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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 23, 2022

 

1933 Act File No. 333-188521 and 1940 Act File No. 811-22842

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM N-1A

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE 

SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

Post-Effective Amendment No. 171

 

AND

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE

INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

 

Amendment No. 173

 

 

 

FORUM FUNDS II
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600
Portland, Maine 04101 

(207) 347-2000

 

Alison Fuller
Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP
2000 K Street, N.W., Suite 700
Washington, DC 20006-1871

 

Copies to:

Zachary Tackett
Apex Fund Services
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600
Portland, Maine 04101

 

 

 

It is proposed that this filing will become effective:

 

[   ]immediately upon filing pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (b)(1)

[   ]on                              , pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (b)(1)

[   ]60 days after filing pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (a)(1)

[X]on December 30, 2022, pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (a)(1)

[   ]75 days after filing pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (a)(2)

[   ]on                              , pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (a)(2)

[   ]this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

 

Title of series being registered: SafeGuard Core One Fund

 

 

SafeGuard Core One Fund

 

Institutional Shares (SGFIX)

Investor Shares (SGFAX)

 

PROSPECTUS

December 30, 2022

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission and the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) have not approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the disclosure in this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Summary Section 1
Investment Objective 1
Fees and Expenses 1
Principal Investment Strategies 2
Principal Investment Risks 3
Performance Information 6
Management 6
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares 6
Tax Information 7
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries 7
Details Regarding Principal Investment Strategies and Risks 8
Additional Information Regarding Principal Investment Strategies 8
Additional Information Regarding Principal Investment Risks 9
Management 13
Investment Adviser 13
Portfolio Manager 15
Other Service Providers 15
Fund Expenses 15
Your Account 16
General Information 16
How to Contact the Fund 16
Choosing a Share Class 18
Buying Shares 19
Selling Shares 22
Retirement Accounts 24
Other Information 25
Financial Highlights 28

 

 

SUMMARY SECTION

 

Investment Objective

 

The SafeGuard Core One Fund (the “Fund”) seeks capital appreciation in both rising and falling markets, while minimizing downside volatility.

 

Fees and Expenses

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the tables and examples below.

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
Institutional
Shares
Investor
Shares
Management Fees(1) 1.50% 1.50%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees None 0.25%
Other Expenses(2) 0.50% 0.50%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 2.00% 2.25%
Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement(3) (0.25)% (0.25)%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement 1.75% 2.00%

 

(1)The management fee paid to SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC (the "Adviser") is calculated and accrued daily, at an annual rate based on the Fund's average daily net assets, and consists of (i) an initial fee calculated at a rate of 1.00% of the Fund’s average daily net assets during the first 12 months of the Fund’s operations and, thereafter, (ii) a base fee of 1.50% that is adjusted upward or downward depending upon the performance of the Fund's Institutional Shares relative to the S&P 500 Index over a rolling 12-month period. The base fee of 1.50%, once effective, represents the management fee in the event that the total return performance of the Fund's Institutional Shares equals the total return performance of the S&P 500 Index plus 7.50%. Depending on the performance of the Fund's Institutional Shares relative to the performance of the S&P 500 Index over a rolling 12-month period, the Fund's annual management fee, after the first 12 months of the Fund’s operations, may increase or decrease by a maximum of 1.50% and, accordingly will range from a minimum of 0.00% (in the event that the performance of the Fund's Institutional Shares is equal to or lower than the performance of the S&P 500 Index) to a maximum of 3.00% (in the event that the performance of the Fund's Institutional Shares exceeds the performance of the S&P 500 Index by 15% or more). For additional information regarding the management fee and the performance adjustment, please refer to the section entitled “Investment Adviser” later in this Prospectus.

(2)“Other Expenses” are based on estimated amounts expected to be incurred for the current fiscal year.

(3)The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fee and/or reimburse Fund expenses to limit the Fund’s Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement to 0.25%, subject to exclusions, through January 1, 2024 (“Expense Cap”). The following categories of expenses are excluded from the Expense Cap and, if incurred, will be borne by the Fund: the management fee, all taxes, interest, portfolio transaction expenses, class-specific distribution and service (Rule 12b-1) fees, brokerage commissions, dividend and interest expenses on short sales, acquired fund fees and expenses, proxy expenses and extraordinary expenses. The Expense Cap may only be raised or eliminated with the consent of the Board of Trustees. The Adviser may recoup from the Fund fees waived and expenses reimbursed by the Adviser pursuant to the Expense Cap if such recoupment is made within three years of the fee waiver or expense reimbursement and does not cause the Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement of the Fund (i.e., after the recoupment has been taken into account) to exceed the lesser of (i) any then current expense cap and (ii) the expense cap in place at the time the fees/expenses were waived or reimbursed.

1 

 

Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then hold or redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same, except that it reflects the Expense Cap through the time period described above. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, whether you do or do not redeem your shares at the end of each period described below, your costs would be:

 

  1 Year 3 Years
Investor Shares $203 $679
Institutional Shares $178 $603

 

Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. Portfolio turnover rate is not provided because, as of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund had not yet completed its first fiscal year.

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

SafeGuard Asset Management (the “Adviser”) takes a risk managed approach in pursuit of the Fund’s investment objective by employing a proprietary investment model to allocate the Fund’s assets among three principal investment strategies: S&P 500 Strategy, Futures Overlay Strategy, and Protection Strategy. In doing so, the Fund seeks to deliver equity returns higher than those of the S&P 500® Index with less volatility.

 

In addition, in an effort to hedge against equity volatility, enhance returns, or for liquidity purposes, the Adviser will invest a portion of the Fund’s assets in cash or cash equivalents including, but not limited to, short-term investment funds, obligations issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, and/or bonds, notes, or similar debt obligations issued by U.S. or foreign corporations or special-purpose entities backed by corporate debt obligations. These cash and cash equivalents may be utilized outside of or within the Fund’s three principal strategies, or both.

 

The Adviser anticipates that, based upon its analysis of long-term historical returns and volatility of various asset classes, the Fund will allocate approximately 15-30% of its assets, in the aggregate, to the S&P 500 and Protection Strategies, and approximately 15-25% of its assets to the Futures Overlay Strategy, with the balance of the Fund’s assets being allocated to cash and cash equivalents. However, as market conditions change the allocations may be higher or lower. 

 

The strategies employed by the Fund are:

 

The S&P 500 Strategy seeks to correspond generally with the returns of the S&P 500 Index through use of S&P 500 Index futures contracts. The index futures contracts are expected to represent, in aggregate, up to 120% of the value of the Fund’s net assets.

 

Under the Protection Strategy, which seeks to provide downside protection in declining markets, the Fund purchases long dated put options on the S&P 500 Index. The put options are expected to cover 100% of the Fund’s net asset value and will be rolled 2-4 months before expiration in order to establish longer dated protection and to mitigate the time decay (theta) associated with owning the options. The strike levels for the put options are expected to be at or near the money.

 

The Futures Overlay Strategy is designed to produce capital appreciation and diversification. The Fund executes its Futures Overlay Strategy by investing up to 25% of its total assets (measured at the time of purchase) in a wholly owned and controlled subsidiary organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Subsidiary”). The Subsidiary transacts in a swap or option contract that provides exposure to a private investment vehicle organized under Delaware law (the “Commodity Fund”). The Commodity Fund, in turn, invests in a variety of commodity-based sub-strategies. The sub-strategies in which the Commodity Fund invests employ a combination of futures, forwards, options, spot contracts, or swaps, each of which may be tied to stock indices, precious metals, industrial metals, energy resources, currencies, interest rates, or agricultural products. The swap or option contract entered into by the Subsidiary may also be used as a substitute for direct exposure to commodities and for hedging. By utilizing a swap or option contract to gain exposure to the Commodity Fund, such transaction will generally have payments linked to commodity or financial derivatives that are designed to produce returns similar to those of the Commodity Fund. The Futures Overlay Strategy is designed to be diversified and the commodity-based sub-strategies underlying the Commodity Fund are not expected to have returns

2 

 

that are highly correlated to each other or the equity markets. The Fund’s Adviser also serves as the investment adviser of the Subsidiary, and the Subsidiary is subject to the same investment restrictions as the Fund. The Fund does not utilize more than 25% of its assets in contracts with any one counterparty.

 

The overall investment strategy of the Fund acknowledges a broad range of economic outcomes and is designed to outperform the S&P 500 Index over a full market cycle. In summary, the S&P 500 Strategy seeks to correspond generally with the returns of the S&P 500 Index through use of index futures contracts. The Futures Overlay strategy seeks to provide capital appreciation and reduce volatility through exposure to one or more diversified baskets of investment strategies, which may include a variety of derivative instruments and other investments. The Protection Strategy seeks to provide downside protection in declining markets by using long dated index put options. Together, the strategies seek to provide equity-like returns with less volatility than the overall market. Additionally, the remainder of the Fund’s assets will be held in cash or cash equivalent investments for liquidity purposes, for hedging purposes, or to enhance returns. The Adviser's intended result is dynamic equity exposure in the Fund, allowing for equity returns in appreciating markets and capital protection in declining markets.

 

The Fund is non-diversified, which means that the Fund may hold larger positions in fewer securities than other funds.

 

Principal Investment Risks

 

Losing all or a portion of your investment is a risk of investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. More information on the Fund’s principal investment strategies and principal risks is contained in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”). The following principal risks could affect the value of your investment.

 

The following risks apply to the Fund’s direct investments in securities and derivatives as well as the Fund’s indirect risks through the Fund’s indirect exposure to the Commodity Fund obtained through the Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary:

 

Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends upon the Adviser’s analysis of various factors and Adviser’s ability to select the appropriate mix of asset classes based on its analysis of such factors, which may prove incorrect. The Fund may experience losses or poor relative performance if the Adviser allocates a significant portion of the Fund’s assets to an asset class that does not perform as the Adviser anticipated, including relative to other asset classes. The Fund may underperform funds that allocate their assets differently than the Fund.

 

Commodity Risk. Investing in the commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. Commodity prices may be influenced by unfavorable weather, animal and plant disease, geologic and environmental factors as well as changes in government regulation such as tariffs, embargoes or burdensome production rules and restrictions.

 

New Fund Risk. The Fund is newly-formed. Accordingly, investors in the Fund bear the risk that the Fund’s Adviser may not be successful in implementing the Fund’s investment strategy, and may not employ a successful investment strategy, any of which could result in the Fund being liquidated at any time without shareholder approval and at a time that may not be favorable for all shareholders. Such a liquidation could have negative tax consequences for shareholders.

 

Market Events Risk. Disruptive events with geopolitical consequences, including pandemics (such as COVID-19), may destabilize various countries’ economies and markets, which may experience increased volatility and reduced liquidity. Policy changes by the Federal Reserve and/or other government actors could similarly cause increased volatility in financial markets. The Fund may face a heightened level of interest rate risk in connection with the type and extent of certain monetary policy changes made by the Federal Reserve, such as target interest rate changes. The risks associated with changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on the markets and the Fund’s investments. Trade barriers and other protectionist trade policies (including those in the U.S.) may also result in market turbulence. Market volatility and reductions in market liquidity may negatively affect issuers worldwide, which may impact the Fund.

3 

 

 

Leverage Risk. The Fund obtains investment exposure in excess of its assets in seeking to achieve its investment objective — a form of leverage. Leverage transactions, including investing in certain derivatives, such as futures contracts and options, create the risk of magnified capital losses. The use of leverage may increase (or decrease) the Fund’s return when the Fund earns a greater (or lesser) return on leveraged investments than the cost of the leverage. The effect of leverage on the Fund’s returns may be magnified by market movements or changes in the cost of leveraging.

 

Model and Data Risk. Given the complexity of the investments and strategies of the Fund, the Adviser relies heavily on quantitative models supplied by third parties and information and data supplied by third parties (“Models and Data”). Models and Data are used to construct sets of transactions and investments, to provide risk management insights, and to assist in hedging the Fund’s investments.

 

When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon expose the Fund to potential risks. Similarly, any hedging based on faulty Models and Data may prove to be unsuccessful. Some of the models used by the Adviser for the Fund are predictive in nature. The use of predictive models has inherent risks. Because predictive models are usually constructed based on historical data supplied by third parties, the success of relying on such models may depend heavily on the accuracy and reliability of the supplied historical data.

 

All models rely on correct market data inputs. If incorrect market data is entered into even a well-founded model, the resulting information will be incorrect. However, even if market data is input correctly, “model prices” will often differ substantially from market prices, especially for instruments with complex characteristics, such as derivative instruments.

 

Hedging Risk. Gains or losses from positions in hedging instruments, such as options, may be much greater than the instrument’s original cost. The counterparty may be unable to honor its financial obligation to the Fund. In addition, the Fund may be unable to close the transaction at the time and price the Adviser would like. This may result in a loss to the Fund. The decision as to whether and to what extent the Fund will engage in hedging transactions to hedge against certain risks, such as market risk, will depend on a number of factors, including prevailing market conditions, the composition of the portfolio of the Fund, and the availability of suitable transactions. Hedging transactions involve costs and may result in losses. There can be no assurance that the Fund will engage in hedging transactions at any given time or from time to time, even under volatile market environments, or that any such strategies, if used, will be successful. The degree of protection provided by the Protection Strategy will vary depending on the size of the Protection Strategy (expected to be 100% of NAV) versus the size of the S&P 500 Strategy (which can be as high as 120% of NAV), as well as the strike prices of put options used in the Protection Strategy. When the S&P Strategy is larger than the Protection Strategy, protection will be incomplete. When the strike prices used in the Protection Strategy are significantly lower than current market levels, greater losses can occur before the protection provided by the put options is effective.

 

Fixed Income Risk. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned by the Fund. The value of fixed income securities typically falls when an issuer’s credit quality declines and may even become worthless if an issuer defaults.

 

U.S. Treasury and Agency Securities Risk. The Fund’s investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury or its agencies and instrumentalities may be backed only by the credit of the agency or instrumentality and not by the full faith and credit of the United States. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government would provide

4 

 

financial support to its agencies and instrumentalities. Securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government that are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity and the market prices for such securities will fluctuate.

 

Equity Risk. The Fund will gain exposure to equity securities through investments in futures contracts. Equities may decline in value because of changes in price of a particular holding or a broad stock market decline. The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons which may relate directly to the issuer of a security or broader economic or market events including changes in interest rates.

 

Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified. Performance of a non-diversified fund may be more volatile than performance of a diversified fund.

 

Derivative Instruments Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that have a value which depends upon, or is derived from, a reference asset, such as one or more underlying securities, pools of securities, options, futures, indexes or currencies. Derivatives may result in investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest; in other words, a small transaction in a derivative may have a large impact on the Fund’s performance. The Fund could experience a loss if derivatives do not perform as anticipated or if the Fund is unable to liquidate a position because of an illiquid secondary market.

 

Futures Contracts Risk. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts are (i) the imperfect correlation between the price of the contract and the change in value of the underlying asset; (ii) possible lack of a liquid secondary market for a futures contract and the resulting inability to close such a contract when desired; (iii) losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited; (iv) the inability to predict correctly the direction of securities prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors; (v) the possibility that the counterparty to a contract will default in the performance of its obligations; and (vi) if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell investments to meet daily variation margin requirements on a futures contract, and the Fund may have to sell investments at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.

 

Indexed Securities and Derivatives Risk. If a security or derivative is linked to the performance of an index, it may be subject to the risks associated with changes in that index. The value of such security or derivative will fluctuate based on changes in the value of the index to which the security or derivative is linked. Changes in the value of an index may be difficult to predict and it is possible that an investment in a security or derivative linked to an index may cause the value of the Fund to decrease. Certain indexed securities may create leverage, to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate that is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index.

 

Options Risk. The price of an option, which is a function of interest rates, volatility, dividends, the exercise price, stock price and other market factors, may change rapidly over time. Price valuations or market movements may not justify purchasing options on individual securities, stock indexes or ETFs, or, if purchased, the options may expire unexercised, causing the Fund to lose the premium paid for the options. The value of the Fund’s positions in equity index options will fluctuate in response to changes in the value of the underlying index. The Fund also risks losing all or part of the cash paid for purchasing put options. Unusual market conditions or the lack of a ready market for any particular option at a specific time may reduce the effectiveness of the Fund’s option strategies, and for these and other reasons, the Fund’s option strategies may not reduce the Fund’s volatility to the extent desired and could result in losses. Furthermore, the Fund’s options-based Futures Overlay and Protection Strategies may not fully protect it against market declines because the Fund will continue to bear the risk of a decline in the value of its portfolio securities.

 

Swaps Risk. Swaps are subject to tracking risk because they may not be perfect substitutes for the instruments they are intended to hedge or replace. Over the counter swaps are subject to counterparty default. Leverage inherent in derivatives will tend to magnify the Fund's losses.

5 

 

 

Counterparty Risk. The Fund may enter into financial instruments or transactions with a counterparty, including derivative instruments and transactions. A counterparty may become bankrupt or otherwise fail to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, jeopardizing the value of the Fund’s investment.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. To the extent the Fund holds cash and cash equivalents positions, even strategically, the Fund risks achieving lower returns and potential lost opportunities to participate in market appreciation, which could negatively impact the Fund’s performance and ability to achieve its investment objective. This is particularly true when the market for other investments in which the Fund may invest is rapidly rising.

 

Performance Based Fee Risk. Performance-based fees create certain inherent conflicts of interest with respect to the Adviser’s management of assets. Specifically, the Adviser’s entitlement to a performance-based fee in managing the Fund may create an incentive for the Adviser to take risks in managing assets that the Adviser would not otherwise take in the absence of such arrangements. In addition, since performance-based fees reward the Adviser for strong performance in accounts which are subject to such fees, such as the Fund, the Adviser may have an incentive to favor these accounts over those that have only asset-based fees (i.e., fees based simply on the amount of assets under management in an account) with respect to areas such as trading opportunities, trade allocation, and allocation of new investment opportunities. This potential conflict has been reduced by the Adviser’s adoption of trade allocation and trade aggregation policies and procedures.

 

Tax Risk. Certain of the Fund’s investment strategies may be subject to special tax rules, the effect of which may have adverse tax consequences for the Fund. By investing in commodities indirectly through the Subsidiary, the Fund intends to obtain exposure to the commodities markets within the U.S. federal tax requirements that apply to the Fund. However, because the Subsidiary is a controlled foreign corporation, any income received from its investments will be passed through to the Fund as ordinary income, which may be taxed at less favorable rates than capital gains. The Subsidiary will, no less than annually, declare and distribute a dividend to the Fund, as the sole shareholder of the Subsidiary, in an amount approximately equal to the total amount of "Subpart F" income (as defined in Section 951 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) generated by or expected to be generated by the Subsidiary's investments during the fiscal year. If the Subsidiary were to fail to make sufficient dividend distributions to the Fund, all or a portion of the income from the Fund's investment in the Subsidiary might not be qualifying income, and the Fund might not qualify as a regulated investment company for one or more years and, as a result, the Fund would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation, and distributions to its shareholders would not be deductible by the Fund in computing its taxable income. The failure by the Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company would have significant negative tax consequences to Fund shareholders and would affect a shareholder’s return on its investment in the Fund.

 

Wholly-Owned Subsidiary Risk. By investing in the Subsidiary, the Fund is indirectly exposed to the commodities risks associated with the Subsidiary’s investments in commodity-related instruments. Shareholders of the Fund will indirectly be subject to the principal risks of the Subsidiary by virtue of the Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary. There can be no assurance that the Subsidiary’s investments will contribute to the Fund’s returns. The Subsidiary is not registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and, unless otherwise noted in this Prospectus, is not subject to all of the investor protections of the 1940 Act. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Fund and the Subsidiary, respectively, are organized, could result in the inability of the Fund and/or Subsidiary to operate as described in this Prospectus and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders. Your cost of investing in the Fund will be higher because you indirectly bear the expenses of the Subsidiary.

 

Performance Information

 

The Fund is newly created and does not have a full calendar year performance record. Performance information will be included after the Fund has been in operation for one calendar year. Past performance does not necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information, when available, may be obtained at no cost to shareholders by visiting www.safeguardam.com.

 

Management

 

Investment Adviser. SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC is the Fund’s investment adviser.

 

Portfolio Manager. Joseph Gabor has been the Portfolio Manager for the Fund since its inception in December 2022 and is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.

 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

 

You may purchase or sell (redeem) shares of the Fund on any day that the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) is open for business. You may purchase or redeem shares directly from the Fund by calling (844) 347-2140 (toll free)

6 

 

or writing to the Fund at SafeGuard Core One Fund, P.O. Box 588, Portland, Maine 04112. You also may purchase or redeem shares of the Fund through your financial intermediary. The Fund accepts investments in the following minimum amounts:

 

Institutional Shares Investor Shares
Minimum
Initial
Investment
Minimum
Additional
Investment
Minimum
Initial
Investment
Minimum
Additional
Investment
Standard Accounts $5,000 None $100 None
Retirement Accounts $5,000 None $100 None

 

Tax Information

 

Shareholders may receive distributions from the Fund, which may be taxed to shareholders other than tax-advantaged investors (such as tax-advantaged retirement plans and accounts) as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both. If you are investing through a tax-advantaged account, you may still be subject to taxation at ordinary income tax rates upon withdrawals from that account.

 

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

 

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

7 

 

DETAILS REGARDING PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS

 

The Fund seeks capital appreciation in both rising and falling markets, while minimizing downside volatility. The Fund’s investment objective is non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board of Trustees without a vote of shareholders. The Fund, however, will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ notice prior to making any changes to the investment objective.

 

Additional Information Regarding Principal Investment Strategies

 

SafeGuard Asset Management (the “Adviser”) takes a risk managed approach in pursuit of the Fund’s investment objective by employing a proprietary investment model to allocate the Fund’s assets among three principal investment strategies: S&P 500 Strategy, Futures Overlay Strategy, and Protection Strategy. In doing so, the Fund seeks to deliver equity returns higher than those of the S&P 500® Index with less volatility. The S&P 500® Index is a widely recognized, unmanaged measure of changes in stock market conditions based on the average performance of stocks of 500 large U.S. companies.

 

In addition, in an effort to hedge against equity volatility, enhance returns, or for liquidity purposes, the Adviser will invest a portion of the Fund’s assets in cash or cash equivalents including, but not limited to, short-term investment funds, obligations issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, and/or bonds, notes, or similar debt obligations issued by U.S. or foreign corporations or special- purpose entities backed by corporate debt obligations. These cash and cash equivalents may be utilized outside of or within the Fund’s three principal strategies, or both.

 

The Adviser anticipates that, based upon its analysis of long-term historical returns and volatility of various asset classes, the Fund will allocate approximately 15-30% of its assets, in the aggregate, to the S&P 500 and Protection Strategies, and approximately 15-25% of its assets to the Futures Overlay Strategy, with the balance of the Fund’s assets being allocated to cash and cash equivalents. However, as market conditions change the allocations may be higher or lower.

 

The strategies employed by the Fund are:

 

The S&P 500 Strategy seeks to correspond generally with the returns of the S&P 500 Index through use of S&P 500 Index futures contracts. The index futures contracts are expected to represent, in aggregate, up to 120% of the value of the Fund’s net assets.

 

Under the Protection Strategy, which seeks to provide downside protection in declining markets, the Fund purchases long dated put options on the S&P 500 Index. The put options are expected to cover 100% of the Fund’s net asset value and will be rolled 2-4 months before expiration in order to establish longer dated protection and to mitigate the time decay (theta) associated with owning the options. The strike levels for the put options are expected to be at or near the money.

 

The Futures Overlay Strategy is designed to produce capital appreciation and diversification. The Fund executes its Futures Overlay Strategy by investing up to 25% of its total assets (measured at the time of purchase) in a wholly owned and controlled subsidiary organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Subsidiary”). The Subsidiary transacts in a swap or option contract that provides exposure to a private investment vehicle organized under Delaware law (the “Commodity Fund”). New Hyde Park Alternative Funds, LLC (“NHPAF”), an unaffiliated entity and registered commodity trading adviser (“CTA”) and commodity pool operator (“CPO”), serves as the CPO and CTA for the Commodity Fund. NHPAF maintains sole investment discretion and investment decision-making authority for the Commodity Fund. The Commodity Fund, in turn, invests in a variety of commodity-based sub-strategies. The sub-strategies in which the Commodity Fund invests employ a combination of futures, forwards, options, spot contracts, or swaps, each of which may be tied to stock indices, precious metals, industrial metals, energy resources, currencies, interest rates, or agricultural products. The swap or option contract entered into by the Subsidiary may also be used as a substitute for direct exposure to commodities and for hedging. By utilizing a swap or option contract to gain exposure to the Commodity Fund, such transaction will generally have payments linked to commodity or financial derivatives that are designed to produce returns similar to those of the Commodity Fund. The Futures Overlay Strategy is designed to be diversified and the commodity-based sub-strategies underlying the Commodity Fund are not expected to have returns that are highly correlated to each other or the equity markets. The Fund’s Adviser also serves as the investment adviser

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of the Subsidiary, and the Subsidiary is subject to the same investment restrictions as the Fund. The Fund does not utilize more than 25% of its assets in contracts with any one counterparty.

 

The sub-strategies of the Commodity Fund are selected for their alternative investment market niche (investments other than stocks and bonds), historical performance, management accessibility, industry experience and credibility, as well as the stability and consistency of the investment processes and methodologies. The Fund and Adviser have no control over the Commodity Fund and no authority to make investment decisions on its behalf. However, the Adviser monitors the commodity-based sub-strategies in which the Commodity Fund invests to determine whether it has investment exposures consistent with the goals of the Futures Overlay Strategy. The Adviser then causes the Fund to invest in the Subsidiary and the Subsidiary to transact in a swap or option providing exposure to the Commodity Fund on that basis.

 

With respect to the S&P 500 Strategy and Protection Strategy, the Adviser employs a risk management process that facilitates ongoing attention to the historical return performance of the Fund’s portfolio holdings, including the interaction or correlation of returns between investments/ strategies within the Commodity Fund. Using this risk management process, the Adviser believes the Fund, over time, will provide the potential for reducing volatility and, as a result, will correlate to the equities markets during periods of market appreciation and will not be highly correlated to the equities markets during periods of market depreciation.

 

The Fund does not currently intend to create or acquire primary control of any entity which engages in investment activities in securities or other assets, other than entities wholly owned by the Fund.

 

The overall investment strategy of the Fund acknowledges a broad range of economic outcomes and is designed to outperform the S&P 500 Index over a full market cycle. In summary, the S&P 500 Strategy seeks to correspond generally with the returns of the S&P 500 Index through use of index futures contracts. The Futures Overlay strategy seeks to provide capital appreciation and reduce volatility through exposure to one or more diversified baskets of investment strategies, which may include a variety of derivative instruments and other investments. The Protection Strategy seeks to provide downside protection in declining markets by using long dated index put options. Together, the strategies seek to provide equity-like returns with less volatility than the overall market. Additionally, the remainder of the Fund’s assets will be held in cash or cash equivalent investments for liquidity purposes, for hedging purposes, or to enhance returns. The Adviser's intended result is dynamic equity exposure in the Fund, allowing for equity returns in appreciating markets and capital protection in declining markets.

 

The Fund is non-diversified, which means that the Fund may hold larger positions in fewer securities than other funds.

 

Additional Information Regarding Principal Investment Risks

 

The following risks apply to the Fund’s direct investments in securities and derivatives as well as the Fund’s indirect risks through the Fund’s indirect exposure to the Commodity Fund obtained through the Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary:

 

Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends upon the Adviser’s analysis of various factors and the Adviser’s ability to select the appropriate mix of asset classes based on its analysis of such factors, which may prove incorrect. The Fund may experience losses or poor relative performance if the Adviser allocates a significant portion of the Fund’s assets to an asset class that does not perform as the Adviser anticipated, including relative to other asset classes. The Fund may underperform funds that allocate their assets differently than the Fund.

 

Commodity Risk. Investing in the commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. Commodity prices may be influenced by unfavorable weather, animal and plant disease, geologic and environmental factors as well as changes in government regulation such as tariffs, embargoes or burdensome production rules and restrictions.

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New Fund Risk. The Fund is newly-formed. Accordingly, investors in the Fund bear the risk that the Fund’s Adviser may not be successful in implementing the Fund’s investment strategy, and may not employ a successful investment strategy, any of which could result in the Fund being liquidated at any time without shareholder approval and at a time that may not be favorable for all shareholders. Such a liquidation could have negative tax consequences for shareholders.

 

Market Events Risk. Disruptive events with geopolitical consequences, including pandemics (such as COVID-19), may destabilize various countries’ economies and markets, which may experience increased volatility and reduced liquidity. Policy changes by the Federal Reserve and/or other government actors could similarly cause increased volatility in financial markets. Trade barriers and other protectionist trade policies (including those in the U.S.) may also result in market turbulence. Market volatility and reductions in market liquidity may negatively affect issuers worldwide, including issuers in which the Fund invests.

 

Leverage Risk. The Fund obtains investment exposure in excess of its assets in seeking to achieve its investment objective — a form of leverage. Leverage transactions, including investing in certain derivatives such as futures contracts and options, create the risk of magnified capital losses. The use of leverage may increase (or decrease) the Fund’s return when the Fund earns a greater (or lesser) return on leveraged investments than the cost of the leverage. The effect of leverage on the Fund’s returns may be magnified by market movements or changes in the cost of leveraging. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so in order to satisfy its obligations. The use of leverage may also cause the fund to have higher expenses than those of mutual funds that do not use such techniques.

 

Model and Data Risk. Given the complexity of the investments and strategies of the Fund, the Adviser relies heavily on quantitative models supplied by third parties and information and data supplied by third parties (“Models and Data”). Models and Data are used to construct sets of transactions and investments, to provide risk management insights, and to assist in hedging the Fund’s investments.

 

When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon expose the Fund to potential risks. Similarly, any hedging based on faulty Models and Data may prove to be unsuccessful. Some of the models used by the Adviser for the Fund are predictive in nature. The use of predictive models has inherent risks. Because predictive models are usually constructed based on historical data supplied by third parties, the success of relying on such models may depend heavily on the accuracy and reliability of the supplied historical data.

 

All models rely on correct market data inputs. If incorrect market data is entered into even a well-founded model, the resulting information will be incorrect. However, even if market data is input correctly, “model prices” will often differ substantially from market prices, especially for instruments with complex characteristics, such as derivative instruments.

 

Hedging Risk. Gains or losses from positions in hedging instruments, such as options, may be much greater than the instrument’s original cost. The counterparty may be unable to honor its financial obligation to the Fund. In addition, the Fund may be unable to close the transaction at the time and price the Adviser would like. This may result in a loss to the Fund. The decision as to whether and to what extent the Fund will engage in hedging transactions to hedge against certain risks, such as market risk and issuer risk, will depend on a number of factors, including prevailing market conditions, the composition of the portfolio of the Fund, and the availability of suitable transactions. Hedging transactions involve costs and may result in losses. There can be no assurance that the Fund will engage in hedging transactions at any given time or from time to time, even under volatile market environments, or that any such strategies, if used, will be successful. The degree of protection provided by the Protection Strategy will vary depending on the size of the Protection Strategy

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(expected to be 100% of NAV) versus the size of the S&P 500 Strategy (which can be as high as 120% of NAV), as well as the strike prices of put options used in the Protection Strategy. When the S&P Strategy is larger than the Protection Strategy, protection will be incomplete. When the strike prices used in the Protection Strategy are significantly lower than current market levels, greater losses can occur before the protection provided by the put options is effective.

 

Fixed Income Risk. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned by the Fund. The value of fixed income securities typically falls when an issuer’s credit quality declines and may even become worthless if an issuer defaults.

 

U.S. Treasury and Agency Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury or its agencies and instrumentalities. Certain of these agency or instrumentality securities the Fund may purchase are backed only by the credit of the agency or instrumentality and not by the full faith and credit of the United States. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government would provide financial support to its agencies and instrumentalities if not required to do so by law. Securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government that are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity and the market prices for such securities will fluctuate. In addition, the value of U.S. government securities may be affected by changes in the credit rating of the U.S. government.

 

Equity Risk. The Fund will gain exposure to equity securities through investments in futures contracts. Equity securities, which include common stocks, may decline in value because of changes in the price of a particular holding or a broad stock market decline. Common stock ranks below preferred stock and debt securities in claims for dividends and for assets of the company in a liquidation or bankruptcy. The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to the issuer of a security or broader economic or market events including changes in interest rates.

