Delaware
|
5050
|
46-2323674
|
||
(State or jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
|
(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
|
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
|
Large accelerated filer
|
o
|
Accelerated filer
|
o
|
Non-accelerated filer
|
o
|
Smaller reporting company
|
x
|
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
|
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered
|
Amount to be
Registered (1)
|
Proposed Maximum Offering Price Per Share (2)
|
Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price
|
Amount of Registration
Fee (3)(4)
|
||||||||||||
Shares of common stock, par value $0.0001
|
500,000
|
$ |
0.50
|
$ |
250,000
|
$ |
34.10
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|||||||||
Total shares being registered
|
500,000
|
$ |
250,000
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$ |
34.10
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Page
|
|
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
|
1 |
RISK FACTORS
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4 |
USE OF PROCEEDS
|
13 |
BUSINESS
|
13 |
DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE
|
24 |
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OR PLAN OF OPERATION
|
25 |
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS
|
28 |
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
|
29 |
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
|
30 |
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
|
31 |
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
|
33 |
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
|
34 |
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
|
35 |
EXPERTS
|
35 |
DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES ACT LIABILITIES
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35 |
LEGAL MATTERS
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36 |
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
|
36 |
PART II
|
II-1
|
Shares of our common stock offered for re-sale
by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to this prospectus
|
500,000
|
|
Common stock currently outstanding
|
51,260,000
|
|
Proceeds to the Company
|
We will not receive any proceeds from the resale or other disposition of the shares covered by this prospectus by any Selling Stockholder.
|
|
Risk Factors
|
There are significant risks involved in investing in our Company. For a discussion of risk factors you should consider before buying our common stock see “Risk Factors” beginning on page 4
|
a)
|
The agent’s customer makes an initial margin deposit into agent’s bank account or Man Loong’s bank account
|
b)
|
The agent confirms the initial margin deposit with Man Loong and Man Loong’s trading system updates the agent’s customer’s initial margin amount in the account
|
c)
|
The customer effects a purchase/sell order for a price contract for gold or silver using Man Loong’s electronic trading platform.
|
d)
|
The trade order is sent to the CGSE for confirmation. No payment is deducted from customer’s account at this stage.
|
e)
|
Immediately after the CGSE returns the confirmation code for the price contract, the profit gain/loss valuation starts taking place.
|
f)
|
The agent’s customer margin account will show gain/loss based on the gold/silver price market fluctuations while the price contract remains in open position. At this stage, no payment or cash is transferred in/out of agent’s customer account.
|
g)
|
Payment occurs only in two cases: (Case 1) the agent’s customer decides to close the trading position and places a sell contract order to close the position. If the gold/silver price appreciated and the agent’s customer made profit, the agent will make payment to the agent’s customer. (Case 2) If the agent’s customer is incurring losses from its trading position, e . g ., the market for gold has depreciated and the customer has a long position in the market, and if the loss is near 80% of the initial margin, the trading systems will request a margin call or place a stop loss order when the margin account loss is over 80%. In this case, the agent will transfer payment from agent’s customer account to the CGSE to cover the loss.
|
·
|
Has the right to collect a service fee from their customer.
|
·
|
May choose to act as counterparty to their customers’ trade.
|
·
|
Is responsible if its customer makes profit in the trade, to collect the profit from CGSE and forward it to the customers.
|
·
|
Is responsible if its customer incurs a loss in the trade, to pay the CGSE the amount of the loss if the customer defaults, such payment to be made from the agent’s or Man Loong’s bank account.
|
·
|
Is responsible to pay the trading processing fee to Man Loong. and responsible for the loss of their customers for any un-controllable trading error.
|
·
|
Owns a trading position for the amount of gold/silver stated in the price contract
|
·
|
Has the right to cancel the price contract by entering a new sell contract to offset the previous contract.
|
·
|
Has the responsibility to maintain minimum cash balance in their trading margin account
|
·
|
Is responsible for their own trading decision
|
·
|
Is responsible to pay a service fee to their agent
|
·
|
Has the right to collect a trading process fee from the agent.
|
·
|
Is responsible to provide access to its electronic trading platform to the agent’s customer
|
·
|
Is responsible to place the trade it receives from the agent’s customer into the CGSE trading platform and obtain confirmation from CGSE for the confirmation of the trade
|
·
|
Is responsible to provide the latest financial data and deliver the trade contract confirmation to the agent’s customer
|
·
|
Is responsible to provide gain/loss reports to the agent’s customer
|
●
|
To provide a trading place, facilities and related services to its members for gold, silver and precious metals transactions
|
●
|
To establish and implement rules and regulations, and to normalize transactions;
|
●
|
To supervise transaction processes, settlements and delivery arrangements;
|
●
|
To design trading contracts and regulations, and monitor the fulfillment and completion of contracts;
|
●
|
To establish and implement a risk management system to control risk in the market;
|
●
|
To establish settlement prices, and announce and disseminate market information; and
|
●
|
To supervise and examine all transactions, and to execute punishment if the act of any members violates CGSE rules and regulations.
|
Licenses
|
Issuing Authority
|
Effective Date
|
Expiration/Term
|
London Gold and Silver Trading License (AA)
|
CGSE
|
January 2010
|
N/A
|
100 Ounces Loco London Gold Contract
|
|
Fineness:
|
995 or up
|
Basic Trading Unit:
|
100 ounces
|
Price unit:
|
US/Ounces
|
Minimum Price Fluctuation:
|
USD0.01/ounces
|
10 Ounces Loco London Gold Contract
|
|
Fineness:
|
995 or up
|
Basic Trading Unit:
|
10 ounces
|
Price unit:
|
US/Ounces
|
Minimum Price Fluctuation:
|
USD0.01/ounces
|
5000 Ounces Loco London Silver Contract
|
|
Fineness:
|
9999 or up
|
Basic Trading Unit:
|
5000 ounces
|
Price unit:
|
US/Ounces
|
Minimum Price Fluctuation:
|
USD0.0001 per ounce
|
500 Ounces Loco London Silver Contract
|
|
Fineness:
|
9999 or up
|
Basic Trading Unit:
|
500 ounces
|
Price unit:
|
US/Ounces
|
Minimum Price Fluctuation:
|
USD0.0001 per ounce
|
Kilo Gold RMB Contract
|
|
Fineness:
|
9999 or up
|
Basic Trading Unit:
|
1 KG or 1000 Gram
|
Price unit:
|
RMB/Gram
|
Minimum Price Fluctuation:
|
RMB0.01 per gram
|
●
|
“Loco London Basis” refers to the method of trading used by the Loco London Gold Market in Hong Kong, which is modeled on the London Gold Market. Dealers usually quote their own books, and deal with the investors as principal. Loco London Gold is traded and quoted against US dollars and the minimum size for one contract is 100 ounces.
|
●
|
“Loco London Price” refers to the basis for virtually all market transactions in gold and silver in London. It is a quotation made by dealers based on US dollars per fine troy ounce for gold and US dollars per troy ounce for silver. Settlement and delivery for both metals is in two full business days in London after the day of the deal. From this basis price, dealers can offer material of varying fineness, bar size or form - for example, grain - at premiums to cover the costs of producing smaller, exact weight bars, or bars of a fineness above the 995 fine minimum.
|
●
|
“Troy Ounce” refers to the trading unit for gold and silver. Gold is traded in per fine troy ounce and silver is traded in per troy ounce. In the case of gold, the unit represents pure gold irrespective of the purity of a particular bar, whereas for silver it represents one ounce of material of which a minimum of 999 parts in every 1,000 will be silver. One troy ounce is equal to 1.10 ounces.
|
●
|
Customer service and trading platform capabilities. We believe that in order to compete effectively in our product market, we must constantly improve the quality of our customer service and our electronic trading platform capabilities as demanded by agents and their customers and as driven by technological change. Man Loong has established a strong team of IT specialists to help ensure that the trading platform functions without disruption and error. Man Loong has entered into licensing agreements with an affiliated company engaged in hosting its servers and the development and enhancement of its trading platform which allows Man Loong to continually improve the functionality of the trading platform in response to customer demands. In Man Loong’s offices in Hong Kong Man, Loong provides a 115 workstation trading floor where agents and their customers can access our trading platform to execute trades and obtain research information on precious metals prices and price trends.
|
●
|
Brand Recognition. We also plan on developing our brand recognition. In addition to providing high quality products and effective access to the bullion market through Man Loong’s electronic trading platform. Customers can access their account to check their gain/ loss position 24 hours a day 7 days a week through Man Loong’s electronic trading platform. We believe that in order to promote our brand recognition, strengthen the management of our distribution network and improve our sales revenue and market share, we will also need to continue expanding our sales channels in Hong Kong, China, Singapore and Vietnam. With adequate funding, we plan to acquire a number of local and overseas foreign exchange providers as well as precious metals and commodities brokers that can complement our strengths in services, integration, and implementation. We expect that this strategy will result in expanding our services to a wider customer base. As part of Man Loong’s growth strategy, in July 2013, Man Loong advanced $997,393 (RMB6,100,000) to eBullion Trade. In September 2013, eBullion Trade submitted its application for membership in the GPME and has been advised that application reviews typically take between six (6) and nine (9) months. If its membership application is accepted, eBullion Trade intends to operate an electronic trading platform for the processing of silver trades through the GPME on behalf of its agents’ customers in China. The loan is unsecured, bears no interest and matures on April 17, 2014. The principal balance is due and payable on the maturity date, however, in the event that eBullion Trade’s membership application to the GPME is approved, it has the option to repay the loan in full by transferring all of its share capital to Man Loong and upon such transfer Man Loong, will become its sole shareholder. If such option is exercised, eBullion Trade is obligated to be re-registered as a WFOE under Chinese law. By having a subsidiary that is a member of the GPME, we expect to expand our access to the Chinese market by attracting additional customers and agents. No assurance can be given, if and when eBullion Trade’s application for membership in the GPME will be approved.
|
●
|
Customers of agents use the electronic trading platform that Man Loong licenses from True Technology to place their purchase and sale of price contracts on gold and silver online. This user interface is inter-connected with a number of proxy servers and a price server which retains all pricing data feed and formulates from a spectrum of third party market pricing sources (such as M-Finance and Bloomberg). The agent’s customer’s instructions with respect to their contracts then route through the proxy servers and execute through Man Loong’s trading servers, and all trading instructions are archived in its trading database. Man Loong’s licensed electronic trading platform provides customers with information 24-hours a day regarding their account balance, number of trades they hold and up to date news regarding the trade market. Man Loong’s electronic trading platform was developed in partnership with, and is operated and maintained by our affiliate and developer of the platform, True Technology.
|
●
|
True Technology is an IT services provider owned by Mr. Choi, our Chief Executive Officer and a 49.5% stockholder and Mr. Wong, a director and a stockholder. The Company pays True Technology, a monthly flat fee for the license of the trading platform which has been customized to our specifications and hosting services. On May 27, 2011, Man Loong entered into an agreement with True Technology Company Limited for the license of the trading platform it uses and the provision of hosting services by True Technology Company Limited for an aggregate monthly fee of approximately $12,894. On April 1, 2013, Man Loong entered into a new agreement with True Technology Company Limited for the license of the technology as well as the provision of hosting services until March 31, 2015 for an aggregate monthly fee of approximately $3,868. The hosting services include physical space to house a computer system owned by True Technology Company Limited and a connection of Man Loong’s server to the internet using True Technology Company Limited’s public network connections. The agreement is subject to termination by True Technology Company Limited at any time upon provision of written notice. For the years ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, Man Loong paid True Technology an aggregate fee of $154,725 and $154,297, respectively, for the use of the platform and the hosting services.
