10-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒     ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020

☐     TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________.

Commission File Number: 000-54747

SKKYNET CLOUD SYSTEMS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada	45-3757848
State or other jurisdiction of	(IRS Employer
incorporation or organization	Identification Number)

2233 Argentia Road/ Suite 306, Mississauga, Ontario Canada L5N 2X7.

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (888) 628-2028

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None.

Name of each exchange on which registered: None.

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, par value $0.001

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act ☐ Yes ☒ No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15d of the Act ☐ Yes ☒ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period of that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the previous 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files.) Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by checkmark if disclosure of delinquent filers to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405) is not contained herein and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
Emerging Growth Company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act,) Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate number of shares of the voting stock held by non-affiliates on April 29, 2020 was 15,816,000 with a market value of $4,428,480. For the purposes of the foregoing calculation only, all directors and executive officers of the registrant have been deemed affiliates.

The number of shares outstanding of the Company’s $.001 Par Value Common Stock as of February 8, 2021, was 51,576,122. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: None.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		3
PART 1
Item 1.	Business	5
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	15
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	15
Item 2.	Properties	15
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	15
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosure	15
PART II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	16
Item 6.	Selected Financial Data	16
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations	16
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	21
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	21
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	21
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	21
Item 9B.	Other Information	22
PART III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	23
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	26
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	29
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	32
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	33
PART IV
Item 15.	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules	34
SIGNATURES		35

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Various statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including those that express a belief, expectation or intention, as well as those that are not statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements may include projections and estimates concerning the timing and success of our business activities, our revenues, income and capital spending. We generally identify forward-looking statements with the words “believe,” “intend,” “expect,” “seek,” “may,” “should,” “anticipate,” “could,” “estimate,” “plan,” “predict,” “project” or their negatives, and other similar expressions. All statements we make relating to our estimated timelines and commencement of operations, and our projected earnings, costs, expenditures, cash flows, and financial results or to our expectations regarding future industry trends are forward-looking statements.

These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may change at any time, and, therefore, our actual results may differ materially from those that we expected. The forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K are largely based on our expectations, which reflect estimates and assumptions made by our management. These estimates and assumptions reflect our best judgment based on currently known market conditions and other factors. Although we believe such estimates and assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors and it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. In addition, management's assumptions about future events may prove to be inaccurate. We caution all readers that the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K are not guarantees of future performance, and we cannot assure any reader that such statements will prove correct or the forward-looking events and circumstances will occur. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements due to the numerous risks and uncertainties as described elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

All forward-looking statements are based upon information available to us on the date of this Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us, or persons acting on our behalf. The risks, contingencies and uncertainties associated with our forward-looking statements relate to, among other matters, the following:

• our ability to attract new clients to enter into subscriptions or one time installations for our products and services:

• our ability to service those clients effectively and induce them to renew their subscriptions to our products and services;

• our ability to expand our sales organization to effectively address the new industries, geographies and types of organizations we intend to target;

• our ability to accurately forecast revenue and appropriately plan our expenses;

• continued market acceptance of our products and services, including alternate ways of addressing  needs for coordination and control of manufacturing and financial services processes through modified or new technologies we create;

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• continued acceptance of our products and services as an effective method for delivering manufacturing and financial services management solutions and other manufacturing and financial services management applications;

• the attraction and retention of qualified employees and key personnel;

• our ability to protect and defend our intellectual property;

• costs associated with defending intellectual property infringement and other claims;

• events in the markets for our products and applications and alternatives to our products and applications, in the United States and global markets generally;

• future regulatory, judicial and legislative changes in our industry;

• changes in the competitive environment in our industry and the markets in which we operate.  

• developments and acceptance, favorable and unfavorable, about the use of cloud systems for the implementation of our products and services;

• other factors discussed under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Form 10-K.

We undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this Form 10-K.

As used in this Form 10-K, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “us,” “the Company,” “Skkynet” and “Cogent” refer to Skkynet Cloud Systems, Inc., a Nevada corporation, and its subsidiaries.

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PART I

ITEM 1: BUSINESS. 

Overview  

Skkynet is a Nevada corporation headquartered in Mississauga, Canada. Skkynet operates three different lines of business through its wholly-owned subsidiaries Cogent Real-Time Systems, Inc. (“Cogent”), Skkynet, Inc. (“Skkynet (USA)”), Skkynet Corp. (“Skkynet (Canada)”).  Skkynet was established to enhance Cogent’s existing business lines through the integration of cloud-based systems (“Cloud”), and to deliver a Software-as-a-Service (“SaaS”) product targeting the Industrial Internet of Things (“IoT”) market, now referred to by the terms “Industry 4.0” and “Industrial Internet Consortium”. We will also expand the areas of business activity to which our products and services are applied.

Boston Consulting Group issued reports on Industry 4.0 and how the future of productivity and growth in manufacturing industries will be impacted by the convergence of nine new technologies¹, and how it will transform the industrial workforce². Of the nine new technologies, several fit within the scope of Skkynet’s core technical expertise: the cloud, cybersecurity, the industrial internet of things, and horizontal and vertical system integration.  Specifically, Skkynet provides software and related systems and facilities to collect process and distribute real-time information over a network. This capability allows our customers to both locally and remotely manage, supervise and control industrial processes and financial information systems.   By using our software and web-based assets we provide our clients and their end-customers, the ability and tools to observe and interact with these processes in real-time.  We give our customers the power to analyze, change and control their local and remote systems to meet regulatory requirements and exceed target objectives.

We believe there is a steady movement of manufacturing facilities from developed countries to underdeveloped countries because of the economic advantages of lowering production costs; however, this relocation process should not be viewed in traditional frameworks alone.  In the United States there is a movement from high to low-cost states such as Alabama, and, for other reasons, European and Asian manufacturers are locating their own manufacturing facilities within the United States.  The tendency is to relocate physical plants while preserving the overall engineering skills, process analytics and related intellectual property and management systems at home.  This geographical distinction between production and engineering requires the ability to remotely monitor these systems during operations to control processes in real-time while preserving the safety, confidentiality and integrity of the manufacturer’s process and information.  Our products and Cloud-based services are designed to address these issues and concerns.

Although we are primarily involved thus far in the areas of industrial processing and financial services, the concepts and software underlying our existing products and services are applicable to a variety of areas including fleet tracking, energy usage monitoring and control including wind power, solar power and agriculture.  Our products are modular in design and are therefore well-suited for use in OEM and embedded products.  We have obtained existing clients in some of these areas, but to date we have not had the resources to pursue systematically the marketing and sale of our products and services to these industries.

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¹ https://www.bcgperspectives.com/content/articles/engineered_products_project_business_industry_40_future_productivity_growth_manufacturing_industries/

² https://www.bcgperspectives.com/content/articles/technology-business-transformation-engineered-products-infrastructure-man-machine-industry-4/

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Our acquisition of Cogent

In March 2012, we completed the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Cogent from Sakura Software Inc. and Benford Consultancy Inc. in exchange for a total of thirty million (30,000,000) restricted shares of our common stock, as a result of which Cogent became our wholly-owned subsidiary. As part of the exchange transaction, we also issued 5,000 Series A Preferred share to Sakura Software and Benford Consultancy.  Prior to the closing of the exchange transaction, we did not have any operating revenues. At the acquisition closing, Cogent’s business consisted primarily of providing connectivity and data acquisition to a wide variety of industrial and office hardware and software products, and then making that data available over a network using industry-standard protocols. Cogent currently markets its products and services primarily to manufacturers in industrial processes and financial services companies.  Cogent had $1,367,448 in annual revenues from its operations for its fiscal year ended October 31, 2019 and $1,502,483 in annual revenues for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020.

Our acquisition and subsequent sale of NiC

In November 2014, we completed the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Nic Corporation (“NiC”, subsequently renamed Skkynet Japan 株式会社, “Skkynet Japan”) in Osaka, Japan from Mr. Akira Iwata, Mrs. Takako Nishikawa, and Mr. Mitsuharu Sekiguchi in exchange for a total of one-hundred and ten thousand ($110,000.00) U.S. dollars and fifty thousand (50,000) restricted shares of our common stock, as a result of which NiC became our wholly-owned subsidiary.  At the acquisition closing, NiC’s business consisted primarily of providing custom hardware and software development services to a variety of embedded industrial and office hardware and software products.  In August 2017, NiC was formally renamed to Skkynet Japan to market and provide support for Skkynet’s products and services primarily to manufacturers in industrial processes and energy companies.

On August 1 2019, we completed the sale of Skkynet Japan back to the former owners in exchange for 22,500 shares of common stock and 272,500 options of the Company held by the former owners.  In addition, intellectual property, software documentation, and source code of the Company was returned to the Company with the balance of the assets and liabilities remaining in Skkynet Japan. As part of the agreement, the name of Skkynet Japan was changed to exclude Skkynet in its new name.

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Our business

We are an industrial middleware vendor that has specialized in providing connectivity and data acquisition to a wide variety of industrial and office hardware and software products, and making that data available over a network using industry-standard protocols.  We have introduced a number of innovations to our real-time data products including a high speed redundancy facility and a web-based user interface providing desk-top quality graphics.  We have patented and patent-pending technologies that address the data transmission problems of data rate, latency, redundancy, and security in Cloud based systems with a unique push-pull system that insulates both a plant and a remote user from opening their firewalls to the Internet, as well as networking bidirectional real-time data directly from within Microsoft Excel™.

Our system can operate as a simple add-on to existing Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (“SCADA”) or as the basis for new deployment.  SCADA is a system that collects information from various sensors installed at a factory or other remote locations.  All of the collected data is sent to a common or central computer for further processing and storage and is used to describe control processes in various industries such as water treatment, manufacturing processes, and environmental procedures.

Skkynet’s newly-released award-winning SkkyHub™ service is compatible with our existing DataHub® and Embedded Toolkit (ETK) software.  Current customers of our DataHub® software can easily configure it to immediately take advantage of our Cloud services.  Our DataHub® software includes applications for all of the following uses:

— real-time graphical web display of data, which includes collaborative screen development and full permissions-based access;

— connection to data from OPC (open process control),  DDE (dynamic data exchange) and Modbus servers to produce immersive real-time displays to analyze the current status of factory production, embedded systems or financial strategies;

— connection to data from MQTT clients to connect remote sensors and other Cloud-based services, such as ‘big data’ analytics and Artificial Intelligence applications, offered by Amazon, Microsoft and Google;

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— a feature that enables full data mirroring designed to overcome DCOM (distributed component object models) server issues to permit connection to the most recent data available if a server is temporarily unavailable;

— data logging which enables both reading and writing of data with any ODBC (open database connectivity) database such as most Windows and Linux databases;

— creation of a data bridging interface to permit association of data points in one system with corresponding data points in another control system;

— the ability to provide historical data, including unique store-and-forward capabilities;

— data redundancy features; and

— network system monitoring with the ability to query the operating system it is running on for system status and resource capacity such that this system wide monitoring of critical network resources can help identify problems.

These DataHub® features make our existing customer base a logical first marketing source for the adoption of our Cloud services.  Our SkkyHub™ service provides the following additional functionality and features over the DataHub®:

— scalable remote networking of industrial SCADA systems and embedded devices in real-time with built-in consolidation of data;

— lower cost of ownership by not requiring any programing, no software to buy, no additional PC or server hardware to buy;

— high-speed data throughput with the ability to collect, send, and receive up to 50,000 data changes per second at speeds just a few milliseconds over Internet latency;

— robust security model, where no inbound connection requests to the SCADA system or embedded device are required;

— full supports of industry standard SSL encryption protection, and no requirement for virtual private networks (VPNs) or additional security hardware;

— no changes to the hardware or software of an existing system. Our customers can decide what data to transmit, and how: one-way or bidirectional, where all configuration changes are in the customers’ control;

— view any connected process in a fully web-based interface, providing immersive graphics and real-time response that replicates or exceeds the performance of traditional human-machine-interfaces (HMIs);

— granular security permissions so that qualified users can configure security settings to provide read-only access to limited data sets for public use, while giving bi-directional access to insiders.  Authorized developers can access the complete online design interface;

— create and edit screens from any location, all within a standard web browser; no coding or development system is required, and our customers can drag-and-drop desktop-quality graphics to build HMI screens right inside a web browser as it populates and displays data in real-time on the same screen; changes can be deployed to all users instantly;

— DataHub® Embedded Toolkit (ETK) provides a direct link to SkkyHub™ from a wide range of devices and operating systems, a seamless, end-to-end solution for M2M and viewing customer data from their device on the Internet.

Our customers

Currently, our customers can be broadly categorized into two groups: industrial automation and financial trading. Industrial automation systems (including remote monitoring and tracking systems) account for approximately 80% of revenue, while financial trading, software support, custom development and legacy system support account for the remainder.

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Over a six year period, we, including the historical operations of Cogent, have provided our products and services to more than 2,000 customers in the following industries: Aerospace, Automation & Control, Chemicals, Communications, Education, Engineering, Energy & Utilities, Financial, Food& Beverage, Government & Municipal, Healthcare & Pharmaceutical, Instrumentation, Manufacturing, Natural Resources and System Integrators. We are well-diversified across these industries such that cyclical swings in any individual industries does not expose us significantly.

The Company sells to their end-user customers both directly and through resellers.  Five resellers accounted for 50% of sales in 2020 and four resellers accounted for 50% of sales in 2019.  The Company maintains all the information on their end user customers, and should a reseller discontinue operations, the Company can sell directly to the end user.  No reseller has exclusivity in their territory.  In 2020, no end user customers were responsible for more than 10% of our revenues and twenty-seven (27) end user customers were responsible for approximately 50% of gross revenue.  In 2019, no end user customer was responsible for more than 10% of revenue and twenty-seven (27) end user customers were responsible for approximately 50% of gross revenue.

Our financial customers are typically small to medium sized specialist trading firms or hedge funds targeting specific niches. We have customers working in risk management, futures trading, commodities trading, arbitrage, energy spot trading and other areas. Our software is used as a data transmission middleware allowing the customer’s analysts to apply proprietary algorithms to market data and then to distribute it to their clients at very high speed. Our customers in the financial sector are generally reluctant to share the details of their deployments due to competitive concerns, making sales by example more difficult.

Our products and services

Our business is organized such that we license our software under a variety of packaging and financial arrangements.   

Our software is designed to be modular, with a set of more than 20 different features.  We offer license packs (“Product Packs”) which represent common customer use-cases and individual add-on licenses (“Add-ons”).  The combination of Product Packs and Add-on licenses allows the customer to fully customize a solution based on their own project requirements.

In addition, we offer customers the ability to license our products for use as SaaS with a view to relicensing them to others with whom they do business.  We also offer our licenses with upgrades in the form of an on-going maintenance program and service program for which we charge additional fees depending upon the package of services requested.

We offer OEM customers the ability to re-brand our software to integrate it with their own product offering.  This re-branding can be “shallow” or “deep.” Shallow rebranding modifies the icons, images, name and contact information our software presents to the end user.  There is no attempt to hide the fact that the software was developed by us.  Deep rebranding attempts to remove all visible indications that our software is being used by the OEM customer.  This requires more work and ongoing maintenance, as well as formal agreements with regard to our intellectual property.

Industrial automation systems require expertise to configure properly.  Generally, the customer has in-house IT expertise regarding its particular process, but may have limited experience with our software or the details of communication integration.  We offer consulting services to assist customers in configuring their systems and our software to smoothly integrate into their processes.  We provide a limited amount of assistance at no charge as part of the sales cycle.  Where the customer requires more involved assistance, we offer consulting services at market rates.

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As part of our expansion into Cloud services, we provide three types of Cloud service: remotely hosted Cloud systems, locally hosted Cloud systems, or a hybrid of the two.  In the remotely located case, we maintain and manage the operating system infrastructure that allows users to access their industrial automation data via the Internet.  We subcontract the Cloud hardware infrastructure from large, established vendors.  In the locally hosted case, the customer is responsible for the hardware and data connectivity, and we will provide the software, and optionally the system administration for that software.  A customer who wants a remotely located Cloud system will still be required to run some software locally.  Our existing on-premises software acts as a bridge between the plant and the remote Cloud system, making a hybrid implementation possible.  If the Cloud system becomes unavailable due to communication outage or hardware failure, the customer’s plant will still continue to run in isolation from the remote Cloud system, simply reconnecting once the remote system becomes available again.  In effect, our Cloud offering acts as an extension of the local process to a wide-area network or to the Internet.  For reasons of speed, security and resiliency we do not anticipate that customers will accept a purely Cloud-based system for their immediate industrial automation data needs.  We believe that this may change in the future as technology and market expectations change, as they have done in other markets that have adopted purely Cloud-based services, such as, for example, Salesforce.com and customer relations management (CRM) software. 

Our on-premises software is available for download from our website, https://cogentdatahub.com. Our Cloud-based service is available for registration at https://skkynet.com. A customer can install and use the on-premises software in demonstration mode for a limited time, after which they can re-start the software to reset the time limit.  This allows a potential customer to configure and test the software in their system before purchase, both to ensure that it will meet their needs and to determine which product features they will want to purchase.  Similarly, the Cloud-based service is available to potential customers to sign up and use it for a paid trial to configure and test, as well as other service levels for full system implementations.

To ensure smooth implementation of our software in a customer’s environment we have organized approximately fifty (50) different technical partners and resellers in different geographic areas with whom we cooperate.  Some of them also sell related hardware and software products of their own, and assist us in the installation, monitoring, and maintenance of our products within their customer base.  These technical partners may be listed on our website.  We continuously seek to recruit new technical partners.  We have made recent progress on partnering with world-class hardware companies such as Siemens AG (world’s largest industrial automation vendor), AVEVA Group plc (formerly Schneider Electric Software, the world’s largest industrial software market channel) and Red Lion Controls, part of Spectris plc, (a major industrial hardware vendor, and subsidiary of Spectris plc, a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index).

Our service supports potential and existing customers

The nature of our market and our sales style demand timely and thorough customer support both before and after a sale is made. Because a potential customer can download and test our software, we provide service support even before the sale is made. This supplies the customer with a no-risk mechanism for ensuring that the software will work in their system, and gives us early feedback from the customer. If the customer has questions or concerns, they are answered immediately, making the subsequent sale and installation process simpler.

During the sales process, we work with customers via telephone or email to help them understand which product features are necessary for their projects. This starts with asking the customer to fill out a short questionnaire explaining their project needs when they ask for a cost quotation. If the customer is unsure about their software requirements, we assist by asking pertinent questions regarding the intended application and by providing clarification on the types of features they need.

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We offer customer support via telephone email, fax and Internet message board during office hours. Where appropriate, we offer live desktop-sharing sessions with customers via video conference. This dramatically reduces the time to resolution when the customer’s network and security policy allow it. We have distributors in different parts of the world who offer support in the customer’s time zone and language. We place a high priority on support of distributors, including joint phone calls and video conference sessions with their customers to arrive at quick and satisfactory resolutions.

We incentivize distributors and resellers to develop their technical support capabilities by offering a price discount structure on software sales based on the degree to which the distributor can handle technical support requests from customers. Our goal is to have our sales occur through a combination of our direct efforts and reliance upon our global network of distributors, where the distributor provides support to the customer, and we provide support to the distributor.

Our marketing

We have a variety of marketing activities. We maintain a website at https://skkynet.com focused on general company information, updates, and press releases regarding the general operations of the business, and as an information portal for the SkkyHub™ service. We also maintain a complete library information section of blog articles, whitepapers, and industry news on implementing real-time data access over the Cloud. In 2018, we launched a Japanese version of our website at https://skkynet.jp.

