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xbrli:pure
iso4217:USD
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on September 27, 2022
Securities Act File No. 333-170122
Investment Company File No. 811-22487
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
________________
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
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THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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☒ |
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Pre-Effective Amendment No.
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☐ |
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Post-Effective Amendment No. 486
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☒ |
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
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THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
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☒ |
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Amendment No. 488
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☒ |
(Check appropriate
box or boxes)
________________
DBX ETF TRUST
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
________________
875 Third Avenue
New York, New York 10022-6225
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrant’s
Telephone Number, including Area Code: (212) 454-4500
________________
Freddi Klassen
DBX ETF Trust
875 Third Avenue
New York, New York 10022-6225
(Name and Address
of Agent for Service)
Copy to: Jeremy Senderowicz, Esq.
Vedder Price P.C.
1633 Broadway, 31st Floor
New York, New York
10019
________________
It is proposed that this filing will become effective: (check appropriate
box)
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☐ |
immediately upon filing pursuant
to paragraph (b) |
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☒ |
on October 1, 2022 pursuant to paragraph
(b) |
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☐ |
60 days after filing pursuant to
paragraph (a) |
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☐ |
on ______________ pursuant to paragraph
(a) |
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☐ |
75 days after filing pursuant to
paragraph (a)(2) |
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☐ |
on ______________ pursuant to paragraph
(a)(2) of Rule 485 |
If appropriate, check the following box:
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☐ |
this post-effective amendment designates
a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment |
EXPLANATORY
NOTE
This Post-Effective Amendment contains the Prospectuses and
Statements of Additional Information relating only to the following series of the Registrant:
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Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF |
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Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF |
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Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF |
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Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF |
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF |
This Post-Effective Amendment is not intended to update or amend
any other Prospectuses or Statements of Additional Information of the Registrant’s other series.
Prospectus
October 1, 2022
Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF |
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The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Your investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.
Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the iSTOXX Developed and Emerging Markets ex USA PK VN Real Estate Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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Fee waiver/expense reimbursement |
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Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waiver |
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The Advisor has contractually agreed through September 30, 2023 to waive its fees and/or reimburse fund expenses to the extent necessary to prevent the operating expenses of the fund (excluding interest expense, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses, litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses) from exceeding 0.10% of the fund’s average daily net assets. This agreement may only be terminated by the fund’s Board (and may not be terminated by the Advisor) prior to that time.
EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year
and that the fund's operating expenses (including one year of capped expenses in each period) remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 17% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is a free-float capitalization weighted index that provides exposure to publicly traded real estate securities in countries outside the United States, excluding Pakistan and Vietnam.
Portfolio management uses a representative sampling indexing strategy in seeking to track the Underlying Index, meaning it generally will invest in a sample of securities in the index whose risk, return and other characteristics resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Underlying Index as a whole. The fund will invest at least
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 1 | Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF |
80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to the instruments that comprise the fund’s Underlying Index. The Underlying Index is composed of real estate securities including equity real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) from companies incorporated outside the United States, excluding Pakistan and Vietnam.
Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is reconstituted and rebalanced quarterly. The fund reconstitutes and rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s reconstitution and rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes in the fund’s reconstitution and rebalance schedule.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 641 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $1.443 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $3.7 million, from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Philippines, Poland, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and the United Kingdom. The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in real estate securities of issuers from countries outside the United States. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was substantially comprised of securities of issuers from Japan (21%). The fund will not enter into transactions to hedge against declines in the value of the fund’s assets that are denominated in foreign currency.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was wholly comprised of issuers in the real estate sector. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF is neither sponsored nor promoted, distributed or in any other manner supported by STOXX Limited, Zug, Switzerland, Deutsche Börse Group or their licensors, research partners or data providers.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
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Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Real estate sector risk. The fund’s assets will be concentrated in the real estate sector, which means the fund will be more affected by the performance of the real estate sector than a fund that was not concentrated.
Adverse economic, business or political developments affecting real estate could have a major effect on the value of the fund’s investments. Investing in real estate securities (which include REITs) may subject the fund to risks associated with the direct ownership of real estate. Changes in interest rates may also affect the value of the fund’s investment in real estate securities. Real estate securities are dependent upon specialized management skills, have limited diversification and are, therefore, subject to risks inherent in operating and financing a limited number of projects. Real estate securities are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency and defaults by borrowers. Real estate companies may be adversely affected by the recent pandemic spread of the novel
coronavirus known as COVID-19, which has led to decreased economic activity, widespread business and other closures and rapid increases in unemployment that may cause increased defaults on rent, loans or other obligations and increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. Political or regulatory pressures may restrict the eviction of real estate tenants in default. Highly leveraged real estate companies are particularly vulnerable to the effects of rising interest rates and/or an economic downturn (including an economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic). In addition, if applicable, a REIT could fail to qualify for favorable tax treatment under applicable tax law and could fail to maintain its exemption from the registration requirements of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
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Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
Emerging market securities risk. The securities of issuers located in emerging markets tend to be more volatile and less liquid than securities of issuers located in more mature economies, and emerging markets generally have less diverse and less mature economic structures and less stable political systems than those of developed countries. The securities of issuers located or doing substantial business in emerging markets are often subject to rapid and large changes in price.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Risks related to investing in Asia. Investment in securities of issuers in Asia involves risks and special considerations not typically associated with investment in the US securities markets. Certain Asian economies have experienced high inflation, high unemployment, currency devaluations and restrictions, and over-extension of credit. Many Asian economies have experienced rapid growth and industrialization, and there is no assurance that this growth rate will be maintained. During the recent global recession, many of the export-driven Asian economies experienced the effects of the economic slowdown in the United States and Europe, and certain Asian governments implemented stimulus plans, low-rate monetary policies and currency devaluations. Economic events in any one Asian country may have a significant economic effect on the entire Asian region, as well as on major trading partners outside Asia. Any adverse event in the Asian markets may have a significant adverse effect on some or all of the economies of Asian countries in which the fund invests. Many Asian countries are subject to political risk, including corruption and regional conflict with neighboring countries. In addition, many Asian countries are subject to social and labor risks associated with demands for improved political, economic and social conditions.
Currency risk. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-US currencies may affect the value of the fund’s investment and the value of your fund shares. Because the fund’s NAV is determined on the basis of the US dollar and the fund does not attempt to hedge against changes in the value of non-US currencies, investors may lose money if the foreign currency depreciates against the US dollar, even if the foreign currency value of the fund’s holdings in that market increases. Conversely, the dollar value of your investment in the fund may go up if the value of the foreign currency appreciates against the US dollar. The value of the US dollar
measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, and global energy prices. Political instability, the possibility of government intervention and restrictive or opaque business and investment policies may also reduce the value of a country’s currency. Government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currency by a country’s government may also influence exchange rates. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. Therefore, the value of an investment in the fund may also go up or down quickly and unpredictably and investors may lose money.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying
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Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error
risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
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Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption
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orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
Prior to February 22, 2019, the fund operated with a different investment strategy. Performance would have been different if the fund’s current investment strategy had been in effect. Fund returns prior to February 22, 2019 reflect those of the fund when it was tracking the prior underlying index.
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
shares |
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iSTOXX Developed and
Emerging Markets ex
USA PK VN Real Estate
Index (reflects no deduc-
tions for fees, expenses
or taxes) |
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MSCI ACWI ex USA
Index (reflects no deduc-
tions for fees, expenses
or taxes) |
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Effective February 22, 2019, the fund changed its underlying index to the iSTOXX Developed and Emerging Markets ex USA PK VN Real Estate Index from the MSCI Asia Pacific ex Japan US Dollar Hedged Index. Returns shown above for the iSTOXX Developed and Emerging Markets ex USA PK VN Real Estate Index prior to February 22, 2019 reflect the performance of the MSCI Asia Pacific ex Japan US Dollar Hedged Index.
Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of
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Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF
fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF
Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks
Investment Objective
Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the iSTOXX Developed and Emerging Markets ex USA PK VN Real Estate Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is a free-float capitalization weighted index that provides exposure to publicly traded real estate securities in countries outside the United States, excluding Pakistan and Vietnam.
Portfolio management uses a representative sampling indexing strategy in seeking to track the Underlying Index, meaning it generally will invest in a sample of securities in the index whose risk, return and other characteristics resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Underlying Index as a whole. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to the instruments that comprise the fund’s Underlying Index. The fund's investments in depositary receipts may include American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”). ADRs are US dollar-denominated receipts representing shares of foreign based corporations. ADRs are issued by US banks or trust companies, and entitle the holder to all dividends and capital gains that are paid out on the underlying foreign shares. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available. The Underlying Index is
composed of real estate securities including equity real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) from companies incorporated outside the United States, excluding Pakistan and Vietnam.
Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is reconstituted and rebalanced quarterly. The fund reconstitutes and rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s reconstitution and rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes in the fund’s reconstitution and rebalance schedule.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 641 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $1.443 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $3.7 million, from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Philippines, Poland, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and the United Kingdom. The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in real estate securities of issuers from countries outside the United States. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was substantially comprised of securities of issuers from Japan (21%). The fund will not enter into transactions to hedge against declines in the value of the fund’s assets that are denominated in foreign currency.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was wholly comprised of issuers in the real estate sector. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the
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Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities, structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index) and in certain types of derivatives instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF is neither sponsored nor promoted, distributed or in any other manner supported by STOXX Limited, Zug, Switzerland, Deutsche Börse Group or their licensors, research partners or data providers.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The fund also may invest in these derivative instruments to the extent that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. A futures contract is a standardized exchange-traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
The iSTOXX Developed and Emerging Markets ex USA PK VN Real Estate Index is calculated and maintained by STOXX, Ltd. (“Index Provider” or “STOXX”). The Underlying Index is a free-float market capitalization- weighted Index designed to measure the performance of international real estate securities of issuers incorporated outside the United States, Pakistan and Vietnam. The Underlying Index’s composition is reviewed and reconstituted on a quarterly basis. The Underlying Index is composed of real estate securities (including equity REITs) from companies incorporated outside the United States, excluding Pakistan and Vietnam.
Defining the Equity Universe. The Underlying Index is constructed by aggregation of certain STOXX Total Market indices, each representing a broad market of equity securities in a particular country that covers at least 95% of the free-float market capitalization of its respective country.
To be eligible for inclusion in a STOXX Country Total Market Index, securities must meet the following criteria:
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Common stocks and equities with similar characteristics from financial markets that provide reliable real-time, historical component and currency pricing, and reference and corporate actions data
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Listed companies on a regulated market on an exchange defined in the STOXX Investable Universe
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Certain equity instruments, such as investment companies and certain specified investment vehicles, are not eligible for inclusion. Companies that were recently removed from a STOXX Total Market Index due to mergers and other corporate actions are not eligible for inclusion.
Each STOXX Country Total Market Index targets coverage of at least 95% of the free-float market capitalization of the investable stock universe at the cut-off date in the regarding country. All stocks in the investable stock universe of the country in question are ranked in terms of their free-float market capitalization at the cut-off date to produce the review list. A 93-99% buffer is applied as follows:
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The largest companies in the investible universe with a cumulative free-float market capitalization up to and including 93% of the investible universe, qualify for selection.
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The stocks covering the next two percent of cumulative free-float market capitalization are selected among the largest remaining current TMI components representing the portion of capitalization above 93% and up to and including 99%.
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If the country coverage is still below the defined threshold, then the largest remaining stocks are selected until the country coverage is reached.
The STOXX Regional Total Market indices are aggregates of the STOXX Total Market country indices. They aim to provide a broad representation of the respective region. The indices are weighted according to free-float market capitalization.
The index universe of the Underlying Index is defined by the STOXX Developed and Emerging Markets Total Market Index.
Stocks classified as being within the real estate sector according to the Industry Classification Benchmark (ICB) code are eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index.
Companies from the United States, Pakistan and Vietnam are excluded. Sector changes are implemented immediately subsequent to corporate actions.
Weighting. The Underlying Index’s components are not subject to component weight restrictions or capping.
Maintaining the Index. The Underlying Index is reviewed and rebalanced on a quarterly basis. The review cut-off date is the last trading day of the month following the last quarterly index review.
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During extraordinary market conditions, the Index Provider may delay any scheduled reconstitution and rebalancing of the Underlying Index. During any such delay it is possible that the Underlying Index will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology.
iSTOXX Developed and Emerging Markets ex USA PK VNReal Estate Index
Number of Components: approximately 641
The Underlying Index is composed of real estate securities including equity REITs from companies incorporated outside the United States, excluding Pakistan and Vietnam. The country pool consists of the following set of countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Philippines, Poland, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose
money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Real estate sector risk. The fund’s assets will be concentrated in the real estate sector, which means the fund will be more affected by the performance of the real estate sector than a fund that was not concentrated. Adverse economic, business or political developments affecting real estate could have a major effect on the value of the fund’s investments.
Adverse economic, business or political developments affecting real estate could have a major effect on the value of the fund’s investments. Investing in real estate securities (which include REITs) may subject the fund to risks associated with the direct ownership of real estate, such as decreases in real estate values, overbuilding, increased competition and other risks related to local or general
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economic conditions, increases in operating costs and property taxes, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, possible environmental liabilities, regulatory limitations on rent and fluctuations in rental income. Changes in interest rates may also affect the value of the fund’s investment in real estate securities. Certain real estate securities have a relatively small market capitalization, which may tend to increase the volatility of the market price of these securities. Real estate securities are dependent upon specialized management skills, have limited diversification and are, therefore, subject to risks inherent in operating and financing a limited number of projects. Real estate securities are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency and defaults by borrowers. Real estate companies may be adversely affected by the recent pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, which has led to decreased economic activity, widespread business and other closures and rapid increases in unemployment that may cause increased defaults on rent, loans or other obligations and increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. Political or regulatory pressures may restrict the eviction of real estate tenants in default. Highly leveraged real estate companies are particularly vulnerable to the effects of rising interest rates and/or an economic downturn (including an economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic).
REITs pool investors’ funds for investment primarily in income producing real estate or real estate loans or interests. A US REIT is not subject to US federal income tax income distributed to shareholders if it complies with several requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets, and income and a requirement that it distribute to its shareholders at least 90% of its taxable income (other than net capital gains) for each taxable year. Non-US REITs may be subject to a similar tax regime under the tax laws of the jurisdictions in which such non-US REITs are organized. These distribution requirements may result in a REIT having insufficient capital for future expenditures. REITs can generally be classified as Equity REITs, Mortgage REITs and Hybrid REITs; only Equity REITs are eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index.
Equity REITs, which invest the majority of their assets directly in real property, derive their income primarily from rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. The fund will not invest in real estate directly, but only in securities issued by real estate companies. However, the fund may be subject to risks similar to those associated with the direct ownership of real estate (in addition to securities markets risks) because of its policy of concentration in the securities of companies in the real estate industry. These include declines in the value of real estate, risks related to general and local economic conditions, dependency on management skill, heavy cash flow dependency, possible lack of availability of mortgage funds, overbuilding,
extended vacancies of properties, increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, losses due to costs resulting from the clean-up of environmental problems, liability to third parties for damages resulting from environmental problems, casualty or condemnation losses, limitations on rents, changes in neighborhood values, the appeal of properties to tenants and changes in interest rates. Investments in REITs may subject fund shareholders to duplicate management and administrative fees.
In addition to these risks, Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the trusts. Further, Equity REITs are dependent upon management skills and generally may not be diversified. Equity REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers and self-liquidation. In addition, if applicable, Equity REITs could possibly fail to qualify for the beneficial tax treatment available to REITs under applicable tax law, or to maintain their exemptions from registration under the 1940 Act. The above factors may also adversely affect a borrower’s or a lessee’s ability to meet its obligations to the REIT. In the event of a default by a borrower or lessee, the REIT may experience delays in enforcing its rights as a mortgagee or lessor and may incur substantial costs associated with protecting investments.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain
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situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
Emerging market securities risk. Investment in emerging markets subjects the fund to a greater risk of loss than investments in a developed market. This is due to, among other things, (i) greater market volatility, (ii) lower trading volume, (iii) political and economic instability, (iv) high levels of inflation, deflation or currency devaluation, (v) greater risk of market shut down, (vi) more governmental limitations on foreign investments and limitations on repatriation of invested capital than those typically found in a developed market, and (vii) the risk that companies may be held to lower disclosure, corporate governance, auditing and financial reporting standards than companies in more developed markets.
The financial stability of issuers (including governments) in emerging market countries may be more precarious than in other countries. As a result, there will tend to be an increased risk of price volatility in the fund’s investments in emerging market countries, which may be magnified by currency fluctuations relative to the US dollar.
Settlement practices for transactions in foreign markets, particularly in emerging markets, may differ from those in US markets. Such differences include delays beyond periods customary in the US and practices, such as delivery of securities prior to receipt of payment, which increase the likelihood of a “failed settlement.” Failed settlements can result in losses to the fund. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle, and governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. Local agents are held only to the standards of care of their local markets.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such
a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Risks related to investing in Asia. Investment in securities of issuers in Asia involves risks and special considerations not typically associated with investment in the US securities markets. Certain Asian economies have experienced over-extension of credit, currency devaluations and restrictions, high unemployment, high inflation, decreased exports and economic recessions. Economic events in any one Asian country can have a significant effect on the entire Asian region as well as on major trading partners outside Asia, and any adverse effect on some or all of the Asian countries and regions in which the fund invests. The securities markets in some Asian economies are relatively underdeveloped and may subject the fund to higher action costs or greater uncertainty than investments in more developed securities markets. Such risks may adversely affect the value of the fund’s investments.
Governments of many Asian countries have implemented significant economic reforms in order to liberalize trade policy, promote foreign investment in their economies, reduce government control of the economy and develop market mechanisms. There can be no assurance these reforms will continue or that they will be effective. Despite recent reform and privatizations, significant regulation of investment and industry is still pervasive in many Asian countries and may restrict foreign ownership of domestic corporations and repatriation of assets, which may adversely affect fund investments. Governments in some Asian countries are authoritarian in nature, have been installed or removed as a result of military coups or have periodically used force to suppress civil dissent. Disparities of wealth, the pace and success of democratization, and ethnic, religious and racial disaffection have led to social turmoil, violence and labor unrest in some countries. Unanticipated or sudden political or social developments may result in sudden and significant investment losses. Investing in certain Asian countries involves risk of loss due to expropriation, nationalization, or confiscation of assets and property or the imposition of restrictions on foreign investments and on repatriation of capital invested.
Some countries and regions in which the fund invests have experienced acts of terrorism or strained international relations due to territorial disputes, historical animosities or other defense concerns. For example, North and South Korea each have substantial military capabilities, and historical local tensions between the two countries present the risk of war. Any outbreak of hostilities between the two countries could have a severe adverse effect on the South Korean economy and securities markets. These and other security situations may cause uncertainty in the markets of these geographic areas and may adversely affect the performance of local economies.
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Risks related to investing in Japan. The growth of Japan’s economy has historically lagged behind that of its Asian neighbors and other major developed economies. The Japanese economy is heavily dependent on international trade and has been adversely affected by trade tariffs, other protectionist measures, competition from emerging economies and the economic conditions of its trading partners. Japan’s relations with its neighbors, particularly China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, have at times been strained due to territorial disputes, historical animosities and defense concerns. Most recently, the Japanese government has shown concern over the increased nuclear and military activity by North Korea. Strained relations may cause uncertainty in the Japanese markets and adversely affect the overall Japanese economy in times of crisis. China has become an important trading partner with Japan, yet the countries’ political relationship has become strained. Should political tension increase, it could adversely affect the economy, especially the export sector, and destabilize the region as a whole. Japan is located in a part of the world that has historically been prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis and is economically sensitive to environmental events. Any such event, such as the major earthquake and tsunami which struck Japan in March 2011, could result in a significant adverse impact on the Japanese economy. Japan also remains heavily dependent on oil imports, and higher commodity prices could therefore have a negative impact on the economy. Furthermore, Japanese corporations often engage in high levels of corporate leveraging, extensive cross-purchases of the securities of other corporations and are subject to a changing corporate governance structure. Japan may be subject to risks relating to political, economic and labor risks. Any of these risks, individually or in the aggregate, could adversely affect investments in the fund.
Historically, Japan has been subject to unpredictable national politics and may experience frequent political turnover. Future political developments may lead to changes in policy that might adversely affect the fund’s investments. In addition, the Japanese economy faces several concerns, including a financial system with large levels of nonperforming loans, over-leveraged corporate balance sheets, extensive cross- ownership by major corporations, a changing corporate governance structure, and large government deficits. The Japanese yen has fluctuated widely at times and any increase in its value may cause a decline in exports that could weaken the economy. Furthermore, Japan has an aging workforce. It is a labor market undergoing fundamental structural changes, as traditional lifetime employment clashes with the need for increased labor mobility, which may adversely affect Japan’s economic competitiveness.
Currency risk. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-US currencies may affect the value of the fund’s investment and the value of your fund shares. Because the fund’s NAV is determined on the
basis of the US dollar and the fund does not attempt to hedge against changes in the value of non-US currencies, investors may lose money if the foreign currency depreciates against the US dollar, even if the foreign currency value of the fund’s holdings in that market increases. Conversely, the dollar value of your investment in the fund may go up if the value of the foreign currency appreciates against the US dollar. The value of the US dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, and global energy prices. Political instability, the possibility of government intervention and restrictive or opaque business and investment policies may also reduce the value of a country’s currency. Government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currency by a country’s government may also influence exchange rates. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. Therefore, the value of an investment in the fund may also go up or down quickly and unpredictably and investors may lose money.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from
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the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government
imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained
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in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are
measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may prevent the fund from being able to realize full value and thus sell a security for its full valuation. This could cause a material decline in the fund’s net asset value.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to
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honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market
events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may
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be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Other Policies and Risks
While the previous pages describe the main points of the fund’s strategy and risks, there are a few other matters to know about:
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Each of the policies described herein, including the investment objective and 80% investment policy of the fund, constitutes a non-fundamental policy that may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. The fund’s 80% investment policy requires 60 days’ prior written notice to shareholders before it can be changed. Certain fundamental policies of the fund which can only be changed with shareholder approval are set forth in the SAI.
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Because the fund seeks to track its Underlying Index, the fund does not invest defensively and the fund will not invest in money market instruments or other short-term investments as part of a temporary defensive strategy to protect against potential market declines.
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The fund may borrow money from a bank up to a limit of 10% of the value of its assets, but only for temporary or emergency purposes.
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The fund may borrow money under a credit facility to the extent necessary for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests, trade settlements, and as necessary to distribute to shareholders any income necessary to maintain the fund’s status as a regulated investment company (“RIC”).
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Secondary market trading in fund shares may be halted by a stock exchange because of market conditions or other reasons. In addition, trading in fund shares on a stock exchange or in any market may be subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to “circuit breaker” rules on the exchange or market. If a trading halt or unanticipated early closing of a stock exchange occurs, a shareholder may be unable to purchase or sell shares of the fund. There can be no assurance that the requirements necessary to maintain the listing or trading of fund shares will continue to be met or will remain unchanged or that shares will trade with any volume, or at all, in any secondary market. As with all other exchange traded securities, shares may be sold short and may experience increased volatility and price decreases associated with such trading activity.
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From time to time a third party, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may invest in the fund and hold its investment for a specific period of time in order for the fund to achieve size or scale. There can be no assurance that any such entity would not redeem its investment or that the size of the fund would be maintained at such levels. In order to comply with applicable law, it is possible that the Advisor or its affiliates, to the extent they are invested in the fund, may be required to redeem some or all of their ownership interests in the fund prematurely or at an inopportune time.
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From time to time, the fund may have a concentration of shareholder accounts holding a significant percentage of shares outstanding. Investment activities of these shareholders could have a material impact on the fund. For example, the fund may be used as an underlying investment for other registered investment companies.
Portfolio Holdings Information
A description of DBX ETF Trust’s (“Trust”) policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the fund’s portfolio securities is available in the fund’s SAI. The top holdings of the fund can be found at Xtrackers.com. Fund fact sheets provide information regarding the fund’s top holdings and may be requested by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS).
Who Manages and Oversees the Fund
The Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC (“Advisor”), with headquarters at 875 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022, is the investment advisor for the fund. Under the oversight of the Board, the Advisor makes the investment decisions, buys and sells securities for the fund and conducts research that leads to these purchase and sale decisions.
The Advisor is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA (“DWS Group”), a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG.
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Founded in 2010, the Advisor managed approximately $19 billion in 35 operational exchange-traded funds, as of August 31, 2022.
DWS represents the asset management activities conducted by DWS Group or any of its subsidiaries, including the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors.
DWS is a global organization that offers a wide range of investing expertise and resources, including hundreds of portfolio managers and analysts and an office network that reaches the world’s major investment centers. This well- resourced global investment platform brings together a wide variety of experience and investment insight across industries, regions, asset classes and investing styles.
The Advisor may utilize the resources of its global investment platform to provide investment management services through branch offices or affiliates located outside the US. In some cases, the Advisor may also utilize its branch offices or affiliates located in the US or outside the US to perform certain services, such as trade execution, trade matching and settlement, or various administrative, back-office or other services. To the extent services are performed outside the US, such activity may be subject to both US and foreign regulation. It is possible that the jurisdiction in which the Advisor or its affiliate performs such services may impose restrictions or limitations on portfolio transactions that are different from, and in addition to, those in the US.
Management Fee. Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of the fund, including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement (also known as a “unitary advisory fee”), interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
For its services to the fund, during the most recent fiscal year, the Advisor received aggregate unitary advisory fees at the following annual rates as a percentage of the fund’s average daily net assets.
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Reflecting the effect of expense limitations and/or fee waivers then in effect.
The Advisor has contractually agreed, through September 30, 2023, to waive its fees and/or reimburse fund expenses to the extent necessary to prevent the operating expenses of the fund (excluding interest expense, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses, litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses) from
exceeding 0.10% of the fund’s average daily net assets. This agreement may only be terminated by the fund’s Board (and may not be terminated by the Advisor) prior to that time.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board's approval of the fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement is contained in the most recent annual report for the annual period ended May 31. For information on how to obtain shareholder reports, see the back cover.
Multi-Manager Structure. The Advisor and the Trust may rely on an exemptive order (the “Order”) from the SEC that permits the Advisor to enter into investment sub-advisory agreements with unaffiliated and affiliated subadvisors without obtaining shareholder approval. The Advisor, subject to the review and approval of the Board, selects subadvisors for the fund and supervises, monitors and evaluates the performance of the subadvisor.
The Order also permits the Advisor, subject to the approval of the Board, to replace subadvisors and amend investment subadvisory agreements, including fees, without shareholder approval whenever the Advisor and the Board believe such action will benefit the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor thus has the ultimate responsibility (subject to the ultimate oversight of the Board) to recommend the hiring and replacement of subadvisors as well as the discretion to terminate any subadvisor and reallocate the fund’s assets for management among any other subadvisor(s) and itself. This means that the Advisor is able to reduce the subadvisory fees and retain a larger portion of the management fee, or increase the subadvisory fees and retain a smaller portion of the management fee. Pursuant to the Order, the Advisor is not required to disclose its contractual fee arrangements with any subadvisor. The Advisor compensates the subadvisor out of its management fee.
Management
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
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Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
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BS in Finance, Boston College.
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Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
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Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
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BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
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Joined DWS in 2017 with 13 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous worked at Northern Trust where he filled a variety of operational functions supporting portfolio management. In 2010 he began managing equity portfolios on behalf of institutional clients across a variety of global benchmarks. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
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Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
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BS in Finance, Yeshiva University.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
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Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
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BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
The fund’s Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about a portfolio manager’s investments in the fund, a description of the portfolio management compensation structure and information regarding other accounts managed.
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Additional shareholder information, including how to buy and sell shares of the fund, is available free of charge by calling toll-free: 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS) or visiting our website at Xtrackers.com.
Buying and Selling Shares
Shares of the fund are listed for trading on a national securities exchange during the trading day. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day at market prices like shares of other publicly-traded companies. The Trust does not impose any minimum investment for shares of the fund purchased on an exchange. Buying or selling fund shares involves two types of costs that may apply to all securities transactions. When buying or selling shares of the fund through a broker, you will likely incur a brokerage commission or other charges determined by your broker. In addition, you may incur the cost of the “spread” – that is, any difference between the bid price and the ask price. The commission is frequently a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell small amounts of shares. The spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on its trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has a lot of trading volume and market liquidity and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity.
Shares of the fund may be acquired or redeemed directly from the fund only in Creation Units or multiples thereof, as discussed in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Creations and Redemptions.” Only an AP may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund. Once created, shares of the fund generally trade in the secondary market in amounts less than a Creation Unit.
The Board has evaluated the risks of market timing activities by the fund’s shareholders. The Board noted that shares of the fund can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the fund in Creation Units by APs and that the vast majority of trading in the fund’s shares occurs on the secondary market. Because the secondary market trades do not involve the fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With regard to the purchase or redemption of
Creation Units directly with the fund, to the extent effected in-kind (i.e., for securities), such trades do not cause any of the harmful effects (as previously noted) that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that such trades could result in dilution to the fund and increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that the fund’s shares trade at or close to NAV. In addition, the fund imposes both fixed and variable transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of fund shares to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by the fund in effecting trades. These fees increase if an investor substitutes cash in part or in whole for securities, reflecting the fact that the fund’s trading costs increase in those circumstances. Given this structure, the Board determined that with respect to the fund it is not necessary to adopt policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of the fund’s shares.
Investments in a fund by other registered investment companies are subject to certain limitations imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Such registered investment companies may invest in a fund beyond the applicable limitations imposed by the 1940 Act pursuant to the terms and conditions of a rule enacted by the SEC, which includes a requirement that such registered investment companies enter into an agreement with the Trust.
Shares of the fund trade on the exchange and under the ticker symbol as shown in the table below.
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Book Entry
Shares of the fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of the fund and is recognized as the owner of all shares for all purposes.
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Investors owning shares of the fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for shares of the fund. DTC participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you hold in book-entry or “street name” form.
Share Prices
The trading prices of the fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the fund’s daily NAV per share and are affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. Information regarding the intraday value of shares of the fund, also known as the “indicative optimized portfolio value” (“IOPV”), is disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which the fund’s shares are listed or by market data vendors or other information providers. The IOPV is based on the current market value of the securities and/or cash required to be deposited in exchange for a Creation Unit. The IOPV does not necessarily reflect the precise composition of the current portfolio of securities held by the fund at a particular point in time nor the best possible valuation of the current portfolio. Therefore, the IOPV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV, which is computed only once a day. The IOPV is generally determined by using both current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities held by the fund. The quotations of certain fund holdings may not be updated during US trading hours if such holdings do not trade in the US. The fund is not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the IOPV and makes no representation or warranty as to its accuracy.
Determination of Net Asset Value
The NAV of the fund is generally determined once daily Monday through Friday as of the regularly scheduled close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) on each day that the NYSE is open for trading, provided that (a) any fund assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the US dollar are translated into US dollars at the prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers (as detailed below) and (b) US fixed-income assets may be valued as of the announced closing time for trading in fixed-income instruments in a particular market or exchange. NAV is calculated by deducting all of the fund’s liabilities from the total value of its assets and
dividing the result by the number of shares outstanding, rounding to the nearest cent. All valuations are subject to review by the Trust’s Board or its delegate.
The Trust’s Board has designated the Advisor as the valuation designee for the fund pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor’s Pricing Committee typically values securities using readily available market quotations or prices supplied by independent pricing services (which are considered fair values under Rule 2a-5).
The Advisor has adopted fair valuation procedures that provide methodologies for fair valuing securities when pricing service prices or market quotations are not readily available, including when a security’s value or a meaningful portion of the value of the fund’s portfolio is believed to have been materially affected by a significant event such as a natural disaster, an economic event like a bankruptcy filing, or a substantial fluctuation in domestic or foreign markets that has occurred between the close of the exchange or market on which the security is principally traded (for example, a foreign exchange or market) and the close of the New York Stock Exchange. In such a case, the fund’s value for a security is likely to be different from the last quoted market price or pricing service prices. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, it is possible that the value determined for a particular asset may be materially different from the value realized upon such asset’s sale. In addition, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s NAV and the prices used by the fund’s Underlying Index. This may adversely affect the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. With respect to securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges, the value of the fund’s portfolio securities may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or sell your shares.
The approximate value of shares of the applicable fund, an amount representing on a per share basis the sum of the current value of the deposit securities based on their then current market price and the estimated cash component will be disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association. Foreign currency exchange rates with respect to the fund’s non-US securities are generally determined as of 4:00 p.m., London time. Generally, trading in non-US securities, US government securities, money market instruments and certain fixed-income securities is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the fund are determined as of such earlier times. The value of the Underlying Index will not be calculated and disseminated intra-day. The value and return of the fund’s Underlying Index is calculated once each trading day by the Index Provider based on prices received from the international local markets. In addition the value of assets or liabilities denominated in non-US currencies will be converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted
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by one or more data service providers. Use of a rate different from the rate used by the Index Provider may adversely affect the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index.
Creations and Redemptions
Prior to trading in the secondary market, shares of the fund are “created” at NAV by market makers, large investors and institutions only in block-size Creation Units of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The size of a Creation Unit will be subject to change. Each “creator” or AP (which must be a DTC participant) enters into an authorized participant agreement (“Authorized Participant Agreement”) with the fund’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”), subject to acceptance by the Transfer Agent. Only an AP may create or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are issued and redeemed in exchange for a specific basket of securities approximating the holdings of the fund and a designated amount of cash. The fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares are not redeemable by the fund. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received in a form described in the Authorized Participant Agreement.
Additional information about the procedures regarding creation and redemption of Creation Units (including the cut-off times for receipt of creation and redemption orders) is included in the SAI.
The fund intends to comply with the US federal securities laws in accepting securities for deposits and satisfying redemptions with redemption securities, including that the securities accepted for deposits and the securities used to satisfy redemption requests will be sold in transactions that would be exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”). Further, an AP that is not a “qualified institutional buyer,” as such term is defined under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, will not be able to receive fund securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A.
Authorized Participants and the Continuous Offering of Shares
Because new shares may be created and issued on an ongoing basis, at any point during the life of the fund a “distribution,” as such term is used in the 1933 Act, may be occurring. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner that could render them statutory underwriters and subject to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act. Any determination of whether one is an underwriter must take into account all the relevant facts and circumstances of each particular case.
Broker-dealers should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary transactions), and thus dealing with shares that are part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the 1933 Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the 1933 Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153 under the 1933 Act is available only with respect to transactions on a national securities exchange.
Certain affiliates of the fund and the Advisor may purchase and resell fund shares pursuant to this Prospectus.
Transaction Fees
APs are charged standard creation and redemption transaction fees to offset transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. Purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units for cash are required to pay an additional variable charge (up to a maximum of 2% for redemptions, including the standard redemption fee) to compensate for brokerage and market impact expenses. The standard creation and redemption transaction fee for the fund is set forth in the table below. The maximum redemption fee, as a percentage of the amount redeemed, is 2%.
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Xtrackers International Real
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(1) Currently, the standard and maximum transaction fees for the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit of the fund are paid by the fund’s Advisor. As such, the standard and maximum transaction fees for the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit of the fund will be reduced from $5,400 to $0; however, the Advisor reserves the right to amend or discontinue this subsidy upon supplement to the fund’s prospectus.
Dividends and Distributions
General Policies. Dividends from net investment income, if any, are generally declared and paid semi-annually by the fund. Distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis for the fund. The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the fund’s status as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income or realized gains.
Dividends and other distributions on shares of the fund are distributed on a pro rata basis to beneficial owners of such shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC participants and indirect participants to beneficial owners as of the record date with proceeds received from the fund.
Dividend Reinvestment Service. No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Investing in the Fund
Service for use by beneficial owners of the fund for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of the fund purchased in the secondary market. Taxable dividend distributions will be subject to US federal income tax whether received in cash or reinvested in additional shares.
Taxes
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in shares of the fund will be taxed. The US federal income tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in shares of the fund.
Unless your investment in fund shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-advantaged retirement account, such as an IRA, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when the fund makes distributions or you sell fund shares.
US Federal Income Taxes on Distributions
Distributions from the fund’s net investment income (other than qualified dividend income), including distributions of income from securities lending and distributions out of the fund’s net short-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to you as ordinary income for US federal income tax purposes. Distributions by the fund of net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (capital gain dividends) are taxable for US federal income tax purposes to non-corporate shareholders as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long the shareholders have held such fund’s shares. Distributions by the fund that qualify as qualified dividend income are taxable to non-corporate shareholders at long-term capital gain rates. The maximum individual US federal income rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” and long-term capital gains is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. As disclosed below, an additional 3.8% Medicare tax may also apply to certain non-corporate shareholder’s distributions from the fund.
A non-corporate shareholder may be eligible to treat qualified dividend income received by a fund as qualified dividend income when distributed to the non-corporate shareholder if the shareholder satisfies certain holding period and other requirements. Generally, qualified dividend income includes dividend income from taxable US corporations and qualified non-US corporations, provided that the fund satisfies certain holding period requirements in respect of the stock of such corporations and has not hedged its position in the stock in certain ways. For this
purpose, a qualified non-US corporation means any non-US corporation that is eligible for benefits under a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States which includes an exchange of information program or if the stock with respect to which the dividend was paid is readily tradable on an established United States security market. The term excludes a corporation that is a passive foreign investment company.
Dividends received by the fund from a REIT that qualifies as a real estate investment trust for US federal income tax purposes (“US REIT”) generally are eligible for qualified dividend income treatment only to the extent the dividend distributions are made out of qualified dividend income received by such US REIT. It is expected that dividends received by the fund from US REITs and distributed to a shareholder generally will be taxable to the shareholder for US federal income tax purposes as ordinary income but may be eligible for a 20% qualified business income deduction by non-corporate shareholders if so reported by the fund and certain holding period requirements are satisfied.
For a dividend to be treated as qualified dividend income, the dividend must be received with respect to a share of stock held without being hedged by the fund, and to a share of the fund held without being hedged by the shareholder receiving the dividend, for 61 days during the 121-day period beginning at the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend or in the case of certain preferred stock 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date.
In general, your distributions are subject to US federal income tax for the year when they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year.
Distributions in excess of the fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated for US federal income tax purposes as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s basis in his, her or its shares of the fund, and generally as a capital gain thereafter. Because a return of capital distribution will reduce the shareholder’s cost basis in his, her or its shares, a return of capital distribution may result in a higher capital gain or lower capital loss when those shares on which the distribution was received are sold.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a non-US entity, the fund’s ordinary income dividends (which include distributions of net short-term capital gains) will generally be subject to a 30% US withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies or unless such income is effectively connected to a US trade or business, provided that withholding tax will generally not apply to any gain or income realized by a non-US shareholder in respect of any distributions of long-term capital gains or short term capital gains reported as such by the fund or upon the sale or other disposition of shares of the fund.
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Investing in the Fund
Dividends and interest received by the fund with respect to non-US securities may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by non-US countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the total assets of the fund at the close of a year consist of non-US stocks or securities, the fund may for US federal income tax purposes “pass through” to you certain non-US income taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the fund. This means that you would be considered to have received as additional gross income your share of such non-US taxes, but you may, in such case, be entitled to either a corresponding tax deduction or credit in calculating your US federal income tax, subject in both cases to certain limitations.
If you are a resident or a citizen of the United States, by law, back-up withholding (currently at a rate of 24%) will apply to your distributions and proceeds if you have not provided a taxpayer identification number or social security number and made other required certifications or if you are otherwise subject to back-up withholding.
US Federal Income Tax when Shares are Sold
Currently, any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares is generally treated as a long-term gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares held for one year or less is generally treated as short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid with respect to such shares. Your ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
Medicare Tax
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of fund shares) of US individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the consequences under current US federal income tax law of an investment in the fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. You may also be subject to state, local and foreign taxation on fund distributions and sales of shares. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences of an investment in shares of the fund under all applicable tax laws.
Distribution
The Distributor distributes Creation Units for the fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in shares of the fund. The Distributor
has no role in determining the policies of the fund or the securities that are purchased or sold by the fund. The Distributor’s principal address is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.
The Advisor and/or its affiliates may pay additional compensation, out of their own assets and not as an additional charge to the fund, to selected affiliated and unaffiliated brokers, dealers, participating insurance companies or other financial intermediaries (“financial representatives”) in connection with the sale and/or distribution of fund shares or the retention and/or servicing of fund investors and fund shares (“revenue sharing”). For example, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may compensate financial representatives for providing the fund with “shelf space” or access to a third party platform or fund offering list or other marketing programs, including, without limitation, inclusion of the fund on preferred or recommended sales lists, fund “supermarket” platforms and other formal sales programs; granting the Advisor and/ or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s sales force; granting the Advisor and/or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s conferences and meetings; assistance in training and educating the financial representative’s personnel; and obtaining other forms of marketing support.
The level of revenue sharing payments made to financial representatives may be a fixed fee or based upon one or more of the following factors: gross sales, current assets and/or number of accounts of the fund attributable to the financial representative, the particular fund or fund type or other measures as agreed to by the Advisor and/or its affiliates and the financial representatives or any combination thereof. The amount of these revenue sharing payments is determined at the discretion of the Advisor and/or its affiliates from time to time, may be substantial, and may be different for different financial representatives based on, for example, the nature of the services provided by the financial representative.
Receipt of, or the prospect of receiving, additional compensation may influence your financial representative’s recommendation of the fund. You should review your financial representative’s compensation disclosure and/or talk to your financial representative to obtain more information on how this compensation may have influenced your financial representative’s recommendation of the fund. Additional information regarding these revenue sharing payments is included in the fund’s Statement of Additional Information, which is available to you on request at no charge (see the back cover of this Prospectus for more information on how to request a copy of the Statement of Additional Information).
It is possible that broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions for the fund will also sell shares of the fund to their customers. However, the Advisor will not consider the sale of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for the fund. Accordingly, the Advisor has implemented policies and
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Investing in the Fund
procedures reasonably designed to prevent its traders from considering sales of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for the fund. In addition, the Advisor and/or its affiliates will not use fund brokerage to pay for their obligation to provide additional compensation to financial representatives as described above.
Premium/Discount Information
Information regarding how often shares of the fund traded on NYSE Arca at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the NAV of the fund during the past calendar year can be found at Xtrackers.com.
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Investing in the Fund
The financial highlights are designed to help you understand recent financial performance. The figures in the first part of the table are for a single share. The total return figures represent the percentage that an investor in the fund would have earned (or lost), assuming all dividends and distributions were reinvested. This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the fund’s financial statements, is included in the fund’s Annual Report (see “For More Information” on the back cover).
Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)c |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
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Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
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Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 27 | Financial Highlights |
Index Providers and Licenses
STOXX Ltd. (“STOXX”) is a provider of indexes and services to investors worldwide. STOXX is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, Bank of New York Mellon, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates.
The Advisor has entered into a license agreement with the Index Provider to use the Underlying Index. All license fees are paid by the Advisor out of its own resources and not the assets of the fund.
Disclaimers
The iSTOXX Developed and Emerging Markets ex USA PK VN Real Estate Index is the intellectual property (including registered trademarks) of STOXX Limited, Zug, Switzerland (“STOXX”), Deutsche Börse Group or their licensors, which is used under license. Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF is neither sponsored nor promoted, distributed or in any other manner supported by STOXX, Deutsche Börse Group or their licensors, research partners or data providers and STOXX, Deutsche Börse Group and their licensors, research partners or data providers do not give any warranty, and exclude any liability (whether in negligence or otherwise) with respect thereto generally or specifically in relation to any errors, omissions or interruptions in the Index or its data.
Shares of the fund are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by NYSE Arca. NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the fund or any member of the public regarding the ability of the fund to track the total return performance of its Underlying Index or the ability of the Underlying Index to track stock market performance. NYSE Arca is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the compilation or the calculation of the Underlying Index nor in the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of shares of the fund to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares are redeemable. NYSE Arca has no obligation or liability to owners of the shares of the fund in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the shares of the fund.
NYSE Arca does not guarantee the accuracy and/or the completeness of the Underlying Index or any data included therein. NYSE Arca makes no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by the Trust on behalf of the fund as licensee, licensee’s customers and counterparties, owners of the shares of the fund, or any other person or entity from the use of the subject index or any data included therein in connection with the rights licensed as described herein or for any other use. NYSE Arca makes no express or implied warranties and hereby expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to the Underlying Index or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall NYSE Arca have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
The Advisor does not guarantee the accuracy or the completeness of the Underlying Index or any data included therein and the Advisor shall have no liability for any errors, omissions or interruptions therein.
The Advisor makes no warranty, express or implied, to the owners of shares of the fund or to any other person or entity, as to results to be obtained by the fund from the use of the Underlying Index or any data included therein. The Advisor makes no express or implied warranties and expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with respect to the Underlying Index or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Advisor have any liability for any special, punitive, direct, indirect or consequential damages (including lost profits), even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 28 | Appendix |
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
XTRACKERS.COM
1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS)
Copies of the prospectus, SAI and recent shareholder reports, when available, can be found on our website at Xtrackers.com. For more information about the fund, you may request a copy of the SAI. The SAI provides detailed information about the fund and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. This means that the SAI, for legal purposes, is a part of this prospectus.
If you have any questions about the Trust or shares of the fund or you wish to obtain the SAI or shareholder report free of charge, please:
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1-855-329-3837 or 1-855-DBX-ETFS
(toll free) Monday through Friday
8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. (Eastern time)
E-mail: dbxquestions@list.db.com |
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DBX ETF Trust
c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc.
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000
Denver, Colorado 80203 |
Information about the fund (including the SAI), reports and other information about the fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s website at sec.gov, and
copies of this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
Householding is an option available to certain fund investors. Householding is a method of delivery, based on the preference of the individual investor, in which a single copy of certain shareholder documents can be delivered to investors who share the same address, even if their accounts are registered under different names. Please contact your broker-dealer if you are interested in enrolling in householding and receiving a single copy of prospectuses and other shareholder documents, or if you are currently enrolled in householding and wish to change your householding status.
No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about the fund and their shares not contained in this prospectus and you should not rely on any other information. Read and keep the prospectus for future reference.
Investment Company Act File No.: 811-22487
Prospectus
October 1, 2022
Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF |
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The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Your investment in a fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.
Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
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Investment Objective
Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI EM US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 14% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track emerging market performance while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the currencies of the countries included in the Underlying Index. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 1 | Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF |
securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 1,380 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $4.69 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $124.3 million, from issuers in the following countries: Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of issuers from emerging markets countries and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to non-US currencies.
Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations. Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and most countries located in Western Europe. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from China (32.04%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials (21.50%) and information technology (20.07%) sectors. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. The information technology sector includes companies engaged in developing software and providing data processing and outsourced services, along with manufacturing and distributing
communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment and instruments. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to each non-US currency based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and
its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
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Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
Emerging market securities risk. The securities of issuers located in emerging markets tend to be more volatile and less liquid than securities of issuers located in more mature economies, and emerging markets generally have less diverse and less mature economic structures and less stable political systems than those of developed countries. The securities of issuers located or doing substantial business in emerging markets are often subject to rapid and large changes in price.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Information technology sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the information technology sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the information technology sector. Information technology companies are particularly vulnerable to government regulation and competition, both domestically and internationally, including competition from foreign competitors with lower production costs. Information technology companies also face competition for services of qualified personnel. Additionally, the products of information technology companies may face obsolescence due to rapid technological development and frequent new product introduction by competitors. Finally, information technology companies are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights, the loss or impairment of which may adversely affect profitability.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may
include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund’s forward currency contracts may not be successful in minimizing the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies against the US dollar. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in the Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in the Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of non-US currencies against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. Therefore, the value of an investment in the fund may also go up or down quickly and unpredictably and investors may lose money. NDFs may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure
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to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will
decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market
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participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may
cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any
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investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
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After tax on distribu-
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MSCI EM US Dollar
Hedged Index (reflects
no deductions for fees,
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MSCI EM Index (reflects
no deductions for fees,
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Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares
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of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI EAFE US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 4% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track developed market performance while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the currencies of the countries included in the Underlying Index. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The
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securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 802 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $17.82 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $521.7 million, from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of issuers from Europe, Australia and the Far East and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to non-US currencies. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from Japan (22.40%) and the United Kingdom (15.73%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials (17.22%) and industrials (15.41%) sectors. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index
that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to each non-US currency based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions
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taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN
RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness.
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly
affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund’s forward currency contracts may not be successful in minimizing the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies against the US dollar. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in the Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in the Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of non-US currencies against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. Therefore, the value of an investment in the fund may also go up or down quickly and unpredictably and investors may lose money. NDFs may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks
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discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities,
because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will
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fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. The bid-ask spread of the fund may be wider in comparison to the bid-ask spread of other ETFs, given the liquidity of the fund’s assets and the Underlying Index’s (and thus the fund’s) hedging strategy. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled
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“Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
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After tax on distribu-
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MSCI EAFE US Dollar
Hedged Index (reflects
no deductions for fees,
expenses or taxes) |
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MSCI EAFE Index
(reflects no deductions
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taxes) |
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Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 200,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI Germany US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 7% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of the German equity market while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the euro. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities
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selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 60 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $18.07 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $606.8 million. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of German issuers and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to the euro. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was solely comprised of securities of issuers from Germany.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the industrials (17.79%), consumer discretionary (16.53%) and financials (15.88%) sectors. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. The consumer discretionary goods sector includes durable goods, apparel, entertainment and leisure, and automobiles. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
While the fund is currently classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, it may operate as or become classified as “diversified” over time. The fund could again become non-diversified solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to the euro based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund
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invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s
investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
Risks related to investing in Germany. The German economy is dependent on the other countries in Europe as key trade partners. Exports account for more than one-third of Germany’s output and are a key element in German economic expansion. Reduction in spending by European countries on German products and services or negative changes in any of these countries may cause an adverse impact on the German economy. In addition, the US is a large trade and investment partner of Germany. Decreasing US imports, new trade regulations, changes in the US dollar exchange rates or a recession in the US may also have an adverse impact on the German economy.
Investing in German issuers involves political, social and regulatory risks. Certain sectors and regions of Germany have experienced high unemployment and social unrest.
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Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
These issues may have an adverse effect on the German economy or the German industries or sectors in which the fund invests. Heavy regulation of labor and product markets is pervasive in Germany. These regulations may stifle economic growth or result in extended recessionary periods.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness. Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Consumer discretionary sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer discretionary sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer discretionary sector. Companies engaged in the consumer discretionary sector are subject to fluctuations in supply and demand. These companies may also be adversely affected by changes in consumer spending as a result of world events, political and economic conditions, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
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Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
Forward currency contract risk. The fund’s forward currency contracts may not be successful in minimizing the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies against the US dollar. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in the Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in the Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of non-US currencies against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. Therefore, the value of an investment in the fund may also go up or down quickly and unpredictably and investors may lose money. NDFs may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying
Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying
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Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and
the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. The bid-ask spread of the fund may be wider in comparison to the bid-ask spread of other ETFs, given the liquidity of the fund’s assets and the Underlying Index’s (and thus the fund’s) hedging strategy. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market
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Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. The fund is classified as non-diversified under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
If the fund becomes classified as “diversified” over time and again becomes non-diversified as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track, non-diversification risk would apply.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any
investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
Prior to May 31, 2013, the fund operated with a different investment strategy. Performance would have been different if the fund’s current investment strategy had been in effect. Fund returns prior to May 31, 2013 reflect those of the fund when it was tracking the prior underlying index.
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
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MSCI Germany US
Dollar Hedged Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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MSCI Germany Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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Effective May 31, 2013, the fund changed its underlying index to the MSCI Germany US Dollar Hedged Index from the MSCI Canada US Dollar Hedged Index. Returns shown above for the MSCI Germany US Dollar Hedged Index prior to May 31, 2013 reflect the performance of the MSCI Canada US Dollar Hedged Index.
Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than
NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI Japan US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 6% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of the Japanese equity market while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the Japanese yen. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have,
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in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 238 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $13.45 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $1.95 billion. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of Japanese issuers and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to the Japanese yen. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was solely comprised of securities of issuers from Japan.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the industrials (22.27%) and consumer discretionary (18.82%) sectors. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. The consumer discretionary goods sector includes durable goods, apparel, entertainment and leisure, and automobiles. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to the Japanese yen based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
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Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in
the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
Risks related to investing in Japan. The growth of Japan’s economy has historically lagged behind that of its Asian neighbors and other major developed economies. The Japanese economy is heavily dependent on international trade and has been adversely affected by trade tariffs, other protectionist measures, competition from emerging economies and the economic conditions of its trading partners. Japan’s relations with its neighbors, particularly China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, have at times been strained due to territorial disputes, historical animosities and defense concerns. Most recently, the Japanese government has shown concern over the increased nuclear and military activity by North Korea. Strained relations may cause uncertainty in the Japanese markets and adversely affect the overall Japanese economy in times of crisis. China has become an important trading partner with Japan, yet the countries’ political relationship has become strained. Should political
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tension increase, it could adversely affect the economy, especially the export sector, and destabilize the region as a whole. Japan is located in a part of the world that has historically been prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis and is economically sensitive to environmental events. Any such event, such as the major earthquake and tsunami which struck Japan in March 2011, could result in a significant adverse impact on the Japanese economy. Japan also remains heavily dependent on oil imports, and higher commodity prices could therefore have a negative impact on the economy. Furthermore, Japanese corporations often engage in high levels of corporate leveraging, extensive cross-purchases of the securities of other corporations and are subject to a changing corporate governance structure. Japan may be subject to risks relating to political, economic and labor risks. Any of these risks, individually or in the aggregate, could adversely affect investments in the fund.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Consumer discretionary sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer discretionary sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer discretionary sector. Companies engaged in the consumer discretionary sector are subject to fluctuations in supply and demand. These companies may also be adversely affected by changes in consumer spending as a result of world events, political and economic conditions, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund’s forward currency contracts may not be successful in minimizing the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies against the US dollar. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in the Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in the Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of non-US currencies against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. Therefore, the value of an investment in the fund may also go up or down quickly and unpredictably and investors may lose money. NDFs may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
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Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks
associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the
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creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. The bid-ask spread of the fund may be wider in comparison to the bid-ask spread of other ETFs, given the liquidity of the fund’s assets and the Underlying Index’s (and thus the fund’s) hedging strategy. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may
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invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
shares |
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MSCI Japan US Dollar
Hedged Index (reflects
no deductions for fees,
expenses or taxes) |
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MSCI Japan Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid)
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and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI Europe US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 5% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of the developed markets in Europe, while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the currencies of the countries included in the Underlying Index. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that
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collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 429 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $21.37 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $606.8 million, from issuers in the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of issuers from Europe and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to non-US currencies. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from the United Kingdom (24.52%), France (17.63%) and Switzerland (16.28%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the health care sector (16.01%) and financial sector (15.31%). Industries in the health care sector include pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, medical products and supplies, and health care services. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to each non-US currency based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund
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invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s
investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness. Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant
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to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Health care sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the health care sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the health care sector. The health care sector may be affected by government regulations and government health care programs, increases or decreases in the cost of medical products and services and product liability claims, among other factors. Many health care companies are heavily dependent on patent protection, and the expiration of a company’s patent may adversely affect that company’s profitability. Health care companies are subject to competitive forces that may result in price discounting, and may be thinly capitalized and susceptible to product obsolescence.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund’s forward currency contracts may not be successful in minimizing the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies against the US dollar. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in the Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in the Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of non-US currencies against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. Therefore, the value of an investment in the fund may also go up or down quickly and unpredictably and investors may lose money. NDFs may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks
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discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may
differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes
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in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. The bid-ask spread of the fund may be wider in comparison to the bid-ask spread of other ETFs, given the liquidity of the fund’s assets and the Underlying Index’s (and thus the fund’s) hedging strategy. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable
conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited
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or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own
actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
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MSCI Europe US Dollar
Hedged Index (reflects
no deductions for fees,
expenses or taxes) |
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MSCI Europe Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than
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NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI ACWI ex USA US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 6% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of equity securities in developed and emerging stock markets (excluding the United States), while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the currencies of the countries included in the Underlying Index. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that
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collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 2,270 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $9.96 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $124.3 million, from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of issuers from countries other than the United States and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to non-US currencies.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials sector (20.02%). The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to each non-US currency based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund
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invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s
investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
Emerging market securities risk. The securities of issuers located in emerging markets tend to be more volatile and less liquid than securities of issuers located in more mature economies, and emerging markets generally have less diverse and less mature economic structures and less stable political systems than those of developed countries. The securities of issuers located or doing substantial business in emerging markets are often subject to rapid and large changes in price.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide
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reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund’s forward currency contracts may not be successful in minimizing the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies against the US dollar. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in the Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in the Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of non-US currencies against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. Therefore, the value of an investment in the fund may also go up or down quickly and unpredictably and investors may lose money. NDFs may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor
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nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. The bid-ask spread of the fund may be wider in comparison to the bid-ask spread of other ETFs, given the liquidity of the fund’s assets and the Underlying Index’s (and thus the fund’s) hedging strategy. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments
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that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
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Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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MSCI ACWI ex USA US
Dollar Hedged Index
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MSCI ACWI ex US Index
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for fees, expenses or
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Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI ACWI ex USA High Dividend Yield Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 38% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of equity securities in developed and emerging stock markets (excluding the United States).
The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate,
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investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The Underlying Index is designed to reflect the performance of equities (excluding real estate investment trusts (“REITs”)) in its parent index, the MSCI ACWI ex USA Index, with higher dividend income and quality characteristics than average dividend yields of equities in the parent index, where such higher dividend income and quality characteristics are both sustainable and persistent. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
The Underlying Index is a free float adjusted market capitalization weighted index. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 335 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $10.86 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $146.8 million, from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced semi-annually in May and November. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in equity securities of issuers located in countries other than the United States. The fund will not enter into transactions to hedge against declines in the value of the fund’s assets that are denominated in foreign currency. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from the United Kingdom (16.65%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials sector (22.50%). The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund
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invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Dividend-paying stock risk. As a category, dividend-paying stocks may underperform non-dividend paying stocks (and the stock market as a whole) over any period
of time. In addition, issuers of dividend-paying stocks may have discretion to defer or stop paying dividends for a stated period of time, or the anticipated acceleration of dividends may not occur as a result of, among other things, a sharp rise in interest rates or an economic downturn. If the dividend-paying stocks held by the fund reduce or stop paying dividends, the fund’s ability to generate income may be adversely affected.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt
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level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness. Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
Emerging market securities risk. The securities of issuers located in emerging markets tend to be more volatile and less liquid than securities of issuers located in more mature economies, and emerging markets generally have less diverse and less mature economic structures and less stable political systems than those of developed countries. The securities of issuers located or doing substantial business in emerging markets are often subject to rapid and large changes in price.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Currency risk. Changes in currency exchange rates may affect the value of the fund’s investments and the fund’s share price. Because the fund does not attempt to hedge against changes in the value of non-US currencies, the fund’s US dollar share price may go down if the value of the local currency of the non−US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. The value of the US dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, global energy prices, political instability and government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currency by a country’s government. Currency exchange rates can be volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably, thereby impacting the value of the fund’s investments.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined,
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composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying
Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and
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the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they
do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may
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be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
Prior to February 13, 2018, the fund operated with a different investment strategy. Performance would have been different if the fund’s current investment strategy had been in effect. Fund returns prior to February 13, 2018 reflect those of the fund when it was tracking the prior underlying index.
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
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MSCI ACWI ex USA
High Dividend Yield
Index (reflects no deduc-
tions for fees, expenses
or taxes) |
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MSCI ACWI ex USA
Index (reflects no deduc-
tions for fees, expenses
or taxes) |
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Effective February 13, 2018, the fund changed its underlying index to the MSCI ACWI ex USA High Dividend Yield Index from the MSCI ACWI ex US High Dividend Yield US Dollar Hedged Index. Returns shown above for the MSCI ACWI ex USA High Dividend Yield Index prior to February 13, 2018 reflect the performance of the MSCI ACWI ex US High Dividend Yield US Dollar Hedged Index.
Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 30% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track developed market performance.
The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as
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market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The Underlying Index is designed to reflect the performance of equities (excluding REITs) in its parent index, the MSCI EAFE Index, with higher dividend income and quality characteristics than average dividend yields of equities in the parent index, where such higher dividend income and quality characteristics are both sustainable and persistent. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
The Underlying Index is a free float adjusted market capitalization weighted index. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 116 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $21.24 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $2.50 billion from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Under normal circumstances. the Underlying Index is rebalanced semi-annually in May and November. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in equity securities located in developed countries in Europe, Australasia and the Far East. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from the United Kingdom (24.9%). The fund will not enter into transactions to hedge against declines in the value of the fund’s assets that are denominated in foreign currency.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials (18.37%), materials (17.70%) and consumer staples (17.59%) sectors. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. The materials sector includes companies that manufacture chemicals, construction materials, glass and paper products, as well as metals, minerals and mining companies. The consumer staples sector includes companies whose businesses are less sensitive to economic cycles, such as manufacturers
and distributors of food, beverages and producers of non-durable household goods and personal products. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
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Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Dividend-paying stock risk. As a category, dividend-paying stocks may underperform non-dividend paying stocks (and the stock market as a whole) over any period of time. In addition, issuers of dividend-paying stocks may have discretion to defer or stop paying dividends for a stated period of time, or the anticipated acceleration of
dividends may not occur as a result of, among other things, a sharp rise in interest rates or an economic downturn. If the dividend-paying stocks held by the fund reduce or stop paying dividends, the fund’s ability to generate income may be adversely affected.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely
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impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness. Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly
affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Materials sector risk. To the extent the fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities issued by companies in the materials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund's performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the materials sector. Companies engaged in the production and distribution of materials may be adversely affected by changes in world events, political and economic conditions, energy conservation, environmental policies, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, litigation and government regulations, increased competition, over-production, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Consumer staples sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer staples sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer staples sector. Companies in the consumer staples sector may be adversely affected by changes in the global economy, consumer spending, competition, demographics and consumer preferences, and production spending. Companies in the consumer staples sector are also affected by changes in government regulation, global economic, environmental and political events, economic conditions and the depletion of resources. In addition, companies in the consumer staples sector may be subject to risks pertaining to the supply of, demand for and prices of raw materials. The prices of raw materials fluctuate in response to a number of factors, including, without limitation, changes in government agricultural support programs, exchange rates, import and export controls, changes in international agricultural and trading policies, and seasonal and weather conditions.
Currency risk. Changes in currency exchange rates may affect the value of the fund’s investments and the fund’s share price. Because the fund does not attempt to hedge against changes in the value of non-US currencies, the fund’s US dollar share price may go down if the value of the local currency of the non−US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. The value of the US dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, global energy prices, political instability and government monetary policies and
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the buying or selling of currency by a country’s government. Currency exchange rates can be volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably, thereby impacting the value of the fund’s investments.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a
number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making
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markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may
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invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund
will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
Prior to February 13, 2018, the fund operated with a different investment strategy. Performance would have been different if the fund’s current investment strategy had been in effect. Fund returns prior to February 13, 2018 reflect those of the fund when it was tracking the prior underlying index.
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
shares |
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MSCI EAFE High Divi-
dend Yield Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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MSCI EAFE Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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Effective February 13, 2018, the fund changed its underlying index to the MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Index from the MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Hedged Equity
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Index. Returns shown above for the MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Index prior to February 13, 2018 reflect the performance of the MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Hedged Equity Index.
Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI EMU IMI US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 7% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of equity securities based in the countries in the European Monetary Union (the “EMU”), while seeking to mitigate exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the euro. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that
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collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The Underlying Index is composed of equities from countries in the EMU, or the “Eurozone,” that have adopted the euro as their common currency and sole legal tender. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 691 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $7.06 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $58.8 million from issuers in the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal and Spain. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in equity securities from issuers in the Eurozone. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from France (35.09%) and Germany (24.56%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the industrials (16.52%) and consumer discretionary (15.60%) sectors. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. The consumer discretionary goods sector includes durable goods, apparel, entertainment and leisure, and automobiles. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index
that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to the euro based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions
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taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN
RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness.
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Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Consumer discretionary sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer discretionary sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer discretionary sector. Companies engaged in the consumer discretionary sector are subject to fluctuations in supply and demand. These companies may also be adversely affected by changes in consumer spending as a result of world events, political and economic conditions, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund’s forward currency contracts may not be successful in minimizing the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies against the US dollar. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in the Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in the Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of non-US currencies against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. Therefore, the value of an investment in the fund may also go up or down quickly and unpredictably and investors may lose money. NDFs may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks
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discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may
differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes
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in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. The bid-ask spread of the fund may be wider in comparison to the bid-ask spread of other ETFs, given the liquidity of the fund’s assets and the Underlying Index’s (and thus the fund’s) hedging strategy. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable
conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited
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or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own
actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
shares |
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MSCI EMU IMI US
Dollar Hedged Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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MSCI EMU IMI Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than
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NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks
Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
Investment Objective
Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI EM US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track emerging market performance while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the currencies of the countries included in the Underlying Index. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least
80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 1,380 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $4.69 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $124.3 million, from issuers in the following countries: Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of issuers from emerging markets countries and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to non-US currencies.
Emerging market countries are countries that major international financial institutions, such as the World Bank, generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations. Emerging market countries can include every nation in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and most countries located in Western Europe. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from China (32.04%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials (21.50%) and information technology (20.07%) sectors. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. The information technology sector includes companies engaged in developing software and providing data processing and outsourced
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services, along with manufacturing and distributing communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment and instruments. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may also invest in depositary receipts in respect of equity securities that comprise its Underlying Index to seek performance that corresponds to the fund’s respective Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to instruments that comprise the applicable Underlying Index. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and in certain types of derivatives instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure. The fund hedges each foreign currency in the portfolio to US dollars by selling the applicable foreign currency forward at the one-month forward rate published by WM/Reuters.
The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to each non-US currency based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month. While this approach is designed to minimize the impact of currency fluctuations on fund returns, this does not necessarily eliminate exposure to all currency fluctuations. The return of the forward
currency contracts may not perfectly offset the actual fluctuations of non-US currencies relative to the US dollar. The fund may use non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts to execute its hedging transactions. An NDF is a contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at maturity (as opposed to deliverable forward contracts, which per their terms are settled by physical delivery of the currencies). Rather, based on the movement of the currencies and the contractually agreed upon exchange rate, a net cash settlement is made by one party to the other in US dollars.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The fund expects to use futures contracts to a limited extent in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index. A futures contract is a standardized exchange traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
In addition, the fund may invest in structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
MSCI EM US Dollar Hedged Index
Number of Components: approximately 1,380
Index Description. The MSCI EM US Dollar Hedged Index is designed to provide exposure to equity securities in the global emerging markets, while at the same time mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and selected emerging market currencies. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of issuers from the following 24 emerging market countries: Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates.
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Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the
COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open
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on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
Emerging market securities risk. Investment in emerging markets subjects the fund to a greater risk of loss than investments in a developed market. This is due to, among other things, (i) greater market volatility, (ii) lower trading volume, (iii) political and economic instability, (iv) high levels of inflation, deflation or currency devaluation, (v) greater risk of market shut down, (vi) more governmental limitations on foreign investments and limitations on repatriation of invested capital than those typically found in a developed market, and (vii) the risk that companies may be held to lower disclosure, corporate governance, auditing and financial reporting standards than companies in more developed markets.
The financial stability of issuers (including governments) in emerging market countries may be more precarious than in other countries. As a result, there will tend to be an increased risk of price volatility in the fund’s investments in emerging market countries, which may be magnified by currency fluctuations relative to the US dollar.
Settlement practices for transactions in foreign markets, particularly in emerging markets, may differ from those in US markets. Such differences include delays beyond periods customary in the US and practices, such as delivery of securities prior to receipt of payment, which increase the likelihood of a “failed settlement.” Failed settlements can result in losses to the fund. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle, and governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. Local agents are held only to the standards of care of their local markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide
reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Certain events in the financials sector may cause an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, and cause certain financials sector companies to incur large losses. Securities of financials sector companies may experience a decline in value when such companies experience substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, take action to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or cease operations. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and financial losses associated with investment activities can negatively impact the financials sector. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets can be particularly affected by market turmoil.
Information technology sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the information technology sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the information technology sector. Information technology companies are particularly vulnerable to government regulation and competition, both domestically and internationally, including competition from foreign competitors with lower production costs. Information technology companies also face competition for services of qualified personnel. Additionally, the products of information technology companies may face obsolescence due to rapid technological development and frequent new product introduction by competitors. Finally, information technology companies are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights, the loss or impairment of which may adversely affect profitability.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated
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with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund invests in forward currency contracts to attempt to minimize the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in its Underlying Index against the US dollar.
These contracts may not be successful. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful in hedging against such changes, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down if the value of the local currency of the non-US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. In order to minimize transaction costs or for other reasons, the fund’s exposure to the currencies included in the Underlying Index may not be fully hedged at all times. For example, the fund may not hedge against exposure to currencies that represent a relatively smaller portion of the Underlying Index. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in each fund’s Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in each fund’s Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in the fund’s Underlying Index against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
A forward currency contract is a negotiated agreement between two parties to exchange specified amounts of two or more currencies at a specified future time at a specified rate. The rate specified by the forward currency contract can be higher or lower than the spot rate between the currencies that are the subject of the contract. Settlement of a forward currency contract for the purchase of most currencies typically must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. By entering into a forward currency
contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of dollars or other currency, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions, the fund may be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the US dollar or other currency which is being used for the security purchase and the foreign currency in which the security is denominated during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received. Furthermore, such transactions reduce or preclude the opportunity for gain if the value of the currency should move in the direction opposite to the position taken. There is an additional risk to the extent that forward currency contracts create exposure to currencies in which the fund’s securities are not denominated. Unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in poorer overall performance for the fund than if it had not entered into such contracts. Forward currency contracts may limit gains on portfolio securities that could otherwise be realized had they not been utilized and could result in losses. The contracts also may increase the fund’s volatility and may involve a significant amount of risk relative to the investment of cash.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. The foreign currency markets in which the fund effects its transactions are over-the-counter or “interdealer” markets. The counterparty to an over-the counter spot contract is generally a single bank or other financial institution rather than a clearing organization backed by a group of financial institutions. Participants in over-the-counter markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as members of exchange-based” markets. Because the funds execute over-the-counter transactions, the fund constantly takes credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and may also bear the risk of settlement default. These risks may differ materially from those involved in exchange-traded transactions which generally are characterized by clearing organization guaranties, daily marking-to-market and settlement, and segregation and minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Transactions entered into directly between two counterparties generally do not benefit from these protections and the fund is
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subject to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with agreed terms and conditions.
Further, if a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, the fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The fund may obtain only limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances. In addition, the fund may enter into agreements with a limited number of counterparties which may increase that fund’s exposure to counterparty credit risk.
Because a contract’s terms may provide for collateral to cover the variation margin exposure arising under the contract only if a minimum transfer amount is triggered, the fund may have an uncollateralized risk exposure to a counterparty.
The use of spot foreign exchange contracts may also expose the fund to legal risk, which is the risk of loss due to the unexpected application of a law or regulation, or because contracts are not legally enforceable.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have
limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate
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from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly
from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that
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trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
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Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Risk of investing in China. Investments in China involve certain risks and special considerations, including the following:
Political and economic risk. The economy of China, which has been in a state of transition from a planned economy to a more market oriented economy, differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including the level of government involvement, its state of development, its growth rate, control of foreign exchange, and allocation of resources. Although the majority of productive assets in China are still owned by the PRC government at various levels, in recent years, the PRC government has implemented economic reform measures emphasizing utilization of market forces in the development of the economy of China and a high level of management autonomy. The economy of China has experienced significant growth in recent decades, but growth has been uneven both geographically and among various sectors of the economy. Economic growth has also been accompanied by periods of high inflation. The PRC government has implemented various measures from time to time to control inflation and restrain the rate of economic growth.
For several decades, the PRC government has carried out economic reforms to achieve decentralization and utilization of market forces to develop the economy of the PRC. These reforms have resulted in significant economic growth and social progress. However, there can be no assurance that the PRC government will continue to pursue such economic policies or that such policies, if pursued, will be successful. Any adjustment and modification of those economic policies may have an adverse impact on the securities markets in the PRC as well as the constituent securities of the Underlying Index. Further,
the PRC government may from time to time adopt corrective measures to control the growth of the PRC economy which may also have an adverse impact on the capital growth and performance of the fund.
Political changes, social instability and adverse diplomatic developments in the PRC could result in the imposition of additional government restrictions including expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxes or nationalization of some or all of the property held by the issuers of the A-Shares in the fund’s Underlying Index. The laws, regulations, including the investment regulations, government policies and political and economic climate in China may change with little or no advance notice. Any such change could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of securities in the fund’s portfolio.
The Chinese government continues to be an active participant in many economic sectors through ownership positions and regulations. The allocation of resources in China is subject to a high level of government control. The Chinese government strictly regulates the payment of foreign currency denominated obligations and sets monetary policy. Through its policies, the government may provide preferential treatment to particular industries or companies. Recently, the Chinese government has become more aggressive about regulating the operations of particular companies or sectors, including large companies which are indirectly listed in the US. These regulations may substantially limit or prohibit the operations of such companies and cause investors to lose some or all of the value of their investment. The policies set by the government could have a substantial effect on the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments.
The Chinese economy is export-driven and highly reliant on trade. The performance of the Chinese economy may differ favorably or unfavorably from the US economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation, currency depreciation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. The domestic consumer class in China is still emergent, while the economy's dependence on exports may not be sustainable. Adverse changes to the economic conditions of its primary trading partners, such as the European Union, the US, Hong Kong, the Association of South East Asian Nations, and Japan, would adversely affect the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments.
In addition, as much of China’s growth over recent decades has been a result of significant investment in substantial export trade, international trade tensions may arise from time to time which can result in trade tariffs, embargoes, trade limitations, trade wars and other negative consequences. The current political climate has intensified concerns about trade tariffs and a potential trade war between China and the US. These consequences may trigger a significant reduction in international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial
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price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of China’s export industry with a potentially severe negative impact to the fund. In addition, it is possible that the continuation or worsening of the current political climate could result in regulatory restrictions being contemplated or imposed in the US or in China that could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective. In July 2020, the President’s Working Group on Financial Markets (“PWG”) proposed a number of regulatory changes aimed at addressing potential risks to US investors from investments in issuers that provide limited access to their financial statements, including Chinese companies. The PWG’s proposals included having the SEC consider encouraging or requiring US registered funds to conduct additional due diligence on an index’s exposure to such issuers and how the index provider addresses concerns arising from limited availability of such issuers’ financial information. If the SEC adopts these proposals, they could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index. In addition, in June 2021, the President of the United States issued an executive order (“CMIC Order”) prohibiting US persons, including the fund, from purchasing or selling publicly traded securities (including publicly traded securities that are derivative of, or are designed to provide exposure to, such securities) of any Chinese company identified as a Chinese Military Industrial Complex Company (“CMIC”). This prohibition, effective August 2, 2021, expands on similar sanctions imposed by the prior administration on certain designated Chinese military companies (“CCMCs”) that took effect in January 2021. To the extent that any company in the Underlying Index is identified as a CMIC at any time (or was previously designated as a CCMC), it may have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. Also,in December 2020, the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“HFCAA”) was signed into law. Since the HFCAA was signed, the SEC has placed many Chinese companies listed on a US stock exchange on a watchlist, indicating that securities of foreign issuers (including China) will be de-listed from US stock exchanges if those companies do not permit US oversight of the auditing of their financial information. The potential impact of the HFCAA is unclear at this time, but to the extent that the fund currently transacts in securities of a foreign company in the Underlying Index on a US exchange but is unable to do so in the future, the fund will have to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities or obtain exposure to such securities through alternative means (such as derivatives), either of which could increase the fund’s costs and have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index. Finally, the Chair of the SEC announced in July 2021 that the SEC would be requiring additional disclosures about the corporate structure of Chinese companies listing in the US (pursuant to which
US investors own shares in an offshore shell company rather than the Chinese company itself) and the risks to US investors, including the risks of such companies being delisted from the US exchange under the HFCAA. Events such as these are difficult to predict and may or may not occur in the future.
China has been transitioning to a market economy since the late seventies, and has only recently opened up to foreign investment and permitted private economic activity. Under the economic reforms implemented by the Chinese government, the Chinese economy has experienced tremendous growth, developing into one of the largest and fastest growing economies in the world. There is no assurance, however, that the Chinese government will not revert to the economic policy of central planning that it implemented prior to 1978 or that such growth will be sustained in the future. An economic downturn in China would adversely impact the fund’s investments.
From time to time, and as recently as early 2020 with the coronavirus known as COVID-19, China has experienced outbreaks of infectious illnesses, and the country may be subject to other infectious illnesses, diseases or other public health emergencies in the future. Any public health emergency could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the fund’s investments. These risks may be heightened to the extent China pursues a “zero COVID” or similar strategy that attempts to eradicate the incidence of a disease for extended periods, thus leading to shutdowns or other interventions which affect the Chinese and/or global economy for periods beyond that which might be caused by the public health policies of other countries.
Inflation. Economic growth in China has historically been accompanied by periods of high inflation. Beginning in 2004, the Chinese government commenced the implementation of various measures to control inflation, which included the tightening of the money supply, the raising of interest rates and more stringent control over certain industries. If these measures are not successful, and if inflation were to steadily increase, the performance of the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments could be adversely affected.
Nationalization and expropriation. After the formation of the Chinese socialist state in 1949, the Chinese government renounced various debt obligations and nationalized private assets without providing any form of compensation. There can be no assurance that the Chinese government will not take similar actions in the future. Accordingly, an investment in the fund involves a risk of a total loss.
Hong Kong policy. As part of Hong Kong’s transition from British to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, China agreed to allow Hong Kong to maintain a high degree of autonomy with regard to its political, legal and economic systems for
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a period of at least 50 years. China controls matters that relate to defense and foreign affairs. Under the agreement, China does not tax Hong Kong, does not limit the exchange of the Hong Kong dollar for foreign currencies and does not place restrictions on free trade in Hong Kong. However, there is no guarantee that China will continue to honor the agreement, and China may change its policies regarding Hong Kong at any time. As of July 2020, the Chinese Standing Committee of the National People's Congress enacted the Law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, (the “Hong Kong Law”), which imposed substantial limits on Hong Kong’s political and legal autonomy in a manner widely considered within Hong Kong and by other countries as a violation of China’s agreement in 1997. Hong Kong has experienced wide protests and extensive turmoil before and after the enactment of this law. Also as of July 2020, Hong Kong is no longer afforded preferential economic treatment by the United States under US law, and there is uncertainty as to how the economy of Hong Kong will be affected. Any further changes in China's policies could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of securities in the fund’s portfolio.
Chinese securities markets. The securities markets in China have a limited operating history and are not as developed as those in the US. The markets tend to be smaller in size, have less liquidity and historically have had greater volatility than markets in the US and some other countries. In addition, under normal market conditions, there is less regulation and monitoring of Chinese securities markets and the activities of investors, brokers and other participants than in the US. Accordingly, issuers of securities in China are not subject to the same degree of regulation as are US issuers with respect to such matters as insider trading rules, tender offer regulation, stockholder proxy requirements and the requirements mandating timely disclosure of information. During periods of significant market volatility, the Chinese government has, from time to time, intervened in its domestic securities markets to a greater degree than would be typical in more developed markets, including both direct and indirect market stabilization efforts, which may affect valuations of Chinese issuers. Stock markets in China are in the process of change and further development. This may lead to trading volatility, difficulty in the settlement and recording of transactions and difficulty in interpreting and applying the relevant regulations.
Available disclosure about Chinese companies. Chinese companies are required to follow Chinese accounting standards and practices, which only follow international accounting standards to a certain extent. However, the accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices applicable to People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”) companies, including those listed on US exchanges, may be less rigorous, and there may be significant differences between financial statements prepared
in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and practice and those prepared in accordance with international accounting standards. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of a Chinese issuer may not reflect its financial position or results of operations in the way they would be reflected had such financial statements been prepared in accordance with US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The quality of audits in China may be unreliable, which may require enhanced procedures. Consequently, the fund may not be provided the same degree of protection or information as would generally apply in developed countries and the fund may be exposed to significant losses. There is also substantially less publicly available information about Chinese issuers than there is about US issuers. Therefore, disclosure of certain material information may not be made, and less information may be available to the fund and other investors than would be the case if the fund’s investments were restricted to securities of US issuers. Under the HFCAA, Chinese companies with securities listed in the US may be delisted if they do not meet US accounting and auditor oversight requirements, which could cause the fund to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities or obtain exposure to such securities through alternative means (such as derivatives), either of which could increase the fund's costs and have a material adverse effect on the fund's ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index.
Chinese corporate and securities law. Legal principles relating to corporate affairs and the validity of corporate procedures, directors’ fiduciary duties and liabilities and stockholders’ rights often differ from those that may apply in the US and other countries. Chinese laws providing protection to investors, such as laws regarding the fiduciary duties of officers and directors, are undeveloped and will not provide investors, such as the fund, with protection in all situations where protection would be provided by comparable laws in the US.
China lacks a national set of laws that address all issues that may arise with regard to a foreign investor such as the fund. It may therefore be difficult for the fund to enforce its rights as an investor under Chinese corporate and securities laws, and it may be difficult or impossible for the fund to obtain a judgment in court. Moreover, as Chinese corporate and securities laws continue to develop, these developments may adversely affect foreign investors, such as the fund.
Due to restrictions on foreign ownership of Chinese companies imposed under Chinese law, Chinese companies that are listed in the US typically do not offer common stock in the company itself to US investors. Rather, Chinese companies typically offer shares of an offshore shell company (typically referred to as a “variable interest entity” or “VIE”) that has entered into service and other contracts with the Chinese company. Accordingly, US investors in Chinese companies listed on a US stock exchange do not actually own shares of the Chinese
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company itself. The US-listed shell company does not control the Chinese company and must rely on the Chinese company to perform its contractual obligations (which, as noted above, are governed by Chinese corporate and securities laws that are less protective of shareholders than US laws). Moreover, the Chinese government may at any time invalidate or limit the contracts between a Chinese company and the offshore shell company which is offering shares in the US, which may result in the partial or total loss of the value of a US investor's shares in the offshore shell company even if a direct investment in the Chinese company would retain value.
Other sanctions and embargoes. From time to time, certain of the companies in which the fund expects to invest may operate in, or have dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the US government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the US government as state sponsors of terrorism. A company may suffer damage to its reputation if it is identified as a company which operates in, or has dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the US government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the US government as state sponsors of terrorism. As an investor in such companies, the fund will be indirectly subject to those risks.
Cash redemption risk. Because the fund invests a portion of its assets in forward currency contracts, the fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. In addition, the fund may be required to unwind such contracts or sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the fund to recognize income that it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result the fund may pay out more taxable distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used. Only APs who have entered into an agreement with the fund’s distributor may redeem shares from the fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
Investment Objective
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI EAFE US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track developed market performance while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the
currencies of the countries included in the Underlying Index. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 802 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $17.82 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $521.7 million, from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of issuers from Europe, Australia and the Far East and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to non-US currencies. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from Japan (22.40%) and the United Kingdom (15.73%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials (17.22%) and industrials (15.41%) sectors. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks,
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as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may also invest in depositary receipts in respect of equity securities that comprise its Underlying Index to seek performance that corresponds to the fund’s respective Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to instruments that comprise the applicable Underlying Index. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and in certain types of derivatives instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure. The fund hedges each foreign currency in the portfolio to US dollars by selling the applicable foreign currency forward at the one-month forward rate published by WM/Reuters.
The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to each non-US currency based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month. While this approach is designed to minimize the impact of currency fluctuations on fund returns, this does not necessarily eliminate exposure to all currency fluctuations. The return of the forward currency contracts may not perfectly offset the actual fluctuations of non-US currencies relative to the US dollar. The fund may use non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts to execute its hedging transactions. An NDF is a contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at maturity (as opposed to deliverable forward contracts, which per their terms are settled by physical delivery of the currencies). Rather, based on the movement of the currencies and the contractually agreed upon exchange rate, a net cash settlement is made by one party to the other in US dollars.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The fund expects to use futures contracts to a limited extent in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index. A futures contract is a standardized exchange traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
In addition, the fund may invest in structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
MSCI EAFE US Dollar Hedged Index
Number of Components: approximately 802
Index Description. The MSCI EAFE US Dollar Hedged Index is designed to provide exposure to equity securities in developed international stock markets, while at the same time mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and selected non-US currencies. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of issuers from the following 20 developed market countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,
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Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased
economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain
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situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness. Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level
support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Certain events in the financials sector may cause an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, and cause certain financials sector companies to incur large losses. Securities of financials sector companies may experience a decline in value when such companies experience substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, take action to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or cease operations. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and financial losses associated with investment activities can negatively impact the financials sector. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets can be particularly affected by market turmoil.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
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Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund invests in forward currency contracts to attempt to minimize the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in its Underlying Index against the US dollar.
These contracts may not be successful. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful in hedging against such changes, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down if the value of the local currency of the non-US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. In order to minimize transaction costs or for other reasons, the fund’s exposure to the currencies included in the Underlying Index may not be fully hedged at all times. For example, the fund may not hedge against exposure to currencies that represent a relatively smaller portion of the Underlying Index. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in each fund’s Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in each fund’s Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in the fund’s Underlying Index against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
A forward currency contract is a negotiated agreement between two parties to exchange specified amounts of two or more currencies at a specified future time at a specified rate. The rate specified by the forward currency
contract can be higher or lower than the spot rate between the currencies that are the subject of the contract. Settlement of a forward currency contract for the purchase of most currencies typically must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. By entering into a forward currency contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of dollars or other currency, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions, the fund may be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the US dollar or other currency which is being used for the security purchase and the foreign currency in which the security is denominated during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received. Furthermore, such transactions reduce or preclude the opportunity for gain if the value of the currency should move in the direction opposite to the position taken. There is an additional risk to the extent that forward currency contracts create exposure to currencies in which the fund’s securities are not denominated. Unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in poorer overall performance for the fund than if it had not entered into such contracts. Forward currency contracts may limit gains on portfolio securities that could otherwise be realized had they not been utilized and could result in losses. The contracts also may increase the fund’s volatility and may involve a significant amount of risk relative to the investment of cash.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. The foreign currency markets in which the fund effects its transactions are over-the-counter or “interdealer” markets. The counterparty to an over-the counter spot contract is generally a single bank or other financial institution rather than a clearing organization backed by a group of financial institutions. Participants in over-the-counter markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as members of exchange-based” markets. Because the funds execute over-the-counter transactions, the fund constantly takes credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and may also bear the risk of settlement default. These risks may differ materially from those involved in exchange-traded transactions which generally are characterized by
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clearing organization guaranties, daily marking-to-market and settlement, and segregation and minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Transactions entered into directly between two counterparties generally do not benefit from these protections and the fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with agreed terms and conditions.
Further, if a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, the fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The fund may obtain only limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances. In addition, the fund may enter into agreements with a limited number of counterparties which may increase that fund’s exposure to counterparty credit risk.
Because a contract’s terms may provide for collateral to cover the variation margin exposure arising under the contract only if a minimum transfer amount is triggered, the fund may have an uncollateralized risk exposure to a counterparty.
The use of spot foreign exchange contracts may also expose the fund to legal risk, which is the risk of loss due to the unexpected application of a law or regulation, or because contracts are not legally enforceable.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying
Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market
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volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market
participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
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Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a
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discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Risks related to investing in Japan. The growth of Japan’s economy has historically lagged behind that of its Asian neighbors and other major developed economies. The Japanese economy is heavily dependent on international trade and has been adversely affected by trade tariffs, other protectionist measures, competition from emerging economies and the economic conditions of its trading partners. Japan’s relations with its neighbors, particularly China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, have at times been strained due to territorial disputes, historical animosities and defense concerns. Most recently, the Japanese government has shown concern over the increased nuclear and military activity by North Korea. Strained relations may cause uncertainty in the Japanese markets and adversely affect the overall Japanese economy in times of crisis. China has become an important trading partner with Japan, yet the countries’ political relationship has become strained. Should political tension increase, it could adversely affect the economy, especially the export sector, and destabilize the region as a whole. Japan is located in a part of the world that has historically been prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis and is economically sensitive to environmental events. Any such event, such as the major earthquake and tsunami which struck Japan in March 2011, could result in a significant adverse impact on the Japanese economy. Japan also remains heavily dependent on oil imports, and higher commodity prices could therefore have a negative impact on the economy. Furthermore, Japanese corporations often engage in high levels of corporate leveraging, extensive cross-purchases of the securities of other corporations and are subject to a changing corporate governance structure. Japan may be
subject to risks relating to political, economic and labor risks. Any of these risks, individually or in the aggregate, could adversely affect investments in the fund.
Historically, Japan has been subject to unpredictable national politics and may experience frequent political turnover. Future political developments may lead to changes in policy that might adversely affect the fund’s investments. In addition, the Japanese economy faces several concerns, including a financial system with large levels of nonperforming loans, over-leveraged corporate balance sheets, extensive cross- ownership by major corporations, a changing corporate governance structure, and large government deficits. The Japanese yen has fluctuated widely at times and any increase in its value may cause a decline in exports that could weaken the economy. Furthermore, Japan has an aging workforce. It is a labor market undergoing fundamental structural changes, as traditional lifetime employment clashes with the need for increased labor mobility, which may adversely affect Japan’s economic competitiveness.
Risks related to investing in the United Kingdom. Investment in British issuers may subject the fund to regulatory, political, currency, security, and economic risks specific to the United Kingdom. The British economy relies heavily on export of financial services to the US and other European countries. A prolonged slowdown in the financial services sector may have a negative impact on the British economy. In the past, the United Kingdom has been a target of terrorism. Acts of terrorism in the United Kingdom or against British interests abroad may cause uncertainty in the British financial markets and adversely affect the performance of the issuers to which the fund has exposure. The British economy, along with the US and certain other EU economies, experienced a significant economic slowdown during the financial crisis.
In a referendum held on June 23, 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom voted to leave the EU, creating economic, political and legal uncertainty in its wake. Consequently, the United Kingdom government, pursuant to the Treaty of Lisbon (the “Treaty”), officially withdrew from the EU on January 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement (the Trade Agreement) which took effect on May 1, 2021. The United Kingdom is no longer part of the EU customs union and single market, nor is it subject to EU policies and international agreements. Among other things, the Trade Agreement provides for zero tariffs and zero quotas on all goods that comply with appropriate rules of origin and establishes the treatment and level of access the United Kingdom and EU have agreed to grant each other’s service suppliers and investors. In addition to trade in goods and services and investment, the Trade Agreement also covers digital trade, intellectual property, public procurement, aviation and road transport, energy, fisheries, social security coordination, law enforcement and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, thematic cooperation and participation in
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EU programs. Even with the Trade Agreement in place, the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU may create new barriers to trade in goods and services and to cross-border mobility and exchanges, including with respect to trade in financial services which is not comprehensively addressed in the Trade Agreement and remains subject to negotiation between the United Kingdom and the EU. The long-term impact of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU is still unknown and could have adverse economic and political effects on the United Kingdom, the EU and its member countries, and the global economy, including financial markets and asset valuations.
The United Kingdom has one of the largest economies in Europe, and member countries of the EU are substantial trading partners of the United Kingdom. The City of London’s economy is dominated by financial services, some of which may have to move outside of the United Kingdom post-withdrawal (e.g., currency trading, international settlement). With the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU, banks may be forced to move staff and comply with two separate sets of rules or lose business to banks in Europe. Furthermore, the withdrawal creates the potential for decreased trade, the possibility of capital outflows, devaluation of the pound sterling, the cost of higher corporate bond spreads due to uncertainty, and the risk that all the above could damage business and consumer spending as well as foreign direct investment. As a result of the withdrawal, the British economy and its currency may be negatively impacted by changes to its economic and political relations with the EU.
The impact of the withdrawal in the near- and long-term is still unknown and could have additional adverse effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world.
Cash redemption risk. Because the fund invests a portion of its assets in forward currency contracts, the fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. In addition, the fund may be required to unwind such contracts or sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the fund to recognize income that it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result the fund may pay out more taxable distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used. Only APs who have entered into an agreement with the fund’s distributor may redeem shares from the fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI Germany US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of the German equity market while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the euro. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 60 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $18.07 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $606.8 million. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of German issuers and
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in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to the euro. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was solely comprised of securities of issuers from Germany.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the industrials (17.79%), consumer discretionary (16.53%) and financials (15.88%) sectors. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. The consumer discretionary goods sector includes durable goods, apparel, entertainment and leisure, and automobiles. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The fund may also invest in depositary receipts in respect of equity securities that comprise its Underlying Index to seek performance that corresponds to the fund’s respective Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to instruments that comprise the applicable Underlying Index. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and in certain types of derivatives instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
While the fund is currently classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, it may operate as or become classified as “diversified” over time. The fund could again become non-diversified solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure. The fund enters into forward currency contracts designed to offset the fund’s exposure to the euro. The fund hedges the euro to the US dollar by selling euro currency forwards at the one-month forward rate published by WM/Reuters. The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to the euro based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month. While this approach is designed to minimize the impact of currency fluctuations on fund returns, this does not necessarily eliminate exposure to all currency fluctuations. The return of the forward currency contracts may not perfectly offset the actual fluctuations of the euro relative to the US dollar.
The fund may use non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts to execute its hedging transactions. An NDF is a contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at maturity (as opposed to deliverable forward contracts, which per their terms are settled by physical delivery of the currencies). Rather, based on the movement of the currencies and the contractually agreed upon exchange rate, a net cash settlement is made by one party to the other in US dollars.Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The fund expects to use futures contracts to a limited extent in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index. A futures contract is a standardized exchange traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
In addition, the fund may invest in structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the
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value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
MSCI Germany US Dollar Hedged Index
Number of Components: approximately 60
Index Description. The MSCI Germany US Dollar Hedged Index is designed to provide exposure to German equity markets, while at the same time mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the euro.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions
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outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
Risks related to investing in Germany. The German economy is dependent on the other countries in Europe as key trade partners. Exports account for more than one-third of Germany’s output and are a key element in German economic expansion. Reduction in spending by European countries on German products and services or negative changes in any of these countries may cause an adverse impact on the German economy. In addition, the US is a large trade and investment partner of Germany. Decreasing US imports, new trade regulations, changes in the US dollar exchange rates or a recession in the US may also have an adverse impact on the German economy.
During the most recent financial crisis, the German economy, along with certain other EU economies, experienced a significant economic slowdown. Recently, new concerns emerged in relation to the economic health of the EU. These concerns have led to tremendous downward pressure on certain financial institutions, including German financial services companies. During the recent European debt crisis, Germany played a key role in stabilizing the euro. However, such efforts may prove
unsuccessful, and any ongoing crisis may continue to significantly affect the economies of every country in Europe, including Germany.
Investing in German issuers involves political, social and regulatory risks. Certain sectors and regions of Germany have experienced high unemployment and social unrest. These issues may have an adverse effect on the German economy or the German industries or sectors in which the fund invests. Heavy regulation of labor and product markets is pervasive in Germany. These regulations may stifle economic growth or result in extended recessionary periods.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness. Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are
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less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Consumer discretionary sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer discretionary sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer discretionary sector. Companies engaged in the consumer discretionary sector are subject to fluctuations in supply and demand. These companies may also be adversely affected by changes in consumer spending as a result of world events, political and economic conditions, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Certain events in the financials sector may cause an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, and cause certain financials sector companies to incur large losses. Securities of financials sector companies may experience a decline in value when such companies experience substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, take action to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or cease operations. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and financial losses associated with investment activities can
negatively impact the financials sector. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets can be particularly affected by market turmoil.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund invests in forward currency contracts to attempt to minimize the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in its Underlying Index against the US dollar.
These contracts may not be successful. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful in hedging against such changes, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down if the value of the local currency of the non-US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. In order to minimize transaction costs or for other reasons, the fund’s exposure to the currencies included in the Underlying Index may not be fully hedged at all times. For example, the fund may not hedge against exposure to currencies that represent a relatively smaller portion of the Underlying Index. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in each fund’s Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in each fund’s Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in the fund’s Underlying Index against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
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A forward currency contract is a negotiated agreement between two parties to exchange specified amounts of two or more currencies at a specified future time at a specified rate. The rate specified by the forward currency contract can be higher or lower than the spot rate between the currencies that are the subject of the contract. Settlement of a forward currency contract for the purchase of most currencies typically must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. By entering into a forward currency contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of dollars or other currency, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions, the fund may be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the US dollar or other currency which is being used for the security purchase and the foreign currency in which the security is denominated during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received. Furthermore, such transactions reduce or preclude the opportunity for gain if the value of the currency should move in the direction opposite to the position taken. There is an additional risk to the extent that forward currency contracts create exposure to currencies in which the fund’s securities are not denominated. Unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in poorer overall performance for the fund than if it had not entered into such contracts. Forward currency contracts may limit gains on portfolio securities that could otherwise be realized had they not been utilized and could result in losses. The contracts also may increase the fund’s volatility and may involve a significant amount of risk relative to the investment of cash.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. The foreign currency markets in which the fund effects its transactions are over-the-counter or “interdealer” markets. The counterparty to an over-the counter spot contract is generally a single bank or other financial institution rather than a clearing organization backed by a group of financial institutions. Participants in over-the-counter markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as members of exchange-based” markets. Because the funds execute over-the-counter transactions, the fund constantly
takes credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and may also bear the risk of settlement default. These risks may differ materially from those involved in exchange-traded transactions which generally are characterized by clearing organization guaranties, daily marking-to-market and settlement, and segregation and minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Transactions entered into directly between two counterparties generally do not benefit from these protections and the fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with agreed terms and conditions.
Further, if a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, the fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The fund may obtain only limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances. In addition, the fund may enter into agreements with a limited number of counterparties which may increase that fund’s exposure to counterparty credit risk.
Because a contract’s terms may provide for collateral to cover the variation margin exposure arising under the contract only if a minimum transfer amount is triggered, the fund may have an uncollateralized risk exposure to a counterparty.
The use of spot foreign exchange contracts may also expose the fund to legal risk, which is the risk of loss due to the unexpected application of a law or regulation, or because contracts are not legally enforceable.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or
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accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on
market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the
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creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by
large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may
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emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled
“Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Cash redemption risk. Because the fund invests a portion of its assets in forward currency contracts, the fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. In addition, the fund may be required to unwind such contracts or sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the fund to recognize income that it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result the fund may pay out more taxable distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used. Only APs who have entered into an agreement with the fund’s distributor may redeem shares from the fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Non-diversification risk. The fund is classified as non-diversified under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
If the fund becomes classified as “diversified” over time and again becomes non-diversified as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track, non-diversification risk would apply.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Xtrackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI Japan US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
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Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of the Japanese equity market while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the Japanese yen. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 238 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $13.45 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $1.95 billion. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of Japanese issuers and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to the Japanese yen. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was solely comprised of securities of issuers from Japan.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the industrials (22.27%) and consumer discretionary (18.82%) sectors. The industrials sector includes companies
engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. The consumer discretionary goods sector includes durable goods, apparel, entertainment and leisure, and automobiles. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The fund may also invest in depositary receipts in respect of equity securities that comprise its Underlying Index to seek performance that corresponds to the fund’s respective Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to instruments that comprise the applicable Underlying Index. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and in certain types of derivatives instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure. The fund enters into forward currency contracts designed to offset the fund’s exposure to the Japanese yen. The fund hedges the Japanese yen to the US dollar by selling Japanese yen currency forwards at the one-month forward rate published by WM/Reuters.
