10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2016

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-36225

KINDRED BIOSCIENCES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	46-1160142
(State of incorporation)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1555 Bayshore Highway, Suite 200

Burlingame, California 94010

(Address of principal executive office) (Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number: (650) 701-7901

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   x     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter time that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   x     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer	¨	Accelerated filer	x
Non-accelerated filer	¨   (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	¨

Indicate by checkmark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ¨     No   x

As of October 31, 2016, Kindred Biosciences, Inc. had outstanding 19,891,407 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value.

Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part No.	Item No.	Description	Page No.
I		FINANCIAL INFORMATION
	1	Financial Statements	3
		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2016 (unaudited) and December 31, 2015	3
		Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015	4
		Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015	5
		Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6
	2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	14
	3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	23
	4	Controls and Procedures	23
II		OTHER INFORMATION
	1	Legal Proceedings	24
	1A	Risk Factors	24
	2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	24
	3	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	24
	4	Mine Safety Disclosures	24
	5	Other Information	24
	6	Exhibits	25
		Index to Exhibits	25
		Signatures	26

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	September 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	13,311		$	19,992
Short-term investments	47,168			53,051
Prepaid expenses and other	887			712
Total current assets	61,366			73,755
Property and equipment, net	1,796			1,244
Long-term investments	2,005			4,590
Other assets	30			30
Total assets	$	65,197		$	79,619
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	690		$	717
Accrued compensation	1,280			1,922
Accrued liabilities	677			569
Total current liabilities	2,647			3,208
Long-term liability	18			40
Total liabilities	2,665			3,248
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 19,891,407 and 19,836,360 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively	2			2
Additional paid-in capital	137,810			135,021
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	12			(50		)
Accumulated deficit	(75,292		)	(58,602		)
Total stockholders' equity	62,532			76,371
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	65,197		$	79,619

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$	3,754		$	5,033		$	10,352		$	14,833
General and administrative	2,022			2,095			5,907			5,969
Restructuring costs	—			—			655			—
Total operating expenses	5,776			7,128			16,914			20,802
Loss from operations	(5,776		)	(7,128		)	(16,914		)	(20,802		)
Interest and other income, net	93			33			224			92
Net loss	(5,683		)	(7,095		)	(16,690		)	(20,710		)
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities	(21		)	5			62			31
Comprehensive loss	$	(5,704	)	$	(7,090	)	$	(16,628	)	$	(20,679	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.29	)	$	(0.36	)	$	(0.84	)	$	(1.05	)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	19,891			19,792			19,864			19,758

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2016			2015
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$	(16,690	)	$	(20,710	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock-based compensation expense	2,699			3,103
Depreciation and amortization expense	115			108
Amortization of premium on marketable securities	199			128
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other	(175		)	28
Other assets	—			(8		)
Accounts payable	141			(135		)
Accrued liabilities and accrued compensation	(553		)	258
Net cash used in operating activities	(14,264		)	(17,228		)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchase of investments	(61,482		)	(81,086		)
Sale of investments	—			3,000
Maturities of investments	69,813			87,000
Purchase of property and equipment	(838		)	(322		)
Net cash provided by investing activities	7,493			8,592
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Exercise of stock options and purchase of ESPP shares	90			206
Net cash provided by financing activities	90			206
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(6,681		)	(8,430		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	19,992			12,969
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	13,311		$	4,539

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1.    Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Kindred Biosciences, Inc. ("KindredBio", "we", "us" or "our") was incorporated on September 25, 2012 (inception) in the State of Delaware. On April 25, 2016, we filed a Certificate of Incorporation with the State of Delaware for a wholly owned subsidiary, KindredBio Equine, Inc. ("Subsidiary"). The Subsidiary has one class of capital stock which is designated common stock, $0.0001 par value per share. The authorized number of shares of common stock for the Subsidiary is 1,000.

We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on saving and improving the lives of pets. Our activities since inception have consisted principally of raising capital, establishing facilities, recruiting management and technical staff and performing research and development and advancing our product candidates seeking regulatory approval. Our headquarters are located in Burlingame, California.

We are subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. There can be no assurance that our research and development will be successfully completed, that adequate patent or other intellectual property protection for our technology will be obtained, that any products developed will obtain necessary government regulatory approval or that any approved products will be commercially viable. We operate in an environment of substantial competition from other animal health companies. In addition, we are dependent upon the services of our employees and consultants, as well as third-party contract research organizations and manufacturers.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2015 included in our annual report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 4, 2016. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of a normal and recurring nature, considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included in these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned Subsidiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Liquidity

We have incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations and have not generated any revenue since our inception. We expect to continue to incur losses and negative cash flows, which will increase significantly from historical levels as we expand our product development activities, seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates, establish a biologics manufacturing capability, and begin to commercialize any approved products. To date, we have been funded primarily through sales of our former convertible preferred stock, the sale of our common stock in our initial public offering in December 2013 and the sale of our common stock in our April 2014 follow-on public offering. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments totaling $62,484,000 as of September 30, 2016, are sufficient to fund our planned operations for at least the next 24 months.

If we require additional funding for operations, we may seek such funding through public or private equity or debt financings or other sources, such as corporate collaborations and licensing arrangements. We may not be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, and we may not be able to enter into corporate collaborations or licensing arrangements. The terms of any financing may result in dilution or otherwise adversely affect the holdings or the rights of our stockholders.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the

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reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the valuation of stock-based awards, the realization of deferred tax assets, the recoverability of long-lived assets and the accrual of research and development expenses. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Comprehensive Loss

Our comprehensive loss includes the change in unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities. The cumulative amount of gains or losses are reflected as a separate component of stockholders' equity in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2015-17, "Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes", requiring all deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any related valuation allowance, to be classified as non-current on the consolidated balance sheet. The classification change for all deferred taxes as non-current simplifies entities’ processes as it eliminates the need to separately identify the net current and net non-current deferred tax asset or liability in each jurisdiction and allocate valuation allowances. The update is effective for public business entities issuing consolidated financial statements for the annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities", which amends the guidance in U.S. GAAP on the classification and measurement of financial instruments and also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)", requiring organizations that lease assets—referred to as “lessees”—to recognize on the consolidated balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. Under the new guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. The ASU on leases will take effect for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”, which amends ASC Topic 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation”. The ASU includes provisions intended to simplify various aspects related to how share-based payments are accounted for and presented in the consolidated financial statements. ASU 2016-09 is effective for public business entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption will be permitted in any interim or annual period, with any adjustments reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. Our early adoption of this standard in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 did not have any material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

We do not believe there are any other recently issued standards not yet effective that will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements when the standards become effective.

2.    Fair Value Measurements

Certain assets and liabilities are carried at fair value. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. A fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable, is used to measure fair value:

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Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable inputs (other than Level 1 quoted prices) such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to determining the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques.

The carrying amount of financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the short maturities of these financial instruments. Financial assets, which consist of money market funds and available-for-sale securities, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

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Financial assets, which consist of money market funds and available-for-sale securities, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements as of September 30, 2016
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	2,136	$	2,136	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury bills	1,999		1,999		—		—
U.S. government agency notes	600		—		600		—
Commercial paper	6,399		—		6,399		—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	9,491		9,491		—		—
U.S. treasury bonds	15,045		15,045		—		—
U.S. government agency notes	9,643		—		9,643		—
Commercial paper	2,691		—		2,691		—
Corporate notes	10,298		—		10,298		—
Long-term investments:
Corporate notes	2,005		—		2,005		—
	$	60,307	$	28,671	$	31,636	$	—

	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2015
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	8,169	$	8,169	$	—	$	—
U.S. government agency notes	4,385		—		4,385		—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	41,282		—		41,282		—
U.S. government agency notes	11,769		—		11,769		—
Long-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	4,590		—		4,590		—
	$	70,195	$	8,169	$	62,026	$	—

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, U.S. treasury bills were transferred from Level 2 to Level 1. With the exception of U.S. treasury bills, there were no other transfers of assets between Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy at September 30, 2016 or December 31, 2015.

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we did not have any financial liabilities which were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

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3.    Investments

We classify all highly-liquid investments with stated maturities of greater than three months from the date of purchase and remaining maturities of less than one year as short-term investments. Investments with maturities beyond one year may be classified as short-term based on their highly liquid nature and because such investments are viewed as being available to support current operations. We classify and account for investments as available-for-sale and reflect realized gains and losses using the specific identification method. Changes in market value, if any, excluding other-than-temporary impairments, are reflected in other comprehensive income (loss).

The fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at September 30, 2016 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	$	9,485	$	6	$	—		$	9,491
U.S. government agency notes	9,639		4		—			9,643
U.S. treasury bonds	15,036		9		—			15,045
Commercial paper	2,691		—		—			2,691
Corporate notes	10,308		2		(12		)	10,298
	47,159		21		(12		)	47,168
Long-term investments:
Corporate notes	2,002		3		—			2,005
Total available-for-sale investments	$	49,161	$	24	$	(12	)	$	49,173

The fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at December 31, 2015 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	$	41,293	$	14	$	(25	)	$	41,282
U.S. government agency notes	11,776		—		(7		)	11,769
U.S. treasury bonds	25		9		(34		)	—
	53,094		23		(66		)	53,051
Long-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	4,597		—		(7		)	4,590
Total available-for-sale investments	$	57,691	$	23	$	(73	)	$	57,641

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4.    Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
Accrued consulting	$	168		$	83
Accrued research and development costs	288			345
Other expenses	191			128
Deferred rent	48			53
	695			609
Less current portion	(677		)	(569		)
Long-term liability (deferred rent)	$	18		$	40

5.    Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock

The table below shows the number of shares of common stock underlying options granted to employees, directors and consultants, the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model used to value those options and the resulting weighted-average grant date fair value per share:

Stock Option Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2016	2015	2016	2015
Shares underlying options granted	62,000	32,500	833,183	844,733
Weighted-average exercise price	$3.94	$6.37	$3.45	$6.67
Weighted average risk- free interest rate	1.22 %	1.78 %	1.57%	1.50%
Weighted average expected term (years)	6.3	6.3	6.3	6.1
Weighted average expected volatility	87%	90%	83%	96%
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	$2.88	$4.80	$2.42	$5.14

In May 2016, we adopted the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”), and reserved 3,000,000 shares of our common stock for issuance under the 2016 Plan. The 2016 Plan is the successor to our 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2012 Plan”), which was retired on May 23, 2016 upon stockholders’ approval of our 2016 Plan. All awards made under the 2012 Plan shall remain subject to the terms of that plan. Options granted under the 2016 Plan may be either incentive stock options or nonstatutory stock options. The 2016 Plan also provides for the grant of stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance stock awards, performance cash awards and other stock awards. The exercise price of a stock option may not be less than 100% of the closing price of our common stock on the date of the grant. If, at any time we grant an incentive stock option, and the optionee directly or by attribution owns stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of KindredBio stock, the option price shall be at least 110% of the fair value and shall not be exercisable more than five years after the date of grant. Options generally vest over a period of two or four years from the date of grant. Options granted under the 2016 Plan expire no later than 10 years from the date of grant. As of September 30, 2016, there were 65,350 option shares outstanding and 2,934,650 shares available for future grants under the 2016 Plan.

Our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Stock Purchase Plan"), adopted in December 2014, permits eligible employees to purchase common stock at a discount through payroll deductions during defined six-month consecutive offering periods beginning December 1 with the exception of our first offering period which commenced on January 1, 2015 for a five month duration. The price at which the stock is purchased is equal to the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the first day of the offering or 85% of the fair market value of our common stock on the purchase date. A total of 200,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance under the Stock Purchase Plan. A participant may purchase a maximum of 2,000 shares of common stock during each offering period, not to exceed $25,000 worth of common stock on the offering date during each calendar year. We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model, in combination with

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the discounted employee price, in determining the value of the Stock Purchase Plan expense to be recognized during each offering period. The following assumptions were used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate employee stock-based compensation:

Stock Purchase Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2016	2015	2016	2015
Weighted average risk-free interest rate	—	—	0.46%	0.07%
Weighted average expected term (years)	—	—	0.5	0.5
Weighted average expected volatility	—	—	89%	73%
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	—	—	$1.46	$2.14

Under the Stock Purchase Plan, employees purchased 22,797 shares of common stock for $77,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had an outstanding liability of $56,000 and $25,000, respectively, which is included in accrued compensation on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, for employee contributions to the Stock Purchase Plan for shares pending issuance at the end of the next offering period.

We recorded stock-based compensation expense as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Research and development	$	411	$	439	$	1,063	$	1,371
General and administrative	604		567		1,636		1,732
	$	1,015	$	1,006	$	2,699	$	3,103

We had an aggregate of approximately $6,124,000 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for options outstanding and the Stock Purchase Plan as of September 30, 2016 which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years.

6.    Commitments and Contingencies

In April 2014, we entered into new non-cancelable operating leases for 2,145 square feet of laboratory space through May 2017 and 6,900 square feet of office space through November 2017. In January, August and November 2015, we amended our original operating lease for laboratory space to expand the facility with an additional 2,431 square feet, 131 square feet and 123 square feet, respectively, of manufacturing space through May 2017. In August 2015, we entered into a new non-cancelable operating lease for 3,126 square feet of office space in San Diego, California through September 2019. In February and October 2016, we further amended our original operating lease for laboratory space to further expand the facility with an additional 3,599 square feet and 2,326 square feet, respectively, of laboratory space through May 2017. Commencing on June 1, 2017, the non-cancellable operating lease for the entire existing laboratory space of a total 10,755 square feet is extended for another 5 years through May 2022. In addition, we have three equipment leases expiring through 2020.

As of September 30, 2016 (including amendments entered into after period end), we are obligated to make minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases as follows (in thousands):

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Year ending December 31,	Lease Payments
2016 (remaining of year)	$	144
2017	661
2018	497
2019	486
2020 and after	1,032
Total	$	2,820

7.    Net Loss Per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share was calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Basic and diluted net loss per share:
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(5,683	)	$	(7,095	)	$	(16,690	)	$	(20,710	)
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	19,891			19,792			19,864			19,758
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.29	)	$	(0.36	)	$	(0.84	)	$	(1.05	)

There was no difference between the Company’s net loss and the net loss attributable to common stockholders for all periods presented.

Stock options to purchase 3,573,955 shares of common stock as of September 30, 2016, were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, because their effect was anti-dilutive.

Stock options to purchase 3,078,065 shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, because their effect was anti-dilutive.

8.    Restructuring Plan

On January 8, 2016, our Board of Directors committed to a restructuring plan intended to better align our workforce to our revised operating needs and program development plans. On January 11, 2016, we implemented the restructuring plan that focused on streamlining our development programs and to ensure our remaining funds are sufficient to fund our planned operations through 2018. To match these priorities, we reduced our workforce by 18 positions, or approximately 31% of our workforce, resulting in a total workforce of 39 positions. As a result of the restructuring plan which has been completed, we recorded a restructuring charge of approximately $655,000 related to severance payments which was entirely paid in the quarter ended March 31, 2016. There were no further restructuring charges since then.

9.    Subsequent Event

On October 5, 2016, we further amended our existing operating lease for laboratory space at the Mitten Road facility. The amendment to the original lease provides for an expansion of an additional 2,326 square feet of laboratory space for a total of 10,755 square feet through May 31, 2017. Commencing on June 1, 2017, the non-cancellable operating lease for the entire existing laboratory space of a total 10,755 square feet is extended for another 5 years through May 31, 2022.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

In this section, “Kindred,” “we,” “our,” “ours,” “us” and the “Company” refer to Kindred Biosciences, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiary KindredBio Equine, Inc. You should read the following discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q consists of forward-looking statements such as statements regarding our expectations about the trials, regulatory approval, manufacturing, distribution and commercialization of our current and future product candidates and statements regarding our anticipated revenues, expenses, margins, profits and use of cash. In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the words “anticipates,” “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “future,” “could,” “estimates,” “plans,” “would,” “should,” “potential,” “continues” and similar words or expressions (as well as other words or expressions referencing future events, conditions or circumstances) often identify forward-looking statements.

These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations. These statements are not promises or guarantees, but involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results to be materially different from any future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following: our limited operating history and expectations of losses for the foreseeable future; the absence of revenue from our product candidates for the foreseeable future; our potential inability to obtain any necessary additional financing; our substantial dependence on the success of our lead product candidates, which may not be successfully commercialized even if they are approved for marketing; the effect of competition; our potential inability to obtain regulatory approval for our existing or future product candidates; our dependence on third parties to conduct some of our development activities; our dependence upon third-party manufacturers for supplies of our product candidates; uncertainties regarding the outcomes of trials pertaining to our product candidates; our potential failure to attract and retain senior management and key scientific personnel; uncertainty about our ability to develop a satisfactory sales organization; our significant costs of operating as a public company; our potential inability to obtain patent protection and other intellectual property protection for our product candidates; potential claims by third parties alleging our infringement of their patents and other intellectual property rights; our potential failure to comply with regulatory requirements, which are subject to change on an ongoing basis; the potential volatility of our stock price; and the significant control over our business by our principal stockholders and management.

