0001592900-24-000991.txt : 20240621 0001592900-24-000991.hdr.sgml : 20240621 20240621172550 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001592900-24-000991 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 497K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 2 FILED AS OF DATE: 20240621 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20240621 EFFECTIVENESS DATE: 20240621 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: EA Series Trust CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001592900 ORGANIZATION NAME: IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0930 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 497K SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-195493 FILM NUMBER: 241061463 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 19 E EAGLE ROAD CITY: HAVERTOWN STATE: PA ZIP: 19083 BUSINESS PHONE: 1.215.882.9983 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 19 E EAGLE ROAD CITY: HAVERTOWN STATE: PA ZIP: 19083 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: Alpha Architect ETF Trust DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20140428 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: Empowered Funds ETF Trust DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20131125 0001592900 S000077708 Alpha Architect High Inflation and Deflation ETF C000238196 Alpha Architect High Inflation and Deflation ETF HIDE 497K 1 hidesummaryprospectus497k.htm 497K HIDE Document

ALPHA ARCHITECT HIGH INFLATION AND DEFLATION ETF
Ticker Symbol: HIDE

Listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC
SUMMARY PROSPECTUS
January 31, 2024, as supplemented June 21, 2024

www.alphaarchitect.com/funds
Before you invest, you may want to review the Fund’s Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), which contain more information about the Fund and its risks. The current Prospectus and SAI, each dated January 31, 2024, as supplemented June 21, 2024, are incorporated by reference into this Summary Prospectus. You can find the Fund’s Prospectus, reports to shareholders, and other information about the Fund online at www.alphaarchitect.com/funds. You can also get this information at no cost by calling 215-882-9983.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The Alpha Architect High Inflation and Deflation ETF (the “Fund”) seeks long-term total return.
FEES AND EXPENSES
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund (“Shares”). You may also pay brokerage commissions on the purchase and sale of Shares, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (EXPENSES THAT YOU PAY EACH YEAR AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE VALUE OF YOUR INVESTMENT)
Management Fee
0.29 %
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
0.00 %
Other Expenses
0.00 %
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses1
0.02 %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
0.31 %
Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement2
(0.02 %)
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement
0.29 %
1.Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (AFFE) include fees and expenses incurred indirectly by the Fund as a result of investments in other investment companies, including funds which invest exclusively in money market instruments. Because AFFEs are not borne directly by the Fund, they will not be reflected in the expense information in the Fund’s financial statements and the information presented in the table will differ from that presented in the Fund’s financial highlights included in the Fund’s reports to shareholders.
2.The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive receipt of its management fees and/or assume expenses of the Fund to the extent necessary to offset AFFE so that the total annual operating expenses of the Fund (excluding payments under the Fund’s Rule 12b-1 distribution and service plan (if any), brokerage expenses, taxes (including tax-related services), interest (including borrowing costs), litigation expense (including class action-related services) and other non-routine or extraordinary expenses) do not exceed 0.29% of the Fund’s average daily net assets. This agreement is in effect until November 15, 2025, and it may be terminated before that date only by a majority vote of the “non-interested” trustees.
EXAMPLE
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example reflects the Fund’s contractual expense limitation agreement only for the term of the contractual expense limitation agreement. The example also assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. You may also pay brokerage commissions on the purchase and sale of Shares, which are not reflected in the example. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
One Year:Three Years:Five Years:Ten Years:
$30$98$172$391
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PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The Fund may pay transaction costs, including commissions when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. For the fiscal period ended September 30, 2023, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 402% of the average value of its portfolio.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
The Fund’s Investment Strategy
The Fund is an actively managed, non-diversified fund managed by Alpha Architect, LLC, the Fund’s investment sub-adviser (“Alpha Architect” or the “Sub-Adviser”). The Sub-Adviser manages the Fund using proprietary methodology developed by the parent company of the Adviser and Sub-Adviser, Empirical Finance, LLC, dba Alpha Architect.