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The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to the Japanese yen based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month. While this approach is designed to minimize the impact of currency fluctuations on fund returns, this does not necessarily eliminate exposure to all currency fluctuations. The return of the forward currency contracts may not perfectly offset the actual fluctuations of the Japanese yen relative to the US dollar. The fund may use non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts to execute its hedging transactions. An NDF is a contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at maturity (as opposed to deliverable forward contracts, which per their terms are settled by physical delivery of the currencies). Rather, based on the movement of the currencies and the contractually agreed upon exchange rate, a net cash settlement is made by one party to the other in US dollars.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The fund expects to use futures contracts to a limited extent in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index. A futures contract is a standardized exchange traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
In addition, the fund may invest in structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
MSCI Japan US Dollar Hedged Index
Number of Components: approximately 238
Index Description. The MSCI Japan US Dollar Hedged Index is designed to provide exposure to Japanese equity markets, while at the same time mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and Japanese yen.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the
main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new
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variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
Risks related to investing in Japan. The growth of Japan’s economy has historically lagged behind that of its Asian neighbors and other major developed economies. The Japanese economy is heavily dependent on international trade and has been adversely affected by trade tariffs, other protectionist measures, competition from emerging economies and the economic conditions of its trading partners. Japan’s relations with its neighbors, particularly China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, have at times been strained due to territorial disputes, historical animosities and defense concerns. Most recently, the Japanese government has shown concern over the increased nuclear and military activity by North Korea. Strained relations may cause uncertainty in the Japanese markets and adversely affect the overall Japanese economy in times of crisis. China has become an important trading partner with Japan, yet the countries’ political relationship has become strained. Should political tension increase, it could adversely affect the economy, especially the export sector, and destabilize the region as a whole. Japan is located in a part of the world that has historically been prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis and is economically sensitive to environmental events. Any such event, such as the major earthquake and tsunami which struck Japan in March 2011, could result in a significant adverse impact on the Japanese economy. Japan also remains heavily dependent on oil imports, and higher commodity prices could therefore have a negative impact on the economy. Furthermore, Japanese corporations often engage in high levels of corporate leveraging, extensive cross-purchases of the securities of other corporations and are subject to a changing corporate governance structure. Japan may be subject to risks relating to political, economic and labor risks. Any of these risks, individually or in the aggregate, could adversely affect investments in the fund.
Historically, Japan has been subject to unpredictable national politics and may experience frequent political turnover. Future political developments may lead to changes in policy that might adversely affect the fund’s investments. In addition, the Japanese economy faces several concerns, including a financial system with large levels of nonperforming loans, over-leveraged corporate balance sheets, extensive cross- ownership by major corporations, a changing corporate governance structure, and large
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government deficits. The Japanese yen has fluctuated widely at times and any increase in its value may cause a decline in exports that could weaken the economy. Furthermore, Japan has an aging workforce. It is a labor market undergoing fundamental structural changes, as traditional lifetime employment clashes with the need for increased labor mobility, which may adversely affect Japan’s economic competitiveness.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Consumer discretionary sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer discretionary sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer discretionary sector. Companies engaged in the consumer discretionary sector are subject to fluctuations in supply and demand. These companies may also be adversely affected by changes in consumer spending as a result of world events, political and economic conditions, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk
that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund invests in forward currency contracts to attempt to minimize the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in its Underlying Index against the US dollar.
These contracts may not be successful. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful in hedging against such changes, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down if the value of the local currency of the non-US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. In order to minimize transaction costs or for other reasons, the fund’s exposure to the currencies included in the Underlying Index may not be fully hedged at all times. For example, the fund may not hedge against exposure to currencies that represent a relatively smaller portion of the Underlying Index. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in each fund’s Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in each fund’s Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in the fund’s Underlying Index against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
A forward currency contract is a negotiated agreement between two parties to exchange specified amounts of two or more currencies at a specified future time at a specified rate. The rate specified by the forward currency contract can be higher or lower than the spot rate between the currencies that are the subject of the contract. Settlement of a forward currency contract for the purchase of most currencies typically must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. By entering into a forward currency contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of dollars or other currency, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions, the fund may be able to protect itself against a possible loss
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resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the US dollar or other currency which is being used for the security purchase and the foreign currency in which the security is denominated during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received. Furthermore, such transactions reduce or preclude the opportunity for gain if the value of the currency should move in the direction opposite to the position taken. There is an additional risk to the extent that forward currency contracts create exposure to currencies in which the fund’s securities are not denominated. Unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in poorer overall performance for the fund than if it had not entered into such contracts. Forward currency contracts may limit gains on portfolio securities that could otherwise be realized had they not been utilized and could result in losses. The contracts also may increase the fund’s volatility and may involve a significant amount of risk relative to the investment of cash.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. The foreign currency markets in which the fund effects its transactions are over-the-counter or “interdealer” markets. The counterparty to an over-the counter spot contract is generally a single bank or other financial institution rather than a clearing organization backed by a group of financial institutions. Participants in over-the-counter markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as members of exchange-based” markets. Because the funds execute over-the-counter transactions, the fund constantly takes credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and may also bear the risk of settlement default. These risks may differ materially from those involved in exchange-traded transactions which generally are characterized by clearing organization guaranties, daily marking-to-market and settlement, and segregation and minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Transactions entered into directly between two counterparties generally do not benefit from these protections and the fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with agreed terms and conditions.
Further, if a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, the fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The fund may obtain only limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances. In addition, the fund may enter into agreements with a limited number of counterparties which may increase that fund’s exposure to counterparty credit risk.
Because a contract’s terms may provide for collateral to cover the variation margin exposure arising under the contract only if a minimum transfer amount is triggered, the fund may have an uncollateralized risk exposure to a counterparty.
The use of spot foreign exchange contracts may also expose the fund to legal risk, which is the risk of loss due to the unexpected application of a law or regulation, or because contracts are not legally enforceable.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against
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such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that
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they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market
conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
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Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Cash redemption risk. Because the fund invests a portion of its assets in forward currency contracts, the fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. In addition, the fund may be required to unwind such contracts or sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the fund to recognize income that it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result the fund may pay out more taxable distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used. Only APs who have entered into an agreement with the fund’s distributor may redeem shares from the fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF
Investment Objective
Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI Europe US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of the developed markets in Europe, while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the currencies of the countries included in the Underlying Index. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same
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weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 429 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $21.37 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $606.8 million, from issuers in the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of issuers from Europe and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to non-US currencies. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from the United Kingdom (24.52%), France (17.63%) and Switzerland (16.28%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the health care sector (16.01%) and financial sector (15.31%). Industries in the health care sector include pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, medical products and supplies, and health care services. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment
banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may also invest in depositary receipts in respect of equity securities that comprise its Underlying Index to seek performance that corresponds to the fund’s respective Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to instruments that comprise the applicable Underlying Index. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and in certain types of derivatives instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure. The fund hedges each foreign currency in the portfolio to US dollars by selling the applicable foreign currency forward at the one-month forward rate published by WM/Reuters.
The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to each non-US currency based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month. While this approach is designed to minimize the impact of currency fluctuations on fund returns, this does not necessarily eliminate exposure to all currency fluctuations. The return of the forward currency contracts may not perfectly offset the actual fluctuations of non-US currencies relative to the US dollar.
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The fund may use non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts to execute its hedging transactions. An NDF is a contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at maturity (as opposed to deliverable forward contracts, which per their terms are settled by physical delivery of the currencies). Rather, based on the movement of the currencies and the contractually agreed upon exchange rate, a net cash settlement is made by one party to the other in US dollars.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The fund expects to use futures contracts to a limited extent in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index. A futures contract is a standardized exchange traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
In addition, the fund may invest in structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
MSCI Europe US Dollar Hedged Index
Number of Components: approximately 429
Index Description. The MSCI Europe US Dollar Hedged Index is designed to provide exposure to equity securities in developed stock markets in Europe, while at the same time mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and selected non-US currencies. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of issuers from the following 15 developed market countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others,
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may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary
trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness. Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide
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reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Health care sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the health care sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the health care sector. The health care sector may be affected by government regulations and government health care programs, increases or decreases in the cost of medical products and services and product liability claims, among other factors. Many health care companies are heavily dependent on patent protection, and the expiration of a company’s patent may adversely affect that company’s profitability. Health care companies are subject to competitive forces that may result in price discounting, and may be thinly capitalized and susceptible to product obsolescence.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Certain events in the financials sector may cause an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, and cause certain financials sector companies to incur large losses. Securities of financials sector companies may experience a decline in value when such companies experience substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, take action to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or cease operations. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and financial losses associated with investment activities can negatively impact the financials sector. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets can be particularly affected by market turmoil.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the
risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund invests in forward currency contracts to attempt to minimize the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in its Underlying Index against the US dollar.
These contracts may not be successful. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful in hedging against such changes, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down if the value of the local currency of the non-US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. In order to minimize transaction costs or for other reasons, the fund’s exposure to the currencies included in the Underlying Index may not be fully hedged at all times. For example, the fund may not hedge against exposure to currencies that represent a relatively smaller portion of the Underlying Index. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in each fund’s Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in each fund’s Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in the fund’s Underlying Index against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
A forward currency contract is a negotiated agreement between two parties to exchange specified amounts of two or more currencies at a specified future time at a specified rate. The rate specified by the forward currency contract can be higher or lower than the spot rate between the currencies that are the subject of the contract. Settlement of a forward currency contract for the purchase of most currencies typically must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. By entering into a forward currency contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of
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dollars or other currency, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions, the fund may be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the US dollar or other currency which is being used for the security purchase and the foreign currency in which the security is denominated during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received. Furthermore, such transactions reduce or preclude the opportunity for gain if the value of the currency should move in the direction opposite to the position taken. There is an additional risk to the extent that forward currency contracts create exposure to currencies in which the fund’s securities are not denominated. Unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in poorer overall performance for the fund than if it had not entered into such contracts. Forward currency contracts may limit gains on portfolio securities that could otherwise be realized had they not been utilized and could result in losses. The contracts also may increase the fund’s volatility and may involve a significant amount of risk relative to the investment of cash.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. The foreign currency markets in which the fund effects its transactions are over-the-counter or “interdealer” markets. The counterparty to an over-the counter spot contract is generally a single bank or other financial institution rather than a clearing organization backed by a group of financial institutions. Participants in over-the-counter markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as members of exchange-based” markets. Because the funds execute over-the-counter transactions, the fund constantly takes credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and may also bear the risk of settlement default. These risks may differ materially from those involved in exchange-traded transactions which generally are characterized by clearing organization guaranties, daily marking-to-market and settlement, and segregation and minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Transactions entered into directly between two counterparties generally do not benefit from these protections and the fund is
subject to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with agreed terms and conditions.
Further, if a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, the fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The fund may obtain only limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances. In addition, the fund may enter into agreements with a limited number of counterparties which may increase that fund’s exposure to counterparty credit risk.
Because a contract’s terms may provide for collateral to cover the variation margin exposure arising under the contract only if a minimum transfer amount is triggered, the fund may have an uncollateralized risk exposure to a counterparty.
The use of spot foreign exchange contracts may also expose the fund to legal risk, which is the risk of loss due to the unexpected application of a law or regulation, or because contracts are not legally enforceable.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have
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limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that
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they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market
conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s
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service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result,
the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Risks related to investing in the United Kingdom. Investment in British issuers may subject the fund to regulatory, political, currency, security, and economic risks specific to the United Kingdom. The British economy relies heavily on export of financial services to the US and other European countries. A prolonged slowdown in the financial services sector may have a negative impact on the British economy. In the past, the United Kingdom has been a target of terrorism. Acts of terrorism in the United Kingdom or against British interests abroad may cause uncertainty in the British financial markets and adversely affect the performance of the issuers to which the fund has exposure. The British economy, along with the US and certain other EU economies, experienced a significant economic slowdown during the financial crisis.
In a referendum held on June 23, 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom voted to leave the EU, creating economic, political and legal uncertainty in its wake. Consequently, the United Kingdom government, pursuant to the Treaty of Lisbon (the “Treaty”), officially withdrew from the EU on January 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement (the Trade Agreement) which took effect on May 1, 2021. The United Kingdom is no longer part of the EU customs union and single market, nor is it subject to EU policies and international agreements. Among other things, the Trade Agreement provides for zero tariffs and zero quotas on all goods that comply with appropriate rules of origin and establishes the treatment and level of access the United Kingdom and EU have agreed to grant each other’s service suppliers and investors. In addition to trade in goods and services and investment, the Trade Agreement also covers digital trade, intellectual property, public procurement, aviation and road transport, energy, fisheries, social security coordination, law enforcement and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, thematic cooperation and participation in EU programs. Even with the Trade Agreement in place, the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU may create new barriers to trade in goods and services and to cross-border mobility and exchanges, including with respect to trade in financial services which is not comprehensively
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addressed in the Trade Agreement and remains subject to negotiation between the United Kingdom and the EU. The long-term impact of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU is still unknown and could have adverse economic and political effects on the United Kingdom, the EU and its member countries, and the global economy, including financial markets and asset valuations.
The United Kingdom has one of the largest economies in Europe, and member countries of the EU are substantial trading partners of the United Kingdom. The City of London’s economy is dominated by financial services, some of which may have to move outside of the United Kingdom post-withdrawal (e.g., currency trading, international settlement). With the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU, banks may be forced to move staff and comply with two separate sets of rules or lose business to banks in Europe. Furthermore, the withdrawal creates the potential for decreased trade, the possibility of capital outflows, devaluation of the pound sterling, the cost of higher corporate bond spreads due to uncertainty, and the risk that all the above could damage business and consumer spending as well as foreign direct investment. As a result of the withdrawal, the British economy and its currency may be negatively impacted by changes to its economic and political relations with the EU.
The impact of the withdrawal in the near- and long-term is still unknown and could have additional adverse effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world.
Risks related to investing in France. Investment in French issuers may subject the fund to legal, regulatory, political, currency, security, and economic risk specific to France. During the most recent financial crisis, the French economy, along with certain other EU economies, experienced a significant economic slowdown. Recently, new concerns emerged in relation to the economic health of the EU. These concerns have led to tremendous downward pressure on certain EU member states, including France. Interest rates on France’s debt may rise to levels that make it difficult for it to service high debt levels without significant financial help from, among others, the European Central Bank and could potentially lead to default. In addition, the French economy is dependent to a significant extent on the economies of certain key trading partners, including Germany and other Western European countries. Reduction in spending on French products and services, or changes in any of the economies may cause an adverse impact on the French economy. France may be subject to acts of terrorism. The French economy is dependent on exports from the agricultural sector. Leading agricultural exports include dairy products, meat, wine, fruit and vegetables, and fish. As a result, the French economy is susceptible to fluctuations in demand for agricultural products.
Risks related to investing in Switzerland. Investment in Swiss issuers may subject the fund to legal, regulatory, political, currency, security, and economic risk specific to Switzerland. International trade is a significant factor of the Swiss economy and the country depends upon exports to produce economic growth. Switzerland’s economic growth generally reflects economic trends in other countries, including the US and certain Western European countries.
Cash redemption risk. Because the fund invests a portion of its assets in forward currency contracts, the fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. In addition, the fund may be required to unwind such contracts or sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the fund to recognize income that it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result the fund may pay out more taxable distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used. Only APs who have entered into an agreement with the fund’s distributor may redeem shares from the fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI ACWI ex USA US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of equity securities in developed and emerging stock markets (excluding the United States), while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the currencies of the countries included in the Underlying Index. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that
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collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 2,270 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $9.96 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $124.3 million, from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of issuers from countries other than the United States and in instruments designed to hedge against the fund’s exposure to non-US currencies.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials sector (20.02%). The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may also invest in depositary receipts in respect of equity securities that comprise its Underlying Index to seek performance that corresponds to the fund’s respective Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to instruments that comprise the applicable Underlying Index. The fund will not
invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and in certain types of derivatives instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure. The fund hedges each foreign currency in the portfolio to US dollars by selling the applicable foreign currency forward at the one-month forward rate published by WM/Reuters.
The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to each non-US currency based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month. While this approach is designed to minimize the impact of currency fluctuations on fund returns, this does not necessarily eliminate exposure to all currency fluctuations. The return of the forward currency contracts may not perfectly offset the actual fluctuations of non-US currencies relative to the US dollar. The fund may use non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts to execute its hedging transactions. An NDF is a contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at maturity (as opposed to deliverable forward contracts, which per their terms are settled by physical delivery of the currencies). Rather, based on the movement of the currencies and the contractually agreed upon exchange rate, a net cash settlement is made by one party to the other in US dollars.
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Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The fund expects to use futures contracts to a limited extent in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index. A futures contract is a standardized exchange traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
In addition, the fund may invest in structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
MSCI ACWI ex USA US Dollar Hedged Index
Number of Components: approximately 2,270
Index Description. The MSCI ACWI ex USA US Dollar Hedged Index is designed to provide exposure to equity securities in developed and emerging stock markets (excluding the United States), while at the same time mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and selected non-US currencies. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of issuers from the following 46 developed and emerging market countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others,
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may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary
trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
Emerging market securities risk. Investment in emerging markets subjects the fund to a greater risk of loss than investments in a developed market. This is due to, among other things, (i) greater market volatility, (ii) lower trading volume, (iii) political and economic instability, (iv) high levels of inflation, deflation or currency devaluation, (v) greater risk of market shut down, (vi) more governmental limitations on foreign investments and limitations on repatriation of invested capital than those typically found in a developed market, and (vii) the risk that companies may be held to lower disclosure, corporate governance, auditing and financial reporting standards than companies in more developed markets.
The financial stability of issuers (including governments) in emerging market countries may be more precarious than in other countries. As a result, there will tend to be an increased risk of price volatility in the fund’s investments in emerging market countries, which may be magnified by currency fluctuations relative to the US dollar.
Settlement practices for transactions in foreign markets, particularly in emerging markets, may differ from those in US markets. Such differences include delays beyond periods customary in the US and practices, such as delivery of securities prior to receipt of payment, which increase the likelihood of a “failed settlement.” Failed settlements can result in losses to the fund. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle, and governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. Local agents are held only to the standards of care of their local markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
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Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Certain events in the financials sector may cause an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, and cause certain financials sector companies to incur large losses. Securities of financials sector companies may experience a decline in value when such companies experience substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, take action to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or cease operations. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and financial losses associated with investment activities can negatively impact the financials sector. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets can be particularly affected by market turmoil.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund invests in forward currency contracts to attempt to minimize the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in its Underlying Index against the US dollar.
These contracts may not be successful. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful in hedging against such changes, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down if the value of the local currency of the non-US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even
if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. In order to minimize transaction costs or for other reasons, the fund’s exposure to the currencies included in the Underlying Index may not be fully hedged at all times. For example, the fund may not hedge against exposure to currencies that represent a relatively smaller portion of the Underlying Index. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in each fund’s Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in each fund’s Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in the fund’s Underlying Index against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
A forward currency contract is a negotiated agreement between two parties to exchange specified amounts of two or more currencies at a specified future time at a specified rate. The rate specified by the forward currency contract can be higher or lower than the spot rate between the currencies that are the subject of the contract. Settlement of a forward currency contract for the purchase of most currencies typically must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. By entering into a forward currency contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of dollars or other currency, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions, the fund may be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the US dollar or other currency which is being used for the security purchase and the foreign currency in which the security is denominated during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received. Furthermore, such transactions reduce or preclude the opportunity for gain if the value of the currency should move in the direction opposite to the position taken. There is an additional risk to the extent that forward currency contracts create exposure to currencies in which the fund’s securities are not denominated. Unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in poorer overall performance for the fund than if it had not entered into such contracts. Forward currency contracts may limit gains on portfolio securities that could otherwise be realized had they not been utilized and could result in losses. The contracts also may increase the fund’s volatility and may involve a significant amount of risk relative to the investment of cash.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the
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settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. The foreign currency markets in which the fund effects its transactions are over-the-counter or “interdealer” markets. The counterparty to an over-the counter spot contract is generally a single bank or other financial institution rather than a clearing organization backed by a group of financial institutions. Participants in over-the-counter markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as members of exchange-based” markets. Because the funds execute over-the-counter transactions, the fund constantly takes credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and may also bear the risk of settlement default. These risks may differ materially from those involved in exchange-traded transactions which generally are characterized by clearing organization guaranties, daily marking-to-market and settlement, and segregation and minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Transactions entered into directly between two counterparties generally do not benefit from these protections and the fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with agreed terms and conditions.
Further, if a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, the fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The fund may obtain only limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances. In addition, the fund may enter into agreements with a limited number of counterparties which may increase that fund’s exposure to counterparty credit risk.
Because a contract’s terms may provide for collateral to cover the variation margin exposure arising under the contract only if a minimum transfer amount is triggered, the fund may have an uncollateralized risk exposure to a counterparty.
The use of spot foreign exchange contracts may also expose the fund to legal risk, which is the risk of loss due to the unexpected application of a law or regulation, or because contracts are not legally enforceable.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure
to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will
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decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net
asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
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In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or
other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such
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issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Cash redemption risk. Because the fund invests a portion of its assets in forward currency contracts, the fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. In
addition, the fund may be required to unwind such contracts or sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the fund to recognize income that it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result the fund may pay out more taxable distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used. Only APs who have entered into an agreement with the fund’s distributor may redeem shares from the fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI ACWI ex USA High Dividend Yield Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of equity securities in developed and emerging stock markets (excluding the United States).
The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The Underlying Index is designed to reflect the performance of equities (excluding real estate investment trusts (“REITs”)) in its parent index, the MSCI ACWI ex USA Index, with higher dividend income and quality characteristics than average dividend yields of equities in the parent index, where such higher dividend income and quality characteristics are both
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sustainable and persistent. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
The Underlying Index is a free float adjusted market capitalization weighted index. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 335 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $10.86 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $146.8 million, from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced semi-annually in May and November. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in equity securities of issuers located in countries other than the United States. The fund will not enter into transactions to hedge against declines in the value of the fund’s assets that are denominated in foreign currency. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from the United Kingdom (16.65%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials sector (22.50%). The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may also invest in depositary receipts in respect of equity securities that comprise its Underlying Index to seek performance that corresponds to the fund’s respective Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to instruments that comprise the applicable Underlying Index. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and in certain types of derivatives instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
The fund expects to use futures contracts to a limited extent in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index. A futures contract is a standardized exchange traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time. The fund will not invest in forward currency contracts to hedge against changes in the value of the US dollar against specified foreign currencies.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The fund also may invest in these derivative instruments to the extent that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. A futures contract is a standardized exchange-traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
MSCI ACWI ex USA High Dividend Yield Index
Number of Components: approximately 335
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Index Description. The MSCI ACWI ex USA High Dividend Yield Index is designed to provide exposure to equity securities (excluding REITs) in developed and emerging stock markets (excluding the United States) in its parent index, the MSCI ACWI ex USA Index, with higher dividend income and quality characteristics than average dividend yields of equities in the parent index, where such higher dividend income and quality characteristics are both sustainable and persistent. The MSCI ACWI ex USA Index includes large- and mid-capitalization securities across developed markets countries (excluding the United States) and emerging market countries. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of issuers from the following 41 countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant
adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Dividend-paying stock risk. As a category, dividend-paying stocks may underperform non-dividend paying stocks (and the stock market as a whole) over any period of time. In addition, issuers of dividend-paying stocks may have discretion to defer or stop paying dividends for a stated period of time, or the anticipated acceleration of dividends may not occur as a result of, among other things, a sharp rise in interest rates or an economic downturn. If the dividend-paying stocks held by the fund reduce or stop paying dividends, the fund’s ability to generate income may be adversely affected.
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Changes in the dividend policies of companies in the fund’s portfolio and capital resources available for these companies’ dividend payments may adversely affect the fund. Depending upon market conditions, dividend-paying stocks that meet the fund’s investment criteria may not be widely available and/or may be highly concentrated in only a few market sectors.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by
one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness. Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
Emerging market securities risk. Investment in emerging markets subjects the fund to a greater risk of loss than investments in a developed market. This is due to, among other things, (i) greater market volatility, (ii) lower trading volume, (iii) political and economic instability, (iv) high levels of inflation, deflation or currency devaluation, (v) greater risk of market shut down, (vi) more governmental limitations on foreign investments and limitations on repatriation of invested capital than those typically found in a developed market, and (vii) the risk that companies may be held to lower disclosure, corporate governance, auditing and financial reporting standards than companies in more developed markets.
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The financial stability of issuers (including governments) in emerging market countries may be more precarious than in other countries. As a result, there will tend to be an increased risk of price volatility in the fund’s investments in emerging market countries, which may be magnified by currency fluctuations relative to the US dollar.
Settlement practices for transactions in foreign markets, particularly in emerging markets, may differ from those in US markets. Such differences include delays beyond periods customary in the US and practices, such as delivery of securities prior to receipt of payment, which increase the likelihood of a “failed settlement.” Failed settlements can result in losses to the fund. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle, and governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. Local agents are held only to the standards of care of their local markets.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Certain events in the financials sector may cause an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, and cause certain financials sector companies to incur large losses. Securities of financials sector companies may experience a decline in value when such companies experience substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, take action to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or cease operations. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and financial losses associated with investment activities can
negatively impact the financials sector. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets can be particularly affected by market turmoil.
Currency risk. Changes in currency exchange rates may affect the value of the fund’s investments and the fund’s share price. Because the fund does not attempt to hedge against changes in the value of non-US currencies, the fund’s US dollar share price may go down if the value of the local currency of the non−US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. The value of the US dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, global energy prices, political instability and government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currency by a country’s government. Currency exchange rates can be volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably, thereby impacting the value of the fund’s investments.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its
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stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market
volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions,
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including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
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In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a
discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to
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honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Risks related to investing in the United Kingdom. Investment in British issuers may subject the fund to regulatory, political, currency, security, and economic risks specific to the United Kingdom. The British economy relies heavily on export of financial services to the US and other European countries. A prolonged slowdown in the financial services sector may have a negative impact on the British economy. In the past, the United Kingdom has been a target of terrorism. Acts of terrorism in the United Kingdom or against British interests abroad may cause uncertainty in the British financial markets and adversely affect the performance of the issuers to which the fund has exposure. The British economy, along with the US and certain other EU economies, experienced a significant economic slowdown during the financial crisis.
In a referendum held on June 23, 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom voted to leave the EU, creating economic, political and legal uncertainty in its wake. Consequently, the United Kingdom government, pursuant to the Treaty of Lisbon (the “Treaty”), officially withdrew from the EU on January 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement (the Trade Agreement) which took effect on May 1, 2021. The United Kingdom is no longer part of the EU customs union and single market, nor is it subject to EU policies and international agreements. Among other things, the Trade Agreement provides for zero tariffs and zero quotas on all goods that comply with appropriate rules of origin and establishes the treatment and level of access the United Kingdom and EU have agreed to grant each other’s service suppliers and investors. In addition to trade in goods and services and investment, the Trade Agreement also covers digital trade, intellectual property, public procurement, aviation and road transport, energy, fisheries, social security coordination, law enforcement and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, thematic cooperation and participation in EU programs. Even with the Trade Agreement in place, the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU may create new barriers to trade in goods and services and to cross-border mobility and exchanges, including with respect to trade in financial services which is not comprehensively addressed in the Trade Agreement and remains subject to negotiation between the United Kingdom and the EU. The long-term impact of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from
the EU is still unknown and could have adverse economic and political effects on the United Kingdom, the EU and its member countries, and the global economy, including financial markets and asset valuations.
The United Kingdom has one of the largest economies in Europe, and member countries of the EU are substantial trading partners of the United Kingdom. The City of London’s economy is dominated by financial services, some of which may have to move outside of the United Kingdom post-withdrawal (e.g., currency trading, international settlement). With the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU, banks may be forced to move staff and comply with two separate sets of rules or lose business to banks in Europe. Furthermore, the withdrawal creates the potential for decreased trade, the possibility of capital outflows, devaluation of the pound sterling, the cost of higher corporate bond spreads due to uncertainty, and the risk that all the above could damage business and consumer spending as well as foreign direct investment. As a result of the withdrawal, the British economy and its currency may be negatively impacted by changes to its economic and political relations with the EU.
The impact of the withdrawal in the near- and long-term is still unknown and could have additional adverse effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world.
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Investment Objective
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track developed market performance.
The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an
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investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The Underlying Index is designed to reflect the performance of equities (excluding REITs) in its parent index, the MSCI EAFE Index, with higher dividend income and quality characteristics than average dividend yields of equities in the parent index, where such higher dividend income and quality characteristics are both sustainable and persistent. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
The Underlying Index is a free float adjusted market capitalization weighted index. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 116 securities, with an average market capitalization of approximately $21.24 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $2.50 billion from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Under normal circumstances. the Underlying Index is rebalanced semi-annually in May and November. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in equity securities located in developed countries in Europe, Australasia and the Far East. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from the United Kingdom (24.9%). The fund will not enter into transactions to hedge against declines in the value of the fund’s assets that are denominated in foreign currency.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials (18.37%), materials (17.70%) and consumer staples (17.59%) sectors. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. The materials sector includes companies that manufacture chemicals, construction materials, glass and paper products, as well as
metals, minerals and mining companies. The consumer staples sector includes companies whose businesses are less sensitive to economic cycles, such as manufacturers and distributors of food, beverages and producers of non-durable household goods and personal products. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may also invest in depositary receipts in respect of equity securities that comprise its Underlying Index to seek performance that corresponds to the fund’s respective Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to instruments that comprise the applicable Underlying Index. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and in certain types of derivatives instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
The fund expects to use futures contracts to a limited extent in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index. A futures contract is a standardized exchange traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time. The fund will not invest in forward currency contracts to hedge against changes in the value of the US dollar against specified foreign currencies.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and
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will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The fund also may invest in these derivative instruments to the extent that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. A futures contract is a standardized exchange-traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Index
Number of Components: approximately 116
Index Description. The MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Index is designed to provide exposure to equity securities (excluding REITs) in developed international stock markets (excluding the US and Canada) in its parent index, the MSCI EAFE Index, with higher dividend income and quality characteristics than average dividend yields of equities in the parent index, where such higher dividend income and quality characteristics are both sustainable and persistent. The MSCI EAFE Index includes large- and mid-capitalization securities across developed markets in Europe, Australasia and the Far East. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of issuers from the following 20 developed markets countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in
cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN
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RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Dividend-paying stock risk. As a category, dividend-paying stocks may underperform non-dividend paying stocks (and the stock market as a whole) over any period of time. In addition, issuers of dividend-paying stocks may have discretion to defer or stop paying dividends for a stated period of time, or the anticipated acceleration of dividends may not occur as a result of, among other things, a sharp rise in interest rates or an economic downturn. If the dividend-paying stocks held by the fund reduce or stop paying dividends, the fund’s ability to generate income may be adversely affected.
Changes in the dividend policies of companies in the fund’s portfolio and capital resources available for these companies’ dividend payments may adversely affect the fund. Depending upon market conditions, dividend-paying stocks that meet the fund’s investment criteria may not be widely available and/or may be highly concentrated in only a few market sectors.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open
on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness. Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
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Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Certain events in the financials sector may cause an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, and cause certain financials sector companies to incur large losses. Securities of financials sector companies may experience a decline in value when such companies experience substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, take action to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or cease operations. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and financial losses associated with investment activities can negatively impact the financials sector. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets can be particularly affected by market turmoil.
Materials sector risk. To the extent the fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities issued by companies in the materials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund's performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the materials sector. Companies engaged in the production and distribution of materials may be adversely affected by changes in world events, political and economic conditions, energy conservation, environmental policies, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, litigation and government regulations, increased competition, over-production, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Consumer staples sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer staples sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall
condition of the consumer staples sector. Companies in the consumer staples sector may be adversely affected by changes in the global economy, consumer spending, competition, demographics and consumer preferences, and production spending. Companies in the consumer staples sector are also affected by changes in government regulation, global economic, environmental and political events, economic conditions and the depletion of resources. In addition, companies in the consumer staples sector may be subject to risks pertaining to the supply of, demand for and prices of raw materials. The prices of raw materials fluctuate in response to a number of factors, including, without limitation, changes in government agricultural support programs, exchange rates, import and export controls, changes in international agricultural and trading policies, and seasonal and weather conditions.
Currency risk. Changes in currency exchange rates may affect the value of the fund’s investments and the fund’s share price. Because the fund does not attempt to hedge against changes in the value of non-US currencies, the fund’s US dollar share price may go down if the value of the local currency of the non−US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. The value of the US dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, global energy prices, political instability and government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currency by a country’s government. Currency exchange rates can be volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably, thereby impacting the value of the fund’s investments.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions
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could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or
invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts
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or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are
measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties,
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issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or
redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks
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discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Risks related to investing in the United Kingdom. Investment in British issuers may subject the fund to regulatory, political, currency, security, and economic risks specific to the United Kingdom. The British economy relies heavily on export of financial services to the US and other European countries. A prolonged slowdown in the financial services sector may have a negative impact on the British economy. In the past, the United Kingdom has been a target of terrorism. Acts of terrorism in the United Kingdom or against British interests abroad may cause uncertainty in the British financial markets and adversely affect the performance of the issuers to which the fund has exposure. The British economy, along with the US and certain other EU economies, experienced a significant economic slowdown during the financial crisis.
In a referendum held on June 23, 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom voted to leave the EU, creating economic, political and legal uncertainty in its wake. Consequently, the United Kingdom government, pursuant to the Treaty of Lisbon (the “Treaty”), officially withdrew from the EU on January 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement (the Trade Agreement) which took effect on May 1, 2021. The United Kingdom is no longer part of the EU customs union and single market, nor is it subject to EU policies and international agreements. Among other things, the Trade Agreement provides for zero tariffs and zero quotas on all goods that comply with appropriate rules of origin and establishes the treatment and level of access the United Kingdom and EU have agreed to grant each other’s service suppliers and investors. In addition to trade in goods and services and investment, the Trade Agreement also covers digital trade, intellectual property, public procurement, aviation and road transport, energy, fisheries, social security coordination, law enforcement and judicial cooperation in
criminal matters, thematic cooperation and participation in EU programs. Even with the Trade Agreement in place, the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU may create new barriers to trade in goods and services and to cross-border mobility and exchanges, including with respect to trade in financial services which is not comprehensively addressed in the Trade Agreement and remains subject to negotiation between the United Kingdom and the EU. The long-term impact of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU is still unknown and could have adverse economic and political effects on the United Kingdom, the EU and its member countries, and the global economy, including financial markets and asset valuations.
The United Kingdom has one of the largest economies in Europe, and member countries of the EU are substantial trading partners of the United Kingdom. The City of London’s economy is dominated by financial services, some of which may have to move outside of the United Kingdom post-withdrawal (e.g., currency trading, international settlement). With the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU, banks may be forced to move staff and comply with two separate sets of rules or lose business to banks in Europe. Furthermore, the withdrawal creates the potential for decreased trade, the possibility of capital outflows, devaluation of the pound sterling, the cost of higher corporate bond spreads due to uncertainty, and the risk that all the above could damage business and consumer spending as well as foreign direct investment. As a result of the withdrawal, the British economy and its currency may be negatively impacted by changes to its economic and political relations with the EU.
The impact of the withdrawal in the near- and long-term is still unknown and could have additional adverse effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world.
Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
Investment Objective
Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI EMU IMI US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of equity securities based in the countries in the European Monetary Union (the “EMU”), while seeking to mitigate exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the euro. The fund uses a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As
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such, the fund invests directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the fund to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the fund may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when using a representative sampling indexing strategy. The Underlying Index is composed of equities from countries in the EMU, or the “Eurozone,” that have adopted the euro as their common currency and sole legal tender. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in component securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 691 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $7.06 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $58.8 million from issuers in the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal and Spain. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in equity securities from issuers in the Eurozone. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from France (35.09%) and Germany (24.56%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the industrials (16.52%) and consumer discretionary (15.60%) sectors. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and
supplies. The consumer discretionary goods sector includes durable goods, apparel, entertainment and leisure, and automobiles. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may also invest in depositary receipts in respect of equity securities that comprise its Underlying Index to seek performance that corresponds to the fund’s respective Underlying Index. Investments in such depositary receipts will count towards the fund’s 80% investment policy discussed above with respect to instruments that comprise the applicable Underlying Index. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and in certain types of derivatives instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use deliverable or non-deliverable forward currency contracts, which are a type of derivative (a contract whose value is based on, for example, indices, currencies or securities), to hedge the fund’s currency exposure. The fund enters into forward currency contracts designed to offset the fund’s exposure to the euro. A forward currency contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. The fund (and the Underlying Index) hedges the euro in the portfolio to US dollars by selling the euro forward at the one-month forward rate published by WM/Reuters.
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The amount of forward contracts in the fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the fund and Underlying Index to the euro based on currency weights as of the beginning of each month. While this approach is designed to minimize the impact of currency fluctuations on fund returns, this does not necessarily eliminate exposure to all currency fluctuations. The return of the forward currency contracts may not perfectly offset the actual fluctuations of the euro relative to the US dollar. The fund may use non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts to execute its hedging transactions. An NDF is a contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at maturity (as opposed to deliverable forward contracts, which per their terms are settled by physical delivery of the currencies). Rather, based on the movement of the currencies and the contractually agreed upon exchange rate, a net cash settlement is made by one party to the other in US dollars.
Portfolio management may also use futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. The fund expects to use futures contracts to a limited extent in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index. A futures contract is a standardized exchange traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
In addition, the fund may invest in structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
MSCI EMU IMI US Dollar Hedged Index
Number of Components: approximately 691
Index Description. The MSCI EMU IMI US Dollar Hedged Index (the “Underlying Index”) is designed to provide exposure to equity securities from countries in the European Monetary Union, while mitigating exposure to fluctuations between the value of the US dollar and the euro. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of issuers from the following 10 countries: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the
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COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open
on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
European investment risk. European financial markets have experienced volatility in recent years and have been adversely affected by concerns about economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness. Most countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. In June 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom approved a referendum to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period which ended on December 31, 2020. The United Kingdom and European Union negotiated a new Trade and Cooperation Agreement which provisionally applied as of January 1, 2021 and formally took effect on May 1, 2021. Significant uncertainty exists regarding any adverse economic and political effects the United Kingdom’s withdrawal may have on the United Kingdom, other EU countries and the global economy, which could be significant, potentially resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity and lower economic growth.
European countries are also significantly affected by fiscal and monetary controls implemented by the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may not address the needs of all EMU member countries. Investing in euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There is continued concern over member state-level support for the euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the euro. The dissolution of the euro could have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
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Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Consumer discretionary sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer discretionary sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer discretionary sector. Companies engaged in the consumer discretionary sector are subject to fluctuations in supply and demand. These companies may also be adversely affected by changes in consumer spending as a result of world events, political and economic conditions, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Forward currency contract risk. The fund invests in forward currency contracts to attempt to minimize the impact of changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in its Underlying Index against the US dollar.
These contracts may not be successful. To the extent the fund’s forward currency contracts are not successful in hedging against such changes, the US dollar value of your investment in the fund may go down if the value of the local currency of the non-US markets in which the fund invests depreciates against the US dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the fund’s holdings goes up. In order to minimize transaction costs or for other reasons, the fund’s exposure to the currencies included in the Underlying Index may not be fully hedged at all times. For example, the fund may not hedge against exposure to currencies that represent a relatively smaller portion of the Underlying Index. Furthermore, because no changes in the currency weights in each fund’s Underlying Index are made during the month to account for changes in each fund’s Underlying Index due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes, changes in the value of the non-US currencies included in the fund’s Underlying Index against the US dollar during the month may affect the value of the fund’s investment. Non-deliverable forward (“NDF”) contracts may be less liquid than deliverable forward currency contracts. A lack of liquidity in NDFs of the hedged currency could adversely affect the fund’s ability to hedge against currency fluctuations and properly track the Underlying Index.
A forward currency contract is a negotiated agreement between two parties to exchange specified amounts of two or more currencies at a specified future time at a specified rate. The rate specified by the forward currency contract can be higher or lower than the spot rate between the currencies that are the subject of the contract. Settlement of a forward currency contract for the purchase of most currencies typically must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. By entering into a forward currency contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of dollars or other currency, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions, the fund may be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the US dollar or other currency which is being used for the security purchase and the foreign currency in which the security is denominated during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received. Furthermore, such transactions reduce or preclude the
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opportunity for gain if the value of the currency should move in the direction opposite to the position taken. There is an additional risk to the extent that forward currency contracts create exposure to currencies in which the fund’s securities are not denominated. Unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in poorer overall performance for the fund than if it had not entered into such contracts. Forward currency contracts may limit gains on portfolio securities that could otherwise be realized had they not been utilized and could result in losses. The contracts also may increase the fund’s volatility and may involve a significant amount of risk relative to the investment of cash.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. The foreign currency markets in which the fund effects its transactions are over-the-counter or “interdealer” markets. The counterparty to an over-the counter spot contract is generally a single bank or other financial institution rather than a clearing organization backed by a group of financial institutions. Participants in over-the-counter markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as members of exchange-based” markets. Because the funds execute over-the-counter transactions, the fund constantly takes credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and may also bear the risk of settlement default. These risks may differ materially from those involved in exchange-traded transactions which generally are characterized by clearing organization guaranties, daily marking-to-market and settlement, and segregation and minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Transactions entered into directly between two counterparties generally do not benefit from these protections and the fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with agreed terms and conditions.
Further, if a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, the fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The fund may obtain only limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances. In addition,
the fund may enter into agreements with a limited number of counterparties which may increase that fund’s exposure to counterparty credit risk.
Because a contract’s terms may provide for collateral to cover the variation margin exposure arising under the contract only if a minimum transfer amount is triggered, the fund may have an uncollateralized risk exposure to a counterparty.
The use of spot foreign exchange contracts may also expose the fund to legal risk, which is the risk of loss due to the unexpected application of a law or regulation, or because contracts are not legally enforceable.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may
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differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund
purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or
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other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash
needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
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Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Risks related to investing in France. Investment in French issuers may subject the fund to legal, regulatory, political, currency, security, and economic risk specific to France. During the most recent financial crisis, the French economy, along with certain other EU economies, experienced a significant economic slowdown. Recently, new concerns emerged in relation to the economic health of the EU. These concerns have led to tremendous downward pressure on certain EU member states, including France. Interest rates on France’s debt may rise to levels that make it difficult for it to service high debt levels without significant financial help from, among others, the European Central Bank and could potentially lead to default. In addition, the French economy is dependent to a significant extent on the economies of certain key trading partners, including Germany and other Western European countries. Reduction in spending on French products and services, or changes in any of the economies may cause an adverse impact on the French economy. France may be subject to acts of terrorism. The French economy is dependent on exports from the agricultural sector. Leading agricultural exports include dairy products, meat, wine, fruit and vegetables, and fish. As a result, the French economy is susceptible to fluctuations in demand for agricultural products.
Risks related to investing in Germany. The German economy is dependent on the other countries in Europe as key trade partners. Exports account for more than one-third of Germany’s output and are a key element in German economic expansion. Reduction in spending by European countries on German products and services or negative changes in any of these countries may cause an adverse impact on the German economy. In addition, the US is a large trade and investment partner of Germany. Decreasing US imports, new trade regulations, changes in the US dollar exchange rates or a recession in the US may also have an adverse impact on the German economy.
During the most recent financial crisis, the German economy, along with certain other EU economies, experienced a significant economic slowdown. Recently, new concerns emerged in relation to the economic health of the EU. These concerns have led to tremendous downward pressure on certain financial institutions, including German financial services companies. During the recent European debt crisis, Germany played a key role in stabilizing the euro. However, such efforts may prove
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unsuccessful, and any ongoing crisis may continue to significantly affect the economies of every country in Europe, including Germany.
Investing in German issuers involves political, social and regulatory risks. Certain sectors and regions of Germany have experienced high unemployment and social unrest. These issues may have an adverse effect on the German economy or the German industries or sectors in which the fund invests. Heavy regulation of labor and product markets is pervasive in Germany. These regulations may stifle economic growth or result in extended recessionary periods.
Cash redemption risk. Because the fund invests a portion of its assets in forward currency contracts, the fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. In addition, the fund may be required to unwind such contracts or sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the fund to recognize income that it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result the fund may pay out more taxable distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used. Only APs who have entered into an agreement with the fund’s distributor may redeem shares from the fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Other Policies and Risks
While the previous pages describe the main points of each fund’s strategy and risks, there are a few other matters to know about:
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Each of the policies described herein, including the investment objective and 80% investment policies of each fund, constitutes a non-fundamental policy that may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. Each fund’s 80% investment policy requires 60 days’ prior written notice to shareholders before they can be changed. Certain fundamental policies of each fund which can only be changed with shareholder approval are set forth in the SAI.
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Because each fund seeks to track its Underlying Index, no fund invests defensively and each fund will not invest in money market instruments or other short-term investments as part of a temporary defensive strategy to protect against potential market declines.
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Each fund may borrow money from a bank up to a limit of 10% of the value of its assets, but only for temporary or emergency purposes.
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Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF and Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF may borrow money under a credit facility to the extent necessary for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests, trade settlements, and as necessary to distribute to shareholders any income necessary to maintain a fund’s status as a regulated investment company (“RIC”).
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Secondary market trading in fund shares may be halted by a stock exchange because of market conditions or other reasons. In addition, trading in fund shares on a stock exchange or in any market may be subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to “circuit breaker” rules on the exchange or market. If a trading halt or unanticipated early closing of a stock exchange occurs, a shareholder may be unable to purchase or sell shares of each fund. There can be no assurance that the requirements necessary to maintain the listing or trading of fund shares will continue to be met or will remain unchanged or that shares will trade with any volume, or at all, in any secondary market. As with all other exchange traded securities, shares may be sold short and may experience increased volatility and price decreases associated with such trading activity.
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From time to time a third party, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may invest in a fund and hold its investment for a specific period of time in order for a fund to achieve size or scale. There can be no assurance that any such entity would not redeem its investment or that the size of a fund would be maintained at such levels. In order to comply with applicable law, it is possible that the Advisor or its affiliates, to the extent they are invested in a fund, may be required to redeem some or all of their ownership interests in a fund prematurely or at an inopportune time.
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From time to time, a fund may have a concentration of shareholder accounts holding a significant percentage of shares outstanding. Investment activities of these shareholders could have a material impact on a fund. For example, a fund may be used as an underlying investment for other registered investment companies.
Portfolio Holdings Information
A description of DBX ETF Trust’s (“Trust”) policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of each fund’s portfolio securities is available in each fund’s SAI. The top holdings of each fund can be found at Xtrackers.com. Fund fact sheets provide information regarding each fund’s top holdings and may be requested by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS).
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Who Manages and Oversees the Funds
The Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC (“Advisor”), with headquarters at 875 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022, is the investment advisor for the fund. Under the oversight of the Board, the Advisor makes the investment decisions, buys and sells securities for the fund and conducts research that leads to these purchase and sale decisions.
The Advisor is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA (“DWS Group”), a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG. Founded in 2010, the Advisor managed approximately $19 billion in 35 operational exchange-traded funds, as of August 31, 2022.
DWS represents the asset management activities conducted by DWS Group or any of its subsidiaries, including the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors.
DWS is a global organization that offers a wide range of investing expertise and resources, including hundreds of portfolio managers and analysts and an office network that reaches the world’s major investment centers. This well- resourced global investment platform brings together a wide variety of experience and investment insight across industries, regions, asset classes and investing styles.
The Advisor may utilize the resources of its global investment platform to provide investment management services through branch offices or affiliates located outside the US. In some cases, the Advisor may also utilize its branch offices or affiliates located in the US or outside the US to perform certain services, such as trade execution, trade matching and settlement, or various administrative, back-office or other services. To the extent services are performed outside the US, such activity may be subject to both US and foreign regulation. It is possible that the jurisdiction in which the Advisor or its affiliate performs such services may impose restrictions or limitations on portfolio transactions that are different from, and in addition to, those in the US.
Management Fee. Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of each fund, including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement (also known as a “unitary advisory fee”), interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
For its services to each fund, during the most recent fiscal year, the Advisor received aggregate unitary advisory fees at the following annual rates as a percentage of each fund’s average daily net assets.
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Xtrackers MSCI Emerging
Markets Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged
Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Germany
Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Japan
Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Europe
Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI All World ex
US Hedged Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI All World ex
US High Dividend Yield Equity
ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High
Dividend Yield Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone
Hedged Equity ETF |
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A discussion regarding the basis for the Board's approval of each fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement is contained in the most recent annual report for the annual period ended May 31. For information on how to obtain shareholder reports, see the back cover.
Multi-Manager Structure. The Advisor and the Trust may rely on an exemptive order (the “Order”) from the SEC that permits the Advisor to enter into investment sub-advisory agreements with unaffiliated and affiliated subadvisors without obtaining shareholder approval. The Advisor, subject to the review and approval of the Board, selects subadvisors for each fund and supervises, monitors and evaluates the performance of the subadvisor.
The Order also permits the Advisor, subject to the approval of the Board, to replace subadvisors and amend investment subadvisory agreements, including fees, without shareholder approval whenever the Advisor and the Board believe such action will benefit a fund and its shareholders. The Advisor thus has the ultimate responsibility (subject to the ultimate oversight of the Board) to recommend the hiring and replacement of subadvisors as well as the discretion to terminate any subadvisor and reallocate a fund’s assets for management among any other subadvisor(s) and itself. This means that the Advisor is able to reduce the subadvisory fees and retain a larger portion of the management fee, or increase the subadvisory fees and retain a smaller portion of the management fee. Pursuant to the Order, the Advisor is not required to disclose its contractual fee arrangements with any subadvisor. The Advisor compensates a subadvisor out of its management fee.
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Management
Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
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Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
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BS in Finance, Boston College.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
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Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
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BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
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Joined DWS in 2017 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous served as Portfolio Manager at Northern Trust Asset Management where he managed equity portfolios across a variety of global benchmarks. While at Northern Trust, he spent several years in Chicago, London and Hong Kong where he managed portfolios on behalf of institutional clients in North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
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Portfolio Manager for Equities, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BS in Finance, Sy Syms School of Business, Yeshiva University.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
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Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
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BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
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Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
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BS in Finance, Boston College.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
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Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
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BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
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Joined DWS in 2017 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous served as Portfolio Manager at Northern Trust Asset Management where he managed equity portfolios across a variety of global benchmarks. While at Northern Trust, he spent several years in Chicago, London and Hong Kong where he managed portfolios on behalf of institutional clients in North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
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Portfolio Manager for Equities, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BS in Finance, Sy Syms School of Business, Yeshiva University.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
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Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
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BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
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Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
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BS in Finance, Boston College.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
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Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
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BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
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Joined DWS in 2017 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous served as Portfolio Manager at Northern Trust Asset Management where he managed equity portfolios across a variety of global benchmarks. While at Northern Trust, he spent several years in Chicago, London and Hong Kong where he managed portfolios on behalf of institutional clients in North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
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Portfolio Manager for Equities, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BS in Finance, Sy Syms School of Business, Yeshiva University.
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Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
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Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
◾
BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
Xtrackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
◾
Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Boston College.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
◾
Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
◾
Joined DWS in 2017 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous served as Portfolio Manager at Northern Trust Asset Management where he managed equity portfolios across a variety of global benchmarks. While at Northern Trust, he spent several years in Chicago, London and Hong Kong where he managed portfolios on behalf of institutional clients in North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
◾
Portfolio Manager for Equities, Passive Asset Management: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Sy Syms School of Business, Yeshiva University.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
◾
Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
◾
Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
◾
BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
◾
Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Boston College.
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154
Fund Details
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
◾
Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
◾
Joined DWS in 2017 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous served as Portfolio Manager at Northern Trust Asset Management where he managed equity portfolios across a variety of global benchmarks. While at Northern Trust, he spent several years in Chicago, London and Hong Kong where he managed portfolios on behalf of institutional clients in North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
◾
Portfolio Manager for Equities, Passive Asset Management: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Sy Syms School of Business, Yeshiva University.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
◾
Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
◾
Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
◾
BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
◾
Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Boston College.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
◾
Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
◾
Joined DWS in 2017 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous served as Portfolio Manager at Northern Trust Asset Management where he managed equity portfolios across a variety of global benchmarks. While at Northern Trust, he spent several years in Chicago, London and Hong Kong where he managed portfolios on behalf of institutional clients in North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
155
Fund Details
◾
Portfolio Manager for Equities, Passive Asset Management: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Sy Syms School of Business, Yeshiva University.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
◾
Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
◾
Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
◾
BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
◾
Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Boston College.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
◾
Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
◾
Joined DWS in 2017 with 13 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous worked at Northern Trust where he filled a variety of operational functions supporting portfolio management. In 2010 he began managing equity portfolios on behalf of institutional clients across a variety of global benchmarks. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
◾
Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Yeshiva University.
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
◾
Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Boston College.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
◾
Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
156
Fund Details
◾
BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
◾
Joined DWS in 2017 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous served as Portfolio Manager at Northern Trust Asset Management where he managed equity portfolios across a variety of global benchmarks. While at Northern Trust, he spent several years in Chicago, London and Hong Kong where he managed portfolios on behalf of institutional clients in North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
◾
Portfolio Manager for Equities, Passive Asset Management: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Sy Syms School of Business, Yeshiva University.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
◾
Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
◾
Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
◾
BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
◾
Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Boston College.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
◾
Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
◾
Joined DWS in 2017 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous served as Portfolio Manager at Northern Trust Asset Management where he managed equity portfolios across a variety of global benchmarks. While at Northern Trust, he spent several years in Chicago, London and Hong Kong where he managed portfolios on behalf of institutional clients in North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
◾
Portfolio Manager for Equities, Passive Asset Management: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Sy Syms School of Business, Yeshiva University.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
◾
Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
◾
Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
◾
BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
157
Fund Details
Each fund’s Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about a portfolio manager’s investments in each fund, a description of the portfolio management compensation structure and information regarding other accounts managed.
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Fund Details
Additional shareholder information, including how to buy and sell shares of a fund, is available free of charge by calling toll-free: 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS) or visiting our website at Xtrackers.com.
Buying and Selling Shares
Shares of a fund are listed for trading on a national securities exchange during the trading day. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day at market prices like shares of other publicly-traded companies. The Trust does not impose any minimum investment for shares of a fund purchased on an exchange. Buying or selling fund shares involves two types of costs that may apply to all securities transactions. When buying or selling shares of a fund through a broker, you will likely incur a brokerage commission or other charges determined by your broker. In addition, you may incur the cost of the “spread” – that is, any difference between the bid price and the ask price. The commission is frequently a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell small amounts of shares. The spread varies over time for shares of a fund based on its trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if a fund has a lot of trading volume and market liquidity and higher if a fund has little trading volume and market liquidity.
Shares of a fund may be acquired or redeemed directly from a fund only in Creation Units or multiples thereof, as discussed in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Creations and Redemptions.” Only an AP may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with a fund. Once created, shares of a fund generally trade in the secondary market in amounts less than a Creation Unit.
The Board has evaluated the risks of market timing activities by a fund’s shareholders. The Board noted that shares of a fund can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the fund in Creation Units by APs and that the vast majority of trading in a fund’s shares occurs on the secondary market. Because the secondary market trades do not involve a fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in a fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With regard to the purchase or redemption of Creation Units directly with a fund, to the extent effected
in-kind (i.e., for securities), such trades do not cause any of the harmful effects (as previously noted) that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that such trades could result in dilution to a fund and increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact a fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that a fund’s shares trade at or close to NAV. In addition, a fund imposes both fixed and variable transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of fund shares to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by a fund in effecting trades. These fees increase if an investor substitutes cash in part or in whole for securities, reflecting the fact that a fund’s trading costs increase in those circumstances. Given this structure, the Board determined that with respect to a fund it is not necessary to adopt policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of a fund’s shares.
Investments in a fund by other registered investment companies are subject to certain limitations imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Such registered investment companies may invest in a fund beyond the applicable limitations imposed by the 1940 Act pursuant to the terms and conditions of a rule enacted by the SEC, which includes a requirement that such registered investment companies enter into an agreement with the Trust.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 159 | Investing in the Funds |
Shares of a fund trade on the exchange and under the ticker symbol as shown in the table below.
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Emerging
Markets Hedged Equity
ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE
Hedged
Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Germany
Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI Japan
Hedged
Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI Europe
Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI All
World ex
US Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI All
World ex
US High Dividend Yield
Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE
High
Dividend Yield Equity
ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Eurozone
Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Book Entry
Shares of a fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of a fund and is recognized as the owner of all shares for all purposes.
Investors owning shares of a fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for shares of a fund. DTC participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you hold in book-entry or “street name” form.
Share Prices
The trading prices of a fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from a fund’s daily NAV per share and are affected by market forces such as supply and
demand, economic conditions and other factors. Information regarding the intraday value of shares of a fund, also known as the “indicative optimized portfolio value” (“IOPV”), is disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which a fund’s shares are listed or by market data vendors or other information providers. The IOPV is based on the current market value of the securities and/or cash required to be deposited in exchange for a Creation Unit. The IOPV does not necessarily reflect the precise composition of the current portfolio of securities held by a fund at a particular point in time nor the best possible valuation of the current portfolio. Therefore, the IOPV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV, which is computed only once a day. The IOPV is generally determined by using both current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities held by a fund. The quotations of certain fund holdings may not be updated during US trading hours if such holdings do not trade in the US. Each fund is not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the IOPV and makes no representation or warranty as to its accuracy.
Determination of Net Asset Value
The NAV of each fund is generally determined once daily Monday through Friday as of the regularly scheduled close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each day that the NYSE is open for trading, provided that (a) any fund assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the US dollar are translated into US dollars at the prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers (as detailed below) and (b) US fixed-income assets may be valued as of the announced closing time for trading in fixed-income instruments in a particular market or exchange. NAV is calculated by deducting all of the fund’s liabilities from the total value of its assets and dividing the result by the number of shares outstanding, rounding to the nearest cent. All valuations are subject to review by the Trust’s Board or its delegate.
The Trust’s Board has designated the Advisor as the valuation designee for the fund pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor’s Pricing Committee typically values securities using readily available market quotations or prices supplied by independent pricing services (which are considered fair values under Rule 2a-5).
The Advisor has adopted fair valuation procedures that provide methodologies for fair valuing securities when pricing service prices or market quotations are not readily available, including when a security’s value or a meaningful portion of the value of the fund’s portfolio is believed to have been materially affected by a significant event such as a natural disaster, an economic event like a bankruptcy filing, or a substantial fluctuation in domestic or foreign markets that has occurred between the close of the exchange or market on which the security is principally
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traded (for example, a foreign exchange or market) and the close of the New York Stock Exchange. In such a case, the fund’s value for a security is likely to be different from the last quoted market price or pricing service prices. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, it is possible that the value determined for a particular asset may be materially different from the value realized upon such asset’s sale. In addition, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate a fund’s NAV and the prices used by the fund’s Underlying Index. This may adversely affect the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. With respect to securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges, the value of the fund’s portfolio securities may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or sell your shares.
The approximate value of shares of the applicable fund, an amount representing on a per share basis the sum of the current value of the deposit securities based on their then current market price and the estimated cash component will be disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association. As the respective international local markets close, the market value of the deposit securities will continue to be updated for foreign exchange rates for the remainder of the US trading day at the prescribed 15 second intervals. With respect to Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF and Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF (the “Non-Currency Hedged Funds”), foreign currency exchange rates with respect to the fund’s non-US securities are generally determined as of 4:00 p.m., London time. Generally, trading in non-US securities, US government securities, money market instruments and certain fixed-income securities is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the Non-Currency Hedged Funds are determined as of such times. The value of each Underlying Index will not be calculated and disseminated intra-day. The value and return of each Underlying Index is calculated once each trading day by the Index Provider based on prices received from the respective international local markets. In addition, with respect to the Non-Currency Hedged Funds, the value of assets or liabilities denominated in non-US currencies will be converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of the valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. Use of a rate different from the rate used by the Index Provider (to the extent the Index Provider calculates a US dollar value for the Underlying Index) may adversely affect the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index.
Creations and Redemptions
Prior to trading in the secondary market, shares of the funds are “created” at NAV by market makers, large investors and institutions only in block-size Creation Units of 50,000 (200,000 for Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity
ETF) shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The size of a Creation Unit will be subject to change. Each “creator” or AP (which must be a DTC participant) enters into an authorized participant agreement (“Authorized Participant Agreement”) with the fund’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”), subject to acceptance by the Transfer Agent. Only an AP may create or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are issued and redeemed in exchange for a specific basket of securities approximating the holdings of a fund and a designated amount of cash. Because certain funds invest a portion of its assets in forward currency contracts, those funds may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares are not redeemable by the fund. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received in a form described in the Authorized Participant Agreement.
Additional information about the procedures regarding creation and redemption of Creation Units (including the cut-off times for receipt of creation and redemption orders) is included in the SAI.
Each fund intends to comply with the US federal securities laws in accepting securities for deposits and satisfying redemptions with redemption securities, including that the securities accepted for deposits and the securities used to satisfy redemption requests will be sold in transactions that would be exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”). Further, an AP that is not a “qualified institutional buyer,” as such term is defined under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, will not be able to receive fund securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A.
Authorized Participants and the Continuous Offering of Shares
Because new shares may be created and issued on an ongoing basis, at any point during the life of a fund a “distribution,” as such term is used in the 1933 Act, may be occurring. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner that could render them statutory underwriters and subject to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act. Any determination of whether one is an underwriter must take into account all the relevant facts and circumstances of each particular case.
Broker-dealers should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary transactions), and thus dealing with shares that are part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the 1933 Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the
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Investing in the Funds
1933 Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153 under the 1933 Act is available only with respect to transactions on a national securities exchange.
Certain affiliates of a fund and the Advisor may purchase and resell fund shares pursuant to this Prospectus.
Transaction Fees
APs are charged standard creation and redemption transaction fees to offset transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. Purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units for cash are required to pay an additional variable charge (up to a maximum of 2% for redemptions, including the standard redemption fee) to compensate for brokerage and market impact expenses. The standard creation and redemption transaction fee for each fund is set forth in the table below. The maximum redemption fee, as a percentage of the amount redeemed, is 2%.
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI Emerging
Markets Hedged Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged
Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers MSCI Germany
Hedged Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers MSCI Japan
Hedged Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers MSCI Europe
Hedged Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers MSCI All World ex
US Hedged Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers MSCI All World ex
US High Dividend Yield Equity
ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High
Dividend Yield Equity ETF(1)
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Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone
Hedged Equity ETF |
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(1) Effective January 30, 2019, the standard and maximum transaction fees for the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit of the Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF will be paid by the fund’s Advisor. As such, the standard and maximum transaction fees for the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit of the fund will be reduced from $900 to $0; however, the Advisor reserves the right to amend or discontinue this subsidy upon supplement to a fund’s prospectus.
Dividends and Distributions
General Policies. Dividends from net investment income, if any, are generally declared and paid semi-annually (quarterly for Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF and Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF) by each fund. Distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis for a fund. The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion,
such action is necessary or advisable to preserve a fund’s status as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income or realized gains.
Dividends and other distributions on shares of a fund are distributed on a pro rata basis to beneficial owners of such shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC participants and indirect participants to beneficial owners as of the record date with proceeds received from a fund.
Dividend Reinvestment Service. No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by beneficial owners of a fund for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of a fund purchased in the secondary market. Taxable dividend distributions will be subject to US federal income tax whether received in cash or reinvested in additional shares.
Taxes
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in shares of a fund will be taxed. The US federal income tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in shares of a fund.
Unless your investment in fund shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-advantaged retirement account, such as an IRA, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when a fund makes distributions or you sell fund shares.
US Federal Income Tax on Distributions
Distributions from a fund’s net investment income (other than qualified dividend income), including distributions of income from securities lending and distributions out of the fund’s net short-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to you as ordinary income for US federal income tax purposes. Distributions by a fund of net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (capital gain dividends) are taxable for US federal income tax purposes to non-corporate shareholders as long- term capital gains, regardless of how long the shareholders have held such fund’s shares. Distributions by a fund that qualify as qualified dividend income are taxable to non-corporate shareholders at long-term capital gain rates. The maximum individual US federal income tax rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” and long-term capital gains is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold
Prospectus October 1, 2022
162
Investing in the Funds
amounts. As discussed below, an additional 3.8% Medicare tax may also apply to certain non-corporate shareholder’s distributions from a fund.
A non-corporate shareholder may be eligible to treat qualified dividend income received by a fund as qualified dividend income when distributed to the non-corporate shareholder if the shareholder satisfies certain holding period and other requirements. Generally, qualified dividend income includes dividend income from taxable US corporations and qualified non-US corporations, provided that a fund satisfies certain holding period requirements in respect of the stock of such corporations and has not hedged its position in the stock in certain ways. For this purpose, a qualified non-US corporation means any non-US corporation that is eligible for benefits under a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States which includes an exchange of information program or if the stock with respect to which the dividend was paid is readily tradable on an established United States security market. The term excludes a corporation that is a passive foreign investment company.
Dividends received by a fund from a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) or another RIC generally are eligible for qualified dividend income treatment only to the extent the dividend distributions are made out of qualified dividend income received by such REIT or RIC. It is expected that dividends received by a fund from a REIT and distributed to a shareholder generally will be taxable to the shareholder as ordinary income but may be eligible for a 20% qualified business income deduction by non-corporate shareholders if so reported by the fund and certain holding period requirements are satisfied.
For a dividend to be treated as qualified dividend income, the dividend must be received with respect to a share of stock held without being hedged by a fund, and to a share of the fund held without being hedged by the shareholder receiving the dividend, for 61 days during the 121-day period beginning at the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend or in the case of certain preferred stock 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date.
In general, your distributions are subject to US federal income tax for the year when they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year.
Distributions in excess of a fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated for US federal income tax purposes as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s basis in his, her or its shares of the fund, and generally as a capital gain thereafter. Because a return of capital distribution will reduce the shareholder’s cost basis in his, her or its shares, a return of capital distribution may result in a higher capital gain or lower capital loss when those shares on which the distribution was received are sold.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a non-US entity, a fund’s ordinary income dividends (which include distributions of net short-term capital gains) will generally be subject to a 30% US withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies or unless such income is effectively connected with a US trade or business, provided that withholding tax will generally not apply to any gain or income realized by a non-US shareholder in respect of any distributions of long-term capital gains or upon the sale or other disposition of shares of a fund.
Dividends and interest received by a fund with respect to non-US securities may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by non-US countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the total assets of a fund at the close of a year consist of non-US stocks or securities, the fund may for US federal income tax purposes “pass through” to you certain non-US income taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the fund. This means that you would be considered to have received as additional gross income your share of such non-US taxes, but you may, in such case, be entitled to either a corresponding tax deduction or credit in calculating your US federal income tax, subject in both cases to certain limitations.
If you are a resident or a citizen of the United States, by law, back-up withholding (currently at a rate of 24%) will apply to your distributions and proceeds if you have not provided a taxpayer identification number or social security number and made other required certifications or if you are otherwise subject to back-up withholding.
For Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF only, to the extent the fund does not distribute to shareholders all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain in a given year whether due to Chinese restrictions on repatriations or otherwise, it will be required to pay US federal income tax on the retained income and gains, thereby reducing the fund’s return. A fund may elect to treat any retained net capital gain as having been distributed to shareholders. In that case, shareholders of record on the last day of the fund’s taxable year will be required to include their attributable share of the retained gain in income for the year as a long-term capital gain despite not actually receiving the dividend, and will be entitled to a tax credit or refund for the tax deemed paid on their behalf by the fund as well as an increase in the basis of their shares to reflect the difference between their attributable share of the gain and the related credit or refund.
US Federal Income Tax when Shares are Sold
Currently, any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares is generally treated as a long-term gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares held
Prospectus October 1, 2022
163
Investing in the Funds
for one year or less is generally treated as short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid with respect to such shares. Your ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
Medicare Tax
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from a fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of fund shares) of US individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the consequences under current US federal income tax law of an investment in a fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. You may also be subject to state, local and foreign taxation on fund distributions and sales of shares. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences of an investment in shares of a fund under all applicable tax laws.
Distribution
The Distributor distributes Creation Units for each fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in shares of a fund. The Distributor has no role in determining the policies of a fund or the securities that are purchased or sold by a fund. The Distributor’s principal address is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.
The Advisor and/or its affiliates may pay additional compensation, out of their own assets and not as an additional charge to a fund, to selected affiliated and unaffiliated brokers, dealers, participating insurance companies or other financial intermediaries (“financial representatives”) in connection with the sale and/or distribution of fund shares or the retention and/or servicing of fund investors and fund shares (“revenue sharing”). For example, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may compensate financial representatives for providing a fund with “shelf space” or access to a third party platform or fund offering list or other marketing programs, including, without limitation, inclusion of a fund on preferred or recommended sales lists, fund “supermarket” platforms and other formal sales programs; granting the Advisor and/ or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s sales force; granting the Advisor and/or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s conferences and meetings; assistance in training and educating the financial representative’s personnel; and obtaining other forms of marketing support.
The level of revenue sharing payments made to financial representatives may be a fixed fee or based upon one or more of the following factors: gross sales, current assets and/or number of accounts of a fund attributable to the financial representative, the particular fund or fund type or other measures as agreed to by the Advisor and/or its affiliates and the financial representatives or any combination thereof. The amount of these revenue sharing payments is determined at the discretion of the Advisor and/or its affiliates from time to time, may be substantial, and may be different for different financial representatives based on, for example, the nature of the services provided by the financial representative.
Receipt of, or the prospect of receiving, additional compensation may influence your financial representative’s recommendation of a fund. You should review your financial representative’s compensation disclosure and/or talk to your financial representative to obtain more information on how this compensation may have influenced your financial representative’s recommendation of the fund. Additional information regarding these revenue sharing payments is included in a fund’s Statement of Additional Information, which is available to you on request at no charge (see the back cover of this Prospectus for more information on how to request a copy of the Statement of Additional Information).
It is possible that broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions for a fund will also sell shares of a fund to their customers. However, the Advisor will not consider the sale of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for a fund. Accordingly, the Advisor has implemented policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent its traders from considering sales of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for a fund. In addition, the Advisor and/or its affiliates will not use fund brokerage to pay for their obligation to provide additional compensation to financial representatives as described above.
Premium/Discount Information
Information regarding how often shares of each fund traded on NYSE Arca or Cboe at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the NAV of each fund during the past calendar year can be found at Xtrackers.com.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
164
Investing in the Funds
The financial highlights are designed to help you understand recent financial performance. The figures in the first part of each table are for a single share. The total return figures represent the percentage that an investor in a fund would have earned (or lost), assuming all dividends and distributions were reinvested. This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with each fund’s financial statements, is included in each fund’s Annual Report (see “For More Information” on the back cover).
Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)c |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
c
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 165 | Financial Highlights |
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)c |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
c
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)c |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
c
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 166 | Financial Highlights |
Xtrackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)c |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
c
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)d |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
c
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
d
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 167 | Financial Highlights |
Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)c |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
c
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)c |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
c
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 168 | Financial Highlights |
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)c |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
c
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)c |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
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Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 169 | Financial Highlights |
Index Providers and Licenses
MSCI, Inc. (“MSCI”) is a leading provider of global indexes and benchmark related products and services to investors worldwide. MSCI is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, The Bank of New York Mellon, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates.
Nasdaq is responsible for the rules-based methodology of the Nasdaq Indexes. Nasdaq is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, BNYM, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates. Nasdaq is responsible for administration and calculation of the Nasdaq Indexes. Nasdaq is responsible for implementing the methodology for the composition of the Nasdaq Indexes.
The Advisor has entered into a license agreement with each Index Provider to use each Underlying Index. All license fees are paid by the Advisor out of its own resources and not the assets of a fund.
During extraordinary market conditions, the Index Provider may delay any scheduled rebalancing of an Underlying Index. During any such delay it is possible that the Underlying Index will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology.
MSCI Indexes
The MSCI Indexes are calculated and maintained by MSCI Inc. (“Index Provider” or “MSCI”). MSCI’s Global Investable Market Indexes (the “MSCI GIMI”) provide exhaustive coverage and non-overlapping market segmentation by market capitalization size, sector and by style segments and combinations thereof.
The MSCI GIMI intends to target approximately 99% coverage of the free float-adjusted market capitalization in each market of large-, mid- and small-cap securities.
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MSCI Global Standard Indexes cover all investable large- and mid-cap securities by including approximately 85% of each market’s free float-adjusted market capitalization.
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MSCI Global Small Cap Indexes provide coverage to all companies with a market capitalization below that of the companies in the MSCI Global Standard Indexes by including above and beyond the coverage of the MSCI Global Standard Indexes.
Under MSCI’s Global Investable Market Index methodology, the small-cap universe consists of securities of those companies not included in the large-cap or mid- cap segments of a particular market, which together comprise approximately 85% of each market’s free float- adjusted market capitalization. The small cap segment covers the 85%-99% range of each market’s free float- adjusted market capitalization.
Defining the Equity Universe. MSCI begins with securities listed in countries in the MSCI Global Index Series. Of these countries, 23 are classified as developed markets and 26 as emerging markets. All listed equity securities and listed securities that exhibit characteristics of equity securities, except mutual funds, exchange-traded funds, equity derivatives, limited partnerships and most investment trusts, are eligible for inclusion in the equity universe. Real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) in some countries and certain income trusts in Canada are also eligible for inclusion. Each company and its securities (i.e., Share classes) are classified in only one country, which allows for a distinctive sorting of each company by its respective country.
MSCI Hedged Indexes
The MSCI Hedged Indexes are currency hedged versions of the MSCI GIMI Indexes. The MSCI Hedged Indexes are maintained with an objective of reflecting the evolution of the underlying currency exposures in the MSCI GIMI Indexes on a timely basis. In particular, index maintenance involves:
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Resetting the weights of the currencies to be sold in the index; and
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Rolling the forward contracts over to the next month.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 170 | Appendix |
The MSCI Hedged Indexes are rebalanced monthly on the last trading day of the month, when the index will take into account the effect of rolling into new 1-month forward contracts based on the newly determined weights of currency to be sold for the next month’s index calculation. The currency weights are determined as of the close of two business days before the first calendar day of following month and remain constant intra month. This means that no changes in the weights are made during the month to account for changes in the indexes due to price movement of securities, corporate events, additions, deletions or any other changes. The daily calculation of MSCI Hedged Indexes marks to market the one-month forward contracts on a daily basis by using an equal and offsetting forward position.
MSCI High Dividend Yield Indexes
The MSCI High Dividend Yield Indexes exclude REITs. REITs have structurally very high dividend yield and, if included, would represent a very significant proportion of the MSCI High Dividend Yield Index. Also, typically, regulatory constraints restrict the inclusion of REITs in meaningful proportions in many institutional portfolios.
Each MSCI High Dividend Yield Index targets companies with high dividend income and quality characteristics and includes companies that have higher than average dividend yields that are both sustainable and persistent. Index construction starts with a dividend screening process: only securities with a track record of consistent dividend payments over the previous four years and with the capacity to sustain dividend payouts into the future are eligible index constituents. A determination by MSCI that an issuer has the capacity to sustain dividends into the future is no guarantee that such issuer will continue to distribute dividends. Securities are also screened based on certain “quality” factors such as return on equity, earnings variability, debt to equity, and on recent 12-month price performance. The goal is to exclude stocks with potentially deteriorating fundamentals that could be forced to cut or reduce dividends. From the list of eligible companies, only those with higher than average dividend yields are selected for inclusion in the index. Issuer weights are capped at 5%. Each MSCI High Dividend Yield Index is market cap weighted and rebalanced semi-annually in May and November.
MSCI High Dividend Yield Indexes consider the following:
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Securities with zero or negative payout ratios are not considered for inclusion in the MSCI High Dividend Yield Indexes as they either do not pay dividends or have negative earnings which may put their future dividend payments at risk. Additionally, securities with an extremely high payout ratio, which occurs when earnings are low relative to dividends and may also indicate that the dividend payment might not be sustainable in the future, are also not considered for inclusion in the MSCI High Dividend Yield Indexes. Under this screen, securities with extremely high payout ratios, defined to be the top 5% of securities by number within the universe of securities with positive payout, are not considered eligible for inclusion in the index. The use of a relative payout ratio screen ensures that the companies at most relative risk of dividend cuts are excluded irrespective of the absolute level of the payout.
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Securities with a negative five-year dividend per share (“DPS”) growth are also excluded from the MSCI High Dividend Yield Indexes as their dividend growth is shrinking which could be a precursor to lower dividends. In addition, securities ranked in the bottom 5% of the universe of securities with negative one-year price performance are excluded from the MSCI High Dividend Yield Indexes.
Securities that have passed the above two screens are then considered for inclusion in the MSCI High Dividend Yield Indexes. Only securities with a dividend yield greater than or equal to 1.3 times the dividend yield of the Parent Index are included in the MSCI High Dividend Yield Indexes. For example, MSCI compares the yield of a European security to the yield of the MSCI Europe Index to determine if it is eligible for inclusion in the MSCI Europe High Dividend Yield Index. By contrast, MSCI compares the yield of the same security to the yield of the MSCI World Index to determine if it is eligible for inclusion in the MSCI World High Dividend Yield Index.
Each MSCI High Dividend Yield Index is a free float adjusted market capitalization weighted index. The MSCI Hedged Indexes, which are the Funds’ Underlying Indexes, are currency-hedged versions of the respective MSCI High Dividend Yield Indexes.
NASDAQ Indexes
The NASDAQ Eurozone Large Mid Cap Index (the “NASDAQ Index”) is calculated and maintained by Nasdaq Global Indexes (“Index Provider” or “Nasdaq”). The NASDAQ Indexes are float adjusted market capitalization-weighted indexes.
Defining the Equity Universe. The selection universe for the NASDAQ Indexes is defined by the constituents of the NASDAQ Global Index (the “Global Index”). The Global Index covers approximately 9,000 large-, mid- and small- capitalization securities which are weighted according to their free float adjusted market capitalization. The Global Index does not overlap, meaning that all individual securities can only be assigned to one country, one size segment and one sector.
To be initially eligible for inclusion in the NASDAQ Global Index, an index security must meet the following criteria:
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The index security must have been traded for at least three months on an index eligible global stock exchange;
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 171 | Appendix |
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Security types generally eligible for inclusion include common stocks, ordinary shares, depositary receipts, shares of beneficial interest of REITs and preferred shares. Security types generally not included include closed-end funds, convertible debentures, exchange- traded funds, limited partnership interests, preferred stock, rights, shares of limited liability companies, warrants and other derivative securities;
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Must have a minimum worldwide market capitalization of US $150 million;
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Must have a minimum three month average daily trading volume of US $100,000;
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Must have a minimum free float percentage of at least 20%. A security with a free float percentage of less than 20% but greater than 5% will be eligible for inclusion as long as its free float adjusted market capitalization weight within its country is greater than 5% of the aggregate weight of the country;
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The security must have been traded for at least three months on an index eligible stock exchange;
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The security must be within a country classified as developed or emerging markets; and
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The security may not be issued by an issuer currently in bankruptcy proceedings.
The NASDAQ Developed Markets Index is a subset of the NASDAQ Global Index and is comprised of the indexes of 25 countries designated as developed markets by the Index Provider. In order to qualify for inclusion in the developed markets segment, a country must meet the following quantitative criteria:
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Must have a gross national income per capita of US $20,000 or higher for three consecutive years;
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Must have a market capitalization of US $30 billion or higher;
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Volume, or total annual turnover, must be US $10 billion or higher;
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Must have a minimum free float percentage of at least 45%; and
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Must have at least 10 index securities that qualify for inclusion in the index.
Each eligible index security is then assigned by Nasdaq to a country which will govern its inclusion into a country, sub-region, region and segment index based on three categories:
(i)
the index security’s country of incorporation;
(ii)
the index security’s country of domicile; and
(iii)
the index security’s country of primary exchange listing. Generally, if two or more of the categories match, the index security will be assigned to that country.
At each semi-annual evaluation in March and September, Nasdaq divides the indices into large cap, mid cap, large mid cap and small cap segments based on cumulative market capitalization weight. Nasdaq utilizes a top-down approach to assign the index securities into the respective size indexes. The large mid cap index includes index securities with a market capitalization in the top 90% of the NASDAQ Global Index market capitalization.
Maintaining the Equity Universe. The NASDAQ Indexes are evaluated semi-annually in March and September to allow for continued and correct representation of the changing global equity markets.
Disclaimers
THE FUNDS ARE NOT SPONSORED, ENDORSED, SOLD OR PROMOTED BY MSCI INC. (“MSCI”), ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES, ANY OF ITS INFORMATION PROVIDERS OR ANY OTHER THIRD PARTY INVOLVED IN, OR RELATED TO, COMPILING, COMPUTING OR CREATING ANY MSCI INDEX (COLLECTIVELY, THE “MSCI PARTIES”). THE MSCI INDEXES ARE THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF MSCI. MSCI AND THE MSCI INDEX NAMES ARE SERVICE MARK(S) OF MSCI OR ITS AFFILIATES AND HAVE BEEN LICENSED FOR USE FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES BY THE ADVISER. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES MAKES ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, TO THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE FUNDS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY REGARDING THE ADVISABILITY OF INVESTING IN FUNDS GENERALLY OR IN A FUND PARTICULARLY OR THE ABILITY OF ANY MSCI INDEX TO TRACK CORRESPONDING STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE. MSCI OR ITS AFFILIATES ARE THE LICENSORS OF CERTAIN TRADEMARKS, SERVICE MARKS AND TRADE NAMES AND OF THE MSCI INDEXES WHICH ARE DETERMINED, COMPOSED AND CALCULATED BY MSCI WITHOUT REGARD TO THE FUNDS OR THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE FUNDS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES HAS ANY OBLIGATION TO TAKE THE NEEDS OF THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE FUNDS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY INTO CONSIDERATION IN DETERMINING, COMPOSING OR CALCULATING THE MSCI INDEXES. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES IS RESPONSIBLE FOR OR HAS PARTICIPATED IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE TIMING OF, PRICES AT, OR QUANTITIES OF THE FUNDS TO BE ISSUED OR IN THE DETERMINATION OR CALCULATION OF THE EQUATION BY OR THE CONSIDERATION INTO WHICH THE FUNDS ARE REDEEMABLE. FURTHER, NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES HAS ANY OBLIGATION OR LIABILITY TO THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE FUNDS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE ADMINISTRATION, MARKETING OR OFFERING OF THE FUNDS.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 172 | Appendix |
ALTHOUGH MSCI SHALL OBTAIN INFORMATION FOR INCLUSION IN OR FOR USE IN THE CALCULATION OF THE MSCI INDEXES FROM SOURCES THAT MSCI CONSIDERS RELIABLE, NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES WARRANTS OR GUARANTEES THE ORIGINALITY, ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF ANY MSCI INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES MAKES ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY THE ISSUER OF THE FUNDS, OWNERS OF THE FUNDS, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY, FROM THE USE OF ANY MSCI INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES SHALL HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS OR INTERRUPTIONS OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH ANY MSCI INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. FURTHER, NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES MAKES ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, AND THE MSCI PARTIES HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO EACH MSCI INDEX AND ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL ANY OF THE MSCI PARTIES HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, CONSEQUENTIAL OR ANY OTHER DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS) EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
NO PURCHASER, SELLER OR HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY, PRODUCT OR FUND, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY, SHOULD USE OR REFER TO ANY MSCI TRADE NAME, TRADEMARK OR SERVICE MARK TO SPONSOR, ENDORSE, MARKET OR PROMOTE THIS SECURITY WITHOUT FIRST CONTACTING MSCI TO DETERMINE WHETHER MSCI’S PERMISSION IS REQUIRED. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES MAY ANY PERSON OR ENTITY CLAIM ANY AFFILIATION WITH MSCI WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION OF MSCI.
Shares of Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF and Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by NYSE Arca. NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the funds or any member of the public regarding the ability of the funds to track the total return performance of the Underlying Indexes or the ability of the Underlying Indexes to track stock market performance. NYSE Arca is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the compilation or the calculation of the Underlying Indexes, nor in the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of shares of the funds to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares are redeemable. NYSE Arca has no obligation or liability to owners of the shares of the funds in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the shares of the funds.
NYSE Arca does not guarantee the accuracy and/or the completeness of the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein. NYSE Arca makes no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by the Trust on behalf of the funds as licensee, licensee’s customers and counterparties, owners of the shares of the funds, or any other person or entity from the use of the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein in connection with the rights licensed as described herein or for any other use. NYSE Arca makes no express or implied warranties and hereby expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall NYSE Arca have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
The Product(s) are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by NASDAQ, Inc. (“NASDAQ”) or its affiliates (NASDAQ, with its affiliates, are referred to as the “Corporations”). The Corporations have not passed on the legality or suitability of, or the accuracy or adequacy of descriptions and disclosures relating to, the Product(s). The Corporations make no representation or warranty, express or implied to the owners of the Product(s) or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Product(s) particularly, or the ability of each Underlying Index to track general stock market performance. The Corporations’ only relationship to each fund (“Licensee”) is in the licensing of the Nasdaq® and certain trade names of the Corporations and the use of each Underlying Index which is determined, composed and calculated by NASDAQ without regard to Licensee or the Product(s). NASDAQ has no obligation to take the needs of the Licensee or the owners of the Product(s) into consideration in determining, composing or calculating each Underlying Index. The Corporations are not responsible for and have not participated in the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of the Product(s) to be issued or in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the Product(s) is to be converted into cash. The Corporations have no liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Product(s).
THE CORPORATIONS DO NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR UNINTERRUPTED CALCULATION OF EACH UNDERLYING INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. THE CORPORATIONS MAKE NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY LICENSEE, OWNERS OF THE PRODUCT(S), OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF EACH UNDERLYING INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. THE CORPORATIONS
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 173 | Appendix |
MAKE NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO EACH UNDERLYING INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL THE CORPORATIONS HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY LOST PROFITS OR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
The Advisor does not guarantee the accuracy or the completeness of the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein and the Advisor shall have no liability for any errors, omissions or interruptions therein.
The Advisor makes no warranty, express or implied, to the owners of shares of the funds or to any other person or entity, as to results to be obtained by the funds from the use of the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein. The Advisor makes no express or implied warranties and expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with respect to the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Advisor have any liability for any special, punitive, direct, indirect or consequential damages (including lost profits), even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 174 | Appendix |
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
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1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS)
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If you have any questions about the Trust or shares of a fund or you wish to obtain the SAI or shareholder report free of charge, please:
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Information about a fund (including the SAI), reports and other information about a fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s website at sec.gov, and copies of
this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
Householding is an option available to certain fund investors. Householding is a method of delivery, based on the preference of the individual investor, in which a single copy of certain shareholder documents can be delivered to investors who share the same address, even if their accounts are registered under different names. Please contact your broker-dealer if you are interested in enrolling in householding and receiving a single copy of prospectuses and other shareholder documents, or if you are currently enrolled in householding and wish to change your householding status.
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Investment Company Act File No.: 811-22487
Prospectus
October 1, 2022
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.: ESHY |
Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.: ESCR |
The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Your investment in a fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
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Stock Exchange: Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
Investment Objective
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the J.P. Morgan ESG DM Corporate High Yield USD Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 47% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which applies environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) considerations to a broader parent index. The Underlying Index generally aims to keep the broad characteristics of its parent index, the J.P. Morgan DM High Yield USD Index (a USD denominated high yield corporate bond index of developed market issuers), resulting in a broad high yield fixed income market exposure with ESG aspects.
The Underlying Index uses the J.P. Morgan DM High Yield USD Index as its parent index before implementing ESG considerations. Each issuer within the parent index is given an ESG score and assigned to a quintile based on that score. All issuers within the lowest quintile are removed from consideration for the Underlying Index, and the remainder are either weighted up or down based on which quintile they were scored in, with the best performers being weighted more heavily, and the remaining lower scoring issuers being weighted more lightly.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 1 | Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF |
The Index Provider obtains ESG factor valuations for each issuer in the parent index from RepRisk and Sustainalytics, which are investment research providers dedicated to responsible investing and ESG research. These ESG factor valuations are obtained from each provider and translated by the Index Provider to a range of 0 – 100, with 100 being the best possible score. The Index Provider’s finalized ESG score for each issuer incorporates a 3-month rolling average of the scores from each individual provider. The Index Provider calculates ESG scores daily.
In addition, if an instrument is categorized as “green” by the Climate Bond Initiative (“CBI”) under the criteria used by the CBI to certify bonds as being closely linked with green and climate friendly assets or projects, the security will be upgraded one quintile from the quintile to which it originally was assigned. Issuers involved in thermal coal, tobacco, weapons, oil sands or UN Global Compact principle violation are excluded from the index regardless of their ESG score.
The Underlying Index consists of fixed rate bonds, floating rate bonds, hybrid bonds, step-up bonds (securities that pay an initial interest rate but also have a feature where the rate increases at periodic intervals), payment-in-kind (“PIK”) bonds, toggle bonds (PIK bonds where the issuer has an option to defer an interest payment by paying an increased coupon in the future), amortizer bonds (bonds where the principal on the debt is paid down regularly), perpetual bonds (a bond with no maturity date), Sukuk bonds (Islamic financial certificates) and all subordinated financial bonds excluding AT1 bonds (a category of bonds issued by banks designed to absorb losses if the bank’s equity capital dips below a certain threshold), structured bonds, credit enhanced bonds, and securities issued by sovereign and quasi-sovereign entities (bonds issued by entities wholly-owned or guaranteed by the government). Additional exclusions include bonds with less than two years to maturity to enter the Underlying Index, less than six full months to maturity if already part of the Underlying Index and have less than $250 million of minimum issue size. The Underlying Index only includes eligible bonds issued by countries in developed markets which currently are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Puerto Rico, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Inclusion in the Underlying Index is limited to USD denominated high yield securities of developed market issuers. Credit rating will be determined based on the following rules: (i) the middle rating of the S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”), Moody’s Investors Services, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or Fitch Investors Services, Inc. (“Fitch”); (ii) the lower rating when two ratings are available; and (iii) the sole rating when only one rating is provided. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced on a monthly basis. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with
the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was comprised of 1,914 bonds issued by 879 different issuers, with an average market capitalization of approximately $434 million (calculated based on number of bonds in Underlying Index) and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $38 million (calculated based on number of bonds in Underlying Index). As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from the United States (87.56%). The fund uses a representative sampling indexing strategy in seeking to track the Underlying Index, meaning it generally will invest in a sample of securities in the index whose risk, return and other characteristics resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Underlying Index as a whole.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in corporate bonds rated high yield by credit rating agencies (e.g., S&P rating below BBB-). In addition, the fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets, but typically far more, in instruments that comprise the Underlying Index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the communication services (16.562%) and consumer discretionary (15.68%) sectors. The communication services sector includes companies that facilitate communication and offer related content and information through various mediums. It includes telecom and media and entertainment companies including producers of interactive gaming products and companies engaged in content and information creation or distribution through proprietary platforms. The consumer discretionary goods sector includes durable goods, apparel, entertainment and leisure, and automobiles. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund is not sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., and J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. bears no liability with respect to any index on which the fund is based.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
2
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Inflation risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the real value of certain assets or real income from investments (the value of such assets or income after accounting for inflation) will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. Inflation, and investors’ expectation of future inflation, can impact the current value of the fund's portfolio, resulting in lower asset values and losses to shareholders. This risk may be elevated compared to historical market conditions because of recent monetary policy measures and the current interest rate environment.
ESG investment strategy risk. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology, and thus the fund’s investment strategy, limits the types and number of investment opportunities available to the fund and, as a result, the fund may underperform other funds that do not have an ESG focus. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology may result in the fund investing in securities or industry sectors that underperform the market as a whole or underperform other funds screened for ESG standards. The ESG scores used in the Underlying Index’s ESG methodology are based on publicly available information and/or provided by the companies themselves and such information may be unavailable or unreliable. Additionally, investors may differ in their interpretations of what constitutes positive or negative ESG characteristics of a company. For those reasons, the index provider may be unsuccessful in creating an index composed of companies that exhibit positive ESG characteristics. To the extent that circumstances change between the Underlying Index’s scheduled rebalancing dates, the Underlying Index may include, and the fund may hold for a period of time, securities of companies that do not align with the ESG criteria. The companies identified by the Index Provider as meeting the ESG criteria for the Underlying Index may not be the same companies selected by other index providers for other indices that use similar ESG criteria. Regulatory changes or interpretations regarding the definitions and/or use of ESG criteria could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective, as well as the ability of certain classes of investors to invest in funds following an ESG strategy such as the fund.
Fixed income securities risk. Fixed-income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer, willingness of broker-dealers and other market participants to make markets in the applicable securities, and general
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market liquidity (i.e., market risk). Lower rated fixed-income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. There is a risk that a lack of liquidity or other adverse credit market conditions may hamper the fund’s ability to sell the debt securities in which it invests or to find and purchase debt instruments included in the Underlying Index.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Communication services sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the communication services sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the communication services sector. Companies in the communications services sector can be adversely affected by, among other things, changes in government regulation, intense competition, dependency on patent protection, equipment incompatibility, changing consumer preferences, technological obsolescence, and large capital expenditures and debt burdens.
Consumer discretionary sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer discretionary sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer discretionary sector. Companies engaged in the consumer discretionary sector are subject to fluctuations in supply and demand. These companies may also be adversely affected by changes in consumer spending as a result of world events, political and economic conditions, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources and labor relations.
High yield securities risk. Securities that are rated below investment-grade (commonly referred to as “junk bonds,” including those bonds rated lower than “BBB-” by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and Fitch, Inc. or “Baa3” by Moody’s Investors Services, Inc.), or are unrated, may be deemed speculative and may be more volatile than higher rated securities of similar maturity with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. High-yield debt securities’ total return and yield may generally be expected to fluctuate more than the total return and yield of investment-grade debt securities. A real or perceived economic downturn or an increase in market interest rates could cause a decline in the value of high-yield debt securities, result in increased redemptions and/or result in increased portfolio turnover, which could result in a decline in the NAV of the fund, reduce liquidity for certain investments and/or increase costs. High-yield
debt securities are often thinly traded and can be more difficult to sell and value accurately than investment-grade debt securities because there may be no established secondary market. Investments in high-yield debt securities could increase liquidity risk for the fund. In addition, the market for high-yield debt securities could experience sudden and sharp volatility, which is generally associated more with investments in stocks.
Interest rate risk. When interest rates rise, prices of debt securities generally decline. The longer the duration of the fund’s debt securities, the more sensitive the fund will be to interest rate changes. (As a general rule, a 1% rise in interest rates means a 1% fall in value for every year of duration.) Interest rates can change in response to the supply and demand for credit, government and/or central bank monetary policy and action, inflation rates and other factors. Recent and potential future changes in monetary policy made by central banks or governments are likely to affect the level of interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and potential illiquidity and may detract from fund performance to the extent the fund is exposed to such interest rates and/or volatility. Rising interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments — and therefore its share price as well — to decline. Although interest rates in the US remain at low levels, they have been rising and are expected to continue to increase in the near future. A rising interest rate environment may cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities and related markets on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of such securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Increased redemptions from the fund may force the fund to sell investments at a time when it is not advantageous to do so, which could result in losses. Recently, there have been signs of inflationary price movements. As such, fixed-income and related markets may experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. A sharp rise in interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments to decline.
London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the benchmark rate for certain floating rate securities, has been phased out as of the end of 2021 for most maturities and currencies, although certain widely used US Dollar LIBOR rates are expected to continue to be published through June 2023 to assist with the transition. The transition process from LIBOR towards its expected replacement reference rate with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) for US Dollar LIBOR rates has become increasingly well defined, especially following the signing of the federal Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act in March 2022 which will replace LIBOR-based benchmark rates in instruments with no, or insufficient, alternative rate-setting provisions with a SOFR-based rate following the cessation of LIBOR. However, the fund or the instruments in which the fund
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invests may be adversely affected by the transition from LIBOR to SOFR by, among other things, increased volatility or illiquidity.
Credit risk. The fund’s performance could be hurt if an issuer of a debt security suffers an adverse change in financial condition that results in a payment default, security downgrade or inability to meet a financial obligation. Credit risk is greater for lower-rated securities. Because the issuers of junk bonds may be in uncertain financial health, the prices of their debt securities could be more vulnerable to bad economic news, or even the expectation of bad news, than investment-grade debt securities. Credit ratings may not be an accurate assessment of credit risk.
Prepayment and extension risk. When interest rates fall, issuers of high interest debt obligations may pay off the debts earlier than expected (prepayment risk), and the fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower yields. When interest rates rise, issuers of lower interest debt obligations may pay off the debts later than expected (extension risk), thus keeping the fund’s assets tied up in lower interest debt obligations. Ultimately, any unexpected behavior in interest rates could increase the volatility of the fund’s share price and yield and could hurt fund performance. Prepayments could also create capital gains tax liability in some instances.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open
on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Restricted securities/Rule 144A securities risk. The fund may invest in securities offered pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), which are restricted securities. They may be less liquid and more difficult to value than other investments because such securities may not be readily marketable in broad public markets. The fund may not be able to sell a restricted security promptly or at a reasonable price. Although there is a substantial institutional market for Rule 144A securities, it is not possible to predict exactly how the market for Rule 144A securities will develop. A restricted security that was liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid and its value may decline as a result. Restricted securities that are deemed illiquid will count towards the fund’s 15% limitation on illiquid securities. In addition, transaction costs may be higher for restricted securities than for more liquid securities. The fund may have to bear the expense of registering Rule 144A securities for resale and the risk of substantial delays in effecting the registration.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Issuer-specific risk. The value of an individual security or particular type of security may be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.
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Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks
associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the
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creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises)
that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
Prior to May 12, 2020, the fund operated with a different investment strategy. Performance would have been different if the fund’s current investment strategy had been in effect. Fund returns prior to May 12, 2020 reflect those of the fund when it was tracking the prior underlying index.
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CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
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After tax on distribu-
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shares |
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J.P. Morgan ESG DM
Corporate High Yield
USD Index (reflects no
deductions for fees,
expenses or taxes) |
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J.P. Morgan DM Corpo-
rate High Yield Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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Effective May 12, 2020, the fund changed its underlying index to the JP Morgan ESG DM Corporate High Yield USD Index from the Solactive USD High Yield Corporate Bond – Interest Rate Hedged Index. Returns shown above for the JP Morgan ESG DM Corporate High Yield USD Index prior to May 12, 2020 reflect the performance of the Solactive USD High Yield Corporate Bond – Interest Rate Hedged Index.
Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Brandon Matsui, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Benjamin Spalding, CESGA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Deepak Yadav, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
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Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
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Stock Exchange: Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
Investment Objective
Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Bloomberg MSCI US Corporate Sustainability SRI Sector/Credit/Maturity Neutral Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 30% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which applies environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) considerations to a broader parent index. The Underlying Index generally aims to keep the broad characteristics of its parent index, the Bloomberg US Corporate Index (an investment grade corporate bond universe), resulting in a broad investment grade fixed income market exposure with ESG aspects. The Underlying Index uses the Bloomberg US Corporate Index as its parent index, and then via the index methodology the following screens are implemented:
ESG criteria
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Issuers with ESG scores lower than BBB are excluded from the Underlying Index, per MSCI’s ESG scoring methodology which Bloomberg uses for the Underlying Index;
Controversies
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These are controversies regarding the negative ESG impact of a company’s operations, product and services, as assessed by MSCI’s ESG Controversies monitoring system;
Specified business activities
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These include adult entertainment, alcohol, gambling, tobacco, nuclear and controversial weapons, civilian firearms, nuclear power and genetically modified organisms.
