XML 58 R29.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.6.0.2
Related Party Transactions and Arrangements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions and Arrangements
Related Party Transactions and Arrangements
Prior to January 8, 2014, the Former Manager managed the Company’s affairs on a day-to-day basis, with the exception of certain acquisition, accounting and portfolio management services performed by employees of the Company. In August 2013, the Company’s board of directors determined that it was in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders to become self-managed, and the Company transitioned to self-management on January 8, 2014. In connection with becoming self-managed, the General Partner terminated the management agreement with the Former Manager and the General Partner and the OP entered into employment and incentive compensation arrangements with certain former executives.
In 2014, the Company and ARCT IV incurred commissions, fees and expenses payable to the Former Manager and its affiliates including Realty Capital Securities, LLC (“RCS”), RCS Advisory Services, LLC (“RCS Advisory”), AR Capital, LLC (“ARC”), ARC Advisory Services, LLC (“ARC Advisory”), American Realty Capital Advisors IV, LLC (the “ARCT IV Advisor”), American National Stock Transfer, LLC (“ANST”) and ARC Real Estate Partners, LLC (“ARC Real Estate”). As a result of the departures of certain officers and directors in December 2014, the Former Manager and its affiliates are no longer affiliated with the Company.
The Audit Committee Investigation identified certain payments made by the Company to the Former Manager and its affiliates that were not sufficiently documented or that otherwise warranted scrutiny. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had recovered consideration valued at $8.5 million in respect of such payments. The Company is considering whether it has a right to seek recovery for any other such payments and, if so, its alternatives for seeking recovery. The Company believes it has potential claims against recipients of certain OP Units and has engaged in discussions with affiliates of the Former Manager regarding pending redemption requests. Prior to any resolution, the Company does not currently intend to satisfy any of the redemption requests. See Note 16 – Equity for further discussion. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, no asset has been recognized in the accompanying consolidated financial statements related to any potential recovery.
The following table summarizes the related party fees and expenses incurred by the Company and ARCT IV by category and the aggregate amounts contained in such categories for the period presented (in thousands). During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, there were no transactions with the Former Manager or any of the Former Manager’s affiliates.
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2014
Expenses and capitalized costs:
 
 
Offering related costs
 
$
2,150

Acquisition related expenses
 
1,652

Litigation, merger and other non-routine costs, net of insurance recoveries
 
137,778

Management fees to affiliates
 
13,888

General and administrative expenses
 
16,089

Indirect affiliate expenses
 
10,975

Total

$
182,532


The following sections below further expand on the summarized related party transactions listed above. Unless otherwise indicated, all of the related party fees and expenses discussed below were incurred and recognized during the year ended December 31, 2014. No such expenses were incurred during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.
Offering Related Costs
The Company and ARCT IV recorded commissions, fees and offering cost reimbursements for services provided to the Company, and ARCT IV, as applicable, by affiliates of the Former Manager during the period indicated (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2014
Offering related costs
 
 
Offering costs and other reimbursements
 
$
2,150


RCS served as the dealer-manager of ARCT IV’s initial public offering and received fees and compensation in connection with those transactions. RCS received a selling commission of 7% of gross offering proceeds before reallowance of commissions earned by participating broker-dealers and 3% of the gross proceeds from the sale of common stock, before reallowance to participating broker-dealers, as a dealer manager fee in each of the initial public offerings. In addition, the Company reimbursed RCS for services relating to the Company’s at-the-market equity program during 2014. Offering related costs are included in offering costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of changes in equity.
Acquisition Related Expenses
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company paid a fee of $1.0 million (equal to 0.25% of the contract purchase price) to RCS for strategic advisory services related to the Company’s acquisition of certain properties from Fortress Investment Group LLC and $0.6 million (equal to 0.25% of the contract purchase price) to RCS related to the Company’s acquisition of certain properties from Inland American Real Estate Trust, Inc.
Litigation, Merger and Other Non-Routine Costs, Net of Insurance Recoveries
The Company and ARCT IV incurred fees and expenses payable to the Former Manager and its affiliates for services related to mergers and other non-routine transactions, as discussed below.
The table below shows fees and expenses attributable to each merger and other non-routine transaction during the year ended December 31, 2014 (in thousands).
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2014
 