For a further description of these risks and uncertainties and other risks and uncertainties that we face, please see the “Risk Factors” sections that are contained in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC), including the "Risk Factors" section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, which was filed with the SEC on March 4, 2016, and any subsequent updates that may be contained in the “Risk Factors” sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our other Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC.  As a result of the risks and uncertainties described above and in our filings with the SEC, actual results may differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q speak only as of the date of this report and we undertake no obligation to update or revise these statements, except as may be required by law.

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Overview

We are an early stage biopharmaceutical company focused on saving and improving the lives of pets. Our mission is to bring to our pets the same kinds of safe and effective medicines that our human family members enjoy. Our core strategy is to identify compounds and targets that have already demonstrated safety and efficacy in humans and to develop therapeutics based on these validated compounds and targets for pets, primarily dogs, cats and horses. We believe this approach will lead to shorter development times and higher approval rates than pursuing new, non-validated compounds and targets. We have submitted all major technical sections of the New Animal Drug Application, or NADA, to the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, for two product candidates. In addition, we have multiple other product candidates, including several biologics, in various stages of development. We believe there are significant unmet medical needs for pets, and that the pet therapeutics segment of the animal health industry is likely to grow substantially as new therapeutics are identified, developed and marketed specifically for pets.

In November 2015, we completed a pivotal trial of Zimeta^TM (dipyrone injection), previously known as KIND-012, for pyrexia (fever) in horses with positive topline results. We submitted all major technical sections of the NADA for Zimeta to the FDA before the end of the first quarter of 2016. We have received the technical section complete letter for effectiveness from the FDA, responded to comments from the FDA regarding the Chemical, Manufacturing and Controls, or CMC, technical section and are in the process of responding to comments on the safety technical section. We anticipate the approval of Zimeta including product launch in the first half of 2017, assuming single cycle FDA review. We have initiated pre-launch activities including build-out of a small commercial team, preparations for distribution and commercial manufacturing.

We have also completed our formulation development of the oral gel form of Zimeta for the treatment of fever in horses. The pivotal trial for Zimeta (dipyrone oral gel) is expected to initiate in the first half of 2017. The oral gel form of dipyrone is expected to be an additional valuable tool for equine veterinarians by providing an easy-to-administer fever reducing agent for the horse and horse owner.In addition, we have incorporated an equine subsidiary, KindredBio Equine, Inc., for our equine business. We anticipate that we may, in the future, spin out or split out our equine business from our biologics business.

We announced positive topline results in May 2016 upon the successful completion of a pharmacokinetic study and a randomized, placebo-controlled pivotal study of Mirataz^TM (mirtazapine 2% ointment), formerly known as KIND-010, for the management of weight loss in cats. All major technical sections of the NADA have been filed. We received comments from FDA on the CMC technical section and are currently addressing the comments. Based on the feedback, we anticipate the approval of Mirataz and are preparing for the commercial launch in mid 2017, assuming single cycle FDA review. In addition, we are in discussions with potential partners regarding the commercialization of Mirataz.

We conducted a pilot laboratory study to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of two formulations of KIND-014, a development candidate for equine gastric ulcer in horses. Both formulations were well-tolerated and showed positive results for efficacy, as measured by gastric pH. A pilot field study initiated earlier in the year was completed recently. Based on the study results, we are currently optimizing the formulation.

Our epoCat^TM (feline erythropoietin) program for the control of non-regenerative anemia in cats is advancing as planned. The initial laboratory study was completed, with a positive efficacy signal, as evidenced by increased reticulocyte formation. The pilot field efficacy study is underway and enrollment is ongoing.

Formulation for KIND-015, a development candidate for metabolic syndrome in horses, a disease similar to Type II diabetes in humans, is being optimized. We plan to initiate a pilot field efficacy study by the first quarter of 2017.

We initiated a pilot field study of atopic dermatitis in dogs in June 2016. The multi-center pilot study is designed to assess safety and efficacy of several molecules, including anti-cytokine antibodies. Enrollment is ongoing and the results will determine which candidate(s) will be taken into further development.

We also completed the first stage of a pilot field study in sick or septic foals to assess safety and efficacy of anti-TNF. Of the five foals enrolled, all survived to day 7, the primary endpoint of the study. The second stage of the study is planned to start in early 2017, during the next foaling season.

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Other biologics: Antibodies against cytokines and immune checkpoints are progressing on track, and initial pilot studies for some of the antibodies are anticipated in 2016. KIND-Bodies, a novel biologics scaffold with certain advantages over antibodies, including bi-specific binding, is proceeding on track.

We have constructed a Good Manufacturing Practice, or GMP, biologics manufacturing plant and it is currently undergoing commissioning. We anticipate proceeding to GMP manufacturing by the first quarter of 2017.

In addition to the product candidates discussed above, we are in the early stages of development for multiple additional indications, with the potential to attain approval for approximately two products annually for several years. We plan to commercialize our products in the United States through a direct sales force complemented by selected distributor relationships, and in the EU through distributors and other third parties. Because we seek to identify product candidates that are not protected by third-party patents, we typically do not need to obtain licenses or make any upfront, milestone or royalty payments in connection with our product candidates.

We are an early stage company with no products approved for marketing and sale, and we have not generated any revenue. We have incurred significant net losses since our inception. We incurred cumulative net losses of $75,292,000 through September 30, 2016. These losses have resulted principally from costs incurred in connection with investigating and developing our product candidates, research and development activities and general and administrative costs associated with our operations.

Historically, our funding has been a combination of private and public offerings, most recently our initial public offering in December 2013 provided us with net proceeds of $54,871,000 and a follow-on public offering in April 2014 provided us with net proceeds of $58,065,000. As of September 30, 2016, we had cash, cash equivalents and investments of $62,484,000.

For the foreseeable future, we expect to continue to incur losses, which will increase significantly from historical levels as we expand our product development activities, seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates and begin to commercialize them if they are approved by the CVM branch of the FDA, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, or USDA, or the European Medicines Agency, or EMA. If we are required to further fund our operations, we expect to do so through public or private equity offerings, debt financings, corporate collaborations and licensing arrangements. We cannot assure you that such funds will be available on terms favorable to us, if at all. Arrangements with collaborators or others may require us to relinquish rights to certain of our technologies or product candidates. In addition, we may never successfully complete development of, obtain adequate patent protection for, obtain necessary regulatory approval, or achieve commercial viability for any product candidate. If we are not able to raise additional capital on terms acceptable to us, or at all, as and when needed, we may be required to curtail our operations, and we may be unable to continue as a going concern.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and revenue, costs and expenses and related disclosures during the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those described below. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies since the beginning of our fiscal year. Our critical accounting policies are described in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, which was filed with the SEC on March 4, 2016.

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Results of Operations

The following table summarizes the results of our operations for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$	3,754		$	5,033		$	10,352		$	14,833
General and administrative	2,022			2,095			5,907			5,969
Restructuring costs	—			—			655			—
Total operating expenses	5,776			7,128			16,914			20,802
Loss from operations	(5,776		)	(7,128		)	(16,914		)	(20,802		)
Interest and other income, net	93			33			224			92
Net loss	$	(5,683	)	$	(7,095	)	$	(16,690	)	$	(20,710	)

Revenue

We do not have any products approved for sale, have not generated any revenue since our inception and do not expect to generate any material revenue in the near future. If our development efforts result in clinical success and regulatory approval or collaboration agreements with third parties for any of our product candidates, we may generate revenue from those product candidates.

Research and Development Expense

All costs of research and development are expensed in the period incurred. Research and development costs consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for personnel, stock-based compensation expense, fees paid to consultants, outside service providers, professional services, travel costs and materials used in clinical trials and research and development. We are currently pursuing multiple product candidates for over a dozen indications. We typically use our employee and infrastructure resources across multiple development programs.

Research and development expense was as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands, except for percentages):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2016		2015		% Change		2016		2015		% Change
Payroll and related	$	1,472	$	2,324	(37	)%	$	4,408	$	6,149	(28	)%
Consulting	333		259		29	%	863		1,019		(15	)%
Field trial costs, including materials	1,010		1,419		(29	)%	2,287		4,501		(49	)%
Stock-based compensation	411		439		(6	)%	1,063		1,371		(22	)%
Other	528		592		(11	)%	1,731		1,793		(3	)%
	$	3,754	$	5,033	(25	)%	$	10,352	$	14,833	(30	)%

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During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, research and development expense related primarily to the completion of the pivotal field study of Mirataz for management of weight loss in cats, including completing the necessary regulatory requirements and preparing for the commercial launches for Mirataz and Zimeta, our other product candidate. During this period all technical sections of the NADA for Zimeta and Mirataz were completed and submitted to the FDA. In addition, the pilot field study for KIND-014 initiated earlier this year has been completed and based on the study results we are currently optimizing the formulation. We also initiated additional manufacturing work in preparation for commercialization of our two product candidates. We continue to advance additional product candidates in our small molecule programs as well as continue to advance our biologics program by building an in-house team to focus on setting-up a manufacturing process for our potential biologic candidates.