 

Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified. Performance of a non-diversified fund may be more volatile than performance of a diversified fund because a non-diversified fund may invest a greater percentage of its total assets in a single investment, potentially making the Fund more susceptible to financial, economic or market events impacting that investment.

 

Derivative Instruments Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that have a value which depends upon, or is derived from, a reference asset, such as one or more underlying securities, pools of securities, options, futures, indexes or currencies. Derivatives may result in investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest; in other words, a small transaction in a derivative may have a large impact on the Fund’s performance. The Fund could experience a loss if derivatives do not perform as anticipated or if the Fund is unable to liquidate a position because of an illiquid secondary market.

 

Futures Contracts Risk. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts are (i) the imperfect correlation between the price of the contract and the change in value of the underlying asset; (ii) possible lack of a liquid secondary market for a futures contract and the resulting inability to close such a contract when desired; (iii) losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited; (iv) the inability to predict correctly the direction of securities prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors; (v) the possibility that the counterparty to a contract will default in the performance of its obligations; and (vi) if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell investments to meet daily variation margin requirements on a futures contract, and the Fund may have to sell investments at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.

 

Indexed Securities and Derivatives Risk. If the derivative is linked to the performance of an index, it will be subject to the risks associated with changes in that index. The value of such security or derivative will fluctuate based on changes in the value of the index to which the security or derivative is linked. Changes in the value of an index may be difficult to predict and it is possible that an investment in a security or derivative linked to an index may cause the value of the Fund to decrease. Certain indexed securities may create leverage, to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate that is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index.

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Options Risk. The price of an option, which is a function of interest rates, volatility, dividends, the exercise price, stock price and other market factors, may change rapidly over time. Price valuations or market movements may not justify purchasing options on individual securities, stock indexes or ETFs, or, if purchased, the options may expire unexercised, causing the Fund to lose the premium paid for the options. The value of the Fund’s positions in equity index options will fluctuate in response to changes in the value of the underlying index. The Fund also risks losing all or part of the cash paid for purchasing put options. Unusual market conditions or the lack of a ready market for any particular option at a specific time may reduce the effectiveness of the Fund’s option strategies, and for these and other reasons, the Fund’s option strategies may not reduce the Fund’s volatility to the extent desired and could result in losses. Furthermore, the Fund’s options-based Overlay and Protection Strategies may not fully protect it against market declines because the Fund will continue to bear the risk of a decline in the value of its portfolio securities.

 

Swaps Risk. Swaps are subject to tracking risk because they may not be perfect substitutes for the instruments they are intended to hedge or replace. Over the counter swaps are subject to counterparty default. Leverage inherent in derivatives will tend to magnify the Fund's losses.

 

Counterparty Risk. The Fund may enter into financial instruments or transactions with a counterparty, including derivative instruments and transactions. A counterparty may become bankrupt or otherwise fail to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, jeopardizing the value of the Fund’s investment.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. To the extent the Fund holds cash and cash equivalents positions, even strategically, the Fund risks achieving lower returns and potential lost opportunities to participate in market appreciation, which could negatively impact the Fund’s performance and ability to achieve its investment objective. This is particularly true when the market for other investments in which the Fund may invest is rapidly rising.

 

Performance Based Fee Risk. Performance-based fees create certain inherent conflicts of interest with respect to the Adviser’s management of assets. Specifically, the Adviser’s entitlement to a performance-based fee in managing the Fund may create an incentive for the Adviser to take risks in managing assets that the Adviser would not otherwise take in the absence of such arrangements. In addition, since performance-based fees reward the Adviser for strong performance in accounts which are subject to such fees, such as the Fund, the Adviser may have an incentive to favor these accounts over those that have only asset-based fees (i.e., fees based simply on the amount of assets under management in an account) with respect to areas such as trading opportunities, trade allocation, and allocation of new investment opportunities. This potential conflict has been reduced by the Adviser’s adoption of trade allocation and trade aggregation policies and procedures. Please refer to the section entitled, “Investment Adviser,” below, for more information regarding the performance-based fee. 

 

Tax Risk. Certain of the Fund’s investment strategies may be subject to special tax rules, the effect of which may have adverse tax consequences for the Fund. By investing in commodities indirectly through the Subsidiary, the Fund intends to obtain exposure to the commodities markets within the U.S. federal tax requirements that apply to the Fund. However, because the Subsidiary is a controlled foreign corporation, any income received from its investments will be passed through to the Fund as ordinary income, which may be taxed at less favorable rates than capital gains. The Subsidiary will, no less than annually, declare and distribute a dividend to the Fund, as the sole shareholder of the Subsidiary, in an amount approximately equal to the total amount of "Subpart F" income (as defined in Section 951 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) generated by or expected to be generated by the Subsidiary's investments during the fiscal year. If the Subsidiary were to fail to make sufficient dividend distributions to the Fund, all or a portion of the income from the Fund's investment in the Subsidiary might not be qualifying income, and the Fund might not qualify as a regulated investment company for one or more years and, as a result, the Fund would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation, and distributions to its shareholders would not be deductible by the Fund in computing its taxable income. The failure by the Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company would have significant negative tax consequences to Fund shareholders and would affect a shareholder’s return on its investment in the Fund.

 

Wholly-Owned Subsidiary Risk. By investing in the Subsidiary, the Fund is indirectly exposed to the commodities risks associated with the Subsidiary’s investments in commodity-related instruments. Shareholders of the Fund will indirectly be subject to the principal risks of the Subsidiary by virtue of the Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary. There can be no assurance that the Subsidiary’s investments will contribute to the Fund’s returns. The Subsidiary is not registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and, unless otherwise noted in this Prospectus, is not subject to all of the investor protections of the 1940 Act. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Fund and the Subsidiary, respectively, are organized, could result in the inability of the Fund and/or Subsidiary to operate as described in this Prospectus and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders. Your cost of investing in the Fund will be higher because you indirectly bear the expenses of the Subsidiary.

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MANAGEMENT

 

The SafeGuard Core One Fund (the “Fund”) is a series of Forum Funds II (the “Trust”), an open-end, management investment company (mutual fund). The Board of Trustees (the “Board”) oversees the management of the Fund and meets periodically to review the Fund’s performance, monitor investment activities and practices and discuss other matters affecting the Fund. Additional information regarding the Board and the Trust’s executive officers may be found in the Fund’s SAI, which is available from the Fund’s website at www.safeguardam.com.

 

Investment Adviser

 

The Fund’s investment adviser is SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC (the “Adviser”), 307 Stonyhill Drive, Chalfont, Pennsylvania 18914. The Adviser is a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and provides investment advisory services to the Fund. The Adviser is also registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) as a commodity pool operator (“CPO”) with respect to the Fund.

 

Subject to the general oversight of the Board, the Adviser makes investment decisions for the Fund pursuant to an investment advisory agreement between the Adviser and the Trust, on behalf of the Fund (the “Advisory Agreement”).

 

For its services to the Fund, the Adviser is entitled to a management fee (the “Management Fee”), which is calculated and accrued daily, at an annual rate based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The Management Fee, if not waived, is paid monthly by the Fund, and consists of (i) an initial fee calculated at a rate of 1.00% of average daily net assets during the Initial Performance Period (defined below) and, thereafter, (ii) a base fee of 1.50% (the “Base Fee”) that is adjusted upward or downward depending upon the total return performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares relative to that of the S&P 500 Index.

 

During the first 12 months of the Fund’s operations (the “Initial Performance Period”), the Management Fee is calculated at a rate of 1.00% of the Fund’s average daily net assets, subjest to the Expense Cap (as defined below).. After the Initial Performance Period, the Management Fee consists of a Base Fee that is adjusted upward or downward by a performance adjustment (the “Performance Adjustment”) that depends on whether, and to what extent, the total return performance of the Fund as measured by the Institutional Shares exceeds, or is exceeded by, the total return performance of the S&P 500 Index plus 7.50% (750 basis points) (the “Index Hurdle”) over the Performance Period. For this purpose, the “Performance Period,” i.e., the period over which performance is measured, consists of a rolling 12-month period ending on the last day of the prior month. No Performance Adjustment will be made during the Initial Performance Period.

 

The Performance Adjustment, once effective, is calculated and accrued daily, according to a schedule that adds or subtracts 0.10% (10 basis points) of the Fund’s average daily net assets for each 0.50% (50 basis points) of relative performance by which the total return performance of the Fund as measured by the Institutional Shares (after expenses) exceeds or lags the total return performance of the Index Hurdle for the Performance Period. The maximum Performance Adjustment (positive or negative) will not exceed an annualized rate of +/- 1.50% (150 basis points) of the Fund’s average daily net assets. The maximum positive Performance Adjustment would occur when the performance of the Institutional Shares (after expenses) exceeds the performance of the Index Hurdle by 7.50% (750 basis points) for the Performance Period; the maximum negative Performance Adjustment would occur when the performance of the Institutional Shares (after expenses) is exceeded by the performance of the Index Hurdle minus 7.50%.

 

The Base Fee shall be calculated by applying a rate of 1.50% to the Fund’s average daily net assets over the 12-month period ending on the last day of the prior month, and multiplying the resulting amount by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of days in the last month of the Performance Period and the denominator of which shall be 365. The resulting dollar amount comprises the Base Fee.

 

The Base Fee discussed above represents the Management Fee in the event that the performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares equals the performance of the Index Hurdle during a Performance Period. Depending on the Fund’s assets and the performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares, the Management Fee will range from the minimum fees set forth below (in the event that the performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares is equal to or lower than the performance of

13 

 

the S&P 500 Index) to the maximum fees set forth below (in the event that the performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares exceeds the performance of the S&P 500 Index by 15.00% or more).

 

Minimum Fee Base Fee* Maximum Fee
0.00% 1.50% 3.00%

 

*During the Initial Performance Period, the Management Fee is 1.00% of average daily net assets and is not subject to a Performance Adjustment.

 

The amount of the Performance Adjustment shall equal (i) the average daily net assets of the Fund over the Performance Period, i.e., the 12-month period ending on the last day of the prior month, multiplied by (ii) the Performance Adjustment rate, multiplied by (iii) the numerator of which shall be the number of days in the last month of the Performance Period and the denominator of which shall be 365. The resulting dollar figure will be added to, or subtracted from, the Base Fee depending on whether the Fund experienced better or worse performance than the Index Hurdle.

 

A Performance Adjustment will not be based on whether the performance of the Fund as measured by the Institutional Shares is positive or negative, but rather based on whether such performance exceeds or is exceeded by the Index Hurdle. The Fund could pay a Performance Adjustment for positive relative performance even if the Institutional Shares decreases in value, so long as the performance of the Institutional Shares exceeds that of the Index Hurdle. Because each Performance Period begins on the first day of a month and ends on the last day of the ensuing 12-month period, it is possible that, if you buy shares of the Fund after the beginning of a Performance Period, you will bear a share of a Performance Adjustment payable by the Fund based on performance that preceded your purchase and from which you therefore did not benefit. In addition, any then-effective Expense Cap (as defined below) will be applied for purposes of measuring the Fund’s performance against the Index Hurdle, which may impact the Performance Adjustment in a way that is favorable to the Adviser.

 

If the performance of the Fund’s Investor Shares was compared to the performance of the S&P 500 Index to determine the Performance Adjustment, the Performance Adjustment applied to the Base Fee would be less, and thus shareholders would pay a lower overall Management Fee than if the Performance Adjustment was based on the performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares, because Investor Shares have higher expenses than Institutional Shares.

 

The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fee and/or reimburse Fund expenses to limit the Fund’s Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement to 0.25%, subject to exclusions, through January 1, 2024 (“Expense Cap”). The following categories of expenses are excluded from the Expense Cap and will be borne by the Fund, even to the extent such expense causes the Fund’s Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/ or Expense Reimbursement to exceed the stated Expense Cap: the management fee, all taxes, interest, portfolio transaction expenses, class-specific distribution and service (Rule 12b-1) fees, brokerage commissions, dividend and interest expenses on short sales, acquired fund fees and expenses, proxy expenses and extraordinary expenses. The Expense Cap may only be raised or eliminated with the consent of the Board of Trustees. The Adviser may recoup from the Fund fees waived and expenses reimbursed by the Adviser pursuant to the Expense Cap if such recoupment is made within three years of the fee waiver or expense reimbursement and does not cause the Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement of the Fund (i.e., after the recoupment has been taken into account) to exceed the lesser of (i) the then current expense cap and (ii) the expense cap in place at the time the fees/expenses were waived or reimbursed. Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/ or Expense Reimbursement will increase commensurate with the applicability of the above-listed exclusions from the Expense Cap.

 

The Adviser also serves as the investment adviser to the Subsidiary pursuant to an investment advisory agreement between the Adviser and the Subsidiary (the “Subsidiary Agreement”). The Adviser does not receive separate compensation from the Subsidiary.

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A discussion summarizing the basis on which the Board last approved the Advisory Agreement for the Fund, and the basis on which the Board last approved the Subsidiary Agreement, will be included in the Fund’s annual report for the period ending December 31, 2022, once available.

 

Portfolio Manager

 

Joseph Gabor has been the Portfolio Manager for the Fund since its inception in December 2022 and is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.

 

Joseph Gabor, CIO. Mr. Gabor is President, Chief Investment Officer, and Head of Product Development of the Adviser and is responsible for product development and investment strategy with oversight of trading functions and fund operations. He was formerly a Partner at Brandywine Asset Management, Managing Director of Equity Capital Markets at Direct Access Partners, Head of Equity Capital Markets at Miller Tabak + Co. and Partner and Managing Director at Cantor Fitzgerald. Mr. Gabor has over 25-years of investment experience in structured products, futures and options, equities and equity derivatives, and market neutral strategies He manages the day-to-day execution of the investment strategy and works closely with Safeguard’s affiliated partners.

 

The SAI provides additional information about the compensation of the portfolio manager, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager and the ownership of Fund shares by the portfolio manager.

 

Other Service Providers

 

Atlantic Fund Administration, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Apex US Holdings LLC (d/b/a Apex Fund Services) (“Apex”), provides fund accounting, fund administration, and compliance services to the Fund and the Trust and supplies certain officers of the Trust, including a Principal Executive Officer, a Principal Financial Officer, a Chief Compliance Officer, an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer and additional compliance support personnel. Atlantic Shareholder Services, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Apex, provides transfer agency services to the Fund and the Trust.

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Foreside Financial Group, LLC (d/b/a ACA Group), acts as the agent of the Trust in connection with the continuous offering of Fund shares. The Distributor may enter into arrangements with banks, broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries through which investors may purchase or redeem shares. The Distributor is not affiliated with the Adviser or with Apex or their affiliates.

 

Fund Expenses

 

The Fund is charged for those expenses that are directly attributable to it, while other expenses are allocated proportionately among the Fund and other series of the Trust based upon methods approved by the Board. The Adviser or other service providers may waive all or any portion of their fees and may reimburse certain expenses of the Fund. Service provider waivers may be different in dollar and percentage amount for different classes of the Fund, as applicable, may be voluntary, and do not affect the Adviser’s contractual waiver. To the extent that a service provider is waiving fees and/or reimbursing expenses pursuant to a contractual arrangement, such waivers and/or reimbursements may be reflected in the Fund’s Fees and Expenses table. Any agreement to waive fees or to reimburse expenses increases the investment performance of the Fund and its share classes for the period during which the waiver or reimbursement is in effect. Current Adviser fee waiver and/or expense reimbursements are reflected in the section titled “Fees and Expenses.”

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YOUR ACCOUNT

 

How to Contact the Fund

 

Website Address:

www.safeguardam.com

 

E-mail the Fund at:

Sgfunds.ta@apexfs.com

 

Write the Fund:

SafeGuard Core One Fund

P.O. Box 588

Portland, Maine 04112

 

Overnight Address:

SafeGuard Core One Fund

c/o Apex Fund Services

Three Canal Plaza, Ground Floor

Portland, Maine 04101

 

Telephone the Fund at:

(844) 347-2140 (toll free)

 

Wire investments (or ACH payments):

Please contact the transfer agent at (844) 347-2140 (toll free) to obtain the ABA routing number and account number for the Fund.

 

General Information

 

You may purchase or sell (redeem) shares of the Fund on any day that the NYSE is open for business. Notwithstanding this fact, the Fund may, only in the case of an emergency, calculate its NAV and accept and process shareholder orders when the NYSE is closed.

 

You may purchase or sell shares of the Fund at the next NAV calculated (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) after the transfer agent or your approved broker-dealer or other financial intermediary receives your request in good order. “Good order” means that you have provided sufficient information necessary to process your request as outlined in this Prospectus, including any required signatures, documents, payment and Medallion Signature Guarantees. All requests to purchase or sell Fund shares received in good order prior to the Fund’s close will receive that day’s NAV. Requests received in good order after the Fund’s close or on a day when the Fund does not value its shares will be processed on the next business day and will be priced at the next NAV. The Fund cannot accept orders that request a particular day or price for the transaction or any other special conditions.

 

Shares of the Fund will only be issued against full payment, as described more fully in this Prospectus and the SAI. The Fund does not issue share certificates.

 

If you purchase shares directly from the Fund, you will receive a confirmation of each transaction and quarterly statements detailing Fund balances and all transactions completed during the prior quarter. Automatic reinvestments of distributions and systematic investments and withdrawals may be confirmed only by quarterly statement. You should verify the accuracy of all transactions in your account as soon as you receive your confirmations and quarterly statements.

 

The Fund may temporarily suspend or discontinue any service or privilege, including systematic investments and withdrawals, wire redemption privileges and telephone or internet redemption privileges, if applicable. The Fund reserves the right to refuse any purchase request, including, but not limited to, requests that could adversely affect the Fund or its operations. If the Fund were to refuse any purchase request, it would notify the purchaser within two business days of receiving a purchase request in good order.

 

If your account is deemed abandoned or unclaimed by applicable state law, the Fund may be required to “escheat” or transfer the property to the appropriate state’s unclaimed property administration. Certain states have laws that allow shareholders to name a representative to receive notice of abandoned property (“escheatment”) by submitting a designation form, which generally can be found on the official state website. In such states, if a shareholder designates a representative to receive escheatment notices, any notice generally will be delivered as required by the state’s laws. A completed designation form should be mailed to the Fund (if shares are held directly with the Fund) or to the shareholder’s financial intermediary. Shareholders should check their state’s official website to get more information on escheatment law(s).

 

NAV Determination. The NAV of the Fund is determined by taking the value of the assets of the Fund, subtracting the value of the liabilities of the Fund and then dividing the result (net assets) by the number of outstanding shares of the Fund. The Fund calculates its NAV as of the close of trading on the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time). The NYSE is open every weekday other than NYSE holidays and early closings, which are published at www.nyse.com and subject to change without notice.

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To the extent that the Fund’s portfolio investments trade in markets on weekends or other days when the Fund does not price its shares, the net asset value of the Fund’s shares may change on those days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or redeem the Fund’s shares. In addition, trading in certain portfolio investments may not occur on days when the Fund is open for business, as markets or exchanges other than the NYSE may be closed.

 

The Fund values securities at current market value, where market quotations are readily available, using the last reported sales price. In the absence of a readily available market price, or if the Adviser, in its capacity as the Fund’s Valuation Designee, reasonably believes that a market price is unreliable, the Adviser, as the Fund’s Valuation Designee, will seek to value such securities at fair value, as determined in good faith using procedures approved by the Board.

 

The Board has designated the Adviser as the Valuation Designee pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act and delegated to the Adviser the responsibility for making fair value determinations with respect to the fund’s portfolio securities. The Adviser, as the Valuation Designee, is responsible for periodically assessing any material risks associated with the determination of the fair value of the fund’s investments; establishing and applying fair value methodologies; testing the appropriateness of fair value methodologies; and overseeing and evaluating third-party pricing services. Fair valuation may be based on subjective factors. As a result, the fair value price of a security may not be the price at which the security may be sold. Fair valuation could result in a different NAV than a NAV determined by using market quotations.

 

Transactions Through Financial Intermediaries. The Fund has authorized certain financial services companies, broker-dealers, banks and other agents, including the designees of such entities (collectively, “financial intermediaries”), to accept purchase and redemption orders on the Fund’s behalf. If you invest through a financial intermediary, the policies and fees of the financial intermediary may be different from the policies and fees you would be subject to if you had invested directly in the Fund. Among other things, financial intermediaries may charge transaction fees and may set different minimum investment restrictions or limitations on buying or selling Fund shares. You should consult your broker or another representative of your financial intermediary for more information.

 

The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when a financial intermediary that is an agent of the Fund for the purpose of accepting orders receives the order. All orders to purchase or sell shares are processed as of the next NAV calculated after the order has been received in good order by a financial intermediary. Orders are accepted until the close of trading on the NYSE every business day (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) and are processed, including by financial intermediaries, at that day’s NAV.

 

Payments to Financial Intermediaries. The Fund, at its own expense, may pay additional compensation to financial intermediaries for shareholder-related services, including administrative, recordkeeping and shareholder communication services. In addition, pursuant to any applicable Rule 12b-1 plan, the Fund may pay compensation to financial intermediaries for distribution-related services. For example, compensation may be paid to make Fund shares available to sales representatives and/or customers of a fund supermarket platform or a similar program sponsor or for services provided in connection with such fund supermarket platforms and programs. To the extent that the Fund pays all or a portion of such compensation, the payment is designed to compensate the financial intermediary for distribution activities or for providing services that would otherwise be provided by the Fund’s transfer agent and/or administrator.

 

The Adviser or another Fund affiliate, out of its own resources and not as an expense of the Fund, may provide additional compensation to financial intermediaries. Such compensation is sometimes referred to as “revenue sharing.” Compensation received by a financial intermediary from the Adviser or another Fund affiliate may include payments for shareholder servicing, marketing and/or training expenses incurred by the financial intermediary, including expenses incurred by the financial intermediary in educating its salespersons with respect to Fund shares. For example, such compensation may include reimbursements for expenses incurred in attending educational seminars regarding the Fund, including travel and lodging expenses. It may also cover costs incurred by financial intermediaries in connection with their efforts to sell Fund shares, including costs incurred in compensating registered sales representatives and preparing, printing and distributing sales literature.

 

The amount of compensation paid to different financial intermediaries may vary. The compensation paid to a financial intermediary may be based on a variety of factors, including average assets under management in accounts distributed

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and/or serviced by the financial intermediary, gross sales by the financial intermediary and/or the number of accounts serviced by the financial intermediary that invest in the Fund.

 

Any compensation received by a financial intermediary, whether from the Fund, the Adviser or another affiliate, and the prospect of receiving such compensation, may provide the financial intermediary with an incentive to recommend the shares of the Fund, or a certain class of shares of the Fund, over other potential investments. Similarly, the compensation may cause financial intermediaries to elevate the prominence of the Fund within its organization by, for example, placing it on a list of preferred funds.

 

Anti-Money Laundering Program. Customer identification and verification are part of the Fund’s overall obligation to deter money laundering under federal law. The Trust’s Anti-Money Laundering Program is designed to prevent the Fund from being used for money laundering or the financing of terrorist activities. In this regard, the Fund reserves the right, to the extent permitted by law, (1) to refuse, cancel or rescind any purchase order or (2) to freeze any account and/or suspend account services. These actions will be taken when, at the sole discretion of Trust management, they are deemed to be in the best interest of the Fund or in cases when the Fund is requested or compelled to do so by governmental or law enforcement authorities or applicable law. If your account is closed at the request of governmental or law enforcement authorities, you may not receive proceeds of the redemption if the Fund is required to withhold such proceeds.

 

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings. A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of portfolio securities is available in the Fund’s SAI, which is available on the Fund’s website at www.safeguardam.com.

 

Choosing a Share Class

 

The Fund offers two classes of shares: Institutional Shares and Investor Shares. Each class has a different combination of purchase restrictions and ongoing fees, allowing you to choose the class that best meets your needs.

 

Institutional Shares. Institutional Shares of the Fund are designed for individual investors who meet the minimum investment threshold and for institutional investors (such as investment advisers, financial institutions, corporations, trusts, estates and religious and charitable organizations) investing for proprietary programs and firm discretionary accounts. Institutional Shares are sold without the imposition of initial sales charges and are not subject to Rule 12b-1 fees.

 

Investor Shares. Investor Shares of the Fund are for retail investors who invest in the Fund directly or through a fund supermarket or other investment platform. Investor Shares are not sold with the imposition of initial sales charges but are subject to a Rule 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%% of the Investor Shares’’ average daily net assets. A lower minimum initial investment is required to purchase Investor Shares.

 

  Institutional Shares Investor Shares
Minimum Initial Investment $5,000 $100
Sales Charges None None
Rule 12b-1 Distribution Fees None 0.25%

 

Under certain circumstances, an investor’s investment in one class of shares of the Fund may be converted into an investment in another class of shares of the Fund, for example, if the investor no longer meets the eligibility criteria for holding a particular class of shares due to investment minimum or other ownership requirements. Shareholders will be notified in advance of any such conversion and provided an opportunity to cure. Such conversion will be effected at NAV without the imposition of any fees or charges. No gain or loss will generally be recognized for federal income tax purposes as a result of such a conversion, and a shareholder’s basis in the acquired shares will be the same as such shareholder’s basis in the converted shares. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the state and local tax consequences of such a conversion, or any exchange of shares.

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Buying Shares

 

How to Make Payments. Unless purchased through a financial intermediary, all investments must be made by check, Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) or wire. All checks must be payable in U.S. dollars and drawn on U.S. financial institutions. In the absence of the granting of an exception consistent with the Trust’s Anti-Money Laundering Program, the Fund does not accept purchases made by credit card check, starter check, checks with more than one endorsement (unless the check is payable to all endorsees), cash or cash equivalents (for instance, you may not pay by money order, cashier’s check, bank draft or traveler’s check). The Fund and the Adviser also reserve the right to accept in kind contributions of securities in exchange for shares of the Fund.

 

Checks. Checks must be made payable to “SafeGuard Core One Fund”. For individual, sole proprietorship, joint, Uniform Gifts to Minors Act (“UGMA”) and Uniform Transfers to Minors Act (“UTMA”) accounts, checks may be made payable to one or more owners of the account and endorsed to “SafeGuard Core One Fund”. A $20 charge may be imposed on any returned checks.

 

ACH. The Automated Clearing House system maintained by the Federal Reserve Bank allows banks to process checks, transfer funds and perform other tasks. Your U.S. financial institution may charge you a fee for this service.

 

Wires. You may instruct the U.S. financial institution with which you have an account to make a federal funds wire payment to the Fund. Your U.S. financial institution may charge you a fee for this service.

 

Minimum Investments. The Fund accepts investments in the following minimum amounts:

 

Institutional Shares Investor Shares
Minimum
Initial
Investment
Minimum
Additional
Investment
Minimum
Initial
Investment
Minimum
Additional
Investment
Standard Accounts $5,000 None $100 None
Retirement Accounts $5,000 None $100 None

 

The Fund reserves the right to waive minimum investment amounts, if deemed appropriate by an officer of the Trust.

 

Registered investment advisers and financial planners may be permitted to aggregate the value of accounts in order to meet minimum investment amounts.

 

There is no initial or subsequent investment minimum for directors, officers and employees of the Adviser or the spouse, sibling, direct ancestor, or direct descendent (collectively, “relatives”) of any such person, any trust or individual retirement account or self-employed retirement plan for the benefit of any such person or relative, or the estate of any such person or relative.

 

Account Requirements. The following table describes the requirements to establish certain types of accounts in the Fund.

 

Type of Account Requirement

Individual, Sole Proprietorship and Joint Accounts

•   Individual accounts and sole proprietorship accounts are owned by one person. Joint accounts have two or more owners (tenants).

•   Instructions must be signed by all persons named as account owners exactly as their names appear on the account.

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Type of Account Requirement

Gifts or Transfers to a Minor (UGMA, UTMA)

•  These custodial accounts are owned by a minor child but controlled by an adult custodian.

•   Depending on state laws, you may set up a custodial account under  the UGMA or the UTMA.

•   The custodian must sign instructions in a manner indicating  custodial capacity.

Corporations/Other Entities

•  These accounts are owned by the entity, but control is exercised by its officers, partners or other management.

•  The entity should submit a certified copy of its articles of incorporation (or a government-issued business license or other document that reflects the existence of the entity) and a corporate resolution or a secretary’s certificate.

Trusts

•  These accounts are controlled by a trustee as a way to convey and control assets for the benefit of a third-party owner.

•   The trust must be established before an account may be opened.

•   The trust should provide the first and signature pages from the trust  document identifying the trustees.

  

Account Application and Customer Identity Verification. To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account.

 

When you open an account, the Fund will ask for your first and last name, U.S. taxpayer identification number (“TIN”), physical street address, date of birth and other information or documents that will allow the Fund to identify you. If you do not supply the required information, the Fund will attempt to contact you or, if applicable, your financial adviser. If the Fund cannot obtain the required information within a timeframe established in its sole discretion, your application will be rejected.

 

When your application is in good order and includes all required information, your order will normally be processed at the NAV next calculated after receipt of your application and investment amount. The Fund will attempt to verify your identity using the information that you have supplied and other information about you that is available from third parties, including information available in public and private databases, such as consumer reports from credit reporting agencies.

 

The Fund will try to verify your identity within a timeframe established in its sole discretion. If the Fund cannot do so, the Fund reserves the right to redeem your investment at the next NAV calculated after the Fund decides to close your account. If your account is closed, you may realize a gain or loss on the Fund shares in the account. You will be responsible for any related taxes.

 

Policy on Prohibition of Foreign Shareholders. The Fund requires that all shareholders be U.S. persons or U.S. resident aliens with a valid TIN (or show proof of having applied for a TIN and commit to provide a valid TIN within 60 days) in order to open an account with the Fund.

 

Investment Procedures. The following table describes the procedures for investing in the Fund.

 

How to Open an Account How to Add to Your Account

Through a Financial Intermediary

•  Contact your financial intermediary using the method that is most convenient for you.

Through a Financial Intermediary

•  Contact your financial intermediary using the method that is most convenient for you.

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How to Open an Account How to Add to Your Account

By Check

•   Call, write, or e-mail the Fund or visit the Fund’s website for an account application.

•   Complete the application (and other required documents, if applicable).

•   Mail the Fund your original application (and other required documents, if applicable) and a check.

By Check

•  Fill out an investment slip from a confirmation or write the Fund a letter.

•  Write your account number on your check.

•  Mail the Fund the investment slip or your letter and the check.

By Wire

•   Call, write, or e-mail the Fund or visit the Fund’s website for an account application.

•   Complete the application (and other required documents, if applicable).

•   Call the Fund to notify the transfer agent that you are faxing your completed application (and other required documents, if applicable). The transfer agent will assign you an account number.

•   Mail the Fund your original application (and other required documents, if applicable).

•   Instruct your U.S. financial institution to wire money to the Fund.

By Wire

•  Instruct your U.S. financial institution to wire money to the Fund.

 

By ACH Payment

•  Call the Fund to request a purchase by ACH payment.

•  The transfer agent will electronically debit your purchase proceeds from the U.S. financial institution account identified on your account application.

•  ACH purchases are limited to $25,000 per day.

 

Systematic Investments. You may establish a systematic investment plan to automatically invest a specific amount of money (up to $25,000 per day) into your account on a specified day and frequency not to exceed two investments per month. Payments for systematic investments are automatically debited from your designated savings or checking account via ACH. Systematic investments must be for at least $200 per occurrence. If you wish to enroll in a systematic investment plan, complete the appropriate section on the account application. Your signed account application must be received at least three business days prior to the initial transaction. The Fund may terminate or modify this privilege at any time. You may terminate your participation in a systematic investment plan by notifying the Fund at least two days in advance of the next withdrawal.

 

A systematic investment plan is a method of using dollar cost averaging as an investment strategy that involves investing a fixed amount of money at regular time intervals. However, a program of regular investment cannot ensure a profit or protect against a loss as a result of declining markets. By continually investing the same amount, you will be purchasing more shares when the price is lower and fewer shares when the price is higher. Please call (844) 347-2140 (toll free) for additional information regarding systematic investment plans.

 

Limitations on Frequent Purchases. The Board has adopted policies and procedures with respect to frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund shares by Fund shareholders. It is the Fund’s policy to discourage short-term trading. Frequent trading in the Fund, such as traders seeking short-term profits from market momentum, time zone arbitrage and other short-term trading strategies may interfere with the management of the Fund’s portfolio and result in increased administrative and brokerage costs and a potential dilution in the value of Fund shares. As money is moved in and out, the Fund may incur expenses buying and selling portfolio securities and these expenses are borne by Fund shareholders. The Fund does not permit market short-term trading and will not knowingly accommodate trading in Fund shares in violation of these policies.