 
ARCT IV Merger
 
Internalization and Other
 
Cole Merger
 
Multi-tenant Spin Off
 
Total
Merger related costs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic advisory services
 
$
8,400

 
$

 
$
17,115

 
$
1,750

 
$
27,265
 
Personnel costs and other reimbursements
 

 

 
72

 

 
72
 
Litigation and other non-routine costs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Post-transaction support services
 
1,352

 
10,000

 

 

 
11,352
 
Subordinated distribution fees
 
78,244

 

 

 

 
78,244
 
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
 
5,800

 
10,000

 

 

 
15,800
 
Personnel costs and other reimbursements
 
417

 

 
1,728

 

 
2,145
 
Other fees and expenses
 

 

 
2,900

 

 
2,900
 
Total
 
$
94,213

 
$
20,000

 
$
21,815

 
$
1,750

 
$
137,778
 

Merger Related Costs
ARCT IV Merger
Pursuant to ARCT IV’s advisory agreement with the ARCT IV Advisor, ARCT IV agreed to pay the ARCT IV Advisor a brokerage commission on the sale of property in connection with the ARCT IV Merger. At the time of the ARCT IV Merger, ARCT IV paid $8.4 million to the ARCT IV Advisor in connection with this agreement. These commissions were included in litigation, merger and other non-routine costs, net of insurance recoveries in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2014.
Cole Merger
The Company entered into an agreement with RCS under which RCS agreed to provide strategic and financial advisory services to the Company in connection with the Cole Merger. The Company agreed to pay a fee equal to 0.25% of the transaction value upon the consummation of the transaction and reimburse out of pocket expenses. The Company incurred and recognized $14.2 million in expense from this agreement in the year ended December 31, 2014.
Pursuant to the transaction management services agreement, dated December 9, 2013, the Company and the OP paid RCS Advisory an aggregate fee of $2.9 million on January 8, 2014, in connection with providing the following services: transaction management support related to the Cole Merger up to the date of the transaction management services agreement and ongoing transaction management support, marketing support, due diligence coordination and event coordination up to the date of the termination of the transaction management services agreement. The transaction management services agreement expired on the consummation of the Company’s transition to self-management on January 8, 2014.
Multi-tenant Spin-off
The Company entered into an agreement with RCS, under which RCS agreed to provide strategic and financial advisory services to the Company in connection with a spin-off of the Company’s multi-tenant shopping center business. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company incurred $1.8 million of such fees, which are included in litigation, merger and other non-routine costs, net of insurance recoveries in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Other Non-Routine Transactions
Post-Transaction Support Services
In connection with its entry into the ARCT IV Merger Agreement, ARCT IV agreed to pay additional asset management fees, which totaled $1.3 million, net of credits received from affiliates during the year ended December 31, 2014.
Effective January 8, 2014, the Former Manager agreed to provide certain transition services, including accounting support, acquisition support, investor relations support, public relations support, human resources and administration, general human resources duties, payroll services, benefits services, insurance and risk management, information technology, telecommunications and Internet and services relating to office supplies. The Company paid $10.0 million to the Former Manager on January 8, 2014. This arrangement was in effect for a 60-day term beginning on January 8, 2014.
ARCT IV Merger Subordinated Distribution Fee
On January 3, 2014, the OP entered into a contribution and exchange agreement with the ARCT IV OP, American Realty Capital Trust IV Special Limited Partner, LLC (the “ARCT IV Special Limited Partner”) and ARC Real Estate. The ARCT IV Special Limited Partner was entitled to receive certain distributions from the ARCT IV OP, including the subordinated distribution of net sales proceeds resulting from an “investment liquidity event” (as defined in the agreement of limited partnership of the ARCT IV OP). The ARCT IV Merger constituted an “investment liquidity event,” due to the attainment of the 6.0% performance hurdle and the return to ARCT IV’s stockholders of $358.3 million in addition to their initial investment. Pursuant to the contribution and exchange agreement, the ARCT IV Special Limited Partner contributed its interest in the ARCT IV OP, inclusive of the$78.2 million of subordinated distribution proceeds received, to the ARCT IV OP in exchange for 2.8 million ARCT IV OP Units. Upon consummation of the ARCT IV Merger, these ARCT IV OP Units were immediately converted into 6.7 million OP Units after application of the applicable ARCT IV Exchange Ratio. In conjunction with the ARCT IV Merger Agreement, the ARCT IV Special Limited Partner agreed to hold its OP Units for a minimum of two years before converting them into shares of the Company’s Common Stock.
Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment and Other Assets
The Company entered into three agreements with affiliates of the Former Manager and the Former Manager (the “Sellers”), as applicable, pursuant to which, the Sellers sold the OP certain furniture, fixtures and equipment and other assets (“FF&E”) used by the Sellers in connection with managing the property-level business and operations and accounting functions of the Company and the OP. The Company incurred and recorded $15.8 million to purchase the FF&E and other assets during the year ended December 31, 2014. The Company has concluded that there was no evidence of the receipt and it could not support the value of the FF&E and other assets. As such, the Company expensed the amount originally capitalized and recognized the expense in litigation, merger and other non-routine costs, net of insurance recoveries during the fourth quarter of 2014.
Personnel Costs and Other Reimbursements
The Company and ARCT IV incurred expenses of and paid $1.4 million to RCS Advisory, $0.6 million to ANST and $0.1 million to RCS for personnel costs and reimbursements in connection with non-recurring transactions during the year ended December 31, 2014.
Other Fees and Expenses
In connection with the closing of the Cole Merger, the Company paid $2.9 million to RCS Advisory during the year ended December 31, 2014.
Management Fees to Affiliates
The Company and ARCT IV recorded fees and reimbursements for services provided by the Former Manager and its affiliates related to the operations of the Company and ARCT IV during the year ended December 31, 2014 (in thousands). No such fees were incurred during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2014
Management fees to affiliates:
 