Once all relevant companies are screened out, the remaining companies are included in the Underlying Index and are reweighted in a manner designed for the Underlying Index to approximate the properties of the parent index across three factors: sector, maturity and rating.
Currently, the bonds eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index include US dollar-denominated corporate bonds that: (i) are rated investment-grade using the middle rating of Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. (“Moody's”), S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”), and Fitch Investors Services, Inc. (“Fitch”); (ii) have at least $300 million minimum par amount outstanding; and (iii) have at least one year to maturity. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced on a monthly basis. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was comprised of 4,791 bonds issued by 638 different issuers, with an average market capitalization of approximately $72.9 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $1.63 billion, from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Bermuda, Canada, Cayman Islands, Chile, China, Colombia, France, Germany, Guernsey, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from the United States (84.7%). The fund uses a representative sampling indexing strategy in seeking to track the Underlying Index, meaning it generally will invest in a sample of securities in the index whose risk, return and other characteristics resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Underlying Index as a whole.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in corporate bonds rated investment grade by credit rating agencies (e.g., S&P rating of BBB- or above). In addition, the fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets, but typically far more, in instruments that comprise the Underlying Index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage
of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials sector (30.7%). The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
“Bloomberg®” and Bloomberg MSCI US Corporate Sustainability SRI Sector/Credit/Maturity Neutral Index are service marks of Bloomberg Finance L.P. and its affiliates, including Bloomberg Index Services Limited (“BISL”), the administrator of the index (collectively, “Bloomberg”) and have been licensed for use for certain purposes by DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”). Bloomberg is not affiliated with the Advisor, and Bloomberg does not approve, endorse, review, or recommend Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF (the “Fund”). Bloomberg does not guarantee the timeliness, accurateness, or completeness of any data or information relating to Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
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Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Inflation risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the real value of certain assets or real income from investments (the value of such assets or income after accounting for inflation) will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. Inflation, and investors’ expectation of future inflation, can impact the current value of the fund's portfolio, resulting in lower asset values and losses to shareholders. This risk may be elevated compared to historical market conditions because of recent monetary policy measures and the current interest rate environment.
ESG investment strategy risk. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology, and thus the fund’s investment strategy, limits the types and number of investment opportunities available to the fund and, as a result, the fund may underperform other funds that do not have an ESG focus. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology may result in the fund investing in securities or industry sectors that underperform the market as a whole or underperform other
funds screened for ESG standards. The ESG scores used in the Underlying Index’s ESG methodology are based on publicly available information and/or provided by the companies themselves and such information may be unavailable or unreliable. Additionally, investors may differ in their interpretations of what constitutes positive or negative ESG characteristics of a company. For those reasons, the index provider may be unsuccessful in creating an index composed of companies that exhibit positive ESG characteristics. To the extent that circumstances change between the Underlying Index’s scheduled rebalancing dates, the Underlying Index may include, and the fund may hold for a period of time, securities of companies that do not align with the ESG criteria. The companies identified by the Index Provider as meeting the ESG criteria for the Underlying Index may not be the same companies selected by other index providers for other indices that use similar ESG criteria. Regulatory changes or interpretations regarding the definitions and/or use of ESG criteria could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective, as well as the ability of certain classes of investors to invest in funds following an ESG strategy such as the fund.
Fixed income securities risk. Fixed-income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer, willingness of broker-dealers and other market participants to make markets in the applicable securities, and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk). Lower rated fixed-income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. There is a risk that a lack of liquidity or other adverse credit market conditions may hamper the fund’s ability to sell the debt securities in which it invests or to find and purchase debt instruments included in the Underlying Index.
Interest rate risk. When interest rates rise, prices of debt securities generally decline. The longer the duration of the fund’s debt securities, the more sensitive the fund will be to interest rate changes. (As a general rule, a 1% rise in interest rates means a 1% fall in value for every year of duration.) Interest rates can change in response to the supply and demand for credit, government and/or central bank monetary policy and action, inflation rates and other factors. Recent and potential future changes in monetary policy made by central banks or governments are likely to affect the level of interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and potential illiquidity and may detract from fund performance to the extent the fund is exposed to such interest rates and/or volatility. Rising interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments — and therefore its share price as well — to
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decline. Although interest rates in the US remain at low levels, they have been rising and are expected to continue to increase in the near future. A rising interest rate environment may cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities and related markets on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of such securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Increased redemptions from the fund may force the fund to sell investments at a time when it is not advantageous to do so, which could result in losses. Recently, there have been signs of inflationary price movements. As such, fixed-income and related markets may experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. A sharp rise in interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments to decline.
London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the benchmark rate for certain floating rate securities, has been phased out as of the end of 2021 for most maturities and currencies, although certain widely used US Dollar LIBOR rates are expected to continue to be published through June 2023 to assist with the transition. The transition process from LIBOR towards its expected replacement reference rate with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) for US Dollar LIBOR rates has become increasingly well defined, especially following the signing of the federal Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act in March 2022 which will replace LIBOR-based benchmark rates in instruments with no, or insufficient, alternative rate-setting provisions with a SOFR-based rate following the cessation of LIBOR. However, the fund or the instruments in which the fund invests may be adversely affected by the transition from LIBOR to SOFR by, among other things, increased volatility or illiquidity.
Credit risk. The fund’s performance could be hurt if an issuer of a debt security suffers an adverse change in financial condition that results in a payment default, security downgrade or inability to meet a financial obligation. Credit risk is greater for lower-rated securities. Because the issuers of lower rated investment grade bonds may be in uncertain financial health, the prices of their debt securities could be more vulnerable to bad economic news, or even the expectation of bad news, than higher rated investment-grade debt securities. Credit ratings may not be an accurate assessment of credit risk.
Prepayment and extension risk. When interest rates fall, issuers of high interest debt obligations may pay off the debts earlier than expected (prepayment risk), and the fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower yields. When interest rates rise, issuers of lower interest debt obligations may pay off the debts later than expected (extension risk), thus keeping the fund’s assets tied up in lower interest debt obligations. Ultimately, any unexpected behavior in interest rates could increase the volatility of the fund’s share price and yield and could hurt fund performance. Prepayments could also create capital gains tax liability in some instances.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that
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trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Issuer-specific risk. The value of an individual security or particular type of security may be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying
Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market
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volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or
other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
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Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
Prior to May 12, 2020, the fund operated with a different investment strategy. Performance would have been different if the fund’s current investment strategy had been in effect. Fund returns prior to May 12, 2020 reflect those of the fund when it was tracking the prior underlying index.
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
shares |
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Bloomberg MSCI US
Corporate Sustainability
SRI Sector/Credit/
Maturity Neutral Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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Bloomberg
U.S.Aggregate Bond
Index (reflects no deduc-
tions for fees, expenses
or taxes) |
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Effective May 12, 2020, the fund changed its underlying index to the Bloomberg MSCI US Corporate Sustainability SRI Sector/Credit/Maturity Neutral Index from the Solactive USD Investment Grade Bond – Interest Rate Hedged Index. Returns shown above for the Bloomberg MSCI US Corporate Sustainability SRI Sector/Credit/Maturity Neutral Index prior to May 12, 2020 reflect the performance of the Solactive USD Investment Grade Bond – Interest Rate Hedged Index.
Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Brandon Matsui, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Benjamin Spalding, CESGA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Deepak Yadav, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
Investment Objective
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the J.P. Morgan ESG DM Corporate High Yield USD Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which applies environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) considerations to a broader parent index. The Underlying Index generally aims to keep the broad characteristics of its parent index, the J.P. Morgan DM High Yield USD Index (a USD denominated high yield corporate bond index of developed market issuers), resulting in a broad high yield fixed income market exposure with ESG aspects.
The Underlying Index uses the J.P. Morgan DM High Yield USD Index as its parent index before implementing ESG considerations. Each issuer within the parent index is given an ESG score and assigned to a quintile based on that score. All issuers within the lowest quintile are removed from consideration for the Underlying Index, and the remainder are either weighted up or down based on which quintile they were scored in, with the best performers being weighted more heavily, and the remaining lower scoring issuers being weighted more lightly.
The Index Provider obtains ESG factor valuations for each issuer in the parent index from RepRisk and Sustainalytics, which are investment research providers dedicated to responsible investing and ESG research. These ESG factor valuations are obtained from each provider and translated by the Index Provider to a range of 0 – 100, with 100 being the best possible score. The Index Provider’s finalized ESG
score for each issuer incorporates a 3-month rolling average of the scores from each individual provider. The Index Provider calculates ESG scores daily.
In addition, if an instrument is categorized as “green” by the Climate Bond Initiative (“CBI”) under the criteria used by the CBI to certify bonds as being closely linked with green and climate friendly assets or projects, the security will be upgraded one quintile from the quintile to which it originally was assigned. Issuers involved in thermal coal, tobacco, weapons, oil sands or UN Global Compact principle violation are excluded from the index regardless of their ESG score.
The Underlying Index consists of fixed rate bonds, floating rate bonds, hybrid bonds, step-up bonds (securities that pay an initial interest rate but also have a feature where the rate increases at periodic intervals), payment-in-kind (“PIK”) bonds, toggle bonds (PIK bonds where the issuer has an option to defer an interest payment by paying an increased coupon in the future), amortizer bonds (bonds where the principal on the debt is paid down regularly), perpetual bonds (a bond with no maturity date), Sukuk bonds (Islamic financial certificates) and all subordinated financial bonds excluding AT1 bonds (a category of bonds issued by banks designed to absorb losses if the bank’s equity capital dips below a certain threshold), structured bonds, credit enhanced bonds, and securities issued by sovereign and quasi-sovereign entities (bonds issued by entities wholly-owned or guaranteed by the government). Additional exclusions include bonds with less than two years to maturity to enter the Underlying Index, less than six full months to maturity if already part of the Underlying Index and have less than $250 million of minimum issue size. The Underlying Index only includes eligible bonds issued by countries in developed markets which currently are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Puerto Rico, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Inclusion in the Underlying Index is limited to USD denominated high yield securities of developed market issuers. Credit rating will be determined based on the following rules: (i) the middle rating of the S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”), Moody’s Investors Services, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or Fitch Investors Services, Inc. (“Fitch”); (ii) the lower rating
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when two ratings are available; and (iii) the sole rating when only one rating is provided. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced on a monthly basis. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was comprised of 1,914 bonds issued by 879 different issuers, with an average market capitalization of approximately $434 million (calculated based on number of bonds in Underlying Index) and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $38 million (calculated based on number of bonds in Underlying Index). As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from the United States (87.56%). The fund uses a representative sampling indexing strategy in seeking to track the Underlying Index, meaning it generally will invest in a sample of securities in the index whose risk, return and other characteristics resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Underlying Index as a whole.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in corporate bonds rated high yield by credit rating agencies (e.g., S&P rating below BBB-). In addition, the fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets, but typically far more, in instruments that comprise the Underlying Index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the communication services (16.562%) and consumer discretionary (15.68%) sectors. The communication services sector includes companies that facilitate communication and offer related content and information through various mediums. It includes telecom and media and entertainment companies including producers of interactive gaming products and companies engaged in content and information creation or distribution through proprietary platforms. The consumer discretionary goods sector includes durable goods, apparel, entertainment and leisure, and automobiles. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and structured notes (notes on which the amount of
principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
The fund is not sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., and J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. bears no liability with respect to any index on which such funds are based. The accuracy, completeness or relevance of the information which has been obtained from external sources cannot be guaranteed, although it has been obtained from sources reasonably believed to be reliable. Subject to any applicable law, J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. shall not assume any liability in this respect. The index described herein is a proprietary J.P. Morgan index.
The prospectus contains a detailed description of the limited relationship that J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. has with DBX Advisors LLC and the fund.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
J.P. Morgan ESG DM Corporate High Yield USD Index
Number of Components: approximately 1,914
Index Description. The J.P. Morgan ESG DM Corporate High Yield USD Index applies environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) considerations to its broader parent index, the J.P. Morgan DM High Yield USD Index.
The Underlying Index is calculated and maintained by J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. (“Index Provider” or “J.P. Morgan”). The Underlying Index is part of the J.P. Morgan ESG suite of indexes (the “JESG Indexes”) and integrates ESG scores with screens for both positive/best-in-class and negative factors, including the exclusion of controversial sectors and UN Global Compact (“UNGC”) violators. Under the JESG Index methodology, including for the Underlying Index, the Index Provider obtains ESG factor valuations for each issuer in the parent index from RepRisk and Sustainalytics, which are investment research providers dedicated to responsible investing and ESG research. These ESG factor valuations are obtained from each provider and translated by the Index Provider to a range of 0 – 100, with 100 being the best possible score. The Index Provider’s finalized ESG score (“JESG Score”) for each issuer incorporates a 3-month rolling average of the scores from each individual provider. The Index Provider calculates JESG Scores daily.
All available issuer ESG factor valuations from RepRisk and Sustainalytics are used in the Underlying Index calculations. If, however, a corporate issuer in the parent index is
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not covered by either of those ESG factor valuation input providers, then the industry sector average of each provider is used to calculate an industry sector average ESG factor valuation to be used as a proxy. If a corporate issuer in the parent index is only covered by one of those input ESG factor valuation providers, the Index Provider uses the factor valuation from the covering data provider is averaged with the industry sector average value from the remaining provider to calculate the JESG Score.
Each issuer in the Underlying Index is bucketed into one of five quintiles (or “bands”) corresponding to its JESG Score.
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Band 1 = JESG Score equal to or greater than 80
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Band 2 = JESG Score equal to or greater than 60, less than 80
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Band 3 = JESG Score equal to or greater than 40, less than 60
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Band 4 = JESG Score equal to or greater than 20, less than 40
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Band 5 = JESG Score less than 20
Issuers with better overall ESG scores are assigned larger weights compared to the parent index. Issuers with JESG scores less than 20 are excluded and are not eligible for 12 months once excluded. Additionally, issuers with derived revenue from thermal coal, tobacco and weapons sectors are excluded. Issuers violating UNGC principles are also excluded.
If an instrument is categorized as “green” by the Climate Bond Initiative (“CBI”) under the criteria used by the CBI to certify bonds as being closely linked with green and climate friendly assets or projects, the security will be upgraded one quintile from the band to which it originally was assigned. Green bonds from excluded issuers are also not eligible for inclusion.
Additional Information about the Underlying Index
J.P. Morgan Chase & Co (“J.P. Morgan” or the “Index Provider”). J.P. Morgan serves as the Index Administrator and Calculation Agent for the Underlying Index.
All instruments which meet the above requirements are included in the Underlying Index. The composition of the Underlying Index is ordinarily rebalanced on the last business day of each month, though certain additions to or removals from the Underlying Index, as well as certain band movements on the part of Underlying Index components, are effected on a quarterly basis as set forth herein. On rebalance day, new bonds that settle on or before rebalance day and meet all index eligible criteria will enter the index at the close of business.
In addition, bonds that fail to comply with the index criteria will be removed at the rebalancing, and full or partial calls, taps or buybacks will also be reflected at that time.
If an issuer is eligible for inclusion into or exclusion from the Underlying Index, the action will take place on the quarterly rebalance date for the band changes, following a one-month lag for the scores. Once an issuer is removed
because its score no longer meets the index score requirement, the issuer is no longer eligible for inclusion for 12 months. New instruments which meet the eligibility requirements are generally added to the Underlying Index at that month’s rebalancing date if the settlement date of such instruments falls on or before the month-end rebalance date.
If an issuer is eligible for a different band than the one it is currently in, it will be moved to the new quintile on the quarterly rebalance date, following a one-month lag for the scores. As per index rules, the promotion or demotion into or out of each quintile will also impact green bonds issued by the respective issuer.
Issuers with an index rating transitioning from investment grade to high yield that meet all other index eligibility rules are added to the index on the last business day of the month-end following the credit rating bucket change from investment grade to high yield. Issuers with an index rating transitioning from high yield to investment grade will exit the index at the coming month-end rebalance following the credit rating bucket change up to and including T-1 business day of the month.
During extraordinary market conditions, the Index Provider may delay any scheduled rebalancing of the Underlying Index. During any such delay it is possible that the Underlying Index will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial
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markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Inflation risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the real value of certain assets or real income from investments (the value of such assets or income after accounting for inflation) will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. Inflation, and investors’ expectation of future inflation, can impact the current value of the fund's portfolio, resulting in lower asset values and losses to shareholders. This risk may be elevated compared to historical market conditions because of recent monetary policy measures and the current interest rate environment.
ESG investment strategy risk. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology, and thus the fund’s investment strategy, limits the types and number of investment opportunities available to the fund and, as a result, the fund may underperform other funds that do not have an ESG focus. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology may result in the fund investing in securities or industry sectors that underperform the market as a whole or underperform other funds screened for ESG standards. The ESG scores used in the Underlying Index’s ESG methodology are based on publicly available information and/or provided by the companies themselves and such information may be unavailable or unreliable. Additionally, investors may differ
in their interpretations of what constitutes positive or negative ESG characteristics of a company. For those reasons, the index provider may be unsuccessful in creating an index composed of companies that exhibit positive ESG characteristics. To the extent that circumstances change between the Underlying Index’s scheduled rebalancing dates, the Underlying Index may include, and the fund may hold for a period of time, securities of companies that do not align with the ESG criteria. The companies identified by the Index Provider as meeting the ESG criteria for the Underlying Index may not be the same companies selected by other index providers for other indices that use similar ESG criteria. Regulatory changes or interpretations regarding the definitions and/or use of ESG criteria could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective, as well as the ability of certain classes of investors to invest in funds following an ESG strategy such as the fund.
Fixed income securities risk. Fixed-income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer, willingness of broker-dealers and other market participants to make markets in the applicable securities, and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk). Lower rated fixed-income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Communication services sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the communication services sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the communication services sector. Companies in the communications services sector can be adversely affected by, among other things, changes in government regulation, intense competition, dependency on patent protection, equipment incompatibility, changing consumer preferences, technological obsolescence, and large capital expenditures and debt burdens.
Consumer discretionary sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer discretionary sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer discretionary sector. Companies engaged in the consumer discretionary sector are subject to fluctuations in supply and demand. These
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companies may also be adversely affected by changes in consumer spending as a result of world events, political and economic conditions, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources and labor relations.
High yield securities risk. Exposure to high yield (lower rated) debt instruments (also known as “junk bonds”) may involve greater levels of credit, prepayment, liquidity and valuation risk than for higher rated instruments. High yield debt instruments may be more sensitive to economic changes, political changes, or adverse developments specific to a company than other fixed income instruments. High yield debt instruments are considered speculative with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to make principal and interest payments and, therefore, such instruments generally involve greater risk of default or price changes than higher rated debt instruments. High-yield debt securities’ total return and yield may generally be expected to fluctuate more than the total return and yield of investment-grade debt securities. A real or perceived economic downturn or an increase in market interest rates could cause a decline in the value of high-yield debt securities, result in increased redemptions and/or result in increased portfolio turnover, which could result in a decline in the NAV of the fund, reduce liquidity for certain investments and/or increase costs. High-yield debt securities are often thinly traded and can be more difficult to sell and value accurately than investment-grade debt securities as there may be no established secondary market. Even if an established secondary market exists, less active markets may diminish the fund’s ability to obtain accurate market quotations when valuing the portfolio securities and thereby give rise to valuation risk.
Investments in high-yield debt securities could increase liquidity risk for the fund. In addition, the market for high-yield debt securities can experience sudden and sharp volatility, which is generally associated more with investments in stocks. High yield debt instruments may be more sensitive to economic changes, political changes, or adverse developments specific to a company than other fixed income instruments. High yield debt instruments may also present risks based on payment expectations. For example, these instruments may contain redemption or call provisions. If an issuer exercises these provisions in a declining interest rate market, the fund would have to replace the security with a lower yielding security, resulting in a decreased return for investors. If the issuer of a security is in default with respect to interest or principal payments, the issuer’s security could lose its entire value. Furthermore, the transaction costs associated with the purchase and sale of high yield debt instruments may vary greatly depending upon a number of factors and may adversely affect the fund’s performance.
Interest rate risk. When interest rates rise, prices of debt securities generally decline. The longer the duration of the fund’s debt securities, the more sensitive the fund will be to interest rate changes. (As a general rule, a 1% rise in interest rates means a 1% fall in value for every year of duration.) Interest rates can change in response to the supply and demand for credit, government and/or central bank monetary policy and action, inflation rates and other factors. Recent and potential future changes in monetary policy made by central banks or governments are likely to affect the level of interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and potential illiquidity and may detract from fund performance to the extent the fund is exposed to such interest rates and/or volatility. Rising interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments — and therefore its share price as well — to decline. Although interest rates in the US remain at low levels, they have been rising and are expected to continue to increase in the near future. A rising interest rate environment may cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities and related markets on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of such securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Increased redemptions from the fund may force the fund to sell investments at a time when it is not advantageous to do so, which could result in losses. Recently, there have been signs of inflationary price movements. As such, fixed-income and related markets may experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. A sharp rise in interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments to decline.
London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the benchmark rate for certain floating rate securities, has been phased out as of the end of 2021 for most maturities and currencies, although certain widely used US Dollar LIBOR rates are expected to continue to be published through June 2023 to assist with the transition. The transition process from LIBOR towards its expected replacement reference rate with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) for US Dollar LIBOR rates has become increasingly well defined, especially following the signing of the federal Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act in March 2022 which will replace LIBOR-based benchmark rates in instruments with no, or insufficient, alternative rate-setting provisions with a SOFR-based rate following the cessation of LIBOR. However, the fund or the instruments in which the fund invests may be adversely affected by the transition from LIBOR to SOFR by, among other things, increased volatility or illiquidity.
Credit risk. The fund’s performance could be hurt if an issuer of a debt security suffers an adverse change in financial condition that results in a payment default, security downgrade or inability to meet a financial obligation. Credit risk is greater for lower-rated securities. Credit ratings may not be an accurate assessment of credit risk.
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Prepayment and extension risk. When interest rates fall, issuers of high interest debt obligations may pay off the debts earlier than expected (prepayment risk), and the fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower yields. When interest rates rise, issuers of lower interest debt obligations may pay off the debts later than expected (extension risk), thus keeping the fund’s assets tied up in lower interest debt obligations. Ultimately, any unexpected behavior in interest rates could increase the volatility of the fund’s share price and yield and could hurt fund performance. Prepayments could also create capital gains tax liability in some instances.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Restricted securities/Rule 144A securities risk. The fund may invest its assets in securities offered pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), which are restricted securities. They may be less liquid and more difficult to value than other investments because such securities may not be readily marketable in broad public markets. The fund may not be able to sell a restricted security promptly or at a reasonable price. Although there is a substantial institutional market
for Rule 144A securities, it is not possible to predict exactly how the market for Rule 144A securities will develop. A restricted security that was liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid and its value may decline as a result. Restricted securities that are deemed illiquid will count towards the fund’s 15% limitation on illiquid securities. In addition, transaction costs may be higher for restricted securities than for more liquid securities. The fund may have to bear the expense of registering Rule 144A securities for resale and the risk of substantial delays in effecting the registration.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market and the reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities. Liquidity risk also may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where investor redemptions from fixed income mutual funds or ETFs may be higher than normal, causing increased supply in the market due to selling activity. It may also be the case that other market participants may be attempting to liquidate fixed-income holdings at the same time as the fund, causing increased supply in the market and contributing to liquidity risk and downward pricing pressure.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may prevent the fund from being able to realize full value and thus sell a security for its full valuation. This could cause a material decline in the fund’s net asset value.
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Issuer-specific risk. The value of an individual security or particular type of security may be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a
number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
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For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can
purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent
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limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
Investment Objective
Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Bloomberg MSCI US Corporate Sustainability SRI Sector/Credit/Maturity Neutral Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which applies environmental, social and
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governance (“ESG”) considerations to a broader parent index. The Underlying Index generally aims to keep the broad characteristics of its parent index, the Bloomberg US Corporate Index (an investment grade corporate bond universe), resulting in a broad investment grade fixed income market exposure with ESG aspects. The Underlying Index uses the Bloomberg US Corporate Index as its parent index, and then via the index methodology the following screens are implemented:
ESG criteria
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Issuers with ESG scores lower than BBB are excluded from the Underlying Index, per MSCI’s ESG scoring methodology which Bloomberg uses for the Underlying Index;
Controversies
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These are controversies regarding the negative ESG impact of a company’s operations, product and services, as assessed by MSCI’s ESG Controversies monitoring system;
Specified business activities
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These include adult entertainment, alcohol, gambling, tobacco, nuclear and controversial weapons, civilian firearms, nuclear power and genetically modified organisms.
Once all relevant companies are screened out, the remaining companies are included in the Underlying Index and are reweighted in a manner designed for the Underlying Index to approximate the properties of the parent index across three factors: sector, maturity and rating.
Currently, the bonds eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index include US dollar-denominated corporate bonds that: (i) are rated investment-grade using the middle rating of Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. (“Moody's”), S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”), and Fitch Investors Services, Inc. (“Fitch”); (ii) have at least $300 million minimum par amount outstanding; and (iii) have at least one year to maturity. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced on a monthly basis. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was comprised of 4,791 bonds issued by 638 different issuers, with an average market capitalization of approximately $72.9 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $1.63 billion, from issuers in the following countries: Australia, Bermuda, Canada, Cayman Islands, Chile, China, Colombia, France, Germany, Guernsey, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers from the United States (84.7%). The fund uses a representative
sampling indexing strategy in seeking to track the Underlying Index, meaning it generally will invest in a sample of securities in the index whose risk, return and other characteristics resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Underlying Index as a whole.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in corporate bonds rated investment grade by credit rating agencies (e.g., S&P rating of BBB- or above). In addition, the fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets, but typically far more, in instruments that comprise the Underlying Index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials sector (30.7%). The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
“Bloomberg®” and Bloomberg MSCI US Corporate Sustainability SRI Sector/Credit/Maturity Neutral Index are service marks of Bloomberg Finance L.P. and its affiliates, including Bloomberg Index Services Limited (“BISL”), the administrator of the index (collectively, “Bloomberg”) and have been licensed for use for certain purposes by DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”). Bloomberg is not affiliated with the Advisor, and Bloomberg does not approve, endorse, review, or recommend Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF (the “Fund”). Bloomberg does not guarantee the timeliness, accurateness, or completeness of any data or information relating to Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the
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value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
Bloomberg MSCI US Corporate Sustainability SRI Sector/Credit/Maturity Neutral Index
Number of Components: approximately 4,791
Index Description. The Bloomberg MSCI US Corporate Sustainability SRI Sector/Credit/Maturity Neutral Index is a US dollar-denominated benchmark index that measures the investment grade, fixed-rate, taxable corporate bond market while maintaining similar sector, credit and maturity profiles to the Bloomberg US Corporate Index.
The Underlying Index is calculated and maintained by Bloomberg Index Services Limited (“Bloomberg”) in partnership with MSCI ESG Research. The Underlying Index includes only issuers with at least a BBB ESG rating, as defined by MSCI ESG Ratings, and excludes issuers with substantial revenue derived from sectors with lower ESG scores, such as adult entertainment, alcohol, gambling, tobacco, controversial military weapons, civilian firearms, nuclear power, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
The Underlying Index includes only USD-denominated securities publicly issued by US and non-US industrial, utility and financial issuers. Bloomberg conducts its negative business involvement screening for the Underlying Index according to the following criteria:
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Adult Entertainment. All issuers classified as adult entertainment producers that earn more than 5% in revenue, or more than $500 million in revenue, from adult entertainment materials are excluded from the Underlying Index.
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Alcohol. All issuers that are classified as alcohol producers that earn more than 5% in revenue, or more than $500 million in revenue, from alcohol-related products are excluded from the Underlying Index.
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Gambling. All issuers that are classified as involved in gambling operations or support that earn more than 5% in revenue, or more than $500 million in revenue, from gambling-related activities are excluded from the Underlying Index.
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Tobacco. All issuers that are classified as tobacco producers or distributors, retailers, or suppliers that derive 15% or more of their revenue from tobacco-related products are excluded from the Underlying Index.
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Military Weapons. All issuers that either i) are classified as involved in manufacturing of nuclear weapons, nuclear weapons components, chemical and biological weapons components, or depleted uranium weapons or ii) earn more than 5% in revenue, or more than $500 million, from manufacturing conventional weapons, conventional weapons components, or conventional weapons support systems and services are excluded from the Underlying Index.
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Civilian Firearms. All issuers that are classified as civilian firearms producers or retailers that derive 5% or more of their revenue, or more than $20 million in revenue, from civilian firearms-related products are excluded from the Underlying Index.
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Nuclear Power. All issuers that either i) are classified as nuclear utilities or involved in uranium mining, designing nuclear reactors, or enrichment of fuel for nuclear reactors or ii) earn 15% or more revenues as a supplier to the nuclear power industry are excluded from the Underlying Index.
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Genetically Modified Organisms. All companies that derive any revenue from activities like genetically modifying plants, such as seeds and crops, and other organisms intended for agricultural use or human consumption (but not companies only involved in GMO Research & Development activities) are excluded from the Underlying Index.
The Underlying Index also excludes all issuers involved in one or more severe ESG Controversies. MSCI’s ESG Controversies monitoring system provides assessments of controversies concerning the negative ESG impact of company operations, products and services, using an evaluation framework designed to be consistent with international norms represented by the UN Declaration of Human Rights, the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, and the UN Global Compact.
Additional Information about the Underlying Index
Bloomberg serves as the Index Administrator and Calculation Agent for the Underlying Index.
The composition of the Underlying Index is rebalanced on the last business day of each month. For each Bloomberg index, Bloomberg maintains two “universes” of securities: the Returns (Backward) and the Projected (Forward) Universes. The composition of the Returns Universe is rebalanced at each month-end and represents the fixed set of bonds on which index returns are calculated for the next month. The Projected Universe is a forward-looking projection that changes daily to reflect issues dropping out of and entering the index but is not used for return calculations. On the rebalancing date, the composition of the latest Projected Universe becomes the Returns Universe for the following month.
Over the course of a month, indicative changes to securities (such as credit rating change, sector reclassification, amount outstanding changes, corporate actions, and ticker changes) are reflected daily in both the Projected and
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Returns Universe of the index. Such changes may cause bonds to enter or fall out of the Projected Universe of the index on a daily basis, but any such changes would only affect the composition of the Returns Universe at month-end, when the index is next rebalanced.
At each rebalancing, cash is effectively reinvested into the Returns Universe for the following month so that index results over two or more months reflect monthly compounding. Intra-month cash flows from interest and principal payments contribute to monthly index returns but are not reinvested at a short-term reinvestment rate between rebalance dates.
With respect to new issues, qualifying securities issued, but not necessarily settled on or before the month-end rebalancing date, qualify for inclusion in the following month’s index if the required security reference information and pricing are readily available.
During extraordinary market conditions, the Index Provider may delay any scheduled rebalancing of the Underlying Index. During any such delay it is possible that the Underlying Index will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government
activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Inflation risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the real value of certain assets or real income from investments (the value of such assets or income after accounting for inflation) will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. Inflation, and investors’ expectation of future inflation, can impact the current value of the fund's portfolio, resulting in lower asset values and losses to shareholders. This risk may be elevated compared to historical market conditions because of recent monetary policy measures and the current interest rate environment.
ESG investment strategy risk. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology, and thus the fund’s investment strategy, limits the types and number of investment opportunities available to the fund and, as a result, the fund may underperform other funds that do not have an ESG focus. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology may result in the fund investing in securities or industry sectors that underperform the market as a whole or underperform other funds screened for ESG standards. The ESG scores used in the Underlying Index’s ESG methodology are based on publicly available information and/or provided by the companies themselves and such information may be unavailable or unreliable. Additionally, investors may differ in their interpretations of what constitutes positive or negative ESG characteristics of a company. For those reasons, the index provider may be unsuccessful in creating an index composed of companies that exhibit positive ESG characteristics. To the extent that circumstances change between the Underlying Index’s scheduled rebalancing dates, the Underlying Index may include, and the fund may hold for a period of time, securities of companies that do
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not align with the ESG criteria. The companies identified by the Index Provider as meeting the ESG criteria for the Underlying Index may not be the same companies selected by other index providers for other indices that use similar ESG criteria. Regulatory changes or interpretations regarding the definitions and/or use of ESG criteria could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective, as well as the ability of certain classes of investors to invest in funds following an ESG strategy such as the fund.
Fixed income securities risk. Fixed-income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer, willingness of broker-dealers and other market participants to make markets in the applicable securities, and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk). Lower rated fixed-income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled.
Interest rate risk. When interest rates rise, prices of debt securities generally decline. The longer the duration of the fund’s debt securities, the more sensitive the fund will be to interest rate changes. (As a general rule, a 1% rise in interest rates means a 1% fall in value for every year of duration.) Interest rates can change in response to the supply and demand for credit, government and/or central bank monetary policy and action, inflation rates and other factors. Recent and potential future changes in monetary policy made by central banks or governments are likely to affect the level of interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and potential illiquidity and may detract from fund performance to the extent the fund is exposed to such interest rates and/or volatility. Rising interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments — and therefore its share price as well — to decline. Although interest rates in the US remain at low levels, they have been rising and are expected to continue to increase in the near future. A rising interest rate environment may cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities and related markets on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of such securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Increased redemptions from the fund may force the fund to sell investments at a time when it is not advantageous to do so, which could result in losses. Recently, there have been signs of inflationary price movements. As such, fixed-income and related markets may experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. A sharp rise in interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments to decline.
London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the benchmark rate for certain floating rate securities, has been phased out as of the end of 2021 for most maturities and currencies, although certain widely used US Dollar LIBOR rates are expected to continue to be published through June 2023 to assist with the transition. The transition process from LIBOR towards its expected replacement reference rate with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) for US Dollar LIBOR rates has become increasingly well defined, especially following the signing of the federal Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act in March 2022 which will replace LIBOR-based benchmark rates in instruments with no, or insufficient, alternative rate-setting provisions with a SOFR-based rate following the cessation of LIBOR. However, the fund or the instruments in which the fund invests may be adversely affected by the transition from LIBOR to SOFR by, among other things, increased volatility or illiquidity.
Credit risk. The fund’s performance could be hurt if an issuer of a debt security suffers an adverse change in financial condition that results in a payment default, security downgrade or inability to meet a financial obligation. Credit risk is greater for lower-rated securities. Credit ratings may not be an accurate assessment of credit risk.
Prepayment and extension risk. When interest rates fall, issuers of high interest debt obligations may pay off the debts earlier than expected (prepayment risk), and the fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower yields. When interest rates rise, issuers of lower interest debt obligations may pay off the debts later than expected (extension risk), thus keeping the fund’s assets tied up in lower interest debt obligations. Ultimately, any unexpected behavior in interest rates could increase the volatility of the fund’s share price and yield and could hurt fund performance. Prepayments could also create capital gains tax liability in some instances.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s
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investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market and the reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities. Liquidity risk also may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where investor redemptions from fixed income mutual funds or ETFs may
be higher than normal, causing increased supply in the market due to selling activity. It may also be the case that other market participants may be attempting to liquidate fixed-income holdings at the same time as the fund, causing increased supply in the market and contributing to liquidity risk and downward pricing pressure.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may prevent the fund from being able to realize full value and thus sell a security for its full valuation. This could cause a material decline in the fund’s net asset value.
Issuer-specific risk. The value of an individual security or particular type of security may be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its
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stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and
such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly
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from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund
and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose
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Fund Details
value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Other Policies and Risks
While the previous pages describe the main points of each fund’s strategy and risks, there are a few other matters to know about:
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Each of the policies described herein, including the investment objective and 80% investment policy of each fund, constitutes a non-fundamental policy that may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. Each fund’s 80% investment policy requires 60 days’ prior written notice to shareholders before they can be changed. Certain fundamental policies of each fund which can only be changed with shareholder approval are set forth in the SAI.
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Because each fund seeks to track its Underlying Index, no fund invests defensively and each fund will not invest in money market instruments or other short-term investments as part of a temporary defensive strategy to protect against potential market declines.
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Each fund may borrow money from a bank up to a limit of 10% of the value of its assets, but only for temporary or emergency purposes.
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Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF may borrow money under a credit facility to the extent necessary for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests, trade settlements, and as necessary to distribute to shareholders any income necessary to maintain a fund’s status as a regulated investment company (“RIC”).
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From time to time a third party, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may invest in a fund and hold its investment for a specific period of time in order for a fund to achieve size or scale. There can be no assurance that any such entity would not redeem its investment or that the size of a fund would be maintained at such levels. In order to comply with applicable law, it is possible that the Advisor or its affiliates, to the extent they are invested in a fund, may be required to redeem some or all of their ownership interests in a fund prematurely or at an inopportune time.
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Secondary market trading in fund shares may be halted by a stock exchange because of market conditions or other reasons. In addition, trading in fund shares on a stock exchange or in any market may be subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to “circuit breaker” rules on the exchange or market. If a trading halt or unanticipated early closing of a stock exchange occurs, a shareholder may be unable to purchase or sell shares of each fund. There can be no assurance that the requirements necessary to maintain the listing or trading of fund shares will continue to be met or will remain unchanged or that shares will trade with any volume, or at all, in any secondary market. As with all other exchange traded securities, shares may be sold short and may experience increased volatility and price decreases associated with such trading activity.
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Fund Details
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From time to time, a fund may have a concentration of shareholder accounts holding a significant percentage of shares outstanding. Investment activities of these shareholders could have a material impact on a fund. For example, a fund may be used as an underlying investment for other registered investment companies.
Portfolio Holdings Information
A description of DBX ETF Trust’s (“Trust”) policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of each fund’s portfolio securities is available in each fund’s SAI. The top holdings of each fund can be found at Xtrackers.com. Fund fact sheets provide information regarding each fund’s top holdings and may be requested by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS).
Who Manages and Oversees the Funds
The Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC (“Advisor”), with headquarters at 875 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022, is the investment advisor for the fund. Under the oversight of the Board, the Advisor makes the investment decisions, buys and sells securities for the fund and conducts research that leads to these purchase and sale decisions.
The Advisor is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA (“DWS Group”), a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG. Founded in 2010, the Advisor managed approximately $19 billion in 35 operational exchange-traded funds, as of August 31, 2022.
DWS represents the asset management activities conducted by DWS Group or any of its subsidiaries, including the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors.
DWS is a global organization that offers a wide range of investing expertise and resources, including hundreds of portfolio managers and analysts and an office network that reaches the world’s major investment centers. This well- resourced global investment platform brings together a wide variety of experience and investment insight across industries, regions, asset classes and investing styles.
The Advisor may utilize the resources of its global investment platform to provide investment management services through branch offices or affiliates located outside the US. In some cases, the Advisor may also utilize its branch offices or affiliates located in the US or outside the US to perform certain services, such as trade execution, trade matching and settlement, or various administrative, back-office or other services. To the extent services are performed outside the US, such activity may be subject to both US and foreign regulation. It is possible that the jurisdiction in which the Advisor or its affiliate performs such
services may impose restrictions or limitations on portfolio transactions that are different from, and in addition to, those in the US.
Management Fee. Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of each fund, including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement (also known as a “unitary advisory fee”), interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
For its services to each fund, during the most recent fiscal year, the Advisor received aggregate unitary advisory fees at the following annual rates as a percentage of each fund’s average daily net assets.
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Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG
USD High Yield Corporate
Bond ETF |
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Xtrackers Bloomberg US
Investment Grade Corporate
ESG ETF |
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A discussion regarding the basis for the Board's approval of each fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement is contained in each fund's annual report for the annual period ended May 31. For information on how to obtain shareholder reports, see the back cover.
Multi-Manager Structure. The Advisor and the Trust may rely on an exemptive order (the “Order”) from the SEC that permits the Advisor to enter into investment sub-advisory agreements with unaffiliated and affiliated subadvisors without obtaining shareholder approval. The Advisor, subject to the review and approval of the Board, selects subadvisors for each fund and supervises, monitors and evaluates the performance of the subadvisor.
The Order also permits the Advisor, subject to the approval of the Board, to replace subadvisors and amend investment subadvisory agreements, including fees, without shareholder approval whenever the Advisor and the Board believe such action will benefit a fund and its shareholders. The Advisor thus has the ultimate responsibility (subject to the ultimate oversight of the Board) to recommend the hiring and replacement of subadvisors as well as the discretion to terminate any subadvisor and reallocate a fund’s assets for management among any other subadvisor(s) and itself. This means that the Advisor is able to reduce the subadvisory fees and retain a larger portion of the management fee, or increase the subadvisory fees and retain a smaller portion of the management fee. Pursuant to the Order, the Advisor is not required to
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Fund Details
disclose its contractual fee arrangements with any subadvisor. The Advisor compensates a subadvisor out of its management fee.
Management
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
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Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
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BS in Finance, Boston College.
Brandon Matsui, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2016 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was a relationship manager in the Portfolio Analytics Group at BlackRock Solutions. Previously, he managed overlay accounts at BNY Mellon Beta Management, and was a senior portfolio manager for fixed income ETFs and mutual funds at Charles Schwab Investment Management.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BS in History, University of California, Irvine; MBA in Finance, University of Hawaii; Financial Risk Certification holder.
Benjamin Spalding, CESGA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2017 as part of the Passive Product Development team in New York.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BA in Finance and Government from The College of William & Mary. He is an EFFAS Certified ESG Analyst (CESGA).
Deepak Yadav, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2019. Prior to this he spent seven years at DB Prime Brokerage and Delta One equity trading gathering expertise in equity repurchase agreements and dividend risk pricing for indexed products. Previously, he worked in the DWS London office with the Equity ETF PE team.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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MBA from IIM Indore (India); BTech in Computer Science from VIT Vellore (India).
Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
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Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
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BS in Finance, Boston College.
Brandon Matsui, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2016 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was a relationship manager in the Portfolio Analytics Group at BlackRock Solutions. Previously, he managed overlay accounts at BNY Mellon Beta Management, and was a senior portfolio manager for fixed income ETFs and mutual funds at Charles Schwab Investment Management.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BS in History, University of California, Irvine; MBA in Finance, University of Hawaii; Financial Risk Certification holder.
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Fund Details
Benjamin Spalding, CESGA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2017 as part of the Passive Product Development team in New York.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BA in Finance and Government from The College of William & Mary. He is an EFFAS Certified ESG Analyst (CESGA).
Deepak Yadav, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2019. Prior to this he spent seven years at DB Prime Brokerage and Delta One equity trading gathering expertise in equity repurchase agreements and dividend risk pricing for indexed products. Previously, he worked in the DWS London office with the Equity ETF PE team.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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MBA from IIM Indore (India); BTech in Computer Science from VIT Vellore (India).
Each fund’s Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about a portfolio manager’s investments in each fund, a description of the portfolio management compensation structure and information regarding other accounts managed.
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Fund Details
Additional shareholder information, including how to buy and sell shares of a fund, is available free of charge by calling toll-free: 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS) or visiting our website at Xtrackers.com.
Buying and Selling Shares
Shares of a fund are listed for trading on a national securities exchange during the trading day. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day at market prices like shares of other publicly-traded companies. The Trust does not impose any minimum investment for shares of a fund purchased on an exchange. Buying or selling fund shares involves two types of costs that may apply to all securities transactions. When buying or selling shares of a fund through a broker, you will likely incur a brokerage commission or other charges determined by your broker. In addition, you may incur the cost of the “spread” – that is, any difference between the bid price and the ask price. The commission is frequently a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell small amounts of shares. The spread varies over time for shares of a fund based on its trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if a fund has a lot of trading volume and market liquidity and higher if a fund has little trading volume and market liquidity.
Shares of a fund may be acquired or redeemed directly from a fund only in Creation Units or multiples thereof, as discussed in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Creations and Redemptions.” Only an AP may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with a fund. Once created, shares of a fund generally trade in the secondary market in amounts less than a Creation Unit.
The Board has evaluated the risks of market timing activities by a fund’s shareholders. The Board noted that shares of a fund can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the fund in Creation Units by APs and that the vast majority of trading in a fund’s shares occurs on the secondary market. Because the secondary market trades do not involve a fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in a fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With regard to the purchase or redemption of Creation Units directly with a fund, to the extent effected
in-kind (i.e., for securities), such trades do not cause any of the harmful effects (as previously noted) that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that such trades could result in dilution to a fund and increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact a fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that a fund’s shares trade at or close to NAV. In addition, a fund imposes both fixed and variable transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of fund shares to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by a fund in effecting trades. These fees increase if an investor substitutes cash in part or in whole for securities, reflecting the fact that a fund’s trading costs increase in those circumstances. Given this structure, the Board determined that with respect to a fund it is not necessary to adopt policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of a fund’s shares.
Investments in a fund by other registered investment companies are subject to certain limitations imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Such registered investment companies may invest in a fund beyond the applicable limitations imposed by the 1940 Act pursuant to the terms and conditions of a rule enacted by the SEC, which includes a requirement that such registered investment companies enter into an agreement with the Trust.
Shares of a fund trade on the exchange and under the ticker symbol as shown in the table below.
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Xtrackers J.P. Morgan
ESG USD High
Yield Corporate Bond
ETF |
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Xtrackers Bloomberg
US Investment
Grade Corporate ESG
ETF |
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Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 38 | Investing in the Funds |
Book Entry
Shares of a fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of a fund and is recognized as the owner of all shares for all purposes.
Investors owning shares of a fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for shares of a fund. DTC participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you hold in book-entry or “street name” form.
Share Prices
The trading prices of a fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from a fund’s daily NAV per share and are affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. Information regarding the intraday value of shares of a fund, also known as the “indicative optimized portfolio value” (“IOPV”), is disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which a fund’s shares are listed or by market data vendors or other information providers. The IOPV is based on the current market value of the securities and/or cash required to be deposited in exchange for a Creation Unit. The IOPV does not necessarily reflect the precise composition of the current portfolio of securities held by a fund at a particular point in time nor the best possible valuation of the current portfolio. Therefore, the IOPV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV, which is computed only once a day. The IOPV is generally determined by using both current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities held by a fund. The quotations of certain fund holdings may not be updated during US trading hours if such holdings do not trade in the US. Each fund is not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the IOPV and makes no representation or warranty as to its accuracy.
Determination of Net Asset Value
The NAV of each fund is generally determined once daily Monday through Friday as of the regularly scheduled close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each day that the NYSE is open for trading. NAV is calculated by deducting all of a fund’s liabilities from the total value of its assets
and dividing the result by the number of shares outstanding, rounding to the nearest cent. All valuations are subject to review by the Trust’s Board or its delegate.
The Trust’s Board has designated the Advisor as the valuation designee for the fund pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor’s Pricing Committee typically values securities using readily available market quotations or prices supplied by independent pricing services (which are considered fair values under Rule 2a-5).
The Advisor has adopted fair valuation procedures that provide methodologies for fair valuing securities when pricing service prices or market quotations are not readily available, including when a security’s value or a meaningful portion of the value of the fund’s portfolio is believed to have been materially affected by a significant event such as a natural disaster, an economic event like a bankruptcy filing, or a substantial fluctuation in domestic or foreign markets that has occurred between the close of the exchange or market on which the security is principally traded (for example, a foreign exchange or market) and the close of the New York Stock Exchange. In such a case, the fund’s value for a security is likely to be different from the last quoted market price or pricing service prices. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, it is possible that the value determined for a particular asset may be materially different from the value realized upon such asset’s sale. In addition, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate a fund’s NAV and the prices used by the fund’s Underlying Index. This may adversely affect the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. With respect to securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges, the value of the fund’s portfolio securities may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or sell your shares.
The approximate value of shares of the applicable fund, an amount representing on a per share basis the sum of the current value of the deposit securities based on their then current market price and the estimated cash component will be disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association. Generally, trading in non-U.S. securities, U.S. government securities, money market instruments and certain fixed-income securities is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of each fund are determined as of such earlier times. The value of each Underlying Index will not be calculated and disseminated intra-day. The value and return of each Underlying Index is calculated once each trading day by the Index Provider based on prices received from the respective markets (including the respective international local markets).
Prospectus October 1, 2022
39
Investing in the Funds
Creations and Redemptions
Prior to trading in the secondary market, shares of the funds are “created” at NAV by market makers, large investors and institutions only in block-size Creation Units of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The size of a Creation Unit will be subject to change. Each “creator” or AP (which must be a DTC participant) enters into an authorized participant agreement (“Authorized Participant Agreement”) with the fund’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”), subject to acceptance by the Transfer Agent. Only an AP may create or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are issued and redeemed in exchange for a specific basket of securities approximating the holdings of a fund and a designated amount of cash. Each fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares are not redeemable by the fund. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received in a form described in the Authorized Participant Agreement.
Additional information about the procedures regarding creation and redemption of Creation Units (including the cut-off times for receipt of creation and redemption orders) is included in the SAI.
Each fund intends to comply with the US federal securities laws in accepting securities for deposits and satisfying redemptions with redemption securities, including that the securities accepted for deposits and the securities used to satisfy redemption requests will be sold in transactions that would be exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”). Further, an AP that is not a “qualified institutional buyer,” as such term is defined under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, will not be able to receive fund securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A.
Authorized Participants and the Continuous Offering of Shares
Because new shares may be created and issued on an ongoing basis, at any point during the life of a fund a “distribution,” as such term is used in the 1933 Act, may be occurring. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner that could render them statutory underwriters and subject to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act. Any determination of whether one is an underwriter must take into account all the relevant facts and circumstances of each particular case.
Broker-dealers should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary transactions), and thus dealing with shares that are part of an “unsold allotment”
within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the 1933 Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the 1933 Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153 under the 1933 Act is available only with respect to transactions on a national securities exchange.
Certain affiliates of a fund and the Advisor may purchase and resell fund shares pursuant to this Prospectus.
Transaction Fees
APs are charged standard creation and redemption transaction fees to offset transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. Purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units for cash are required to pay an additional variable charge (up to a maximum of 2% for redemptions, including the standard redemption fee) to compensate for brokerage and market impact expenses. The standard creation and redemption transaction fee for each fund is set forth in the table below. The maximum redemption fee, as a percentage of the amount redeemed, is 2%.
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Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG
USD High Yield Corporate
Bond ETF |
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Xtrackers Bloomberg US
Investment Grade Corporate
ESG ETF |
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Dividends and Distributions
General Policies. Dividends from net investment income, if any, are generally declared and paid monthly by each fund. Distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis for a fund. The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve a fund’s status as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income or realized gains.
Dividends and other distributions on shares of a fund are distributed on a pro rata basis to beneficial owners of such shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC participants and indirect participants to beneficial owners as of the record date with proceeds received from a fund.
Dividend Reinvestment Service. No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by beneficial owners of a fund for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income
Prospectus October 1, 2022
40
Investing in the Funds
and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of a fund purchased in the secondary market. Taxable dividend distributions will be subject to US federal income tax whether received in cash or reinvested in additional shares.
Taxes
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in shares of a fund will be taxed. The US federal income tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in shares of a fund.
Unless your investment in fund shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-advantaged retirement account, such as an IRA, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when a fund makes distributions or you sell fund shares.
US Federal Income Tax on Distributions
Distributions from a fund’s net investment income (other than qualified dividend income), including distributions of income from securities lending and distributions out of the fund’s net short-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to you as ordinary income for US federal income tax purposes. Distributions by a fund of net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (capital gain dividends) are taxable for US federal income tax purposes to non-corporate shareholders as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long the shareholders have held the fund’s shares. Distributions by the fund that qualify as qualified dividend income are taxable to a non-corporate shareholder at long-term capital gain rates, provided the shareholder satisfies certain holding period and other requirements. The maximum individual US federal income rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” and long-term capital gains is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. As discussed below, an additional 3.8% Medicare tax may also apply to certain non-corporate shareholder’s distributions from a fund.
Generally, qualified dividend income includes dividend income from taxable US corporations and qualified non-US corporations, provided that a fund satisfies certain holding period requirements in respect of the stock of such corporations and has not hedged its position in the stock in certain ways. For this purpose, a qualified non-US corporation means any non-US corporation that is eligible for benefits under a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States which includes an exchange of information program or if the stock with respect to which the dividend was paid is readily tradable on an established United States security market. The term excludes a corporation that is a passive foreign investment company.
Given the investment strategies of the funds, it is not anticipated that a significant portion of the dividends paid by the funds will be eligible to be reported as qualified dividend income (with respect to an individual or other non-corporate shareholder) or for the corporate dividends received deduction (with respect to a corporate shareholder).
Investments in certain debt obligations or other securities may cause the fund to recognize income in excess of the cash generated by them. Thus, the fund could be required at times to liquidate other investments in order to satisfy its distribution requirements.
In general, your distributions are subject to US federal income tax for the year when they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year.
Distributions in excess of the fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated for US federal income tax purposes as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s basis in his, her or its shares of the fund, and generally as a capital gain thereafter. Because a return of capital distribution will reduce the shareholder’s cost basis in his, her or its shares, a return of capital distribution may result in a higher capital gain or lower capital loss when those shares on which the distribution was received are sold.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a non-US entity, a fund’s ordinary income dividends (which include distributions of net short-term capital gains) will generally be subject to a 30% US withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies or unless such income is effectively connected with a US trade or business, provided that withholding tax will generally not apply to any gain or income realized by a non-US shareholder in respect of any distributions of long-term capital gains or upon the sale or other disposition of shares of a fund.
Dividends and interest received by a fund with respect to non-US securities may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by non-US countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the total assets of a fund at the close of a year consist of non-US stocks or securities, the fund may “pass through” to you certain non-US income taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the fund. This means that you would be considered to have received as additional gross income your share of such non-US taxes, but you may, in such case, be entitled to either a corresponding tax deduction or a credit in calculating your US federal income tax, subject in both cases to certain limitations.
If you are a resident or a citizen of the United States, by law, back-up withholding (currently at a rate of 24%) will apply to your distributions (including exempt-interest dividends) and proceeds if you have not provided a taxpayer
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Investing in the Funds
identification number or social security number and made other required certifications or if you are otherwise subject to back-up withholding.
US Federal Income Tax when Shares are Sold
Currently, any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares is generally treated as a long-term gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares held for one year or less is generally treated as short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid with respect to such shares. Your ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
Medicare Tax
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from a fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of fund shares) of US individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the consequences under current US federal income tax law of an investment in a fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. You may also be subject to state, local and foreign taxation on fund distributions and sales of shares. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences of an investment in shares of a fund under all applicable tax laws.
Distribution
The Distributor distributes Creation Units for each fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in shares of a fund. The Distributor has no role in determining the policies of a fund or the securities that are purchased or sold by a fund. The Distributor’s principal address is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.
The Advisor and/or its affiliates may pay additional compensation, out of their own assets and not as an additional charge to a fund, to selected affiliated and unaffiliated brokers, dealers, participating insurance companies or other financial intermediaries (“financial representatives”) in connection with the sale and/or distribution of fund shares or the retention and/or servicing of fund investors and fund shares (“revenue sharing”). For example, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may compensate financial representatives for providing a fund with “shelf space” or access to a third party platform or fund offering list or other marketing programs, including, without limitation, inclusion of a fund on preferred or recommended sales lists, fund “supermarket” platforms and other formal sales
programs; granting the Advisor and/ or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s sales force; granting the Advisor and/or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s conferences and meetings; assistance in training and educating the financial representative’s personnel; and obtaining other forms of marketing support.
The level of revenue sharing payments made to financial representatives may be a fixed fee or based upon one or more of the following factors: gross sales, current assets and/or number of accounts of a fund attributable to the financial representative, the particular fund or fund type or other measures as agreed to by the Advisor and/or its affiliates and the financial representatives or any combination thereof. The amount of these revenue sharing payments is determined at the discretion of the Advisor and/or its affiliates from time to time, may be substantial, and may be different for different financial representatives based on, for example, the nature of the services provided by the financial representative.
Receipt of, or the prospect of receiving, additional compensation may influence your financial representative’s recommendation of a fund. You should review your financial representative’s compensation disclosure and/or talk to your financial representative to obtain more information on how this compensation may have influenced your financial representative’s recommendation of the fund. Additional information regarding these revenue sharing payments is included in a fund’s Statement of Additional Information, which is available to you on request at no charge (see the back cover of this Prospectus for more information on how to request a copy of the Statement of Additional Information).
It is possible that broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions for a fund will also sell shares of a fund to their customers. However, the Advisor will not consider the sale of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for a fund. Accordingly, the Advisor has implemented policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent its traders from considering sales of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for a fund. In addition, the Advisor and/or its affiliates will not use fund brokerage to pay for their obligation to provide additional compensation to financial representatives as described above.
Premium/Discount Information
Information regarding how often shares of each fund traded on Cboe at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the NAV of each fund during the past calendar year can be found at Xtrackers.com.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
42
Investing in the Funds
The financial highlights are designed to help you understand recent financial performance. The figures in the first part of each table are for a single share. The total return figures represent the percentage that an investor in a fund would have earned (or lost), assuming all dividends and distributions were reinvested. This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with each fund’s financial statements, is included in each fund’s Annual Report as of May 31, 2022 and for the fiscal period then ended (see “For More Information” on the back cover).
Effective May 12, 2020, Xtrackers High Yield Corporate Bond – Interest Rate Hedged ETF changed its name to Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF.
Effective May 12, 2020, Xtrackers Investment Grade Bond – Interest Rate Hedged ETF changed its name to Xtrackers Bloomberg Barclays US Investment Grade Corporate ETF. Effective August 24, 2021, Xtrackers Bloomberg Barclays US Investment Grade Corporate ETF changed its name to Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ETF.
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)d |
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Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
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The Fund invests in other ETFs and indirectly bears its proportionate shares of fees and expenses incurred by the Underlying Funds in which the Fund is invested. This ratio does not include these indirect fees and expenses.
d
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 43 | Financial Highlights |
Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
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Because of the timing of subscriptions and redemptions in relation to fluctuating markets at value, the amount shown may not agree with the change in aggregate gains and losses.
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Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
d
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 44 | Financial Highlights |
Index Providers and Licenses
Bloomberg is the Index Provider for the Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF. Bloomberg is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, The Bank of New York Mellon, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates.
J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. is the Index Provider for Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF. J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, The Bank of New York Mellon, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates.
The Advisor has entered into a license agreement with Bloomberg and J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. to use each Underlying Index. All license fees are paid by the Advisor out of its own resources and not the assets of a fund.
Disclaimers
“Bloomberg®” and Bloomberg MSCI US Corporate Sustainability SRI Sector/Credit/Maturity Neutral Index (the “Index”) are service marks of Bloomberg Finance L.P. and its affiliates, including Bloomberg Index Services Limited (“BISL”), the administrator of the index (collectively, “Bloomberg”), and have been licensed for use for certain purposes by DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”).
The Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF (the “Fund”) is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Bloomberg. Bloomberg does not make any representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of or counterparties to the Fund or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Fund particularly. The only relationship of Bloomberg to the Advisor is the licensing of certain trademarks, trade names and service marks of the Index, which is determined, composed and calculated by BISL without regard to the Advisor or the Fund. Bloomberg has no obligation to take the needs of the Advisor or the owners of the Fund into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the Index. Bloomberg is not responsible for and has not participated in the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of the Fund to be issued. Bloomberg shall not have any obligation or liability, including, without limitation, to the Fund customers, in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Fund.
BLOOMBERG DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE INDEX OR ANY DATA RELATED THERETO AND SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN. BLOOMBERG DOES NOT MAKE ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY THE ADVISOR, OWNERS OF THE FUND OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE INDEX OR ANY DATA RELATED THERETO. BLOOMBERG DOES NOT MAKE ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE INDEX OR ANY DATA RELATED THERETO. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW, BLOOMBERG, ITS LICENSORS, AND ITS AND THEIR RESPECTIVE EMPLOYEES, CONTRACTORS, AGENTS, SUPPLIERS, AND VENDORS SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY OR RESPONSIBILITY WHATSOEVER FOR ANY INJURY OR DAMAGES—WHETHER DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE OR OTHERWISE—ARISING IN CONNECTION WITH THE FUND OR THE INDEX OR ANY DATA OR VALUES RELATING THERETO—WHETHER ARISING FROM THEIR NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
The Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF (the “Financial Product”) is not in any way sponsored, sold or promoted by J.P. Morgan Chase & Co and/or any of its affiliates (collectively “J.P. Morgan”). The index described herein is a proprietary J.P. Morgan index. J.P. Morgan is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, any aspect of the structuring of any attribute of the Financial Product, the determination of the timing of the offering of the Financial Product, the pricing of the Financial Product, or in the manner of operation of the Financial Product. J.P. Morgan has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Financial Product. All information provided
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 45 | Appendix |
herein regarding the J.P. Morgan index (the “Index”), including without limitation, the levels of the Index, is provided for informational purposes only. J.P. Morgan does not warrant the completeness or accuracy of the Index and/or the completeness or accuracy or any other information furnished in connection with the Index. The Index is the exclusive property of J.P. Morgan and J.P. Morgan retains all property rights therein. Nothing herein constitutes, or forms part of, an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument, including of the Financial Product, or as an official confirmation of any transaction, or a valuation or price for the Index or the Financial Product. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as a J.P. Morgan recommendation to adopt any investment strategy or as legal, tax or accounting advice. J.P. Morgan makes no express or implied representations or warranties with respect to the Index and/or the Financial Product, including but not limited to regarding the advisability of investing in securities or financial products generally and/or the Financial Products specifically, or the advisability of the Index to track investment opportunities in the financial markets or otherwise achieve its objective. J.P. Morgan hereby expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to the Index and the Financial Product. J.P. Morgan has no obligation to take the needs of the issuer or sponsor of any Financial Product, any investor, counterparty or any other party into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the J.P. Morgan indexes. J.P. Morgan is not responsible for nor has participated in the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of this Financial Product or in the determination or calculation of the equation by or the consideration into which this Financial Product is redeemable. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall J.P. Morgan have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) to any person, including but not limited to, for any statements contained in any offering document or any other materials used to describe the Index and/or the Financial Product, any error in the pricing or otherwise, of the Index and/or the Financial Product and J.P. Morgan shall not be under any obligation to advise any person of any error therein.
The Index may not be copied, used, or distributed without J.P. Morgan’s prior written approval. J.P. Morgan and the J.P. Morgan index names are service mark(s) of J.P. Morgan or its affiliates and have been licensed for use for certain purposes by DBX Advisors LLC. No purchaser, seller or holder of this security, product or fund, or any other person or entity, should use or refer to any J.P. Morgan trade name, trademark or service mark to sponsor, endorse, market or promote this Financial Product or any other financial product without first contacting J.P. Morgan to determine whether J.P. Morgan’s permission is required. Under no circumstances may any person or entity claim any affiliation with J.P. Morgan without the prior written permission of J.P. Morgan. Information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy. Copyright 2020, J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved.
Shares of the funds are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. (“Cboe”). Cboe makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the funds or any member of the public regarding the ability of the funds to track the total return performance of the J.P. Morgan ESG DM Corporate High Yield USD Index and the Bloomberg MSCI US Corporate Sustainability SRI Sector/Credit/Maturity Neutral Index, respectively (an “Underlying Index”) or the ability of the Underlying Index to track stock market performance. Cboe is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the compilation or the calculation of the Underlying Index, nor in the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of shares of the funds to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares are redeemable. Cboe has no obligation or liability to owners of the shares of the funds in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the shares of the funds.
Cboe does not guarantee the accuracy and/ or the completeness of the Underlying Index or any data included therein. Cboe makes no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by the Trust on behalf of the funds as licensee, licensee’s customers and counterparties, owners of the shares of the funds, or any other person or entity from the use of the subject index or any data included therein in connection with the rights licensed as described herein or for any other use. Cboe makes no express or implied warranties and hereby expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to the Underlying Index or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall Cboe have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
The Advisor does not guarantee the accuracy or the completeness of the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein and the Advisor shall have no liability for any errors, omissions or interruptions therein.
The Advisor makes no warranty, express or implied, to the owners of shares of the funds or to any other person or entity, as to results to be obtained by the funds from the use of the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein. The Advisor makes no express or implied warranties and expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with respect to the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Advisor have any liability for any special, punitive, direct, indirect or consequential damages (including lost profits), even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 46 | Appendix |
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
XTRACKERS.COM
1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS)
Copies of the prospectus, SAI and recent shareholder reports, when available, can be found on our website at Xtrackers.com. For more information about a fund, you may request a copy of the SAI. The SAI provides detailed information about a fund and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. This means that the SAI, for legal purposes, is a part of this prospectus.
If you have any questions about the Trust or shares of a fund or you wish to obtain the SAI or shareholder report free of charge, please:
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1-855-329-3837 or 1-855-DBX-ETFS
(toll free) Monday through Friday
8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. (Eastern time)
E-mail: dbxquestions@list.db.com |
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DBX ETF Trust
c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc.
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000
Denver, Colorado 80203 |
Information about a fund (including the SAI), reports and other information about a fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s website at sec.gov, and copies of
this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
Householding is an option available to certain fund investors. Householding is a method of delivery, based on the preference of the individual investor, in which a single copy of certain shareholder documents can be delivered to investors who share the same address, even if their accounts are registered under different names. Please contact your broker-dealer if you are interested in enrolling in householding and receiving a single copy of prospectuses and other shareholder documents, or if you are currently enrolled in householding and wish to change your householding status.
No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about a fund and their shares not contained in this prospectus and you should not rely on any other information. Read and keep the prospectus for future reference.
Investment Company Act File No.: 811-22487
Prospectus
October 1, 2022
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.: ESEB |
The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Your investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
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Stock Exchange: Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
Investment Objective
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the J.P. Morgan ESG EMBI Global Diversified Sovereign Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 24% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which applies environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) considerations to a broader parent index. The Underlying Index generally aims to keep the broad characteristics of its parent index, the J.P. Morgan EMBI Global Diversified Sovereign Index, resulting in a broad emerging markets sovereign debt market exposure with ESG aspects. Each issuer within the parent index is given an ESG score and assigned to a quintile based on that score. All issuers within the lowest quintile are removed from consideration for the Underlying Index, and the remainder are either weighted up or down based on which quintile they were scored in; with the best performers being weighted more heavily, and the remaining lower scoring issuers being weighted more lightly. In addition, if an instrument is categorized as “green” by the Climate Bond Initiative (“CBI”) under the criteria used by the CBI to certify bonds as being closely
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linked with green and climate friendly assets or projects, the security will be upgraded one quintile from the quintile to which it originally was assigned.
The Index Provider obtains ESG factor valuations for each issuer in the parent index from RepRisk and Sustainalytics, which are investment research providers dedicated to responsible investing and ESG research. These ESG factor valuations are obtained from each provider and translated by the Index Provider to a range of 0 – 100, with 100 being the best possible score. The Index Provider’s finalized ESG score for each issuer incorporates a 3-month rolling average of the scores from each individual provider. The Index Provider calculates ESG scores daily.
The ESG criteria used to score each issuer in the parent index reflect their application to sovereign issuers, including environmental (e.g., access to water, energy sources and pollution) governance (e.g., corruption and political liberties), and social (e.g., education access and life expectancy). Sovereign issuers involved (defined as the government receiving revenue from direct involvement in those activities) in thermal coal, tobacco, weapons or UN Global Compact principle violations are excluded from the index regardless of their ESG score.
The Underlying Index consists of fixed and floating rate securities and capitalizing/amortizing bonds, excluding convertible and inflation-linked instruments, issued by emerging markets sovereign entities that (i) are denominated in US dollars; and (ii) have more than six full months to maturity if already part of the Underlying Index and two and half years to maturity upon entering the Underlying Index. The eligible countries are Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Gabon, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Hungary, Indonesia, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Oman, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Tajikistan, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, and Zambia. However, this universe of countries may change in accordance with the index provider’s determination of eligible emerging market countries as follows: countries whose gross national income (“GNI”) per capita is below the J.P. Morgan Index Income Ceiling (“IIC”) for three consecutive years or if the country’s purchasing power parity (“PPP”) is below the Index Provider’s Index PPP Ratio (“IPR”) threshold for three consecutive years, and there is no assurance that a particular country will be represented in the Underlying Index at any given time. The instruments included in the Underlying Index may be rated investment grade or below investment grade (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”). The ratings assigned in the Underlying Index use the middle of three ratings from Moody’s Investors Services, Inc., Standard & Poor’s
Ratings Services and Fitch, Inc.; the lower of two ratings; or the single rating available. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced on a monthly basis. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was comprised of 555 bonds issued by 66 entities in 58 different countries, with an average market capitalization of approximately $518.4 million and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $48.2 million, from issuers in the following countries: Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Gabon, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Hungary, Indonesia, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Oman, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Tajikistan, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, and Zambia. The fund uses a representative sampling indexing strategy in seeking to track the Underlying Index, meaning it generally will invest in a sample of securities in the index whose risk, return and other characteristics resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Underlying Index as a whole.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in emerging markets sovereign bonds. In addition, the fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets, but typically far more, in instruments that comprise the Underlying Index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund is not sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., and J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. bears no liability with respect to any index on which the fund is based.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
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Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Inflation risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the real value of certain assets or real income from investments (the value of such assets or income after accounting for inflation) will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. Inflation, and investors’ expectation of future inflation, can impact the current value of the fund's portfolio, resulting in lower asset values and losses to shareholders. This risk may be elevated compared to historical market conditions because of recent monetary policy measures and the current interest rate environment.
ESG investment strategy risk. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology, and thus the fund’s investment strategy, limits the types and number of investment opportunities available to the fund and, as a result, the fund may underperform other funds that do not have an ESG focus. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology may result in the fund investing in securities that underperform the market as a whole or underperform other funds screened for ESG standards. In addition, the index provider may be unsuccessful in creating an index composed of companies that exhibit positive ESG characteristics. Regulatory changes or interpretations regarding the definitions and/or use of ESG criteria could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective, as well as the ability of certain classes of investors to invest in funds following an ESG strategy such as the fund.
Fixed income securities risk. Fixed-income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer, willingness of broker-dealers and other market participants to make markets in the applicable securities, and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk). Lower rated fixed-income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. There is a risk that a lack of liquidity or other adverse credit market conditions may hamper the fund’s ability to sell the debt securities in which it invests or to find and purchase debt instruments included in the Underlying Index.
Sovereign debt risk. A sovereign debtor’s willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by a variety of factors, including its cash flow situation, the extent of its reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy
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as a whole, the sovereign debtor’s policy toward international lenders, and the political constraints to which a sovereign debtor may be subject.
With respect to sovereign debt of emerging market issuers, investors should be aware that certain emerging market countries are among the largest debtors to commercial banks and foreign governments. At times, certain emerging market countries have declared moratoria on the payment of principal and interest on external debt. Certain emerging market countries have experienced difficulty in servicing their sovereign debt on a timely basis and that has led to defaults and the restructuring of certain indebtedness to the detriment of debt holders. Sovereign debt risk is increased for emerging market issuers.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Emerging market securities risk. The securities of issuers located in emerging markets tend to be more volatile and less liquid than securities of issuers located in more mature economies, and emerging markets generally have less diverse and less mature economic structures and less stable political systems than those of developed
countries. The securities of issuers located or doing substantial business in emerging markets are often subject to rapid and large changes in price.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased currency, political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Interest rate risk. When interest rates rise, prices of debt securities generally decline. The longer the duration of the fund’s debt securities, the more sensitive the fund will be to interest rate changes. (As a general rule, a 1% rise in interest rates means a 1% fall in value for every year of duration.) Interest rates can change in response to the supply and demand for credit, government and/or central bank monetary policy and action, inflation rates and other factors. Recent and potential future changes in monetary policy made by central banks or governments are likely to affect the level of interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and potential illiquidity and may detract from fund performance to the extent the fund is exposed to such interest rates and/or volatility. Rising interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments — and therefore its share price as well — to decline. Although interest rates in the US remain at low levels, they have been rising and are expected to continue to increase in the near future. A rising interest rate environment may cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities and related markets on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of such securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Increased redemptions from the fund may force the fund to sell investments at a time when it is not advantageous to do so, which could result in losses. Recently, there have been signs of inflationary price movements. As such, fixed-income and related markets may experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. A sharp rise in interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments to decline.
Credit risk. The fund’s performance could be hurt if an issuer of a debt security suffers an adverse change in financial condition that results in a payment default, security downgrade or inability to meet a financial obligation. Credit risk is greater for lower-rated securities. Because the issuers of junk bonds may be in uncertain financial health, the prices of their debt securities could be more vulnerable to bad economic news, or even the expectation of bad news, than investment-grade debt securities. Credit ratings may not be an accurate assessment of credit risk.
Prepayment and extension risk. When interest rates fall, issuers of high interest debt obligations may pay off the debts earlier than expected (prepayment risk), and the fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower yields. When interest rates rise, issuers of lower interest debt
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obligations may pay off the debts later than expected (extension risk), thus keeping the fund’s assets tied up in lower interest debt obligations. Ultimately, any unexpected behavior in interest rates could increase the volatility of the fund’s share price and yield and could hurt fund performance. Prepayments could also create capital gains tax liability in some instances.
High yield securities risk. Securities that are rated below investment-grade (commonly referred to as “junk bonds,” including those bonds rated lower than “BBB-” by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and Fitch, Inc. or “Baa3” by Moody’s Investors Services, Inc.), or are unrated, may be deemed speculative and may be more volatile than higher rated securities of similar maturity with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. High-yield debt securities’ total return and yield may generally be expected to fluctuate more than the total return and yield of investment-grade debt securities. A real or perceived economic downturn or an increase in market interest rates could cause a decline in the value of high-yield debt securities, result in increased redemptions and/or result in increased portfolio turnover, which could result in a decline in the NAV of the fund, reduce liquidity for certain investments and/or increase costs. High-yield debt securities are often thinly traded and can be more difficult to sell and value accurately than investment-grade debt securities because there may be no established secondary market. Investments in high-yield debt securities could increase liquidity risk for the fund. In addition, the market for high-yield debt securities could experience sudden and sharp volatility, which is generally associated more with investments in stocks.
Restricted securities/Rule 144A securities risk. The fund may invest in securities offered pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), which are restricted securities. They may be less liquid and more difficult to value than other investments because such securities may not be readily marketable in broad public markets. The fund may not be able to sell a restricted security promptly or at a reasonable price. Although there is a substantial institutional market for Rule 144A securities, it is not possible to predict exactly how the market for Rule 144A securities will develop. A restricted security that was liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid and its value may decline as a result. Restricted securities that are deemed illiquid will count towards the fund’s 15% limitation on illiquid securities. In addition, transaction costs may be higher for restricted securities than for more liquid securities. The fund may have to bear the expense of registering Rule 144A securities for resale and the risk of substantial delays in effecting the registration.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that
trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Issuer-specific risk. The value of an individual security or particular type of security may be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore
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experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity
in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment
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results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Non-diversification risk. The fund is classified as non-diversified under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption
orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
Prior to May 12, 2020, the fund operated with a different investment strategy. Performance would have been different if the fund’s current investment strategy had been in effect. Fund returns prior to May 12, 2020 reflect those of the fund when it was tracking the prior underlying index.
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation
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Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
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After tax on distribu-
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J.P. Morgan ESG EMBI
Global Diversified
Sovereign Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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J.P. Morgan EMBI
Global Diversified
Sovereign Index
(reflects no deductions
for fees, expenses or
taxes) |
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Effective May 12, 2020, the fund changed its underlying index to the JP Morgan ESG EMBI Global Diversified Sovereign Index from the Solactive USD Emerging Markets Bond – Interest Rate Hedged Index. Returns shown above for the JP Morgan ESG EMBI Global Diversified Sovereign Index prior to May 12, 2020 reflect the performance of the Solactive USD Emerging Markets Bond – Interest Rate Hedged Index.
Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Brandon Matsui, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Benjamin Spalding, CESGA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Deepak Yadav, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks
Investment Objective
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the J.P. Morgan ESG EMBI Global Diversified Sovereign Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which applies environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) considerations to a broader parent index. The Underlying Index generally aims to keep the broad characteristics of its parent index, the J.P. Morgan EMBI Global Diversified Sovereign Index, resulting in a broad emerging markets sovereign debt market exposure with ESG aspects. Each issuer within the parent index is given an ESG score and assigned to a quintile based on that score. All issuers within the lowest quintile are removed from consideration for the Underlying Index, and the remainder are either weighted up or down based on which quintile they were scored in; with the best performers being weighted more heavily, and the remaining lower scoring issuers being weighted more lightly. In addition, if an instrument is categorized as “green” by the Climate Bond Initiative (“CBI”) under the criteria used by the CBI to certify bonds as being closely linked with green and climate friendly assets or projects, the security will be upgraded one quintile from the quintile to which it originally was assigned.
The Index Provider obtains ESG factor valuations for each issuer in the parent index from RepRisk and Sustainalytics, which are investment research providers dedicated to responsible investing and ESG research. These ESG factor valuations are obtained from each provider and translated by the Index Provider to a range of 0 – 100, with 100 being the best possible score. The Index Provider’s finalized ESG
score for each issuer incorporates a 3-month rolling average of the scores from each individual provider. The Index Provider calculates ESG scores daily.
The ESG criteria used to score each issuer in the parent index reflect their application to sovereign issuers, including environmental (e.g., access to water, energy sources and pollution) governance (e.g., corruption and political liberties), and social (e.g., education access and life expectancy). Sovereign issuers involved (defined as the government receiving revenue from direct involvement in those activities) in thermal coal, tobacco, weapons or UN Global Compact principle violations are excluded from the index regardless of their ESG score.
The Underlying Index consists of fixed and floating rate securities and capitalizing/amortizing bonds, excluding convertible and inflation-linked instruments, issued by emerging markets sovereign entities that (i) are denominated in US dollars; and (ii) have more than six full months to maturity if already part of the Underlying Index and two and half years to maturity upon entering the Underlying Index. The eligible countries are Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Gabon, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Hungary, Indonesia, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Oman, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Tajikistan, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, and Zambia. However, this universe of countries may change in accordance with the index provider’s determination of eligible emerging market countries as follows: countries whose gross national income (“GNI”) per capita is below the J.P. Morgan Index Income Ceiling (“IIC”) for three consecutive years or if the country’s purchasing power parity (“PPP”) is below the Index Provider’s Index PPP Ratio (“IPR”) threshold for three consecutive years, and there is no assurance that a particular country will be represented in the Underlying Index at any given time. The instruments included in the Underlying Index may be rated investment grade or below investment grade (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”). The ratings assigned in the Underlying Index use the middle of three ratings from
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Moody’s Investors Services, Inc., Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and Fitch, Inc.; the lower of two ratings; or the single rating available. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced on a monthly basis. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was comprised of 555 bonds issued by 66 entities in 58 different countries, with an average market capitalization of approximately $518.4 million and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $48.2 million, from issuers in the following countries: Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Gabon, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Hungary, Indonesia, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Oman, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Tajikistan, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, and Zambia. The fund uses a representative sampling indexing strategy in seeking to track the Underlying Index, meaning it generally will invest in a sample of securities in the index whose risk, return and other characteristics resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Underlying Index as a whole.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in emerging markets sovereign bonds. In addition, the fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets, but typically far more, in instruments that comprise the Underlying Index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors or countries may change over time.
The fund may invest its remaining assets in other securities, including securities not in the Underlying Index, cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (subject to applicable limitations under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities and structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
The fund is not sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., and J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. bears no liability with respect to any index on which such funds are based. The accuracy, completeness or relevance of the information which has been obtained from external sources cannot be guaranteed, although it has been obtained from sources reasonably believed to be reliable. Subject to any applicable law, J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. shall not assume any liability in this respect. The index described herein is a proprietary J.P. Morgan index.
The prospectus contains a detailed description of the limited relationship that J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. has with DBX Advisors LLC and the fund.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
J.P. Morgan ESG EMBI Global Diversified Sovereign Index
Number of Components: approximately 555
Index Description. The J.P. Morgan ESG EMBI Global Diversified Sovereign Index applies environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) considerations to its broader parent index, the J.P. Morgan EMBI Global Diversified Sovereign Index.
The Underlying Index is calculated and maintained by J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. (“Index Provider” or “J.P. Morgan”). The Underlying Index is part of the J.P. Morgan ESG suite of indexes (the “JESG Indexes”) and integrates ESG scores with screens for both positive/best-in-class and negative factors, including the exclusion of controversial sectors and UN Global Compact (“UNGC”) violators. Under the JESG Index methodology, including for the Underlying Index, the Index Provider obtains ESG factor valuations for each sovereign issuer in the parent index from RepRisk and Sustainalytics, which are investment research providers dedicated to responsible investing and ESG research. These ESG factor valuations are obtained from each provider and translated by the Index Provider to a range of 0 – 100, with 100 being the best possible score. The Index Provider’s finalized ESG score (“JESG Score”) for each sovereign issuer incorporates a 3-month rolling average of the scores from each individual provider. The Index Provider calculates JESG Scores daily.
All available sovereign issuer ESG factor valuations from RepRisk and Sustainalytics are used in the Underlying Index calculations. If, however, a sovereign issuer in the parent index is not covered by either of those input ESG factor valuation providers, then the regional average of
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each provider is used to calculate a regional average ESG factor valuation to be used as a proxy. If a sovereign issuer in the parent index is only covered by one of those ESG factor valuation input providers, the Index Provider uses the factor valuation from the covering data provider is averaged with the regional average value from the remaining provider to calculate the JESG Score. Only sovereign bonds are eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index.
Each issuer in the Underlying Index is bucketed into one of five quintiles (or “bands”) corresponding to its JESG Score.
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Band 1 = JESG Score equal to or greater than 80
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Band 2 = JESG Score equal to or greater than 60, less than 80
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Band 3 = JESG Score equal to or greater than 40, less than 60
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Band 4 = JESG Score equal to or greater than 20, less than 40
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Band 5 = JESG Score less than 20
Issuers with better overall ESG scores are assigned larger weights compared to the parent index. Issuers with JESG scores less than 20 are excluded and are not eligible for 12 months once excluded. Additionally, issuers with derived revenue from thermal coal, tobacco and weapons sectors are excluded. Issuers violating UNGC principles are also excluded.
If an instrument is categorized as “green” by the Climate Bond Initiative (CBI), under the criteria used by the CBI to certify bonds as being closely linked with green and climate friendly assets or projects, the security will be upgraded one quintile from the band to which it originally was assigned. Green bonds from excluded issuers are also not eligible for inclusion.
Additional Information about the Underlying Index
JPMorgan Chase & Co (“J.P. Morgan” or the “Index Provider”). J.P. Morgan serves as the Index Administrator and Calculation Agent for the Underlying Index.
All instruments which meet the above requirements are included in the Underlying Index.
The composition of the Underlying Index is ordinarily rebalanced on the last business day of each month, though certain additions to or removals from the Underlying Index, as well as certain band movements on the part of Underlying Index components, are effected on a quarterly basis as set forth herein. If an issuer is eligible for inclusion into or exclusion from the Underlying Index, the action will take place on the quarterly rebalance date for the band changes, following a one-month lag for the scores. Once an issuer is removed because its score no longer meets the index score requirement, the issuer is no longer eligible for inclusion for 12 months. New instruments which meet the eligibility requirements are generally added to the Underlying Index at that month’s rebalancing if the settlement date of such instruments falls on or before the month-end rebalance date.
If an issuer is eligible for a different band than the one it is currently in, it will be moved to the new quintile on the quarterly rebalance date, following a one-month lag for the scores. As per index rules, the promotion or demotion into or out of each quintile will also impact green bonds issued by the respective issuer.
During each rebalancing, each index component is weighted pro rata according to its market capitalization.
During extraordinary market conditions, the Index Provider may delay any scheduled rebalancing of the Underlying Index. During any such delay it is possible that the Underlying Index will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to
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affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Inflation risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the real value of certain assets or real income from investments (the value of such assets or income after accounting for inflation) will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. Inflation, and investors’ expectation of future inflation, can impact the current value of the fund's portfolio, resulting in lower asset values and losses to shareholders. This risk may be elevated compared to historical market conditions because of recent monetary policy measures and the current interest rate environment.
ESG investment strategy risk. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology, and thus the fund’s investment strategy, limits the types and number of investment opportunities available to the fund and, as a result, the fund may underperform other funds that do not have an ESG focus. The Underlying Index’s ESG methodology may result in the fund investing in securities that underperform the market as a whole or underperform other funds screened for ESG standards. In addition, the index provider may be unsuccessful in creating an index composed of companies that exhibit positive ESG characteristics. Regulatory changes or interpretations regarding the definitions and/or use of ESG criteria could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective, as well as the ability of certain classes of investors to invest in funds following an ESG strategy such as the fund.
Fixed income securities risk. Fixed-income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer, willingness of broker-dealers and other market participants to make markets in the applicable securities, and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk). Lower rated fixed-income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled.
Sovereign debt risk. Investments in sovereign debt securities involve special risks, including the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, and the government debtor’s policy towards the International Monetary Fund and the political constraints to which a government debtor may be subject. The governmental authority that controls the repayment of sovereign debt may be unwilling or unable to repay the principal and/or interest when due in accordance with the terms of such securities due to the extent of its foreign reserves. If an issuer of sovereign debt defaults on payments of principal and/or interest, the fund may have limited legal recourse against the issuer and/or guarantor. In certain cases, remedies must be pursued in the courts of the defaulting party itself, and the fund’s ability to obtain recourse may be limited.
Certain issuers of sovereign debt may be dependent on disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and others abroad to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. Such disbursements may be conditioned upon a debtor’s implementation of economic reforms and/or economic performance and the timely service of such debtor’s obligations. A failure on the part of the debtor to implement such reforms, achieve such levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of such third parties’ commitments to lend funds to the government debtor, which may impair the debtor’s ability to service its debts on a timely basis. As a holder of government debt, the fund may be requested to participate in the rescheduling of such debt and to extend further loans to government debtors.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying
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and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Emerging market securities risk. Investment in emerging markets subjects the fund to a greater risk of loss than investments in a developed market. This is due to, among other things, (i) greater market volatility,(ii) lower trading volume, (iii) political and economic instability, (iv) high levels of inflation, deflation or currency devaluation, (v) greater risk of market shut down, (vi) more governmental limitations on foreign investments and limitations on repatriation of invested capital than those typically found in a developed market, and (vii) the risk that companies may be held to lower disclosure, corporate governance, auditing and financial reporting standards than companies in more developed markets.
The financial stability of issuers (including governments) in emerging market countries may be more precarious than in other countries. As a result, there will tend to be an increased risk of price volatility in the fund’s investments in emerging market countries.
Settlement practices for transactions in foreign markets, particularly those in emerging markets, may differ from those in US markets. Such differences include delays beyond periods customary in the United States and practices, such as delivery of securities prior to receipt of payment, which increase the likelihood of a “failed settlement.” Failed settlements can result in losses to the fund. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle, and governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. Local agents are held only to the standards of care of their local markets.
Emerging markets sovereign debt risk. Government obligors in emerging market countries are among the world’s largest debtors to commercial banks, other governments, international financial organizations and other financial institutions. Historically, certain issuers of the government debt securities in which the fund may invest have experienced substantial difficulties in meeting their external debt obligations, resulting in defaults on certain obligations and the restructuring of certain indebtedness. Such restructuring arrangements have included obtaining additional credit to finance outstanding obligations and the reduction and rescheduling of payments of interest and principal
through the negotiation of new or amended credit agreements. As a holder of government debt securities, the fund may be asked to participate in the restructuring of such obligations and to extend further loans to their issuers. There can be no assurance that the securities in which the fund will invest will not be subject to restructuring arrangements or to requests for additional credit. In addition, certain participants in the secondary market for such debt may be directly involved in negotiating the terms of these arrangements and may therefore have access to information not available to other market participants, such as the fund.
Geographic focus risk. Focusing investments in a single country or few countries, or regions, involves increased currency, political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in such a targeted country, countries or regions are likely to have a greater effect on fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified fund.
Interest rate risk. When interest rates rise, prices of debt securities generally decline. The longer the duration of the fund’s debt securities, the more sensitive the fund will be to interest rate changes. (As a general rule, a 1% rise in interest rates means a 1% fall in value for every year of duration.) Interest rates can change in response to the supply and demand for credit, government and/or central bank monetary policy and action, inflation rates and other factors. Recent and potential future changes in monetary policy made by central banks or governments are likely to affect the level of interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and potential illiquidity and may detract from fund performance to the extent the fund is exposed to such interest rates and/or volatility. Rising interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments — and therefore its share price as well — to decline. Although interest rates in the US remain at low levels, they have been rising and are expected to continue to increase in the near future. A rising interest rate environment may cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities and related markets on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of such securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Increased redemptions from the fund may force the fund to sell investments at a time when it is not advantageous to do so, which could result in losses. Recently, there have been signs of inflationary price movements. As such, fixed-income and related markets may experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. A sharp rise in interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments to decline.
Credit risk. The fund’s performance could be hurt if an issuer of a debt security suffers an adverse change in financial condition that results in a payment default, security downgrade or inability to meet a financial obligation. Credit risk is greater for lower-rated securities. Credit ratings may not be an accurate assessment of credit risk.
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Prepayment and extension risk. When interest rates fall, issuers of high interest debt obligations may pay off the debts earlier than expected (prepayment risk), and the fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower yields. When interest rates rise, issuers of lower interest debt obligations may pay off the debts later than expected (extension risk), thus keeping the fund’s assets tied up in lower interest debt obligations. Ultimately, any unexpected behavior in interest rates could increase the volatility of the fund’s share price and yield and could hurt fund performance. Prepayments could also create capital gains tax liability in some instances.
High yield securities risk. Exposure to high yield (lower rated) debt instruments (also known as “junk bonds”) may involve greater levels of credit, prepayment, liquidity and valuation risk than for higher rated instruments. High yield debt instruments may be more sensitive to economic changes, political changes, or adverse developments specific to a company than other fixed income instruments. High yield debt instruments are considered speculative with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to make principal and interest payments and, therefore, such instruments generally involve greater risk of default or price changes than higher rated debt instruments. High-yield debt securities’ total return and yield may generally be expected to fluctuate more than the total return and yield of investment-grade debt securities. A real or perceived economic downturn or an increase in market interest rates could cause a decline in the value of high-yield debt securities, result in increased redemptions and/or result in increased portfolio turnover, which could result in a decline in the NAV of the fund, reduce liquidity for certain investments and/or increase costs. High-yield debt securities are often thinly traded and can be more difficult to sell and value accurately than investment-grade debt securities as there may be no established secondary market. Even if an established secondary market exists, less active markets may diminish the fund’s ability to obtain accurate market quotations when valuing the portfolio securities and thereby give rise to valuation risk.
Investments in high-yield debt securities could increase liquidity risk for the fund. In addition, the market for high-yield debt securities can experience sudden and sharp volatility, which is generally associated more with investments in stocks. High yield debt instruments may be more sensitive to economic changes, political changes, or adverse developments specific to a company than other fixed income instruments. High yield debt instruments may also present risks based on payment expectations. For example, these instruments may contain redemption or call provisions. If an issuer exercises these provisions in a declining interest rate market, the fund would have to replace the security with a lower yielding security, resulting in a decreased return for investors. If the issuer of a security is in default with respect to interest or principal payments, the issuer’s security could lose its entire value. Furthermore, the transaction costs associated with
the purchase and sale of high yield debt instruments may vary greatly depending upon a number of factors and may adversely affect the fund’s performance.
Restricted securities/Rule 144A securities risk. The fund may invest its assets in securities offered pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), which are restricted securities. They may be less liquid and more difficult to value than other investments because such securities may not be readily marketable in broad public markets. The fund may not be able to sell a restricted security promptly or at a reasonable price. Although there is a substantial institutional market for Rule 144A securities, it is not possible to predict exactly how the market for Rule 144A securities will develop. A restricted security that was liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid and its value may decline as a result. Restricted securities that are deemed illiquid will count towards the fund’s 15% limitation on illiquid securities. In addition, transaction costs may be higher for restricted securities than for more liquid securities. The fund may have to bear the expense of registering Rule 144A securities for resale and the risk of substantial delays in effecting the registration.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market and the reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities. Liquidity risk also may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where investor redemptions from fixed income mutual funds or ETFs may be higher than normal, causing increased supply in the market due to selling activity. It may also be the case that other market participants may be attempting to liquidate fixed-income holdings at the same time as the fund, causing increased supply in the market and contributing to liquidity risk and downward pricing pressure.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing.
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In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may prevent the fund from being able to realize full value and thus sell a security for its full valuation. This could cause a material decline in the fund’s net asset value.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Issuer-specific risk. The value of an individual security or particular type of security may be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact
on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate
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from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly
from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Non-diversification risk. The fund is classified as non-diversified under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in
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securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures
involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
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Other Policies and Risks
While the previous pages describe the main points of the fund’s strategy and risks, there are a few other matters to know about:
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Each of the policies described herein, including the investment objective and 80% investment policy of the fund, constitutes a non-fundamental policy that may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. The fund’s 80% investment policy requires 60 days’ prior written notice to shareholders before it can be changed. Certain fundamental policies of the fund which can only be changed with shareholder approval are set forth in the SAI.
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Because the fund seeks to track its Underlying Index, the fund does not invest defensively and the fund will not invest in money market instruments or other short-term investments as part of a temporary defensive strategy to protect against potential market declines.
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The fund may borrow money from a bank up to a limit of 10% of the value of its assets, but only for temporary or emergency purposes.
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The fund may borrow money under a credit facility to the extent necessary for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests, trade settlements, and as necessary to distribute to shareholders any income necessary to maintain the fund’s status as a regulated investment company (“RIC”).
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From time to time a third party, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may invest in the fund and hold its investment for a specific period of time in order for the fund to achieve size or scale. There can be no assurance that any such entity would not redeem its investment or that the size of the fund would be maintained at such levels. In order to comply with applicable law, it is possible that the Advisor or its affiliates, to the extent they are invested in the fund, may be required to redeem some or all of their ownership interests in the fund prematurely or at an inopportune time.
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Secondary market trading in fund shares may be halted by a stock exchange because of market conditions or other reasons. In addition, trading in fund shares on a stock exchange or in any market may be subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to “circuit breaker” rules on the exchange or market. If a trading halt or unanticipated early closing of a stock exchange occurs, a shareholder may be unable to purchase or sell shares of the fund. There can be no assurance that the requirements necessary to maintain the listing or trading of fund shares will continue to be met or will remain unchanged or that shares will trade with any volume, or at all, in any secondary market. As with all other exchange traded securities, shares may be sold short and may experience increased volatility and price decreases associated with such trading activity.
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From time to time, the fund may have a concentration of shareholder accounts holding a significant percentage of shares outstanding. Investment activities of these shareholders could have a material impact on the fund. For example, the fund may be used as an underlying investment for other registered investment companies.
Portfolio Holdings Information
A description of DBX ETF Trust’s (“Trust”) policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the fund’s portfolio securities is available in the fund’s SAI. The top holdings of the fund can be found at Xtrackers.com. Fund fact sheets provide information regarding the fund’s top holdings and may be requested by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS).
Who Manages and Oversees the Fund
The Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC (“Advisor”), with headquarters at 875 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022, is the investment advisor for the fund. Under the oversight of the Board, the Advisor makes the investment decisions, buys and sells securities for the fund and conducts research that leads to these purchase and sale decisions.
The Advisor is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA (“DWS Group”), a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG. Founded in 2010, the Advisor managed approximately $19 billion in 35 operational exchange-traded funds, as of August 31, 2022.
DWS represents the asset management activities conducted by DWS Group or any of its subsidiaries, including the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors.
DWS is a global organization that offers a wide range of investing expertise and resources, including hundreds of portfolio managers and analysts and an office network that reaches the world’s major investment centers. This well- resourced global investment platform brings together a wide variety of experience and investment insight across industries, regions, asset classes and investing styles.
The Advisor may utilize the resources of its global investment platform to provide investment management services through branch offices or affiliates located outside the US. In some cases, the Advisor may also utilize its branch offices or affiliates located in the US or outside the US to perform certain services, such as trade execution, trade matching and settlement, or various administrative, back-office or other services. To the extent services are performed outside the US, such activity may be subject to both US and foreign regulation. It is possible that the jurisdiction in which the Advisor or its affiliate performs such
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services may impose restrictions or limitations on portfolio transactions that are different from, and in addition to, those in the US.
Management Fee. Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of the fund, including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement (also known as a “unitary advisory fee”), interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
For its services to the fund, during the most recent fiscal year, the Advisor received aggregate unitary advisory fees at the following annual rates as a percentage of the fund’s average daily net assets.
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Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG
Emerging Markets Sovereign
ETF |
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A discussion regarding the basis for the Board's approval of the fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement will be contained in the fund's annual report for the annual period ended May 31. For information on how to obtain shareholder reports, see the back cover.
Multi-Manager Structure. The Advisor and the Trust may rely on an exemptive order (the “Order”) from the SEC that permits the Advisor to enter into investment sub-advisory agreements with unaffiliated and affiliated subadvisors without obtaining shareholder approval. The Advisor, subject to the review and approval of the Board, selects subadvisors for the fund and supervises, monitors and evaluates the performance of the subadvisor.
The Order also permits the Advisor, subject to the approval of the Board, to replace subadvisors and amend investment subadvisory agreements, including fees, without shareholder approval whenever the Advisor and the Board believe such action will benefit the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor thus has the ultimate responsibility (subject to the ultimate oversight of the Board) to recommend the hiring and replacement of subadvisors as well as the discretion to terminate any subadvisor and reallocate the fund’s assets for management among any other subadvisor(s) and itself. This means that the Advisor is able to reduce the subadvisory fees and retain a larger portion of the management fee, or increase the subadvisory fees and retain a smaller portion of the management fee. Pursuant to the Order, the Advisor is not required to disclose its contractual fee arrangements with any subadvisor. The Advisor compensates the subadvisor out of its management fee.
Management
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
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Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
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BS in Finance, Boston College.
Brandon Matsui, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2016 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was a relationship manager in the Portfolio Analytics Group at BlackRock Solutions. Previously, he managed overlay accounts at BNY Mellon Beta Management, and was a senior portfolio manager for fixed income ETFs and mutual funds at Charles Schwab Investment Management.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BS in History, University of California, Irvine; MBA in Finance, University of Hawaii; Financial Risk Certification holder.
Benjamin Spalding, CESGA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2017 as part of the Passive Product Development team in New York.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BA in Finance and Government from The College of William & Mary. He is an EFFAS Certified ESG Analyst (CESGA).
Deepak Yadav, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2019. Prior to this he spent seven years at DB Prime Brokerage and Delta One equity trading gathering expertise in equity repurchase agreements and dividend risk pricing for indexed products. Previously, he worked in the DWS London office with the Equity ETF PE team.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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MBA from IIM Indore (India); BTech in Computer Science from VIT Vellore (India).
The fund’s Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about a portfolio manager’s investments in the fund, a description of the portfolio management compensation structure and information regarding other accounts managed.
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Additional shareholder information, including how to buy and sell shares of the fund, is available free of charge by calling toll-free: 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS) or visiting our website at Xtrackers.com.
Buying and Selling Shares
Shares of the fund are listed for trading on a national securities exchange during the trading day. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day at market prices like shares of other publicly-traded companies. The Trust does not impose any minimum investment for shares of the fund purchased on an exchange. Buying or selling fund shares involves two types of costs that may apply to all securities transactions. When buying or selling shares of the fund through a broker, you will likely incur a brokerage commission or other charges determined by your broker. In addition, you may incur the cost of the “spread” – that is, any difference between the bid price and the ask price. The commission is frequently a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell small amounts of shares. The spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on its trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has a lot of trading volume and market liquidity and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity.