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Focus is placed on identifying redemption transactions which may be harmful to the Fund or its shareholders if they are frequent. These transactions are analyzed for offsetting purchases within a predetermined period of time. If frequent trading trends are detected, an appropriate course of action may be taken. The Fund has broad authority to take discretionary action against market timers and against particular trades. The Fund reserves the right to cancel, restrict or reject without any prior notice, any purchase order, including transactions representing excessive trading, transactions that may be disruptive to the management of the Fund’s portfolio, and purchase orders not accompanied by payment.

 

Because the Fund may receive purchase and sale orders through financial intermediaries that use omnibus or retirement accounts, the Fund cannot always detect frequent purchases and redemptions. As a consequence, the Fund’s ability to monitor and discourage abusive trading practices in such accounts may be limited.

 

The Fund reserves the right to refuse any purchase requests, particularly those requests that could adversely affect the Fund or its operations.

 

Canceled or Failed Payments. The Fund accepts checks and ACH payments at full value subject to collection. If the Fund does not receive your payment for shares or you pay with a check or ACH payment that does not clear, your purchase will be canceled within two business days of notification from your bank that your funds did not clear. You will be responsible for any actual losses and expenses incurred by the Fund or the transfer agent. The Fund and its agents have the right to reject or cancel any purchase request due to non-payment.

 

Selling Shares

 

Redemption orders received in good order will be processed at the next calculated NAV. The Fund typically expects to pay shareholder redemption requests, including during stressed market conditions, within one business day of receipt of the request in good order and may seek to meet such redemption requests through one or more of the following methods: sales of portfolio assets, use of cash or cash equivalents held in the Fund’s portfolio, and/or redemptions in kind, as permitted by applicable rules and regulations. The right of redemption may not be suspended for more than seven days after the tender of Fund shares, except for any period during which (1) the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings) or the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) determines that trading thereon is restricted, (2) an emergency (as determined by the SEC) exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of its securities is not reasonably practicable or as a result of which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to determine fairly the value of its net assets, or (3) the SEC has entered a suspension order for the protection of the shareholders of the Fund.

 

The Fund will not issue shares until payment is received. If redemption is sought for shares for which payment has not been received, the Fund will delay sending redemption proceeds until payment is received, which may be up to 15 calendar days.

 

How to Sell Shares from Your Account

Through a Financial Intermediary

•  If you purchased shares through your financial intermediary, your redemption order must be placed through the same financial intermediary.

By Mail

•      Prepare a written request including:

    •  your name(s) and signature(s);

    •  your account number;

    •  the Fund name and class;

     the dollar amount or number of shares you want to sell;

     how and where to send the redemption proceeds;

     a Medallion Signature Guarantee (if required); and

    •  other documentation (if required).

•      Mail the Fund your request and documentation.

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How to Sell Shares from Your Account

By Telephone

•  Call the Fund with your request, unless you declined telephone redemption privileges on your account application.

 Provide the following information:

    •  your account number;

     the exact name(s) in which the account is registered; and

    •  an additional form of identification.

 Redemption proceeds will be mailed to you by check or electronically credited to your account at the U.S. financial institution identified on your account application.

By Systematic Withdrawal

 Complete the systematic withdrawal section of the application.

 Attach a voided check to your application.

 Mail the completed application to the Fund.

 Redemption proceeds will be mailed to you by check or electronically credited to your account at the U.S. financial institution identified on your account application.

 

Wire Redemption Privileges. You may redeem your shares with proceeds payable by wire unless you declined wire redemption privileges on your account application. The minimum amount that may be redeemed by wire is $5,000.

 

Telephone Redemption Privileges. You may redeem your shares by telephone, unless you declined telephone redemption privileges on your account application. You may be responsible for an unauthorized telephone redemption order as long as the transfer agent takes reasonable measures to verify that the order is genuine. Telephone redemption orders may be difficult to complete during periods of significant economic or market activity. If you are not able to reach the Fund by telephone, you may mail us your redemption order.

 

Systematic Withdrawals. You may establish a systematic withdrawal plan to automatically redeem a specific amount of money or shares from your account on a specified day and frequency not to exceed one withdrawal per month. Payments for systematic withdrawals are sent by check to your address of record, or if you so designate, to your bank account by ACH payment. To establish a systematic withdrawal plan, complete the systematic withdrawal section of the account application. The plan may be terminated or modified by a shareholder or the Fund at any time without charge or penalty. You may terminate your participation in a systematic withdrawal plan at any time by contacting the Fund sufficiently in advance of the next withdrawal.

 

A withdrawal under a systematic withdrawal plan involves a redemption of Fund shares and may result in a gain or loss for federal income tax purposes. Please call (844) 347-2140 (toll free) for additional information regarding systematic withdrawal plans.

 

Signature Guarantee Requirements. To protect you and the Fund against fraud, signatures on certain requests must have a Medallion Signature Guarantee. A Medallion Signature Guarantee verifies the authenticity of your signature. You may obtain a Medallion Signature Guarantee from most banking institutions or securities brokers but not from a notary public. Written instructions signed by all registered shareholders with a Medallion Signature Guarantee for each shareholder are required for any of the following:

 

written requests to redeem $100,000 or more;

changes to a shareholder’s record name or account registration;

paying redemption proceeds from an account for which the address has changed within the last 30 days;

sending redemption and distribution proceeds to any person, address or financial institution account not on record;

sending redemption and distribution proceeds to an account with a different registration (name or ownership) from your account; and

adding or changing ACH or wire instructions, the telephone redemption or exchange option or any other election in connection with your account.

 

The Fund reserves the right to require Medallion Signature Guarantees on all redemptions.

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Small Account Balances. If the value of your account falls below the minimum account balances in the following table, the Fund may ask you to increase your balance. If the account value is still below the minimum balance after 60 days, the Fund may close your account and send you the proceeds. The Fund will not close your account if it falls below these amounts solely as a result of Fund performance.

 

Minimum Account Balance Institutional Shares Investor Shares
Standard Accounts $5,000 $100
Retirement Accounts $5,000 $100

 

Redemptions in Kind. Redemption proceeds normally are paid in cash. Consistent with an election filed with the SEC, under certain circumstances, the Fund may pay redemption proceeds in portfolio securities rather than in cash pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. However, if the Fund redeems shares in this manner, the shareholder assumes the risk of, among other things, a subsequent change in the market value of those securities and the costs of liquidating the securities (such as brokerage costs and taxable gains). In kind redemptions may be satisfied using illiquid securities held in the Fund’s portfolio, in which case the shareholder will assume the risks associated with such illiquid securities, including the possibility of a lack of a liquid market for those securities. In kind redemptions may take the form of a pro rata portion of the Fund’s portfolio, individual securities, or a representative basket of securities. Please see the SAI for more details on redemptions in kind.

 

Lost Accounts. The transfer agent will consider your account lost if correspondence to your address of record is returned as undeliverable on two consecutive occasions, unless the transfer agent determines your new address. When an account is lost, all distributions on the account will be reinvested in additional shares of the Fund. In addition, the amount of any outstanding check (unpaid for six months or more) and checks that have been returned to the transfer agent may be reinvested at the current NAV, and the checks will be canceled. However, checks will not be reinvested into accounts with a zero balance but will be held in a different account. Any of your unclaimed property may be transferred to the state of your last known address if no activity occurs in your account within the time period specified by that state’s law.

 

Shareholder Service Fees. The Trust has adopted a shareholder servicing plan under which the Fund may pay an annualized fee up to the greater of (i) 0.10% of the average daily net assets serviced, and (ii) $15 per shareholder account to the Adviser, brokers, dealers and other financial intermediaries for providing administration, recordkeeping, and other shareholder services associated with shareholders whose shares are held of record in omnibus accounts, other group accounts, or accounts traded through registered securities clearing agents. If the Fund pays shareholder service fees on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment.

 

Retirement Accounts

 

You may invest in shares of the Fund through an IRA, including traditional and Roth IRAs, also known as a “Qualified Retirement Account.” The Fund may also be appropriate for other retirement plans, such as 401(k) plans. Before investing in an IRA or other retirement account, you should consult your tax advisor. Whenever making an investment in an IRA or certain retirement plans, be sure to indicate the year to which the contribution is attributed.

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OTHER INFORMATION

 

Distributions and Dividend Reinvestments. The Fund declares dividends from net investment income and pays them annually. Any net capital gains realized by the Fund are distributed at least annually. The Fund may distribute such income dividends and capital gains more frequently, if necessary, in order to reduce or eliminate federal excise or income taxes on the Fund. The amount of any distribution will vary, and there is no guarantee the Fund will pay either an income dividend or a capital gains distribution.

 

Most investors typically have their income dividends and capital gain distributions (each a “distribution”) reinvested in additional shares of the distributing Fund. If you choose this option, or if you do not indicate any choice, your distributions will be reinvested. Alternatively, you may choose to have your distributions of $10 or more sent directly to your bank account or paid to you by check. However, if a distribution is less than $10, your proceeds will be reinvested. If five or more of your distribution checks remain uncashed after 180 days, all subsequent distributions may be reinvested. For federal income tax purposes, distributions to non-qualified retirement accounts are treated the same whether they are received in cash or reinvested.

 

Annual Statements. Each year, the Fund will send you an annual statement (Form 1099) of your account activity to assist you in completing your federal, state and local tax returns. Distributions declared in December to shareholders of record in such month, but paid in January, are taxable as if they were paid in December. Prior to issuing your statement, the Fund makes every effort to reduce the number of corrected forms mailed to you. However, if the Fund finds it necessary to reclassify its distributions or adjust the cost basis of any Covered Shares (defined below) sold or exchanged after you receive your tax statement, the Fund will send you a corrected Form 1099.

 

Taxes. The Fund has elected and intends to qualify, each year as a regulated investment company and, as such, generally is not subject to entity level tax on the income and gain it distributes to shareholders. The Fund intends to operate in a manner such that it will not be liable for federal income or excise taxes.

 

The Fund’s distributions of net investment income and the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss are taxable to you as ordinary income, except as noted below. The Fund’s distributions of net capital gain (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), if any, are taxable to you as long-term capital gain, regardless of how long you have held your shares. Distributions also may be subject to state and local income taxes. Some Fund distributions also may include a nontaxable return of capital. Return of capital distributions reduce your tax basis in your Fund shares and are treated as gain from the sale of the shares to the extent they exceed your basis.

 

The Fund expects, based on its investment objective and strategies, that its distributions, if any, will be taxable as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both. This is true whether you reinvest your distributions in additional Fund shares or receive them in cash.

 

If the Fund qualifies to pass through to you the tax benefits from foreign taxes it pays on its investments, and elects to do so, then any foreign taxes it pays on these investments may be passed through to you as a foreign tax credit.

 

The Fund’s dividends attributable to its “qualified dividend income” (i.e., dividends received on stock of most domestic and certain foreign corporations with respect to which the Fund satisfies certain holding period and other restrictions) generally will be subject to federal income tax for individual and certain other non-corporate shareholders who satisfy those restrictions with respect to their Fund shares at the rates for net capital gain − a maximum rate of 15% or 20%, depending on a shareholder’s level of taxable income and the shareholder’s filing status. A portion of the Fund’s dividends also may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations. The eligible portion may not exceed the aggregate dividends the Fund receives from domestic corporations subject to federal income tax (thus excluding real estate investment trusts) and excludes dividends from foreign corporations − subject to similar restrictions.

 

At the time you purchase your Fund shares, the Fund’s NAV may reflect undistributed income, undistributed capital gains, or net unrealized appreciation in the value of portfolio securities held by the Fund. For taxable investors, a

25 

 

subsequent distribution to you of such amounts, although constituting a return of your investment, would be taxable. A distribution reduces the NAV of Fund shares by the amount of the distribution.

 

The sale (redemption) of Fund shares is generally taxable for federal income tax purposes. You will recognize a gain or loss on the transaction equal to the difference, if any, between the amount of your net redemption proceeds and your tax basis in the redeemed Fund shares. The gain or loss will be capital gain or loss if you held your Fund shares as capital assets. Any capital gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if you held the Fund shares for more than one year at the time of the redemption and any such gain may be taxed to individual and certain other non-corporate shareholders. Long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals are taxed at the 15% or 20% maximum federal income tax rates mentioned above or 25% depending on the nature of the capital gain. Any capital loss arising from the redemption of Fund shares held for six months or less, however, will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of net capital gain distributions with respect to those shares.

 

The Fund is required to withhold federal income tax at the rate of 24% on all distributions and redemption proceeds (regardless of the extent to which you realize gain or loss) otherwise payable to you (if you are an individual or certain other non-corporate shareholder) if you fail to provide the Fund with your correct TIN or to make required certifications, or if you have been notified by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) that you are subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax, and any amounts withheld may be credited against your federal income tax liability once you provide the required information or certification.

 

Fund distributions and gains from the sale or exchange of your Fund shares generally are subject to state and local taxes.

 

The Fund (or its administrative agent) is required to report to you and the IRS annually on Form 1099-B not only the gross proceeds of Fund shares you sell or redeem but also the cost basis of Fund shares you sell or redeem where the cost basis of the shares is known by the Fund (“Covered Shares”). Cost basis will be calculated using the Fund’s default method, which is first-in first-out, unless you instruct the Fund in writing to use a different acceptable method for basis determination (e.g., average basis or specific identification method). The basis determination method a Fund shareholder elects may not be changed with respect to a redemption of Covered Shares after the settlement date of the redemption. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisors to determine the best IRS-accepted basis determination method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the basis reporting law applies to them.

 

An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds a threshold amount. This tax, if applicable, is reported by you on, and paid with, your federal income tax return and is in addition to any other taxes due on the income described in this paragraph. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, this provision may have on their investment in Fund shares.

 

Fund shares are generally not sold outside the United States. Non-U.S. investors should be aware that U.S. withholding at a 30% or lower treaty tax rate, special tax certification requirements to avoid U.S. backup withholding and claim any treaty benefits, and U.S. estate taxes, may apply to any investment in the Fund.

 

For further information about the tax effects of investing in the Fund, please see the SAI.

 

This discussion of distributions and taxes is not intended or written to be used as tax advice. Because everyone’s tax situation is unique, you should consult your tax professional about federal, state, local, or foreign tax consequences before making an investment in the Fund.

 

Organization. The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust, and the Fund is a series thereof. The Fund does not expect to hold shareholders’ meetings unless required by federal or Delaware law. Shareholders of each series of the Trust are entitled

26 

 

to vote at shareholders’ meetings unless a matter relates only to a specific series (such as the approval of an advisory agreement for the Fund). From time to time, large shareholders may control the Fund or the Trust.

 

Additional Information. The Trust enters into contractual arrangements with various parties, including, among others, the Fund’s investment adviser, sub-adviser(s) (if applicable), custodian, principal underwriter and transfer agent who provide services to the Fund. Shareholders are not parties to any such contractual arrangements or intended beneficiaries of those contractual arrangements, and those contractual arrangements are not intended to create in any shareholder any right to enforce them against the service providers or to seek any remedy under them against the service providers, either directly or on behalf of the Trust.

 

This Prospectus provides information concerning the Fund that you should consider in determining whether to purchase Fund shares. Neither this Prospectus, the SAI nor any other communication to shareholders is intended, or should be read, to be or give rise to an agreement or contract between the Trust, its trustees or any series of the Trust, including the Fund, and any investor, or to give rise to any rights in any shareholder or other person other than any rights under federal or state law that may not be waived.

27 

 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

Financial Highlights are not provided because, as of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund had not yet completed its first fiscal year.

28 

 

SafeGuard Core One Fund

 

Institutional Shares (SGFIX)
Investor Shares (SGFAX)

 

Annual and Semi-Annual Reports

Additional information about the Fund’s investments will be available in the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders. In the Fund’s annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during its last fiscal year.

 

Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”)

The SAI provides additional information about the Fund and is incorporated by reference into, and is legally part of, this Prospectus.

 

Contacting the Fund

You may obtain free copies of the annual and semi-annual reports and the SAI, request other information and discuss your questions about the Fund by contacting the Fund at:

 

SafeGuard Core One Fund
P.O. Box 588

Portland, Maine 04112
(844) 347-2140 (toll free)
Sgfunds.ta@apexfs.com
www.safeguardam.com

 

The Fund’s Prospectus, SAI and annual and semi-annual reports will be available, without charge, on the Fund's website at: www.safeguardam.com.

 

Securities and Exchange Commission Information 

Fund information, including copies of the annual and semi-annual reports and the SAI, is available on the SEC’s EDGAR database website at www.sec.gov.

 

You may also obtain copies of this information, for a duplication fee, by sending an email request to publicinfo@sec.gov.

 

222-PRU-1222

 

Distributor
Foreside Fund Services, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Foreside Financial Group, LLC (d/b/a ACA Group)
www.foreside.com

 

Investment Company Act File No. 811-22842

 

 

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

December 30, 2022

 

SafeGuard Core One Fund

 

Institutional Shares (SGFIX)
Investor Shares (SGFAX)

 

Investment Adviser:

 

SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC
307 Stonyhill Drive
Chalfont, Pennsylvania 18914

 

Account Information and Shareholder Services:

 

SafeGuard Core One Fund
P.O. Box 588
Portland, Maine 04112
(844) 347-2140(toll free)
Sgfunds.ta@apexfs.com
www.safeguardam.com

 

This Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) supplements the prospectus dated December 30, 2022, as it may be amended from time to time (the “Prospectus”), offering Institutional Shares and Investor Shares of the SafeGuard Core One Fund (the “Fund”), a separate series of Forum Funds II (the “Trust”). This SAI is not a prospectus and should only be read in conjunction with the Prospectus. You may obtain the Prospectus without charge by contacting Apex Fund Services (d/b/a Apex Fund Services) (“Apex Fund Services”, “Apex” or “Administrator”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Apex US Holdings LLC, at the address, telephone number or e-mail address listed above. You may also obtain the Prospectus on the Fund’s website listed above. This SAI is incorporated by reference into the Fund’s Prospectus. In other words, it is legally a part of the Prospectus.

 

The Fund has not commenced operations as of the date hereof and thus the Fund’s financial statements are not available at this time.Copies of the Fund’s Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report may be obtained when available without charge and upon request, by contacting Apex Fund Services at the address, telephone number or e-mail address listed above. You may also obtain copies of the Fund’s most recent Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report, when they are available, on the Fund’s website listed above.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

KEY DEFINED TERMS 1
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS 2
INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS 12
BOARD OF TRUSTEES, MANAGEMENT AND SERVICE PROVIDERS 14
A. Board of Trustees 14
B. Principal Officers of the Trust 17
C. Ownership of Securities of the Adviser and Related Companies 17
D. Information Concerning Trust Committees 17
E. Compensation of Trustees and Officers 18
F. Investment Adviser 18
G. Distributor 21
H. Other Fund Service Providers 22
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS 24
A. How Securities are Purchased and Sold 24
B. Commissions Paid 24
C. Adviser Responsibility for Purchases and Sales and Choosing Broker-Dealers 24
D. Counterparty Risk 24
E. Transactions through Affiliates 25
F. Other Accounts of the Adviser 25
G. Portfolio Turnover 25
H. Securities of Regular Broker-Dealers 25
I. Portfolio Holdings 25
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION INFORMATION 27
A. General Information 27
B. Additional Purchase Information 27
C. Additional Redemption Information 27
TAXATION 29
A. Qualification for Treatment as a Regulated Investment Company 29
B. Fund Distributions 31
C. Certain Tax Rules Applicable to Fund Transactions 33
D. Federal Excise Tax 34
E. Redemption of Shares 35
F. State and Local Taxes 36
G. Backup Withholding 36
H. Foreign Income Tax 36
I. Non-U.S. Investors 36
OTHER MATTERS 38
A. The Trust and Its Shareholders 38
B. Fund Ownership 39
C. Limitations on Shareholders’ and Trustees’ Liability 39
D. Proxy Voting Procedures 39
E. Code of Ethics 39
F. Registration Statement 39
G. Financial Statements 39
APPENDIX A – DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS A-1
APPENDIX B – TRUST PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES B-1
APPENDIX C – ADVISER PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES C-1

 

 

KEY DEFINED TERMS

 

 

As used in this SAI, the following terms have the meanings listed.

 

“1933 Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, including rules, regulations, SEC interpretations, and any exemptive orders or interpretive relief promulgated thereunder.

 

“1940 Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, including rules, regulations, SEC interpretations, and any exemptive orders or interpretive relief promulgated thereunder.

 

“Adviser” or “SafeGuard” means SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC, the Fund’s investment adviser.

 

“Board” means the Board of Trustees of the Trust.

 

“CFTC” means the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

 

“Independent Trustees” means trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act.

 

“IRC” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

“IRS” means the Internal Revenue Service.

 

“NAV” means net asset value per share.

 

“RIC” means a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the IRC.

 

“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

1

 

INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS

 

 

The Fund is a non-diversified series of the Trust. The Trust is an open-end investment management company organized under Delaware law as a statutory trust on July 30, 2012. This section supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, the Prospectus. Please see the Prospectus for a discussion of the Fund’s investment objective, principal investment strategies and principal risks of investing in the Fund. That said, the following paragraphs provide more detail regarding the Fund’s investment policies and the associated risks.

 

Market Turbulence

 

The greatest risk of investing in a mutual fund is that its returns will fluctuate, and you could lose money. Turbulence in the financial sector may result in an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets. Both domestic and foreign equity markets have experienced significant volatility and turmoil, with issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets particularly affected. It is uncertain whether or for how long these conditions could occur.

 

Reduced liquidity in credit and fixed-income markets may adversely affect many issuers worldwide. This reduced liquidity may result in less money being available to purchase raw materials, goods and services from emerging markets, which may, in turn, bring down the prices of these economic staples. It may also result in emerging market issuers having more difficulty obtaining financing, which may, in turn, cause a decline in their stock prices. These events and possible market turbulence may have an adverse effect on the Fund.

 

The financial markets in which the Fund invests are subject to price volatility that could cause losses in the Fund. Market volatility may result from varied predictable and unpredictable factors. Disruptive events with geopolitical consequences, including pandemics (such as COVID-19), may destabilize various countries’ economies and markets, which may experience increased volatility and reduced liquidity. Policy changes by the Federal Reserve and/or other government actors could similarly cause increased volatility in financial markets. Trade barriers and other protectionist trade policies (including those in the U.S.) may also result in market turbulence. Market volatility and reductions in market liquidity may negatively affect issuers worldwide, including issuers in which the Fund invests. Under such circumstances, the Fund may have difficulty liquidating portfolio holdings, particularly at favorable prices. To the extent that the Fund experiences higher levels of redemptions, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio holdings, even during volatile market conditions, which may negatively impact the Fund’s net asset value.

 

While the extreme volatility and disruption that U.S. and global markets experienced for an extended period of time beginning in 2007 and 2008 had, until the coronavirus outbreak, generally subsided, uncertainty and periods of volatility still remain. Federal Reserve policy, including with respect to certain interest rates, may adversely affect the value, volatility and liquidity of dividend and interest paying securities. Market volatility, dramatic changes to interest rates and/or a return to unfavorable economic conditions may lower a Fund’s performance or impair a Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.

 

In addition, policy and legislative changes in the U.S. and in other countries are changing many aspects of financial regulation. The impact of these changes on the markets, and the practical implications for market participants, may not be fully known for some time. Widespread disease and virus epidemics, such as the recent coronavirus outbreak, could likewise be highly disruptive, adversely affecting industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a Fund’s investments.

 

Non-Diversification

 

The Fund is non-diversified under the 1940 Act, which means that there is no restriction as to how much the Fund may invest in the securities of any one issuer. However, to qualify for tax treatment as a regulated investment company under the IRC, the Fund intends to comply, as of the end of each fiscal quarter, with certain diversification requirements imposed by the IRC. Pursuant to these requirements, at the end of each fiscal quarter, the Fund, among other things, will not have investments in the securities of any one issuer (other than U.S. Government securities and RICs) of more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets. In addition, the Fund, with respect to 50% of its total assets, will not have investments in the securities of any issuer equal to 5% of the Fund’s total assets, and will not purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer.

 

Focusing investments in a small number of issuers or industries increases risk. Funds that are “non-diversified” may invest a greater percentage of their assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are “diversified.” Funds that invest in a relatively small number of issuers are more susceptible to risks associated with a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence than a more diversified fund might be. Some of those issuers also may present substantial credit or other risks.

2

 

Derivatives

 

Derivatives are financial instruments that have a value which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of something else, such as one or more underlying securities, pools of securities, options, futures, indexes or currencies. Gains or losses involving derivative instruments may be substantial, because a relatively small price movement in the underlying securities, instrument, currency or index may result in a substantial gain or loss for the Fund.

 

Futures Contracts. A futures contract is a bilateral agreement where one party agrees to accept, and the other party agrees to make, delivery of cash or underlying securities or commodities, as called for in the contract, at a specified date and at an agreed upon price. An index futures contract involves the delivery of an amount of cash equal to a specified dollar amount multiplied by the difference between the index value at the close of trading of the contract and at the price designated by the futures contract. Generally, these futures contracts are closed out prior to the expiration date of the contracts. A public market exists in futures contracts covering certain indexes, financial instruments and foreign currencies.

 

Commodities Futures Contracts. The Fund, through a wholly owned and controlled subsidiary organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Subsidiary”), gains exposure to commodity futures contracts as part of its principal investment strategies. Commodity futures contracts are an agreement to buy or sell a certain amount of a commodity at a specific price on a specific date (their expiry) which are negotiated and traded on futures exchanges. Commodity futures contracts are generally based upon commodities within the following commodity groups: energy, industrial metals, agriculture, precious metals, foods and fibers, and livestock.

 

Commodity futures contracts are traded on futures exchanges which provide a central marketplace to negotiate and transact futures contracts, a clearing corporation to process trades, and a secondary market. Commodity futures exchanges provide standardization with regards to certain key features such as expiry dates, contract sizes and terms and conditions of delivery. Commodity futures exchanges set a maximum permissible price movement either up or down during a single trading day and when this limit has been reached, no trades may be placed that day at a price beyond that limit. Exchanges may also impose position limit rules limiting the value or number of contracts in one commodity that may be held by one market participant to ensure that the amount of futures contracts that any one party may hold in a particular commodity at any point in time to ensure that no one participant can control a significant portion of the market in a particular commodity.

 

As futures contracts near expiry, they are sometimes replaced with a later dated contract in a process known as “rolling”. This involves selling the contracts before they expire and purchasing similar contacts that have a later expiry date. Any difference between the price for the nearer delivery month contract and the price for distant month contract is known as a ‘roll yield’ and this can be either a positive amount or a negative amount. Futures contracts may be satisfied at expiry by delivery of the relevant commodity from one party to the other.

 

Commodity futures contract prices are generally comprised of the price of the relevant commodity as well as the costs of storing the physical commodity. Storage costs include (i) the time value of money invested in the physical commodity, (ii) plus the costs of storing the commodity, (iii) less any benefits of owning the physical commodity not obtained by the holder of a futures contract (the “convenience yield”).

 

Due to the volatility of commodity futures and the risk of credit risk exposure to the counterparty to the contract, commodity futures exchanges each have clearing corporations which act as counterparty to all contracts by either buying or selling directly to the market participants. This means that when the Subsidiary purchases or sells commodity futures contracts their obligations will be to the clearing house; and it will be the clearinghouse that is obliged to satisfy the Subsidiary’s rights under a commodity futures contract.

 

To ensure a party to a futures contract fulfils its obligations to the clearing house, all participants are required to post and maintain a level of collateral (the collateral is known as “margin”), as discussed in greater detail later in this SAI. An exchange will set the margin requirements for the contracts which trade there and these can be modified the term of the futures contract. Margin requirements range upward from less than 5% of the value of the futures contract being traded. Margin requirements can be offset by other opposing futures transactions; margin payments will continue to be required.

 

When the price of a particular futures contract increases (in the case of a sale) or decreases (in the case of a purchase) and any loss on the futures contract means that the margin already held does not satisfy margin requirements, further margin must be posted. Conversely, if there is a favorable price change in the futures contract any excess margin may be removed from the relevant deposit account. Any margin deposited by the Subsidiary should earn interest income.

3

 

Regulation of Derivatives. The regulation of derivatives markets in the United States is a rapidly changing area of law and is subject to modification by government and judicial action. In particular, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), signed into law in 2010, granted significant authority to the SEC and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) to impose comprehensive regulations on the over-the-counter and cleared derivatives markets. These regulations include, but are not limited to, mandatory clearing of certain derivatives and requirements relating to disclosure, margin and trade reporting. New regulations could adversely affect the value, availability and performance of certain derivative instruments, may make them more costly, and may limit or restrict their use by the Funds.

 

On October 28, 2020, the SEC adopted Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act (the “Derivatives Rule”) which, following an implementation period, replaces existing SEC and staff guidance with an updated, comprehensive framework for registered investment companies’ use of derivatives. Among other changes, the Derivatives Rule requires an investment company to trade derivatives and certain other instruments that create future payment or delivery obligations subject to a value-at-risk (“VaR”) leverage limit, develop and implement a derivatives risk management program and new testing requirements, and comply with new requirements related to board and SEC reporting. These new requirements apply unless the Fund qualifies as a “limited derivatives user,” which the Derivatives Rule defines as a fund that limits its derivatives exposure to 10% of its net assets. Complying with the Derivatives Rule may increase the cost of the Fund’s investments and cost of doing business, which could adversely affect investors. Other potentially adverse regulatory obligations can develop suddenly and without notice.

 

Risks of Futures Contracts. The risk of loss in trading futures contracts can be substantial, due to the low margin deposits required, the extremely high degree of leverage involved in futures pricing, and the potential high volatility of the futures markets. Futures prices are affected by and may respond rapidly to a variety of factors including (but not limited to) market reports, news reports, interest rates, national and international political and economic events, weather and domestic or foreign trades, monetary or fiscal policies and programs. Such rapid response might include an opening price on an affected futures contract sharply higher or lower than the previous day’s close. In the event of adverse price movements, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments to maintain its required margin. In such situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet daily margin requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so thus causing the Fund to incur a loss. In addition, on the settlement date, the Fund may be required to make delivery of the instruments underlying the futures positions it holds.

 

The Fund could suffer losses if it is unable to close out a futures contract because of an illiquid secondary market. Futures contracts may be closed out only on an exchange, which provides a secondary market for such products. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular futures product at any specific time. Thus, it may not be possible to close a futures position. Moreover, most futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of future positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses. The inability to close futures positions also could have an adverse impact on the ability to hedge a portfolio investment or to establish a substitute for a portfolio investment.

 

The Fund bears the risk that the Adviser will incorrectly predict future market trends. If the Adviser attempts to use a futures contract as a hedge against, or as a substitute for, a portfolio investment, the Fund will be exposed to the risk that the futures position will have or will develop imperfect or no correlation with the portfolio investment. This could cause substantial losses for the Fund. While hedging strategies involving futures products can reduce the risk of loss, they can also reduce the opportunity for gain or even result in losses by offsetting favorable price movements in other Fund investments.

 

The Fund may use various futures contracts that are relatively new instruments without a significant trading history. As a result, there can be no assurance that an active secondary market in those contracts will develop or continue to exist. The Fund’s activities in the futures markets may result in higher portfolio turnover rates and additional brokerage costs, which could reduce the Fund’s yield.

4

 

Swaps Transactions. The Fund may engage in swaps, including, but not limited to, interest rate, currency and equity swaps, and the purchase or sale of related caps, floors, collars and other derivative instruments. The Fund expects to enter into these transactions to preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of the portfolio’s duration, to protect against any increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date, or to gain exposure to certain markets in the most economical way possible.

 

Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to receive or pay interest (e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments) with respect to a notional amount of principal. Currency swaps involve the exchange of cash flows on a notional amount based on changes in the values of referenced currencies.

 

The purchase of a cap entitles the purchaser to receive payments on a notional principal amount from the party selling the cap to the extent that a specified index exceeds a predetermined interest rate or amount. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser to receive payments on a notional principal amount from the party selling the floor to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate or amount. A collar is a combination of a cap and a floor that preserves a certain return with a predetermined range of interest rates or values.

 

The use of swaps involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security transactions. If the Adviser is incorrect in its forecast of market values, interest rates and other applicable factors, the investment performance of the Fund will be less favorable than it would have been if this investment technique was never used. Swaps do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets or principal, and are subject to counterparty risk. If the other party to a swap defaults and fails to consummate the transaction, the Fund’s risk of loss consists of the net amount of interest payments that the Fund is contractually entitled to receive.

