10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-36225

KINDRED BIOSCIENCES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	46-1160142
(State of incorporation)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1555 Bayshore Highway, Suite 200

Burlingame, California 94010

(Address of principal executive office) (Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number: (650) 701-7901

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   x     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter time that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   x     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer	¨	Accelerated filer	x
Non-accelerated filer	¨   (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	¨

Indicate by checkmark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ¨     No   x

As of October 30, 2015, Kindred Biosciences, Inc. had outstanding 19,809,380 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value.

Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part No.	Item No.	Description	Page No.
I		FINANCIAL INFORMATION
	1	Financial Statements	3
		Condensed Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2015 (unaudited) and December 31, 2014	3
		Unaudited Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Three and Nine months Ended September 30, 2015 and 2014	4
		Unaudited Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015 and 2014	5
		Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements	6
	2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	12
	3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	20
	4	Controls and Procedures	20
II		OTHER INFORMATION
	1	Legal Proceedings	21
	1A	Risk Factors	21
	2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	21
	3	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	21
	4	Mine Safety Disclosures	21
	5	Other Information	21
	6	Exhibits	22
		Index to Exhibits	22
		Signatures	23

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

Condensed Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	September 30, 2015			December 31, 2014
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	4,539		$	12,969
Short-term investments	79,047			88,058
Prepaid expenses and other	449			477
Total current assets	84,035			101,504
Property and equipment, net	608			394
Other assets	30			22
Total assets	$	84,673		$	101,920
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	285		$	420
Accrued compensation	1,568			1,457
Accrued liabilities	1,120			975
Total current liabilities	2,973			2,852
Long-term liability	46			44
Total liabilities	3,019			2,896
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 19,792,337 and 19,724,482 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively	2			2
Additional paid-in capital	133,830			130,521
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	4			(27		)
Accumulated deficit	(52,182		)	(31,472		)
Total stockholders' equity	81,654			99,024
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	84,673		$	101,920

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$	5,033		$	3,755		$	14,833		$	13,892
General and administrative	2,095			2,342			5,969			6,525
Total operating expenses	7,128			6,097			20,802			20,417
Loss from operations	(7,128		)	(6,097		)	(20,802		)	(20,417		)
Interest income	33			25			92			67
Net loss	(7,095		)	(6,072		)	(20,710		)	(20,350		)
Change in unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities	5			24			31			10
Comprehensive loss	$	(7,090	)	$	(6,048	)	$	(20,679	)	$	(20,340	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.36	)	$	(0.31	)	$	(1.05	)	$	(1.10	)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	19,792			19,713			19,758			18,467

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2015			2014
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$	(20,710	)	$	(20,350	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock-based compensation expense	3,103			3,518
Depreciation and amortization expense	108			29
Amortization of premium on marketable securities	128			49
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other	28			(540		)
Other assets	(8		)	(22		)
Accounts payable	(135		)	55
Accrued liabilities and accrued compensation	258			461
Net cash used in operating activities	(17,228		)	(16,800		)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchase of short-term investments	(81,086		)	(128,142		)
Sale of short-term investments	3,000			—
Maturities of short-term investments	87,000			30,000
Purchase of property and equipment	(322		)	(211		)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	8,592			(98,353		)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Exercise of stock options and purchase of ESPP shares	206			83
Net proceeds from sale of common stock	—			58,065
Net cash provided by financing activities	206			58,148
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(8,430		)	(57,005		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	12,969			65,329
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	4,539		$	8,324

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:
Issuance of common stock and stock options for accrued consulting expenses	$	—	$	303

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1.    Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Kindred Biosciences, Inc. ("we", "us" or "our") was incorporated on September 25, 2012 (inception) in the State of Delaware. We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on saving and improving the lives of pets. Our activities since inception have consisted principally of raising capital, establishing facilities, recruiting management and technical staff and performing research and development and advancing our product candidates seeking regulatory approval. Our headquarters are in Burlingame, California.

We are subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. There can be no assurance that our research and development will be successfully completed, that adequate patent or other intellectual property protection for our technology will be obtained, that any products developed will obtain necessary government regulatory approval or that any approved products will be commercially viable. We operate in an environment of substantial competition from other animal health companies. In addition, we are dependent upon the services of our employees and consultants, as well as third-party contract research organizations and manufacturers.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These unaudited interim condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2014 included in our annual report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 13, 2015. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of a normal and recurring nature, considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included in these unaudited interim condensed financial statements.

Liquidity

We have incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations and have not generated any revenue since our inception. We expect to continue to incur losses and negative cash flows, which will increase significantly from historical levels as we expand our product development activities, seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates, establish a biologics manufacturing capability, and begin to commercialize any approved products. To date, we have been funded primarily through sales of our former convertible preferred stock, the sale of our common stock in our initial public offering in December 2013 and the sale of our common stock in our April 2014 follow-on public offering. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaling $83,586,000 as of September 30, 2015, are sufficient to fund our planned operations for at least the next 24 months.

If we require additional funding for operations, we may seek such funding through public or private equity or debt financings or other sources, such as corporate collaborations and licensing arrangements. We may not be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, and we may not be able to enter into corporate collaborations or licensing arrangements. The terms of any financing may result in dilution or otherwise adversely affect the holdings or the rights of our stockholders.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these condensed financial statements include, but are not limited to, the valuation of stock-based awards, the realization of deferred tax assets and the accrual of research and development expenses. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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Comprehensive Loss

Our comprehensive loss includes the change in unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities. The cumulative amount of gains or losses are reflected as a separate component of stockholders' equity in the condensed balance sheets as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) - Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, which provides guidance regarding management’s responsibility to assess whether substantial doubt exists regarding the ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. In connection with preparing financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, management should evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued when applicable). This ASU is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed financial statements.

We do not believe there are any other recently issued standards not yet effective that will have a material impact on our financial statements when the standards become effective.

2.    Fair Value Measurements

Certain assets and liabilities are carried at fair value. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. A fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable, is used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable inputs (other than Level 1 quoted prices) such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to determining the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques.

The carrying amount of financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the short maturities of these financial instruments. Financial assets, which consist of money market funds and available-for-sale securities, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

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Financial assets, which consist of money market funds and available-for-sale securities, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements as of September 30, 2015
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	4,344	$	4,344	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	34,147		—		34,147		—
U.S. federal agency notes	13,571		—		13,571		—
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	31,329		—		31,329		—
	$	83,391	$	4,344	$	79,047	$	—

	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2014
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	834	$	834	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	5,998		—		5,998		—
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	82,060		—		82,060		—
	$	88,892	$	834	$	88,058	$	—

There were no transfers of assets between Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy at September 30, 2015 or December 31, 2014.