Shares of the fund may be acquired or redeemed directly from the fund only in Creation Units or multiples thereof, as discussed in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Creations and Redemptions.” Only an AP may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund. Once created, shares of the fund generally trade in the secondary market in amounts less than a Creation Unit.
The Board has evaluated the risks of market timing activities by the fund’s shareholders. The Board noted that shares of the fund can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the fund in Creation Units by APs and that the vast majority of trading in the fund’s shares occurs on the secondary market. Because the secondary market trades do not involve the fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With regard to the purchase or redemption of
Creation Units directly with the fund, to the extent effected in-kind (i.e., for securities), such trades do not cause any of the harmful effects (as previously noted) that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that such trades could result in dilution to the fund and increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that the fund’s shares trade at or close to NAV. In addition, the fund imposes both fixed and variable transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of fund shares to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by the fund in effecting trades. These fees increase if an investor substitutes cash in part or in whole for securities, reflecting the fact that the fund’s trading costs increase in those circumstances. Given this structure, the Board determined that with respect to the fund it is not necessary to adopt policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of the fund’s shares.
Investments in a fund by other registered investment companies are subject to certain limitations imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Such registered investment companies may invest in a fund beyond the applicable limitations imposed by the 1940 Act pursuant to the terms and conditions of a rule enacted by the SEC, which includes a requirement that such registered investment companies enter into an agreement with the Trust.
Shares of the fund trade on the exchange and under the ticker symbol as shown in the table below.
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Xtrackers J.P. Morgan
ESG Emerging –
Markets Sovereign ETF |
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Book Entry
Shares of the fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of the fund and is recognized as the owner of all shares for all purposes.
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Investors owning shares of the fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for shares of the fund. DTC participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you hold in book-entry or “street name” form.
Share Prices
The trading prices of the fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the fund’s daily NAV per share and are affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. Information regarding the intraday value of shares of the fund, also known as the “indicative optimized portfolio value” (“IOPV”), is disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which the fund’s shares are listed or by market data vendors or other information providers. The IOPV is based on the current market value of the securities and/or cash required to be deposited in exchange for a Creation Unit. The IOPV does not necessarily reflect the precise composition of the current portfolio of securities held by the fund at a particular point in time nor the best possible valuation of the current portfolio. Therefore, the IOPV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV, which is computed only once a day. The IOPV is generally determined by using both current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities held by the fund. The quotations of certain fund holdings may not be updated during US trading hours if such holdings do not trade in the US. The fund is not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the IOPV and makes no representation or warranty as to its accuracy.
Determination of Net Asset Value
The NAV of the fund is generally determined once daily Monday through Friday as of the regularly scheduled close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each day that the NYSE is open for trading. NAV is calculated by deducting all of the fund’s liabilities from the total value of its assets and dividing the result by the number of shares outstanding, rounding to the nearest cent. All valuations are subject to review by the Trust’s Board or its delegate.
The Trust’s Board has designated the Advisor as the valuation designee for the fund pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor’s Pricing Committee typically
values securities using readily available market quotations or prices supplied by independent pricing services (which are considered fair values under Rule 2a-5).
The Advisor has adopted fair valuation procedures that provide methodologies for fair valuing securities when pricing service prices or market quotations are not readily available, including when a security’s value or a meaningful portion of the value of the fund’s portfolio is believed to have been materially affected by a significant event such as a natural disaster, an economic event like a bankruptcy filing, or a substantial fluctuation in domestic or foreign markets that has occurred between the close of the exchange or market on which the security is principally traded (for example, a foreign exchange or market) and the close of the New York Stock Exchange. In such a case, the fund’s value for a security is likely to be different from the last quoted market price or pricing service prices. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, it is possible that the value determined for a particular asset may be materially different from the value realized upon such asset’s sale. In addition, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s NAV and the prices used by the fund’s Underlying Index. This may adversely affect the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. With respect to securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges, the value of the fund’s portfolio securities may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or sell your shares.
The approximate value of shares of the applicable fund, an amount representing on a per share basis the sum of the current value of the deposit securities based on their then current market price and the estimated cash component will be disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association. Generally, trading in non-U.S. securities, U.S. government securities, money market instruments and certain fixed-income securities is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the fund are determined as of such earlier times. The value of the Underlying Index will not be calculated and disseminated intra-day. The value and return of the Underlying Index is calculated once each trading day by the Index Provider based on prices received from the respective markets (including the respective international local markets).
Creations and Redemptions
Prior to trading in the secondary market, shares of the fund are “created” at NAV by market makers, large investors and institutions only in block-size Creation Units of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The size of a Creation Unit will be subject to change. Each “creator” or AP (which must be a DTC participant) enters into an authorized participant agreement (“Authorized Participant Agreement”) with the fund’s distributor, ALPS
Prospectus October 1, 2022
22
Investing in the Fund
Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”), subject to acceptance by the Transfer Agent. Only an AP may create or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are issued and redeemed in exchange for a specific basket of securities approximating the holdings of the fund and a designated amount of cash. The fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares are not redeemable by the fund. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received in a form described in the Authorized Participant Agreement.
Additional information about the procedures regarding creation and redemption of Creation Units (including the cut-off times for receipt of creation and redemption orders) is included in the SAI.
The fund intends to comply with the US federal securities laws in accepting securities for deposits and satisfying redemptions with redemption securities, including that the securities accepted for deposits and the securities used to satisfy redemption requests will be sold in transactions that would be exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”). Further, an AP that is not a “qualified institutional buyer,” as such term is defined under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, will not be able to receive fund securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A.
Authorized Participants and the Continuous Offering of Shares
Because new shares may be created and issued on an ongoing basis, at any point during the life of the fund a “distribution,” as such term is used in the 1933 Act, may be occurring. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner that could render them statutory underwriters and subject to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act. Any determination of whether one is an underwriter must take into account all the relevant facts and circumstances of each particular case.
Broker-dealers should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary transactions), and thus dealing with shares that are part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the 1933 Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the 1933 Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153 under the 1933 Act is available only with respect to transactions on a national securities exchange.
Certain affiliates of the fund and the Advisor may purchase and resell fund shares pursuant to this Prospectus.
Transaction Fees
APs are charged standard creation and redemption transaction fees to offset transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. Purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units for cash are required to pay an additional variable charge (up to a maximum of 2% for redemptions, including the standard redemption fee) to compensate for brokerage and market impact expenses. The standard creation and redemption transaction fee for the fund is set forth in the table below. The maximum redemption fee, as a percentage of the amount redeemed, is 2%.
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Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG
Emerging Markets Sovereign
ETF |
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Dividends and Distributions
General Policies. Dividends from net investment income, if any, are generally declared and paid monthly by the fund. Distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis for the fund. The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the fund’s status as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income or realized gains.
Dividends and other distributions on shares of the fund are distributed on a pro rata basis to beneficial owners of such shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC participants and indirect participants to beneficial owners as of the record date with proceeds received from the fund.
Dividend Reinvestment Service. No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by beneficial owners of the fund for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of the fund purchased in the secondary market. Taxable dividend distributions will be subject to US federal income tax whether received in cash or reinvested in additional shares.
Taxes
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in shares of the fund will be taxed. The US federal income tax information in this Prospectus is
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Investing in the Fund
provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in shares of the fund.
Unless your investment in fund shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-advantaged retirement account, such as an IRA, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when the fund makes distributions or you sell fund shares.
US Federal Income Tax on Distributions
Distributions from the fund’s net investment income (other than qualified dividend income), including distributions of income from securities lending and distributions out of the fund’s net short-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to you as ordinary income for US federal income tax purposes. Distributions by the fund of net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (capital gain dividends) are taxable for US federal income tax purposes to non-corporate shareholders as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long the shareholders have held the fund’s shares. Distributions by the fund that qualify as qualified dividend income are taxable to a non-corporate shareholder at long-term capital gain rates, provided the shareholder satisfies certain holding period and other requirements. The maximum individual US federal income rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” and long-term capital gains is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. As discussed below, an additional 3.8% Medicare tax may also apply to certain non-corporate shareholder’s distributions from the fund.
Generally, qualified dividend income includes dividend income from taxable US corporations and qualified non-US corporations, provided that the fund satisfies certain holding period requirements in respect of the stock of such corporations and has not hedged its position in the stock in certain ways. For this purpose, a qualified non-US corporation means any non-US corporation that is eligible for benefits under a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States which includes an exchange of information program or if the stock with respect to which the dividend was paid is readily tradable on an established United States security market. The term excludes a corporation that is a passive foreign investment company.
Given the investment strategies of the fund, it is not anticipated that a significant portion of the dividends paid by the fund will be eligible to be reported as qualified dividend income (with respect to an individual or other non-corporate shareholder) or for the corporate dividends received deduction (with respect to a corporate shareholder).
Investments in certain debt obligations or other securities may cause the fund to recognize income in excess of the cash generated by them. Thus, the fund could be required at times to liquidate other investments in order to satisfy its distribution requirements.
In general, your distributions are subject to US federal income tax for the year when they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year.
Distributions in excess of the fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated for US federal income tax purposes as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s basis in his, her or its shares of the fund, and generally as a capital gain thereafter. Because a return of capital distribution will reduce the shareholder’s cost basis in his, her or its shares, a return of capital distribution may result in a higher capital gain or lower capital loss when those shares on which the distribution was received are sold.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a non-US entity, the fund’s ordinary income dividends (which include distributions of net short-term capital gains) will generally be subject to a 30% US withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies or unless such income is effectively connected with a US trade or business, provided that withholding tax will generally not apply to any gain or income realized by a non-US shareholder in respect of any distributions of long-term capital gains or upon the sale or other disposition of shares of the fund.
Dividends and interest received by the fund with respect to non-US securities may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by non-US countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the total assets of the fund at the close of a year consist of non-US stocks or securities, the fund may “pass through” to you certain non-US income taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the fund. This means that you would be considered to have received as additional gross income your share of such non-US taxes, but you may, in such case, be entitled to either a corresponding tax deduction or a credit in calculating your US federal income tax, subject in both cases to certain limitations.
If you are a resident or a citizen of the United States, by law, back-up withholding (currently at a rate of 24%) will apply to your distributions (including exempt-interest dividends) and proceeds if you have not provided a taxpayer identification number or social security number and made other required certifications or if you are otherwise subject to back-up withholding.
US Federal Income Tax when Shares are Sold
Currently, any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares is generally treated as a long-term gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Any
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Investing in the Fund
capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares held for one year or less is generally treated as short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid with respect to such shares. Your ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
Medicare Tax
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of fund shares) of US individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the consequences under current US federal income tax law of an investment in the fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. You may also be subject to state, local and foreign taxation on fund distributions and sales of shares. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences of an investment in shares of the fund under all applicable tax laws.
Distribution
The Distributor distributes Creation Units for the fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in shares of the fund. The Distributor has no role in determining the policies of the fund or the securities that are purchased or sold by the fund. The Distributor’s principal address is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.
The Advisor and/or its affiliates may pay additional compensation, out of their own assets and not as an additional charge to the fund, to selected affiliated and unaffiliated brokers, dealers, participating insurance companies or other financial intermediaries (“financial representatives”) in connection with the sale and/or distribution of fund shares or the retention and/or servicing of fund investors and fund shares (“revenue sharing”). For example, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may compensate financial representatives for providing the fund with “shelf space” or access to a third party platform or fund offering list or other marketing programs, including, without limitation, inclusion of the fund on preferred or recommended sales lists, fund “supermarket” platforms and other formal sales programs; granting the Advisor and/ or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s sales force; granting the Advisor and/or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s conferences and meetings; assistance in training and educating the financial representative’s personnel; and obtaining other forms of marketing support.
The level of revenue sharing payments made to financial representatives may be a fixed fee or based upon one or more of the following factors: gross sales, current assets and/or number of accounts of the fund attributable to the financial representative, the particular fund or fund type or other measures as agreed to by the Advisor and/or its affiliates and the financial representatives or any combination thereof. The amount of these revenue sharing payments is determined at the discretion of the Advisor and/or its affiliates from time to time, may be substantial, and may be different for different financial representatives based on, for example, the nature of the services provided by the financial representative.
Receipt of, or the prospect of receiving, additional compensation may influence your financial representative’s recommendation of the fund. You should review your financial representative’s compensation disclosure and/or talk to your financial representative to obtain more information on how this compensation may have influenced your financial representative’s recommendation of the fund. Additional information regarding these revenue sharing payments is included in the fund’s Statement of Additional Information, which is available to you on request at no charge (see the back cover of this Prospectus for more information on how to request a copy of the Statement of Additional Information).
It is possible that broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions for the fund will also sell shares of the fund to their customers. However, the Advisor will not consider the sale of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for the fund. Accordingly, the Advisor has implemented policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent its traders from considering sales of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for the fund. In addition, the Advisor and/or its affiliates will not use fund brokerage to pay for their obligation to provide additional compensation to financial representatives as described above.
Premium/Discount Information
Information regarding how often shares of the fund traded on Cboe at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the NAV of the fund during the past calendar year can be found at Xtrackers.com.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Investing in the Fund
The financial highlights are designed to help you understand recent financial performance. The figures in the first part of the table are for a single share. The total return figures represent the percentage that an investor in the fund would have earned (or lost), assuming all dividends and distributions were reinvested. This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the fund’s financial statements, is included in the fund’s Annual Report as of May 31, 2022 (see “For More Information” on the back cover).
Effective May 12, 2020, Xtrackers Emerging Markets Bond - Interest Rate Hedged ETF changed its name to Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF.
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)c |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
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Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
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Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 26 | Financial Highlights |
Index Providers and Licenses
J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. is the Index Provider for the fund. J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, The Bank of New York Mellon, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates.
The Advisor has entered into a license agreement with J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. to use the Underlying Index. All license fees are paid by the Advisor out of its own resources and not the assets of the fund.
Disclaimers
The Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF (the “Financial Product”) is not in any way sponsored, sold or promoted by J.P. Morgan Chase & Co and/or any of its affiliates (collectively “J.P. Morgan”). The index described herein is a proprietary J.P. Morgan index. J.P. Morgan is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, any aspect of the structuring of any attribute of the Financial Product, the determination of the timing of the offering of the Financial Product, the pricing of the Financial Product, or in the manner of operation of the Financial Product. J.P. Morgan has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Financial Product. All information provided herein regarding the J.P. Morgan index (the “Index”), including without limitation, the levels of the Index, is provided for informational purposes only. J.P. Morgan does not warrant the completeness or accuracy of the Index and/or the completeness or accuracy or any other information furnished in connection with the Index. The Index is the exclusive property of J.P. Morgan and J.P. Morgan retains all property rights therein. Nothing herein constitutes, or forms part of, an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument, including of the Financial Product, or as an official confirmation of any transaction, or a valuation or price for the Index or the Financial Product. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as a J.P. Morgan recommendation to adopt any investment strategy or as legal, tax or accounting advice. J.P. Morgan makes no express or implied representations or warranties with respect to the Index and/or the Financial Product, including but not limited to regarding the advisability of investing in securities or financial products generally and/or the Financial Products specifically, or the advisability of the Index to track investment opportunities in the financial markets or otherwise achieve its objective. J.P. Morgan hereby expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to the Index and the Financial Product. J.P. Morgan has no obligation to take the needs of the issuer or sponsor of any Financial Product, any investor, counterparty or any other party into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the J.P. Morgan indexes. J.P. Morgan is not responsible for nor has participated in the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of this Financial Product or in the determination or calculation of the equation by or the consideration into which this Financial Product is redeemable. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall J.P. Morgan have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) to any person, including but not limited to, for any statements contained in any offering document or any other materials used to describe the Index and/or the Financial Product, any error in the pricing or otherwise, of the Index and/or the Financial Product and J.P. Morgan shall not be under any obligation to advise any person of any error therein.
The Index may not be copied, used, or distributed without J.P. Morgan’s prior written approval. J.P. Morgan and the J.P. Morgan index names are service mark(s) of J.P. Morgan or its affiliates and have been licensed for use for certain purposes by DBX Advisors LLC. No purchaser, seller or holder of this security, product or fund, or any other person or entity, should use or refer to any J.P. Morgan trade name, trademark or service mark to sponsor, endorse, market or promote this Financial Product or any other financial product without first contacting J.P. Morgan to determine whether J.P. Morgan’s permission is required. Under no circumstances may any person or entity claim any affiliation with J.P. Morgan without the prior written permission of J.P. Morgan. Information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy. Copyright 2020, J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 27 | Appendix |
Shares of the fund are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. (“Cboe”). Cboe makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the fund or any member of the public regarding the ability of the fund to track the total return performance of the J.P. Morgan ESG EMBI Global Diversified Sovereign Index (an “Underlying Index”) or the ability of the Underlying Index to track stock market performance. Cboe is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the compilation or the calculation of the Underlying Index, nor in the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of shares of the fund to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares are redeemable. Cboe has no obligation or liability to owners of the shares of the fund in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the shares of the fund.
Cboe does not guarantee the accuracy and/ or the completeness of the Underlying Index or any data included therein. Cboe makes no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by the Trust on behalf of the fund as licensee, licensee’s customers and counterparties, owners of the shares of the fund, or any other person or entity from the use of the subject index or any data included therein in connection with the rights licensed as described herein or for any other use. Cboe makes no express or implied warranties and hereby expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to the Underlying Index or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall Cboe have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
The Advisor does not guarantee the accuracy or the completeness of the Underlying Index or any data included therein and the Advisor shall have no liability for any errors, omissions or interruptions therein.
The Advisor makes no warranty, express or implied, to the owners of shares of the fund or to any other person or entity, as to results to be obtained by the fund from the use of the Underlying Index or any data included therein. The Advisor makes no express or implied warranties and expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with respect to the Underlying Index or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Advisor have any liability for any special, punitive, direct, indirect or consequential damages (including lost profits), even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 28 | Appendix |
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
XTRACKERS.COM
1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS)
Copies of the prospectus, SAI and recent shareholder reports, when available, can be found on our website at Xtrackers.com. For more information about the fund, you may request a copy of the SAI. The SAI provides detailed information about the fund and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. This means that the SAI, for legal purposes, is a part of this prospectus.
If you have any questions about the Trust or shares of the fund or you wish to obtain the SAI or shareholder report free of charge, please:
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1-855-329-3837 or 1-855-DBX-ETFS
(toll free) Monday through Friday
8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. (Eastern time)
E-mail: dbxquestions@list.db.com |
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DBX ETF Trust
c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc.
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000
Denver, Colorado 80203 |
Information about the fund (including the SAI), reports and other information about the fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s website at sec.gov, and
copies of this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
Householding is an option available to certain fund investors. Householding is a method of delivery, based on the preference of the individual investor, in which a single copy of certain shareholder documents can be delivered to investors who share the same address, even if their accounts are registered under different names. Please contact your broker-dealer if you are interested in enrolling in householding and receiving a single copy of prospectuses and other shareholder documents, or if you are currently enrolled in householding and wish to change your householding status.
No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about the fund and their shares not contained in this prospectus and you should not rely on any other information. Read and keep the prospectus for future reference.
Investment Company Act File No.: 811-22487
Prospectus
October 1, 2022
Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF |
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The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Your investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.
Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 27% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of the US long-term tax exempt bond market, consisting of infrastructure revenue bonds. The fund uses a representative sampling indexing strategy in seeking to track the Underlying Index, meaning that it will generally invest in a sample of securities in the index whose risk, return and other characteristics resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Underlying Index as a whole. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in instruments that comprise the Underlying Index.
The Underlying Index is comprised of tax-exempt municipal securities issued by states, cities, counties, districts, their respective agencies, and other tax-exempt issuers. The Underlying Index is intended to track bonds that have been issued with the intention of funding federal, state and local
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 1 | Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF |
infrastructure projects, such as water and sewer systems, public sewer systems, toll roads, bridges, tunnels and many other public use projects.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 814 securities (176 issuers) with an average amount outstanding of approximately $90 million and a minimum amount outstanding of approximately $30 million. The Underlying Index is a total return index, which assumes that any cash distributions are reinvested back into the Underlying Index.
The Underlying Index is designed to only hold those bonds issued by state and local municipalities where the interest and principal repayments are generated from dedicated revenue streams or double-barreled entities (whose bonds are backed by both a dedicated revenue stream and a general obligation pledge).
The Underlying Index may include private activity bonds, industrial development bonds, special tax bonds and transportation bonds.
Private activity bonds are issued by municipalities and other public authorities to finance development of industrial facilities for use by a private enterprise. The private enterprise pays the principal and interest on the bond, and the issuer does not pledge its full faith, credit and taxing power for repayment.
Industrial development bonds are a specific type of revenue bond backed by the credit and security of a private user and therefore have more potential risk. The interest from industrial development bonds, when distributed by the fund as “exempt-interest dividends” to shareholders, may be subject to the US federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”).
Special tax bonds are payable for and secured by the revenues derived by a municipality from a particular tax (e.g., tax on the rental of a hotel room, on the purchase of food and beverages, on the rental of automobiles or on the consumption of liquor). Special tax bonds are not secured by the general tax revenues of the municipality, and they do not represent general obligations of the municipality.
Transportation bonds are obligations of issuers that own and operate public transit systems, ports, highways, turnpikes, bridges and other transportation systems.
In order to be eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index, the municipal securities must be offered publicly; meet a minimum amount outstanding and deal amount; be investment-grade; have a fixed-rate coupon payment; and are not prefunded/escrowed to maturity. Municipal bonds which are subject to the AMT and state and local taxes are eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index. The Underlying Index does not attempt to achieve a particular duration (which is a measure of a bond’s sensitivity to interest rates), but the Underlying Index limits eligibility for inclusion to municipal securities which have a stated final maturity of 10 years or longer and are not callable for at
least the next 5 years. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is reconstituted and rebalanced on a monthly basis. The fund reconstitutes and rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s reconstitution and rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s reconstitution and rebalance schedule.
Under normal circumstances, the fund invests at least 80% of net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities issued by municipalities across the United States and its territories which are classified as “municipal infrastructure revenue” bonds based on the Underlying Index’s criteria summarized above, whose income is free from regular federal income tax. Because municipal securities that pay interest subject to the AMT may be included in the Underlying Index without limit, the fund may invest an unlimited amount of its net assets in municipal securities whose income is subject to the AMT. In addition, the fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in instruments that comprise the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers in the United States and Guam, comprised of securities of issuers from the United States (99.88%), and as of the fund’s fiscal year end, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of municipal securities of issuers in New York (18.9%) and California (11.3%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The fund is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Solactive.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Municipal securities risk. Municipal instruments may be susceptible to periods of economic stress, which could affect the market values and marketability of many or all municipal obligations of issuers in a state, U.S. territory, or possession. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic has
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significantly stressed the financial resources of many municipal issuers, which may impair a municipal issuer’s ability to meet its financial obligations when due and could adversely impact the value of its bonds, which could negatively impact the performance of the fund. Municipal securities are subject to the risk that litigation, legislation or other political events, local business or economic conditions or the bankruptcy of the issuer could have a significant effect on an issuer’s ability to make payments of principal and/or interest. Certain municipalities may have difficulty meeting their obligations due to, among other reasons, changes in underlying demographics. Municipal securities can be significantly affected by political changes as well as uncertainties in the municipal market related to taxation, legislative changes or the rights of municipal security holders. Because many municipal securities are issued to finance similar projects, especially those relating to education, health care, transportation, utilities and water and sewer, conditions in those sectors can affect the overall municipal market. In addition, changes in the financial condition of an individual municipal issuer can affect the overall municipal market. Municipal securities may include revenue bonds, which are generally backed by revenue from a specific project or tax. The issuer of a revenue bond makes interest and principal payments from revenues generated from a particular source or facility, such as a tax on particular property or revenues generated from a municipal water or sewer utility or an airport.
Revenue bonds generally are not backed by the full faith and credit and general taxing power of the issuer. The market for municipal bonds may be less liquid than for taxable bonds. The value and liquidity of many municipal securities have decreased as a result of the most recent financial crisis, which has also adversely affected many municipal securities issuers and may continue to do so. There may be less information available on the financial condition of issuers of municipal securities than for public corporations.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial
markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Inflation risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the real value of certain assets or real income from investments (the value of such assets or income after accounting for inflation) will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. Inflation, and investors’ expectation of future inflation, can impact the current value of the fund's portfolio, resulting in lower asset values and losses to shareholders. This risk may be elevated compared to historical market conditions because of recent monetary policy measures and the current interest rate environment.
Fixed income securities risk. Fixed-income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer, willingness of broker-dealers and other market participants to make markets in the applicable securities, and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk). Lower rated fixed-income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. There is a risk that a lack of liquidity or other adverse credit market conditions may hamper the
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fund’s ability to sell the debt securities in which it invests or to find and purchase debt instruments included in the Underlying Index.
Private activity bonds risk. The issuers of private activity bonds in which the fund may invest may be negatively impacted by conditions affecting either the general credit of the user of the private activity project or the project itself. The fund’s private activity bond holdings also may pay interest subject to the AMT. See “Taxes” for more details.
Industrial development bond risk. These revenue bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to obtain funds to finance various public and/or privately operated facilities, including those for business and manufacturing, housing, sports, pollution control, airport, mass transit, port and parking facilities. These bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax payments. Consequently, the credit quality of these securities is dependent upon the ability of the user of the facilities financed by the bonds and any guarantor to meet its financial obligations. Payment of interest on and repayment of principal on such bonds are the responsibility of the user and/or any guarantor. These bonds are subject to a wide variety of risks, many of which relate to the nature of the specific project. Generally, the value and credit quality of these bonds are sensitive to the risks related to an economic slowdown.
Special tax bond risk. Special tax bonds are usually backed and payable through a single tax, or series of special taxes such as incremental property taxes. The failure of the tax levy to generate adequate revenue to pay the debt service on the bonds may cause the value of the bonds to decline. Adverse conditions and developments affecting a particular project may result in lower revenues to the issuer of the municipal securities, which may adversely affect the value of the fund’s portfolio.
Transportation bond risk. Transportation bonds may be issued to finance the construction of airports, toll roads, highways or other transit facilities. Airport bonds are dependent on the general stability of the airline industry and on the stability of a specific carrier who uses the airport as a hub. Air traffic generally follows broader economic trends and is also affected by the price and availability of fuel. Toll road bonds are also affected by the cost and availability of fuel as well as toll levels, the presence of competing roads and the general economic health of an area. Fuel costs and availability also affect other transportation related securities, as do the presence of alternate forms of transportation, such as public transportation. Municipal securities that are issued to finance a particular transportation project often depend solely on revenues from that project to make principal and interest payments. Adverse conditions and developments affecting a particular project may result in lower revenues to the issuer of the municipal securities.
Water and sewer bond risk. Water and sewer revenue bonds are often considered to have relatively secure credit as a result of their issuer’s importance, monopoly status and generally unimpeded ability to raise rates. Despite this, lack of water supply due to insufficient rain, run off or snow pack is a concern that has led to past defaults. Further, public resistance to rate increases, costly environmental litigation and federal environmental mandates are challenges faced by issuers of water and sewer bonds.
Interest rate risk. When interest rates rise, prices of debt securities generally decline. The longer the duration of the fund’s debt securities, the more sensitive the fund will be to interest rate changes. (As a general rule, a 1% rise in interest rates means a 1% fall in value for every year of duration.) Interest rates can change in response to the supply and demand for credit, government and/or central bank monetary policy and action, inflation rates and other factors. Recent and potential future changes in monetary policy made by central banks or governments are likely to affect the level of interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and potential illiquidity and may detract from fund performance to the extent the fund is exposed to such interest rates and/or volatility. Rising interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments — and therefore its share price as well — to decline. Although interest rates in the US remain at low levels, they have been rising and are expected to continue to increase in the near future. A rising interest rate environment may cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities and related markets on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of such securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Increased redemptions from the fund may force the fund to sell investments at a time when it is not advantageous to do so, which could result in losses. Recently, there have been signs of inflationary price movements. As such, fixed-income and related markets may experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. A sharp rise in interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments to decline.
Credit risk. The fund’s performance could be hurt if an issuer of a debt security suffers an adverse change in financial condition that results in a payment default, security downgrade or inability to meet a financial obligation. Credit risk is greater for lower-rated securities. Because the issuers of junk bonds may be in uncertain financial health, the prices of their debt securities could be more vulnerable to bad economic news, or even the expectation of bad news, than investment-grade debt securities. Credit ratings may not be an accurate assessment of credit risk.
Geographic focus risk. To the extent that the Underlying Index and the fund are significantly comprised of issuers in a single state, region or sector of the municipal securities market, performance can be more volatile than that of a fund that invests more broadly. As an example, factors
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affecting a state, region or sector, such as severe fiscal difficulties, an economic downturn, court rulings, increased expenditures on domestic security or reduced monetary support from the federal government, could over time impair the ability of a state, region or sector to repay its obligations.
Risks related to investing in New York. The fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in municipal obligations of issuers located in the State of New York and, therefore, will have greater exposure to negative political, economic, regulatory or other factors within the State of New York, including the financial condition of its public authorities and political subdivisions, than a fund that invests in a broader base of securities. Unfavorable developments in any economic sector may have a substantial impact on the overall New York municipal market. Certain issuers of New York municipal bonds have experienced serious financial difficulties in the past and reoccurrence of these difficulties may impair the ability of certain New York issuers to pay principal or interest on their obligations.
Risks related to investing in California. The fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in municipal obligations of issuers located in the State of California. While California’s economy is broad, it does have major concentrations in high technology, manufacturing, entertainment, agriculture, tourism, construction and services, and may be sensitive to economic problems affecting those industries. Consequently, the fund may be affected by political, economic, regulatory and other developments within California and by the financial condition of California’s political subdivisions, agencies, instrumentalities and public authorities.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Prepayment and extension risk. When interest rates fall, issuers of high interest debt obligations may pay off the debts earlier than expected (prepayment risk), and the fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower yields. When interest rates rise, issuers of lower interest debt obligations may pay off the debts later than expected (extension risk), thus keeping the fund’s assets tied up in lower interest debt obligations. Ultimately, any unexpected behavior in interest rates could increase the volatility of the fund’s share price and yield and could hurt fund performance. Prepayments could also create capital gains tax liability in some instances.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large
investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Tax risk. Income from municipal securities held by the fund could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or state tax authorities, or noncompliant conduct of a securities issuer. In addition, because municipal securities that pay interest subject to the AMT may be included in the Underlying Index without limit, the fund may invest an unlimited amount of its net assets in municipal securities whose income is subject to the AMT. Further, a portion of the fund’s otherwise exempt-interest distributions may be taxable to those shareholders subject to the AMT.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Issuer-specific risk. The value of an individual security or particular type of security may be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions
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could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on
market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or
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other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market
performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
shares |
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Solactive Municipal
Infrastructure Revenue
Bond Index (reflects no
deductions for fees,
expenses or taxes) |
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S&P Municipal Bond
Revenue Index (reflects
no deductions for fees,
expenses or taxes) |
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Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
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Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Brandon Matsui, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Benjamin Spalding, CESGA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Deepak Yadav, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund intends to meet certain federal income tax requirements so that distributions of tax-exempt interest income will be treated as “exempt-interest dividends.” These dividends are not subject to regular federal income tax. The fund may invest an unlimited amount of its net assets in municipal securities that generate interest income subject to the AMT for individuals. All exempt interest dividends may increase certain shareholders’ AMT. The fund expects that its distributions will consist primarily of exempt-interest dividends. The fund’s exempt-interest dividends may be subject to state and local taxes.
For more information regarding the tax consequences that may be associated with investing in the fund, please refer to the section of this Prospectus entitled “Taxes.”
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the performance of the US long-term tax exempt bond market, consisting of infrastructure revenue bonds. The fund uses a representative sampling indexing strategy in seeking to track the Underlying Index, meaning that it will generally invest in a sample of securities in the index whose risk, return and other characteristics resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Underlying Index as a whole. The fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in instruments that comprise the Underlying Index.
The Underlying Index is comprised of tax-exempt municipal securities issued by states, cities, counties, districts, their respective agencies, and other tax-exempt issuers. The Underlying Index is intended to track bonds that have been issued with the intention of funding federal, state and local infrastructure projects, such as water and sewer systems, public sewer systems, toll roads, bridges, tunnels and many other public use projects.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 814 securities (176 issuers) with an average amount outstanding of approximately $90 million and a minimum amount outstanding of approximately $30 million. The Underlying Index is a total return index, which assumes that any cash distributions are reinvested back into the Underlying Index.
The Underlying Index is designed to only hold those bonds issued by state and local municipalities where the interest and principal repayments are generated from dedicated revenue streams or double-barreled entities (whose bonds are backed by both a dedicated revenue stream and a general obligation pledge).
The Underlying Index may include private activity bonds, industrial development bonds, special tax bonds and transportation bonds.
Private activity bonds are issued by municipalities and other public authorities to finance development of industrial facilities for use by a private enterprise. The private enterprise pays the principal and interest on the bond, and the issuer does not pledge its full faith, credit and taxing power for repayment.
Industrial development bonds are a specific type of revenue bond backed by the credit and security of a private user and therefore have more potential risk. The interest from industrial development bonds, when distributed by the fund as “exempt-interest dividends” to shareholders, may be subject to the US federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”).
Special tax bonds are payable for and secured by the revenues derived by a municipality from a particular tax (e.g., tax on the rental of a hotel room, on the purchase of food and beverages, on the rental of automobiles or on the consumption of liquor). Special tax bonds are not secured by the general tax revenues of the municipality, and they do not represent general obligations of the municipality.
Transportation bonds are obligations of issuers that own and operate public transit systems, ports, highways, turnpikes, bridges and other transportation systems.
In order to be eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index, the municipal securities must be offered publicly; meet a minimum amount outstanding and deal amount; be investment-grade; have a fixed-rate coupon payment; and are not prefunded/escrowed to maturity. Municipal bonds which are subject to the AMT and state and local taxes are eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index. The Underlying Index does not attempt to achieve a particular duration (which is a measure of a bond’s sensitivity to interest rates), but the Underlying Index limits eligibility for
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inclusion to municipal securities which have a stated final maturity of 10 years or longer and are not callable for at least the next 5 years. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is reconstituted and rebalanced on a monthly basis. The fund reconstitutes and rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s reconstitution and rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s reconstitution and rebalance schedule.
Under normal circumstances, the fund invests at least 80% of net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities issued by municipalities across the United States and its territories which are classified as “municipal infrastructure revenue” bonds based on the Underlying Index’s criteria summarized above, whose income is free from regular federal income tax. Because municipal securities that pay interest subject to the AMT may be included in the Underlying Index without limit, the fund may invest an unlimited amount of its net assets in municipal securities whose income is subject to the AMT. In addition, the fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets (but typically far more) in instruments that comprise the Underlying Index.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index was comprised of securities of issuers in the United States and Guam, comprised of securities of issuers from the United States (99.88%), and as of the fund’s fiscal year end, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of municipal securities of issuers in New York (18.9%) and California (11.3%).
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that its Underlying Index is concentrated. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The fund is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Solactive.
Underlying Index Information
Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index
The Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index is maintained by Solactive and is administered and calculated by Solactive.
Index Description. The Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index is designed to track the returns of the segment of the U.S. long term tax-exempt bond market, consisting of infrastructure revenue bonds. The Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index is comprised of tax-exempt municipal securities issued by states, cities, counties, districts, their respective agencies and other tax-exempt issuers. The Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index is intended to track bonds that have been issued with the intention of funding federal, state
and local infrastructure projects such as water and sewer systems, public power systems, toll roads, bridges, tunnels, and many other public use projects.
As of July 31, 2022, the Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index consisted of 814 securities with an average amount outstanding of approximately $90 million and a minimum amount outstanding of approximately $30 million. The Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index is designed to hold only those bonds issued by state and local municipalities where the interest and principal repayments are generated from dedicated revenue streams or double-barreled entities (whose bonds are backed by both a dedicated revenue stream and a general obligation pledge).
The universe of municipal securities eligible for inclusion in the Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index are those municipal bonds that fulfill the following conditions:
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Subject to a public offering;
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Amount outstanding of each bond must be at least $40 million where, subject to the following additional conditions:
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Bonds with an amount outstanding of less than $100 million may only be included if they are issued after January 1, 2012.
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Bonds with an amount outstanding of more than $100 million may be included regardless of issue date.
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Deal size of at least $100 million;
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Federal tax free (bonds subject to the AMT and state and local taxes) may be included in the Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index without limit;
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Investment-grade rating by either Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group or Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.;
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Fixed-rate coupon payment (zero coupon bonds may not be included in the Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index);
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Bonds must not be pre-refunded / escrowed to maturity;
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Time to maturity must be at least 10 years or longer;
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Callable securities must not be callable within the next 5 years (the next call date must not lie in the next 5 years);
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Purpose of the bond proceeds must be for one of the following areas:
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Transportation (airports, seaports, bridges, toll roads, tunnels, parking facilities, or similar)
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Recreation (convention centers, stadiums, sports complexes, or similar)
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Utility (electric public power, water/sewer, sanitation, or similar)
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Industrial Economic Development (solid waste recovery, malls, shopping centers, or similar)
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The following industries are excluded: higher education, pollution control, housing, healthcare and tobacco;
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Proceeds of debt must be used for infrastructure purposes and principal and interest repayment must come from a pledged revenue source (e.g. tolls, sales tax, registration fees, user fees) or a double-barreled revenue stream (pledged revenue stream and a general obligation pledge);
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Municipal bonds, which are paid back solely using a general obligation pledge or an appropriation, may not be included;
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Municipal bonds from Puerto Rico which are classified as “Sales Tax” may not be included; and
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Municipal bonds where the obligor is a corporation may not be included.
All municipal bonds which meet the above requirements are included in the Underlying Index. The Underlying Index is rebalanced on the last business day of each month.
Newly issued municipal bonds which meet the requirements are generally added to the Underlying Index on the first business day of each month.
Additionally, on the first business day of each month, any Underlying Index components which no longer meet the above requirements are removed from the Underlying Index.
During extraordinary market conditions, the Index Provider may delay any scheduled reconstitution and rebalancing of the Underlying Index. During any such delay it is possible that the Underlying Index will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Municipal securities risk. Municipal instruments may be susceptible to periods of economic stress, which could affect the market values and marketability of many or all municipal obligations of issuers in a state, U.S. territory, or possession. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly stressed the financial resources of many municipal issuers, which may impair a municipal issuer’s ability to meet its financial obligations when due and could adversely impact the value of its bonds, which could negatively impact the performance of the fund. Municipal securities are subject to the risk that litigation, legislation or other political events, local business or economic conditions or the bankruptcy of the issuer could have a significant effect on an issuer’s ability to make payments of principal and/or interest. In addition, there is a risk that, as a result of the current economic crisis, the ability of any issuer to pay, when due, the principal or interest on its municipal bonds may be materially affected. Certain municipalities may have difficulty meeting their obligations due
to, among other reasons, changes in underlying demographics. Municipal securities can be significantly affected by political changes as well as uncertainties in the municipal market related to taxation, legislative changes or the rights of municipal security holders. Because many municipal securities are issued to finance similar projects, especially those relating to education, health care, transportation, utilities and water and sewer, conditions in those sectors can affect the overall municipal market. A number of municipalities have had significant financial problems recently, and these and other municipalities could, potentially, continue to experience significant financial problems resulting from lower tax revenues and/or decreased aid from state and local governments in the event of an economic downturn. This could potentially decrease the Fund’s income or hurt its ability to preserve capital and liquidity. In addition, changes in the financial condition of an individual municipal issuer can affect the overall municipal market. Municipal securities may include revenue bonds, which are generally backed by revenue from a specific project or tax. The issuer of a revenue bond makes interest and principal payments from revenues generated from a particular source or facility, such as a tax on particular property or revenues generated from a municipal water or sewer utility or an airport. Revenue bonds generally are not backed by the full faith and credit and general taxing power of the issuer. Municipal securities backed by current or anticipated revenues from a specific project or specific assets can be negatively affected by the discontinuance of the taxation supporting the project or assets or the inability to collect revenues for the project or from the assets due to factors such as lower property tax collections as a result of lower home values, lower sales tax revenues as a result of consumers cutting back spending and lower income tax revenues as a result of a higher unemployment rate. In addition, since some municipal obligations may be secured or guaranteed by banks and other institutions, the risk to the Fund could increase if the banking or financial sector suffers an economic downturn and/or if the credit ratings of the institutions issuing the guarantee are downgraded or at risk of being downgraded by a national rating organization.
If the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) determines that an issuer of a municipal security has not complied with applicable tax requirements, interest from the security could become taxable and the security could decline significantly in value. The market for municipal bonds may be less liquid than for taxable bonds. There may also be less information available on the financial condition of issuers of municipal securities than for public corporations. This means that it may be harder to buy and sell municipal securities, especially on short notice, and municipal securities may be more difficult for the Fund to value accurately than securities of public corporations. Since the Fund invests a significant portion of its portfolio in municipal securities, the Fund’s portfolio may have greater exposure to liquidity risk than a fund that invests in non-municipal securities.
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In addition, the value and liquidity of many municipal securities decreased as a result of the financial crisis, which has also adversely affected many municipal securities issuers and may continue to do so. The markets for many credit instruments, including municipal securities, have experienced periods of illiquidity and extreme volatility since the latter half of 2007. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting global economic downturn, governmental cost burdens may be reallocated among federal, state and local governments. In addition, issuers of municipal securities may seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. Many state and local governments that issue municipal securities are currently under significant economic and financial stress and may not be able to satisfy their obligations. The taxing power of any governmental entity may be limited and an entity’s credit may depend on factors which are beyond the entity’s control.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may
be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Inflation risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the real value of certain assets or real income from investments (the value of such assets or income after accounting for inflation) will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. Inflation, and investors’ expectation of future inflation, can impact the current value of the fund's portfolio, resulting in lower asset values and losses to shareholders. This risk may be elevated compared to historical market conditions because of recent monetary policy measures and the current interest rate environment.
Fixed income securities risk. Fixed-income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer, willingness of broker-dealers and other market participants to make markets in the applicable securities, and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk). Lower rated fixed-income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled.
Private activity bonds risk. The issuers of private activity bonds in which the fund may invest may be negatively impacted by conditions affecting either the general credit of the user of the private activity project or the project itself. Conditions such as regulatory and environmental restrictions and economic downturns may lower the need for these facilities and the ability of users of the project to pay for the facilities. This could cause a decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s private activity bond holdings also may pay interest subject to the AMT. See “Taxes” for more details.
Industrial development bond risk. These revenue bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to obtain funds to finance various public and/or privately operated facilities, including those for business and manufacturing, housing, sports, pollution control, airport, mass transit, port and parking facilities. These bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax payments. Consequently, the credit quality of these securities is dependent upon the ability of the user of the facilities financed by the bonds and any guarantor to meet its financial obligations. Payment of interest on and repayment of principal on such
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bonds are the responsibility of the user and/or any guarantor. These bonds are subject to a wide variety of risks, many of which relate to the nature of the specific project. Generally, the value and credit quality of these bonds are sensitive to the risks related to an economic slowdown.
Special tax bond risk. Special tax bonds are usually backed and payable through a single tax, or series of special taxes such as incremental property taxes. The failure of the tax levy to generate adequate revenue to pay the debt service on the bonds may cause the value of the bonds to decline. Adverse conditions and developments affecting a particular project may result in lower revenues to the issuer of the municipal securities, which may adversely affect the value of the fund’s portfolio.
Transportation bond risk. Transportation bonds may be issued to finance the construction of airports, toll roads, highways or other transit facilities. Airport bonds are dependent on the general stability of the airline industry and on the stability of a specific carrier who uses the airport as a hub. Air traffic generally follows broader economic trends and is also affected by the price and availability of fuel. Toll road bonds are also affected by the cost and availability of fuel as well as toll levels, the presence of competing roads and the general economic health of an area. Fuel costs and availability also affect other transportation related securities, as do the presence of alternate forms of transportation, such as public transportation. Municipal securities that are issued to finance a particular transportation project often depend solely on revenues from that project to make principal and interest payments. Adverse conditions and developments affecting a particular project may result in lower revenues to the issuer of the municipal securities.
Water and sewer bond risk. Water and sewer revenue bonds are often considered to have relatively secure credit as a result of their issuer’s importance, monopoly status and generally unimpeded ability to raise rates. Despite this, lack of water supply due to insufficient rain, run off or snow pack is a concern that has led to past defaults. Further, public resistance to rate increases, costly environmental litigation and federal environmental mandates are challenges faced by issuers of water and sewer bonds.
Interest rate risk. When interest rates rise, prices of debt securities generally decline. The longer the duration of the fund’s debt securities, the more sensitive the fund will be to interest rate changes. (As a general rule, a 1% rise in interest rates means a 1% fall in value for every year of duration.) Interest rates can change in response to the supply and demand for credit, government and/or central bank monetary policy and action, inflation rates and other factors. Recent and potential future changes in monetary policy made by central banks or governments are likely to affect the level of interest rates. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and potential illiquidity and may detract from fund performance to the extent the fund
is exposed to such interest rates and/or volatility. Rising interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments — and therefore its share price as well — to decline. Although interest rates in the US remain at low levels, they have been rising and are expected to continue to increase in the near future. A rising interest rate environment may cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities and related markets on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of such securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Increased redemptions from the fund may force the fund to sell investments at a time when it is not advantageous to do so, which could result in losses. Recently, there have been signs of inflationary price movements. As such, fixed-income and related markets may experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. A sharp rise in interest rates could cause the value of the fund's investments to decline.
Credit risk. The fund’s performance could be hurt if an issuer of a debt security suffers an adverse change in financial condition that results in a payment default, security downgrade or inability to meet a financial obligation. Credit risk is greater for lower-rated securities. Credit ratings may not be an accurate assessment of credit risk.
Some securities issued by US government agencies or instrumentalities are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. Other securities that are supported only by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality are subject to greater credit risk than securities backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. This is because the US government might provide financial support, but has no obligation to do so, if there is a potential or actual loss of principal or failure to make interest payments.
Because of the rising US government debt burden, it is possible that the US government may not be able to meet its financial obligations or that securities issued by the US government may experience credit downgrades. Such a credit event may also adversely impact the financial markets.
For securities that rely on third-party guarantors to support their credit quality, the same risks may apply if the financial condition of the guarantor deteriorates or the guarantor ceases insuring municipal bonds. Because guarantors may insure many types of bonds, including subprime mortgage bonds and other high-risk bonds, their financial condition could deteriorate as a result of events that have little or no connection to securities owned by the fund.
Geographic focus risk. To the extent that the Underlying Index and the fund are significantly comprised of issuers in a single state, region or sector of the municipal securities market, performance can be more volatile than that of a fund that invests more broadly. As an example, factors affecting a state, region or sector, such as severe fiscal difficulties, an economic downturn, court rulings, increased expenditures on domestic security or reduced monetary
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support from the federal government, could over time impair the ability of a state, region or sector to repay its obligations.
Risks related to investing in New York. The fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in New York municipal bonds and, therefore, will have greater exposure to negative political, economic, regulatory or other developments within the State of New York, including the financial condition of its public authorities and political subdivisions, than a fund that invests in a broader base of securities. Unfavorable developments in any economic sector may have a substantial impact on the overall New York municipal market. As the nation’s financial capital, New York’s and New York City’s economy is heavily dependent on the financial sector and may be sensitive to economic problems affecting the sector. New York and New York City also face a particularly large degree of uncertainty from interest rate risk and equity market volatility. The New York and New York City economy tends to be more sensitive to monetary policy actions and to movements in the national and world economies than the economies of other states. Certain issuers of New York municipal bonds have experienced serious financial difficulties in the past and reoccurrence of these difficulties may impair the ability of certain New York issuers to pay principal or interest on their obligations.
Risks related to investing in California. The fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in municipal obligations of issuers located in the State of California. Provisions of the California Constitution and state statutes that limit the taxing and spending authority of California’s governmental entities may impair the ability of California issuers to pay principal and/or interest on their obligations. While California’s economy is broad, it does have major concentrations in high technology, manufacturing, entertainment, agriculture, tourism, construction and services, and may be sensitive to economic problems affecting those industries. Consequently, the fund may be affected by political, economic, regulatory and other developments within California and by the financial condition of California’s political subdivisions, agencies, instrumentalities and public authorities.
Any deterioration of California’s fiscal situation could increase the risk of investing in California municipal securities, including the risk of potential issuer default, and could heighten the risk that the prices of California municipal securities will experience greater volatility. Furthermore, any such deterioration could result in a downgrade of the credit rating of an issuer of California municipal securities. Future downgrades could reduce the market value of the securities held by the fund.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory
or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Certain other examples of focus risk in the municipal bond market are set forth below:
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Electric utilities bond risk. The electric utilities industry has been experiencing, and may continue to experience, increased competitive pressures. Federal legislation may open transmission access to any electricity supplier, although it is not presently known to what extent competition will evolve. Other risks include: (a) the availability and cost of fuel; (b) the availability and cost of capital; (c) the effects of conservation on energy demand; (d) the effects of rapidly changing environmental, safety and licensing requirements, and other federal, state and local regulations; (e) timely and sufficient rate increases and governmental limitations on rates charged to customers; (f) the effects of opposition to nuclear power; (g) increases in operating costs; and (h) obsolescence of existing equipment, facilities and products.
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Resource recovery bond risk. Resource recovery bonds are a type of revenue bond issued to build facilities such as solid waste incinerators or waste-to-energy plants. Typically, a private corporation is involved, at least during the construction phase, and the revenue stream is secured by fees or rents paid by municipalities for use of the facilities. These bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax receipts. Consequently, the credit quality of these securities is dependent upon the ability of the user of the facilities financed by the bonds and any guarantor to meet its financial obligations. The viability of a resource recovery project, environmental protection regulations, and project operator tax incentives may affect the value and credit quality of resource recovery bonds.
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Lease obligations risk. Lease obligations may have risks not normally associated with general obligation or other revenue bonds. Leases and installment purchase or conditional sale contracts (which may provide for title to the leased asset to pass eventually to the issuer) have developed as a means for governmental issuers to acquire property and equipment without the necessity of complying with the constitutional statutory requirements generally applicable for the issuance of debt.
Certain lease obligations contain “non-appropriation” clauses that provide that the governmental issuer has no obligation to make future payments under the lease or contract unless money is appropriated for that purpose
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by the appropriate legislative body on an annual or other periodic basis. Consequently, continued lease payments on those lease obligations containing “non-appropriation” clauses are dependent on future legislative actions. If these legislative actions do not occur, the holders of the lease obligation may experience difficulty in exercising their rights, including disposition of the property.
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Municipal bond market risk. Deteriorating market conditions might cause a general weakness in the market that reduces the prices of securities in that market. Developments in a particular class of debt securities or the stock market could also adversely affect the fund by reducing the relative attractiveness of debt securities as an investment. Also, to the extent that the fund emphasizes debt securities from any given state or region, it could be hurt if that state or region does not do well.
Prepayment and extension risk. When interest rates fall, issuers of high interest debt obligations may pay off the debts earlier than expected (prepayment risk), and the fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower yields. When interest rates rise, issuers of lower interest debt obligations may pay off the debts later than expected (extension risk), thus keeping the fund’s assets tied up in lower interest debt obligations. Ultimately, any unexpected behavior in interest rates could increase the volatility of the fund’s share price and yield and could hurt fund performance. Prepayments could also create capital gains tax liability in some instances.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market and the reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities. Liquidity risk also may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where investor redemptions from fixed income mutual funds or ETFs may be higher than normal, causing increased supply in the market due to selling activity. It may also be the case that
other market participants may be attempting to liquidate fixed-income holdings at the same time as the fund, causing increased supply in the market and contributing to liquidity risk and downward pricing pressure.
Tax risk. Income from municipal securities held by the fund could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or state tax authorities, or noncompliant conduct of a securities issuer. In addition, because municipal securities that pay interest subject to the AMT may be included in the Underlying Index without limit, the fund may invest an unlimited amount of its net assets in municipal securities whose income is subject to the AMT. Further, a portion of the fund’s otherwise exempt-interest distributions may be taxable to those shareholders subject to the AMT.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may prevent the fund from being able to realize full value and thus sell a security for its full valuation. This could cause a material decline in the fund’s net asset value.
Issuer-specific risk. The value of an individual security or particular type of security may be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the
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Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Tracking error risk. The fund may be subject to tracking error, which is the divergence of the fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of the Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure in order to track the Underlying Index. To the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index), such approach may cause the fund’s return to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to government imposed legal restrictions or limitations, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its net asset value based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on market prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the
Underlying Index may be adversely affected. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
The need to comply with the tax diversification and other requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, may also impact the fund’s ability to replicate the performance of the Underlying Index. In addition, if the fund utilizes derivative instruments or holds other instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, the fund’s return may not correlate as well with the returns of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all the securities in the Underlying Index directly. Actions taken in response to proposed corporate actions could result in increased tracking error.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any
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exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market
events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may
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Fund Details
be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Other Policies and Risks
While the previous pages describe the main points of the fund’s strategy and risks, there are a few other matters to know about:
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The policy of investing at least 80% of net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities issued by municipalities across the United States and its territories which are classified as “municipal infrastructure revenue” bonds based on the Underlying Index’s criteria, whose income is free from regular federal income tax, is a fundamental policy and cannot be changed without shareholder approval. Certain other fundamental policies of the fund are set forth in the SAI. Each of the fund’s other policies described herein, including the investment objective, constitutes a non-fundamental policy that may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval.
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Because the fund seeks to track its Underlying Index, the fund does not invest defensively and the fund will not invest in money market instruments or other short-term investments as part of a temporary defensive strategy to protect against potential market declines.
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The fund may borrow money from a bank up to a limit of 10% of the value of its assets, but only for temporary or emergency purposes.
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From time to time a third party, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may invest in the fund and hold its investment for a specific period of time in order for the fund to achieve size or scale. There can be no assurance that any such entity would not redeem its investment or that the size of the fund would be maintained at such levels. In order to comply with applicable law, it is possible that the Advisor or its affiliates, to the extent they are invested in the fund, may be required to redeem some or all of their ownership interests in the fund prematurely or at an inopportune time.
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Secondary market trading in fund shares may be halted by a stock exchange because of market conditions or other reasons. In addition, trading in fund shares on a stock exchange or in any market may be subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to “circuit breaker” rules on the exchange or market. If a trading halt or unanticipated early closing of a stock exchange occurs, a shareholder may be unable to purchase or sell shares of the fund. There can be no assurance that the requirements necessary to maintain the listing or trading of fund shares will continue to be met or will remain unchanged or that shares will trade with any volume, or at all, in any secondary market. As with all other exchange traded securities, shares may be sold short and may experience increased volatility and price decreases associated with such trading activity.
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From time to time, the fund may have a concentration of shareholder accounts holding a significant percentage of shares outstanding. Investment activities of these shareholders could have a material impact on the fund. For example, the fund may be used as an underlying investment for other registered investment companies.
Portfolio Holdings Information
A description of DBX ETF Trust’s (“Trust”) policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the fund’s portfolio securities is available in the fund’s SAI. The top holdings of the fund can be found at Xtrackers.com. Fund fact sheets provide information regarding the fund’s top holdings and may be requested by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS).
Who Manages and Oversees the Fund
The Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC (“Advisor”), with headquarters at 875 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022, is the investment advisor for the fund. Under the oversight of the Board, the Advisor makes the investment decisions, buys and sells securities for the fund and conducts research that leads to these purchase and sale decisions.
The Advisor is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA (“DWS Group”), a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG.
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Founded in 2010, the Advisor managed approximately $19 billion in 35 operational exchange-traded funds, as of August 31, 2022.
DWS represents the asset management activities conducted by DWS Group or any of its subsidiaries, including the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors.
DWS is a global organization that offers a wide range of investing expertise and resources, including hundreds of portfolio managers and analysts and an office network that reaches the world’s major investment centers. This well- resourced global investment platform brings together a wide variety of experience and investment insight across industries, regions, asset classes and investing styles.
The Advisor may utilize the resources of its global investment platform to provide investment management services through branch offices or affiliates located outside the US. In some cases, the Advisor may also utilize its branch offices or affiliates located in the US or outside the US to perform certain services, such as trade execution, trade matching and settlement, or various administrative, back-office or other services. To the extent services are performed outside the US, such activity may be subject to both US and foreign regulation. It is possible that the jurisdiction in which the Advisor or its affiliate performs such services may impose restrictions or limitations on portfolio transactions that are different from, and in addition to, those in the US.
Management Fee. Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of the fund, including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement (also known as a “unitary advisory fee”), interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
For its services to the fund, during the most recent fiscal year, the Advisor received aggregate unitary advisory fees at the following annual rates as a percentage of the fund’s average daily net assets.
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A discussion regarding the basis for the Board's approval of the fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement is contained in the most recent annual report for the annual period ended May 31. For information on how to obtain shareholder reports, see the back cover.
Multi-Manager Structure. The Advisor and the Trust may rely on an exemptive order (the “Order”) from the SEC that permits the Advisor to enter into investment sub-advisory
agreements with unaffiliated and affiliated subadvisors without obtaining shareholder approval. The Advisor, subject to the review and approval of the Board, selects subadvisors for the fund and supervises, monitors and evaluates the performance of the subadvisor.
The Order also permits the Advisor, subject to the approval of the Board, to replace subadvisors and amend investment subadvisory agreements, including fees, without shareholder approval whenever the Advisor and the Board believe such action will benefit the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor thus has the ultimate responsibility (subject to the ultimate oversight of the Board) to recommend the hiring and replacement of subadvisors as well as the discretion to terminate any subadvisor and reallocate the fund’s assets for management among any other subadvisor(s) and itself. This means that the Advisor is able to reduce the subadvisory fees and retain a larger portion of the management fee, or increase the subadvisory fees and retain a smaller portion of the management fee. Pursuant to the Order, the Advisor is not required to disclose its contractual fee arrangements with any subadvisor. The Advisor compensates the subadvisor out of its management fee.
Management
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
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Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
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Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
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BS in Finance, Boston College.
Brandon Matsui, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
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Joined DWS in 2016 with 12 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was a relationship manager in the Portfolio Analytics Group at BlackRock Solutions. Previously, he managed overlay accounts at BNY Mellon Beta Management, and was a senior portfolio manager for fixed income ETFs and mutual funds at Charles Schwab Investment Management.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BS in History, University of California, Irvine; MBA in Finance, University of Hawaii; Financial Risk Certification holder.
Benjamin Spalding, CESGA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2017 as part of the Passive Product Development team in New York.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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BA in Finance and Government from The College of William & Mary. He is an EFFAS Certified ESG Analyst (CESGA).
Deepak Yadav, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined DWS in 2019. Prior to this he spent seven years at DB Prime Brokerage and Delta One equity trading gathering expertise in equity repurchase agreements and dividend risk pricing for indexed products. Previously, he worked in the DWS London office with the Equity ETF PE team.
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Fixed Income Portfolio Manager, Passive Asset Management: New York.
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MBA from IIM Indore (India); BTech in Computer Science from VIT Vellore (India).
The fund’s Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about a portfolio manager’s investments in the fund, a description of the portfolio management compensation structure and information regarding other accounts managed.
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Additional shareholder information, including how to buy and sell shares of the fund, is available free of charge by calling toll-free: 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS) or visiting our website at Xtrackers.com.
Buying and Selling Shares
Shares of the fund are listed for trading on a national securities exchange during the trading day. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day at market prices like shares of other publicly-traded companies. The Trust does not impose any minimum investment for shares of the fund purchased on an exchange. Buying or selling fund shares involves two types of costs that may apply to all securities transactions. When buying or selling shares of the fund through a broker, you will likely incur a brokerage commission or other charges determined by your broker. In addition, you may incur the cost of the “spread” – that is, any difference between the bid price and the ask price. The commission is frequently a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell small amounts of shares. The spread varies over time for shares of the fund based on its trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has a lot of trading volume and market liquidity and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity.
Shares of the fund may be acquired or redeemed directly from the fund only in Creation Units or multiples thereof, as discussed in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Creations and Redemptions.” Only an AP may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund. Once created, shares of the fund generally trade in the secondary market in amounts less than a Creation Unit.
The Board has evaluated the risks of market timing activities by the fund’s shareholders. The Board noted that shares of the fund can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the fund in Creation Units by APs and that the vast majority of trading in the fund’s shares occurs on the secondary market. Because the secondary market trades do not involve the fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With regard to the purchase or redemption of
Creation Units directly with the fund, to the extent effected in-kind (i.e., for securities), such trades do not cause any of the harmful effects (as previously noted) that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that such trades could result in dilution to the fund and increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that the fund’s shares trade at or close to NAV. In addition, the fund imposes both fixed and variable transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of fund shares to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by the fund in effecting trades. These fees increase if an investor substitutes cash in part or in whole for securities, reflecting the fact that the fund’s trading costs increase in those circumstances. Given this structure, the Board determined that with respect to the fund it is not necessary to adopt policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of the fund’s shares.
Investments in a fund by other registered investment companies are subject to certain limitations imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Such registered investment companies may invest in a fund beyond the applicable limitations imposed by the 1940 Act pursuant to the terms and conditions of a rule enacted by the SEC, which includes a requirement that such registered investment companies enter into an agreement with the Trust.
Shares of the fund trade on the exchange and under the ticker symbol as shown in the table below.
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Book Entry
Shares of the fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of the fund and is recognized as the owner of all shares for all purposes.
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Investors owning shares of the fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for shares of the fund. DTC participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you hold in book-entry or “street name” form.
Share Prices
The trading prices of the fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from the fund’s daily NAV per share and are affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. Information regarding the intraday value of shares of the fund, also known as the “indicative optimized portfolio value” (“IOPV”), is disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which the fund’s shares are listed or by market data vendors or other information providers. The IOPV is based on the current market value of the securities and/or cash required to be deposited in exchange for a Creation Unit. The IOPV does not necessarily reflect the precise composition of the current portfolio of securities held by the fund at a particular point in time nor the best possible valuation of the current portfolio. Therefore, the IOPV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV, which is computed only once a day. The IOPV is generally determined by using both current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities held by the fund. The quotations of certain fund holdings may not be updated during US trading hours if such holdings do not trade in the US. The fund is not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the IOPV and makes no representation or warranty as to its accuracy.
Determination of Net Asset Value
The NAV of the fund is generally determined once daily Monday through Friday as of the regularly scheduled close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each day that the NYSE is open for trading. NAV is calculated by deducting all of the fund’s liabilities from the total value of its assets and dividing the result by the number of shares outstanding, rounding to the nearest cent. All valuations are subject to review by the Trust’s Board or its delegate.
The Trust’s Board has designated the Advisor as the valuation designee for the fund pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor’s Pricing Committee typically
values securities using readily available market quotations or prices supplied by independent pricing services (which are considered fair values under Rule 2a-5).
The Advisor has adopted fair valuation procedures that provide methodologies for fair valuing securities when pricing service prices or market quotations are not readily available, including when a security’s value or a meaningful portion of the value of the fund’s portfolio is believed to have been materially affected by a significant event such as a natural disaster, an economic event like a bankruptcy filing, or a substantial fluctuation in domestic or foreign markets that has occurred between the close of the exchange or market on which the security is principally traded (for example, a foreign exchange or market) and the close of the New York Stock Exchange. In such a case, the fund’s value for a security is likely to be different from the last quoted market price or pricing service prices. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, it is possible that the value determined for a particular asset may be materially different from the value realized upon such asset’s sale. In addition, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s NAV and the prices used by the fund’s Underlying Index. This may adversely affect the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. With respect to securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges, the value of the fund’s portfolio securities may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or sell your shares.
The approximate value of shares of the applicable fund, an amount representing on a per share basis the sum of the current value of the deposit securities based on their then current market price and the estimated cash component will be disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association. Generally, trading in non-U.S. securities, U.S. government securities, money market instruments and certain fixed-income securities is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the fund are determined as of such earlier times. The value of the Underlying Index will not be calculated and disseminated intra-day. The value and return of the Underlying Index is calculated once each trading day by the Index Provider based on prices received from the respective markets.
Creations and Redemptions
Prior to trading in the secondary market, shares of the fund are “created” at NAV by market makers, large investors and institutions only in block-size Creation Units of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The size of a Creation Unit will be subject to change. Each “creator” or AP (which must be a DTC participant) enters into an authorized participant agreement (“Authorized Participant Agreement”) with the fund’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”), subject to acceptance
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by the Transfer Agent. Only an AP may create or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are issued and redeemed in exchange for a specific basket of securities approximating the holdings of the fund and a designated amount of cash. The fund may pay out a portion of its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares are not redeemable by the fund. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received in a form described in the Authorized Participant Agreement.
Additional information about the procedures regarding creation and redemption of Creation Units (including the cut-off times for receipt of creation and redemption orders) is included in the SAI.
The fund intends to comply with the US federal securities laws in accepting securities for deposits and satisfying redemptions with redemption securities, including that the securities accepted for deposits and the securities used to satisfy redemption requests will be sold in transactions that would be exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”). Further, an AP that is not a “qualified institutional buyer,” as such term is defined under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, will not be able to receive fund securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A.
Authorized Participants and the Continuous Offering of Shares
Because new shares may be created and issued on an ongoing basis, at any point during the life of the fund a “distribution,” as such term is used in the 1933 Act, may be occurring. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner that could render them statutory underwriters and subject to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act. Any determination of whether one is an underwriter must take into account all the relevant facts and circumstances of each particular case.
Broker-dealers should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary transactions), and thus dealing with shares that are part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the 1933 Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the 1933 Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153 under the 1933 Act is available only with respect to transactions on a national securities exchange.
Certain affiliates of the fund and the Advisor may purchase and resell fund shares pursuant to this Prospectus.
Transaction Fees
APs are charged standard creation and redemption transaction fees to offset transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. Purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units for cash are required to pay an additional variable charge (up to a maximum of 2% for redemptions, including the standard redemption fee) to compensate for brokerage and market impact expenses. The standard creation and redemption transaction fee for the fund is set forth in the table below. The maximum redemption fee, as a percentage of the amount redeemed, is 2%.
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Dividends and Distributions
General Policies. Dividends from net investment income, if any, are generally declared and paid monthly by the fund. Distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis for the fund. The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the fund’s status as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income or realized gains.
Dividends and other distributions on shares of the fund are distributed on a pro rata basis to beneficial owners of such shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC participants and indirect participants to beneficial owners as of the record date with proceeds received from the fund.
Dividend Reinvestment Service. No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by beneficial owners of the fund for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of the fund purchased in the secondary market. Taxable dividend distributions will be subject to US federal income tax whether received in cash or reinvested in additional shares.
Taxes
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in shares of the fund will be taxed. The US federal income tax information in this Prospectus is
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provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in shares of the fund.
Unless your investment in fund shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-advantaged retirement account, such as an IRA, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when the fund makes distributions or you sell fund shares.
US Federal Income Tax on Distributions
Distributions from the fund’s net investment income (other than tax-exempt interest and qualified dividend income), including distributions of income from securities lending and distributions out of the fund’s net short-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to you as ordinary income for US federal income tax purposes. Distributions by the fund of net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (capital gain dividends) are taxable for US federal income tax purposes to non-corporate shareholders as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long the shareholders have held the fund’s shares. The maximum individual US federal income rate applicable to long-term capital gains is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. As discussed below, an additional 3.8% Medicare tax may also apply to certain non-corporate shareholder’s distributions from the fund.
Dividends paid by the fund that are properly reported as exempt-interest dividends will not be subject to regular US federal income tax. The fund intends to invest its assets in a manner such that a significant portion of its dividend distributions to shareholders will generally be exempt from US federal income taxes. However, the fund may invest an unlimited amount of its net assets in municipal securities that generate interest income subject to the AMT. As a result, a portion of the exempt-interest dividends paid by the fund may be an item of tax preference to shareholders subject to the AMT. Depending on a shareholder’s state of residence, exempt-interest dividends from interest earned on municipal securities of a state or its political subdivisions may be exempt in the hands of such shareholder from income tax in that state. However, income from municipal securities of states other than the shareholder’s state of residence generally will not qualify for tax-free treatment for such shareholder in the shareholder's state of residence.
Generally, qualified dividend income includes dividend income from taxable US corporations and qualified non-US corporations, provided that the fund satisfies certain holding period requirements in respect of the stock of such corporations and has not hedged its position in the stock in certain ways. For this purpose, a qualified non-US corporation means any non-US corporation that is eligible for benefits under a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States which includes an exchange of information program or if the stock with respect to which the
dividend was paid is readily tradable on an established United States security market. The term excludes a corporation that is a passive foreign investment company.
Given the investment strategies of the fund, it is not anticipated that a significant portion of the dividends paid by the fund will be eligible to be reported as qualified dividend income (with respect to an individual or other non-corporate shareholder) or for the corporate dividends received deduction (with respect to a corporate shareholder).
Investments in certain debt obligations or other securities may cause the fund to recognize income in excess of the cash generated by them. Thus, the fund could be required at times to liquidate other investments in order to satisfy its distribution requirements.
In general, your distributions are subject to US federal income tax for the year when they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year.
Distributions in excess of the fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated for US federal income tax purposes as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s basis in his, her or its shares of the fund, and generally as a capital gain thereafter. Because a return of capital distribution will reduce the shareholder’s cost basis in his, her or its shares, a return of capital distribution may result in a higher capital gain or lower capital loss when those shares on which the distribution was received are sold.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a non-US entity, the fund’s ordinary income dividends (which include distributions of net short-term capital gains) will generally be subject to a 30% US withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies or unless such income is effectively connected with a US trade or business, provided that withholding tax will generally not apply to any gain or income realized by a non-US shareholder in respect of any distributions of long-term capital gains or upon the sale or other disposition of shares of the fund.
If you are a resident or a citizen of the United States, by law, back-up withholding (currently at a rate of 24%) will apply to your distributions (including exempt-interest dividends) and proceeds if you have not provided a taxpayer identification number or social security number and made other required certifications or if you are otherwise subject to back-up withholding.
US Federal Income Tax when Shares are Sold
Currently, any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares is generally treated as a long-term gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares held for one year or less is generally treated as short-term gain or loss. Any capital loss on the sale of shares held for six
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Investing in the Fund
months or less is disallowed to the extent that exempt interest dividends were paid with respect to such shares. In addition, any capital loss with respect to shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid with respect to such shares. Your ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
Medicare Tax
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of fund shares) of US individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the consequences under current US federal income tax law of an investment in the fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. You may also be subject to state, local and foreign taxation on fund distributions and sales of shares. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences of an investment in shares of the fund under all applicable tax laws.
Distribution
The Distributor distributes Creation Units for the fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in shares of the fund. The Distributor has no role in determining the policies of the fund or the securities that are purchased or sold by the fund. The Distributor’s principal address is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.
The Advisor and/or its affiliates may pay additional compensation, out of their own assets and not as an additional charge to the fund, to selected affiliated and unaffiliated brokers, dealers, participating insurance companies or other financial intermediaries (“financial representatives”) in connection with the sale and/or distribution of fund shares or the retention and/or servicing of fund investors and fund shares (“revenue sharing”). For example, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may compensate financial representatives for providing the fund with “shelf space” or access to a third party platform or fund offering list or other marketing programs, including, without limitation, inclusion of the fund on preferred or recommended sales lists, fund “supermarket” platforms and other formal sales programs; granting the Advisor and/ or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s sales force; granting the Advisor and/or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s conferences and meetings; assistance in training and educating the financial representative’s personnel; and obtaining other forms of marketing support.
The level of revenue sharing payments made to financial representatives may be a fixed fee or based upon one or more of the following factors: gross sales, current assets and/or number of accounts of the fund attributable to the financial representative, the particular fund or fund type or other measures as agreed to by the Advisor and/or its affiliates and the financial representatives or any combination thereof. The amount of these revenue sharing payments is determined at the discretion of the Advisor and/or its affiliates from time to time, may be substantial, and may be different for different financial representatives based on, for example, the nature of the services provided by the financial representative.
Receipt of, or the prospect of receiving, additional compensation may influence your financial representative’s recommendation of the fund. You should review your financial representative’s compensation disclosure and/or talk to your financial representative to obtain more information on how this compensation may have influenced your financial representative’s recommendation of the fund. Additional information regarding these revenue sharing payments is included in the fund’s Statement of Additional Information, which is available to you on request at no charge (see the back cover of this Prospectus for more information on how to request a copy of the Statement of Additional Information).
It is possible that broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions for the fund will also sell shares of the fund to their customers. However, the Advisor will not consider the sale of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for the fund. Accordingly, the Advisor has implemented policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent its traders from considering sales of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for the fund. In addition, the Advisor and/or its affiliates will not use fund brokerage to pay for their obligation to provide additional compensation to financial representatives as described above.
Premium/Discount Information
Information regarding how often shares of the fund traded on NYSE Arca at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the NAV of the fund during the past calendar year can be found at Xtrackers.com.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Investing in the Fund
The financial highlights are designed to help you understand recent financial performance. The figures in the first part of the table are for a single share. The total return figures represent the percentage that an investor in the fund would have earned (or lost), assuming all dividends and distributions were reinvested. This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the fund’s financial statements, is included in the fund’s Annual Report (see “For More Information” on the back cover).
Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
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Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
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Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 26 | Financial Highlights |
Index Providers and Licenses
Solactive, which is not an affiliate of the Advisor, is responsible for the rules-based methodology of the Solactive Indexes. Solactive is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, The Bank of New York Mellon, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates.
Solactive is responsible for administration and calculation of the Solactive Indexes. Solactive is responsible for implementing the methodology for the composition of the Underlying Index.
The Advisor has entered into a license agreement with Solactive to use the Underlying Index. All license fees are paid by the Advisor out of its own resources and not the assets of the fund.
Disclaimers
Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Solactive. Neither Solactive nor any other party makes any representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the fund or any member of the public regarding advisability of investing in funds generally or in this fund particularly or the ability of the Solactive Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond Index (the “Underlying Index”) to track general stock market performance. Solactive is the licensor of certain trademarks, service marks and trade names of Solactive and of the Underlying Index that are determined, composed and calculated by Solactive without regard to the Trust, the Advisor or the fund. Solactive has no obligation to take the needs of the Advisor or the owners of the fund into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the Underlying Index. Solactive is not responsible for and has not participated in the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of the fund to be issued or in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the fund are redeemable for cash. Neither Solactive nor any other party has any obligation or liability to owners of the fund in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the fund.
Although Solactive shall obtain information for inclusion in or for use in the calculation of the index from sources that Solactive considers reliable, neither Solactive nor any other party guarantees the accuracy and/or the completeness of the index or any data included therein. Solactive is not responsible for informing third parties, including but not limited to, investors and/or financial intermediaries of the fund, of errors in the index. Neither Solactive nor any other party makes any warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by licensee, licensee’s customers and counterparties, owners of the fund, or any other person or entity from the use of the index or any data included hereunder or for any other use. Neither Solactive nor any other party makes any express or implied warranties, and Solactive hereby expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to the index or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall Solactive or any other party have any liability for direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
Shares of the fund are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”). NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the fund or any member of the public regarding the ability of the fund to track the total return performance of its Underlying Index or the ability of the Underlying Index to track stock market performance. NYSE Arca is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the compilation or the calculation of the Underlying Index, nor in the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of shares of the fund to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares are redeemable. NYSE Arca has no obligation or liability to owners of the shares of the fund in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the shares of the fund.
NYSE Arca does not guarantee the accuracy and/or the completeness of the Underlying Index or any data included therein. NYSE Arca makes no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by the Trust on behalf of the fund as licensee, licensee’s customers and counterparties, owners of the shares of the fund, or any other person or entity from
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 27 | Appendix |
the use of the Underlying Index or any data included therein in connection with the rights licensed as described herein or for any other use. NYSE Arca makes no express or implied warranties and hereby expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to the Underlying Index or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall NYSE Arca have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
The Advisor does not guarantee the accuracy or the completeness of the Underlying Index or any data included therein and the Advisor shall have no liability for any errors, omissions or interruptions therein.
The Advisor makes no warranty, express or implied, to the owners of shares of the fund or to any other person or entity, as to results to be obtained by the fund from the use of the Underlying Index or any data included therein. The Advisor makes no express or implied warranties and expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with respect to the Underlying Index or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Advisor have any liability for any special, punitive, direct, indirect or consequential damages (including lost profits), even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 28 | Appendix |
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
XTRACKERS.COM
1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS)
Copies of the prospectus, SAI and recent shareholder reports, when available, can be found on our website at Xtrackers.com. For more information about the fund, you may request a copy of the SAI. The SAI provides detailed information about the fund and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. This means that the SAI, for legal purposes, is a part of this prospectus.
If you have any questions about the Trust or shares of the fund or you wish to obtain the SAI or shareholder report free of charge, please:
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1-855-329-3837 or 1-855-DBX-ETFS
(toll free) Monday through Friday
8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. (Eastern time)
E-mail: dbxquestions@list.db.com |
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DBX ETF Trust
c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc.
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000
Denver, Colorado 80203 |
Information about the fund (including the SAI), reports and other information about the fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s website at sec.gov, and
copies of this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
Householding is an option available to certain fund investors. Householding is a method of delivery, based on the preference of the individual investor, in which a single copy of certain shareholder documents can be delivered to investors who share the same address, even if their accounts are registered under different names. Please contact your broker-dealer if you are interested in enrolling in householding and receiving a single copy of prospectuses and other shareholder documents, or if you are currently enrolled in householding and wish to change your householding status.
No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about the fund and their shares not contained in this prospectus and you should not rely on any other information. Read and keep the prospectus for future reference.
Investment Company Act File No.: 811-22487
Prospectus
October 1, 2022
Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF |
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The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Your investment in a fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.
Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the CSI 300 Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 95% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investments results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expense, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to reflect the price fluctuation and performance of the China A-Share market and is composed of the 300 largest and most liquid stocks in the China A-Share market. The Underlying Index includes small-cap, mid-cap, and large-cap stocks. DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”) expects that, over time, the correlation between the fund’s performance and that of the Underlying Index, before fees and expenses, will be 95% or better. A figure of 100% would indicate perfect correlation.
A-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated and traded in renminbi (“RMB”) on stock exchanges in mainland China including the Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing Stock Exchanges. Under current regulations in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”), foreign investors can invest in the domestic PRC securities markets through certain market-access programs. These programs
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 1 | Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF |
include the Shanghai - Hong Kong and Shenzhen - Hong Kong Stock Connect programs (“Stock Connect”) and the Qualified Foreign Investor (“QFI”, including Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“QFII”) and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“RQFII”)) program, where investors will be required to obtain a license from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) to participate in the program.
Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing program between either the Shanghai Stock Exchange or Shenzhen Stock Exchange and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“SEHK”), China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited and Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited. Stock Connect is designed to permit mutual stock market access between mainland China and Hong Kong by allowing investors to trade and settle eligible securities (including A-shares and ETFs) on each market via their local exchanges. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum daily net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect. Accordingly, the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares will be limited in part by the Daily Quota that limits total purchases through Stock Connect.
Harvest Global Investments Limited (the “Subadvisor” or “HGI”) is a licensed RQFII and is regarded as a QFI under the prevailing rules and regulations in the PRC, and the fund may therefore invest in A-Shares via HGI’s QFI license. The Subadvisor, on behalf of the fund, thus also may invest in A-Shares and other permitted China securities listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. QFIs have also registered with China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) to remit foreign currencies which can be traded on the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) in the PRC for the purpose of investing in the PRC’s domestic securities markets. Investment companies are not currently within the types of entities that are eligible for a QFI license.
The Subadvisor expects to use a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the Subadvisor expects to invest directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the Subadvisor to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the Subadvisor may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the
Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when the Subadvisor is using a representative sampling indexing strategy.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its total assets in securities of issuers that comprise the Underlying Index. The fund will seek to achieve its investment objective by primarily investing directly in A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect and/or via the Subadvisor’s QFI license. While the fund intends to invest primarily and directly in A-Shares, the fund also may invest in securities of issuers not included in the Underlying Index, certain derivative instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection) and other pooled investment vehicles, including affiliated and/or foreign investment companies, that the Advisor and/or Subadvisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. The remainder of the fund’s assets will be invested primarily in money market instruments and cash equivalents. Under normal circumstances, the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in A-Shares of Chinese issuers or in derivative instruments and other securities that provide investment exposure to A-Shares of Chinese issuers. The fund may invest in depositary receipts.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 300 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $155.78 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $22.9 billion. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced semi-annually every June and December. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials (19.59%), industrials (16.48%), consumer staples (15.31%) and information technology (15.08%) sectors. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
services and supplies. The consumer staples sector includes companies whose businesses are less sensitive to economic cycles, such as manufacturers and distributors of food, beverages and producers of non-durable household goods and personal products. The information technology sector includes companies engaged in developing software and providing data processing and outsourced services, along with manufacturing and distributing communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment and instruments. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
Shares of the fund are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by CSI or any affiliate of CSI and CSI bears no liability with respect to the fund or any security.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times
result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
Special risk considerations relating to investments in A-Shares. The Advisor’s ability to achieve the fund’s investment objective by investing in the component securities of the Underlying Index is dependent on the continuous availability of A-Shares. Because the fund will not be able to invest directly in A-Shares beyond the limits that may be imposed by Stock Connect and/or the QFI program, the size of the fund’s direct investment in A-Shares may be limited. If the fund is unable to access sufficient A-Shares, the Subadvisor may seek to gain exposure to the A-Share market by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, futures contracts, swaps and other derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles, including foreign and/or affiliated funds, that provide exposure to the A-Share market until additional access can be obtained. If the fund is unable to obtain sufficient exposure to the performance of the Underlying Index due to the unavailability of access to A-Shares or other investments that provide exposure to the performance of A-Shares, the fund could, among other actions, limit or suspend creations until the Subadvisor determines that the requisite exposure to the Underlying Index is obtainable. During the period that creations are limited or suspended, the fund could trade at a significant premium or discount to the NAV and could experience substantial redemptions. Alternatively, the fund could change its investment objective by, for example, seeking to track an alternative index that does not include A-Shares as its component securities, or decide to liquidate the fund.
On May 7, 2020, the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) and SAFE jointly issued the Regulations on Funds of Securities and Futures Investment by Foreign Institutional Investors (PBOC & SAFE Announcement [2020] No. 2) (the “Regulations”) which came into effect on June 6, 2020. The Regulations remove the quota restrictions on investment. However, there is no guarantee that the quotas will continue to be relaxed. On September 25, 2020, the CSRC, the PBOC, and the SAFE jointly issued the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Decree No. 176) and the CSRC issued the Provisions on Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Announcement [2020] No.63), which came into effect on November 1, 2020. The major revisions to the previous rules include merger of the QFII regime and RQFII regime, relaxation of qualification requirements and facilitating investment and operations of QFIIs and RQFIIs, expansion of investment scope and enhancing ongoing supervision. As of the date of this prospectus, this is a relatively new development, and their application may depend on the interpretation given by the relevant PRC authorities. The current QFI laws, rules and regulations are subject to change, which may take retroactive
effect. In addition, there can be no assurance that the QFI laws, rules and regulations will not be abolished. The fund which invests in the PRC markets through a QFI, may be adversely affected as a result of such changes.
Risks of investing through Stock Connect. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a number of restrictions that may affect the fund’s investments and returns. For example, trading through Stock Connect is subject to the Daily Quota, which may restrict or preclude the fund’s ability to invest in eligible securities through Stock Connect (“Stock Connect Securities”). In addition, investments made through Stock Connect are subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that are relatively untested in the PRC, which could pose risks to the fund. Moreover, Stock Connect Securities generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other than through Stock Connect in accordance with applicable rules. A primary feature of Stock Connect is the application of the home market’s laws and rules applicable to investors in securities. Therefore, the fund’s investments in Stock Connect Securities are generally subject to PRC securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions. Finally, while foreign investors currently are exempted from paying capital gains or value-added taxes on income and gains from investments in Stock Connect Securities, these PRC tax rules could be changed, which could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund.
Stock Connect will only operate on days when both the mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an investment in securities through Stock Connect may subject the fund to the risk of price fluctuations on days when the Chinese markets are open, but Stock Connect is not trading. The mainland Chinese and Hong Kong regulators have announced in August 2022 to enhance the trading calendar for Stock Connect, to allow Stock Connect trading on all the days which are trading days in both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets, even when the corresponding settlement days would be public holidays. However, as of the date of this Prospectus, such enhancements have not been implemented and detailed operational rules are yet to be issued. As such, it is uncertain how such enhanced trading calendar will be operated.
The Stock Connect program is a relatively new program. Further developments are likely and there can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether future developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect the fund’s investments or returns. In addition, the application and interpretation of the laws and regulations of Hong Kong and the PRC, and the rules, policies or guidelines published or applied by relevant regulators and exchanges in respect of the Stock Connect program are uncertain, and they may have a detrimental effect on the fund’s investments and returns.
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
Special risk considerations of investing in China. Investing in securities of Chinese issuers involves certain risks and considerations not typically associated with investing in securities of US issuers, including, among others, (i) more frequent (and potentially widespread) trading suspensions and government interventions with respect to Chinese issuers, resulting in lack of liquidity and in price volatility, (ii) currency revaluations and other currency exchange rate fluctuations or blockage, (iii) the nature and extent of intervention by the Chinese government in the Chinese securities markets (including both direct and indirect market stabilization efforts, which may affect valuations of Chinese issuers), whether such intervention will continue and the impact of such intervention or its discontinuation, (iv) the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets, (v) the risk that the Chinese government may decide not to continue to support economic reform programs, (vi) limitations on the use of brokers (or action by the Chinese government that discourages brokers from serving international clients), (vii) higher rates of inflation, (viii) greater political, economic and social uncertainty, (ix) higher market volatility caused by any potential regional territorial conflicts or natural disasters, (x) the risk of increased trade tariffs, embargoes and other trade or regulatory limitations, (xi) restrictions on foreign ownership, which require US investors to invest in offshore special purpose companies to obtain indirect exposure to Chinese issuers, (xii) custody risks associated with investing through Stock Connect, a QFI or other programs to access the Chinese securities markets, (xiii) both interim and permanent market regulations which may affect the ability of certain stockholders to sell Chinese securities when it would otherwise be advisable, (xiv) different and less stringent financial reporting standards, and (xv) increased political pressure from the US and other countries to restrict the ability of investors outside China to invest in Chinese issuers.
From time to time, and as recently as early 2020 with the coronavirus known as COVID-19, China has experienced outbreaks of infectious illnesses, and the country may be subject to other infectious illnesses, diseases or other public health emergencies in the future. Any public health emergency could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the fund’s investments. These risks may be heightened to the extent China pursues a “zero COVID” or similar strategy that attempts to eradicate the incidence of a disease for extended periods, thus leading to shutdowns or other interventions which affect the Chinese and/or global economy for periods beyond that which might be caused by the public health policies of other countries.
A-Shares tax risk. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the
fund or Underlying Fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in an issuer resident in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement or arrangement.
Since the respective inception of the Shanghai – Hong Kong and Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect programs, foreign investors (including the fund) investing in A-Shares through Stock Connect would be temporarily exempt from the PRC corporate income tax and value- added tax on the gains on disposal of such A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless reduced under a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax authority. Since November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted. The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has been paid by the fund, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. The fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s return could be substantial. The fund may also be liable to the Advisor or Subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on the Advisor or Subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares through the Advisor’s or Subadvisor’s QFI license become subject to repatriation restrictions or delays, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to regulated investment companies (“RICs”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), and be subject to tax at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow money to the extent necessary to distribute to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively, including with respect to the possible liability of the fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in the case of a QFI
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acting for a foreign investor such as the fund is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an RQFII would also be eligible for PRC Business Tax (“BT”) exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on the fund could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e., QFIIs continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from PRC value-added tax, which replaced the BT with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities, including A-Shares.
The PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are adverse to the fund and its shareholders.
If the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting capital gains taxes on such investments (whether made through Stock Connect or a QFI), the fund or Underlying Fund could be subject to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved (if any). The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s or Underlying Fund’s return could be substantial. The fund will be liable to the Advisor or Subadvisor for any Chinese tax that is imposed on the Advisor or Subadvisor with respect to the fund’s investments.
As described below under “Taxes – US Federal Income Tax on Distributions,” the fund may elect, for US federal income tax purposes, to treat Chinese taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the fund as paid by its shareholders. Even if the fund is qualified to make that election and does so, however, your ability to claim a credit or deduction for certain Chinese taxes may be limited under general US tax principles.
Should the Chinese government impose restrictions on the fund’s ability to repatriate funds associated with direct investment in A-Shares, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Code, and the fund may therefore be subject to fund-level US federal taxes.
Risks relating to QFI status. Because the fund does not satisfy the criteria to qualify as a QFI itself, the fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares via the Subadvisor’s QFI license and may also invest through Stock Connect. A revocation or elimination of the Subadvisor’s QFI license may not only adversely affect the ability of the fund to invest directly in A-Shares, but also the performance of pooled investment vehicles linked to the performance of A-Shares. Therefore, any such revocation or elimination may have a material adverse effect on the ability of the fund to achieve its investment objective. These risks are
compounded by the fact that at present there are only a limited number of firms and counterparties that have QFI status. In addition, the QFI license may be revoked by Chinese regulators if, among other things, the Subadvisor fails to observe SAFE and other applicable Chinese regulations, which could also lead to other adverse consequences, including the requirement that the fund dispose of its A-Shares holdings. Because the Subadvisor’s QFI license would be in the name of the Subadvisor rather than the fund, there is also a risk that regulatory actions taken against the Subadvisor by PRC government authorities may affect the fund.
In addition, there are custody risks associated with investing through a QFI. All A-Shares or other permissible securities acquired by a QFI are maintained by its local custodian in the PRC (“PRC sub-custodian”) in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations in the PRC, in one or more securities accounts in the names of the fund and the Subadvisor as the QFI. The Subadvisor may not use the account for any other purpose than for maintaining the fund’s assets. However, given that the securities trading account will be maintained in the name of the Subadvisor for the benefit of the fund, the fund’s assets may not be as well protected as they would be if it were possible for them to be registered and held solely in the name of the fund. In particular, there is a risk that creditors of the Subadvisor may assert that the securities are owned by the Subadvisor and not the fund, and that a court would uphold such an assertion, in which case creditors of the Subadvisor could seize assets of the fund. Furthermore, cash deposited in the cash account of the fund with the PRC sub-custodian will not be segregated but will be a debt owing from the PRC sub-custodian to the fund as a depositor. Such cash will be co-mingled with cash that belongs to other clients or creditors of the PRC sub-custodian. In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation of the PRC sub-custodian, the fund will not have any proprietary rights to the cash deposited in such cash account, and the fund will become an unsecured creditor, ranking pari passu with all other unsecured creditors, of the PRC sub-custodian. The fund may face difficulty and/or encounter delays in recovering such debt, or may not be able to recover it in full or at all, in which case the fund will suffer losses.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the
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risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Currency and repatriation risk. The Underlying Index is calculated in onshore RMB (CNY), whereas the fund’s reference currency is the US dollar. As a result, the fund’s return may be adversely affected by currency exchange rates. Further, although offshore RMB and onshore RMB are the same currency, they trade at different rates. To the extent the fund needs to exchange offshore RMB and onshore RMB, any divergence between offshore RMB and onshore RMB may adversely impact shareholders. The value of the US dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, global energy prices, political instability and government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currencies by a country’s government.
In addition, the Chinese government heavily regulates the domestic exchange of foreign currencies within China. Chinese law requires that all domestic transactions must be settled in RMB, places significant restrictions on the remittance of foreign currencies, and strictly regulates currency exchange from RMB. There is no assurance that there will always be sufficient amounts of RMB for the fund to remain fully invested. Repatriations by QFIs are currently not subject to repatriation restrictions or prior regulatory approval, although a review on authenticity and
compliance will be conducted on each remittance and repatriation by the PRC sub-custodian appointed by the QFI. The repatriation process may be subject to certain requirements set out in the relevant regulations such as submission of certain documents, and completion of the repatriation process may be subject to delay. Furthermore, as the PRC sub-custodian’s review on authenticity and compliance is conducted on each repatriation, the repatriation may be delayed or even rejected by the PRC sub-custodian in case of non-compliance with the QFI rules and regulations. In such case, redemption proceeds will be paid to the redeeming investors as soon as practicable after completion of the repatriation of funds concerned. The actual time required for the completion of the relevant repatriation will be beyond the Subadvisor’s control. However, there is no assurance that Chinese rules and regulations will not change or that repatriation restrictions will not be imposed in the future. Further, such changes to the Chinese rules and regulations may be applied retroactively. Any restrictions on repatriation of the fund’s portfolio investments may have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to meet redemption requests.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Consumer staples sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer staples sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer staples sector. Companies in the consumer staples sector may be adversely affected by changes in the global economy, consumer spending,
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competition, demographics and consumer preferences, and production spending. Companies in the consumer staples sector are also affected by changes in government regulation, global economic, environmental and political events, economic conditions and the depletion of resources. In addition, companies in the consumer staples sector may be subject to risks pertaining to the supply of, demand for and prices of raw materials. The prices of raw materials fluctuate in response to a number of factors, including, without limitation, changes in government agricultural support programs, exchange rates, import and export controls, changes in international agricultural and trading policies, and seasonal and weather conditions.
Information technology sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the information technology sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the information technology sector. Information technology companies are particularly vulnerable to government regulation and competition, both domestically and internationally, including competition from foreign competitors with lower production costs. Information technology companies also face competition for services of qualified personnel. Additionally, the products of information technology companies may face obsolescence due to rapid technological development and frequent new product introduction by competitors. Finally, information technology companies are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights, the loss or impairment of which may adversely affect profitability.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or
accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
If the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments (including China A-Shares), the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Tracking error risk. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of its Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not
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factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure to the required levels in order to track the Underlying Index. In addition, to the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index) it may cause the fund to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to legal restrictions or limitations imposed by the governments of certain countries, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its NAV based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on securities’ closing prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. The performance of the fund also may diverge from that of the Underlying Index if the Advisor and/or Subadvisor seek to gain exposure to A-Shares by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles because the Stock Connect Daily Quota has been exhausted or the Subadvisor is unable to maintain its QFI status. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from
the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. The bid/ask spread of the fund may be wider in comparison to the bid/ask spread of other ETFs, due to the Fund’s exposure to A-Shares. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Valuation risk. Because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or
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confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Cash transactions risk. Unlike most other ETFs, the fund expects to effect its creations and redemptions principally for cash, rather than in-kind securities. Paying redemption proceeds in cash rather than through in-kind delivery of portfolio securities may require the fund to dispose of or sell portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds at an inopportune time. This may cause the fund to recognize gains or losses that
it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in- kind. As a result, the fund may pay out higher or lower annual capital gains distributions than ETFs that redeem in kind. Only APs who have entered into an agreement with the fund’s distributor may redeem shares from the fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Portfolio turnover risk. The fund may experience frequent portfolio turnover due to the reconstituting and rebalancing of the Underlying Index. A portfolio turnover rate of 200%, for example, is equivalent to the fund buying and selling all of its securities two times during the course of the year. A high portfolio turnover rate could result in high brokerage costs and may result in higher taxes when fund shares are held in a taxable account.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
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Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
shares |
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CSI 300 Index (reflects
no deductions for fees,
expenses or taxes) |
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MSCI ACWI ex USA
Index (reflects no deduc-
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Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Subadvisor
Harvest Global Investments Limited
Portfolio Managers
Kevin Sung, CFA, FRM, CESGA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2018.
Vicky Hsu, CFA, CESGA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2021.
West Wang, CFA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem
shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI China A Inclusion Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 18% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the equity market performance of China A-Shares that are accessible through the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (“Shanghai Connect”) or the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (“Shenzhen Connect,” and together with Shanghai Connect, “Stock Connect”). “A-Shares” are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated in renminbi (“RMB”). Certain eligible A-Shares are traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (“SSE”) or Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”). The Underlying Index is designed to track the inclusion of A-Shares in the MSCI Emerging Markets Index over time and is constructed by MSCI, Inc. (the “Index Provider” or “MSCI”) by applying eligibility criteria for the MSCI Global Investable Market Indexes (“GIMI”), and then excluding small-capitalization A-Shares (as determined by MSCI), A-Shares suspended for trading for more than 50 days in the past 12 months and A-Shares that are not
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 12 | Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF |
accessible through Stock Connect. The Underlying Index is weighted by each issuer’s free float-adjusted market capitalization (i.e., includes only shares that are readily available for trading in the market) available to foreign investors and includes only large-capitalization companies, as determined by MSCI. The fund intends to invest in A-Shares included in the Underlying Index primarily through Stock Connect. Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing program with an aim to achieve mutual stock market access between the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”) and Hong Kong. Stock Connect was developed by Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited, the SSE (in the case of Shanghai Connect) or the SZSE (in the case of Shenzhen Connect), and China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited (“CSDCC”). Under Stock Connect, the fund’s trading of eligible A-Shares listed on the SSE or the SZSE, as applicable, would be effectuated through DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”). Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect, and as such, buy orders for A-Shares would be rejected once the Daily Quota is exceeded (although the fund will be permitted to sell A-Shares regardless of the Daily Quota balance). The Daily Quota is not specific to the fund, but to all investors investing through the Stock Connect. From time to time, other stock exchanges in China may participate in Stock Connect, and A-Shares listed and traded on such other stock exchanges and accessible through Stock Connect may be added to the Underlying Index, as determined by MSCI.
Under current regulations in China, foreign investors can also invest in the PRC’s domestic securities markets through certain market-access programs. These programs include the Qualified Foreign Investor (“QFI”, including Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“QFII”) and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“RQFII”)) program, where investors will be required to obtain a license from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) in order to participate in the program. QFIs will also need to register with China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) to remit foreign currencies which can be traded on the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) in the PRC for the purpose of investing in the PRC’s domestic securities markets. Investment companies are not currently within the types of entities that are eligible for a QFI license.
The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect, but, in the future, may also utilize a QFI license applied for by and granted to the Advisor and/or a subadvisor subsequently appointed for the fund. In the event the Advisor obtains a QFI license, or appoints a
subadvisor that has such license, under certain circumstances, including when the fund’s ability to invest in A-Shares through Stock Connect is restricted as a result of the Daily Quota or otherwise, the Advisor and/or a subadvisor, on behalf of the fund, may invest in A-Shares and other permitted China securities listed on the SSE and SZSE through the QFI program. Accordingly, the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares will be limited in part by the Daily Quota of Stock Connect through the QFI program.
The Advisor expects to use a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the Advisor expects to invest directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the Advisor to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the Advisor may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when the Advisor is using a representative sampling indexing strategy.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its total assets in securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of issuers that comprise the Underlying Index. The fund will seek to achieve its investment objective by primarily investing directly in A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares via Stock Connect and, in the future, may also utilize any QFI license applied for by and granted to the Advisor and/or a subadvisor. While the fund intends to invest primarily and directly in A-Shares, the fund also may invest in securities of issuers not included in the Underlying Index, certain derivative instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection) and other pooled investment vehicles, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), whether or not managed by the Advisor, as well as foreign investment companies, that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. The remainder of the fund’s assets will be invested primarily in money market instruments and cash equivalents. Under normal circumstances, the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in A-Shares of Chinese issuers or in derivative instruments and other securities that provide investment exposure to A-Shares of Chinese issuers.