 
Asset management fees
 
$
13,888


Asset Management Fees
ARCT IV
In connection with the asset management services provided by the ARCT IV Advisor, ARCT IV issued (subject to periodic approval by ARCT IV’s board of directors) to the ARCT IV Advisor performance-based restricted partnership units of the ARCT IV OP designated as “ARCT IV Class B Units,” which were intended to be profit interests and to vest, and no longer be subject to forfeiture, at such time as: (x) the value of the ARCT IV OP’s assets plus all distributions equaled or exceeded the total amount of capital contributed by investors plus a 6.0% cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return thereon (the “economic hurdle”); (y) any one of the following occurs: (1) the termination of the advisory agreement by an affirmative vote of a majority of the Company’s independent directors without cause; (2) a listing; or (3) another liquidity event; and (z) the ARCT IV Advisor was still providing advisory services to ARCT IV.
The calculation of the ARCT IV asset management fees was equal to: (i) 0.1875% of the cost of ARCT IV’s assets; divided by (ii) the value of one share of ARCT IV common stock as of the last day of such calendar quarter. When approved by the board of directors, the ARCT IV Class B Units were issued to the ARCT IV Advisor quarterly in arrears pursuant to the terms of the ARCT IV Operating Partnership agreement. During the year ended December 31, 2013, ARCT IV’s board of directors approved the issuance of 492,483 ARCT IV Class B Units to the ARCT IV Advisor in connection with this arrangement. As of December 31, 2013, ARCT IV did not consider achievement of the performance condition to be probable and no expense was recorded at that time. The ARCT IV Advisor received distributions on unvested ARCT IV Class B Units equal to the distribution rate received on the ARCT IV common stock. The performance condition related to the 498,857 ARCT IV Class B Units, which includes units issued for the period of January 1, 2014 through the ARCT IV Merger Date, was satisfied upon the completion of the ARCT IV Merger. These ARCT IV Class B Units immediately converted into OP Units at the 2.3961 exchange ratio and the Company recorded an expense of $13.9 million based on the fair value of the ARCT IV Class B Units during the year ended December 31, 2014. No expense was recognized during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.
General and Administrative Expenses
The Company and ARCT IV recorded general and administrative expenses as shown in the table below for services provided by the Former Manager and its affiliates related to the operations of the Company and ARCT IV during the period indicated (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2014
General and administrative expenses:
 
