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Accounting Standards
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Accounting Standards
Accounting Standards
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In March 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an accounting standards update to align existing guidance on accounting for income taxes, pursuant to guidance provided by a Staff Accounting Bulletin published by the SEC on December 22, 2017. The update addresses the challenges in accounting for the effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act), enacted on December 22, 2017, in the period of enactment and required companies to report provisional amounts for those specific income tax effects of the Tax Act for which the accounting is incomplete but a reasonable estimate can be determined. Provisional amounts will be subject to adjustment during a measurement period of up to one year from the enactment date. For additional information, see Note 8. Income Taxes.
In August 2017, the FASB issued an accounting standards update which amends the hedge accounting recognition and presentation requirements
and is intended to better align hedge accounting with companies' risk management strategies. The standard eliminates the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness and generally requires that the entire change in fair value of a hedging instrument be presented in the same income statement line item as the respective hedged item. The standard also modifies certain disclosure requirements. The provisions of the update are effective beginning January 1, 2019 for interim and annual periods with early adoption permitted for any interim period after issuance of the update. We elected to early adopt this guidance as of April 1, 2018. There were no hedging contracts in effect as of the date of adoption.
In March 2017, the FASB issued an accounting standards update to simplify and improve the reporting of net periodic pension benefit cost by requiring only present service cost to be presented in the same line item as other current employee compensation costs while remaining components of net periodic benefit cost would be presented within Other (income)/deductions—net outside of operations. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2018, the required effective date. The new standard did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that requires the recognition of the income tax consequences of an intra-entity asset transfer, other than inventory, when the transfer occurs as opposed to when the asset is sold to an outside third party. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2018, the required effective date. The new standard did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that outlines a new, single comprehensive model for companies to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2018, the required effective date, using the modified retrospective adoption method. Prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting policies. Application of the standard using the modified retrospective method did not require an adjustment to opening retained earnings. For additional information, see Note 4. Revenue.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In February 2018, the FASB issued an accounting standards update which permits companies to reclassify from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings stranded tax effects resulting from the new federal corporate income tax rate. In the period of adoption, a company may choose to either apply the amendments retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in federal income tax rate is recognized or to apply the amendments in that reporting period. The provisions of the update are effective beginning January 1, 2019 for interim and annual periods, with early adoption permitted for any interim period after issuance of the update. We are currently assessing the timing of our adoption and do not expect that the new standard will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standards update which requires lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet with a corresponding right of use asset. Leases will be classified as financing or operating which will drive the expense recognition pattern. For lessees, the income statement presentation and expense recognition pattern for financing and operating leases is similar to the current model for capital and operating leases, respectively. Companies may elect to exclude short-term leases. The update also requires additional disclosures that will better enable users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. We plan to adopt this guidance as of January 1, 2019, the required effective date, for annual and interim reporting periods. The new standard requires a modified retrospective adoption approach, at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. We have selected a lease accounting system which we are in the process of implementing, while continuing to evaluate our lease contracts, accounting policy elections, and the impact of adoption on our consolidated financial statements. While we do not expect adoption of the standard to have a significant impact on our consolidated statements of income, the impact on the assets and liabilities within our consolidated balance sheet may be material.