The Fund primarily invests its assets in the shares of registered investment companies, including affiliated and non-affiliated exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) (the “underlying funds”), that emphasize investments in (i) intermediate-term U.S. Treasury bonds; (ii) real estate; and (iii) commodities (the “Target Asset Classes”). The Fund expects to obtain its exposure to the Target Asset Classes primarily through its investments in underlying funds, but the Fund also may invest directly in equity interests in real estate investment trusts (REITs) and in intermediate-term U.S. Treasury bonds. The Sub-Adviser believes its investments in underlying funds will provide an efficient, low cost means for the Fund to gain exposure to the Target Asset Classes.
The Sub-Adviser has developed an investment model that is used to determine the asset allocations for the Fund, but the Sub-Adviser does retain discretion to modify the model. The Sub-Adviser does not anticipate major deviations from the model driven asset allocation process, but such deviations may occur in response to extreme market conditions. The asset allocation process can only be changed by the Sub-Adviser.
The Sub-Adviser’s model is quantitative and systematic, utilizing absolute momentum and trend-following factors to identify the allocations to the Target Asset Classes and/or cash and cash equivalents. Absolute momentum is reliant upon the continuance of an existing market trend while trend-following investment seeks to invest in assets that are considered in an upward trend. In the most basic terms, the model seeks to determine when a Target Asset Class (e.g., real estate) is perceived to be attractive from an investment perspective given current market conditions.
The Fund’s quantitative process is designed to analyze each Target Asset Class to determine whether it is demonstrating positive or negative price trends. The Sub-Adviser’s quantitative investment model will use various trend signals. The model generally relies on past prices and past return data. The Sub-Adviser may use a variety of lookbacks and formations that are subject to change based on the Sub-Adviser’s research efforts. Two examples of these lookbacks and formations would be a moving average signal and a time-series momentum signal when analyzing each Target Asset Class. These examples are representative of general trend-following techniques and may not be the exclusive signals used. The signals generated by the Sub-Adviser’s quantitative model are used to guide the Fund’s allocation to the Target Asset Classes and/or cash and cash equivalents.
The Sub-Adviser’s target weightings, when all Target Asset Classes have a “buy” signal, for the Fund are 50% exposure to intermediate-term U.S. Treasury bonds, 25% exposure to real estate securities, including REITs, and 25% exposure to commodities. The target weightings are simply investment targets and are subject to change based on the Sub-Adviser’s analysis of current market conditions. For example, if the Sub-Adviser’s analysis indicates a negative trend for any of the Fund’s Target Asset Classes, the Sub-Adviser will reduce or eliminate the Fund’s exposure to such Target Asset Class and invest such reallocated assets into other Target Asset Classes or cash and cash equivalents. The Fund’s investments in cash and cash equivalents, which may represent at times 100% of the Fund’s assets, will consist of money market funds, U.S. Treasury bills, and/or U.S. Treasury bill equivalents (or an underlying fund that focus its investments on these objectives).
The Sub-Adviser is responsible for determining the timing of trading and the actual securities selected for investment. When selecting investments, the Sub-Adviser will compile a list of investments that provide the Fund with the desired Target Asset Class exposure. As it relates to the Fund’s investments in underlying funds, the Sub-Adviser’s analysis may include, but is not limited to, a review of the underlying fund’s cost structure, holdings, investment process, market liquidity, performance, operational and legal issues, diversification, time horizon, and tax-related issues. The Sub-Adviser will generally sell or reduce its exposure to an investment based on the results of the Sub-Adviser’s quantitative model. The Sub-Adviser’s quantitative model is updated at least monthly and the Fund’s asset allocations will be systematically updated based on the results of the model. There are times when the Fund’s strategy may result in active and frequent trading of portfolio instruments to achieve its investment objective.