 

Under IRS rules, any lump sum payment received or due under the notional principal contract must be amortized over the life of the contract using the appropriate methodology prescribed by the IRS.

 

Equity swaps or other swaps relating to securities or other instruments are based on changes in the value of the underlying securities or instruments. For example, an equity swap might involve an exchange of the value of a particular security or securities index in a certain notional amount for the value of another security or index or for the value of interest on that notional amount at a specified fixed or variable rate. The Fund will only enter into an equity swap contract on a net basis, i.e., the two parties’ obligations are netted out, with the Fund paying or receiving, as the case may be, only the net amount of the payments. Payments under an equity swap contract may be made at the conclusion of the contract or periodically during its term.

 

If there is a default by the counterparty to a swap contract, the Fund will be limited to contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. There is no assurance that a swap contract counterparty will be able to meet its obligations pursuant to the swap contract or that, in the event of a default, the Fund will succeed in pursuing contractual remedies. The Fund thus assumes the risk that it may be delayed in or prevented from obtaining payments owed to it pursuant to a swap contract. However, the amount at risk is only the net unrealized gain, if any, on the swap, not the entire notional amount. The Adviser will closely monitor, subject to the oversight of the Board, the creditworthiness of swap counterparties in order to minimize the risk of swaps. To the extent that the Fund cannot dispose of a swap in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the swap, the Fund will treat the swap as illiquid and subject to its overall limit on illiquid investments of 15% of the Fund’s net assets.

 

Commodity-Linked Swap Agreements. Commodity-linked swaps are two-party contracts in which the parties agree to exchange the return or interest rate on one instrument for the return of a particular commodity, commodity index or commodities futures or options contract. The payment streams are calculated by reference to an agreed upon notional amount. A one-period swap contract operates in a manner similar to a forward or futures contract because there is an agreement to swap a commodity for cash at only one forward date. The Fund may, directly or indirectly through the Subsidiary, engage in swap transactions that have more than one period and more than one exchange of commodities.

 

In a total return commodity swap, the Fund (or its Subsidiary) will receive the price appreciation of a commodity index, a portion of the index, or a single commodity in exchange for paying an agreed-upon fee. If the commodity swap is for one period, the Fund will pay a fixed fee, established at the outset of the swap. However, if the term of the commodity swap is more than one period, with interim swap payments, the Fund will pay an adjustable or floating fee. With a “floating” rate, the fee is pegged to a base rate, and is adjusted each period. Therefore, if interest rates increase over the term of the swap contract, the Fund may be required to pay a higher fee at each swap reset date.

5

 

The Fund’s ability to invest in commodity-linked swaps may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, regulations or other legally binding authority. Under the IRC, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income from qualifying sources to qualify as a regulated investment company. The Internal Revenue Service has also issued a revenue ruling which holds that income derived from commodity-linked swaps is not qualifying income with respect to the 90% threshold. As a result, a Fund’s ability to directly invest in commodity-linked swaps as part of its investment strategy is limited to a maximum of 10% of its gross income. Failure to comply with the restrictions in the IRC and any future legislation or guidance may cause the Fund to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company, which may adversely impact a shareholder’s return. As a result, to the extent that the Fund obtains exposure to commodity-linked swap agreements, it will generally do so indirectly by investing through the Subsidiary.

 

Options. Options are derivatives. Derivatives are financial instruments that have a value which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of something else (“Reference Asset”), such as securities, commodities or indexes. All derivatives can create leverage. Accordingly, relatively small price movements in a Reference Asset may result in a substantial loss or gain for the Fund.

 

The Fund may purchase or write (sell) put and call options. A call option is a contract under which the purchaser of the call option, in return for paying a premium, has the right to buy the Reference Asset from the writer of the call option at a specified price (the “exercise price”). The writer of the call option, who received the premium, has the obligation to deliver the Reference Asset or the cash equivalent to the option purchaser upon exercise of the option. The “cash equivalent” is the difference between the exercise price and the (higher) market price. The Fund, as the writer of covered call options, will not benefit from any appreciation of the reference asset above the exercise price. In addition, when purchasing options that expire worthless (i.e., not exercised), the Fund will lose the premium paid.

 

A put option is a contract under which the purchaser of the put option, in return for paying a premium, obtains the right to sell a Reference Asset to the writer of the put option at the exercise price. The writer of the put option, who received the premium, has the obligation to buy the Reference Asset from the purchaser of the put option or deliver the cash equivalent upon exercise of the option. The “cash equivalent” is the difference between the exercise price and the (lower) market price.

 

Options have expiration dates - meaning, they expire after a certain period. After the expiration date of an option, the option purchaser no longer has a right to exercise the option. Options normally have expiration dates of between three and nine months from the date written. “American style” options are exercisable at any time prior to the expiration date. “European style” options are exercisable only immediately prior to the expiration date. Writers of American style options have no control over when they may be required to fulfill their obligations under the options contract and thus are exposed to a timing risk.

 

Options may be traded on a U.S. or non-U.S. exchange or over-the-counter (“OTC”). Exchange-traded options are issued by a clearing organization, and the clearing organization essentially guarantees completion of every exchange-traded options transaction. In contrast, OTC options are contracts between two parties, such as the Fund and a counterparty. The Fund is subject to “Counterparty Risk,” as described below, in connection with OTC options transactions: no party guarantees completion of such transactions; and there is no assurance that the Fund will be able to liquidate any OTC options position at any time prior to expiration. There is no assurance that a liquid market will exist for any options position into which the Fund enters. Even with respect to exchange-traded options, trading may be suspended on the exchange and prevent the Fund from closing out a position.

 

The premium charged to the purchaser of an option contract typically depends on the market value, if any, of the option as currently traded, the current market price and historic volatility of the Reference Asset, the difference between such market price and the exercise price, the length of the option period and the interest rate environment.

 

Prior to the exercise and expiration date of an options contract, purchasers and writers of options may close out their options position(s) by entering into an offsetting transaction in the same option series (type, exchange, underlying Reference Asset, exercise price and expiration). A closing purchase transaction cancels out the option writer’s position by means of an offsetting purchase of an identical option. Similarly, a closing sale transaction cancels out an option purchaser’s position by means of an offsetting sale of an identical option.

 

Options on Indices. An index assigns relative values to the securities included in the index, and the index fluctuates with changes in the market values of the securities included in the index. Index cash options operate in the same way as the more traditional options on securities except that index options are settled exclusively in cash equal to the difference between the exercise price and the closing price of the index.

6

 

Options on Foreign Currency. Options on foreign currency operate in the same way as more traditional options on securities except that currency options are settled exclusively in the currency subject to the option. The value of a currency option is dependent upon the value of the currency relative to the U.S. dollar and has no relationship to the investment merits of a foreign security. Because foreign currency transactions occurring in the interbank market involve substantially larger amounts than those that may be involved in the use of foreign currency options, the Fund may be disadvantaged by having to deal in an odd lot market (generally consisting in transactions of less than $1 million) for the underlying currencies at prices that are less favorable than round lots. To the extent that the U.S. options markets are closed while the market for the underlying currencies are open, significant price and rate movements may take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the options markets.

 

Options on Futures. Options on futures contracts are similar to options on securities except that an option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of the option, the delivery of the futures position to the holder of the option will be accompanied by transfer to the holder of an accumulated balance representing the amount by which the market price of the futures contract exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option on the future.

 

Risks of Options Transactions. Transacting in options exposes the Fund to certain risks. For example, the skills and techniques applicable to options trading may not be the same as those applicable to trading securities, and the Fund may be adversely affected by the Adviser’s inability to accurately predict price movements in Reference Assets. To the extent that the Fund uses options on indices to execute its strategy or hedge its portfolio investments, changes in the value of the Reference Asset (i.e., the index) may not correlate perfectly with (predicted) changes in the value of the portfolio. Further, options on foreign currencies are typically settled exclusively in the relevant foreign currency, and their value normally depends on the value of such currency relative to the U.S. dollar. To the extent that the U.S. options markets are closed while the market for the Reference Asset (foreign currency) is open, significant price and rate movements may occur that are not reflected in the U.S. options market.

 

Options transactions are subject to brokerage commissions or spreads, and the usage of options may result in a higher portfolio turnover rate and increased brokerage costs, which could reduce Fund returns. In addition, the use of options is subject to regulation, including by the SEC and options exchanges.

 

Risks. Leverage creates the risk of magnified capital losses. Leverage may involve the creation of a liability that requires the Fund to pay interest (for instance, reverse repurchase agreements) or the creation of a liability that does not entail any interest costs (for instance, forward commitment costs).

 

The risks of leverage include a higher volatility of the NAV of the Fund’s securities which may be magnified by favorable or adverse market movements or changes in the cost of cash obtained by leveraging and the yield from invested cash. So long as the Fund is able to realize a net return on its investment portfolio that is higher than interest expense incurred, if any, leverage will result in higher current net investment income for the Fund than if the Fund were not leveraged. Changes in interest rates and related economic factors could cause the relationship between the cost of leveraging and the yield to change so that rates involved in the leveraging arrangement may substantially increase relative to the yield on the obligations in which the proceeds of the leveraging have been invested. To the extent that the interest expense involved in leveraging approaches the net return on the Fund’s investment portfolio, the benefit of leveraging will be reduced, and, if the interest expense incurred as a result of leveraging on borrowings were to exceed the net return to investors, the Fund’s use of leverage would result in a lower rate of return than if the Fund were not leveraged. In an extreme case, if the Fund’s current investment income were not sufficient to meet the interest expense of leveraging, it could be necessary for the Fund to liquidate certain of its investments at an inappropriate time.

 

CFTC Regulation

 

The Adviser is registered as a “commodity pool operator” (“CPO”) under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) and the rules of the CFTC and is subject to CFTC regulation with respect to the Fund. The CFTC has adopted rules regarding the disclosure, reporting and recordkeeping requirements that apply with respect to the Fund as a result of the Adviser’s registration as a CPO. Generally, these rules allow for substituted compliance with CFTC disclosure and shareholder reporting requirements, based on the Adviser’s compliance with comparable SEC requirements. This means that, for most of the CFTC’s disclosure and shareholder reporting applicable to the Adviser as the Fund’s CPO, the Adviser’s compliance with SEC disclosure and shareholder reporting will be deemed to fulfill the Adviser’s CFTC compliance obligations. However, as a result of CFTC regulation with respect to the Fund, the Fund may incur additional compliance and other expenses. The CFTC has neither reviewed nor approved the Fund, its investment strategies, its prospectus or this SAI.

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Wholly Owned Subsidiary

 

The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in a wholly-owned and controlled Cayman Islands subsidiary (the "Subsidiary"), which is expected to invest through underlying commodity pools, swap contracts, commodity and financial futures and option contracts, as well as equity and fixed income securities and other investments intended to serve as margin or collateral for the Subsidiary's derivatives positions, as necessary. As a result, the Fund may be considered to be investing indirectly in these investments through the Subsidiary. For that reason, and for the sake of convenience, references in this SAI to the Fund may also include the Subsidiary.

 

The Subsidiary will not be registered under the 1940 Act but will be subject to certain of the investor protections of the 1940 Act, as noted in this SAI. The Fund, as the sole shareholder of the Subsidiary, will not have all of the protections offered to investors in registered investment companies. However, since the Fund wholly owns and controls the Subsidiary, and the Fund and Subsidiary are both managed by the Adviser, it is unlikely that the Subsidiary will take action contrary to the interests of the Fund or its shareholders. The Fund's Board has oversight responsibility for the investment activities of the Fund, including its investment in the Subsidiary, and the Fund's role as the sole shareholder of the Subsidiary. Also, in managing the Subsidiary's portfolio, the Adviser will be subject to the same investment restrictions and operational guidelines that apply to the management of the Fund.

 

Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Fund and the Subsidiary, respectively, are organized, could result in the inability of the Fund and/or the Subsidiary to operate as described in this SAI and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders. For example, the Cayman Islands does not currently impose any income, corporate or capital gains tax, estate duty, inheritance tax, gift tax or withholding tax on the Subsidiary. If Cayman Islands law changes such that the

 

Subsidiary must pay Cayman Islands taxes, Fund shareholders would likely suffer decreased investment returns.

 

Equity Securities

 

Common and Preferred Stock. The Fund may invest in common and preferred stock. Common stock represents an ownership interest in a company and usually possesses voting rights and earns dividends. Dividends on common stock are not fixed but are declared at the discretion of the issuer. Common stock generally represents the riskiest investment in a company. In addition, common stock generally has the greatest appreciation and depreciation potential because increases and decreases in earnings are usually reflected in a company’s common stock price. Preferred stock is a class of stock having a preference over common stock as to the payment of dividends or the recovery of investment should a company be liquidated, although preferred stock is usually junior to the debt securities of the issuer. Preferred stock typically does not possess voting rights. Preferred stock is subject to the risks associated with other types of equity securities, as well as additional risks, such as credit risk, interest rate risk, potentially greater volatility and risks related to deferral, non-cumulative dividends, subordination, liquidity, limited voting rights, and special redemption rights.

 

The fundamental risk of investing in common and preferred stock is the risk that the value of the stock might decrease. Stock values fluctuate in response to the activities of an individual company or in response to general market and/or economic conditions. Historically, common stocks have provided greater long-term returns and have entailed greater short-term risks than preferred stocks, fixed-income securities and money market investments. The market value of all securities, including common and preferred stocks, is based upon the market’s perception of value and not necessarily the book value of an issuer or other objective measure of a company’s worth. If you invest in the Fund, you should be willing to accept the risks of the stock market and should consider an investment in the Fund only as a part of your overall investment portfolio.

 

Convertible Securities. The Fund may invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities include fixed-income securities, preferred stock or other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a given amount of common stock of the same or a different issuer during a specified period and at a specified price in the future. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest on debt or the dividend on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged.

 

Convertible securities rank senior to common stock in a company’s capital structure but are usually subordinated to comparable non-convertible securities. Convertible securities have unique investment characteristics in that they generally: (1)  have higher yields than the underlying common stock, but lower yields than comparable non-convertible securities; (2) are less subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying common stock since they have fixed-income characteristics; and (3) provide the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.

8

 

A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s governing instrument. If a convertible security is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the issuer to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party.

 

Investment in convertible securities generally entails less risk than an investment in the issuer’s common stock. Convertible securities are typically issued by smaller capitalization companies whose stock price may be volatile. Therefore, the price of a convertible security may reflect variations in the price of the underlying common stock in a way that non-convertible debt does not. The extent to which such risk is reduced, however, depends in large measure upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed-income security.

 

Warrants. The Fund may invest in warrants. Warrants are securities, typically issued with preferred stock or bonds that give the holder the right to purchase a given number of shares of common stock at a specified price and time. The price usually represents a premium over the applicable market value of the common stock at the time of the warrant’s issuance. Warrants have no voting rights with respect to the common stock, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer.

 

Investments in warrants involve certain risks, including the possible lack of a liquid market for the resale of the warrants, potential price fluctuations due to adverse market conditions or other factors and failure of the price of the common stock to rise. If the warrant is not exercised within the specified time period, it becomes worthless.

 

Securities of Investment Companies

 

Open-End and Closed-End Investment Companies. The Fund may invest in shares of other open-end and closed-end investment companies in accordance with the investment restrictions in the 1940 Act. Investments in the securities of other investment companies may involve duplication of advisory fees and certain other expenses.

 

The Fund, as a shareholder of another investment company, will bear its pro-rata portion of the other investment company’s advisory fee and other expenses, in addition to its own expenses and will be exposed to the investment risks associated with the other investment company. These other fees and expenses are reflected as Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses and are included in the Fees and Expenses Table for a Fund in its Prospectus, if applicable. Investment in other investment companies may involve the payment of substantial premiums above the value of such issuer’s portfolio securities.

 

Exchange-Traded Funds. An investment in an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) generally presents the same primary risks as an investment in a conventional mutual fund (i.e., one that is not exchange-traded) that has the same investment objective, strategies, and policies. The price of an ETF can fluctuate within a wide range, and a Fund could lose money investing in an ETF if the prices of the securities owned by the ETF go down. In addition, because ETFs are traded on an exchange, ETFs are subject to the following risks that do not apply to conventional funds: (1) investments in ETFs are also subject to brokerage and other trading costs, which could result in greater expenses to the Fund; (2) the market price of the ETF’s shares may trade at a discount or premium to their NAV per share; (3) an active trading market for an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained; and (4) trading of an ETF’s shares may be halted if the listing exchange’s officials deem such action appropriate, the shares are de-listed from the exchange, or the activation of market-wide “circuit breakers” (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally.

 

Under Section 12(d)(1)(A) the 1940 Act, the Fund’s investments in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, is generally limited to 3% of the outstanding voting stock of any other investment company, 5% of the Fund’s total assets in any other investment company, and 10% of the Fund’s total assets in all other investment companies combined. There are, however, several exceptions to these “3/5/10 limits.” For example, under Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the 1940 Act, the Fund may invest more than 5% of its total assets in another investment company and more than 10% of its total assets among multiple investment companies, provided that it and its affiliates limit their investment in an acquired fund to 3% of the acquired fund’s outstanding voting securities and the investing fund limits any sales load it charges to 1.5%. Further, the investing fund must comply with certain redemption and voting restrictions. The Fund may also rely on Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act to invest in acquired funds, and under Rule 12d1-4, acquired funds themselves may invest up to 10% of their assets in other funds.

 

Illiquid and Restricted Securities

 

General. The Fund may not acquire securities or invest in repurchase agreements if, as a result, more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets (taken at current value) would be invested in illiquid securities. If, after the time of acquisition, due to subsequent fluctuations in value or any other reasons, the value of the Fund’s illiquid securities exceeds 15%, the Adviser will consider what actions are appropriate to help maintain adequate liquidity, such as an orderly disposition of the illiquid securities, to the extent possible. Further, the Adviser continuously monitors the Fund’s holdings in illiquid securities.

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The term “illiquid securities” means securities that cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid securities include: (1) repurchase agreements not entitling the holder to payment of principal within seven days (2) purchased over-the- counter options; (3) securities which are not readily marketable; and (4) except as otherwise determined by the Adviser, securities that are illiquid by virtue of restrictions on the sale of such securities to the public without registration under the 1933 Act (“Restricted Securities”).

 

The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets (taken at current value) in Restricted Securities.

 

A liquid market exists for certain Restricted Securities and the Adviser, pursuant to policies approved by the Board, may determine that certain Restricted Securities are not illiquid. These securities are not subject to the Fund’s investment limitations on illiquid and Restricted Securities.

 

An institutional market has developed for certain restricted securities. Accordingly, contractual or legal restrictions on the resale of a security may not be indicative of the liquidity of the security. If such securities are eligible for purchase by institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the 1933 Act or other exemptions, the Adviser may determine that the securities are liquid.

 

Risks. Any security, including securities determined by the Adviser to be liquid, may become illiquid. Limitations on resale may have an adverse effect on the marketability of a security. The Fund might also have to register a restricted security in order to dispose of it, resulting in expense and delay. The Fund might not be able to dispose of restricted or illiquid securities promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience a loss or have difficulty satisfying redemptions. There can be no assurance that a market will exist for any illiquid security at any particular time.

 

Determination of Liquidity. The Board has the ultimate responsibility for determining whether specific securities are liquid and has delegated this responsibility to the Adviser, pursuant to guidelines approved by the Board. The Adviser determines and monitors the liquidity of the portfolio securities and reports periodically on its decisions to the Board. The Adviser takes into account a number of factors in reaching liquidity decisions, including but not limited to: (1) existence of an active market for the asset, including whether the asset is listed on an exchange, as well as the number, diversity and quality of market participants; (2) frequency of trades or quotes for the asset and average daily trading volume of the asset (regardless of whether the asset is a security traded on an exchange); (3) volatility of trading prices for the asset; (4) bid-ask spreads for the asset; (5) whether the asset has a relatively standardized and simple structure; (6) for fixed income securities, maturity and date of issue; (7) restrictions on trading of the asset and limitations on transfer of the asset; (8) the size of the fund's position in the asset relative to the asset's average daily trading volume and, as applicable, the number of units of the asset outstanding; and (9) relationship of the asset to another portfolio asset.

 

Borrowing Transactions

 

The Fund is authorized to borrow money from banks from time to time for temporary, extraordinary or emergency purposes or for clearance of transactions in amounts of up to one-third of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the time of such borrowings. The use of borrowing by the Fund involves special risk considerations that may not be associated with other funds having similar objectives and policies. Since substantially all of the Fund’s assets fluctuate in value, while the interest obligation resulting from a borrowing will be fixed by the terms of the Fund’s agreement with its lender, the NAV of the Fund will tend to increase more when its portfolio securities increase in value and to decrease more when its portfolio assets decrease in value than would otherwise be the case if the Fund did not borrow. In addition, interest costs on borrowings may fluctuate with changing market rates of interest and may partially offset or exceed the return earned on borrowed funds. Under adverse market conditions, the Fund might have to sell portfolio securities to meet interest or principal payments at a time when fundamental investment considerations would not favor such sales.

 

Cyber-Security

 

The Fund, and its service providers, may be prone to operational and information security risks resulting from cyber-attacks. Cyber-attacks include, among other behaviors, stealing or corrupting data maintained online or digitally, denial of service attacks on websites, the unauthorized release of confidential information or various other forms of cyber security breaches. Cyber-attacks affecting the Fund or its third-party service providers may adversely impact the Fund. For instance, cyber-attacks may interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV, cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential business information, impede trading, subject the Fund to regulatory fines or financial losses and/or cause reputational damage. The Fund may also incur additional costs for cyber security risk management purposes. While the Fund’s service providers have established business continuity plans in the event of, and risk management systems to prevent, such cyber-attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cyber security plans and systems put in place by its service providers or any other third parties whose operations may affect a Fund or its shareholders. Similar types of cyber security risks are also present for issues or securities in which the Fund may invest, which could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause the Fund’s investment in such companies to lose value.

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Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

A Fund may invest a portion of its assets in cash or cash items pending other investments, to maintain liquid assets required in connection with some of each Fund’s investments or while assuming a temporary defensive position. These cash items may consist of money market instruments (such as securities issued by the U.S. Government and its agencies, bankers’ acceptances, commercial paper and certificates of deposit) or other cash instruments of any quality.

 

Money market instruments usually have maturities of one year or less and fixed rates of return. The money market instruments in which a Fund may invest include short-term U.S. Government Securities, commercial paper, time deposits, bankers’ acceptances and certificates of deposit issued by domestic banks, corporate notes and short-term bonds and money market mutual funds. The Fund may only invest in money market mutual funds to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act.

 

The money market instruments in which a Fund may invest may have variable or floating rates of interest. These obligations include master demand notes that permit investment of fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to direct arrangement with the issuer of the instrument. The issuer of these obligations often has the right, after a given period, to prepay the outstanding principal amount of the obligations upon a specified number of days’ notice. These obligations generally are not traded, nor generally is there an established secondary market for these obligations. To the extent a demand note does not have a 7-day or shorter demand feature and there is no readily available market for the obligation, it is treated as an illiquid security

11

 

INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS

 

 

The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has adopted the following investment policies which are fundamental policies that may not be changed without the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. “A majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund,” as defined by the 1940 Act, means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund, or (2) 67% or more of the shares present at a meeting, if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy.

 

The Fund’s investment objective is a non-fundamental policy. Non-fundamental policies may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval.

 

For purposes of the Fund’s investment limitations, all percentage limitations apply immediately after an investment. Except with respect to the borrowing money policy set forth in (1) below, if a percentage limitation is adhered to at the time of an investment, a later increase or decrease in the percentage resulting from any change in value or net assets will not result in a violation of such restrictions. The Fund continuously monitors its holdings in illiquid securities. If the value of the Fund’s holdings of illiquid securities at any time exceeds the percentage limitation applicable at the time of acquisition (15% of net assets) due to subsequent fluctuations in value or other reasons, the Adviser will consider what actions are appropriate to maintain adequate liquidity, such as an orderly disposition of the illiquid securities, to the extent possible.

 

Fundamental Limitations. The Fund has adopted the following investment limitations that cannot be changed by the Board without shareholder approval.

 

1.  The Fund may not borrow money, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

 

2.   The Fund may not issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

 

3.  The Fund will not make loans to other persons, except: (a) by loaning portfolio securities; (b) by engaging in repurchase agreements; or (c) by purchasing nonpublicly offered debt securities. For purposes of this limitation, the term “loans” shall not included the purchase of a portion of an issue of publicly distributed bonds, debentures or other securities.

 

4.  The Fund may not engage in the business of underwriting securities except to the extent that the Fund may be considered an underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act in the acquisition, disposition or resale of its portfolio securities or in connection with investments in other investment companies, or to the extent otherwise permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

 

5.  The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

 

6. The Fund will not purchase or sell commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other investments. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from purchasing or selling options, swaps, or futures contracts, from investing in securities or other instruments backed by commodities or from investing in companies, which are engaged in commodities business or have a significant portion of their assets in commodities.

 

7.  The Fund will not invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular industry or group of industries. This limitation is not applicable to investments in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities or repurchase agreements with respect thereto.

 

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to borrowing money set forth in (1) above, the 1940 Act permits the Fund to borrow money in amounts of up to one-third of the Fund’s total assets, at the time of borrowing, from banks for any purpose (the Fund’s total assets include the amounts being borrowed). To limit the risks attendant to borrowing, the 1940 Act requires the Fund to maintain at all times an “asset coverage” of at least 300% of the amount of its borrowings (not including borrowings for temporary purposes in an amount not exceeding 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets). In the event that such asset coverage falls below this percentage, the Fund is required to reduce the amount of its borrowings within three days (not including Sundays and holidays) so that the asset coverage is restored to at least 300%. Asset coverage means the ratio that the value of the Fund’s total assets (including amounts borrowed), minus liabilities other than borrowings, bears to the aggregate amount of all borrowings.

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With respect to the fundamental policy relating to issuing senior securities set forth in (2) above, “senior securities” are defined as Fund obligations that have a priority over the Fund’s shares with respect to the payment of dividends or the distribution of Fund assets. The 1940 Act prohibits the Fund from issuing any class of senior securities or selling any senior securities of which it is the issuer, except that the Fund is permitted to borrow from a bank if consistent with the fundamental policy set forth in (1) above.

 

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to making loans set forth in (3) above, the 1940 Act does not prohibit the Fund from making loans; however, SEC staff interpretations currently prohibit registered investment companies from lending more than one-third of their total assets, except through the purchase of debt obligations.

 

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to investing in real estate set forth in (5) above, the Fund may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, invest in securities or other instruments directly or indirectly secured by real estate and invest in securities or other instruments issued by issuers that invest in real estate. Investments in securities of issuers that are exposed to or invested in the real estate business will not be deemed to be a purchase or sale of real estate.

 

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to concentration set forth in (7) above, the Fund normally assesses its industry concentration by categorizing its investments by industry as identified by the Standard Industrial Classification (“SIC”) system. The SIC system categorizes issuers by industry based on the issuers’ primary business activities. No industry within a group of industries may individually represent greater than 25% of the Fund’s total assets.

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BOARD OF TRUSTEES, MANAGEMENT AND SERVICE PROVIDERS

 

 

A. Board of Trustees

 

The Trust is governed by its Board of Trustees (the “Board” or “Trustees”). The Board oversees the management and operations of the Trust and the Fund, in accordance with federal law, Delaware law and the stated policies of the Fund. The Board oversees the Trust’s officers and service providers, including the Adviser, which is responsible for the management of the day-to-day operations of the Fund based on policies and agreements reviewed and approved by the Board. In carrying out these responsibilities, the Board regularly interacts with and receives reports from senior personnel of service providers and the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”). The Board also is assisted by the Trust’s independent auditor (which reports directly to the Trust’s Audit Committee), independent counsel and other experts as appropriate. The Trustees serve until their respective successors have been elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal.

 

The Fund does not hold itself out as related to any other series within the Trust for purposes of investment and investor services, nor does it share the same investment adviser with any other series. As a result, the term “Fund Complex” applies only to the Fund.

 

Board Structure and Related Matters. Independent Trustees constitute at least a majority of the Board members. David Tucker, an Independent Trustee, serves as Independent Chair of the Board. The Independent Chair’s responsibilities include: setting an agenda for each meeting of the Board; presiding at all meetings of the Board and Independent Trustees; and serving as a liaison with other trustees, the Trust’s officers, other management personnel and counsel to the Fund. The Independent Chair also performs such other duties as the Board may from time to time determine.

 

The Trustees discharge their responsibilities collectively as a Board, as well as through Board committees, each of which operates pursuant to a charter or procedures approved by the Board that delineates the specific responsibilities of that committee. The Board has established three standing committees: the Audit Committee, the Nominating Committee and the Qualified Legal Compliance Committee. The members and responsibilities of each Board committee are summarized below.

 

The Board periodically evaluates its structure and composition as well as various aspects of its operations. The Board believes that its leadership structure, including its Independent Chair position and its committees, is appropriate for the Trust in light of, among other factors, the asset size and nature of the Fund, the number of funds overseen by the Board, the arrangements for the conduct of the Fund’s operations, the number of trustees and the Board’s responsibilities. On an annual basis, the Board conducts a self-evaluation that considers, among other matters, whether the Board and its committees are functioning effectively and whether, given the size and composition of the Board and each of its committees, the Trustees are able to oversee effectively the number of funds.

 

The Board holds four regularly scheduled in-person meetings each year. The Board may hold special meetings, as needed, either in person or by telephone, to address matters arising between regular meetings. At least once per quarter during a regularly scheduled in-person meeting of the Board, the Independent Trustees meet without the presence of interested Trustees.

 

The Trustees are identified in the table below, which provides information as to their principal business occupations held during the last five years and certain other information. Each Trustee serves until his or her death, resignation or removal and replacement. The address for all Trustees is c/o Apex Fund Services, Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600, Portland, Maine 04101.

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Name and Year
of Birth
Position with
the Trust
Length of
Time
Served
Principal
Occupation(s) During
Past Five Years
Number of
Series in Fund
Complex
Overseen
By Trustee
Other
Directorships
Held By
Trustee
During Past
Five Years
Independent Trustees        
David Tucker
Born: 1958
Chairman of the Board; Trustee; Chairman, Nominating Committee and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee Since 2013 Director, Blue Sky Experience (a charitable endeavor), since 2008; Senior Vice President & General Counsel, American Century Companies (an investment management firm), 1998-2008. 1 Trustee, Forum Funds; Trustee, U.S. Global Investors Funds.
Mark D. Moyer
Born: 1959
Trustee; Chairman Audit Committee Since 2013 Chief Financial Officer, Freedom House (a NGO advocating political freedom and democracy), 2017-2021; independent consultant providing interim CFO services, principally to non-profit organizations, 2011-2017. 1 Trustee, Forum Funds; Trustee, U.S. Global Investors Funds.
Jennifer
Brown-Strabley
Born: 1964
Trustee Since 2013 Principal, Portland Global Advisors (a registered investment adviser), 1996- 2010. 1 Trustee, Forum Funds; Trustee, U.S. Global Investors Funds.
Interested Trustees(1)        
Jessica Chase
Born: 1970
Trustee Since 2019 Director, Apex Fund Services since 2019; Senior Vice President, Atlantic Fund Services 2008-2019. 1 Trustee, Forum Funds; Trustee, U.S. Global Investors Funds.

 

(1)Jessica Chase is currently treated as an interested person of the Trust, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to her current affiliation with Apex Fund Services and her role as President of the Trust.

 

In addition to the information set forth in the table above, each Trustee possesses certain relevant qualifications, experience, attributes or skills. The following provides additional information about these qualifications and experience.

 

David Tucker: Mr. Tucker has extensive experience in the investment management industry, including experience in senior management, legal and compliance roles at two large mutual fund complexes; service on various committees of the Investment Company Institute (“ICI”); and director of ICI Mutual (a mutual insurance company sponsored by the investment company industry), including service as chairman of the underwriting, risk and fraud committees of ICI Mutual’s board of directors. Mr. Tucker actively serves charitable organizations in the metropolitan Kansas City area.

 

Mark D. Moyer: Mr. Moyer has extensive experience with finance. He has served as chief financial officer for two non-governmental organizations and a publicly-listed integrated media company. Mr. Moyer has also served as an adjunct professor of accounting at Fairfield University.

 

Jennifer Brown-Strabley: Ms. Brown-Strabley has extensive experience in the financial services and investment management industry, including institutional sales experience in global fixed-income and related quantitative research. Ms. Brown-Strabley also has experience in business start-up and operations and as a former principal of a registered investment adviser, for which she continues to provide consulting advice from time to time.