Our primary means of contacting customers is through direct telephone and email contact; appearances at tradeshows, publications in recognized industry magazines and periodicals, our websites coupled with Google advertising and marketed WebEx presentations, including joint promotions with key partners and resellers. We use Google ad-words and search engine optimization to draw the attention of customers in our market. Some of our website materials can be technical in nature, and may include live demonstrations, training videos and instruction manuals. We invite potential customers to download trial versions of our software prior to purchase.

We maintain distribution relationships with approximately 50 companies around the world. These companies perform their own marketing and promotion to varying degrees, using both original material and material that we provide. We continue to seek new qualified distribution partners, and in 2019 we partnered with Siemens Mobility to co-market a hardware/software combined solution that includes our DataHub software,³ and we also became a Certified Technology Partner to AVEVA where our DataHub software is made available directly from AVEVA’s website for download and evaluation.^4,5

In addition to the foregoing, we engage in the following activities as part of our marketing efforts. We have previously retained ARC Advisory Group and Gartner to promote our new version of the DataHub and the security model of our SkkyHub service. This is augmented by a product features within ARC email publications, and ARC Forum conferences in which direct client meetings are arranged. We send a monthly newsletter to an opt-in mailing list of more approximately 10,000 customers and contacts. We produce periodic press releases through a press release service. We maintain LinkedIn, Twitter, YouTube and blog accounts for outreach to our customers and to draw attention to aspects of our software and market.

We write and publish case studies of successful implementations of our software. These are sometimes produced in cooperation with distributors, and are occasionally published in industry trade magazines. We publish white papers on technical subjects and send them to prospects and distributors, as well as distribute them on our website and through trade magazine websites. These activities are focused on education rather than promotion.

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³ https://skkynet.com/siemens/

⁴ https://skkynet.com/aveva/

⁵ For example, https://www.aveva.com/en/products/datahub-tunneller-for-opc/

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Our revenue sources

Our revenue comes from the following sources:

· Software licensing for industrial automation systems

· Software licensing for OEM customers

· Software licensing for financial trading systems

· Software support program renewals

· Legacy installation support

· Custom integration and development

· Monthly revenue from financial clients of Skkynet’s Vine™

· SaaS revenue from industrial clients of SkkyHub™

More than 80% of our revenues are derived from software licensing for industrial automation systems, while financial trading, software support, custom development and legacy system support account for the remainder.

Our expenses

Our typical expenses are primarily incurred in the following areas: wages, benefits and contractors of which about half are for software development; office and general; sales, marketing, advertising and promotion.  In future years we expect the proportion of expenses in our operating budgets allocable to the categories of programming development and sales personnel to increase as well as the expenses associated with maintaining and improving our Cloud-based site for our customers.

Our business plans

We believe that we have substantial room for growth in three primary areas of our business.  The first is the expansion of our current lines of business providing real-time data middleware to the industrial automation and financial trading markets.  Second, is the deployment of our products and services through Cloud-based SaaS products.  Third, is the application of our products and services to new business lines such as embedded products or combination solutions (such as our recent partnering with Siemens); where “edge-processing” is required (e.g. remote monitoring and control of assets over third party networks).  We have had limited resources to apply to marketing and sales in these areas.  We believe that this revenue can be improved through dedicated marketing and sales effort.

We expect the second area of growth to be in the provision of Cloud services for real-time data.  This is a market that is still in its formative stages around the world, and our technology is well suited to its development.  We will expand and focus our software development on modifying our existing products to provide a smoother and more secure user experience for real-time data handling in the Cloud.  Real-time Cloud systems require two components – a local component running at the customer’s site, and a Cloud component running on a managed Cloud infrastructure system.  Our software development will focus on improving the security and reducing the friction for users to deploy the local component on their systems.  At the same time, we will improve the user experience and automation of the Cloud component to reduce the cost of management, deployment and scaling as the number of customers grows.  We rent Cloud server space from Cloud infrastructure providers such as Amazon Web Services, and/or run and maintain our own servers.  In the future, we may transition to our own servers as resources permit, and if there is an economic rationale to do so.

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We recognize that not all customers will be willing to entrust some of their data transmission to a third party, or to an Internet-based server.  In these cases, we offer to deploy our software on private servers managed by the customer or local Cloud infrastructure providers.  These “private Cloud” systems will require IT professionals to maintain them, and will further require the attention of experts knowledgeable in real-time data systems.  We offer our expertise on an ongoing basis to partially or completely manage private Cloud systems on behalf of our customers.  For this reason, we are currently working to partner with Cloud infrastructure providers in other countries where there is sensitivity over customer data remaining inside those countries.  In 2015, one such partner launched a new private Cloud service, iBRESS™, in Japan, and in December 2017, this partner launched a next-generation Cloud service localized to the Asian markets based on our SkkyHub™ service.

The third area of growth is also related to Cloud systems.  For the past 20 years, commercial activity on the Internet has been dominated by business-to-consumer or business-to-business applications.  The advent of extremely low-cost and low power consumption sensors will change that, making the Internet into a viable medium for machine-to-machine applications.  That is, sensors, machines, appliances and other devices will become directly-connected data transmitters, numbering in the billions.  This rise of machine-to-machine communication will require the kinds of real-time data distribution that will be at the center of our Cloud activity.  We believe that our Cloud services will be positioned to take advantage of the future development of this “Internet of Things.” Some examples of applications that need this kind of data access are home energy monitoring, commercial building energy management, agricultural monitoring, weather monitoring, remote seismic sensing, fleet tracking and asset maintenance.

Currently, we have a growing customer based in this area, but it is too soon to foresee to what extent, if at all, this aspect of our potential business will develop.  However, we garnered significant industry recognition for our technology and SkkyHub™ service by winning Nokia’s Open Innovation Challenge 2015 in Helsinki, Finland.  We have also garnered recognition in academia, as exemplified by the 2016 IEEE publication titled “Cloud Communication for Remote Access Smart Grid Testbeds” by Mehmet H. Cintuglu and Osama A. Mohammed of Florida International University, which concluded that “cloud communication can be successfully implemented for actual smart grid power systems test beds.”

These business areas are inter-related.  A customer of our Cloud services may also want to install our middleware software in their plant facility.  Any existing middleware customer is a potential customer for our Cloud services.  In effect, each of our commercial offerings will act as a possible source of sales for the others.  Our goals in increasing our sales of middleware software are both to improve short-term revenue and to create a market for our Cloud services.  Once established, our Cloud services will further create a market for our middleware products.

In order to pursue all of these business areas, we will require capital to hire the personnel needed to explore and develop a strategy to pursue potential customers in each area.

Our intellectual property

We have an exclusive license of all of our intellectual property and enhancements thereof, licensed to Cogent Real-Time Systems, Inc., our wholly owned subsidiary, from an affiliated corporation, Real Innovations International LLC, (“Real Innovations”) that is 100% indirectly owned by our CEO and COO. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.” In return for the assignment, Real Innovations required a one-time payment of $30,000 to Cogent. Cogent elected to forgo the payment allowing Real Innovations to offset future expenses against the payment. There is no ongoing royalty payment or other form of compensation from Real Innovations to Cogent under the Assignment Agreement. As a result of this license we have five U.S. patents and several patent applications pending for the real-time technologies employed in our software products. The first patent family is directed toward a system and method for providing real-time data to a web browser through use of a Rich Internet Application (“RIA”). Specifically, the graphical and networking features of RIA frameworks allow our software to provide low-latency, real-time data applications in a traditional web browser. The patent family includes U.S. Utility Patent Serial Nos. 8,661,092, 9,667,689 and 10,498,796, Japanese Patent Nos. JP6227249 and JP6314204, Korean Patent No. KR101730584, Australian Patent No. 2010306379, and Canadian Patent No. 2,813,076.

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The second patent family includes U.S. Patent Serial Nos. 9,100,424, 9,288,272 and 9,762,675 directed towards system and methods for secure real-time cloud services. The system and methods provide a communication framework between sensors, devices, and machinery and the users of that data from any remote location that is connected to the Internet without requiring open inbound firewall ports, while at the same time enabling high data rates, low latency and full bi-directionality.  The graphical and networking features of RIA frameworks in combination with the patented system and method provide low-latency, real-time data applications in a web browser securely over the Internet.  The patent family includes Japanese Patent No. JP6689838, pending European Patent Application No. EP15819206.2, and Canadian Patent Application No. 2,991,685.

A third patent family includes U.S. Patent Serial Nos. 10,462,406 and 10,558,744 for improved methods to network bidirectional real-time data directly from within Microsoft Excel.  Corresponding Canadian Patent Application No. 3,062,745 is pending.

A fourth patent family includes unpublished, pending U.S. patent applications to novel methods for tunnel historical data.  International applications will be filed within the required timelines.

Further patents are being sought as new technologies are being developed.

As part of our license we have the exclusive right to use several registered trademarks including “DATAHUB” and “SKKYNET” which are registered in the United States and Canada.  We have trade secrets and technical know-how that we protect through confidentiality and restrictive covenants with our employees and contractors.  Finally, under our license agreement, we have exclusive rights to all copyrighted software and written materials, which are stored as backups in several different physical locations, and in secure, encrypted format.

Our competition

We face competition from several vendors who offer products similar to ours in the industrial automation space.  Some of these competitors have resources and revenues larger than ours; however, our software is compatible with their products, making it common for a customer to install software from both us and our competition in the same system.  We are not aware of direct competition for our products in the financial services sector.  Two companies, Tibco Software, Inc. and Lightstreamer Srl, provide software that overlaps with some of the capabilities of our software; however, to our knowledge the Cogent DataHub® and Vine™ are the only products that provides real-time, bi-directional data links between Excel spreadsheets over the Internet or on a network.  There are also a number of large industrial automation vendors who offer SCADA systems to their clients.  Examples include Siemens, ABB, Emerson Process Management, Rockwell Automation, Honeywell Process Solutions, Schneider Electric, GE Invensys and PTC.  We view these companies and others performing similar services as potential competitors inasmuch as they have resources to link their SCADA functions to a Cloud based system; however, we are not currently aware that any vendor is doing so yet.  Since these companies already have an installed base of SCADA customers whose systems can be easily connected to our software, these companies also represent an opportunity for joint sales or OEM licensing.  A number of these companies are already our customers, and two are official partners (Siemens and AVEVA/Schneider).

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There do not currently appear to be Cloud system companies organized for the purpose of hosting real-time industrial data and connectivity.  One company, LogMeIn, Inc. (previously Pachube  and then Cosm Ltd.), is providing Cloud storage services branded under Xively™ for sensor data, but we do not regard them as competitive due to their focus on storage rather than real-time collection and distribution. Cloud infrastructure companies such as Amazon, Microsoft (Azure) and Google offer pre-configured applications or computing platforms for remotely hosting a customer’s IT activities. Their primary purpose is to provide the computing substrate for the customer’s applications. As such, these companies, as presently operated, act as suppliers of computing resources to us, not as competition.

Employees

Currently, other than our five officers, we have five full time employees and five consultants.

ITEM 1A:  RISK FACTORS

Not applicable

ITEM 1B:  UNSOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None

ITEM 2: PROPERTIES

The Company principal office is located at 2233 Argentia Road Suite 306 Mississauga, Ontario Canada L5N 2X7. The offices are leased from August 1, 2017 through July 31, 2022. The lease is for approximately 2,210 square feet of office space with a gross monthly rental cost including common area charges of $4,097.

ITEM 3: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. We are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

ITEM 4: MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

Not applicable

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PART II

ITEM 5: MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS

The Company’s common stock is currently traded on the OTC.BB market under the ticker symbol SKKY. The Company commenced trading on April 16, 2013, As of October 31, 2020; the Company had 51,576,122 shares of its common stock issued and outstanding, of which 15,840,500 were held by non-affiliates. The Company has authorized 70,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.001 and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.001, of which 5,000 shares are issued and outstanding and 193,661 shares of Series B Preferred issued and outstanding.

The high and low closing prices are noted below:

Period	High Bid		Low Bid
1st Qtr. 2020		0.63		0.30
2nd Qtr. 2020		0.60		0.40
3rd Qtr. 2020		0.69		0.46
4th Qtr. 2020		0.69		0.49
1 st Qtr. 2019		0.55		0.29
2 nd Qtr. 2019		0.36		0.12
3 rd. Qtr. 2019		0.30		0.23
4 th Qtr. 2019		1.11		0.25

As of October 31, 2020, the Company estimates there are approximately 126 “holders of record” of its common stock.

Dividends

We have not declared nor paid any cash dividend on our common stock, and we currently intend to retain future earnings, if any, to finance the expansion of our business, and we do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The decision whether to pay cash dividends on our common stock will be made by our board of directors, in their discretion, and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and other factors that our board of directors considers significant. 

Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities

On April 29, 2019, an officer and a director exercised 125,000 options for 125,000 common shares of the Company. The officer exercised 50,000 options at $0.10 per share and the director exercised 75,000 options at $0.001 per share for a total consideration of $5,075.

On October 2, 2019, a director exercised 110,600 options for 110,600 common shares of the Company at $0.001 per share for total consideration of $110.

ITEM 6: SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA. 

Not applicable.

ITEM 7:  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OR PLAN OF OPERATION

OVERVIEW

The Company was incorporated on August 31, 2011 in the State of Nevada. On March 26, 2012, the Company acquired Cogent Real-Time Systems, Inc.

Skkynet is an evolution of Cogent, an established financial and industrial middleware software vendor. Cogent’s specialization has focused on providing connectivity and data acquisition to a wide variety of industrial and office hardware and software products, and then making that data available over a network using industry-standard protocols. The architecture of Cogent’s software naturally suits it for use both as a data aggregation platform at the process level, and as a data server at the Cloud level. By marrying these two capabilities together, Skkynet can effectively and securely offer the Cloud as an extension to any local process.

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Cogent’s market has been primarily in industrial automation. With little advertising, Cogent has also acquired a number of financial trading companies as clients, due to the fact that Cogent’s software is both source and content agnostic. High-speed trading and high-speed industrial automation behave very similarly at the level of abstraction that Cogent’s software uses. Recently, Cogent has been working with Japanese companies to penetrate the lucrative embedded device manufacturing world. Japan is one of the largest producers of consumer and business electronics devices, more and more of which contain small embedded computers. Cogent has been working with partners in Japan to establish a name and presence in this world, with the aim of having Cogent’s software installed directly on the electronic devices, allowing the manufacturers to instantly make them network-accessible.

The Company believes that deploying its product in a Cloud environment will increase the potential applications for customers and broaden its usage and expansion into various markets including Cloud industrial middleware, Cloud financial services, home monitoring, fleet tracking, and energy usage monitoring. New applications that may not exist today but will through the new Cloud platform may also open new markets unknown to Skkynet today. However, management will carefully monitor the growth in new markets and manage each opportunity to maximize its return and minimize risks. This includes selecting specific markets with known trends to introduce its products and services and maintain a controlled release until the market has been understood and sales in the market have become significant to the Company. Only then will the Company risk new markets for its product. We must also include additional staffing at the senior management level with proven experiences and business records in the Company’s environment to implement these markets.

The expansion into new markets will require additional cash resources from sources other than those available to the Company today. Only after the Company has secured specific amounts of financing it believes is required for development of each market application enumerated above will Skkynet begin its marketing efforts.

The additional staffing will not begin until Skkynet has funded itself to finance both the staff increase and the required capital to carry out its marketing plan. If the Company is not successful in obtaining the required additional capital, it believes the present business operation will be able to sustain Skkynet’s additional costs as a public company at a minimal level.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table sets forth selected statement of operations data as a percentage of total revenues for the periods indicated:

	For Years Ended October 31,
	2019					2020
Revenue	$	1,367,448		100	%	$	1,506,929		100	%
Operating expenses:
General and administrative expense		1,924,384		(140.3	)%		1,896,705		(125.9	)%
Depreciation		480		(0.00	)%		2,455		(0.00	%
Income (loss) from operations		(557,416	)	(40.6	)%		(392,232	)	(26.0	)%
Other income (expense)		(17,436	)	(1.3	)%		64,896		4.3	%
Net income (loss) before taxes		(574,852	)	(42.0	)%		(327,337	)	(21.7	)%
Tax refund		30,482		2.3	%		16,004		1.02	%
Loss on discontinued operations		(31,484	)	(2.3	)%		--		--
Net income (loss)	$	(575,854	)	(41.9	)%	$	(311,333	)	(20.7	)%

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Revenue: For the year ended October 31, 2019, the Company had revenues of $1,367,448 compared to $1,506,929 of revenue for the year ended October 31, 2020. This reflects an increase of $139,481 from 2019 to 2020. Revenues increase can be attributed to the increase of sales in Cogent. During the year ended October 31, 2019, the Company’s deferred revenue was $111,732 compared to a deferred revenue balance of $168,728 as of October 31, 2020, an increase of $56,986. Deferred revenue consists of services billed but not yet provided to the customer and reflects revenues that will be recognized in the future.

General and Administrative Expenses: (G&A) Total general and administrative expenses decreased to $1,896,705 in the year ended October 31, 2020 from $1,924,384 for the same period in 2019. This was a decrease of $27,679 and as a percent of revenue G&A decreased from 140,3% in 2019 to 125.9% in 2020. The decrease as a percentage is attributed to lower costs in the Cogent subsidiary in 2020 offset by an increasing sales and marketing of the Company’s products. 

Depreciation and Amortization: The Company had depreciation of $480 in 2019 compared to $2,455 in 2020.

Other Income (Expense): Other income (expense) totaled $17,436 in expense during the year ended October 31, 2019 compared to $64,896 in income during the same period in 2020.

Income Tax: During the periods ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 the Company and subsidiary incurred no tax. The subsidiary filed tax returns as a foreign corporation. During the year ended October 31, 2019 the subsidiary received a tax refund of $30,482 and $16,004 for the same period in 2020.

Net Income (Loss): The Company recorded a net loss of $575,854 for the year ended October 31, 2019 compared to net loss of $311,333 for the same period in 2020, a decrease of $264,521. An increase of other income of which $59,674 was income from Canadian Covid-19 programs and a positive change of $10,682 in currency exchange  were  the key components of the decreased in net loss in 2020 over 2019.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The Company’s liquidity and capital has been dependent on the revenue generated internally by the Company’s subsidiaries, by loans from its officers and directors and by deferral of accrued salaries. There are no agreements or understandings with regard to future loans by or with the officers, directors, principals, affiliates or shareholders of the Company. In the past, officers and directors of the Company have lent or advanced monies to the Company to fund operations, but there are no formal agreements or arrangements for them to continue to do so.

The Company anticipates continually expanding its business through the planned expansion of the Company’s marketing of venues in expanded markets. The Company’s plans will be limited, however, by its ability to finance such a proposed expansion of its business. If the revenues generated are not sufficient to finance these proposed operations, then the Company will have to scale back its proposed operations. The Company’s ultimate success will be based upon whether or not there continues to be a demand for the services that the Company anticipates providing, which is also very dependent on the economy. There can be no assurance that there will be a demand for the Company’s services in the future or that the Company will become profitable in providing these services. As the Company’s expands its operations, the revenues received, in addition to paying current expenses may increase the Company’s capital requirements.

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The Company is attempting to secure additional capital from independent sources in the form of equity and debt. The success and ability to meet its capital needs is highly dependent on its success in generating additional revenue and profitability now and in the future.

Working Capital: At October 31, 2020, the Company had working capital of $466,261 with current assets of $1,035,241 and current liabilities of $568,980 or a current ratio of 1.82 to 1. The current assets consisted of cash of $816,798, account receivable of $194,263, and prepaid expense and other receivable of $24,810. The current liabilities of the Company at October 31, 2020 are composed primarily of accounts payable and accrued expenses of $156,668, accrued liabilities to related party of $222,603 and deferred revenue of $168,728.