At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, we did not have any financial liabilities which were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

3.    Short-Term Investments

We classify all highly-liquid investments with stated maturities of greater than three months from the date of purchase and remaining maturities of less than one year as short-term investments. Investments with maturities beyond one year may be classified as short-term based on their highly liquid nature and because such investments are viewed as being available to support current operations. We classify and account for short-term investments as available-for-sale and reflect realized gains and losses using the specific identification method. Changes in market value if any, excluding other-than-temporary impairments, are reflected in other comprehensive income (loss).

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The fair value of available-for-sale short-term investments by type of security at September 30, 2015 were as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
U.S. treasury bills	$	34,133	$	15	$	(1	)	$	34,147
U.S. federal agency notes	13,571		1		(1		)	13,571
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	31,339		24		(34		)	31,329
	$	79,043	$	40	$	(36	)	$	79,047

The fair value of available-for-sale short-term investments by type of security at December 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
U.S. treasury bills	$	5,994	$	4	$	—		$	5,998
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	82,091		—		(31		)	82,060
	$	88,085	$	4	$	(31	)	$	88,058

4.    Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2015			December 31, 2014
Research and development costs	$	793		$	715
Other expenses	317			247
Deferred rent	56			57
	1,166			1,019
Less current portion	(1,120		)	(975		)
Long-term liability (deferred rent)	$	46		$	44

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5.    Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock

The table below shows the number of shares of common stock underlying options granted to employees, directors and consultants, the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model used to value those options and the resulting weighted-average grant date fair value per share:

Stock Option Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2015	2014	2015	2014
Shares underlying options granted	32,500	117,500	844,733	1,064,463
Weighted-average exercise price	$6.37	$16.60	$6.67	$16.63
Weighted average risk- free interest rate	1.78 %	1.90 %	1.50%	1.71%
Weighted average expected term (years)	6.3	6.1	6.1	6.3
Weighted average expected volatility	90%	90%	96%	90%
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	$4.80	$12.42	$5.14	$12.37

Our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Stock Purchase Plan"), adopted in December 2014, permits eligible employees to purchase common stock at a discount through payroll deductions during defined six-month consecutive offering periods beginning December 1 with the exception of our first offering period which commenced on January 1, 2015 for a five month duration. The price at which the stock is purchased is equal to the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the first day of the offering or 85% of the fair market value of our common stock on the purchase date. A total of 200,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance under the Stock Purchase Plan. A participant may purchase a maximum of 2,000 shares of common stock during each offering period, not to exceed $25,000 worth of common stock on the offering date during each calendar year. We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model, in combination with the discounted employee price, in determining the value of the Stock Purchase Plan expense to be recognized during each offering period. The following assumptions were used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate employee stock-based compensation:

Stock Purchase Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2015	2014	2015	2014
Weighted average risk-free interest rate	—	—	0.07%	—
Weighted average expected term (years)	—	—	0.5	—
Weighted average expected volatility	—	—	73%	—
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	—	—	$2.14	—

Under the Stock Purchase Plan, employees purchased 26,772 shares of common stock for $147,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2015. At September 30, 2015, we had an outstanding liability of $97,000, which is included in accrued compensation on the condensed balance sheet, for employee contributions to the Stock Purchase Plan for shares pending issuance at the end of the next offering period.

We recorded stock-based compensation expense as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2015		2014		2015		2014
Research and development	$	439	$	376	$	1,371	$	1,065
General and administrative	567		889		1,732		2,453
	$	1,006	$	1,265	$	3,103	$	3,518

We had an aggregate of approximately $9,302,000 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for options outstanding and the Stock Purchase Plan as of September 30, 2015 which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years.

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6.    Commitments and Contingencies

In March 2014, we entered into a license agreement under which we made an up-front payment and were obligated to make annual payments and, subject to certain terms and conditions, milestone payments upon achievement of development milestones and a royalty based on sales of products developed under the agreement. We terminated this agreement in January 2015.

In April 2014, we entered into new noncancelable operating leases for laboratory space and office space through November 2017. In January 2015, we amended a lease to expand the laboratory space for an additional 2,431 square feet and in July 2015, we expanded the laboratory space by an additional 131 square feet. In June 2015, we entered into a new noncancelable operating lease for 3,126 square feet of office space in San Diego, California. In addition, we have three equipment leases, expiring in July 2017, July 2019 and July 2020, respectively.

As of September 30, 2015, we are obligated to make minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases as follows (in thousands):

Year ending December 31,	Lease Payments
2015 (remaining of year)	$	104
2016	417
2017	341
2018	103
2019 and beyond	82
Total	$	1,047

7.    Net Loss Per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share was calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Basic and diluted net loss per share:
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(7,095	)	$	(6,072	)	$	(20,710	)	$	(20,350	)
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	19,792			19,713			19,758			18,467
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.36	)	$	(0.31	)	$	(1.05	)	$	(1.10	)

There was no difference between the Company’s net loss and the net loss attributable to common stockholders for all periods presented.

Stock options to purchase 3,078,065 shares of common stock as of September 30, 2015, were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, because their effect was anti-dilutive.

Stock options and unvested restricted stock awards to purchase 2,390,090 shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, because their effect was anti-dilutive.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

In this section, “Kindred,” “we,” “our,” “ours,” “us” and the “Company” refer to Kindred Biosciences, Inc. You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q consists of forward-looking statements such as statements regarding our expectations about the trials, regulatory approval, manufacturing, distribution and commercialization of our current and future product candidates and statements regarding our anticipated revenues, expenses, margins, profits and use of cash. In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the words “anticipates,” “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “future,” “could,” “estimates,” “plans,” “would,” “should,” “potential,” “continues” and similar words or expressions (as well as other words or expressions referencing future events, conditions or circumstances) often identify forward-looking statements.

These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations. These statements are not promises or guarantees, but involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results to be materially different from any future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following: our limited operating history and expectations of losses for the foreseeable future; the absence of revenue from our product candidates for the foreseeable future; our potential inability to obtain any necessary additional financing; our substantial dependence on the success of our lead product candidates, which may not be successfully commercialized even if they are approved for marketing; the effect of competition; our potential inability to obtain regulatory approval for our existing or future product candidates; our dependence on third parties to conduct some of our development activities; our dependence upon third-party manufacturers for supplies of our product candidates; uncertainties regarding the outcomes of trials pertaining to our product candidates; our potential failure to attract and retain senior management and key scientific personnel; uncertainty about our ability to develop a satisfactory sales organization; our significant costs of operating as a public company; our potential inability to obtain patent protection and other intellectual property protection for our product candidates; potential claims by third parties alleging our infringement of their patents and other intellectual property rights; our potential failure to comply with regulatory requirements, which are subject to change on an ongoing basis; the potential volatility of our stock price; and the significant control over our business by our principal stockholders and management.