 
Advisory fees and reimbursements
 
$
2,015

Equity awards
 
14,074

Total
 
$
16,089


Advisory Fees and Reimbursements
The Company and ARCT IV agreed to pay certain fees and reimbursements during the year ended December 31, 2014 to the Former Manager and its affiliates, as applicable, for their out-of-pocket costs, including without limitation, legal fees and expenses, due diligence fees and expenses, other third party fees and expenses, costs of appraisals, travel expenses, nonrefundable option payments and deposits on properties not acquired, accounting fees and expenses, title insurance premiums and other closing costs, personnel costs and miscellaneous expenses relating to the selection, acquisition and due diligence of properties or general operation of the Company. During the year ended December 31, 2014, these expenses totaled $2.0 million. No such expenses were incurred during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.
Equity Awards
Upon consummation of the ARCT III Merger, the Company entered into the OPP with the Former Manager. The OPP gave the Former Manager the opportunity to earn compensation upon the attainment of certain stockholder value creation targets. During the year ended December 31, 2014, $1.6 million was recorded in general and administrative expenses as equity-based compensation relating to the change in total return to stockholders used in computing the number of LTIP units earned between December 31, 2013 and January 8, 2014.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company granted 796,075 restricted share awards to employees of affiliates of the Former Manager as compensation for certain services and 87,702 restricted stock awards to two directors who were affiliates of the Former Manager. The grant date fair value of the awards of $12.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 was recorded in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. No such expenses or grants were made to employees of affiliates of the Former Manager during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.
Indirect Affiliate Expenses
The Company incurred fees and expenses payable to affiliates of the Former Manager or payable to a third party on behalf of affiliates of the Former Manager for amenities related to certain buildings, as explained below. These expenses are depicted in the table below for the year ended December 31, 2014 (in thousands). No such expenses were incurred during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2014
Indirect affiliate expenses:
 