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Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 494 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $3.55 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $622 million. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced quarterly in February, May, August and November. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials (17.03%), industrials (16.68%) and consumer staples (16.62%) sectors. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. The consumer staples sector includes companies whose businesses are less sensitive to economic cycles, such as manufacturers and distributors of food, beverages and producers of non-durable household goods and personal products. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the
value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial
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markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Special risk considerations relating to investments in A-Shares. The Advisor’s ability to achieve its investment objective by investing in the component securities of the Underlying Index is dependent on the continuous availability of A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect, but, in the future, may also utilize a QFI license applied for by and granted to the Advisor and/or a subadvisor. Because the fund will not be able to invest directly in A-Shares beyond the Daily Quota to which Stock Connect is subject, the size of the fund’s direct investment in A-Shares may be limited. If the Daily Quota is or becomes inadequate to meet the investment needs of the fund or if the Advisor and/or subadvisor becomes unable to maintain its QFI status, the Advisor may seek to gain exposure to the A-Share market by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, futures contracts, swaps and other derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles, including foreign and/or affiliated funds, that provide exposure to the A-Share market until the Daily Quota accommodates the fund’s investment needs. A revocation in or elimination of the QFI license, or constraints of the Daily Quota, may not only adversely affect the ability of the fund to invest
directly in A-Shares, but also the performance of pooled investment vehicles linked to the performance of A-Shares. Therefore, any such revocation or elimination of the QFI license or the constraints of the Daily Quota may have a material adverse effect on the ability of the fund to achieve its investment objective.
These risks are compounded by the fact that at present there are only a limited number of firms and counterparties that have QFI status. In addition, a QFI license may be revoked by Chinese regulators if, among other things, the Advisor and/or a subadvisor fails to observe SAFE and other applicable Chinese regulations, which could also lead to other adverse consequences, including the requirement that the fund dispose of its A-Shares holdings. Because the Advisor’s and/or a subadvisor’s QFI license would be in the name of the Advisor and/or a subadvisor rather than the fund, there is also a risk that regulatory actions taken against the Advisor and/or a subadvisor by PRC government authorities may affect the fund. In addition, there are custody risks associated with investing through a QFI. All A-Shares or other permissible securities acquired by a QFI are maintained by its local custodian in the PRC (“PRC sub-custodian”) in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations in the PRC, in one or more securities accounts in the names of the fund and the Advisor and/or a subadvisor as the QFI. The Advisor and/or a subadvisor may not use the account for any other purpose than for maintaining the fund’s assets. However, given that the securities trading account will be maintained in the name of the Advisor and/or a subadvisor for the benefit of the fund, the fund’s assets may not be as well protected as they would be if it were possible for them to be registered and held solely in the name of the fund. In particular, there is a risk that creditors of the Advisor and/or a subadvisor may assert that the securities are owned by the Advisor and/or a subadvisor and not the fund, and that a court would uphold such an assertion, in which case creditors of the Advisor and/or a subadvisor could seize assets of the fund. Furthermore, cash deposited in the cash account of the fund with the PRC sub-custodian will not be segregated but will be a debt owing from the PRC sub-custodian to the fund as a depositor. Such cash will be co-mingled with cash that belongs to other clients or creditors of the PRC sub-custodian. In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation of the PRC sub-custodian, the fund will not have any proprietary rights to the cash deposited in such cash account, and the fund will become an unsecured creditor, ranking pari passu with all other unsecured creditors, of the PRC sub-custodian. The fund may face difficulty and/or encounter delays in recovering such debt, or may not be able to recover it in full or at all, in which case the fund will suffer losses.
If the fund is unable to obtain sufficient exposure to the performance of the Underlying Index due to the limited availability of the Daily Quota or other investments that provide exposure to the performance of A-Shares, the fund could, among other actions, limit or suspend creations
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Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF
until the Advisor determines that the requisite exposure to the Underlying Index is obtainable. During the period that creations are limited or suspended, the fund could trade at a significant premium or discount to the NAV and could experience substantial redemptions. Alternatively, the fund could change its investment objective by, for example, seeking to track an alternative index that does not include A-Shares as its component securities, or decide to liquidate the fund.
On May 7, 2020, the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) and SAFE jointly issued the Regulations on Funds of Securities and Futures Investment by Foreign Institutional Investors (PBOC & SAFE Announcement [2020] No. 2) (the “Regulations”) which came into effect on June 6, 2020. The Regulations remove the quota restrictions on investment. However, there is no guarantee that the quotas will continue to be relaxed. On September 25, 2020, the CSRC, the PBOC, and the SAFE jointly issued the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Decree No. 176) and the CSRC issued the Provisions on Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Announcement [2020] No.63), which came into effect on November 1, 2020. The major revisions to the previous rules include merger of the QFII regime and RQFII regime, relaxation of qualification requirements and facilitating investment and operations of QFIIs and RQFIIs, expansion of investment scope and enhancing ongoing supervision. As of the date of this prospectus, this is a relatively new development, and their application may depend on the interpretation given by the relevant PRC authorities. The current QFI laws, rules and regulations are subject to change, which may take retroactive effect. In addition, there can be no assurance that the QFI laws, rules and regulations will not be abolished. The fund, which may in the future invest in the PRC markets through a QFI, may be adversely affected as a result of such changes.
Risks of investing through Stock Connect. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a number of restrictions that may affect the fund’s investments and returns. For example, trading through Stock Connect is subject to the Daily Quota, which may restrict or preclude the fund’s ability to invest in eligible securities through Stock Connect (“Stock Connect Securities”). In addition, investments made through Stock Connect are subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that are relatively untested in the PRC, which could pose risks to the fund. Moreover, Stock Connect Securities generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other than through Stock Connect in accordance with applicable rules. A primary feature of Stock Connect is the application of the home market’s laws and rules applicable to investors
in securities. Therefore, the fund’s investments in Stock Connect Securities are generally subject to PRC securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions. Finally, while foreign investors currently are exempted from paying capital gains or value-added taxes on income and gains from investments in Stock Connect Securities, these PRC tax rules could be changed, which could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund.
Stock Connect will only operate on days when both the mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an investment in securities through Stock Connect may subject the fund to the risk of price fluctuations on days when the Chinese markets are open, but Stock Connect is not trading. The mainland Chinese and Hong Kong regulators have announced in August 2022 to enhance the trading calendar for Stock Connect, to allow Stock Connect trading on all the days which are trading days in both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets, even when the corresponding settlement days would be public holidays. However, as of the date of this Prospectus, such enhancements have not been implemented and detailed operational rules are yet to be issued. As such, it is uncertain how such enhanced trading calendar will be operated.
The Stock Connect program is a relatively new program. Further developments are likely and there can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether future developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect the fund’s investments or returns. In addition, the application and interpretation of the laws and regulations of Hong Kong and the PRC, and the rules, policies or guidelines published or applied by relevant regulators and exchanges in respect of the Stock Connect program are uncertain, and they may have a detrimental effect on the fund’s investments and returns.
Special risk considerations of investing in China. Investing in securities of Chinese issuers involves certain risks and considerations not typically associated with investing in securities of US issuers, including, among others, (i) more frequent (and potentially widespread) trading suspensions and government interventions with respect to Chinese issuers, resulting in lack of liquidity and in price volatility, (ii) currency revaluations and other currency exchange rate fluctuations or blockage, (iii) the nature and extent of intervention by the Chinese government in the Chinese securities markets (including both direct and indirect market stabilization efforts, which may affect valuations of Chinese issuers), whether such intervention will continue and the impact of such intervention or its discontinuation, (iv) the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets, (v) the risk that the Chinese government may decide not to continue to support economic reform programs, (vi) limitations on the use of brokers (or action by the Chinese government that discourages brokers from serving international clients), (vii) higher rates of inflation,
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(viii) greater political, economic and social uncertainty, (ix) higher market volatility caused by any potential regional territorial conflicts or natural disasters, (x) the risk of increased trade tariffs, embargoes and other trade or regulatory limitations, (xi) restrictions on foreign ownership, which require US investors to invest in offshore special purpose companies to obtain indirect exposure to Chinese issuers, (xii) custody risks associated with investing through Stock Connect, a QFI or other programs to access the Chinese securities markets, (xiii) both interim and permanent market regulations which may affect the ability of certain stockholders to sell Chinese securities when it would otherwise be advisable, (xiv) different and less stringent financial reporting standards, and (xv) increased political pressure from the US and other countries to restrict the ability of investors outside China to invest in Chinese issuers.
From time to time, and as recently as early 2020 with the coronavirus known as COVID-19, China has experienced outbreaks of infectious illnesses, and the country may be subject to other infectious illnesses, diseases or other public health emergencies in the future. Any public health emergency could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the fund’s investments. These risks may be heightened to the extent China pursues a “zero COVID” or similar strategy that attempts to eradicate the incidence of a disease for extended periods, thus leading to shutdowns or other interventions which affect the Chinese and/or global economy for periods beyond that which might be caused by the public health policies of other countries.
A-Shares tax risk. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund or Underlying Fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in an issuer resident in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement or arrangement.
Since the respective inception of the Shanghai – Hong Kong and Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect programs, foreign investors (including the fund) investing in A-Shares through Stock Connect would be temporarily exempt from the PRC corporate income tax and value- added tax on the gains on disposal of such A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless reduced under a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax authority. Since November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs,
with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted. The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has been paid by the fund, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. The fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s return could be substantial. The fund may also be liable to the Advisor or subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on the Advisor or subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares through the Advisor’s or subadvisor’s QFI license become subject to repatriation restrictions or delays, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to regulated investment companies (“RICs”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), and be subject to tax at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow money to the extent necessary to distribute to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively, including with respect to the possible liability of the fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in the case of a QFI acting for a foreign investor such as the fund is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an RQFII would also be eligible for PRC Business Tax (“BT”) exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on the fund could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e., QFIIs continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from PRC value-added tax, which replaced the BT with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities, including A-Shares.
The PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are adverse to the fund and its shareholders.
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If the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting capital gains taxes on such investments (whether made through Stock Connect or a QFI), the fund or Underlying Fund could be subject to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved (if any). The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s or Underlying Fund’s return could be substantial. The fund will be liable to the Advisor or subadvisor for any Chinese tax that is imposed on the Advisor or subadvisor with respect to the fund’s investments.
As described below under “Taxes – US Federal Income Tax on Distributions,” the fund may elect, for US federal income tax purposes, to treat Chinese taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the fund as paid by its shareholders. Even if the fund is qualified to make that election and does so, however, your ability to claim a credit or deduction for certain Chinese taxes may be limited under general US tax principles.
Should the Chinese government impose restrictions on the fund’s ability to repatriate funds associated with direct investment in A-Shares, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Code, and the fund may therefore be subject to fund-level US federal taxes.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Currency and repatriation risk. The Underlying Index is calculated in onshore RMB (CNY), whereas the fund’s reference currency is the US dollar. As a result, the fund’s return may be adversely affected by currency exchange rates. Further, although offshore RMB and onshore RMB are the same currency, they trade at different rates. To the extent the fund needs to exchange offshore RMB and onshore RMB, any divergence between offshore RMB and onshore RMB may adversely impact shareholders. The value of the US dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, global energy prices, political instability and government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currencies by a country’s government.
In addition, the Chinese government heavily regulates the domestic exchange of foreign currencies within China. Chinese law requires that all domestic transactions must be settled in RMB, places significant restrictions on the remittance of foreign currencies, and strictly regulates currency exchange from RMB. There is no assurance that there will always be sufficient amounts of RMB for the fund to remain fully invested. Repatriations by QFIs are currently not subject to repatriation restrictions or prior regulatory approval, although a review on authenticity and compliance will be conducted on each remittance and repatriation by the PRC sub-custodian appointed by the QFI. The repatriation process may be subject to certain requirements set out in the relevant regulations such as submission of certain documents, and completion of the repatriation process may be subject to delay. Furthermore, as the PRC sub-custodian’s review on authenticity and compliance is conducted on each repatriation, the repatriation may be delayed or even rejected by the PRC sub-custodian in case of non-compliance with the QFI rules and regulations. In such case, redemption proceeds will be paid to the redeeming investors as soon as practicable after completion of the repatriation of funds concerned. The actual time required for the completion of the relevant repatriation will be beyond the Advisor and/or a subadvisor’s control. However, there is no assurance that Chinese rules and regulations will not change or that repatriation restrictions will not be imposed in the future. Further, such changes to the Chinese rules and regulations
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Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF
may be applied retroactively. Any restrictions on repatriation of the fund’s portfolio investments may have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to meet redemption requests.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Consumer staples sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer staples sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer staples sector. Companies in the consumer staples sector may be adversely affected by changes in the global economy, consumer spending, competition, demographics and consumer preferences, and production spending. Companies in the consumer staples sector are also affected by changes in government regulation, global economic, environmental and political events, economic conditions and the depletion of resources. In addition, companies in the consumer staples sector may be subject to risks pertaining to the supply of, demand for and prices of raw materials. The prices of raw materials fluctuate in response to a number of factors, including, without limitation, changes in government agricultural support programs, exchange rates, import and export controls, changes in international agricultural and trading policies, and seasonal and weather conditions.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because
the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
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Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF
If the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments (including China A-Shares), the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Tracking error risk. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of its Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure to the required levels in order to track the Underlying Index. In addition, to the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index) it may cause the fund to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to legal restrictions or limitations imposed by the governments of certain countries, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its NAV based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on securities’ closing prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. The performance of the fund also may diverge from that of the Underlying
Index if the Advisor and/or subadvisor seek to gain exposure to A-Shares by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles because the Stock Connect Daily Quota has been exhausted. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. The bid/ask spread of the fund may be wider in comparison to the bid/ask spread of other ETFs, due to the Fund’s exposure to A-Shares. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing
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and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Valuation risk. Because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral)
and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Cash transactions risk. Unlike most other ETFs, the fund expects to effect its creations and redemptions principally for cash, rather than in-kind securities. Paying redemption proceeds in cash rather than through in-kind delivery of portfolio securities may require the fund to dispose of or sell portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds at an inopportune time. This may cause the fund to recognize gains or losses that it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in- kind. As a result, the fund may pay out higher or lower annual capital gains distributions than ETFs that redeem in kind. Only APs who have entered into an agreement with the fund’s distributor may redeem shares from the fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
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Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF
Prior to June 4, 2018, the fund operated with a different investment strategy. Performance would have been different if the fund’s current investment strategy had been in effect. Fund returns prior to June 4, 2018 reflect those of the fund when it was tracking the prior underlying index.
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
shares |
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MSCI China A Inclusion
Index (reflects no deduc-
tions for fees, expenses
or taxes) |
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MSCI ACWI ex USA
Index (reflects no deduc-
tions for fees, expenses
or taxes) |
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Effective June 4, 2018, the fund changed its underlying index to the MSCI China A Inclusion Index from the CSI 300 USD Hedged Index. Returns shown above for the MSCI China A Inclusion Index prior to June 4, 2018 reflect the performance of the CSI 300 USD Hedged Index.
Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2015.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
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Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF
Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the CSI 500 Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Total annual fund operating expenses |
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EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be
imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 62% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to reflect the price fluctuation and performance of small-cap companies in the China A-Share market and is composed of the 500 smallest and most liquid stocks in the China A-Share market. DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”) expects that, over time, the correlation between the fund’s performance and that of the Underlying Index, before fees and expenses, will be 95% or better. A figure of 100% would indicate perfect correlation.
A-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated and traded in renminbi (“RMB”) on stock exchanges in mainland China including the Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing Stock Exchanges. Under current regulations in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”), foreign investors can invest in the domestic PRC securities markets through certain market-access programs. These programs include the Shanghai - Hong Kong and Shenzhen - Hong
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Kong Stock Connect programs (“Stock Connect”) and the Qualified Foreign Investor (“QFI”, including Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“QFII”) and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“RQFII”)) program, where investors will be required to obtain a license from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) to participate in the program.
Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing program between either the Shanghai Stock Exchange or Shenzhen Stock Exchange, and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“SEHK”), China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited and Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited. Stock Connect is designed to permit mutual stock market access between mainland China and Hong Kong by allowing investors to trade and settle eligible securities (including A-shares and ETFs) on each market via their local exchanges. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum daily net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect. Accordingly, the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares will be limited in part by the Daily Quota that limits total purchases through Stock Connect.
Harvest Global Investments Limited (“HGI” or the “Subadvisor”) is a licensed RQFII and is regarded as a QFI under the prevailing rules and regulations in the PRC, and the fund may therefore invest in A-Shares via HGI's QFI license. The Subadvisor, on behalf of the fund, thus also may invest in A-Shares and other permitted China securities listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. QFIs have registered with China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) to remit foreign currencies which can be traded on the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) in the PRC for the purpose of investing in the PRC’s domestic securities markets. Investment companies are not currently within the types of entities that are eligible for a QFI license.
The Subadvisor expects to use a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the Subadvisor expects to invest directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the Subadvisor to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the Subadvisor may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to
have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when the Subadvisor is using a representative sampling indexing strategy.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its total assets in securities of issuers that comprise the Underlying Index. The fund will seek to achieve its investment objective by primarily investing directly in A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect and/or via the Subadvisor’s QFI license. While the fund intends to invest primarily and directly in A-Shares, the fund also may invest in securities of issuers not included in the Underlying Index, certain derivative instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection) and other pooled investment vehicles, including affiliated and/or foreign investment companies, that the Advisor and/or Subadvisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. The remainder of the fund’s assets will be invested primarily in money market instruments and cash equivalents. Under normal circumstances, the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in A-Shares of Chinese small-cap issuers or in derivative instruments and other securities that provide investment exposure to A-Shares of Chinese small-cap issuers. The fund may invest in depositary receipts.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 500 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $24.37 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $8.26 billion. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced semi-annually every December and June. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the materials (21.61%), industrials (19.33%) and information technology (15.17%) sectors. The materials sector includes companies that manufacture chemicals, construction materials, glass and paper products, as well as metals, minerals and mining companies. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. The information technology sector
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
includes companies engaged in developing software and providing data processing and outsourced services, along with manufacturing and distributing communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment and instruments. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
Shares of the fund are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by CSI or any affiliate of CSI and CSI bears no liability with respect to the fund or any security.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Special risk considerations relating to investments in A-Shares. The Advisor’s ability to achieve the fund’s investment objective by investing in the component securities of the Underlying Index is dependent on the continuous availability of A-Shares. Because the fund will not be able to invest directly in A-Shares beyond the limits that may be
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imposed by Stock Connect and/or the QFI program, the size of the fund’s direct investment in A-Shares may be limited. If the fund is unable to access sufficient A-Shares, the Subadvisor may seek to gain exposure to the A-Share market by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, futures contracts, swaps and other derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles, including foreign and/or affiliated funds, that provide exposure to the A-Share market until additional access can be obtained. If the fund is unable to obtain sufficient exposure to the performance of the Underlying Index due to the unavailability of access to A-Shares or other investments that provide exposure to the performance of A-Shares, the fund could, among other actions, limit or suspend creations until the Subadvisor determines that the requisite exposure to the Underlying Index is obtainable. During the period that creations are limited or suspended, the fund could trade at a significant premium or discount to the NAV and could experience substantial redemptions. Alternatively, the fund could change its investment objective by, for example, seeking to track an alternative index that does not include A-Shares as its component securities, or decide to liquidate the fund.
On May 7, 2020, the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) and SAFE jointly issued the Regulations on Funds of Securities and Futures Investment by Foreign Institutional Investors (PBOC & SAFE Announcement [2020] No. 2) (the “Regulations”) which came into effect on June 6, 2020. The Regulations remove the quota restrictions on investment. However, there is no guarantee that the quotas will continue to be relaxed. On September 25, 2020, the CSRC, the PBOC, and the SAFE jointly issued the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Decree No. 176) and the CSRC issued the Provisions on Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Announcement [2020] No.63), which came into effect on November 1, 2020. The major revisions to the previous rules include merger of the QFII regime and RQFII regime, relaxation of qualification requirements and facilitating investment and operations of QFIIs and RQFIIs, expansion of investment scope and enhancing ongoing supervision. As of the date of this prospectus, this is a relatively new development, and their application may depend on the interpretation given by the relevant PRC authorities. The current QFI laws, rules and regulations are subject to change, which may take retroactive effect. In addition, there can be no assurance that the QFI laws, rules and regulations will not be abolished. The fund which invests in the PRC markets through a QFI, may be adversely affected as a result of such changes.
Risks of investing through Stock Connect. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a number of restrictions that may affect the fund’s investments and returns. For example, trading through Stock Connect is subject to the Daily Quota, which may restrict or preclude the fund’s ability to invest in eligible securities through Stock Connect (“Stock Connect Securities”). In addition, investments made through Stock Connect are subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that are relatively untested in the PRC, which could pose risks to the fund. Moreover, Stock Connect Securities generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other than through Stock Connect in accordance with applicable rules. A primary feature of Stock Connect is the application of the home market’s laws and rules applicable to investors in securities. Therefore, the fund’s investments in Stock Connect Securities are generally subject to PRC securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions. Finally, while foreign investors currently are exempted from paying capital gains or value-added taxes on income and gains from investments in Stock Connect Securities, these PRC tax rules could be changed, which could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund.
Stock Connect will only operate on days when both the mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an investment in securities through Stock Connect may subject the fund to the risk of price fluctuations on days when the Chinese markets are open, but Stock Connect is not trading. The mainland Chinese and Hong Kong regulators have announced in August 2022 to enhance the trading calendar for Stock Connect, to allow Stock Connect trading on all the days which are trading days in both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets, even when the corresponding settlement days would be public holidays. However, as of the date of this Prospectus, such enhancements have not been implemented and detailed operational rules are yet to be issued. As such, it is uncertain how such enhanced trading calendar will be operated.
The Stock Connect program is a relatively new program. Further developments are likely and there can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether future developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect the fund’s investments or returns. In addition, the application and interpretation of the laws and regulations of Hong Kong and the PRC, and the rules, policies or guidelines published or applied by relevant regulators and exchanges in respect of the Stock Connect program are uncertain, and they may have a detrimental effect on the fund’s investments and returns.
Special risk considerations of investing in China. Investing in securities of Chinese issuers involves certain risks and considerations not typically associated with investing in securities of US issuers, including, among others, (i) more frequent (and potentially widespread)
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trading suspensions and government interventions with respect to Chinese issuers, resulting in lack of liquidity and in price volatility, (ii) currency revaluations and other currency exchange rate fluctuations or blockage, (iii) the nature and extent of intervention by the Chinese government in the Chinese securities markets (including both direct and indirect market stabilization efforts, which may affect valuations of Chinese issuers), whether such intervention will continue and the impact of such intervention or its discontinuation, (iv) the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets, (v) the risk that the Chinese government may decide not to continue to support economic reform programs, (vi) limitations on the use of brokers (or action by the Chinese government that discourages brokers from serving international clients), (vii) higher rates of inflation, (viii) greater political, economic and social uncertainty, (ix) higher market volatility caused by any potential regional territorial conflicts or natural disasters, (x) the risk of increased trade tariffs, embargoes and other trade or regulatory limitations, (xi) restrictions on foreign ownership, which require US investors to invest in offshore special purpose companies to obtain indirect exposure to Chinese issuers, (xii) custody risks associated with investing through Stock Connect, a QFI or other programs to access the Chinese securities markets, (xiii) both interim and permanent market regulations which may affect the ability of certain stockholders to sell Chinese securities when it would otherwise be advisable, (xiv) different and less stringent financial reporting standards, and (xv) increased political pressure from the US and other countries to restrict the ability of investors outside China to invest in Chinese issuers.
From time to time, and as recently as early 2020 with the coronavirus known as COVID-19, China has experienced outbreaks of infectious illnesses, and the country may be subject to other infectious illnesses, diseases or other public health emergencies in the future. Any public health emergency could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the fund’s investments. These risks may be heightened to the extent China pursues a “zero COVID” or similar strategy that attempts to eradicate the incidence of a disease for extended periods, thus leading to shutdowns or other interventions which affect the Chinese and/or global economy for periods beyond that which might be caused by the public health policies of other countries.
A-Shares tax risk. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund or Underlying Fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in an issuer resident in
China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement or arrangement.
Since the respective inception of the Shanghai – Hong Kong and Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect programs, foreign investors (including the fund) investing in A-Shares through Stock Connect would be temporarily exempt from the PRC corporate income tax and value- added tax on the gains on disposal of such A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless reduced under a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax authority. Since November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted. The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has been paid by the fund, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. The fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s return could be substantial. The fund may also be liable to the Advisor or Subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on the Advisor or Subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares through the Advisor’s or Subadvisor’s QFI license become subject to repatriation restrictions or delays, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to regulated investment companies (“RICs”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), and be subject to tax at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow money to the extent necessary to distribute to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively, including with respect to the possible liability of the fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in the case of a QFI acting for a foreign investor such as the fund is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an RQFII would also be eligible for PRC Business Tax (“BT”) exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on the fund could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s
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returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e., QFIIs continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from PRC value-added tax, which replaced the BT with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities, including A-Shares.
The PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are adverse to the fund and its shareholders.
If the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting capital gains taxes on such investments (whether made through Stock Connect or a QFI), the fund or Underlying Fund could be subject to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved (if any). The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s or Underlying Fund’s return could be substantial. The fund will be liable to the Advisor or Subadvisor for any Chinese tax that is imposed on the Advisor or Subadvisor with respect to the fund’s investments.
As described below under “Taxes – US Federal Income Tax on Distributions,” the fund may elect, for US federal income tax purposes, to treat Chinese taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the fund as paid by its shareholders. Even if the fund is qualified to make that election and does so, however, your ability to claim a credit or deduction for certain Chinese taxes may be limited under general US tax principles.
Should the Chinese government impose restrictions on the fund’s ability to repatriate funds associated with direct investment in A-Shares, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Code, and the fund may therefore be subject to fund-level US federal taxes.
Risks relating to QFI status. Because the fund does not satisfy the criteria to qualify as a QFI itself, the fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares via the Subadvisor’s QFI license and may also invest through Stock Connect. A revocation or elimination of the Subadvisor’s QFI license may not only adversely affect the ability of the fund to invest directly in A-Shares, but also the performance of pooled investment vehicles linked to the performance of A-Shares. Therefore, any such revocation or elimination may have a material adverse effect on the ability of the fund to achieve its investment objective. These risks are compounded by the fact that at present there are only a limited number of firms and counterparties that have QFI status. In addition, the QFI license may be revoked by Chinese regulators if, among other things, the Subadvisor fails to observe SAFE and other applicable Chinese regulations, which could also lead to other adverse consequences, including the requirement that the fund
dispose of its A-Shares holdings. Because the Subadvisor’s QFI license would be in the name of the Subadvisor rather than the fund, there is also a risk that regulatory actions taken against the Subadvisor by PRC government authorities may affect the fund.
In addition, there are custody risks associated with investing through a QFI. All A-Shares or other permissible securities acquired by a QFI are maintained by its local custodian in the PRC (“PRC sub-custodian”) in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations in the PRC, in one or more securities accounts in the names of the fund and the Subadvisor as the QFI. The Subadvisor may not use the account for any other purpose than for maintaining the fund’s assets. However, given that the securities trading account will be maintained in the name of the Subadvisor for the benefit of the fund, the fund’s assets may not be as well protected as they would be if it were possible for them to be registered and held solely in the name of the fund. In particular, there is a risk that creditors of the Subadvisor may assert that the securities are owned by the Subadvisor and not the fund, and that a court would uphold such an assertion, in which case creditors of the Subadvisor could seize assets of the fund. Furthermore, cash deposited in the cash account of the fund with the PRC sub-custodian will not be segregated but will be a debt owing from the PRC sub-custodian to the fund as a depositor. Such cash will be co-mingled with cash that belongs to other clients or creditors of the PRC sub-custodian. In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation of the PRC sub-custodian, the fund will not have any proprietary rights to the cash deposited in such cash account, and the fund will become an unsecured creditor, ranking pari passu with all other unsecured creditors, of the PRC sub-custodian. The fund may face difficulty and/or encounter delays in recovering such debt, or may not be able to recover it in full or at all, in which case the fund will suffer losses.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
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Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Currency and repatriation risk. The Underlying Index is calculated in onshore RMB (CNY), whereas the fund’s reference currency is the US dollar. As a result, the fund’s return may be adversely affected by currency exchange rates. Further, although offshore RMB and onshore RMB are the same currency, they trade at different rates. To the extent the fund needs to exchange offshore RMB and onshore RMB, any divergence between offshore RMB and onshore RMB may adversely impact shareholders. The value of the US dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, global energy prices, political instability and government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currencies by a country’s government.
In addition, the Chinese government heavily regulates the domestic exchange of foreign currencies within China. Chinese law requires that all domestic transactions must be settled in RMB, places significant restrictions on the remittance of foreign currencies, and strictly regulates currency exchange from RMB. There is no assurance that there will always be sufficient amounts of RMB for the fund to remain fully invested. Repatriations by QFIs are currently not subject to repatriation restrictions or prior regulatory approval, although a review on authenticity and compliance will be conducted on each remittance and repatriation by the PRC sub-custodian appointed by the QFI. The repatriation process may be subject to certain requirements set out in the relevant regulations such as submission of certain documents, and completion of the repatriation process may be subject to delay. Furthermore, as the PRC sub-custodian’s review on authenticity and
compliance is conducted on each repatriation, the repatriation may be delayed or even rejected by the PRC sub-custodian in case of non-compliance with the QFI rules and regulations. In such case, redemption proceeds will be paid to the redeeming investors as soon as practicable after completion of the repatriation of funds concerned. The actual time required for the completion of the relevant repatriation will be beyond the Subadvisor’s control. However, there is no assurance that Chinese rules and regulations will not change or that repatriation restrictions will not be imposed in the future. Further, such changes to the Chinese rules and regulations may be applied retroactively. Any restrictions on repatriation of the fund’s portfolio investments may have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to meet redemption requests.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Materials sector risk. To the extent the fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities issued by companies in the materials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund's performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the materials sector. Companies engaged in the production and distribution of materials may be adversely affected by changes in world events, political and economic conditions, energy conservation, environmental policies, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, litigation and government regulations, increased competition, over-production, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Information technology sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the information technology sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the information technology sector. Information technology companies are particularly vulnerable to government regulation and competition, both domestically and internationally, including competition from foreign competitors with lower production costs. Information technology companies also face competition for services of qualified personnel. Additionally, the products of information technology companies may face obsolescence due to
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rapid technological development and frequent new product introduction by competitors. Finally, information technology companies are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights, the loss or impairment of which may adversely affect profitability.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
If the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments (including China A-Shares), the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Tracking error risk. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of its Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure to the required levels in order to track the Underlying Index. In addition, to the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index) it may cause the fund to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in
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which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to legal restrictions or limitations imposed by the governments of certain countries, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its NAV based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on securities’ closing prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. The performance of the fund also may diverge from that of the Underlying Index if the Advisor and/or Subadvisor seek to gain exposure to A-Shares by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles because the Stock Connect Daily Quota has been exhausted or the Subadvisor is unable to maintain its QFI status. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade.
Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. The bid/ask spread of the fund may be wider in comparison to the bid/ask spread of other ETFs, due to the Fund’s exposure to A-Shares. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Valuation risk. Because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This means that the fund may invest in securities of relatively few issuers. Thus, the performance of one or a small number of portfolio holdings can affect overall performance.
Cash transactions risk. Unlike most other ETFs, the fund expects to effect its creations and redemptions principally for cash, rather than in-kind securities. Paying redemption proceeds in cash rather than through in-kind delivery of portfolio securities may require the fund to dispose of or sell portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds at an inopportune time. This may cause the fund to recognize gains or losses that it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in- kind. As a result, the fund may pay out higher or lower annual capital gains distributions than ETFs that redeem in kind. Only APs who have entered into an agreement with the fund’s distributor may redeem shares from the fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
Small company risk. Small company stocks tend to be more volatile than medium-sized or large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow small companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small companies, since they may lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
shares |
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CSI 500 Index (reflects
no deductions for fees,
expenses or taxes) |
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MSCI ACWI ex USA
Index (reflects no deduc-
tions for fees, expenses
or taxes) |
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Subadvisor
Harvest Global Investments Limited
Portfolio Managers
Kevin Sung, CFA, FRM, CESGA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2018.
Vicky Hsu, CFA, CESGA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2021.
West Wang, CFA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing
the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF
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Stock Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI China All Shares Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses
These are the fees and expenses that you will pay when you buy, hold and sell shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
(expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
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Acquired funds fees and expenses1 |
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1“Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses” reflect the fund’s pro rata share of the fees and expenses incurred by investing primarily in Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF (the “Underlying Fund”) and any other exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) advised by DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”). The impact of Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses is included in the total returns of the fund. Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses are not used to calculate the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) per share.
To the extent the fund invests in the shares of an affiliated fund, the Advisor has contractually agreed, until November 14, 2024, to waive fees and/or reimburse the fund’s expenses to limit the fund’s current operating expenses (except for interest expense, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses, litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses) by an amount equal to the acquired fund’s fees and expenses attributable to the fund’s investments in affiliated funds. In addition, the Advisor has contractually agreed until
September 30, 2023, to waive a portion of its management fees to the extent necessary to prevent the operating expenses (except for interest expense, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses, litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses) of the fund from exceeding 0.50% of the fund’s average daily net assets. These agreements may only be terminated by the fund’s Board (and may not be terminated by the Advisor) prior to that time.
EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund's operating expenses (including the application of the the affiliated fund waiver for two years and the expense limitation for one year in each period) remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of shares of the fund. It also does not include the transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Creation Units (defined herein), because those fees will not be imposed on retail investors. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may mean higher taxes if you are investing in a taxable account. These costs are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 35 | Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF |
expense example, and can affect the fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 5% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to capture large- and mid-capitalization representation across all China securities listed in Hong Kong, Shanghai and Shenzhen. The Underlying Index includes A-Shares, H-Shares, B-Shares, Red chips and P chips share classes, as well as securities of Chinese companies listed outside of China (e.g. American depositary receipts). DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”) expects that, over time, the correlation between the fund’s performance and that of the Underlying Index, before fees and expenses, will be 95% or better. A figure of 100% would indicate perfect correlation.
A-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated and traded in renminbi (“RMB”) on stock exchanges in mainland China including the Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing Stock Exchanges. Under current regulations in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”), foreign investors can invest in the domestic PRC securities markets through certain market-access programs. These programs include the Qualified Foreign Investor (“QFI”, including Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“QFII”) and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“RQFII”)) program, where investors will be required to obtain a license from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) to participate in the program. QFIs have also registered with China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) to remit foreign currencies which can be traded on the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) in the PRC for the purpose of investing in the PRC’s domestic securities markets. Investment companies are not currently within the types of entities that are eligible for a QFI license.
B-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in China and are denominated and traded in US dollars and Hong Kong dollars (“HKD”) on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, respectively. B-Shares are available to foreign investors. H-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated and traded in HKD on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and other foreign exchanges.
Red chips and P chips are equity securities issued by companies incorporated outside of mainland China and listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Companies that issue Red chips generally base their businesses in mainland China and are controlled, either directly or indirectly, by the state, provincial or municipal governments of the
PRC. Companies that issue P chips generally are nonstate-owned Chinese companies incorporated outside of mainland China that satisfy the following criteria: (i) the company is controlled by PRC individuals, (ii) the company derives more than 80% of its revenue from the PRC and (iii) the company allocates more than 60% of its assets in the PRC.
The Advisor expects to use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the Advisor expects to invest in a representative sample of the component securities of the Underlying Index that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The Advisor expects to obtain exposure to the A-Share components of the Underlying Index indirectly by investing in the Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF (the “Underlying Fund”). The Advisor may also invest in Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF (the “Xtrackers Harvest ETFs”, and together with the Underlying Fund, the “Xtrackers China A-Shares ETFs”) or other affiliated funds advised by the Advisor and sub-advised by Harvest Global Investments Limited (“HGI”), a licensed RQFII (and is regarded as a QFI under the prevailing rules and regulations in the PRC), that invests in A-Shares directly. Currently, the fund invests in the Underlying Fund. The fund does not currently intend to invest in A-Shares directly. To obtain exposure to the balance of the Underlying Index, the Advisor intends to invest directly in the components of the Underlying Index. The Underlying Fund may invest in A-Shares and other permitted China securities listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges through the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (“Shanghai Connect”) or the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (“Shenzhen Connect,” and together with Shanghai Connect, “Stock Connect”). Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing program between either the Shanghai Stock Exchange or Shenzhen Stock Exchange and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“SEHK”), China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited and Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited. Stock Connect is designed to permit mutual stock market access between mainland China and Hong Kong by allowing investors to trade and settle eligible securities (including A-shares and ETFs) on each market via their local exchanges. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the
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Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF
relevant Stock Connect, and as such, buy orders for securities would be rejected once the Daily Quota is exceeded (although a fund will be permitted to sell securities regardless of the Daily Quota balance). The Daily Quota is not specific to any fund, but to all investors investing through the Stock Connect.
The Xtrackers Harvest ETFs, through their subadvisor, may invest in A-Shares and other permitted China securities listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges via Stock Connect. The Xtrackers Harvest ETFs may also invest in A-Shares via the QFI license of HGI.
The Underlying Fund invests directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect. Under Stock Connect, the Underlying Fund’s trading of eligible A-Shares listed on the SSE or the SZSE, as applicable, would be effectuated through the Advisor. Additionally, the Xtrackers Harvest ETFs’ direct investments in A-Shares will be limited in part by the Daily Quota applicable to Stock Connect. Investment companies are not currently within the types of entities that are eligible for a QFI license. Because the Underlying Fund does not satisfy the criteria to qualify as a QFI, the Underlying Fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares via Stock Connect and, in the future, may also utilize any QFI license applied for by and granted to the Advisor and/or a subadvisor.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its total assets in securities of issuers that comprise either directly or indirectly the Underlying Index or securities with economic characteristics similar to those included in the Underlying Index. While the fund intends to invest primarily in H-Shares, B-Shares, Red chips, P chips, and shares of the Underlying Fund, the fund also may invest in securities of issuers not included in the Underlying Index, the Xtrackers Harvest ETFs, certain derivative instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection) and other pooled investment vehicles, including affiliated and/or foreign investment companies, that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. The remainder of the fund’s assets will be invested primarily in money market instruments and cash equivalents. Under normal circumstances, the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of Chinese companies or in derivative instruments and other securities that provide investment exposure to Chinese companies.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 788 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $4.56 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $569 million. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced on a quarterly basis, usually as of the close of the last business day of February, May, August, and November. The pro forma Underlying Index is generally announced nine business days before the effective date. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and,
therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the consumer discretionary (20.51%) and financials (15.69%) sectors. The consumer discretionary goods sector includes durable goods, apparel, entertainment and leisure, and automobiles. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective, as well as numerous other risks that are described in greater detail in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks” and in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Because the fund invests in one or more Underlying Funds, the risks listed here include those of the Underlying Funds as well as those of the fund itself. Therefore, in these risk descriptions the term “the fund” may refer to the fund itself, one or more Underlying Funds, or both.
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Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others,
may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Special risk considerations relating to investments in A-Shares. The Advisor’s ability to achieve the fund’s investment objective by investing in the component securities of the Underlying Index is dependent on the continuous availability of A-Shares. Because the fund will not be able to invest directly in A-Shares beyond the limits that may be imposed by Stock Connect and/or the QFI program, the size of the fund’s direct investment in A-Shares may be limited. If the fund is unable to access sufficient A-Shares, the subadvisor may seek to gain exposure to the A-Share market by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, futures contracts, swaps and other derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles, including foreign and/or affiliated funds, that provide exposure to the A-Share market until additional access can be obtained. If the fund is unable to obtain sufficient exposure to the performance of the Underlying Index due to the unavailability of access to A-Shares or other investments that provide exposure to the performance of A-Shares, the fund could, among other actions, limit or suspend creations until the subadvisor determines that the requisite exposure to the Underlying Index is obtainable. During the period that creations are limited or suspended, the fund could trade at a significant premium or discount to the NAV and could experience substantial redemptions. Alternatively, the fund could change its investment objective by, for example, seeking to track an alternative index that does not include A-Shares as its component securities, or decide to liquidate the fund.
On May 7, 2020, the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) and SAFE jointly issued the Regulations on Funds of Securities and Futures Investment by Foreign Institutional Investors (PBOC & SAFE Announcement [2020] No. 2) (the “Regulations”) which came into effect on June 6, 2020. The Regulations remove the quota restrictions on investment. However, there is no guarantee that the quotas will continue to be relaxed. On September 25, 2020, the CSRC, the PBOC, and the SAFE jointly issued the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Decree No. 176) and the CSRC
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Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF
issued the Provisions on Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Announcement [2020] No.63), which came into effect on November 1, 2020. The major revisions to the previous rules include merger of the QFII regime and RQFII regime, relaxation of qualification requirements and facilitating investment and operations of QFIIs and RQFIIs, expansion of investment scope and enhancing ongoing supervision. As of the date of this prospectus, this is a relatively new development, and their application may depend on the interpretation given by the relevant PRC authorities. The current QFI laws, rules and regulations are subject to change, which may take retroactive effect. In addition, there can be no assurance that the QFI laws, rules and regulations will not be abolished. The fund which invests in the PRC markets through a QFI, may be adversely affected as a result of such changes.
Risks of investing through Stock Connect. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a number of restrictions that may affect the fund’s investments and returns. For example, trading through Stock Connect is subject to the Daily Quota, which may restrict or preclude the fund’s ability to invest in eligible securities through Stock Connect (“Stock Connect Securities”). In addition, investments made through Stock Connect are subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that are relatively untested in the PRC, which could pose risks to the fund. Moreover, Stock Connect Securities generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other than through Stock Connect in accordance with applicable rules. A primary feature of Stock Connect is the application of the home market’s laws and rules applicable to investors in securities. Therefore, the fund’s investments in Stock Connect Securities are generally subject to PRC securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions. Finally, while foreign investors currently are exempted from paying capital gains or value-added taxes on income and gains from investments in Stock Connect Securities, these PRC tax rules could be changed, which could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund.
Stock Connect will only operate on days when both the mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an investment in securities through Stock Connect may subject the fund to the risk of price fluctuations on days when the Chinese markets are open, but Stock Connect is not trading. The mainland Chinese and Hong Kong regulators have announced in August 2022 to enhance the trading calendar for Stock Connect, to allow Stock Connect trading on all the days which are trading days in both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets, even when the corresponding settlement days would be public holidays.
However, as of the date of this Prospectus, such enhancements have not been implemented and detailed operational rules are yet to be issued. As such, it is uncertain how such enhanced trading calendar will be operated.
The Stock Connect program is a relatively new program. Further developments are likely and there can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether future developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect the fund’s investments or returns. In addition, the application and interpretation of the laws and regulations of Hong Kong and the PRC, and the rules, policies or guidelines published or applied by relevant regulators and exchanges in respect of the Stock Connect program are uncertain, and they may have a detrimental effect on the fund’s investments and returns.
Special risk considerations of investing in China. Investing in securities of Chinese issuers involves certain risks and considerations not typically associated with investing in securities of US issuers, including, among others, (i) more frequent (and potentially widespread) trading suspensions and government interventions with respect to Chinese issuers, resulting in lack of liquidity and in price volatility, (ii) currency revaluations and other currency exchange rate fluctuations or blockage, (iii) the nature and extent of intervention by the Chinese government in the Chinese securities markets (including both direct and indirect market stabilization efforts, which may affect valuations of Chinese issuers), whether such intervention will continue and the impact of such intervention or its discontinuation, (iv) the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets, (v) the risk that the Chinese government may decide not to continue to support economic reform programs, (vi) limitations on the use of brokers (or action by the Chinese government that discourages brokers from serving international clients), (vii) higher rates of inflation, (viii) greater political, economic and social uncertainty, (ix) higher market volatility caused by any potential regional territorial conflicts or natural disasters, (x) the risk of increased trade tariffs, embargoes and other trade or regulatory limitations, (xi) restrictions on foreign ownership, which require US investors to invest in offshore special purpose companies to obtain indirect exposure to Chinese issuers, (xii) custody risks associated with investing through Stock Connect, a QFI or other programs to access the Chinese securities markets, (xiii) both interim and permanent market regulations which may affect the ability of certain stockholders to sell Chinese securities when it would otherwise be advisable, (xiv) different and less stringent financial reporting standards, and (xv) increased political pressure from the US and other countries to restrict the ability of investors outside China to invest in Chinese issuers.
From time to time, and as recently as early 2020 with the coronavirus known as COVID-19, China has experienced outbreaks of infectious illnesses, and the country may be subject to other infectious illnesses, diseases or other
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public health emergencies in the future. Any public health emergency could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the fund’s investments. These risks may be heightened to the extent China pursues a “zero COVID” or similar strategy that attempts to eradicate the incidence of a disease for extended periods, thus leading to shutdowns or other interventions which affect the Chinese and/or global economy for periods beyond that which might be caused by the public health policies of other countries.
Underlying funds risk. To the extent the fund invests a substantial portion of its assets in one or more Underlying Funds, the fund’s performance will be directly related to the performance of an Underlying Fund. The fund’s investments in other investment companies subject the fund to the risks affecting those investment companies.
In addition, the fund indirectly pays a portion of the expenses incurred by an Underlying Fund, which lowers performance. To the extent that the fund’s allocations favor an Underlying Fund with higher expenses, the overall cost of investing paid by the fund will be higher.
A-Shares tax risk. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund or Underlying Fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in an issuer resident in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement or arrangement.
Since the respective inception of the Shanghai – Hong Kong and Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect programs, foreign investors (including the fund) investing in A-Shares through Stock Connect would be temporarily exempt from the PRC corporate income tax and value- added tax on the gains on disposal of such A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless reduced under a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax authority. Since November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted. The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has been paid by the fund, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. The fund
could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s return could be substantial. The fund may also be liable to the Advisor or subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on the Advisor or subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares through the Advisor’s or subadvisor’s QFI license become subject to repatriation restrictions or delays, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to regulated investment companies (“RICs”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), and be subject to tax at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow money to the extent necessary to distribute to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively, including with respect to the possible liability of the fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in the case of a QFI acting for a foreign investor such as the fund is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an RQFII would also be eligible for PRC Business Tax (“BT”) exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on the fund could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e., QFIIs continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from PRC value-added tax, which replaced the BT with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities, including A-Shares.
The PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are adverse to the fund and its shareholders.
If the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting capital gains taxes on such investments (whether made through Stock Connect or a QFI), the fund or Underlying Fund could be subject to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved (if any). The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s or Underlying Fund’s return could be substantial. The fund will be liable
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to the Advisor or subadvisor for any Chinese tax that is imposed on the Advisor or subadvisor with respect to the fund’s investments.
As described below under “Taxes – US Federal Income Tax on Distributions,” the fund may elect, for US federal income tax purposes, to treat Chinese taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the fund as paid by its shareholders. Even if the fund is qualified to make that election and does so, however, your ability to claim a credit or deduction for certain Chinese taxes may be limited under general US tax principles.
Should the Chinese government impose restrictions on the fund’s ability to repatriate funds associated with direct investment in A-Shares, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Code, and the fund may therefore be subject to fund-level US federal taxes.
Risks relating to QFI status. Because the fund does not satisfy the criteria to qualify as a QFI itself, the fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares via the subadvisor’s QFI license and may also invest through Stock Connect. A revocation or elimination of the subadvisor’s QFI license may not only adversely affect the ability of the fund to invest directly in A-Shares, but also the performance of pooled investment vehicles linked to the performance of A-Shares. Therefore, any such revocation or elimination may have a material adverse effect on the ability of the fund to achieve its investment objective. These risks are compounded by the fact that at present there are only a limited number of firms and counterparties that have QFI status. In addition, the QFI license may be revoked by Chinese regulators if, among other things, the subadvisor fails to observe SAFE and other applicable Chinese regulations, which could also lead to other adverse consequences, including the requirement that the fund dispose of its A-Shares holdings. Because the subadvisor’s QFI license would be in the name of the subadvisor rather than the fund, there is also a risk that regulatory actions taken against the subadvisor by PRC government authorities may affect the fund.
In addition, there are custody risks associated with investing through a QFI. All A-Shares or other permissible securities acquired by a QFI are maintained by its local custodian in the PRC (“PRC sub-custodian”) in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations in the PRC, in one or more securities accounts in the names of the fund and the subadvisor as the QFI. The subadvisor may not use the account for any other purpose than for maintaining the fund’s assets. However, given that the securities trading account will be maintained in the name of the subadvisor for the benefit of the fund, the fund’s assets may not be as well protected as they would be if it were possible for them to be registered and held solely in the name of the fund. In particular, there is a risk that creditors of the subadvisor may assert that the securities are owned by the subadvisor and not the fund, and that a court would
uphold such an assertion, in which case creditors of the subadvisor could seize assets of the fund. Furthermore, cash deposited in the cash account of the fund with the PRC sub-custodian will not be segregated but will be a debt owing from the PRC sub-custodian to the fund as a depositor. Such cash will be co-mingled with cash that belongs to other clients or creditors of the PRC sub-custodian. In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation of the PRC sub-custodian, the fund will not have any proprietary rights to the cash deposited in such cash account, and the fund will become an unsecured creditor, ranking pari passu with all other unsecured creditors, of the PRC sub-custodian. The fund may face difficulty and/or encounter delays in recovering such debt, or may not be able to recover it in full or at all, in which case the fund will suffer losses.
Depositary receipt risk. Depositary receipts involve similar risks to those associated with investments in securities of non-US issuers. Depositary receipts also may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation; and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Currency and repatriation risk. The Underlying Index is calculated in onshore RMB (CNY), whereas the fund’s reference currency is the US dollar. As a result, the fund’s return may be adversely affected by currency exchange rates. Further, although offshore RMB and onshore RMB are the same currency, they trade at different rates. To the extent the fund needs to exchange offshore RMB and onshore RMB, any divergence between offshore RMB and onshore RMB may adversely impact shareholders. The value of the US dollar measured against other currencies
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is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, global energy prices, political instability and government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currencies by a country’s government.
In addition, the Chinese government heavily regulates the domestic exchange of foreign currencies within China. Chinese law requires that all domestic transactions must be settled in RMB, places significant restrictions on the remittance of foreign currencies, and strictly regulates currency exchange from RMB. There is no assurance that there will always be sufficient amounts of RMB for the fund to remain fully invested. Repatriations by QFIs are currently not subject to repatriation restrictions or prior regulatory approval, although a review on authenticity and compliance will be conducted on each remittance and repatriation by the PRC sub-custodian appointed by the QFI. The repatriation process may be subject to certain requirements set out in the relevant regulations such as submission of certain documents, and completion of the repatriation process may be subject to delay. Furthermore, as the PRC sub-custodian’s review on authenticity and compliance is conducted on each repatriation, the repatriation may be delayed or even rejected by the PRC sub-custodian in case of non-compliance with the QFI rules and regulations. In such case, redemption proceeds will be paid to the redeeming investors as soon as practicable after completion of the repatriation of funds concerned. The actual time required for the completion of the relevant repatriation will be beyond the subadvisor’s control. However, there is no assurance that Chinese rules and regulations will not change or that repatriation restrictions will not be imposed in the future. Further, such changes to the Chinese rules and regulations may be applied retroactively. Any restrictions on repatriation of the fund’s portfolio investments may have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to meet redemption requests.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Consumer discretionary sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer discretionary sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer discretionary sector. Companies engaged in the consumer discretionary sector are subject to fluctuations in supply and demand. These companies may also be adversely affected by changes in consumer spending as a result of world events, political and economic conditions, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its
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stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments (including China A-Shares), the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Tracking error risk. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of its Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market
disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure to the required levels in order to track the Underlying Index. In addition, to the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index) it may cause the fund to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to legal restrictions or limitations imposed by the governments of certain countries, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its NAV based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on securities’ closing prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. The performance of the fund also may diverge from that of the Underlying Index if the Advisor and/or subadvisor seek to gain exposure to A-Shares by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles because the Stock Connect Daily Quota has been exhausted or the subadvisor is unable to maintain its QFI status. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from the NAV during periods of market volatility. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units (defined below), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of
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shares should not be sustained in the long-term. If market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. In addition, the securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares trade. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. The bid/ask spread of the fund may be wider in comparison to the bid/ask spread of other ETFs, due to the Fund’s exposure to A-Shares. Further, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with the fund.
Valuation risk. Because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market
events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
Medium-sized company risk. Medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
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Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Past Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing changes in the fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the fund’s average annual returns compare with those of the Underlying Index and a broad measure of market performance.The fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the fund’s website at Xtrackers.com (the website does not form a part of this prospectus).
Prior to November 30, 2015, the fund operated with a different investment strategy. Performance would have been different if the fund’s current investment strategy had been in effect. Fund returns prior to November 30, 2015 reflect those of the fund when it was tracking the prior underlying index.
CALENDAR YEAR TOTAL RETURNS(%)
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended 12/31/2021 expressed as a %)
All after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of any state or local tax. Your own actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from what is shown here. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the fund in tax-deferred accounts such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or employee-sponsored retirement plans.
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After tax on distribu-
tions |
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After tax on distribu-
tions and sale of fund
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MSCI China All Shares
Index (reflects no deduc-
tions for fees, expenses
or taxes) |
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Effective November 30, 2015, the fund changed its underlying index to the MSCI China All Shares Index from the MSCI All China Index. Returns shown above for the MSCI China All Shares Index prior to November 30, 2015 reflect the performance of the MSCI All China Index.
Management
Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC
Portfolio Managers
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2014.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). Individual fund shares may only be purchased and sold through a brokerage firm. The price of fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”) to APs who have entered into agreements with ALPS Distributors, Inc., the fund’s distributor. You may incur costs
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attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the fund (ask) when buying or selling shares (the “bid-ask spread”). Information on the fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads may be found at Xtrackers.com.
Tax Information
The fund's distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gains, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k), or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Any withdrawals you make from such tax- advantaged investment plans, however, may be taxable to you.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and
Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems or other services related to the sale or promotion of the fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Additional Information About Fund Strategies, Underlying Index Information and Risks
Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the CSI 300 Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investments results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expense, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to reflect the price fluctuation and performance of the China A-Share market and is composed of the 300 largest and most liquid stocks in the China A-Share market. The Underlying Index includes small-cap, mid-cap, and large-cap stocks. DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”) expects that, over time, the correlation between the fund’s performance and that of the Underlying Index, before fees and expenses, will be 95% or better. A figure of 100% would indicate perfect correlation.
A-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated and traded in renminbi (“RMB”) on stock exchanges in mainland China including the Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing Stock Exchanges. Under current regulations in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”), foreign investors can invest in the domestic PRC securities markets through certain market-access programs. These programs include the Shanghai - Hong Kong and Shenzhen - Hong Kong Stock Connect programs (“Stock Connect”) and the Qualified Foreign Investor (“QFI”, including Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“QFII”) and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“RQFII”)) program, where investors will be required to obtain a license from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) to participate in the program.
Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing program between either the Shanghai Stock Exchange or Shenzhen Stock Exchange and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“SEHK”), China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited and Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited. Stock Connect is designed to permit mutual stock market access between mainland China and Hong Kong by allowing investors to trade and settle eligible securities (including A-shares and ETFs) on each market via their local exchanges. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum daily net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect. Accordingly, the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares will be limited in part by the Daily Quota that limits total purchases through Stock Connect.
Harvest Global Investments Limited (the “Subadvisor” or “HGI”) is a licensed RQFII and is regarded as a QFI under the prevailing rules and regulations in the PRC, and the fund may therefore invest in A-Shares via HGI’s QFI license. The Subadvisor, on behalf of the fund, thus also may invest in A-Shares and other permitted China securities listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. QFIs have also registered with China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) to remit foreign currencies which can be traded on the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) in the PRC for the purpose of investing in the PRC’s domestic securities markets. Investment companies are not currently within the types of entities that are eligible for a QFI license.
The Subadvisor expects to use a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the Subadvisor expects to invest directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the Subadvisor to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the Subadvisor may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy.
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“Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when the Subadvisor is using a representative sampling indexing strategy.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its total assets in securities of issuers that comprise the Underlying Index. The fund will seek to achieve its investment objective by primarily investing directly in A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect and/or via the Subadvisor’s QFI license. While the fund intends to invest primarily and directly in A-Shares, the fund also may invest in securities of issuers not included in the Underlying Index, certain derivative instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection) and other pooled investment vehicles, including affiliated and/or foreign investment companies, that the Advisor and/or Subadvisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. The remainder of the fund’s assets will be invested primarily in money market instruments and cash equivalents. Under normal circumstances, the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in A-Shares of Chinese issuers or in derivative instruments and other securities that provide investment exposure to A-Shares of Chinese issuers. The fund may invest in depositary receipts. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor and/or Subadvisor deem illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 300 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $155.78 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $22.9 billion. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced semi-annually every June and December. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials (19.59%), industrials (16.48%), consumer staples (15.31%) and information technology (15.08%) sectors. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and
custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. The consumer staples sector includes companies whose businesses are less sensitive to economic cycles, such as manufacturers and distributors of food, beverages and producers of non-durable household goods and personal products. The information technology sector includes companies engaged in developing software and providing data processing and outsourced services, along with manufacturing and distributing communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment and instruments. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The Subadvisor intends to fully (or at least substantially) replicate the fund’s Underlying Index, but may pursue a representative sampling indexing strategy in circumstances where there is limited availability of component securities or regulatory restrictions that inhibit the transferability of component securities. In addition, from time to time, the Subadvisor may choose to underweight or overweight a security in the fund’s Underlying Index, purchase securities not included in the Underlying Index that the Subadvisor believes are appropriate to substitute for certain securities in the Underlying Index, or utilize various combinations of other available investment techniques to seek to track, before fees and expenses, the performance of the Underlying Index. The fund also may seek to gain exposure to A-Shares through means other than the use of the Subadvisor’s QFI status, including Stock Connect or any other method permitted by PRC law and consistent with the fund’s investment policies. The Subadvisor may also sell securities that are represented in the fund’s Underlying Index in anticipation of their removal from the Underlying Index or purchase securities not represented in the Underlying Index in anticipation of their addition to the Underlying Index.
The fund may invest its assets in other securities, including, but not limited to: (i) interests in pooled investment vehicles, including affiliated and foreign funds (certain funds may not be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and therefore, not subject to the same investor protections as the fund), (ii) securities not in the Underlying Index, including: (a) depositary receipts (depositary receipts, including American depositary receipts (“ADRs”) may be used by the fund in seeking performance that corresponds to the fund’s Underlying Index and in managing cash flows, and they may count towards compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policies), (iii) cash and cash equivalents, (iv) money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money
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market funds advised by the Advisor, HGI or their affiliates subject to applicable limitations under the 1940 Act, or exemptions therefrom), (v) convertible securities and (vi) structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
Shares of the fund are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by CSI or any affiliate of CSI and CSI bears no liability with respect to the fund or any security.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. While the fund intends to invest primarily and directly in A-Shares, the fund also may invest in these derivative instruments to the extent that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. A futures contract is a standardized exchange-traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
Underlying Index Information
Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF Index Description.
The Underlying Index is calculated and maintained by China Securities Index Co., Ltd. (the “Index Provider” or “CSI”).
The Underlying Index is a modified free-float market capitalization weighted index composed of the largest and most liquid stocks in the China A-Share market. Constituent stocks for the Underlying Index must have been listed for more than one year on the Science and Technology Innovation Board of the Shanghai Stock Exchange or the ChiNext Board at the Shenzen Stock Exchange and on either the Shanghai Stock Exchange or the Shenzhen Stock Exchange for more than three months for other stocks (unless the stock’s average daily A-Share market capitalization since its initial listing ranks among the top 30 of all A-Shares), have demonstrated positive performance without serious financial problems, and not be subject to abnormal volatility or other evidence of possible market manipulation. If an issuer has reported a loss in its annual report or semi-annual report, the issuer’s stock will not be removed from the index if they are already included, but an issuer with a similar situation will not be eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index. In addition, if
an issuer experiences stock price volatility that is not attributable to market demand and supply factors, but rather the possible result of market manipulation, the Index Provider will take such factor into consideration when determining whether the issuer is eligible for inclusion or continued inclusion in the Underlying Index. When determining eligibility, the Index Provider also may consider other factors, such as whether the issuer has been subject to any administrative penalty or regulatory investigation. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 300 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $155.78 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $22.90 billion. These amounts are subject to change.
When selecting constituent stocks for the Underlying Index, the Index Provider: (1) calculates the daily average trading value and daily average total market capitalization during the most recent year (or in the case of a new issue, during the time since its initial listing) for all the stocks in the stock universe; (2) ranks the stocks in the stock universe in descending order according to their average daily trading values, and excludes the bottom 50%; and (3) ranks the remaining stocks in descending order according to their average daily market capitalization and selects those which rank top 300 as constituent stocks of the Underlying Index.
The weighting of a company in the Underlying Index is intended to be a reflection of the current importance of that company in the China A-Share market as a whole.
Stocks are selected and weighted according to market capitalization. A company is heavily weighted in the Underlying Index if it has a relatively larger free-float market capitalization than the rest of the constituents in the Underlying Index. The constituents of the Underlying Index are periodically reviewed by the Index Provider to ensure that the Underlying Index continues to reflect the state and structure of the underlying market it measures. The Underlying Index is calculated in real time and is published in RMB (specifically, Chinese onshore RMB (referred to as “CNY”)). The Underlying Index is rebalanced semi-annually every June and December.
During extraordinary market conditions, the Index Provider may delay any scheduled rebalancing of the Underlying Index. During any such delay it is possible that the Underlying Index will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
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Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others,
may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Risk of investing in China. Investments in China involve certain risks and special considerations, including the following:
Investments in A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect and/or via the QFI license granted to the Subadvisor. Restrictions may be imposed on the repatriation of gains and income that may affect the fund’s ability to satisfy redemption requests. Currently, there are three stock exchanges in mainland China, the Shanghai Stock Exchange (“SSE”), the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”) and the Beijing Stock Exchange (“BSE”). The stock exchanges in mainland China are supervised by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) and are highly automated with trading and settlement executed electronically. The stock exchanges in mainland China are substantially smaller, less liquid, and more volatile than the major securities markets in the US.
The SSE commenced trading on December 19, 1990, the SZSE commenced trading on July 3, 1991 and the BSE commenced trading on November 15, 2021. A-Shares may be listed on the SSE, the SZSE and the BSE; while currently B-Shares can be listed on the SSE and the SZSE. Companies whose shares are traded on the SSE and SZSE that are incorporated in mainland China may issue both A-Shares and B-Shares. In China, the A-Shares and B-Shares of an issuer may only trade on one exchange. Both classes represent an ownership interest comparable to a share of common stock and all shares are entitled to substantially the same rights and benefits associated with ownership. A-Shares are traded in RMB.
Because restrictions continue to exist and capital therefore cannot flow freely into the A-Share market, it is possible that in the event of a market disruption, the liquidity of the A-Share market and trading prices of A-Shares could be more severely affected than the liquidity and trading prices of markets where securities are freely tradable and capital therefore flows more freely. The fund cannot predict the nature or duration of such a market disruption or the impact that it may have on the A-Share market and the short-term and long-term prospects of its investments in the A-Share market.
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The Chinese government has in the past taken actions that benefited holders of A-Shares. As A-Shares become more accessible to foreign investors, such as the funds, the Chinese government may be less likely to take action that would benefit holders of A-Shares. In addition, there is no guarantee that any existing QFI license will be maintained or will not be revoked by CSRC at some point in the future. The fund cannot predict what would occur if the Stock Connect program was terminated, or if the relevant QFI license were to be revoked, although such an occurrence would likely have a material adverse effect on the fund.
On May 7, 2020, the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) and SAFE jointly issued the Regulations on Funds of Securities and Futures Investment by Foreign Institutional Investors (PBOC & SAFE Announcement [2020] No. 2) (the “Regulations”) which came into effect on June 6, 2020. The Regulations remove the quota restrictions on investment. However, there is no guarantee that the quotas will continue to be relaxed. On September 25, 2020, the CSRC, the PBOC, and the SAFE jointly issued the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Decree No. 176) and the CSRC issued the Provisions on Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Announcement [2020] No.63), which came into effect on November 1, 2020. The major revisions to the previous rules include merger of the QFII regime and RQFII regime, relaxation of qualification requirements and facilitating investment and operations of QFIIs and RQFIIs, expansion of investment scope and enhancing ongoing supervision. As of the date of this prospectus, this is a relatively new development, and their application may depend on the interpretation given by the relevant PRC authorities. The current QFI laws, rules and regulations are subject to change, which may take retroactive effect. In addition, there can be no assurance that the QFI laws, rules and regulations will not be abolished. The fund which invests in the PRC markets through a QFI, may be adversely affected as a result of such changes.
Custody risks of investing in A-Shares under the QFI program. For investments under the QFI program, the Subadvisor as a QFI is required to select a PRC sub-custodian (the “PRC sub-custodian”) which satisfies relevant requirements as set out in QFI rules and regulations. The PRC sub-custodian maintains the fund’s deposit accounts and oversees the fund’s investments in A-Shares in the PRC to ensure their compliance with the rules and regulations of the CSRC and the PBOC. A-Shares that are traded on the SSE and SZSE are dealt and held in book-entry form through the CSDCC. A-Shares purchased by the Subadvisor, in their capacity as a QFI, on behalf of the fund, may be received by the CSDCC as credited to a
securities trading account maintained by the PRC sub-custodian in the names of the fund and the Subadvisor as the QFI. The Subadvisor may not use the account for any other purpose than for maintaining the fund’s assets. However, given that the securities trading account will be maintained in the name of the Subadvisor for the benefit of the fund, the fund’s assets may not be as well protected as they would be if it were possible for them to be registered and held solely in the name of the fund. In particular, there is a risk that creditors of the Subadvisor may assert that the securities are owned by the Subadvisor and not the fund, and that a court would uphold such an assertion, in which case creditors of the Subadvisor could seize assets of the fund. Because the Subadvisor’s QFI license would be in the name of the Subadvisor rather than the fund, there is also a risk that regulatory actions taken against the Subadvisor by PRC government authorities may affect the fund.
Investors should note that cash deposited in the fund’s account with the PRC sub-custodian will not be segregated but will be a debt owing from the PRC sub-custodian to the fund as a depositor. Such cash will be co-mingled with cash belonging to other clients of the PRC sub-custodian. In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation of the PRC sub-custodian, the fund will not have any proprietary rights to the cash deposited in the account, and the fund will become an unsecured creditor, ranking pari passu with all other unsecured creditors, of the PRC sub-custodian. A fund may face difficulty and/or encounter delays in recovering such debt, or may not be able to recover it in full or at all, in which case the fund will suffer losses.
A-Shares tax risk. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result in unexpected tax liabilities for a fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in an issuer resident in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement or arrangement.
Since the respective inception of Shanghai – Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect, foreign investors (including the fund) investing in A-Shares listed on the SSE through Shanghai – Hong Kong Stock Connect and those listed on the SZSE through Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect would be temporarily exempt from the PRC corporate income tax and value-added tax on the gains on disposal of such A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless reduced under a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax authority. Since November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital
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gains, has been temporarily lifted. The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has been paid by the fund, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. The fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s return could be substantial. The fund may also be liable to the Advisor or Subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on the Advisor or Subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If the fund's direct investments in A-Shares through the Advisor's or Subadvisor’s QFI license in the future becomes subject to repatriation restrictions, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to regulated investment companies (“RICs”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and be subject to tax at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow money to the extent necessary to distribute to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively, including with respect to the possible liability of a fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in the case of a QFI acting for a foreign investor such as the fund is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an RQFII would also be eligible for PRC Business Tax (“BT”) exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on the fund could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e., QFIIs continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from PRC value- added tax, which replaced the BT with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities, including A-Shares.
The PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are adverse to a fund and their shareholders.
If the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting capital gains taxes on such investments (whether made through Stock Connect or a QFI), a fund could be subject to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved (if any). The impact of any such tax liability on a fund’s return could be substantial. A fund will be liable to the Advisor and/or Subadvisor for any Chinese tax that is imposed on the Advisor and/or Subadvisor with respect to the fund’s investments.
To the extent a fund invests in swaps linked to A-Shares, such investments may be less tax-efficient for US tax purposes than a direct investment in A-Shares. Any tax liability incurred by the swap counterparty may be passed on to a fund. When a fund sells a swap on A-Shares, the sale price may take into account of the QFI’s tax liability.
Investments in swaps and other derivatives may be subject to special US federal income tax rules that could adversely affect the character, timing and amount of income earned by a fund (e.g., by causing amounts that would be capital gain to be taxed as ordinary income or to be taken into income earlier than would otherwise be necessary). Also, a fund may be required to periodically adjust its positions in its swaps and derivatives to comply with certain regulatory requirements which may further cause these investments to be less efficient than a direct investment in A-Shares. For example, swaps in which a fund may invest may need to be reset on a regular basis in order to maintain compliance with the 1940 Act, which may increase the likelihood that the fund will generate short-term capital gains. In addition, because the application of special tax rules to a fund and its investments may be uncertain, it is possible that the manner in which they are applied by the fund may be determined to be incorrect. In that event, a fund may be found to have failed to maintain its qualification as a RIC or to be subject to additional US tax liability. A fund may make investments, both directly and through swaps or other derivative positions, in companies classified as passive foreign investment companies for US federal income tax purposes (“PFICs”). Investments in PFICs are subject to special tax rules which may result in adverse tax consequences to the fund and its shareholders.
Risks of investing through Stock Connect. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a number of restrictions that may affect the fund’s investments and returns. Although no individual investment quotas or licensing requirements apply to investors in Stock Connect, trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect. The Daily Quota does not belong to the fund and is utilized by all investors on
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a first-come-first- serve basis. As such, buy orders for securities under Stock Connect would be rejected once the Daily Quota is exceeded (although the fund will be permitted to sell the securities regardless of the Daily Quota balance). The Daily Quota may restrict the fund’s ability to invest in eligible securities through Stock Connect on a timely basis, which could affect the fund’s ability to effectively pursue its investment strategy. The Daily Quota is also subject to change.
In addition, investments made through Stock Connect are subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that are relatively untested in the PRC, which could pose risks to the fund. Moreover, eligible securities through Stock Connect (“Stock Connect Securities”) generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other than through Stock Connect in accordance with applicable rules. While securities must be designated as eligible to be traded under Stock Connect (such eligible securities listed on the SSE, the “SSE Securities,” and such eligible securities listed on the SZSE, the “SZSE Securities”), those securities may also lose such designation, and if this occurs, such securities may be sold but could no longer be purchased through Stock Connect. With respect to sell orders under Stock Connect, the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (“SEHK”) carries out pre-trade checks to ensure an investor has sufficient securities in its account before the market opens on the trading day. Accordingly, if there are insufficient securities in an investor’s account before the market opens on the trading day, the sell order will be rejected, which may adversely impact the funds’ performance. However, the fund may request a custodian to open a special segregated account (“SPSA”) in CCASS (the Central Clearing and Settlement System operated by HKSCC (the Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited) for the clearing securities listed or traded on SEHK) to maintain its holdings in securities under the enhanced pre-trade checking model. Each SPSA will be assigned a unique “Investor ID” by CCASS for the purpose of facilitating Stock Connect order routing system to verify the holdings of an investor such as the fund. Provided that there is sufficient holding in the SPSA when a broker inputs the fund’s sell order, the fund will be able to dispose of its holdings of securities (as opposed to the practice of transferring securities to the broker’s account under the current pre-trade checking model for non-SPSA accounts). Opening of the SPSA accounts for the fund will enable it to dispose of its holdings of securities in a timely manner.
In addition, Stock Connect will only operate on days when both the mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an investment in A- Shares through Stock Connect may subject the fund to the risk of price fluctuations on days when the Chinese markets are open, but Stock Connect is not trading. The mainland Chinese and Hong Kong regulators have announced in August 2022 to enhance the trading calendar for Stock Connect, to allow
Stock Connect trading on all the days which are trading days in both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets, even when the corresponding settlement days would be public holidays. However, as of the date of this Prospectus, such enhancements have not been implemented and detailed operational rules are yet to be issued. As such, it is uncertain how such enhanced trading calendar will be operated. Each of the SEHK, SSE and SZSE reserves the right to suspend trading under Stock Connect under certain circumstances. Where such a suspension of trading is effected, the fund’s ability to access securities through Stock Connect will be adversely affected. In addition, if one or both of the Chinese and Hong Kong markets are closed on a US trading day, the fund may not be able to acquire or dispose of securities through Stock Connect in a timely manner, which could adversely affect the fund’s performance.
The fund’s investments in securities though Stock Connect are held by its custodian in accounts in CCASS maintained by the HKSCC, which in turn holds the securities, as the nominee holder, through an omnibus securities account in its name registered with the China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited (“CSDCC”). The precise nature and rights of each fund as the beneficial owner of the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities through HKSCC as nominee is not well defined under PRC law. There is a lack of a clear definition of, and distinction between, legal ownership and beneficial ownership under PRC law and there have been few cases involving a nominee account structure in the PRC courts. The exact nature and methods of enforcement of the rights and interests of each fund under PRC law is also uncertain. In the unlikely event that HKSCC becomes subject to winding up proceedings in Hong Kong, there is a risk that the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities may not be regarded as held for the beneficial ownership of each fund or as part of the general assets of HKSCC available for general distribution to its creditors.
Notwithstanding the fact that HKSCC does not claim proprietary interests in the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities held in its omnibus stock account in the CSDCC, the CSDCC as the share registrar for SSE- or SZSE-listed companies will still treat HKSCC as one of the shareholders when it handles corporate actions in respect of such SSE Securities or SZSE Securities. HKSCC monitors the corporate actions affecting SSE Securities and SZSE Securities and keeps participants of CCASS informed of all such corporate actions that require CCASS participants to take steps in order to participate in them. A fund will therefore depend on HKSCC for both settlement and notification and implementation of corporate actions.
The HKSCC is responsible for the clearing, settlement and the provisions of depositary, nominee and other related services of the trades executed by Hong Kong market participants and investors. Accordingly, investors do not hold SSE Securities or SZSE Securities directly – they are held through their brokers’ or custodians’ accounts with
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CCASS. The HKSCC and the CSDCC establish clearing links and each has become a participant of the other to facilitate clearing and settlement of cross-border trades. Should CSDCC default and the CSDCC be declared as a defaulter, HKSCC’s liabilities in Stock Connect under its market contracts with clearing participants will be limited to assisting clearing participants in pursuing their claims against the CSDCC. In that event, the fund may suffer delays in the recovery process or may not be able to fully recover its losses from the CSDCC.
Market participants are able to participate in Stock Connect subject to meeting certain information technology capability, risk management and other requirements as may be specified by the relevant exchange and/or clearing house. Further, the “connectivity” in Stock Connect requires the routing of orders across the borders of Hong Kong and the PRC. This requires the development of new information technology systems on the part of the SEHK and exchange participants. There is no assurance that these systems will function properly or will continue to be adapted to changes and developments in both markets. In the event that the relevant systems fail to function properly, trading in securities through Stock Connect could be disrupted, and the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be adversely affected.
A primary feature of Stock Connect is the application of the home market’s laws and rules applicable to investors in securities. Therefore, the fund’s investments in Stock Connect Securities are generally subject to PRC securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions.
Finally, according to Caishui [2014] 81 (“Circular 81”) and Caishui [2016] 127 (“Circular 127”), while foreign investors are exempted from paying capital gains or business taxes (later, value-added taxes) on income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect, these PRC tax rules could be changed, which could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund. Dividends derived from A-Shares are subject to a 10% PRC withholding income tax generally. PRC stamp duty is also payable for transactions in A-Shares through Stock Connect. Currently, PRC stamp duty on A-Shares transactions is only imposed on the seller, but not on the purchaser, at the tax rate of 0.1% of the total sales value.
Circular 81 and Circular 127 stipulate that PRC business tax (and, subsequently, PRC value-added tax) is temporarily exempted on capital gains derived by Hong Kong market participants (including the fund) from the trading of A-Shares through Stock Connect. According to Caishui [2016] No. 36, the PRC value-added tax reform in the PRC will be expanded to all industries, including financial services, starting May 1, 2016. The PRC business tax exemption prescribed in Circular 81 is grandfathered under the value-added tax regime.
The Stock Connect program is a relatively new program. Further developments are likely and there can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether
future developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect the fund’s investments or returns. In addition, the application and interpretation of the laws and regulations of Hong Kong and the PRC, and the rules, policies or guidelines published or applied by relevant regulators and exchanges in respect of the Stock Connect program are uncertain, and they may have a detrimental effect on the fund’s investments and returns.
Political and economic risk. The economy of China, which has been in a state of transition from a planned economy to a more market oriented economy, differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including the level of government involvement, its state of development, its growth rate, control of foreign exchange, and allocation of resources. Although the majority of productive assets in China are still owned by the PRC government at various levels, in recent years, the PRC government has implemented economic reform measures emphasizing utilization of market forces in the development of the economy of China and a high level of management autonomy. The economy of China has experienced significant growth in recent decades, but growth has been uneven both geographically and among various sectors of the economy. Economic growth has also been accompanied by periods of high inflation. The PRC government has implemented various measures from time to time to control inflation and restrain the rate of economic growth.
For several decades, the PRC government has carried out economic reforms to achieve decentralization and utilization of market forces to develop the economy of the PRC. These reforms have resulted in significant economic growth and social progress. However, there can be no assurance that the PRC government will continue to pursue such economic policies or that such policies, if pursued, will be successful. Any adjustment and modification of those economic policies may have an adverse impact on the securities markets in the PRC as well as the constituent securities of the Underlying Index. Further, the PRC government may from time to time adopt corrective measures to control the growth of the PRC economy which may also have an adverse impact on the capital growth and performance of the fund.
Political changes, social instability and adverse diplomatic developments in the PRC could result in the imposition of additional government restrictions including expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxes or nationalization of some or all of the property held by the issuers of the A-Shares in the fund’s Underlying Index. The laws, regulations, including the investment regulations, government policies and political and economic climate in China may change with little or no advance notice. Any such change could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of securities in the fund’s portfolio.
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The Chinese government continues to be an active participant in many economic sectors through ownership positions and regulations. The allocation of resources in China is subject to a high level of government control. The Chinese government strictly regulates the payment of foreign currency denominated obligations and sets monetary policy. Through its policies, the government may provide preferential treatment to particular industries or companies. Recently, the Chinese government has become more aggressive about regulating the operations of particular companies or sectors, including large companies which are indirectly listed in the US. These regulations may substantially limit or prohibit the operations of such companies and cause investors to lose some or all of the value of their investment. The policies set by the government could have a substantial effect on the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments.
The Chinese economy is export-driven and highly reliant on trade. The performance of the Chinese economy may differ favorably or unfavorably from the US economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation, currency depreciation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. The domestic consumer class in China is still emergent, while the economy's dependence on exports may not be sustainable. Adverse changes to the economic conditions of its primary trading partners, such as the European Union, the US, Hong Kong, the Association of South East Asian Nations, and Japan, would adversely affect the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments.
In addition, as much of China’s growth over recent decades has been a result of significant investment in substantial export trade, international trade tensions may arise from time to time which can result in trade tariffs, embargoes, trade limitations, trade wars and other negative consequences. The current political climate has intensified concerns about trade tariffs and a potential trade war between China and the US. These consequences may trigger a significant reduction in international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of China’s export industry with a potentially severe negative impact to the fund. In addition, it is possible that the continuation or worsening of the current political climate could result in regulatory restrictions being contemplated or imposed in the US or in China that could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective. In July 2020, the President’s Working Group on Financial Markets (“PWG”) proposed a number of regulatory changes aimed at addressing potential risks to US investors from investments in issuers that provide limited access to their financial statements, including Chinese companies. The PWG’s proposals included having the SEC consider encouraging or requiring US registered funds to conduct additional due diligence on an index’s exposure to
such issuers and how the index provider addresses concerns arising from limited availability of such issuers’ financial information. If the SEC adopts these proposals, they could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index. In addition, in June 2021, the President of the United States issued an executive order (“CMIC Order”) prohibiting US persons, including the fund, from purchasing or selling publicly traded securities (including publicly traded securities that are derivative of, or are designed to provide exposure to, such securities) of any Chinese company identified as a Chinese Military Industrial Complex Company (“CMIC”). This prohibition, effective August 2, 2021, expands on similar sanctions imposed by the prior administration on certain designated Chinese military companies (“CCMCs”) that took effect in January 2021. To the extent that any company in the Underlying Index is identified as a CMIC at any time (or was previously designated as a CCMC), it may have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. Also,in December 2020, the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“HFCAA”) was signed into law. Since the HFCAA was signed, the SEC has placed many Chinese companies listed on a US stock exchange on a watchlist, indicating that securities of foreign issuers (including China) will be de-listed from US stock exchanges if those companies do not permit US oversight of the auditing of their financial information. The potential impact of the HFCAA is unclear at this time, but to the extent that the fund currently transacts in securities of a foreign company in the Underlying Index on a US exchange but is unable to do so in the future, the fund will have to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities or obtain exposure to such securities through alternative means (such as derivatives), either of which could increase the fund’s costs and have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index. Finally, the Chair of the SEC announced in July 2021 that the SEC would be requiring additional disclosures about the corporate structure of Chinese companies listing in the US (pursuant to which US investors own shares in an offshore shell company rather than the Chinese company itself) and the risks to US investors, including the risks of such companies being delisted from the US exchange under the HFCAA. Events such as these are difficult to predict and may or may not occur in the future.
China has been transitioning to a market economy since the late seventies, and has only recently opened up to foreign investment and permitted private economic activity. Under the economic reforms implemented by the Chinese government, the Chinese economy has experienced tremendous growth, developing into one of the largest and fastest growing economies in the world. There is no assurance, however, that the Chinese government will not revert to the economic policy of central planning
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that it implemented prior to 1978 or that such growth will be sustained in the future. An economic downturn in China would adversely impact the fund’s investments.
From time to time, and as recently as early 2020 with the coronavirus known as COVID-19, China has experienced outbreaks of infectious illnesses, and the country may be subject to other infectious illnesses, diseases or other public health emergencies in the future. Any public health emergency could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the fund’s investments. These risks may be heightened to the extent China pursues a “zero COVID” or similar strategy that attempts to eradicate the incidence of a disease for extended periods, thus leading to shutdowns or other interventions which affect the Chinese and/or global economy for periods beyond that which might be caused by the public health policies of other countries.
Inflation. Economic growth in China has historically been accompanied by periods of high inflation. Beginning in 2004, the Chinese government commenced the implementation of various measures to control inflation, which included the tightening of the money supply, the raising of interest rates and more stringent control over certain industries. If these measures are not successful, and if inflation were to steadily increase, the performance of the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments could be adversely affected.
Nationalization and expropriation. After the formation of the Chinese socialist state in 1949, the Chinese government renounced various debt obligations and nationalized private assets without providing any form of compensation. There can be no assurance that the Chinese government will not take similar actions in the future. Accordingly, an investment in the fund involves a risk of a total loss.
Hong Kong policy. As part of Hong Kong’s transition from British to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, China agreed to allow Hong Kong to maintain a high degree of autonomy with regard to its political, legal and economic systems for a period of at least 50 years. China controls matters that relate to defense and foreign affairs. Under the agreement, China does not tax Hong Kong, does not limit the exchange of the Hong Kong dollar for foreign currencies and does not place restrictions on free trade in Hong Kong. However, there is no guarantee that China will continue to honor the agreement, and China may change its policies regarding Hong Kong at any time. As of July 2020, the Chinese Standing Committee of the National People's Congress enacted the Law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, (the “Hong Kong Law”), which imposed substantial limits on Hong Kong’s political and legal autonomy in a manner widely considered within Hong Kong and by other countries as a violation of China’s agreement in 1997.
Hong Kong has experienced wide protests and extensive turmoil before and after the enactment of this law. Also as of July 2020, Hong Kong is no longer afforded preferential economic treatment by the United States under US law, and there is uncertainty as to how the economy of Hong Kong will be affected. Any further changes in China's policies could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of securities in the fund’s portfolio.
Chinese securities markets. The securities markets in China have a limited operating history and are not as developed as those in the US. The markets tend to be smaller in size, have less liquidity and historically have had greater volatility than markets in the US and some other countries. In addition, under normal market conditions, there is less regulation and monitoring of Chinese securities markets and the activities of investors, brokers and other participants than in the US. Accordingly, issuers of securities in China are not subject to the same degree of regulation as are US issuers with respect to such matters as insider trading rules, tender offer regulation, stockholder proxy requirements and the requirements mandating timely disclosure of information. During periods of significant market volatility, the Chinese government has, from time to time, intervened in its domestic securities markets to a greater degree than would be typical in more developed markets, including both direct and indirect market stabilization efforts, which may affect valuations of Chinese issuers. Stock markets in China are in the process of change and further development. This may lead to trading volatility, difficulty in the settlement and recording of transactions and difficulty in interpreting and applying the relevant regulations.
Available disclosure about Chinese companies. Chinese companies are required to follow Chinese accounting standards and practices, which only follow international accounting standards to a certain extent. However, the accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices applicable to PRC companies, including those listed on US exchanges, may be less rigorous, and there may be significant differences between financial statements prepared in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and practice and those prepared in accordance with international accounting standards. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of a Chinese issuer may not reflect its financial position or results of operations in the way they would be reflected had such financial statements been prepared in accordance with US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The quality of audits in China may be unreliable, which may require enhanced procedures. Consequently, the fund may not be provided the same degree of protection or information as would generally apply in developed countries and the fund may be exposed to significant losses. There is also substantially less publicly available information about Chinese issuers than there is about US issuers. Therefore, disclosure of certain material information may
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not be made, and less information may be available to the fund and other investors than would be the case if the fund’s investments were restricted to securities of US issuers. Under the HFCAA, Chinese companies with securities listed in the US may be delisted if they do not meet US accounting and auditor oversight requirements, which could cause the fund to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities or obtain exposure to such securities through alternative means (such as derivatives), either of which could increase the fund's costs and have a material adverse effect on the fund's ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index.
Chinese corporate and securities law. The regulations which regulate investments by QFIs in the PRC and the repatriation of capital from QFI investments are relatively new. As a result, the application and interpretation of such investment regulations are therefore relatively untested. In addition, PRC authorities and regulators have broad discretion under such investment regulations and there is little precedent or certainty evidencing how such discretion will be exercised now or in the future.
The fund’s rights with respect to its investments in A-Shares (as applicable), if any, generally will not be governed by US law, and instead will generally be governed by Chinese law. China operates under a civil law system, in which court precedent is not binding. Because there is no binding precedent to interpret existing statutes, there is uncertainty regarding the implementation of existing law.
Legal principles relating to corporate affairs and the validity of corporate procedures, directors’ fiduciary duties and liabilities and stockholders’ rights often differ from those that may apply in the US and other countries. Chinese laws providing protection to investors, such as laws regarding the fiduciary duties of officers and directors, are undeveloped and will not provide investors, such as the fund, with protection in all situations where protection would be provided by comparable laws in the US. China lacks a national set of laws that address all issues that may arise with regard to a foreign investor such as the fund. It may therefore be difficult for the fund to enforce its rights as an investor under Chinese corporate and securities laws, and it may be difficult or impossible for the fund to obtain a judgment in court. Moreover, as Chinese corporate and securities laws continue to develop, these developments may adversely affect foreign investors, such as the fund.
Due to restrictions on foreign ownership of Chinese companies imposed under Chinese law, Chinese companies that are listed in the US typically do not offer common stock in the company itself to US investors. Rather, Chinese companies typically offer shares of an offshore shell company (typically referred to as a “variable interest entity” or “VIE”) that has entered into service and other contracts with the Chinese company. Accordingly, US investors in Chinese companies listed on a US stock exchange do not actually own shares of the Chinese
company itself. The US-listed shell company does not control the Chinese company and must rely on the Chinese company to perform its contractual obligations (which, as noted above, are governed by Chinese corporate and securities laws that are less protective of shareholders than US laws). Moreover, the Chinese government may at any time invalidate or limit the contracts between a Chinese company and the offshore shell company which is offering shares in the US, which may result in the partial or total loss of the value of a US investor's shares in the offshore shell company even if a direct investment in the Chinese company would retain value.
Other sanctions and embargoes. From time to time, certain of the companies in which the fund expects to invest may operate in, or have dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the US government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the US government as state sponsors of terrorism. A company may suffer damage to its reputation if it is identified as a company which operates in, or has dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the US government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the US government as state sponsors of terrorism. As an investor in such companies, the fund will be indirectly subject to those risks.
Foreign exchange control. The Chinese government heavily regulates the domestic exchange of foreign currencies within China. Under China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) regulations, Chinese corporations may only purchase foreign currencies through government approved banks. In general, Chinese companies must receive approval from or register with the Chinese government before investing in certain capital account items, including direct investments and loans, and must thereafter maintain separate foreign exchange accounts for the capital items. Foreign investors may only exchange foreign currencies at specially authorized banks after complying with documentation requirements. These restrictions may adversely affect the fund and its investments. The international community has requested that China ease its restrictions on currency exchange, but it is unclear whether the Chinese government will change its policy.
RMB, is currently not a freely convertible currency as it is subject to foreign exchange control, fiscal policies and repatriation restrictions imposed by the Chinese government. Such control of currency conversion and movements in the RMB exchange rates may adversely affect the operations and financial results of companies in the PRC. In addition, if such control policies change in the future, the fund may be adversely affected. Since 2005, the exchange rate of the RMB is no longer pegged to the US dollar. The RMB has now moved to a managed floating exchange rate based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of foreign currencies. The daily trading price of the
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RMB against other major currencies in the inter-bank foreign exchange market would be allowed to float within a narrow band around the central parity published by the People’s Bank of China. As the exchange rates are based primarily on market forces, the exchange rates for RMB against other currencies, including the US dollar, are susceptible to movements based on external factors. There can be no assurance that the RMB will not be subject to appreciation or devaluation, either due to changes in government policy or market factors. Any devaluation of the RMB could adversely affect the value of the fund’s investments. The PRC government imposes restrictions on the remittance of RMB out of and into China. To the extent the fund invests through a QFI, the fund may be required to remit foreign freely convertible currencies (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) to the PRC to settle the purchase of A-Shares and other permissible securities by the fund. In the event such remittance is disrupted, the fund may not be able to fully replicate its Underlying Index by investing in the relevant A-Shares and this will increase the tracking error of the fund. Any delay in repatriation out of China may result in delay in payment of redemption proceeds to the redeeming investors. The Chinese government’s policies on exchange control and repatriation restrictions are subject to change, and the fund’s performance may be adversely affected.
Foreign currency considerations. The assets of the fund are invested primarily in the equity securities of issuers in China and the income received by the fund will be primarily in RMB.
RMB can be further categorized into onshore RMB (“CNY”), traded only in the PRC, and offshore RMB (“CNH”), traded outside the PRC. CNY and CNH are traded at different exchange rates and their exchange rates may not move in the same direction. Although there has been a growing amount of RMB held offshore, CNH cannot be freely remitted into the PRC and is subject to certain restrictions, and vice versa. The fund may also be adversely affected by the exchange rates between CNY and CNH. There is no assurance that there will always be RMB available in sufficient amounts for the fund to remain fully invested.
Meanwhile, the fund will compute and expects to distribute its income in US dollars, and the computation of income will be made on the date that the income is earned by the fund at the foreign exchange rate in effect on that date. Any gain or loss attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the fund accrues income or gain and the time the fund converts such income or gain from RMB to the US dollar is generally treated as ordinary income or loss for US federal income tax purposes. Therefore, if the value of the RMB increases relative to the US dollar between the accrual of income and the time at which the fund converts the RMB to US dollars, the fund will recognize ordinary income when the
RMB is converted. In such circumstances, if the fund has insufficient cash in US dollars to meet distribution requirements under the Internal Revenue Code, the fund may be required to liquidate certain positions in order to make distributions. The liquidation of investments, if required, may also have an adverse impact on the fund’s performance.
Furthermore, the fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between US dollars and RMB. Foreign exchange dealers realize a profit based on the difference between the prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies. Thus, a dealer normally will offer to sell a foreign currency to the fund at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the fund desire immediately to resell that currency to the dealer. A fund will conduct its foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market, or through entering into forward, futures or options contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies.
Currently, there is no market in China in which the fund may engage in hedging transactions to minimize RMB foreign exchange risk in CNY, and there can be no guarantee that instruments suitable for hedging currency in CNY will be available to the fund in China at any time in the future. In the event that in the future it becomes possible to hedge RMB currency risk in China in CNY, the fund may seek to reduce the foregoing currency risks by engaging in hedging transactions. In that case, the fund may enter into forward currency exchange contracts and currency futures contracts and options on such futures contracts, as well as purchase put or call options on currencies, in China. The fund does not currently intend to hedge RMB currency risk in CNH. Currency hedging would involve special risks, including possible default by the other party to the transaction, illiquidity and, to the extent the Advisor’s or Subadvisor’s (as applicable) view as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk that the use of hedging could result in losses greater than if they had not been used. The use of currency transactions could result in the fund’s incurring losses as a result of the imposition of exchange controls, exchange rate regulation, suspension of settlements or the inability to deliver or receive a specified currency.
PRC brokers risk. Regulations adopted by the CSRC and SAFE under which the fund will invest in A-Shares provide that the Subadvisor as a QFI, may select PRC broker(s) to execute transactions on its behalf on each of the PRC exchanges. The Subadvisor may select the same broker(s) for all exchanges. As a result, the Subadvisor will have less flexibility to choose among brokers on behalf of the fund than is typically the case for US investment managers. In the event of any default of a PRC broker in the execution or settlement of any transaction or in the
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transfer of any funds or securities in the PRC, the fund may encounter delays in recovering its assets which may in turn adversely impact the NAV of the fund.
If the Subadvisor is unable to use one of its designated PRC brokers in the PRC, units of the fund may trade at a premium or discount to its NAV or the fund may not be able to track the Underlying Index. Further, the operation of the fund may be adversely affected in the case of any acts or omissions of a PRC broker, which may result in increased tracking error or the fund being traded at a significant premium or discount to its NAV. The limited number of PRC brokers that may be appointed may cause the fund to not necessarily pay the lowest commission available in the market. The Subadvisor, however, in its selection of PRC brokers will consider such factors as the competitiveness of commission rates, size of the relevant orders, and execution standards. There is a risk that the fund may suffer losses from the default, bankruptcy or disqualification of the PRC brokers. In such events, the fund may be adversely affected in the execution of any transaction.
Disclosure of interests and short swing profit rule. The fund may be subject to shareholder disclosure of interest regulations promulgated by the CSRC. These regulations currently require the fund to make certain public disclosures when the fund and parties acting in concert with the fund acquire 5% or more of the issued voting securities of a listed company (which include A-Shares of the listed company). If the reporting requirement is triggered, the fund will be required to report information which includes, but is not limited to: (a) information about the fund (and parties acting in concert with the fund) and the type and extent of its holdings in the company; (b) a statement of the fund’s purposes for the investment and whether the fund intends to increase its holdings over the following 12-month period; (c) a statement of the fund’s historical investments in the company over the previous six months; (d) the time of, and other information relating to, the transaction that triggered the fund’s holding in the listed company reaching the 5% reporting threshold; and (e) other information that may be required by the CSRC or the stock exchange. Additional information may be required if the fund and its concerted parties constitute the largest shareholder or actual controlling shareholder of the listed company. The report must be made to the CSRC, the stock exchange, the invested company, and the CSRC local representative office where the listed company is located. A fund would also be required to make a public announcement through a media outlet designated by the CSRC. The public announcement must contain the same content as the official report. The public announcement may require the fund to disclose its holdings to the public, which could have an adverse effect on the performance of the fund.
The relevant PRC regulations presumptively treat all affiliated investors and investors under common control as parties acting in concert. As such, under a conservative interpretation of these regulations, the fund may be
deemed as a “concerted party” of other funds managed by the Advisor, Subadvisor or their affiliates and therefore may be subject to the risk that the fund’s holdings may be required to be reported in the aggregate with the holdings of such other funds should the aggregate holdings trigger the reporting threshold under the PRC law. If the 5% shareholding threshold is triggered by the fund and parties acting in concert with the fund, the fund would be required to file its report within three days of the date the threshold is reached. During the time limit for filing the report, a trading freeze applies and the fund would not be permitted to make subsequent trades in the invested company’s securities. Any such trading freeze may undermine the fund’s performance, if the fund would otherwise make trades during that period but is prevented from doing so by the regulation.
Once the fund and parties acting in concert reach the 5% trading threshold as to any listed company, any subsequent incremental increase or decrease of 5% or more will trigger a further reporting requirement and an additional trading freeze from the date the threshold is reached to the end of three days after the report and announcement is made. These trading freezes may undermine the fund’s performance as described above. According to the securities laws of China, whoever purchases the voting securities of a listed company in violation of the requirements in this paragraph may not exercise the voting rights of the securities that exceed the threshold within 36 months after purchasing them.
Further, once the fund and parties acting in concert reach the 5% trading threshold as to any listed company, for any subsequent incremental increase or decrease of 1%, the fund would be required to notify the listed company and make an announcement thereon on the day immediately after the date the threshold is reached. Also, SSE requirements currently require the fund and parties acting in concert, once they have reach the 5% threshold, to disclose whenever their shareholding drops below this threshold (even as a result of trading which is less than the 5% incremental change that would trigger a reporting requirement under the relevant CSRC regulation).
CSRC regulations also contain additional disclosure (and tender offer) requirements that apply when an investor and parties acting in concert reach thresholds of 20% and greater than 30% shareholding in a company.
Subject to the interpretation of PRC courts and PRC regulators, the operation of the PRC short swing profit rule may be applicable to the trading of the fund with the result that where the holdings of the fund (possibly with the holdings of other investors deemed as concert parties of the fund) exceed 5% of the total issued voting shares of a listed company, the fund may not reduce its holdings in the company within six months of the last purchase of shares of the company. If a fund violates the rule, it may be required by the listed company to return any profits realized from such trading to the listed company. In addition,
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the rule limits the ability of the fund to repurchase securities of the listed company within six months of such sale. Moreover, under PRC civil procedures, the fund’s assets may be frozen to the extent of the claims made by the company in question. These risks may greatly impair the performance of the fund.
Investment and repatriation restrictions. Investments by the fund in A-Shares (as well as other Chinese financial instruments permitted by the CSRC and the People’s Bank of China, including open- and closed-end investment companies) may be subject to governmental pre-approval limitations on the quantity that the fund may purchase and/or limits on the classes of securities in which the fund may invest.
With respect to investments in A-Shares made through the QFI program, repatriations by QFIs are currently not subject to repatriation restrictions or prior regulatory approval, although a review on authenticity and compliance will be conducted on each remittance and repatriation by the PRC sub-custodian appointed by the QFI. The repatriation process may be subject to certain requirements set out in the relevant regulations such as submission of certain documents, and completion of the repatriation process may be subject to delay. Furthermore, as the PRC sub-custodian’s review on authenticity and compliance is conducted on each repatriation, the repatriation may be delayed or even rejected by the PRC sub-custodian in case of non-compliance with the QFI rules and regulations. In such case, redemption proceeds will be paid to the redeeming investors as soon as practicable after completion of the repatriation of funds concerned. The actual time required for the completion of the relevant repatriation will be beyond the Subadvisor’s control. There is no assurance, however, that PRC rules and regulations will not change or that repatriation restrictions will not be imposed in the future. Any restrictions on repatriation of the fund’s assets may adversely affect the fund’s ability to meet redemption requests and/or may cause the fund to borrow money in order to meet its obligations. These limitations may also prevent the fund from making certain distributions to shareholders.