Research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2016, decreased by 25% to $3,754,000 compared with $5,033,000 for the same period in 2015. The decrease in expenses were due to $852,000 lower payroll and related expenses as a result of our corporate restructuring in January 2016. Our field trial costs decreased by $409,000 as the completion of the pivotal study for Mirataz was earlier than expected, partially offset by the pilot field study costs for KIND-014, and the 2015 expenses included pivotal field trial costs for SentiKind and Zimeta, which we did not have in 2016. In addition, other research expenses and stock based compensation expense decreased by $64,000 and $28,000, respectively, offset in part by $74,000 in consulting expenses. Outsourced research and development expenses related to our KIND-014, Zimeta, Mirataz and other product development programs for the three months ended September 30, 2016 were $532,000, $260,000, $54,000 and $379,000, respectively. Outsourced research and development expense consists primarily of costs related to CMC, clinical trial costs and consulting.

Research and development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, decreased by 30% to $10,352,000 compared with $14,833,000 for the same period in 2015. The decrease in expenses were due to $1,741,000 lower payroll and related expenses as a result of reduced headcount. Our field trial costs decreased by $2,214,000 as the pivotal study for Mirataz was completed earlier than expected, offset in part by costs associated with the pilot field study for KIND-014, whereas expenses in 2015 included two pivotal field studies. In addition, stock-based compensation expense as well as consulting expense decreased by approximately $308,000 and $156,000, respectively. Outsourced research and development expenses related to our Mirataz, KIND-014, Zimeta and other product development programs for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 were $838,000, $689,000, $626,000 and $797,000, respectively.

We expect research and development expense to increase for the foreseeable future as we increase our headcount, commence pilot studies and further develop our small molecule compounds and biologics development programs.  Due to the inherently unpredictable nature of our development, we cannot reasonably estimate or predict the nature, specific timing or estimated costs of the efforts that will be necessary to complete the development of our product candidates.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense was as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands, except for percentages):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2016		2015		% Change		2016		2015		% Change
Payroll and related	$	571	$	535	7	%	$	1,683	$	1,439	17	%
Consulting, legal fees and professional services	221		361		(39	)%	696		1,153		(40	)%
Stock-based compensation	604		567		7	%	1,636		1,732		(6	)%
Corporate and marketing expenses	334		220		52	%	1,067		799		34	%
Other	292		412		(29	)%	825		846		(2	)%
	$	2,022	$	2,095	(3	)%	$	5,907	$	5,969	(1	)%

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by 3% to $2,022,000 compared with $2,095,000 for the same period in 2015. The decrease in general and administrative expense

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was related to lower consulting, legal, professional services and other expenses. The decrease in expenses were offset in part by higher corporate and marketing expenses as we prepare for the launch of Zimeta and Mirataz as well as higher stock based compensation expense.

General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 remained unchanged compared to the same period in 2015. Lower expenses in consulting, legal, professional services and other expenses were offset by higher payroll, corporate and marketing expenses resulting in spending being flat year over year.

We expect general and administrative expense to increase going forward as we prepare for the commercial launches of Zimeta and Mirataz.

Restructuring costs

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we recorded a restructuring charge of $655,000 in order to streamline our focus on our development programs and to ensure our remaining funds are sufficient to fund our planned operations through 2018. Eighteen employees were impacted by the restructuring and all restructuring charges were paid as of March 31, 2016. There was no restructuring charge in the second or third quarter of 2016.

Income Taxes

We have historically incurred operating losses and maintain a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets.  Our management has evaluated the factors bearing upon the realizability of our deferred tax assets, which are comprised principally of net operating loss carryforwards and concluded that, due to the uncertainty of realizing any tax benefits as of September 30, 2016, a valuation allowance was necessary to fully offset our deferred tax assets.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations and have not generated any revenue since our inception in September 2012 through September 30, 2016. As of September 30, 2016, we had an accumulated deficit of $75,292,000. Since inception, we raised a total of $125,023,000, net of offering costs, through public offerings of our common stock and through the sale of preferred stock (subsequently converted to common stock at the time of our initial public offering). As of September 30, 2016, we had cash, cash equivalents and investments of $62,484,000. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and investments balances as of September 30, 2016, are sufficient to fund our planned operations for at least the next 24 months.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods set forth below:

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2016			2015
	(In thousands)
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(14,264	)	$	(17,228	)
Net cash provided by investing activities	$	7,493		$	8,592
Net cash provided by financing activities	$	90		$	206

Net cash used in operating activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, net cash used in operating activities was $14,264,000. The net loss of $16,690,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 included non-cash charges of $2,699,000 for stock-based compensation expense, $199,000 for the amortization of premium on marketable securities and $115,000 for depreciation and amortization. Net cash used in operating activities was further impacted by changes in operating assets and liabilities of $587,000.

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, net cash used in operating activities was $17,228,000. Net cash used in operating activities resulted primarily from our net loss of $20,710,000, partially offset by non-cash, stock-based compensation of $3,103,000, depreciation and amortization of $108,000, amortization of premium on marketable securities of $128,000, and further impacted by changes in operating assets and liabilities of $143,000.

Net cash provided by investing activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, net cash provided by investing activities was $7,493,000, which resulted from proceeds from maturities of marketable securities of $69,813,000, offset by $61,482,000 related to the purchase of marketable securities and $838,000 related to purchases of property and equipment.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, net cash used in investing activities was $8,592,000 and related to proceeds from maturities of marketable securities of $87,000,000 and sales of investments of $3,000,000, offset by the purchase of marketable securities of $81,086,000 and property and equipment of $322,000.

Net cash provided by financing activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, net cash provided by financing activities of $90,000 was related to proceeds from the purchase of common stock through our Employee Stock Purchase Program and exercise of stock options.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, net cash provided by financing activities of $206,000 was from the exercise of stock options and the purchase of common stock through our Employee Stock Purchase Program.

Future Funding Requirements

We anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the next several years due to expenses relating to:

• pivotal trials of our product candidates;

• toxicology (target animal safety) studies for our product candidates;

• small molecule manufacturing;

• establishment of biologics manufacturing capability; and

• commercialization of one or more of our product candidates, if approved.

We believe our existing cash, cash equivalents and investments will be sufficient to fund our operating plan through the next 24 months. However, our operating plan may change as a result of many factors currently unknown to us, and we may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned, through public or private equity or debt financings or other sources, such as strategic collaborations. Such financing may result in dilution to stockholders, imposition of debt covenants and repayment obligations or other restrictions that may affect our business. In addition, we may seek additional capital due to favorable market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans.

Our future capital requirements depend on many factors, including, but not limited to:

• the scope, progress, results and costs of researching and developing our current or future product candidates;

• the timing of, and the costs involved in, obtaining regulatory approvals for any of our current or future product candidates;

• the number and characteristics of the product candidates we pursue;

• the cost of manufacturing our current and future product candidates and any products we successfully commercialize, including cost of building internal biologics manufacturing capacity;

• the cost of commercialization activities if any of our current or future product candidates are approved for sale, including marketing, sales and distribution costs;

• the expenses needed to attract and retain skilled personnel;

• the costs associated with being a public company;

• our ability to establish and maintain strategic collaborations, licensing or other arrangements and the financial terms of such agreements; and

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• the costs involved in preparing, filing, prosecuting, maintaining, defending and enforcing possible patent claims, including litigation costs and the outcome of any such litigation.

Since inception, we have not engaged in the use of any off-balance sheet arrangements, such as structured finance entities, special purpose entities or variable interest entities.