 
Audrain building
 
$
8,724

ANST office build-out
 
462

New York (405 Park Ave.) office
 
1,659

Dresher, PA office
 
92

North Carolina office
 
38

Total
 
$
10,975


Audrain Building
During the year ended December 31, 2013, a wholly owned subsidiary of ARC Real Estate purchased a historic building in Newport, Rhode Island (“Audrain”) with plans to renovate the second floor to serve as offices for certain executives of the Company, the Former Manager and affiliates of the Former Manager. An affiliate of the Former Manager requested that invoices relating to the second floor renovation and tenant improvements and all building operating expenses either be reimbursed by the Company to ARC Advisory or be paid directly to the contractors and vendors. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company incurred $8.7 million for tenant improvements and furniture and fixtures relating to the renovation directly to third parties.
In addition, on October 4, 2013, the Company entered into a lease agreement with a subsidiary of ARC Real Estate for a term of 15 years with annual base rent of $0.4 million requiring monthly payments beginning on that date. As there were tenants occupying the building when it was purchased, these tenants subleased their premises from the Company until their leases terminated. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company incurred and paid $0.3 million for base rent, which was partially offset by $17,000 of rental revenue received from the subtenants. No rental revenue was received during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.
As a result of findings of the Audit Committee Investigation, the Company terminated this lease agreement and was reimbursed for the tenant improvements and furniture costs incurred by the Company, totaling $8.5 million, during the year ended December 31, 2014. Reimbursement was made by delivery and retirement of 916,423 OP Units held by an affiliate of the Former Manager. The Company never moved into or occupied the building.
American National Stock Transfer, LLC Office Build-out
During the year ended December 31, 2014, as a result of the Cole Merger, the Company worked to develop a partnership with ANST. Plans were made to move ANST to part of the Cole Capital office building in 2014. In order to accommodate the ANST employees, the Cole Capital office building was remodeled. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company paid $0.5 million directly to third parties for leasehold improvements and furniture and fixtures relating to the renovation.
ANST never moved into the building. The Company is considering its options with regard to recovery of such payments, although no decisions have been made at this time. No asset has been recognized in the financial statements related to any potential recovery.
Shared Office Space
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company paid $1.8 million to an affiliate of the Former Manager for rent, leasehold improvements and furniture and fixtures related to offices in New York, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina where certain of the Company’s employees shared office space with an affiliate of the Former Manager. The Company no longer occupies the office space.
Additional Related Party Transactions
The following related party transactions were not included in the tables above.
Tax Protection Agreement
The Company is party to a tax protection agreement with ARC Real Estate, which contributed its 100% indirect ownership interests in 63 of the Company’s properties to the Operating Partnership in the formation transactions related to the Company’s initial public offering. Pursuant to the tax protection agreement, the Company has agreed to indemnify ARC Real Estate for its tax liabilities (plus an additional amount equal to the taxes incurred as a result of such indemnity payment) attributable to its built-in gain, as of the closing of the formation transactions, with respect to its interests in the contributed properties (other than two vacant properties contributed), if the Company sells, conveys, transfers or otherwise disposes of all or any portion of these interests in a taxable transaction on or prior to September 6, 2021. The sole and exclusive rights and remedies of ARC Real Estate under the tax protection agreement will be a claim against the Operating Partnership for ARC Real Estate’s tax liabilities as calculated in the tax protection agreement, and ARC Real Estate shall not be entitled to pursue a claim for specific performance or bring a claim against any person that acquires a protected property from the Operating Partnership in violation of the tax protection agreement.

Investment from the ARCT IV Special Limited Partner
In connection with the ARCT IV Merger, the ARCT IV Special Limited Partner invested $0.8 million in the ARCT IV OP and was subsequently issued 79,870 OP Units in respect thereof upon the closing of the ARCT IV Merger after giving effect to the ARCT IV Exchange Ratio. This investment is included in non-controlling interests in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Investment in an Affiliate of the Former Manager
During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company invested $10.0 million in a real estate fund advised by an affiliate of the Former Manager, American Real Estate Income Fund, which invests primarily in equity securities of other publicly traded REITs, and subsequently reinvested dividends totaling $0.1 million in the fund. As of December 31, 2014, the Company sold substantially all of its investment, with a remaining investment value of less than $0.1 million. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company sold all of its investments in the fund.
Cole Capital
Cole Capital is contractually responsible for managing the Cole REITs’ affairs on a day-to-day basis, identifying and making acquisitions and investments on the Cole REITs’ behalf, and recommending to the respective board of directors of each of the Cole REITs an approach for providing investors with liquidity. In addition, the Company distributes the shares of common stock for certain Cole REITs and advises them regarding offerings, manages relationships with participating broker-dealers and financial advisors and provides assistance in connection with compliance matters relating to the offerings. The Company receives compensation and reimbursement for services relating to the Cole REITs’ offerings and the investment, management and disposition of their respective assets, as applicable.
Offering-Related Revenue
The Company generally receives a selling commission, dealer manager fee and/or a distribution and stockholder servicing fee based on the gross offering proceeds related to the sale of shares of the Cole REITs’ common stock in their primary offerings. The Company has reallowed 100% of selling commissions earned to participating broker-dealers. The Company, in its sole discretion, may reallow all or a portion of its dealer manager fee to such participating broker-dealers as a marketing and due diligence expense reimbursement, based on factors such as the volume of shares issued by such participating broker-dealers and the amount of marketing support provided by such participating broker-dealers. No selling commissions or dealer manager fees are paid to the Company or other broker-dealers with respect to shares issued under the respective Cole REIT’s distribution reinvestment plan, under which the stockholders may elect to have distributions reinvested in additional shares.
All other organization and offering expenses associated with the sale of the Cole REITs’ common stock are paid for in advance by the Company and subject to reimbursement by the Cole REITs, up to certain limits in accordance with their respective advisory agreements and charters. As these costs are incurred, they are recorded as reimbursement revenue, up to the respective limit, and are included in offering-related revenues in the financial results for Cole Capital. Expenses paid on behalf of the Cole REITs in excess of these limits that are expected to be collected based on future estimated offering proceeds are recorded as program development costs, which are included in rent and tenant receivables and other assets, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company assesses the collectability of the program development costs, considering the offering period and historical and forecasted sales of shares under the Cole REITs’ respective offerings and reserves for any balances considered not collectible. Additional reserves are generally recorded if actual proceeds raised from the offerings and corresponding program development costs incurred differ from management’s assumptions. During the three months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company assessed the expected collectability of the program development costs based on assumptions used to evaluate goodwill and intangible asset impairments and recorded additional reserves for uncollectible amounts of $11.1 million and $11.3 million, respectively. The Company recorded an additional reserve for uncollectible amounts of $3.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2016, related to the closing of CCIT II’s primary offering. These amounts are recorded in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operations. As of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had organization and offering costs recorded as program development costs, included in rent and tenant receivables and other assets, net in the consolidated balance sheets, of $3.2 million and $12.9 million, respectively, which were net of reserves of $31.7 million and $34.8 million, respectively.
The following table shows the offering fee summary information for the Cole REITs as of December 31, 2016:
Program
 