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Jessica Chase: Ms. Chase has extensive experience in the fund services industry, including senior management roles overseeing the mutual fund and hedge fund accounting operations for a large bank provider and business development for a fund service provider specializing in third-party mutual fund administration. Ms. Chase serves as principal executive officer for certain investment companies.

 

Risk Oversight. Consistent with its responsibility for oversight of the Trust and the Fund, the Board oversees the management of risks relating to the administration and operation of the Trust and the Fund. The Adviser, as part of its responsibilities for the day-to-day operations of the Fund, is responsible for day-to-day risk management. The Board, in the exercise of its reasonable business judgment, also separately considers potential risks that may impact the Fund. The Board performs this risk management oversight directly and, as to certain matters, through its committees (described below) and through the Independent Trustees. The following provides an overview of the principal, but not all, aspects of the Board’s oversight of risk management for the Trust and the Fund.

 

In general, the Fund’s risks include, among others, investment risk, valuation risk, compliance risk and operational risk. The Board has adopted, and periodically reviews, policies and procedures designed to address these and other risks to the Trust and the Fund. In addition, under the general oversight of the Board, the Adviser and other service providers have themselves adopted a variety of policies, procedures and controls designed to address particular risks. Different processes, procedures and controls are employed with respect to different types of risks. Further, the Adviser oversees and regularly monitors the investments, operations and compliance of the Fund’s investments.

 

The Board also oversees risk management for the Trust and the Fund through review of regular reports, presentations and other information from officers of the Trust and other persons. Senior officers of the Trust, senior officers of the Adviser and the CCO regularly report to the Board on a range of matters, including those relating to risk management. In this regard, the Board periodically receives reports regarding other service providers to the Trust, either directly or through the CCO. On at least a quarterly basis, the Independent Trustees meet with the CCO to discuss matters relating to the Fund’s compliance program. Further, at least annually, the Board receives a report from the CCO regarding the effectiveness of the Fund’s compliance program.

 

The Board has designated the Adviser as the valuation designee pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and delegated to the Adviser the responsibility for making fair value determinations with respect to the Fund’s portfolio securities. The Adviser, as the valuation designee, is responsible for periodically assessing any material risks associated with the determination of the fair value of the Fund’s investments; establishing and applying fair value methodologies; testing the appropriateness of fair value methodologies; and overseeing and evaluating third-party pricing services. The Adviser, as valuation designee, carries out its fair valuation responsibilities pursuant to and procedures approved by the Board. The Adviser, as valuation designee, reports to the Board on the pricing of the Fund's shares and the valuation of the Fund's portfolio securities; recommends independent pricing services to provide a value for Fund assets; makes and monitors fair value determinations pursuant to the valuation policies and procedures; and carries out any other functions designated to the Adviser relating to the valuation of Fund assets.

 

The Board also regularly receives reports from the Adviser with respect to the investments and securities trading of the Fund. For example, typically, the Board receives reports, presentations and other information from the Adviser on at least an annual basis in connection with the Board’s consideration of the renewal of the investment advisory agreement between the Adviser and the Trust on behalf of the Fund (the “Advisory Agreement”). Also, if applicable, the Board receives reports from the Adviser and other service providers in connection with the Board’s consideration of the renewal of any distribution plan of the Fund under Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Senior officers of the Trust and senior officers of the Adviser also report regularly to the Audit Committee on valuation matters, internal controls and accounting and financial reporting policies and practices. In addition, the Audit Committee receives regular reports from the Trust’s independent auditors on internal control and financial reporting matters.

 

Trustee Ownership in the Fund and the Fund Complex. The following table sets forth each Trustee’s ownership of the Fund and the Fund Complex.

 

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Trustees Dollar Range of Beneficial Ownership
in the Fund as of December 31, 2021¹
Aggregate Dollar Range of Ownership
as of December 31, 2021 in all Registered
Investment Companies Overseen by
Trustee in the Fund Complex
Independent Trustees    
David Tucker None None
Mark D. Moyer None None
Jennifer Brown-Strabley None None
Interested Trustee    
Jessica Chase None None

 

1The Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI. Accordingly, no trustee owns shares of the Fund.

 

B. Principal Officers of the Trust

 

The officers of the Trust conduct and supervise its daily business. As of the date of this SAI, the officers of the Trust, their years of birth and their principal occupations during the past five calendar years are as set forth below. Each officer serves until his or her death, resignation or removal and replacement. The business address of each officer is c/o Apex Fund Services, Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600, Portland, Maine 04101.

 

Name and Year of
Birth
Position
with the
Trust
Length of Time
Served
Principal Occupation(s)
During
Past 5 Years
Jessica Chase
Born: 1970
President; Principal  Executive Officer Since 2015 Director, Apex Fund Services since  2019; Senior Vice President, Atlantic  Fund Services 2008-2019.  
Karen Shaw
Born: 1972
Treasurer; Principal  Financial Officer Since 2013 Senior Vice President, Apex Fund Services since 2019; Senior Vice  President, Atlantic Fund Services  2008-2019
Zachary Tackett
Born: 1988
Vice President; Secretary  and Anti-Money Laundering  Compliance Officer Since 2014 Senior Counsel, Apex Fund Services  since 2019; Counsel, Atlantic Fund  Services 2014-2019
Carlyn Edgar
Born: 1963
Chief Compliance Officer Since 2013 Senior Vice President, Apex Fund Services since 2019; Senior Vice  President, Atlantic Fund Services  2008-2019.

 

C. Ownership of Securities of the Adviser and Related Companies

 

As of December 31, 2021, no Independent Trustee (or any of his or her immediate family members) owned beneficially or of record, securities of any Trust investment adviser, the Trust’s principal underwriter, or any person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with any Trust investment adviser or principal underwriter.

 

D. Information Concerning Trust Committees

 

Audit Committee. The Trust’s Audit Committee, which typically meets quarterly, consists of Ms. Brown-Strabley and Messrs. Tucker and Moyer. Pursuant to a charter adopted by the Board, the Audit Committee assists the Board in fulfilling its responsibility for oversight of the quality and integrity of the accounting, auditing and financial reporting practices of the Trust. It is directly responsible for the appointment, termination, compensation and oversight of work of the independent auditors to the Trust. In so doing, the Audit Committee reviews the methods, scope and results of the audits and audit fees charged, and reviews the Trust’s internal accounting procedures and controls. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, the Audit Committee met four times.

 

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Nominating Committee. The Trust’s Nominating Committee, which meets when necessary, consists of Ms. Brown-Strabley and Messrs. Tucker and Moyer. Pursuant to a charter adopted by the Board, the Nominating Committee is charged with the duty of nominating all Trustees and committee members and presenting these nominations to the Board. The Nominating Committee will not consider any nominees for Trustee recommended by security holders. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, the Nominating Committee did not meet.

 

Qualified Legal Compliance Committee. The Qualified Legal Compliance Committee (the “QLCC”), which meets when necessary, consists of Ms. Brown-Strabley and Messrs. Tucker and Moyer. The QLCC evaluates and recommends resolutions to reports from attorneys servicing the Trust regarding evidence of material violations of applicable federal and state law or the breach of fiduciary duties under applicable federal and state law by the Trust or an employee or agent of the Trust. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, the QLCC did not meet.

 

E. Compensation of Trustees and Officers

 

Independent Trustees of the Trust each receive an annual fee of $16,000 for service to the Trust. The Chairman of the Board is paid an additional annual fee of $5,000. The Trustees and Chairman may receive additional fees for special Board meetings. Each Trustee is also reimbursed for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with his or her duties as a Trustee, including travel and related expenses incurred in attending Board meetings. The Trust has no pension or retirement plan. No other entity affiliated with the Trust pays any compensation to the Trustees.

 

The following table sets forth the fees estimated to be paid to each trustee by the Fund and the Fund Complex for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.

 

Trustee Aggregate
Compensation from
the Fund
Pension or
Retirement Benefits
Accrued as part of
Fund Expenses
Total Compensation
from Fund Complex
Independent Trustees      
David Tucker $2,063 N/A $2,063
Mark D. Moyer $1,572 N/A $1,572
Jennifer Brown-Strabley $1,572 N/A $1,572
Interested Trustees      
Jessica Chase $0 N/A $0

 

F. Investment Adviser

 

Services of Adviser. The Adviser serves as investment adviser to the Fund pursuant to the Advisory Agreement. Under the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser furnishes, at its own expense, all services, facilities, and personnel necessary in connection with managing the Fund’s investments and effecting portfolio transactions for the Fund. The Adviser may compensate brokers or other service providers (“Financial Intermediaries”) out of its own assets, and not as additional charges to the Fund, in connection with the sale and distribution of shares of the Fund and/or servicing of these shares.

 

Ownership of Adviser. SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC (the “Adviser”) is a Delaware limited liability company. Joseph Gabor and Gary Kleinschmidt are the sole Managing Members and owners of the Adviser.

 

Information Concerning Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers. The following table provides information regarding other accounts managed by the portfolio managers as of December 31, 2021:

 

  Number of Other Accounts Managed
and Assets by Account Type
Number of Accounts and Assets for Which
Advisory Fee is Performance-Based
Name of
Portfolio
Manager
Registered
Investment
Companies
Other
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
Other
Accounts
Registered
Investment
Companies
Other
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
Other
Accounts
Joseph Gabor None None None None None None

 

 

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Conflicts of Interest. Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to more than one fund or other account. More specifically, portfolio managers who manage multiple funds and/or other accounts may be presented with the following conflicts:

 

The management of multiple client accounts may result in a portfolio manager devoting unequal time and attention to the management of the Fund. The Adviser may seek to manage such competing interests for the time and attention of the portfolio managers by having the portfolio managers focus on a particular investment discipline.

 

If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity which may be suitable for more than one account, the Fund may be unable to take full advantage of that opportunity due to an allocation of filled purchase or sale orders across all eligible accounts. To deal with these situations, the Adviser has adopted procedures for allocating portfolio transactions across multiple accounts.

 

With respect to securities transactions for the Fund, the Adviser determines which broker to use to execute each order, consistent with its duty to seek best execution of the transaction. However, with respect to certain other accounts (such as other pooled investment vehicles that are not registered mutual funds and other accounts managed for organizations and individuals), the Adviser may be limited by the client with respect to the selection of brokers or may be instructed to direct trades through a particular broker. In these cases, the Adviser may place separate, non-simultaneous transactions for the Fund and another account which may temporarily affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment of the Fund or the other account.

 

Finally, the appearance of a conflict of interest may arise if the Adviser has an incentive, such as a performance-based management fee, which relates to the management of one fund or account but not all funds and accounts with respect to which a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities.

 

The Adviser has adopted certain compliance procedures, which are designed to address these types of conflicts. The Adviser has developed and implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure that all clients are treated equitably. In addition, compliance oversight and monitoring ensures adherence to policies designed to avoid conflicts. The Adviser’s policies and procedures address trade aggregation and allocation. Additionally, given the nature of the Adviser’s investment process and its Fund and/or other accounts, the Adviser’s investment management team services are typically applied collectively to the management of all the funds and/or other accounts following the same strategy.

 

Compensation of the Adviser’s portfolio managers is not based upon performance of the Fund managed by the Adviser. Fund performance is not a factor in compensation as it might encourage investment decisions deviating from the Fund’s mandate. To mitigate the potential for conflict to have a team member favor one Fund over another Fund and/or other account, the Adviser has established procedures, including policies to monitor trading and best execution for all funds and/ or other accounts.

 

There is no guarantee that such procedures will detect each and every situation in which a conflict arises.

 

Information Concerning Compensation of Portfolio Managers. Mr. Gabor receives a base salary and, as a Managing Member of the Adviser, receives a percentage of Adviser profits. The percentage is based on equity participation in the firm. Compensation is not based on the investment performance of the Fund or other accounts.

 

Portfolio Manager Ownership in the Fund. The Portfolio Manager ownership is not provided because the Fund has not yet commenced operations as of the date of this SAI.

 

Fees. For its services to the Fund, the Adviser is entitled to a management fee (the “Management Fee”), which is calculated and accrued daily, at an annual rate based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The Management Fee, if not waived, is paid monthly by the Fund, and consists of (i) an initial fee calculated at a rate of 1.00% of average daily net assets during the Initial Performance Period (defined below) and, thereafter, (ii) a base fee of 1.50% (the “Base Fee”) that is adjusted upward or downward depending upon the total return performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares relative to that of the S&P 500 Index.

 

During the first 12 months of the Fund’s operations (the “Initial Performance Period”), the Management Fee is calculated at a rate of 1.00% of the Fund’s average daily net assets, subjest to the Expense Cap (as defined below).. After the Initial Performance Period, the Management Fee consists of a Base Fee that is adjusted upward or downward by a performance

 

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adjustment (the “Performance Adjustment”) that depends on whether, and to what extent, the total return performance of the Fund as measured by the Institutional Shares exceeds, or is exceeded by, the total return performance of the S&P 500 Index plus 7.50% (750 basis points) (the “Index Hurdle”) over the Performance Period. For this purpose, the “Performance Period,” i.e., the period over which performance is measured, consists of a rolling 12-month period ending on the last day of the prior month. No Performance Adjustment will be made during the Initial Performance Period.

 

The Performance Adjustment, once effective, is calculated and accrued daily, according to a schedule that adds or subtracts 0.10% (10 basis points) of the Fund’s average daily net assets for each 0.50% (50 basis points) of relative performance by which the total return performance of the Fund as measured by the Institutional Shares (after expenses) exceeds or lags the total return performance of the Index Hurdle for the Performance Period. The maximum Performance Adjustment (positive or negative) will not exceed an annualized rate of +/- 1.50% (150 basis points) of the Fund’s average daily net assets. The maximum positive Performance Adjustment would occur when the performance of the Institutional Shares (after expenses) exceeds the performance of the Index Hurdle by 7.50% (750 basis points) for the Performance Period; the maximum negative Performance Adjustment would occur when the performance of the Institutional Shares (after expenses) is exceeded by the performance of the Index Hurdle by 7.50%.

 

The Base Fee shall be calculated by applying a rate of 1.50% to the Fund’s average daily net assets over the 12-month period ending on the last day of the prior month, and multiplying the resulting amount by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of days in the last month of the Performance Period and the denominator of which shall be 365. The resulting dollar amount comprises the Base Fee.

 

The Base Fee discussed above represents the Management Fee in the event that the performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares equals the performance of the Index Hurdle during a Performance Period. Depending on the Fund’s assets and the performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares, the Management Fee will range from the minimum fees set forth below (in the event that the performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares is equal to or lower than the performance of the S&P 500 Index) to the maximum fees set forth below (in the event that the performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares exceeds the performance of the S&P 500 Index by 15.00% or more).

 

Minimum Fee Base Fee* Maximum Fee
0.00% 1.50% 3.00%

 

*During the Initial Performance Period, the Management Fee is 1.00% of average daily net assets and is not subject to a Performance Adjustment.

 

The amount of the Performance Adjustment shall equal (i) the average daily net assets of the Fund over the Performance Period, i.e., the 12-month period ending on the last day of the prior month, multiplied by (ii) the Performance Adjustment rate, multiplied by (iii) the numerator of which shall be the number of days in the last month of the Performance Period and the denominator of which shall be 365. The resulting dollar figure will be added to, or subtracted from, the Base Fee depending on whether the Fund experienced better or worse performance than the Index Hurdle.

 

A Performance Adjustment will not be based on whether the performance of the Fund as measured by the Institutional Shares is positive or negative, but rather based on whether such performance exceeds or is exceeded by the Index Hurdle. The Fund could pay a Performance Adjustment for positive relative performance even if the Institutional Shares decreases in value, so long as the performance of the Institutional Shares exceeds that of the Index Hurdle. Because each Performance Period begins on the first day of a month and ends on the last day of the ensuing 12-month period, it is possible that, if you buy shares of the Fund after the beginning of a Performance Period, you will bear a share of a Performance Adjustment payable by the Fund based on performance that preceded your purchase and from which you therefore did not benefit. In addition, any then-effective Expense Cap (as defined below) will be applied for purposes of measuring the Fund’s performance against the Index Hurdle, which may impact the Performance Adjustment in a way that is favorable to the Adviser.

 

If the performance of the Fund’s Investor Shares was compared to the performance of the S&P 500 Index to determine the Performance Adjustment, the Performance Adjustment applied to the Base Fee would be less, and thus shareholders would pay a lower overall Management Fee than if the Performance Adjustment was based on the performance of the Fund’s Institutional Shares, because Investor Shares have higher expenses than Institutional Shares.

 

The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fee and/or reimburse Fund expenses to limit the Fund’s Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement to 0.25%, subject to exclusions, through January 1, 2024 (“Expense Cap”). The following categories of expenses are excluded from the Expense Cap and will be borne by the

 

20

 

Fund, even to the extent such expense causes the Fund’s Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/ or Expense Reimbursement to exceed the stated Expense Cap: the management fee, all taxes, interest, portfolio transaction expenses, class-specific distribution and service (Rule 12b-1) fees, brokerage commissions, dividend and interest expenses on short sales, acquired fund fees and expenses, proxy expenses and extraordinary expenses. The Expense Cap may only be raised or eliminated with the consent of the Board of Trustees. The Adviser may recoup from the Fund fees waived and expenses reimbursed by the Adviser pursuant to the Expense Cap if such recoupment is made within three years of the fee waiver or expense reimbursement and does not cause the Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement of the Fund (i.e., after the recoupment has been taken into account) to exceed the lesser of (i) the then current expense cap and (ii) the expense cap in place at the time the fees/expenses were waived or reimbursed. Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement will increase commensurate with the applicability of the above-listed exclusions from the Expense Cap.

 

The Adviser also serves as the investment adviser to the Subsidiary pursuant to an investment advisory agreement between the Adviser and the Subsidiary (the “Subsidiary Agreement”). The Adviser does not receive separate compensation from the Subsidiary.

 

The advisory fee, if not waived, is accrued daily and paid monthly by the Fund and is assessed based on the daily net assets of the Fund. In addition to receiving its advisory fee from the Fund, the Adviser may also act and be compensated as an investment manager for its clients with respect to assets that such clients have invested in the Fund. If you have a separately managed account with the Adviser with assets invested in the Fund, the Adviser will not assess or receive any management fee on the portion of the separately managed account invested in the Fund.

 

The amount of advisory fees paid is not provided because, as of the date of this SAI, the Fund had not yet completed its first fiscal year.

 

Advisory Agreement. The Fund’s Advisory Agreement remains in effect for an initial period of two years from the date of its effectiveness, and thereafter the Advisory Agreement must be approved at least annually by the Board or by majority vote of the shareholders, and in either case by a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Advisory Agreement or interested persons of any such party (other than as Trustees of the Trust).

 

The Advisory Agreement is terminable without penalty by the Trust with respect to the Fund on 60 days’ written notice when authorized either by vote of the Fund’s shareholders or by a majority vote of the Board, or by the Adviser on 60 days’ written notice to the Trust. The Advisory Agreement terminates immediately upon assignment.

 

Under the Advisory Agreement, neither the Adviser nor any employee, agent, director, or officer of the Adviser shall be liable for any mistake of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any investment, or for any act or omission with respect to the Trust, the Fund, or any of the Fund’s shareholders; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not absolve the Adviser for any liability resulting from the Adviser’s bad faith, willful misfeasance, or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Advisory Agreement.

 

G. Distributor

 

Distribution Services. Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Foreside Financial Group, LLC (d/b/a ACA Group), located at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101, acts as the agent of the Trust in connection with the continuous offering of Fund shares pursuant to a Distribution Agreement with the Trust. The Distributor is a registered broker-dealer and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”). The Distributor is not affiliated with the Adviser or any other service provider for the Trust.

 

The Distributor continually distributes shares of the Fund on a best efforts basis. The Distributor has no obligation to sell any specific quantity of Fund shares. The Distributor and its officers have no role in determining the investment policies or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Trust.

 

The Distributor may enter into agreements with selected broker-dealers, banks or other financial intermediaries for distribution of shares of the Fund. With respect to certain financial intermediaries and related fund “supermarket” platform arrangements, the Fund and/or the Adviser, rather than the Distributor, typically enters into such agreements. These financial intermediaries may charge a fee for their services and may receive shareholder service or other fees from parties other than the Distributor. These financial intermediaries may otherwise act as processing agents and are responsible for promptly transmitting purchase, redemption and other requests to the Fund.

 

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Investors who purchase shares through financial intermediaries will be subject to the procedures of those intermediaries through which they purchase shares, which may include charges, investment minimums, cutoff times and other restrictions in addition to, or different from, those listed herein. Information concerning any charges or services will be provided to investors by the financial intermediary through which they purchase shares. Investors purchasing shares of the Fund through financial intermediaries should acquaint themselves with their financial intermediary’s procedures and should read the Prospectus in conjunction with any materials and information provided by their financial intermediary. The financial intermediary, and not the investors, will be the shareholder of record, although investors may have the right to vote shares depending upon their arrangement with the intermediary. The Distributor does not receive compensation from the Fund for its distribution services except the distribution/service fees with respect to the shares of those classes for which a Rule 12b-1 plan is effective, as applicable. The Adviser pays the Distributor a fee for certain distribution-related services.

 

H. Other Fund Service Providers

 

Administrator, Fund Accountant, Transfer Agent, and Compliance Services. Apex Fund Services and its subsidiaries provide administration, compliance, fund accounting and transfer agency services to the Fund. Apex Fund Services is a wholly owned subsidiary of Apex US Holdings LLC.

 

Pursuant to the Apex Fund Services Services Agreement (the “Services Agreement”), the Fund pays Apex Fund Services and its subsidiaries a bundled fee for administration, compliance, fund accounting and transfer agency services. The Fund also pays Apex Fund Services and its subsidiaries certain surcharges and shareholder account fees. The fee is accrued daily by the Fund and is paid monthly based on the average net assets, transactions and positions for the prior month.

 

The Services Agreement continues in effect until terminated, so long as its continuance is specifically approved or ratified with such frequency and in such manner as required by applicable law. After an initial three-year term, the Services Agreement is terminable with or without cause and without penalty by the Trust or by the Administrator on 120 days’ written notice to the other party. The Services Agreement is also terminable for cause by the non-breaching party on at least 60 days’ written notice to the other party, provided that such party has not cured the breach within that notice period. Under the Services Agreement, Apex Fund Services is not liable to the Fund or the Fund’s shareholders for any act or omission, except for willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Services Agreement. The Services Agreement also provides that Apex Fund Services will not be liable to a shareholder for any loss incurred due to a NAV difference if such difference is less than or equal to $0.01 and in addition, limits the amount of any loss for which Apex Fund Services would be liable. Also, Apex Fund Services is not liable for the errors and omissions of others, including the entities that supply security prices to Apex Fund Services and the Fund. Losses incurred by the Fund as a result of acts or omissions by Apex Fund Services or any other service provider for which Apex Fund Services or the service provider is not liable to the Fund would be borne by the Fund and through the Fund, by its Shareholders.

 

As Administrator, Apex Fund Services administers the Fund’s operations except those that are the responsibility of any other service provider hired by the Trust, all in such manner and to such extent as may be authorized by the Board. The Administrator’s responsibilities include, but are not limited to: (1) overseeing the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Fund by others, including its custodian, transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent as well as legal, auditing, shareholder servicing and other services performed for the Fund; (2) preparing for filing and filing certain regulatory filings (i.e., registration statements and shareholder reports) subject to Trust counsel and/or independent auditor oversight; (3) overseeing the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns, the preparation of financial statements and related reports to the Fund’s shareholders, the SEC and state and other securities administrators; (4) providing the Fund with adequate general office space and facilities and providing persons suitable to the Board to serve as officers of the Trust; (5) assisting the Adviser in monitoring Fund holdings for compliance with prospectus investment restrictions and assisting in preparation of periodic compliance reports; and (6) with the cooperation of the Adviser, the officers of the Trust and other relevant parties, preparing and disseminating materials for meetings of the Board.

 

Apex Fund Services provides a Principal Executive Officer, a Principal Financial Officer, a CCO, and an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer to the Fund, as well as certain additional compliance support functions.

 

Atlantic Shareholder Services, LLC, 3 Canal Plaza, Portland, Maine 04101 (the “Transfer Agent”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Apex US Holdings LLC (d/b/a Apex Fund Services), serves as transfer agent and distribution paying agent for the Fund. The Transfer Agent is registered as a transfer agent with the SEC. The Transfer Agent maintains an account for each shareholder of record of the Fund and is responsible for processing purchase and redemption requests and paying distributions to shareholders of record.

 

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As Fund accountant, Apex Fund Services provides fund accounting services to the Fund. These services include calculating the NAV of each Fund class.

 

The fee data for the aforementioned services are not provided because, as of the date of this SAI, the Fund had not yet completed its first fiscal year.

 

Custodian. U.S. Bank, N.A. (the “Custodian”) is the custodian for the Fund. The Custodian safeguards and controls the Fund’s cash and securities, determines income and collects interest on Fund investments. The Custodian may employ subcustodians to provide custody of the Fund’s domestic and foreign assets. The Custodian also maintains certain books and records of the Fund that are required by applicable federal regulations. The Custodian is located at 1155 N. Rivercenter Dr., MK-WI-S302, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212.

 

Legal Counsel. Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP, 2000 K Street, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, DC 20036-2652, serves as legal counsel to the Trust.

 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. BBD, LLP (“BBD”), 1835 Market Street, 3rd Floor, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103, is the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund, providing audit and tax services. BBD audits the annual financial statements of the Fund and provides the Fund with an audit opinion. BBD also reviews certain regulatory filings of the Fund.

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PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS

 

 

A. How Securities are Purchased and Sold

 

Purchases and sales of portfolio securities that are fixed-income securities (for instance, money market instruments and bonds, notes and bills) usually are principal transactions. In a principal transaction, the party from which the Fund purchases or to which the Fund sells is acting on its own behalf (and not as the agent of some other party such as its customers). These securities normally are purchased directly from the issuer or from an underwriter or market maker for the securities. There usually are no brokerage commissions paid for these securities.

 

Purchases and sales of portfolio securities that are equity securities (for instance, common stock and preferred stock) are generally effected if (1) the security is traded on an exchange, through brokers that charge commissions and (2) the security is traded in the over-the-counter markets, in a principal transaction directly from a market maker. In transactions on stock exchanges, commissions are negotiated.

 

When transactions are executed in an over-the-counter market, the Adviser will seek to deal with the primary market makers, but when necessary in order to obtain best execution, the Adviser will utilize the services of others.

 

The price of securities purchased from underwriters includes a disclosed fixed commission or concession paid by the issuer to the underwriter, and prices of securities purchased from dealers serving as market makers reflect the spread between the bid and asked price.

 

In the case of fixed-income and equity securities traded in the over-the-counter markets, there is generally no stated commission, but the price usually includes an undisclosed commission, markup or markdown.

 

B. Commissions Paid

 

Brokerage commissions are not provided because, as of the date of this SAI, the Fund had not yet completed its first fiscsal year.

 

C. Adviser Responsibility for Purchases and Sales and Choosing Broker-Dealers

 

The Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of securities with broker-dealers selected by and at the discretion of the Adviser. The Fund does not have any obligation to deal with a specific broker or dealer in the execution of portfolio transactions. Allocations of transactions to brokers and dealers and the frequency of transactions are determined by the Adviser in its best judgment and in a manner deemed to be in the best interest of the Fund rather than by any formula.

 

The Adviser seeks “best execution” for all portfolio transactions. This means that the Adviser seeks the most favorable price and execution available. The Fund may not always pay the lowest commission or spread available. Rather, in determining the amount of commissions (including certain dealer spreads) paid in connection with securities transactions, the Adviser takes into account factors such as the size of the order, the difficulty of execution, the efficiency of the executing broker’s facilities (including the research services described below) and any risk assumed by the executing broker-dealer. The Fund may pay a higher commission if, for example, the broker-dealer has specific expertise in a particular type of transaction (due to factors such as size or difficulty) or is highly efficient in trade execution.

 

The Adviser may also give consideration to brokerage and research services furnished to the Adviser by broker-dealers and may cause the Fund to pay these broker-dealers a higher commission or spread than may be charged by other broker-dealers. Research services may include reports that are common in the industry, such as research reports and periodicals, quotation systems, software for portfolio management and formal databases. Typically, the Adviser uses the research to manage all client accounts. Therefore, the commission dollars spent for research generally benefit all of the Adviser’s clients and the Fund’s investors, although a particular client may not benefit from research received on each occasion. The Adviser does not reduce its fees because the Adviser receives research.

 

The direct broker information is not provided because, as of the date of this SAI the Fund had not yet completed its first fiscal year.

 

D. Counterparty Risk

 

The Adviser monitors the creditworthiness of counterparties to the Fund’s transactions and intends to enter into a transaction only when it believes that the counterparty presents appropriate credit risks.

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E. Transactions through Affiliates

 

The Adviser may effect brokerage transactions through affiliates of the Adviser (or affiliates of those persons) pursuant to procedures adopted by the Trust and in accordance with applicable law.

 

F. Other Accounts of the Adviser

 

Investment decisions are the product of many factors, including basic suitability for the particular client involved. Likewise, a particular security may be bought or sold for certain clients even though it could have been bought or sold for other clients at the same time. In some instances, with any required consent, one client may sell a particular security to another client. In addition, two or more clients may simultaneously purchase or sell the same security, in which event each day’s transactions in such security are, insofar as is possible, averaged as to price and allocated between such clients in a manner which, in the Adviser’s opinion, is in the best interest of the affected accounts and is equitable to each and in accordance with the amount being purchased or sold by each. There may be circumstances when purchases or sales of a portfolio security for one client could have an adverse effect on another client that has a position in that security. In addition, when purchases or sales of the same security for the Fund and other client accounts managed by the Adviser occur contemporaneously, the purchase or sale orders may be aggregated in order to obtain any price advantages available to large denomination purchases or sales.

 

G. Portfolio Turnover

 

The frequency of portfolio transactions of the Fund (the portfolio turnover rate) will vary from year to year depending on many factors. From time to time, the Fund may engage in active short-term trading to take advantage of price movements affecting individual issues, groups of issues or markets. Higher portfolio turnover rates may result in increased brokerage costs to the Fund and a possible increase in short-term capital gains (taxable to shareholders as ordinary income when distributed to them) or losses. An annual portfolio turnover rate of 100% would occur if all the securities in the Fund were replaced once in a period of one year.

 

Portfolio turnover rate is defined under the rules of the SEC as the value of the securities purchased or securities sold, excluding all securities whose maturities at time of acquisition were one year or less, divided by the average monthly value of such securities owned during the year. Based on this definition, instruments with remaining maturities of less than one year, including options in which the Fund invests, are excluded from the calculation of portfolio turnover rate.

 

H. Securities of Regular Broker-Dealers

 

From time to time the Fund may acquire and hold securities issued by its “regular brokers and dealers” or the parents of those brokers and dealers. For this purpose, regular brokers and dealers are the ten brokers or dealers that: (1) received the greatest amount of brokerage commissions during the Fund’s last fiscal year; (2) engaged in the largest amount of principal transactions for portfolio transactions of the Fund during the Fund’s last fiscal year; or (3) sold the largest amount of the Fund’s shares during the Fund’s last fiscal year.

 

Data regarding the Fund’s regular broker-dealers is not provided because, as of the date of this SAI, the Fund had not yet completed its first fiscal year.

 

I. Portfolio Holdings

 

Portfolio holdings as of the end of the Fund’s annual and semi-annual fiscal periods are reported to the SEC on Form N-CSR within 10 days of the mailing of the annual or semi-annual report (typically no later than 70 days after the end of each period). Monthly portfolio disclosures will be filed with the SEC on Form N-PORT no later than 60 days after the end of each fiscal quarter. The monthly holdings reports on Form N-PORT for the first and second months of the fiscal quarter will remain non-public and the monthly holdings report for the third month of the fiscal quarter will become publicly available upon filing (with the exception of certain items). You may request a copy of the Fund’s latest annual or semi-annual report to shareholders, when they are available, or a copy of the Fund’s latest Form N-PORT, when it is available, which contains the Fund’s portfolio holdings, by contacting the Transfer Agent at the address or phone number listed on the cover of this SAI. You may also obtain a copy of the Fund’s latest Form N-CSR and Form N-PORT, when they are available, by accessing the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

In addition, the Adviser may make publicly available, on a quarterly basis, information regarding the Fund’s holdings. This holdings information may also be made available through the Fund’s website and released no earlier than 7 days before the quarter end.