For a further description of these risks and uncertainties and other risks and uncertainties that we face, please see the “Risk Factors” sections that are contained in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC), including the "Risk Factors" section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, which was filed with the SEC on March 13, 2015, and any subsequent updates that may be contained in the “Risk Factors” sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our other Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC.  As a result of the risks and uncertainties described above and in our filings with the SEC, actual results may differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q speak only as of the date of this report and we undertake no obligation to update or revise these statements, except as may be required by law.

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Overview

We are an early stage biopharmaceutical company focused on saving and improving the lives of pets. Our mission is to bring to our pets the same kinds of safe and effective medicines that our human family members enjoy. Our core strategy is to identify compounds and targets that have already demonstrated safety and efficacy in humans and to develop therapeutics based on these validated compounds and targets for pets, primarily dogs, cats and horses. We believe this approach will lead to shorter development times and higher approval rates than pursuing new, non-validated compounds and targets. We have three product candidates that are currently in a pivotal field efficacy trial, or pivotal trial. In addition, we have multiple other product candidates, including several biologics, in various stages of development. We believe there are significant unmet medical needs for pets, and that the pet therapeutics segment of the animal health industry is likely to grow substantially as new therapeutics are identified, developed and marketed specifically for pets.

In 2014, we initiated a pivotal trial of SentiKind (flupirtine), our lead product candidate, for the treatment of post-operative pain in dogs. Enrollment for the study has been completed and we are preparing for data readout and plans to report topline results in the coming weeks. The Chemical, Manufacturing, and Controls, or CMC, and Target Animal Safety Study technical sections of the New Animal Drug Application, or NADA, have been submitted for this product. We continue to conduct pilot studies of the active ingredient in SentiKind in several other indications across multiple species.

In March 2015, we announced a positive randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study investigating KIND-012 for fever in horses. In April 2015, we received a protocol concurrence from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, on the pivotal field study for KIND-012. The study is now fully enrolled and topline results for the pivotal trial are expected in the coming weeks. We have completed the in-life portion of the Target Animal Safety Study and is currently preparing the CMC technical section of the NADA.

The Pharmacokinetic, or PK, study of KIND-010 for management of weight loss in cats has been completed, with positive efficacy signal, as evidenced by increase in weight. A randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study of KIND-010 was ended early due to positive efficacy signal and we have initiated the pivotal field study in October 2015. Topline results for the pivotal field study are expected in the fourth quarter of 2016.

The initial pilot study of KIND-011 for metabolic syndrome in horses has been completed and confirmed activity with the active ingredient. Based on the results, we have advanced formulation development for of an analog of KIND-011. We believe that the analog, KIND-015, will have substantially lower cost of goods than KIND-011, with similar efficacy and safety profile.

Our feline erythropoietin program is advancing rapidly. The initial laboratory study has been completed, with a positive efficacy signal, as evidenced by increased reticulocyte formation. Preparations for Good Manufacturing Practice, or GMP, manufacturing activities are underway to allow us to proceed to GMP manufacturing in early 2016.

The PK study for the anti-TNF antibody has been completed with favorable pharmacokinetics and we expect to initiate GMP manufacturing activities shortly.

The checkpoint inhibitor programs are making strong progress, as well as multiple other biologics programs that are in early-stage development.

Some of our pivotal trials, such as KIND-012 for treatment of fever in horses, may be conducted under Protocol Concurrences granted by the FDA while other studies, such as SentiKind for postoperative pain in dogs, are performed without a Protocol Concurrence. Protocol Concurrences are not required, but where they are granted by the FDA, they demonstrate that the FDA agrees that the design and analyses proposed in a protocol are acceptable to support regulatory approval of the product candidate with respect to effectiveness of the indication studied. Although the FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine, or the CVM, has not concurred with our proposed SentiKind protocol, we have modified the SentiKind pivotal trial protocol in accordance with comments provided by the CVM on our Protocol Concurrence request and have proceeded with the trial without obtaining a formal FDA Protocol Concurrence. Nonetheless, the CVM may not accept the pivotal study.

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In addition to the product candidates discussed above, we are in the early stages of development for multiple additional indications, with the potential to attain approval for two or more products annually for several years. We plan to commercialize our products in the United States through a direct sales force complemented by selected distributor relationships, and in the EU through distributors and other third parties. Because we seek to identify product candidates that are not protected by third-party patents, we typically do not need to obtain licenses or make any upfront, milestone or royalty payments in connection with our product candidates.

We are an early stage company with no products approved for marketing and sale, and we have not generated any revenue. We have incurred significant net losses since our inception. We incurred cumulative net losses of $52,182,000 through September 30, 2015. These losses have resulted principally from costs incurred in connection with investigating and developing our product candidates, research and development activities and general and administrative costs associated with our operations.

Historically, our funding has been a combination of private and public offerings, most recently our initial public offering in December 2013 provided us with net proceeds of $54,871,000 and a follow-on public offering in April 2014 provided us with net proceeds of $58,065,000. As of September 30, 2015, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $83,586,000.

For the foreseeable future, we expect to continue to incur losses, which will increase significantly from historical levels as we expand our product development activities, seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates and begin to commercialize them if they are approved by the CVM branch of the FDA, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, or USDA, or the European Medicines Agency, or EMA. If we are required to further fund our operations, we expect to do so through public or private equity offerings, debt financings, corporate collaborations and licensing arrangements. We cannot assure you that such funds will be available on terms favorable to us, if at all. Arrangements with collaborators or others may require us to relinquish rights to certain of our technologies or product candidates. In addition, we may never successfully complete development of, obtain adequate patent protection for, obtain necessary regulatory approval, or achieve commercial viability for any product candidate. If we are not able to raise additional capital on terms acceptable to us, or at all, as and when needed, we may be required to curtail our operations, and we may be unable to continue as a going concern.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our condensed financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of our condensed financial statements and related disclosures requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and revenue, costs and expenses and related disclosures during the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those described below. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies since the beginning of our fiscal year. Our critical accounting policies are described in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Result of Operations” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, which was filed with SEC on March 13, 2015.

14

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes the results of our operations for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$	5,033		$	3,755		$	14,833		$	13,892
General and administrative	2,095			2,342			5,969			6,525
Total operating expenses	7,128			6,097			20,802			20,417
Loss from operations	(7,128		)	(6,097		)	(20,802		)	(20,417		)
Interest income	33			25			92			67
Net loss	$	(7,095	)	$	(6,072	)	$	(20,710	)	$	(20,350	)

Revenue

We do not have any products approved for sale, have not generated any revenue since our inception and do not expect to generate any material revenue in the near future. If our development efforts result in clinical success and regulatory approval or collaboration agreements with third parties for any of our product candidates, we may generate revenue from those product candidates.