Operating Activities: Net cash used in operating activities, during the year ended October 31, 2019 was $2,793 compared to cash provided of $101,550 for the same period in 2020. This represents a positive change of $104,343. The change in cash flow from operating activities is significant from 2019 to 2020 and due to higher loss in 2019 compared to the same period in 2020.

Financing Activities: Net cash provided by financing was $28,717 for the year ended October 31, 2020 compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $5,185 from the conversion of options to stock for the year ended October 31, 2019.

As of October 31, 2020, the Company had total assets of $1,088,289 and total liabilities of $618,913 compared to $865,846 and $285,532, respectively in the same period in 2019. Stockholders’ equity as of October 31, 2020 was $469,376 compared to stockholder’s equity of $580,314 at October 31, 2019. Liabilities increased in 2020 due to increases in  accrued liabilities and  accounts payable.

NEED FOR ADDITIONAL FINANCING 

The Company’s existing capital is sufficient to meet the Company’s cash needs if the Company continues to operate its ongoing business as presently conducted through revenues generated from operations of our subsidiary for the next twelve months. The Company may from time to time may seek additional equity or debt financing as it feels is required to continue the growth of the Company.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We currently have no off-balance sheet arrangements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries Cogent Real Time Systems, Inc (Canada), Skkynet Corp. (Canada), Skkynet Inc (US).  All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Revenue recognition 

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016–10 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing. The amendments in this Update do not change the core principle of the guidance in Topic 606. Rather, the amendments in this Update clarify the following two aspects of Topic 606: identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance, while retaining the related principles for those areas. Topic 606 includes implementation guidance on (a) contracts with customers to transfer goods and services in exchange for consideration and (b) determining whether an entity’s promise to grant a license provides a customer with either a right to use the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied at a point in time) or a right to access the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied over time). The amendments are intended to render more detailed implementation guidance with the expectation to reduce the degree of judgement necessary to comply with Topic 606.

19

ASC Topic 606 prescribes a new five-step model entities should follow in order to recognize revenue in accordance with the core principle. These five steps are:

1.	Identify the contract(s) with a customer.
2.	Identify the performance obligations in the contract.
3.	Determine the transaction price.
4.	Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.
5.	Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfied the performance obligations.

Effective November 1, 2018, the Company implemented the transition using the modified retrospective method of transition. Under this method the determination date of open contracts which could affect any adjustments was November 1, 2018. The open contracts at the time period are the unfulfilled portions of the maintenance contracts. Based on the cut off treatment of the recognition of revenue on the open contracts being determined at the end of the previous period and being no changes in the open obligation requirements, the Company has determined that there are no adjustments in the value of the revenue recognized from these contracts.

The Company has four revenue streams, each of which the revenue is recognized in accordance to the five steps included in Topic 606. The revenue streams are:

1.	Sale of software direct to the end customer
2.	Sale of software through distributors and channel partners
3.	Maintenance support services
4.	Cloud services

Revenue for the sale of software both directly to end users and through the distributor and channel partners is recognized upon delivery of the software and code required for the customer to install the software.

Maintenance support services are recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the service period of the arrangement. Revenue from cloud services is recognized over time (typically, on a monthly basis) as service is provided.  Payments received in advance of services being rendered are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized to revenue when earned.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance  with the fair value recognition provision of the Financial Accounting Standards Board(“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No 718. The Company issues restricted stock to employees and consultants for their services. Cost of these transactions are measured at fair value of the equity instrument issued at the date of grant. These shares are considered fully vested and the fair market value is recognized as the expense in the period granted.  The Company recognized consulting expense and a corresponding increase to the additional paid in capital related to the stock issued for services.  For agreements requiring future services the consulting expense is to be recognized ratably over the requisite service period.

The critical accounting policies and account pronouncements are an integral part of the footnotes of the audited financial statements and should be reviewed as part of our discussion of the financial results.

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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, which amended current lease accounting to require lessees to recognize (i) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis, and (ii) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. ASU 2016-02 does not significantly change lease accounting requirements applicable to lessors; however, certain changes were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model. This standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has adopted this ASU and determined there was no impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

ITEM 7A: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Not Applicable

ITEM 8: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS and SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

Financial statements are audited and included in this Form 10-K as an exhibit and are incorporated herein by this reference.

ITEM 9: CHANGE IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.

On June 23, 2020, Skkynet Cloud Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) dismissed MaloneBailey, LLP (“MaloneBailey”), as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm.

The reports of MaloneBailey on the Company’s financial statements as of and for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019 did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles.  

On June 23, 2020, the Company appointed Fruci & Associates II, PLLC (“Fruci & Associates”), as its independent registered public accounting firm.

ITEM 9A: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

For purposes of this section, the term disclosure controls and procedures means controls and other procedures of an issuer that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Act”) (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer's management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  It should be noted that the design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote.  As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures.  Based on this evaluation, our CEO and CFO has concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are not effective because of the identification of a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, which is identified below, which we view as an integral part of our disclosure controls and procedures.  

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Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Because of inherent limitations, a system of internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate due to change in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2020 using the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control—Integrated Framework- 2013. Based on its evaluation, our management concluded that there are material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. We lack full time personnel in accounting and financial staff to sufficiently monitor and process financial transactions in an efficient and timely manner.  Our history of losses has severely limited our budget to hire and train enough accounting and financial personnel needed to adequately provide this function.  Consequently, we lacked sufficient technical expertise, reporting standards and written policies and procedures along with a lack of a formal review process which includes multiple layers of review.  A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of control deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. 

This Form 10-K does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting because the attestation report requirement has been removed for “smaller reporting companies” under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

We have not made any changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the  fourth fiscal period of the year that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B: OTHER INFORMATION

None

22

PART III

ITEM 10: DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Identification of Directors and Executive Officers of the Company

The following table sets forth the names and ages of all directors and executive officers of the Company and all persons nominated or chosen to become a director, indicating all positions and offices with the Company held by each such person and the period during which they have served as a director:

The principal executive officers and directors of the Company are as follows:  

Name	Age	Director Since	Position
Mr. Andrew S. Thomas	57	November 2011	Chairman of the Board of Directors ,CEO & Director
Mr. Paul E. Thomas	46	March 2013	Director, President and Secretary
Mr. Paul Benford	54	March 2013	Director and COO
Mr. Lowell Holden	78		CFO and Treasurer
Mr. Xavier Mesrobian	57	October 2013	VP Sales & Marketing
Mr. Norman Evans	66	August 2013	Independent Director
Mr. Kenneth W. Jennings	72	August 2013	Independent Director
Mr. John X. Adiletta	72	September 2014	Independent Director

The Directors named above will serve until the next annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders. Thereafter, Directors will be elected for one-year terms at the annual stockholders’ meeting. There is no arrangement or understanding between the Directors and Officers of the Company and any other person pursuant to which any Director or Officer was or is to be selected as a Director or Officer of the Company.

There is no family relationship between or among any Officer and Director except that Andrew S. Thomas and Paul E. Thomas are brothers.

Although each of our employment agreements permit the employee to engage in other business activities, Mr. Andrew S. Thomas and Mr. Paul Benford, respectively, our CEO and COO, devote substantially all of their business activities time to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, Cogent, Skkynet (Canada), Skkynet (USA. Mr. Paul E. Thomas and Mr. Lowell Holden devote not less than 80% and 15%, respectively, of their overall business activities to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries Cogent, Skkynet (Canada) and Skkynet (USA).

Committees of the Board of Directors

The Company has an audit committee comprising Norman Evans (Chair), Kenneth Jennings and John X Adiletta, each of whom is an “independent” director as determined under the rules of the Exchange Act and NASDAQ and a compensation committee comprising Kenneth Jennings (Chair), John X Adiletta and Norman Evans. The Company currently does not have a nominating committee.

Business Experience: The following is a brief account of the business experience for the past five years of the directors and executive officers, indicating their principal occupations and employment during that period, and the names and principal businesses of the organizations in which such occupations and employment were carried out.

ANDREW S. THOMAS:   Mr. Andrew S. Thomas has been the Chief Executive Officer and the Chairman of the Board of Director of Skkynet since November 1, 2011. From May 1995 to the present, Mr. Thomas has been the founder, President and CEO of Cogent Real-Time Systems, Inc. our wholly-owned subsidiary. Prior thereto from 1992-1995 Mr. Thomas was an independent process control consultant and systems integrator and software developer of real time data communications systems. Mr. Thomas received a Master of Applied Science in Engineering from the University of Waterloo in 1991 and a B.A. in Applied Science from the University of Waterloo in 1987. Mr. Andrew Thomas’s qualifications to serve as a director of the Company consist of his experience in our products and services development and strategic planning, and his broad, fundamental understanding of the business drivers affecting the Company.

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PAUL E. THOMAS: Mr. Paul E. Thomas has been the President and Assistant Secretary of Skkynet since November 26, 2011 and became a member of the Board of Directors on March 26, 2013. Mr. Paul Thomas has also been Vice President of Intellectual Property for Cogent since January 1, 2012. Mr. Paul Thomas is the brother of our CEO and Board Chairman, Andrew S. Thomas. From September 2008 to the present Mr. Thomas has been the founder and principal of a group of affiliated companies, LifeCycle IP Management, Inc. and LifeCycle Capital Partners, Inc. that are engaged in various IP related businesses including valuations, due diligence, transactions analysis and structuring, strategic partnering and filing and processing IP applications to regulatory authorities. Prior thereto, from January to September 2008, Mr. Thomas was Assistant General Counsel at Iovate Health Sciences at which he managed the global IP portfolio of more than 100 patent families of products. Prior thereto, Mr. Thomas from 2007 to 2008 Mr. Thomas was IP and Corporate Development Counsel at Cipher Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., and during the period between 2000-2007 Mr. Thomas practiced intellectual property law as an associate lawyer at three different law firms in Toronto Canada. Mr. Thomas is a registered patent agent with the U.S Patent and Trademark Office and a registered patent and trademark agent with the Canadian Patent Office. Mr. Thomas received his J.D. from the University of British Columbia in 2000. He also received a Master of Applied Science in Chemical Engineering from the University of British Columbia in 1998 and a B.A in Applied Science, Chemical Engineering from Queen’s University, Kingston in 1995. Mr. Paul Thomas’s qualifications to serve as a director of the Company consist of his experience in fund raising activities for developing companies, public and private, and proper planning for intellectual property development and protection of our products and services.

PAUL BENFORD: Mr. Paul Benford has been the Chief Operating Officer of Skkynet since November 1, 2011 and became a member of our Board of Directors on March 26, 2013. From 1995 to the present Mr. Benford has been the Business Manager of Cogent. Prior thereto, from 1992 through 1995 Mr. Benford was an independent process control consultant and an application engineer. Mr. Benford received a Master of Applied Science in Mineral Process Engineering from the University of British Columbia in 1993, and a B.A. with honors from the Camborne School of Mines in Cornwall, United Kingdom in 1990. Mr. Paul Benford’s qualifications to serve as a director of the Company consist of his experience in the fields of strategies of customer development and forms of communication with a variety of corporate constituencies in the industries within which we operate.

LOWELL HOLDEN: Lowell Holden has been the CFO and Chief Accounting Officer of the Company since March 2012. Since 1983, Mr. Holden has owned and operating his own consulting firm, LS Enterprises, Inc., which provides business consulting, accounting and other services to businesses. Mr. Holden has a broad range of business experience including managing, securing financing, structuring of transactions, and is experienced and knowledgeable in managing relationships with customers, financing institutions and stockholders. He also serves as CFO and director of Nascent Biotech (NBIO), PTS, Inc (PTSH) and CFO and director of EMR Technology Solutions Inc. Mr. Holden also has a background in assisting companies in fulfilling their financial auditing and SEC reporting requirements. Mr. Lowell Holden has a Bachelor of Science degree from Iowa State University.

XAVIER MESROBIAN: Mr. Xavier Mesrobian has been the Vice President of Sales and marketing since October 1, 2013. He has direct experience with cutting edge venture-backed software start-ups and possesses extensive experience in technical sales. Since 2008, Mr. Mesrobian was an Account Development Executive at ADP Inc., Dealer Services Division. Prior to his work at ADP, from 2003 to 2007, he was Director of Product Management and Business Development at Decisiv, Inc., a leading provider of a Service Relationship Management (SRM) platform, and prior thereto he was the Director of Market Development at Novarra Inc., an internet mobility software company. Mr. Mesrobian received a BA from Carleton University in Economics.

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NORMAN EVANS: Mr. Norman Evans has been a director of the Company since August 2013 and has retired as the Chief Financial Officer of Cipher Pharmaceuticals Inc., a Canadian publicly-listed pharmaceutical company. Mr. Evans is also a Chartered Accountant with over 25 years of business experience. Prior to his work at Cipher, from 1996 to 2006, Mr. Evans was Vice-President of Finance at MDS Pharma Services, a pharmaceutical services company, and prior thereto was a Partner at Ernst & Young Inc. Mr. Evans received a B.Sc. from Concordia University and received his Canadian Chartered Accountant designation in 1980. Mr. Evans’ qualifications to serve as a director of Skkynet consist of his experience in conducting audits, corporate governance and financial reporting for public companies.

KENNETH JENNINGS: Mr. Kenneth Jennings has been a director if the Company since August 2013 and is also Vice President of Kinesis Identity Security System Inc., a software security company. Prior to his work at Kinesis, from 1991 to 2009, Mr. Jennings held senior roles including VP of Manufacturer Solutions & Consulting, VP of Marketing, and VP of Sales at ADP Dealer Services, a division of ADP Inc., the payroll outsourcing company. Mr. Jennings’ qualifications to serve as a Director of Skkynet consist of over 30 years of experience in business development, strategy and in leading business-to-business software sales and marketing teams.

JOHN X. ADILETTA: Mr. Adiletta has been a director of the Company since September 2014. Since 2015, Mr. Adiletta has been the President and Chief Executive Officer of EMR Technology Solutions, Inc., a U.S. based holding company that acquires medical technology related products and services. As managing partner of PCS Management Group since its founding in 1993, Mr. Adiletta has hands on experience in mergers and acquisitions as they pertain to medical and security products and services, telecommunications providers, data carriers, and related suppliers. He has also served on boards of directors for technology companies in various capacities including the audit, compensation, and corporate governance committee.

Conflict of Interest

Although each of our employment agreements permit the employee to engage in other business activities, Mr. Andrew S. Thomas and Mr. Paul Benford, respectively, our CEO and COO, devote substantially all of their business activities time to the business of the Company and its subsidiary, Cogent. Mr. Paul E. Thomas and Mr. Lowell Holden devote not less than 80% and 15%, respectively, of their overall business activities to the business of the Company and its subsidiary Cogent. There will be occasions when the time requirements of the Company’s business conflict with the demands of their other business and investment activities. Such conflicts may require that the Company attempt to employ additional personnel. There is no assurance that the services of such persons will be available or that they can be obtained upon terms favorable to the Company.

There is no procedure in place which would allow the Officers and Directors to resolve potential conflicts in an arms-length fashion. Accordingly, they will be required to use their discretion to resolve them in a manner which they consider appropriate.

Director or Officer Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

Our directors and executive officers were not involved in any legal proceedings as described in Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K in the past ten years.

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Board Independence

As currently constituted and applying the rules of NASDAQ, Norman Evans, Kenneth Jennings and John X Adiletta are the members of our Board of Directors that are independent.  We are committed to eventually establishing a board in which a majority of our members consist of independent directors, as defined under the NASDAQ rules.  Our ability to implement this goal will depend upon the growth of the Company and our ability to attract and compensate strategic persons willing to serve in that function.

Code of Ethics

We have adopted a Code of Ethics which covers the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, which is administered and monitored by the Board of Directors as a whole.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) require our directors, executive officers and persons who own more than 10% of our Class A common stock to file reports of their ownership and changes in ownership of our Class A common stock with the SEC. Based solely upon a review of copies of such forms filed on Forms 3, 4, and 5, and amendments thereto furnished to us, we determined that no director, executive officer or beneficial owner of more than 10% of our common stock failed to file a report on a timely basis during the year ended October 31, 2020, except for:

Name	Position	Filed Reports Timely
Andrew S. Thomas	Officer, Director	Yes
Paul E. Thomas	Officer, Director	Yes
Paul Benford	Officer, Director	Yes
Lowell Holden	Officer	Yes
Xavier Mesrobin	Officer	Yes
Norman Evans	Director	Yes
Kenneth Jennings	Director	Yes
John X Adiletta	Director	Yes
Michael Thomas	Advisor	Yes

ITEM 11: EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

During the year ended October 31, 2019, three officers of the Company elected to forgo their accrued compensation for the year ended October 31, 2019 in exchange for options. The $44,700 of accrued compensation was exchanged for 199,800 options granted with a fair value of $55,933 with the difference of $11,233 expensed as a loss on settlement of liabilities.

The following tables sets for the compensation for all officers and directors during the past two years:

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DIRECTORS and OFFICERS – COMPENSATION

								Long-term compensation
		Annual compensation						Awards				Payouts
Name and Principal Position	Year	Salary ($)		Bonus ($)		Other annual compen -sation ($)		Restricted stock award(s) ($)		Securities under- lying options/ SARs (#)		LTIP payouts ($)		All other compen- sation ($)		Total Compensation
Andrew S. Thomas, (1,4)	2020		126,457		45,046		-		--		-		-		--		171,503
Chief Executive Officer	2019		105,174		-		-		--		-		-		--		105,174
Paul Benford, (1\)	2020		126,457		31,532		-		--		-		-		-		157,989
Chief Operating Officer	2019		105,241		-		-		--		-		-		-		105,241
Lowell Holden, (2)	2020		48,000		10,000		-		--		-		-		-		58,000
Chief Financial Officer	2019		48,000		-		-		--		-		-		-		48,000
Paul E. Thomas, (3)	2020		126,457		31,532		-		--		-		-		-		157,989
President	2019		105,241		-		-		--		-		-		-		105,241
Xavier Mesrobin.	2020		100,422		31,157		17,539		--		--		--				149,318
Vice President Sales(6)	2019		78,997		10,860		--		--		--		29,652				119,509
Norman Evans,	2020		--		-		30,000		-		-		-		--		30,000
Director (5)	2019		--		-		30,000		-		-		-		--		30,000
Kenneth Jennings,	2020		--		--		30,000		--		--		--		--		30,000
Director(5)	2019		--		--		30,000		--		--		--		--		30,000
John X Adiletta,	2020		--		--		30,000		--		--		--		--		30,000
Director(5)	2019		--		--		30,000		--		--		--		--		30,000

________________

(1) Mr. Andrew S. Thomas and Mr. Benford each received cash salary paid by Cogent Real-Time Systems Inc. of $126,457 plus bonuses of $45,046 and $31,532, respectively.

(2) Mr. Holden through LS Enterprises, Inc., a company of which he is President, received $48,000 plus a bonus of $10,000 for serving as an officer

(3) Mr. Paul E. Thomas received cash payments of $126,457 for consulting services through LifeCycle IP Management Inc., which he owns, plus a bonus of $31,532.

(4) Ms. Shizuka Thomas, wife of Mr. Andrew S. Thomas, was paid $40,168 during fiscal year 2020 for services as a Japanese business manager and translator.

(5) Directors fees of $30,000 per year per director were paid in cash to three outside directors.

(6) Mr. Mesrobin was paid in cash $100,422 in salary and $17.539 in commissions plus a bonus of $31,157.

(7) Compensation is calculated in US dollars for reporting purposes causing a variance from year to year on persons paid in Canadian dollars.

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Employment Agreements

We and our subsidiary, Cogent, have employment agreements with all of our executive officers. The terms and conditions of each such agreement are described below.

