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Segment Information and Geographic Information
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information and Geographic Information
Note 13 - Segment Information and Geographic Information
The Company operates its business as two operating and reportable segments: Core Platform and Other Bets. The Company determined its operating segments based on how the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) manages the business, allocates resources, makes operating decisions and evaluates operating performance. The Company’s operating performance measure is contribution profit (loss). The CODM does not evaluate operating segments using asset information. Contribution profit (loss) is defined as revenue less the following expenses: cost of revenue, operations and support, sales and marketing, and general and administrative and research and development expenses associated with the Core Platform and Other Bets segments. Contribution profit (loss) also excludes any non-cash items or items that management does not believe are reflective of the Company’s ongoing core operations (as shown in the table below). Included in the reconciliation below are expenses associated with research and development activities that are not directly attributable to the Core Platform and Other Bets segments: ATG and Other Technology Programs. ATG includes research and development expenses associated with developing autonomous vehicle technology. Other Technology Programs includes research and development expenses associated with developing all other next-generation technologies.
In June 2019, the Company announced a number of leadership and organizational changes. These organizational changes will be effective in the third quarter of 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact to its operating and reportable segments based on how the businesses will be managed subsequent to the changes. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company’s CODM continued to manage the business, allocate resources, make operating decisions, and evaluate operating performance under the existing operating and reportable segments: Core Platform and Other Bets.
The following table provides information about the Company’s segments and a reconciliation of the total segment contribution profit (loss) to loss from operations (in millions):
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
Contribution profit (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Core Platform
 
$
369

 
$
220

 
$
796

 
$
103

Other Bets
 
(28
)
 
(122
)
 
(48
)
 
(193
)
Total segment contribution profit (loss)
 
341

 
98

 
748

 
(90
)
Reconciling items:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Research and development expenses related to ATG and Other Technology Programs(1)
 
(129
)
 
(105
)
 
(246
)
 
(202
)
Unallocated research and development and general and administrative expenses(1), (2)
 
(488
)
 
(649
)
 
(956
)
 
(1,233
)
Depreciation and amortization
 
(98
)
 
(123
)
 
(186
)
 
(269
)
Stock-based compensation expense
 
(20
)
 
(3,941
)
 
(83
)
 
(3,952
)
Legal, tax, and regulatory reserves and settlements
 
(252
)
 
(380
)
 
(252
)
 
(380
)
Driver appreciation award
 
—

 
(299
)
 
—

 
(299
)
Payroll tax on IPO stock-based compensation
 
—

 
(86
)
 
—

 
(86
)
Asset impairment/loss on sale of assets
 
(81
)
 
—

 
(113
)
 
(8
)
Acquisition and financing related expenses
 
—

 
—

 
(15
)
 
—

Gain on restructuring of lease arrangement
 
4

 
—

 
4

 
—

Impact of 2018 Divested Operations(1), (3)
 
(16
)
 
—

 
(118
)
 
—

Loss from operations
 
$
(739
)
 
$
(5,485
)
 
$
(1,217
)
 
$
(6,519
)
(1) Excluding stock-based compensation expense.
(2) Unallocated research and development expenses include costs that are not directly attributable to the Core Platform and Other Bets segments. These include mapping and payment technologies and support and development of the internal technology infrastructure. Unallocated general and administrative expenses include certain shared costs such as finance, accounting, tax, human resources, information technology and legal costs. The Company’s allocation methodology is periodically evaluated and may change.
(3) Defined as the Company’s 2018 operations in (i) Southeast Asia prior to the sale of those operations to Grab and (ii) Russia/CIS prior to the formation of the Company’s Yandex.Taxi joint venture.
Geographic Information
Revenue by geography is based on where the trip was completed or meal delivered. The following table sets forth revenue by geographic area for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2019 (in millions):
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
United States
 
$
1,469

 
$
1,853

 
$
2,799

 
$
3,610

Brazil
 
281

 
188

 
557

 
397

All other countries
 
1,018

 
1,125

 
1,996

 
2,258

Total revenue
 
$
2,768

 
$
3,166

 
$
5,352

 
$
6,265


Revenue from external customers grouped by offerings is included in Note 2 - Revenue.