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The Sub-Adviser, through its quantitative investment model, will actively manage the Fund’s portfolio across the different Target Asset Classes with the goal of providing investors with protection against an environment of high inflation or deflation. For example, during a period of perceived high inflation (i.e., a period where the general prices of goods and services are increasing in the economy), the Sub-Adviser will generally increase the Fund’s exposure to commodities through its investments in underlying funds, and at times, to REITs and other real estate securities. During a period of perceived deflation (i.e., a period where the general prices of goods and services are declining in the economy), the Sub-Adviser will generally increase the Fund’s exposure to intermediate-term U.S. Treasury bonds through either its investments in underlying funds, and at times, to REITs and other real estate securities. The Sub-Adviser believes that actively managing the Fund’s exposure to the Target Asset Classes and cash and cash equivalents can add value over a static allocation to one or more of these asset classes over both periods of high inflation and deflation.
PRINCIPAL RISKS
An investment in the Fund involves risk, including those described below. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. An investor may lose money by investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any government agency. The Fund may be subject to the following risks as a result of its direct investments or through its investments in underlying funds:
Investment Risk. When you sell your Shares of the Fund, they could be worth less than what you paid for them. The Fund could lose money due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during market downturns. Securities may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular asset classes or industries represented in the markets. The value of a security may decline due to general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or to factors that affect a particular industry or group of industries. During a general downturn in the securities markets, multiple asset classes may be negatively affected. Therefore, you may lose money by investing in the Fund.
Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed and may not meet its investment objective based on the Sub-Adviser’s success or failure to implement investment strategies for the Fund.
Fund of Funds Risk. The Fund’s investment performance will largely depend on the investment performance of the selected underlying funds. An investment in the Fund is subject to the risks associated with the underlying funds that then-currently comprise the Fund’s portfolio. At times, certain of the segments of the market represented by the Fund’s underlying funds may be out of favor and underperform other segments. The Fund will indirectly pay a proportional share of the expenses of the underlying funds in which it invests (including operating expenses and management fees), which are identified in the fee schedule above as “Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses.”
Fixed Income Risk. The market value of fixed income securities will change in response to interest rate changes and other factors, such as changes in the effective maturities and credit ratings of fixed income investments. During periods of falling interest rates, the values of outstanding fixed income securities and related financial instruments generally rise. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, the values of such securities and related financial instruments generally decline. Fixed income investments are also subject to credit risk.
Interest Rate Risk. Changes in interest rates can result in losses for fixed-income and other securities. Specifically, for fixed-income securities or fixed-income ETFs, when interest rates rise, the market values of the fixed-income instruments normally decrease. Typically, the longer the maturity or duration of a fixed-income security, the greater the security’s sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Changes in monetary policy, government policy, government spending and inflation may affect the level of interest rates.
Credit Risk. Debt securities are subject to credit risk. Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer or guarantor of a security will be unable and/or unwilling to make timely interest payments and/or repay the principal on its debt or to otherwise honor its obligations and/or default completely. Debt securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk, depending on the issuer’s financial condition and on the terms of the securities, which may be reflected in credit ratings. There is a possibility that the credit rating of a debt security may be downgraded after purchase or the perception of an issuer’s credit worthiness may decline, which may adversely affect the value of the security.
Risk of U.S. Treasury Bills. Direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury have historically involved little risk of loss of principal if held to maturity. However, due to fluctuations in interest rates, the market value of such securities may vary.
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Investment Company Risk. An investment in other registered investment companies (including other ETFs, affiliated and non-affiliated) is subject to the risks associated with those investment companies, which include, but are not limited to, the risk that such fund’s investment strategy may not produce the intended results; the risk that securities in such fund may underperform in comparison to the general securities markets or other asset classes; and the risk that the fund will be concentrated in a particular issuer, market, industry or sector, and therefore will be especially susceptible to loss due to adverse occurrences affecting that issuer, market, industry or sector. Moreover, the Fund will incur duplicative expenses from such investments, bearing its share of that fund’s expenses while also paying its own advisory fees and trading costs. Investments in ETFs are also subject to the “ETF Risks” described below.
In addition, the Fund may invest in underlying funds which invest a larger portion of their assets in one or more sectors than many other funds, and thus will be more susceptible to negative events affecting those sectors.