Effective January 1, 2012, our subsidiary, Cogent, entered into an Employment Agreement (the “Agreement”) with our CEO, Andrew S. Thomas commencing January 1, 2012. Mr. Thomas will perform identical duties for our Company as well. The Agreement is for a three-year term commencing on January 1, 2012 and provides for automatic renewal of successive one-year terms unless notice is provided ninety (90) days prior to the expiration of the then current term. The agreement provides that Mr. Thomas is to receive an annual base salary of CDN$140,000, subject to annual increase at the discretion of our Board of Directors. In addition, Mr. Thomas is eligible for an annual cash bonus in an amount to be determined by and otherwise subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors. Under the Agreement, this determination is to be based upon the Board of Directors review of Mr. Thomas’s performance. While employed with the Company, the Agreement allows Mr. Thomas to engage in other limited business activities that are not competitive with and do not involve the Company, subject to the prior disclosure to the Company. The Employment Agreement permits Mr. Thomas to terminate his employment in the event of a change of control or certain enumerated material breaches thereof by the Company.

Effective January 1, 2012, our subsidiary, Cogent, entered into an Employment Agreement (the “Agreement”) with our COO, Paul Benford commencing January 1, 2012. Mr. Benford will perform identical duties for our Company as well. The Agreement is for a three-year term commencing on January 1, 2012 and provides for automatic renewal of successive one-year terms unless notice is provided ninety (90) days prior to the expiration of the then current term. The agreement provides that Mr. Benford is to receive an annual base salary of CDN $140,000, subject to annual increase at the discretion of our Board of Directors. In addition, Mr. Benford is eligible for an annual cash bonus in an amount to be determined by and otherwise subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors. Under the Agreement, this determination is to be based upon the Board of Directors review of Mr. Benford’s performance. While employed with the Company, the Agreement allows Mr. Benford to engage in other limited business activities that are not competitive with and do not involve the Company, subject to the prior disclosure to the Company. The Employment Agreement permits Mr. Benford to terminate his employment in the event of a change of control or certain enumerated material breaches thereof by the Company.

Effective January 1, 2012, our subsidiary, Cogent, entered into an Employment Agreement (the “Agreement”) with its Vice President of Intellectual Property, Paul E. Thomas commencing January 1, 2012. Mr. Paul Thomas will also serve as President for our Company as well. The Agreement is for a three-year term commencing on January 1, 2012 and provides for automatic renewal of successive one-year terms unless notice is provided ninety (90) days prior to the expiration of the then current term. The agreement provides that Mr. Paul Thomas is to receive an annual base salary of CDN $140,000, subject to annual increase at the discretion of our Board of Directors. In addition, Mr. Thomas is eligible for an annual cash bonus in an amount to be determined by and otherwise subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors. Under the Agreement, this determination is to be based upon the Board of Directors review of Mr. Paul Thomas’s performance. While employed with the Company, the Agreement allows Mr. Paul Thomas to engage in other limited business activities that are not competitive with and do not involve the Company, subject to the prior disclosure to the Company. The Employment Agreement permits Mr. Paul Thomas to terminate his employment in the event of a change of control or certain enumerated material breaches thereof by the Company.

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Effective April 16, 2012, the Company entered into an Employment Agreement (the “Agreement”) with our Chief Financial Officer, Lowell T. Holden commencing April 16, 2012. The Agreement is for an eight-month term commencing on April 16, 2012 and provides for automatic renewal of successive quarterly terms unless notice is provided ninety (90) days prior to the expiration of the then current term. The agreement provides that Mr. Holden is to receive an annual base salary of $48,000, subject to annual increase at the discretion of our Board of Directors. In addition, Mr. Holden is eligible for an annual cash bonus in an amount to be determined by and otherwise subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors. Under the Agreement, this determination is to be based upon the Board of Directors review of Mr. Holden’s performance. While employed with the Company, the Agreement allows Mr. Holden to engage in other limited business activities that are not competitive with and do not involve the Company, subject to the prior disclosure to the Company. The Employment Agreement permits Mr. Holden to terminate his employment in the event of a change of control or certain enumerated material breaches thereof by the Company.

Effective October 1, 2013, the Company entered into an Employment Agreement (the “Agreement”) with our Vice President, Sales & Marketing, Xavier Mesrobian commencing November 1, 2013 for an indefinite term. The agreement provides that Mr. Mesrobian is to receive an annual base salary of CDN$100,000, subject to annual increase at the discretion of our Board of Directors, and a commission calculated quarterly based on sales/revenue growth of the Company. In addition, Mr. Mesrobian is eligible for an annual cash bonus in an amount to be determined by and otherwise subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors. Under the Agreement, this determination is to be based upon the Board of Directors review of Mr. Mesrobian’s performance. The Employment Agreement permits Mr. Mesrobian to terminate his employment in the event of a change of control or certain enumerated material breaches thereof by the Company.

Directors each receive $2,500 per month in fees that had been accrued but not paid and are entitled to reimbursement for reasonable travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at meeting of the Board of Directors.

The Company has no material bonus or profit-sharing plans pursuant to which cash or non-cash compensation is or may be paid to the Company’s directors or executive officers.

The Company has no compensatory plan or arrangements, including payments to be received from the Company, with respect to any executive officer or director, where such plan or arrangement would result in any compensation or remuneration being paid resulting from the resignation, retirement or any other termination of such executive officer’s employment or from a change-in-control of the Company or a change in such executive officer’s responsibilities following a change-in-control and the amount, including all periodic payments or installments where the value of such compensation or remuneration exceeds $100,000 per executive officer.

During the last completed fiscal year, no funds were set aside or accrued by the Company to provide pension, retirement, or similar benefits for Directors or Executive Officers.

ITEM 12: SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The following table sets forth, , certain information concerning the beneficial ownership of our common stock, by (i) each person known by us to own beneficially five per cent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of each class, (ii) each of our directors and executive officers, and (iii) all of our executive officers and directors as a group.

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The number of shares beneficially owned by each 5% stockholder, director or executive officer is determined under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. Under those rules, beneficial ownership includes any shares as to which the individual or entity has sole or shared voting power or investment power and also any shares that the individual or entity has the right to acquire through the exercise of any stock option, warrant or other right, or the conversion of any security.  Unless otherwise indicated, each person or entity has sole voting and investment power (or shares such power with his or her spouse) with respect to the shares set forth in the following table. The inclusion in the table below of any shares deemed beneficially owned does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership of those shares.

Name and Address (1)	Shares of Common Stock Beneficially Owned			Percent of Common Stock		Exercisable Options
Andrew S. Thomas 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 306, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5N 2X7		21,702,000			42.08		646,300
Paul E. Thomas 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 306, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5N 2X7		5,000,000			9.70		490,471
Paul Benford 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 306, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5N 2X7		8,298,000			16.09		469,760
Lowell Holden (2) 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 306, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5N 2X7		203,989	(2)		0.40		60.275
Norman Evans  (1) 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 306, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5N 2X7		245,600			0.48		27,450
Kenneth Jennings   (1) 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 306, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5N 2X7		123,000			0.24		256,800
John X Adiletta(1) 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 306, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5N 2X7		185,533			0.36		23,550
Xavier Mesrobian 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 306, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5N 2X7		24,500			0.00		462,250
All directors and officers as a group		35,782,622			69.35		2,376,641

(1) Denotes officer or director.

(2) Mr. Holden holds 198,989 of his shares directly and 5,000 indirectly through a related party.

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Change in Control:

There are no arrangements known to the Company, including any pledge by any person of securities of the Company, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change of control of the Company.

Options

We have adopted a 2012 Stock Option Plan (the “2012 Plan”) under which we are authorized to issue up to a maximum of 10,000,000 incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options to our directors, officers, employees and consultants. The 2012 Plan has been approved by our stockholders. The 2012 Plan authorizes the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, to grant awards of incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options upon such terms and conditions as the Board may determine. The total number of options granted and outstanding as of October 31, 2020, is 7,917,650 options. Currently, the 2012 Plan is administered by the Board of Directors.

We currently have 7,917,650 options issued and outstanding under our 2012 Stock Option Plan which have been granted to four key employees, four officers, two consultants and three directors. Each of the foregoing individuals has been awarded options which will vest in equal annual installments over a five-year period with the first 20% vesting at the date of grant. All of the options are exercisable at a purchase price range of $0.01 to $0.56 per share.

The following table sets forth the option holder as of October 31, 2020:       

Recipient	Title	Number Options
Andrew Thomas	Officer and Director		806,300
Paul Benford	Officer and Director		512,400
Paul Thomas	Officer and Director		528,900
Lowell Holden	Officer		172,500
Xavier Mesrobian	Officer		1,349,500
Kenneth Jennings	Director		259,350
Norman Evans	Director		73,750
John X Adiletta	Director		63,750
Employees and consultant as a group	--		4,151,200
Total			7,917,650

Equity Compensation Plan Information

Plan Category	Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)
	(a)		(b)		(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders		10,000,000		--		2,082,350
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders		--		--		2,082,350
Total		10,000,000		--

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The Company utilizes the shares available under the Plan described above to issue shares of stock as compensation to employees, consultants and officers and directors.  At the end of each quarter, the Board of Directors of the Company determines the number of shares to be issued pursuant to the Plan. 

ITEM 13: CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.

Sakura Software, a corporation owned by our CEO and Chairman of the Board of Directors, Andrew S. Thomas, and Benford Consultancy, a corporation owned by our COO and a member of our Board of Directors, Paul Benford, own, respectively, 72.34% and 27.66% of the issued and outstanding shares of Real Innovations International LLC, (“Real Innovations”) a corporation organized under the laws of Nevis, West Indies. In March 2012, Cogent, our operating subsidiary, assigned all of its intellectual property including the pending patent applications for its real-time data transmission and display technology (the “IP”) to Real Innovations under an assignment of intellectual property agreement (the “Assignment Agreement”). In return for the assignment Real Innovations required a one-time payment of $30,000 to Cogent. Cogent elected to forgo the payment allowing Real Innovations to offset future expenses against the payment. There is no ongoing royalty payment or other form of compensation from Real Innovations to Cogent under the Assignment Agreement.

Real Innovations, in turn, entered into a master intellectual property license agreement (the “License Agreement”) with Cogent for all of the same IP. Under the License Agreement Real Innovations granted a royalty-free license in perpetuity to Cogent for the use and exploitation of the IP in return for which Cogent agreed to: (i) pay all operating expenses of Real Innovations incurred in connection with the continued prosecution of pending patent applications and others that may be prepared; (ii) prosecute all claims for infringement of the IP; (iii) defend and indemnify Real Innovations from and against all claims of infringement of the IP asserted by third parties against Real Innovations, Cogent or our Company; (iv) purchase liability insurance in favor of Real Innovations for this purpose. Under the termination provision of the licenses agreement, there is no unilateral right of termination. Termination may occur by mutual consent of the parities, the Company ceasing  doing business, by breach by the Company or by the Company failing to maintain the license and the support to prosecute and protect the license under applicable laws.

Under the License Agreement, Messrs. Andrew S. Thomas and Paul Benford will benefit indirectly from their indirect ownership of all of the shares of Real Innovations to the extent of any such payments or other undertakings by Cogent on behalf of Real Innovations, but the exact amount of these benefits cannot be determined at this time. As of October 31, 2020 the Company has not made payments per the agreement.

Mr. Andrew S. Thomas and Mr. Paul Benford were paid $171,503 and $157,989 as salary and bonus, respectively, for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020 for serving as the CEO and COO of Cogent. Ms. Shizuka Thomas, the wife of Mr. Andrew S. Thomas, received $40,168 as salary for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020 for services as a Japanese business manager and translator. 

Mr. Lowell Holden, the Chief Financial Officer of the Company, was paid $58,000 during the year ended October 31, 2020 in consulting fees and bonus by the Company

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Mr. Paul E. Thomas, the President of the Company was paid $126,457 for services for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020 and $31,532 in bonus.

On March 2, 2019, the Company issued 7,500 options to three independent directors. (See Note 5 -Options)

On April 29, 2019, an officer and a director exercised 125,000 options for 125,000 common shares of the Company, 50,000 options were exercised and $0.10 per share by the officer and 75,000 options were exercised at $0.001 per share by the director for a total consideration of $5,075.

On October 2, 2019, a director exercised 110,600 options for 110,600 common shares of the Company at $0.001 per share for total consideration of $110.

ITEM 14: PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICE.

Changes in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

On June 23, 2020, Skkynet Cloud Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) dismissed MaloneBailey, LLP (“MaloneBailey”), as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm.

The reports of MaloneBailey on the Company’s financial statements as of and for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2019 did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles.  

On June 23, 2020, the Company appointed Fruci & Associates II, PLLC (“Fruci & Associates”), as its independent registered public accounting firm.

The following table presents for each of the last two fiscal years the aggregate fees billed in connection with the audits of our financial statements and other professional services rendered by our independent registered public accounting firm Fruci &Associates II, PLLC and Malone Bailey, LLP Certified Public Accountants.

	Fruci & Associates II		MaloneBailey
	2020		2020		2019
Audit fees	$	17,400	$	35,900	$	42,500
Audit related fees		-		-
Tax fees		-		-
All other fees		-		-

Audit fees represent the professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements and the review of our financial statements included in quarterly reports, along with services normally provided by the accounting firm in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.  Audit-related fees represent professional services rendered for assurance and related services by the accounting firm that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements that are not reported under audit fees. Services provided by the audit firm are reviewed and approved by the audit committee prior to engagement of the audit firm.

Tax fees represent professional services rendered by the accounting firm for tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning.  All other fees represent fees billed for products and services provided by the accounting firm, other than the services reported for in the other categories.

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PART IV

ITEM 15: EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SECHEDULES.

(a) The following financial statements and schedules are filed as part of this report:

Consolidated Audited Financial Statements of Skkynet Cloud Systems Inc. for years ended October 31, 2020 and 2019.

(b)

Exhibit Number	Description
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

*    Exhibit filed herewith

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned; thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Las Vegas, State of Nevada, on February 9, 2021.

SKKYNET CLOUD SYSTEMS, INC.
By:	/s/ Andrew Thomas
	Andrew Thomas, Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on February 9, 2021.  

Signature	Title
/s/ Andrew Thomas	Chairman, Chief Executive Officer
Andrew Thomas	(Principal Executive Officer) and Director
/s/ Paul Thomas	Director, President
Paul Thomas
/s/ Paul Benford	Director and COO
Paul Benford
/s/ Lowell Holden	Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer),
Lowell Holden	Principal Accounting Officer, Treasurer
/s/ Norman Evans	Director
Norman Evans
/s/ Kenneth Jennings	Director
Kenneth Jennings
/s/ John X Adiletta	Director
John X Adiletta

35

SKKYNET CLOUD SYSTEMS, INC.

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms	F-2 & 3
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 31, 2020 and 2019	F-4
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Years Ended October 31, 2020 and 2019	F-5
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended October 31, 2020 and 2019	F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended October 31, 2020 and 2019	F-7
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements	F-8

F-1

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of

Skkynet Cloud Systems, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Skkynet Cloud Systems, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) as of October 31, 2019, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October 31, 2019, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ MaloneBailey, LLP

www.malonebailey.com

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2013.

Houston, Texas

February 13, 2020

F-2

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Skkynet Cloud Systems, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Skkynet Cloud Systems, Inc. (“the Company”) as of October 31, 2020, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October 31, 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

Fruci & Associates II, PLLC

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020.

Spokane, Washington

February 9, 2021

F-3

SKKYNET CLOUD SYSTEMS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	October 31,
	2020			2019
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	816,798		$	700,410
Accounts receivable		194,263			146,277
Receivable – related parties		6,264			--
Prepaid		17,916			10,690
Total current assets		1,035,241			857,377
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of, respectively net of depreciation of $82,919 and $81,653		12,165			8,469
Right of use lease asset		40,883			--
Total assets	$	1,088,289		$	865,846
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expense	$	156,668		$	96,979
Accrued liability - related parties		222,603			76,821
Deferred income		168,728			111,732
Current portion of operating lease liability		20,980			--
Total current liabilities		568,980			285,532
Long Term Liability
Loan payable		30,032			--
Operating lease liability- net of current portion		19,903			--
Total liabilities		618,913			285,532
Commitment and Contingencies		--			--
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock; $0.001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, 5,000 shares issued and outstanding		5			5
Series B Preferred convertible stock: $0.001 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, 193,661 issued and 193,661 outstanding, respectively		194			193,661
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 70,000,000 authorized, 51,576,122 issued and outstanding, respectively		51,577			51,577
Additional paid-in capital		6,595,380			6,192,476
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		56,430			65,472
Accumulated deficit		(6,234,210	)		(5,922,877	)
Total stockholders’ equity		469,376			580,314
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,088,289		$	865,846

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-4

SKKYNET CLOUD SYSTEMS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

	Years Ended October 31,
	2020			2019
Revenue	$	1,506,929		$	1,367,448
Operating expenses:
General and administrative expense		1,896,705			1,924,384
Depreciation		2,455			480
Loss from operations		(392,232	)		(557,416	)
Other income (expenses):
Other income		123			768
Canadian emergency business relief account		59,674			--
Loss on settlement of liabilities		--			(10,521	)
Other expense		--			(2,100	)
Currency exchange		5,099			(5,583	)
Total other income (expense)		64,896			(17,436	)
Loss before taxes		(327,337	)		(574,852	)
Income taxes		16,004			30,482
Loss from continuing operations		(311,333	)		(544,370	)
Loss on discontinued operations, net of tax
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations		--			27,383
Loss from discontinued operations		--			(58,867	)
		--			(31,484	)
Net loss		(311,333	)		(575,854	)
Preferred dividends		(11,620	)		(11,620	)
Net loss to common shareholders		(322,953	)		(587,474	)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(9,042	)		140,115
Comprehensive loss	$	(331,995	)	$	(447,359	)
Net loss per share to common shareholders, basic and diluted	$	(0.01	)	$	(0.01	)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic and diluted		51,576,122,			51,423,261

                      The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5

SKKYNET CLOUD SYSTEMS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

YEARS ENDED October 31, 2020 AND 2019

																						Accumulated			Total
											Series B Preferred					Additional						Other			Stockholders’
	Common Stock						Preferred Stock				Convertible Stock					Paid-In			Accumulated			Comprehensive			Equity
	Shares			Amount			Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount			Capital			Deficit			Loss			(Deficit)
Balance at October 31, 2018		51,363,022		$	51,364			5,000	$	5		193,661	$	193,661		$	5,832,725		$	(5,347,023	)	$	(74,643	)	$	656,089
Common stock issued for exercise of options		235,600			235							--		--			4,950			--			--			5,185
Common stock returned due to disposal of subsidiary		(22,500	)		(22	)		--		--		--		--			(6,727	)		--			--			(6,749	)
Stock options issued for settlement of accrued liability- related parties		-			--			--		--		--		--			55,933									55,933
Stock option expense		--			--			--		--		--		--			387,345			--			--			387,345
Return of options on disposal of subsidiary		--			--			--		--		--		--			(81,750	)		--			--			(81,750	)
Change due to currency translation		--			--			--		--		--		-			--						140,115			140,115
																	--
Net loss		--			--			--		--		--		--			--			(575,854	)		--			(575,854	)
Balance at October 31, 2019		51,576,122		$	51,577			5,000	$	5		193,661	$	193,661		$	6,192,476		$	(5,922,877	)	$	65,472		$	580,314
Reclassification of preferred shares		--			--							--		(193,467	)		193,467			--			--			--
Stock option expense		--			--			--		--		--		--			209,437			--			--			209,437
Change due to currency translation		--			--					--		--		--			--			--			(9,042	)		(9,042	)
Net loss		--			--			--				--		--			--			(311,333	)		--			(311,333	)
Balance at October 31, 2020		51,576,122		$	51,577			5,000	$	5		193,661	$	194		$	6,595,380		$	(6,234,210	)	$	56,430		$	469,376

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-6

SKKYNET CLOUD SYSTEMS, INC.

CONSOLDIATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

	Years Ended October 31,
	2020			2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(311,333	)	$	(575,854	)
Loss from discontinued operations		--			31,484
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense		2,455			480
Loss on settlement of accrued liabilities		--			11,233
Option based compensation		209,437			387,345
Non-cash lease expense		21,986			--
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(47,986	)		25,165
Operating lease liability		(21,986	)		--
Prepaid and other assets		(7,226	)		(4,969	)
Accounts payable and accrued expense		59,689			68,346
Accrued liability-related party		139,518			26,283
Deferred revenue		56,996			27,694
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		101,550			(2,793	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from loan		28,717			--
Proceeds from issuance of stock for exercise of options		--			5,185
Net cash provided by financing activities		28,717			5,185
Discontinued Operations
Net cash used in operating activities		--			(27,014	)
Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents		(13,879	)		54,205
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		116,388			29,583
Cash and cash equivalents– beginning of year		700,410			670,827
Cash and cash equivalents– end of year	$	816,798		$	700,410
SUPPLEMENT DISCLOSURES:
Interest paid	$	--		$	--
Income taxes paid	$	--		$	--
NON CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Settlement of accrued compensation through issuance of stock options	$	--		$	44,700
Fair value of shares and stock options returned from disposal of Skkynet Japan	$	--		$	88,499

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

F-7

SKKYNET CLOUD SYSTEMS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 – NATURE OF BUSINESS

Skkynet Cloud Systems, Inc. (“Skkynet”, the “Company”), a Nevada Corporation headquartered in Toronto, Canada was formed on August 31, 2011. Skkynet operates it business through its wholly-owned subsidiaries Cogent Real-Time Systems, Inc. (Cogent)(Canada), Skkynet Corp (Canada), and Skkynet, Inc. (USA). Skkynet was formed primarily for the purpose of taking the existing business lines of Cogent and its current and future customers and integrating these businesses with Cloud based systems. We also intend to expand the areas of business activity to which the kinds of products and services we provide are applied.

In March 2012, we completed the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Cogent from Sakura Software Inc. and Benford Consultancy Inc. in exchange for a total of thirty million (30,000,000) restricted shares of our common stock, as a result of which Cogent became our wholly-owned subsidiary. As part of the exchange transaction we also issued 5,000 Series A Preferred share to Sakura Software and Benford Consultancy. Prior to the closing of the exchange transaction, we did not have any operating revenues and we had nineteen million (19,000,000) shares outstanding and $8,720 of net assets. This transaction was accounted for as a reverse merger and recapitalization.  At the acquisition closing, Cogent’s business consisted primarily of providing connectivity and data acquisition to a wide variety of industrial and office hardware and software products, and then making that data available over a network using industry-standard protocols. Cogent currently markets its products and services primarily to manufacturers in industrial processes and financial services companies.

On August 1, 2019, the Company disposed  of its wholly owned subsidiary Skkynet Japan (See Note 13).

NOTE 2 – SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries Cogent Real Time Systems, Inc (Canada), Skkynet Corp. (Canada), Skkynet Inc (US) and the discontinued operations of Skynet Japan (formally NiC Corporation) (Japan) that was sold on August 1, 2019.  All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

F-8

Reclassification of Prior Year Presentation

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency in presentation with the current year presentation. The footnotes were added to present the sales by geographic area and line of business. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Revenue recognition 

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016–10 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing. The amendments in this Update do not change the core principle of the guidance in Topic 606. Rather, the amendments in this Update clarify the following two aspects of Topic 606: identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance, while retaining the related principles for those areas. Topic 606 includes implementation guidance on (a) contracts with customers to transfer goods and services in exchange for consideration and (b) determining whether an entity’s promise to grant a license provides a customer with either a right to use the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied at a point in time) or a right to access the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied over time). The amendments are intended to render more detailed implementation guidance with the expectation to reduce the degree of judgement necessary to comply with Topic 606.

ASC Topic 606 prescribes a new five-step model entities should follow in order to recognize revenue in accordance with the core principle. These five steps are:

1.	Identify the contract(s) with a customer.
2.	Identify the performance obligations in the contract.
3.	Determine the transaction price.
4.	Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.
5.	Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfied the performance obligations.

Effective November 1, 2018, the Company implemented the transition using the modified retrospective method of transition. Under this method, the determination date of open contracts which could affect any adjustments was November 1, 2018. The open contracts at the time period are the unfulfilled portions of the maintenance contracts. Based on the cut off treatment of the recognition of revenue on the open contracts being determined at the end of the previous period and being no changes in the open obligation requirements, the Company has determined that there are no adjustments in the value of the revenue recognized from these contracts.

The Company has four revenue streams, each of which the revenue is recognized in accordance to the five steps included in Topic 606. The revenue streams are:

1.	Sale of software direct to the end customer
2.	Sale of software through distributors and channel partners
3.	Maintenance support services
4.	Cloud services

Revenue for the sale of software both directly to end users and through the distributor and channel partners is recognized upon delivery of the software and code required for the customer to install the software.

Maintenance support services are recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the service period of the arrangement.

Revenue from cloud services is recognized over time (typically, on a monthly basis) as service is provided.  

Payments received in advance of services being rendered are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized to revenue when earned.

F-9

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable are carried at face value less any provisions for uncollectible accounts considered necessary. Accounts receivable include receivables from customers that have received software and support from the Company. Bad debt expense is a recognition of uncollectable receivables based on past years’ experience and management’s estimate of likely losses for the year. No allowance for bad debt was considered necessary for the years ended October 31, 2020 and October 31, 2019, respectively.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment are carried at the cost of acquisition and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Costs associated with repair and maintenance is expensed as incurred. Costs associated with improvements which extend the life, increase the capacity or improve the efficiency of our property and equipment are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life of the related asset. Gains and losses on dispositions of equipment are reflected in operations. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.

Foreign currency translation

The Company’s reporting currency is in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company’s foreign operations is their local currency. The financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries in Canada and Japan are translated to U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC 830-30, “Foreign Currency Translation”. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date while the income statement accounts are translated using the average exchange rate for the year. Gains and losses arising on translation or settlement of foreign currency denominated transactions or balances are included in the determination of income. The Company has not, to the date of these consolidated financial statements, entered into derivative instruments to offset the impact of foreign currency fluctuations.

Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the historical-cost carrying value of an asset may no longer be appropriate. The Company assesses recoverability of the asset by comparing the undiscounted future net cash flows expected to result from the asset to its carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds the undiscounted future net cash flows of the asset, an impairment loss is measured and recognized. An impairment loss is measured as the difference between the net book value and the fair value of the long-lived asset. Fair value is estimated based upon either discounted cash flow analysis or estimated salvage value.

Basic and diluted net loss per share

Basic and diluted net income per share calculations are calculated on the basis of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. They include the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents in years with net income. For the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020, 7,581,400 and 7,917.650 potentially issuable shares of common stock from stock options have been excluded from the calculation because their effect would be antidilutive to the Company’s net losses. Basic and diluted net income per share is the same due to net losses during both periods.

F-10

Income Taxes

Income taxes are provided in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), Topic 740 Accounting for Income Taxes. A deferred tax asset or liability is recorded for all temporary differences between financial and tax reporting and net operating loss carry forwards. Deferred tax expense (benefit) results from the net change during the year of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion of all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

Income taxes for subsidiaries Cogent Real-Time Systems are subject to the tax statutes in their country of domicile which is Canada.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance  with the fair value recognition provision of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No 718. The Company issues restricted stock to employees and consultants for their services. Cost of these transactions are measured at fair value of the equity instrument issued at the date of grant. These shares are considered fully vested and the fair market value is recognized as the expense in the period granted.  The Company recognized consulting expense and a corresponding increase to the additional paid in capital related to the stock issued for services.  For agreements requiring future services the consulting expense is to be recognized ratably over the requisite service period.

Related Parties

A party is considered to be related to the Company if the party directly or indirectly or through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. A party which can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or if it has an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests is also a related party.”

Discontinued operations

As discussed in Note 1, effective August 1, 2019, the Company disposed of its wholly-owned subsidiary Skkynet Japan which represented a strategic shift in the Company’s operations.  The assets and liabilities have been accounted for as discontinued operations in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets for all periods presented. The operating results related to these lines of business have been included in discontinued operations in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for all periods presented.

F-11

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)". The amendments in this ASU revise the accounting related to lessee accounting. Under the new guidance, lessees is required to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for all leases. The new lease guidance also simplifies the accounting for sale and leaseback transactions primarily because lessees must recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and are to be applied through a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the new accounting pronouncement on November 1, 2019.

NOTE 3 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment consisted of the following at October 31, 2019 and 2020:

	2019			2020
Property and equipment	$	90,122			95,084
Less: accumulation depreciation		(81,653	)		(82,919	)
Net property and equipment	$	8,469			12,165

Depreciation expense totaled $480 and $2,455 for the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively.

NOTE 4 – INCOME TAXES

The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification 740, Accounting for Income Taxes. During 2009, there was a change in control of the Company. 

Under section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code such a change in control negates much of the tax loss carry forward and deferred income tax. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of (a) temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax reporting purposes, and (b) net operating loss carry forwards. For federal income tax purposes, the Company uses the accrual basis of accounting, the same that is used for financial reporting purposes.

The Company’s deferred tax assets for the U.S. parent company and its US subsidiary consisted of the following as of October 31, 2019, and 2020:

	2019			2020
Income/(Loss) Before Income Taxes	$	(193,519	)	$	(109,561	)
Income Tax Recovery/Expense		(40,639	)		(23,008	)
Valuation Allowance		40,639			23,008
	$	-		$	-
Net Operating Losses	$	2,093,842		$	2,203,403
Tax Rate		21	%		21	%
Deferred Tax Assets		439,707			462,715
Valuation Allowance		(439,707	)		(462,715	)
Net Deferred Tax Assets	$	-		$	-

F-12

The US companies had a net loss of $193,519, and $109,561 for the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively. As of October 31, 2020, the US Companies had a net operating loss carry forward of $2,203,403 which can be used to offset future taxable income.  The carry forwards will begin to expire in 2040, or twenty years after the loss is first incurred, if not used prior to that date.

A reconciliation of income taxes at the federal statutory rate to amounts provided for the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 is as follows:

	2019			2020
U.S. federal statutory rate		21	%		21	%
Net operating loss		(21	)%		(21	)%
Effective tax rate		--	%		--	%

The US Companies due to their loss have not filed US Corporate tax returns and is subject to examination back to October 31, 2012.

The Company’s deferred tax assets for the Canadian subsidiary companies consisted of the following as of October 31, 2019, and 2020:

	2019			2020
Income/(Loss) Before Income Taxes	$	45,484		$	7,583
Income Tax Recovery/Expense		12,053			2,009
Valuation Allowance		(12,053	)		(2,009	)
Net Operating Losses	$	310,911		$	76,039
Tax Rate		26.5	%		26.5	%
Deferred Tax Assets		82,391			20,150
Valuation Allowance		(82,391	)		(20,150	)
Net Deferred Tax Assets	$	-		$

The Canadian Companies had net income of $45,484 and $ 7,583 for the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively. As of October 31, 2020, the Company had a net operating loss carry forward of $76,039 which can be used to offset future taxable income.  The carry forwards will begin to expire in 2038, or twenty years after the loss is first incurred, if not used prior to that date.

F-13

A reconciliation of income taxes at the federal statutory rate to amounts provided for the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 is as follows:

	2019			2020
Canadian federal statutory rate		26.5	%		26.5	%
Net operating loss		(26.5	)%		(26.5	)%
Effective tax rate		--	%		--	%

The Canadian Companies have filed corporate tax returns through October 31, 2019 and returns since 2014 are open to examination. 

During the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 Cogent received tax refunds of $30,482 and $16,004, respectively.  The refunds are received under a scientific research and development program.

NOTE 5 – EQUITY

On April 29, 2019, an officer and a director exercised 125,000 options for 125,000 common shares of the Company. The officer exercised 50,000 options at $0.10 per share and the director exercised 75,000 options at $0.001 per share for a total consideration of $5,075.

On August 1, 2019, the Company cancelled 22,500 shares of common stock returned to the Company in connection with the disposal of Skkynet Japan to its former owners. The fair value of the returned shares at date of closing was $6,749. (See Note 13)

On October 2, 2019, a director exercised 110,600 options for 110,600 common shares of the Company at $0.001 per share for total consideration of $110.

NOTE 6 – CONTRIBUTION TO CAPITAL

During the year ended October 31, 2019, the Company settled $44,700 of accrued compensation to three officers of the Company through issuance of 199,800 options with a fair value of $55,933.  The difference of $11,233 was expensed as a loss on settlement of liabilities.

NOTE 7 – OPTIONS

The Company, under its 2012 Stock Option Plan, issues options to various officers, directors, and consultants. The options vest in equal annual installments over a five year period with the first 20% vested when the options are granted. All of the options are exercisable at a purchase price based on the last trading price of the Company’s common stock.

On March 2, 2019, the Company modified the exercise price of 3,148,700 options to $0.21 per share. The modified options vest in five years and expire in 10 years. The fair value of the modified options was calculated using the Black Scholes option-pricing model with a 10 year expiration, stock measurement price of $0.20, volatility of 196.31% and discount rate of 3.00%. The total value calculated amounted to $628,638 resulting in incremental value of $38,162. The modified options were calculated and the difference between the calculation before modification was subtracted from the calculation of the modified options. The incremental value of the options is $38,162. The modified options have an unamortized expense of $796,286 prior to the modification, therefore the total value amortized over the vesting term of the modified options amounted to $834,448.

On March 2, 2019, the Company issued 130,000 options to four consultants and 7,500 options to three independent directors all with an exercise price of $0.21 per share. The options vest in five years and expire in 10 years. The fair value of the options amounting to $27,454 was calculated using the Black Scholes option-pricing model with a 10 year expiration, stock measurement price of $0.20, volatility of 196.31% and discount rate of 3.00%.

F-14

On April 30, 2019, the Company issued 199,800 options to three officers with exercise price of $0.001 for accrued compensation contributed to capital. The options have a fair value using the Black Sholes option-pricing model of $55,933 with computed volatility of 197.12% and a discount rate of 3.00%.The liability for which the options were issued was $44,700 with a loss recognized at settlement of $11,233. The options were vested upon issuance.

On April 29, 2019, 125,000 options were exercised into common stock, 50,000 at $0.10 per share and 75,000 at $0.001 per share for a total consideration of $5,075.

On August 1, 2019, the Company cancelled 272,500 options that were returned as part of the disposal of Skkynet Japan to its former owners. The balance of the unamortized amount for such options of $27,821 were expensed as a result of the cancellation.  As part of the accounting of the disposal, the Company used the Black Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the  fair value of the options returned to be $81,750 using a computed volatility of 210%, and discount rate of 2.0%.

On October 2, 2019 110,600 options were exercised into 110,600 shares of common stock for total consideration of $110.

On December 12, 2019, the Company issued 336,250 options: 120,000 to two officers, 11,250 to three independent directors and 205,000 to six employees and consultants. The options are exercisable into common stock of the Company at $0.59 per share.  The Company calculated a fair value of the options of $132,673 using the Black Scholes option pricing model with computed volatility of 207%, risk-free interest rate of 2%, expected dividend yield 0%, stock price at measurement date of $0.39 and the expected term of ten years. The options are expensed over a five-year period with 20% upon issuance and 20% for the first and each subsequent year. 

The Company has elected to amortize the options over the vesting period of the option as stock based compensation. During the year ended October 31, 2020, the Company expensed $209,437 for options. The unrecognized future balance to be expensed over the term of the options is $327,310.

The number of options exercisable as of year ended October 31, 2020 was 5,765,680.

The following sets forth the options granted and outstanding as of October 31, 2020

						Weighted
				Weighted		Average
				Average		Remaining		Granted
				Exercise		Contract		Options		Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Life		Exercisable		Value
Outstanding at Year Ended October 31, 2018		7,772,200			0.34		5.27		6,317,750	$	2,241,496
Granted		337,300			0.09		9.75		--		---
Exercised		(235,600	)		0.02		--		--		--
Forfeited		(292,500	)		0.26		---		--		--
Outstanding at Year Ended October 31, 2019		7,581,400			0.13		7.19		5,470,540	$	1,827,117
Granted		336,250			0.56		9.50		--		--
Exercised		--			--		--
Forfeited		--			--		--		--		--
Outstanding at Year Ended October 31, 2020		7,917,650			0.15		6.16		5,765,680	$	3,627,845

F-15

NOTE 8 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Sakura Software, a corporation owned by our CEO and Chairman of the Board of Directors, Andrew S. Thomas, and Benford Consultancy, a corporation owned by our COO and a member of our Board of Directors, Paul Benford, own, respectively, 72.34% and 27.66% of the issued and outstanding shares of Real Innovations International LLC, (“Real Innovations”) a corporation organized under the laws of Nevis, West Indies. In March 2012, Cogent, our operating subsidiary, assigned all of its intellectual property including the pending patent applications for its real-time data transmission and display technology (the “IP”) to Real Innovations under an assignment of intellectual property agreement (the “Assignment Agreement”). In return for the assignment Real Innovations required a one-time payment of $30,000 to Cogent. Cogent elected to forgo the payment allowing Real Innovations to offset future expenses against the payment. There is no ongoing royalty payment or other form of compensation from Real Innovations to Cogent under the Assignment Agreement.

Real Innovations, in turn, entered into a master intellectual property license agreement (the “License Agreement”) with Cogent for all of the same IP. Under the License Agreement Real Innovations granted a royalty-free license in perpetuity to Cogent for the use and exploitation of the IP in return for which Cogent agreed to: (i) pay all operating expenses of Real Innovations incurred in connection with the continued prosecution of pending patent applications and others that may be prepared; (ii) prosecute all claims for infringement of the IP; (iii) defend and indemnify Real Innovations from and against all claims of infringement of the IP asserted by third parties against Real Innovations, Cogent or our Company; (iv) purchase liability insurance in favor of Real Innovations for this purpose. Under the termination provision of the licenses agreement, there is no unilateral right of termination. Termination may occur by mutual consent of the parities, the Company ceasing  doing business, by breach by the Company or by the Company failing to maintain the license and the support to prosecute and protect the license under applicable laws.

Under the License Agreement, Messrs. Andrew S. Thomas and Paul Benford will benefit indirectly from their indirect ownership of all of the shares of Real Innovations to the extent of any such payments or other undertakings by Cogent on behalf of Real Innovations, but the exact amount of these benefits cannot be determined at this time. No payment have been made as of October 31, 2020.

During the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 the Company recognized but did not pay dividends of $11,620 and $11,620, respectively.

As of October 31, 2019, and 2020 the Company had the following outstanding accrued liabilities due to related parties:

As of October 31,	2019		2020
Accrued liabilities related parties		55,378		222,603
Accrued commissions		21,443		--
Total accrued liabilities	$	76,821	$	222,603

F-16

During the year ended October 31, 2019, the Company settled $44,700 of accrued compensation to three officers of the Company through issuance of 199,800 options with a fair value of $55,933 The difference of $11,233 was expensed as a loss on settlement of liabilities. The details of the settlement area as follows:

	Accrued compensation		Options Issued for accrued compensation
Andrew Thomas	$	20,860		93,200
Paul Benford	$	11,920		53,300
Paul Thomas	$	11,920		53,300
Total	$	44,700		199,800

On March 2, 2019, the Company issued 7,500 options to three independent directors. (See Note 7-Options)

On April 29, 2019, an officer and a director exercised 125,000 options for 125,000 common shares of the Company, 50,000 options were exercised at $0.10 per share by the officer and 75,000 options were exercised at $0.001 per share by the director for a total consideration of $5,075.

