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Segment information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment information Segment information
Reportable segments
The Company reports segment information based on the "management" approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Company's reportable segments. As a result of the Iponweb Acquisition, the Company reassessed its operating and reportable segments in accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting. Effective August 1, 2022, the Company reports its results of operations through the following three segments: Marketing Solutions, Retail Media and Iponweb.

Marketing Solutions: This segment allows commerce companies to address multiple marketing goals by engaging their consumers with personalized ads across the web, mobile and offline store environments.

Retail Media: This segment allows retailers to generate advertising revenues from consumer brands, and/or to drive sales for themselves, by monetizing their data and audiences through personalized ads, either on their own digital property or on the open Internet, that address multiple marketing goals.

Iponweb: This segment specializes in building real-time advertising technology and trading infrastructure, delivering advanced media buying, selling, and packaging capabilities for media owners, agencies, performance advertisers, and 3rd-party ad tech platforms.

Segment operating results, Contribution ex-TAC, is Criteo's segment profitability measure and reflects our gross profit plus other costs of revenue.
The following table shows revenue by reportable segment:
Year Ended December 31,
202220212020
(in thousands)
Marketing Solutions$1,762,517 $2,007,239 $1,806,431 
Retail Media202,317 246,996 266,186 
Iponweb52,169 — — 
Total Revenue$2,017,003 $2,254,235 $2,072,617 
The following table shows Contribution ex-TAC by reportable segment and its reconciliation to the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operation:
Year Ended December 31,
202220212020
(in thousands)
Contribution ex-TAC
Marketing Solutions$714,695 796,152 746,751 
Retail Media161,360 124,643 78,295 
Iponweb52,169 — — 
$928,224 $920,795 $825,046 
Other costs of sales(133,024)(138,851)(137,028)
Gross profit$795,200 $781,944 $688,018 
Operating expenses
Research and development expenses(187,596)(151,817)(132,513)
Sales and operations expenses(377,996)(325,616)(330,285)
General and administrative expenses(205,330)(152,634)(116,395)
Total Operating expenses(770,922)(630,067)(579,193)
Income from operations$24,278 $151,877 $108,825 
Financial and Other Income (Expense)17,783 1,939 (1,939)
Income before tax$42,061 $153,816 $106,886 
The Company's CODM does not review any other financial information for our three segments, other than Contribution ex-TAC, at the reportable segment level.
Breakdown of Revenue and Non-Current Assets by Geographical Areas
The Company operates in the following three geographical markets:
•    Americas: North and South America;
•    Europe, Middle-East and Africa; and
•    Asia-Pacific.
The following tables disclose our consolidated revenue for each geographical area for each of the reported periods. Revenue by geographical area is based mainly on the location of advertisers’ campaigns.
Revenue generated in other significant countries where we operate is presented in the following table:
Year Ended December 31,
202220212020
(in thousands)
Americas$891,267 $916,825 $894,854 
of which United States798,391 815,797 815,476 
EMEA706,861 844,312 749,672 
of which France111,368 151,611 132,741 
of which Germany196,373 217,965 184,183 
Asia-Pacific418,875 493,098 428,091 
of which Japan253,996 309,378 301,183 
Other Information
For each reported period, non-current assets (corresponding to the net book value of tangible and intangible assets) are presented in the table below. The geographical information results from the locations of legal entities.
AmericasEMEAAsia-PacificTotal
(in thousands)
December 31, 2021$84,954 $103,663 $33,971 $222,588 
December 31, 2022$92,952 $193,007 $21,231 $307,190