Research and Development Expense

All costs of research and development are expensed in the period incurred. Research and development costs consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for personnel, stock-based compensation expense, fees paid to consultants, outside service providers, professional services, travel costs and materials used in clinical trials and research and development. We are currently pursuing multiple product candidates for over a dozen indications. We typically use our employee and infrastructure resources across multiple development programs.

Research and development expense was as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands, except for percentages):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2015		2014		% Change		2015		2014		% Change
Payroll and related	$	2,324	$	1,423	63	%	6,149		3,109		98	%
Consulting	259		418		(38	)%	1,019		1,397		(27	)%
Field trial costs, including materials	1,419		1,068		33	%	4,501		7,134		(37	)%
Stock-based compensation	439		376		17	%	1,371		1,065		29	%
Other	592		470		26	%	1,793		1,187		51	%
	$	5,033	$	3,755	34	%	$	14,833	$	13,892	7	%

15

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, research and development expense related primarily to advancing the development of our lead product candidate, SentiKind, as well as KIND-012 for fever in horses and KIND-010 for management of weight loss in cats. During this period we completed a Target Animal Safety Study and sourced the manufacture of material necessary for regulatory approval. We also initiated additional manufacturing work in preparation for commercialization of our first product candidates. We continue to advance additional product candidates in our small molecule programs as well as continue to advance our biologics program by building an in-house team to focus on setting-up a manufacturing process for our potential biologic candidates.

Research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2015, increased by 34% to $5,033,000 compared with $3,755,000 for the same period in 2014. The increase in expenses were due to $901,000 in payroll and related expenses as we continue to staff up our research and development activities. In addition, our field trial costs increased by $351,000 due to costs associated with our KIND-010 and KIND-012 pivotal studies of approximately $1,267,000 offset in part by the decrease in field trial costs of approximately $1,091,000 due to the discontinued development of CereKin and AtoKin and lower SentiKind expenses. In addition, our biologics programs and other research expenses as well as stock-based compensation expense increased by approximately $122,000 and $63,000, respectively. Outsourced research and development expenses related to our SentiKind, KIND-010, KIND-012 and other product development programs for the three months ended September 30, 2015 were $185,000, $520,000, $747,000 and $184,000, respectively. Outsourced research and development expense consists primarily of costs related to manufacturing supplies, field trials, studies and consulting.

Research and development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, increased by 7% to $14,833,000 compared with $13,892,000 for the same period in 2014. Payroll and related expenses increased by $3,040,000 due to increased headcount as we continue to bring in-house our development activities resulting in lower consulting expense of $378,000. In addition, our biologics programs and other research expenses as well as stock-based compensation expense increased by approximately $606,000 and $306,000, respectively. The increased expenses were offset in part by the decrease in field trial costs of approximately $2,633,000 as we discontinued the development of CereKin and AtoKin and our SentiKind program completed enrollment in the second quarter of 2015. Outsourced research and development expense related to our product development programs for SentiKind, KIND-010, KIND-012 and other product development programs for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 were $1,794,000, $1,233,000, $1,433,000 and $1,016,000, respectively.

We expect research and development expense to increase for the foreseeable future as we continue to increase our headcount, commence pivotal studies and further develop our small molecule compounds and biologics development programs.  Due to the inherently unpredictable nature of our development, we cannot reasonably estimate or predict the nature, specific timing or estimated costs of the efforts that will be necessary to complete the development of our product candidates.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense was as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands, except for percentages):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2015		2014		% Change		2015	2014	% Change
	(In thousands)
Payroll and related	$	535	$	390	37	%	1,439	1,095	31	%
Consulting, legal fees and professional services	361		407		(11	)%	1,153	1,283	(10	)%
Stock-based compensation	567		889		(36	)%	1,732	2,453	(29	)%
Corporate and marketing expenses	220		496		(56	)%	799	1,175	(32	)%
Other	412		160		158	%	846	519	63	%
	$	2,095	$	2,342	(11	)%	5,969	6,525	(9	)%

16

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2015 decreased by 11% to $2,095,000 compared with $2,342,000 for the same period in 2014. The decrease in general and administrative expense was related to lower stock-based compensation expense as well as marketing and corporate expenses. The decrease was offset in part by higher payroll and related expenses due to increased headcount and other general business expenses.

General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 decreased by 9% to $5,969,000 compared with $6,525,000 for the same period in 2014. The decrease in general and administrative expense was related to lower stock-based compensation expense, consulting fees and marketing and corporate expenses. The decrease was offset in part by higher payroll and related expenses due to increased headcount and other general business expenses. We expect general and administrative expense to increase as we continue to increase our headcount and build our corporate infrastructure.

Income Taxes

We have historically incurred operating losses and maintain a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets.  Our management has evaluated the factors bearing upon the realizability of our deferred tax assets, which are comprised principally of net operating loss carryforwards and concluded that, due to the uncertainty of realizing any tax benefits as of September 30, 2015, a valuation allowance was necessary to fully offset our deferred tax assets.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations and have not generated any revenue since our inception in September 2012 through September 30, 2015. As of September 30, 2015, we had an accumulated deficit of $52,182,000. Since inception, we raised a total of $125,023,000, net of offering costs, through public offerings of our common stock and through the sale of preferred stock (subsequently converted to common stock at the time of our initial public offering). As of September 30, 2015, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $83,586,000. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments balances as of September 30, 2015, are sufficient to fund our planned operations for at least the next P24M months.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods set forth below:

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2015			2014
	(In thousands)
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(17,228	)	$	(16,800	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	$	8,592		$	(98,353	)
Net cash provided by financing activities	$	206		$	58,148

Net cash used in operating activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, net cash used in operating activities was $17,228,000. Net cash used in operating activities resulted primarily from our net loss of $20,710,000, offset by changes in operating assets and liabilities of $143,000 and non-cash, stock-based compensation of $3,103,000.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2014, net cash used in operating activities was $16,800,000. Net cash used in operating activities resulted primarily from our net loss of $20,350,000, partially offset by non-cash, stock-based compensation of $3,518,000.

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, net cash provided by investing activities was $8,592,000, which resulted from proceeds from maturities of marketable securities of $87,000,000 and sales of investments of

17

$3,000,000, partially offset by $81,086,000 related to the purchase of marketable securities and $322,000 related to purchases of property and equipment.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2014, net cash used in investing activities was $98,353,000 and related to the purchase of marketable securities of $128,142,000 and property and equipment of $211,000, partially offset by proceeds from maturities of marketable securities of $30,000,000.

