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Related Party Transactions
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions
Related Party Transactions
As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, AR Global and its affiliates and a subsidiary of the Service Provider owned, in the aggregate, 35,900 and 39,904 shares of outstanding Common Stock, respectively. The Advisor, the Service Provider, and their affiliates may incur costs and fees on behalf of the Company. The Company had no receivables from related parties and $0.8 million of payables to their affiliates, as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.
As of June 30, 2018, AR Global indirectly owned 95% of the membership interests in the Advisor and Scott J. Bowman, the Company's former chief executive officer and president, directly owned the other 5% of the membership interests in the Advisor. Prior to his resignation as chief executive officer and president of the Company, Mr. Bowman owned 10% of the membership interests in the Advisor and AR Global indirectly owned the other 90% of the membership interests in the Advisor. James L. Nelson, the Company’s chief executive officer and president, holds a non-controlling profit interest in the Advisor and Property Manager. Mr. Nelson was appointed the Company's chief executive officer and president, effective as of August 8, 2017.
The Company is the sole general partner of the OP. The Advisor, the Service Provider, the Special Limited Partner and individual investors all previously held OP Units, however on April 1, 2017, the remaining 181,841 OP Units which were held by individual members and employees of AR Global, were converted into Common Stock. There were no OP Units held by anyone other than the Company outstanding as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The OP made cash distributions to partners other than the Company of $0.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2017.
In addition, in connection with the OPP, the Company paid $0.1 million and $0.3 million in distributions related to LTIP Units during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, which are included in accumulated deficit in the consolidated statement of changes in equity. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had no unpaid distributions relating to LTIP Units.
Realty Capital Securities, LLC (the "Former Dealer Manager") served as the dealer manager of the Company's initial public offering, which was ongoing from October 2012 to June 2014 and, together with its affiliates, continued to provide the Company with various services through December 31, 2015. RCS Capital Corporation ("RCAP"), the parent company of the Former Dealer Manager, and certain of its affiliates that provided services to the Company, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in January 2016, prior to which it was also under common control with AR Global. In May 2016, RCAP and its affiliated debtors emerged from bankruptcy under the new name of Aretec Group, Inc. On March 8, 2017, the creditor trust established in connection with the RCAP bankruptcy filed suit against AR Global, the Advisor, advisors of other entities sponsored by AR Global, and AR Global's principals. The suit alleges, among other things, certain breaches of duties to RCAP. The Company is not named in the suit, nor are there any allegations related to the services the Advisor provides to the Company. On May 26, 2017, the defendants moved to dismiss. On November 30, 2017, the Court issued an opinion partially granting the defendants’ motion. On December 7, 2017, the creditor trust moved for limited reargument of the court's dismissal of its breach of fiduciary duty claim, and on January 10, 2018, the defendants filed a supplemental motion to dismiss certain claims. On April 5, 2018, the court issued an opinion denying the creditor trust's motion for reconsideration while partially granting the defendants' supplemental motion to dismiss. The Advisor has informed the Company that it believes that the suit is without merit and intends to defend against it vigorously.
Fees Paid in Connection With the Operations of the Company
On June 2, 2015 (the "Listing Date"), the Company entered into the Advisory Agreement. Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Company pays the Advisor:
(i)
a base fee of $18.0 million per annum payable in cash monthly in advance (“Minimum Base Management Fee”);
(ii)
plus a variable fee, payable monthly in advance in cash, equal to 1.25% of the cumulative net proceeds realized by the Company from the issuance of any common equity, including any common equity issued in exchange for or conversion of preferred stock or exchangeable notes, as well as, from any other issuances of common, preferred, or other forms of equity of the Company, including units of any operating partnership (“Variable Base Management Fee”); and
(iii)
an incentive fee (“Incentive Compensation”), 50% payable in cash and 50% payable in shares of Common Stock (which shares are subject to certain lock up restrictions), equal to: (a) 15% of the Company’s Core AFFO (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) per weighted-average share outstanding for the applicable period (“Core AFFO Per Share”)(1) in excess of an incentive hurdle based on an annualized Core AFFO Per Share of $2.37, plus (b) 10% of the Core AFFO Per Share in excess of an incentive hurdle of an annualized Core AFFO Per Share of $3.08. The $2.37 and $3.08 incentive hurdles are subject to annual increases of 1% to 3%. The Base Management Fee and the Incentive Compensation are each subject to an annual adjustment.