|
Product
|
Loco London Gold*
|
Loco London Silver*
|
Contract Size (one lot)
|
100 ounces
|
500 ounces
|
Minimum price fluctuation
|
US$0.1
|
US$0.0001
|
Minimum and maximum trading volume for each order
|
Minimum: 0.1 lot
|
Minimum: 0.1 lot
|
Maximum: 100 lots
|
Maximum: 100 lots
|
|
Spread Under normal market conditions)
|
US$0.5
|
US$0.04
|
1.
|
Agent’s customer calls Man Loong’s office trade line, and is notified that the conversation will be recorded for trade record.
|
2.
|
Agent’s customer must provide his or her login ID and password for verification.
|
3.
|
Man Loong’s trading specialist provides the latest quote for gold and silver.
|
4.
|
Agent’s customer places an order based on the quote provided in step (3), and must confirm the order verbally by saying “Yes the trade is confirmed”. Confirmation is recorded and trading specialist places the order into the trading platform.
|
5.
|
The trading platform executes the trade and receives confirmation code from the CGSE. The confirmation code is updated automatically in the agent’s customer’s account statement.
|
6.
|
Phone order completed.
|
●
|
Man Loong’s Trading Platform Technology is Regularly Updated to Meet Evolving Customer Needs. Man Loong continuously carries out research and gathers data on customer behavior and trends so that it may seek to provide the best technology to meet the evolving requirements of its agents and their customers. Man Loong views itself primarily as an e-commerce trading platform provider enabling its customers to acquire and/or dispose of precious metals and precious metals contracts, at their own market risk.
|
●
|
Experienced Management Team. Man Loong’s key employees have significant experience and expertise in the application of technology and automation systems and, as significant equity owners of our Company, are heavily committed to our success. Its senior management team, in particular, has substantial experience of operating electronic trading platform an average of 10 years’ experience in the gold and silver industry between them.
|
●
|
Low Cost Structure through Automation. Man Loong's focus on automation and expense management practices enables it to operate with a low cost structure.
|
●
|
Provide 24 Hour Customer Service. We view ourselves not only as a product provider but also as a company that competes as a service provider. As such, we strive to provide first-class customer service, with a 24-hour online customer service desk to respond to customer inquiries. In addition Man Loong’s technical response team is on standby 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to provide technology assistance to agents and their customers, if and as needed.
|
Number of
|
||||
Function
|
Employees
|
|||
Senior Management
|
3 | |||
Operations
|
6 | |||
Sales and Marketing
|
4 | |||
Finance
|
5 | |||
Technology, Research and Development
|
2 | |||
Human Resource & Administration
|
2 | |||
Total
|
22 |
License
|
Issuing Authority
|
Effective Date
|
Expiration/Term
|
London Gold and Silver Trading License (AA)
|
CGSE
|
January 2010
|
N/A
|
●
|
Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) – Man Loong is subject to the laws, rules and regulations regarding trading. The Securities and Futures Commission is responsible for: maintaining and promoting the fairness, efficiency, competitiveness, transparency and orderliness of the securities and futures industry. The Commission may suppress illegal, dishonorable and improper practices in the securities and futures industry; to take appropriate steps in relation to the securities and futures industry. Regardless of the communication or delivery medium used, the Commission will continue to apply the general anti-fraud and anti-manipulation provisions of the relevant Ordinances in its enforcement actions. If any person responsible for activities over the Internet is found to have acted in contravention of the provisions of the Ordinances or appears to have been involved in any misconduct whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, the Commission may exercise its regulatory powers (including prosecution or taking other disciplinary actions as may be required); and when necessary, the Commission may consider other regulatory means available to it including seeking cooperation from foreign regulators and law enforcement agencies to take joint enforcement action, if necessary. We are prohibited from carrying on any regulated activity, as defined under the Securities and Futures Ordinance, such as dealing in securities and/or futures contracts, unless we have been granted the appropriate license(s) from the Commission.
|
●
|
Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Cap. 486 of the Laws of Hong Kong) – Man Loong is subject to data privacy laws, rules and regulations that regulate the use of customer data. In Hong Kong we are governed by the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance and as a data user we are prohibited from doing or engaging in any practice that contravenes the data protection principles set out therein.
|
●
|
Telecommunications Ordinance (Cap. 106 of the Laws of Hong Kong), Crimes Ordinance (Cap. 200 of the Laws of Hong Kong) and Theft Ordinance (Cap. 210 of the Laws of Hong Kong) – Provisions under the Telecommunications Ordinance, Crimes Ordinance and Theft Ordinance make it an offense for unauthorized access to computers by telecommunication, to access a computer with criminal or dishonest intent, and extend the meaning of criminal damage to include misuse of computer programs or data, and burglary to include unlawfully causing a computer to function other than as it has been established and altering, erasing or adding any computer program or data. In this respect, any of the above mentioned computer related crimes committed by any staff, employees or agents, will subject us to possible criminal charges and/or investigations.
|
Year ending March 31:
|
||||
2014
|
$ | 606,177 | ||
2015
|
606,177 | |||
2016
|
373,173
|
|||
$ |
1,585,527
|
True Technology
trading platform fees
|
Office lease
payments
|
Management
fees
|
||||||||||||||
2014
|
46,418
|
462,479 |
97,280
|
$ | 606,177 | |||||||||||
2015
|
46,418
|
462,479 |
97,280
|
606,177 | ||||||||||||
2016
|
- |
308,319
|
64,854
|
373,173
|
||||||||||||
92,836
|
1,233,277
|
259,414
|
$ |
1,585,527
|
Name
|
Age
|
Office(s) Held
|
||
Kee Yuen Choi
|
59
|
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
|
||
Chui Chui Li
|
30
|
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Secretary and Director
|
||
Hak Yim Wong
|
63
|
Director
|
||
Joseph Havlin
|
58
|
Director
|
||
Lai Keung Chan
|
44
|
Director
|
Name and Principal Position
|
Year
|
Salary
($)
|
Bonus
($)
|
Option
Awards
($)
|
Non-Equity Incentive
Plan Compensation
($)
|
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)
|
All Other
Compensation
($)
|
Total
($)
|
|||||||||
Kee Yuen Choi
President, Chief Executive Officer
|
2013
2012
|
15,472
15,430
|
-
-
|
-
-
|
-
-
|
-
-
|
-
-
|
15,472
15,430
|
|
||||||||
Chui Chui Li
|
2013
|
43,557
|
5,269
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
48,826 | |||||||||
Chief Financial Officer,
Treasurer, Secretary
|
2012
|
42,303
|
2,532
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
44,835 |
Fees Earned
|
Option
|
Other
|
||||||||||||||
Name
|
Paid in Cash
|
Awards
|
Compensation
|
Total
|
||||||||||||
Hak Yim Wong
|
||||||||||||||||
2013
|
$ | 15,472 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 15,472 |
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner (2)
|
Amount and
Nature of
Beneficial
Ownership
|
Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned (1)
|
||||||
Kee Yuen Choi(3)
|
25,384,000
|
49.5
|
%
|
|||||
Hak Yim Wong
|
1,878,120
|
3.7
|
%
|
|||||
Lai Keung Chan
|
14,009,760
|
27.3
|
%
|
|||||
Chui Chui Li(4)
|
20,000
|
*
|
||||||
Joseph Havlin
|
10,000
|
*
|
||||||
All directors and executive officers as a group (5 persons)
|
41,287,8800
|
80.55
|
%
|
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner (2)
|
Amount and
Nature of
Beneficial
Ownership
|
Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned (1)
|
||||||
Man Hap Dennis Yim
|
5,938,920
|
11.6
|
%
|
|||||
Yuen Fay Tse
|
3,553,200
|
6.9
|
%
|
|||||
All other shareholders with over 5% ownership as a group (2 persons)
|
9,492,1200
|
18.5
|
%
|
(1)
|
Percentage of class beneficially owned is calculated by dividing the amount and nature of beneficial ownership by the total shares of common stock outstanding plus the shares subject to warrants and options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of January 31, 2014.
|
(2)
|
Unless otherwise set forth herein, the address of each beneficial owner is 80 Broad Street, 5th Floor, New York, New York 10004
|
(3) | Includes 4,000 shares of common stock owned by Mr . Choi’s wife, Sin Yin Cheung. |
(4) |
Includes 10,000 shares of common stock owned by Ms Li’s husband Ka Ming Lau.
|
Shareholder and Name of Person Controlling
|
Number of Shares
Before Offering
|
Number of
Shares Offered
|
Date Acquired
|
Amount of Shares
Owned After Offering
|
Percent of Shares
Held After Offering
|
|||||||||
Ka Wing Kwan
|
24,000
|
24,000
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Yin Ng Ka
|
20,000
|
20,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Chu Kwan Siu
|
12,000
|
12,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Chi Ming Tsang
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Lee Mui Wong
|
16,000
|
16,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Suet Mei Chan
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
April 2, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Sau Yin Choi
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Francisco Maria Xavier
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Ka Ying Au
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Ying Hung Yuen
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Ka Ming Lau(1)
|
20,000
|
20,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Mei Ling Kwok
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Ming Fai Alexander Chan
|
8,000
|
8,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Chun Yiu Chan
|
6,000
|
6,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
Siu Yin Cheung(2)
|
25,384,000
|
4,000
|
March 27, 2013
|
25,380,000
|
49.5%
|
|||||||||
Siu Lun Kwok
|
4,000
|
4,000
|
March 27, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
Chi Ming Wong
|
4,000
|
4,000
|
March 27, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Tsz Yin Stanly Chu
|
4,000
|
4,000
|
March 27, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Hiu Yin Wong
|
4,000
|
4,000
|
March 27, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Kwok Keung Dick Wong
|
4,000
|
4,000
|
March 27, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Wai Ling Ko
|
4,000
|
4,000
|
March 27, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Hing Pan So
|
2,000
|
2,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Yuk Kit Ngai
|
2,000
|
2,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Wai Keung Hui
|
2,000
|
2,000
|
March 28, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Yusheng He
|
50,000
|
50,000
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Yee Tung Lai
|
219,500
|
219,500
|
April 3, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Chui Chui Li (3)
|
20,000
|
20,000
|
April 3, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Joseph Havlin
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Daniel Schweiger
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Ivonete Desovza
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Maria Ribeiro
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Antonio Garcia
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Sunil Garcia
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Chris Leone
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Nieolan M. Desooza
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Vincent R. Palmer
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Jacob Yoogin
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Liang Yu
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Chung Hsiang
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Liang Hui Jung
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Lily Li
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Yang Arnold
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Jimmy Tung
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Yuen Siu Mo Tung
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Anne Yon Yee Tung
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Tso Liang Dominic Tung
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Karen Hoiyan Wong
|
500
|
500
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Raymond Kong Kim
|
1,000
|
1,000
|
April 5, 2013
|
0
|
0%
|
|||||||||
Total
|
500,000
|
500,000
|
25,390,000
|
49.5%
|
●
|
ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
|
●
|
block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;
|
●
|
purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;
|
●
|
an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;
|
●
|
privately negotiated transactions;
|
●
|
broker-dealers may agree with the selling security holders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;
|
●
|
a combination of any such methods of sale; or
|
●
|
any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.