Net cash provided by financing activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, net cash provided by financing activities consisted of $206,000 from the exercise of stock options and purchase of ESPP shares.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2014, net cash provided by financing activities of $58,148,000 consisted of $83,000 from the exercise of stock options and $58,065,000 in net proceeds from the sale of common stock.

Future Funding Requirements

We anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the next several years due to expenses relating to:

• pivotal trials of our product candidates;

• toxicology (target animal safety) studies for our product candidates;

• small molecule manufacturing;

• establishment of biologics manufacturing capability; and

• commercialization of one or more of our product candidates, if approved.

We believe our existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments will be sufficient to fund our operating plan through the anticipated approval and launch of our lead product candidate SentiKind. However, our operating plan may change as a result of many factors currently unknown to us, and we may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned, through public or private equity or debt financings or other sources, such as strategic collaborations. Such financing may result in dilution to stockholders, imposition of debt covenants and repayment obligations or other restrictions that may affect our business. In addition, we may seek additional capital due to favorable market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans.

Our future capital requirements depend on many factors, including, but not limited to:

• the scope, progress, results and costs of researching and developing our current or future product candidates;

• the timing of, and the costs involved in, obtaining regulatory approvals for any of our current or future product candidates;

• the number and characteristics of the product candidates we pursue;

• the cost of manufacturing our current and future product candidates and any products we successfully commercialize, including cost of building internal biologics manufacturing capacity;

• the cost of commercialization activities if any of our current or future product candidates are approved for sale, including marketing, sales and distribution costs;

• the expenses needed to attract and retain skilled personnel;

• the costs associated with being a public company;

• our ability to establish and maintain strategic collaborations, licensing or other arrangements and the financial terms of such agreements; and

• the costs involved in preparing, filing, prosecuting, maintaining, defending and enforcing possible patent claims, including litigation costs and the outcome of any such litigation.

Since inception, we have not engaged in the use of any off-balance sheet arrangements, such as structured finance entities, special purpose entities or variable interest entities.

Contractual Obligations

18

In April 2014, we entered into noncancelable operating leases for laboratory space and office space and in January 2015 as well as July 2015, we amended one of the operating leases to include additional lab space. In June 2015, we entered into a noncancelable operating lease for office space in San Diego, California. Under the operating leases we are obligated to make minimum lease payments totaling $1,047,000 through July 2020 the timing of which is described in more detail in the notes to the condensed financial statements.

In March 2014, we entered into a license agreement under which we made an up-front payment and were obligated to make annual payments and, subject to certain terms and conditions, milestone payments upon achievement of development milestones and a royalty based on sales of products developed under the agreement. In January 2015, we terminated this agreement since our internal technologies made the licensed technology redundant.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2015, we did not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) - Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, which provides guidance regarding management’s responsibility to assess whether substantial doubt exists regarding the ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. In connection with preparing financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, an entity’s management should evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued when applicable). This ASU is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed financial statements.

We do not believe there are any other recently issued standards not yet effective that will have a material impact on our financial statements when the standards become effective.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve capital. We do not utilize hedging contracts or similar instruments.

We are exposed to certain market risks relating primarily to (1) interest rate risk on our cash and cash equivalents, (2) market  price risk on our short-term investments, and (3) risks relating to the financial viability of the institutions which hold our capital and through which we have invested our funds. We manage such risks by investing in short-term, liquid, highly-rated instruments. As of September 30, 2015, our cash equivalents and short-term investments are invested in money market funds, U.S. treasury bills, U.S. federal agency notes and U.S treasury bonds and notes. We do not believe we have any material exposure to interest rate risk due to the extremely low interest rate environment, the short duration of the securities we hold and our ability to hold our investments to maturity if necessary. Declines in interest rates would reduce investment income, but would not have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

We do not currently have exposure to foreign currency risk.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer (the “Certifying Officer”), evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), such as this report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures are also designed to reasonably assure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Certifying Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on these evaluations, the Certifying Officer has concluded, that, as of the end of the period covered by this report:

(a)    our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and

(b)our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that material information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act was accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Certifying Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period ended September 30, 2015 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

None.

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS

You should consider the “Risk Factors” included under Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 filed with the SEC on March 13, 2015. There have been no material changes to those Risk Factors.

ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

Use of Proceeds from the Sale of Registered Securities

On December 11, 2013, our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-192242) was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for our initial public offering pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of 8,625,000 shares of our common stock at a price to the public of $7.00 per share.  There has been no material change in our use of proceeds from our initial public offering as described in our final prospectus filed with the SEC on December 12, 2013 pursuant to Rule 424(b).

ITEM 3.    DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION

None.

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ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number	Description
31.1	Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer.
32.1	Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer.
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

22

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: November 9, 2015

Kindred Biosciences, Inc.
By:	/s/ Richard Chin
	Richard Chin, M.D.
	President and Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer

23

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Certification of the Principal Executive Officer and Interim Principal Financial Officer Under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

I, Richard Chin, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Kindred Biosciences, Inc.

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report.

4. I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a- 15(e) and 15d- 15(e)) and and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to me by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under my supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

5. I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 9, 2015	By:      /s/ Richard Chin
	Name: Richard Chin, MD
	Title: Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

AND INTERIM PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of Kindred Biosciences, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby certifies that, to his knowledge:

(i)    The quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2015 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(ii)    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 9, 2015	By:     /s/ Richard Chin
	Name: Richard Chin, MD
	Title: Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer

XML

Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)		9 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2015	Sep. 30, 2015
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding liability included in accrued compensation		$ 97,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares of common stock purchased (in shares)		26,772
Net proceeds from sale of common stock		$ 147,000
Unrecognized stock-based compensation		$ 9,302,000
Weighted-average period for recognition		2 years 8 months 12 days
Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Initial offering period		6 months
Consecutive offering period	5 months
Purchase price of common stock, percent of fair market value		85.00%
Shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)		200,000
Maximum number of shares participant may purchase during each offering period (in shares)		2,000
Maximum value of shares participant may purchase during each offering period		$ 25,000

XML

Accrued Liabilities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

Accrued Liabilities

Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2015			December 31, 2014
Research and development costs	$	793		$	715
Other expenses	317			247
Deferred rent	56			57
	1,166			1,019
Less current portion	(1,120		)	(975		)
Long-term liability (deferred rent)	$	46		$	44

XML

Net Loss Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014
Numerator:
Net loss	$ (7,095)	$ (6,072)	$ (20,710)	$ (20,350)
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted, in shares	19,792,000	19,713,000	19,758,000	18,467,000
Net loss per share, basic and diluted, in dollars per share	$ (0.36)	$ (0.31)	$ (1.05)	$ (1.10)
Stock Options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from EPS computation (in shares)	3,078,065	2,390,090	3,078,065	2,390,090

XML

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2015 USD ($) equipment_lease	Jul. 31, 2015 ft²	Jun. 30, 2015 ft²	Jan. 31, 2015 ft²
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of equipment leases | equipment_lease	3
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2015 (remaining of year)	$ 104
2016	417
2017	341
2018	103
2019 and beyond	82
Total	$ 1,047
Laboratory space | Operating lease
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Square footage of laboratory space | ft²		131		2,431
Square footage of office space | ft²			3,126

XML

Short-Term Investments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Short-Term Investments

Short-Term Investments

We classify all highly-liquid investments with stated maturities of greater than three months from the date of purchase and remaining maturities of less than one year as short-term investments. Investments with maturities beyond one year may be classified as short-term based on their highly liquid nature and because such investments are viewed as being available to support current operations. We classify and account for short-term investments as available-for-sale and reflect realized gains and losses using the specific identification method. Changes in market value if any, excluding other-than-temporary impairments, are reflected in other comprehensive income (loss).