The annual aggregate amount of the Minimum Base Management Fee and Variable Base Management Fee (collectively, the “Base Management Fee”) that may be paid under the Advisory Agreement are subject to varying caps based on assets under management (“AUM”)(2), as defined in the Advisory Agreement.
_______________________________
(1) 
For purposes of the Advisory Agreement, Core AFFO per share means (i) net income adjusted for the following items (to the extent they are included in net income): (a) real estate related depreciation and amortization; (b) net income from unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures; (c) one-time costs that the Advisor deems to be non-recurring; (d) non-cash equity compensation (other than any Restricted Share Payments (as defined in the Advisory Agreement)); (e) other non-cash income and expense items; (f) non-cash dividends related to the Class B Units of the OP and certain non-cash interest expenses related to securities that are convertible to Common Stock; (g) gain (or loss) from the sale of investments; (h) impairment loss on real estate; (i) acquisition and transaction related costs; (j) straight-line rent; (k) amortization of above and below market leases assets and liabilities; (l) amortization of deferred financing costs; (m) accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on debt investments; (n) marked-to-market adjustments included in net income; (o) unrealized gain (loss) resulting from consolidation from, or deconsolidation to, equity accounting, and (p) consolidated and unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures, (ii) divided by the weighted-average outstanding shares of Common Stock on a fully-diluted basis for such period.
(2) 
For purposes of the Advisory Agreement, AUM means, for a specified period, an amount equal to (A) (i) the aggregate costs of the Company's investments (including acquisition fees and expenses) at the beginning of such period (before reserves for depreciation of bad debts, or similar non-cash reserves) plus (ii) the aggregate cost of the Company's investment at the end of such period (before reserves from depreciation or bad debts, or similar non-cash reserves) divided by (B) two (2).
Specifically, the per annum aggregate amount of the Base Management Fee and the Incentive Compensation to be paid under the Advisory Agreement is capped at (a) 1.25% of the AUM for the previous year if AUM is less than or equal to $5.0 billion; (b) 0.95% if the AUM is equal to or exceeds $15.0 billion; or (c) a percentage equal to: (A) 1.25% less (B) (i) a fraction, (x) the numerator of which is the AUM for such specified period less $5.0 billion and (y) the denominator of which is $10.0 billion multiplied by (ii) 0.30% if AUM is greater than $5.0 billion but less than $15.0 billion. The Variable Base Management Fee is also subject to reduction if there is a sale or sales of one or more Investments in a single or series of related transactions exceeding $200.0 million and a special dividend(s) related thereto is paid to stockholders.
Property Management Fees
The Property Manager provides property management and leasing services for properties owned by the Company, for which the Company pays fees equal to: (i) with respect to stand-alone, single-tenant net leased properties which are not part of a shopping center, 2.0% of gross revenues from the properties managed and (ii) with respect to all other types of properties, 4.0% of gross revenues from the properties managed.
For services related to overseeing property management and leasing services provided by any person or entity that is not an affiliate of the Property Manager, the Company pays the Property Manager an oversight fee equal to 1.0% of gross revenues of the property managed. This oversight fee is no longer applicable to 12 of the Company's properties which became subject to a separate property management agreement with the Property Manager in October 2017 on otherwise identical terms to the existing property management agreement, which remained applicable to all other properties.
Solely with respect to the Company's investments in properties located in Europe, prior to the effectiveness of the termination of the Service Provider in March 2017, the Service Provider received, from the Advisor, a portion of the fees payable to the Advisor equal to: (i) with respect to single-tenant net leased properties which are not part of a shopping center, 1.75% of the gross revenues from such properties and (ii) with respect to all other types of properties, 3.5% of the gross revenues from such properties. The Property Manager was paid 0.25% of the gross revenues from European single-tenant net leased properties which are not part of a shopping center and 0.5% of the gross revenues from all other types of properties, reflecting a split of the oversight fee with the Service Provider. Following the termination of the Service Provider, the Service Provider no longer receives any amounts from the Advisor. For additional information, see Note 1 — Organization.
The following table reflects related party fees incurred, forgiven and contractually due as of and for the periods presented:
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
(Receivable) Payable as of
 