|
●
|
On April 3, 2013, we acquired Man Loong from its five shareholders, whereby we acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Man Loong, in exchange for 50,760,000 shares of our common stock. Kee Yuen Choi, our Chief Executive Officer and a director and the Chief Executive Officer and a director of Man Loong, Hak Yim Wong, our director and a director of Man Loong, Lai Keung Chan, our director and a shareholder of Man Loong, Man Hap Dennis Yim, a shareholder of ours and Man Loong’s and Yuen Fay Tse, a shareholder of ours and Man Loong’s, exchanged 5,076,000, 375,624, 2,801,952, 1,187,784 and 710,640 shares of common stock of Man Loong for 25,380,000, 1,878,120, 14,009,760, 5,938,920 and 3,553,200 shares of our common stock
|
●
|
Man Loong’s electronic precious metals trading platform was developed for its use by True Technology Company Limited, an IT services provider owned by Mr. Choi, our Chief Executive Officer and a 49.5% stockholder and Mr Wong, a director and a 3.7% stockholder. Man Loong pays True Technology, a monthly flat fee for the license of the trading platform which has been customized to our specifications and hosting services. On May 27, 2011, Man Loong entered into an agreement with True Technology Company Limited for the license of the trading platform it uses and the provision of hosting services by True Technology Company Limited for an aggregate monthly fee of $12,894. On April 1, 2013, Man Loong entered into a new agreement with True Technology Company Limited for the license of the technology as well as the provision of hosting services until March 31, 2015 for a monthly fee of approximately $3,868. The hosting services include physical space to house a computer system owned by True Technology Company Limited and a connection of Man Loong’s server to the internet using True Technology Company Limited’s public network connections. The agreement is subject to termination by True Technology Company Limited at any time upon provision of written notice. For the years ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, Man Loong paid True Technology $154,725 and $154,297, respectively for the use of the platform and hosting services.
|
●
|
Included in Man Loong’s financial statements line item “customer deposits” at March 31, 2012 are deposits amounting to $391,908 which were owed to customers of Mr. Wong, a director and shareholder which were covered under an agency agreement with Mr. Wong. That agreement expired on September 1, 2012, and in February 2013, all such customer deposits were repaid.
|
●
|
For the year ended March 31, 2012, the Mr. Choi, our chief executive officer and 49.5% shareholder and Mr. Wong, a director and 3.7% shareholder of Man Loong were paid a dividend of $321,992 each, for total dividends of $643,984.
|
●
|
Included in Man Loong’s financial statements line item “employee compensation and benefits” for the years ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 are salaries paid to Mr. Choi of $15,472 and $15,430, respectively and directors’ compensation paid to Mr. Wong of $15,472 and $15,430, respectively. For the quarters ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, salaries paid to Mr. Choi were $3,870 and $3,871, respectively and director’s compensation paid to Mr. Wong was $3,870and $3,871, respectively. For the nine months ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, salaries paid to Mr. Choi were $11,603 and $11,604, respectively and director’s compensation paid to Mr. Wong was $11,603 and $11,604, respectively. Mr. Choi is Man Loong’s chief executive officer, director and 49.5% shareholder. Mr. Wong is a director and 3.7% shareholder.
|
●
|
Included in Man Loong’s financial statements line item “related party receivable” at March 31, 2013 is a receivable of $20,257 which consist of courier charges and legal and professional fees which Man Loong paid on eBullion’s behalf.
As at December 31, 2013 and for the quarter and nine months then ended related party receivables and payables are eliminated in the preparation of the consolidated condensed financial statements of eBullion.
|
●
|
On April 5, 2013, Joseph Havlin, one of our directors, participated in our private placement as an investor and we issued 10,000 shares of our common stock to Joseph Havlin in consideration of his payment of $5,000.
|
● |
On April 5, 2013, Ms. Li Chui Chui, a director and our Chief Financial Officer, participated in our private placement as an investor and we issued 10,000 shares of our common stock to Ms Li in consideration of her payment of $5,000
|
●
|
In December 2012, Man Loong entered into a consulting agreement with Mr. Havlin for the provision by Mr. Havlin of financial advisory services for an hourly fee of $120 per hour to be increased to $150 per hour. The agreement can be terminated by Man Loong with 7 days’ notice prior to the end of any month and the agreement can be terminated by Mr. Havlin upon 30 days’ notice. During the year ended March 31, 2013, Man Loong paid Mr. Havlin $6,297 for financial consulting services advising us on the preparation of US GAAP financial statements, the preparation of SEC related filings and assisting with completing the audits of our financial statements and those of Man Loong. For the nine months ended December 31, 2013, Man Loong has paid Mr. Havlin $19,866.
|
●
|
diluting the voting or other rights of the proposed acquirer or insurgent stockholder group;
|
●
|
putting a substantial voting block in institutional or other hands that might undertake to support the incumbent board of directors; or
|
●
|
effecting an acquisition that might complicate or preclude the takeover.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of December 31 and March 31, 2013
|
(Expressed in US dollars)
|
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
|||||||
December 31,
2013
|
March 31,
2013
|
|||||||
Unaudited
|
Audited
|
|||||||
ASSETS
|
||||||||
Current Assets
|
||||||||
Cash
|
$ | 1,007,043 | $ | 1,415,630 | ||||
Commissions receivable
|
7,048 | 390,441 | ||||||
Related party receivable
|
- | 20,257 | ||||||
Deposit and prepaid expenses
|
51,218 | 163,199 | ||||||
Total current assets
|
1,065,309 | 1,989,527 | ||||||
Noncurrent Assets
|
||||||||
Deposits and prepaid expenses
|
219,989 | 191,714 | ||||||
Loan receivable from eBullion Trade
|
997,393 | - | ||||||
Equipment, net
|
325,960 | 334,909 | ||||||
Total noncurrent assets
|
1,543,342 | 526,623 | ||||||
Total assets
|
$ | 2,608,651 | $ | 2,516,150 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
||||||||
Current Liabilities
|
||||||||
Bank overdraft
|
$ | - | $ | 55,283 | ||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
|
60,345 | 9,017 | ||||||
Customer deposits
|
37,069 | 269.478 | ||||||
Income taxes
|
82,801 | 43,675 | ||||||
Total current liabilities
|
180,215 | 377,453 | ||||||
Non-Current Liabilities
|
||||||||
Deferred income taxes payable
|
2,169 | 9,285 | ||||||
Total liabilities
|
182,384 | 386,738 | ||||||
Commitments
|
||||||||
Shareholders’ Equity
|
||||||||
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 51,260,000 and 50,760,000 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013
|
5,126 | 5,076 | ||||||
Additional paid in capital
|
1,544,596 | 1,304,602 | ||||||
Retained earnings
|
876,902 | 821,982 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
(357 | ) | (2,248 | ) | ||||
Total shareholders’ equity
|
2,426,267 | 2,129,412 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
|
$ | 2,608,651 | $ | 2,516,150 |
eBullion, Inc.
|
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US dollars)
|
Nine Months Ended
|
Three Months Ended
|
|||||||||||||||
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
|||||||||||||
REVENUES
|
||||||||||||||||
Commission revenue
|
$ | 2,344,903 | $ | 858,434 | $ | 358,925 | $ | 410,107 | ||||||||
EXPENSES
|
||||||||||||||||
General and administrative
|
1,583,832 | 946,673 | 424,485 | 388,981 | ||||||||||||
Employee compensation and benefits
|
592,967 | 365,489 | 196,189 | 123,626 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization
|
60,186 | 6,168 | 20,167 | 2,057 | ||||||||||||
Total expenses
|
2,236,985 | 1,318,330 | 640,841 | 514,664 | ||||||||||||
INCOME(LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES
|
107,918 | (459,896 | ) | (281,916 | ) | (104,557 | ) | |||||||||
INCOME TAX PROVISION (BENEFIT)
|
||||||||||||||||
Current
|
39,065 | - | (38,758 | ) | - | |||||||||||
Deferred
|
(7,125 | ) | (83,411 | ) | (2,320 | ) | (19,818 | ) | ||||||||
Total income tax provision (benefit)
|
31,940 | (83,411 | ) | (41,078 | ) | (19,818 | ) | |||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS)
|
75,978 | (376,485 | ) | (240,838 | ) | (84,739 | ) | |||||||||
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
|
||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation
|
1,891 | 2,486 | (428 | ) | 641 | |||||||||||
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
|
$ | 77,869 | $ | (373,999 | ) | $ | (241,266 | ) | $ | (84,098 | ) | |||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted
|
51,260,000 | 10,152,000 | 51,260,000 | 10,152,000 | ||||||||||||
BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share
|
$ | 0.00 | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | 0.00 | $ | (0.01 | ) |
eBullion, Inc.
|
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
For the Nine Month Periods Ended of December 31, 2013 and 2012.
|
(Expressed in US dollars)
|
Accumulated
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock
|
Additional
|
Other
|
Total
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Number of
|
Par |
Paid in
|
Retained
|
Comprehensive
|
Shareholders’
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Man Loong
|
Shares
|
Value
|
Capital
|
Earnings
|
Income (Loss)
|
Equity
|
||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE, March 31, 2012
|
10,152,000 | $ | 1,309,678 | $ | - | $ | 284,096 | $ | (2,001 | ) | $ | 1,591,773 | ||||||||||||
Net loss
|
- | - | - | (376,485 | ) | - | (376,485 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment
|
- | - | - | - | 2,486 | 2,486 | ||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE, December 31, 2012 (unaudited)
|
10,152,000 | 1,309,678 | $ | - | $ | (92,335 | ) | 485 | 1,217,774 | |||||||||||||||
eBullion
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE, March 31, 2013
|
50,760,000 | $ | 5,076 | $ | 1,304,602 | $ | 800,924 | $ | (2,248 | ) | $ | 2,108,354 | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from private placement
|
500,000 | 50 | 239,994 | - | - | 240,044 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income
|
- | - | - | 75,978 | - | 75,978 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment
|
- | - | - | - | 1,891 | 1,891 | ||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE, December 31, 2013 (unaudited)
|
51,260,000 | $ | 5,126 | $ | 1,544,596 | $ | 876,902 | $ | (357 | ) | $ | 2,426,267 |
eBullion, Inc.
|
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the Nine Month Periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US dollars)
|
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
|||||||
2013
|
2012
|
|||||||
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||||
Net income (loss)
|
$ | 75,978 | $ | (376,485 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
|
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization
|
60,186 | 6,168 | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
|
||||||||
Commission receivable
|
383,723 | 385,028 | ||||||
Related party receivable
|
- | (20,014 | ) | |||||
Deposits and prepaid expenses
|
84,083 | (257,758 | ) | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
|
50,046 | 1,612 | ||||||
Customer deposits
|
(232,646 | ) | (197,178 | ) | ||||
Prepaid income taxes
|
- | (51,315 | ) | |||||
Income taxes payable
|
39,065 | - | ||||||
Deferred income taxes
|
(7,125 | ) | (133,179 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
|
453,310 | (643,121 | ) | |||||
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||||
Purchase of equipment
|
(50,924 | ) | (158,449 | ) | ||||
Loan receivable from eBullion Trade
|
(997,101 | ) | - | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities
|
(1,048,025 | ) | (158,449 | ) | ||||
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||||
Bank overdraft
|
(55,327 | ) | (166,720 | ) | ||||
Net proceeds from private placement
|
240,044 | - | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
|
184,717 | (166,720 | ) | |||||
NET DECREASE IN CASH
|
(409,998 | ) | (968,290 | ) | ||||
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH
|
1,411 | 2,315 | ||||||
Cash, beginning of period
|
1,415,630 | 1,703,019 | ||||||
Cash, end of period
|
$ | 1.007,043 | $ | 737,044 | ||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
|
||||||||
Cash paid during the period for income taxes
|
- | $ | 101,041 |
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
1.
|
Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation
|
Use of Estimates
|
|
eBullion, Inc. (“eBullion” or “the Company”) was incorporated in Delaware on January 28, 2013. On April 3, 2013, the Company’s shareholders exchanged 100% of their shares for 100% of the shares of Man Loong Bullion Company Limited (“Man Loong”) a company which was incorporated in Hong Kong in 1974, and in 2009, was re-registered under Hong Kong law as a limited liability company. Upon completion of this transaction, Man Loong became a 100% owned subsidiary of eBullion. This transaction was accounted for as a reverse take-over.