Selling Commissions (1)
 
Dealer Manager Fees (2)
 
Annual Distribution and Stockholder Servicing Fee (2)
 
Open Programs (3)(4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CCPT V (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Class A Shares
 
7%
 
2%
 
—%
 
Class T Shares (6)
 
3%
 
2%
 
1.0%
(7) (8) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INAV
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wrap Class Shares
 
—%
 
0.55%
(8) 
—%
 
Advisor Class Shares
 
up to 3.75%
 
0.55%
(8) 
0.5%
(8) 
Institutional Class Shares
 
—%
 
0.25%
(8) 
—%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CCIT III (5)(9)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Class A Shares
 
7%
 
2%
 
—%
 
Class T Shares
 
3%
 
2%
 
1%
(8) 
_______________________________________________
(1)
The Company reallowed 100% of selling commissions earned to participating broker-dealers during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 and 2014.
(2)
The Company may reallow all or a portion of its dealer manager fee and/or a distribution and stockholder servicing fee to participating broker-dealers as a marketing and due diligence expense reimbursement.
(3)
The Company receives selling commissions, an asset-based dealer manager fee and/or an asset-based distribution and stockholder servicing fee, all based on the net asset value for each class of common stock.
(4)
CCIT II closed its offering during the three months ended September 30, 2016. The program’s fee structure was similar to that of CCPT V.
(5)
The maximum amount of the distribution and stockholder servicing fee with respect to sales of Class T shares is 4.0% of the gross offering proceeds for CCPT V and CCIT III.
(6)
Commencing on April 29, 2016, CCPT V began offering Class T shares of common stock in addition to the class of shares of common stock previously offered (now referred to as Class A shares).
(7)
During the three months ended December 31, 2016, the annual distribution and stockholder servicing fee was amended to be 1.0%. Prior to the amendment, the distribution and stockholder servicing fee was 0.8% per annum.
(8)
Fees are accrued daily in the amount of 1/365th of a percentage of the estimated per share NAV and payable monthly in arrears. Distribution and stockholder servicing fees continue to be paid after the offering closes.
(9)
On September 22, 2016, the registration statement for the initial public offering of CCIT III was declared effective by the SEC, consisting of Class A shares of common stock and Class T shares of common stock.
Transaction Service Revenue
The Company earns acquisition fees related to the acquisition, development or construction of properties on behalf of certain of the Cole REITs. In addition, the Company is reimbursed for acquisition expenses incurred in the process of acquiring properties up to certain limits per the respective advisory agreement. The Company is not reimbursed for personnel costs in connection with services for which it receives acquisition fees or real estate commissions. In addition, the Company may earn disposition fees related to the sale of one or more properties, including those held indirectly through joint ventures, on behalf of a Cole REIT and other affiliates.
The following table shows the transaction-related fees for the Cole REITs and other real estate programs as of December 31, 2016:
Program
 