The Chinese government limits foreign investment in the securities of certain Chinese issuers entirely, if foreign investment is banned in respect of the industry in which the relevant Chinese issuers are conducting their business. These restrictions or limitations may have adverse effects on the liquidity and performance of the fund’s holdings as compared to the performance of the Underlying Index. This may increase the risk of tracking error and, at the worst, the fund may not be able to achieve its investment objective.
A-Shares currency risk. The fund’s investments in A-Shares will be denominated in RMB and the income received by the fund in respect of such investments will be in RMB. As a result, changes in currency exchange rates may adversely affect the fund’s returns. The value of the RMB
may be subject to a high degree of fluctuation due to changes in interest rates, the effects of monetary policies issued by the PRC, the US, foreign governments, central banks or supranational entities, the imposition of currency controls or other national or global political or economic developments. Therefore, the fund’s exposure to RMB may result in reduced returns to the fund. The fund does not expect to hedge its currency risk. Moreover, the fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between US dollars and RMB and will bear the risk of any inability to convert the RMB.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
In addition, various PRC companies derive their revenues in RMB but have requirements for foreign currency, including for the import of materials, debt service on foreign currency denominated debt, purchases of imported equipment and payment of any cash dividends declared.
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The existing PRC foreign exchange regulations have significantly reduced government foreign exchange controls for certain transactions, including trade and service related foreign exchange transactions and payment of dividends. However, it is impossible to predict whether the PRC government will continue its existing foreign exchange policy and when the PRC government will allow free conversion of the RMB to foreign currency. Certain foreign exchange transactions, including principal payments in respect of foreign currency-denominated obligations, currently continue to be subject to significant foreign exchange controls and require the approval of SAFE. Since 1994, the conversion of RMB into US dollars has been based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China, which are set daily based on the previous day’s PRC interbank foreign exchange market rate. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government introduced a managed floating exchange rate system to allow the value of RMB to fluctuate within a regulated band based on market supply and demand and by reference to a basket of currencies. In addition, a market maker system was introduced to the interbank spot foreign exchange market. In July 2008, China announced that its exchange rate regime was further transformed into a managed floating mechanism based on market supply and demand. Given the domestic and overseas economic developments, the PBOC decided to further improve the RMB exchange rate regime in June 2010 to enhance the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate. In April 2012, the PBOC decided to take a further step to increase the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate by expanding the daily trading band from +/– 0.5% to +/– 1%. Effective from March 17, 2014, the floating band of RMB against USD on the inter-bank spot foreign exchange market was enlarged from 1% to 2%, i.e., on every trading day on the inter-bank spot market, the trading prices of RMB against USD would fluctuate within a band of +/– 2 below and above the central parity as released by the China Foreign Exchange Trade System on that day. On each business day, the spread between the RMB/USD buying and selling prices offered by the designated foreign exchange banks to their clients was within 3% of the published central parity of USD on that day, instead of 2%. Effective from August 11, 2015, the RMB central parity is fixed against the USD by reference to the closing rate of the interbank foreign exchange market on the previous day (rather than the previous morning’s official setting). It is not possible to predict nor give any assurance of any future stability of the RMB to US dollar exchange rate. Fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect the fund’s NAV. Furthermore, because dividends are declared in US dollars and underlying payments are made in RMB, fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect dividends paid by the fund.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which
the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
To the extent the fund invests in swaps to gain exposure to A-Shares in an effort to achieve the fund’s investment objective, the fund will be subject to the risk that the
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number of counterparties able to enter into swaps to provide exposure to A-Shares may be limited. To the extent that the QFI license of a potential swap counterparty is revoked or eliminated due to actions by the Chinese government or as a result of transactions entered into by the counterparty with other investors, the counterparty’s ability to continue to enter into swaps or other derivative transactions with the fund may be reduced or eliminated, which could have a material adverse effect on the fund. These risks are compounded by the fact that at present there are only a limited number of potential counterparties willing and able to enter into swap transactions linked to the performance of A-Shares.
Furthermore, swaps are of limited duration and there is no guarantee that swaps entered into with a counterparty will continue indefinitely. Accordingly, the duration of a swap depends on, among other things, the ability of the fund to renew the expiration period of the relevant swap at agreed upon terms. QFIs may be limited or prohibited from entering into swap or other derivative transactions on QFI investments with the fund, which, in turn, could adversely affect the fund.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Certain events in the financials sector may cause an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, and cause certain financials sector companies to incur large losses. Securities of financials sector companies may experience a decline in value when such companies experience substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, take action to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or cease operations. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and financial losses associated with investment activities can negatively impact the financials sector. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets can be particularly affected by market turmoil.
The financial services sector in China is also undergoing significant change, including continuing consolidations, development of new products and structures and changes to its regulatory framework, which may have an impact
on the issuers included in the Underlying Index. Increased government involvement in the financial services sector, including measures such as taking ownership positions in financial institutions, could result in a dilution of the fund’s investments in financial institutions.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Consumer staples sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer staples sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer staples sector. Companies in the consumer staples sector may be adversely affected by changes in the global economy, consumer spending, competition, demographics and consumer preferences, and production spending. Companies in the consumer staples sector are also affected by changes in government regulation, global economic, environmental and political events, economic conditions and the depletion of resources. In addition, companies in the consumer staples sector may be subject to risks pertaining to the supply of, demand for and prices of raw materials. The prices of raw materials fluctuate in response to a number of factors, including, without limitation, changes in government agricultural support programs, exchange rates, import and export controls, changes in international agricultural and trading policies, and seasonal and weather conditions.
Information technology sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the information technology sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the information technology sector. Information technology companies are particularly vulnerable to government regulation and competition, both domestically and internationally, including competition from foreign competitors with lower production costs. Information technology companies also face competition for services of qualified personnel. Additionally, the products of information technology companies may face obsolescence due to rapid technological development and frequent new product introduction by competitors. Finally, information technology companies are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights, the loss or impairment of which may adversely affect profitability.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests
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in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
If the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments (including China A-Shares), the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may prevent the fund from being able to realize full value and thus sell a security for its full valuation. This could cause a material decline in the fund’s net asset value.
Tracking error risk. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of its Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure to the required levels in order to track the Underlying Index. In addition, to the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index) it may cause the fund to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to legal restrictions or limitations imposed by the governments of certain countries, a lack of liquidity in the markets
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in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its NAV based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on securities’ closing prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. The performance of the fund also may diverge from that of the Underlying Index if the Advisor and/or Subadvisor seek to gain exposure to A-Shares by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles because the Stock Connect Daily Quota has been exhausted or the Subadvisor is unable to maintain its QFI status. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the
creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers. exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of a fund.
In addition, the securities held by a fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of a fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The bid/ask spread of the Fund may be wider in comparison to the bid/ask spread of other ETFs, due to the Fund’s exposure to A-Shares. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with a fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account
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for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Valuation risk. Because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
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Cash transactions risk. Unlike many ETFs, the fund expects to effect its creations and redemptions principally for cash, rather than in-kind securities. Other more conventional ETFs generally are able to make in-kind redemptions and avoid realizing gains in connection with transactions designed to meet redemption requests. Effecting all redemptions for cash may cause the fund to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. Such dispositions may occur at an inopportune time resulting in potential losses to the fund and involve transaction costs. If the fund recognizes a capital loss on these sales, the loss will offset capital gains (subject to certain limitations) and may result in smaller capital gain distributions from the fund. If the fund recognizes gain on these sales, this generally will cause the fund to recognize gain it might not otherwise have recognized if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required. The fund generally intends to distribute these gains to shareholders to avoid being taxed on this gain at the fund level and otherwise comply with the special tax rules that apply to it. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax on gains they would not otherwise be subject to, or at an earlier date than, if they had made an investment in a more conventional ETF.
In addition, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities market is relatively illiquid and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if a fund sold and redeemed its shares principally in-kind, will generally be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. To the extent transaction and other costs associated with a redemption exceed the redemption fee, those transaction costs might be borne by the fund’s remaining shareholders. China may also impose higher local tax rates on transactions involving certain companies. In addition, these factors may result in wider spreads between the bid and the offered prices of the fund’s shares than for more conventional ETFs.
As a practical matter, only institutions and large investors, such as market makers or other large broker-dealers, purchase or redeem Creation Units. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the fund on an exchange.
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
Small and medium-sized company risk. Small and medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are
less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small and medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small and medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
US tax risk. The fund intends to distribute annually all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain. However, should the Chinese government impose restrictions on the fund’s ability to repatriate funds associated with direct investments in A-Shares, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Internal Revenue Code. If the fund fails to satisfy the distribution requirements necessary to qualify for treatment as a RIC for any taxable year, the fund would be treated as a corporation subject to US federal income tax, thereby subjecting any income earned by the fund to tax at the corporate level regardless of whether such income was distributed. If the fund fails to satisfy a separate distribution requirement, it will be subject to a fund-level excise tax. These fund-level taxes will apply in addition to taxes payable at the shareholder level on distributions.
Borrowing risk. Borrowing creates leverage. It also adds to fund expenses and at times could effectively force the fund to sell securities when it otherwise might not want to.
To the extent that the fund borrows money and then invests that money, it creates leverage, in that the fund is exposed to investment risks through the securities it has pledged for collateral as well as through the investments it purchases with the money borrowed against that collateral. This leverage means that changes in the prices of securities the fund owns will have a greater effect on the share price of the fund. The fund incurs interest expense and other costs when it borrows money; therefore, unless returns on assets acquired with borrowed funds are greater than the costs of borrowing, performance will be lower than it would have been without any borrowing. When the fund borrows money it must comply with certain asset coverage requirements, which at times may require the fund to dispose of some of its portfolio holdings even though it may be disadvantageous to do so at that time.
Underlying funds risk. To the extent the fund invests a substantial portion of its assets in one or more Underlying Funds, the fund’s performance will be directly related to the performance of an Underlying Fund. The fund’s investments in other investment companies subject the fund to the risks affecting those investment companies.
In addition, the fund indirectly pays a portion of the expenses incurred by an Underlying Fund, which lowers performance. To the extent that the fund’s allocations favor an Underlying Fund with higher expenses, the overall cost of investing paid by the fund will be higher.
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The fund is also subject to the risk that an Underlying Fund may pay a redemption request made by the fund, wholly or partly, by an in-kind distribution of portfolio securities rather than in cash. The fund may hold such portfolio securities until the Advisor determines to dispose of them, and the fund will bear the market risk of the securities received in the redemption until their disposition. Upon disposing of such portfolio securities, the fund may experience increased brokerage commissions.
An investor in the fund may receive taxable gains from portfolio transactions by an Underlying Fund, as well as taxable gains from transactions in shares of the Underlying Fund held by the fund. As the fund’s allocations to an Underlying Fund change from time to time, or to the extent that the expense ratio of an Underlying Fund changes, the weighted average operating expenses borne by the fund may increase or decrease.
To the extent the fund invests a substantial portion of its assets in shares of foreign investment companies, including but not limited to, ETFs the shares of which are listed and traded primarily or solely on a foreign securities exchange, such foreign funds will not be registered as investment companies with the SEC or subject to the US federal securities laws. As a result, the fund’s ability to transfer shares of such foreign funds outside of the foreign fund’s primary market will be restricted or prohibited. While such foreign funds may operate similarly to domestic funds, the fund as an investor in a foreign fund will not be afforded the same investor protections as are provided by the US federal securities laws.
When the fund invests in a foreign fund, in addition to directly bearing the expenses associated with its own operations, it will bear a pro rata portion of the foreign fund’s expenses. Further, in part because of these additional expenses, the performance of a foreign fund may differ from the performance the fund would achieve if it invested directly in the underlying investments of the foreign fund. The fund’s investments in foreign ETFs will be subject to the risk that the NAV of the foreign fund’s shares may trade below the fund’s NAV. The NAV of foreign fund shares will fluctuate with changes in the market value of the foreign fund’s holdings. The trading prices of foreign fund shares will fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as market supply and demand. The difference between the bid price and ask price, commonly referred to as the “spread,” will also vary for a foreign ETF depending on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity. Generally, the greater the trading volume and market liquidity, the smaller the spread is and vice versa. Any of these factors may lead to a foreign fund’s shares trading at a premium or a discount to NAV.
Portfolio turnover risk. The fund may experience frequent portfolio turnover due to the reconstituting and rebalancing of the Underlying Index. A portfolio turnover rate of 200%, for example, is equivalent to the fund buying and selling all of its securities two times during the course of the year.
A high portfolio turnover rate could result in high brokerage costs and may result in higher taxes when fund shares are held in a taxable account.
Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI China A Inclusion Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to track the equity market performance of China A-Shares that are accessible through the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (“Shanghai Connect”) or the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (“Shenzhen Connect,” and together with Shanghai Connect, “Stock Connect”). “A-Shares” are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated in renminbi (“RMB”). Certain eligible A-Shares are traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (“SSE”) or Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”). The Underlying Index is designed to track the inclusion of A-Shares in the MSCI Emerging Markets Index over time and is constructed by MSCI, Inc. (the “Index Provider” or “MSCI”) by applying eligibility criteria for the MSCI Global Investable Market Indexes (“GIMI”), and then excluding small-capitalization A-Shares (as determined by MSCI), A-Shares suspended for trading for more than 50 days in the past 12 months and A-Shares that are not accessible through Stock Connect. The Underlying Index is weighted by each issuer’s free float-adjusted market capitalization (i.e., includes only shares that are readily available for trading in the market) available to foreign investors and includes only large-capitalization companies, as determined by MSCI. The fund intends to invest in A-Shares included in the Underlying Index primarily through Stock Connect. Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing program with an aim to achieve mutual stock market access between the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”) and Hong Kong. Stock Connect was developed by Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited, the SSE (in the case of Shanghai Connect) or the SZSE (in the case of Shenzhen Connect), and China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited (“CSDCC”). Under Stock Connect, the fund’s trading of eligible A-Shares listed on the SSE or the SZSE, as applicable, would be effectuated through DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”). Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed
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securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect, and as such, buy orders for A-Shares would be rejected once the Daily Quota is exceeded (although the fund will be permitted to sell A-Shares regardless of the Daily Quota balance). The Daily Quota is not specific to the fund, but to all investors investing through the Stock Connect. From time to time, other stock exchanges in China may participate in Stock Connect, and A-Shares listed and traded on such other stock exchanges and accessible through Stock Connect may be added to the Underlying Index, as determined by MSCI.
Under current regulations in China, foreign investors can also invest in the PRC’s domestic securities markets through certain market-access programs. These programs include the Qualified Foreign Investor (“QFI”, including Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“QFII”) and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“RQFII”)) program, where investors will be required to obtain a license from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) in order to participate in the program. QFIs will also need to register with China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) to remit foreign currencies which can be traded on the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) in the PRC for the purpose of investing in the PRC’s domestic securities markets. Investment companies are not currently within the types of entities that are eligible for a QFI license.
The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect, but, in the future, may also utilize a QFI license applied for by and granted to the Advisor and/or a subadvisor subsequently appointed for the fund. In the event the Advisor obtains a QFI license, or appoints a subadvisor that has such license, under certain circumstances, including when the fund’s ability to invest in A-Shares through Stock Connect is restricted as a result of the Daily Quota or otherwise, the Advisor and/or a subadvisor, on behalf of the fund, may invest in A-Shares and other permitted China securities listed on the SSE and SZSE through the QFI program. Accordingly, the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares will be limited in part by the Daily Quota of Stock Connect through the QFI program.
The Advisor expects to use a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the Advisor expects to invest directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the Advisor to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the Advisor may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample
of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when the Advisor is using a representative sampling indexing strategy.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its total assets in securities (including depositary receipts in respect of such securities) of issuers that comprise the Underlying Index. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor and/or subadvisor deem illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available. The fund will seek to achieve its investment objective by primarily investing directly in A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares via Stock Connect and, in the future, may also utilize any QFI license applied for by and granted to the Advisor and/or a subadvisor. While the fund intends to invest primarily and directly in A-Shares, the fund also may invest in securities of issuers not included in the Underlying Index, certain derivative instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection) and other pooled investment vehicles, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), whether or not managed by the Advisor, as well as foreign investment companies, that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. The remainder of the fund’s assets will be invested primarily in money market instruments and cash equivalents. Under normal circumstances, the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in A-Shares of Chinese issuers or in derivative instruments and other securities that provide investment exposure to A-Shares of Chinese issuers.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 494 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $3.55 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $622 million. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced quarterly in February, May, August and November. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the financials (17.03%), industrials (16.68%) and consumer staples (16.62%) sectors. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset
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management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. The consumer staples sector includes companies whose businesses are less sensitive to economic cycles, such as manufacturers and distributors of food, beverages and producers of non-durable household goods and personal products. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The Advisor intends to fully (or at least substantially) replicate the fund’s Underlying Index, but may pursue a representative sampling indexing strategy in circumstances where there is limited availability of component securities or regulatory restrictions that inhibit the transferability of component securities. In addition, from time to time, the Advisor may choose to underweight or overweight a security in the fund’s Underlying Index, purchase securities not included in the Underlying Index that the Advisor believes are appropriate to substitute for certain securities in the Underlying Index, or utilize various combinations of other available investment techniques to seek to track, before fees and expenses, the performance of the Underlying Index. The fund also may seek to gain exposure to A-Shares through means other than Stock Connect, including the use of any future QFI license or any other method permitted by the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”) law and consistent with the fund’s investment policies. The Advisor may also sell securities that are represented in the fund’s Underlying Index in anticipation of their removal from the Underlying Index or purchase securities not represented in the Underlying Index in anticipation of their addition to the Underlying Index.
The fund may invest its assets in other securities, including, but not limited to: (i) interests in pooled investment vehicles, including affiliated and foreign funds (certain funds may not be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and therefore, not subject to the same investor protections as the fund), (ii) securities not in the Underlying Index, including: (a) depositary receipts (depositary receipts, including American depositary receipts (“ADRs”) may be used by the fund in seeking performance that corresponds to the fund’s Underlying Index and in managing cash flows, and they may count towards compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policies), (iii) cash and cash equivalents, (iv) money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor, HGI or their affiliates subject to applicable limitations under the 1940 Act, or exemptions therefrom), (v) convertible securities, (vi) structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal
repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index), and (vii) certain derivative instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. While the fund intends to invest primarily and directly in A-Shares, the fund also may invest in these derivative instruments to the extent that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. A futures contract is a standardized exchange-traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF Index Description.
The Underlying Index is calculated and maintained by MSCI Inc. (the “Index Provider” or “MSCI”). MSCI’s Global Investable Market Indexes (the “MSCI GIMI”) provide exhaustive coverage and non-overlapping market segmentation by market capitalization size and by style. The MSCI GIMI intends to target approximately 99% coverage of the free float-adjusted market capitalization in each market of large-, mid- and small-cap securities.
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MSCI Global Standard Indexes cover all investable large- and mid-cap securities by including approximately 85% of each market’s free float-adjusted market capitalization.
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MSCI Global Small Cap Indexes provide coverage to all companies with a market capitalization below that of the companies in the MSCI Global Standard Indexes.
Defining the Equity Universe. MSCI begins with securities listed in countries in the MSCI GIMI. Of these countries, 23 are classified as developed markets, 24 as emerging markets, and 28 as frontier markets. All listed equity securities and listed securities that exhibit characteristics of equity securities, except mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), equity derivatives, limited partnerships and most investment trusts, are eligible for inclusion in the equity universe. Real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) in some countries and certain income trusts in Canada are also eligible for inclusion. Each company and its securities (i.e., share classes) are classified in only one country, which allows for a distinctive sorting of each company by its respective country.
The Underlying Index is designed to track the equity market performance of China A-Shares that are accessible through the Stock Connect. “A-Shares” are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated in renminbi (“RMB”). Certain eligible A-Shares are traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchanges (“SSE”) or Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”). The Underlying Index is designed to track the inclusion of A-Shares in the MSCI Emerging Markets Index over time and is constructed by MSCI by applying eligibility criteria for the MSCI GIMI, and then excluding mid- and small-capitalization A-Shares (as determined by MSCI), A-Shares suspended for trading for more than 50 days in the past 12 months and A-Shares that are not accessible through Stock Connect. The Underlying Index is weighted by each issuer’s free float-adjusted market capitalization available to foreign investors and includes only large- capitalization companies, as determined by MSCI. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 494 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $3.55 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $622 million. These amounts are subject to change.
The Underlying Index is rebalanced on a quarterly basis in February, May, August, and November.
During extraordinary market conditions, the Index Provider may delay any scheduled rebalancing of the Underlying Index. During any such delay it is possible that the Underlying Index will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others,
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may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Risk of investing in China. Investments in China involve certain risks and special considerations, including the following:
Investments in A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect. In the future, the fund may utilize a QFI license applied for by and granted to the Advisor and/or a subadvisor. Because the fund will not be able to invest directly in A-Shares beyond the limits that may be imposed by Stock Connect, the size of the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares may be limited. In addition, restrictions may be imposed on the repatriation of gains and income that may affect the fund’s ability to satisfy redemption requests. Currently, there are three stock exchanges in mainland China, the Shanghai Stock Exchange (“SSE”), the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”) and the Beijing stock exchange (“BSE”). The stock exchanges in mainland China. The SSE and SZSE are supervised by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) and are highly automated with trading and settlement executed electronically. The stock exchanges in mainland China are substantially smaller, less liquid, and more volatile than the major securities markets in the US.
The SSE commenced trading on December 19, 1990, the SZSE commenced trading on July 3, 1991 and the BSE commenced trading on November 15, 2021. A-Shares may be listed on the SSE, the SZSE and the BSE; while currently B-Shares can be listed on the SSE and the SZSE. Companies whose shares are traded on the SSE and SZSE that are incorporated in mainland China may issue both A-Shares and B-Shares. In China, the A-Shares and B-Shares of an issuer may only trade on one exchange. Both classes represent an ownership interest comparable to a share of common stock and all shares are entitled to substantially the same rights and benefits associated with ownership. A-Shares are traded in RMB.
Because restrictions continue to exist and capital therefore cannot flow freely into the A-Share market, it is possible that in the event of a market disruption, the liquidity of the A-Share market and trading prices of A-Shares could be more severely affected than the liquidity and trading prices of markets where securities are freely tradable and capital therefore flows more freely. The fund cannot predict the
nature or duration of such a market disruption or the impact that it may have on the A-Share market and the short-term and long-term prospects of its investments in the A-Share market.
The Chinese government has in the past taken actions that benefited holders of A-Shares. As A-Shares become more accessible to foreign investors, such as the funds, the Chinese government may be less likely to take action that would benefit holders of A-Shares. In addition, there is no guarantee that any existing QFI license will be maintained or will not be revoked by CSRC at some point in the future. The fund cannot predict what would occur if the Stock Connect program was terminated, or if the relevant QFI license were to be revoked, although such an occurrence would likely have a material adverse effect on the fund.
On May 7, 2020, the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) and SAFE jointly issued the Regulations on Funds of Securities and Futures Investment by Foreign Institutional Investors (PBOC & SAFE Announcement [2020] No. 2) (the “Regulations”) which came into effect on June 6, 2020. The Regulations remove the quota restrictions on investment. However, there is no guarantee that the quotas will continue to be relaxed. On September 25, 2020, the CSRC, the PBOC, and the SAFE jointly issued the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Decree No. 176) and the CSRC issued the Provisions on Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Announcement [2020] No.63), which came into effect on November 1, 2020. The major revisions to the previous rules include merger of the QFII regime and RQFII regime, relaxation of qualification requirements and facilitating investment and operations of QFIIs and RQFIIs, expansion of investment scope and enhancing ongoing supervision. As of the date of this prospectus, this is a relatively new development, and their application may depend on the interpretation given by the relevant PRC authorities. The current QFI laws, rules and regulations are subject to change, which may take retroactive effect. In addition, there can be no assurance that the QFI laws, rules and regulations will not be abolished. The fund, which may in the future invest in the PRC markets through a QFI, may be adversely affected as a result of such changes.
Custody risks of investing in A-Shares under the QFI program. For investments under the QFI program, the Advisor and/or a subadvisor as a QFI is required to select a PRC sub-custodian (the “PRC sub-custodian”) which satisfies relevant requirements as set out in QFI rules and regulations. The PRC sub-custodian maintains the fund’s deposit accounts and oversees the fund’s investments
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in A-Shares in the PRC to ensure their compliance with the rules and regulations of the CSRC and the PBOC. A-Shares that are traded on the SSE and SZSE are dealt and held in book-entry form through the CSDCC. A-Shares purchased by the Advisor and/or a subadvisor, in their capacity as a QFI, on behalf of the fund, may be received by the CSDCC as credited to a securities trading account maintained by the PRC sub-custodian in the names of the fund and the Advisor and/or a subadvisor as the QFI. The Advisor and/or a subadvisor may not use the account for any other purpose than for maintaining the fund’s assets. However, given that the securities trading account will be maintained in the name of the Advisor and/or a subadvisor for the benefit of the fund, the fund’s assets may not be as well protected as they would be if it were possible for them to be registered and held solely in the name of the fund. In particular, there is a risk that creditors of the Advisor and/or a subadvisor may assert that the securities are owned by the Advisor and/or a subadvisor and not the fund, and that a court would uphold such an assertion, in which case creditors of the Advisor and/or a subadvisor could seize assets of the fund. Because the Advisor and/or a subadvisor’s QFI license would be in the name of the Advisor and/or a subadvisor rather than the fund, there is also a risk that regulatory actions taken against the Advisor and/or a subadvisor by PRC government authorities may affect the fund.
Investors should note that cash deposited in the fund’s account with the PRC sub-custodian will not be segregated but will be a debt owing from the PRC sub-custodian to the fund as a depositor. Such cash will be co-mingled with cash belonging to other clients of the PRC sub-custodian. In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation of the PRC sub-custodian, the fund will not have any proprietary rights to the cash deposited in the account, and the fund will become an unsecured creditor, ranking pari passu with all other unsecured creditors, of the PRC sub-custodian. A fund may face difficulty and/or encounter delays in recovering such debt, or may not be able to recover it in full or at all, in which case the fund will suffer losses.
Risks of investing through Stock Connect. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a number of restrictions that may affect the fund’s investments and returns. Although no individual investment quotas or licensing requirements apply to investors in Stock Connect, trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect. The Daily Quota does not belong to the fund and is utilized by all investors on a first-come-first- serve basis. As such, buy orders for securities under Stock Connect would be rejected once the Daily Quota is exceeded (although the fund will be permitted to sell the securities regardless of the Daily
Quota balance). The Daily Quota may restrict the fund’s ability to invest in eligible securities through Stock Connect on a timely basis, which could affect the fund’s ability to effectively pursue its investment strategy. The Daily Quota is also subject to change.
In addition, investments made through Stock Connect are subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that are relatively untested in the PRC, which could pose risks to the fund. Moreover, eligible securities through Stock Connect (“Stock Connect Securities”) generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other than through Stock Connect in accordance with applicable rules. While securities must be designated as eligible to be traded under Stock Connect (such eligible securities listed on the SSE, the “SSE Securities,” and such eligible securities listed on the SZSE, the “SZSE Securities”), those securities may also lose such designation, and if this occurs, such securities may be sold but could no longer be purchased through Stock Connect. With respect to sell orders under Stock Connect, the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (“SEHK”) carries out pre-trade checks to ensure an investor has sufficient securities in its account before the market opens on the trading day. Accordingly, if there are insufficient securities in an investor’s account before the market opens on the trading day, the sell order will be rejected, which may adversely impact the funds’ performance. However, the fund may request a custodian to open a special segregated account (“SPSA”) in CCASS (the Central Clearing and Settlement System operated by HKSCC (the Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited) for the clearing securities listed or traded on SEHK) to maintain its holdings in securities under the enhanced pre-trade checking model. Each SPSA will be assigned a unique “Investor ID” by CCASS for the purpose of facilitating Stock Connect order routing system to verify the holdings of an investor such as the fund. Provided that there is sufficient holding in the SPSA when a broker inputs the fund’s sell order, the fund will be able to dispose of its holdings of securities (as opposed to the practice of transferring securities to the broker’s account under the current pre-trade checking model for non-SPSA accounts). Opening of the SPSA accounts for the fund will enable it to dispose of its holdings of securities in a timely manner.
In addition, Stock Connect will only operate on days when both the mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an investment in A- Shares through Stock Connect may subject the fund to the risk of price fluctuations on days when the Chinese markets are open, but Stock Connect is not trading. The mainland Chinese and Hong Kong regulators have announced in August 2022 to enhance the trading calendar for Stock Connect, to allow Stock Connect trading on all the days which are trading days in both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets, even when the corresponding settlement days would be public holidays. However, as of the date of this Prospectus,
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such enhancements have not been implemented and detailed operational rules are yet to be issued. As such, it is uncertain how such enhanced trading calendar will be operated. Each of the SEHK, SSE and SZSE reserves the right to suspend trading under Stock Connect under certain circumstances. Where such a suspension of trading is effected, the fund’s ability to access securities through Stock Connect will be adversely affected. In addition, if one or both of the Chinese and Hong Kong markets are closed on a US trading day, the fund may not be able to acquire or dispose of securities through Stock Connect in a timely manner, which could adversely affect the fund’s performance.
The fund’s investments in securities though Stock Connect are held by its custodian in accounts in CCASS maintained by the HKSCC, which in turn holds the securities, as the nominee holder, through an omnibus securities account in its name registered with the China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited (“CSDCC”). The precise nature and rights of each fund as the beneficial owner of the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities through HKSCC as nominee is not well defined under PRC law. There is a lack of a clear definition of, and distinction between, legal ownership and beneficial ownership under PRC law and there have been few cases involving a nominee account structure in the PRC courts. The exact nature and methods of enforcement of the rights and interests of each fund under PRC law is also uncertain. In the unlikely event that HKSCC becomes subject to winding up proceedings in Hong Kong, there is a risk that the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities may not be regarded as held for the beneficial ownership of each fund or as part of the general assets of HKSCC available for general distribution to its creditors.
Notwithstanding the fact that HKSCC does not claim proprietary interests in the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities held in its omnibus stock account in the CSDCC, the CSDCC as the share registrar for SSE- or SZSE-listed companies will still treat HKSCC as one of the shareholders when it handles corporate actions in respect of such SSE Securities or SZSE Securities. HKSCC monitors the corporate actions affecting SSE Securities and SZSE Securities and keeps participants of CCASS informed of all such corporate actions that require CCASS participants to take steps in order to participate in them. A fund will therefore depend on HKSCC for both settlement and notification and implementation of corporate actions.
The HKSCC is responsible for the clearing, settlement and the provisions of depositary, nominee and other related services of the trades executed by Hong Kong market participants and investors. Accordingly, investors do not hold SSE Securities or SZSE Securities directly – they are held through their brokers’ or custodians’ accounts with CCASS. The HKSCC and the CSDCC establish clearing links and each has become a participant of the other to facilitate clearing and settlement of cross-border trades. Should CSDCC default and the CSDCC be declared as
a defaulter, HKSCC’s liabilities in Stock Connect under its market contracts with clearing participants will be limited to assisting clearing participants in pursuing their claims against the CSDCC. In that event, the fund may suffer delays in the recovery process or may not be able to fully recover its losses from the CSDCC.
Market participants are able to participate in Stock Connect subject to meeting certain information technology capability, risk management and other requirements as may be specified by the relevant exchange and/or clearing house. Further, the “connectivity” in Stock Connect requires the routing of orders across the borders of Hong Kong and the PRC. This requires the development of new information technology systems on the part of the SEHK and exchange participants. There is no assurance that these systems will function properly or will continue to be adapted to changes and developments in both markets. In the event that the relevant systems fail to function properly, trading in securities through Stock Connect could be disrupted, and the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be adversely affected.
A primary feature of Stock Connect is the application of the home market’s laws and rules applicable to investors in securities. Therefore, the fund’s investments in Stock Connect Securities are generally subject to PRC securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions.
Finally, according to Caishui [2014] 81 (“Circular 81”) and Caishui [2016] 127 (“Circular 127”), while foreign investors are exempted from paying capital gains or business taxes (later, value-added taxes) on income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect, these PRC tax rules could be changed, which could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund. Dividends derived from A-Shares are subject to a 10% PRC withholding income tax generally. PRC stamp duty is also payable for transactions in A-Shares through Stock Connect. Currently, PRC stamp duty on A-Shares transactions is only imposed on the seller, but not on the purchaser, at the tax rate of 0.1% of the total sales value.
Circular 81 and Circular 127 stipulate that PRC business tax (and, subsequently, PRC value-added tax) is temporarily exempted on capital gains derived by Hong Kong market participants (including the fund) from the trading of A-Shares through Stock Connect. According to Caishui [2016] No. 36, the PRC value-added tax reform in the PRC will be expanded to all industries, including financial services, starting May 1, 2016. The PRC business tax exemption prescribed in Circular 81 is grandfathered under the value-added tax regime.
The Stock Connect program is a relatively new program. Further developments are likely and there can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether future developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect the fund’s investments or returns. In addition, the application and interpretation of the laws and
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regulations of Hong Kong and the PRC, and the rules, policies or guidelines published or applied by relevant regulators and exchanges in respect of the Stock Connect program are uncertain, and they may have a detrimental effect on the fund’s investments and returns.
A-Shares tax risk. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result in unexpected tax liabilities for a fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in an issuer resident in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement or arrangement.
Since the respective inception of Shanghai – Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect, foreign investors (including the fund) investing in A-Shares listed on the SSE through Shanghai – Hong Kong Stock Connect and those listed on the SZSE through Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect would be temporarily exempt from the PRC corporate income tax and value-added tax on the gains on disposal of such A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless reduced under a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax authority. Since November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted. The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has been paid by the fund, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. The fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s return could be substantial. The fund may also be liable to the Advisor or subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on the Advisor or subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If the fund's direct investments in A-Shares through the Advisor's or subadvisor’s QFI license in the future becomes subject to repatriation restrictions, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to regulated investment companies (“RICs”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and be subject to tax at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow money to the extent necessary to distribute to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively, including with respect to the possible liability of a fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in the case of a QFI acting for a foreign investor such as the fund is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an RQFII would also be eligible for PRC Business Tax (“BT”) exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on the fund could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e., QFIIs continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from PRC value- added tax, which replaced the BT with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities, including A-Shares.
The PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are adverse to a fund and their shareholders.
If the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting capital gains taxes on such investments (whether made through Stock Connect or a QFI), a fund could be subject to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved (if any). The impact of any such tax liability on a fund’s return could be substantial. A fund will be liable to the Advisor and/or subadvisor for any Chinese tax that is imposed on the Advisor and/or subadvisor with respect to the fund’s investments.
To the extent a fund invests in swaps linked to A-Shares, such investments may be less tax-efficient for US tax purposes than a direct investment in A-Shares. Any tax liability incurred by the swap counterparty may be passed on to a fund. When a fund sells a swap on A-Shares, the sale price may take into account of the QFI’s tax liability.
Investments in swaps and other derivatives may be subject to special US federal income tax rules that could adversely affect the character, timing and amount of income earned by a fund (e.g., by causing amounts that would be capital gain to be taxed as ordinary income or to be taken into income earlier than would otherwise be necessary). Also, a fund may be required to periodically adjust its positions in its swaps and derivatives to comply with certain regulatory requirements which may further cause these investments to be less efficient than a direct investment in A-Shares. For example, swaps in which a
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fund may invest may need to be reset on a regular basis in order to maintain compliance with the 1940 Act, which may increase the likelihood that the fund will generate short-term capital gains. In addition, because the application of special tax rules to a fund and its investments may be uncertain, it is possible that the manner in which they are applied by the fund may be determined to be incorrect. In that event, a fund may be found to have failed to maintain its qualification as a RIC or to be subject to additional US tax liability. A fund may make investments, both directly and through swaps or other derivative positions, in companies classified as passive foreign investment companies for US federal income tax purposes (“PFICs”). Investments in PFICs are subject to special tax rules which may result in adverse tax consequences to the fund and its shareholders.
Political and economic risk. The economy of China, which has been in a state of transition from a planned economy to a more market oriented economy, differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including the level of government involvement, its state of development, its growth rate, control of foreign exchange, and allocation of resources. Although the majority of productive assets in China are still owned by the PRC government at various levels, in recent years, the PRC government has implemented economic reform measures emphasizing utilization of market forces in the development of the economy of China and a high level of management autonomy. The economy of China has experienced significant growth in recent decades, but growth has been uneven both geographically and among various sectors of the economy. Economic growth has also been accompanied by periods of high inflation. The PRC government has implemented various measures from time to time to control inflation and restrain the rate of economic growth.
For several decades, the PRC government has carried out economic reforms to achieve decentralization and utilization of market forces to develop the economy of the PRC. These reforms have resulted in significant economic growth and social progress. However, there can be no assurance that the PRC government will continue to pursue such economic policies or that such policies, if pursued, will be successful. Any adjustment and modification of those economic policies may have an adverse impact on the securities markets in the PRC as well as the constituent securities of the Underlying Index. Further, the PRC government may from time to time adopt corrective measures to control the growth of the PRC economy which may also have an adverse impact on the capital growth and performance of the fund.
Political changes, social instability and adverse diplomatic developments in the PRC could result in the imposition of additional government restrictions including expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxes or nationalization of some or all of the property held by the issuers of the
A-Shares in the fund’s Underlying Index. The laws, regulations, including the investment regulations, government policies and political and economic climate in China may change with little or no advance notice. Any such change could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of securities in the fund’s portfolio.
The Chinese government continues to be an active participant in many economic sectors through ownership positions and regulations. The allocation of resources in China is subject to a high level of government control. The Chinese government strictly regulates the payment of foreign currency denominated obligations and sets monetary policy. Through its policies, the government may provide preferential treatment to particular industries or companies. Recently, the Chinese government has become more aggressive about regulating the operations of particular companies or sectors, including large companies which are indirectly listed in the US. These regulations may substantially limit or prohibit the operations of such companies and cause investors to lose some or all of the value of their investment. The policies set by the government could have a substantial effect on the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments.
The Chinese economy is export-driven and highly reliant on trade. The performance of the Chinese economy may differ favorably or unfavorably from the US economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation, currency depreciation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. The domestic consumer class in China is still emergent, while the economy's dependence on exports may not be sustainable. Adverse changes to the economic conditions of its primary trading partners, such as the European Union, the US, Hong Kong, the Association of South East Asian Nations, and Japan, would adversely affect the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments.
In addition, as much of China’s growth over recent decades has been a result of significant investment in substantial export trade, international trade tensions may arise from time to time which can result in trade tariffs, embargoes, trade limitations, trade wars and other negative consequences. The current political climate has intensified concerns about trade tariffs and a potential trade war between China and the US. These consequences may trigger a significant reduction in international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of China’s export industry with a potentially severe negative impact to the fund. In addition, it is possible that the continuation or worsening of the current political climate could result in regulatory restrictions being contemplated or imposed in the US or in China that could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective. In
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July 2020, the President’s Working Group on Financial Markets (“PWG”) proposed a number of regulatory changes aimed at addressing potential risks to US investors from investments in issuers that provide limited access to their financial statements, including Chinese companies. The PWG’s proposals included having the SEC consider encouraging or requiring US registered funds to conduct additional due diligence on an index’s exposure to such issuers and how the index provider addresses concerns arising from limited availability of such issuers’ financial information. If the SEC adopts these proposals, they could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index. In addition, in June 2021, the President of the United States issued an executive order (“CMIC Order”) prohibiting US persons, including the fund, from purchasing or selling publicly traded securities (including publicly traded securities that are derivative of, or are designed to provide exposure to, such securities) of any Chinese company identified as a Chinese Military Industrial Complex Company (“CMIC”). This prohibition, effective August 2, 2021, expands on similar sanctions imposed by the prior administration on certain designated Chinese military companies (“CCMCs”) that took effect in January 2021. To the extent that any company in the Underlying Index is identified as a CMIC at any time (or was previously designated as a CCMC), it may have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. Also,in December 2020, the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“HFCAA”) was signed into law. Since the HFCAA was signed, the SEC has placed many Chinese companies listed on a US stock exchange on a watchlist, indicating that securities of foreign issuers (including China) will be de-listed from US stock exchanges if those companies do not permit US oversight of the auditing of their financial information. The potential impact of the HFCAA is unclear at this time, but to the extent that the fund currently transacts in securities of a foreign company in the Underlying Index on a US exchange but is unable to do so in the future, the fund will have to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities or obtain exposure to such securities through alternative means (such as derivatives), either of which could increase the fund’s costs and have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index. Finally, the Chair of the SEC announced in July 2021 that the SEC would be requiring additional disclosures about the corporate structure of Chinese companies listing in the US (pursuant to which US investors own shares in an offshore shell company rather than the Chinese company itself) and the risks to US investors, including the risks of such companies being delisted from the US exchange under the HFCAA. Events such as these are difficult to predict and may or may not occur in the future.
China has been transitioning to a market economy since the late seventies, and has only recently opened up to foreign investment and permitted private economic
activity. Under the economic reforms implemented by the Chinese government, the Chinese economy has experienced tremendous growth, developing into one of the largest and fastest growing economies in the world. There is no assurance, however, that the Chinese government will not revert to the economic policy of central planning that it implemented prior to 1978 or that such growth will be sustained in the future. An economic downturn in China would adversely impact the fund’s investments.
From time to time, and as recently as early 2020 with the coronavirus known as COVID-19, China has experienced outbreaks of infectious illnesses, and the country may be subject to other infectious illnesses, diseases or other public health emergencies in the future. Any public health emergency could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the fund’s investments. These risks may be heightened to the extent China pursues a “zero COVID” or similar strategy that attempts to eradicate the incidence of a disease for extended periods, thus leading to shutdowns or other interventions which affect the Chinese and/or global economy for periods beyond that which might be caused by the public health policies of other countries.
Inflation. Economic growth in China has historically been accompanied by periods of high inflation. Beginning in 2004, the Chinese government commenced the implementation of various measures to control inflation, which included the tightening of the money supply, the raising of interest rates and more stringent control over certain industries. If these measures are not successful, and if inflation were to steadily increase, the performance of the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments could be adversely affected.
Nationalization and expropriation. After the formation of the Chinese socialist state in 1949, the Chinese government renounced various debt obligations and nationalized private assets without providing any form of compensation. There can be no assurance that the Chinese government will not take similar actions in the future. Accordingly, an investment in the fund involves a risk of a total loss.
Hong Kong policy. As part of Hong Kong’s transition from British to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, China agreed to allow Hong Kong to maintain a high degree of autonomy with regard to its political, legal and economic systems for a period of at least 50 years. China controls matters that relate to defense and foreign affairs. Under the agreement, China does not tax Hong Kong, does not limit the exchange of the Hong Kong dollar for foreign currencies and does not place restrictions on free trade in Hong Kong. However, there is no guarantee that China will continue to honor the agreement, and China may change its policies regarding Hong Kong at any time. As of July 2020, the Chinese Standing Committee of the National People's
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Congress enacted the Law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, (the “Hong Kong Law”), which imposed substantial limits on Hong Kong’s political and legal autonomy in a manner widely considered within Hong Kong and by other countries as a violation of China’s agreement in 1997. Hong Kong has experienced wide protests and extensive turmoil before and after the enactment of this law. Also as of July 2020, Hong Kong is no longer afforded preferential economic treatment by the United States under US law, and there is uncertainty as to how the economy of Hong Kong will be affected. Any further changes in China's policies could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of securities in the fund’s portfolio.
Chinese securities markets. The securities markets in China have a limited operating history and are not as developed as those in the US. The markets tend to be smaller in size, have less liquidity and historically have had greater volatility than markets in the US and some other countries. In addition, under normal market conditions, there is less regulation and monitoring of Chinese securities markets and the activities of investors, brokers and other participants than in the US. Accordingly, issuers of securities in China are not subject to the same degree of regulation as are US issuers with respect to such matters as insider trading rules, tender offer regulation, stockholder proxy requirements and the requirements mandating timely disclosure of information. During periods of significant market volatility, the Chinese government has, from time to time, intervened in its domestic securities markets to a greater degree than would be typical in more developed markets, including both direct and indirect market stabilization efforts, which may affect valuations of Chinese issuers. Stock markets in China are in the process of change and further development. This may lead to trading volatility, difficulty in the settlement and recording of transactions and difficulty in interpreting and applying the relevant regulations.
Available disclosure about Chinese companies. Chinese companies are required to follow Chinese accounting standards and practices, which only follow international accounting standards to a certain extent. However, the accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices applicable to PRC companies, including those listed on US exchanges, may be less rigorous, and there may be significant differences between financial statements prepared in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and practice and those prepared in accordance with international accounting standards. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of a Chinese issuer may not reflect its financial position or results of operations in the way they would be reflected had such financial statements been prepared in accordance with US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The quality of audits in China may be unreliable, which may require enhanced procedures. Consequently, the fund may
not be provided the same degree of protection or information as would generally apply in developed countries and the fund may be exposed to significant losses. There is also substantially less publicly available information about Chinese issuers than there is about US issuers. Therefore, disclosure of certain material information may not be made, and less information may be available to the fund and other investors than would be the case if the fund’s investments were restricted to securities of US issuers. Under the HFCAA, Chinese companies with securities listed in the US may be delisted if they do not meet US accounting and auditor oversight requirements, which could cause the fund to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities or obtain exposure to such securities through alternative means (such as derivatives), either of which could increase the fund's costs and have a material adverse effect on the fund's ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index.
Chinese corporate and securities law. The regulations which regulate investments by QFIs in the PRC and the repatriation of capital from QFI investments are relatively new. As a result, the application and interpretation of such investment regulations are therefore relatively untested. In addition, PRC authorities and regulators have broad discretion under such investment regulations and there is little precedent or certainty evidencing how such discretion will be exercised now or in the future.
The fund’s rights with respect to its investments in A-Shares (as applicable), if any, generally will not be governed by US law, and instead will generally be governed by Chinese law. China operates under a civil law system, in which court precedent is not binding. Because there is no binding precedent to interpret existing statutes, there is uncertainty regarding the implementation of existing law.
Legal principles relating to corporate affairs and the validity of corporate procedures, directors’ fiduciary duties and liabilities and stockholders’ rights often differ from those that may apply in the US and other countries. Chinese laws providing protection to investors, such as laws regarding the fiduciary duties of officers and directors, are undeveloped and will not provide investors, such as the fund, with protection in all situations where protection would be provided by comparable laws in the US. China lacks a national set of laws that address all issues that may arise with regard to a foreign investor such as the fund. It may therefore be difficult for the fund to enforce its rights as an investor under Chinese corporate and securities laws, and it may be difficult or impossible for the fund to obtain a judgment in court. Moreover, as Chinese corporate and securities laws continue to develop, these developments may adversely affect foreign investors, such as the fund.
Due to restrictions on foreign ownership of Chinese companies imposed under Chinese law, Chinese companies that are listed in the US typically do not offer common stock in the company itself to US investors. Rather, Chinese
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companies typically offer shares of an offshore shell company (typically referred to as a “variable interest entity” or “VIE”) that has entered into service and other contracts with the Chinese company. Accordingly, US investors in Chinese companies listed on a US stock exchange do not actually own shares of the Chinese company itself. The US-listed shell company does not control the Chinese company and must rely on the Chinese company to perform its contractual obligations (which, as noted above, are governed by Chinese corporate and securities laws that are less protective of shareholders than US laws). Moreover, the Chinese government may at any time invalidate or limit the contracts between a Chinese company and the offshore shell company which is offering shares in the US, which may result in the partial or total loss of the value of a US investor's shares in the offshore shell company even if a direct investment in the Chinese company would retain value.
Other sanctions and embargoes. From time to time, certain of the companies in which the fund expects to invest may operate in, or have dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the US government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the US government as state sponsors of terrorism. A company may suffer damage to its reputation if it is identified as a company which operates in, or has dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the US government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the US government as state sponsors of terrorism. As an investor in such companies, the fund will be indirectly subject to those risks.
Foreign exchange control. The Chinese government heavily regulates the domestic exchange of foreign currencies within China. Under China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) regulations, Chinese corporations may only purchase foreign currencies through government approved banks. In general, Chinese companies must receive approval from or register with the Chinese government before investing in certain capital account items, including direct investments and loans, and must thereafter maintain separate foreign exchange accounts for the capital items. Foreign investors may only exchange foreign currencies at specially authorized banks after complying with documentation requirements. These restrictions may adversely affect the fund and its investments. The international community has requested that China ease its restrictions on currency exchange, but it is unclear whether the Chinese government will change its policy.
RMB, is currently not a freely convertible currency as it is subject to foreign exchange control, fiscal policies and repatriation restrictions imposed by the Chinese government. Such control of currency conversion and movements in the RMB exchange rates may adversely affect the operations and financial results of companies in the PRC. In addition,
if such control policies change in the future, the fund may be adversely affected. Since 2005, the exchange rate of the RMB is no longer pegged to the US dollar. The RMB has now moved to a managed floating exchange rate based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of foreign currencies. The daily trading price of the RMB against other major currencies in the inter-bank foreign exchange market would be allowed to float within a narrow band around the central parity published by the People’s Bank of China. As the exchange rates are based primarily on market forces, the exchange rates for RMB against other currencies, including the US dollar, are susceptible to movements based on external factors. There can be no assurance that the RMB will not be subject to appreciation or devaluation, either due to changes in government policy or market factors. Any devaluation of the RMB could adversely affect the value of the fund’s investments. The PRC government imposes restrictions on the remittance of RMB out of and into China. To the extent the fund invests through a QFI, the fund may be required to remit foreign freely convertible currencies (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) to the PRC to settle the purchase of A-Shares and other permissible securities by the fund. In the event such remittance is disrupted, the fund may not be able to fully replicate its Underlying Index by investing in the relevant A-Shares and this will increase the tracking error of the fund. Any delay in repatriation out of China may result in delay in payment of redemption proceeds to the redeeming investors. The Chinese government’s policies on exchange control and repatriation restrictions are subject to change, and the fund’s performance may be adversely affected.
Foreign currency considerations. The assets of the fund are invested primarily in the equity securities of issuers in China and the income received by the fund will be primarily in RMB.
RMB can be further categorized into onshore RMB (“CNY”), traded only in the PRC, and offshore RMB (“CNH”), traded outside the PRC. CNY and CNH are traded at different exchange rates and their exchange rates may not move in the same direction. Although there has been a growing amount of RMB held offshore, CNH cannot be freely remitted into the PRC and is subject to certain restrictions, and vice versa. The fund may also be adversely affected by the exchange rates between CNY and CNH. There is no assurance that there will always be RMB available in sufficient amounts for the fund to remain fully invested.
Meanwhile, the fund will compute and expects to distribute its income in US dollars, and the computation of income will be made on the date that the income is earned by the fund at the foreign exchange rate in effect on that date. Any gain or loss attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the fund accrues income or gain and the time the fund converts such
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income or gain from RMB to the US dollar is generally treated as ordinary income or loss for US federal income tax purposes. Therefore, if the value of the RMB increases relative to the US dollar between the accrual of income and the time at which the fund converts the RMB to US dollars, the fund will recognize ordinary income when the RMB is converted. In such circumstances, if the fund has insufficient cash in US dollars to meet distribution requirements under the Internal Revenue Code, the fund may be required to liquidate certain positions in order to make distributions. The liquidation of investments, if required, may also have an adverse impact on the fund’s performance.
Furthermore, the fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between US dollars and RMB. Foreign exchange dealers realize a profit based on the difference between the prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies. Thus, a dealer normally will offer to sell a foreign currency to the fund at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the fund desire immediately to resell that currency to the dealer. A fund will conduct its foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market, or through entering into forward, futures or options contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies.
Currently, there is no market in China in which the fund may engage in hedging transactions to minimize RMB foreign exchange risk in CNY, and there can be no guarantee that instruments suitable for hedging currency in CNY will be available to the fund in China at any time in the future. In the event that in the future it becomes possible to hedge RMB currency risk in China in CNY, the fund may seek to reduce the foregoing currency risks by engaging in hedging transactions. In that case, the fund may enter into forward currency exchange contracts and currency futures contracts and options on such futures contracts, as well as purchase put or call options on currencies, in China. The fund does not currently intend to hedge RMB currency risk in CNH. Currency hedging would involve special risks, including possible default by the other party to the transaction, illiquidity and, to the extent the Advisor’s or subadvisor’s (as applicable) view as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk that the use of hedging could result in losses greater than if they had not been used. The use of currency transactions could result in the fund’s incurring losses as a result of the imposition of exchange controls, exchange rate regulation, suspension of settlements or the inability to deliver or receive a specified currency.
PRC brokers risk. Regulations adopted by the CSRC and SAFE under which the fund will invest in A-Shares provide that the Advisor and/or a subadvisor as a QFI, may select PRC broker(s) to execute transactions on its behalf on each of the PRC exchanges. The Advisor and/or a subadvisor may select the same broker(s) for all exchanges. As a
result, the Advisor and/or a subadvisor will have less flexibility to choose among brokers on behalf of the fund than is typically the case for US investment managers. In the event of any default of a PRC broker in the execution or settlement of any transaction or in the transfer of any funds or securities in the PRC, the fund may encounter delays in recovering its assets which may in turn adversely impact the NAV of the fund.
If the Advisor and/or a subadvisor is unable to use one of its designated PRC brokers in the PRC, units of the fund may trade at a premium or discount to its NAV or the fund may not be able to track the Underlying Index. Further, the operation of the fund may be adversely affected in the case of any acts or omissions of a PRC broker, which may result in increased tracking error or the fund being traded at a significant premium or discount to its NAV. The limited number of PRC brokers that may be appointed may cause the fund to not necessarily pay the lowest commission available in the market. The Advisor and/or a subadvisor, however, in its selection of PRC brokers will consider such factors as the competitiveness of commission rates, size of the relevant orders, and execution standards. There is a risk that the fund may suffer losses from the default, bankruptcy or disqualification of the PRC brokers. In such events, the fund may be adversely affected in the execution of any transaction.
Disclosure of interests and short swing profit rule. The fund may be subject to shareholder disclosure of interest regulations promulgated by the CSRC. These regulations currently require the fund to make certain public disclosures when the fund and parties acting in concert with the fund acquire 5% or more of the issued voting securities of a listed company (which include A-Shares of the listed company). If the reporting requirement is triggered, the fund will be required to report information which includes, but is not limited to: (a) information about the fund (and parties acting in concert with the fund) and the type and extent of its holdings in the company; (b) a statement of the fund’s purposes for the investment and whether the fund intends to increase its holdings over the following 12-month period; (c) a statement of the fund’s historical investments in the company over the previous six months; (d) the time of, and other information relating to, the transaction that triggered the fund’s holding in the listed company reaching the 5% reporting threshold; and (e) other information that may be required by the CSRC or the stock exchange. Additional information may be required if the fund and its concerted parties constitute the largest shareholder or actual controlling shareholder of the listed company. The report must be made to the CSRC, the stock exchange, the invested company, and the CSRC local representative office where the listed company is located. A fund would also be required to make a public announcement through a media outlet designated by the CSRC. The public announcement must contain the same content as
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the official report. The public announcement may require the fund to disclose its holdings to the public, which could have an adverse effect on the performance of the fund.
The relevant PRC regulations presumptively treat all affiliated investors and investors under common control as parties acting in concert. As such, under a conservative interpretation of these regulations, the fund may be deemed as a “concerted party” of other funds managed by the Advisor, subadvisor or their affiliates and therefore may be subject to the risk that the fund’s holdings may be required to be reported in the aggregate with the holdings of such other funds should the aggregate holdings trigger the reporting threshold under the PRC law. If the 5% shareholding threshold is triggered by the fund and parties acting in concert with the fund, the fund would be required to file its report within three days of the date the threshold is reached. During the time limit for filing the report, a trading freeze applies and the fund would not be permitted to make subsequent trades in the invested company’s securities. Any such trading freeze may undermine the fund’s performance, if the fund would otherwise make trades during that period but is prevented from doing so by the regulation.
Once the fund and parties acting in concert reach the 5% trading threshold as to any listed company, any subsequent incremental increase or decrease of 5% or more will trigger a further reporting requirement and an additional trading freeze from the date the threshold is reached to the end of three days after the report and announcement is made. These trading freezes may undermine the fund’s performance as described above. According to the securities laws of China, whoever purchases the voting securities of a listed company in violation of the requirements in this paragraph may not exercise the voting rights of the securities that exceed the threshold within 36 months after purchasing them.
Further, once the fund and parties acting in concert reach the 5% trading threshold as to any listed company, for any subsequent incremental increase or decrease of 1%, the fund would be required to notify the listed company and make an announcement thereon on the day immediately after the date the threshold is reached. Also, SSE requirements currently require the fund and parties acting in concert, once they have reach the 5% threshold, to disclose whenever their shareholding drops below this threshold (even as a result of trading which is less than the 5% incremental change that would trigger a reporting requirement under the relevant CSRC regulation).
CSRC regulations also contain additional disclosure (and tender offer) requirements that apply when an investor and parties acting in concert reach thresholds of 20% and greater than 30% shareholding in a company.
Subject to the interpretation of PRC courts and PRC regulators, the operation of the PRC short swing profit rule may be applicable to the trading of the fund with the result
that where the holdings of the fund (possibly with the holdings of other investors deemed as concert parties of the fund) exceed 5% of the total issued voting shares of a listed company, the fund may not reduce its holdings in the company within six months of the last purchase of shares of the company. If a fund violates the rule, it may be required by the listed company to return any profits realized from such trading to the listed company. In addition, the rule limits the ability of the fund to repurchase securities of the listed company within six months of such sale. Moreover, under PRC civil procedures, the fund’s assets may be frozen to the extent of the claims made by the company in question. These risks may greatly impair the performance of the fund.
Investment and repatriation restrictions. Investments by the fund in A-Shares (as well as other Chinese financial instruments permitted by the CSRC and the People’s Bank of China, including open- and closed-end investment companies) may be subject to governmental pre-approval limitations on the quantity that the fund may purchase and/or limits on the classes of securities in which the fund may invest.
With respect to investments in A-Shares made through the QFI program, repatriations by QFIs are currently not subject to repatriation restrictions or prior regulatory approval, although a review on authenticity and compliance will be conducted on each remittance and repatriation by the PRC sub-custodian appointed by the QFI. The repatriation process may be subject to certain requirements set out in the relevant regulations such as submission of certain documents, and completion of the repatriation process may be subject to delay. Furthermore, as the PRC sub-custodian’s review on authenticity and compliance is conducted on each repatriation, the repatriation may be delayed or even rejected by the PRC sub-custodian in case of non-compliance with the QFI rules and regulations. In such case, redemption proceeds will be paid to the redeeming investors as soon as practicable after completion of the repatriation of funds concerned. The actual time required for the completion of the relevant repatriation will be beyond the Advisor and/or a subadvisor’s control. There is no assurance, however, that PRC rules and regulations will not change or that repatriation restrictions will not be imposed in the future. Any restrictions on repatriation of the fund’s assets may adversely affect the fund’s ability to meet redemption requests and/or may cause the fund to borrow money in order to meet its obligations. These limitations may also prevent the fund from making certain distributions to shareholders.
The Chinese government limits foreign investment in the securities of certain Chinese issuers entirely, if foreign investment is banned in respect of the industry in which the relevant Chinese issuers are conducting their business. These restrictions or limitations may have adverse effects on the liquidity and performance of the fund’s holdings as compared to the performance of the Underlying Index.
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This may increase the risk of tracking error and, at the worst, the fund may not be able to achieve its investment objective.
A-Shares currency risk. The fund’s investments in A-Shares will be denominated in RMB and the income received by the fund in respect of such investments will be in RMB. As a result, changes in currency exchange rates may adversely affect the fund’s returns. The value of the RMB may be subject to a high degree of fluctuation due to changes in interest rates, the effects of monetary policies issued by the PRC, the US, foreign governments, central banks or supranational entities, the imposition of currency controls or other national or global political or economic developments. Therefore, the fund’s exposure to RMB may result in reduced returns to the fund. The fund does not expect to hedge its currency risk. Moreover, the fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between US dollars and RMB and will bear the risk of any inability to convert the RMB.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value
of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
In addition, various PRC companies derive their revenues in RMB but have requirements for foreign currency, including for the import of materials, debt service on foreign currency denominated debt, purchases of imported equipment and payment of any cash dividends declared. The existing PRC foreign exchange regulations have significantly reduced government foreign exchange controls for certain transactions, including trade and service related foreign exchange transactions and payment of dividends. However, it is impossible to predict whether the PRC government will continue its existing foreign exchange policy and when the PRC government will allow free conversion of the RMB to foreign currency. Certain foreign exchange transactions, including principal payments in respect of foreign currency-denominated obligations, currently continue to be subject to significant foreign exchange controls and require the approval of SAFE. Since 1994, the conversion of RMB into US dollars has been based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China, which are set daily based on the previous day’s PRC interbank foreign exchange market rate. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government introduced a managed floating exchange rate system to allow the value of RMB to fluctuate within a regulated band based on market supply and demand and by reference to a basket of currencies. In addition, a market maker system was introduced to the interbank spot foreign exchange market. In July 2008, China announced that its exchange rate regime was further transformed into a managed floating mechanism based on market supply and demand. Given the domestic and overseas economic developments, the PBOC decided to further improve the RMB exchange rate regime in June 2010 to enhance the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate. In April 2012, the PBOC decided to take a further step to increase the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate by expanding the daily trading band from +/– 0.5% to +/– 1%. Effective from March 17, 2014, the floating band of RMB against USD on the inter-bank spot foreign exchange market was enlarged from 1% to 2%, i.e., on every trading day on the inter-bank spot market, the trading prices of RMB against USD would fluctuate within a band of +/– 2 below and above the central parity as released by the China Foreign Exchange Trade System on that day. On each business day, the spread between the RMB/USD buying and selling prices offered by the designated foreign exchange banks to their clients was within 3% of the published central parity of USD on that day, instead of 2%. Effective from August 11, 2015, the RMB central parity is fixed against the USD by reference to the closing rate of the interbank foreign exchange market on the previous day (rather than the previous morning’s official setting). It is not possible to predict nor give any assurance of any future stability of the RMB to US dollar exchange rate. Fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect the fund’s
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NAV. Furthermore, because dividends are declared in US dollars and underlying payments are made in RMB, fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect dividends paid by the fund.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or
contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
To the extent the fund invests in swaps to gain exposure to A-Shares in an effort to achieve the fund’s investment objective, the fund will be subject to the risk that the number of counterparties able to enter into swaps to provide exposure to A-Shares may be limited. To the extent that the QFI license of a potential swap counterparty is revoked or eliminated due to actions by the Chinese government or as a result of transactions entered into by the counterparty with other investors, the counterparty’s ability to continue to enter into swaps or other derivative transactions with the fund may be reduced or eliminated, which could have a material adverse effect on the fund. These risks are compounded by the fact that at present there are only a limited number of potential counterparties willing and able to enter into swap transactions linked to the performance of A-Shares.
Furthermore, swaps are of limited duration and there is no guarantee that swaps entered into with a counterparty will continue indefinitely. Accordingly, the duration of a swap depends on, among other things, the ability of the fund to renew the expiration period of the relevant swap at agreed upon terms. QFIs may be limited or prohibited from entering into swap or other derivative transactions on QFI investments with the fund, which, in turn, could adversely affect the fund.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Certain events in the financials sector may cause an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, and cause certain financials sector companies to incur large losses. Securities of financials sector companies may experience a decline in value when such companies experience substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, take action to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or cease operations. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and
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financial losses associated with investment activities can negatively impact the financials sector. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets can be particularly affected by market turmoil.
The financial services sector in China is also undergoing significant change, including continuing consolidations, development of new products and structures and changes to its regulatory framework, which may have an impact on the issuers included in the Underlying Index. Increased government involvement in the financial services sector, including measures such as taking ownership positions in financial institutions, could result in a dilution of the fund’s investments in financial institutions.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Consumer staples sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer staples sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer staples sector. Companies in the consumer staples sector may be adversely affected by changes in the global economy, consumer spending, competition, demographics and consumer preferences, and production spending. Companies in the consumer staples sector are also affected by changes in government regulation, global economic, environmental and political events, economic conditions and the depletion of resources. In addition, companies in the consumer staples sector may be subject to risks pertaining to the supply of, demand for and prices of raw materials. The prices of raw materials fluctuate in response to a number of factors, including, without limitation, changes in government agricultural support programs, exchange rates, import and export controls, changes in international agricultural and trading policies, and seasonal and weather conditions.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
If the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments (including China A-Shares), the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from
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the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may prevent the fund from being able to realize full value and thus sell a security for its full valuation. This could cause a material decline in the fund’s net asset value.
Tracking error risk. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of its Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure to the required levels in order to track the Underlying Index. In addition, to the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index) it may cause the fund to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to legal restrictions or limitations imposed by the governments of certain countries, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its NAV based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on securities’ closing prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. The performance of the fund also may diverge from that of the Underlying Index if the Advisor and/or subadvisor seek to gain exposure to A-Shares by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, derivative instruments, and other
pooled investment vehicles because the Stock Connect Daily Quota has been exhausted. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers. exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund
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shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of a fund.
In addition, the securities held by a fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of a fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The bid/ask spread of the Fund may be wider in comparison to the bid/ask spread of other ETFs, due to the Fund’s exposure to A-Shares. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with a fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Valuation risk. Because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund
and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose
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value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
Cash transactions risk. Unlike many ETFs, the fund expects to effect its creations and redemptions principally for cash, rather than in-kind securities. Other more conventional ETFs generally are able to make in-kind redemptions and avoid realizing gains in connection with transactions designed to meet redemption requests. Effecting all redemptions for cash may cause the fund to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. Such dispositions may occur at an inopportune time resulting in potential losses to the fund and involve transaction costs. If the fund recognizes a capital loss on these sales, the loss will offset capital gains (subject to certain limitations) and may result in smaller
capital gain distributions from the fund. If the fund recognizes gain on these sales, this generally will cause the fund to recognize gain it might not otherwise have recognized if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required. The fund generally intends to distribute these gains to shareholders to avoid being taxed on this gain at the fund level and otherwise comply with the special tax rules that apply to it. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax on gains they would not otherwise be subject to, or at an earlier date than, if they had made an investment in a more conventional ETF.
In addition, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities market is relatively illiquid and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if a fund sold and redeemed its shares principally in-kind, will generally be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. To the extent transaction and other costs associated with a redemption exceed the redemption fee, those transaction costs might be borne by the fund’s remaining shareholders. China may also impose higher local tax rates on transactions involving certain companies. In addition, these factors may result in wider spreads between the bid and the offered prices of the fund’s shares than for more conventional ETFs.
As a practical matter, only institutions and large investors, such as market makers or other large broker-dealers, purchase or redeem Creation Units. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the fund on an exchange.
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
US tax risk. The fund intends to distribute annually all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain. However, should the Chinese government impose restrictions on the fund’s ability to repatriate funds associated with direct investments in A-Shares, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Internal Revenue Code. If the fund fails to satisfy the distribution requirements necessary to qualify for treatment as a RIC for any taxable year, the fund would be treated as a corporation subject to US federal income tax, thereby subjecting any income earned by the fund to tax at the corporate level regardless of whether such income was distributed. If the fund fails to satisfy a separate distribution requirement, it will be subject to a fund-level excise tax. These fund-level taxes will apply in addition to taxes payable at the shareholder level on distributions.
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Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Borrowing risk. Borrowing creates leverage. It also adds to fund expenses and at times could effectively force the fund to sell securities when it otherwise might not want to.
To the extent that the fund borrows money and then invests that money, it creates leverage, in that the fund is exposed to investment risks through the securities it has pledged for collateral as well as through the investments it purchases with the money borrowed against that collateral. This leverage means that changes in the prices of securities the fund owns will have a greater effect on the share price of the fund. The fund incurs interest expense and other costs when it borrows money; therefore, unless returns on assets acquired with borrowed funds are greater than the costs of borrowing, performance will be lower than it would have been without any borrowing. When the fund borrows money it must comply with certain asset coverage requirements, which at times may require the fund to dispose of some of its portfolio holdings even though it may be disadvantageous to do so at that time.
Leveraging Risk. The fund’s investment in futures contracts and other derivative instruments provide leveraged exposure. The fund’s investment in these instruments generally requires a small investment relative to the amount of investment exposure assumed. As a result, such investments may give rise to losses that exceed the amount invested in those instruments. The use of derivatives and other similar financial instruments may at times be an integral part of the fund’s investment strategy and may expose the fund to potentially dramatic losses (or gains) in the value of a derivative or other financial instruments and, thus, in the value the fund’s portfolio. The cost of investing in such instruments generally increases as interest rates increase, which will lower a fund’s return.
Underlying funds risk. To the extent the fund invests a substantial portion of its assets in one or more Underlying Funds, the fund’s performance will be directly related to the performance of an Underlying Fund. The fund’s investments in other investment companies subject the fund to the risks affecting those investment companies.
In addition, the fund indirectly pays a portion of the expenses incurred by an Underlying Fund, which lowers performance. To the extent that the fund’s allocations favor an Underlying Fund with higher expenses, the overall cost of investing paid by the fund will be higher.
The fund is also subject to the risk that an Underlying Fund may pay a redemption request made by the fund, wholly or partly, by an in-kind distribution of portfolio securities rather than in cash. The fund may hold such portfolio securities until the Advisor determines to dispose of them, and the fund will bear the market risk of the securities received in the redemption until their disposition. Upon disposing of such portfolio securities, the fund may experience increased brokerage commissions.
An investor in the fund may receive taxable gains from portfolio transactions by an Underlying Fund, as well as taxable gains from transactions in shares of the Underlying Fund held by the fund. As the fund’s allocations to an Underlying Fund change from time to time, or to the extent that the expense ratio of an Underlying Fund changes, the weighted average operating expenses borne by the fund may increase or decrease.
To the extent the fund invests a substantial portion of its assets in shares of foreign investment companies, including but not limited to, ETFs the shares of which are listed and traded primarily or solely on a foreign securities exchange, such foreign funds will not be registered as investment companies with the SEC or subject to the US federal securities laws. As a result, the fund’s ability to transfer shares of such foreign funds outside of the foreign fund’s primary market will be restricted or prohibited. While such foreign funds may operate similarly to domestic funds, the fund as an investor in a foreign fund will not be afforded the same investor protections as are provided by the US federal securities laws.
When the fund invests in a foreign fund, in addition to directly bearing the expenses associated with its own operations, it will bear a pro rata portion of the foreign fund’s expenses. Further, in part because of these additional expenses, the performance of a foreign fund may differ from the performance the fund would achieve if it invested directly in the underlying investments of the foreign fund. The fund’s investments in foreign ETFs will be subject to the risk that the NAV of the foreign fund’s shares may trade below the fund’s NAV. The NAV of foreign fund shares will fluctuate with changes in the market value of the foreign fund’s holdings. The trading prices of foreign fund shares will fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as market supply and demand. The difference between the bid price and ask price, commonly referred to as the “spread,” will also vary for a foreign ETF depending on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity. Generally, the greater the trading volume and market liquidity, the smaller the spread is and vice versa. Any of these factors may lead to a foreign fund’s shares trading at a premium or a discount to NAV.
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the CSI 500 Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to reflect the price fluctuation and performance of small-cap companies in the China A-Share market and is composed of the 500 smallest and most liquid stocks in the China A-Share market. DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”) expects that, over time, the correlation between the fund’s performance and that of the Underlying Index, before fees and expenses, will be 95% or better. A figure of 100% would indicate perfect correlation.
A-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated and traded in renminbi (“RMB”) on stock exchanges in mainland China including the Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing Stock Exchanges. Under current regulations in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”), foreign investors can invest in the domestic PRC securities markets through certain market-access programs. These programs include the Shanghai - Hong Kong and Shenzhen - Hong Kong Stock Connect programs (“Stock Connect”) and the Qualified Foreign Investor (“QFI”, including Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“QFII”) and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“RQFII”)) program, where investors will be required to obtain a license from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) to participate in the program.
Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing program between either the Shanghai Stock Exchange or Shenzhen Stock Exchange, and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“SEHK”), China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited and Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited. Stock Connect is designed to permit mutual stock market access between mainland China and Hong Kong by allowing investors to trade and settle eligible securities (including A-shares and ETFs) on each market via their local exchanges. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum daily net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect.
Accordingly, the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares will be limited in part by the Daily Quota that limits total purchases through Stock Connect.
Harvest Global Investments Limited (“HGI” or the “Subadvisor”) is a licensed RQFII and is regarded as a QFI under the prevailing rules and regulations in the PRC, and the fund may therefore invest in A-Shares via HGI's QFI license. The Subadvisor, on behalf of the fund, thus also may invest in A-Shares and other permitted China securities listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. QFIs have registered with China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) to remit foreign currencies which can be traded on the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) in the PRC for the purpose of investing in the PRC’s domestic securities markets. Investment companies are not currently within the types of entities that are eligible for a QFI license.
The Subadvisor expects to use a full replication indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the Subadvisor expects to invest directly in the component securities (or a substantial number of the component securities) of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weightings in which they are represented in the Underlying Index. If it is not possible for the Subadvisor to acquire component securities due to limited availability or regulatory restrictions, the Subadvisor may use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index instead of a full replication indexing strategy. “Representative sampling” is an indexing strategy that involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index when the Subadvisor is using a representative sampling indexing strategy.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its total assets in securities of issuers that comprise the Underlying Index. The fund will seek to achieve its investment objective by primarily investing directly in A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect and/or via the Subadvisor’s QFI license. While the fund intends to invest primarily and directly in A-Shares, the fund also may invest in securities of issuers not included in the Underlying Index, certain derivative instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection) and other pooled investment vehicles, including affiliated and/or foreign investment companies, that the Advisor and/or Subadvisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. The remainder of the fund’s assets will be invested
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primarily in money market instruments and cash equivalents. Under normal circumstances, the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in A-Shares of Chinese small-cap issuers or in derivative instruments and other securities that provide investment exposure to A-Shares of Chinese small-cap issuers. The fund may invest in depositary receipts. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 500 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $24.37 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $8.26 billion. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced semi-annually every December and June. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the materials (21.61%), industrials (19.33%) and information technology (15.17%) sectors. The materials sector includes companies that manufacture chemicals, construction materials, glass and paper products, as well as metals, minerals and mining companies. The industrials sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. The information technology sector includes companies engaged in developing software and providing data processing and outsourced services, along with manufacturing and distributing communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment and instruments. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The Subadvisor intends to fully (or at least substantially) replicate the fund’s Underlying Index, but may pursue a representative sampling indexing strategy in circumstances where there is limited availability of component securities or regulatory restrictions that inhibit the transferability of component securities. In addition, from time to time, the Subadvisor may choose to underweight or overweight a security in the fund’s Underlying Index, purchase securities not included in the Underlying Index that the Subadvisor believes are appropriate to substitute for certain securities in the Underlying Index, or utilize various combinations of other available investment techniques to
seek to track, before fees and expenses, the performance of the Underlying Index. The fund also may seek to gain exposure to A-Shares through means other than the use of the Subadvisor’s QFI status, including Stock Connect or any other method permitted by PRC law and consistent with the fund’s investment policies. The Subadvisor may also sell securities that are represented in the fund’s Underlying Index in anticipation of their removal from the Underlying Index or purchase securities not represented in the Underlying Index in anticipation of their addition to the Underlying Index.
The fund may invest its assets in other securities, including, but not limited to: (i) interests in pooled investment vehicles, including affiliated and foreign funds (certain funds may not be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and therefore, not subject to the same investor protections as the fund), (ii) securities not in the Underlying Index, including: (a) depositary receipts (depositary receipts, including American depositary receipts (“ADRs”) may be used by the fund in seeking performance that corresponds to the fund’s Underlying Index and in managing cash flows, and they may count towards compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policies), (iii) cash and cash equivalents, (iv) money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor, HGI or their affiliates subject to applicable limitations under the 1940 Act, or exemptions therefrom), (v) convertible securities and (vi) structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index).
The fund may become “non-diversified,” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of the index that the fund is designed to track. Shareholder approval will not be sought when the fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified status under such circumstances.
Shares of the fund are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by CSI or any affiliate of CSI and CSI bears no liability with respect to the fund or any security.
Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. While the fund intends to invest primarily and directly in A-Shares, the fund also may invest in these derivative instruments to the extent that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. A futures contract is a standardized exchange-traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
Underlying Index Information
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF Index Description.
The Underlying Index is calculated and maintained by CSI. The Underlying Index is a modified free-float market capitalization weighted index composed of the 500 smallest and most liquid stocks in the China A-Share market. Constituent stocks for the Underlying Index must have been listed for more than one year on the Science and Technology Innovation Board of the Shanghai Stock Exchange or the ChiNext Board at the Shenzen Stock Exchange and on either the Shanghai Stock Exchange or the Shenzhen Stock Exchange for more than three months for other stocks (unless the stock’s average daily A-Share market capitalization since its initial listing ranks among the top 30 of all A-Shares), have demonstrated positive performance without serious financial problems, and not be subject to abnormal volatility or other evidence of possible market manipulation. If an issuer has reported a loss in its annual report or semi-annual report, the issuer’s stock will not be removed from the index if they are already included, but an issuer with a similar situation will not be eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index. In addition, if an issuer experiences stock price volatility that is not attributable to market demand and supply factors, but rather the possible result of market manipulation, the Index Provider will take such factor into consideration when determining whether the issuer is eligible for inclusion or continued inclusion in the Underlying Index. When determining eligibility, the Index Provider also may consider other factors, such as whether the issuer has been subject to any administrative penalty or regulatory investigation. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 500 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $24.37 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $8.26 billion. These amounts are subject to change.
When selecting constituent stocks for the Underlying Index, the Index Provider: (1) calculates the daily average trading value and daily average total market capitalization during the most recent year (or in the case of a new issue, during the time since its initial listing) for all the stocks in the stock universe; (2) ranks the stocks in the stock universe (excluding the stocks either in the CSI 300 or ranked in the top 300 in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets by daily average total market capitalization of the past recent year) in descending order according to their average daily trading values, and excludes the bottom 20%; and (3) ranks the remaining stocks in descending order according to their average daily total market capitalization and selects those which rank top 500 as constituent stocks of the Underlying Index.
The weighting of a company in the Underlying Index is intended to be a reflection of the current importance of that company in the China A-Share market as a whole. Stocks are selected and weighted according to market
capitalization. A company is heavily weighted in the Underlying Index if it has a relatively larger free-float market capitalization than the rest of the constituents in the Underlying Index. The constituents of the Underlying Index are periodically reviewed by the Index Provider to ensure that the Underlying Index continues to reflect the state and structure of the underlying market it measures. The Underlying Index is calculated in real time and is published in RMB (specifically, CNY). The Underlying Index is rebalanced semi-annually every June and December.
During extraordinary market conditions, the Index Provider may delay any scheduled rebalancing of the Underlying Index. During any such delay it is possible that the Underlying Index will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
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Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Risk of investing in China. Investments in China involve certain risks and special considerations, including the following:
Investments in A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect and/or via the QFI license granted to the Subadvisor. Restrictions may be imposed on the repatriation of gains and income that may affect the fund’s ability to satisfy redemption requests. Currently, there are three stock exchanges in mainland China, the Shanghai Stock Exchange (“SSE”), the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”) and the Beijing Stock Exchange (“BSE”). The stock exchanges in mainland China are supervised by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) and are highly automated with trading and settlement executed electronically. The stock exchanges in mainland China are substantially smaller, less liquid, and more volatile than the major securities markets in the US.
The SSE commenced trading on December 19, 1990, the SZSE commenced trading on July 3, 1991 and the BSE commenced trading on November 15, 2021. A-Shares may be listed on the SSE, the SZSE and the BSE; while currently B-Shares can be listed on the SSE and the SZSE. Companies whose shares are traded on the SSE and SZSE that are incorporated in mainland China may issue both A-Shares and B-Shares. In China, the A-Shares and B-Shares of an issuer may only trade on one exchange. Both classes represent an ownership interest comparable to a share of common stock and all shares are entitled to substantially the same rights and benefits associated with ownership. A-Shares are traded in RMB.
Because restrictions continue to exist and capital therefore cannot flow freely into the A-Share market, it is possible that in the event of a market disruption, the liquidity of the A-Share market and trading prices of A-Shares could be more severely affected than the liquidity and trading prices of markets where securities are freely tradable and capital therefore flows more freely. The fund cannot predict the nature or duration of such a market disruption or the impact that it may have on the A-Share market and the short-term and long-term prospects of its investments in the A-Share market.
The Chinese government has in the past taken actions that benefited holders of A-Shares. As A-Shares become more accessible to foreign investors, such as the funds, the Chinese government may be less likely to take action that would benefit holders of A-Shares. In addition, there is no guarantee that any existing QFI license will be maintained or will not be revoked by CSRC at some point in the future. The fund cannot predict what would occur if the Stock Connect program was terminated, or if the relevant QFI license were to be revoked, although such an occurrence would likely have a material adverse effect on the fund.
On May 7, 2020, the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) and SAFE jointly issued the Regulations on Funds of Securities and Futures Investment by Foreign Institutional Investors (PBOC & SAFE Announcement [2020] No. 2) (the “Regulations”) which came into effect on June 6, 2020. The Regulations remove the quota restrictions on investment. However, there is no guarantee that the quotas will continue to be relaxed. On September 25, 2020, the CSRC, the PBOC, and the SAFE jointly issued the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Decree No. 176) and the CSRC issued the Provisions on Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Announcement [2020] No.63), which came into effect on November 1, 2020. The major revisions to the previous rules include merger of the QFII
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regime and RQFII regime, relaxation of qualification requirements and facilitating investment and operations of QFIIs and RQFIIs, expansion of investment scope and enhancing ongoing supervision. As of the date of this prospectus, this is a relatively new development, and their application may depend on the interpretation given by the relevant PRC authorities. The current QFI laws, rules and regulations are subject to change, which may take retroactive effect. In addition, there can be no assurance that the QFI laws, rules and regulations will not be abolished. The fund which invests in the PRC markets through a QFI, may be adversely affected as a result of such changes.
Custody risks of investing in A-Shares under the QFI program. For investments under the QFI program, the Subadvisor as a QFI is required to select a PRC sub-custodian (the “PRC sub-custodian”) which satisfies relevant requirements as set out in QFI rules and regulations. The PRC sub-custodian maintains the fund’s deposit accounts and oversees the fund’s investments in A-Shares in the PRC to ensure their compliance with the rules and regulations of the CSRC and the PBOC. A-Shares that are traded on the SSE and SZSE are dealt and held in book-entry form through the CSDCC. A-Shares purchased by the Subadvisor, in their capacity as a QFI, on behalf of the fund, may be received by the CSDCC as credited to a securities trading account maintained by the PRC sub-custodian in the names of the fund and the Subadvisor as the QFI. The Subadvisor may not use the account for any other purpose than for maintaining the fund’s assets. However, given that the securities trading account will be maintained in the name of the Subadvisor for the benefit of the fund, the fund’s assets may not be as well protected as they would be if it were possible for them to be registered and held solely in the name of the fund. In particular, there is a risk that creditors of the Subadvisor may assert that the securities are owned by the Subadvisor and not the fund, and that a court would uphold such an assertion, in which case creditors of the Subadvisor could seize assets of the fund. Because the Subadvisor’s QFI license would be in the name of the Subadvisor rather than the fund, there is also a risk that regulatory actions taken against the Subadvisor by PRC government authorities may affect the fund.
Investors should note that cash deposited in the fund’s account with the PRC sub-custodian will not be segregated but will be a debt owing from the PRC sub-custodian to the fund as a depositor. Such cash will be co-mingled with cash belonging to other clients of the PRC sub-custodian. In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation of the PRC sub-custodian, the fund will not have any proprietary rights to the cash deposited in the account, and the fund will become an unsecured creditor, ranking pari passu with all other unsecured creditors, of the PRC sub-custodian. A fund may face difficulty and/or encounter delays in recovering such debt, or may not be able to recover it in full or at all, in which case the fund will suffer losses.
A-Shares tax risk. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result in unexpected tax liabilities for a fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in an issuer resident in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement or arrangement.
Since the respective inception of Shanghai – Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect, foreign investors (including the fund) investing in A-Shares listed on the SSE through Shanghai – Hong Kong Stock Connect and those listed on the SZSE through Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect would be temporarily exempt from the PRC corporate income tax and value-added tax on the gains on disposal of such A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless reduced under a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax authority. Since November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted. The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has been paid by the fund, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. The fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s return could be substantial. The fund may also be liable to the Advisor or Subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on the Advisor or Subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If the fund's direct investments in A-Shares through the Advisor's or Subadvisor’s QFI license in the future becomes subject to repatriation restrictions, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to regulated investment companies (“RICs”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and be subject to tax at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow money to the extent necessary to distribute to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively, including with respect to the possible liability of a fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect
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or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in the case of a QFI acting for a foreign investor such as the fund is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an RQFII would also be eligible for PRC Business Tax (“BT”) exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on the fund could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e., QFIIs continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from PRC value- added tax, which replaced the BT with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities, including A-Shares.
The PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are adverse to a fund and their shareholders.
If the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting capital gains taxes on such investments (whether made through Stock Connect or a QFI), a fund could be subject to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved (if any). The impact of any such tax liability on a fund’s return could be substantial. A fund will be liable to the Advisor and/or Subadvisor for any Chinese tax that is imposed on the Advisor and/or Subadvisor with respect to the fund’s investments.
To the extent a fund invests in swaps linked to A-Shares, such investments may be less tax-efficient for US tax purposes than a direct investment in A-Shares. Any tax liability incurred by the swap counterparty may be passed on to a fund. When a fund sells a swap on A-Shares, the sale price may take into account of the QFI’s tax liability.
Investments in swaps and other derivatives may be subject to special US federal income tax rules that could adversely affect the character, timing and amount of income earned by a fund (e.g., by causing amounts that would be capital gain to be taxed as ordinary income or to be taken into income earlier than would otherwise be necessary). Also, a fund may be required to periodically adjust its positions in its swaps and derivatives to comply with certain regulatory requirements which may further cause these investments to be less efficient than a direct investment in A-Shares. For example, swaps in which a fund may invest may need to be reset on a regular basis in order to maintain compliance with the 1940 Act, which may increase the likelihood that the fund will generate short-term capital gains. In addition, because the application of special tax rules to a fund and its investments may
be uncertain, it is possible that the manner in which they are applied by the fund may be determined to be incorrect. In that event, a fund may be found to have failed to maintain its qualification as a RIC or to be subject to additional US tax liability. A fund may make investments, both directly and through swaps or other derivative positions, in companies classified as passive foreign investment companies for US federal income tax purposes (“PFICs”). Investments in PFICs are subject to special tax rules which may result in adverse tax consequences to the fund and its shareholders.
Risks of investing through Stock Connect. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a number of restrictions that may affect the fund’s investments and returns. Although no individual investment quotas or licensing requirements apply to investors in Stock Connect, trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect. The Daily Quota does not belong to the fund and is utilized by all investors on a first-come-first- serve basis. As such, buy orders for securities under Stock Connect would be rejected once the Daily Quota is exceeded (although the fund will be permitted to sell the securities regardless of the Daily Quota balance). The Daily Quota may restrict the fund’s ability to invest in eligible securities through Stock Connect on a timely basis, which could affect the fund’s ability to effectively pursue its investment strategy. The Daily Quota is also subject to change.
In addition, investments made through Stock Connect are subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that are relatively untested in the PRC, which could pose risks to the fund. Moreover, eligible securities through Stock Connect (“Stock Connect Securities”) generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other than through Stock Connect in accordance with applicable rules. While securities must be designated as eligible to be traded under Stock Connect (such eligible securities listed on the SSE, the “SSE Securities,” and such eligible securities listed on the SZSE, the “SZSE Securities”), those securities may also lose such designation, and if this occurs, such securities may be sold but could no longer be purchased through Stock Connect. With respect to sell orders under Stock Connect, the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (“SEHK”) carries out pre-trade checks to ensure an investor has sufficient securities in its account before the market opens on the trading day. Accordingly, if there are insufficient securities in an investor’s account before the market opens on the trading day, the sell order will be rejected, which may adversely impact the funds’ performance. However, the fund may request a custodian to open a special segregated account (“SPSA”) in CCASS (the Central Clearing and Settlement System operated by HKSCC (the Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company
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Limited) for the clearing securities listed or traded on SEHK) to maintain its holdings in securities under the enhanced pre-trade checking model. Each SPSA will be assigned a unique “Investor ID” by CCASS for the purpose of facilitating Stock Connect order routing system to verify the holdings of an investor such as the fund. Provided that there is sufficient holding in the SPSA when a broker inputs the fund’s sell order, the fund will be able to dispose of its holdings of securities (as opposed to the practice of transferring securities to the broker’s account under the current pre-trade checking model for non-SPSA accounts). Opening of the SPSA accounts for the fund will enable it to dispose of its holdings of securities in a timely manner.
In addition, Stock Connect will only operate on days when both the mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an investment in A- Shares through Stock Connect may subject the fund to the risk of price fluctuations on days when the Chinese markets are open, but Stock Connect is not trading. The mainland Chinese and Hong Kong regulators have announced in August 2022 to enhance the trading calendar for Stock Connect, to allow Stock Connect trading on all the days which are trading days in both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets, even when the corresponding settlement days would be public holidays. However, as of the date of this Prospectus, such enhancements have not been implemented and detailed operational rules are yet to be issued. As such, it is uncertain how such enhanced trading calendar will be operated. Each of the SEHK, SSE and SZSE reserves the right to suspend trading under Stock Connect under certain circumstances. Where such a suspension of trading is effected, the fund’s ability to access securities through Stock Connect will be adversely affected. In addition, if one or both of the Chinese and Hong Kong markets are closed on a US trading day, the fund may not be able to acquire or dispose of securities through Stock Connect in a timely manner, which could adversely affect the fund’s performance.
The fund’s investments in securities though Stock Connect are held by its custodian in accounts in CCASS maintained by the HKSCC, which in turn holds the securities, as the nominee holder, through an omnibus securities account in its name registered with the China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited (“CSDCC”). The precise nature and rights of each fund as the beneficial owner of the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities through HKSCC as nominee is not well defined under PRC law. There is a lack of a clear definition of, and distinction between, legal ownership and beneficial ownership under PRC law and there have been few cases involving a nominee account structure in the PRC courts. The exact nature and methods of enforcement of the rights and interests of each fund under PRC law is also uncertain. In the unlikely event that HKSCC becomes subject to winding up proceedings in Hong Kong, there is a risk that the SSE Securities or SZSE
Securities may not be regarded as held for the beneficial ownership of each fund or as part of the general assets of HKSCC available for general distribution to its creditors.
Notwithstanding the fact that HKSCC does not claim proprietary interests in the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities held in its omnibus stock account in the CSDCC, the CSDCC as the share registrar for SSE- or SZSE-listed companies will still treat HKSCC as one of the shareholders when it handles corporate actions in respect of such SSE Securities or SZSE Securities. HKSCC monitors the corporate actions affecting SSE Securities and SZSE Securities and keeps participants of CCASS informed of all such corporate actions that require CCASS participants to take steps in order to participate in them. A fund will therefore depend on HKSCC for both settlement and notification and implementation of corporate actions.
The HKSCC is responsible for the clearing, settlement and the provisions of depositary, nominee and other related services of the trades executed by Hong Kong market participants and investors. Accordingly, investors do not hold SSE Securities or SZSE Securities directly – they are held through their brokers’ or custodians’ accounts with CCASS. The HKSCC and the CSDCC establish clearing links and each has become a participant of the other to facilitate clearing and settlement of cross-border trades. Should CSDCC default and the CSDCC be declared as a defaulter, HKSCC’s liabilities in Stock Connect under its market contracts with clearing participants will be limited to assisting clearing participants in pursuing their claims against the CSDCC. In that event, the fund may suffer delays in the recovery process or may not be able to fully recover its losses from the CSDCC.
Market participants are able to participate in Stock Connect subject to meeting certain information technology capability, risk management and other requirements as may be specified by the relevant exchange and/or clearing house. Further, the “connectivity” in Stock Connect requires the routing of orders across the borders of Hong Kong and the PRC. This requires the development of new information technology systems on the part of the SEHK and exchange participants. There is no assurance that these systems will function properly or will continue to be adapted to changes and developments in both markets. In the event that the relevant systems fail to function properly, trading in securities through Stock Connect could be disrupted, and the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be adversely affected.
A primary feature of Stock Connect is the application of the home market’s laws and rules applicable to investors in securities. Therefore, the fund’s investments in Stock Connect Securities are generally subject to PRC securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions.
Finally, according to Caishui [2014] 81 (“Circular 81”) and Caishui [2016] 127 (“Circular 127”), while foreign investors are exempted from paying capital gains or business taxes
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(later, value-added taxes) on income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect, these PRC tax rules could be changed, which could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund. Dividends derived from A-Shares are subject to a 10% PRC withholding income tax generally. PRC stamp duty is also payable for transactions in A-Shares through Stock Connect. Currently, PRC stamp duty on A-Shares transactions is only imposed on the seller, but not on the purchaser, at the tax rate of 0.1% of the total sales value.
Circular 81 and Circular 127 stipulate that PRC business tax (and, subsequently, PRC value-added tax) is temporarily exempted on capital gains derived by Hong Kong market participants (including the fund) from the trading of A-Shares through Stock Connect. According to Caishui [2016] No. 36, the PRC value-added tax reform in the PRC will be expanded to all industries, including financial services, starting May 1, 2016. The PRC business tax exemption prescribed in Circular 81 is grandfathered under the value-added tax regime.
The Stock Connect program is a relatively new program. Further developments are likely and there can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether future developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect the fund’s investments or returns. In addition, the application and interpretation of the laws and regulations of Hong Kong and the PRC, and the rules, policies or guidelines published or applied by relevant regulators and exchanges in respect of the Stock Connect program are uncertain, and they may have a detrimental effect on the fund’s investments and returns.
Political and economic risk. The economy of China, which has been in a state of transition from a planned economy to a more market oriented economy, differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including the level of government involvement, its state of development, its growth rate, control of foreign exchange, and allocation of resources. Although the majority of productive assets in China are still owned by the PRC government at various levels, in recent years, the PRC government has implemented economic reform measures emphasizing utilization of market forces in the development of the economy of China and a high level of management autonomy. The economy of China has experienced significant growth in recent decades, but growth has been uneven both geographically and among various sectors of the economy. Economic growth has also been accompanied by periods of high inflation. The PRC government has implemented various measures from time to time to control inflation and restrain the rate of economic growth.
For several decades, the PRC government has carried out economic reforms to achieve decentralization and utilization of market forces to develop the economy of the PRC. These reforms have resulted in significant economic growth and social progress. However, there can be no
assurance that the PRC government will continue to pursue such economic policies or that such policies, if pursued, will be successful. Any adjustment and modification of those economic policies may have an adverse impact on the securities markets in the PRC as well as the constituent securities of the Underlying Index. Further, the PRC government may from time to time adopt corrective measures to control the growth of the PRC economy which may also have an adverse impact on the capital growth and performance of the fund.
Political changes, social instability and adverse diplomatic developments in the PRC could result in the imposition of additional government restrictions including expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxes or nationalization of some or all of the property held by the issuers of the A-Shares in the fund’s Underlying Index. The laws, regulations, including the investment regulations, government policies and political and economic climate in China may change with little or no advance notice. Any such change could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of securities in the fund’s portfolio.
The Chinese government continues to be an active participant in many economic sectors through ownership positions and regulations. The allocation of resources in China is subject to a high level of government control. The Chinese government strictly regulates the payment of foreign currency denominated obligations and sets monetary policy. Through its policies, the government may provide preferential treatment to particular industries or companies. Recently, the Chinese government has become more aggressive about regulating the operations of particular companies or sectors, including large companies which are indirectly listed in the US. These regulations may substantially limit or prohibit the operations of such companies and cause investors to lose some or all of the value of their investment. The policies set by the government could have a substantial effect on the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments.
The Chinese economy is export-driven and highly reliant on trade. The performance of the Chinese economy may differ favorably or unfavorably from the US economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation, currency depreciation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. The domestic consumer class in China is still emergent, while the economy's dependence on exports may not be sustainable. Adverse changes to the economic conditions of its primary trading partners, such as the European Union, the US, Hong Kong, the Association of South East Asian Nations, and Japan, would adversely affect the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments.
In addition, as much of China’s growth over recent decades has been a result of significant investment in substantial export trade, international trade tensions may arise from time to time which can result in trade tariffs, embargoes,
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trade limitations, trade wars and other negative consequences. The current political climate has intensified concerns about trade tariffs and a potential trade war between China and the US. These consequences may trigger a significant reduction in international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of China’s export industry with a potentially severe negative impact to the fund. In addition, it is possible that the continuation or worsening of the current political climate could result in regulatory restrictions being contemplated or imposed in the US or in China that could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective. In July 2020, the President’s Working Group on Financial Markets (“PWG”) proposed a number of regulatory changes aimed at addressing potential risks to US investors from investments in issuers that provide limited access to their financial statements, including Chinese companies. The PWG’s proposals included having the SEC consider encouraging or requiring US registered funds to conduct additional due diligence on an index’s exposure to such issuers and how the index provider addresses concerns arising from limited availability of such issuers’ financial information. If the SEC adopts these proposals, they could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index. In addition, in June 2021, the President of the United States issued an executive order (“CMIC Order”) prohibiting US persons, including the fund, from purchasing or selling publicly traded securities (including publicly traded securities that are derivative of, or are designed to provide exposure to, such securities) of any Chinese company identified as a Chinese Military Industrial Complex Company (“CMIC”). This prohibition, effective August 2, 2021, expands on similar sanctions imposed by the prior administration on certain designated Chinese military companies (“CCMCs”) that took effect in January 2021. To the extent that any company in the Underlying Index is identified as a CMIC at any time (or was previously designated as a CCMC), it may have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. Also,in December 2020, the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“HFCAA”) was signed into law. Since the HFCAA was signed, the SEC has placed many Chinese companies listed on a US stock exchange on a watchlist, indicating that securities of foreign issuers (including China) will be de-listed from US stock exchanges if those companies do not permit US oversight of the auditing of their financial information. The potential impact of the HFCAA is unclear at this time, but to the extent that the fund currently transacts in securities of a foreign company in the Underlying Index on a US exchange but is unable to do so in the future, the fund will have to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities or obtain exposure to such securities through alternative means (such as derivatives),
either of which could increase the fund’s costs and have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index. Finally, the Chair of the SEC announced in July 2021 that the SEC would be requiring additional disclosures about the corporate structure of Chinese companies listing in the US (pursuant to which US investors own shares in an offshore shell company rather than the Chinese company itself) and the risks to US investors, including the risks of such companies being delisted from the US exchange under the HFCAA. Events such as these are difficult to predict and may or may not occur in the future.
China has been transitioning to a market economy since the late seventies, and has only recently opened up to foreign investment and permitted private economic activity. Under the economic reforms implemented by the Chinese government, the Chinese economy has experienced tremendous growth, developing into one of the largest and fastest growing economies in the world. There is no assurance, however, that the Chinese government will not revert to the economic policy of central planning that it implemented prior to 1978 or that such growth will be sustained in the future. An economic downturn in China would adversely impact the fund’s investments.