Contractual Obligations

In April 2014, we entered into noncancelable operating leases for laboratory space and office space and in January, August and November 2015, as well as February and October 2016, we amended one of the operating leases to include additional lab space. In June 2015, we entered into a noncancelable operating lease for office space in San Diego, California. Under the operating leases we are obligated to make minimum lease payments as of September 30, 2016 totaling $2,820,000 through May 2022, the timing of which is described in more detail in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2016, we did not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2015-17, "Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes", requiring all deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any related valuation allowance, to be classified as non-current on the consolidated balance sheet. The classification change for all deferred taxes as non-current simplifies entities’ processes as it eliminates the need to separately identify the net current and net non-current deferred tax asset or liability in each jurisdiction and allocate valuation allowances. The update is effective for public business entities issuing consolidated financial statements for the annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities", which amends the guidance in U.S. GAAP on the classification and measurement of financial instruments and also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)", requiring organizations that lease assets—referred to as “lessees”—to recognize on the consolidated balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. Under the new guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. The ASU on leases will take effect for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”, which amends ASC Topic 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation”. The ASU includes provisions intended to simplify various aspects related to how share-based payments are accounted for and presented in the consolidated financial statements. ASU 2016-09 is effective for public business entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption will be permitted in any interim or annual period, with any adjustments reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. Our early adoption of this standard in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 did not have any material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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We do not believe there are any other recently issued standards not yet effective that will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements when the standards become effective.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve capital. We do not utilize hedging contracts or similar instruments.

We are exposed to certain market risks relating primarily to (1) interest rate risk on our cash and cash equivalents, (2) market  price risk on our investments, and (3) risks relating to the financial viability of the institutions which hold our capital and through which we have invested our funds. We manage such risks by investing in short-term, liquid, highly-rated instruments. As of September 30, 2016, our cash equivalents and investments are invested in money market funds, U.S. treasury bills, U.S. federal agency notes, corporate notes, commercial paper and U.S treasury bonds. We do not believe we have any material exposure to interest rate risk due to the extremely low interest rate environment, the short duration of the securities we hold and our ability to hold our investments to maturity if necessary. Declines in interest rates would reduce investment income, but would not have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

We do not currently have exposure to foreign currency risk.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer (the “Certifying Officer”), evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), such as this report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures are also designed to reasonably assure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Certifying Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on these evaluations, the Certifying Officer has concluded, that, as of the end of the period covered by this report:

(a)    our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and

(b)our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that material information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act was accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Certifying Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period ended September 30, 2016 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

None.

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS

You should consider the “Risk Factors” included under Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 4, 2016. There have been no material changes to those Risk Factors.

ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

Use of Proceeds from the Sale of Registered Securities

On December 11, 2013, our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-192242) was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for our initial public offering pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of 8,625,000 shares of our common stock at a price to the public of $7.00 per share.  There has been no material change in our use of proceeds from our initial public offering as described in our final prospectus filed with the SEC on December 12, 2013 pursuant to Rule 424(b).

ITEM 3.    DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION

None.

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ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number	Description
31.1	Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer.
32.1	Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer.
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: November 7, 2016

Kindred Biosciences, Inc.
By:	/s/ Richard Chin
	Richard Chin, M.D.
	President and Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer

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EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Certification of the Principal Executive Officer and Interim Principal Financial Officer Under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

I, Richard Chin, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report.

4. I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a- 15(e) and 15d- 15(e)) and and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to me by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under my supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

5. I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 7, 2016	By:      /s/ Richard Chin
	Name: Richard Chin, MD
	Title: Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

AND INTERIM PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of Kindred Biosciences, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby certifies that, to his knowledge:

(i)    The quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2016 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(ii)    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 7, 2016	By:     /s/ Richard Chin
	Name: Richard Chin, MD
	Title: Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer

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Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2016	Oct. 31, 2016
Entity [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	Kindred Biosciences, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001561743
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2016
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2016
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		19,891,407

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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 13,311	$ 19,992
Short-term investments	47,168	53,051
Prepaid expenses and other	887	712
Total current assets	61,366	73,755
Property and equipment, net	1,796	1,244
Long-term investments	2,005	4,590
Other assets	30	30
Total assets	65,197	79,619
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	690	717
Accrued compensation	1,280	1,922
Accrued liabilities	677	569
Total current liabilities	2,647	3,208
Long-term liability	18	40
Total liabilities	2,665	3,248
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 19,891,407 and 19,836,360 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively	2	2
Additional paid-in capital	137,810	135,021
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	12	(50)
Accumulated deficit	(75,292)	(58,602)
Total stockholders' equity	62,532	76,371
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 65,197	$ 79,619

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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Common stock, par value (USD per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	19,891,407	19,836,360
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	19,891,407	19,836,360

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$ 3,754	$ 5,033	$ 10,352	$ 14,833
General and administrative	2,022	2,095	5,907	5,969
Restructuring costs	0	0	655	0
Total operating expenses	5,776	7,128	16,914	20,802
Loss from operations	(5,776)	(7,128)	(16,914)	(20,802)
Interest and other income, net	93	33	224	92
Net loss	(5,683)	(7,095)	(16,690)	(20,710)
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities	(21)	5	62	31
Comprehensive loss	$ (5,704)	$ (7,090)	$ (16,628)	$ (20,679)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted (USD per share)	$ (0.29)	$ (0.36)	$ (0.84)	$ (1.05)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted (in shares)	19,891	19,792	19,864	19,758

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$ (16,690)	$ (20,710)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock-based compensation expense	2,699	3,103
Depreciation and amortization expense	115	108
Amortization of premium on marketable securities	199	128
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other	(175)	28
Other assets	0	(8)
Accounts payable	141	(135)
Accrued liabilities and accrued compensation	(553)	258
Net cash used in operating activities	(14,264)	(17,228)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchase of investments	(61,482)	(81,086)
Sale of investments	0	3,000
Maturities of investments	69,813	87,000
Purchase of property and equipment	(838)	(322)
Net cash provided by investing activities	7,493	8,592
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Exercise of stock options and purchase of ESPP shares	90	206
Net cash provided by financing activities	90	206
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(6,681)	(8,430)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	19,992	12,969
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 13,311	$ 4,539

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Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Kindred Biosciences, Inc. ("KindredBio", "we", "us" or "our") was incorporated on September 25, 2012 (inception) in the State of Delaware. On April 25, 2016, we filed a Certificate of Incorporation with the State of Delaware for a wholly owned subsidiary, KindredBio Equine, Inc. ("Subsidiary"). The Subsidiary has one class of capital stock which is designated common stock, $0.0001 par value per share. The authorized number of shares of common stock for the Subsidiary is 1,000.

We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on saving and improving the lives of pets. Our activities since inception have consisted principally of raising capital, establishing facilities, recruiting management and technical staff and performing research and development and advancing our product candidates seeking regulatory approval. Our headquarters are located in Burlingame, California.

We are subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. There can be no assurance that our research and development will be successfully completed, that adequate patent or other intellectual property protection for our technology will be obtained, that any products developed will obtain necessary government regulatory approval or that any approved products will be commercially viable. We operate in an environment of substantial competition from other animal health companies. In addition, we are dependent upon the services of our employees and consultants, as well as third-party contract research organizations and manufacturers.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2015 included in our annual report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 4, 2016. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of a normal and recurring nature, considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included in these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned Subsidiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Liquidity

We have incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations and have not generated any revenue since our inception. We expect to continue to incur losses and negative cash flows, which will increase significantly from historical levels as we expand our product development activities, seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates, establish a biologics manufacturing capability, and begin to commercialize any approved products. To date, we have been funded primarily through sales of our former convertible preferred stock, the sale of our common stock in our initial public offering in December 2013 and the sale of our common stock in our April 2014 follow-on public offering. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments totaling $62,484,000 as of September 30, 2016, are sufficient to fund our planned operations for at least the next 24 months.

If we require additional funding for operations, we may seek such funding through public or private equity or debt financings or other sources, such as corporate collaborations and licensing arrangements. We may not be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, and we may not be able to enter into corporate collaborations or licensing arrangements. The terms of any financing may result in dilution or otherwise adversely affect the holdings or the rights of our stockholders.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the valuation of stock-based awards, the realization of deferred tax assets, the recoverability of long-lived assets and the accrual of research and development expenses. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Comprehensive Loss

Our comprehensive loss includes the change in unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities. The cumulative amount of gains or losses are reflected as a separate component of stockholders' equity in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2015-17, "Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes", requiring all deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any related valuation allowance, to be classified as non-current on the consolidated balance sheet. The classification change for all deferred taxes as non-current simplifies entities’ processes as it eliminates the need to separately identify the net current and net non-current deferred tax asset or liability in each jurisdiction and allocate valuation allowances. The update is effective for public business entities issuing consolidated financial statements for the annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities", which amends the guidance in U.S. GAAP on the classification and measurement of financial instruments and also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)", requiring organizations that lease assets—referred to as “lessees”—to recognize on the consolidated balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. Under the new guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. The ASU on leases will take effect for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”, which amends ASC Topic 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation”. The ASU includes provisions intended to simplify various aspects related to how share-based payments are accounted for and presented in the consolidated financial statements. ASU 2016-09 is effective for public business entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption will be permitted in any interim or annual period, with any adjustments reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. Our early adoption of this standard in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 did not have any material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

We do not believe there are any other recently issued standards not yet effective that will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements when the standards become effective.

