Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
6 Months Ended | ||||||
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Jun. 30, 2022 | |||||||
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||
Nature of Operations | Nature of Operations
Dream Homes & Development Corporation is a regional builder and developer of new single-family homes and subdivisions, as well as a market leader in coastal construction, elevation and mitigation. In the ten years that have passed since Superstorm Sandy flooded 40,000 owner-occupied homes, Dream Homes has helped hundreds of homeowners to rebuild or raise their homes to comply with new FEMA requirements.
In addition to the coastal construction market, Dream Homes will continue to pursue opportunities in new single and multi-family home construction, with 4 new developments totaling 330 units in title, or under contract and in development. Dream Homes’ operations will include the development and sale of a variety of residential communities, including construction of semi-custom homes, entry-level and first time move-up single-family and multi-family homes.
A new trend in the real estate market which has experienced significant growth in the last year is the emerging Build To Lease trend. This focus and concentration on building both single and multi-family developments with the intention to lease them immediately upon completion is being made in response to several factors. One factor is the extreme shortage of rental properties on the market, not only for first time homemakers, but for retirees, and young professionals who are unclear as to the intentions of settling in one location. The second factor is the overall lender and funding source preference to lend to Build To Lease developments, as opposed to more traditional Build To Sell developments due to the perception of Build To Lease as a safer investment over the long term. Finally, the extraordinary amount of interest from non-traditional sources such as pension and hedge funds, insurance companies and venture capital firms to purchase completed new For Lease developments at attractive metrics based on capitalization rates has spurred a large growth in this market segment.
The Company has made the decision to change focus in their new home developments to better accommodate this growing trend. Currently all new multi-family developments located in Ocean and Gloucester counties, which represent a total count of 218 units, will be changed from Build For Sale to Build for Lease. The Company now intends to hold these properties upon completion and lease-up for an indeterminate period of time, and realize the rental income from ownership. This strategy will become a very significant revenue stream for the Company and will become a third division of the Company, behind custom new homes and renovation/elevation projects.
History
Dream Homes & Development Corporation was originally incorporated as The Virtual Learning Company, Inc. (“Virtual Learning”) on January 6, 2009 as a Nevada corporation with 75,000,000 shares of capital stock authorized, of which shares are common shares ($ par value), and shares are preferred shares ($ par value).
On March 14, 2017, Virtual Learning changed its name to Dream Homes & Development Corporation (“DHDC”). DHDC maintains a web site at www.dreamhomesltd.com as well as a blog, located at http://blog.dreamhomesltd.com.
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Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DHDC and its wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
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Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over an estimated useful life of five years. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred, and renewals and betterments are capitalized.
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Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that we would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. In determining fair value, GAAP establishes a three-level hierarchy used in measuring fair value, as follows:
● Level 1 inputs are quoted prices available for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
● Level 2 inputs are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
● Level 3 inputs are less observable and reflect our own assumptions.
Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses and loans payable to related parties. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and loans payable to related parties approximates fair value because of their short maturities.
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Construction Contracts | Construction Contracts
Revenue recognition:
The Company recognizes construction contract revenue using the percentage-of-completion method, based primarily on contract cost incurred to date compared to total estimated contract cost. Cost of revenue includes an allocation of depreciation, amortization and general overhead cost. Changes to total estimated contract cost or losses, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined.
The Company generally provides limited warranties for work performed under its construction contracts with periods typically extending for a limited duration following substantial completion of the Company’s work on a project.
The Company classifies construction-related receivables and payables that may be settled in periods exceeding one year from the balance sheet date, if any, as current assets and liabilities consistent with the length of time of its project operating cycle. For example:
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings result when either: 1) costs are incurred related to certain claims and unapproved change orders, or 2) the appropriate contract revenue amount has been recognized in accordance with the percentage-of-completion accounting method, but a portion of the revenue recorded cannot be billed currently due to the billing terms defined in the contract. Claims occur when there is a dispute regarding both a change in the scope of work and the price associated with that change. Unapproved change orders occur when there is a dispute regarding only the price associated with a change in scope of work. For both claims and unapproved change orders, the Company recognizes revenue, but not profit, when it is determined that recovery of incurred cost is probable and the amounts can be reliably estimated.
Change in Estimates:
The Company’s estimates of contract revenue and cost are highly detailed and many factors change during a contract performance period that result in a change to contract profitability. These factors include, but are not limited to, differing site conditions: availability of skilled contract labor: performance of major material suppliers and subcontractors: on-going subcontractor negotiations and buyout provisions: unusual weather conditions: changes in the timing of scheduled work: change orders: accuracy of the original bid estimate: changes in estimated labor productivity and costs based on experience to date: achievement of incentive-based income targets: and the expected, or actual, resolution terms for claims. The factors that cause changes in estimates vary depending on the maturation of the project within its lifecycle. For example, in the ramp-up phase, these factors typically consist of revisions in anticipated project costs and during the peak and close-out phases, these factors include the impact of change orders and claims as well as additional revisions in remaining anticipated project costs. Generally, if the contract is at an early stage of completion, the current period impact is smaller than if the same change in estimate is made to the contract at a later stage of completion. Management focuses on evaluating the performance of contracts individually and uses the cumulative catch-up method to account for revisions in estimates. Material changes in estimates are disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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Income Taxes | Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax reporting purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the provision for income tax in the statements of operations. The Company evaluates the probability of realizing the future benefits of its deferred tax assets and provides a valuation allowance when realization of the assets is not reasonably assured.
The Company recognizes in its financial statements the impact of tax positions that meet a “more likely than not” threshold, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
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Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share |
Basic net income (basic net loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period.
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Accounting Standards Codification “ASC” Topic 606). The purpose of this ASU is to converge revenue recognition requirements per GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The amendments in this ASU were originally effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption not permitted by the FASB; however, in August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date after public comment respondents supported a proposal to delay the effective date of this ASU to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. We adopted this ASU on January 1, 2018 and adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” and subsequent amendments to the initial guidance: ASU 2017-13, ASU 2018-10, ASU 2018-11, ASU 2018-20 and ASU 2019-01 (collectively, “Topic 842”), which provides guidance for accounting for leases. Topic 842 requires lessees to classify leases as either finance or operating leases and to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term greater than 12 months regardless of the lease classification. The lease classification will determine whether the lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest rate method or on a straight line basis over the term of the lease. We adopted this ASU on January 1, 2019 and adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Certain other accounting pronouncements have been issued by the FASB and other standard setting organizations which are not yet effective and therefore have not yet been adopted by the Company. The impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations from adoption of these standards is not expected to be material. |