The fair value of available-for-sale short-term investments by type of security at September 30, 2015 were as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
U.S. treasury bills	$	34,133	$	15	$	(1	)	$	34,147
U.S. federal agency notes	13,571		1		(1		)	13,571
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	31,339		24		(34		)	31,329
	$	79,043	$	40	$	(36	)	$	79,047

The fair value of available-for-sale short-term investments by type of security at December 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
U.S. treasury bills	$	5,994	$	4	$	—		$	5,998
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	82,091		—		(31		)	82,060
	$	88,085	$	4	$	(31	)	$	88,058

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Condensed Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 4,539	$ 12,969
Short-term investments	79,047	88,058
Prepaid expenses and other	449	477
Total current assets	84,035	101,504
Property and equipment, net	608	394
Other assets	30	22
Total assets	84,673	101,920
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	285	420
Accrued compensation	1,568	1,457
Accrued liabilities	1,120	975
Total current liabilities	2,973	2,852
Long-term liability	46	44
Total liabilities	$ 3,019	$ 2,896
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 19,792,337 and 19,724,482 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively	$ 2	$ 2
Additional paid-in capital	133,830	130,521
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	4	(27)
Accumulated deficit	(52,182)	(31,472)
Total stockholders' equity	81,654	99,024
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 84,673	$ 101,920

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Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Kindred Biosciences, Inc. ("we", "us" or "our") was incorporated on September 25, 2012 (inception) in the State of Delaware. We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on saving and improving the lives of pets. Our activities since inception have consisted principally of raising capital, establishing facilities, recruiting management and technical staff and performing research and development and advancing our product candidates seeking regulatory approval. Our headquarters are in Burlingame, California.

We are subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. There can be no assurance that our research and development will be successfully completed, that adequate patent or other intellectual property protection for our technology will be obtained, that any products developed will obtain necessary government regulatory approval or that any approved products will be commercially viable. We operate in an environment of substantial competition from other animal health companies. In addition, we are dependent upon the services of our employees and consultants, as well as third-party contract research organizations and manufacturers.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These unaudited interim condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2014 included in our annual report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 13, 2015. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of a normal and recurring nature, considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included in these unaudited interim condensed financial statements.

Liquidity

We have incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations and have not generated any revenue since our inception. We expect to continue to incur losses and negative cash flows, which will increase significantly from historical levels as we expand our product development activities, seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates, establish a biologics manufacturing capability, and begin to commercialize any approved products. To date, we have been funded primarily through sales of our former convertible preferred stock, the sale of our common stock in our initial public offering in December 2013 and the sale of our common stock in our April 2014 follow-on public offering. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaling $83,586,000 as of September 30, 2015, are sufficient to fund our planned operations for at least the next 24 months.

If we require additional funding for operations, we may seek such funding through public or private equity or debt financings or other sources, such as corporate collaborations and licensing arrangements. We may not be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, and we may not be able to enter into corporate collaborations or licensing arrangements. The terms of any financing may result in dilution or otherwise adversely affect the holdings or the rights of our stockholders.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these condensed financial statements include, but are not limited to, the valuation of stock-based awards, the realization of deferred tax assets and the accrual of research and development expenses. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Comprehensive Loss

Our comprehensive loss includes the change in unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities. The cumulative amount of gains or losses are reflected as a separate component of stockholders' equity in the condensed balance sheets as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) - Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, which provides guidance regarding management’s responsibility to assess whether substantial doubt exists regarding the ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. In connection with preparing financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, management should evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued when applicable). This ASU is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed financial statements.

We do not believe there are any other recently issued standards not yet effective that will have a material impact on our financial statements when the standards become effective.

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Short-Term Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	$ 79,043	$ 88,085
Gross Unrealized Gains	40	4
Gross Unrealized Losses	(36)	(31)
Fair Value	79,047	88,058
U.S. treasury bills
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	34,133	5,994
Gross Unrealized Gains	15	4
Gross Unrealized Losses	(1)	0
Fair Value	34,147	5,998
U.S. federal agency notes
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	13,571
Gross Unrealized Gains	1
Gross Unrealized Losses	(1)
Fair Value	13,571
U.S. treasury bonds and notes
Gain (Loss) on Investments [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	31,339	82,091
Gross Unrealized Gains	24	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(34)	(31)
Fair Value	$ 31,329	$ 82,060

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock - Stock Option Plan (Details) - Stock Option Plan - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares underlying options granted, in shares	32,500	117,500	844,733	1,064,463
Weighted-average exercise price, in dollars per share	$ 6.37	$ 16.60	$ 6.67	$ 16.63
Weighted average risk-free interest rate	1.78%	1.90%	1.50%	1.71%
Weighted average expected term	6 years 3 months 18 days	6 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 3 months 18 days
Weighted average expected volatility, as a percent	90.00%	90.00%	96.00%	90.00%
Expected dividend yield, as a percent	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share, in dollars per share	$ 4.80	$ 12.42	$ 5.14	$ 12.37

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Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Certain assets and liabilities are carried at fair value. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. A fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable, is used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable inputs (other than Level 1 quoted prices) such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to determining the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques.

The carrying amount of financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the short maturities of these financial instruments. Financial assets, which consist of money market funds and available-for-sale securities, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Financial assets, which consist of money market funds and available-for-sale securities, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements as of September 30, 2015
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	4,344	$	4,344	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	34,147		—		34,147		—
U.S. federal agency notes	13,571		—		13,571		—
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	31,329		—		31,329		—
	$	83,391	$	4,344	$	79,047	$	—

	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2014
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	834	$	834	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	5,998		—		5,998		—
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	82,060		—		82,060		—
	$	88,892	$	834	$	88,058	$	—

There were no transfers of assets between Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy at September 30, 2015 or December 31, 2014.