From time to time, and as recently as early 2020 with the coronavirus known as COVID-19, China has experienced outbreaks of infectious illnesses, and the country may be subject to other infectious illnesses, diseases or other public health emergencies in the future. Any public health emergency could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the fund’s investments. These risks may be heightened to the extent China pursues a “zero COVID” or similar strategy that attempts to eradicate the incidence of a disease for extended periods, thus leading to shutdowns or other interventions which affect the Chinese and/or global economy for periods beyond that which might be caused by the public health policies of other countries.
Inflation. Economic growth in China has historically been accompanied by periods of high inflation. Beginning in 2004, the Chinese government commenced the implementation of various measures to control inflation, which included the tightening of the money supply, the raising of interest rates and more stringent control over certain industries. If these measures are not successful, and if inflation were to steadily increase, the performance of the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments could be adversely affected.
Nationalization and expropriation. After the formation of the Chinese socialist state in 1949, the Chinese government renounced various debt obligations and nationalized private assets without providing any form of compensation. There can be no assurance that the Chinese
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government will not take similar actions in the future. Accordingly, an investment in the fund involves a risk of a total loss.
Hong Kong policy. As part of Hong Kong’s transition from British to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, China agreed to allow Hong Kong to maintain a high degree of autonomy with regard to its political, legal and economic systems for a period of at least 50 years. China controls matters that relate to defense and foreign affairs. Under the agreement, China does not tax Hong Kong, does not limit the exchange of the Hong Kong dollar for foreign currencies and does not place restrictions on free trade in Hong Kong. However, there is no guarantee that China will continue to honor the agreement, and China may change its policies regarding Hong Kong at any time. As of July 2020, the Chinese Standing Committee of the National People's Congress enacted the Law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, (the “Hong Kong Law”), which imposed substantial limits on Hong Kong’s political and legal autonomy in a manner widely considered within Hong Kong and by other countries as a violation of China’s agreement in 1997. Hong Kong has experienced wide protests and extensive turmoil before and after the enactment of this law. Also as of July 2020, Hong Kong is no longer afforded preferential economic treatment by the United States under US law, and there is uncertainty as to how the economy of Hong Kong will be affected. Any further changes in China's policies could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of securities in the fund’s portfolio.
Chinese securities markets. The securities markets in China have a limited operating history and are not as developed as those in the US. The markets tend to be smaller in size, have less liquidity and historically have had greater volatility than markets in the US and some other countries. In addition, under normal market conditions, there is less regulation and monitoring of Chinese securities markets and the activities of investors, brokers and other participants than in the US. Accordingly, issuers of securities in China are not subject to the same degree of regulation as are US issuers with respect to such matters as insider trading rules, tender offer regulation, stockholder proxy requirements and the requirements mandating timely disclosure of information. During periods of significant market volatility, the Chinese government has, from time to time, intervened in its domestic securities markets to a greater degree than would be typical in more developed markets, including both direct and indirect market stabilization efforts, which may affect valuations of Chinese issuers. Stock markets in China are in the process of change and further development. This may lead to trading volatility, difficulty in the settlement and recording of transactions and difficulty in interpreting and applying the relevant regulations.
Available disclosure about Chinese companies. Chinese companies are required to follow Chinese accounting standards and practices, which only follow international accounting standards to a certain extent. However, the accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices applicable to PRC companies, including those listed on US exchanges, may be less rigorous, and there may be significant differences between financial statements prepared in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and practice and those prepared in accordance with international accounting standards. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of a Chinese issuer may not reflect its financial position or results of operations in the way they would be reflected had such financial statements been prepared in accordance with US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The quality of audits in China may be unreliable, which may require enhanced procedures. Consequently, the fund may not be provided the same degree of protection or information as would generally apply in developed countries and the fund may be exposed to significant losses. There is also substantially less publicly available information about Chinese issuers than there is about US issuers. Therefore, disclosure of certain material information may not be made, and less information may be available to the fund and other investors than would be the case if the fund’s investments were restricted to securities of US issuers. Under the HFCAA, Chinese companies with securities listed in the US may be delisted if they do not meet US accounting and auditor oversight requirements, which could cause the fund to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities or obtain exposure to such securities through alternative means (such as derivatives), either of which could increase the fund's costs and have a material adverse effect on the fund's ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index.
Chinese corporate and securities law. The regulations which regulate investments by QFIs in the PRC and the repatriation of capital from QFI investments are relatively new. As a result, the application and interpretation of such investment regulations are therefore relatively untested. In addition, PRC authorities and regulators have broad discretion under such investment regulations and there is little precedent or certainty evidencing how such discretion will be exercised now or in the future.
The fund’s rights with respect to its investments in A-Shares (as applicable), if any, generally will not be governed by US law, and instead will generally be governed by Chinese law. China operates under a civil law system, in which court precedent is not binding. Because there is no binding precedent to interpret existing statutes, there is uncertainty regarding the implementation of existing law.
Legal principles relating to corporate affairs and the validity of corporate procedures, directors’ fiduciary duties and liabilities and stockholders’ rights often differ from those
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that may apply in the US and other countries. Chinese laws providing protection to investors, such as laws regarding the fiduciary duties of officers and directors, are undeveloped and will not provide investors, such as the fund, with protection in all situations where protection would be provided by comparable laws in the US. China lacks a national set of laws that address all issues that may arise with regard to a foreign investor such as the fund. It may therefore be difficult for the fund to enforce its rights as an investor under Chinese corporate and securities laws, and it may be difficult or impossible for the fund to obtain a judgment in court. Moreover, as Chinese corporate and securities laws continue to develop, these developments may adversely affect foreign investors, such as the fund.
Due to restrictions on foreign ownership of Chinese companies imposed under Chinese law, Chinese companies that are listed in the US typically do not offer common stock in the company itself to US investors. Rather, Chinese companies typically offer shares of an offshore shell company (typically referred to as a “variable interest entity” or “VIE”) that has entered into service and other contracts with the Chinese company. Accordingly, US investors in Chinese companies listed on a US stock exchange do not actually own shares of the Chinese company itself. The US-listed shell company does not control the Chinese company and must rely on the Chinese company to perform its contractual obligations (which, as noted above, are governed by Chinese corporate and securities laws that are less protective of shareholders than US laws). Moreover, the Chinese government may at any time invalidate or limit the contracts between a Chinese company and the offshore shell company which is offering shares in the US, which may result in the partial or total loss of the value of a US investor's shares in the offshore shell company even if a direct investment in the Chinese company would retain value.
Other sanctions and embargoes. From time to time, certain of the companies in which the fund expects to invest may operate in, or have dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the US government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the US government as state sponsors of terrorism. A company may suffer damage to its reputation if it is identified as a company which operates in, or has dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the US government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the US government as state sponsors of terrorism. As an investor in such companies, the fund will be indirectly subject to those risks.
Foreign exchange control. The Chinese government heavily regulates the domestic exchange of foreign currencies within China. Under China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) regulations, Chinese corporations may only purchase foreign currencies through
government approved banks. In general, Chinese companies must receive approval from or register with the Chinese government before investing in certain capital account items, including direct investments and loans, and must thereafter maintain separate foreign exchange accounts for the capital items. Foreign investors may only exchange foreign currencies at specially authorized banks after complying with documentation requirements. These restrictions may adversely affect the fund and its investments. The international community has requested that China ease its restrictions on currency exchange, but it is unclear whether the Chinese government will change its policy.
RMB, is currently not a freely convertible currency as it is subject to foreign exchange control, fiscal policies and repatriation restrictions imposed by the Chinese government. Such control of currency conversion and movements in the RMB exchange rates may adversely affect the operations and financial results of companies in the PRC. In addition, if such control policies change in the future, the fund may be adversely affected. Since 2005, the exchange rate of the RMB is no longer pegged to the US dollar. The RMB has now moved to a managed floating exchange rate based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of foreign currencies. The daily trading price of the RMB against other major currencies in the inter-bank foreign exchange market would be allowed to float within a narrow band around the central parity published by the People’s Bank of China. As the exchange rates are based primarily on market forces, the exchange rates for RMB against other currencies, including the US dollar, are susceptible to movements based on external factors. There can be no assurance that the RMB will not be subject to appreciation or devaluation, either due to changes in government policy or market factors. Any devaluation of the RMB could adversely affect the value of the fund’s investments. The PRC government imposes restrictions on the remittance of RMB out of and into China. To the extent the fund invests through a QFI, the fund may be required to remit foreign freely convertible currencies (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) to the PRC to settle the purchase of A-Shares and other permissible securities by the fund. In the event such remittance is disrupted, the fund may not be able to fully replicate its Underlying Index by investing in the relevant A-Shares and this will increase the tracking error of the fund. Any delay in repatriation out of China may result in delay in payment of redemption proceeds to the redeeming investors. The Chinese government’s policies on exchange control and repatriation restrictions are subject to change, and the fund’s performance may be adversely affected.
Foreign currency considerations. The assets of the fund are invested primarily in the equity securities of issuers in China and the income received by the fund will be primarily in RMB.
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RMB can be further categorized into onshore RMB (“CNY”), traded only in the PRC, and offshore RMB (“CNH”), traded outside the PRC. CNY and CNH are traded at different exchange rates and their exchange rates may not move in the same direction. Although there has been a growing amount of RMB held offshore, CNH cannot be freely remitted into the PRC and is subject to certain restrictions, and vice versa. The fund may also be adversely affected by the exchange rates between CNY and CNH. There is no assurance that there will always be RMB available in sufficient amounts for the fund to remain fully invested.
Meanwhile, the fund will compute and expects to distribute its income in US dollars, and the computation of income will be made on the date that the income is earned by the fund at the foreign exchange rate in effect on that date. Any gain or loss attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the fund accrues income or gain and the time the fund converts such income or gain from RMB to the US dollar is generally treated as ordinary income or loss for US federal income tax purposes. Therefore, if the value of the RMB increases relative to the US dollar between the accrual of income and the time at which the fund converts the RMB to US dollars, the fund will recognize ordinary income when the RMB is converted. In such circumstances, if the fund has insufficient cash in US dollars to meet distribution requirements under the Internal Revenue Code, the fund may be required to liquidate certain positions in order to make distributions. The liquidation of investments, if required, may also have an adverse impact on the fund’s performance.
Furthermore, the fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between US dollars and RMB. Foreign exchange dealers realize a profit based on the difference between the prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies. Thus, a dealer normally will offer to sell a foreign currency to the fund at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the fund desire immediately to resell that currency to the dealer. A fund will conduct its foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market, or through entering into forward, futures or options contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies.
Currently, there is no market in China in which the fund may engage in hedging transactions to minimize RMB foreign exchange risk in CNY, and there can be no guarantee that instruments suitable for hedging currency in CNY will be available to the fund in China at any time in the future. In the event that in the future it becomes possible to hedge RMB currency risk in China in CNY, the fund may seek to reduce the foregoing currency risks by engaging in hedging transactions. In that case, the fund may enter into forward currency exchange contracts and currency futures contracts and options on such futures contracts, as
well as purchase put or call options on currencies, in China. The fund does not currently intend to hedge RMB currency risk in CNH. Currency hedging would involve special risks, including possible default by the other party to the transaction, illiquidity and, to the extent the Advisor’s or Subadvisor’s (as applicable) view as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk that the use of hedging could result in losses greater than if they had not been used. The use of currency transactions could result in the fund’s incurring losses as a result of the imposition of exchange controls, exchange rate regulation, suspension of settlements or the inability to deliver or receive a specified currency.
PRC brokers risk. Regulations adopted by the CSRC and SAFE under which the fund will invest in A-Shares provide that the Subadvisor as a QFI, may select PRC broker(s) to execute transactions on its behalf on each of the PRC exchanges. The Subadvisor may select the same broker(s) for all exchanges. As a result, the Subadvisor will have less flexibility to choose among brokers on behalf of the fund than is typically the case for US investment managers. In the event of any default of a PRC broker in the execution or settlement of any transaction or in the transfer of any funds or securities in the PRC, the fund may encounter delays in recovering its assets which may in turn adversely impact the NAV of the fund.
If the Subadvisor is unable to use one of its designated PRC brokers in the PRC, units of the fund may trade at a premium or discount to its NAV or the fund may not be able to track the Underlying Index. Further, the operation of the fund may be adversely affected in the case of any acts or omissions of a PRC broker, which may result in increased tracking error or the fund being traded at a significant premium or discount to its NAV. The limited number of PRC brokers that may be appointed may cause the fund to not necessarily pay the lowest commission available in the market. The Subadvisor, however, in its selection of PRC brokers will consider such factors as the competitiveness of commission rates, size of the relevant orders, and execution standards. There is a risk that the fund may suffer losses from the default, bankruptcy or disqualification of the PRC brokers. In such events, the fund may be adversely affected in the execution of any transaction.
Disclosure of interests and short swing profit rule. The fund may be subject to shareholder disclosure of interest regulations promulgated by the CSRC. These regulations currently require the fund to make certain public disclosures when the fund and parties acting in concert with the fund acquire 5% or more of the issued voting securities of a listed company (which include A-Shares of the listed company). If the reporting requirement is triggered, the fund will be required to report information which includes, but is not limited to: (a) information about the fund (and parties acting in concert with the fund) and the type and extent of its holdings in the company; (b) a statement of the fund’s purposes for the investment and whether the
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fund intends to increase its holdings over the following 12-month period; (c) a statement of the fund’s historical investments in the company over the previous six months; (d) the time of, and other information relating to, the transaction that triggered the fund’s holding in the listed company reaching the 5% reporting threshold; and (e) other information that may be required by the CSRC or the stock exchange. Additional information may be required if the fund and its concerted parties constitute the largest shareholder or actual controlling shareholder of the listed company. The report must be made to the CSRC, the stock exchange, the invested company, and the CSRC local representative office where the listed company is located. A fund would also be required to make a public announcement through a media outlet designated by the CSRC. The public announcement must contain the same content as the official report. The public announcement may require the fund to disclose its holdings to the public, which could have an adverse effect on the performance of the fund.
The relevant PRC regulations presumptively treat all affiliated investors and investors under common control as parties acting in concert. As such, under a conservative interpretation of these regulations, the fund may be deemed as a “concerted party” of other funds managed by the Advisor, Subadvisor or their affiliates and therefore may be subject to the risk that the fund’s holdings may be required to be reported in the aggregate with the holdings of such other funds should the aggregate holdings trigger the reporting threshold under the PRC law. If the 5% shareholding threshold is triggered by the fund and parties acting in concert with the fund, the fund would be required to file its report within three days of the date the threshold is reached. During the time limit for filing the report, a trading freeze applies and the fund would not be permitted to make subsequent trades in the invested company’s securities. Any such trading freeze may undermine the fund’s performance, if the fund would otherwise make trades during that period but is prevented from doing so by the regulation.
Once the fund and parties acting in concert reach the 5% trading threshold as to any listed company, any subsequent incremental increase or decrease of 5% or more will trigger a further reporting requirement and an additional trading freeze from the date the threshold is reached to the end of three days after the report and announcement is made. These trading freezes may undermine the fund’s performance as described above. According to the securities laws of China, whoever purchases the voting securities of a listed company in violation of the requirements in this paragraph may not exercise the voting rights of the securities that exceed the threshold within 36 months after purchasing them.
Further, once the fund and parties acting in concert reach the 5% trading threshold as to any listed company, for any subsequent incremental increase or decrease of 1%, the fund would be required to notify the listed company and
make an announcement thereon on the day immediately after the date the threshold is reached. Also, SSE requirements currently require the fund and parties acting in concert, once they have reach the 5% threshold, to disclose whenever their shareholding drops below this threshold (even as a result of trading which is less than the 5% incremental change that would trigger a reporting requirement under the relevant CSRC regulation).
CSRC regulations also contain additional disclosure (and tender offer) requirements that apply when an investor and parties acting in concert reach thresholds of 20% and greater than 30% shareholding in a company.
Subject to the interpretation of PRC courts and PRC regulators, the operation of the PRC short swing profit rule may be applicable to the trading of the fund with the result that where the holdings of the fund (possibly with the holdings of other investors deemed as concert parties of the fund) exceed 5% of the total issued voting shares of a listed company, the fund may not reduce its holdings in the company within six months of the last purchase of shares of the company. If a fund violates the rule, it may be required by the listed company to return any profits realized from such trading to the listed company. In addition, the rule limits the ability of the fund to repurchase securities of the listed company within six months of such sale. Moreover, under PRC civil procedures, the fund’s assets may be frozen to the extent of the claims made by the company in question. These risks may greatly impair the performance of the fund.
Investment and repatriation restrictions. Investments by the fund in A-Shares (as well as other Chinese financial instruments permitted by the CSRC and the People’s Bank of China, including open- and closed-end investment companies) may be subject to governmental pre-approval limitations on the quantity that the fund may purchase and/or limits on the classes of securities in which the fund may invest.
With respect to investments in A-Shares made through the QFI program, repatriations by QFIs are currently not subject to repatriation restrictions or prior regulatory approval, although a review on authenticity and compliance will be conducted on each remittance and repatriation by the PRC sub-custodian appointed by the QFI. The repatriation process may be subject to certain requirements set out in the relevant regulations such as submission of certain documents, and completion of the repatriation process may be subject to delay. Furthermore, as the PRC sub-custodian’s review on authenticity and compliance is conducted on each repatriation, the repatriation may be delayed or even rejected by the PRC sub-custodian in case of non-compliance with the QFI rules and regulations. In such case, redemption proceeds will be paid to the redeeming investors as soon as practicable after completion of the repatriation of funds concerned. The actual time required for the completion of the relevant repatriation
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will be beyond the Subadvisor’s control. There is no assurance, however, that PRC rules and regulations will not change or that repatriation restrictions will not be imposed in the future. Any restrictions on repatriation of the fund’s assets may adversely affect the fund’s ability to meet redemption requests and/or may cause the fund to borrow money in order to meet its obligations. These limitations may also prevent the fund from making certain distributions to shareholders.
The Chinese government limits foreign investment in the securities of certain Chinese issuers entirely, if foreign investment is banned in respect of the industry in which the relevant Chinese issuers are conducting their business. These restrictions or limitations may have adverse effects on the liquidity and performance of the fund’s holdings as compared to the performance of the Underlying Index. This may increase the risk of tracking error and, at the worst, the fund may not be able to achieve its investment objective.
A-Shares currency risk. The fund’s investments in A-Shares will be denominated in RMB and the income received by the fund in respect of such investments will be in RMB. As a result, changes in currency exchange rates may adversely affect the fund’s returns. The value of the RMB may be subject to a high degree of fluctuation due to changes in interest rates, the effects of monetary policies issued by the PRC, the US, foreign governments, central banks or supranational entities, the imposition of currency controls or other national or global political or economic developments. Therefore, the fund’s exposure to RMB may result in reduced returns to the fund. The fund does not expect to hedge its currency risk. Moreover, the fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between US dollars and RMB and will bear the risk of any inability to convert the RMB.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than
those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
In addition, various PRC companies derive their revenues in RMB but have requirements for foreign currency, including for the import of materials, debt service on foreign currency denominated debt, purchases of imported equipment and payment of any cash dividends declared. The existing PRC foreign exchange regulations have significantly reduced government foreign exchange controls for certain transactions, including trade and service related foreign exchange transactions and payment of dividends. However, it is impossible to predict whether the PRC government will continue its existing foreign exchange policy and when the PRC government will allow free conversion of the RMB to foreign currency. Certain foreign exchange transactions, including principal payments in respect of foreign currency-denominated obligations, currently continue to be subject to significant foreign exchange controls and require the approval of SAFE. Since 1994, the conversion of RMB into US dollars has been based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China, which are set daily based on the previous day’s PRC interbank foreign exchange market rate. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government introduced a managed floating exchange rate system to allow the value of RMB to fluctuate within a regulated band based on market supply and demand and by reference to a basket of currencies. In addition, a market maker system was introduced to the interbank spot foreign exchange market. In July 2008, China announced that its exchange rate regime was further transformed into a managed floating mechanism based on market supply and demand. Given the domestic and overseas economic developments, the PBOC decided to further improve the RMB exchange rate regime in June 2010 to enhance the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate. In April 2012, the PBOC decided to take a further step to increase the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate by expanding the daily trading band from +/– 0.5% to +/– 1%. Effective from March 17, 2014, the floating band of RMB against USD on the inter-bank spot foreign exchange market was enlarged from 1% to 2%, i.e., on every trading
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day on the inter-bank spot market, the trading prices of RMB against USD would fluctuate within a band of +/– 2 below and above the central parity as released by the China Foreign Exchange Trade System on that day. On each business day, the spread between the RMB/USD buying and selling prices offered by the designated foreign exchange banks to their clients was within 3% of the published central parity of USD on that day, instead of 2%. Effective from August 11, 2015, the RMB central parity is fixed against the USD by reference to the closing rate of the interbank foreign exchange market on the previous day (rather than the previous morning’s official setting). It is not possible to predict nor give any assurance of any future stability of the RMB to US dollar exchange rate. Fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect the fund’s NAV. Furthermore, because dividends are declared in US dollars and underlying payments are made in RMB, fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect dividends paid by the fund.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the
particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
To the extent the fund invests in swaps to gain exposure to A-Shares in an effort to achieve the fund’s investment objective, the fund will be subject to the risk that the number of counterparties able to enter into swaps to provide exposure to A-Shares may be limited. To the extent that the QFI license of a potential swap counterparty is revoked or eliminated due to actions by the Chinese government or as a result of transactions entered into by the counterparty with other investors, the counterparty’s ability to continue to enter into swaps or other derivative transactions with the fund may be reduced or eliminated, which could have a material adverse effect on the fund. These risks are compounded by the fact that at present there are only a limited number of potential counterparties willing and able to enter into swap transactions linked to the performance of A-Shares.
Furthermore, swaps are of limited duration and there is no guarantee that swaps entered into with a counterparty will continue indefinitely. Accordingly, the duration of a swap depends on, among other things, the ability of the fund to renew the expiration period of the relevant swap at agreed upon terms. QFIs may be limited or prohibited from entering into swap or other derivative transactions on QFI investments with the fund, which, in turn, could adversely affect the fund.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Materials sector risk. To the extent the fund invests a significant portion of its assets in securities issued by companies in the materials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund's performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the
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materials sector. Companies engaged in the production and distribution of materials may be adversely affected by changes in world events, political and economic conditions, energy conservation, environmental policies, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, litigation and government regulations, increased competition, over-production, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Industrials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the industrials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates.
Information technology sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the information technology sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the information technology sector. Information technology companies are particularly vulnerable to government regulation and competition, both domestically and internationally, including competition from foreign competitors with lower production costs. Information technology companies also face competition for services of qualified personnel. Additionally, the products of information technology companies may face obsolescence due to rapid technological development and frequent new product introduction by competitors. Finally, information technology companies are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights, the loss or impairment of which may adversely affect profitability.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the
Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
If the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments (including China A-Shares), the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may prevent the fund from being able
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to realize full value and thus sell a security for its full valuation. This could cause a material decline in the fund’s net asset value.
Tracking error risk. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of its Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure to the required levels in order to track the Underlying Index. In addition, to the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index) it may cause the fund to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to legal restrictions or limitations imposed by the governments of certain countries, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its NAV based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on securities’ closing prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. The performance of the fund also may diverge from that of the Underlying Index if the Advisor and/or Subadvisor seek to gain exposure to A-Shares by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles because the Stock Connect Daily Quota has been exhausted or the Subadvisor is unable to maintain its QFI status. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and
deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers. exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any
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exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of a fund.
In addition, the securities held by a fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of a fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The bid/ask spread of the Fund may be wider in comparison to the bid/ask spread of other ETFs, due to the Fund’s exposure to A-Shares. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with a fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Valuation risk. Because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s
or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue
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trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Non-diversification risk. At any given time, due to the composition of the Underlying Index, the fund may be classified as “non-diversified” and may invest a larger percentage of its assets in securities of a few issuers or a single issuer than that of a diversified fund. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers. This may increase the fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the fund’s performance.
Cash transactions risk. Unlike many ETFs, the fund expects to effect its creations and redemptions principally for cash, rather than in-kind securities. Other more conventional ETFs generally are able to make in-kind redemptions and avoid realizing gains in connection with transactions designed to meet redemption requests. Effecting all redemptions for cash may cause the fund to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. Such dispositions may occur at an inopportune time resulting in potential losses to the fund and involve transaction costs. If the fund recognizes a capital loss on these sales, the loss will offset capital gains (subject to certain limitations) and may result in smaller capital gain distributions from the fund. If the fund recognizes gain on these sales, this generally will cause the fund to recognize gain it might not otherwise have recognized
if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required. The fund generally intends to distribute these gains to shareholders to avoid being taxed on this gain at the fund level and otherwise comply with the special tax rules that apply to it. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax on gains they would not otherwise be subject to, or at an earlier date than, if they had made an investment in a more conventional ETF.
In addition, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities market is relatively illiquid and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if a fund sold and redeemed its shares principally in-kind, will generally be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. To the extent transaction and other costs associated with a redemption exceed the redemption fee, those transaction costs might be borne by the fund’s remaining shareholders. China may also impose higher local tax rates on transactions involving certain companies. In addition, these factors may result in wider spreads between the bid and the offered prices of the fund’s shares than for more conventional ETFs.
As a practical matter, only institutions and large investors, such as market makers or other large broker-dealers, purchase or redeem Creation Units. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the fund on an exchange.
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
Small company risk. Small company stocks tend to be more volatile than medium-sized or large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow small companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on small companies, since they may lack the financial resources of larger companies. Small company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
US tax risk. The fund intends to distribute annually all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain. However, should the Chinese government impose restrictions on the fund’s ability to repatriate funds associated with direct investments in A-Shares, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Internal Revenue Code. If the fund fails to satisfy the distribution requirements necessary to qualify for treatment as a RIC for any taxable year, the fund would be treated as a corporation subject to US federal income tax, thereby subjecting any income earned by the fund to tax at the corporate level regardless of
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whether such income was distributed. If the fund fails to satisfy a separate distribution requirement, it will be subject to a fund-level excise tax. These fund-level taxes will apply in addition to taxes payable at the shareholder level on distributions.
Borrowing risk. Borrowing creates leverage. It also adds to fund expenses and at times could effectively force the fund to sell securities when it otherwise might not want to.
To the extent that the fund borrows money and then invests that money, it creates leverage, in that the fund is exposed to investment risks through the securities it has pledged for collateral as well as through the investments it purchases with the money borrowed against that collateral. This leverage means that changes in the prices of securities the fund owns will have a greater effect on the share price of the fund. The fund incurs interest expense and other costs when it borrows money; therefore, unless returns on assets acquired with borrowed funds are greater than the costs of borrowing, performance will be lower than it would have been without any borrowing. When the fund borrows money it must comply with certain asset coverage requirements, which at times may require the fund to dispose of some of its portfolio holdings even though it may be disadvantageous to do so at that time.
Underlying funds risk. To the extent the fund invests a substantial portion of its assets in one or more Underlying Funds, the fund’s performance will be directly related to the performance of an Underlying Fund. The fund’s investments in other investment companies subject the fund to the risks affecting those investment companies.
In addition, the fund indirectly pays a portion of the expenses incurred by an Underlying Fund, which lowers performance. To the extent that the fund’s allocations favor an Underlying Fund with higher expenses, the overall cost of investing paid by the fund will be higher.
The fund is also subject to the risk that an Underlying Fund may pay a redemption request made by the fund, wholly or partly, by an in-kind distribution of portfolio securities rather than in cash. The fund may hold such portfolio securities until the Advisor determines to dispose of them, and the fund will bear the market risk of the securities received in the redemption until their disposition. Upon disposing of such portfolio securities, the fund may experience increased brokerage commissions.
An investor in the fund may receive taxable gains from portfolio transactions by an Underlying Fund, as well as taxable gains from transactions in shares of the Underlying Fund held by the fund. As the fund’s allocations to an Underlying Fund change from time to time, or to the extent that the expense ratio of an Underlying Fund changes, the weighted average operating expenses borne by the fund may increase or decrease.
To the extent the fund invests a substantial portion of its assets in shares of foreign investment companies, including but not limited to, ETFs the shares of which are listed and traded primarily or solely on a foreign securities exchange, such foreign funds will not be registered as investment companies with the SEC or subject to the US federal securities laws. As a result, the fund’s ability to transfer shares of such foreign funds outside of the foreign fund’s primary market will be restricted or prohibited. While such foreign funds may operate similarly to domestic funds, the fund as an investor in a foreign fund will not be afforded the same investor protections as are provided by the US federal securities laws.
When the fund invests in a foreign fund, in addition to directly bearing the expenses associated with its own operations, it will bear a pro rata portion of the foreign fund’s expenses. Further, in part because of these additional expenses, the performance of a foreign fund may differ from the performance the fund would achieve if it invested directly in the underlying investments of the foreign fund. The fund’s investments in foreign ETFs will be subject to the risk that the NAV of the foreign fund’s shares may trade below the fund’s NAV. The NAV of foreign fund shares will fluctuate with changes in the market value of the foreign fund’s holdings. The trading prices of foreign fund shares will fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as market supply and demand. The difference between the bid price and ask price, commonly referred to as the “spread,” will also vary for a foreign ETF depending on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity. Generally, the greater the trading volume and market liquidity, the smaller the spread is and vice versa. Any of these factors may lead to a foreign fund’s shares trading at a premium or a discount to NAV.
Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF
Investment Objective
The Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF (the “fund”) seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the MSCI China All Shares Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Principal Investment Strategies
The fund, using a “passive” or indexing investment approach, seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index, which is designed to capture large- and mid-capitalization representation across all China securities listed in Hong Kong, Shanghai and Shenzhen. The Underlying Index includes A-Shares, H-Shares, B-Shares, Red chips and P chips share classes, as well as securities of Chinese companies listed outside of China (e.g. American depositary receipts). DBX Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”) expects that, over time, the correlation between the fund’s performance and that of the Underlying Index, before fees
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and expenses, will be 95% or better. A figure of 100% would indicate perfect correlation. The fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipt or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems illiquid at the time of purchase or for which pricing information is not readily available.
A-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated and traded in renminbi (“RMB”) on stock exchanges in mainland China including the Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing Stock Exchanges. Under current regulations in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”), foreign investors can invest in the domestic PRC securities markets through certain market-access programs. These programs include the Qualified Foreign Investor (“QFI”, including Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“QFII”) and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“RQFII”)) program, where investors will be required to obtain a license from the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) to participate in the program. QFIs have also registered with China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) to remit foreign currencies which can be traded on the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) in the PRC for the purpose of investing in the PRC’s domestic securities markets. Investment companies are not currently within the types of entities that are eligible for a QFI license.
B-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in China and are denominated and traded in US dollars and Hong Kong dollars (“HKD”) on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, respectively. B-Shares are available to foreign investors. H-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated and traded in HKD on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and other foreign exchanges.
Red chips and P chips are equity securities issued by companies incorporated outside of mainland China and listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Companies that issue Red chips generally base their businesses in mainland China and are controlled, either directly or indirectly, by the state, provincial or municipal governments of the PRC. Companies that issue P chips generally are nonstate-owned Chinese companies incorporated outside of mainland China that satisfy the following criteria: (i) the company is controlled by PRC individuals, (ii) the company derives more than 80% of its revenue from the PRC and (iii) the company allocates more than 60% of its assets in the PRC.
The Advisor expects to use a representative sampling indexing strategy to seek to track the Underlying Index. As such, the Advisor expects to invest in a representative sample of the component securities of the Underlying Index that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and
industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield), and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The Advisor expects to obtain exposure to the A-Share components of the Underlying Index indirectly by investing in the Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF (the “Underlying Fund”). The Advisor may also invest in Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF (the “Xtrackers Harvest ETFs”, and together with the Underlying Fund, the “Xtrackers China A-Shares ETFs”) or other affiliated funds advised by the Advisor and sub-advised by Harvest Global Investments Limited (“HGI”), a licensed RQFII (and is regarded as a QFI under the prevailing rules and regulations in the PRC), that invests in A-Shares directly. Currently, the fund invests in the Underlying Fund. The fund does not currently intend to invest in A-Shares directly. To obtain exposure to the balance of the Underlying Index, the Advisor intends to invest directly in the components of the Underlying Index. The Underlying Fund may invest in A-Shares and other permitted China securities listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges through the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (“Shanghai Connect”) or the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (“Shenzhen Connect,” and together with Shanghai Connect, “Stock Connect”). Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing program between either the Shanghai Stock Exchange or Shenzhen Stock Exchange and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“SEHK”), China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited and Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited. Stock Connect is designed to permit mutual stock market access between mainland China and Hong Kong by allowing investors to trade and settle eligible securities (including A-shares and ETFs) on each market via their local exchanges. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect, and as such, buy orders for securities would be rejected once the Daily Quota is exceeded (although a fund will be permitted to sell securities regardless of the Daily Quota balance). The Daily Quota is not specific to any fund, but to all investors investing through the Stock Connect.
The Xtrackers Harvest ETFs, through their subadvisor, may invest in A-Shares and other permitted China securities listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges via Stock Connect. The Xtrackers Harvest ETFs may also invest in A-Shares via the QFI license of HGI.
The Underlying Fund invests directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect. Under Stock Connect, the Underlying Fund’s trading of eligible A-Shares listed on the SSE or the SZSE, as applicable, would be effectuated through the Advisor. Additionally, the Xtrackers Harvest ETFs’ direct
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investments in A-Shares will be limited in part by the Daily Quota applicable to Stock Connect. Investment companies are not currently within the types of entities that are eligible for a QFI license. Because the Underlying Fund does not satisfy the criteria to qualify as a QFI, the Underlying Fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares via Stock Connect and, in the future, may also utilize any QFI license applied for by and granted to the Advisor and/or a subadvisor.
The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its total assets in securities of issuers that comprise either directly or indirectly the Underlying Index or securities with economic characteristics similar to those included in the Underlying Index. While the fund intends to invest primarily in H-Shares, B-Shares, Red chips, P chips, and shares of the Underlying Fund, the fund also may invest in securities of issuers not included in the Underlying Index, the Xtrackers Harvest ETFs, certain derivative instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection) and other pooled investment vehicles, including affiliated and/or foreign investment companies, that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. The remainder of the fund’s assets will be invested primarily in money market instruments and cash equivalents. Under normal circumstances, the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the equity securities of Chinese companies or in derivative instruments and other securities that provide investment exposure to Chinese companies.
As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 788 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $4.56 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $569 million. Under normal circumstances, the Underlying Index is rebalanced on a quarterly basis, usually as of the close of the last business day of February, May, August, and November. The pro forma Underlying Index is generally announced nine business days before the effective date. The fund rebalances its portfolio in accordance with the Underlying Index, and, therefore, any changes to the Underlying Index’s rebalance schedule will result in corresponding changes to the fund’s rebalance schedule.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry or group of industries to the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated. As of July 31, 2022, a significant percentage of the Underlying Index was comprised of issuers in the consumer discretionary (20.51%) and financials (15.69%) sectors. The consumer discretionary goods sector includes durable goods, apparel, entertainment and leisure, and automobiles. The financials sector includes companies involved in banking, consumer finance, asset management and custody banks, as well as investment banking and brokerage and insurance. To the extent that the fund tracks the Underlying Index, the fund’s investment in certain sectors may change over time.
The Advisor intends to pursue a representative sampling indexing strategy to achieve exposure to the fund’s Underlying Index, and to invest in shares of Xtrackers China A-Shares ETFs to obtain indirect exposure to the A-Share components of the fund’s Underlying Index. While employing a representative sampling indexing strategy the Advisor does not expect the fund to hold all of the components of the Underlying Index. In addition, from time to time, the Advisor may choose to underweight or overweight a security in the Underlying Index, purchase securities not included in the Underlying Index that the Advisor believes are appropriate to substitute for certain securities in the Underlying Index, or utilize various combinations of other available investment techniques to seek to track, before fees and expenses, the performance of the Underlying Index. The Advisor may also sell securities that are represented in the Underlying Index in anticipation of their removal from the Underlying Index or purchase securities not represented in the Underlying Index in anticipation of their addition to the Underlying Index.
The fund may invest its assets in other securities, including, but not limited to: (i) interests in pooled investment vehicles, including affiliated and foreign funds (certain funds may not be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and therefore, not subject to the same investor protections as the fund), (ii) securities not in the Underlying Index, including: (a) depositary receipts (depositary receipts, including American depositary receipts (“ADRs”) may be used by the fund in seeking performance that corresponds to the fund’s Underlying Index and in managing cash flows, and they may count towards compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policies) and (b) H-Shares, which are shares of a company incorporated in mainland China that are denominated in Hong Kong dollars and listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange or other foreign exchanges, (iii) cash and cash equivalents, (iv) money market instruments, such as repurchase agreements or money market funds (including money market funds advised by the Advisor, HGI or their affiliates subject to applicable limitations under the 1940 Act, or exemptions therefrom), (v) convertible securities, (vi) structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index), and (vii) certain derivative instruments (see “Derivatives” subsection).
The fund or securities referred to herein are not sponsored, endorsed, issued, sold or promoted by MSCI, and MSCI bears no liability with respect to the fund or securities or any index on which the fund or securities are based. The Prospectus contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship MSCI has with DBX Advisors LLC and any related funds.
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Derivatives. Portfolio management generally may use futures contracts, stock index futures, options on futures, swap contracts and other types of derivatives in seeking performance that corresponds to its Underlying Index and will not use such instruments for speculative purposes. While the fund intends to invest primarily in H-Shares, B-Shares, Red chips, P chips, and shares of the Underlying Fund, the fund also may invest in these derivative instruments to the extent that the Advisor believes will help the fund to achieve its investment objective. A futures contract is a standardized exchange-traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying instrument at a specific price at a specific future time.
Securities lending. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis. The fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets.
Underlying Index Information
Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF Index Description.
The Underlying Index is a rules-based, free-float adjusted market capitalization index comprised of equity securities that are listed in Hong Kong, Shanghai and Shenzhen. The Underlying Index is intended to give investors a means of tracking the overall performance of equity securities that are a representative sample of the entire Chinese investment universe. The Underlying Index is comprised of A-Shares, B-Shares, H-Shares, Red chips and P chips share classes as well as securities of Chinese companies listed in the US and Singapore. Securities listed in the US and Singapore are considered to be Chinese companies if they satisfy two out of three of the following criteria: (i) the company is based in the PRC; (ii) the company derives more than 50% of its revenue from activities conducted in the PRC; and (iii) the company has more than 50% of its assets in the PRC. As of July 31, 2022, the Underlying Index consisted of 788 securities with an average market capitalization of approximately $4.56 billion and a minimum market capitalization of approximately $569 million. These amounts are subject to change.
To be eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index, a security must have adequate liquidity measured by 12-month and three-month trading volume. Constituent stocks for the Underlying Index must have been listed for more than three months prior to the implementation of a semi-annual index review by the Index Provider, unless the stock meets certain size-segment investability and full market capitalization requirements as defined by the Index Provider.
The Underlying Index is rebalanced on a quarterly basis, usually as of the close of the last business day of February, May, August, and November. The pro forma Underlying Index is generally announced nine business days before the effective date.
During extraordinary market conditions, the Index Provider may delay any scheduled rebalancing of the Underlying Index. During any such delay it is possible that the Underlying Index will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology.
Main Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.
Because the fund invests in one or more Underlying Funds, the risks listed here include those of the Underlying Funds as well as those of the fund itself. Therefore, in these risk descriptions the term “the fund” may refer to the fund itself, one or more Underlying Funds, or both.
Stock market risk. When stock prices fall, you should expect the value of your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer, shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may affect single companies as well as groups of companies. The market as a whole may not favor the types of investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global financial markets, including actions taken by the US Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually high market volatility which could negatively affect performance. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s performance may be affected by the general performance of that region, capitalization or sector.
Market disruption risk. Geopolitical and other events, including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty, trade disputes, public health crises and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and markets, which may increase financial market volatility and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund and its investments. Market disruptions could cause the fund to lose money, experience significant redemptions, and encounter operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be affected by a market disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for all types of assets.
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Russia's recent military incursions in Ukraine have led to, and may lead to, additional sanctions being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia. Russia's military incursions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect global energy and financial markets and thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market disruption events include the pandemic spread of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, and the significant uncertainty, market volatility, decreased economic and other activity, increased government activity, including economic stimulus measures, and supply chain disruptions that it has caused. The full effects, duration and costs of the COVID-19 pandemic are impossible to predict, and the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to evolve including the risk of future increased rates of infection due to significant portions of the population remaining unvaccinated and/or the lack of effectiveness of current vaccines against new variants. The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect certain countries, industries, economic sectors, companies and investment products more than others, may exacerbate existing economic, political, or social tensions and may increase the probability of an economic recession or depression. The fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic may result in the fund and its service providers experiencing operational difficulties in coordinating a remote workforce and implementing their business continuity plans, among others.
Market disruptions, such as those caused by Russian military action and the COVID-19 pandemic, may magnify the impact of each of the other risks described in this “MAIN RISKS” section and may increase volatility in one or more markets in which the fund invests leading to the potential for greater losses for the fund.
Risk of investing in China. Investments in China involve certain risks and special considerations, including the following:
Investments in A-Shares. The fund intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect and/or via the QFI license granted to the subadvisor. Restrictions may be imposed on the repatriation of gains and income that may affect the fund’s ability to satisfy redemption requests. Currently, there are three stock exchanges in mainland China, the Shanghai Stock Exchange (“SSE”), the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”) and the Beijing Stock Exchange (“BSE”). The stock exchanges in mainland China are supervised by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”) and are highly automated with trading and settlement executed electronically. The stock exchanges in mainland China are substantially smaller, less liquid, and more volatile than the major securities markets in the US.
The SSE commenced trading on December 19, 1990, the SZSE commenced trading on July 3, 1991 and the BSE commenced trading on November 15, 2021. A-Shares may be listed on the SSE, the SZSE and the BSE; while currently B-Shares can be listed on the SSE and the SZSE. Companies whose shares are traded on the SSE and SZSE that are incorporated in mainland China may issue both A-Shares and B-Shares. In China, the A-Shares and B-Shares of an issuer may only trade on one exchange. Both classes represent an ownership interest comparable to a share of common stock and all shares are entitled to substantially the same rights and benefits associated with ownership. A-Shares are traded in RMB.
Because restrictions continue to exist and capital therefore cannot flow freely into the A-Share market, it is possible that in the event of a market disruption, the liquidity of the A-Share market and trading prices of A-Shares could be more severely affected than the liquidity and trading prices of markets where securities are freely tradable and capital therefore flows more freely. The fund cannot predict the nature or duration of such a market disruption or the impact that it may have on the A-Share market and the short-term and long-term prospects of its investments in the A-Share market.
The Chinese government has in the past taken actions that benefited holders of A-Shares. As A-Shares become more accessible to foreign investors, such as the funds, the Chinese government may be less likely to take action that would benefit holders of A-Shares. In addition, there is no guarantee that any existing QFI license will be maintained or will not be revoked by CSRC at some point in the future. The fund cannot predict what would occur if the Stock Connect program was terminated, or if the relevant QFI license were to be revoked, although such an occurrence would likely have a material adverse effect on the fund.
Currently, the fund does not expect to invest in A-Shares directly. Instead, the fund will invest primarily in the Underlying Fund to obtain investment exposure to A-Shares. The fund may also invest in the Xtrackers Harvest ETFs. The fund’s A-Shares investment exposure may be limited by the limits that may be imposed by Stock Connect. Because the Xtrackers China A-Shares ETFs invest directly in A-Shares, they are subject to the risk that restrictions may be imposed on the repatriation of gains and income that may affect their ability to satisfy redemption requests. The potential inability of the Xtrackers China A-Shares ETFs to satisfy redemption requests could adversely affect the liquidity and performance of the fund.
On May 7, 2020, the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) and SAFE jointly issued the Regulations on Funds of Securities and Futures Investment by Foreign Institutional Investors (PBOC & SAFE Announcement [2020] No. 2) (the “Regulations”) which came into effect on June 6, 2020. The Regulations remove the quota restrictions on investment. However, there is no guarantee that the
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quotas will continue to be relaxed. On September 25, 2020, the CSRC, the PBOC, and the SAFE jointly issued the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Decree No. 176) and the CSRC issued the Provisions on Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Announcement [2020] No.63), which came into effect on November 1, 2020. The major revisions to the previous rules include merger of the QFII regime and RQFII regime, relaxation of qualification requirements and facilitating investment and operations of QFIIs and RQFIIs, expansion of investment scope and enhancing ongoing supervision. As of the date of this prospectus, this is a relatively new development, and their application may depend on the interpretation given by the relevant PRC authorities. The current QFI laws, rules and regulations are subject to change, which may take retroactive effect. In addition, there can be no assurance that the QFI laws, rules and regulations will not be abolished. The fund which invests in the PRC markets through a QFI, may be adversely affected as a result of such changes.
Custody risks of investing in A-Shares under the QFI program. For investments under the QFI program, the subadvisor as a QFI is required to select a PRC sub-custodian (the “PRC sub-custodian”) which satisfies relevant requirements as set out in QFI rules and regulations. The PRC sub-custodian maintains the fund’s deposit accounts and oversees the fund’s investments in A-Shares in the PRC to ensure their compliance with the rules and regulations of the CSRC and the PBOC. A-Shares that are traded on the SSE and SZSE are dealt and held in book-entry form through the CSDCC. A-Shares purchased by the subadvisor, in their capacity as a QFI, on behalf of the fund, may be received by the CSDCC as credited to a securities trading account maintained by the PRC sub-custodian in the names of the fund and the subadvisor as the QFI. The subadvisor may not use the account for any other purpose than for maintaining the fund’s assets. However, given that the securities trading account will be maintained in the name of the subadvisor for the benefit of the fund, the fund’s assets may not be as well protected as they would be if it were possible for them to be registered and held solely in the name of the fund. In particular, there is a risk that creditors of the subadvisor may assert that the securities are owned by the subadvisor and not the fund, and that a court would uphold such an assertion, in which case creditors of the subadvisor could seize assets of the fund. Because the subadvisor’s QFI license would be in the name of the subadvisor rather than the fund, there is also a risk that regulatory actions taken against the subadvisor by PRC government authorities may affect the fund.
Investors should note that cash deposited in the fund’s account with the PRC sub-custodian will not be segregated but will be a debt owing from the PRC sub-custodian to the fund as a depositor. Such cash will be co-mingled with cash belonging to other clients of the PRC sub-custodian. In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation of the PRC sub-custodian, the fund will not have any proprietary rights to the cash deposited in the account, and the fund will become an unsecured creditor, ranking pari passu with all other unsecured creditors, of the PRC sub-custodian. A fund may face difficulty and/or encounter delays in recovering such debt, or may not be able to recover it in full or at all, in which case the fund will suffer losses.
A-Shares tax risk. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result in unexpected tax liabilities for a fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in an issuer resident in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement or arrangement.
Since the respective inception of Shanghai – Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect, foreign investors (including the fund) investing in A-Shares listed on the SSE through Shanghai – Hong Kong Stock Connect and those listed on the SZSE through Shenzhen – Hong Kong Stock Connect would be temporarily exempt from the PRC corporate income tax and value-added tax on the gains on disposal of such A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless reduced under a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax authority. Since November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted. The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has been paid by the fund, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. The fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s return could be substantial. The fund may also be liable to the Advisor or subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on the Advisor or subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If the fund's direct investments in A-Shares through the Advisor's or subadvisor’s QFI license in the future becomes subject to repatriation restrictions, the
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fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to regulated investment companies (“RICs”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and be subject to tax at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow money to the extent necessary to distribute to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively, including with respect to the possible liability of a fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in the case of a QFI acting for a foreign investor such as the fund is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an RQFII would also be eligible for PRC Business Tax (“BT”) exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on the fund could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e., QFIIs continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from PRC value- added tax, which replaced the BT with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities, including A-Shares.
The PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are adverse to a fund and their shareholders.
If the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting capital gains taxes on such investments (whether made through Stock Connect or a QFI), a fund could be subject to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved (if any). The impact of any such tax liability on a fund’s return could be substantial. A fund will be liable to the Advisor and/or subadvisor for any Chinese tax that is imposed on the Advisor and/or subadvisor with respect to the fund’s investments.
To the extent a fund invests in swaps linked to A-Shares, such investments may be less tax-efficient for US tax purposes than a direct investment in A-Shares. Any tax liability incurred by the swap counterparty may be passed on to a fund. When a fund sells a swap on A-Shares, the sale price may take into account of the QFI’s tax liability.
Investments in swaps and other derivatives may be subject to special US federal income tax rules that could adversely affect the character, timing and amount of
income earned by a fund (e.g., by causing amounts that would be capital gain to be taxed as ordinary income or to be taken into income earlier than would otherwise be necessary). Also, a fund may be required to periodically adjust its positions in its swaps and derivatives to comply with certain regulatory requirements which may further cause these investments to be less efficient than a direct investment in A-Shares. For example, swaps in which a fund may invest may need to be reset on a regular basis in order to maintain compliance with the 1940 Act, which may increase the likelihood that the fund will generate short-term capital gains. In addition, because the application of special tax rules to a fund and its investments may be uncertain, it is possible that the manner in which they are applied by the fund may be determined to be incorrect. In that event, a fund may be found to have failed to maintain its qualification as a RIC or to be subject to additional US tax liability. A fund may make investments, both directly and through swaps or other derivative positions, in companies classified as passive foreign investment companies for US federal income tax purposes (“PFICs”). Investments in PFICs are subject to special tax rules which may result in adverse tax consequences to the fund and its shareholders.
Risks of investing through Stock Connect. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a number of restrictions that may affect the fund’s investments and returns. Although no individual investment quotas or licensing requirements apply to investors in Stock Connect, trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily Quota”), which limits the maximum net purchases on any particular day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect. The Daily Quota does not belong to the fund and is utilized by all investors on a first-come-first- serve basis. As such, buy orders for securities under Stock Connect would be rejected once the Daily Quota is exceeded (although the fund will be permitted to sell the securities regardless of the Daily Quota balance). The Daily Quota may restrict the fund’s ability to invest in eligible securities through Stock Connect on a timely basis, which could affect the fund’s ability to effectively pursue its investment strategy. The Daily Quota is also subject to change.
In addition, investments made through Stock Connect are subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that are relatively untested in the PRC, which could pose risks to the fund. Moreover, eligible securities through Stock Connect (“Stock Connect Securities”) generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other than through Stock Connect in accordance with applicable rules. While securities must be designated as eligible to be traded under Stock Connect (such eligible securities listed on the SSE, the “SSE Securities,” and such eligible securities listed on the SZSE, the “SZSE Securities”), those securities may also lose such designation, and if this
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occurs, such securities may be sold but could no longer be purchased through Stock Connect. With respect to sell orders under Stock Connect, the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (“SEHK”) carries out pre-trade checks to ensure an investor has sufficient securities in its account before the market opens on the trading day. Accordingly, if there are insufficient securities in an investor’s account before the market opens on the trading day, the sell order will be rejected, which may adversely impact the funds’ performance. However, the fund may request a custodian to open a special segregated account (“SPSA”) in CCASS (the Central Clearing and Settlement System operated by HKSCC (the Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited) for the clearing securities listed or traded on SEHK) to maintain its holdings in securities under the enhanced pre-trade checking model. Each SPSA will be assigned a unique “Investor ID” by CCASS for the purpose of facilitating Stock Connect order routing system to verify the holdings of an investor such as the fund. Provided that there is sufficient holding in the SPSA when a broker inputs the fund’s sell order, the fund will be able to dispose of its holdings of securities (as opposed to the practice of transferring securities to the broker’s account under the current pre-trade checking model for non-SPSA accounts). Opening of the SPSA accounts for the fund will enable it to dispose of its holdings of securities in a timely manner.
In addition, Stock Connect will only operate on days when both the mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an investment in A- Shares through Stock Connect may subject the fund to the risk of price fluctuations on days when the Chinese markets are open, but Stock Connect is not trading. The mainland Chinese and Hong Kong regulators have announced in August 2022 to enhance the trading calendar for Stock Connect, to allow Stock Connect trading on all the days which are trading days in both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets, even when the corresponding settlement days would be public holidays. However, as of the date of this Prospectus, such enhancements have not been implemented and detailed operational rules are yet to be issued. As such, it is uncertain how such enhanced trading calendar will be operated. Each of the SEHK, SSE and SZSE reserves the right to suspend trading under Stock Connect under certain circumstances. Where such a suspension of trading is effected, the fund’s ability to access securities through Stock Connect will be adversely affected. In addition, if one or both of the Chinese and Hong Kong markets are closed on a US trading day, the fund may not be able to acquire or dispose of securities through Stock Connect in a timely manner, which could adversely affect the fund’s performance.
The fund’s investments in securities though Stock Connect are held by its custodian in accounts in CCASS maintained by the HKSCC, which in turn holds the securities, as the nominee holder, through an omnibus securities account in
its name registered with the China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited (“CSDCC”). The precise nature and rights of each fund as the beneficial owner of the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities through HKSCC as nominee is not well defined under PRC law. There is a lack of a clear definition of, and distinction between, legal ownership and beneficial ownership under PRC law and there have been few cases involving a nominee account structure in the PRC courts. The exact nature and methods of enforcement of the rights and interests of each fund under PRC law is also uncertain. In the unlikely event that HKSCC becomes subject to winding up proceedings in Hong Kong, there is a risk that the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities may not be regarded as held for the beneficial ownership of each fund or as part of the general assets of HKSCC available for general distribution to its creditors.
Notwithstanding the fact that HKSCC does not claim proprietary interests in the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities held in its omnibus stock account in the CSDCC, the CSDCC as the share registrar for SSE- or SZSE-listed companies will still treat HKSCC as one of the shareholders when it handles corporate actions in respect of such SSE Securities or SZSE Securities. HKSCC monitors the corporate actions affecting SSE Securities and SZSE Securities and keeps participants of CCASS informed of all such corporate actions that require CCASS participants to take steps in order to participate in them. A fund will therefore depend on HKSCC for both settlement and notification and implementation of corporate actions.
The HKSCC is responsible for the clearing, settlement and the provisions of depositary, nominee and other related services of the trades executed by Hong Kong market participants and investors. Accordingly, investors do not hold SSE Securities or SZSE Securities directly – they are held through their brokers’ or custodians’ accounts with CCASS. The HKSCC and the CSDCC establish clearing links and each has become a participant of the other to facilitate clearing and settlement of cross-border trades. Should CSDCC default and the CSDCC be declared as a defaulter, HKSCC’s liabilities in Stock Connect under its market contracts with clearing participants will be limited to assisting clearing participants in pursuing their claims against the CSDCC. In that event, the fund may suffer delays in the recovery process or may not be able to fully recover its losses from the CSDCC.
Market participants are able to participate in Stock Connect subject to meeting certain information technology capability, risk management and other requirements as may be specified by the relevant exchange and/or clearing house. Further, the “connectivity” in Stock Connect requires the routing of orders across the borders of Hong Kong and the PRC. This requires the development of new information technology systems on the part of the SEHK and exchange participants. There is no assurance that these systems will function properly or will continue to be adapted to changes and developments in both markets. In the event
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that the relevant systems fail to function properly, trading in securities through Stock Connect could be disrupted, and the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be adversely affected.
A primary feature of Stock Connect is the application of the home market’s laws and rules applicable to investors in securities. Therefore, the fund’s investments in Stock Connect Securities are generally subject to PRC securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions.
Finally, according to Caishui [2014] 81 (“Circular 81”) and Caishui [2016] 127 (“Circular 127”), while foreign investors are exempted from paying capital gains or business taxes (later, value-added taxes) on income and gains from investments in A-Shares through Stock Connect, these PRC tax rules could be changed, which could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the fund. Dividends derived from A-Shares are subject to a 10% PRC withholding income tax generally. PRC stamp duty is also payable for transactions in A-Shares through Stock Connect. Currently, PRC stamp duty on A-Shares transactions is only imposed on the seller, but not on the purchaser, at the tax rate of 0.1% of the total sales value.
Circular 81 and Circular 127 stipulate that PRC business tax (and, subsequently, PRC value-added tax) is temporarily exempted on capital gains derived by Hong Kong market participants (including the fund) from the trading of A-Shares through Stock Connect. According to Caishui [2016] No. 36, the PRC value-added tax reform in the PRC will be expanded to all industries, including financial services, starting May 1, 2016. The PRC business tax exemption prescribed in Circular 81 is grandfathered under the value-added tax regime.
The Stock Connect program is a relatively new program. Further developments are likely and there can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether future developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect the fund’s investments or returns. In addition, the application and interpretation of the laws and regulations of Hong Kong and the PRC, and the rules, policies or guidelines published or applied by relevant regulators and exchanges in respect of the Stock Connect program are uncertain, and they may have a detrimental effect on the fund’s investments and returns.
Political and economic risk. The economy of China, which has been in a state of transition from a planned economy to a more market oriented economy, differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including the level of government involvement, its state of development, its growth rate, control of foreign exchange, and allocation of resources. Although the majority of productive assets in China are still owned by the PRC government at various levels, in recent years, the PRC government has implemented economic reform measures emphasizing utilization of market forces in the development of the economy of China and a high level of management autonomy. The economy of China has
experienced significant growth in recent decades, but growth has been uneven both geographically and among various sectors of the economy. Economic growth has also been accompanied by periods of high inflation. The PRC government has implemented various measures from time to time to control inflation and restrain the rate of economic growth.
For several decades, the PRC government has carried out economic reforms to achieve decentralization and utilization of market forces to develop the economy of the PRC. These reforms have resulted in significant economic growth and social progress. However, there can be no assurance that the PRC government will continue to pursue such economic policies or that such policies, if pursued, will be successful. Any adjustment and modification of those economic policies may have an adverse impact on the securities markets in the PRC as well as the constituent securities of the Underlying Index. Further, the PRC government may from time to time adopt corrective measures to control the growth of the PRC economy which may also have an adverse impact on the capital growth and performance of the fund.
Political changes, social instability and adverse diplomatic developments in the PRC could result in the imposition of additional government restrictions including expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxes or nationalization of some or all of the property held by the issuers of the A-Shares in the fund’s Underlying Index. The laws, regulations, including the investment regulations, government policies and political and economic climate in China may change with little or no advance notice. Any such change could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of securities in the fund’s portfolio.
The Chinese government continues to be an active participant in many economic sectors through ownership positions and regulations. The allocation of resources in China is subject to a high level of government control. The Chinese government strictly regulates the payment of foreign currency denominated obligations and sets monetary policy. Through its policies, the government may provide preferential treatment to particular industries or companies. Recently, the Chinese government has become more aggressive about regulating the operations of particular companies or sectors, including large companies which are indirectly listed in the US. These regulations may substantially limit or prohibit the operations of such companies and cause investors to lose some or all of the value of their investment. The policies set by the government could have a substantial effect on the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments.
The Chinese economy is export-driven and highly reliant on trade. The performance of the Chinese economy may differ favorably or unfavorably from the US economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation, currency depreciation, capital reinvestment,
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resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. The domestic consumer class in China is still emergent, while the economy's dependence on exports may not be sustainable. Adverse changes to the economic conditions of its primary trading partners, such as the European Union, the US, Hong Kong, the Association of South East Asian Nations, and Japan, would adversely affect the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments.
In addition, as much of China’s growth over recent decades has been a result of significant investment in substantial export trade, international trade tensions may arise from time to time which can result in trade tariffs, embargoes, trade limitations, trade wars and other negative consequences. The current political climate has intensified concerns about trade tariffs and a potential trade war between China and the US. These consequences may trigger a significant reduction in international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of China’s export industry with a potentially severe negative impact to the fund. In addition, it is possible that the continuation or worsening of the current political climate could result in regulatory restrictions being contemplated or imposed in the US or in China that could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to invest in accordance with its investment policies and/or achieve its investment objective. In July 2020, the President’s Working Group on Financial Markets (“PWG”) proposed a number of regulatory changes aimed at addressing potential risks to US investors from investments in issuers that provide limited access to their financial statements, including Chinese companies. The PWG’s proposals included having the SEC consider encouraging or requiring US registered funds to conduct additional due diligence on an index’s exposure to such issuers and how the index provider addresses concerns arising from limited availability of such issuers’ financial information. If the SEC adopts these proposals, they could have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index. In addition, in June 2021, the President of the United States issued an executive order (“CMIC Order”) prohibiting US persons, including the fund, from purchasing or selling publicly traded securities (including publicly traded securities that are derivative of, or are designed to provide exposure to, such securities) of any Chinese company identified as a Chinese Military Industrial Complex Company (“CMIC”). This prohibition, effective August 2, 2021, expands on similar sanctions imposed by the prior administration on certain designated Chinese military companies (“CCMCs”) that took effect in January 2021. To the extent that any company in the Underlying Index is identified as a CMIC at any time (or was previously designated as a CCMC), it may have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. Also,in December 2020, the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“HFCAA”) was signed into law. Since the HFCAA
was signed, the SEC has placed many Chinese companies listed on a US stock exchange on a watchlist, indicating that securities of foreign issuers (including China) will be de-listed from US stock exchanges if those companies do not permit US oversight of the auditing of their financial information. The potential impact of the HFCAA is unclear at this time, but to the extent that the fund currently transacts in securities of a foreign company in the Underlying Index on a US exchange but is unable to do so in the future, the fund will have to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities or obtain exposure to such securities through alternative means (such as derivatives), either of which could increase the fund’s costs and have a material adverse effect on the fund’s ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index. Finally, the Chair of the SEC announced in July 2021 that the SEC would be requiring additional disclosures about the corporate structure of Chinese companies listing in the US (pursuant to which US investors own shares in an offshore shell company rather than the Chinese company itself) and the risks to US investors, including the risks of such companies being delisted from the US exchange under the HFCAA. Events such as these are difficult to predict and may or may not occur in the future.
China has been transitioning to a market economy since the late seventies, and has only recently opened up to foreign investment and permitted private economic activity. Under the economic reforms implemented by the Chinese government, the Chinese economy has experienced tremendous growth, developing into one of the largest and fastest growing economies in the world. There is no assurance, however, that the Chinese government will not revert to the economic policy of central planning that it implemented prior to 1978 or that such growth will be sustained in the future. An economic downturn in China would adversely impact the fund’s investments.
From time to time, and as recently as early 2020 with the coronavirus known as COVID-19, China has experienced outbreaks of infectious illnesses, and the country may be subject to other infectious illnesses, diseases or other public health emergencies in the future. Any public health emergency could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the Chinese economy, which in turn could adversely affect the fund’s investments. These risks may be heightened to the extent China pursues a “zero COVID” or similar strategy that attempts to eradicate the incidence of a disease for extended periods, thus leading to shutdowns or other interventions which affect the Chinese and/or global economy for periods beyond that which might be caused by the public health policies of other countries.
Inflation. Economic growth in China has historically been accompanied by periods of high inflation. Beginning in 2004, the Chinese government commenced the implementation of various measures to control inflation, which
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included the tightening of the money supply, the raising of interest rates and more stringent control over certain industries. If these measures are not successful, and if inflation were to steadily increase, the performance of the Chinese economy and the fund’s investments could be adversely affected.
Nationalization and expropriation. After the formation of the Chinese socialist state in 1949, the Chinese government renounced various debt obligations and nationalized private assets without providing any form of compensation. There can be no assurance that the Chinese government will not take similar actions in the future. Accordingly, an investment in the fund involves a risk of a total loss.
Hong Kong policy. As part of Hong Kong’s transition from British to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, China agreed to allow Hong Kong to maintain a high degree of autonomy with regard to its political, legal and economic systems for a period of at least 50 years. China controls matters that relate to defense and foreign affairs. Under the agreement, China does not tax Hong Kong, does not limit the exchange of the Hong Kong dollar for foreign currencies and does not place restrictions on free trade in Hong Kong. However, there is no guarantee that China will continue to honor the agreement, and China may change its policies regarding Hong Kong at any time. As of July 2020, the Chinese Standing Committee of the National People's Congress enacted the Law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, (the “Hong Kong Law”), which imposed substantial limits on Hong Kong’s political and legal autonomy in a manner widely considered within Hong Kong and by other countries as a violation of China’s agreement in 1997. Hong Kong has experienced wide protests and extensive turmoil before and after the enactment of this law. Also as of July 2020, Hong Kong is no longer afforded preferential economic treatment by the United States under US law, and there is uncertainty as to how the economy of Hong Kong will be affected. Any further changes in China's policies could adversely affect market conditions and the performance of the Chinese economy and, thus, the value of securities in the fund’s portfolio.
Chinese securities markets. The securities markets in China have a limited operating history and are not as developed as those in the US. The markets tend to be smaller in size, have less liquidity and historically have had greater volatility than markets in the US and some other countries. In addition, under normal market conditions, there is less regulation and monitoring of Chinese securities markets and the activities of investors, brokers and other participants than in the US. Accordingly, issuers of securities in China are not subject to the same degree of regulation as are US issuers with respect to such matters as insider trading rules, tender offer regulation, stockholder proxy requirements and the requirements mandating
timely disclosure of information. During periods of significant market volatility, the Chinese government has, from time to time, intervened in its domestic securities markets to a greater degree than would be typical in more developed markets, including both direct and indirect market stabilization efforts, which may affect valuations of Chinese issuers. Stock markets in China are in the process of change and further development. This may lead to trading volatility, difficulty in the settlement and recording of transactions and difficulty in interpreting and applying the relevant regulations.
Available disclosure about Chinese companies. Chinese companies are required to follow Chinese accounting standards and practices, which only follow international accounting standards to a certain extent. However, the accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices applicable to PRC companies, including those listed on US exchanges, may be less rigorous, and there may be significant differences between financial statements prepared in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and practice and those prepared in accordance with international accounting standards. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of a Chinese issuer may not reflect its financial position or results of operations in the way they would be reflected had such financial statements been prepared in accordance with US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The quality of audits in China may be unreliable, which may require enhanced procedures. Consequently, the fund may not be provided the same degree of protection or information as would generally apply in developed countries and the fund may be exposed to significant losses. There is also substantially less publicly available information about Chinese issuers than there is about US issuers. Therefore, disclosure of certain material information may not be made, and less information may be available to the fund and other investors than would be the case if the fund’s investments were restricted to securities of US issuers. Under the HFCAA, Chinese companies with securities listed in the US may be delisted if they do not meet US accounting and auditor oversight requirements, which could cause the fund to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities or obtain exposure to such securities through alternative means (such as derivatives), either of which could increase the fund's costs and have a material adverse effect on the fund's ability to continue tracking the Underlying Index.
Chinese corporate and securities law. The regulations which regulate investments by QFIs in the PRC and the repatriation of capital from QFI investments are relatively new. As a result, the application and interpretation of such investment regulations are therefore relatively untested. In addition, PRC authorities and regulators have broad discretion under such investment regulations and there is little precedent or certainty evidencing how such discretion will be exercised now or in the future.
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The fund’s rights with respect to its investments in A-Shares (as applicable), if any, generally will not be governed by US law, and instead will generally be governed by Chinese law. China operates under a civil law system, in which court precedent is not binding. Because there is no binding precedent to interpret existing statutes, there is uncertainty regarding the implementation of existing law.
Legal principles relating to corporate affairs and the validity of corporate procedures, directors’ fiduciary duties and liabilities and stockholders’ rights often differ from those that may apply in the US and other countries. Chinese laws providing protection to investors, such as laws regarding the fiduciary duties of officers and directors, are undeveloped and will not provide investors, such as the fund, with protection in all situations where protection would be provided by comparable laws in the US. China lacks a national set of laws that address all issues that may arise with regard to a foreign investor such as the fund. It may therefore be difficult for the fund to enforce its rights as an investor under Chinese corporate and securities laws, and it may be difficult or impossible for the fund to obtain a judgment in court. Moreover, as Chinese corporate and securities laws continue to develop, these developments may adversely affect foreign investors, such as the fund.
Due to restrictions on foreign ownership of Chinese companies imposed under Chinese law, Chinese companies that are listed in the US typically do not offer common stock in the company itself to US investors. Rather, Chinese companies typically offer shares of an offshore shell company (typically referred to as a “variable interest entity” or “VIE”) that has entered into service and other contracts with the Chinese company. Accordingly, US investors in Chinese companies listed on a US stock exchange do not actually own shares of the Chinese company itself. The US-listed shell company does not control the Chinese company and must rely on the Chinese company to perform its contractual obligations (which, as noted above, are governed by Chinese corporate and securities laws that are less protective of shareholders than US laws). Moreover, the Chinese government may at any time invalidate or limit the contracts between a Chinese company and the offshore shell company which is offering shares in the US, which may result in the partial or total loss of the value of a US investor's shares in the offshore shell company even if a direct investment in the Chinese company would retain value.
Other sanctions and embargoes. From time to time, certain of the companies in which the fund expects to invest may operate in, or have dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the US government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the US government as state sponsors of terrorism. A company may suffer damage to its reputation if it is identified as a company which operates in, or has
dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the US government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the US government as state sponsors of terrorism. As an investor in such companies, the fund will be indirectly subject to those risks.
Foreign exchange control. The Chinese government heavily regulates the domestic exchange of foreign currencies within China. Under China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) regulations, Chinese corporations may only purchase foreign currencies through government approved banks. In general, Chinese companies must receive approval from or register with the Chinese government before investing in certain capital account items, including direct investments and loans, and must thereafter maintain separate foreign exchange accounts for the capital items. Foreign investors may only exchange foreign currencies at specially authorized banks after complying with documentation requirements. These restrictions may adversely affect the fund and its investments. The international community has requested that China ease its restrictions on currency exchange, but it is unclear whether the Chinese government will change its policy.
RMB, is currently not a freely convertible currency as it is subject to foreign exchange control, fiscal policies and repatriation restrictions imposed by the Chinese government. Such control of currency conversion and movements in the RMB exchange rates may adversely affect the operations and financial results of companies in the PRC. In addition, if such control policies change in the future, the fund may be adversely affected. Since 2005, the exchange rate of the RMB is no longer pegged to the US dollar. The RMB has now moved to a managed floating exchange rate based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of foreign currencies. The daily trading price of the RMB against other major currencies in the inter-bank foreign exchange market would be allowed to float within a narrow band around the central parity published by the People’s Bank of China. As the exchange rates are based primarily on market forces, the exchange rates for RMB against other currencies, including the US dollar, are susceptible to movements based on external factors. There can be no assurance that the RMB will not be subject to appreciation or devaluation, either due to changes in government policy or market factors. Any devaluation of the RMB could adversely affect the value of the fund’s investments. The PRC government imposes restrictions on the remittance of RMB out of and into China. To the extent the fund invests through a QFI, the fund may be required to remit foreign freely convertible currencies (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) to the PRC to settle the purchase of A-Shares and other permissible securities by the fund. In the event such remittance is disrupted, the fund may not be able to fully replicate its Underlying Index by investing in the relevant A-Shares and this will increase the tracking error
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of the fund. Any delay in repatriation out of China may result in delay in payment of redemption proceeds to the redeeming investors. The Chinese government’s policies on exchange control and repatriation restrictions are subject to change, and the fund’s performance may be adversely affected.
Foreign currency considerations. The assets of the fund are invested primarily in the equity securities of issuers in China and the income received by the fund will be primarily in RMB.
RMB can be further categorized into onshore RMB (“CNY”), traded only in the PRC, and offshore RMB (“CNH”), traded outside the PRC. CNY and CNH are traded at different exchange rates and their exchange rates may not move in the same direction. Although there has been a growing amount of RMB held offshore, CNH cannot be freely remitted into the PRC and is subject to certain restrictions, and vice versa. The fund may also be adversely affected by the exchange rates between CNY and CNH. There is no assurance that there will always be RMB available in sufficient amounts for the fund to remain fully invested.
Meanwhile, the fund will compute and expects to distribute its income in US dollars, and the computation of income will be made on the date that the income is earned by the fund at the foreign exchange rate in effect on that date. Any gain or loss attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the fund accrues income or gain and the time the fund converts such income or gain from RMB to the US dollar is generally treated as ordinary income or loss for US federal income tax purposes. Therefore, if the value of the RMB increases relative to the US dollar between the accrual of income and the time at which the fund converts the RMB to US dollars, the fund will recognize ordinary income when the RMB is converted. In such circumstances, if the fund has insufficient cash in US dollars to meet distribution requirements under the Internal Revenue Code, the fund may be required to liquidate certain positions in order to make distributions. The liquidation of investments, if required, may also have an adverse impact on the fund’s performance.
Furthermore, the fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between US dollars and RMB. Foreign exchange dealers realize a profit based on the difference between the prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies. Thus, a dealer normally will offer to sell a foreign currency to the fund at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the fund desire immediately to resell that currency to the dealer. A fund will conduct its foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market, or through entering into forward, futures or options contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies.
Currently, there is no market in China in which the fund may engage in hedging transactions to minimize RMB foreign exchange risk in CNY, and there can be no guarantee that instruments suitable for hedging currency in CNY will be available to the fund in China at any time in the future. In the event that in the future it becomes possible to hedge RMB currency risk in China in CNY, the fund may seek to reduce the foregoing currency risks by engaging in hedging transactions. In that case, the fund may enter into forward currency exchange contracts and currency futures contracts and options on such futures contracts, as well as purchase put or call options on currencies, in China. The fund does not currently intend to hedge RMB currency risk in CNH. Currency hedging would involve special risks, including possible default by the other party to the transaction, illiquidity and, to the extent the Advisor’s or subadvisor’s (as applicable) view as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk that the use of hedging could result in losses greater than if they had not been used. The use of currency transactions could result in the fund’s incurring losses as a result of the imposition of exchange controls, exchange rate regulation, suspension of settlements or the inability to deliver or receive a specified currency.
PRC brokers risk. Regulations adopted by the CSRC and SAFE under which the fund will invest in A-Shares provide that the subadvisor as a QFI, may select PRC broker(s) to execute transactions on its behalf on each of the PRC exchanges. The subadvisor may select the same broker(s) for all exchanges. As a result, the subadvisor will have less flexibility to choose among brokers on behalf of the fund than is typically the case for US investment managers. In the event of any default of a PRC broker in the execution or settlement of any transaction or in the transfer of any funds or securities in the PRC, the fund may encounter delays in recovering its assets which may in turn adversely impact the NAV of the fund.
If the subadvisor is unable to use one of its designated PRC brokers in the PRC, units of the fund may trade at a premium or discount to its NAV or the fund may not be able to track the Underlying Index. Further, the operation of the fund may be adversely affected in the case of any acts or omissions of a PRC broker, which may result in increased tracking error or the fund being traded at a significant premium or discount to its NAV. The limited number of PRC brokers that may be appointed may cause the fund to not necessarily pay the lowest commission available in the market. The subadvisor, however, in its selection of PRC brokers will consider such factors as the competitiveness of commission rates, size of the relevant orders, and execution standards. There is a risk that the fund may suffer losses from the default, bankruptcy or disqualification of the PRC brokers. In such events, the fund may be adversely affected in the execution of any transaction.
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Disclosure of interests and short swing profit rule. The fund may be subject to shareholder disclosure of interest regulations promulgated by the CSRC. These regulations currently require the fund to make certain public disclosures when the fund and parties acting in concert with the fund acquire 5% or more of the issued voting securities of a listed company (which include A-Shares of the listed company). If the reporting requirement is triggered, the fund will be required to report information which includes, but is not limited to: (a) information about the fund (and parties acting in concert with the fund) and the type and extent of its holdings in the company; (b) a statement of the fund’s purposes for the investment and whether the fund intends to increase its holdings over the following 12-month period; (c) a statement of the fund’s historical investments in the company over the previous six months; (d) the time of, and other information relating to, the transaction that triggered the fund’s holding in the listed company reaching the 5% reporting threshold; and (e) other information that may be required by the CSRC or the stock exchange. Additional information may be required if the fund and its concerted parties constitute the largest shareholder or actual controlling shareholder of the listed company. The report must be made to the CSRC, the stock exchange, the invested company, and the CSRC local representative office where the listed company is located. A fund would also be required to make a public announcement through a media outlet designated by the CSRC. The public announcement must contain the same content as the official report. The public announcement may require the fund to disclose its holdings to the public, which could have an adverse effect on the performance of the fund.
The relevant PRC regulations presumptively treat all affiliated investors and investors under common control as parties acting in concert. As such, under a conservative interpretation of these regulations, the fund may be deemed as a “concerted party” of other funds managed by the Advisor, subadvisor or their affiliates and therefore may be subject to the risk that the fund’s holdings may be required to be reported in the aggregate with the holdings of such other funds should the aggregate holdings trigger the reporting threshold under the PRC law. If the 5% shareholding threshold is triggered by the fund and parties acting in concert with the fund, the fund would be required to file its report within three days of the date the threshold is reached. During the time limit for filing the report, a trading freeze applies and the fund would not be permitted to make subsequent trades in the invested company’s securities. Any such trading freeze may undermine the fund’s performance, if the fund would otherwise make trades during that period but is prevented from doing so by the regulation.
Once the fund and parties acting in concert reach the 5% trading threshold as to any listed company, any subsequent incremental increase or decrease of 5% or more will trigger a further reporting requirement and an additional trading freeze from the date the threshold is reached to the
end of three days after the report and announcement is made. These trading freezes may undermine the fund’s performance as described above. According to the securities laws of China, whoever purchases the voting securities of a listed company in violation of the requirements in this paragraph may not exercise the voting rights of the securities that exceed the threshold within 36 months after purchasing them.
Further, once the fund and parties acting in concert reach the 5% trading threshold as to any listed company, for any subsequent incremental increase or decrease of 1%, the fund would be required to notify the listed company and make an announcement thereon on the day immediately after the date the threshold is reached. Also, SSE requirements currently require the fund and parties acting in concert, once they have reach the 5% threshold, to disclose whenever their shareholding drops below this threshold (even as a result of trading which is less than the 5% incremental change that would trigger a reporting requirement under the relevant CSRC regulation).
CSRC regulations also contain additional disclosure (and tender offer) requirements that apply when an investor and parties acting in concert reach thresholds of 20% and greater than 30% shareholding in a company.
Subject to the interpretation of PRC courts and PRC regulators, the operation of the PRC short swing profit rule may be applicable to the trading of the fund with the result that where the holdings of the fund (possibly with the holdings of other investors deemed as concert parties of the fund) exceed 5% of the total issued voting shares of a listed company, the fund may not reduce its holdings in the company within six months of the last purchase of shares of the company. If a fund violates the rule, it may be required by the listed company to return any profits realized from such trading to the listed company. In addition, the rule limits the ability of the fund to repurchase securities of the listed company within six months of such sale. Moreover, under PRC civil procedures, the fund’s assets may be frozen to the extent of the claims made by the company in question. These risks may greatly impair the performance of the fund.
Investment and repatriation restrictions. Investments by the fund in A-Shares (as well as other Chinese financial instruments permitted by the CSRC and the People’s Bank of China, including open- and closed-end investment companies) may be subject to governmental pre-approval limitations on the quantity that the fund may purchase and/or limits on the classes of securities in which the fund may invest.
With respect to investments in A-Shares made through the QFI program, repatriations by QFIs are currently not subject to repatriation restrictions or prior regulatory approval, although a review on authenticity and compliance will be conducted on each remittance and repatriation by the PRC sub-custodian appointed by the QFI. The repatriation process may be subject to certain requirements
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set out in the relevant regulations such as submission of certain documents, and completion of the repatriation process may be subject to delay. Furthermore, as the PRC sub-custodian’s review on authenticity and compliance is conducted on each repatriation, the repatriation may be delayed or even rejected by the PRC sub-custodian in case of non-compliance with the QFI rules and regulations. In such case, redemption proceeds will be paid to the redeeming investors as soon as practicable after completion of the repatriation of funds concerned. The actual time required for the completion of the relevant repatriation will be beyond the subadvisor’s control. There is no assurance, however, that PRC rules and regulations will not change or that repatriation restrictions will not be imposed in the future. Any restrictions on repatriation of the fund’s assets may adversely affect the fund’s ability to meet redemption requests and/or may cause the fund to borrow money in order to meet its obligations. These limitations may also prevent the fund from making certain distributions to shareholders.
The Chinese government limits foreign investment in the securities of certain Chinese issuers entirely, if foreign investment is banned in respect of the industry in which the relevant Chinese issuers are conducting their business. These restrictions or limitations may have adverse effects on the liquidity and performance of the fund’s holdings as compared to the performance of the Underlying Index. This may increase the risk of tracking error and, at the worst, the fund may not be able to achieve its investment objective.
Investments in certain Chinese financial instruments permitted by the CSRC and the People’s Bank of China, including A-Shares (if any) and open- and closed-end investment companies, may be subject to governmental pre-approval limitations on the quantity that the fund may purchase and/or limits on the classes of securities in which the fund may invest.
A-Shares currency risk. The fund’s investments in A-Shares will be denominated in RMB and the income received by the fund in respect of such investments will be in RMB. As a result, changes in currency exchange rates may adversely affect the fund’s returns. The value of the RMB may be subject to a high degree of fluctuation due to changes in interest rates, the effects of monetary policies issued by the PRC, the US, foreign governments, central banks or supranational entities, the imposition of currency controls or other national or global political or economic developments. Therefore, the fund’s exposure to RMB may result in reduced returns to the fund. The fund does not expect to hedge its currency risk. Moreover, the fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between US dollars and RMB and will bear the risk of any inability to convert the RMB.
Foreign investment risk. The fund faces the risks inherent in foreign investing. Adverse political, economic or social developments could undermine the value of the fund’s
investments or prevent the fund from realizing the full value of its investments. Financial reporting standards for companies based in foreign markets differ from those in the US. Additionally, foreign securities markets generally are smaller and less liquid than US markets. To the extent that the fund invests in non-US dollar denominated foreign securities, changes in currency exchange rates may affect the US dollar value of foreign securities or the income or gain received on these securities.
Foreign governments may restrict investment by foreigners, limit withdrawal of trading profit or currency from the country, restrict currency exchange or seize foreign investments. In addition, the fund may be limited in its ability to exercise its legal rights or enforce a counterparty's legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the US. The investments of the fund may also be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher than those for US investments, and the transactions and custody of foreign assets may involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.
Foreign markets can have liquidity risks beyond those typical of US markets. Because foreign exchanges generally are smaller and less liquid than US exchanges, buying and selling foreign investments can be more difficult and costly. Relatively small transactions can sometimes materially affect the price and availability of securities. In certain situations, it may become virtually impossible to sell an investment at a price that approaches portfolio management’s estimate of its value. For the same reason, it may at times be difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments. In addition, because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
In addition, various PRC companies derive their revenues in RMB but have requirements for foreign currency, including for the import of materials, debt service on foreign currency denominated debt, purchases of imported equipment and payment of any cash dividends declared. The existing PRC foreign exchange regulations have significantly reduced government foreign exchange controls for certain transactions, including trade and service related foreign exchange transactions and payment of dividends. However, it is impossible to predict whether the PRC government will continue its existing foreign exchange policy and when the PRC government will allow free conversion of the RMB to foreign currency. Certain foreign exchange transactions, including principal payments in respect of foreign currency-denominated obligations, currently continue to be subject to significant foreign exchange controls and require the approval of SAFE. Since 1994, the conversion of RMB into US dollars has been based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China, which are set daily based on the previous day’s PRC interbank
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foreign exchange market rate. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government introduced a managed floating exchange rate system to allow the value of RMB to fluctuate within a regulated band based on market supply and demand and by reference to a basket of currencies. In addition, a market maker system was introduced to the interbank spot foreign exchange market. In July 2008, China announced that its exchange rate regime was further transformed into a managed floating mechanism based on market supply and demand. Given the domestic and overseas economic developments, the PBOC decided to further improve the RMB exchange rate regime in June 2010 to enhance the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate. In April 2012, the PBOC decided to take a further step to increase the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate by expanding the daily trading band from +/– 0.5% to +/– 1%. Effective from March 17, 2014, the floating band of RMB against USD on the inter-bank spot foreign exchange market was enlarged from 1% to 2%, i.e., on every trading day on the inter-bank spot market, the trading prices of RMB against USD would fluctuate within a band of +/– 2 below and above the central parity as released by the China Foreign Exchange Trade System on that day. On each business day, the spread between the RMB/USD buying and selling prices offered by the designated foreign exchange banks to their clients was within 3% of the published central parity of USD on that day, instead of 2%. Effective from August 11, 2015, the RMB central parity is fixed against the USD by reference to the closing rate of the interbank foreign exchange market on the previous day (rather than the previous morning’s official setting). It is not possible to predict nor give any assurance of any future stability of the RMB to US dollar exchange rate. Fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect the fund’s NAV. Furthermore, because dividends are declared in US dollars and underlying payments are made in RMB, fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect dividends paid by the fund.
Underlying funds risk. To the extent the fund invests a substantial portion of its assets in one or more Underlying Funds, the fund’s performance will be directly related to the performance of an Underlying Fund. The fund’s investments in other investment companies subject the fund to the risks affecting those investment companies.
In addition, the fund indirectly pays a portion of the expenses incurred by an Underlying Fund, which lowers performance. To the extent that the fund’s allocations favor an Underlying Fund with higher expenses, the overall cost of investing paid by the fund will be higher.
The fund is also subject to the risk that an Underlying Fund may pay a redemption request made by the fund, wholly or partly, by an in-kind distribution of portfolio securities rather than in cash. The fund may hold such portfolio securities until the Advisor determines to dispose of them, and the fund will bear the market risk of the securities
received in the redemption until their disposition. Upon disposing of such portfolio securities, the fund may experience increased brokerage commissions.
An investor in the fund may receive taxable gains from portfolio transactions by an Underlying Fund, as well as taxable gains from transactions in shares of the Underlying Fund held by the fund. As the fund’s allocations to an Underlying Fund change from time to time, or to the extent that the expense ratio of an Underlying Fund changes, the weighted average operating expenses borne by the fund may increase or decrease.
To the extent the fund invests a substantial portion of its assets in shares of foreign investment companies, including but not limited to, ETFs the shares of which are listed and traded primarily or solely on a foreign securities exchange, such foreign funds will not be registered as investment companies with the SEC or subject to the US federal securities laws. As a result, the fund’s ability to transfer shares of such foreign funds outside of the foreign fund’s primary market will be restricted or prohibited. While such foreign funds may operate similarly to domestic funds, the fund as an investor in a foreign fund will not be afforded the same investor protections as are provided by the US federal securities laws.
When the fund invests in a foreign fund, in addition to directly bearing the expenses associated with its own operations, it will bear a pro rata portion of the foreign fund’s expenses. Further, in part because of these additional expenses, the performance of a foreign fund may differ from the performance the fund would achieve if it invested directly in the underlying investments of the foreign fund. The fund’s investments in foreign ETFs will be subject to the risk that the NAV of the foreign fund’s shares may trade below the fund’s NAV. The NAV of foreign fund shares will fluctuate with changes in the market value of the foreign fund’s holdings. The trading prices of foreign fund shares will fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as market supply and demand. The difference between the bid price and ask price, commonly referred to as the “spread,” will also vary for a foreign ETF depending on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity. Generally, the greater the trading volume and market liquidity, the smaller the spread is and vice versa. Any of these factors may lead to a foreign fund’s shares trading at a premium or a discount to NAV.
Depositary receipt risk. Foreign investments in American Depositary Receipts and other depositary receipts may be less liquid than the underlying shares in their primary trading market. Certain of the depositary receipts in which the fund invests may be unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts may not provide as much information about the underlying issuer and may not carry the same voting privileges as sponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by
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one or more depositaries in response to market demand, but without a formal agreement with the company that issues the underlying securities.
Derivatives risk. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Risks associated with derivatives may include the risk that the derivative is not well correlated with the security, index or currency to which it relates; the risk that derivatives may result in losses or missed opportunities; the risk that the fund will be unable to sell the derivative because of an illiquid secondary market; the risk that a counterparty is unwilling or unable to meet its obligation, which may be heightened in derivative transactions entered into “over-the-counter” (i.e., not on an exchange or contract market); and the risk that the derivative transaction could expose the fund to the effects of leverage, which could increase the fund’s exposure to the market and magnify potential losses.
There is no guarantee that derivatives, to the extent employed, will have the intended effect, and their use could cause lower returns or even losses to the fund. The use of derivatives by the fund to hedge risk may reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements.
Futures risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures can be highly volatile, using futures can lower total return and the potential loss from futures can exceed the fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Counterparty risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the fund does business, or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial health and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause losses for the fund or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the fund.
To the extent the fund invests in swaps to gain exposure to A-Shares in an effort to achieve the fund’s investment objective, the fund will be subject to the risk that the number of counterparties able to enter into swaps to provide exposure to A-Shares may be limited. To the extent that the QFI license of a potential swap counterparty is revoked or eliminated due to actions by the Chinese government or as a result of transactions entered into by
the counterparty with other investors, the counterparty’s ability to continue to enter into swaps or other derivative transactions with the fund may be reduced or eliminated, which could have a material adverse effect on the fund. These risks are compounded by the fact that at present there are only a limited number of potential counterparties willing and able to enter into swap transactions linked to the performance of A-Shares.
Furthermore, swaps are of limited duration and there is no guarantee that swaps entered into with a counterparty will continue indefinitely. Accordingly, the duration of a swap depends on, among other things, the ability of the fund to renew the expiration period of the relevant swap at agreed upon terms. QFIs may be limited or prohibited from entering into swap or other derivative transactions on QFI investments with the fund, which, in turn, could adversely affect the fund.
Focus risk. To the extent that the fund focuses its investments in particular industries, asset classes or sectors of the economy, any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting companies in those industries, asset classes or sectors may have a significant impact on the fund’s performance.
Consumer discretionary sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the consumer discretionary sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the consumer discretionary sector. Companies engaged in the consumer discretionary sector are subject to fluctuations in supply and demand. These companies may also be adversely affected by changes in consumer spending as a result of world events, political and economic conditions, commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources and labor relations.
Financials sector risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in the financials sector, the fund will be sensitive to changes in, and the fund’s performance may depend to a greater extent on, the overall condition of the financials sector. The financials sector is subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition.
Certain events in the financials sector may cause an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, and cause certain financials sector companies to incur large losses. Securities of financials sector companies may experience a decline in value when such companies experience substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, take action to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or cease operations. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and
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financial losses associated with investment activities can negatively impact the financials sector. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets can be particularly affected by market turmoil.
The financial services sector in China is also undergoing significant change, including continuing consolidations, development of new products and structures and changes to its regulatory framework, which may have an impact on the issuers included in the Underlying Index. Increased government involvement in the financial services sector, including measures such as taking ownership positions in financial institutions, could result in a dilution of the fund’s investments in financial institutions.
Passive investing risk. Unlike a fund that is actively managed, in which portfolio management buys and sells securities based on research and analysis, the fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, the Underlying Index, regardless of their investment merits. Because the fund is designed to maintain a high level of exposure to the Underlying Index at all times, portfolio management generally will not buy or sell a security unless the security is added or removed, respectively, from the Underlying Index, and will not take any steps to invest defensively or otherwise reduce the risk of loss during market downturns.
Index-related risk. The fund seeks investment results that correspond generally to the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Underlying Index as published by the index provider. There is no assurance that the Underlying Index provider will compile the Underlying Index accurately, or that the Underlying Index will be determined, composed or calculated accurately. Market disruptions could cause delays in the Underlying Index’s rebalancing schedule. During any such delay, it is possible that the Underlying Index and, in turn, the fund will deviate from the Underlying Index’s stated methodology and therefore experience returns different than those that would have been achieved under a normal rebalancing schedule. Generally, the index provider does not provide any warranty, or accept any liability, with respect to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the Underlying Index or its related data, and does not guarantee that the Underlying Index will be in line with its stated methodology. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its stated methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. The Advisor may have limited ability to detect such errors and neither the Advisor nor its affiliates provide any warranty or guarantee against such errors. Therefore, the gains, losses or costs associated with the index provider’s errors will generally be borne by the fund and its shareholders.
Index-related risk may be higher for a fund that tracks an index comprised of, or an index that includes, foreign securities, and in particular emerging markets securities, because regulatory and reporting requirements may differ from those in the US, resulting in a heightened risk of errors in the index data, index computation and/or index construction due to unreliable, out-dated or unavailable information.
Liquidity risk. In certain situations, it may be difficult or impossible to sell an investment at an acceptable price. This risk can be ongoing for any security that does not trade actively or in large volumes, for any security that trades primarily on smaller markets, and for investments that typically trade only among a limited number of large investors (such as restricted securities). In unusual market conditions, even normally liquid securities may be affected by a degree of liquidity risk. This may affect only certain securities or an overall securities market.
Although the fund primarily seeks to redeem shares of the fund on an in-kind basis, if the fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in circumstances where redemptions from the fund may be higher than normal.
Pricing risk. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments (including China A-Shares), the fund may value these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value pricing. In such cases, the value determined for an investment could be different from the value realized upon such investment’s sale. As a result, you could pay more than the market value when buying fund shares or receive less than the market value when selling fund shares.
Secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may prevent the fund from being able to realize full value and thus sell a security for its full valuation. This could cause a material decline in the fund’s net asset value.
Tracking error risk. The performance of the fund may diverge from that of its Underlying Index for a number of reasons, including operating expenses, transaction costs, cash flows and operational inefficiencies. The fund’s return also may diverge from the return of the Underlying Index because the fund bears the costs and risks associated with buying and selling securities (especially when rebalancing the fund’s securities holdings to reflect changes in the Underlying Index) while such costs and risks are not factored into the return of the Underlying Index. Transaction costs, including brokerage costs, will decrease the fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by the transaction fee payable by an “Authorized Participant” (“AP”). Market disruptions and regulatory restrictions could have an adverse effect on the fund’s ability to adjust its exposure to the required levels in order to track the Underlying
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Index. In addition, to the extent that portfolio management uses a representative sampling approach (investing in a representative selection of securities included in the Underlying Index rather than all securities in the Underlying Index) it may cause the fund to not be as well correlated with the return of the Underlying Index as would be the case if the fund purchased all of the securities in the Underlying Index in the proportions represented in the Underlying Index. Errors in the Underlying Index data, the Underlying Index computations and/or the construction of the Underlying Index in accordance with its methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the index provider for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the fund and its shareholders. In addition, the fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index, or invest in them in the exact proportions in which they are represented in the Underlying Index, due to legal restrictions or limitations imposed by the governments of certain countries, a lack of liquidity in the markets in which such securities trade, potential adverse tax consequences or other reasons. To the extent the fund calculates its NAV based on fair value prices and the value of the Underlying Index is based on securities’ closing prices (i.e., the value of the Underlying Index is not based on fair value prices), the fund’s ability to track the Underlying Index may be adversely affected. The performance of the fund also may diverge from that of the Underlying Index if the Advisor and/or subadvisor seek to gain exposure to A-Shares by investing in securities not included in the Underlying Index, derivative instruments, and other pooled investment vehicles because the Stock Connect Daily Quota has been exhausted or the subadvisor is unable to maintain its QFI status. For tax efficiency purposes, the fund may sell certain securities, and such sale may cause the fund to realize a loss and deviate from the performance of the Underlying Index. In light of the factors discussed above, the fund’s return may deviate significantly from the return of the Underlying Index.
Tracking error risk may be higher for funds that track indices with significant weight in foreign issuers, and in particular emerging markets issuers, than funds that do not track such indices.
For purposes of calculating the fund’s net asset value, the value of assets denominated in non-US currencies is converted into US dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. This conversion may result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the fund’s net asset value and the prices used by the Underlying Index, which, in turn, could result in a difference between the fund’s performance and the performance of the Underlying Index.
Market price risk. Fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of shares will
fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the NAV and supply and demand for shares. As a result, the trading prices of shares may deviate significantly from NAV during periods of market volatility. Differences between secondary market prices and the value of the fund’s holdings may be due largely to supply and demand forces in the secondary market, which may not be the same forces as those influencing prices for securities held by the fund at a particular time. The Advisor cannot predict whether shares will trade above, below or at their NAV. Given the fact that shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units, the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of shares should not be sustained in the long-term. In addition, there may be times when the market price and the value of the fund’s holdings vary significantly and you may pay more than the value of the fund’s holdings when buying shares on the secondary market, and you may receive less than the value of the fund’s holdings when you sell those shares. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, APs or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. Although market makers will generally take advantage of differences between the NAV and the market price of fund shares through arbitrage opportunities, there is no guarantee that they will do so. If market makers. exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in fund’s shares, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market). The market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. In times of severe market disruption, the bid-ask spread often increases significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to the fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the funds and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of a fund.
In addition, the securities held by a fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than an exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when an exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV is likely to widen. More generally, secondary markets may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid-ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which could cause
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a material decline in the fund’s NAV. The bid-ask spread varies over time for shares of a fund based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the fund has substantial trading volume and market liquidity, and higher if the fund has little trading volume and market liquidity (which is often the case for funds that are newly launched or small in size). The fund’s bid-ask spread may also be impacted by the liquidity of the underlying securities held by the fund, particularly for newly launched or smaller funds or in instances of significant volatility of the underlying securities. The bid/ask spread of the Fund may be wider in comparison to the bid/ask spread of other ETFs, due to the Fund’s exposure to A-Shares. The fund’s investment results are measured based upon the daily NAV of the fund. Investors purchasing and selling shares in the secondary market may not experience investment results consistent with those experienced by those APs creating and redeeming shares directly with a fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on an exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
Valuation risk. Because non-US markets may be open on days when the fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the fund’s shares.
Operational and technology risk. Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures that affect the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund, or other market participants may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the fund or impairing fund operations. For example, the fund’s or its service providers’ assets or sensitive or confidential information may be misappropriated, data may be corrupted and operations may be disrupted (e.g., cyber-attacks, operational failures or broader disruptions may cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential fund information, interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the ability to calculate the fund’s net asset value and impede trading). Market events and disruptions also may trigger a volume of transactions that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes, impacting the ability to conduct the fund’s operations.
While the fund and its service providers may establish business continuity and other plans and processes that seek to address the possibility of and fallout from cyber-attacks, disruptions or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including that they do not apply to third parties, such as fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants, as well as the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that unknown threats may emerge in the future and there is no assurance that such
plans and processes will be effective. Among other situations, disruptions (for example, pandemics or health crises) that cause prolonged periods of remote work or significant employee absences at the fund’s service providers could impact the ability to conduct the fund’s operations. In addition, the fund cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers, fund counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants.
Cyber-attacks may include unauthorized attempts by third parties to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of, or prevent access to the systems of the fund’s service providers or counterparties, issuers of securities held by the fund or other market participants or data within them. In addition, power or communications outages, acts of god, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors, and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data.
Cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures may adversely affect the fund and its shareholders or cause reputational damage and subject the fund to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures involving a fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the fund, which may result in losses to the fund and its shareholders. Similar types of operational and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities held by the fund, which could have material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the fund’s investments to lose value. Furthermore, as a result of cyber-attacks, disruptions, or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in the fund being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or unable to accurately price its investments.
For example, the fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. Therefore, the fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on third party service providers and data sources. NAV calculation may be impacted by operational risks arising from factors such as failures in systems and technology. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Authorized Participant concentration risk. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. Only APs who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as described in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Buying and Selling Shares”). If those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption
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orders, (including in situations where APs have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral) and no other AP is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares and may even face delisting (that is, investors would no longer be able to trade shares in the secondary market).
