Restructuring

In 2016, the Company launched a restructuring initiative that involved modifications to the organizational structure of the Company and is expected to result in reduced employee costs and operating expenses primarily through a voluntary buyout program offered to certain employees. The year ended December 31, 2016 also included the impact of elimination of distribution of certain channels in certain territories. Restructuring activities in 2015 and 2014 primarily related to severance charges and other exit costs associated with the elimination of certain positions across the Company and the elimination of distribution in certain territories.

The following table summarizes the restructuring expense recognized by operating segment:



	Year Ended December 31, 2016		Year Ended December 31, 2015		Year Ended December 31, 2014
National Networks	$	8,516	$	3,194	$	3,664
International & Other	20,987		11,804		12,051
Total restructuring expense	$	29,503	$	14,998	$	15,715

Restructuring expense in the International and Other segment includes corporate headquarter related charges.

The following table summarizes the accrued restructuring costs:



	Severance and Employee-Related Costs			Other Exit Costs			Total
Balance at December 31, 2014	$	6,525		$	885		$	7,410
Charges	11,189			3,809			14,998
Cash payments	(8,113		)	(396		)	(8,509		)
Non-cash adjustments	—			(3,530		)	(3,530		)
Currency translation	(103		)	(256		)	(359		)
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	9,498		$	512		$	10,010
Charges	23,557			5,946			29,503
Cash payments	(20,871		)	(935		)	(21,806		)
Non-cash adjustments	12			(5,315		)	(5,303		)
Currency translation	(90		)	(3		)	(93		)
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	12,106		$	205		$	12,311

Accrued liabilities for restructuring costs are included in accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2016.