On October 2, 2019, a director exercised 110,600 options for 110,600 common shares of the Company at $0.001 per share for total consideration of $110.

NOTE 9 – MAJOR CUSTOMERS

The Company sells to their end-user customers both directly and through resellers. Five resellers accounted for 50% of sales in 2020 and four resellers accounted for 50% of sales in 2019. The Company maintains all the information on their end user customers, and should a reseller discontinue operations, the Company can sell directly to the end user. No reseller has exclusivity in their territory. In 2020, no end user customers were responsible for more than 10% of our revenues and twenty-seven (27) end user customers were responsible for approximately 50% of gross revenue. In 2019, no end user customer was responsible for more than 10% of revenue and twenty-seven (27) end user customers were responsible for approximately 50% of gross revenue.

NOTE 10 – REVENUE BY PRODUCT LINES AND GEOGRAPHIC AREAS

The Company revenue by product line during the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 was as follows:

	2019					2020
Category	Percent			Amount		Percent			Amount
Software sales		68	%	$	936,473		68	%	$	1,025,111
Support sales		29	%		390,176		31	%		459,994
Other sales		3	%		40,799		2	%		21,824
Total		100	%	$	1,367,448		100	%	$	1,506,929

F-17

The Company sells its products on a worldwide basis.  During the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 the Company’s revenue resulted in the following amounts geographically:

	2019					2020
Area	Percent			Amount		Percent			Amount
North America		39	%	$	518,931		37	%	$	563,277
Europe		42	%		579,007		35	%		529,321
Asia Pacific		9	%		128,732		13	%		197,955
South America		3	%		42,725		4	%		64,186
Other		7	%		98,053		10	%		152,187
Total		100	%	$	1,367,448		100	%	$	1,506,929

NOTE 11 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company leases office space located at 2233 Argentia Road Suite 306 Mississauga, Ontario Canada L5N 2X7. During May 2017, the Company signed a 5-year lease for the Company’s office being effective on August 1, 2017 through July 31, 2022. The lease is for approximately 2,210 square feet of office space with a gross monthly rental cost including common area charges of $4,097.

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)". The amendments in this ASU revise the accounting related to lessee accounting. The Company adapted the new accounting pronouncement as of November 19,2019. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification. The adoption of the policy did not have a cumulative impact on retained earnings.

The Company values were calculated using an 8%. Rate calculated over the remaining term of the lease.

The yearly rental obligations including the lease agreements are as follows:

Fiscal Year
2021		28,428
2022		21,321
Total lease payments		49,749
Less present value discount		(8,866	)
		40,883
Less operating lease short term		(20,980	)
Operating lease liability, long term	$	19,903

NOTE 12 - LOAN PAYABLE

On April 30, 2020, the Company’s subsidiary Cogent Systems issued a two year note for US$30,032 (CDN $40,000) under the Canadian Emergency Business Account (CEBA). The CEBA provides interest free loans to small businesses to help cover operating costs during a period when their revenues may have been reduced due to the impact of COVID-19. The loan is subject to zero interest and 25% of the amount will be forgiven if 75% of the loan amount is repaid on or before December 31, 2022. The Company has the option to extend the term of the loan for another 3 years subject to an annual interest of 5% on any balance remaining

F-18

NOTE 13- DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

Effective August 1, 2019, the Company disposed its wholly owned subsidiary Skkynet Japan by entering into a share purchase agreement with the former owners. Under terms of the agreement, 22,500 shares of common stock and 272,500 options of the Company held by the former owners were returned to the Company for 100% ownership of Skkynet Japan.  The shares and options returned were valued on the date of sale at $6,749 and $81,750, respectively.    In addition, the intellectual property, software documentation and source code of the Company was returned to the Company with the balance of the assets and liabilities remaining in Skkynet Japan. As part of the agreement, the name of Skkynet Japan was changed to exclude Skkynet in its new name. The Company forgave the indebtedness $41,732 owed to the Company by its subsidiary Skkynet Japan. The Company recognized a gain on the disposal of Skkynet Japan of $27,383.  The following tables present the breakdown of the assets and liabilities and results of operations related to the discontinued operations:

Operating Results of Discontinued Operations
For the Years Ended October 31,
	2019			2020
Revenue included in discontinued operations	$	106,661			--
Operating costs and expenses included in discontinued operations
Cost of goods sold		16,227			--
General and administrative expenses		149,301			--
Net loss from Discontinued operations		(58,867	)		--
Net loss per share of discontinued operations basic & diluted	$	(0.00	)		---

NOTE 14- SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company has evaluated subsequent events to determine events occurring after October 31, 2020 through February 9, 2021 that would have a material impact on the Company’s financial results or require disclosure and have determined none exist.

F-19

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14 AND 15d-14 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

CERTIFICATION

I, Andrew S. Thomas, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Skkynet Cloud Systems Inc.
2.	Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report.
4.	The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 (e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared.
(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and
(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

February 9, 2021	By:	/s/ Andrew S. Thomas
		Andrew S. Thomas Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14 AND 15d-14 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

I, Lowell Holden, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Skkynet Cloud Systems Inc.
2.	Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report.
4.	The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 (e) and 15d-15(e) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared.
(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and
(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

February 9, 2021	By:	/s/ Lowell Holden
		Lowell Holden Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION of CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Skkynet Cloud Systems Inc. on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2020 (the “Form 10-K”) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Andrew S. Thomas, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, does hereby certify, pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. §1350), that to his knowledge:

1.	The Form 10-K fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.	The information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of Skkynet Cloud Systems Inc.

Dated: February 9, 2021	By:	/s/ Andrew S. Thomas
		Andrew S. Thomas Chief Executive Officer

This certification accompanies the Form 10-K pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION of CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Skkynet Cloud Systems Inc. on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2020 (the “Form 10-K”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission , Lowell Holden, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, does hereby certify, pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.	The Form 10-K fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.	The information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of Skkynet Cloud Systems Inc.

Dated: February 9, 2021	By:	/s/ Lowell Holden
		Lowell Holden Chief Financial Officer

This certification accompanies the Form 10-K pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

XML

Cover - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Feb. 08, 2021	Apr. 29, 2020
Cover [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	SKKYNET CLOUD SYSTEMS, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001546853
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--10-31
Entity Well Known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Document Period End Date	Oct. 31, 2020
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Entity Common Stock Shares Outstanding		51,576,122
Entity Public Float			$ 4,428,480
Document Annual Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 816,798	$ 700,410
Accounts receivable	194,263	146,277
Receivable - related parties	6,264	0
Prepaid	17,916	10,690
Total current assets	1,035,241	857,377
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of, respectively net of depreciation of $82,919 and $81,653	12,165	8,469
Right of use lease asset	40,883	0
Total assets	1,088,289	865,846
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expense	156,668	96,979
Accrued liability - related parties	222,603	76,821
Deferred income	168,728	111,732
Current portion of operating lease liability	20,980	0
Total current liabilities	568,980	285,532
Long Term Liability
Loan payable	30,032	0
Operating lease liability- net of current portion	19,903	0
Total liabilities	618,913	285,532
Commitment and Contingencies	0	0
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock value	5	5
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 70,000,000 authorized, 51,576,122 issued and outstanding, respectively	51,577	51,577
Additional paid-in capital	6,595,380	6,192,476
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	56,430	65,472
Accumulated deficit	(6,234,210)	(5,922,877)
Total stockholders' equity	469,376	580,314
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	1,088,289	865,846
Series B convertible preferred stock [Member]
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock value	$ 194	$ 193,661

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation	$ 82,919	$ 81,653
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, Par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, Authorized	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, Issued	5,000	5,000
Preferred stock, Outstanding	5,000	5,000
Common stock, Par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, Authorized	70,000,000	70,000,000
Common stock, Issued	51,576,122	51,576,122
Common stock, Outstanding	51,576,122	51,576,122
Series B convertible preferred stock [Member]
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, Par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, Authorized	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, Issued	193,661	193,661
Preferred stock, Outstanding	193,661	193,661

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Revenue	$ 1,506,929	$ 1,367,448
Operating expenses:
General and administrative expense	1,896,705	1,924,384
Depreciation	2,455	480
Loss from operations	(392,232)	(557,416)
Other income (expenses):
Other income	123	768
Canadian emergency business relief account	59,674	0
Loss on settlement of liabilities	0	(10,521)
Other expense	0	(2,100)
Currency exchange	5,099	(5,583)
Total other income (expense)	64,896	(17,436)
Loss before taxes	(327,337)	(574,852)
Income taxes	16,004	30,482
Loss from continuing operations	(311,333)	(544,370)
Loss on discontinued operations, net of tax
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations	0	27,383
Loss from discontinued operations	0	(58,867)
Loss on discontinued operations, net of tax	0	(31,484)
Net loss	(311,333)	(575,854)
Preferred dividends	(11,620)	(11,620)
Net loss to common shareholders	(322,953)	(587,474)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(9,042)	140,115
Comprehensive loss	$ (331,995)	$ (447,359)
Net loss per share to common shareholders, basic and diluted	$ (0.01)	$ (0.00)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic and diluted	51,576,122	51,423,261

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY - USD ($)	Total	Series B Preferred convertible stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member]	Preferred Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Income)
Balance, shares at Oct. 31, 2018		193,661	51,363,022	5,000
Balance, amount at Oct. 31, 2018	$ 656,089	$ 193,661	$ 51,364	$ 5	$ 5,832,725	$ (5,347,023)	$ (74,643)
Common stock issued for exercise of options, shares			235,600
Common stock issued for exercise of options, amount	5,185	$ 0	$ 235		4,950	0	0
Common stock returned due to disposal of subsidiary, shares			(22,500)
Common stock returned due to disposal of subsidiary, amount	(6,749)	$ 0	$ (22)	$ 0	(6,727)	0	0
Stock options issued for settlement of accrued liability- related parties	55,933	0	0	0	55,933
Stock option expense	387,345	0	0	0	387,345	0	0
Return of options on disposal of subsidiary	(81,750)	0	0	0	(81,750)	0	0
Change due to currency translation	140,115	0	0	0	0		140,115
Net loss	(575,854)	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	0	(575,854)	0
Balance, shares at Oct. 31, 2019		193,661	51,576,122	5,000
Balance, amount at Oct. 31, 2019	580,314	$ 193,661	$ 51,577	$ 5	6,192,476	(5,922,877)	65,472
Stock option expense	209,437	0	0	0	209,437	0	0
Change due to currency translation	(9,042)	0	0	$ 0	0	0	(9,042)
Net loss	(311,333)	0	0		0	(311,333)	0
Reclassification of preferred shares	0	$ (193,467)	$ 0		193,467	0	0
Balance, shares at Oct. 31, 2020		193,661	51,576,122	5,000
Balance, amount at Oct. 31, 2020	$ 469,376	$ 194	$ 51,577	$ 5	$ 6,595,380	$ (6,234,210)	$ 56,430

XML

CONSOLDIATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (311,333)	$ (575,854)
Loss from discontinued operations	0	31,484
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense	2,455	480
Loss on settlement of accrued liabilities	0	11,233
Option based compensation	209,437	387,345
Non-cash lease expense	21,986	0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(47,986)	25,165
Operating lease liability	(21,986)	0
Prepaid and other assets	(7,226)	(4,969)
Accounts payable and accrued expense	59,689	68,346
Accrued liability-related party	139,518	26,283
Deferred revenue	56,996	27,694
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	101,550	(2,793)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from loan	28,717	0
Proceeds from issuance of stock for exercise of options	0	5,185
Net cash provided by financing activities	28,717	5,185
Discontinued Operations
Net cash used in operating activities	0	(27,014)
Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents	(13,879)	54,205
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	116,388	29,583
Cash and cash equivalents- beginning of year	700,410	670,827
Cash and cash equivalents- end of year	816,798	700,410
SUPPLEMENT DISCLOSURES:
Interest paid	0	0
Income taxes paid	$ 0	0
NON CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Settlement of accrued compensation through issuance of stock optionss		44,700
Fair value of shares and stock options returned from disposal of Skkynet Japan		$ 88,499

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NATURE OF BUSINESS

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

NATURE OF BUSINESS

NOTE 1 - NATURE OF BUSINESS

Skkynet Cloud Systems, Inc. (“Skkynet”, the “Company”), a Nevada Corporation headquartered in Toronto, Canada was formed on August 31, 2011. Skkynet operates it business through its wholly-owned subsidiaries Cogent Real-Time Systems, Inc. (Cogent)(Canada), Skkynet Corp (Canada), and Skkynet, Inc. (USA). Skkynet was formed primarily for the purpose of taking the existing business lines of Cogent and its current and future customers and integrating these businesses with Cloud based systems. We also intend to expand the areas of business activity to which the kinds of products and services we provide are applied.

In March 2012, we completed the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Cogent from Sakura Software Inc. and Benford Consultancy Inc. in exchange for a total of thirty million (30,000,000) restricted shares of our common stock, as a result of which Cogent became our wholly-owned subsidiary. As part of the exchange transaction we also issued 5,000 Series A Preferred share to Sakura Software and Benford Consultancy. Prior to the closing of the exchange transaction, we did not have any operating revenues and we had nineteen million (19,000,000) shares outstanding and $8,720 of net assets. This transaction was accounted for as a reverse merger and recapitalization.  At the acquisition closing, Cogent’s business consisted primarily of providing connectivity and data acquisition to a wide variety of industrial and office hardware and software products, and then making that data available over a network using industry-standard protocols. Cogent currently markets its products and services primarily to manufacturers in industrial processes and financial services companies.

On August 1, 2019, the Company disposed  of its wholly owned subsidiary Skkynet Japan (See Note 13).

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SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 2 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries Cogent Real Time Systems, Inc (Canada), Skkynet Corp. (Canada), Skkynet Inc (US) and the discontinued operations of Skynet Japan (formally NiC Corporation) (Japan) that was sold on August 1, 2019.  All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Reclassification of Prior Year Presentation

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency in presentation with the current year presentation. The footnotes were added to present the sales by geographic area and line of business. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Revenue recognition 

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016–10 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing. The amendments in this Update do not change the core principle of the guidance in Topic 606. Rather, the amendments in this Update clarify the following two aspects of Topic 606: identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance, while retaining the related principles for those areas. Topic 606 includes implementation guidance on (a) contracts with customers to transfer goods and services in exchange for consideration and (b) determining whether an entity’s promise to grant a license provides a customer with either a right to use the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied at a point in time) or a right to access the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied over time). The amendments are intended to render more detailed implementation guidance with the expectation to reduce the degree of judgement necessary to comply with Topic 606.

ASC Topic 606 prescribes a new five-step model entities should follow in order to recognize revenue in accordance with the core principle. These five steps are:

1.	Identify the contract(s) with a customer.
2.	Identify the performance obligations in the contract.
3.	Determine the transaction price.
4.	Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.
5.	Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfied the performance obligations.

Effective November 1, 2018, the Company implemented the transition using the modified retrospective method of transition. Under this method, the determination date of open contracts which could affect any adjustments was November 1, 2018. The open contracts at the time period are the unfulfilled portions of the maintenance contracts. Based on the cut off treatment of the recognition of revenue on the open contracts being determined at the end of the previous period and being no changes in the open obligation requirements, the Company has determined that there are no adjustments in the value of the revenue recognized from these contracts.

The Company has four revenue streams, each of which the revenue is recognized in accordance to the five steps included in Topic 606. The revenue streams are:

1.	Sale of software direct to the end customer
2.	Sale of software through distributors and channel partners
3.	Maintenance support services
4.	Cloud services

Revenue for the sale of software both directly to end users and through the distributor and channel partners is recognized upon delivery of the software and code required for the customer to install the software.

Maintenance support services are recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the service period of the arrangement.

Revenue from cloud services is recognized over time (typically, on a monthly basis) as service is provided.  

Payments received in advance of services being rendered are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized to revenue when earned.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable are carried at face value less any provisions for uncollectible accounts considered necessary. Accounts receivable include receivables from customers that have received software and support from the Company. Bad debt expense is a recognition of uncollectable receivables based on past years’ experience and management’s estimate of likely losses for the year. No allowance for bad debt was considered necessary for the years ended October 31, 2020 and October 31, 2019, respectively.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment are carried at the cost of acquisition and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Costs associated with repair and maintenance is expensed as incurred. Costs associated with improvements which extend the life, increase the capacity or improve the efficiency of our property and equipment are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life of the related asset. Gains and losses on dispositions of equipment are reflected in operations. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.

Foreign currency translation

The Company’s reporting currency is in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company’s foreign operations is their local currency. The financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries in Canada and Japan are translated to U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC 830-30, “Foreign Currency Translation”. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date while the income statement accounts are translated using the average exchange rate for the year. Gains and losses arising on translation or settlement of foreign currency denominated transactions or balances are included in the determination of income. The Company has not, to the date of these consolidated financial statements, entered into derivative instruments to offset the impact of foreign currency fluctuations.

Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the historical-cost carrying value of an asset may no longer be appropriate. The Company assesses recoverability of the asset by comparing the undiscounted future net cash flows expected to result from the asset to its carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds the undiscounted future net cash flows of the asset, an impairment loss is measured and recognized. An impairment loss is measured as the difference between the net book value and the fair value of the long-lived asset. Fair value is estimated based upon either discounted cash flow analysis or estimated salvage value.

Basic and diluted net loss per share

Basic and diluted net income per share calculations are calculated on the basis of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. They include the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents in years with net income. For the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020, 7,581,400 and 7,917.650 potentially issuable shares of common stock from stock options have been excluded from the calculation because their effect would be antidilutive to the Company’s net losses. Basic and diluted net income per share is the same due to net losses during both periods.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are provided in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), Topic 740 Accounting for Income Taxes. A deferred tax asset or liability is recorded for all temporary differences between financial and tax reporting and net operating loss carry forwards. Deferred tax expense (benefit) results from the net change during the year of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion of all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

Income taxes for subsidiaries Cogent Real-Time Systems are subject to the tax statutes in their country of domicile which is Canada.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance  with the fair value recognition provision of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No 718. The Company issues restricted stock to employees and consultants for their services. Cost of these transactions are measured at fair value of the equity instrument issued at the date of grant. These shares are considered fully vested and the fair market value is recognized as the expense in the period granted.  The Company recognized consulting expense and a corresponding increase to the additional paid in capital related to the stock issued for services.  For agreements requiring future services the consulting expense is to be recognized ratably over the requisite service period.

Related Parties

A party is considered to be related to the Company if the party directly or indirectly or through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. A party which can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or if it has an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests is also a related party.”

Discontinued operations

As discussed in Note 1, effective August 1, 2019, the Company disposed of its wholly-owned subsidiary Skkynet Japan which represented a strategic shift in the Company’s operations.  The assets and liabilities have been accounted for as discontinued operations in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets for all periods presented. The operating results related to these lines of business have been included in discontinued operations in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for all periods presented.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)". The amendments in this ASU revise the accounting related to lessee accounting. Under the new guidance, lessees is required to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for all leases. The new lease guidance also simplifies the accounting for sale and leaseback transactions primarily because lessees must recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and are to be applied through a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the new accounting pronouncement on November 1, 2019.

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PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

NOTE 3 - PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment consisted of the following at October 31, 2019 and 2020:

	2019			2020
Property and equipment	$	90,122			95,084
Less: accumulation depreciation		(81,653	)		(82,919	)
Net property and equipment	$	8,469			12,165

Depreciation expense totaled $480 and $2,455 for the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively.