The Company provides trading services for gold and silver trading positions on Man Loong’s proprietary, 24-hour electronic trading platform, and its telephone transaction system located in Hong Kong. The Company is licensed through the Chinese Gold and Silver Exchange Society (“CGSE”) a self-regulatory organization located in Hong Kong which acts as an exchange for the trading of Kilo gold and Loco London gold and silver price indices quoted on the London Metals Exchange.
The Company is not a counter party for trades entered through its trading platform and telephone transaction system, and instead, contracts with agents who pay Man Loong a fixed commission on each trade that the Company executes for its agents and their customers.
In January 2010, the Company signed an agency agreement with one of its shareholders. Under the agreement, the shareholder agreed to indemnify the Company from any trading losses that occur from his clients that place funds on deposit with Man Loong. As of and for the period ended December 31, 2012, no trading losses were incurred by Man Loong as part of the relationship with the shareholder and his clients. The agreement expired on September 1, 2012, and effective November 2012, the Company discontinued trades that would be included under the agreement and all customer deposits related to the shareholder’s customers were repaid by February 2013.
|
|
Reverse Merger Accounting
The share exchange transaction (the “Merger”) completed on April 3, 2013 was accounted for as a recapitalization in accordance with Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Man Loong was the acquirer for financial reporting purposes and eBullion was the acquired company. Consequently, the assets and liabilities and the results of operations that are reflected in the historical financial statements prior to the Merger are those of Man Loong and are recorded using the historical cost basis. The consolidated financial statements after completion of the Merger include the assets and liabilities of eBullion and Man Loong, historical results of operations of Man Loong and results of operations of eBullion from the closing date of the Merger. Common stock and the corresponding capital amounts of the Company pre-Merger have been retroactively restated reflecting the exchange ratio in the Merger. In conjunction with the Merger, Man Loong received no cash and assumed no liabilities of eBullion. All members of eBullion’s executive management are from Man Loong.
|
|
Basis of Presentation
The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements are expressed in U.S. Dollars and are presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures required for annual financial statements have been condensed or excluded pursuant to SEC rules and regulations. Accordingly, the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature which are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. However, the results of operations for these interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending March 31, 2014. These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1. The Company’s and Man Loong’s fiscal year end is March 31.
|
|
Principles of Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended December 31, 2013 include the accounts of eBullion and its wholly owned subsidiary, Man Loong. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
|
Use of Estimates
|
|
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Changes in these estimates are recorded when known. Significant estimates made by management include:
· Valuation of assets and liabilities
· Useful lives of equipment
· Accounting for transactions with variable interest entities
· Other matters that affect the reported amounts and disclosures of contingencies in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Actual results could differ from those estimates.
|
|
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to amounts reported in the previous periods to conform to the current presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on net income (loss).
|
eBullion, Inc..
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Revenue Recognition
|
|
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, which requires that four basic criteria must be met before revenue can be recognized: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the fee is fixed and determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. The Company is not a counter party for trades executed through its trading platform and telephone transaction system and, instead, recognizes revenue to the extent of the flat-fee commission it receives on each trade.
|
|
Advertising
|
|
Advertising costs are incurred for the production and communication of advertising, as well as other marketing activities. The Company expenses the cost of advertising as incurred. The Company did not capitalize any production costs associated with advertising for the periods ended December 31, 2013 or 2012. The total amount charged to advertising expense was $1,524 and $5,161 for the nine months ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively and $132 and $5,158 for the three months ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of cash on deposit, certificates of deposits, money market accounts, and investment grade commercial paper that are readily convertible to cash and purchased with original maturities of three months or less. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had no cash equivalents.
|
eBullion, Inc..
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
|
|
ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements”, defines fair value and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash, commissions and related party receivables, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other liabilities qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest.
The standard establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy defined by the standard are as follows:
Level-1 Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments such as exchange-traded derivatives, listed equities and U.S. government treasury securities.
Level-2 Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry- standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, volatility factors, and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Instruments in this category include non-exchange-traded derivatives such as over the counter forwards, options and repurchase agreements.
Level-3 Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value from the perspective of a market participant. Level 3 instruments include those that may be more structured or otherwise tailored to customers’ needs.
Commissions Receivable
Commissions receivable represent commissions to be collected from agents for their customers’ trades executed through the balance sheet date. Commissions receivable are typically remitted to the Company within 30 days of trade execution. The Company has not historically incurred credit losses on these commissions receivable. As of December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013, the Company has no reserve for credit losses nor incurred any bad debts for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – continued
|
Deposits and Prepaid Expenses
|
|
The Company records goods and services paid for but not received until a future date as deposits and prepaid expenses. These primarily include deposits and prepayments for occupancy related expenses. Any deposit or prepaid expense to be realized beyond the next 12 months is classified as a non-current asset in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
|
|
Equipment
|
|
Equipment is stated at cost. The cost of an asset comprises its purchase price and any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its present working condition and locations for its intended use.
|
|
Equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
|
Office equipment
|
5 years
|
|
Furniture and fixtures
|
5 years
|
|
Computer equipment
|
5 years
|
Expenditure for maintenance and repairs is charged to expense as incurred. Additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized.
|
|
Gain or loss on disposal of equipment is the difference between the net sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the relevant assets, if any, and is recognized as income or loss in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
|
eBullion, Inc..
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – continued
|
Variable Interest Entity
ASC 810 Consolidations, defines a variable interest entity (“VIE”) as a legal entity, other than an individual, used for business purposes that either (a) has equity investors that do not provide sufficient financial resources for the entity to support its activities, or (b) the equity investors lack any one of the following three criteria:
· The power to direct activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance
· The obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity
· The right to receive the expected residual returns.
A legal entity is required to be consolidated by a company if that company has a controlling financial interest in the VIE. A reporting entity is deemed to have a controlling financial interest in a VIE if it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb the losses or the rights to receive the benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
The Company has determined that its loan receivable from eBullion Trade Company Limited (“eBullion Trade”) gives the Company a variable interest in eBullion Trade and that eBullion Trade is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) because the equity investor of eBullion Trade, on the date of the loan, lacked sufficient equity at risk to finance its activities without the loan. However, the Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE, because the Company does not have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and does not have an obligation to absorb its losses. Accordingly, the Company has not consolidated eBullion Trade into its condensed consolidated financial statements.
Reporting Currency and Foreign Currency Translation
|
|
As of December 31, and March 31, 2013 and for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, the accounts of the Company were maintained in their functional currencies, which is the U.S. dollar for eBullion and the Hong Kong dollar ("HK dollar") for Man Loong. The consolidated financial statements of Man Loong have been translated into U.S. dollars which is its reporting currency. All assets and liabilities of the Company are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, shareholders’ equity is translated at historical rates and the statements of comprehensive income (loss), and statements of cash flows are translated at the weighted average exchange rate for the periods. The resulting translation adjustments are reported under comprehensive income (loss) and accumulated translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity.
|
|
Foreign exchange rates used:
|
2013
|
2012
|
|||||||
Period end USD/HK$ exchange rate
|
7.7544 | 7.7509 | ||||||
Average USD/HK$ exchange rate:
|
||||||||
Nine months ended December 31
|
7.7566 | 7.7557 | ||||||
Three months ended December 31
|
7.7532 | 7.7507 | ||||||
Period end USD/RMB exchange rate
|
6.1159 | - |
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – continued
|
Long-Lived Assets
|
|
The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets when events and circumstances warrant such review. The carrying value of a long-lived assets is considered impaired when the anticipated undiscounted cash flow from such an asset is separately identifiable and is less than the carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized in the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived asset. The Company has identified no such impairment losses.
|
|
Accounts payable and Accrued Liabilities
|
|
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013 primarily represent accrued statutory bonus payable to employees in Hong Kong and audit fees payable to the Company’s auditors and accountants.
|
|
Customer Deposits
|
|
Customer deposits at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013 were opened pursuant to the Company’s agreements with certain of its independent agents. Under terms of those agreements, the Company’s accepts margin deposits for certain of the agents’ customers who prefer that the Company hold those deposits. If an agent’s customer suffers a trading loss equaling 80% or more of the customers’ deposit balance, the customer is required to increase the balance of his deposit or the customer’s trading position is closed and the deposit balance is remitted to the agent in order to fund the customers’ trading losses.
As discussed further in Note 1, customer deposits at March 31, 2012 were opened pursuant to an agency agreement with a shareholder of the Company. Under terms of that agreement, the shareholder agreed to indemnify the Company for any trading losses incurred by those customers. The agreement expired on September 1, 2012, and effective November 2012, the Company discontinued trades that would be included under the agreement and all customer deposits related to the shareholder’s customers were repaid by February 2013.
Accordingly, the Company had no risk of loss related to customer deposits at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013 and for the nine and three month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.
|
|
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
|
|
The Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 consists of adjustments resulting from translating the Company’s functional currency, the HK dollar, to its reporting currency, the U.S. dollar.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Income Taxes
|
|
The Company utilizes ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each period end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
|
|
The Company has adopted the provisions of the interpretation, of ASC 740, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. The Company did not have any material unrecognized tax benefits and there was no effect on its financial condition or results of operations as a result of implementing the interpretation. The Company files income tax returns in the United States and we are subject to federal income tax examinations for the fiscal year ended 2013 and the nine month period ended December 31, 2013. Man Loong files income tax returns in Hong Kong and is no longer subject to tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2007. At December 31, and March 31, 2013, Man Loong had no uncertain tax positions.
