Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Feb. 28, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

For the three months ended February 28, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not record any current income tax expense or provision. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of loss and credit carryforwards and temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent upon future taxable income, the amount, if any, and timing of which are uncertain. The Company has generated losses since inception and has established a valuation allowance to offset deferred tax assets as of February 28, 2023 and 2022 due to the uncertainty of realizing future tax benefits from its net operating loss carryforwards and other deferred tax assets.

In January 2019, the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) initiated an examination of the Company’s California tax return for the tax years ending in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. During the year ended November 30, 2021, the FTB issued proposed audit assessments related to revenue sourcing and R&D credits. The Company does not agree with the FTB assessments and intends to challenge the assessments. Pursuant to a measurement analysis, the Company has not recorded an unrecognized tax benefit related to the FTB’s sourcing position. The Company maintains an unrecognized tax benefit related to its California R&D credits for all years.

In December 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) was signed into law, significantly reforming the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (IRC). The TCJA included a provision impacting Section 174 that requires taxpayers to capitalize and amortize, rather than deduct, research and experimental (R&E) expenses for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2022. For the year ending November 30, 2023, the Company anticipates capitalizing a significant portion of its total R&E expenses. The Company does not expect a significant current income tax liability as a result of the enactment of IRC Section 174. The Company will continue to monitor IRS guidance on this provision.