At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, we did not have any financial liabilities which were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

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Condensed Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Common stock, par value, in dollar per share	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	19,792,337	19,724,482
Common stock, shares outstanding	19,792,337	19,724,482

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock Option Plan valuation assumptions

The table below shows the number of shares of common stock underlying options granted to employees, directors and consultants, the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model used to value those options and the resulting weighted-average grant date fair value per share:

Stock Option Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2015	2014	2015	2014
Shares underlying options granted	32,500	117,500	844,733	1,064,463
Weighted-average exercise price	$6.37	$16.60	$6.67	$16.63
Weighted average risk- free interest rate	1.78 %	1.90 %	1.50%	1.71%
Weighted average expected term (years)	6.3	6.1	6.1	6.3
Weighted average expected volatility	90%	90%	96%	90%
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	$4.80	$12.42	$5.14	$12.37

Schedule of Stock Purchase Plan valuation assumptions

The following assumptions were used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate employee stock-based compensation:

Stock Purchase Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2015	2014	2015	2014
Weighted average risk-free interest rate	—	—	0.07%	—
Weighted average expected term (years)	—	—	0.5	—
Weighted average expected volatility	—	—	73%	—
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	—	—	$2.14	—

Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense

We recorded stock-based compensation expense as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2015		2014		2015		2014
Research and development	$	439	$	376	$	1,371	$	1,065
General and administrative	567		889		1,732		2,453
	$	1,006	$	1,265	$	3,103	$	3,518

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Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2015	Oct. 30, 2015
Entity [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	Kindred Biosciences, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001561743
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2015
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2015
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		19,809,380

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Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Noncancelable Operating Leases

As of September 30, 2015, we are obligated to make minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases as follows (in thousands):

Year ending December 31,	Lease Payments
2015 (remaining of year)	$	104
2016	417
2017	341
2018	103
2019 and beyond	82
Total	$	1,047

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Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$ 5,033	$ 3,755	$ 14,833	$ 13,892
General and administrative	2,095	2,342	5,969	6,525
Total operating expenses	7,128	6,097	20,802	20,417
Loss from operations	(7,128)	(6,097)	(20,802)	(20,417)
Interest income	33	25	92	67
Net loss	(7,095)	(6,072)	(20,710)	(20,350)
Change in unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities	5	24	31	10
Comprehensive loss	$ (7,090)	$ (6,048)	$ (20,679)	$ (20,340)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted, in dollars per share	$ (0.36)	$ (0.31)	$ (1.05)	$ (1.10)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted, in shares	19,792	19,713	19,758	18,467

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Net Loss Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss Per Share

Net Loss Per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share was calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Basic and diluted net loss per share:
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(7,095	)	$	(6,072	)	$	(20,710	)	$	(20,350	)
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	19,792			19,713			19,758			18,467
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.36	)	$	(0.31	)	$	(1.05	)	$	(1.10	)

There was no difference between the Company’s net loss and the net loss attributable to common stockholders for all periods presented.

Stock options to purchase 3,078,065 shares of common stock as of September 30, 2015, were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, because their effect was anti-dilutive.

Stock options and unvested restricted stock awards to purchase 2,390,090 shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, because their effect was anti-dilutive.

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Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

In March 2014, we entered into a license agreement under which we made an up-front payment and were obligated to make annual payments and, subject to certain terms and conditions, milestone payments upon achievement of development milestones and a royalty based on sales of products developed under the agreement. We terminated this agreement in January 2015.

In April 2014, we entered into new noncancelable operating leases for laboratory space and office space through November 2017. In January 2015, we amended a lease to expand the laboratory space for an additional 2,431 square feet and in July 2015, we expanded the laboratory space by an additional 131 square feet. In June 2015, we entered into a new noncancelable operating lease for 3,126 square feet of office space in San Diego, California. In addition, we have three equipment leases, expiring in July 2017, July 2019 and July 2020, respectively.

As of September 30, 2015, we are obligated to make minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases as follows (in thousands):

Year ending December 31,	Lease Payments
2015 (remaining of year)	$	104
2016	417
2017	341
2018	103
2019 and beyond	82
Total	$	1,047

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Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Research and development costs	$ 793	$ 715
Other expenses	317	247
Deferred rent	56	57
Accrued liabilities	1,166	1,019
Less current portion	(1,120)	(975)
Long-term liability (deferred rent)	$ 46	$ 44

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Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Calculation of Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share was calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Basic and diluted net loss per share:
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(7,095	)	$	(6,072	)	$	(20,710	)	$	(20,350	)
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	19,792			19,713			19,758			18,467
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.36	)	$	(0.31	)	$	(1.05	)	$	(1.10	)

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Short-Term Investments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value of Available-for-Sale Short Term Investments

The fair value of available-for-sale short-term investments by type of security at September 30, 2015 were as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
U.S. treasury bills	$	34,133	$	15	$	(1	)	$	34,147
U.S. federal agency notes	13,571		1		(1		)	13,571
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	31,339		24		(34		)	31,329
	$	79,043	$	40	$	(36	)	$	79,047

The fair value of available-for-sale short-term investments by type of security at December 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
U.S. treasury bills	$	5,994	$	4	$	—		$	5,998
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	82,091		—		(31		)	82,060
	$	88,085	$	4	$	(31	)	$	88,058

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Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Accounting, Policy

Kindred Biosciences, Inc. ("we", "us" or "our") was incorporated on September 25, 2012 (inception) in the State of Delaware. We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on saving and improving the lives of pets. Our activities since inception have consisted principally of raising capital, establishing facilities, recruiting management and technical staff and performing research and development and advancing our product candidates seeking regulatory approval. Our headquarters are in Burlingame, California.

We are subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. There can be no assurance that our research and development will be successfully completed, that adequate patent or other intellectual property protection for our technology will be obtained, that any products developed will obtain necessary government regulatory approval or that any approved products will be commercially viable. We operate in an environment of substantial competition from other animal health companies. In addition, we are dependent upon the services of our employees and consultants, as well as third-party contract research organizations and manufacturers.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These unaudited interim condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2014 included in our annual report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 13, 2015. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of a normal and recurring nature, considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included in these unaudited interim condensed financial statements.

Liquidity

Liquidity

We have incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations and have not generated any revenue since our inception. We expect to continue to incur losses and negative cash flows, which will increase significantly from historical levels as we expand our product development activities, seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates, establish a biologics manufacturing capability, and begin to commercialize any approved products. To date, we have been funded primarily through sales of our former convertible preferred stock, the sale of our common stock in our initial public offering in December 2013 and the sale of our common stock in our April 2014 follow-on public offering. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaling $83,586,000 as of September 30, 2015, are sufficient to fund our planned operations for at least the next 24 months.