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The Fund’s nonpublic portfolio holdings information is received by certain service providers in advance of public release in the course of performing or enabling them to perform the contractual or fiduciary duties necessary for the Fund’s operations that the Fund has retained them to perform so long as the disclosure is subject to duties of confidentiality imposed by law and/or contract as determined by the Fund’s officers and, if applicable, the Board. The Fund’s portfolio holdings are available in real-time on a daily basis to the Adviser, the Administrator and the Custodian. In addition, the Distributor, the independent auditors, proxy voting services, mailing services, and financial printers and ratings or ranking organizations may have access, but not on a daily real-time basis, to the Fund’s nonpublic portfolio holdings information on an ongoing basis. The Trustees, Trust’s officers, legal counsel to the Trust and to the Independent Trustees, and the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm may receive such information on an as needed basis.

 

From time to time, nonpublic information regarding the Fund’s portfolio holdings may also be disclosed to certain mutual fund consultants, analysts, or other entities or persons (“Recipients”) that have a legitimate business purpose in receiving such information. Any disclosure of information more current than the latest publicly available portfolio holdings information will be made only if a Trust officer (i.e., the President or the Treasurer) determines that: (1) the more current information is necessary for a Recipient to complete a specified task; (2) the Fund has legitimate business purposes for disclosing the information; and (3) the disclosure is in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders. Any Recipient receiving such information shall agree in writing to: (1) keep the information confidential; (2) use it only for agreed-upon purposes; and (3) not trade or advise others to trade securities, including shares of the Fund, on the basis of the information. Such confidentiality agreements entered into for the receipt of nonpublic information shall also provide, among other things, that the Recipient: (1) will limit access to the information to its employees and agents who are obligated to keep and treat such information as confidential; (2) will assume responsibility for any breach of the terms of the confidentiality agreement by its employees; and (3) upon request from the Trust, will return or promptly destroy the information. Any Recipient that is a ratings or ranking organization receiving such information must have in place control mechanisms to reasonably ensure or otherwise agree that: (1) the holdings information will be kept confidential; (2) no employee shall use the information to effect trading or for their personal benefit; and (3) the nature and type of information that any employee, in turn, may disclose to third-parties is limited. The Trust officer shall report to the Board at its next regularly scheduled Board meeting the entering into of an agreement with a Recipient for the disclosure of nonpublic portfolio holdings information and shall include in the report the Trust officer’s reasons for determining to permit such disclosure.

 

The Adviser may provide investment management for accounts of clients other than the Fund, which may result in some of those accounts having a composition substantially similar to that of the Fund. The Adviser and its affiliates may provide regular information to clients and others regarding the holdings in accounts that each manages, but no information is provided to clients or others that identifies the actual composition of the Fund’s holdings, specifies the amount of the Fund’s assets invested in a security or specifies the extent of any such similarities among accounts managed by the Adviser.

 

No compensation is received by the Fund, or, to the Fund’s knowledge, paid to the Adviser or any other party in connection with the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. The codes of ethics of the Trust and the Adviser are intended to address, among other things, potential conflicts of interest arising from the misuse of information concerning the Fund’s portfolio holdings. In addition, the Fund’s service providers may be subject to confidentiality provisions contained within their service agreements, codes of ethics, professional codes, or other similar policies that address conflicts of interest arising from the misuse of such information.

 

The Adviser, Administrator and Distributor must inform a Trust officer if it identifies any conflict between the interests of shareholders and those of another party resulting from the disclosure of nonpublic portfolio holdings information. Such conflicts will be reported to the Board for appropriate action at its next regularly scheduled meeting.

 

There is no assurance that the Fund’s portfolio holdings disclosure policy will protect the Fund against potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information.

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PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION INFORMATION

 

 

A. General Information

 

You may effect purchases or redemptions or request any shareholder privilege by contacting the Transfer Agent.

 

The Fund accepts orders for the purchase or redemption of shares of the Fund on any weekday except days when the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) is closed. Under unusual circumstances, the Fund may accept orders when the NYSE is closed if deemed appropriate by the Trust’s officers.

 

The shares of the Fund may not be available for sale in the state in which you reside. Please check with your investment professional to determine the Fund’s availability.

 

B. Additional Purchase Information

 

Shares of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis by the Distributor.

 

The Fund reserves the right to refuse any purchase request.

 

Fund shares are normally issued for cash only. In its discretion, the Fund may accept portfolio securities that meet the investment objective and policies of the Fund as payment for Fund shares. The Fund may allow an in kind purchase provided that, among other things: (i) the purchase will not dilute the interests of its shareholders; (ii) the assets accepted by the Fund consist of securities that are appropriate, in type and amount, for investment by the Fund in light of its investment objective and policies and current holdings; (iii) market quotations are readily available for the securities; (iv) in determining the value of the assets contributed and the corresponding amount of shares issued, the Trust’s Valuation Policy will be applied; (v)   the transaction must comply with the Trust’s Affiliated Persons and Transactions Policy if the person investing is an affiliated person; and (vi) the Adviser to the Fund discloses to the Board the existence of, and all material facts relating to, any conflicts of interest between the Adviser and the Fund in the proposed in-kind purchase.

 

IRAs. All contributions into an individual retirement account (an “IRA”) through the automatic investing service are treated as IRA contributions made during the year that the contribution is received.

 

UGMAs/UTMAs. If the custodian’s name is not in the account registration of a gift or transfer to minor (“UGMA/UTMA”) account, the custodian must provide instructions in a manner indicating custodial capacity.

 

C. Additional Redemption Information

 

You may redeem Fund shares at NAV per share minus any applicable redemption fee. Accordingly, the redemption price per share of a Fund class may be lower than the Fund class’ NAV per share.

 

The Fund may redeem shares involuntarily, (1) to reimburse the Fund for any loss sustained by reason of the failure of a shareholder to make full payment for shares purchased by the shareholder; or (2) to collect any charge relating to transactions effected for the benefit of a shareholder that is applicable to the Fund’s shares as provided in the Prospectus.

 

Suspension of Right of Redemption. The right of redemption may not be suspended for more than seven days after the tender of Fund shares, except for any period during which: (1) the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings) or during which the SEC determines that trading thereon is restricted; (2) an emergency (as determined by the SEC) exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of its securities is not reasonably practicable or as a result of which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund fairly to determine the value of its net assets; or (3) the SEC has entered a suspension order for the protection of the shareholders of the Fund.

 

Redemption in Kind. Redemption proceeds normally are paid in cash. The Trust has filed an election with the SEC, however, pursuant to which the Fund may effect a redemption in portfolio securities at the shareholder’s request or if the shareholder is redeeming more than $250,000 or 1% of the Fund’s total net assets, whichever is less, during any 90-day period. To the extent the Fund satisfies a redemption request by distributing portfolio securities, it will do so pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. If the Fund pays redemption proceeds in kind, the redeeming shareholder may incur transaction costs to dispose of the securities and may receive less for them than the price at which they were valued for purposes of redemption. In addition, if the Fund redeems shares in this manner, the shareholder assumes the risk of a subsequent change in the market value of those securities, the costs of liquidating the securities (such as brokerage costs) and the possibility of a lack of a liquid market for those securities. In-kind redemptions may take the form of a pro rata portion of the Fund’s portfolio, individual securities, or a representative basket of securities.

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NAV Determination. The offering price for Fund shares is at their current NAV. In determining the NAV of the Fund class, securities for which market quotations are readily available are valued at current market value using the last reported sales price or the official closing price from the primary exchange where the security is listed, as provided by an independent pricing service or, if no sales price is reported, the mean of the last bid and ask prices. If market quotations are not readily available or the Fund reasonably believes that they are unreliable, then securities are valued at fair value, as determined by the Adviser, in its capacity as the valuation designee. For further information, see the “General Information” section in the Prospectus.

 

Distributions. Distributions of net investment income will be reinvested at the NAV of the applicable class (unless you elect to receive distributions in cash) as of the last day of the period with respect to which the distribution is paid. Distributions of net realized capital gains will be reinvested at the NAV of the applicable class (unless you elect to receive distributions in cash) on the payment date for the distribution. Cash payments may be made more than seven days following the date on which distributions would otherwise be reinvested.

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TAXATION

 

 

The tax information set forth in the Prospectus and in this section relates solely to federal tax law and assumes that the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC under that law (as discussed below). This information is only a summary of certain key federal income tax considerations affecting the Fund and its shareholders and is in addition to the information provided in the Prospectus. No attempt has been made to present a complete explanation of the federal tax treatment of the Fund or the tax implications to shareholders. The discussions here and in the Prospectus are not intended as substitutes for careful tax planning.

 

This “Taxation” section is based on the IRC, the regulations thereunder, and IRS interpretations and similar authority on which the Fund may rely, all as in effect on the date hereof, as well as on court decisions through that date. Future legislative, regulatory or administrative changes or court decisions may significantly change the tax rules applicable to the Fund and its shareholders. Any of these changes or court decisions may have a retroactive effect.

 

This is for general information only and not tax advice. Each investor should consult their own tax advisor as to the federal, state, local, and foreign tax provisions applicable to them.

 

A. Qualification for Treatment as a Regulated Investment Company

 

The Fund has elected and intends to qualify, or, if newly organized, intends to elect and qualify for each taxable year as a RIC under the IRC. This qualification does not involve governmental supervision of management or investment practices or policies of the Fund.

 

The taxable year-end of the Fund is December 31, which is the same as the Fund’s fiscal year-end.

 

Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company. As a RIC, the Fund will not be subject to federal income tax on the portion of its investment company taxable income (generally, interest, dividends, the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss, net gains and losses from certain foreign currency transactions and other ordinary income, net of expenses, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and net capital gain (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) that it distributes to shareholders. To qualify to be taxed as a RIC for a taxable year, the Fund must satisfy the following requirements, among others:

 

The Fund must distribute an amount equal to the sum of at least 90% of its investment company taxable income for the taxable year (“Distribution Requirement”). Certain distributions made by the Fund after the close of its taxable year are considered distributions attributable to that taxable year for purposes of satisfying this requirement.

 

The Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income for the taxable year from (1) dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including gains from options) derived from its business of investing in securities or those currencies and (2) net income from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (“QPTP”) (“Gross Income Requirement”). A QPTP is defined as a “publicly traded partnership” (generally, a partnership the interests in which are “traded on an established securities market” or are “readily tradable on a secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof)”) that derives less than 90% of its gross income from income described in clause (1).

 

The Fund must satisfy the following asset diversification requirements (“Diversification Requirements”) at the close of each quarter of the taxable year: (1) at least 50% of the value of its total assets must consist of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and securities of other issuers, with these other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount that does not exceed 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and that does not represent more than 10% of the issuer’s outstanding voting securities (equity securities of a QPTP being considered voting securities for these purposes); and (2) no more than 25% of the value of its total assets may be invested in (a) the securities of any one issuer (other than U.S. government securities and securities of other RICs), (b) the securities (other than securities of other RICs) of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or (c) the securities of one or more QPTPs.

 

In some circumstances, the character and timing of income realized by the Fund for purposes of the Gross Income Requirement or the identification of the issuer for purposes of the Diversification Requirements is uncertain under current law with respect to a particular investment, and an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to such type of investment may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to satisfy these requirements. See, “Certain Tax Rules Applicable to Fund Transactions” below with respect to the application of these requirements to certain types of investments. In other circumstances, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio holdings in order to meet the Gross Income Requirement, Distribution Requirement, or Diversification Requirements, which may have a negative impact on the Fund’s income and performance.

29

 

Failure to Qualify. If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify for treatment as a RIC, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) would be subject to tax at the corporate income tax rate without any deduction for dividends paid to shareholders, and the dividends would be taxable to the shareholders as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (except that, for individual and certain other non-corporate shareholders, the part thereof that is “qualified dividend income” (as described below) would be subject to federal income tax at the rates for net capital gain − a maximum rate of 15% or 20%, depending on a shareholder’s level of taxable income and the shareholder’s filing status − and those dividends would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction available to corporations under certain circumstances). Furthermore, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions before requalifying for RIC treatment. The Board reserves the right not to maintain the qualification of the Fund as a RIC if it determines such a course of action to be beneficial to shareholders.

 

Failure to qualify for treatment as a RIC would thus have a negative impact on the Fund’s after-tax performance. It is possible that the Fund will not qualify as a RIC in any given taxable year.

 

If the Fund fails to satisfy the Gross Income Requirement for any taxable year, it nevertheless will be considered to have satisfied that requirement for that year if, among other things, the failure “is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect” and the Fund pays a tax in an amount equal to the excess of its gross income that is not qualifying income for purposes of that requirement over one-ninth of its gross income that is such qualifying income.

 

If the Fund fails to satisfy either of the Diversification Requirements at the close of any quarter of its taxable year by reason of a discrepancy existing immediately after its acquisition of any security that is wholly or partly the result of that acquisition during that quarter, it will not lose its status for that quarter as a RIC if the discrepancy is eliminated within 30 days after the quarter’s close. If the Fund fails to satisfy either of the Diversification Requirements (other than a “de minimis” failure, as defined in the IRC) for a quarter and the preceding sentence does not apply, it nevertheless will be considered to have satisfied those requirements for that quarter if, among other things, the failure “is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect” and the Fund disposes of the assets that caused the failure within six months after the last day of the quarter in which it identifies the failure in the manner to be prescribed by the IRS; in that case, the Fund will also be liable for a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the amount determined by multiplying the net income generated by those assets for the period from the date the failure occurs to the date of disposition thereof by the rate of tax applicable to corporations.

 

Portfolio Turnover. For investors that hold their Fund shares in a taxable account, a high portfolio turnover rate may result in higher taxes. This is because a fund with a high turnover rate is likely to accelerate the recognition of capital gains and more of such gains are likely to be taxable as short-term rather than long-term capital gains in contrast to a comparable fund with a low turnover rate. Any such higher taxes would reduce the Fund’s after-tax performance.

 

Deferral of Late Year Losses. The Fund may elect to treat part or all of any “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in determining the Fund’s taxable income, net capital gain, net short-term capital gain, and earnings and profits. The effect of this election is to treat any such “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in characterizing Fund distributions for any calendar year. A “qualified late year loss” includes:

 

any net capital loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, or, if there is no such loss, any net long-term capital loss or any net short-term capital loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year (“post-October capital losses”), and

 

the sum of (1) the excess, if any, of (a) specified losses incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, over (b) specified gains incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year and (2) the excess, if any, of (a) ordinary losses incurred after December 31 of the current taxable year, over (b) the ordinary income incurred after December 31 of the current taxable year.

 

The terms “specified losses” and “specified gains” mean ordinary losses and gains from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of property (including the termination of a position with respect to such property), foreign currency losses and gains, and losses and gains resulting from holding stock in a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for which a mark-to-market election is in effect. The terms “ordinary losses” and “ordinary income” mean other ordinary losses and income that are not described in the preceding sentence.

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Undistributed Capital Gains. The Fund may retain or distribute to shareholders its net capital gain for each taxable year. The Fund currently intends to distribute net capital gains. If the Fund elects to retain its net capital gain, the Fund will be taxed thereon (except to the extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the corporate income tax rate. If the Fund elects to retain its net capital gain, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to have shareholders treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and will increase the tax basis for its shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.

 

B. Fund Distributions

 

Each distribution by the Fund will be treated in the manner described below regardless of whether the distribution is paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares of the Fund (or of another fund). If the shareholder receives a distribution in the form of a reinvestment in additional shares, the shareholder will be treated as having received a distribution in an amount equal to the fair market value of the shares received, determined as of the reinvestment date.

 

Distributions of Net Investment Income. The Fund anticipates distributing substantially all of its investment company taxable income for each taxable year. The Fund receives income generally in the form of dividends and/or interest on its investments. The Fund may also recognize ordinary income from other sources, including, but not limited to, certain gains on foreign currency-related transactions. This income, less expenses incurred in the operation of the Fund, constitutes the Fund’s net investment income from which dividends may be paid to you. If a shareholder is a taxable investor, these distributions generally will be taxable to the shareholder as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund’s earnings and profits.

 

Qualified Dividend Income for Individuals. A portion of the Fund’s distributions may be treated as “qualified dividend income,” taxable to individuals and certain other non-corporate shareholders at maximum federal tax rates of 15% or 20%, depending on a shareholder’s level of taxable income and the shareholder’s filing status. A distribution is treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder to the extent that (1) the Fund receives dividend income from taxable domestic corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations, provided that holding period and certain other requirements are met, and (2) the shareholder meets those requirements with respect to Fund shares on which the distribution is paid. To the extent that the Fund’s distributions are attributable to other sources, such as interest or capital gains, the distributions will not be treated as qualified dividend income. The Fund’s distributions of dividends that it receives from U.S. real estate investment trusts, derivatives, fixed income securities, and PFICs generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.

 

Dividends-Received Deduction for Corporations. For corporate shareholders, a portion of the dividends paid by the Fund may qualify for the 50% corporate dividends-received deduction. The portion of dividends paid by the Fund that so qualifies will be reported by the Fund to shareholders each year and cannot exceed the gross amount of dividends received by the Fund from domestic (U.S.) corporations. The availability of the dividends-received deduction is subject to certain holding period and debt financing restrictions that apply to both the Fund and the investor. Specifically, the amount that the Fund may report as eligible for the dividends-received deduction will be reduced or eliminated if the shares on which the dividends earned by the Fund were debt-financed or held by the Fund for less than a minimum period of time, generally 46 days during a 91-day period beginning 45 days before the stock becomes ex-dividend. Similarly, if your Fund shares are debt-financed or held by you for less than a 46-day period then the dividends-received deduction for Fund dividends on your shares may also be reduced or eliminated. Income derived by the Fund from investments in derivatives, fixed income and foreign securities generally is not eligible for this treatment.

 

Distributions of Capital Gains. The Fund anticipates distributing substantially all of its net capital gain (after reduction for any capital loss carryovers, i.e., unutilized capital losses from prior taxable years) for each taxable year. These distributions generally will be made only once a year, usually in December, but the Fund may make additional distributions of net capital gain at any time during the year. The Fund may derive capital gain and loss in connection with sales or other dispositions of its portfolio securities. Distributions derived from the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss will be taxable to you as ordinary income. Distributions paid from the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss will be taxable to you as long-term capital gain, regardless of how long you have held your shares in the Fund. These distributions will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction or as qualified dividend income for non-corporate shareholders.

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Return of Capital. A distribution by the Fund that does not constitute an ordinary income dividend or capital gain dividend will be treated as a return of capital. A return of capital distribution will reduce the shareholder’s tax basis of shares and will be treated as gain from the sale of the shares to the extent the basis would be reduced below zero. Return of capital distributions can occur for a number of reasons, including, among others, the Fund over-estimates the income to be received from certain investments.

 

Capital Loss Carryovers. The capital losses of the Fund, if any, do not flow through to shareholders. Rather, the Fund may use its capital losses, subject to applicable limitations, to offset its capital gains without being required to pay taxes on or distribute to shareholders such gains that are offset by the losses. If the Fund has a “net capital loss” (that is, capital losses in excess of capital gains), the excess (if any) of the Fund’s net short-term capital losses over its net long-term capital gains is treated as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year, and the excess (if any) of the Fund’s net long-term capital losses over its net short-term capital gains is treated as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year. Any such net capital losses of the Fund that are not used to offset capital gains may be carried forward indefinitely to reduce any future capital gains realized by the Fund in succeeding taxable years. All capital loss carryovers are listed in the Fund’s financial statements.

 

The amount of capital losses that can be carried forward and used in any single year is subject to an annual limitation if there is a more than 50% “change in ownership” of the Fund. An ownership change generally results when shareholders owning 5% or more of the Fund increase their aggregate holdings by more than 50% over a three-year look-back period. An ownership change could result in capital loss carryovers being used at a slower rate, thereby reducing the Fund’s ability to offset capital gains with those losses. An increase in the amount of taxable gains distributed to the Fund’s shareholders could result from an ownership change. The Fund undertakes no obligation to avoid or prevent an ownership change, which can occur in the normal course of shareholder purchases and redemptions or as a result of engaging in a tax-free reorganization with another fund. Moreover, because of circumstances beyond the Fund’s control, there can be no assurance that the Fund will not experience, or has not already experienced, an ownership change. Additionally, if the Fund engages in a tax-free reorganization with another fund, the effect of these and other rules not discussed herein may be to disallow or postpone the use by the Fund of its capital loss carryovers (including any current year losses and built-in losses when realized) to offset its own gains or those of the other fund, or vice versa, thereby reducing the tax benefits Fund shareholders would otherwise have enjoyed from use of such capital loss carryovers.

 

Impact of Realized but Undistributed Income and Gains, and Net Unrealized Appreciation of Portfolio Securities. When a shareholder purchases shares, the NAV of their shares may reflect undistributed net investment income, undistributed capital gains or net unrealized appreciation in the value of the assets of the Fund. A distribution of that income or gain (including net gain, if any, from realizing all or part of that appreciation) will be taxable to a shareholder in the manner described above, although the distribution economically constitutes a partial return of capital to the shareholder unless the shareholder is investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. The Fund may be able to reduce the amount of such distributions from capital gains by utilizing its capital loss carryovers, if any.

 

Dividends Declared in December and Paid in January. Ordinarily, a shareholder is required to take distributions by the Fund into income in the year in which they are made. A distribution declared in October, November or December of any year and payable to shareholders of record on a specified date in one of those months, however, is deemed to be paid by the Fund and received by them on December 31 of that year if the distribution is paid in January of the following year.

 

Annual Statements. The Fund will send information annually to its shareholders regarding the federal income tax status of distributions made (or deemed made) during the year.

 

Medicare Tax. An individual is required to pay a 3.8% federal tax on the lesser of (1) the individual’s “net investment income,” which generally includes dividends, interest and net gains from the disposition of investment property (including dividends and capital gain distributions the Fund pays and net gains realized on the redemption or other taxable disposition of Fund shares) reduced by the deductions properly allocable to such income, or (2) the excess of the individual’s “modified adjusted gross income” over a threshold amount ($250,000 for married persons filing jointly and $200,000 for single taxpayers). This tax is in addition to any other taxes due on that income. A similar tax applies to estates and trusts. This Medicare tax, if applicable, is reported by you on, and paid with, your federal income tax return. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, this provision may have on their investment in Fund shares.

 

Pass Through of Foreign Tax Credits. If more than 50% of the Fund’s total assets at the end of a fiscal year is invested in foreign securities, the Fund may elect to pass through to you your pro rata share of foreign taxes paid by the Fund. If this election is made, the Fund may report more taxable income to you than it actually distributes. You will then be entitled either to deduct your share of these taxes in computing your taxable income, or to claim a foreign tax credit for these taxes against your U.S. federal income tax (subject to limitations for certain shareholders). The Fund will provide you with the information necessary to claim this deduction or credit on your personal income tax return if it makes this election. No deduction for foreign tax may be claimed by a noncorporate shareholder who does not itemize deductions or who is subject to the alternative minimum tax. Shareholders may be unable to claim a credit for the full amount of their proportionate shares of the foreign income tax paid by the Fund due to certain limitations that may apply. The Fund reserves the right not to pass through to its shareholders the amount of foreign income taxes paid by the Fund. Additionally, any foreign tax withheld on payments made “in lieu of” dividends or interest will not qualify for the pass through of foreign tax credits to shareholders.

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C. Certain Tax Rules Applicable to Fund Transactions

 

Set forth below is a general description of the tax treatment of certain types of securities, investment techniques and transactions that may apply to the Fund and, in turn, affect the amount, character and timing of dividends and distributions payable by a Fund to its shareholders. This section should be read in conjunction with the discussion above under “Investment Policies and Risks” for a detailed description of the various types of securities and investment techniques that apply to a Fund.

 

Investments in Foreign Currencies and Securities. Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates that occur between the time that the Fund accrues interest, dividends or other receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time that the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities are treated as ordinary income or ordinary losses. Similarly, gains or losses from the disposition of a foreign currency, or from the disposition of a fixed-income security denominated in a foreign currency that are attributable to fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the asset and the date of its disposition, also are treated as ordinary income or ordinary losses. These gains or losses increase or decrease the amount of the Fund’s investment company taxable income available to be distributed to its shareholders as ordinary income, rather than increasing or decreasing the amount of the Fund’s net capital gain and may cause some or all of the Fund’s previously distributed income to be classified as a return of capital.

 

PFIC Investments. If the Fund owns shares in a foreign corporation that constitutes a PFIC for federal income tax purposes and the Fund does not make either of the elections described in the next two paragraphs, it will be subject to federal income taxation on a portion of any “excess distribution” it receives from the PFIC or any gain it derives from the disposition of such shares, even if it distributes such income as a taxable dividend to its shareholders. The Fund may also be subject to additional interest charges in respect of deferred taxes arising from such distributions or gains. Any tax paid by the Fund as a result of its ownership of shares in a PFIC will not give rise to any deduction or credit to the Fund or to any shareholder. A PFIC is any foreign corporation (with certain exceptions) that, for the taxable year, either (1) derives at least 75% of its gross income for the taxable year from “passive income” (including interest, dividends, royalties, rents and annuities) or (2)  on average, at least 50% of the value (or adjusted tax basis, if elected) of the assets it holds produce, or are held for the production of, “passive income.” The Fund’s distributions of income from any PFICs will not be eligible for the 15% or 20% maximum federal income tax rate on individuals’ “qualified dividend income” described above.

 

The Fund could elect to “mark-to-market” stock in a PFIC. Under such an election, the Fund would include in gross income (and treat as ordinary income) at the end of the Fund’s fiscal and excise tax years an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the PFIC stock as of the close of such year over the Fund’s adjusted basis in the PFIC stock. The Fund would be allowed a deduction for the excess, if any, of that adjusted basis over that fair market value, but only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included by the Fund for prior taxable years. The Fund’s adjusted basis in the PFIC stock would be adjusted to reflect the amounts included in, or deducted from, income under this election. Amounts so included, as well as gain realized on the disposition of the PFIC stock, would be treated as ordinary income. The deductible portion of any mark-to-market loss, as well as loss realized on the disposition of the PFIC stock to the extent that such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included by the Fund, would be treated as ordinary loss. The Fund generally would not be subject to the deferred tax and interest charge provisions discussed above with respect to PFIC stock for which a mark-to-market election has been made. Foreign companies are not required to identify themselves as PFICs. Due to various complexities in identifying PFICs, the Fund can give no assurances that it will be able to identify portfolio securities in foreign corporations that are PFICs in time for the Fund to make a mark-to-market election.

 

If the Fund purchases shares in a PFIC and elects to treat the PFIC as a “qualified electing fund,” the Fund would be required to include in its income each year a portion of the ordinary income and net capital gains of the PFIC, even if the income and gains were not distributed to the Fund. Any such income would be subject to the Distribution Requirement and the calendar year Excise Tax distribution requirement described below. In most instances it will be very difficult, if not impossible, to make this election because some of the information required to make this election may not be easily obtainable.

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Investors should be aware that the Fund may not be able, at the time it acquires a foreign corporation’s shares, to ascertain whether the corporation is a PFIC and that a foreign corporation may become a PFIC after the Fund acquires shares therein. While the Fund generally will seek not to invest in PFIC shares to avoid the tax consequences detailed above, there are no guarantees that it will be able to do so and it reserves the right to make such investments as a matter of its investment policy.

 

Investments in Convertible Debt Securities. Convertible debt is ordinarily treated as a “single property” consisting of a pure debt interest until conversion, after which the investment becomes an equity interest. If the security is issued at a premium (i.e., for cash in excess of the face amount payable on retirement), the creditor-holder may amortize the premium over the life of the bond. If the security is issued for cash at a price below its face amount, the creditor-holder must accrue original issue discount in income over the life of the debt. The creditor-holder’s exercise of the conversion privilege is treated as a nontaxable event. Mandatorily convertible debt (e.g., an exchange traded note or ETN issued in the form of an unsecured obligation that pays a return based on the performance of a specified market index, exchange currency, or commodity) is often, but not always, treated as a contract to buy or sell the reference property rather than debt. Similarly, convertible preferred stock with a mandatory conversion feature is ordinarily, but not always, treated as equity rather than debt. Dividends received generally are qualified dividend income and eligible for the corporate dividends-received deduction. In general, conversion of preferred stock for common stock of the same corporation is tax-free. Conversion of preferred stock for cash is a taxable redemption. Any redemption premium for preferred stock that is redeemable by the issuing company might be required to be amortized under original issue discount principles. A change in the conversion ratio or conversion price of a convertible security on account of a dividend paid to the issuer’s other shareholders may result in a deemed distribution of stock to the holders of the convertible security equal to the value of their increased interest in the equity of the issuer. Thus, an increase in the conversion ratio of a convertible security can be treated as a taxable distribution of stock to a holder of the convertible security (without a corresponding receipt of cash by the holder) before the holder has converted the security.

 

Investments in Securities of Uncertain Tax Character. The Fund may invest in securities the U.S. federal income tax treatment of which may not be clear or may be subject to recharacterization by the IRS. To the extent the tax treatment of such securities or the income from such securities differs from the tax treatment expected by the Fund, it could affect the timing or character of income recognized by the Fund, requiring the Fund to purchase or sell securities, or otherwise change its portfolio, in order to comply with the tax rules applicable to RICs under the IRC. Moreover, because the tax rules applicable to derivative financial instruments are in some cases uncertain under current law, an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether the Fund has made sufficient distributions, and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements, to maintain its qualification as a RIC and avoid a fund-level tax.

 

D. Federal Excise Tax

 

A 4% non-deductible federal excise tax (“Excise Tax”) is imposed on a RIC that fails to distribute in each calendar year an amount equal to at least the sum of (1) 98.0% of its ordinary income for the calendar year plus (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ended on October 31 of such calendar year, and (3) any prior year undistributed ordinary income and capital gain net income. The Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it is subject to income tax for any taxable year ending in the calendar year.

 

For purposes of calculating the Excise Tax, the Fund (1) reduces its capital gain net income (but not below its net capital gain) by the amount of any net ordinary loss for the calendar year and (2) excludes any “specified gain” or “specified loss” (see, “Deferral of Late Year Losses” above for the definition of “specified gain” and “specified loss”) realized or sustained after October 31 of any year in determining the amount of ordinary income for the current calendar year. The Fund will include any “specified gain” or “specified loss” incurred after October 31 in determining ordinary income for the succeeding calendar year.

 

Generally, the Fund intends to make sufficient distributions prior to the end of each calendar year to avoid any material liability for federal income and Excise Tax, but can give no assurances that all or a portion of such liability will be avoided. In addition, under certain circumstances, temporary timing or permanent differences in the realization of income and expense for book and tax purposes can result in the Fund having to pay an Excise Tax. Shareholders should note, however, that the Fund may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate portfolio investments to make sufficient distributions to avoid Excise Tax liability.

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E. Redemption of Shares

 

In general, you will recognize gain or loss on a redemption of Fund shares in an amount equal to the difference between the proceeds of the redemption and your adjusted tax basis in the shares. Any redemption fees you incur on shares redeemed will decrease the amount of any capital gain (or increase any capital loss) you realize on the sale. All or a portion of any loss so recognized may be disallowed if you purchase Fund shares (for example, by reinvesting dividends) within 30 days before or after a redemption (i.e., a wash sale). If disallowed, the loss would be reflected in an upward adjustment to the basis in the purchased shares. In general, any gain or loss arising from a redemption of shares of the Fund will be considered a capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares were held for longer than one year. Any capital loss arising from a redemption of shares held for six months or less, however, will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of distributions of net capital gain, if any, received on such shares. In determining the holding period of shares for this purpose, any period during which your risk of loss is offset by means of options, short sales or similar transactions is not counted. Capital losses in any year are deductible only to the extent of capital gains plus, in the case of a non-corporate taxpayer, $3,000 of ordinary income.

 

Tax Basis Information. The Fund is required to report to you and the IRS annually on Form 1099-B the cost basis of shares purchased or acquired where the cost basis of the shares is known by the Fund (referred to as “covered shares”). However, cost basis reporting is not required for certain shareholders, including shareholders investing in the Fund through a tax-advantaged retirement account, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account.

 

When required to report cost basis, the Fund will calculate it using the Fund’s default method, unless you instruct the Fund to use a different calculation method. For additional information regarding the Fund’s available cost basis reporting methods, including its default method, please contact the Fund. If you hold your Fund shares through a broker (or other nominee), please contact that broker (nominee) with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections for your account.