Acquisition Fees (1)
 
Disposition Fees
 
Performance Fees (2)
 
Financing Coordination Fee (3)
Open Programs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CCPT V
 
2%
 
1%
 
15%
 
INAV
 
 
 
 
CCIT III
 
2%
 
1%
 
15%
 
1%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Closed Programs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CCIT II
 
2%
 
1%
 
15%
 
CCPT IV
 
2%
 
1%
 
15%
 
Other Programs
 
Various
 
Various
 
Various
 
_______________________________________________
(1)
Percent taken on gross purchase price.
(2)
Performance fee paid only under the following circumstances: (i) if shares are listed on a national securities exchange; (ii) if the respective Cole REIT is sold or the assets are liquidated; or (iii) upon termination of the advisory agreement. In connection with such events, the performance fee will only be earned upon the return to investors of their net capital invested and a 6% annual cumulative, non-compounded return (8% in the case of CCIT II and CCPT IV).
(3)
Financing coordination fee payable for services in connection with the origination, assumption, or refinancing for any debt (other than loans advanced by the Company) to acquire properties or make other permitted investments.
Management Service Revenue
The Company earns advisory and asset and property management fees from certain Cole REITs and other real estate programs. The Company may also be reimbursed for expenses incurred in providing advisory and asset and property management services, subject to certain limitations. In addition, the Company earns a performance fee relating to INAV for any year in which the total return on stockholders’ capital exceeds 6% per annum on a calendar year basis.
The following table shows the management fees for the Cole REITs and other real estate programs as of December 31, 2016:
Program
 
Asset Management / Advisory Fees (1)
 
Performance Fees (2)
Open Programs
 
 
 
 
CCPT V
 
0.65% - 0.75%
 
INAV
 
0.90%
 
25%
CCIT III
 
0.65% - 0.75%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Closed Programs
 
 
 
 
CCIT II
 
0.65% - 0.75%
 
CCPT IV
 
0.65% - 0.75%
 
Other Programs
 
Various
 
_______________________________________________
(1)    Annualized fee based on the average monthly invested assets or net asset value, if available.
(2)    The performance fee is limited to 10% of the aggregate total return, for each class, for any individual year.
The table below reflects the revenue earned from the Cole REITs (including closed programs, as applicable) and joint ventures for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands).
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
Offering-related fees and reimbursements
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling commissions (1)
 
$
19,943

 
$
14,101

 
$
57,023

Dealer manager and distribution fees (2)
 
8,307

 
5,131

 
17,533

Reimbursement revenue
 
8,283

 
5,178

 
12,553

Offering-related fees and reimbursements
 
36,533

 
24,410


87,109

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transaction service fees and reimbursements
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition fees
 
9,733

 
18,742

 
60,426

Disposition fees (3)
 

 
4,974

 

Reimbursement revenues
 
2,800

 
2,165

 
4,284

Transaction service fees and reimbursements
 
12,533

 
25,881


64,710

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management fees and reimbursements
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset and property management fees and leasing fees
 
220

 
452

 
596

Advisory and performance fee revenue
 
51,099

 
44,948

 
40,906

Reimbursement revenues
 
17,585

 
13,843

 
8,806

Management fees and reimbursements
 
68,904

 
59,243


50,308

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income on Affiliate Lines of Credit
 
453

 
1,275

 
307

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total related party revenues(4)
 