We have not provided for U.S. income and foreign withholding taxes on approximately $168,000 of Man Loong’s undistributed earnings for the nine month period ended December 31, 2013, because such earnings have been retained and reinvested by Man Loong. The Company does not intend to require Man Long to pay dividends for the foreseeable future and so additional income taxes and applicable withholding taxes that would result from the repatriation of such earnings are not practicably determinable.
|
|
Earnings (Loss) per Share
|
|
The Company computes earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260 Earnings Per Share. ASC 260 requires companies with complex capital structures to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income (loss) divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period.
|
|
Diluted EPS is similar to basic EPS but presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of contracts to issue ordinary common shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. The computation of diluted EPS includes the estimated impact of the exercise of contracts to purchase common stocks using the treasury stock method and the potential shares of converted common stock associated with the convertible debt using the if-converted method.
|
|
Potential common shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase earnings per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.
|
|
The Company does not have any securities that may potentially dilute its basic earnings (loss) per share.
|
|
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
|
|
Comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains or losses resulting from translating the Company’s functional currency, the HK dollar to the Company’s reporting currency, U.S. dollar.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
|
|
In January 2013, we adopted FASB ASU No. 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. The amendments in ASU 2011-11 require the disclosure of information on offsetting and related arrangements for financial and derivative instruments to enable users of its financial statements to understand the effect of those arrangements on its financial position. Amendments under ASU 2011-11 will be applied retrospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after January 1, 2013. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
|
|
In January 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 820): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures About Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. This standard clarifies the scope of the disclosure requirements for offsetting assets and liabilities which apply to certain derivative instruments in ASU 2011-11. ASU 2013-01 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013 with early adoption permitted. The adoption of ASU 2013-01 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
|
|
In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Reporting Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. ASU 2013-02 requires entities to disclose changes in accumulated other comprehensive income by component within other comprehensive income, and to make those disclosures either on the face of the income statement or in a separate footnote. ASU 2013-02 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The adoption of ASU 2013-02 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
|
|
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
|
|
In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-04, Technical Amendments and Corrections. The updates to current guidance make the codification easier to understand and the fair value measurement guidance easier to apply by eliminating inconsistencies and providing needed clarification. ASU 2012-04 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The adoption of ASU 2012-04 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-04, Liabilities (Topic 405): Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date. The amendments in ASU 2013-04 provide guidance for the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation within the scope of this Update is fixed at the reporting date, except for obligations addressed within existing guidance in U.S. GAAP. The guidance requires an entity to measure those obligations as the sum of the amount the reporting entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among its co-obligors and any additional amount the reporting entity expects to pay on behalf of its co-obligors. The guidance in this Update also requires an entity to disclose the nature and amount of the obligation as well as other information about those obligations. The amendments in this standard are effective retrospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. We are evaluating the effect, if any, adoption of ASU No. 2013-04 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Recent Accounting Pronouncements, Continued
|
|
In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-05, Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830), Parent’s Accounting for Cumulative Translation Adjustments Upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets Within a Foreign Entity or an Investment in a Foreign Entity. ASU 2013-05 requires entities to release the entire balance of cumulative translation adjustment to the entity’s investment in a foreign entity when there is a; 1) sale of the subsidiary or group of net assets within the foreign entity; 2) loss of controlling financial interest in an investment in a foreign entity; or, 3) a step acquisition of a foreign entity such that the reporting entity changes from the equity method to consolidation of the foreign entity. ASU 2013-05 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of ASU 2013-05 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
In April 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-07, Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205), Liquidation Basis of Accounting. ASU-2013-07 requires the reporting entity to use the liquidation basis of accounting to present its financial statements when it determines that liquidation is imminent. ASU 2013-07 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of ASU 2013-07 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). The amendments in ASU 2013-11 state that an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, should be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, with certain exceptions. ASU 2013-11 applies to all entities that have unrecognized tax benefits when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists at the reporting date. The amendments in ASU 2013-11 are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force), the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future condensed consolidated financial statements.
|
|
3 | Deposits and Prepaid Expenses |
Deposits and prepaid expenses consisted of the following as of December 31 and March 31, 2013:
|
Unaudited
|
Audited
|
|||||||
December 31
|
March 31
|
|||||||
2013
|
2013
|
|||||||
Current
|
||||||||
Prepaid rent and occupancy expenses
|
$ | 51,218 | $ | 163,199 | ||||
51,218 | 163,199 | |||||||
Noncurrent
|
||||||||
Rent and occupancy deposits
|
219,989 | 191,714 | ||||||
Total deposits and prepaid expenses
|
$ | 271,207 | $ | 354,913 |
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
4.
|
Loan receivable from eBullion Trade
|
In July 2013, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary Man Loong advanced $997,393 (RMB 6,100,000) to eBullion Trade, a company located in Guangzhou, Peoples’ Republic of China, and registered by a shareholder unrelated to eBullion. eBullion Trade is a development stage entity formed for the purpose of engaging in the trading of silver contracts as an electronic trading member of the Guangdong Precious Metal Exchange (“GPME”). $817,541 (RMB 5,000,000) of the loan will remain on deposit with the GPME because the GPME requires all applicants for a trading license to provide this amount as the minimum capital to process an entity’s application. The balance of the loan will be used by eBullion Trade to fund working capital, and operating expenses until eBullion Trade’s membership application with the GPME is approved and it has completed installing and testing kits trading systems. The loan is unsecured, bears no interest and matures on April 17, 2014. In the event that eBullion Trade’s membership application to the GPME is approved, eBullion Trade has the option to repay the loan with its common stock, and if that option is exercised, eBullion Trade will be re-registered as a Wholly Foreign Owned Entity (“WFOE”) under Chinese law, and Man Loong, will become eBullion Trade’s sole shareholder.
The Company has determined that its loan to eBullion Trade gives the Company a variable interest in eBullion Trade and that eBullion Trade is a VIE because the equity investor of eBullion Trade, on the date of the loan, lacked sufficient equity at risk to finance its activities without the loan. However, the Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE, because Man Loong does not have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and does not have an obligation to absorb its losses. Accordingly, the Company has not consolidated eBullion Trade into its condensed consolidated financial statements..
Under terms of the loan agreement, Man Loong does have the right to extend the loan and or change the terms of the loan at its discretion. However, Man Loong does not manage or otherwise control eBullion Trade but does have control, via an electronic token or second signature for checks, over certain of eBullion Trade’s spending decisions, specifically payments to a business equal to or in excess of $81,747 (RMB 500,000) or payments to an individual equal to or in excess of $16,351 (RMB 100,000). This control over eBullion Trade’s cash disbursements is solely to enable Man Loong to control its loss, if any, in the event the GPME application is not approved.
The following table compares the Company’s carrying amount of the assets associated with the VIE to its maximum exposure to risk; the Company carries no liabilities associated with the VIE.
|
Description (1)
|
Carrying
Amount
|
At Risk
Amount
|
|||||||
Minimum Capital (2)
|
$ | 817,541 | $ | 0 | |||||
Software License (3)
|
$ | 98,105 | $ | 98,105 | |||||
Working Capital
|
$ | 81,747 | $ | 81,747 |
(1)
|
Refers to the loan from Man Loong to eBullion Trade (our asset) and the agreed upon use of these funds.
|
|
(2)
|
The Company does not believe this amount to be at risk, because per agreement, if the GPME approves the license, eBullion Trade will either pay Man Loong the entire amount loaned or give Man Loong 100% of their common stock.
|
|
(3)
|
This amount will be paid to the GPME only if the license is approved. Man Loong’s approval to release such funds will be required before this payment can be made. If the license is approved, Man Loong will not allow the payment to be made until the loan is settled. Because eBullion can spend amounts below the agreed upon limits, it is possible that this amount, although reserved, could be spent by eBullion Trade and therefore the Company considers this amount at risk.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
Equipment
|
|
Equipment, including leasehold improvements, consisted of the following as of December 31 and March 31, 2013:
|
Unaudited
|
Audited
|
|||||||
December31
|
March 31
|
|||||||
2013
|
2013
|
|||||||
Office equipment
|
$ | 305,557 | $ | 260,180 | ||||
Computer equipment
|
41,546 | 41,506 | ||||||
Furniture and fixtures
|
56,117 | 50,265 | ||||||
403,220 | 351,951 | |||||||
Less: Accumulated depreciation
|
(77,260 | ) | (17,042 | ) | ||||
Equipment, net
|
$ | 325,960 | $ | 334,909 |
Depreciation expense was $60,186 and $6,168 for the nine month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $20,167 and $2,057 for the three month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively and was recorded as depreciation and amortization expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
|
|
6.
|
Customer Deposits
|
Customer deposits were $37,069 and $269,478 at December 31 and March 31, 2013, respectively, and were recorded as a current liability in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
7. |
General and Administrative Expenses
|
General and administrative expenses consist of the following for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
|||||||||||||
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
|||||||||||||
Nine months
|
Nine months
|
Three months
|
Three months
|
|||||||||||||
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
|||||||||||||
Marketing expenses
|
$ | 657,291 | $ | 270,985 | $ | 116,692 | $ | 93,845 | ||||||||
Trading platform rent
|
108,874 | 228,855 | 35,270 | 83,074 | ||||||||||||
Transportation
|
81,388 | 60,859 | 41,158 | 23,500 | ||||||||||||
Internet
|
13,272 | 10,181 | 3,414 | 3,654 | ||||||||||||
Travel and entertainment
|
28,014 | 39,286 | 6,924 | 24,295 | ||||||||||||
Computers and software
|
32,363 | 28,179 | 7,615 | 8,361 | ||||||||||||
Legal and professional
|
104,744 | 62,432 | 36,872 | 49,294 | ||||||||||||
Licenses
|
4,570 | 3,491 | 677 | 732 | ||||||||||||
Occupancy
|
445,266 | 205,012 | 146,993 | 84,582 | ||||||||||||
Advertising
|
1,524 | 5,158 | 132 | 5,161 | ||||||||||||
Other
|
106,527 | 32,235 | 28,738 | 12,483 | ||||||||||||
Total general and administrative expense
|
$ | 1,583,833 | $ | 946,673 | $ | 424,485 | $ | 388,981 |
8.
|
Income Taxes
|
Income (loss) before income taxes as shown in the accompanying statements of comprehensive income (loss) is summarized below for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
|||||||||||||||||
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
Unaudited
|
||||||||||||||||
Nine months
|
Nine months
|
Three months
|
Three months
|
Man Loong
|
||||||||||||||||
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
2012
|
||||||||||||||||
United States
|
$ | (91,567 | ) | $ | - | $ | (34,922 | ) | $ | - | - | |||||||||
Hong Kong
|
199,485 | (459,896 | ) | (246,994 | ) | (104,557 | ) | (194,729 | ) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
$ | 107,918 | $ | (459,896 | ) | (281,916 | ) | $ | (104,557 | ) | (194,729 | ) |
Under Hong Kong Profits Tax Law the Company is subject to profits tax at a statutory rate of 16.5% on income reported in its statutory financial statements after appropriate tax adjustments.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
8.
|
Income Taxes, Continued
|
The provision (benefit) for income taxes consists of the following for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
|||||||||||||
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
|||||||||||||
Nine months
|
Nine months
|
Three months
|
Three months
|
|||||||||||||
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
|||||||||||||
Current:
|
||||||||||||||||
United States
|
$ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||
Hong Kong
|
39,065 | - | (38,758 | ) | - | |||||||||||
Total current provision
|
39,065 | - | (38,758 | ) | - | |||||||||||
Deferred:
|
||||||||||||||||
United States
|
- | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Hong Kong
|
(7,125 | ) | (83,411 | ) | (2,320 | ) | (19,818 | ) | ||||||||
Total deferred benefit
|
(7,125 | ) | (83,411 | ) | (2,320 | ) | (19,818 | ) | ||||||||
Total income tax provision (benefit)
|
$ | 31,940 | $ | (83,411 | ) | $ | (41,078 | ) | $ | (19,818 | ) |
The reconciliation of the income tax provision (benefit) to the amount computed by applying the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to income (loss) before income taxes is as follows:
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
|||||||||||||
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
|||||||||||||
Nine months
|
Nine months
|
Three months
|
Three months
|
|||||||||||||
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
|||||||||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) at the U.S. statutory tax rate
|
$ | 36,692 | $ | (156,365 | ) | $ | (95,851 | ) | $ | (35,549 | ) | |||||
Valuation allowance on U.S. net operating loss carryforwards
|
31,132 | - | 8,730 | - | ||||||||||||
Impact of foreign operations
|
(34,910 | ) | 80,482 | 43,224 | 18,297 | |||||||||||
Other
|
(974 | ) | (7,528 | ) | 2,819 | (2,566 | ) | |||||||||
Income tax provision (benefit)
|
$ | 31,940 | $ | (83,411 | ) | $ | (41,078 | ) | $ | (19,818 | ) |
At December 31, 2013, we had U.S. net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $113,000 which expire in 2033. Based on the available evidence, it is uncertain whether future U.S. taxable income will be sufficient to offset the estimated net loss carryforwards, accordingly, we have recorded a valuation allowance of approximately $31,132 and $8,730 for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2013.