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Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Certain assets and liabilities are carried at fair value. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. A fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable, is used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable inputs (other than Level 1 quoted prices) such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to determining the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques.

The carrying amount of financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the short maturities of these financial instruments. Financial assets, which consist of money market funds and available-for-sale securities, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Financial assets, which consist of money market funds and available-for-sale securities, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements as of September 30, 2016
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	2,136	$	2,136	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury bills	1,999		1,999		—		—
U.S. government agency notes	600		—		600		—
Commercial paper	6,399		—		6,399		—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	9,491		9,491		—		—
U.S. treasury bonds	15,045		15,045		—		—
U.S. government agency notes	9,643		—		9,643		—
Commercial paper	2,691		—		2,691		—
Corporate notes	10,298		—		10,298		—
Long-term investments:
Corporate notes	2,005		—		2,005		—
	$	60,307	$	28,671	$	31,636	$	—

	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2015
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	8,169	$	8,169	$	—	$	—
U.S. government agency notes	4,385		—		4,385		—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	41,282		—		41,282		—
U.S. government agency notes	11,769		—		11,769		—
Long-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	4,590		—		4,590		—
	$	70,195	$	8,169	$	62,026	$	—

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, U.S. treasury bills were transferred from Level 2 to Level 1. With the exception of U.S. treasury bills, there were no other transfers of assets between Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy at September 30, 2016 or December 31, 2015.

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we did not have any financial liabilities which were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

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Investments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investments

Investments

We classify all highly-liquid investments with stated maturities of greater than three months from the date of purchase and remaining maturities of less than one year as short-term investments. Investments with maturities beyond one year may be classified as short-term based on their highly liquid nature and because such investments are viewed as being available to support current operations. We classify and account for investments as available-for-sale and reflect realized gains and losses using the specific identification method. Changes in market value, if any, excluding other-than-temporary impairments, are reflected in other comprehensive income (loss).

The fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at September 30, 2016 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	$	9,485	$	6	$	—		$	9,491
U.S. government agency notes	9,639		4		—			9,643
U.S. treasury bonds	15,036		9		—			15,045
Commercial paper	2,691		—		—			2,691
Corporate notes	10,308		2		(12		)	10,298
	47,159		21		(12		)	47,168
Long-term investments:
Corporate notes	2,002		3		—			2,005
Total available-for-sale investments	$	49,161	$	24	$	(12	)	$	49,173

The fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at December 31, 2015 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	$	41,293	$	14	$	(25	)	$	41,282
U.S. government agency notes	11,776		—		(7		)	11,769
U.S. treasury bonds	25		9		(34		)	—
	53,094		23		(66		)	53,051
Long-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	4,597		—		(7		)	4,590
Total available-for-sale investments	$	57,691	$	23	$	(73	)	$	57,641

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Accrued Liabilities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

Accrued Liabilities

Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
Accrued consulting	$	168		$	83
Accrued research and development costs	288			345
Other expenses	191			128
Deferred rent	48			53
	695			609
Less current portion	(677		)	(569		)
Long-term liability (deferred rent)	$	18		$	40

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock

Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock

The table below shows the number of shares of common stock underlying options granted to employees, directors and consultants, the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model used to value those options and the resulting weighted-average grant date fair value per share:

Stock Option Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2016	2015	2016	2015
Shares underlying options granted	62,000	32,500	833,183	844,733
Weighted-average exercise price	$3.94	$6.37	$3.45	$6.67
Weighted average risk- free interest rate	1.22 %	1.78 %	1.57%	1.50%
Weighted average expected term (years)	6.3	6.3	6.3	6.1
Weighted average expected volatility	87%	90%	83%	96%
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	$2.88	$4.80	$2.42	$5.14

In May 2016, we adopted the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”), and reserved 3,000,000 shares of our common stock for issuance under the 2016 Plan. The 2016 Plan is the successor to our 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2012 Plan”), which was retired on May 23, 2016 upon stockholders’ approval of our 2016 Plan. All awards made under the 2012 Plan shall remain subject to the terms of that plan. Options granted under the 2016 Plan may be either incentive stock options or nonstatutory stock options. The 2016 Plan also provides for the grant of stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance stock awards, performance cash awards and other stock awards. The exercise price of a stock option may not be less than 100% of the closing price of our common stock on the date of the grant. If, at any time we grant an incentive stock option, and the optionee directly or by attribution owns stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of KindredBio stock, the option price shall be at least 110% of the fair value and shall not be exercisable more than five years after the date of grant. Options generally vest over a period of two or four years from the date of grant. Options granted under the 2016 Plan expire no later than 10 years from the date of grant. As of September 30, 2016, there were 65,350 option shares outstanding and 2,934,650 shares available for future grants under the 2016 Plan.

Our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Stock Purchase Plan"), adopted in December 2014, permits eligible employees to purchase common stock at a discount through payroll deductions during defined six-month consecutive offering periods beginning December 1 with the exception of our first offering period which commenced on January 1, 2015 for a five month duration. The price at which the stock is purchased is equal to the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the first day of the offering or 85% of the fair market value of our common stock on the purchase date. A total of 200,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance under the Stock Purchase Plan. A participant may purchase a maximum of 2,000 shares of common stock during each offering period, not to exceed $25,000 worth of common stock on the offering date during each calendar year. We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model, in combination with the discounted employee price, in determining the value of the Stock Purchase Plan expense to be recognized during each offering period. The following assumptions were used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate employee stock-based compensation:

Stock Purchase Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2016	2015	2016	2015
Weighted average risk-free interest rate	—	—	0.46%	0.07%
Weighted average expected term (years)	—	—	0.5	0.5
Weighted average expected volatility	—	—	89%	73%
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	—	—	$1.46	$2.14

Under the Stock Purchase Plan, employees purchased 22,797 shares of common stock for $77,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had an outstanding liability of $56,000 and $25,000, respectively, which is included in accrued compensation on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, for employee contributions to the Stock Purchase Plan for shares pending issuance at the end of the next offering period.

We recorded stock-based compensation expense as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Research and development	$	411	$	439	$	1,063	$	1,371
General and administrative	604		567		1,636		1,732
	$	1,015	$	1,006	$	2,699	$	3,103

We had an aggregate of approximately $6,124,000 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for options outstanding and the Stock Purchase Plan as of September 30, 2016 which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years.

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Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

In April 2014, we entered into new non-cancelable operating leases for 2,145 square feet of laboratory space through May 2017 and 6,900 square feet of office space through November 2017. In January, August and November 2015, we amended our original operating lease for laboratory space to expand the facility with an additional 2,431 square feet, 131 square feet and 123 square feet, respectively, of manufacturing space through May 2017. In August 2015, we entered into a new non-cancelable operating lease for 3,126 square feet of office space in San Diego, California through September 2019. In February and October 2016, we further amended our original operating lease for laboratory space to further expand the facility with an additional 3,599 square feet and 2,326 square feet, respectively, of laboratory space through May 2017. Commencing on June 1, 2017, the non-cancellable operating lease for the entire existing laboratory space of a total 10,755 square feet is extended for another 5 years through May 2022. In addition, we have three equipment leases expiring through 2020.

As of September 30, 2016 (including amendments entered into after period end), we are obligated to make minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases as follows (in thousands):

Year ending December 31,	Lease Payments
2016 (remaining of year)	$	144
2017	661
2018	497
2019	486
2020 and after	1,032
Total	$	2,820

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Net Loss Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss Per Share

Net Loss Per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share was calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Basic and diluted net loss per share:
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(5,683	)	$	(7,095	)	$	(16,690	)	$	(20,710	)
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	19,891			19,792			19,864			19,758
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.29	)	$	(0.36	)	$	(0.84	)	$	(1.05	)

There was no difference between the Company’s net loss and the net loss attributable to common stockholders for all periods presented.

Stock options to purchase 3,573,955 shares of common stock as of September 30, 2016, were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, because their effect was anti-dilutive.

Stock options to purchase 3,078,065 shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, because their effect was anti-dilutive.

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Restructuring Plan

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring Plan

Restructuring Plan

On January 8, 2016, our Board of Directors committed to a restructuring plan intended to better align our workforce to our revised operating needs and program development plans. On January 11, 2016, we implemented the restructuring plan that focused on streamlining our development programs and to ensure our remaining funds are sufficient to fund our planned operations through 2018. To match these priorities, we reduced our workforce by 18 positions, or approximately 31% of our workforce, resulting in a total workforce of 39 positions. As a result of the restructuring plan which has been completed, we recorded a restructuring charge of approximately $655,000 related to severance payments which was entirely paid in the quarter ended March 31, 2016. There were no further restructuring charges since then.