The Fund may invest in affiliated ETFs managed by the Adviser and/or Alpha Architect. The Adviser and/or Alpha Architect may be subject to potential conflicts of interest in selecting underlying funds because the fees paid to it by certain affiliated underlying funds are higher than the fees paid by other affiliated and unaffiliated underlying funds. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in any one affiliated ETF or across multiple affiliated ETFs, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to the investment strategies employed by the Adviser and/or Alpha Architect.
Derivatives Risk. A derivative is any financial instrument whose value is based on, and determined by, another asset, rate or index (i.e., stock options, futures contracts, caps, floors, etc.). When the Fund obtains exposure to derivatives through its investments in other underlying funds, it will be indirectly exposed to the risks of those derivatives. The use of derivatives for non-hedging purposes may be considered to carry more risk than other types of investments. Unfavorable changes in the value of the underlying asset, rate or index may cause sudden losses. Changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, a the Fund could lose more than the principal amount invested. Derivative instruments are subject to a number of risks including counterparty, liquidity, interest rate, market, credit and management risks, as well as the risk of improper valuation.
Leverage Risk. The Fund does not seek leveraged returns but as a result of the Fund’s investments in underlying funds that use certain derivatives it may create investment leverage. As a result, the use of these derivatives by the underlying funds may magnify losses to the Fund, and even a small market movement may result in significant losses to the Fund.
Commodity Risk. Investing in physical commodities is speculative and can be extremely volatile. Market prices of commodities may fluctuate rapidly based on numerous factors, including: changes in supply and demand relationships (whether actual, perceived, anticipated, unanticipated or unrealized); weather; agriculture; trade; domestic and foreign political and economic events and policies; diseases; pestilence; technological developments; currency exchange rate fluctuations; and monetary and other governmental policies, action and inaction. When the Fund obtains exposure to commodities through its investments in other underlying funds, it will be indirectly exposed to the foregoing risks.
Commodity-Linked Derivatives Risk. The Fund seeks to gain exposure to commodity markets by investing in underlying funds that have exposure to commodities and this may include exposure to commodity-linked derivatives. The value of a commodity-linked derivative investment is typically based upon the price movements of a physical commodity (such as heating oil, precious metals, livestock, or agricultural products), a commodity futures contract or commodity index, or some other readily measurable economic variable. Commodity-linked derivatives provide exposure, which may include long and/or short exposure, to the investment returns of physical commodities that trade in the commodities markets without investing directly in physical commodities. The value of commodity-linked derivative instruments may be affected by changes in overall market movements, volatility of the underlying Index, changes in interest rates, or factors affecting a particular industry or commodity, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs and international economic, political and regulatory developments. The value of commodity-linked derivatives will rise or fall in response to changes in the underlying commodity or related index. Investments in commodity-linked derivatives may be subject to greater volatility than non-derivative based investments. A highly liquid secondary market may not exist for certain commodity-linked derivatives, and there can be no assurance that one will develop.
Commodity Futures Risk. The Fund seeks to gain exposure to commodity markets by investing in underlying funds that have exposure to commodities and this may include exposure to commodity futures. Risks of commodity futures include: (i) an imperfect correlation between the value of the futures contract and the underlying commodity or commodity index; (ii) possible lack of a liquid secondary market; (iii) the inability to close a futures contract when desired; (iv) losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which may be unlimited; and (v) an obligation for the investor to make daily cash payments to maintain its required collateral, or margin, particularly at times when the investor may have insufficient cash or must sell securities to meet
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those margin requirements. Although the counterparty to an exchange-traded futures contract is often backed by a futures commission merchant (“FCM”) or clearing organization that is further backed by a group of financial institutions, there may be instances in which the FCM or the clearing organization could fail to perform its obligations, causing significant losses to the investor.