 

The IRS permits the use of several methods to determine the cost basis of mutual fund shares. The method used will determine which specific shares are deemed to be sold when there are multiple purchases on different dates at differing share prices, and the entire position is not sold at one time. The Fund does not recommend any particular method of determining cost basis, and the use of other methods may result in more favorable tax consequences for some shareholders. It is important that you consult with your tax advisor to determine which method is best for you and then notify the Fund if you intend to utilize a method other than the Fund’s default method for covered shares. If you do not notify the Fund of your elected cost basis method upon the initial purchase into your account, the default method will be applied to your covered shares.

 

The Fund will compute and report the cost basis of your Fund shares sold or exchanged by taking into account all of the applicable adjustments to cost basis and holding periods as required by the IRC and Treasury regulations for purposes of reporting these amounts to you and the IRS. However the Fund is not required to, and in many cases the Fund does not possess the information to, take all possible basis, holding period or other adjustments into account in reporting cost basis information to you. Therefore, shareholders should carefully review the cost basis information provided by the Fund.

 

Reportable Transactions. Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to the Fund’s shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder (or certain greater amounts over a combination of years), the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

 

Deferral of Basis. If a shareholder (a) incurs a sales load in acquiring shares of the Fund, (b) disposes of such shares less than 91 days after they are acquired, and (c) subsequently acquires shares of the Fund or another fund by Jan. 31 of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the disposition of the original shares occurred at a reduced sales load pursuant to a right to reinvest at such reduced sales load acquired in connection with the acquisition of the shares disposed of, then the sales load on the shares disposed of (to the extent of the reduction in the sales load on the shares subsequently acquired) shall not be taken into account in determining gain or loss on the shares disposed of, but shall be treated as incurred on the acquisition of the shares subsequently acquired. The wash sale rules may also limit the amount of loss that may be taken into account on disposition after such adjustment.

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F. State and Local Taxes

 

The tax rules of the various states and their local jurisdictions with respect to an investment in the Fund can differ from the federal income tax rules described above. These state and local rules are not discussed herein. You are urged to consult your tax advisor as to the consequences of state and local tax rules with respect to an investment in the Fund.

 

G. Backup Withholding

 

By law, the Fund may be required to withhold a portion of your taxable dividends and sales proceeds unless you:

 

provide your correct social security or taxpayer identification number,

 

certify that this number is correct,

 

certify that you are not subject to backup withholding, and

 

certify that you are a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident alien).

 

The Fund also must withhold if the IRS instructs it to do so. When withholding is required, the amount will be 24% of any distributions or proceeds paid. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the IRS. Certain payees and payments are exempt from backup withholding and information reporting.

 

H. Foreign Income Tax

 

Investment income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries and gains that it realizes on the disposition of foreign securities may be subject to foreign income taxes withheld at the source and the amount of tax withheld generally will be treated as an expense of the Fund. The United States has entered into tax treaties with many foreign countries that may entitle the Fund to a reduced rate of such taxes or exemption from taxes on such income. Some countries require the filing of a tax reclaim or other forms to receive the benefit of the reduced tax rate; whether or when the Fund will receive the tax reclaim is within the control of the individual country. Information required on these forms may not be available such as shareholder information therefore, the Fund may not receive the reduced treaty rates or potential reclaims. Other countries have conflicting and changing instructions and restrictive timing requirements which may cause the Fund not to receive the reduced treaty rates or potential reclaims. Other countries may subject capital gains realized by the Fund on sale or disposition of securities of that country to taxation. It is impossible to know the effective rate of foreign tax in advance, since the amount of the Fund’s assets to be invested within various countries cannot be determined. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may elect to pass-through the amount of foreign taxes paid by the Fund to shareholders, although it reserves the right not to do so. If the Fund makes such an election and obtains a refund of foreign taxes paid by the Fund in a prior year, the Fund may be eligible to reduce the amount of foreign taxes reported by the Fund to its shareholders, generally by the amount of the foreign taxes refunded, for the year in which the refund is received.

 

I. Non-U.S. Investors

 

Fund shares generally are not sold outside the United States. However, non-U.S. investors (shareholders who, as to the U.S., are nonresident alien individuals, foreign trusts or estates, foreign corporations, or foreign partnerships) may be subject to U.S. withholding and estate tax and are subject to special U.S. tax certification requirements. Non-U.S. investors should consult their tax advisors about the applicability of U.S. tax withholding and the use of the appropriate forms to certify their status.

 

In general. Non-U.S. investors may be subject to U.S. withholding tax at a 30% or lower treaty rate and U.S. estate tax and are subject to special U.S. tax certification requirements to avoid backup withholding and claim any treaty benefits. Exemptions from U.S. withholding tax are provided for certain capital gain dividends paid by a Fund from net long-term capital gains, interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends, if such amounts are reported by a Fund. However, notwithstanding such exemptions from U.S. withholding at the source, any such dividends and distributions of income and capital gains will be subject to backup withholding at a rate of 24% if you fail to properly certify that you are not a U.S. person.

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Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”). Under FATCA, a Fund will be required to withhold a 30% tax on income dividends made by the Fund to certain foreign entities, referred to as foreign financial institutions or nonfinancial foreign entities, that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. After December 31, 2018, FATCA withholding also would have applied to certain capital gain distributions, return of capital distributions and the proceeds arising from the sale of Fund shares; however, based on proposed regulations issued by the IRS, which can be relied upon currently, such withholding is no longer required unless final regulations provide otherwise (which is not expected). A Fund may disclose the information that it receives from its shareholders to the IRS, non-U.S. taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA or similar laws. Withholding also may be required if a foreign entity that is a shareholder of a Fund fails to provide the Fund with appropriate certifications or other documentation concerning its status under FATCA.

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OTHER MATTERS

 

 

A. The Trust and Its Shareholders

 

General Information. The Fund is a separate series of the Trust. The Trust is an open-end investment management company organized under Delaware law as a statutory trust on July 30, 2012. The Trust’s trust instrument (the “Trust Instrument”) permits the Trust to offer separate series (“funds”) of shares of beneficial interest (“shares”). The Trust reserves the right to create and issue shares of additional funds. The Trust and each fund will continue indefinitely until terminated. Each fund is a separate mutual fund, and each share of each fund represents an equal proportionate interest in that fund. All consideration received by the Trust for shares of any fund and all assets of such fund belong solely to that fund and would be subject to liabilities related thereto. The other funds of the Trust are described in one or more separate Statements of Additional Information.

 

Shareholder Voting and Other Rights. Each share of a fund and each class of shares has equal dividend, distribution, liquidation and voting rights. Fractional shares have those rights proportionately, except that expenses related to the distribution of shares of each fund or class (and certain other expenses such as transfer agency, shareholder service and administration expenses) are borne solely by those shares. Each fund or class votes separately with respect to the provisions of any Rule 12b-1 plan that pertains to the fund or class and other matters for which separate fund or class voting is appropriate under applicable law. Generally, shares will be voted separately by each fund except if: (1) the 1940 Act requires shares to be voted in the aggregate and not by individual funds; or (2) the Board determines that the matter affects more than one fund and all affected funds must vote. The Board may also determine that a matter only affects certain funds or classes of the Trust and thus that only those funds or classes are entitled to vote on the matter. Delaware law does not require the Trust to hold annual meetings of shareholders, and it is anticipated that shareholder meetings will be held only when specifically required by federal or state law. There are no conversion or preemptive rights in connection with shares of the Trust.

 

All shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the offering, will be fully paid and non-assessable.

 

A shareholder in a fund is entitled to the shareholder’s pro rata share of all distributions arising from that fund’s assets and, upon redeeming shares, will receive the portion of the fund’s net assets represented by the redeemed shares.

 

Shareholders representing 10% or more of the Trust’s (or a fund’s) shares may, as set forth in the Trust Instrument, call meetings of the Trust (or fund) for any purpose related to the Trust (or fund), including, in the case of a meeting of the Trust, the purpose of voting on removal of one or more Trustees.

 

Pursuant to Delaware law, the Trust’s Trust Instrument places certain limitations on the ability of shareholders to bring derivative actions on behalf of the Trust and certain direct claims. Such limitations include, but are not limited to, that (i) a pre-suit demand must be made on the Board; (ii) to the maximum extent permitted by law, the demand must be executed by at least three unaffiliated and unrelated shareholders who hold shares representing 10% or more of the all shares issued and outstanding or of the series or classes thereof to which such action relates if it does not relate to all series and classes thereof; (iii)   the Trustees shall consider such request within a time frame that the Trustees in their discretion consider reasonable and appropriate; (iv) the Trustees shall be entitled to retain counsel or other advisers in considering the merits of the request and, to the maximum extent permitted by law, shall require an undertaking by the shareholder (or shareholders) making such request to reimburse the Trust for the expense of any such advisers in the event that the Trustees determine not to bring such action; (v) to the maximum extent permitted by law, any decision by the Trustees relating to the matter shall be final and binding upon the shareholders, and judicially unreviewable; and (vi) to the maximum extent permitted by law, a shareholder may bring a direct action or claim only if the shareholder (or group of shareholders) has suffered an injury distinct from that suffered by shareholders of the Trust or the relevant series or a class thereof generally; and (vii) to the maximum extent permitted by law, a shareholder may bring a direct action or claim predicated upon an express or implied right of action under the Declaration of Trust or the 1940 Act (excepting rights of action permitted under Section 36(b) of the 1940 Act), only if the shareholder (or group of shareholders) has obtained authorization from the Trustees to bring the action or claim.

 

The Trust’s Trust Instrument also places limitations on the forum in which claims against the Trust may be heard. Unless the Board of Trustees consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, any suit, action or proceeding brought by or in the right of any shareholder or any person claiming any interest in any shares seeking to enforce any provision of, or based on any matter arising out of, related to, or in connection with, the Trust’s Trust Instrument, including without limitation any claim of any nature against the Trust, any series or class, the Trustees or officers of the Trust, or a service provider shall be brought exclusively in the Delaware Court of Chancery to the extent that court has subject matter jurisdiction over the action or claims asserted and otherwise in the courts of the State of Delaware to the extent there is subject matter jurisdiction in those courts for the claims asserted. Accordingly, shareholders may have to bring suit in what they may consider to be an inconvenient and potentially less favorable forum. The limitations described above relating to derivative actions and choice of forum do not apply to claims asserted under the federal securities laws, to the extent that any such federal laws, rules or regulations do not permit such application.

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Termination or Reorganization of Trust or its Series. The Board, may, without prior shareholder approval, change the form of organization of the Trust by merger, consolidation or incorporation, so long as the surviving entity is an open-end management investment company. Under the Trust Instrument, the Trustees may also, without shareholder vote, sell and convey all or substantially all of the assets of the Trust to another trust, partnership, association or corporation, or cause the Trust to incorporate in the State of Delaware, so long as the surviving entity is an open-end management investment company that will succeed to or assume the Trust’s registration statement.

 

Under the Trust Instrument, the Board may sell or convey the assets of a fund or reorganize such fund into another investment company registered under the 1940 Act without a shareholder vote.

 

B. Fund Ownership

 

A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund. A control person is a shareholder who owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledges the existence of control. Shareholders owning voting securities in excess of 25% may determine the outcome of any matter affecting and voted on by shareholders of the Fund.

 

The Fund is newly organized and has not yet commenced operations.

 

C.Limitations on Shareholders’ and Trustees’ Liability

 

D.Proxy Voting Procedures

 

The Trust’s and the Adviser’s proxy voting procedures are included in Appendices B and C, respectively. Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the 12-month period ended June 30 will be available: (1) without charge, upon request, by contacting the Transfer Agent at (844) 347-2140 (toll free); and (2) on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

E. Code of Ethics

 

The Trust and the Adviser have each adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. These codes of ethics permit, subject to certain conditions, personnel of each of those entities to invest in securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund. The Distributor relies on the principal underwriters exception under Rule 17j-1(c)(3), specifically where the Distributor is not affiliated with the Trust or the Adviser, and no officer, director or general partner of the Distributor serves as an officer, director or general partner of the Trust or the Adviser.

 

F. Registration Statement

 

This SAI and the Prospectus do not contain all of the information included in the Trust’s registration statement filed with the SEC under the 1933 Act with respect to the securities offered hereby. The registration statement, including the exhibits filed therewith, may be examined at the office of the SEC in Washington, D.C. The SEC maintains a website (www.sec.gov) that contains this SAI, any material incorporated by reference, and other information regarding the Fund.

 

G. Financial Statements

 

The Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm, BBD, audits and reports on the Fund’s annual financial statements. The financial statements include the schedule of investments, statement of assets and liabilities, statement of operations, statement of changes in net assets, financial highlights, notes and report of independent registered public accounting firm. Shareholders will receive annual audited financial statements and semi-annual unaudited financial statements.

 

Delaware law provides that Fund shareholders are entitled to the same limitations of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations for profit. In addition, the Trust Instrument contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses of the Trust. The Trust Instrument provides that if any shareholder or former shareholder of any fund is held personally liable, solely by reason of having been a shareholder (and not because of their acts or omissions or for some other reason), the shareholder or former shareholder shall be entitled out of assets belonging to the applicable fund to be held harmless from and indemnified against all losses and expenses arising from such liability. The Trust Instrument also provides that the Trust, on behalf of a fund, shall, upon request by a shareholder or former shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation of that fund and satisfy any judgment thereon from the assets belonging to the fund. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which Delaware law does not apply, no contractual limitation of liability is in effect, and the Fund is unable to meet its obligations.

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No trustee or officer of the Trust is responsible or liable to the Trust, its shareholders or another trustee or other person that is a party to or is otherwise bound by the Trust’s Trust Instrument for any act or omission, breach of contract, breach of duties or for neglect or wrongdoing of the Trustee or officer or any officer, agent, representative, employee, adviser, principal underwriter or independent contractor to the Trust. However, no trustee or officer is protected under the Trust Instrument against liability to the Trust or its shareholders to which such trustee or officer would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of their duties. All persons contracting with or having a claim against the Trust or a particular fund may only look to the Trust assets (or assets belonging to a fund) for payment under such contract or claim. Neither the trustees nor any of the Trust’s officers or employees (whether past, present or future) are personally liable for such claims.

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APPENDIX A – DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS

 

 

Corporate and Municipal Long-Term Bond Ratings

 

Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) Corporate and Municipal Long-Term Bond Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of S&P’s long-term corporate and municipal bond ratings have been published by Standard & Poor’s Financial Service LLC.

 

AAA    - An obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is extremely strong.

 

AA   - An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.

 

A - An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.

 

BBB   - An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

 

BB, B, CCC, CC, and C - Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’, and ‘C’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘C’ the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

 

BB  - An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

 

B - An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

 

CCC    - An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

 

CC  - An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘CC’ rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but S&P Global Ratings expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.

 

C - An obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared with obligations that are rated higher.

 

D - An obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within the next five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or the next 30 calendar days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. A rating on an obligation is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed debt restructuring.

 

Plus (+) or Minus (-) - The ratings from ‘AA’ to ‘CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the rating categories.

 

NR - This indicates that a rating has not been assigned or is no longer assigned.

A-1

 

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) Long-Term Corporate Bond Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of Moody’s long-term corporate bond ratings have been published by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and Moody’s Analytics Inc.

 

Aaa - Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.

 

Aa - Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.

 

A - Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.

 

Baa - Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.

 

Ba - Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.

 

B - Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.

 

Caa - Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative, of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.

 

Ca - Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.

 

C - Obligations rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.

 

Modifiers: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.

 

Additionally, a “(hyb)” indicator is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms. By their terms, hybrid securities allow for the omission of scheduled dividends, interest, or principal payments, which can potentially result in impairment if such an omission occurs. Hybrid securities may also be subject to contractually allowable write-downs of principal that could result in impairment. Together with the hybrid indicator, the long-term obligation rating assigned to a hybrid security is an expression of the relative credit risk associated with that security.

 

Moody’s U.S. Municipal Long-Term Bond Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of Moody’s long-term municipal bond ratings have been published by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and Moody’s Analytics Inc.

 

Aaa - Issuers or issues rated Aaa demonstrate the strongest creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.

 

Aa - Issuers or issues rated Aa demonstrate very strong creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.

 

A - Issuers or issues rated A present above-average creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.

 

Baa - Issuers or issues rated Baa represent average creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.

 

Ba - Issuers or issues rated Ba demonstrate below-average creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.

 

B - Issuers or issues rated B demonstrate weak creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.

A-2

 

Caa - Issuers or issues rated Caa demonstrate very weak creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.

 

Ca - Issuers or issues rated Ca demonstrate extremely weak creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.

 

C - Issuers or issues rated C demonstrate the weakest creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.

 

Modifiers: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating category from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the issuer or obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.

 

Fitch Ratings Ltd. (“Fitch”) Corporate Bond Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of Fitch’s long-term corporate bond ratings have been published by Fitch, Inc. and Fitch Ratings Ltd.

 

AAA   - Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.

 

AA   - Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.

 

A - High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.

 

BBB   - Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that expectations of credit risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate, but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.

 

BB  - Speculative. ‘BB’ ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to credit risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met.

 

B - Highly speculative. ‘B’ ratings indicate that material credit risk is present.

 

CCC - Substantial credit risk. ‘CCC’ ratings indicate that substantial credit risk present.

 

CC - Very high levels of credit risk. ‘CC’ ratings indicate very high levels of credit risk.

 

C - Exceptionally high levels of credit risk. ‘C’ indicates exceptionally high levels of credit risk.

 

Defaulted obligations typically are not assigned ‘RD’ or ‘D’ ratings, but are instead rated in the ‘CCC’ to ‘C’ rating categories, depending upon their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. This approach better aligns obligations that have comparable overall expected loss but varying vulnerability to default and loss.

 

Plus (+) or Minus (-) The modifiers “+” or “-” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ obligation rating category, or to corporate finance obligation ratings in the categories below ‘CCC’.

 

The terms “investment grade” and “speculative grade” have established themselves over time as shorthand to describe the categories ‘AAA’ to ‘BBB’ (investment grade) and ‘BB’ to ‘D’ (speculative grade). The terms “investment grade” and “speculative grade” are market conventions, and do not imply any recommendation or endorsement of a specific security for investment purposes. “Investment grade” categories indicate relatively low to moderate credit risk, while ratings in the “speculative” categories signal either a higher level of credit risk or that a default already occurred.

A-3

 

Fitch’s Municipal Bond Long-Term Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of Fitch’s long-term municipal bond ratings have been published by Fitch, Inc. and Fitch Ratings Ltd.

 

AAA   - Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.

 

AA  - Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.

 

A - High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.

 

BBB   - Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate, but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.

 

BB  - Speculative. ‘BB’ ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time.

 

B - Highly speculative. ‘B’ ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment.

 

CCC   - Substantial credit risk. ‘CCC’ ratings indicate that there is a very low margin for safety, and that default is a real possibility.

 

CC- Very high levels of credit risk. ‘CC’ ratings indicate default of some kind appears probable.

 

C - Exceptionally high levels of credit risk. ‘C’ ratings indicate default appears imminent or inevitable.

 

D - Default. ‘D’ ratings indicate a default. Default generally is defined as one of the following:

 

failure to make payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of the rated obligation;

 

the bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of the business of an issuer/obligor where payment default on an obligation is a virtual certainty; or

 

distressed exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation to avoid a probable payment default.

 

Plus (+) or Minus (-) - The modifiers “+” or “-”may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ Long-Term Rating category, or to Long-Term Rating categories below ‘CCC’.

 

Municipal Short-Term Bond Ratings

 

S&P’s Municipal Short-Term Bond Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of S&P’s short-term municipal ratings have been published by Standard & Poor’s Financial Service LLC.

 

SP-1 - Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.

A-4

 

SP-2 - Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.

 

SP-3 - Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

 

D - 'D' is assigned upon failure to pay the note when due, completion of a distressed debt restructuring, or the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions.

 

Moody’s Municipal Short-Term Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of Moody’s short-term municipal ratings have been published by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and Moody’s Analytics Inc.

 

MIG 1 - This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

 

MIG 2 - This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.

 

MIG 3 - This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.

 

SG - This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.

 

Fitch’s Municipal Short-Term Credit Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of Fitch’s municipal short-term credit ratings have been published by Fitch, Inc. and Fitch Ratings Ltd.

 

F1 - Highest short-term credit quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.

 

F2 - Good short-term credit quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.

 

F3 - Fair short-term credit quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.

 

B - Speculative short-term credit quality. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

 

C - High short-term default risk. Default is a real possibility.

 

RD - Restricted default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically, applicable to entity ratings only.

 

D - Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.

 

Short-Term Credit Ratings

 

S&P’s Short-Term Credit Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of S&P’s short-term credit ratings have been published by Standard & Poor’s Financial Service LLC.

 

A-1 - A short-term obligation rated ‘A-1’ is rated in the highest category by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on these obligations is extremely strong.

A-5

 

A-2 - A short-term obligation rated ‘A-2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is satisfactory.

 

A-3 - A short-term obligation rated ‘A-3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken an obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

 

B - A short-term obligation rated ‘B’ is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.

 

C - A short-term obligation rated ‘C’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

 

D - A short-term obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed debt restructuring.

 

Dual Ratings – Dual ratings may be assigned to debt issues that have a put option or demand feature. The first component of the rating addresses the likelihood of repayment of principal and interest as due, and the second component of the rating addresses only the demand feature. The first component of the rating can relate to either a short-term or long-term transaction and accordingly use either short-term or long-term rating symbols. The second component of the rating relates to the put option and is assigned a short-term rating symbol (for example, ‘AAA/A-1+’ or ‘A-1+/A-1’). With U.S. municipal short-term demand debt, the U.S. municipal short-term note rating symbols are used for the first component of the rating (for example, ‘SP-1+/A-1+’).

 

Moody’s Short-Term Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of Moody’s short-term credit ratings have been published by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and Moody’s Analytics Inc.

 

P-1 – Ratings of Prime-1 reflect a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.

 

P-2 – Ratings of Prime-2 reflect a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.

 

P-3 – Ratings of Prime-3 reflect an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.

 

NP - Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

 

Fitch’s Short-Term Ratings:

 

The following descriptions of Fitch’s short-term credit ratings have been published by Fitch, Inc. and Fitch Ratings Ltd.

 

F1 - Highest short-term credit quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.

 

F2 - Good short-term credit quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.

 

F3 - Fair short-term credit quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.

 

B - Speculative short-term credit quality. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

 

C - High short-term default risk. Default is a real possibility.

A-6

 

RD - Restricted default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically, applicable to entity ratings only.

 

D - Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a specific short-term obligation.

A-7

 

APPENDIX B – TRUST PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES

 

 

Forum Funds II
Shareholder Voting Policy

 

As of June 13, 2013

 

SECTION 1. BACKGROUND

 

The Trust exercises its shareholder voting responsibilities as an investor in other issuers as a fiduciary, with the goal of maximizing the value of the Trust’s and its shareholders’ investments. This Policy details the Trust’s policy with respect to shareholder voting.

 

SECTION 2. ADVISER RESPONSIBILITIES

 

(A)   Delegation by Board. Each Fund has delegated to the Adviser the authority to vote as a shareholder of issuers whose securities are held in its portfolio. The Adviser shall maintain and the Board shall approve voting procedures related to the Adviser acting on behalf of the Fund in accordance with its fiduciary duties and the best interests of Fund shareholders.

 

(B)   Delivery of Proxies. The Adviser is responsible for coordinating the delivery of proxies to be voted by the Custodian to the Adviser or to an agent of the Adviser selected by the Adviser to vote proxies with respect to which the Adviser has such discretion (a “Proxy Voting Service”). Upon request, the Adviser shall provide periodic reports to the Board as to the implementation and operation of its shareholder voting policies and procedures as they relate to the Trust.

 

(C)   Conflicts of Interest. The Trust recognizes that under certain circumstances an Adviser or Proxy Voting Service may have a conflict of interest in voting on behalf of a Fund. A conflict of interest includes any circumstance when the Fund, the Adviser, the Distributor, the Proxy Voting Service or one or more of their Affiliated Persons (including officers, directors and employees) knowingly does business with, receives compensation from, or sits on the board of, a particular issuer or closely affiliated entity, and, therefore, may appear to have a conflict of interest between its own interests and the interests of Fund shareholders in how shares of that issuer are voted.

 

Each Adviser is responsible for maintaining procedures to identify and address material conflicts of interest and, when applicable, determine the adequacy of a Proxy Voting Service’s procedures to identify and address material conflicts of interest.

 

(D)   Voting Record. The Adviser shall be responsible for ensuring a voting record is maintained that includes all instances where the Fund was entitled to vote and will coordinate the annual delivery of such record to the Administrator for purposes of preparing the Trust’s annual Form N-PX filing. The voting record shall include the following information required to be reported in Form N-PX:

 

(1)The name of the issuer of the security;

 

(2)The exchange ticker symbol of the security;

 

(3)The CUSIP for the security;

 

(4)The shareholder meeting date;

 

(5)A brief identification of the matter voted on;

 

(6)Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a security holder;

 

(7)Whether the Trust cast its vote on the matter;

 

(8)How the Trust cast its vote (e.g., for or against proposal, or abstain; for or withhold regarding election of directors); and

 

(9)Whether the Trust cast its vote for or against management.

B-1

 

The Adviser shall also be responsible for ensuring information regarding how the Fund voted relating to portfolio securities during the twelve-month period ended June 30 is available on the Fund’s website or other location consistent with disclosure in the Fund’s registration statement.

 

SECTION 3: ABSTENTION

 

The Trust and an Adviser may abstain from shareholder voting in certain circumstances. Abstaining from voting may be appropriate if voting would be unduly burdensome or expensive, or otherwise not in the best interest of a Fund’s shareholders.

 

SECTION 4: BOARD REPORTING AND REVIEW

 

(A) The Adviser shall submit its voting procedures to the Board for review and approval initially and at the next regularly scheduled meeting of the Board following any material change.

 

(B) The Adviser shall report to the Board, at least quarterly, whether any conflicts of interest arose while voting as an investor in other issuers and how such conflicts were handled.

B-2

 

APPENDIX C – ADVISER PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES

 

 

SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC - Proxy Voting/Class Action Litigation

 

Background

 

An investment adviser owes a duty of care and loyalty to its clients with respect to monitoring corporate events and exercising proxy authority in the best interests of such clients. SafeGuard will adhere to Rule 206(4)-6 of the Advisers Act and applicable laws and regulations in regard to the voting of proxies. As a result, investment advisers must conduct a reasonable review into matters on which the adviser votes and to vote in the best interest of the client.

 

Policies and Procedures

 

The Fund has delegated proxy voting responsibilities to SafeGuard, subject to the Board’s oversight. In delegating proxy responsibilities, the Board has directed that proxies be voted consistent with the Fund’s and its shareholders’ best interests and incompliance with all applicable proxy voting rules and regulations. As such, SafeGuard has the authority to vote proxies with respect to securities held by the Fund over which SafeGuard has voting discretion.

 

SafeGuard will cast proxy votes in a manner that is consistent with the best interests of the Fund. Where SafeGuard undertakes proxy voting responsibilities on behalf of multiple clients, it shall consider whether it should have different voting policies for some or all of these different clients, depending on the investment strategy and objectives of each client. These proxy voting policies and procedures are designed to deal with the complexities which may arise in cases where SafeGuard’s interests conflict or appear to conflict with the interests of its clients and to provide a copy of proxy voting and these procedures upon client request. SafeGuard will also make available the record of SafeGuard’s votes promptly upon request.

 

Unless contractually obligated to vote in a certain manner, SafeGuard will reach its voting decisions independently, after appropriate investigation. It does not generally intend to delegate its decision-making or to rely on the recommendations of any third party, although it may take such recommendations into consideration. Where SafeGuard deviates from the guidelines listed below, or depends upon a third party to make the decision, the reasons shall be documented. SafeGuard may consult with such other experts, such as CPA’s, investment bankers, attorneys, etc., as it deems necessary to help reach informed decisions.

 

The CCO is responsible for monitoring the effectiveness of this policy.

 

SafeGuard generally will monitor proposed corporate actions and proxy issues regarding client securities and may take any of the following actions based on the best interests of its clients: (i) determine how to vote the proxies; (ii) abstain; or (iii) follow the recommendations of an independent proxy voting service in voting the proxies.

 

In general, SafeGuard will determine how to vote proxies based on reasonable judgment of the vote most likely to produce favorable financial results for its clients. Proxy votes generally will be cast in favor of proposals that maintain or strengthen the shared interests of shareholders. Proxy votes generally will be cast against proposals having the opposite effect. SafeGuard will always consider each side of each proxy issue.

 

Non-Voting of Proxies

 

SafeGuard will generally not vote proxies in the following situations:

 

Where SafeGuard and client have agreed in advance to limit the conditions under which SafeGuard would exercise voting authority;

 

Proxies are received for equity securities where, at the time of receipt, SafeGuard’s position, across all clients that it advises, is less than, or equal to, 1% of the total outstanding voting equity (an "immaterial position"); or

 

Where SafeGuard has determined that refraining is in the best interest of the client, such as when the cost to the client of voting the proxy is greater than the expected benefit of voting (e.g. voting a foreign security that is required to be made in person);

C-1

 

Proxies are received for equity securities where, at the time of receipt, SafeGuard’s clients no longer hold that position.

 

Management Proposals

 

SafeGuard will generally vote for routine matters proposed by issuer management, such as setting a time or place for an annual meeting, changing the name or fiscal year of SafeGuard, or voting for directors in favor of the management proposed slate. Other routine matters in which SafeGuard will generally vote along with company management include: appointment of auditors; fees paid to board members; and change in the board structure. SafeGuard will generally vote along with management as long as the proposal does not: i) measurably change the structure, management, control or operations of SafeGuard; ii) measurably change the terms of, or fees or expenses associated with, an investment in SafeGuard; and (iii) the proposal is consistent with customary industry standards and practices, as well as the laws of the state of incorporation applicable to SafeGuard. Routine matters may not necessitate the same level of analysis than non-routine matters.

 

Non-Routine Matters

 

Non-routine matters include such things as:

 

Amendments to management incentive plans;

 

The authorization of additional common or preferred stock;

 

Initiation or termination of barriers to takeover or acquisition;

 

Mergers or acquisitions;

 

Changes in the state of incorporation;

 

Corporate reorganizations;

 

Term limits for board members; and

 

"Contested" director slates.

 

In non-routine matters, SafeGuard will attempt to be generally familiar with the questions at issue. Non-routine matters will be voted on a case-by-case basis given the complexity of many of these issues. When determining how to vote non-routine matters SafeGuard shall conduct an issue-specific analysis, giving consideration to the potential effect on the value of a client’s investments, documentation of the analysis shall be maintained in SafeGuard’s proxy voting files.

 

Processing Proxy Votes

 

The CCO will be responsible for determining whether each proxy is for a "routine" matter, as described above, and whether the policy and procedures set forth herein actually address the specific issue. For proxies that are not clearly "routine", SafeGuard, in conjunction with the CCO, will determine how to vote each such proxy by applying these policies and procedures. Upon making a decision, the proxy will be executed and returned for submission to the issuer. SafeGuard’s proxy voting record will be updated at the time the proxy is submitted.

 

An independent proxy voting advisory and research firm may be appointed as a "Proxy Service" for voting SafeGuard’s proxies after approval by the CCO.

 

Periodic Testing

 

SafeGuard shall evaluate compliance by periodically sampling the proxy votes it casts on behalf of its clients by sampling proxy votes that relate to proposals that are non-routine matters and require more issue-specific analysis (e.g., mergers and acquisition transactions, dissolutions, conversions, or consolidations).

C-2

 

Conflicts of Interest

 

Conflicts of interest between SafeGuard or a principal of SafeGuard and SafeGuard's clients with respect to a proxy issue conceivably may arise, for example, from personal or professional relationships with an issuer or with the directors, candidates for director, or senior executives of an issuer.

 

Potential conflicts of interest between SafeGuard and its clients may arise when SafeGuard’s relationships with an issuer or with a related third party actually conflict, or appear to conflict, with the best interests of SafeGuard’s clients.

 

If the issue is specifically addressed in these policies and procedures, SafeGuard will vote in accordance with these policies. In a situation where the issue is not specifically addressed in these policies and procedures and an apparent or actual conflict exists, SafeGuard shall either: i) delegate the voting decision to an independent third party; ii) inform clients of the conflict of interest and obtain advance consent of a majority of such clients for a particular voting decision; or iii) obtain approval of a voting decision from SafeGuard’s CCO, who will be responsible for documenting the rationale for the decision made and voted.

 

In all such cases, SafeGuard will make disclosures to clients of all material conflicts and will keep documentation supporting its voting decisions.