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Subsequent Event

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Event

Subsequent Event

On October 5, 2016, we further amended our existing operating lease for laboratory space at the Mitten Road facility. The amendment to the original lease provides for an expansion of an additional 2,326 square feet of laboratory space for a total of 10,755 square feet through May 31, 2017. Commencing on June 1, 2017, the non-cancellable operating lease for the entire existing laboratory space of a total 10,755 square feet is extended for another 5 years through May 31, 2022.

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Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Kindred Biosciences, Inc. ("KindredBio", "we", "us" or "our") was incorporated on September 25, 2012 (inception) in the State of Delaware. On April 25, 2016, we filed a Certificate of Incorporation with the State of Delaware for a wholly owned subsidiary, KindredBio Equine, Inc. ("Subsidiary"). The Subsidiary has one class of capital stock which is designated common stock, $0.0001 par value per share. The authorized number of shares of common stock for the Subsidiary is 1,000.

We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on saving and improving the lives of pets. Our activities since inception have consisted principally of raising capital, establishing facilities, recruiting management and technical staff and performing research and development and advancing our product candidates seeking regulatory approval. Our headquarters are located in Burlingame, California.

We are subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. There can be no assurance that our research and development will be successfully completed, that adequate patent or other intellectual property protection for our technology will be obtained, that any products developed will obtain necessary government regulatory approval or that any approved products will be commercially viable. We operate in an environment of substantial competition from other animal health companies. In addition, we are dependent upon the services of our employees and consultants, as well as third-party contract research organizations and manufacturers.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2015 included in our annual report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 4, 2016. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of a normal and recurring nature, considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included in these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned Subsidiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Liquidity

Liquidity

We have incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations and have not generated any revenue since our inception. We expect to continue to incur losses and negative cash flows, which will increase significantly from historical levels as we expand our product development activities, seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates, establish a biologics manufacturing capability, and begin to commercialize any approved products. To date, we have been funded primarily through sales of our former convertible preferred stock, the sale of our common stock in our initial public offering in December 2013 and the sale of our common stock in our April 2014 follow-on public offering. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments totaling $62,484,000 as of September 30, 2016, are sufficient to fund our planned operations for at least the next 24 months.

If we require additional funding for operations, we may seek such funding through public or private equity or debt financings or other sources, such as corporate collaborations and licensing arrangements. We may not be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, and we may not be able to enter into corporate collaborations or licensing arrangements. The terms of any financing may result in dilution or otherwise adversely affect the holdings or the rights of our stockholders.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the valuation of stock-based awards, the realization of deferred tax assets, the recoverability of long-lived assets and the accrual of research and development expenses. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive Loss

Our comprehensive loss includes the change in unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities. The cumulative amount of gains or losses are reflected as a separate component of stockholders' equity in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2015-17, "Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes", requiring all deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any related valuation allowance, to be classified as non-current on the consolidated balance sheet. The classification change for all deferred taxes as non-current simplifies entities’ processes as it eliminates the need to separately identify the net current and net non-current deferred tax asset or liability in each jurisdiction and allocate valuation allowances. The update is effective for public business entities issuing consolidated financial statements for the annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities", which amends the guidance in U.S. GAAP on the classification and measurement of financial instruments and also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)", requiring organizations that lease assets—referred to as “lessees”—to recognize on the consolidated balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. Under the new guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. The ASU on leases will take effect for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”, which amends ASC Topic 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation”. The ASU includes provisions intended to simplify various aspects related to how share-based payments are accounted for and presented in the consolidated financial statements. ASU 2016-09 is effective for public business entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption will be permitted in any interim or annual period, with any adjustments reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. Our early adoption of this standard in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 did not have any material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

We do not believe there are any other recently issued standards not yet effective that will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements when the standards become effective.

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Financial assets, which consist of money market funds and available-for-sale securities, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements as of September 30, 2016
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	2,136	$	2,136	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury bills	1,999		1,999		—		—
U.S. government agency notes	600		—		600		—
Commercial paper	6,399		—		6,399		—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	9,491		9,491		—		—
U.S. treasury bonds	15,045		15,045		—		—
U.S. government agency notes	9,643		—		9,643		—
Commercial paper	2,691		—		2,691		—
Corporate notes	10,298		—		10,298		—
Long-term investments:
Corporate notes	2,005		—		2,005		—
	$	60,307	$	28,671	$	31,636	$	—

	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2015
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	8,169	$	8,169	$	—	$	—
U.S. government agency notes	4,385		—		4,385		—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	41,282		—		41,282		—
U.S. government agency notes	11,769		—		11,769		—
Long-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	4,590		—		4,590		—
	$	70,195	$	8,169	$	62,026	$	—

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Investments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value of Available-for-Sale Short Term Investments

The fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at September 30, 2016 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	$	9,485	$	6	$	—		$	9,491
U.S. government agency notes	9,639		4		—			9,643
U.S. treasury bonds	15,036		9		—			15,045
Commercial paper	2,691		—		—			2,691
Corporate notes	10,308		2		(12		)	10,298
	47,159		21		(12		)	47,168
Long-term investments:
Corporate notes	2,002		3		—			2,005
Total available-for-sale investments	$	49,161	$	24	$	(12	)	$	49,173

The fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at December 31, 2015 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	$	41,293	$	14	$	(25	)	$	41,282
U.S. government agency notes	11,776		—		(7		)	11,769
U.S. treasury bonds	25		9		(34		)	—
	53,094		23		(66		)	53,051
Long-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	4,597		—		(7		)	4,590
Total available-for-sale investments	$	57,691	$	23	$	(73	)	$	57,641

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Accrued Liabilities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

Schedule of Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
Accrued consulting	$	168		$	83
Accrued research and development costs	288			345
Other expenses	191			128
Deferred rent	48			53
	695			609
Less current portion	(677		)	(569		)
Long-term liability (deferred rent)	$	18		$	40

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock Option Plan valuation assumptions

The table below shows the number of shares of common stock underlying options granted to employees, directors and consultants, the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model used to value those options and the resulting weighted-average grant date fair value per share:

Stock Option Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2016	2015	2016	2015
Shares underlying options granted	62,000	32,500	833,183	844,733
Weighted-average exercise price	$3.94	$6.37	$3.45	$6.67
Weighted average risk- free interest rate	1.22 %	1.78 %	1.57%	1.50%
Weighted average expected term (years)	6.3	6.3	6.3	6.1
Weighted average expected volatility	87%	90%	83%	96%
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	$2.88	$4.80	$2.42	$5.14

Schedule of Stock Purchase Plan valuation assumptions

The following assumptions were used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate employee stock-based compensation:

Stock Purchase Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2016	2015	2016	2015
Weighted average risk-free interest rate	—	—	0.46%	0.07%
Weighted average expected term (years)	—	—	0.5	0.5
Weighted average expected volatility	—	—	89%	73%
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	—	—	$1.46	$2.14

Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense

We recorded stock-based compensation expense as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Research and development	$	411	$	439	$	1,063	$	1,371
General and administrative	604		567		1,636		1,732
	$	1,015	$	1,006	$	2,699	$	3,103

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Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Noncancelable Operating Leases

As of September 30, 2016 (including amendments entered into after period end), we are obligated to make minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases as follows (in thousands):

Year ending December 31,	Lease Payments
2016 (remaining of year)	$	144
2017	661
2018	497
2019	486
2020 and after	1,032
Total	$	2,820

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Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Calculation of Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share was calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Basic and diluted net loss per share:
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(5,683	)	$	(7,095	)	$	(16,690	)	$	(20,710	)
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	19,891			19,792			19,864			19,758
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.29	)	$	(0.36	)	$	(0.84	)	$	(1.05	)

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Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 25, 2016 class_of_stock $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2015 $ / shares shares
Subsidiary or Equity Method Investee [Line Items]
Common stock, par value (USD per share) | $ / shares		$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) | shares		100,000,000	100,000,000
Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments | $		$ 62,484
Substantial cash and cash equivalent, term (in months)		24 months
KindredBio Equine, Inc
Subsidiary or Equity Method Investee [Line Items]
Number of classes of stock | class_of_stock	1
Common stock, par value (USD per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) | shares	1,000