For the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2012, Man Loong recorded a deferred tax benefit of $19,818 and $83,411 respectively related to its net operating loss carryforwards for the periods then ended and depreciation differences between the book and tax basis of equipment. Management has determined that it is more likely than not that the tax benefit of the deferred benefit will be fully utilized during its fiscal year ended March 31, 2013.
As of December 31 and March 31, 2013, the Company’s differences between the book and tax basis of equipment gave rise to deferred income tax liabilities of $2,169 and $9,285, respectively which are recorded as noncurrent in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company had no other differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities as of December 31 and March 31, 2013.
As a result of the implementation of ASC 740, Accounting for Income Taxes, the Company recognized no material adjustment to unrecognized tax benefits. The Company will continue to classify income tax penalties and interest, if any, as part of interest and other expenses in the accompanying statements of comprehensive income. The Company has incurred no interest or penalties during the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
9.
|
Earnings Per Share
|
Earnings per share (“EPS”) information for the periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 was determined by dividing net income (loss) for the period by the weighted average number of both basic and diluted shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding.
|
|
As of and for the nine and three month periods ending December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company did not have any securities that may potentially dilute the basic earnings per share. Therefore basic and diluted earnings per share for the respective years are the same.
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
Unaudited
|
|||||||||||||
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
eBullion
|
Man Loong
|
|||||||||||||
Nine months
|
Nine months
|
Three months
|
Three months
|
|||||||||||||
2013
|
2012
|
2013
|
2012
|
|||||||||||||
Numerator
|
||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders
|
$ | 75,978 | $ | (376,485 | ) | $ | (240,838 | ) | $ | (84,739 | ) | |||||
Denominator
|
||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares of common stock (basic and diluted)
|
51,260,000 | 10,152,000 | 51,260,000 | 10,152,000 | ||||||||||||
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share
|
$ | 0.00 | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.00 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) |
10.
|
Related Party Transactions and Balances
|
The Company engaged in related party transactions with certain shareholders, and a company under common control as described below.
|
|
On May 27, 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with a company under common control, True Technology Company Limited (“True Technology”), under which True Technology hosts the Company’s servers and provides a connection between the customer’s servers and the internet using True Technology’s public network connections. The fee for these services was $12,894 per month through April 2013 when the fee was reduced to $3,868 per month and is recorded as trading platform rent as a component of general and administrative expenses. Included in trading platform rental fees in the accompanying statements of comprehensive income for the nine month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, are rental fees which were paid to True Technology of $34,809 and $116,044 respectively. Rental fees paid to True Technology for the three month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 were $11,608 and $38,706, respectively.
|
|
Included in employee compensation and benefits in the accompanying statements of operations for the nine month periods ending December 31, 2013 and 2012, are salaries and director compensation of $23,206 and $23,209 respectively, which were paid to two of the Company’s shareholders. Compensation and benefits paid to these shareholders for the three month periods ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 were $7,739 and $7,741, respectively.
|
|
During the nine month period ended December 31, 2012, Man Long paid legal and professional fees amounting to $20,257 on behalf of eBullion which are recorded as a related party receivable on the accompanying balance sheet for Man Loong at March 31, 2013.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
For the Three and Nine Month Periods Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
11.
|
Commitments
|
Leases – the Company leases office space under non-cancellable operating lease agreements that expire on various dates through 2016.
In December 2012, the Company entered into a new lease agreement on approximately 10,000 square feet of office space which replaced its existing office facilities. The Company occupied the new space in January 2013. Under terms of the lease, the Company paid approximately $192,000 in lease deposits and is committed to lease and management fee payments of approximately $46,647 per month for 29 months.
In May 27, 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with True Technology, a company under common control under which True Technology hosts the Company’s servers and provides a connection between the customer’s servers and the internet using True Technology’s public network connections. The fees paid to True Technology are approximately $12,894 per month for 12 months after which the fees were reduced to $3,868 per month for 24 months.
Future annual minimum lease payments, including maintenance and management fees, for non-cancellable operating leases and trading platform fees, are as follows:
|
|
Period ending December 31,
|
2014
|
$ | 606,209 | ||
2015
|
524,745 | |||
2016
|
- | |||
$ | 1,130,954 |
12.
|
Common Stock
|
Prior to the Merger, the Company issued 50,760,000 shares of common stock to directors as founder shares.
On April 3, 2013, the Company issued 50,760,000 of its common stock as founder shares in exchange for 100% of Man Loong’s outstanding shares to complete the Merger.
Subsequent to the Merger, the Company issued 500,000 shares of common stock, with par value $0.0001 to various investors for total cash proceeds of $240,044.
As of December 31, 2013, the Company had a total of 51,260,000 shares issued and outstanding.
|
2013
|
2012
|
|||||||
ASSETS
|
||||||||
Current Assets:
|
||||||||
Cash
|
$ | 1,415,630 | $ | 1,703,019 | ||||
Commissions receivable
|
390,441 | 384,608 | ||||||
Related party receivable
|
20,257 | - | ||||||
Deposits and prepaid expenses
|
163,199 | 105,732 | ||||||
Total current assets
|
1,989,527 | 2,193,358 | ||||||
Noncurrent Assets:
|
||||||||
Deposits and prepaid expenses
|
191,714 | - | ||||||
Equipment, net
|
334,909 | 11,727 | ||||||
Total noncurrent assets
|
526,623 | 11,727 | ||||||
Total assets
|
$ | 2,516,150 | $ | 2,205,085 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
||||||||
Current liabilities:
|
||||||||
Bank overdraft
|
$ | 55,283 | $ | 166,538 | ||||
Accrued liabilities
|
9,017 | 5,152 | ||||||
Customer deposits
|
269,478 | 391,908 | ||||||
Income taxes
|
43,675 | 49,714 | ||||||
Total current liabilities
|
377,453 | 613,312 | ||||||
Noncurrent Liabilities:
|
||||||||
Deferred income taxes payable
|
9,285 | - | ||||||
Total liabilities
|
386,738 | 613,312 | ||||||
Commitments
|
||||||||
Shareholders’ Equity
|
||||||||
Common stock, $0.129 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 10,152,000 shares issued and outstanding
|
1,309,678 | 1,309,678 | ||||||
Retained earnings
|
821,982 | 284,096 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
(2,248 | ) | (2,001 | ) | ||||
Total shareholders’ equity
|
2,129,412 | 1,591,773 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
|
$ | 2,516,150 | $ | 2,205,085 |
2013
|
2012
|
|||||||
REVENUES
|
||||||||
Commission revenue
|
$ | 2,825,214 | $ | 2,032,495 | ||||
EXPENSES
|
||||||||
General and administrative
|
1,613,446 | 1,190,625 | ||||||
Employee compensation and benefits
|
546,344 | 537,230 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization
|
23,210 | 8,201 | ||||||
Total expenses
|
2,183,001 | 1,736,056 | ||||||
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
|
642,214 | 296,439 | ||||||
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
|
||||||||
Current
|
95,033 | 49,598 | ||||||
Deferred
|
9,294 | - | ||||||
Total provision for income taxes
|
104,327 | 49,598 | ||||||
NET INCOME
|
537,886 | 246,841 | ||||||
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
|
||||||||
Foreign currency translation
|
(247 | ) | 5,473 | |||||
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
|
$ | 537,639 | $ | 252,314 | ||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
|
||||||||
Basic and diluted
|
10,152,000 | 10,152,000 | ||||||
BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
|
||||||||
Basic and diluted earnings per common share
|
$ | 0.05 | $ | 0.02 |
Accumulated
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock
|
Other
|
Total
|
||||||||||||||||||
Number of
|
Retained
|
Comprehensive
|
Shareholders’
|
|||||||||||||||||
Shares
|
Par Value
|
Earnings
|
Income (Loss)
|
Equity
|
||||||||||||||||
BALANCE, March 31, 2011
|
10,152,000 | $ | 1,309,678 | $ | 680,163 | $ | (7,474 | ) | $ | 1,982,367 | ||||||||||
Net income
|
- | - | 246,841 | - | 246,841 | |||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment
|
- | - | - | 5,473 | 5,473 | |||||||||||||||
Dividends paid
|
- | - | (642,908 | ) | - | (642,908 | ) | |||||||||||||
BALANCE, March 31, 2012
|
10,152,000 | $ | 1,309,678 | $ | 284,096 | $ | (2,001 | ) | $ | 1,591,773 | ||||||||||
Net income
|
- | - | 537,886 | - | 537,886 | |||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment
|
- | - | - | (247 | ) | (247 | ) | |||||||||||||
BALANCE, March 31, 2013
|
10,152,000 | $ | 1,309,678 | $ | 821,982 | $ | (2,248 | ) | $ | 2,129,412 |
2013
|
2012
|
|||||||
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||||
Net income
|
$ | 537,886 | $ | 246,841 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cashprovided by (used in) operating activities
|
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization
|
28,861 | 8,201 | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
|
||||||||
Commission receivable
|
(5,788 | ) | 1,663,627 | |||||
Deposits and prepaid expenses
|
(249,407 | ) | (21,911 | ) | ||||
Bank overdraft
|
(111,386 | ) | 110,731 | |||||
Accrued liabilities
|
3,868 | - | ||||||
Customer deposits
|
(122,600 | ) | 229,715 | |||||
Income taxes payable
|
(6,051 | ) | (91,823 | ) | ||||
Deferred income taxes
|
9,294 | - | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
84,677 | 2,145,381 | ||||||
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||||
Related party receivable
|
(20,277 | ) | - | |||||
Purchase of equipment
|
(352,291 | ) | - | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities
|
(372,568 | ) | - | |||||
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||||
Dividend paid
|
- | (643,984 | ) | |||||
Net cash used in financing activities
|
- | (643,984 | ) | |||||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH
|
(287,891 | ) | 1,501,397 | |||||
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH
|
502 | 3,920 | ||||||
Cash, beginning of year
|
1,703,019 | 197,701 | ||||||
Cash, end of year
|
$ | 1,415,630 | $ | 1,703,019 | ||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
|
||||||||
Income taxes paid during the year
|
101,041 | 141,251 |
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
1.
|
Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited (“the Company” or “Man Loong”) was incorporated in Hong Kong in 1974 and, in 2009, was re-registered under Hong Kong law as a limited liability company. The Company provides gold and silver price index trading services on its proprietary, 24-hour electronic trading platform and a telephone transaction system located in Hong Kong. The Company is licensed through the Chinese Gold and Silver Exchange Society (“CGSE”) a self-regulatory organization located in Hong Kong which acts as an exchange for the trading of Kilo gold and Loco London gold and silver price indexes quoted on the London Metals Exchange.
The Company is not a counter party for trades entered through its trading platform and telephone transaction system, and instead, contracts with agents who pay Man Loong a fixed commission on each trade that the Company executes for the agents’ customers.
In January 2010, the Company signed an agency agreement with one of its shareholders. Under the agreement, the shareholder agreed to indemnify the Company from any trading losses that occur from his customers that place funds on deposit with Man Loong. As of and for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, no trading losses were incurred by Man Loong as part of the relationship with the shareholder and his customers. The agreement expired on September 1, 2012, and effective November 2012, the Company discontinued trades that would be included under the agreement and all customer deposits related to the shareholder’s customers were repaid by February 2013.
|
|
On April 3, 2013, the Company’s shareholders exchanged 100% of their shares for 100% of the shares of eBullion Company, Inc. (“eBullion”) a company incorporated in the United States. Upon completion of this transaction, Man Loong became a 100% owned subsidiary of eBullion. This transaction was accounted for as a reverse take-over.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
|
Basis of Accounting
|
|
The Company’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“U.S. GAAP”). Our fiscal year end is as of March 31.
|
|
Use of Estimates
|
|
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Changes in these estimates are recorded when known. Significant estimates made by management include:
● Valuation of assets and liabilities
● Useful lives of equipment
● Other matters that affect the reported amounts and disclosures of contingencies in the financial statements.