Commodity Swaps Risk. The Fund seeks to gain exposure to commodity markets by investing in underlying funds that have exposure to commodities and this may include exposure to commodity swaps. If a counterparty to a commodity swap agreement becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under the commodity swap due to financial difficulties, the Fund could suffer losses. Central clearing is designed to reduce counterparty credit risk compared to uncleared commodity swaps because central clearing interposes the central clearinghouse as the counterparty to each participant’s swap, but it does not eliminate those risks completely. Credit risk of cleared commodity swap participants is concentrated in a few clearinghouses and the consequences of insolvency of a clearinghouse are not clear. Commodity Swaps are subject to pricing risk (i.e., commodity swaps may be hard to value) and may be considered illiquid.
Commodity-Linked Note Risk. The Fund seeks to gain exposure to commodity markets by investing in underlying funds that have exposure to commodities and this may include exposure to commodity-linked notes. Commodity-linked notes have characteristics of both a debt security and a derivative. Typically, they are issued by a bank at a specified face value and pay a fixed or floating rate linked to the performance of an underlying asset, such as commodity indices, particular commodities or commodity futures contracts. As such, an investor faces the economic risk of movements in commodity prices by investing in such notes. These notes also are subject to credit, market and interest rate risks that in general affect the values of debt securities.
Real Estate Investment Risk. Companies in the real estate sector include companies that invest in real estate, such as real estate investment trusts (REITs) and real estate management and development companies. Companies that invest in real estate are subject to the risks of owning real estate directly as well as to risks that relate specifically to the way that such companies operate, including management risk (such companies are dependent upon the management skills of a few key individuals and may have limited financial resources). Adverse economic, business or political developments affecting real estate could have a major effect on the value of an underlying fund’s investments. Investing in real estate is subject to such risks as decreases in real estate values, overbuilding, increased competition and other risks related to local or general economic conditions, increases in operating costs and property taxes, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, possible environmental liabilities, regulatory limitations on rent, possible lack of availability of mortgage financing, market saturation, fluctuations in rental income and the value of underlying properties and extended vacancies of properties. Certain real estate securities have a relatively small market capitalization, which may tend to increase the volatility of the market price of these securities. Real estate securities have limited diversification and are, therefore, subject to risks inherent in operating and financing a limited number of projects. Real estate securities are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency and defaults by borrowers or tenants. The Fund’s investments in REITs are subject to additional risks, such as poor performance by the manager of the REIT or failure by the REIT to qualify for tax-free pass through of income under the Code.
Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund is also subject to asset allocation risk, which is the chance that the selection of investments, and the allocation of assets to such investments, will cause the Fund to underperform other funds with a similar investment objective.
Quantitative Security Selection Risk. The Sub-Adviser uses a quantitative model, and its processes could be adversely affected if erroneous or outdated data is utilized. In addition, securities selected using a quantitative model could perform differently from the financial markets as a whole as a result of the characteristics used in the analysis, the weight placed on each characteristic and changes in the characteristic’s historical trends. The factors used in such analyses may not be predictive of a security’s value and its effectiveness can change over time. These changes may not be reflected in the quantitative model. There can be no assurance that use of a quantitative model will enable the Fund to achieve positive returns or outperform the market.
High Portfolio Turnover Risk. The Fund’s investment strategy may from time-to-time result in higher turnover rates. This may increase the Fund’s brokerage commission costs, which could negatively impact the performance of the Fund. Rapid portfolio turnover also exposes shareholders to a higher current realization of short-term capital gains, distributions of which would generally be taxed to you as ordinary income and thus cause you to pay higher taxes.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified, meaning that it is permitted to invest a larger percentage of its assets in fewer issuers than diversified funds. Thus, the Fund may be more susceptible to adverse developments affecting any single issuer held in its portfolio and may be more susceptible to greater losses because of these developments.
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ETF Risks.
•Authorized Participants, Market Makers and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as Authorized Participants (“APs”). In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.
•Premium-Discount Risk. The Shares may trade above or below their net asset value (“NAV”). The market prices of Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as the relative supply of, and demand for, Shares on The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC (the “Exchange”) or other securities exchanges. The trading price of Shares may deviate significantly from NAV during periods of market volatility or limited trading activity in Shares. In addition, you may incur the cost of the “spread,” that is, any difference between the bid price and the ask price of the Shares.