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Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
U.S. government agency notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:		$ 0
Recurring basis
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total financial assets	$ 60,307	70,195
Financial liabilities measured at fair value	0	0
Recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total financial assets	28,671	8,169
Recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total financial assets	31,636	62,026
Recurring basis | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total financial assets	0	0
Recurring basis | U.S. treasury bills
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	1,999
Short-term investments:	9,491	41,282
Long-term investments:		4,590
Recurring basis | U.S. treasury bills | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	1,999
Short-term investments:	9,491	0
Long-term investments:		0
Recurring basis | U.S. treasury bills | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments:	0	41,282
Long-term investments:		4,590
Recurring basis | U.S. treasury bills | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments:	0	0
Long-term investments:		0
Recurring basis | U.S. government agency notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	600	4,385
Short-term investments:	9,643	11,769
Recurring basis | U.S. government agency notes | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	0	0
Short-term investments:	0	0
Recurring basis | U.S. government agency notes | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	600	4,385
Short-term investments:	9,643	11,769
Recurring basis | U.S. government agency notes | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	0
Short-term investments:	0	0
Recurring basis | Commercial paper
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	6,399
Short-term investments:	2,691
Recurring basis | Commercial paper | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	0
Short-term investments:	0
Recurring basis | Commercial paper | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	6,399
Short-term investments:	2,691
Recurring basis | Commercial paper | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	0
Short-term investments:	0
Recurring basis | U.S. treasury bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments:	15,045
Recurring basis | U.S. treasury bonds | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments:	15,045
Recurring basis | U.S. treasury bonds | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments:	0
Recurring basis | U.S. treasury bonds | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments:	0
Recurring basis | Corporate notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments:	10,298
Long-term investments:	2,005
Recurring basis | Corporate notes | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments:	0
Long-term investments:	0
Recurring basis | Corporate notes | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments:	10,298
Long-term investments:	2,005
Recurring basis | Corporate notes | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments:	0
Long-term investments:	0
Recurring basis | Money market funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	2,136	8,169
Recurring basis | Money market funds | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	2,136	8,169
Recurring basis | Money market funds | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	0	0
Recurring basis | Money market funds | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents:	$ 0	$ 0

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Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Short-term Investments
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	$ 47,159	$ 53,094
Gross Unrealized Gains	21	23
Gross Unrealized Losses	(12)	(66)
Fair Value	47,168	53,051
Short-term Investments | U.S. treasury bills
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	9,485	41,293
Gross Unrealized Gains	6	14
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	(25)
Fair Value	9,491	41,282
Short-term Investments | U.S. government agency notes
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	9,639	11,776
Gross Unrealized Gains	4	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	(7)
Fair Value	9,643	11,769
Short-term Investments | U.S. treasury bonds
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	15,036	25
Gross Unrealized Gains	9	9
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	(34)
Fair Value	15,045	0
Short-term Investments | Commercial paper
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	2,691
Gross Unrealized Gains	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	0
Fair Value	2,691
Short-term Investments | Corporate notes
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	10,308
Gross Unrealized Gains	2
Gross Unrealized Losses	(12)
Fair Value	10,298
Long-term Investments
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	49,161	57,691
Gross Unrealized Gains	24	23
Gross Unrealized Losses	(12)	(73)
Fair Value	49,173	57,641
Long-term Investments | U.S. treasury bills
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost		4,597
Gross Unrealized Gains		0
Gross Unrealized Losses		(7)
Fair Value		$ 4,590
Long-term Investments | Corporate notes
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	2,002
Gross Unrealized Gains	3
Gross Unrealized Losses	0
Fair Value	$ 2,005

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Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued consulting	$ 168	$ 83
Accrued research and development costs	288	345
Other expenses	191	128
Deferred rent	48	53
Accrued liabilities	695	609
Less current portion	(677)	(569)
Long-term liability (deferred rent)	$ 18	$ 40

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock - Stock Option Plan (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015
Stock Option Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares underlying options granted (in shares)	62,000	32,500	833,183	844,733
Weighted-average exercise price (USD per share)	$ 3.94	$ 6.37	$ 3.45	$ 6.67
Weighted average risk- free interest rate	1.22%	1.78%	1.57%	1.50%
Weighted average expected term (in years)	6 years 3 months 18 days	6 years 3 months 18 days	6 years 3 months 18 days	6 years 1 month 6 days
Weighted average expected volatility	87.00%	90.00%	83.00%	96.00%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share (USD per share)	$ 2.88	$ 4.80	$ 2.42	$ 5.14
Employee Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average risk- free interest rate	0.00%	0.00%	0.46%	0.07%
Weighted average expected term (in years)	0 years	0 years	6 months	6 months
Weighted average expected volatility	0.00%	0.00%	89.00%	73.00%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)		1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2015	May 31, 2016	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding liability included in accrued compensation			$ 56,000	$ 56,000	$ 25,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized stock-based compensation			$ 6,124,000	$ 6,124,000
Weighted-average period for recognition (in years)				2 years 29 days
2016 Equity Incentive Plan | Stock Option Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for issuance (in shares)		3,000,000
Purchase price of common stock, percent of fair market value		100.00%
Ownership percentage		10.00%
Purchase price of common stock if ownership threshold is reached, percent		110.00%
Expected term		10 years
Common stock outstanding (in shares)			65,350	65,350
Number of shares available for grant (in shares)			2,934,650	2,934,650
Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Purchase price of common stock, percent of fair market value				85.00%
Initial offering period				6 months
Consecutive offering period	5 months
Shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)			200,000	200,000
Maximum number of shares participant may purchase during each offering period (in shares)				2,000
Maximum value of shares participant may purchase during each offering period				$ 25,000
Stock issued to employee stock purchase plans (in shares)			22,797
Stock value issued in employee stock purchase plan			$ 77,000
Minimum | 2016 Equity Incentive Plan | Stock Option Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period		2 years
Maximum | 2016 Equity Incentive Plan | Stock Option Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period		4 years

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock - Stock Purchase Plan (Details) - Employee Stock Purchase Plan - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average risk- free interest rate	0.00%	0.00%	0.46%	0.07%
Weighted average expected term (in years)	0 years	0 years	6 months	6 months
Weighted average expected volatility	0.00%	0.00%	89.00%	73.00%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share (USD per share)	$ 0.00	$ 0.00	$ 1.46	$ 2.14

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,015	$ 1,006	$ 2,699	$ 3,103
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	411	439	1,063	1,371
General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 604	$ 567	$ 1,636	$ 1,732

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Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Oct. 05, 2016 ft²	Oct. 31, 2016 ft²	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($) equipment_lease	Feb. 29, 2016 ft²	Nov. 30, 2015 ft²	Aug. 31, 2015 ft²	Jan. 31, 2015 ft²	Apr. 30, 2014 ft²
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of equipment leases (in equipment leases) | equipment_lease			3
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2016 (remaining of year)			$ 144
2017			661
2018			497
2019			486
2020 and after			1,032
Total			$ 2,820
Laboratory space | Operating lease
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Square footage of office or laboratory space (in sqft) | ft²								2,145
Square footage of laboratory space (in sqft) | ft²				3,599	123	131	2,431
Office Space | Operating lease
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Square footage of office or laboratory space (in sqft) | ft²						3,126		6,900
Subsequent event | Laboratory space | Operating lease
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Square footage of laboratory space (in sqft) | ft²	2,326	2,326
Area of Real Estate Property, Total | ft²	10,755	10,755
Operating Leases, Extension Term	5 years	5 years

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Net Loss Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015
Numerator:
Net loss	$ (5,683)	$ (7,095)	$ (16,690)	$ (20,710)
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted (in shares)	19,891,000	19,792,000	19,864,000	19,758,000
Net loss per share, basic and diluted (USD per share)	$ (0.29)	$ (0.36)	$ (0.84)	$ (1.05)
Stock Options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from EPS computation (in shares)	3,573,955	3,078,065	3,573,955	3,078,065

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Restructuring Plan (Details) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jan. 11, 2016 position	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2015 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2015 USD ($)
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Number of positions eliminated (in positions)	18
Percentage of workforce reduced	31.00%
Entity number of employees (in positions)	39
Restructuring charge | $		$ 0	$ 655	$ 0	$ 0	$ 655	$ 0

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Subsequent Event (Details) - Operating lease - Laboratory space - ft²		1 Months Ended
	Oct. 05, 2016	Oct. 31, 2016	Feb. 29, 2016	Nov. 30, 2015	Aug. 31, 2015	Jan. 31, 2015
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Square footage of laboratory space (in sqft)			3,599	123	131	2,431
Subsequent event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Square footage of laboratory space (in sqft)	2,326	2,326
Area of Real Estate Property, Total	10,755	10,755
Operating Leases, Extension Term	5 years	5 years