$
118,423

 
$
110,809


$
202,434

___________________________________
(1)
The Company reallowed 100% of selling commissions earned to participating broker-dealers during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014.
(2)
During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company reallowed $3.2 million, $2.1 million and $9.2 million, respectively, of dealer manager fees and/or distribution and stockholder servicing fees to participating broker-dealers as a marketing and due diligence expense reimbursement.
(3)
The Company earned a disposition fee of $4.4 million on behalf of CCIT when CCIT merged with Select Income REIT on January 29, 2015.
(4)
Total related party revenues excludes fees earned from 1031 real estate programs of $1.4 million, $5.3 million and $1.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
Investment in the Cole REITs
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company owned aggregate equity investments of $4.7 million and $4.1 million, respectively, in the Cole REITs and other affiliated offerings. The Company accounts for these investments using the equity method of accounting which requires the investment to be initially recorded at cost and subsequently adjusted for the Company’s share of equity in the respective Cole REIT’s earnings and distributions. The Company records its proportionate share of net income (loss) from the Cole REITs in equity in income (loss) and gain on disposition of unconsolidated entities in the consolidated statements of operations. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company recognized $1.3 million of net loss, $46,000 of net income and $1.6 million of net loss, respectively, from the Cole REITs.
The table below presents certain information related to the Company’s investments in the Cole REITs as of December 31, 2016 (carrying amount in thousands):
 
 
December 31, 2016
Cole REIT
 
% of Outstanding Shares Owned
 
Carrying Amount of Investment
CCPT V
 
0.93%
 
$
1,396

INAV
 
0.08%
 
140

CCIT II
 
0.44%
 
1,259

CCIT III
 
86.72%
 
1,440

CCPT IV
 
0.01%
 
113

Funds not yet in offering
 
100.00%
 
400

 
 
 
 
$
4,748


Unconsummated Sale of Cole Capital to RCS Capital Corporation

On October 1, 2014, the Company announced that it had entered into a purchase agreement, pursuant to which RCS Capital Corporation (“RCAP”) would acquire Cole Capital for at least $700.0 million. As part of the transaction, the Company would be entitled to an earn-out of up to an additional $130.0 million based upon Cole Capital’s 2015 earnings before income taxes, depreciation and amortization. On November 3, 2014, the Company received notice from RCAP purporting to terminate the agreement. On December 4, 2014, the Company issued a press release announcing that it had entered into a settlement agreement with RCAP that resolved their dispute relating to the agreement.

The settlement included: $42.7 million in cash paid by RCAP to the Company; a $15.3 million unsecured note issued by RCAP to the Company; and a release of the Company from its obligation to pay $2.0 million to RCAP for services performed in relation to the Company’s Common Stock offering in 2014. This settlement is included in other income, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The Company and RCAP also agreed to work together to terminate, unwind or otherwise discontinue all agreements, arrangements and understandings between the two parties and any of their respective subsidiaries. See Note 8 – Mortgage Notes Receivable for further discussion on the unsecured note and the Company’s inclusion of the entire amount of the note in reserve for loan loss in 2015 in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Due to Affiliates
Due to affiliates, as reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, was $16,000 and $0.2 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, related to amounts due to the Cole REITs.
Due from Affiliates
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, $11.0 million and $10.6 million, respectively, was expected to be collected from affiliates, excluding balances from the Cole REITs’ lines of credit, discussed below, related to services provided by the Company and expenses subject to reimbursement by the Cole REITs in accordance with their respective advisory and property management agreements.
On September 23, 2016, the Company entered into a $30.0 million revolving line of credit (the “Subordinate Promissory Note”) with Cole Corporate Income Operating Partnership III, LP (“CCI III OP”), the operating partnership of CCIT III (the “Subordinate Promissory Note Agreement”) . The Subordinate Promissory Note bears variable interest rates of one month LIBOR plus the Credit Facility Margin (as defined in the Subordinate Promissory Note Agreement), which ranges from 2.20% to 2.75%, plus 1.75% and matures on September 22, 2017. As of December 31, 2016, the Subordinate Promissory Note had an interest rate of 5.12% and $10.3 million was outstanding.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had revolving line of credit agreements in place with CCIT II and CCPT V (the “Affiliate Lines of Credit”) that provided for maximum borrowings of $60.0 million to each of CCIT II and CCPT V and bore variable interest rates of one month LIBOR plus 2.20%. As of December 31, 2015, there was $50.0 million outstanding on the Affiliate Lines of Credit. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Affiliate Lines of Credit matured and no amounts were outstanding as of December 31, 2016.