Income Taxes |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Taxes |
Income (loss) before income taxes includes the results from domestic and international operations as follows:
The components of income tax expense were as follows:
The reconciliation of income taxes calculated at the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the Company’s provision for income taxes was as follows:
On January 2, 2013, the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 retroactively extended the tax credit for research and experimentation expenses through December 31, 2013. The Company has reflected the 2012 credit in its 2013 tax provision, resulting in a benefit of $1.8 million.
The components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities and the classification of deferred tax balances on the balance sheet were as follows (1):
The deferred tax asset for federal tax credit carryforwards as of December 31, 2015 relates to foreign tax credit carryforwards that expire between 2018 and 2025. A valuation allowance of $28.9 million has been established against these deferred tax assets. The deferred tax asset for state net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards as of December 31, 2015 includes state net operating loss carryforwards (net of federal tax impact) of $16.2 million, which begin to expire in 2016, and state tax credit carryforwards (net of federal tax impact) of $0.9 million which begin to expire in 2016. A valuation allowance of $11.4 million has been established against these state income tax related deferred tax assets.
The deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2015 include foreign net operating loss carryforwards (net of federal tax impacts) of $53.0 million, which will begin to expire in 2016. Certain of these foreign net operating loss carryforwards are subject to local restrictions limiting their utilization. Valuation allowances of $45.5 million have been established related to these foreign net operating loss carryforwards. In addition to the valuation allowances detailed above, the Company has also established a valuation allowance of $15.8 million against other deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2015, a deferred tax liability of $7.9 million has been established to reflect the U.S. federal and state tax cost associated with the planned repatriation of that portion of the Company’s undistributed foreign earnings that are not considered to be permanently reinvested in foreign operations. The remaining amount of undistributed earnings from foreign subsidiaries for which no incremental U.S. income taxes have been provided was $546.6 million as of December 31, 2015 as these earnings are considered to be permanently reinvested in foreign operations. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred income tax liability related to these earnings is not practicable. The following table reflects a reconciliation of the beginning and end of period amounts of gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties:
The Company’s liability for unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective tax rate in future periods was $47.2 million as of December 31, 2015. The Company operates in numerous jurisdictions worldwide and is subject to routine tax audits on a regular basis. The determination of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits involves significant management judgment regarding interpretation of relevant facts and tax laws in each of these jurisdictions. Unrecognized tax benefits are reviewed and evaluated on an ongoing basis and may be adjusted for changing facts and circumstances including the lapse of applicable statutes of limitation and closure of tax examinations. Although the timing and outcome of such events are difficult to predict, the Company reasonably estimates that the balance of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding the impact of accrued interest and penalties, may be reduced by up to $16.0 million within the next twelve months. The Company provides for interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had accrued $7.9 million and $8.3 million, respectively, for interest and penalties. During the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the net expense (credit) for interest and penalties recognized through income tax expense was $(0.5) million, $(4.6) million and $1.9 million, respectively. During 2014, the Company concluded an examination by the Internal Revenue Service of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax return for 2010, as well as amended returns for 2007 and 2008. The Company files state and local tax returns in multiple jurisdictions with statutes of limitation generally ranging from 3 to 4 years. The Company is generally no longer subject to state and local tax examinations for years prior to 2010. Tax returns filed by the Company’s significant foreign subsidiaries are generally subject to statutes of limitations of 3 to 7 years and are generally no longer subject to examination for years prior to 2010. In many jurisdictions, tax authorities retain the ability to review prior years’ tax returns and to adjust any net operating loss or tax credit carryforwards from these years that are available to be utilized in subsequent periods. During 2015, the Company recognized $4.6 million related to the lapse of applicable statutes of limitations and the conclusion of various domestic and foreign examinations. The following table presents income tax expense (benefit) related to amounts presented in other comprehensive income (loss):
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