 

If the CCO determines that a material conflict of interest exists, the following procedures shall be followed:

 

1. SafeGuard may disclose the existence and nature of the conflict to the client(s) owning the securities, and seek directions on how to vote the proxies;

 

2. SafeGuard may abstain from voting, particularly if there are conflicting client interests (for example, where client accounts hold different client securities in a competitive merger situation); or

 

3. SafeGuard may follow the recommendations of an independent proxy voting service in voting the proxies.

 

Disclosure to Clients

 

A summary of SafeGuard's proxy voting policy will be included in SafeGuard's Disclosure Brochure. The full text of SafeGuard's proxy voting policy will be provided to clients upon request.

 

Form N-PX

 

The Trust will file an annual report of each proxy voted with respect to portfolio securities held by the Fund during the twelve-month period ended June 30 on Form N-PX no later than August 31 of each year. The Form N-PX filing for the Fund will be based on the proxy voting records provided by SafeGuard.

 

Class Action Lawsuits

 

From time to time, securities held in the accounts of clients will be the subject of class action lawsuits. SafeGuard has no obligation to determine if securities held by the client are subject to a pending or resolved class action lawsuit. It also has no duty to evaluate a client's eligibility or to submit a claim to participate in the proceeds of a securities class action settlement or verdict. Furthermore, SafeGuard has no obligation or responsibility to initiate litigation to recover damages on behalf of clients who may have been injured because of actions, misconduct, or negligence by corporate management of issuers whose securities are held by clients.

 

Where SafeGuard receives written or electronic notice of a class action lawsuit, settlement, or verdict directly relating to a client account, it will forward all notices, proof of claim forms, and other materials, to the client. Electronic mail is acceptable where appropriate if the client has authorized contact in this manner.

 

C-3

 

PART C OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 28. Exhibits
     
(a) (i) Certificate of Trust (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (a)(i) on Form N1-A via EDGAR on May 10, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000219).
     
  (ii) Trust Instrument as amended and restated on September 19, 2013 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (a)(ii) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 42 via Edgar on November 25, 2015, accession number 0001435109-15-001097).
     
(b)   By-laws – None.
     
(c)   Shareholders' rights are contained in Articles II, V, VI, VII, X and XI of the Registrant’s Trust Instrument.
     
(d) (1) Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and SKBA Capital Management, LLC dated November 29, 2013 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 via EDGAR on November 29, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000535).
     
  (1)(A) Appendix to Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and SKBA Capital Management, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(2)(A) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 48 via Edgar on January 8, 2016, accession number 0001145443-16-001400).
     
  (2) Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Acuitas Investments, LLC dated June 18, 2014 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 13 via EDGAR on June 30, 2014, accession number 0001435109-14-000436).
     
  (2)(A) Appendix to Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Acuitas Investments, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(5)(A) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 137 via EDGAR on June 24, 2020, accession number 0001398344-20-012763).
     
  (3) Sub-Advisory Agreement between Acuitas Investments, LLC and ClariVest Asset Management, LLC dated April 1, 2019 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(8) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 124 via EDGAR on June 21, 2019, accession number 0001398344-19-010894).
     
  (4) Investment Advisory Agreement between ABR Dynamic Funds, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(15) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 via Edgar on July 28, 2015, accession number 0001435109-15-000653).

 

 

  (4)(A) Appendix to Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and ABR Dynamic Funds, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(15)(A) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 145 via Edgar on November 25, 2020, accession number 0001398344-20-023483).
     
  (5) Sub-Advisory Agreement between Acuitas Investments, LLC and AltraVue Capital, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (d)(24) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 via EDGAR on October 24, 2018, accession number 0001398344-18-015272).
     
  (6) Sub-Advisory Agreement between Acuitas Investments, LLC and Meros Investment Management, L.P. (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 via Edgar on October 24, 2022, accession number 0001398344-22-020608).
     
  (7) Sub-Advisory Agreement between Acuitas Investments, LLC and Tieton Capital Management, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(29) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 141 via Edgar on July 31, 2020, accession number 0001398344-20-014747).
     
  (8) Sub-Advisory Agreement between Acuitas Investments, LLC and Granahan Investment Management, Inc. (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(30) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 141 via Edgar on July 31, 2020, accession number 0001398344-20-014747).
     
  (9) Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC is filed herewith.
     
  (9)(A) Investment Advisory Agreement between SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC and SG Core One CFC LTD. is filed herewith.
     
(e) (1) Distribution Agreement between Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC dated June 27, 2013 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (e) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341).
     
  (2) Novation to the Distribution Agreement between Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC dated May 31, 2017 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (e)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 77 via Edgar on April 20, 2017, accession number 0001435109-17-000212).
     
  (3) Novation to the Distribution Agreement between Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC dated September 30, 2021 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (e)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 148 via Edgar on October 22, 2021, accession number 0001398344-21-020216).
     
  (3)(A) Amended Appendix dated July 20, 2022 to Distribution Agreement between Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC is filed herewith.

 

 

(f)   Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts – None.
     
(g) (1) Custodian Agreement between Registrant and MUFG Union Bank, N.A. (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (g) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341).
     
  (1)(A) Assignment dated June 11, 2021 to the Custodian Agreement between Registrant and MUFG Union Bank, N.A. dated July 31, 2013 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (g)(1) (A) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 148 via Edgar on October 22, 2021, accession number 0001398344-21-020216).
     
  (1)(B) Amended Schedule dated December 16, 2022 to the Custodian Agreement between Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association on June 11, 2021 is filed herewith.

 

    Amendment No. 148 via Edgar on October 22, 2021, accession number 0001398344-21-020216).
     
(h) (1) Services Agreement dated July 26, 2013, as amended March 20, 2014 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (h)(1) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 10 via EDGAR on April 16, 2014, accession number 0001435109-14-000260).
     
  (1)(A) Amended Appendix dated December 30, 2022 to the to the Services Agreement dated July 26, 2013 is filed herewith.
     
  (1)(B) Fee Waiver Agreement dated October 10, 2022 between Registrant and Atlantic Fund Administration, LLC (d/b/a Apex Fund Services) (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (h)(1)(B) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 via Edgar on October 24, 2022, accession number 0001398344-22-020608).
     
  (2) Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and SKBA Capital Management, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (h)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 151 via Edgar on January 25, 2022, accession number 0001398344-22-000985).
     
  (5) Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and Acuitas Investments, (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (h)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 via Edgar on October 24, 2022, accession number 0001398344-22-020608).
     
  (6) Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and ABR Dynamic Funds, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (h)(6) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 168 via Edgar on November 23, 2022, accession number 0001398344-22-022542).
     
  (7) Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC is filed herewith.
     

 

 

(i) (1) Opinion of Counsel for the Baywood ValuePlus Fund (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (i) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 via Edgar on November 29, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000535).
     
  (2) Opinion of Counsel for the Acuitas U.S. Microcap Fund (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (i)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 via Edgar on October 24, 2022, accession number 0001398344-22-020608).
     
  (3) Opinion of Counsel for the ABR Dynamic Blend Equity & Volatility Fund (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (i)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 168 via Edgar on November 23, 2022, accession number 0001398344-22-022542).
     
  (4) Opinion of Counsel for the Baywood SociallyResponsible Fund (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (i) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 48 via Edgar on January 8, 2016, accession number 0001145443-16-001400).

 


(5)

 

Opinion of Counsel for the ABR Enhanced Short Volatility Fund (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (i) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 86 via Edgar on September 29, 2017, accession number 0001398344-17-012530). 

 

  (6) Opinion of Counsel for the ABR 75/25 Volatility Fund (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (i) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 141 via Edgar on July 31, 2020, accession number 0001398344-20-014747).
     
  (7) Opinion of Counsel for the SafeGuard Core One Fund is filed herewith.

  

(j)   Consent of BBD LLP is filed herewith.

 

(k)   None.
     
(l)   Initial Capital Agreement (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (l) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341).
     
(m)   Registrant’s Rule 12b-1 Distribution Plan, as most recently amended March 26, 2018 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (m) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 100 via EDGAR on March 27, 2018, accession number 0001398344-18-004796).
     
  (1) Amended Appendix to the restated Rule 12b-1 Distribution Plan is filed herewith.

 

 

  (2) Shareholder Services Plan adopted by the Trust (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (m)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 77 via Edgar on April 20, 2017, accession number 0001435109-17-000212).
     
(n)   Registrant’s Rule 18f-3 Plan dated July 26, 2013, as most recently amended and restated June 24, 2020 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (n) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 138 via EDGAR on June 26, 2020, accession number 0001398344-20-012876).
     
(p) (1) Code of Ethics for Registrant (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (p)(1) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 via EDGAR on December 30, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000578).
     
  (2) Code of Ethics adopted by SKBA Capital Management, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (p)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 146 via Edgar on January 25, 2021, accession number 0001398344-21-001298).
     
  (3) Code of Ethics adopted by Acuitas Investments, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (p)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 149 via Edgar on November 22, 2021, accession number 0001398344-21-021938).
     
  (4) Code of Ethics adopted by ClariVest Asset Management, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (p)(4) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 via Edgar on October 24, 2022, accession number 0001398344-22-020608).
     
  (5) Code of Ethics adopted by ABR Dynamic Funds, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (p)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 157 via Edgar on June 23, 2022, accession number 0001398344-22-012355).

 

    Exhibit (p)(18) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 144 via Edgar on October 23, 2020, accession number 0001398344-20-020573).
     
  (6) Code of Ethics adopted by AltraVue Capital, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (p)(24) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 via EDGAR on October 24, 2018, accession number 0001398344-18-015272).

 

  (7) Code of Ethics adopted by Meros Investment Management, L.P. (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (p)(8) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 157 via Edgar on June 23, 2022, accession number 0001398344-22-012355).

 

  (8) Code of Ethics adopted by Tieton Capital Management, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (p)(29) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 141 via Edgar on July 31, 2020, accession number 0001398344-20-014747).

 

 

 

  (9) Code of Ethics adopted by Granahan Investment Management, Inc. (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (p)(30) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 141 via Edgar on July 31, 2020, accession number 0001398344-20-014747).

 

  (10) Code of Ethics adopted by SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC is filed herewith.

 

Other Exhibits:

 

(A) Powers of Attorney for David Tucker, Jennifer Brown-Strabley, John Keffer and Mark Moyer, Trustees of Registrant (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Other Exhibits (A) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 25 via EDGAR on March 27, 2015, accession number 0001435109-15-000237).

 

Item 29. Persons Controlled by or under Common Control with Registrant

 

None.

 

Item 30. Indemnification

 

In accordance with Section 3803 of the Delaware Business Trust Act, Article X of the Registrant’s Trust Instrument provides as follows:

 

“ARTICLE X

 

LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION

 

Section 1. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. All persons contracting with or having any claim against the Trust or a particular Series shall look only to the assets of the Trust or Assets belonging to such Series, respectively, for payment under such contract or claim; and neither the Trustees nor any of the Trust’s officers or employees, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor. Every written instrument or obligation on behalf of the Trust or any Series may contain a statement to the foregoing effect, but the absence of such statement shall not operate to make any Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust liable thereunder. Except as required by Section 3806(e) of the Delaware Act, no Trustee or officer of the Trust shall be responsible or liable to the Trust, the Shareholders, another Trustee or other person that is a party to or is otherwise bound by this Trust Instrument for any act or omission, breach of contract, breach of duties or for neglect or wrongdoing of the Trustee or officer or any officer, agent, representative, employee, investment adviser, Principal Underwriter or independent contractor of the Trust; provided that, in compliance with Section 17(h) of the 1940 Act, nothing contained in this Trust Instrument shall protect any Trustee or officer of the Trust against liability to the Trust or to Shareholders to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office, or such other standard of care as set forth in Section 17(h) of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time.

 

Section 2. INDEMNIFICATION.

 

(a) Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in subsection (b) below:

 

(i) every person who is, or has been, a Trustee or an officer, employee or agent of the Trust, including persons who act at the request of the Trust as directors, trustees, officers, employees or agents of another organization in which the Trust has an interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise (“Covered Person”) shall be indemnified by the Trust or the appropriate Series to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he or she becomes involved

 

 

as a party or otherwise by virtue of his or her being or having been a Covered Person and against amounts paid or incurred by him or her in the settlement thereof.

 

(ii) as used herein, the words “claim,” “action,” “suit” or “proceeding” shall apply to all claims, actions, suits or proceedings (whether civil, criminal or administrative proceedings, regulatory investigations, or other proceedings, including appeals), actual or threatened, and the words “liability” and “expenses” shall include, without limitation, counsel fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and other liabilities.

 

(b) No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person if there has been a determination that such Covered Person engaged in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office: (i) by the court or other body approving a settlement or before which the action was adjudicated; (ii) by at least a majority of those Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor are parties to the matter based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); or (iii) by written opinion of independent legal counsel based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry).

 

(c) The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of a Covered Person. Nothing contained herein shall affect any rights to indemnification to which Trust personnel other than Covered Persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.

 

(d) To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, expenses in connection with the preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit or proceeding of the character described in subsection 0 of this Section 2 shall be paid by the Trust or applicable Series from time to time prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person that such amount will be paid over by him or her to the Trust or applicable Series if it is ultimately determined that he or she is not entitled to indemnification under this Section 2; provided, however, that, with regard to an agent, in addition (a) such agent shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking, (b) the Trust is insured against losses arising out of any such advance payments, or (c) either a majority of the Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the proceeding, or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review of the readily available facts (as opposed to a trial-type inquiry or full investigation), that there is reason to believe that such agent will be found entitled to indemnification.

 

(e) Any repeal or modification of this ARTICLE X by the Shareholders, or adoption or modification of any other provision of this Trust Instrument or the By-laws inconsistent with this ARTICLE X, shall be prospective only, to the extent that such repeal or modification would, if applied retrospectively, adversely affect any limitation on the liability of any Covered Person or indemnification available to any Covered Person with respect to any act or omission which occurred prior to such repeal, modification or adoption.

 

Section 3. INDEMNIFICATION OF SHAREHOLDERS. If any Shareholder or former Shareholder of any Series is held personally liable solely by reason of his, her or its being or having been a Shareholder and not because of his, her or its acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Shareholder or former

 

Shareholder (or his, her or its heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives or, in the case of any entity, its general successor) shall be entitled out of the Assets belonging to the applicable Series to be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such Liability. The Trust, on behalf of the affected Series, shall, upon request by such Shareholder or former Shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against him, her or it for any act or obligation of the Series and satisfy any judgment thereon from the Assets belonging to the Series.”

 

With respect to indemnification of an adviser to the Trust, the Investment Advisory Agreements between the Trust and each of SKBA Capital Management, LLC, Acuitas Investments, LLC, ABR Dynamic Funds, LLC, and SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC include language similar to the following:

 

(a) The Trust shall expect of the Adviser, and the Adviser will give the Trust the benefit of, the Adviser’s best judgment and efforts in rendering its services to the Trust. The Adviser shall not be liable hereunder for any mistake of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any investment or for any act or omission taken or in any event whatsoever with respect to the Trust, the Fund or any of the Fund’s shareholders in the absence of bad faith, willful

 

 

misfeasance or gross negligence in the performance of the Adviser’s duties or obligations under this Agreement or by reason of the Adviser’s reckless disregard of its duties and obligations under this Agreement.

 

(b) Adviser shall not be liable for the errors of other service providers to the Trust, including the errors of pricing services, administrator, fund accountant, custodian or transfer agent to the Trust, unless such errors arise from the Adviser’s providing false or misleading information to other service providers. The Adviser shall not be liable to the Trust for any action taken or failure to act in good faith reliance upon: (i) information, instructions or requests, whether oral or written, with respect to the Fund made to the Adviser by a duly authorized officer of the Trust; (ii) the advice of counsel to the Trust; and (iii) any written instruction or certified copy of any resolution of the Board or any agent of the Board.

 

(c) The Adviser agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Trust, each Fund and their respective employees, agents, trustees and officers against and from any and all claims, demands, actions, suits, judgments, liabilities, losses, damages, costs, charges, fees and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) of every nature and character arising out of or in any way related to (i) any breach of the Adviser’s obligations under this Agreement, (ii) any acts or failures to act of Adviser for which the Adviser would be liable under Section 5(a), (iii) any material breach of a representation or warranty of the Adviser set forth in this Agreement and (iv) claims or demands by any employee, agent, trustee, member or manager of the Adviser in their capacity as such. The Trust is hereby authorized to deduct any amounts payable in respect of the Adviser’s indemnification obligations hereunder from any fees payable to the Adviser pursuant to Section 4(a).

 

(d) The Adviser shall not be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in performance of its obligations under this Agreement arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its reasonable control including, but not limited to, acts of civil or military authority, national emergencies, labor difficulties (other than those related to the Adviser’s employees), fire, mechanical breakdowns, flood or catastrophe, acts of God, insurrection, war, riots or failure of the mails, transportation, communication or power supply.

 

With respect to indemnification of the underwriter of the Trust, Section 8 of the Distribution Agreement provides:

 

A. Distributor acknowledges and agrees that certain large and significant brokerdealers, such as (without limitation) Merrill Lynch, UBS and Morgan Stanley (all such brokers referred to herein as the “Brokers”), require that Distributor enter into dealer agreements (the “Non-Standard Dealer Agreements”) that contain certain representations, undertakings and indemnification that are not included in the Standard Dealer Agreement.

 

B. To the extent that Distributor is requested or required by the Client to enter into any Non-Standard Dealer Agreement, the Client shall indemnify, defend and hold the Distributor Indemnitees free and harmless from and against any and all Losses that any Distributor Indemnitee may incur arising out of or relating to (a) The Distributor’s actions or failures to act pursuant to any Non-Standard Dealer Agreement; (b) any representations made by The Distributor in any Non-Standard Dealer Agreement to the extent that The Distributor is not required to make such representations in the Standard Dealer Agreement; or (c) any indemnification provided by The Distributor under a Non-Standard Dealer Agreement to the extent that such indemnification is beyond the indemnification The Distributor provides to intermediaries in the Standard Dealer Agreement. In no event shall anything contained herein be so construed as to protect the Distributor Indemnitees against any liability to the Client or its shareholders to which the Distributor Indemnitees would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of Distributor’s obligations or duties under the Non-Standard Dealer Agreement or by reason of Distributor’s reckless disregard of its obligations or duties under the Non-Standard Dealer Agreement.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

 

Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser

 

(a) SKBA Capital Management, LLC

 

With respect to SKBA Capital Management, LLC, the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file

 

with the SEC (File No. 801-56391). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.

 

(b) Acuitas Investments, LLC 

 

With respect to Acuitas Investments, LLC, the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-79447). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.

 

(c) ClariVest Asset Management, LLC 

 

With respect to ClariVest Asset Management, LLC, the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-66386). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.

 

(d) ABR Dynamic Funds, LLC 

 

With respect to ABR Dynamic Funds, LLC, the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-80044). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.

 

(e) AltraVue Capital, LLC

 

With respect to AltraVue Capital, LLC the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-113312). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.

 

(f) Meros Investment Management, L.P.

 

With respect to Meros Investment Management, L.P. the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-117225). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.

 

(g) Tieton Capital Management, LLC

 

With respect to Tieton Capital Management, LLC the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-66657). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.

 

(h) Granahan Investment Management, INC.

 

With respect to Granahan Investment Management, INC. the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-23705). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov

 

 

Item 32(a) Foreside Fund Services, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of ACA Group (the “Distributor”), serves as principal underwriter for the following investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended:

 

1. AB Active ETFs, Inc. 114. Overlay Shares Large Cap Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
2. ABS Long/Short Strategies Fund 115. Overlay Shares Municipal Bond ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
3. Absolute Shares Trust 116. Overlay Shares Short Term Bond ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
4. Adaptive Core ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust 117. Overlay Shares Small Cap Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
5. AdvisorShares Trust 118. Palmer Square Opportunistic Income Fund
6. AFA Multi-Manager Credit Fund 119. Partners Group Private Income Opportunities, LLC
7. AGF Investments Trust 120. Performance Trust Mutual Funds, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
8. AIM ETF Products Trust 121. Perkins Discovery Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
9. Alexis Practical Tactical ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 122. Philotimo Focused Growth and Income Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
10. Alpha Intelligent – Large Cap Growth ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 123. Plan Investment Fund, Inc.
11. Alpha Intelligent – Large Cap Value ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 124. PMC Funds, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
12. AlphaCentric Prime Meridian Income Fund 125. Point Bridge America First ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
13. American Century ETF Trust 126. Preferred-Plus ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
14. Amplify ETF Trust 127. Putnam ETF Trust
15. Applied Finance Core Fund, Series of World Funds Trust   128. Quaker Investment Trust
16. Applied Finance Explorer Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 129. Rareview Dynamic Fixed Income ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
17. Applied Finance Select Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 130. Rareview Inflation/Deflation ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
18. ARK ETF Trust 131. Rareview Systematic Equity ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
19. ASYMmetric ETFs Trust 132. Rareview Tax Advantaged Income ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
20. B.A.D. ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 133. Renaissance Capital Greenwich Funds
21. Bitwise Funds Trust 134. Revere Sector Opportunity ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
22. Bluestone Community Development Fund 135. Reynolds Funds, Inc.
23. BondBloxx ETF Trust 136. RiverNorth Enhanced Pre-Merger SPAC ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
24. Braddock Multi-Strategy Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust 137. RiverNorth Patriot ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust (f/k/a RiverNorth Volition America Patriot ETF)

 

 

25. Bridgeway Funds, Inc. 138. RMB Investors Trust
26. Brinker Capital Destinations Trust 139. Robinson Opportunistic Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
27. Brookfield Real Assets Income Fund Inc. 140. Robinson Tax Advantaged Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
28. Build Funds Trust 141. Roundhill Ball Metaverse ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
29. Calamos Convertible and High Income Fund 142. Roundhill Cannabis ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
30. Calamos Convertible Opportunities and Income Fund 143. Roundhill IO Digital Infrastructure ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
31. Calamos Dynamic Convertible and Income Fund 144. Roundhill MEME ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
32. Calamos Global Dynamic Income Fund 145. Roundhill Sports Betting & iGaming ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
33. Calamos Global Total Return Fund 146. Roundhill Video Games ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
34. Calamos Strategic Total Return Fund 147. Rule One Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
35. Carlyle Tactical Private Credit Fund 148. Salient MF Trust
36. Cboe Vest Bitcoin Strategy Managed Volatility Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 149. Securian AM Balanced Stabilization Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
37. Cboe Vest S&P 500® Dividend Aristocrats Target Income Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 150. Securian AM Equity Stabilization Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
38. Cboe Vest US Large Cap 10% Buffer Strategies Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 151. Securian AM Real Asset Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
39. Cboe Vest US Large Cap 10% Buffer VI Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 152. SHP ETF Trust
40. Cboe Vest US Large Cap 20% Buffer Strategies Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 153. Six Circles Trust
41. Cboe Vest US Large Cap 20% Buffer VI Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 154. Sound Shore Fund, Inc.
42. Center Coast Brookfield MLP & Energy Infrastructure Fund 155. Sparrow Funds
43. Changebridge Capital Long/Short ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 156. Spear Alpha ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
44. Changebridge Capital Sustainable Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 157. STF Tactical Growth & Income ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
45. Clifford Capital Focused Small Cap Value Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 158. STF Tactical Growth ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
46. Clifford Capital International Value Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 159. Strategy Shares
47. Clifford Capital Partners Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 160. Swan Hedged Equity US Large Cap ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
48. Cliffwater Corporate Lending Fund 161. Syntax ETF Trust

 

 

49. Cliffwater Enhanced Lending Fund 162. Teucrium Agricultural Strategy No K-1 ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
50. Cohen & Steers Infrastructure Fund, Inc. 163. The Community Development Fund
51. Convergence Long/Short Equity ETF, Series of Trust for Professional Managers 164. The Finite Solar Finance Fund
52. CornerCap Group of Funds 165. The Private Shares Fund (f/k/a SharesPost 100 Fund)
53. CrossingBridge Pre-Merger SPAC ETF, Series of Trust for Professional Managers 166. The SPAC and New Issue ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
54. Curasset Capital Management Core Bond Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 167. Third Avenue Trust
55. Curasset Capital Management Limited Term Income Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 168. Third Avenue Variable Series Trust
56. Davis Fundamental ETF Trust 169. Tidal ETF Trust
57. Defiance Daily Short Digitizing the Economy ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions 170. Tidal Trust II
58. Defiance Digital Revolution ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions 171. TIFF Investment Program
59. Defiance Hotel, Airline, and Cruise ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions 172. Timothy Plan High Dividend Stock Enhanced ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
60. Defiance Next Gen Connectivity ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions 173. Timothy Plan High Dividend Stock ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
61. Defiance Next Gen H2 ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions 174. Timothy Plan International ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
62. Defiance Quantum ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions 175. Timothy Plan US Large/Mid Cap Core ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
63. Direxion Shares ETF Trust 176 Timothy Plan US Large/Mid Core Enhanced ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
64. Dividend Performers ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 177. Timothy Plan US Small Cap Core ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
65. Dodge & Cox Funds 178. Total Fund Solution
66. DoubleLine ETF Trust 179. Touchstone ETF Trust
67. DoubleLine Opportunistic Credit Fund 180. TrueShares ESG Active Opportunities ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
68. DoubleLine Yield Opportunities Fund 181. TrueShares Low Volatility Equity Income ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
69. Eaton Vance NextShares Trust 182. TrueShares Structured Outcome (April) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
70. Eaton Vance NextShares Trust II 183. TrueShares Structured Outcome (August) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
71. EIP Investment Trust 184. TrueShares Structured Outcome (December) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
72. Ellington Income Opportunities Fund 185. TrueShares Structured Outcome (February) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
73. Esoterica Thematic ETF Trust 186. TrueShares Structured Outcome (January) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

 

74. ETF Opportunities Trust 187. TrueShares Structured Outcome (July) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
75. Evanston Alternative Opportunities Fund 188. TrueShares Structured Outcome (June) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
76. Exchange Listed Funds Trust 189. TrueShares Structured Outcome (March) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
77. Fiera Capital Series Trust 190. TrueShares Structured Outcome (May) ETF, Listed Funds Trust
78. FlexShares Trust 191. TrueShares Structured Outcome (November) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
79. Forum Funds 192. TrueShares Structured Outcome (October) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
80. Forum Funds II 193. TrueShares Structured Outcome (September) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
81. Goose Hollow Tactical Allocation ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust 194. TrueShares Technology, AI & Deep Learning ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
82. Grayscale Future of Finance ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions 195. U.S. Global Investors Funds
83. Grizzle Growth ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 196. Union Street Partners Value Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
84. Guinness Atkinson Funds 197. Variant Alternative Income Fund
85. Harbor ETF Trust 198. Variant Impact Fund
86. Horizon Kinetics Blockchain Development ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 199. VictoryShares Developed Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
87. Horizon Kinetics Inflation Beneficiaries ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 200. VictoryShares Dividend Accelerator ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
88. IDX Funds 201. VictoryShares Emerging Market High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
89. Innovator ETFs Trust 202. VictoryShares Emerging Markets Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
90. Ironwood Institutional Multi-Strategy Fund LLC 203. VictoryShares International High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
91. Ironwood Multi-Strategy Fund LLC 204. VictoryShares International Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
92. John Hancock Exchange-Traded Fund Trust 205. VictoryShares International Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
93. Kelly Strategic ETF Trust 206. VictoryShares NASDAQ Next 50 ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
94. LDR Real Estate Value-Opportunity Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 207. VictoryShares Protect America ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
95. LifeGoal Conservative Wealth Builder ETF, Series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II 208. VictoryShares Top Veteran Employers ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
96. LifeGoal Home Down Payment ETF, Series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II 209. VictoryShares US 500 Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
97. LifeGoal Wealth Builder ETF, Series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II 210. VictoryShares US 500 Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II

 

 

98. Mairs & Power Balanced Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers 211. VictoryShares US Discovery Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
99. Mairs & Power Growth Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers 212. VictoryShares US EQ Income Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
100. Mairs & Power Minnesota Municipal Bond ETF, Series of Trust for Professional Managers 213. VictoryShares US Large Cap High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
101. Mairs & Power Small Cap Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers 214. VictoryShares US Multi-Factor Minimum Volatility ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
102. Manor Investment Funds 215. VictoryShares US Small Cap High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
103. Merk Stagflation ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 216. VictoryShares US Small Cap Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
104. Milliman Variable Insurance Trust 217. VictoryShares US Small Mid Cap Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
105. Mindful Conservative ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust 218. VictoryShares US Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
106. Moerus Worldwide Value Fund, Series of Northern Lights Fund Trust IV 219. VictoryShares USAA Core Intermediate-Term Bond ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
107. Mohr Growth ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust 220. VictoryShares USAA Core Short-Term Bond ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
108. Morgan Creek-Exos Active SPAC Arbitrage ETF 221. VictoryShares WestEnd US Sector ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
109. Morningstar Funds Trust 222. Walthausen Funds
110. OTG Latin American Fund, Series of World Funds Trust 223. West Loop Realty Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
111. Overlay Shares Core Bond ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 224. WisdomTree Trust
112. Overlay Shares Foreign Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 225. WST Investment Trust
113. Overlay Shares Hedged Large Cap Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust 226. XAI Octagon Floating Rate & Alternative Income Term Trust

 

Item 32(b) The following are the Officers and Manager of the Distributor, the Registrant’s underwriter. The Distributor’s main business address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101.

 

Name Address Position with Underwriter Position with Registrant
Teresa Cowan 111 E. Kilbourn Avenue, Suite 2200,
Milwaukee, WI 53202
President/Manager None
Chris Lanza

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, 

Portland, ME 04101 

Vice President None
Kate Macchia

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, 

Portland, ME 04101 

Vice President None
Nanette K. Chern

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, 

Portland, ME 04101 

Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer None
Kelly B. Whetstone

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, 

Portland, ME 04101 

Secretary None
Susan L. LaFond

111 E. Kilbourn Ave, Suite 2200, 

Milwaukee, WI 53202 

Treasurer None

 

 

Item 32(c) Not applicable.

 

Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records

 

The majority of the accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules thereunder are maintained at the offices of Apex Fund Services, Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600, Portland, Maine 04101. The records required to be maintained under Rule 31a-1(b)(1) with respect to journals of receipts and deliveries of securities and receipts and disbursements of cash are maintained at the offices of the Registrant’s custodian, as listed under “Custodian” in Part B to this Registration Statement. The records required to be maintained under Rule 31a-1(b)(5), (6) and (9) are maintained at the offices of the Registrant’s adviser or subadviser, as listed in Item 31 hereof.

 

Item 34. Management Services

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 35. Undertakings

 

Not applicable.

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirement of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it has met all of the requirements for effectiveness of this registration statement under Rule 485(b) of the Securities Act of 1933 and that it has duly caused this amendment to its registration statement on Form N-1A to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Portland, and State of Maine on December 23, 2022.

 

  FORUM FUNDS II  
       
  By: /s/ Jessica Chase  
    Jessica Chase, President  

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on December 23, 2022.

 

(a) Principal Executive Officer  
     
  /s/ Jessica Chase  
  Jessica Chase  
  Principal Executive Officer  
     
(b) Principal Financial Officer  
     
  /s/ Karen Shaw  
  Karen Shaw  
  Principal Financial Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
 
     
(c) A majority of the Trustees  
     
  /s/ Jessica Chase  
  Jessica Chase, Trustee  
     
  David Tucker, Trustee*  
     
  Mark Moyer, Trustee*  
     
  Jennifer Brown-Strabley, Trustee*  

 

  By: /s/ Zachary R. Tackett  
  Zachary R. Tackett  
  As Attorney-in-fact  

 

* Pursuant to powers of attorney previously filed.

 

 

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit Description
(d)(9) Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC is filed herewith.
(d)(9)(A) Investment Advisory Agreement between SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC and SG Core One CFC LTD. is filed herewith.
(e)(3)(A) Amended Appendix dated July 20, 2022 to Distribution Agreement between Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC is filed herewith.
(g)(1)(B) Amended Schedule dated December 16, 2022 to the Custodian Agreement between Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association on June 11, 2021 is filed herewith.
(h)(1)(A) Amended Appendix dated December 30, 2022 to the to the Services Agreement dated July 26, 2013 is filed herewith.
(h)(7) Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC is filed herewith.
(i)(7) Opinion of Counsel for the Safeguard Core One Fund is filed herewith.
(j) Consent of BBD LLP is filed herewith.
(m)(1) Amended Appendix to the restated Rule 12b-1 Distribution Plan is filed herewith.
(p)(10) Code of Ethics adopted by SafeGuard Asset Management, LLC is filed herewith.