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INCOME TAXES

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

INCOME TAXES

NOTE 4 - INCOME TAXES

The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification 740, Accounting for Income Taxes. During 2009, there was a change in control of the Company. 

Under section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code such a change in control negates much of the tax loss carry forward and deferred income tax. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of (a) temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax reporting purposes, and (b) net operating loss carry forwards. For federal income tax purposes, the Company uses the accrual basis of accounting, the same that is used for financial reporting purposes.

The Company’s deferred tax assets for the U.S. parent company and its US subsidiary consisted of the following as of October 31, 2019, and 2020:

	2019			2020
Income/(Loss) Before Income Taxes	$	(193,519	)	$	(109,561	)
Income Tax Recovery/Expense		(40,639	)		(23,008	)
Valuation Allowance		40,639			23,008
Net Operating Losses	$	2,093,842		$	2,203,403
Tax Rate		21	%		21	%
Deferred Tax Assets		439,707			462,715
Valuation Allowance		(439,707	)		(462,715	)
Net Deferred Tax Assets	$	-		$	-

The US companies had a net loss of $193,519, and $109,561 for the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively. As of October 31, 2020, the US Companies had a net operating loss carry forward of $2,203,403 which can be used to offset future taxable income.  The carry forwards will begin to expire in 2040, or twenty years after the loss is first incurred, if not used prior to that date.

A reconciliation of income taxes at the federal statutory rate to amounts provided for the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 is as follows:

	2019			2020
U.S. federal statutory rate		21	%		21	%
Net operating loss		(21	)%		(21	)%
Effective tax rate		--	%		--	%

The US Companies due to their loss have not filed US Corporate tax returns and is subject to examination back to October 31, 2012.

The Company’s deferred tax assets for the Canadian subsidiary companies consisted of the following as of October 31, 2019, and 2020:

	2019			2020
Income/(Loss) Before Income Taxes	$	45,484		$	7,583
Income Tax Recovery/Expense		12,053			2,009
Valuation Allowance		(12,053	)		(2,009	)
Net Operating Losses	$	310,911		$	76,039
Tax Rate		26.5	%		26.5	%
Deferred Tax Assets		82,391			20,150
Valuation Allowance		(82,391	)		(20,150	)
Net Deferred Tax Assets	$	-		$

The Canadian Companies had net income of $45,484 and $ 7,583 for the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively. As of October 31, 2020, the Company had a net operating loss carry forward of $76,039 which can be used to offset future taxable income.  The carry forwards will begin to expire in 2038, or twenty years after the loss is first incurred, if not used prior to that date.

A reconciliation of income taxes at the federal statutory rate to amounts provided for the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 is as follows:

	2019			2020
Canadian federal statutory rate		26.5	%		26.5	%
Net operating loss		(26.5	)%		(26.5	)%
Effective tax rate		--	%		--	%

The Canadian Companies have filed corporate tax returns through October 31, 2019 and returns since 2014 are open to examination. 

During the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 Cogent received tax refunds of $30,482 and $16,004, respectively.  The refunds are received under a scientific research and development program.

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EQUITY

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

EQUITY

NOTE 5 - EQUITY

On April 29, 2019, an officer and a director exercised 125,000 options for 125,000 common shares of the Company. The officer exercised 50,000 options at $0.10 per share and the director exercised 75,000 options at $0.001 per share for a total consideration of $5,075.

On August 1, 2019, the Company cancelled 22,500 shares of common stock returned to the Company in connection with the disposal of Skkynet Japan to its former owners. The fair value of the returned shares at date of closing was $6,749. (See Note 13)

On October 2, 2019, a director exercised 110,600 options for 110,600 common shares of the Company at $0.001 per share for total consideration of $110.

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CONTRIBUTION TO CAPITAL

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

CONTRIBUTION TO CAPITAL

NOTE 6 - CONTRIBUTION TO CAPITAL

During the year ended October 31, 2019, the Company settled $44,700 of accrued compensation to three officers of the Company through issuance of 199,800 options with a fair value of $55,933.  The difference of $11,233 was expensed as a loss on settlement of liabilities.

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OPTIONS

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

OPTIONS

NOTE 7 - OPTIONS

The Company, under its 2012 Stock Option Plan, issues options to various officers, directors, and consultants. The options vest in equal annual installments over a five year period with the first 20% vested when the options are granted. All of the options are exercisable at a purchase price based on the last trading price of the Company’s common stock.

On March 2, 2019, the Company modified the exercise price of 3,148,700 options to $0.21 per share. The modified options vest in five years and expire in 10 years. The fair value of the modified options was calculated using the Black Scholes option-pricing model with a 10 year expiration, stock measurement price of $0.20, volatility of 196.31% and discount rate of 3.00%. The total value calculated amounted to $628,638 resulting in incremental value of $38,162. The modified options were calculated and the difference between the calculation before modification was subtracted from the calculation of the modified options. The incremental value of the options is $38,162. The modified options have an unamortized expense of $796,286 prior to the modification, therefore the total value amortized over the vesting term of the modified options amounted to $834,448.

On March 2, 2019, the Company issued 130,000 options to four consultants and 7,500 options to three independent directors all with an exercise price of $0.21 per share. The options vest in five years and expire in 10 years. The fair value of the options amounting to $27,454 was calculated using the Black Scholes option-pricing model with a 10 year expiration, stock measurement price of $0.20, volatility of 196.31% and discount rate of 3.00%.

On April 30, 2019, the Company issued 199,800 options to three officers with exercise price of $0.001 for accrued compensation contributed to capital. The options have a fair value using the Black Sholes option-pricing model of $55,933 with computed volatility of 197.12% and a discount rate of 3.00%.The liability for which the options were issued was $44,700 with a loss recognized at settlement of $11,233. The options were vested upon issuance.

On April 29, 2019, 125,000 options were exercised into common stock, 50,000 at $0.10 per share and 75,000 at $0.001 per share for a total consideration of $5,075.

On August 1, 2019, the Company cancelled 272,500 options that were returned as part of the disposal of Skkynet Japan to its former owners. The balance of the unamortized amount for such options of $27,821 were expensed as a result of the cancellation.  As part of the accounting of the disposal, the Company used the Black Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the  fair value of the options returned to be $81,750 using a computed volatility of 210%, and discount rate of 2.0%.

On October 2, 2019 110,600 options were exercised into 110,600 shares of common stock for total consideration of $110.

On December 12, 2019, the Company issued 336,250 options: 120,000 to two officers, 11,250 to three independent directors and 205,000 to six employees and consultants. The options are exercisable into common stock of the Company at $0.59 per share.  The Company calculated a fair value of the options of $132,673 using the Black Scholes option pricing model with computed volatility of 207%, risk-free interest rate of 2%, expected dividend yield 0%, stock price at measurement date of $0.39 and the expected term of ten years. The options are expensed over a five-year period with 20% upon issuance and 20% for the first and each subsequent year. 

The Company has elected to amortize the options over the vesting period of the option as stock based compensation. During the year ended October 31, 2020, the Company expensed $209,437 for options. The unrecognized future balance to be expensed over the term of the options is $327,310.

The number of options exercisable as of year ended October 31, 2020 was 5,765,680.

The following sets forth the options granted and outstanding as of October 31, 2020

						Weighted
				Weighted		Average
				Average		Remaining		Granted
				Exercise		Contract		Options		Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Life		Exercisable		Value
Outstanding at Year Ended October 31, 2018		7,772,200			0.34		5.27		6,317,750	$	2,241,496
Granted		337,300			0.09		9.75		--		---
Exercised		(235,600	)		0.02		--		--		--
Forfeited		(292,500	)		0.26		---		--		--
Outstanding at Year Ended October 31, 2019		7,581,400			0.13		7.19		5,470,540	$	1,827,117
Granted		336,250			0.56		9.50		--		--
Exercised		--			--		--
Forfeited		--			--		--		--		--
Outstanding at Year Ended October 31, 2020		7,917,650			0.15		6.16		5,765,680	$	3,627,845

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

NOTE 8 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Sakura Software, a corporation owned by our CEO and Chairman of the Board of Directors, Andrew S. Thomas, and Benford Consultancy, a corporation owned by our COO and a member of our Board of Directors, Paul Benford, own, respectively, 72.34% and 27.66% of the issued and outstanding shares of Real Innovations International LLC, (“Real Innovations”) a corporation organized under the laws of Nevis, West Indies. In March 2012, Cogent, our operating subsidiary, assigned all of its intellectual property including the pending patent applications for its real-time data transmission and display technology (the “IP”) to Real Innovations under an assignment of intellectual property agreement (the “Assignment Agreement”). In return for the assignment Real Innovations required a one-time payment of $30,000 to Cogent. Cogent elected to forgo the payment allowing Real Innovations to offset future expenses against the payment. There is no ongoing royalty payment or other form of compensation from Real Innovations to Cogent under the Assignment Agreement.

Real Innovations, in turn, entered into a master intellectual property license agreement (the “License Agreement”) with Cogent for all of the same IP. Under the License Agreement Real Innovations granted a royalty-free license in perpetuity to Cogent for the use and exploitation of the IP in return for which Cogent agreed to: (i) pay all operating expenses of Real Innovations incurred in connection with the continued prosecution of pending patent applications and others that may be prepared; (ii) prosecute all claims for infringement of the IP; (iii) defend and indemnify Real Innovations from and against all claims of infringement of the IP asserted by third parties against Real Innovations, Cogent or our Company; (iv) purchase liability insurance in favor of Real Innovations for this purpose. Under the termination provision of the licenses agreement, there is no unilateral right of termination. Termination may occur by mutual consent of the parities, the Company ceasing  doing business, by breach by the Company or by the Company failing to maintain the license and the support to prosecute and protect the license under applicable laws.

Under the License Agreement, Messrs. Andrew S. Thomas and Paul Benford will benefit indirectly from their indirect ownership of all of the shares of Real Innovations to the extent of any such payments or other undertakings by Cogent on behalf of Real Innovations, but the exact amount of these benefits cannot be determined at this time. No payment have been made as of October 31, 2020.

During the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 the Company recognized but did not pay dividends of $11,620 and $11,620, respectively.

As of October 31, 2019, and 2020 the Company had the following outstanding accrued liabilities due to related parties:

As of October 31,	2019		2020
Accrued liabilities related parties		55,378		222,603
Accrued commissions		21,443		--
Total accrued liabilities	$	76,821	$	222,603

During the year ended October 31, 2019, the Company settled $44,700 of accrued compensation to three officers of the Company through issuance of 199,800 options with a fair value of $55,933 The difference of $11,233 was expensed as a loss on settlement of liabilities. The details of the settlement area as follows:

	Accrued compensation		Options Issued for accrued compensation
Andrew Thomas	$	20,860		93,200
Paul Benford	$	11,920		53,300
Paul Thomas	$	11,920		53,300
Total	$	44,700		199,800

On March 2, 2019, the Company issued 7,500 options to three independent directors. (See Note 7-Options)

On April 29, 2019, an officer and a director exercised 125,000 options for 125,000 common shares of the Company, 50,000 options were exercised at $0.10 per share by the officer and 75,000 options were exercised at $0.001 per share by the director for a total consideration of $5,075.

On October 2, 2019, a director exercised 110,600 options for 110,600 common shares of the Company at $0.001 per share for total consideration of $110.

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MAJOR CUSTOMERS

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

MAJOR CUSTOMERS

NOTE 9 - MAJOR CUSTOMERS

The Company sells to their end-user customers both directly and through resellers.  Five resellers accounted for 50% of sales in 2020 and four resellers accounted for 50% of sales in 2019.  The Company maintains all the information on their end user customers, and should a reseller discontinue operations, the Company can sell directly to the end user.  No reseller has exclusivity in their territory.  In 2020, no end user customers were responsible for more than 10% of our revenues and twenty-seven (27) end user customers were responsible for approximately 50% of gross revenue.  In 2019, no end user customer was responsible for more than 10% of revenue and twenty-seven (27) end user customers were responsible for approximately 50% of gross revenue.

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REVENUE BY PRODUCT LINES AND GEOGRAPHIC AREAS

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

REVENUE BY PRODUCT LINES AND GEOGRAPHIC AREAS

NOTE 10 - REVENUE BY PRODUCT LINES AND GEOGRAPHIC AREAS

The Company revenue by product line during the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 was as follows:

	2019					2020
Category	Percent			Amount		Percent			Amount
Software sales		68	%	$	936,473		68	%	$	1,025,111
Support sales		29	%		390,176		31	%		459,994
Other sales		3	%		40,799		2	%		21,824
Total		100	%	$	1,367,448		100	%	$	1,506,929

The Company sells its products on a worldwide basis.  During the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020 the Company’s revenue resulted in the following amounts geographically:

	2019					2020
Area	Percent			Amount		Percent			Amount
North America		39	%	$	518,931		37	%	$	563,277
Europe		42	%		579,007		35	%		529,321
Asia Pacific		9	%		128,732		13	%		197,955
South America		3	%		42,725		4	%		64,186
Other		7	%		98,053		10	%		152,187
Total		100	%	$	1,367,448		100	%	$	1,506,929

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

NOTE 11 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company leases office space located at 2233 Argentia Road Suite 306 Mississauga, Ontario Canada L5N 2X7. During May 2017, the Company signed a 5-year lease for the Company’s office being effective on August 1, 2017 through July 31, 2022. The lease is for approximately 2,210 square feet of office space with a gross monthly rental cost including common area charges of $4,097.

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)". The amendments in this ASU revise the accounting related to lessee accounting. The Company adapted the new accounting pronouncement as of November 19,2019. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification. The adoption of the policy did not have a cumulative impact on retained earnings.

The Company values were calculated using an 8%. Rate calculated over the remaining term of the lease.

The yearly rental obligations including the lease agreements are as follows:

Fiscal Year
2021		28,428
2022		21,321
Total lease payments		49,749
Less present value discount		(8,866	)
		40,883
Less operating lease short term		(20,980	)
Operating lease liability, long term	$	19,903

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LOAN PAYABLE

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

LOAN PAYABLE

NOTE 12 - LOAN PAYABLE

On April 30, 2020, the Company’s subsidiary Cogent Systems issued a two year note for US$30,032 (CDN $40,000) under the Canadian Emergency Business Account (CEBA). The CEBA provides interest free loans to small businesses to help cover operating costs during a period when their revenues may have been reduced due to the impact of COVID-19. The loan is subject to zero interest and 25% of the amount will be forgiven if 75% of the loan amount is repaid on or before December 31, 2022. The Company has the option to extend the term of the loan for another 3 years subject to an annual interest of 5% on any balance remaining

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

NOTE 13- DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

Effective August 1, 2019, the Company disposed its wholly owned subsidiary Skkynet Japan by entering into a share purchase agreement with the former owners. Under terms of the agreement, 22,500 shares of common stock and 272,500 options of the Company held by the former owners were returned to the Company for 100% ownership of Skkynet Japan.  The shares and options returned were valued on the date of sale at $6,749 and $81,750, respectively.    In addition, the intellectual property, software documentation and source code of the Company was returned to the Company with the balance of the assets and liabilities remaining in Skkynet Japan. As part of the agreement, the name of Skkynet Japan was changed to exclude Skkynet in its new name. The Company forgave the indebtedness $41,732 owed to the Company by its subsidiary Skkynet Japan. The Company recognized a gain on the disposal of Skkynet Japan of $27,383.  The following tables present the breakdown of the assets and liabilities and results of operations related to the discontinued operations:

Operating Results of Discontinued Operations
For the Years Ended October 31,
	2019			2020
Revenue included in discontinued operations	$	106,661			--
Operating costs and expenses included in discontinued operations
Cost of goods sold		16,227			--
General and administrative expenses		149,301			--
Net loss from Discontinued operations		(58,867	)		--
Net loss per share of discontinued operations basic & diluted	$	(0.00	)		---

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SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

NOTE 14- SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company has evaluated subsequent events to determine events occurring after October 31, 2020 through February 9, 2021 that would have a material impact on the Company’s financial results or require disclosure and have determined none exist.

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SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES(Policies)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries Cogent Real Time Systems, Inc (Canada), Skkynet Corp. (Canada), Skkynet Inc (US) and the discontinued operations of Skynet Japan (formally NiC Corporation) (Japan) that was sold on August 1, 2019.  All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Reclassification of Prior Year Presentation

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency in presentation with the current year presentation. The footnotes were added to present the sales by geographic area and line of business. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Revenue recognition

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016–10 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing. The amendments in this Update do not change the core principle of the guidance in Topic 606. Rather, the amendments in this Update clarify the following two aspects of Topic 606: identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance, while retaining the related principles for those areas. Topic 606 includes implementation guidance on (a) contracts with customers to transfer goods and services in exchange for consideration and (b) determining whether an entity’s promise to grant a license provides a customer with either a right to use the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied at a point in time) or a right to access the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied over time). The amendments are intended to render more detailed implementation guidance with the expectation to reduce the degree of judgement necessary to comply with Topic 606.

ASC Topic 606 prescribes a new five-step model entities should follow in order to recognize revenue in accordance with the core principle. These five steps are:

1.	Identify the contract(s) with a customer.
2.	Identify the performance obligations in the contract.
3.	Determine the transaction price.
4.	Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.
5.	Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfied the performance obligations.

Effective November 1, 2018, the Company implemented the transition using the modified retrospective method of transition. Under this method, the determination date of open contracts which could affect any adjustments was November 1, 2018. The open contracts at the time period are the unfulfilled portions of the maintenance contracts. Based on the cut off treatment of the recognition of revenue on the open contracts being determined at the end of the previous period and being no changes in the open obligation requirements, the Company has determined that there are no adjustments in the value of the revenue recognized from these contracts.

The Company has four revenue streams, each of which the revenue is recognized in accordance to the five steps included in Topic 606. The revenue streams are:

1.	Sale of software direct to the end customer
2.	Sale of software through distributors and channel partners
3.	Maintenance support services
4.	Cloud services

Revenue for the sale of software both directly to end users and through the distributor and channel partners is recognized upon delivery of the software and code required for the customer to install the software.

Maintenance support services are recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the service period of the arrangement.

Revenue from cloud services is recognized over time (typically, on a monthly basis) as service is provided.  

Payments received in advance of services being rendered are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized to revenue when earned.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable are carried at face value less any provisions for uncollectible accounts considered necessary. Accounts receivable include receivables from customers that have received software and support from the Company. Bad debt expense is a recognition of uncollectable receivables based on past years’ experience and management’s estimate of likely losses for the year. No allowance for bad debt was considered necessary for the years ended October 31, 2020 and October 31, 2019, respectively.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment are carried at the cost of acquisition and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Costs associated with repair and maintenance is expensed as incurred. Costs associated with improvements which extend the life, increase the capacity or improve the efficiency of our property and equipment are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life of the related asset. Gains and losses on dispositions of equipment are reflected in operations. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.

Foreign currency translation

The Company’s reporting currency is in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company’s foreign operations is their local currency. The financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries in Canada and Japan are translated to U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC 830-30, “Foreign Currency Translation”. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date while the income statement accounts are translated using the average exchange rate for the year. Gains and losses arising on translation or settlement of foreign currency denominated transactions or balances are included in the determination of income. The Company has not, to the date of these consolidated financial statements, entered into derivative instruments to offset the impact of foreign currency fluctuations.

Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the historical-cost carrying value of an asset may no longer be appropriate. The Company assesses recoverability of the asset by comparing the undiscounted future net cash flows expected to result from the asset to its carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds the undiscounted future net cash flows of the asset, an impairment loss is measured and recognized. An impairment loss is measured as the difference between the net book value and the fair value of the long-lived asset. Fair value is estimated based upon either discounted cash flow analysis or estimated salvage value.