•Cost of Trading Risk. Investors buying or selling Shares in the secondary market will pay brokerage commissions or other charges imposed by brokers as determined by that broker. Brokerage commissions are often a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell relatively small amounts of Shares.
•Trading Risk. Although the Shares are listed on the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active or liquid trading market for them will develop or be maintained. In addition, trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of its underlying portfolio holdings, which can be less liquid than Shares, potentially causing the market price of Shares to deviate from its NAV. The spread varies over time for Shares of the Fund based on the Fund’s trading volume and market liquidity and is generally lower if the Fund has high trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the Fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size).
Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. Holding cash or cash equivalents rather than securities or other instruments in which the Fund primarily invests, even strategically, may cause the Fund to risk losing opportunities to participate in market appreciation, and may cause the Fund to experience potentially lower returns than the Fund’s benchmark or other funds that remain fully invested.
Geopolitical/Natural Disaster Risks. The Fund’s investments are subject to geopolitical and natural disaster risks, such as war, terrorism, trade disputes, political or economic dysfunction within some nations, public health crises and related geopolitical events, as well as environmental disasters, epidemics and/or pandemics, which may add to instability in world economies and volatility in markets. The impact may be short-term or may last for extended periods.
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PERFORMANCE
The following information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows the Fund’s performance for calendar years ended December 31. The table shows illustrates how the Fund’s average annual returns for one-year and since inception periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. The Fund’s past performance, before and after taxes, is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future. Performance information is also available on the Fund’s website at www.alphaarchitect.com/funds or by calling the Fund at (215) 882-9983.
Calendar Year Total Return as of December 31
chart-80e7c66f1f834e5ea93a.jpg
During the period of time shown in the bar chart, the Fund’s highest return for a calendar quarter was 1.62% (quarter ended December 31, 2023) and the Fund’s lowest return for a calendar quarter was 0.24% (quarter ended March 31, 2023).
Average Annual Total Returns
(for periods ended December 31, 2023)
1 Year
Since Inception
(11/16/22)
Return Before Taxes
2.65%2.07%
Return After Taxes on Distributions
1.11%-1.45%
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Shares
1.59%0.10%
Solactive US Aggregate Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses)1
5.28%4.85%
1Index assumes withholding taxes on dividends.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual U.S. federal marginal income tax rates during the period covered by the table and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown and are not relevant if you hold your shares through a tax- deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA. In some cases, the return after taxes may exceed the return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of Fund shares at the end of the measurement period.
The Solactive US Aggregate Bond Index aims to track the performance of the USD denominated bond market.
INVESTMENT ADVISER AND INVESTMENT SUB-ADVISER
Investment Adviser:Empowered Funds, LLC dba EA Advisers serves as the investment adviser of the Fund.
Investment Sub-Adviser:Alpha Architect, LLC serves as the sub-adviser of the Fund.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Messrs. Wesley R. Gray and John Vogel are co-portfolio managers for the Fund. Messrs. Gray and Vogel have been primarily and jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund since November 2022.
SUMMARY INFORMATION ABOUT PURCHASES, SALES, TAXES, AND FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY COMPENSATION
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PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES
The Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis only in large blocks of Shares, typically 10,000 Shares, called “Creation Units,” and only APs (typically, broker-dealers) may purchase or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are issued and redeemed ‘in-kind’ for securities and partially in cash. Individual Shares may only be purchased and sold in secondary market transactions through brokers. Once created, individual Shares generally trade in the secondary market at market prices that change throughout the day. Market prices of Shares may be greater or less than their NAV. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, the Fund’s shares are not redeemable securities.
TAX INFORMATION
The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gain, or some combination of both, unless your investment is made through an IRA or other tax-advantaged account. However, subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged account may be subject to U.S. federal income tax. You should consult your own tax advisor about your specific tax situation.
PURCHASES THROUGH BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
If you purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary, the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend Shares over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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