The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited, include the Company’s accounts and those of its wholly-owned subsidiary and have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018, has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the full fiscal year or any interim period and should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 and the notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018. The significant accounting policies used in preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements for the periods shown are consistent with those discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements in the Company’s 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K and are updated below as necessary.

The Company currently operates in one business segment, which is the identification, development and commercialization of therapies for the treatment of serious and neglected rare cardiovascular diseases and has a single reporting and operating unit. These interim statements, in the opinion of management, reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations for the interim periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term beginning at the commencement date. As the Company’s leases do not provide enough information to determine an implicit interest rate, the Company determines an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available as of the lease commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. The operating lease ROU assets also include any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Lease agreements that contain lease and non-lease components are accounted for as a single lease component.

A reconciliation of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the condensed consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows is as follows (in thousands):

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	443,693	$	246,122
Restricted cash included in prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	364		—
Restricted cash included in restricted cash and other		1,856		2,143
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows	$	445,913	$	248,265

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, other comprehensive gain (loss) and the related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including estimates related to accrued clinical trial and manufacturing development expenses, stock-based compensation expense, income tax expense and operating leases. Significant estimates in these condensed consolidated financial statements include estimates made in connection with accrued research and development expenses, stock-based compensation expense, leases, income tax expenses and revenue. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, known trends and other market-specific or other relevant factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from those estimates or assumptions.

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842, Leases (ASC 842), which requires lessees to recognize a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases except for short-term leases with a lease term of twelve months or less. For lessees, leases continue to be classified as either operating or finance leases in the income statement. Lessor accounting is similar to the prior model but updated to align with certain changes to the lessee model. Lessors continue to classify leases as operating, direct financing or sales-type leases. The Company elected to adopt ASC 842 under the transition method that allows for the application of the new guidance at the beginning of the adoption period without recasting comparative periods. The Company also elected transition practical expedients to the implementation of the lease standard, as follows: (1) the Company did not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts, which had commenced before January 1, 2019, the date of adoption, are or contain leases, (2) the Company did not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases and (3) the Company did not reassess the initial direct costs for any existing leases.

Upon adoption, the Company recognized ROU assets and related lease liabilities totaling $2.1 million, representing the present value of future lease payments of each lease utilizing the Company’s incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”), which is the estimated borrowing rate of a collateralized loan over the remaining term of the lease. Also upon adoption, a deferred rent amount of $0.2 million as of December 31, 2018 was reclassified to the ROU assets, reducing the carrying value to $1.9 million. The increase in ROU assets and related lease liabilities since adoption of ASC 842 during the first quarter of 2019 resulted from the Company entering into an additional facility operating lease in South San Francisco.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07 (Topic 718), Compensation – Stock Compensation (ASU 2018-07). The update represents an expansion of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. An entity should apply the requirements of Topic 718 to nonemployee awards except for specific guidance on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost (that is, the period of time over which share-based payment awards vest and the pattern of cost recognition over that period). The amendments specify that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also clarify that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company adopted ASU 2018-17 in the first quarter of 2019 and it did not have a material impact to the Company’s financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13 (Topic 820), Fair Value Measurement (ASU 2018-13), which modifies the disclosure requirements in Topic 820 by removing requirements for disclosing (i) amounts of and reasons for transfers between the Level 1 and Level 2 hierarchies, (ii) the policy for timing of transfers between levels and (iii) the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. The ASU 2018-13 amendment also adds requirements for disclosure of changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period relating to Level 3 fair value measurements and other factors considered in the valuation of Level 3 investments. This amendment is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company has evaluated this amendment and it is not expected to have a material impact to the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 (Topic 326), Financial Instruments –Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU 2016-13), which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets by requiring an allowance to be recorded as an offset to the amortized cost of such assets. For available-for-sale debt securities, expected credit losses should be estimated when the fair value of the debt securities is below their associated amortized costs. This amendment is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The modified retrospective approach should be applied upon adoption of this new guidance. The Company has evaluated this amendment and it is not expected to have a material impact to the Company’s financial statements.