Actual results could differ from those estimates.
|
|
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to amounts reported in the previous year to conform to the 2013 presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on net income.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Revenue Recognition
|
|
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, which requires that four basic criteria must be met before revenue can be recognized: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the fee is fixed and determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. The Company is not a counter party for trades executed through its trading platform and telephone transaction system and, instead recognizes revenue to the extent of the flat-fee commission it receives on each trade.
|
|
Advertising
|
|
Advertising costs are incurred for the production and communication of advertising, as well as other marketing activities. The Company expenses the cost of advertising as incurred. The Company did not capitalize any production costs associated with advertising for 2013 or 2012. The total amount charged to advertising expense was $13,951 and $7,776 for the years ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of cash on deposit, certificates of deposits, money market accounts, and investment grade commercial paper that are readily convertible to cash and purchased with original maturities of three months or less. As of March 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had no cash equivalents.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
|
|
ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements”, defines fair value and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash, commissions and related party receivables, accrued expenses and other liabilities qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest.
The standard establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy defined by the standard are as follows:
Level-1 Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments such as exchange-traded derivatives, listed equities and U.S. government treasury securities.
Level-2 Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry- standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, volatility factors, and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Instruments in this category include non-exchange-traded derivatives such as over the counter forwards, options and repurchase agreements.
Level-3 Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value from the perspective of a market participant. Level 3 instruments include those that may be more structured or otherwise tailored to customers’ needs.
Commissions Receivable
Commissions receivable represent commissions to be collected from agents for trades executed through the balance sheet date. Commissions receivable are typically remitted to the Company within 30 days of trade execution. Man Loong has not historically incurred credit losses on these commissions receivable. As of March 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company has no reserve for credit losses nor incurred any bad debts for the years then ended.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Deposits and Prepaid Expenses
|
|
The Company records goods and services paid for but not received until a future date as deposits and prepaid expenses. These primarily include deposits and prepayments for occupancy related expenses. Any deposit or prepaid expense to be realized beyond the next 12 months is classified as a non-current asset in the accompanying balance sheets.
|
|
Equipment
|
|
Equipment is stated at cost. The cost of an asset comprises its purchase price and any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its present working condition and locations for its intended use.
|
|
Equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
|
Office equipment
|
5 years
|
|
Furniture and fixtures
|
5 years
|
|
Computer equipment
|
5 years
|
Expenditure for maintenance and repairs is charged to expense as incurred. Additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized.
|
|
Gain or loss on disposal of equipment is the difference between the net sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the relevant assets, if any, and is recognized as income or loss in the accompanying statements of comprehensive income.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Reporting Currency and Foreign Currency Translation
|
|
As of March 31, 2013 and 2012, the accounts of the Company are maintained in their functional currencies, which is the Hong Kong dollar ("HK$"). The financial statements of the Company have been translated into U.S. dollars which is Man Loong’s reporting currency. All assets and liabilities of the Company are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, shareholders’ equity is translated at historical rates and the statements of comprehensive income, and statements of cash flows are translated at the weighted average exchange rate for the year. The resulting translation adjustments are reported under comprehensive income and accumulated translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity.
|
|
Foreign exchange rates used:
|
2013
|
2012
|
||||||||
Period end USD/HK$ exchange rate
|
7.76315 | 7.76417 | |||||||
Average USD/HK$ exchange rate
|
7.75567 | 7.77716 |
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Long-Lived Assets
|
|
The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets when events and circumstances warrant such review. The carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired when the anticipated undiscounted cash flow from such an asset is separately identifiable and is less than the carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized in the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived asset. The Company has identified no such impairment losses.
|
|
Accrued Liabilities
|
|
Accrued liabilities represent accrued audit fees payable to the Company’s statutory auditors and accountants.
|
|
Customer Deposits
|
|
As discussed further in Note 1, customer deposits at March 31, 2012 were opened pursuant to an agency agreement with a shareholder of Man Loong. Under terms of that agreement, the shareholder agreed to indemnify the Company for any trading losses incurred by those customers. The agreement expired on September 1, 2012, and effective November 2012, the Company discontinued trades that would be included under the agreement and all customer deposits related to the shareholder’s customers were repaid by February 2013.
Accordingly, the Company had no risk of loss related to customer deposits at March 31, 2013 and 2012 and for the years then ended.
|
|
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
|
|
The Company’s accumulated other comprehensive loss consists of adjustments resulting from translating the Company’s functional currency, the HK dollar to its reporting currency, the U.S. dollar.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Income Taxes
|
|
The Company utilizes ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each period end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
|
|
The Company has adopted the provisions of the interpretation, of ASC 740, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. The Company did not have any material unrecognized tax benefits and there was no effect on its financial condition or results of operations as a result of implementing the interpretation. The Company files income tax returns in Hong Kong and is no longer subject to tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2007. At March 31, 2013 and 2012, Man Loong had no uncertain tax positions.
|
|
Earnings per Share
|
|
The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260 Earnings Per Share. ASC 260 requires companies with complex capital structures to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the year.
|
|
Diluted EPS is similar to basic EPS but presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of contracts to issue ordinary common shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. The computation of diluted earnings per share includes the estimated impact of the exercise of contracts to purchase common stocks using the treasury stock method and the potential shares of converted common stock associated with the convertible debt using the if-converted method.
|
|
Potential common shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.
|
|
The Company does not have any securities that may potentially dilute the basic earnings per share.
|
|
Comprehensive Income
|
|
Comprehensive income is comprised of net income and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains or losses resulting from translating the Company’s functional currency, the HK dollar to its reporting currency, the U.S. dollar.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
|
|
In January 2013, we adopted FASB ASU No. 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. The amendments in ASU 2011-11 require the disclosure of information on offsetting and related arrangements for financial and derivative instruments to enable users of its financial statements to understand the effect of those arrangements on its financial position. Amendments under ASU 2011-11 will be applied retrospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after January 1, 2013. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
|
|
In January 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 820): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures About Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. This standard clarifies the scope of the disclosure requirements for offsetting assets and liabilities which apply to certain derivative instruments in ASU 2011-11. ASU 2013-01 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013 with early adoption permitted. The adoption of ASU 2013-01 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
|
|
In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Reporting Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. ASU 2013-02 requires entities to disclose changes in accumulated other comprehensive income by component within other comprehensive income, and to make those disclosures either on the face of the income statement or in a separate footnote. ASU 2013-02 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The adoption of ASU 2013-02 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
|
|
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
|
|
In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-04, Technical Amendments and Corrections. The updates to current guidance make the codification easier to understand and the fair value measurement guidance easier to apply by eliminating inconsistencies and providing needed clarification. ASU 2012-04 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The adoption of ASU 2012-04 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.
|
|
In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-04, Liabilities (Topic 405): Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date. The amendments in ASU 2013-04 provide guidance for the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation within the scope of this Update is fixed at the reporting date, except for obligations addressed within existing guidance in U.S. GAAP. The guidance requires an entity to measure those obligations as the sum of the amount the reporting entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among its co-obligors and any additional amount the reporting entity expects to pay on behalf of its co-obligors. The guidance in this Update also requires an entity to disclose the nature and amount of the obligation as well as other information about those obligations. The amendments in this standard are effective retrospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. We are evaluating the effect, if any, adoption of ASU No. 2013-04 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
2.
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-05, Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830), Parent’s Accounting for Cumulative Translation Adjustments Upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets Within a Foreign Entity or an Investment in a Foreign Entity. ASU 2013-05 requires entities to release the entire balance of cumulative translation adjustment to the entity’s investment in a foreign entity when there is a; 1) sale of the subsidiary or group of net assets within the foreign entity; 2) loss of controlling financial interest in an investment in a foreign entity; or, 3) a step acquisition of a foreign entity such that the reporting entity changes from the equity method to consolidation of the foreign entity. ASU 2013-05 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of ASU 2013-05 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.
|
|
In April 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-07, Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205), Liquidation Basis of Accounting. ASU-2013-07 requires the reporting entity to use the liquidation basis of accounting to present its financial statements when it determines that liquidation is imminent. ASU 2013-07 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of ASU 2013-07 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.
|
|
Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force), the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future financial statements.
|
|
3. |
Deposits and Prepaid Expenses
|
Deposits and prepaid expenses consisted of the following as of March 31, 2013 and 2012:
|
2013
|
2012
|
||||||||
Current
|
|||||||||
Rent and occupancy deposits
|
$ | 99,652 | $ | 86,285 | |||||
Prepaid rent
|
63,547 | 19,447 | |||||||
163,199 | 105,732 | ||||||||
Noncurrent
|
|||||||||
Rent and occupancy deposits
|
191,714 | - | |||||||
Total deposits and prepaid expenses
|
$ | 354,913 | $ | 105,732 |
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
4.
|
Equipment
|
Equipment, including leasehold improvements, consisted of the following as of March 31, 2013 and 2012:
|
2013
|
2012
|
||||||||
Office equipment
|
$ | 260,180 | $ | 25,039 | |||||
Computer equipment
|
41,506 | 7,248 | |||||||
Furniture and fixtures
|
50,265 | 8,659 | |||||||
351,951 | 40,947 | ||||||||
Less: Accumulated depreciation
|
(17,042 | ) | (29,220 | ) | |||||
Equipment, net
|
$ | 334,909 | $ | 11,727 |
Depreciation expense was $23,210 and $8,201 for the years ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and was recorded as depreciation and amortization in the accompanying statements of comprehensive income.
|
5.
|
Customer Deposits
|
Customer deposits were $269,478 and $391,908 at March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and were recorded as a current liability in the accompanying balance sheets.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
6.
|
General and Administrative Expenses
|
General and administrative expenses consist of the following for the years ended March 31, 2013 and 2012:
|
2013
|
2012
|
||||||||
Marketing expenses
|
$ | 384,058 | $ | 322,688 | |||||
Trading platform rent
|
$ | 359,267 | 335,721 | ||||||
Transportation
|
80,664 | 82,246 | |||||||
Internet
|
15,668 | 55,479 | |||||||
Travel and entertainment
|
83,052 | 54,046 | |||||||
Computers and software
|
72,801 | 47,152 | |||||||
Legal and professional
|
101,168 | 14,040 | |||||||
Licenses
|
8,320 | 6,145 | |||||||
Occupancy
|
419,555 | 203,919 | |||||||
Advertising
|
13,951 | 7,776 | |||||||
Other
|
74,941 | 61,413 | |||||||
$ | 1,613,446 | $ | 1,190,625 |
7.
|
Income Taxes
|
Under Hong Kong Profits Tax Law, the Company is subject to profits tax at a statutory rate of 16.5% on income reported in its statutory financial statements after appropriate tax adjustments.
Reconciliation of income tax provision to the amount computed by applying the current statutory rate to income before income taxes is as follows:
|
2013
|
2012
|
||||||||
Income tax provision on income before taxes
|
$ | 105,965 | $ | 48,912 | |||||
Non-deductible expenses
|
1,526 | 1,964 | |||||||
Other
|
(3,164 | ) | (1,278 | ) | |||||
Total tax provision
|
$ | 104,327 | $ | 49,598 |
As March 31 2013 and 2012, the Company’s differences between the book and tax basis of equipment gave rise to deferred income tax liabilities of $9,294 and $0, respectively which are recorded as noncurrent in the accompanying balance sheets. The Company had no other differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2013 and 2012.