If we require additional funding for operations, we may seek such funding through public or private equity or debt financings or other sources, such as corporate collaborations and licensing arrangements. We may not be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, and we may not be able to enter into corporate collaborations or licensing arrangements. The terms of any financing may result in dilution or otherwise adversely affect the holdings or the rights of our stockholders.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these condensed financial statements include, but are not limited to, the valuation of stock-based awards, the realization of deferred tax assets and the accrual of research and development expenses. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive Loss

Our comprehensive loss includes the change in unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities. The cumulative amount of gains or losses are reflected as a separate component of stockholders' equity in the condensed balance sheets as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) - Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, which provides guidance regarding management’s responsibility to assess whether substantial doubt exists regarding the ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. In connection with preparing financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, management should evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued when applicable). This ASU is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and have not determined the impact this standard may have on our condensed financial statements.

We do not believe there are any other recently issued standards not yet effective that will have a material impact on our financial statements when the standards become effective.

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Financial assets, which consist of money market funds and available-for-sale securities, are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements as of September 30, 2015
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	4,344	$	4,344	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	34,147		—		34,147		—
U.S. federal agency notes	13,571		—		13,571		—
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	31,329		—		31,329		—
	$	83,391	$	4,344	$	79,047	$	—

	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2014
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	834	$	834	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury bills	5,998		—		5,998		—
U.S. treasury bonds and notes	82,060		—		82,060		—
	$	88,892	$	834	$	88,058	$	—

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Accrued Liabilities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

Schedule of Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2015			December 31, 2014
Research and development costs	$	793		$	715
Other expenses	317			247
Deferred rent	56			57
	1,166			1,019
Less current portion	(1,120		)	(975		)
Long-term liability (deferred rent)	$	46		$	44

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Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Recurring basis - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total financial assets	$ 83,391	$ 88,892
Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total financial assets	4,344	834
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total financial assets	79,047	88,058
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total financial assets	0	0
U.S. treasury bills
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	34,147	5,998
U.S. treasury bills | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	0	0
U.S. treasury bills | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	34,147	5,998
U.S. treasury bills | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	0	0
U.S. federal agency notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	13,571
U.S. federal agency notes | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	0
U.S. federal agency notes | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	13,571
U.S. federal agency notes | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	0
U.S. treasury bonds and notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	31,329	82,060
U.S. treasury bonds and notes | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	0	0
U.S. treasury bonds and notes | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	31,329	82,060
U.S. treasury bonds and notes | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments	0	0
Money market funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	4,344	834
Money market funds | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	4,344	834
Money market funds | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0	0
Money market funds | Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	$ 0	$ 0

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock - Stock Purchase Plan (Details) - Employee Stock Purchase Plan - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average risk-free interest rate	0.00%	0.00%	0.07%	0.00%
Weighted average expected term	0 years	0 years	6 months	0 years
Weighted average expected volatility, as a percent	0.00%	0.00%	73.00%	0.00%
Expected dividend yield, as a percent	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share, in dollars per share	$ 0.00	$ 0.00	$ 2.14	$ 0.00

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Condensed Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$ (20,710)	$ (20,350)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock-based compensation expense	3,103	3,518
Depreciation and amortization expense	108	29
Amortization of premium on marketable securities	128	49
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other	28	(540)
Other assets	(8)	(22)
Accounts payable	(135)	55
Accrued liabilities and accrued compensation	258	461
Net cash used in operating activities	(17,228)	(16,800)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchase of short-term investments	(81,086)	(128,142)
Sale of short-term investments	3,000	0
Maturities of short-term investments	87,000	30,000
Purchase of property and equipment	(322)	(211)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	8,592	(98,353)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Exercise of stock options and purchase of ESPP shares	206	83
Net proceeds from sale of common stock	0	58,065
Net cash provided by financing activities	206	58,148
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(8,430)	(57,005)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	12,969	65,329
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	4,539	8,324
Common Stock
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:
Issuance of common stock and stock options for accrued consulting expenses	$ 0	$ 303

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock

Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock

The table below shows the number of shares of common stock underlying options granted to employees, directors and consultants, the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model used to value those options and the resulting weighted-average grant date fair value per share:

Stock Option Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2015	2014	2015	2014
Shares underlying options granted	32,500	117,500	844,733	1,064,463
Weighted-average exercise price	$6.37	$16.60	$6.67	$16.63
Weighted average risk- free interest rate	1.78 %	1.90 %	1.50%	1.71%
Weighted average expected term (years)	6.3	6.1	6.1	6.3
Weighted average expected volatility	90%	90%	96%	90%
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	$4.80	$12.42	$5.14	$12.37

Our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Stock Purchase Plan"), adopted in December 2014, permits eligible employees to purchase common stock at a discount through payroll deductions during defined six-month consecutive offering periods beginning December 1 with the exception of our first offering period which commenced on January 1, 2015 for a five month duration. The price at which the stock is purchased is equal to the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the first day of the offering or 85% of the fair market value of our common stock on the purchase date. A total of 200,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance under the Stock Purchase Plan. A participant may purchase a maximum of 2,000 shares of common stock during each offering period, not to exceed $25,000 worth of common stock on the offering date during each calendar year. We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model, in combination with the discounted employee price, in determining the value of the Stock Purchase Plan expense to be recognized during each offering period. The following assumptions were used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate employee stock-based compensation:

Stock Purchase Plan	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2015	2014	2015	2014
Weighted average risk-free interest rate	—	—	0.07%	—
Weighted average expected term (years)	—	—	0.5	—
Weighted average expected volatility	—	—	73%	—
Expected dividend yield	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	—	—	$2.14	—

Under the Stock Purchase Plan, employees purchased 26,772 shares of common stock for $147,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2015. At September 30, 2015, we had an outstanding liability of $97,000, which is included in accrued compensation on the condensed balance sheet, for employee contributions to the Stock Purchase Plan for shares pending issuance at the end of the next offering period.

We recorded stock-based compensation expense as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2015		2014		2015		2014
Research and development	$	439	$	376	$	1,371	$	1,065
General and administrative	567		889		1,732		2,453
	$	1,006	$	1,265	$	3,103	$	3,518

We had an aggregate of approximately $9,302,000 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for options outstanding and the Stock Purchase Plan as of September 30, 2015 which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years.

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Stock-Based Awards and Common Stock - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014	Sep. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2014
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,006	$ 1,265	$ 3,103	$ 3,518
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	439	376	1,371	1,065
General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 567	$ 889	$ 1,732	$ 2,453
Employee stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Term	0 years	0 years	6 months	0 years

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Description of Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2015 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments	$ 83,586
Substantial cash and cash equivalent, term	24 months