Basic and diluted net loss per share

Basic and diluted net income per share calculations are calculated on the basis of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. They include the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents in years with net income. For the years ended October 31, 2019 and 2020, 7,581,400 and 7,917.650 potentially issuable shares of common stock from stock options have been excluded from the calculation because their effect would be antidilutive to the Company’s net losses. Basic and diluted net income per share is the same due to net losses during both periods.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are provided in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), Topic 740 Accounting for Income Taxes. A deferred tax asset or liability is recorded for all temporary differences between financial and tax reporting and net operating loss carry forwards. Deferred tax expense (benefit) results from the net change during the year of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion of all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

Income taxes for subsidiaries Cogent Real-Time Systems are subject to the tax statutes in their country of domicile which is Canada.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance  with the fair value recognition provision of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No 718. The Company issues restricted stock to employees and consultants for their services. Cost of these transactions are measured at fair value of the equity instrument issued at the date of grant. These shares are considered fully vested and the fair market value is recognized as the expense in the period granted.  The Company recognized consulting expense and a corresponding increase to the additional paid in capital related to the stock issued for services.  For agreements requiring future services the consulting expense is to be recognized ratably over the requisite service period.

Related Parties

A party is considered to be related to the Company if the party directly or indirectly or through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. A party which can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or if it has an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests is also a related party.”

Discontinued operations

As discussed in Note 1, effective August 1, 2019, the Company disposed of its wholly-owned subsidiary Skkynet Japan which represented a strategic shift in the Company’s operations.  The assets and liabilities have been accounted for as discontinued operations in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets for all periods presented. The operating results related to these lines of business have been included in discontinued operations in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for all periods presented.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)". The amendments in this ASU revise the accounting related to lessee accounting. Under the new guidance, lessees is required to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for all leases. The new lease guidance also simplifies the accounting for sale and leaseback transactions primarily because lessees must recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and are to be applied through a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the new accounting pronouncement on November 1, 2019.

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PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT (Table)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Schedule of Property and equipment

	2019			2020
Property and equipment	$	90,122			95,084
Less: accumulation depreciation		(81,653	)		(82,919	)
Net property and equipment	$	8,469			12,165

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INCOME TAXES (Table)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

INCOME TAXES

Schedule of deferred tax assets

	2019			2020
Income/(Loss) Before Income Taxes	$	(193,519	)	$	(109,561	)
Income Tax Recovery/Expense		(40,639	)		(23,008	)
Valuation Allowance		40,639			23,008
Net Operating Losses	$	2,093,842		$	2,203,403
Tax Rate		21	%		21	%
Deferred Tax Assets		439,707			462,715
Valuation Allowance		(439,707	)		(462,715	)
Net Deferred Tax Assets	$	-		$	-

	2019			2020
Income/(Loss) Before Income Taxes	$	45,484		$	7,583
Income Tax Recovery/Expense		12,053			2,009
Valuation Allowance		(12,053	)		(2,009	)
Net Operating Losses	$	310,911		$	76,039
Tax Rate		26.5	%		26.5	%
Deferred Tax Assets		82,391			20,150
Valuation Allowance		(82,391	)		(20,150	)
Net Deferred Tax Assets	$	-		$

Schedule of federal statutory rate

	2019			2020
U.S. federal statutory rate		21	%		21	%
Net operating loss		(21	)%		(21	)%
Effective tax rate		--	%		--	%

	2019			2020
Canadian federal statutory rate		26.5	%		26.5	%
Net operating loss		(26.5	)%		(26.5	)%
Effective tax rate		--	%		--	%

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OPTIONS (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

OPTIONS

Schedule of Options granted and outstanding

						Weighted
				Weighted		Average
				Average		Remaining		Granted
				Exercise		Contract		Options		Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Life		Exercisable		Value
Outstanding at Year Ended October 31, 2018		7,772,200			0.34		5.27		6,317,750	$	2,241,496
Granted		337,300			0.09		9.75		--		---
Exercised		(235,600	)		0.02		--		--		--
Forfeited		(292,500	)		0.26		---		--		--
Outstanding at Year Ended October 31, 2019		7,581,400			0.13		7.19		5,470,540	$	1,827,117
Granted		336,250			0.56		9.50		--		--
Exercised		--			--		--
Forfeited		--			--		--		--		--
Outstanding at Year Ended October 31, 2020		7,917,650			0.15		6.16		5,765,680	$	3,627,845

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Schedule of outstanding accrued liabilities

As of October 31,	2019		2020
Accrued liabilities related parties		55,378		222,603
Accrued commissions		21,443		--
Total accrued liabilities	$	76,821	$	222,603

Schedule of accrued compensation

	Accrued compensation		Options Issued for accrued compensation
Andrew Thomas	$	20,860		93,200
Paul Benford	$	11,920		53,300
Paul Thomas	$	11,920		53,300
Total	$	44,700		199,800

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REVENUE BY PRODUCT LINES AND GEOGRAPHIC AREAS (Table)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

REVENUE BY PRODUCT LINES AND GEOGRAPHIC AREAS (Table)

Schedule of revenue by product line and geographic area

	2019					2020
Category	Percent			Amount		Percent			Amount
Software sales		68	%	$	936,473		68	%	$	1,025,111
Support sales		29	%		390,176		31	%		459,994
Other sales		3	%		40,799		2	%		21,824
Total		100	%	$	1,367,448		100	%	$	1,506,929

Schedule of geographic concentration of revenue

	2019					2020
Area	Percent			Amount		Percent			Amount
North America		39	%	$	518,931		37	%	$	563,277
Europe		42	%		579,007		35	%		529,321
Asia Pacific		9	%		128,732		13	%		197,955
South America		3	%		42,725		4	%		64,186
Other		7	%		98,053		10	%		152,187
Total		100	%	$	1,367,448		100	%	$	1,506,929

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Table)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Schedule of lease agreements

Fiscal Year
2021		28,428
2022		21,321
Total lease payments		49,749
Less present value discount		(8,866	)
		40,883
Less operating lease short term		(20,980	)
Operating lease liability, long term	$	19,903

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

Loss on discontinued operations, net of tax

Schedule of discontinued operations

Operating Results of Discontinued Operations
For the Years Ended October 31,
	2019			2020
Revenue included in discontinued operations	$	106,661			--
Operating costs and expenses included in discontinued operations
Cost of goods sold		16,227			--
General and administrative expenses		149,301			--
Net loss from Discontinued operations		(58,867	)		--
Net loss per share of discontinued operations basic & diluted	$	(0.00	)		---

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NATURE OF BUSINESS (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2012	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Preferred stock, share issued		5,000	5,000
Business Acquisition [Member] | Restricted Stock [Member] | Cogent [Member]
Exchange of common stock, restricted shares	30,000,000
Series A Preferred Stock [Member] | Business Acquisition [Member]
Preferred stock, Outstanding	19,000,000
Preferred stock, share issued	5,000
Net assets	$ 8,720

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SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Allowance for bad debt	$ 0	$ 0
Equity Option [Member]
Common stock shares, issuable	7,917,650	7,581,400

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PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT (Details) - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment	$ 95,084	$ 90,122
Less: accumulation depreciation	(82,919)	(81,653)
Net property and equipment	$ 12,165	$ 8,469

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PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Depreciation expense	$ 2,455	$ 480

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INCOME TAXES (Details) - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
U.S. parent company and U.S. subsidiary [Member]
Deferred Tax Assets	$ 462,715	$ 439,707
Income/(Loss) Before Income Taxes	(109,561)	(193,519)
Income Tax Recovery/Expense	(23,008)	(40,639)
Valuation allowance	23,008	40,639
Net Operating Losses	$ 2,203,403	$ 2,093,842
Tax Rate	21.00%	21.00%
Valuation Allowance	$ (462,715)	$ (439,707)
Net deferred tax asset	0	0
Canadian subsidiary company [Member]
Deferred Tax Assets	76,039	310,911
Income/(Loss) Before Income Taxes	7,583	45,484
Income Tax Recovery/Expense	2,009	12,053
Valuation allowance	(2,009)	(12,053)
Net Operating Losses	$ 76,039	$ 310,911
Tax Rate	26.50%	26.50%
Valuation Allowance	$ (20,150)	$ (82,391)
Net deferred tax asset	$ 0	$ 0

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INCOME TAXES (Details 1)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
U.S. parent company and U.S. subsidiary [Member]
U.S. federal statutory rate	21.00%	21.00%
Net operating loss	(21.00%)	(21.00%)
Effective tax rate	0.00%	0.00%
Canadian subsidiary company [Member]
U.S. federal statutory rate	26.50%	26.50%
Net operating loss	(26.50%)	(26.50%)
Effective tax rate	0.00%	0.00%

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INCOME TAXES (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Net loss	$ (311,333)	$ (575,854)
U.S. parent company and U.S. subsidiary [Member]
Operating loss carry forward	2,203,403
Net loss	$ (109,561)	(193,519)
Carry forwards will begin to expire	2040
Canadian subsidiary company [Member]
Operating loss carry forward	$ 76,039
Net loss	$ 7,583	45,484
Carry forwards will begin to expire	2038
Cogent [Member]
Corporate tax refund	$ (16,004)	$ (30,482)

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EQUITY (Details Narrative) - USD ($)		1 Months Ended
	Oct. 02, 2019	Apr. 29, 2019	Aug. 01, 2019
Common stock share issued upon option exercised	110,600	75,000
Officer and Director [Member]
Stock option exercised		125,000
Common stock share issued upon option exercised		125,000
Common stock value upon stock option exercised		$ 5,075
Skkynet Japan [Member]
Cancellation of common stock, value			$ 6,749
Cancellation of common stock issued			22,500
Director [Member]
Stock option exercised	110,600	75,000
Common stock share issued upon option exercised	110,600
Common stock value upon stock option exercised	$ 110
price per share	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Officer [Member]
Stock option exercised		50,000
price per share		$ 0.10

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CONTRIBUTION TO CAPITAL (Details Narrative) - Three Officers [Member]	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($) shares
Accrued compensation	$ 44,700
Loss on settlement of liabilities	$ 11,233
Options granted for accrued compensation | shares	199,800
Options granted value	$ 55,933

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OPTIONS (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Options
Shares outstanding beginning balance	7,581,400	7,772,200
Granted	336,250	337,300
Exercised		(235,600)
Forfeited		(292,500)
Shares outstanding ending balance	7,917,650	7,581,400
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Weighted average exercise price of shares outstanding beginning balance	$ 0.13	$ 0.34
Weighted average exercise price of share granted	0.56	0.09
Weighted average exercise price of share exercised		0.02
Weighted average exercise price of share forfeited		0.26
Weighted average exercise price of shares outstanding ending balance	$ 0.15	$ 0.13
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Terms
Weighted average remaining contractual terms of share outstanding, beginning	7 years 2 months 9 days	5 years 3 months 7 days
Weighted average remaining contractual terms of share granted	9 years 5 months 30 days	9 years 8 months 30 days
Weighted average remaining contractual terms of share outstanding, ending	6 years 1 month 28 days	7 years 2 months 9 days
Granted Options Exercisable
Outstanding beginning balance	$ 5,470,540	$ 6,317,750
Outstanding ending balance	5,765,680	5,470,540
Intrinsic Value
Aggregate intrinsic value of share outstanding beginning balance	$ 1,827,117	$ 2,241,496
Aggregate intrinsic value of share outstanding ending balance	$ 3,627,845	$ 1,827,117

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OPTIONS (Details Narrative)		1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Oct. 02, 2019 USD ($) shares	Apr. 30, 2019 USD ($) shares	Apr. 29, 2019 $ / shares shares	Oct. 31, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Unrecognized future balance				$ 327,310
Option converted into common stock | shares	110,600		75,000
Option converted into common stock, value	$ 110				$ 5,185
Total number of options exercisable | shares				5,765,680
Option based compensation				$ 209,437	$ 387,345
Price per share | $ / shares			$ 0.001
Skkynet Japan [Member]
Computed volatility				210.00%
Option discount rate				2.00%
Fair value of stock option				$ 81,750
Cancellation of option | shares				272,500
unamortized amount				$ 27,821
Two Officers [Member]
Options issued | shares				120,000
Six Employees And Consultants [Member]
Options issued | shares				205,000
Three independent directors [Member]
Options issued | shares				11,250
Three Oficers [Member]
Option converted into common stock, value		$ 199,800
Options issued | shares		44,700
Fair value of the option		$ 55,933
Exercise price		0.001
Computed volatility		197.12%
Loss on settlement of liability		$ 11,233
Option discount rate		3.00%
December 12, 2019 [Member]
Options issued | shares				336,250
Fair value of the option				$ 132,673
Exercise price				0.59
Computed volatility				207.00%
Risk-free interest rate				2.00%
Expected dividend yield				0.00%
Expiration term				10 years
Stock measurement price				0.39
Option vested year				5 years
Options issuance description				20% upon issuance and 20% for the first and each subsequent year
April 29, 2019 [Member]
Option converted into common stock | shares				50,000
Converted option				$ 125,000
Option converted into common stock | shares				75,000
Price per share | $ / shares				$ 0.10
Price per share | $ / shares				$ 0.001
March 2, 2019 [Member]
Computed volatility				196.31%
Expiration term				10 years
Stock measurement price				0.20
Option vested year				5 years
Option discount rate				3.00%
Options granted upon conversion | shares				3,148,700
Conversion price per option | $ / shares				$ 0.21
Fair value of option granted, gross				$ 628,638
Increase in fair value of the option				38,162
Unamortized expense				796,286
Fair value of option granted, net				$ 834,448
March 2, 2019 [Member] | Three independent directors [Member]
Options issued | shares				7,500
Exercise price				0.21
Computed volatility				196.31%
Expiration term				10 years
Stock measurement price				0.20
Option vested year				5 years
Option discount rate				3.00%
March 2, 2019 [Member] | Four Consultants [Member]
Options issued | shares				130,000
Exercise price				0.21
Computed volatility				196.31%
Expiration term				10 years
Stock measurement price				0.20
Option vested year				5 years
Option discount rate				3.00%
Fair value of stock option				$ 27,454

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Details) - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Accrued liabilities related parties	$ 222,603	$ 55,378
Accrued commissions	0	21,443
Total accrued liabilities	$ 222,603	$ 76,821

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Details 1)	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($) shares
Accrued compensation | $	$ 44,700
Options Issued for accrued compensation | shares	199,800
Andrew Thomas [Member] | Contribution Capital [Member]
Accrued compensation | $	$ 20,860
Options Issued for accrued compensation | shares	93,200
Paul Benford [Member] | Contribution Capital [Member]
Accrued compensation | $	$ 11,920
Options Issued for accrued compensation | shares	53,300
Paul Thomas [Member] | Contribution Capital [Member]
Accrued compensation | $	$ 11,920
Options Issued for accrued compensation | shares	53,300

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Details Narrative)		1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Oct. 02, 2019 USD ($) shares	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($) shares	Apr. 29, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Oct. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($) shares	Mar. 02, 2019 shares
Outstanding dividends | $				$ 11,620	$ 11,620
One time payment to be made by Real Innovations in return of assignment to Cogent | $				$ 30,000
Price per share | $ / shares			$ 0.001
Option converted into common stock | shares	110,600		75,000
Option converted into common stock, value | $	$ 110				5,185
Director [Member]
Option converted into common stock | shares	110,600
Option converted into common stock, value | $	$ 110
Option converted into common stock | shares	110,600	110,600
Commo stock, share price	0.001
Officer and Director [Member]
Option converted into common stock | shares			125,000
Option converted into common stock, value | $			$ 5,075
Option converted into common stock | shares			125,000
Officer and Director [Member] | Option Exercise [Member]
Option converted into common stock | shares			50,000
Price per share | $ / shares			$ 0.10
Three independent directors [Member]
Option issued during period | shares						7,500
Three Officers [Member]
Accrued compensation | $		$ 44,700			$ 44,700
Options granted for accrued compensation | shares		199,800			199,800
Options granted value | $		$ 55,933			$ 55,933
Loss on settlement of liabilities | $					$ 11,233
Andrew Thomas [Member]
Ownership percentage in Real Innovations hold by related parties				72.34%
Paul Benford [Member]
Ownership percentage in Real Innovations hold by related parties				27.66%

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MAJOR CUSTOMERS (Details Narrative)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Concentration risk percentage of revenue, description	No end user customers were responsible for more than 10% of our revenues	No end user customers were responsible for more than 10% of our revenues
Twenty seven Customer [Member]
Percentage of gross revenue	50.00%	50.00%
Five resellers [Member]
Percentage of sales	50.00%	50.00%

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REVENUE BY PRODUCT LINES AND GEOGRAPHIC AREAS (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Revenue, total	$ 1,506,929	$ 1,367,448
Product line [Member]
Revenue, total	$ 1,506,929	$ 1,367,448
Revenue percentage	100.00%	100.00%
Software sales [Member]
Revenue, total	$ 1,025,111	$ 936,473
Revenue percentage	68.00%	68.00%
Support sales [Member]
Revenue, total	$ 459,994	$ 390,176
Revenue percentage	31.00%	29.00%
Other sales [Member]
Revenue, total	$ 21,824	$ 40,799
Revenue percentage	2.00%	2.00%

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REVENUE BY PRODUCT LINES AND GEOGRAPHIC AREAS (Details1) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Total revenue	$ 1,506,929	$ 1,367,448
Geographically [Member]
Total revenue	$ 1,506,929	$ 1,367,448
Revenue percentage	100.00%	100.00%
North America [Member]
Total revenue	$ 563,277	$ 518,931
Revenue percentage	37.00%	39.00%
Europe [Member]
Total revenue	$ 529,321	$ 579,007
Revenue percentage	35.00%	42.00%
Asia Pacific [Member]
Total revenue	$ 197,955	$ 128,732
Revenue percentage	13.00%	9.00%
South America [Member]
Total revenue	$ 64,186	$ 42,725
Revenue percentage	4.00%	3.00%
Other [Member]
Total revenue	$ 152,187	$ 98,053
Revenue percentage	7.00%	7.00%

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Details) - USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
2021	$ 28,428
2022	21,321
Total lease payments	49,749
Less present value discount	(8,866)
Operating lease liability	40,883
Less operating lease short term	20,980	$ 0
Operating lease liability, long term	$ 19,903	$ 0

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Details Narrative) - August 1, 2017 through July 31, 2022 [Member]	1 Months Ended
	May 31, 2017 USD ($) ft²	Oct. 31, 2019
Office space lease | ft²	2,210
Monthly rental expense | $	$ 4,097
Lease expiration	Jul. 31, 2022
Lease rate		8.00%
Lease Term	5 years

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LOAN PAYABLE (Details Narrative) - Cogent Systems [Member]	1 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2020 USD ($)
Notes payable	$ 30,032
Description of loan payable	The loan is subject to zero interest and 25% of the amount will be forgiven if 75% of the loan amount is repaid on or before December 31, 2022.
Interest rate	5.00%
Extended term of note	3 years

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019
Operating costs and expenses included in discontinued operations
Cost of goods sold	$ 0	$ 16,227
General and administrative expenses	0	149,301
Net loss from Discontinued operations	$ 0	$ (58,867)
Net loss per share of discontinued operations basic & diluted		$ (0.00)

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (Details Narrative)	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2020 USD ($) shares
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations	$ 27,383
Debt forgiveness	$ 41,732
Effective August 1, 2019 [Member] | Former owners [Member]
Common stock share received for sold of Skkynet Japan | shares	22,500
Common stock share received, value	$ 6,749
Options received for sold of Skkynet Japan | shares	272,500
Options received, value	$ 81,750
Ownership percentage of related party in Skkynet Japan	100.00%