As a result of the implementation of ASC 740, Accounting for Income Taxes, Man Loong recognized no material adjustment to unrecognized tax benefits. The Company will continue to classify income tax penalties and interest, if any, as part of interest and other expenses in the accompanying statements of comprehensive income. Man Loong has incurred no interest or penalties during the years ended March 31, 2013 and 2012.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
8.
|
Earnings Per Share
|
Earnings per share (“EPS”) information for the years ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 was determined by dividing net income for the year by the weighted average number of both basic and diluted shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding.
|
|
As of and for the years ending March 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company did not have any securities that may potentially dilute the basic earnings per share. Therefore basic and diluted earnings per share for the respective years are the same.
|
2013
|
2012
|
||||||||
Numerator
|
|||||||||
Net income attributable to common shareholders
|
$ | 537,886 | $ | 246,841 | |||||
Denominator
|
|||||||||
Weighted average shares of common stock (basic and diluted)
|
10,152,000 | 10,152,000 | |||||||
Basic and diluted earnings per common stock
|
$ | 0.05 | $ | 0.02 |
9.
|
Related Party Transactions and Balances
|
The Company engaged in related party transactions with certain shareholders, and a company under common control as described below.
|
|
Included in customer deposits in the accompanying balance sheet at March 31, 2012 are deposits amounting to $391,908 which were owed to customers of a shareholder and were covered under an agency agreement with the shareholder. That agreement expired on September 1, 2012, and in February 2013, all such customer deposits were repaid.
|
|
Dividends paid to shareholders were $0 and $643,984 for the years ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
|
|
On May 27, 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with a company under common control, True Technology Company Limited (“True Technology”), under which True Technology hosts the Company’s servers and provides a connection between the customer’s servers and the internet using True Technology’s public network connections. The fee for these services is $12,894 per month through April 2013 when the fee was reduced to $3,868 per month and is recorded as trading platform rent as a component of general and administrative expenses. Included in trading platform rental fees in the accompanying statements of comprehensive income for the years ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, are rental fees of $154,725 and $154,297 which were paid to a company under common control, True Technology.
|
|
Included in employee compensation and benefits in the accompanying statements of operations for the periods ending June 30, 2013 and 2012, are salaries paid to Mr. Choi of $3,865 and $3,865, respectively and director’s compensation paid to Mr. Wong of $3,865 and $3,865, respectively. Mr. Choi is Man Loong’s chief executive officer, director and 49.5% shareholder Mr. Wong is a director and 3.7% shareholder.
|
|
During the year ended March 31, 2013, Man Loong paid legal and professional fees amounting to $20,257 on behalf of eBullion which are recorded as a related party receivable on the accompanying balance sheets.
|
Man Loong Bullion Company Limited.
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
For the Years Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012
|
(Expressed in US Dollars)
|
10.
|
Commitments
|
Leases - The Company leases office space under non-cancellable operating lease agreements that expire on various dates through November 30, 2015.
In May 27, 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with True Technology, a company under common control under which True Technology hosts the Company’s servers and provides a connection between the customer’s servers and the internet using True Technology’s public network connections. The fees paid to True Technology are approximately $12,894 per month for 12 months after which the fees were reduced to approximately $3,868 per month for 24 months.
Future annual minimum lease payments, including maintenance and management fees, for non-cancellable operating leases and trading platform fees, are as follows:
|
|
Year ending March 31,
|
2014
|
$ | 606,177 | ||
2015
|
606,177 | |||
2016
|
373,173
|
|||
$ | 1,585,527 |
True Technology
trading platform fees
|
Office lease
payments
|
Management
Fees
|
|||||||||||||||
2014
|
46,418
|
462,479 |
97,280
|
$ | 606,177 | ||||||||||||
2015
|
46,418
|
462,479 |
97,280
|
606,177 | |||||||||||||
2016
|
- |
308,319
|
64,854
|
373,173
|
|||||||||||||
$ | 1,585,527 |
In December 2012, the Company entered into a new lease agreement on approximately 10,000 square feet of office space which replaced its existing office facilities. Man Loong occupied the new space in January 2013. Under terms of the lease, the Company paid approximately $192,000 in lease deposits and is committed to lease and management fee payments of approximately $46,647 per month for 32 months.
|
Page(s)
|
|
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting firm
|
F-41
|
Financial Statements:
|
|
Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2013
|
F-42
|
Statement of Operations for the Period From January 28, 2013 (Inception) to March 31, 2013
|
F-43
|
Statement of Stockholders’ Deficit for the Period from January 28, 2013 (Inception) through March 31, 2013
|
F-44 |
Statement of Cash Flows for the Period from January 28, 2013 (Inception) to March 31, 2013
|
F-45
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
F-46 to F-48
|
As of
March 31, 2013
|
||||
ASSETS | ||||
CURRENT ASSETS: | ||||
Cash
|
$ | - | ||
TOTAL ASSETS
|
$ | - | ||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
|
||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES
|
||||
Accounts payable
|
$ | 792 | ||
Related party payable
|
20,266 | |||
TOTAL LIABILITIES
|
21,058 | |||
STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT:
|
||||
Preferred stock, $.0001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding
|
- | |||
Common stock, $.0001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding
|
- | |||
Net loss
|
(21,058 | ) | ||
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
|
(21,058 | ) | ||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
|
$ | - |
Cumulative from January 28, 2013
(the date of inception) to
March 31, 2013
|
||||
Revenue
|
$ | - | ||
Operating Expenses:
|
||||
General and administrative
|
||||
Courier charges
|
124 | |||
Legal and professional fees
|
20,933 | |||
Total Operating Expenses:
|
21,058 | |||
Net loss
|
$ | (21,058 | ) | |
Net loss per share (basic and diluted) | $ | - |
Common
|
Accumulated
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Shares
|
Amount
|
Deficit
|
Total
|
||||||||||||
Balance as of January 28, 2013
|
||||||||||||||||
- | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||||
Net loss
|
- | - | (21,058 | ) | (21,058 | ) | ||||||||||
Balance as of March 31, 2013
|
- | $ | - | $ | (21,058 | ) | $ | (21,058 | ) |
Cumulative from January 28, 2013
(the date of inception) to
March 31, 2013
|
||||
Operating Activities
|
||||
Net loss
|
$ | (21,058 | ) | |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net change in cash from operating activities
|
||||
Increase in accounts payable
|
792 | |||
Increase in related party payable
|
20,266 | |||
Net change in cash
|
- | |||
Cash at beginning of the period
|
- | |||
Cash at end of the period
|
$ | - |
NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: |
(a)
|
Organization and Business
|
(b)
|
Basis of Presentation
|
(c)
|
Use of Estimates
|
(d)
|
Development Stage
|
(e)
|
Cash and Cash Equivalents
|
(f)
|
Loss Per Common Share
|
(g)
|
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
|
SEC registration fee
|
$
|
34
|
||
Accounting fees and expenses
|
80,000
|
|||
Legal fees and expenses
|
75,000
|
|||
Printing and related expenses
|
5,000
|
|||
Transfer agent fees and expenses
|
2,000
|
|||
Miscellaneous
|
966
|
|||
Total
|
$
|
163,000
|
●
|
diluting the voting or other rights of the proposed acquirer or insurgent stockholder group;
|
●
|
putting a substantial voting block in institutional or other hands that might undertake to support the incumbent board of directors; or
|
●
|
effecting an acquisition that might complicate or preclude the takeover.
|
Exhibit No.
|
Description
|
|
3.1
|
Certificate of Incorporation dated January 28, 2013(1)
|
|
3.2
|
By-Laws(1)
|
|
5.1
|
Opinion of Gracin & Marlow, LLP(1)
|
|
10.1
|
Contribution Agreement dated April 3, 2013(1)
|
|
10.2
|
Lease Agreement(1)
|
|
10.3
|
Software Development License and Maintenance Agreement dated April 1, 2013 between True Technology Company and Man Loong Bullion Company Limited(1)
|
|
10.4
|
Standard Form of Customer Agency Agreement(1)
|
|
10.5
|
Agency Agreement dated January 1, 2010, between Man Loong Bullion Company Limited and Mr. Wong Hak Yim(1)
|
|
10.6
|
Schedule to Form of Agency Agreement(1)
|
|
10.7
|
Form of Employment Agreement(1)
|
|
10.8
|
Employment Agreement between Man Loong and Mr. Choi(1)
|
|
10.9
|
Employment Agreement between Man Loong and Mr. Li.(1)
|
|
10.10
|
Agreement between Man Loong and Joseph Havlin(1)
|
|
10.11
|
Trading Account Form*
|
|
10.12 | Loan Agreement between Man Loong Bullion Company and Ebullion Trade Company Limited(1) | |
21.1
|
List of subsidiaries(1)
|
|
23.1a
|
Consent of Registered Public Accounting Firm eBullion, Inc.*
|
|
23.1b
|
Consent of Registered Public Accounting Firm-Man Loong Bullion Company*
|
|
23.2
|
Consent of Gracin & Marlow, LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)(1)
|
|
(1)
|
For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
|
|
(2)
|
For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
|
eBullion, Inc.
|
||
By:
|
/s/ Kee Yuen Choi
|
|
Kee Yuen Choi, Chief Executive Officer and Director
|
||
By: | /s/ Chui Chui Li | |
Chui Chui Li, Chief Financial Officer, | ||
Treasurer, Secretary and Director |
Signature
|
Title
|
Date
|
||
/s/ Kee Yuen Choi
|
Chief Executive Officer and Director
|
March 24, 2014
|
||
Kee Yuen Choi
|
(Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial
Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
|
|||
/s/ Chui Chui Li*
|
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Secretary and Director
|
March 24, 2014
|
||
Chui Chui Li
|
||||
/s/ Hak Yim Wong*
|
Director
|
March 24, 2014
|
||
Hak Yim Wong
|
||||
/s/ Joseph Havlin*
|
Director
|
March 24, 2014
|
||
Joseph Havlin
|
||||
/s/ Lai Keung Chan*
|
Director
|
March 24, 2014
|
||
Lai Keung Chan
|
*By
|
/s/ Kee Yuen Choi
|
|
as attorney-in-fact
|
![]() |
Account Opening Form
Agent Number: ______________
|
Applicant Information:
|
|
Name: ________________________________
|
ID/Passport Number: ____________________
|
Gender: ________________ (Male/Female)
|
ID/Passport Issue Country: _______________
|
Address: ______________________________
|
Phone Number: ________________________
|
______________________________________
|
|
______________________________________
|
Email: _______________________________
|
Agent Information:
|
|
Name: ________________________________
|
Agent Number: _________________________
|
Agent Company Name:
______________________________________
|
Margin Amount: ________________________
|
Address: ______________________________
|
Phone Number: _________________________
|
______________________________________
|
|
______________________________________
|
When signing this application form and applying for the opening of an electronic trading account, I shall acknowledge that I have been informed that Man Loong Bullion Company Limited is a registered member of the Chinese Gold and Silver Exchange Society (CGSE), holding the Gold and Silver Exchange Society member license, the business operation of which shall comply with the standards of the CGSE, and that currently precious metal trading is not a regulated activity under the Securities and Futures Ordinance in Hong Kong, and acknowledge that I have already read all Terms and Conditions in this account opening form carefully, understood, agreed with and accepted the content and transaction terms hereof, and shall agree to be bounded by the terms and conditions of this account opening form, especially those of the Notice to Clients and Risk Disclosure. When signing this account opening form, I acknowledge that I have considered carefully the nature of the trading account transaction terms and the risks s related to trading of gold and silver .
|
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