(In thousands)
 
Incurred
 
Forgiven
 
Incurred
 
Forgiven
 
Incurred
 
Forgiven
 
Incurred
 
Forgiven
 
June 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
One-time fees and reimbursements:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fees on gain from sale of investments
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 

 
$

 
$

 
$
49

(2) 
$
49

(2) 
Ongoing fees (5):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset management fees (1)
 
5,658

 

 
5,207

 

 
11,315

 

 
10,397

 

 

 
240

(2) 
Property management fees
 
1,132

 

 
1,126

 
620

 
2,303

 

 
2,223

 
1,177

 

(2) (3) 
59

(2) (3) 
Total related party operational fees and reimbursements
 
$
6,790

 
$

 
$
6,333

 
$
620

 
$
13,618

 
$

 
$
12,620

 
$
1,177

 
$
49

 
$
348

(4) 
___________________________________________________________________________
(1) 
The Advisor, in accordance with the Advisory Agreement, received asset management fees in cash equal to one quarter of the annual Minimum Base Management Fee for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, and, the Variable Base Management Fee of $1.1 million and $2.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. The Variable Base Management Fee was $0.7 million and $1.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively. No Incentive Compensation was earned for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.
(2) 
Balance included within due to related parties on the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.
(3) 
Prepaid property management fees of zero and $0.2 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 are not included in the table above and are included in the prepaid expenses and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
(4) 
In addition, as of December 31, 2017 due to related parties includes $0.3 million of costs accrued for Global II Advisor, $0.1 million of costs accrued for transfer agent fees and $0.1 million of costs relating to RCS Advisory (as defined below), all of which are not reflected in the table above.
(5) 
In order to improve operating cash flows and the ability to pay dividends from operating cash flows, the Advisor may forgive certain fees including asset management and property management fees. Because the Advisor may forgive certain fees, cash flow from operations that would have been paid to the Advisor may be available to pay dividends to stockholders. The fees that may be forgiven are not deferrals and accordingly, will not be paid to the Advisor at any point in the future.
Professional Fees and Other Reimbursements
The Company reimburses the Advisor's costs of providing administrative services, subject to the limitation that the Company will not reimburse the Advisor for any amount by which the Company's operating expenses (including the asset management fee) at the end of the four preceding fiscal quarters exceeds the greater of (a) 2.0% of average invested assets and (b) 25.0% of net income. Additionally, the Company reimburses the Advisor for expenses of the Advisor and its affiliates incurred on behalf of the Company, except for those expenses that are specifically the responsibility of the Advisor under the Advisory Agreement, such as fees and compensation paid to the Service Provider prior to its termination and the Advisor's overhead expenses, rent and travel expenses, professional services fees incurred with respect to the Advisor for the operation of its business, insurance expenses (other than with respect to the Company's directors and officers) and information technology expenses. No reimbursement was incurred from the Advisor for providing services during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.
In certain instances, to improve the Company's working capital, the Advisor may elect to absorb a portion of the Company's general and administrative costs or property operating expenses. These absorbed costs are presented net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, there were no property operating and general administrative expenses absorbed by the Advisor.
Fees Paid in Connection with the Liquidation of the Company's Real Estate Assets
In connection with any sale or transaction involving any investment, subject to the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Company will pay to the Advisor a fee in connection with net gain recognized by the Company in connection with the sale or transaction (the "Gain Fee") unless the proceeds of such transaction or series of transactions are reinvested in one or more investments within 180 days thereafter. The Gain Fee is calculated at the end of each month and paid, to the extent due, with the next installment of the Base Management Fee. The Gain Fee is calculated by aggregating all of the gains and losses from the preceding month. During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company reinvested proceeds of $30.3 million and sold one property which resulted in the Gain Fee due to the Advisor of $0.6 million. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Gain Fee due to the Advisor was approximately $49,000. There was no Gain Fee for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018.
Acquired Related Party Receivable
On December 16, 2016, Global II entered into a letter agreement (the “Letter Agreement”) with American Realty Capital Global II Advisors, LLC (“Global II Advisor”), and AR Global, the parent of the Global II Advisor, pursuant to which the Global II Advisor agreed to reimburse Global II $6.3 million in organization and offering costs incurred by Global II in its IPO (the “Global II IPO”) that exceeded 2.0% of gross offering proceeds in the Global II IPO (the “Excess Amount”). Global II's IPO was suspended in November 2015 and lapsed in accordance with its terms in August 2016. The Letter Agreement was negotiated on behalf of Global II, and approved, by the independent directors of Global II.
The Letter Agreement provided for reimbursement of the Excess Amount to Global II through (1) the tender of 66,344 Class B Units of limited partnership interest of Global II’s OP ("Global II Class B Units"), previously issued to the Global II Advisor for its provision of asset management services, and (2) the payment of the balance of the Excess Amount in equal cash installments over an eight-month period. The value of the Excess Amount was determined using a valuation for each Global II Class B Unit based on 2.27 times the 30-day volume weighted-average price of each share of Common Stock on the date of the Merger.
Upon consummation of the Merger, Class B Units were tendered to the Company and the balance of the excess amount of $5.1 million is payable in eight equal monthly installments beginning on January 15, 2017. Such receivable was acquired by the Company in the Merger. During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company received $3.9 million in payments with respect to the excess organization and offering costs incurred by Global II. As of December 31, 2017, the Company had received the full amount of payments with respect to the excess organization and offering costs incurred by Global II.