Goodwill and Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

The Company has two operating segments: (i) Market Making; and (ii) Execution Services; and one non-operating segment: Corporate. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s total amount of goodwill recorded was $1,148.9 million. No goodwill impairment was recognized during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

The following table presents the details of goodwill by segment as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


(in thousands)	Market Making		Execution Services		Corporate		Total



Balance as of period-end	$	755,292	$	393,634	$	—	$	1,148,926

As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company's total amount of intangible assets recorded was $257.5 million and $321.5 million, respectively. Acquired intangible assets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


	As of December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Useful Lives (Years)
Customer relationships	$	486,600	$	(237,829)	$	248,771	10	to	12
Technology	136,000		(133,467)		2,533		1	to	6
Favorable occupancy leases	5,895		(5,177)		718		3	to	15
Exchange memberships	3,998		—		3,998		Indefinite
Trade name	3,600		(3,600)		—			3
ETF issuer relationships	950		(950)		—			9
ETF buyer relationships	950		(950)		—			9
Other	$	1,500	$	—	$	1,500	Indefinite
	$	639,493	$	(381,973)	$	257,520


	As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Useful Lives (Years)
Customer relationships	$	486,600	$	(189,986)	$	296,614	10	to	12
Technology	136,000		(118,119)		17,881		1	to	6
Favorable occupancy leases	5,895		(4,408)		1,487		3	to	15
Exchange memberships	3,998		—		3,998		Indefinite
Trade name	3,600		(3,600)		—			3
ETF issuer relationships	950		(950)		—			9
ETF buyer relationships	950		(950)		—			9
Other	$	1,500	$	—	$	1,500	Indefinite
	$	639,493	$	(318,013)	$	321,480

Amortization expense relating to finite-lived intangible assets was approximately $64.0 million, $64.8 million, and $69.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. This is included in Amortization of purchased intangibles and acquired capitalized software in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

The Company expects to record amortization expense as follows over the next five subsequent years:


(in thousands)

2024	$	50,845
2025	47,879
2026	47,879
2027	47,879
2028	47,879