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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The Company's consolidated financial statements include the results of the financial operations of Clearside Biomedical, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Clearside Royalty LLC. a Delaware limited liability company, which was formed for the purposes of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase and Sale Agreement described in Note 5. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

The Company’s financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the estimate of the total amount of future royalty revenue and milestone payments to be generated over the life of the Purchase and Sale Agreement, revenue recognition, the accounting for useful lives to calculate depreciation and amortization, clinical trial expense accruals, share-based compensation expense and income tax valuation allowance. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue from its contracts with customers under Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company’s primary revenue arrangements are license agreements which typically include upfront payments, regulatory and commercial milestone payments and royalties based on future product sales. The arrangements may also include payments for the Company’s SCS Microinjector devices as well as payments for assistance and oversight of the customer’s use of the Company’s technology. In determining the amount of revenue to be recognized under these agreements, the Company performs the following steps: (i) identifies the promised goods and services to be transferred in the contract, (ii) identifies the performance obligations, (iii) determines the transaction price, (iv) allocates the transaction price to the performance obligations and (v) recognizes revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company receives payments from its customers based on billing schedules established in each contract. Up-front and other payments may require deferral of revenue recognition to a future period until the Company performs its obligations under the arrangement. Amounts are recorded as accounts receivable when the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional. The Company does not assess whether a contract has a significant financing component if the expectation at contract inception is such that the period between payment by the customer and the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer will be one year or less.

In the year ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company recognized $8.2 million, $1.3 million, and $29.6 million of revenue associated with its license agreements, respectively. License revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 was primarily for a non-refundable $5.0 million upfront license fee payment from BioCryst and $1.4 million of milestone payments from Aura Biosciences, Inc. The $5.0 million non-refundable upfront payment was recognized upon transfer of control of the license to BioCryst. The $1.4 million in milestone payments from Aura were recognized upon satisfaction of the related performance obligations. Remaining revenues for the year ended December 31, 2023 were generated by providing training materials and clinical trial products to the Company's licensees. License revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily from providing training materials and clinical trial products to the Company's licensees. License revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 was primarily a result of (i) the milestone payments from Bausch that consisted of $5.0 million received upon FDA approval of XIPERE, the recognition of $5.0 million of deferred revenue for the upfront milestone payment and the recognition of a $10.0 million milestone for pre-launch activities and (ii) an aggregate of $8.0 million received from Arctic Vision for FDA approval of XIPERE, territory expansion and certain development milestones.

Segment Information

Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company views its operations and manages its business in one operating segment.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment is recorded at historical cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, or for leasehold improvement the lesser of the useful life or remaining lease term. Repairs and maintenance are expensed when incurred. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of the assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is included in the determination of net income.

Debt Discount

Debt Discount

All debt discounts are recorded against the related debt obligation and are amortized using the effective interest rate method over the term of the underlying debt obligation and reflected in interest expense.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets or liabilities are recorded for temporary differences between financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, using enacted rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is recorded if it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company has provided a full valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets, which primarily consist of cumulative net operating losses for the period from May 26, 2011 (inception) to December 31, 2023. Due to its history of operating losses since inception and losses expected to be incurred in the foreseeable future, a full valuation allowance was considered necessary.

Liabilities for uncertain tax positions are recognized based on a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. Once it is determined that the position meets the recognition threshold, the second step requires estimating and measuring the largest amount of tax benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon ultimate settlement. The difference between the amount of recognizable tax benefit and the total amount of tax benefit from positions filed or to be filed with the tax authorities is recorded as a liability for uncertain tax benefits.

Research and Development Costs

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and include:

employee-related expenses, including salaries, benefits, travel and share-based compensation expense for research and development personnel;
expenses incurred under agreements with contract research organizations, contract manufacturing organizations and consultants that conduct preclinical studies and clinical trials;
costs associated with preclinical and clinical development activities;
costs associated with submitting regulatory approval applications for the Company’s product candidates;
costs associated with training physicians on the suprachoroidal injection procedure and educating and providing them with appropriate product candidate information;
costs associated with technology and intellectual property licenses;
costs for the Company’s research and development facility; and
depreciation expense for assets used in research and development activities.

Costs for certain development activities, such as clinical trial activities, are recognized based on an evaluation of the estimated total costs for the clinical trial, progress to completion of specific tasks, using data such as patient enrollment, pass through expenses, clinical site activations, data from the clinical sites or information provided to the Company by its vendors on their actual costs incurred. Payments for these activities are based on the terms of the individual contracts and any subsequent amendments, which may differ from the patterns of costs incurred, and are reflected in the financial statements as prepaid or accrued expenses.

Share-Based Compensation

Share-Based Compensation

Compensation cost related to share-based awards granted to employees, directors and consultants is measured based on the estimated fair value of the award at the grant date. The fair value of restricted stock units granted is measured based on the market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Share-based compensation costs are expensed on a straight-line basis over the relevant vesting period.

Compensation cost related to shares purchased through the Company’s employee stock purchase plan, which is considered compensatory, is based on the estimated fair value of the shares on the offering date, including consideration of the discount and the look back period. The Company estimates the fair value of the shares using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. Compensation expense is recognized over the six-month withholding period prior to the purchase date.

All share-based compensation costs are recorded in general and administrative or research and development costs in the statements of operations based upon the underlying employees’ roles within the Company.

Cash Equivalents

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of short-term, highly liquid investments with an original term of three months or less at the date of purchase.

Restricted Cash

Restricted Cash

The Company is required to maintain a stand-by letter of credit as a security deposit for its facility lease in Alpharetta, Georgia. The Company’s bank requires the Company to maintain a restricted cash balance to serve as collateral for the letter of credit issued to the landlord by the bank. As of December 31, 2022, the restricted cash balance was invested in a commercial money market account. The current portion of the restricted cash is recorded in other current assets and the long-term portion is recorded in restricted cash.

Concentration of Credit Risk Arising From Cash Deposits in Excess of Insured Limits

Concentration of Credit Risk Arising From Cash Deposits in Excess of Insured Limits

The Company maintains its cash in bank deposits that at times may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any loss in such accounts. The Company believes it is not exposed to any significant risks with respect to its cash balances.

Liability Related to the Sales of Future Royalties and Non-Cash Interest Expense

Liability Related to the Sales of Future Royalties and Non-Cash Interest Expense

In connection with the Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Company recognized a liability related to the sales of future royalties under ASC 470-10 Debt and ASC 835-30 Interest - Imputation of Interest. The initial funds received by the Company pursuant to the terms of the Purchase and Sale Agreement were recorded as a liability and are accreted under the effective interest method up to the estimated amount of future royalties and milestone payments to be made under the Purchase and Sale Agreement. The issuance costs were recorded as a direct deduction to the carrying amount of the liability and are being amortized under the effective interest method over the estimated period the liability will be repaid. The Company estimates the total amount of future royalty revenue and milestone payments to be generated over the life of the Purchase and Sale Agreement, and a significant increase or decrease in these estimates could materially impact the liability balance and the related interest expense. If the timing of the receipt of royalty payments or milestones is materially different from the original estimates, the Company will prospectively adjust the effective interest and the related amortization of the liability and related issuance costs.