Country concentration risk. To the extent that the fund invests significantly in a single country, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country. For example, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax or economic policy in a country could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the fund’s performance.
US tax risk. The fund intends to distribute annually all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain. However, should the Chinese government impose restrictions on the fund’s ability to repatriate funds associated with direct investments in A-Shares, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Internal Revenue Code. If the fund fails to satisfy the distribution requirements necessary to qualify for treatment as a RIC for any taxable year, the fund would be treated as a corporation subject to US federal income tax, thereby subjecting any income earned by the fund to tax at the corporate level regardless of whether such income was distributed. If the fund fails to satisfy a separate distribution requirement, it will be subject to a fund-level excise tax. These fund-level taxes will apply in addition to taxes payable at the shareholder level on distributions.
Tax risk. The fund’s exposure to China A-Shares investments through its Underlying Fund or Funds (i.e., primarily through the Underlying Fund) may be less tax efficient than a direct investment in A-Shares. The fund will not be able to offset its taxable income and gains with losses incurred by an Underlying Fund, because the Underlying Fund is treated as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes. The fund’s sales of shares in an Underlying Fund, including those resulting from changes in the fund’s allocation of assets, could cause the recognition of additional taxable gains. A portion of any such gains may be short-term capital gains, which will be taxable as ordinary dividend income when distributed to the fund’s shareholders.
Further, certain losses recognized on sales of shares in an Underlying Fund may be deferred under the wash sale rules. Any loss realized by the fund on a disposition of shares in an Underlying Fund held for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as distributions to the fund of net long- term capital gain with respect to the Underlying Fund’s shares (including any amounts credited to the fund as undistributed capital gains). Short-term capital gains earned by an Underlying Fund will be treated as ordinary
dividends when distributed to a fund and therefore may not be offset by any short-term capital losses incurred by the fund. The fund’s short-term capital losses might instead offset long-term capital gains realized by the fund, which would otherwise be eligible for reduced US federal income tax rates when distributed to individual and certain other non-corporate shareholders. If the Chinese government imposes restrictions on an Underlying Fund’s ability to repatriate funds associated with investment in A-Shares, the Underlying Fund could fail to qualify for US federal income tax treatment as a regulated investment company. Under those circumstances, an Underlying Fund would be subject to tax as a regular corporation, and the fund would not be able to treat non-US income taxes paid by the Underlying Fund as paid by the fund’s shareholders.
Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result in unexpected tax liabilities for an Underlying Fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in an issuer resident in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement or arrangement.
Effective November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted. The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has been paid by the Xtrackers Harvest ETFs, while realized gains from shares in non-land- rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. An underlying fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on an Underlying Fund’s return could be substantial. An Underlying Fund may also be liable to the subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on the subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the Underlying Fund’s investments. If an Underlying Fund’s direct investments in A-Shares through the subadvisor’s QFI status become subject to repatriation restrictions, the Underlying Fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Internal Revenue Code, and be subject to tax at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow money to the extent necessary to distribute to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively, including with respect to the
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possible liability of the fund for obligations of a QFI, such as HGI or in the future, the Advisor. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in the case of a QFI acting for a foreign investor is also uncertain. Finally, it is whether an RQFII would also be eligible for PRC BT exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on an Underlying Fund could have a material adverse effect on a fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e., QFIIs continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from PRC value-added tax, which replaced the BT with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities, including A-Shares.
The PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain of the tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are adverse to an Underlying Fund and their shareholders.
If the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting capital gains taxes on such investments, an Underlying Fund could be subject to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved. The impact of any such tax liability on the fund’s return could be substantial. An Underlying Fund will be liable to HGI for any Chinese tax that is imposed on HGI with respect to the Underlying Fund’s investments.
Investments in swaps and other derivatives may be subject to special US federal income tax rules that could adversely affect the character, timing and amount of income earned by the fund (e.g., by causing amounts that would be capital gain to be taxed as ordinary income or to be taken into income earlier than would otherwise be necessary). Also, the fund may be required to periodically adjust its positions in its swaps and derivatives to comply with certain regulatory requirements which may further cause these investments to be less efficient than a direct investment in A-Shares. For example, swaps in which the fund may invest may need to be reset on a regular basis in order to maintain compliance with the 1940 Act, which may increase the likelihood that the fund will generate short- term capital gains. In addition, because the application of special tax rules to the fund and its investments may be uncertain, it is possible that the manner in which they are applied by the fund may be determined to be incorrect. In that event, the fund may be found to have failed to maintain its qualification as a RIC or to be subject to additional US tax liability. The fund may make investments, both directly and through swaps or other derivative
positions, in companies classified as controlled foreign corporations (“CFCs”) or passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”) for US federal income tax purposes. Investments in CFCs and PFICs are subject to special tax rules which may result in adverse tax consequences to the fund and its shareholders.
The sale or other transfer by the Advisor of A-Shares or B-Shares will be subject to PRC Stamp Duty at a rate of 0.1% on the transacted value. The Advisor will not be subject to PRC Stamp Duty when it acquires A-Shares or B-Shares.
To the extent the fund invests in swaps linked to A-Shares, such investments may be less tax-efficient for US tax purposes than a direct investment in A-Shares. Any tax liability incurred by the swap counterparty may be passed on to the fund. When the fund sells a swap on A-Shares, the sale price may take into account of the QFI’s tax liability imposed under Chinese law.
Medium-sized company risk. Medium-sized company stocks tend to be more volatile than large company stocks. Because stock analysts are less likely to follow medium-sized companies, less information about them is available to investors. Industry-wide reversals may have a greater impact on medium-sized companies, since they lack the financial resources of larger companies. Medium-sized company stocks are typically less liquid than large company stocks.
Securities lending risk. Securities lending involves the risk that the fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for the loaned securities, or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while holding the securities.
Leveraging Risk. The fund’s investment in futures contracts and other derivative instruments provide leveraged exposure. The fund’s investment in these instruments generally requires a small investment relative to the amount of investment exposure assumed. As a result, such investments may give rise to losses that exceed the amount invested in those instruments. The use of derivatives and other similar financial instruments may at times be an integral part of the fund’s investment strategy and may expose the fund to potentially dramatic losses (or gains) in the value of a derivative or other financial instruments and, thus, in the value the fund’s portfolio. The cost of investing in such instruments generally increases as interest rates increase, which will lower a fund’s return.
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Other Policies and Risks
While the previous pages describe the main points of each fund’s strategy and risks, there are a few other matters to know about:
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Each of the policies described herein, including the investment objective and 80% investment policy of each fund, constitutes a non-fundamental policy that may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. Each fund’s 80% investment policy requires 60 days’ prior written notice to shareholders before they can be changed. Certain fundamental policies of each fund which can only be changed with shareholder approval are set forth in the SAI.
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Because each fund seeks to track its Underlying Index, no fund invests defensively and each fund will not invest in money market instruments or other short-term investments as part of a temporary defensive strategy to protect against potential market declines.
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Each fund may borrow money up to 33 1/3%of the value of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) from banks as permitted by the 1940 Act. Any borrowings which come to exceed this amount will be reduced in accordance with applicable law.
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF, Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF may borrow money under a credit facility to the extent necessary for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests, trade settlements, and as necessary to distribute to shareholders any income necessary to maintain a fund’s status as a regulated investment company (“RIC”).
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From time to time a third party, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may invest in a fund and hold its investment for a specific period of time in order for a fund to achieve size or scale. There can be no assurance that any such entity would not redeem its investment or that the size of a fund would be maintained at such levels. In order to comply with applicable law, it is possible that the Advisor or its affiliates, to the extent they are invested in a fund, may be required to redeem some or all of their ownership interests in a fund prematurely or at an inopportune time.
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Secondary market trading in fund shares may be halted by a stock exchange because of market conditions or other reasons. In addition, trading in fund shares on a stock exchange or in any market may be subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to “circuit breaker” rules on the exchange or market. If a trading halt or unanticipated early closing of a stock exchange occurs, a shareholder may be unable to purchase or sell shares of each fund. There can be no
assurance that the requirements necessary to maintain the listing or trading of fund shares will continue to be met or will remain unchanged or that shares will trade with any volume, or at all, in any secondary market. As with all other exchange traded securities, shares may be sold short and may experience increased volatility and price decreases associated with such trading activity.
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From time to time, a fund may have a concentration of shareholder accounts holding a significant percentage of shares outstanding. Investment activities of these shareholders could have a material impact on a fund. For example, a fund may be used as an underlying investment for other registered investment companies.
Portfolio Holdings Information
A description of DBX ETF Trust’s (“Trust”) policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of each fund’s portfolio securities is available in each fund’s SAI. The top holdings of each fund can be found at Xtrackers.com. Fund fact sheets provide information regarding each fund’s top holdings and may be requested by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS).
Who Manages and Oversees the Funds
The Investment Advisor
DBX Advisors LLC (“Advisor”), with headquarters at 875 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022, is the investment advisor for the fund. Under the oversight of the Board, the Advisor (or a subadvisor, if applicable, under the oversight of the Advisor) makes the investment decisions, buys and sells securities for the fund and conducts research that leads to these purchase and sale decisions.
The Advisor is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA (“DWS Group”), a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG. Founded in 2010, the Advisor managed approximately $19 billion in 35 operational exchange-traded funds, as of August 31, 2022.
DWS represents the asset management activities conducted by DWS Group or any of its subsidiaries, including the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors.
DWS is a global organization that offers a wide range of investing expertise and resources, including hundreds of portfolio managers and analysts and an office network that reaches the world’s major investment centers. This well- resourced global investment platform brings together a wide variety of experience and investment insight across industries, regions, asset classes and investing styles.
The Advisor may utilize the resources of its global investment platform to provide investment management services through branch offices or affiliates located outside the US. In some cases, the Advisor may also utilize its branch offices or affiliates located in the US or outside the
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US to perform certain services, such as trade execution, trade matching and settlement, or various administrative, back-office or other services. To the extent services are performed outside the US, such activity may be subject to both US and foreign regulation. It is possible that the jurisdiction in which the Advisor or its affiliate performs such services may impose restrictions or limitations on portfolio transactions that are different from, and in addition to, those in the US.
Subadvisor for Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
Harvest Global Investments Limited (“HGI”), the subadvisor for Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF, is located at 31/F One Exchange Square, 8 Connaught Place, Central, Hong Kong.
HGI is a SEC registered investment advisor and serves as the investment subadvisor for the funds and, subject to the supervision of the Advisor and the Trust’s Board, is responsible for the investment management of the funds.
Management Fee. Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of each fund, including the payments to the subadvisor (as applicable), the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement (also known as a “unitary advisory fee”), interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
For its services to each fund, during the most recent fiscal year, the Advisor received aggregate unitary advisory fees at the following annual rates as a percentage of each fund’s average daily net assets.
|
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI
300 China A-Shares ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclu-
sion Equity ETF |
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI
500 China A-Shares Small Cap
ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI All China
Equity ETF |
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*
Reflecting the effect of expense limitations and/or fee waivers then in effect.
For Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF, to the extent the fund invests in the shares of an affiliated fund, the Advisor has contractually agreed, until November 14, 2024, to waive fees and/or reimburse the fund’s expenses to limit the fund’s current operating expenses (except for interest expense, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or
expenses, litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses) by an amount equal to the acquired fund’s fees and expenses attributable to the fund’s investments in the affiliated funds. In addition, the Advisor has contractually agreed until September 30, 2023, to waive a portion of its management fees to the extent necessary to prevent the operating expenses (except for interest expense, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses, litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses) of the fund from exceeding 0.50% of the fund’s average daily net assets. These agreements may only be terminated by the fund’s Board (and may not be terminated by the Advisor) prior to that time.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board's approval of each fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement is contained in the most recent annual report for the annual period ended May 31. For information on how to obtain shareholder reports, see the back cover.
Multi-Manager Structure. The Advisor and the Trust may rely on an exemptive order (the “Order”) from the SEC that permits the Advisor to enter into investment sub-advisory agreements with unaffiliated and affiliated subadvisors without obtaining shareholder approval. The Advisor, subject to the review and approval of the Board, selects subadvisors for each fund and supervises, monitors and evaluates the performance of the subadvisor.
The Order also permits the Advisor, subject to the approval of the Board, to replace subadvisors and amend investment subadvisory agreements, including fees, without shareholder approval whenever the Advisor and the Board believe such action will benefit a fund and its shareholders. The Advisor thus has the ultimate responsibility (subject to the ultimate oversight of the Board) to recommend the hiring and replacement of subadvisors as well as the discretion to terminate any subadvisor and reallocate a fund’s assets for management among any other subadvisor(s) and itself. This means that the Advisor is able to reduce the subadvisory fees and retain a larger portion of the management fee, or increase the subadvisory fees and retain a smaller portion of the management fee. Pursuant to the Order, the Advisor is not required to disclose its contractual fee arrangements with any subadvisor. The Advisor compensates a subadvisor out of its management fee.
Management
Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. The Portfolio Managers are responsible for various functions related to portfolio management, including, but not limited to, investing cash inflows, coordinating with members of their team to focus on certain asset classes, implementing the
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investment strategy, researching and reviewing the investment strategy, and overseeing members of their portfolio management team with more limited responsibilities.
Kevin Sung, CFA, FRM, CESGA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2018.
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Joined HGI in 2018, with ten years of financial industry experience. Prior to joining HGI, he was a portfolio manager in DWS and Creditease. Prior to that, he worked in Value Partners Limited (Hong Kong) to develop quantitative strategy and managed ETF and quantitative portfolios.
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MSc in Financial Mathematics and Statistics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; MPhil and BSc in Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong. He is a CFA Charterholder, FRM holder and EFFAS Certified ESG Analyst (CESGA).
Vicky Hsu, CFA, CESGA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2021.
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Joined HGI in 2021, with five years of financial industry experience. Prior to joining HGI, she was a research analyst at Premia Partners covering qualitative and quantitative research, investment analysis and risk management on various equity and fixed income ETF strategies. Prior to that, she worked at DBS Bank (Taiwan) and was responsible for corporate banking, investment advisory and credit analysis.
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BSc in Money and Banking, with Mathematical Finance Program and Business Economics Program, from National Chengchi University (Taiwan). She is a CFA Charterholder and EFFAS Certified ESG Analyst (CESGA).
West Wang, CFA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
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Joined HGI in 2022, with four years of financial industry experience. Prior to joining HGI, he was a data analyst at Bloomberg, where he managed peer group indices for global Bloomberg Intelligence team (BI), and supported equity research and financial modeling focusing on the Asian market. Prior to that, he worked as a technical account manager at Bloomberg.
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MSc in Applied Economics from City University of Hong Kong; BSc in Electronic Information Science and Technology from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT). He is a CFA Charterholder.
Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2015.
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Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
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Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
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BS in Finance, Boston College.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
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Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
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Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
◾
Joined DWS in 2017 with 13 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous worked at Northern Trust where he filled a variety of operational functions supporting portfolio management. In 2010 he began managing equity portfolios on behalf of institutional clients across a variety of global benchmarks. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
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Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
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BS in Finance, Yeshiva University.
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
◾
Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
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Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
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Fund Details
◾
BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. The Portfolio Managers are responsible for various functions related to portfolio management, including, but not limited to, investing cash inflows, coordinating with members of their team to focus on certain asset classes, implementing the investment strategy, researching and reviewing the investment strategy, and overseeing members of their portfolio management team with more limited responsibilities.
Kevin Sung, CFA, FRM, CESGA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2018.
◾
Joined HGI in 2018, with ten years of financial industry experience. Prior to joining HGI, he was a portfolio manager in DWS and Creditease. Prior to that, he worked in Value Partners Limited (Hong Kong) to develop quantitative strategy and managed ETF and quantitative portfolios.
◾
MSc in Financial Mathematics and Statistics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; MPhil and BSc in Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong. He is a CFA Charterholder, FRM holder and EFFAS Certified ESG Analyst (CESGA).
Vicky Hsu, CFA, CESGA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2021.
◾
Joined HGI in 2021, with five years of financial industry experience. Prior to joining HGI, she was a research analyst at Premia Partners covering qualitative and quantitative research, investment analysis and risk management on various equity and fixed income ETF strategies. Prior to that, she worked at DBS Bank (Taiwan) and was responsible for corporate banking, investment advisory and credit analysis.
◾
BSc in Money and Banking, with Mathematical Finance Program and Business Economics Program, from National Chengchi University (Taiwan). She is a CFA Charterholder and EFFAS Certified ESG Analyst (CESGA).
West Wang, CFA, employee of HGI. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
◾
Joined HGI in 2022, with four years of financial industry experience. Prior to joining HGI, he was a data analyst at Bloomberg, where he managed peer group indices for global Bloomberg Intelligence team (BI), and supported equity research and financial modeling focusing on the Asian market. Prior to that, he worked as a technical account manager at Bloomberg.
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MSc in Applied Economics from City University of Hong Kong; BSc in Electronic Information Science and Technology from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT). He is a CFA Charterholder.
Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF
The following Portfolio Managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund. Each Portfolio Manager functions as a member of a portfolio management team.
Bryan Richards, CFA, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Head of Portfolio Engineering, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2014.
◾
Joined DWS in 2011 with 11 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he worked in ETF management at XShares Advisors, an ETF issuer based in New York, and before that he served as an equity analyst for Fairhaven Capital LLC, a long/short equity fund.
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Head of Passive Portfolio Management, Americas: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Boston College.
Patrick Dwyer, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer & Team Lead, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2016.
◾
Joined DWS in 2016 with 16 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, he was the head of Northern Trust’s Equity Index, ETF, and Overlay portfolio management team in Chicago, managing portfolios for North American based clients. His time at Northern Trust included working in New York, Chicago, and in Hong Kong building a portfolio management desk. Prior to joining Northern Trust in 2003, he participated in the Deutsche Asset Management graduate training program. He rotated through the domestic fixed income and US structured equity fund management groups.
◾
Lead Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Rutgers University.
Shlomo Bassous, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Senior Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2017.
◾
Joined DWS in 2017 with 13 years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Bassous worked at Northern Trust where he filled a variety of operational functions supporting portfolio management. In 2010 he began managing equity portfolios on behalf of institutional clients across a variety of global benchmarks. Before joining Northern Trust in 2007, he worked at The Bank of New York Mellon and Morgan Stanley in a variety of roles supporting equity trading and portfolio management.
◾
Equity Portfolio Manager, US Passive Equities: New York.
◾
BS in Finance, Yeshiva University.
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Fund Details
Ashif Shaikh, Vice President of DBX Advisors LLC and Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions, of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. Portfolio Manager of the fund. Began managing the fund in 2022.
◾
Joined DWS in 2008 with six years of industry experience. Prior to joining DWS, Mr. Shaikh served in operations and technology roles at UBS and Prudential Financial.
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Portfolio Engineer, Systematic Investment Solutions: New York.
◾
BS in Management Information Systems, New Jersey Institute of Technology; MBA, Rutgers University.
Each fund’s Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about a portfolio manager’s investments in each fund, a description of the portfolio management compensation structure and information regarding other accounts managed.
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Fund Details
Additional shareholder information, including how to buy and sell shares of a fund, is available free of charge by calling toll-free: 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS) or visiting our website at Xtrackers.com.
Buying and Selling Shares
Shares of a fund are listed for trading on a national securities exchange during the trading day. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day at market prices like shares of other publicly-traded companies. The Trust does not impose any minimum investment for shares of a fund purchased on an exchange. Buying or selling fund shares involves two types of costs that may apply to all securities transactions. When buying or selling shares of a fund through a broker, you will likely incur a brokerage commission or other charges determined by your broker. In addition, you may incur the cost of the “spread” – that is, any difference between the bid price and the ask price. The commission is frequently a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell small amounts of shares. The spread varies over time for shares of a fund based on its trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if a fund has a lot of trading volume and market liquidity and higher if a fund has little trading volume and market liquidity.
Shares of a fund may be acquired or redeemed directly from a fund only in Creation Units or multiples thereof, as discussed in the section of this Prospectus entitled “Creations and Redemptions.” Only an AP may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with a fund. Once created, shares of a fund generally trade in the secondary market in amounts less than a Creation Unit.
The Board has evaluated the risks of market timing activities by a fund’s shareholders. The Board noted that shares of a fund can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the fund in Creation Units by APs and that the vast majority of trading in a fund’s shares occurs on the secondary market. Because the secondary market trades do not involve a fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in a fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With regard to the purchase or redemption of Creation Units directly with a fund, to the extent effected
in-kind (i.e., for securities), such trades do not cause any of the harmful effects (as previously noted) that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that such trades could result in dilution to a fund and increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact a fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that a fund’s shares trade at or close to NAV. In addition, a fund imposes both fixed and variable transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of fund shares to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by a fund in effecting trades. These fees increase if an investor substitutes cash in part or in whole for securities, reflecting the fact that a fund’s trading costs increase in those circumstances. Given this structure, the Board determined that with respect to a fund it is not necessary to adopt policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of a fund’s shares.
Investments in a fund by other registered investment companies are subject to certain limitations imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Such registered investment companies may invest in a fund (other than Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF) beyond the applicable limitations imposed by the 1940 Act pursuant to the terms and conditions of a rule enacted by the SEC, which includes a requirement that such registered investment companies enter into an agreement with the Trust.
Investments by other registered investment companies in Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF may not exceed the applicable limitations imposed by the 1940 Act as that fund operates as a “fund-of-funds” by investing in the Xtrackers China A-Shares ETFs.
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Shares of a fund trade on the exchange and under the ticker symbol as shown in the table below.
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|
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI
300 China A-Shares
ETF |
|
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Xtrackers MSCI China
A Inclusion Equity ETF |
|
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Xtrackers Harvest CSI
500 China A-Shares
Small Cap ETF |
|
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Xtrackers MSCI All
China Equity ETF |
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Book Entry
Shares of a fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of a fund and is recognized as the owner of all shares for all purposes.
Investors owning shares of a fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for shares of a fund. DTC participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you hold in book-entry or “street name” form.
Share Prices
The trading prices of a fund’s shares in the secondary market generally differ from a fund’s daily NAV per share and are affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. Information regarding the intraday value of shares of a fund, also known as the “indicative optimized portfolio value” (“IOPV”), is disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which a fund’s shares are listed or by market data vendors or other information providers. The IOPV is based on the current market value of the securities and/or cash required to be deposited in exchange for a Creation Unit. The IOPV does not necessarily reflect the precise composition of the current portfolio of securities held by a fund at a particular point in time nor the best possible valuation of the current portfolio. Therefore, the IOPV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV, which is computed only once a day. The IOPV is generally determined by using both current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained
from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities held by a fund. The quotations of certain fund holdings may not be updated during US trading hours if such holdings do not trade in the US. Each fund is not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the IOPV and makes no representation or warranty as to its accuracy.
Determination of Net Asset Value
The NAV of each fund is generally determined once daily Monday through Friday as of the regularly scheduled close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each day that the NYSE is open for trading. NAV is calculated by deducting all of the fund’s liabilities from the total value of its assets and dividing the result by the number of shares outstanding, rounding to the nearest cent. All valuations are subject to review by the Trust’s Board or its delegate. In determining NAV, expenses are accrued and applied daily and securities and other assets for which market quotations are available are valued at market value.
The Trust’s Board has designated the Advisor as the valuation designee for the fund pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Advisor’s Pricing Committee typically values securities using readily available market quotations or prices supplied by independent pricing services (which are considered fair values under Rule 2a-5).
The Advisor has adopted fair valuation procedures that provide methodologies for fair valuing securities when pricing service prices or market quotations are not readily available, including when a security’s value or a meaningful portion of the value of the fund’s portfolio is believed to have been materially affected by a significant event such as a natural disaster, an economic event like a bankruptcy filing, or a substantial fluctuation in domestic or foreign markets that has occurred between the close of the exchange or market on which the security is principally traded (for example, a foreign exchange or market) and the close of the New York Stock Exchange. In such a case, the fund’s value for a security is likely to be different from the last quoted market price or pricing service prices. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, it is possible that the value determined for a particular asset may be materially different from the value realized upon such asset’s sale. In addition, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate a fund’s NAV and the prices used by the fund’s Underlying Index. This may adversely affect the fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. With respect to securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges, the value of the fund’s portfolio securities may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or sell your shares.
The approximate value of shares of the applicable fund, an amount representing on a per share basis the sum of the current value of the deposit securities based on their then current market price and the estimated cash component will be disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the
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trading day through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association. With respect to Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF and Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF, foreign currency exchange rates with respect to the fund’s non-U.S. securities are generally determined as of 4:00 p.m., London time. With respect to Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF, foreign currency exchange rates with respect to the fund's non-U.S. securities are generally determined as of 4:00 p.m., New York time. As the respective international local markets close, the market value of the portfolio securities will continue to be updated for foreign exchange rates for the remainder of the U.S. trading day at the prescribed 15 second intervals. Generally, trading in non-U.S. securities, U.S. government securities, money market instruments and certain fixed-income securities is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of each fund are determined as of such earlier times. The value of each Underlying Index will not be calculated and disseminated intra-day. The value and return of each Underlying Index is calculated once each trading day by the Index Provider based on prices received from the respective international local markets. In addition, the value of assets or liabilities denominated in non-U.S. currencies will be converted into U.S. dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of the valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers. Use of a rate different from the rate used by the Index Provider may adversely affect a fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index.
Creations and Redemptions
Prior to trading in the secondary market, shares of the funds are “created” at NAV by market makers, large investors and institutions only in block-size Creation Units of 50,000 shares or multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The size of a Creation Unit will be subject to change. Each “creator” or AP (which must be a DTC participant) enters into an authorized participant agreement (“Authorized Participant Agreement”) with the fund’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”), subject to acceptance by the Transfer Agent. Only an AP may create or redeem Creation Units. With respect to Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF, Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF and Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF, Creation Units generally are issued and redeemed in exchange for a specified amount of cash totaling the NAV of the Creation Units. With respect to Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF, Creation Units are principally issued and redeemed in exchange for a specific basket of securities approximating the holdings of the applicable fund and a designated amount of cash. Creation Units may also be issued and redeemed in exchange for a specified amount of cash totaling the NAV of the Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares
are not redeemable by the fund. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received in a form described in the Authorized Participant Agreement.
Additional information about the procedures regarding creation and redemption of Creation Units (including the cut-off times for receipt of creation and redemption orders) is included in the SAI.
Each fund intends to comply with the US federal securities laws in accepting securities for deposits and satisfying redemptions with redemption securities, including that the securities accepted for deposits and the securities used to satisfy redemption requests will be sold in transactions that would be exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”). Further, an AP that is not a “qualified institutional buyer,” as such term is defined under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, will not be able to receive fund securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A.
Authorized Participants and the Continuous Offering of Shares
Because new shares may be created and issued on an ongoing basis, at any point during the life of a fund a “distribution,” as such term is used in the 1933 Act, may be occurring. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner that could render them statutory underwriters and subject to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act. Any determination of whether one is an underwriter must take into account all the relevant facts and circumstances of each particular case.
Broker-dealers should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary transactions), and thus dealing with shares that are part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the 1933 Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the 1933 Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153 under the 1933 Act is available only with respect to transactions on a national securities exchange.
Certain affiliates of a fund and the Advisor may purchase and resell fund shares pursuant to this Prospectus.
Transaction Fees
APs are charged standard creation and redemption transaction fees to offset transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. Purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units for cash are required to pay an additional variable charge (up to a maximum of 2% for redemptions, including the standard redemption fee) to compensate for brokerage and
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market impact expenses. The standard creation and redemption transaction fee for each fund is set forth in the table below. The maximum redemption fee, as a percentage of the amount redeemed, is 2%.
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|
Xtrackers Harvest CSI
300 China A-Shares ETF |
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Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclu-
sion Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers Harvest CSI
500 China A-Shares Small Cap
ETF |
|
Xtrackers MSCI All China
Equity ETF |
|
Dividends and Distributions
General Policies. Dividends from net investment income, if any, are generally declared and paid at least annually by each fund. Distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis for a fund. The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve a fund’s status as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income or realized gains.
Dividends and other distributions on shares of a fund are distributed on a pro rata basis to beneficial owners of such shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC participants and indirect participants to beneficial owners as of the record date with proceeds received from a fund.
Dividend Reinvestment Service. No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by beneficial owners of a fund for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of a fund purchased in the secondary market. Taxable dividend distributions will be subject to US federal income tax whether received in cash or reinvested in additional shares.
Taxes
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in shares of a fund will be taxed. The US federal income tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in shares of a fund.
Unless your investment in fund shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-advantaged retirement account, such as an IRA, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when a fund makes distributions or you sell fund shares.
US Federal Income Tax on Distributions
Distributions from a fund’s net investment income (other than qualified dividend income), including distributions of income from securities lending and distributions out of the fund’s net short-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to you as ordinary income for US federal income tax purposes. Distributions by a fund of net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (capital gain dividends) are taxable for US federal income tax purposes to non-corporate shareholders as long-term capital gains, which are subject to reduced maximum tax rates, regardless of how long the shareholders have held the fund’s shares. Distributions by a fund that qualify as qualified dividend income are taxable to non-corporate shareholders at long-term capital gain rates. The maximum individual US federal income tax rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” and long-term capital gains is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. As discussed below, an additional 3.8% Medicare tax may also apply to certain non-corporate shareholder’s distributions from a fund.
A non-corporate shareholder may be eligible to treat qualified dividend income received by a fund as qualified dividend income when distributed to the non-corporate shareholder if the shareholder satisfies certain holding period and other requirements. Generally, qualified dividend income includes dividend income from taxable US corporations and qualified non-US corporations, provided that the fund satisfies certain holding period requirements in respect of the stock of such corporations and has not hedged its position in the stock in certain ways. For this purpose, a qualified non-US corporation means any non-US corporation that is eligible for benefits under a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States which includes an exchange of information program or if the stock with respect to which the dividend was paid is readily tradable on an established United States security market. The PRC has such a treaty with the US. Dividends from passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”) are not qualified dividend income.
In general, your distributions are subject to US federal income tax for the year when they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year.
Distributions in excess of a fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated for US federal income tax purposes as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s basis in his, her or its shares of the fund, and generally as a capital gain thereafter. Because a return of capital distribution will
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reduce the shareholder’s cost basis in his, her or its shares, a return of capital distribution may result in a higher capital gain or lower capital loss when those shares on which the distribution was received are sold.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a non-US entity, a fund’s ordinary income dividends (which include distributions of net short-term capital gains) will generally be subject to a 30% US withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies or unless such income is effectively connected with a US trade or business, provided that withholding tax will generally not apply to any gain or income realized by a non-US shareholder in respect of any distributions of long-term capital gains or upon the sale or other disposition of shares of the fund.
As noted above, investment income earned by a fund may be subject to non-US taxes; in particular, taxes imposed by China. If, as is expected, more than 50% of the total assets of the fund at the close of a year consist of non-US stocks or securities, the fund may elect, for US federal income tax purposes, to treat certain non-US income taxes (including withholding taxes) paid (or deemed paid) by the fund as paid by its shareholders. This means that you would be considered to have received as additional gross income (potentially subject to US withholding tax for non-US shareholders) your share of such non-US taxes, but you may, in such case, be entitled to either a tax deduction or a credit in calculating your US federal income tax, subject in both cases to certain limitations.
If a fund holds shares in PFICs, it may be subject to US federal income tax on a portion of any “excess distribution” or gain from the disposition of such shares even if such income is distributed as a taxable dividend by the fund to its shareholders. Additional charges in the nature of interest may be imposed on the fund in respect of deferred taxes arising from such distributions or gains. A fund may be eligible to elect to treat the PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” under the Code, in which case, the fund would generally be required to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the qualified electing fund, even if not distributed to the fund, and such amounts would be subject to the distribution requirements for qualifying as a RIC and avoiding US federal income and excise tax as described in the SAI. In order to make this election, the fund would be required to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Alternatively, a fund may make a mark-to-market election that would result in the fund being treated as if it had sold and repurchased its PFIC stock at the end of each year. In such case, the fund would report any gains resulting from such deemed sales as ordinary income and would deduct any losses resulting from such deemed sales as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains.
A fund’s exposure to securities through an underlying fund (i.e., the Underlying Funds) may be less tax efficient than a direct investment in securities. The fund will not be able to offset its taxable income and gains with losses incurred by the underlying fund because the underlying fund(s) are treated as corporations for US federal income tax purposes. The fund’s sales of shares of an underlying fund, including those resulting from changes in the fund’s allocation of assets, could cause the recognition of additional taxable gains. A portion of any such gains may be short-term capital gains, which will be taxable as ordinary dividend income when distributed to the fund’s shareholders. Further, certain losses recognized on sales of shares of the underlying fund may be deferred indefinitely under the wash sale rules. Short-term capital gains earned by the underlying fund will be treated as ordinary dividends when distributed to the fund and therefore may not be offset by any short-term capital losses incurred by the fund. The fund’s short-term capital losses might instead offset long-term capital gains realized by the fund, which would otherwise be eligible for reduced US federal income tax rates when distributed to individual and certain other non-corporate shareholders.
If you are a resident or a citizen of the United States, by law, back-up withholding (currently at a rate of 24%) will apply to your distributions and proceeds if you have not provided a taxpayer identification number or social security number and made other required certifications or if you are otherwise subject to back-up withholding.
To the extent the fund does not distribute to shareholders all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain in a given year whether due to Chinese restrictions on repatriations or otherwise, it will be required to pay US federal income tax on the retained income and gains, thereby reducing the fund’s return. A fund may elect to treat any retained net capital gain as having been distributed to shareholders. In that case, shareholders of record on the last day of the fund’s taxable year will be required to include their attributable share of the retained gain in income for the year as a long-term capital gain despite not actually receiving the dividend, and will be entitled to a tax credit or refund for the tax deemed paid on their behalf by the fund as well as an increase in the basis of their shares to reflect the difference between their attributable share of the gain and the related credit or refund.
US Federal Income Tax when Shares are Sold
Currently, any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares is generally treated as a long-term gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of fund shares held for one year or less is generally treated as short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital
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loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid with respect to such shares. Your ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
Medicare Tax
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from a fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of fund shares) of US individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the consequences under current US federal income tax law of an investment in a fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. You may also be subject to state, local and foreign taxation on fund distributions and sales of shares. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences of an investment in shares of a fund under all applicable tax laws.
Distribution
The Distributor distributes Creation Units for each fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in shares of a fund. The Distributor has no role in determining the policies of a fund or the securities that are purchased or sold by a fund. The Distributor’s principal address is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.
The Advisor and/or its affiliates may pay additional compensation, out of their own assets and not as an additional charge to a fund, to selected affiliated and unaffiliated brokers, dealers, participating insurance companies or other financial intermediaries (“financial representatives”) in connection with the sale and/or distribution of fund shares or the retention and/or servicing of fund investors and fund shares (“revenue sharing”). For example, the Advisor and/or its affiliates may compensate financial representatives for providing a fund with “shelf space” or access to a third party platform or fund offering list or other marketing programs, including, without limitation, inclusion of a fund on preferred or recommended sales lists, fund “supermarket” platforms and other formal sales programs; granting the Advisor and/ or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s sales force; granting the Advisor and/or its affiliates access to the financial representative’s conferences and meetings; assistance in training and educating the financial representative’s personnel; and obtaining other forms of marketing support.
The level of revenue sharing payments made to financial representatives may be a fixed fee or based upon one or more of the following factors: gross sales, current assets and/or number of accounts of a fund attributable to the financial representative, the particular fund or fund
type or other measures as agreed to by the Advisor and/or its affiliates and the financial representatives or any combination thereof. The amount of these revenue sharing payments is determined at the discretion of the Advisor and/or its affiliates from time to time, may be substantial, and may be different for different financial representatives based on, for example, the nature of the services provided by the financial representative.
Receipt of, or the prospect of receiving, additional compensation may influence your financial representative’s recommendation of a fund. You should review your financial representative’s compensation disclosure and/or talk to your financial representative to obtain more information on how this compensation may have influenced your financial representative’s recommendation of the fund. Additional information regarding these revenue sharing payments is included in a fund’s Statement of Additional Information, which is available to you on request at no charge (see the back cover of this Prospectus for more information on how to request a copy of the Statement of Additional Information).
It is possible that broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions for a fund will also sell shares of a fund to their customers. However, the Advisor will not consider the sale of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for a fund. Accordingly, the Advisor has implemented policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent its traders from considering sales of fund shares as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for a fund. In addition, the Advisor and/or its affiliates will not use fund brokerage to pay for their obligation to provide additional compensation to financial representatives as described above.
Premium/Discount Information
Information regarding how often shares of each fund traded on NYSE Arca at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the NAV of each fund during the past calendar year can be found at Xtrackers.com.
Prospectus October 1, 2022
139
Investing in the Funds
The financial highlights are designed to help you understand recent financial performance. The figures in the first part of each table are for a single share. The total return figures represent the percentage that an investor in a fund would have earned (or lost), assuming all dividends and distributions were reinvested. This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with each fund’s financial statements, is included in each fund’s Annual Report (see “For More Information” on the back cover).
Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)b |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 140 | Financial Highlights |
Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%)c |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%)c |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)d |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
c
The Fund invests in other ETFs and indirectly bears its proportionate shares of fees and expenses incurred by the Underlying Funds in which the Fund is invested. This ratio does not include these indirect fees and expenses.
d
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
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Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)b |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 141 | Financial Highlights |
Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF
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Net Asset Value, beginning of year |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss)a |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
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Total from investment operations |
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Net Asset Value, end of year |
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Ratios to Average Net Assets and Supplemental Data |
Net Assets, end of year ($ millions) |
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Ratio of expenses before fee waiver (%)c |
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Ratio of expenses after fee waiver (%)c |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) (%) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (%)d |
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a
Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
b
Total Return would have been lower if certain expenses had not been reimbursed by the Advisor.
c
The Fund invests in other ETFs and indirectly bears its proportionate shares of fees and expenses incurred by the Underlying Funds in which the Fund is invested. This ratio does not include these indirect fees and expenses.
d
Portfolio turnover rate does not include securities received or delivered from processing creations or redemptions.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 142 | Financial Highlights |
Index Providers and Licenses
CSI, a leading index provider in China, is a joint venture between the SSE and the SZSE that specializes in the creation of indices and index-related services. CSI is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, the Subadvisor, The Bank of New York Mellon, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates.
MSCI, Inc. (“MSCI”) is a leading provider of global indexes and benchmark related products and services to investors worldwide. MSCI is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, The Bank of New York Mellon, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates.
The Advisor has entered into a license agreement with CSI and MSCI to use each Underlying Index. All license fees are paid by the Adviser out of its own resources and not the assets of the Fund.
Disclaimers
Shares of the funds are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by NYSE Arca. NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the funds or any member of the public regarding the ability of the funds to track the total return performance of the Underlying Index or the ability of the Underlying Index to track stock market performance. NYSE Arca is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the compilation or the calculation of the Underlying Index, nor in the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of shares of the funds to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares are redeemable. NYSE Arca has no obligation or liability to owners of the shares of the funds in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the shares of the funds.
NYSE Arca does not guarantee the accuracy and/or the completeness of the Underlying Index or any data included therein. NYSE Arca makes no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by the Trust on behalf of the funds as licensee, licensee’s customers and counterparties, owners of the shares of the funds, or any other person or entity from the use of the subject index or any data included therein in connection with the rights licensed as described herein or for any other use. NYSE Arca makes no express or implied warranties and hereby expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to the Underlying Index or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall NYSE Arca have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
The Advisor does not guarantee the accuracy or the completeness of the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein and the Advisor shall have no liability for any errors, omissions or interruptions therein.
The Advisor makes no warranty, express or implied, to the owners of shares of the funds or to any other person or entity, as to results to be obtained by the funds from the use of the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein. The Advisor makes no express or implied warranties and expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with respect to the Underlying Indexes or any data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Advisor have any liability for any special, punitive, direct, indirect or consequential damages (including lost profits), even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
Shares of the funds are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by CSI or any affiliate of CSI and CSI bears no liability with respect to the funds or any security. The Underlying Index of Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF is compiled and calculated by CSI. CSI will apply all necessary means to ensure the accuracy of the Underlying Index. However, none of CSI, the SSE nor the SZSE shall be liable (whether in negligence or otherwise) to any person for any error in the Underlying Index and none of CSI, the SSE nor the SZSE shall be under any obligation to advise any person of any error therein. All rights in the Underlying Index vests in CSI. Neither the publication of the Underlying Index by CSI nor the granting of a license regarding the Underlying Index as
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 143 | Appendix |
well as the Index Trademark for the utilization in connection with the funds, which derived from the Underlying Indexes, represents a recommendation by CSI for a capital investment or contains in any manner a warranty or opinion by CSI with respect to the attractiveness on an investment in the funds.
XTRACKERS MSCI ALL CHINA EQUITY ETF AND XTRACKERS MSCI CHINA A INCLUSION EQUITY ETF ARE NOT SPONSORED, ENDORSED, SOLD OR PROMOTED BY MSCI INC. (“MSCI”), ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES, ANY OF ITS INFORMATION PROVIDERS OR ANY OTHER THIRD PARTY INVOLVED IN, OR RELATED TO, COMPILING, COMPUTING OR CREATING ANY MSCI INDEX (COLLECTIVELY, THE “MSCI PARTIES”). THE MSCI INDEXES ARE THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF MSCI. MSCI AND THE MSCI INDEX NAMES ARE SERVICE MARK(S) OF MSCI OR ITS AFFILIATES AND HAVE BEEN LICENSED FOR USE FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES BY THE ADVISER. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES MAKES ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, TO THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE FUNDS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY REGARDING THE ADVISABILITY OF INVESTING IN FUNDS GENERALLY OR IN A FUND PARTICULARLY OR THE ABILITY OF ANY MSCI INDEX TO TRACK CORRESPONDING STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE. MSCI OR ITS AFFILIATES ARE THE LICENSORS OF CERTAIN TRADEMARKS, SERVICE MARKS AND TRADE NAMES AND OF THE MSCI INDEXES WHICH ARE DETERMINED, COMPOSED AND CALCULATED BY MSCI WITHOUT REGARD TO THE FUNDS OR THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE FUNDS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES HAS ANY OBLIGATION TO TAKE THE NEEDS OF THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE FUNDS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY INTO CONSIDERATION IN DETERMINING, COMPOSING OR CALCULATING THE MSCI INDEXES. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES IS RESPONSIBLE FOR OR HAS PARTICIPATED IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE TIMING OF, PRICES AT, OR QUANTITIES OF THE FUNDS TO BE ISSUED OR IN THE DETERMINATION OR CALCULATION OF THE EQUATION BY OR THE CONSIDERATION INTO WHICH THE FUNDS ARE REDEEMABLE. FURTHER, NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES HAS ANY OBLIGATION OR LIABILITY TO THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE FUNDS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE ADMINISTRATION, MARKETING OR OFFERING OF THE FUNDS.
ALTHOUGH MSCI SHALL OBTAIN INFORMATION FOR INCLUSION IN OR FOR USE IN THE CALCULATION OF THE MSCI INDEXES FROM SOURCES THAT MSCI CONSIDERS RELIABLE, NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES WARRANTS OR GUARANTEES THE ORIGINALITY, ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF ANY MSCI INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES MAKES ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY THE ISSUER OF THE FUNDS, OWNERS OF THE FUNDS, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY, FROM THE USE OF ANY MSCI INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES SHALL HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS OR INTERRUPTIONS OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH ANY MSCI INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. FURTHER, NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES MAKES ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, AND THE MSCI PARTIES HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALLWARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO EACH MSCI INDEX AND ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN.WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL ANY OF THE MSCI PARTIES HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, CONSEQUENTIAL OR ANY OTHER DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS) EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
NO PURCHASER, SELLER OR HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY, PRODUCT OR FUND, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY, SHOULD USE OR REFER TO ANY MSCI TRADE NAME, TRADEMARK OR SERVICE MARK TO SPONSOR, ENDORSE, MARKET OR PROMOTE THIS SECURITY WITHOUT FIRST CONTACTING MSCI TO DETERMINE WHETHER MSCI’S PERMISSION IS REQUIRED. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES MAY ANY PERSON OR ENTITY CLAIM ANY AFFILIATION WITH MSCI WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION OF MSCI.
Prospectus October 1, 2022 | 144 | Appendix |
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
XTRACKERS.COM
1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS)
Copies of the prospectus, SAI and recent shareholder reports, when available, can be found on our website at Xtrackers.com. For more information about a fund, you may request a copy of the SAI. The SAI provides detailed information about a fund and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. This means that the SAI, for legal purposes, is a part of this prospectus.
If you have any questions about the Trust or shares of a fund or you wish to obtain the SAI or shareholder report free of charge, please:
|
1-855-329-3837 or 1-855-DBX-ETFS
(toll free) Monday through Friday
8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. (Eastern time)
E-mail: dbxquestions@list.db.com |
|
DBX ETF Trust
c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc.
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000
Denver, Colorado 80203 |
Information about a fund (including the SAI), reports and other information about a fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s website at sec.gov, and copies of
this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
Householding is an option available to certain fund investors. Householding is a method of delivery, based on the preference of the individual investor, in which a single copy of certain shareholder documents can be delivered to investors who share the same address, even if their accounts are registered under different names. Please contact your broker-dealer if you are interested in enrolling in householding and receiving a single copy of prospectuses and other shareholder documents, or if you are currently enrolled in householding and wish to change your householding status.
No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about a fund and their shares not contained in this prospectus and you should not rely on any other information. Read and keep the prospectus for future reference.
Investment Company Act File No.: 811-22487
Statement
of Additional Information
October
1, 2022
DBX
ETF TRUST
Xtrackers
International Real Estate ETF |
|
This
Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”)
is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with
the prospectus for the fund dated October 1, 2022,
as supplemented, a copy of which may be obtained without charge
by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS); by visiting Xtrackers.com
(the Web site does not form a part of this SAI); or by writing
to the Trust’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the
“Distributor”),
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203. This SAI is
incorporated by reference into the prospectus.
Portions
of the Annual Report to Shareholders of the fund are incorporated
herein by reference, and are hereby deemed to be part of this
SAI. Reports to Shareholders may also be obtained without charge
by calling the number provided in the preceding paragraph.
This
SAI is divided into two Parts—Part
I and Part II. Part I contains information that is specific to
the fund, while Part II contains information that generally applies
to each of the funds in the Xtrackers funds.
Statement of Additional Information
(SAI)—Part
I
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Detailed
Part II table of contents precedes page II-1 |
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Definitions
“1933
Act”
– the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
“1934
Act”
– the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
“1940
Act”
– the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
“Administrator”
or “Custodian”
or “Transfer
Agent”
or “BNYM”
– The Bank of New York Mellon, 240 Greenwich Street, New
York, New York 10286
“Advisor”
or “DBX”
– DBX Advisors LLC, 875 Third Avenue, New York, New York
10022
“ALPS”
or “Distributor”
– ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver,
Colorado 80203
“Board”
– Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Board
Members”
– Members of the Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Business
Day”
– any day on which the Exchange on which the fund is listed
for trading is open for business
“Cash
Component”
– deposit of a specified cash payment
“Creation
Units”
– shares that have been aggregated into blocks
“Code”
– the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
“DTC”
– Depository Trust Company
“DWS”
– refers to the asset management activities conducted by
DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA or any of its subsidiaries, including
the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors
“DWS
Group”
– a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that
is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG.
“ETF”
– exchange-traded fund
“Exchange”
– NYSE Arca, Inc.
“Fitch”
– Fitch Ratings, an NRSRO
“Fund
Legal Counsel”
– Vedder Price P.C., 1633 Broadway, 31st Floor, New York,
New York 10019
“fund”
or “series”
– Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF
“Independent
Board Members”
– Board Members who are not interested persons (as defined
in the 1940 Act) of the fund, the investment advisor or the distributor
“Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm”
– Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New York,
New York, 10001
“Independent
Trustee Legal Counsel”
– K&L Gates LLP, 1601 K Street, NW, Washington, DC
20006
“IOPV”
– Indicative Optimized Portfolio Value
“Moody’s”
– Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., an NRSRO
“NRSRO”
– a nationally recognized statistical rating organization
“SEC”
– the Securities and Exchange Commission
“Shares”
– shares of beneficial interest registered under the 1933
Act
“Trust”
– DBX ETF Trust
“Underlying
Index”
– a specified benchmark index
“Unitary
Advisory Fee”
– fee payable to the Advisor for its services under the
Investment Advisory Agreement with the fund and the Advisor’s
commitment to pay substantially all expenses of the fund, including
the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other
services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the
Investment Advisory Agreement, interest expense, acquired fund
fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees
or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary
expenses
“Xtrackers
funds”
– the US registered investment companies advised by DBX
Fund
Organization
DBX
ETF Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on October
7, 2010 and is authorized to have multiple series or portfolios.
The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered
with the SEC under the 1940 Act. Additional information about
the Trust is set forth in Part
II under “Fund
Organization.”
On
August 11, 2014, db X-trackers MSCI Asia Pacific ex Japan Hedged
Equity Fund was renamed Deutsche X-trackers MSCI Asia Pacific
ex Japan Hedged Equity ETF. On October 2, 2017, Deutsche X-trackers
MSCI Asia Pacific ex Japan Hedged Equity ETF was renamed Xtrackers
MSCI Asia Pacific ex Japan Hedged Equity ETF. On February 22,
2019, Xtrackers MSCI Asia Pacific ex Japan Hedged Equity ETF
was renamed Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF.
Management
of the Fund
Board Members and
Officers’ Identification and Background
The
identification and background of the Board Members and officers
are set forth in Part II—Appendix
II-A.
Board Committees
and Compensation
Compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, for certain specified
periods is set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-C.
Information regarding the committees of the Board is set forth
in Part I—Appendix
I-B.
Board Member Share
Ownership and Control Persons
Information
concerning the ownership of fund shares by Board Members and
officers, as a group, as well as the dollar range value of each
Board Member’s share ownership in the fund and, on an aggregate
basis, in all Xtrackers funds overseen by them, by investors
who control the fund, if any, and by investors who own 5% or
more of fund shares, if any, is set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-A.
Portfolio Management
Information
regarding the fund’s portfolio managers, including other
accounts managed, compensation, ownership of fund shares and
possible conflicts of interest, is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-D
and Part II – Appendix
II-B.
Service Provider
Compensation
Compensation
paid by the fund for investment advisory services and other expenses
through the Unitary Advisory Fee is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-E. The service provider
compensation is not applicable to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period. Fee rates are included in Part
II – Appendix II-C.
Portfolio
Transactions, Brokerage Commissions and Securities
Lending Activities
Portfolio Turnover
The
portfolio turnover rates for the two most recent fiscal years
are set forth in Part I—Appendix
I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
Brokerage Commissions
Total
brokerage commissions paid by the fund for the three most recent
fiscal years are set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
The
fund's policy with respect to portfolio transactions and brokerage
is set forth under “Portfolio
Transactions”
in Part II
of this SAI.
Securities Lending
Activities
Information
regarding securities lending activities of the fund, if any,
during its most recent fiscal year is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-H.
Additional
information regarding securities lending in general is set forth
under “Lending
of Portfolio Securities”
in Part
II of this SAI.
Investments
Investments, Practices
and Techniques, and Risks
Part
I—Appendix
I-G
includes a list of the investments, practices and techniques,
and risks which the fund may employ (or be subject to) in pursuing
its investment objective.
Part II—Appendix
II-E includes a
description of these investments, practices and techniques, and
risks.
Investment
Restrictions
It
is possible that certain investment practices and/or techniques
may not be permissible for a fund based on its investment restrictions,
as described herein.
Diversification
Status. Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF
is classified as a diversified fund. The fund’s election to
be classified as diversified under the 1940 Act may not be changed
without the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities
(as defined herein) of the fund.
Currently,
under the 1940 Act, for a fund to be classified as a diversified
investment company, at least 75% of the value of the fund’s
total assets must be represented by cash and cash items (including
receivables), government securities, securities of other investment
companies, and securities of other issuers, which for the
purposes of this calculation are limited in respect of any one
issuer to an amount (valued at the time of investment) not greater
in value than 5% of the fund’s total assets and to not
more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
Fundamental Policies
The
following fundamental policies may not be changed without the
approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of
the fund which, under the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder and
as used in this SAI, means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the
voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of
more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the fund
are present or represented by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of
the outstanding voting securities of the fund.
As
a matter of fundamental policy, the fund may not do any of the
following:
(1)
concentrate
its investments (i.e., invest 25% or more of its total assets
in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries),
except that the fund will concentrate to the extent that its
underlying index concentrates in the securities of such particular
industry or group of industries. For purposes of this limitation,
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S.
government securities, and securities of state or municipal governments
and their political sub-divisions are not considered to be issued
by members of any industry;
(2)
borrow
money, except that (i) the fund may borrow from banks for temporary
or emergency (not leveraging) purposes, including the meeting
of redemption requests which might otherwise require the
untimely disposition of securities; and (ii) the fund may, to
the extent consistent with its investment policies, enter into
repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, forward
roll transactions and similar investment strategies and
techniques; to the extent that it engages in transactions described
in (i) and (ii), the fund will be limited so that no more than
33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount
borrowed) is derived from such transactions. Any borrowings
which come to exceed this amount will be reduced in accordance
with applicable law;
(3)
issue
any senior security, except as permitted under the 1940 Act,
as amended, and as interpreted, modified or otherwise permitted
by regulatory authority having jurisdiction, from time to time;
(4)
make
loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted,
modified or otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having
jurisdiction, from time to time;
(5)
purchase
or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership
of securities or other investments (but this restriction shall
not prevent the fund from investing in securities of companies
engaged in the real estate business or securities or other instruments
backed by real estate or mortgages), or commodities or commodity
contracts (but this restriction shall not prevent the fund from
trading in futures contracts and options on futures contracts,
including options on currencies to the extent consistent
with the fund’s investment objectives and policies); or
(6)
engage
in the business of underwriting securities issued by other persons
except, to the extent that the fund may technically be deemed
to be an underwriter under the 1933 Act, the disposing of portfolio
securities.
For
purposes of the concentration policy in investment restriction
(1), municipal securities with payments of principal or interest
backed by the revenue of a specific project are considered to
be issued by a member of the industry which includes such specific
project.
Under
the 1940 Act,
a
senior security does not include any promissory
note
or evidence of indebtedness where such loan is for temporary
purposes only and in an amount not
exceeding 5% of
the value of
the total assets of
a fund
at the
time
the loan is made
(a
loan is presumed to be for temporary purposes if it is repaid
within 60 days and is not extended or renewed).
Under
the 1940 Act, an investment company may only make loans if expressly
permitted by its investment policies.
Non-Fundamental
Policies
The
Board has adopted certain additional non-fundamental policies
and restrictions which are observed in the conduct of the fund’s
affairs. They differ from fundamental investment policies in
that they may be changed or amended by action of the Board without
requiring prior notice to, or approval of, the shareholders.
As
a matter of non-fundamental policy, the fund may not do any of
the following:
(1)
sell
securities short, unless the fund owns or has the right to obtain
securities equivalent in-kind and amount to the securities sold
short at no added cost, and provided that transactions in options,
futures contracts, options on futures contracts or other
derivative instruments are not deemed to constitute selling securities
short;
(2)
purchase
securities on margin, except that the fund may obtain such short-term
credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions; and
provided that margin deposits in connection with futures contracts,
options on futures contracts or other derivative instruments
shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin;
(3)
purchase
securities of open-end or closed-end investment companies except
in compliance with the 1940 Act;
(4)
invest
in direct interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration
programs or leases; however, the fund may invest in the securities
of issuers that engage in these activities; and
(5)
invest
in illiquid securities if, as a result of such investment, more
than 15% of the fund’s net assets would be invested in
illiquid securities.
If
any percentage restriction described above is complied with at
the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage
resulting from any change in value or total or net assets will
not constitute a violation of such restriction, except that fundamental
limitation (2) will be observed continuously in accordance with
applicable law.
For
purposes of non-fundamental policy (5), an illiquid security
is any investment that the fund reasonably expects cannot be
sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar
days without the sale or disposition significantly changing the
market value of the investment.
The
fund has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy such that
the fund may invest in shares of other open-end management investment
companies or unit investment trusts subject to the limitations
of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, including the rules, regulations
and exemptive orders obtained thereunder; provided, however,
that if the fund has knowledge that its Shares are purchased
by another investment company investor in reliance on the provisions
of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act,
the fund will not acquire any securities of other open-end management
investment companies or unit investment trusts in reliance on
the provisions of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1)
of the 1940 Act.
Taxes
Important
information concerning the tax consequences of an investment
in the fund is contained in Part II—
Appendix II-F.
Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, Reports to Shareholders
and Financial Statements
The
financial highlights of the fund included in its prospectus and
financial statements incorporated by reference into this SAI
have been so included or incorporated by reference in reliance
on the report of Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New
York, New York, 10001. Ernst & Young LLP is an independent
registered public accounting firm. The report is given on the
authority of the auditors of said firm. The independent registered
public accounting firm audits the financial statements of
the fund and provides other audit, tax and related services.
Shareholders will receive annual audited financial statements
and semi-annual unaudited financial statements.
The
financial statements, together with the report of the Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, financial
Additional
Information
For
information on exchange, CUSIP number and fund fiscal year end
information, see Part I—Appendix
I-I.
Part I:
Appendix I-A—Board
Member Share Ownership and Control Persons
Board Member Share
Ownership in the fund
The
following tables show the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each current Board Member in the
fund and in Xtrackers funds as of December 31, 2021.
Dollar Range of
Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Xtrackers
International Real Estate ETF |
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar
Range of Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Funds
Overseen by
Board
Member in the
Xtrackers
Funds |
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
The
dollar ranges are: None, $1 – $10,000, $10,001 – $50,000, $50,001 – $100,000, or over $100,000.
Ownership in Securities
of the Advisor and Related Companies
As
reported to the fund, the information in the table below reflects ownership by the current Independent Board Members
and their immediate family members of certain securities as of December 31, 2021.
An immediate family member can be a spouse, children residing
in the same household, including step and adoptive children, and any dependents.
The securities represent ownership in the Advisor or Distributor and any persons (other than a registered investment
company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Advisor or Distributor
(including Deutsche Bank AG and DWS Group).
|
Owner
and
Relationship
to
Board
Member |
|
|
Value
of
Securities
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
Percent
of
Class
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control Persons
and Principal Holders of Securities
As
of August 31, 2022,
all Board Members and officers owned, as a group, less than 1% of the outstanding shares of
the fund.
Although
the fund does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares held in the names of DTC
participants, the following table identifies those DTC participants who owned of record 5% or more of the fund’s shares
as of August 31, 2022:
Xtrackers International
Real Estate ETF
|
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
Part I:
Appendix I-B—Board
Committees and Meetings
Board Leadership,
Structure and Oversight Responsibilities
Board
Structure. The Board of the Xtrackers funds is responsible for
oversight of the funds, including oversight of the duties performed
by the Advisor for the funds under the investment advisory agreement (the “Investment
Advisory Agreement”).
The Board generally meets in regularly-scheduled meetings four times a year and may meet more often as
required.
Mr.
Byers serves as Chairperson
of the Board. The Board is comprised of Independent Board Members. The Independent Board
Members are advised by Independent Trustee Legal Counsel and are represented by such Independent Trustee Legal
Counsel at Board and committee meetings. The chairpersons
of the Audit Committee and Nominating Committee (each of which
consists solely of Independent Board Members) serve as liaisons between the Advisor and other service providers
and the other Independent Board Members. Each such chairperson
is an Independent Board Member.
The
Board regularly reviews its committee structure and membership and believes that its current structure is appropriate based
on the fact that the Independent Board Members constitute the Board, the role of the committee chairpersons
(who are Independent Board Members), the assets and number of
funds overseen by the Board Members, as well as the nature of
each fund’s business as an ETF, which is managed to track the performance of a specified index.
Risk
Oversight. The Xtrackers funds are subject to a number of risks,
including operational, investment and compliance risks. The Board,
directly and through its committees, as part of its oversight responsibilities, oversees the services provided
by the Advisor and the Trust’s other service providers in connection with the management and operations of
the funds, as well as their associated risks. Under the oversight of the Board, the Trust, the Advisor and other service
providers have adopted policies, procedures and controls to address these risks.
The
Board, directly and through its committees, receives and reviews information from the Advisor, other service providers,
the Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Independent Trustee Legal Counsel to assist it
in its oversight responsibilities. This information includes, but is not limited to, reports regarding the funds’ investments, including
fund performance and investment practices, valuation of fund portfolio securities, and compliance. The Board also
reviews, and must approve any proposed changes to, the funds’ investment objectives, policies and restrictions, and
reviews any areas of non-compliance with the funds’ investment policies and restrictions. The Audit Committee monitors
the Trust’s accounting policies, financial reporting and internal control system and reviews any internal audit reports
impacting the Trust. As part of its compliance oversight, the Board reviews the annual compliance report issued by
the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer on the policies and procedures of the Trust and its service providers, proposed changes
to the policies and procedures and quarterly reports on any material compliance issues that arose during the period.
Board
Committees. The Board has two standing committees, the Audit
Committee and the Nominating Committee, and has delegated certain
responsibilities to those committees.
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Audit Committee has the responsibility,
among
other things, to: (i) approve the
selection,
retention, termination and
compensation
of the Trust’s Independent
Registered
Public Accounting Firm; (ii) review
the
scope of the Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm’s audit activity; (iii)
review
the audited financial statements; and
(iv)
review with such Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm the adequacy and the
effectiveness
of the Trust’s internal controls. |
George
O. Elston
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and J. David Officer |
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Nominating Committee has the
responsibility,
among other things, to identify
and
recommend individuals for Board
membership,
and evaluate candidates for
Board
membership. The Board will consider
recommendations
for Board Members from
shareholders.
Nominations from shareholders
should
be in writing and sent to the Board, to
the
attention of the Chairperson of the
Nominating
Committee, as described in Part II
SAI
Appendix II-A under the caption
“Shareholder
Communications to the Board.”
|
J.
David Officer
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and George O. Elston |
Part I:
Appendix I-C—Board
Member Compensation
Each
Independent Board Member receives compensation for his or her services, which includes retainer fees and specified
amounts for various committee services and for the Board Chairperson.
No additional compensation is paid to any Independent Board Member
for travel time to meetings, attendance at directors’ educational seminars or conferences, service
on industry or association committees, participation as speakers at directors’ conferences or service on special fund
industry director task forces or subcommittees. Independent Board Members do not receive any employee benefits such
as pension or retirement benefits or health insurance from the fund or any fund in the Xtrackers fund complex.
Board
Members who are officers, directors, employees or stockholders of DBX or its affiliates receive no direct compensation from
the fund, although they are compensated as employees of DBX, or its affiliates, and as a result may be deemed to
participate in fees paid by the fund. The following table shows, for each current Independent Board Member, the aggregate
compensation from all of the funds in the Xtrackers fund complex during calendar year 2021.
Total Compensation
from Xtrackers Fund Complex
|
Total
Compensation from the
Xtrackers
Fund Complex(1)
|
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
For
each Independent Board Member, total compensation from the Xtrackers fund complex represents compensation from
35
funds as of December 31, 2021.
Each
Independent Board Member receives
an
annual retainer fee
of
$165,000. There are no additional fees for attendance at meetings
of the Board or committees, or for unscheduled telephonic meetings
or calls.
(2)
Includes
$35,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Byers as Chairperson
of the Xtrackers funds.
(3)
Includes
$25,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Elston as Chairperson
of the Audit Committee of the Xtrackers funds.
(4)
Includes
$10,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Officer as Chairperson
of the Nominating Committee of the Xtrackers
funds.
Part I:
Appendix I-D—Portfolio
Management
Fund Ownership
of Portfolio Managers
The
following table shows the dollar range of fund shares owned beneficially and of record by the portfolio management team,
including investments by their immediate family members sharing the same household and amounts invested through
retirement and deferred compensation plans. This information is provided as of the fund's most recent fiscal year
end.
Xtrackers International
Real Estate ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conflicts of Interest
In
addition to managing the assets of the fund, a portfolio manager may have responsibility for managing other client accounts
of the Advisor or its affiliates. The tables below show, per portfolio manager, the number and asset size of: (1)
SEC registered investment companies (or series thereof) other than the fund, (2) pooled investment vehicles that are
not registered investment companies and (3) other accounts (e.g., accounts managed for individuals or organizations) managed
by a portfolio manager. Total assets attributed to a portfolio manager in the tables below include total assets of
each account managed, although a portfolio manager may only manage a portion of such account’s assets. For a fund
subadvised by subadvisors unaffiliated with the Advisor, total assets of funds managed may only include assets allocated
to the portfolio manager and not the total assets of a fund managed. The tables also show the number of performance-based
fee accounts, as well as the total assets of the accounts for which the advisory fee is based on the
performance of the account. This information is provided as of the fund's most recent fiscal year end.
Xtrackers International
Real Estate ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers International
Real Estate ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers International
Real Estate ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In
addition to the accounts above, an investment professional may manage accounts in a personal capacity that may include
holdings that are similar to, or the same as, those of the fund. The Advisor or Subadvisor, as applicable, has in
place a Code of Ethics that is designed to address conflicts of interest and that, among other things, imposes restrictions
on the ability of portfolio managers and other “access
persons”
to invest in securities that may be recommended or traded in
the fund and other client accounts.
Part I:
Appendix I-E—Service
Provider Compensation
Under
the fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of the fund,
including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members,
legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement,
interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if
any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
Xtrackers International
Real Estate ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
following waiver is in effect:
The
Advisor has contractually agreed, through September 30, 2023,
to waive its fees and/or reimburse fund expenses to the extent
necessary to prevent the operating expenses of the fund (excluding interest expense, taxes, brokerage expenses,
distribution fees or expenses, litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses) from exceeding 0.10% of
the fund’s average daily net assets. This agreement may only be terminated by the fund’s Board (and may not be terminated
by the Advisor) prior to that time.
Part I:
Appendix I-F—Portfolio
Transactions and Brokerage Commissions
Variations
to the fund’s portfolio turnover rate may be due to, among other things, a fluctuating volume of shareholder purchase
and redemption orders, market conditions, and/or changes in the Advisor's investment outlook. The amount of
brokerage commissions paid by the fund may change from year to year because of, among other things, changing asset
levels, shareholder activity and/or portfolio turnover.
Portfolio Turnover
Rates
|
|
|
Xtrackers
International Real Estate ETF(1)
|
|
|
(1)
The increase in portfolio turnover rate from 2021 to 2022 is due mainly to client flows.
Brokerage Commissions
|
|
Brokerage
Commissions
Paid
by Fund |
Xtrackers
International Real Estate ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
The increase in brokerage commissions from 2021 to 2022
is principally due to higher portfolio turnover.
Brokerage Commissions
Paid to Affiliated Brokers
No
trades were effected for the accounts with broker dealers that are affiliated with the Advisor or Subadvisor, if applicable,
as of the end of its most recent fiscal year.
Listed
below are the regular brokers or dealers (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of the fund whose securities the
fund held as of the end of its most recent fiscal year and the dollar value of such securities.
Xtrackers International
Real Estate ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Transactions for
Research Services
No
transactions or related commissions were allocated to broker-dealer firms for research services.
Part I:
Appendix I-G—Investments,
Practices and Techniques, and Risks
Below
is a list of headings related to investments, practices and techniques, and risks which are further described in Appendix
II-E.
Xtrackers International
Real Estate ETF
Borrowing
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Russian
Securities
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Part I:
Appendix I-H—Securities
Lending Activities
Pursuant
to an agreement between the fund and BNYM, BNYM is responsible for the administration and management of
the fund’s securities lending program, including the negotiation of the terms and conditions of any securities loan, ensuring
that securities loans are properly coordinated and documented with the fund’s custodian, ensuring that loaned securities
are daily valued and that the corresponding required cash collateral is delivered by the borrower(s), arranging for
the investment of cash collateral and arranging for the return of loaned securities upon the termination of the loan.
The
dollar amounts of income and fees and compensation paid to all service providers related to the fund that participated in
securities lending activities during the most recent fiscal year were as follows:
Securities
Lending Activities – Income and Fees for Fiscal Year 2022
|
Xtrackers
International
Real
Estate
ETF
|
Gross
income from securities lending activities
(including income from cash collateral
reinvestment)
|
|
Fees
and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services |
Fees
paid to securities lending agent from a revenue split1
|
|
Fees
paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled
cash
collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split |
|
Administrative
fees not included in revenue split |
|
Indemnification
fee not included in revenue split |
|
Rebate
(paid to borrower) |
|
|
|
Other
fees not included in revenue split |
|
Aggregate
fees/compensation for securities lending activities and related services |
|
Net
income from securities lending activities |
|
1
Revenue split represents the share of revenue generated by the
securities lending program and paid to BNYM.
Part I:
Appendix I-I—Additional
Information
Fund
and its Fiscal Year End |
|
|
Xtrackers
International Real Estate ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Statement
of Additional Information
October
1, 2022
Xtrackers
MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield
Equity
ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
|
|
This
combined Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”)
is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the
prospectus for each fund dated October 1, 2022,
as supplemented, a copy of which may be obtained without charge
by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS); by visiting Xtrackers.com
(the Web site does not form a part of this SAI); or by
writing to the Trust’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc.
(the “Distributor”),
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203. This SAI is
incorporated by reference into the prospectus.
Portions
of the Annual Report to Shareholders of each fund are incorporated
herein by reference, and are hereby deemed to be part of this
SAI. Reports to Shareholders may also be obtained without charge
by calling the number provided in the preceding paragraph.
This
SAI is divided into two Parts—Part
I and Part II. Part I contains information that is specific to
each fund, while Part II contains information that generally
applies to each of the funds in the Xtrackers funds.
Statement of Additional Information
(SAI)—Part
I
|
|
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Detailed
Part II table of contents precedes page II-1 |
|
Definitions
“1933
Act”
– the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
“1934
Act”
– the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
“1940
Act”
– the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
“Administrator”
or “Custodian”
or “Transfer
Agent”
or “BNYM”
– The Bank of New York Mellon, 240 Greenwich Street, New
York, New York 10286
“Advisor”
or “DBX”
– DBX Advisors LLC, 875 Third Avenue, New York, New York
10022
“ALPS”
or “Distributor”
– ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver,
Colorado 80203
“Board”
– Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Board
Members”
– Members of the Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Business
Day”
– any day on which the Exchange on which the fund is listed
for trading is open for business
“Cash
Component”
– deposit of a specified cash payment
“Creation
Units”
– shares that have been aggregated into blocks
“Code”
– the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
“DTC”
– Depository Trust Company
“DWS”
– refers to the asset management activities conducted by
DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA or any of its subsidiaries, including
the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors
“DWS
Group”
– a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that
is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG.
“ETF”
– exchange-traded fund
“Exchange”
– NYSE Arca, Inc.
“Fitch”
– Fitch Ratings, an NRSRO
“Fund
Legal Counsel”
– Vedder Price P.C., 1633 Broadway, 31st Floor, New York,
New York 10019
“fund”
or “series”
– Xtrackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity
ETF, Xtrackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI Europe
Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity
ETF, Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity
ETF, Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
and
Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone
Hedged Equity ETF as the context may require
“Independent
Board Members”
– Board Members who are not interested persons (as defined
in the 1940 Act) of the fund, the investment advisor or the distributor
“Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm”
– Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New York,
New York, 10001
“Independent
Trustee Legal Counsel”
– K&L Gates LLP, 1601 K Street, NW, Washington, DC
20006
“IOPV”
– Indicative Optimized Portfolio Value
“Moody’s”
– Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., an NRSRO
“NRSRO”
– a nationally recognized statistical rating organization
“SEC”
– the Securities and Exchange Commission
“Shares”
– shares of beneficial interest registered under the 1933
Act
“Trust”
– DBX ETF Trust
“Underlying
Index”
– a specified benchmark index
“Unitary
Advisory Fee”
– fee payable to the Advisor for its services under the
Investment Advisory Agreement with each fund and the Advisor’s
commitment to pay substantially all expenses of each fund, including
the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other
services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the
Investment Advisory Agreement,
interest
expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses,
distribution fees or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and
other extraordinary expenses
“Xtrackers
funds”
– the US registered investment companies advised by DBX
Fund
Organization
DBX
ETF Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on October
7, 2010 and is authorized to have multiple series or portfolios.
The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered
with the SEC under the 1940 Act. Additional information about
the Trust is set forth in Part
II under “Fund
Organization.”
Effective
August 11, 2014, the Board of Trustees approved changes to the
names of each fund currently comprising the Trust. db X-trackers
MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity Fund was renamed Deutsche
X-trackers MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF; db X-trackers
MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity Fund was renamed Deutsche X-trackers
MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF; db X-trackers MSCI Germany Hedged
Equity Fund was renamed Deutsche X-trackers MSCI Germany Hedged
Equity ETF; db X-trackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity Fund was renamed
Deutsche X-trackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF; db X-trackers
MSCI Europe Hedged Equity Fund was renamed Deutsche X-trackers
MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF and db X-trackers MSCI All World
ex US Hedged Equity Fund was renamed Deutsche X-trackers MSCI
All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF.
Effective
October 2, 2017, the Board of Trustees approved changes to the
names of each fund currently comprising the Trust. Deutsche X-trackers
MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF was renamed Xtrackers
MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF; Deutsche X-trackers
MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF was renamed Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged
Equity ETF; Deutsche X-trackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF
was renamed Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity; Deutsche
X-trackers MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF was renamed Xtrackers
MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF; Deutsche X-trackers MSCI Europe
Hedged Equity ETF was renamed Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged Equity
ETF; Deutsche X-trackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
was renamed Deutsche X-trackers MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity
ETF; Deutsche X-trackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield
Hedged Equity ETF was renamed Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US
High Dividend Yield Hedged Equity ETF; Deutsche X-trackers MSCI
EAFE High Dividend Yield Hedged Equity ETF was
renamed
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Hedged Equity ETF
and Deutsche
X-trackers MSCI Eurozone High Dividend Yield Hedged Equity ETF
was renamed Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone High Dividend Yield Hedged
Equity ETF.
Effective
February 13, 2018, Xtrackers MSCI All World ex US High Dividend
Yield Hedged Equity ETF was renamed Xtrackers MSCI All World
ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF, and Xtrackers MSCI EAFE
High Dividend Yield Hedged Equity ETF was renamed Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF.
Management
of each Fund
Board Members and
Officers’ Identification and Background
The
identification and background of the Board Members and officers
are set forth in Part II—Appendix
II-A.
Board Committees
and Compensation
Compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, for certain specified
periods is set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-C.
Information regarding the committees of the Board is set forth
in Part I—Appendix
I-B.
Board Member Share
Ownership and Control Persons
Information
concerning the ownership of fund shares by Board Members and
officers, as a group, as well as the dollar range value of each
Board Member’s share ownership in each fund and, on an
aggregate basis, in all Xtrackers funds overseen by them, by
investors who control the fund, if any, and by investors who
own 5% or more of fund shares, if any, is set forth in Part
I—
Appendix I-A.
Portfolio Management
Information
regarding each fund’s portfolio managers, including other
accounts managed, compensation, ownership of fund shares and
possible conflicts of interest, is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-D
and Part II – Appendix
II-B.
Service Provider
Compensation
Compensation
paid by each fund for investment advisory services and other
expenses through the Unitary Advisory Fee is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-E. The service
provider
compensation is not applicable to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period. Fee rates are included in Part
II – Appendix II-C.
Portfolio
Transactions, Brokerage Commissions and Securities
Lending Activities
Portfolio Turnover
The
portfolio turnover rates for the two most recent fiscal years
are set forth in Part I—Appendix
I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
Brokerage Commissions
Total
brokerage commissions paid by each fund for the three most recent
fiscal years are set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
Each
fund's policy with respect to portfolio transactions and brokerage
is set forth under “Portfolio
Transactions”
in Part II
of this SAI.
Securities Lending
Activities
Information
regarding securities lending activities of each fund, if any,
during its most recent fiscal year is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-H.
Additional
information regarding securities lending in general is set forth
under “Lending
of Portfolio Securities”
in Part
II of this SAI.
Investments
Investments, Practices
and Techniques, and Risks
Part
I—Appendix
I-G
includes a list of the investments, practices and techniques,
and risks which each fund may employ (or be subject to) in pursuing
its investment objective.
Part II—Appendix
II-E includes a
description of these investments, practices and techniques, and
risks.
Investment
Restrictions
It
is possible that certain investment practices and/or techniques
may not be permissible for a fund based on its investment restrictions,
as described herein.
Diversification
Status. Xtrackers MSCI Germany Hedged Equity
ETF
is
classified as “non-diversified”
under the 1940 Act. A non-diversified fund is a fund that is
not limited by the 1940 Act with regard to the percentage of
its assets that may be invested in the securities of a single
issuer. The securities of a particular issuer (or securities
of issuers in particular industries) may dominate the underlying
index of such a fund and, consequently, the fund’s investment
portfolio. This may adversely affect the fund’s performance
or subject the fund’s shares to greater price volatility
than that experienced by more diversified investment companies.
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI All World
ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI Europe Hedged
Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE High
Dividend Yield Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI Emerging
Markets
Hedged Equity ETF, Xtrackers MSCI Japan
Hedged Equity ETF and Xtrackers MSCI
Eurozone Hedged
Equity ETF are classified as “diversified”
under the 1940 Act.
Currently,
under the 1940 Act, a “non-diversified”
investment company is a fund that is not “diversified,”
and for a fund to be classified as a “diversified”
investment company, at least 75% of the value of the fund’s
total assets must be represented by cash and cash items (including
receivables), government securities, securities of other investment
companies, and securities of other issuers, which for the purposes
of this calculation are limited in respect of any one issuer
to an amount (valued at the time of investment) not greater in
value than 5% of the fund’s total assets and to not more
than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
In reliance on no-action relief furnished by the SEC, each fund
may be diversified or non-diversified at any given time, based
on the composition of the index that the fund seeks to track.
Fundamental Policies
The
following fundamental policies may not be changed without the
approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of
a fund which, under the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder and
as used in this SAI, means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the
voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of
more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of a fund
are present or represented by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of
the outstanding voting securities of a fund.
As
a matter of fundamental policy, a fund may not do any of the
following:
(1)
concentrate
its investments (i.e., invest 25% or more of its total assets
in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries),
except that a fund will concentrate to the extent that its underlying
index concentrates in the securities of such particular industry
or group of industries. For purposes of this limitation, securities
of the U.S. government (including its agencies and instrumentalities),
repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. government securities,
and securities of state or municipal governments and their political
sub-divisions are not considered to be issued by members of any
industry;
(2)
borrow
money, except that (i) each fund may borrow from banks for temporary
or emergency (not leveraging) purposes, including the meeting
of redemption requests which might otherwise require the
untimely disposition of securities; and (ii) each fund may, to
the extent consistent with its investment policies, enter into
repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, forward
roll transactions and similar investment strategies and
techniques; to the extent that it engages in transactions described
in (i) and (ii), each fund will be limited so that no more than
33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount
borrowed) is derived from such transactions. Any borrowings
which come to exceed this amount will be reduced in accordance
with applicable law;
(3)
issue
any senior security, except as permitted under the 1940 Act,
as amended, and as interpreted, modified or otherwise permitted
by regulatory authority having jurisdiction, from time to time;
(4)
make
loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted,
modified or otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having
jurisdiction, from time to time;
(5)
purchase
or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership
of securities or other investments (but this restriction shall
not prevent each fund from investing in securities of companies
engaged in the real estate business or securities or
other instruments backed by real estate or mortgages), or commodities
or commodity contracts (but this restriction shall not prevent
each fund from trading in futures contracts and options on futures
contracts,
including options on currencies to the extent consistent with
each fund’s investment objectives and policies); or
(6)
engage
in the business of underwriting securities issued by other persons
except, to the extent that each fund may technically be deemed
to be an underwriter under the 1933 Act, the disposing of portfolio
securities.
For
purposes of the concentration policy in investment restriction
(1), municipal securities with payments of principal or interest
backed by the revenue of a specific project are considered to
be issued by a member of the industry which includes such specific
project.
Under
the 1940 Act,
a
senior security does not include any promissory
note
or evidence of indebtedness where such loan is for temporary
purposes only and in an amount not
exceeding 5% of
the value of
the total assets of
a fund
at the
time
the loan is made
(a
loan is presumed to be for temporary purposes if it is repaid
within 60 days and is not extended or renewed).
Under
the 1940 Act, an investment company may only make loans if expressly
permitted by its investment policies.
Non-Fundamental
Policies
The
Board has adopted certain additional non-fundamental policies
and restrictions which are observed in the conduct of a fund’s
affairs. They differ from fundamental investment policies in
that they may be changed or amended by action of the Board without
requiring prior notice to, or approval of, the shareholders.
As
a matter of non-fundamental policy, a fund may not do any of
the following:
(1)
sell
securities short, unless the fund owns or has the right to obtain
securities equivalent in-kind and amount to the securities sold
short at no added cost, and provided that transactions in options,
futures contracts, options on futures contracts or other
derivative instruments are not deemed to constitute selling securities
short;
(2)
purchase
securities on margin, except that the fund may obtain such short-term
credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions; and
provided that margin deposits in connection with futures
contracts,
options on futures contracts or other derivative instruments
shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin;
(3)
purchase
securities of open-end or closed-end investment companies except
in compliance with the 1940 Act;
(4)
invest
in direct interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration
programs or leases; however, the fund may invest in the securities
of issuers that engage in these activities; and
(5)
invest
in illiquid securities if, as a result of such investment, more
than 15% of the fund’s net assets would be invested in
illiquid securities.
If
any percentage restriction described above is complied with at
the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage
resulting from any change in value or total or net assets will
not constitute a violation of such restriction, except that fundamental
limitation (2) will be observed continuously in accordance with
applicable law.
For
purposes of non-fundamental policy (5), an illiquid security
is any investment that the fund reasonably expects cannot be
sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar
days without the sale or disposition significantly changing the
market value of the investment.
Each
fund has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy such that
each fund may invest in shares of other open-end management investment
companies or unit investment trusts subject to the limitations
of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, including the rules, regulations
and exemptive orders obtained thereunder; provided, however,
that if a fund has knowledge that its Shares are purchased by
another investment company investor in reliance on the provisions
of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act,
each fund will not acquire any securities of other open-end management
investment companies or unit investment trusts in reliance on
the provisions of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1)
of the 1940 Act.
Taxes
Important
information concerning the tax consequences of an investment
in each fund is contained in Part II—
Appendix II-F.
Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, Reports to Shareholders
and Financial Statements
The
financial highlights of each fund included in its prospectus
and financial statements incorporated by reference into this
SAI have been so included or incorporated by reference in reliance
on the report of Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New
York, New York, 10001. Ernst & Young LLP is an independent
registered public accounting firm. The report is given on the
authority of the auditors of said firm. The independent registered
public accounting firm audits the financial statements of
each fund and provides other audit, tax and related services.
Shareholders will receive annual audited financial statements
and semi-annual unaudited financial statements.
The
financial statements, together with the report of the Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, financial
Additional
Information
For
information on exchange, CUSIP number and fund fiscal year end
information, see Part I—Appendix
I-I.
Part I:
Appendix I-A—Board
Member Share Ownership and Control Persons
Board Member Share
Ownership in each fund
The
following tables show the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each current Board Member in each
fund and in Xtrackers funds as of December 31, 2021.
Dollar Range of
Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
Emerging
Markets
Hedged
Equity
ETF
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
EAFE
Hedged
Equity
ETF |
Xtrackers
MSCI
Germany
Hedged
Equity
ETF
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
Japan
Hedged
Equity
ETF
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
Europe
Hedged
Equity
ETF
|
Independent
Board
Member:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
All
World
ex
US
Hedged
Equity
ETF
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
All
World
ex
US
High
Dividend
Yield
Equity
ETF
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
EAFE
High
Dividend
Yield
Equity
ETF
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
Eurozone
Hedged
Equity
ETF
|
Independent
Board
Member:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar
Range of Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Funds
Overseen by
Board
Member in the
Xtrackers
Funds |
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
The
dollar ranges are: None, $1 – $10,000, $10,001 – $50,000, $50,001 – $100,000, or over $100,000.
Ownership in Securities
of the Advisor and Related Companies
As
reported to each fund, the information in the table below reflects ownership by the current Independent Board Members
and their immediate family members of certain securities as of December 31, 2021.
An immediate family member can be a spouse, children residing
in the same household, including step and adoptive children, and any
dependents.
The securities represent ownership in the Advisor or Distributor and any persons (other than a registered investment
company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Advisor or Distributor
(including Deutsche Bank AG and DWS Group).
|
Owner
and
Relationship
to
Board
Member |
|
|
Value
of
Securities
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
Percent
of
Class
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control Persons
and Principal Holders of Securities
As
of August 31, 2022,
all Board Members and officers owned, as a group, less than 1% of the outstanding shares of
a fund.
Although
the fund does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares held in the names of DTC
participants, the following table identifies those DTC participants who owned of record 5% or more of a fund’s shares
as of August 31, 2022:
Xtrackers MSCI
Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
TD
Ameritrade
4700
Alliance Gateway Freeway
Fort
Worth, TX 76177 |
|
National
Financial Services LLC
499
Washington Blvd.
Jersey
City, NJ 07310 |
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E. Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
American
Enterprise Investment Services
901
3rd Ave. South
Minneapolis,
MN 55474 |
|
UBS
Financial Services Inc.
1000
Harbour Blvd.
Weehawken,
NJ 07086 |
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Goldman
Sachs & Co. LLC
30
Hudson Street
Proxy
Department
Jersey
City, NJ 07302 |
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E. Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
National
Financial Services LLC
499
Washington Blvd.
Jersey
City, NJ 07310 |
|
|
|
Pershing
LLC
One
Pershing Plaza
Jersey
City, NJ 07399 |
|
Morgan
Stanley Smith Barney LLC
1300
Thames St., 6th Floor
Baltimore,
MD 21231 |
|
American
Enterprise Investment
Services
901
3rd Ave. South
Minneapolis,
MN 55474 |
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Germany Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
National
Financial Services LLC
499
Washington Blvd.Jersey City, NJ 07310 |
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E. Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC
500
Stanton Christiana Road, 2nd Fl.
Newark,
DE 19713-2107 |
|
Morgan
Stanley Smith Barney LLC
1300
Thames St., 6th Floor
Baltimore,
MD 21231 |
|
Merrill
Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc.
101
Hudson St.
Jersey
City, NJ 07302-3997 |
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Japan Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Morgan
Stanley Smith Barney LLC
1300
Thames St., 6th Floor
Baltimore,
MD 21231 |
|
J.P.
Morgan Chase Bank, NA
500
Stanton Christiana Road, 2nd Fl.
Newark,
DE 19713-2107 |
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E. Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
HSBC
Securities Inc.
452
Fifth Avenue
New
York, NY 10010 |
|
Vanguard
Fiduciary Trust Company
Attn
Outside Funds K14
P.O.
Box 2600
Valley
Forge, PA 19482-2600 |
|
|
|
Citibank,
N.A.
3800
Citibank Center
Building
B/1st Floor/Zone 8
Tampa,
FL 33610-9122 |
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Europe Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Morgan
Stanley Smith Barney LLC
1300
Thames St., 6th Floor
Baltimore,
MD 21231 |
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E. Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC
500
Stanton Christiana Road, 2nd Fl.
Newark,
DE 19713-2107 |
|
Goldman
Sachs & Co. LLC
30
Hudson Street
Proxy
Department
Jersey
City, NJ 07302 |
|
JP
Morgan Chase Bank, Nat’l Association
14201
Dallas Parkway
Dallas,
TX 75254 |
|
Interactive
Brokers
8
Greenwich Office Park
Greenwich,
CT 06831 |
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Merrill
Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc.
101
Hudson St.
Jersey
City, NJ 07302-3997 |
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E. Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
TD
Ameritrade
4700
Alliance Gateway Freeway
Fort
Worth, TX 76177 |
|
RBC
Capital Markets, LLC
60
S. 6th St – P09
Minneapolis,
MN 55402-4400 |
|
National
Financial Services LLC
499
Washington Blvd.
Jersey
City, NJ 07310 |
|
American
Enterprise Investment Services
901
3rd Ave. South
Minneapolis,
MN 55474 |
|
|
|
LPL
Financial Corporation
9785
Towne Centre Drive
San
Diego, CA 92121-1968 |
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
|
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423E.
Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC
500
Stanton Christiana Road, 2nd Fl.
Newark,
DE 19713-2107 |
|
Pershing
LLC
One
Pershing Plaza
Jersey
City, NJ 07399 |
|
Goldman
Sachs & Co. LLC
30
Hudson Street
Proxy
Department
Jersey
City, NJ 07302 |
|
E*TRADE
671
North Glebe Road
Arlington,
VA 22203 |
|
TD
Ameritrade
4700
Alliance Gateway Freeway
Fort
Worth, TX 76177 |
|
National
Financial Services LLC
499
Washington Blvd.
Jersey
City, NJ 07310 |
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
|
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E. Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
|
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E. Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
Morgan
Stanley Smith Barney LLC
1300
Thames Street, 6th Fl.
Baltimore,
MD 21231 |
|
Merrill
Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc.
101
Hudson St.
Jersey
City, NJ 07302-3997 |
|
|
|
J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC
500
Stanton Christiana Road, 2nd Fl.
Newark,
DE 19713-2107 |
|
National
Financial Services LLC
499
Washington Blvd.
Jersey
City, NJ 07310 |
|
Goldman
Sachs & Co. LLC
30
Hudson Street
Proxy
Department
Jersey
City, NJ 07302 |
|
Part
I: Appendix I-B—Board
Committees and Meetings
Board Leadership,
Structure and Oversight Responsibilities
Board
Structure. The Board of the Xtrackers funds is responsible for
oversight of the funds, including oversight of the duties performed
by the Advisor for the funds under the investment advisory agreement (the “Investment
Advisory Agreement”).
The Board generally meets in regularly-scheduled meetings four times a year and may meet more often as
required.
Mr.
Byers serves as Chairperson
of the Board. The Board is comprised of Independent Board Members. The Independent Board
Members are advised by Independent Trustee Legal Counsel and are represented by such Independent Trustee Legal
Counsel at Board and committee meetings. The chairpersons
of the Audit Committee and Nominating Committee (each of which
consists solely of Independent Board Members) serve as liaisons between the Advisor and other service providers
and the other Independent Board Members. Each such chairperson
is an Independent Board Member.
The
Board regularly reviews its committee structure and membership and believes that its current structure is appropriate based
on the fact that the Independent Board Members constitute the Board, the role of the committee chairpersons
(who are Independent Board Members), the assets and number of
funds overseen by the Board Members, as well as the nature of
each fund’s business as an ETF, which is managed to track the performance of a specified index.
Risk
Oversight. The Xtrackers funds are subject to a number of risks,
including operational, investment and compliance risks. The Board,
directly and through its committees, as part of its oversight responsibilities, oversees the services provided
by the Advisor and the Trust’s other service providers in connection with the management and operations of
the funds, as well as their associated risks. Under the oversight of the Board, the Trust, the Advisor and other service
providers have adopted policies, procedures and controls to address these risks.
The
Board, directly and through its committees, receives and reviews information from the Advisor, other service providers,
the Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Independent Trustee Legal Counsel to assist it
in its oversight responsibilities. This information includes, but is not limited to, reports regarding the funds’ investments, including
fund performance and investment practices, valuation of fund portfolio securities, and compliance. The Board also
reviews, and must approve any proposed changes to, the funds’ investment objectives, policies and restrictions, and
reviews any areas of non-compliance with the funds’ investment policies and restrictions. The Audit Committee monitors
the Trust’s accounting policies, financial reporting and internal control system and reviews any internal audit reports
impacting the Trust. As part of its compliance oversight, the Board reviews the annual compliance report issued by
the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer on the policies and procedures of the Trust and its service providers, proposed changes
to the policies and procedures and quarterly reports on any material compliance issues that arose during the period.
Board
Committees. The Board has two standing committees, the Audit
Committee and the Nominating Committee, and has delegated certain
responsibilities to those committees.
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Audit Committee has the responsibility,
among
other things, to: (i) approve the
selection,
retention, termination and
compensation
of the Trust’s Independent
Registered
Public Accounting Firm; (ii) review
the
scope of the Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm’s audit activity; (iii)
review
the audited financial statements; and
(iv)
review with such Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm the adequacy and the
effectiveness
of the Trust’s internal controls. |
George
O. Elston
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and J. David Officer |
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Nominating Committee has the
responsibility,
among other things, to identify
and
recommend individuals for Board
membership,
and evaluate candidates for
Board
membership. The Board will consider
recommendations
for Board Members from
shareholders.
Nominations from shareholders
should
be in writing and sent to the Board, to
the
attention of the Chairperson of the
Nominating
Committee, as described in Part II
SAI
Appendix II-A under the caption
“Shareholder
Communications to the Board.”
|
J.
David Officer
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and George O. Elston |
Part I:
Appendix I-C—Board
Member Compensation
Each
Independent Board Member receives compensation for his or her services, which includes retainer fees and specified
amounts for various committee services and for the Board Chairperson.
No additional compensation is paid to any Independent Board Member
for travel time to meetings, attendance at directors’ educational seminars or conferences, service
on industry or association committees, participation as speakers at directors’ conferences or service on special fund
industry director task forces or subcommittees. Independent Board Members do not receive any employee benefits such
as pension or retirement benefits or health insurance from a fund or any fund in the Xtrackers fund complex.
Board
Members who are officers, directors, employees or stockholders of DBX or its affiliates receive no direct compensation from
the fund, although they are compensated as employees of DBX, or its affiliates, and as a result may be deemed to
participate in fees paid by a fund. The following table shows, for each current Independent Board Member, the aggregate
compensation from all of the funds in the Xtrackers fund complex during calendar year 2021.
Total Compensation
from Xtrackers Fund Complex
|
Total
Compensation from the
Xtrackers
Fund Complex(1)
|
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
For
each Independent Board Member, total compensation from the Xtrackers fund complex represents compensation from
35
funds as of December 31, 2021.
Each
Independent Board Member receives
an
annual retainer fee
of
$165,000. There are no additional fees for attendance at meetings
of the Board or committees, or for unscheduled telephonic meetings
or calls.
(2)
Includes
$35,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Byers as Chairperson
of the Xtrackers funds.
(3)
Includes
$25,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Elston as Chairperson
of the Audit Committee of the Xtrackers funds.
(4)
Includes
$10,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Officer as Chairperson
of the Nominating Committee of the Xtrackers
funds.
Part I:
Appendix I-D—Portfolio
Management
Fund Ownership
of Portfolio Managers
The
following table shows the dollar range of fund shares owned beneficially and of record by the portfolio management team,
including investments by their immediate family members sharing the same household and amounts invested through
retirement and deferred compensation plans. This information is provided as of each fund's most recent fiscal year
end.
Xtrackers MSCI
Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Germany Hedged Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Japan Hedged Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Europe Hedged Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conflicts
of Interest
In
addition to managing the assets of each fund, a portfolio manager may have responsibility for managing other client accounts
of the Advisor or its affiliates. The tables below show, per portfolio manager, the number and asset size of: (1)
SEC registered investment companies (or series thereof) other than each fund, (2) pooled investment vehicles that
are not registered investment companies and (3) other accounts (e.g., accounts managed for individuals or organizations) managed
by a portfolio manager. Total assets attributed to a portfolio manager in the tables below include total assets
of
each account managed, although a portfolio manager may only manage a portion of such account’s assets. For a fund
subadvised by subadvisors unaffiliated with the Advisor, total assets of funds managed may only include assets allocated
to the portfolio manager and not the total assets of a fund managed. The tables also show the number of performance-based
fee accounts, as well as the total assets of the accounts for which the advisory fee is based on the
performance of the account. This information is provided as of each fund's most recent fiscal year end.
Xtrackers MSCI
Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Germany Hedged Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Japan Hedged Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Europe Hedged Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Germany Hedged Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Japan Hedged Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Europe Hedged Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Germany Hedged Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Japan Hedged Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Europe Hedged Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE
High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Eurozone Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In
addition to the accounts above, an investment professional may manage accounts in a personal capacity that may include
holdings that are similar to, or the same as, those of each fund. The Advisor or Subadvisor, as applicable, has in
place a Code of Ethics that is designed to address conflicts of interest and that, among other things, imposes restrictions
on the ability of portfolio managers and other “access
persons”
to invest in securities that may be recommended or traded in
each fund and other client accounts.
Part I:
Appendix I-E—Service
Provider Compensation
Under
each fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of the fund,
including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members,
legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement,
interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if
any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
Xtrackers MSCI
Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Germany Hedged Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Japan Hedged Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI Europe
Hedged Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Part
I: Appendix I-F—Portfolio
Transactions and Brokerage Commissions
Variations
to a fund’s portfolio turnover rate may be due to, among other things, a fluctuating volume of shareholder purchase
and redemption orders, market conditions, and/or changes in the Advisor's investment outlook. The amount of
brokerage commissions paid by a fund may change from year to year because of, among other things, changing asset
levels, shareholder activity and/or portfolio turnover.
Portfolio Turnover
Rates
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
Brokerage Commissions
|
|
Brokerage
Commissions
Paid
by Fund |
Xtrackers
MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity
ETF
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield
Equity
ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
Brokerage
Commissions
Paid
by Fund |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brokerage
Commissions Paid to Affiliated Brokers
No
trades were effected for the accounts with broker dealers that are affiliated with the Advisor or Subadvisor, if applicable,
as of the end of its most recent fiscal year.
Listed
below are the regular brokers or dealers (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of each fund whose securities each
fund held as of the end of its most recent fiscal year and the dollar value of such securities.
Xtrackers MSCI
Emerging Markets Hedged Equity ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Xtrackers MSCI
EAFE Hedged Equity ETF
Name
of Regular Broker or Dealer or Parent
(Issuer)
|
Securities
of Regular Broker Dealers |
Credit
Suisse Securities (USA) LLC |
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
Germany Hedged Equity ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Xtrackers MSCI
Japan Hedged Equity ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Xtrackers MSCI
Europe Hedged Equity ETF
Name
of Regular Broker or Dealer or Parent
(Issuer)
|
Securities
of Regular Broker Dealers |
|
|
Credit
Suisse Securities (USA) LLC |
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
Name
of Regular Broker or Dealer or Parent
(Issuer)
|
Securities
of Regular Broker Dealers |
Credit
Suisse Securities (USA) LLC |
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE
High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged
Equity ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Transactions for
Research Services
No
transactions or related commissions were allocated to broker-dealer firms for research services.
Part I:
Appendix I-G—Investments,
Practices and Techniques, and Risks
Below
is a list of headings related to investments, practices and techniques, and risks which are further described in Appendix
II-E.
Xtrackers MSCI Emerging
Markets Hedged Equity ETF
Borrowing
Chinese
Securities
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Russian
Securities
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE
Hedged Equity ETF
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers MSCI Germany
Hedged Equity ETF
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers MSCI Japan
Hedged Equity ETF
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers MSCI Europe
Hedged Equity ETF
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers MSCI All
World ex US Hedged Equity ETF
Borrowing
Chinese
Securities
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Russian
Securities
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers MSCI All
World ex US High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Borrowing
Chinese
Securities
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Russian
Securities
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers MSCI EAFE
High Dividend Yield Equity ETF
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers MSCI Eurozone
Hedged Equity ETF
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Part I:
Appendix I-H—Securities
Lending Activities
Pursuant
to an agreement between each fund and BNYM, BNYM is responsible for the administration and management of
each fund’s securities lending program, including the negotiation of the terms and conditions of any securities loan, ensuring
that securities loans are properly coordinated and documented with each fund’s custodian, ensuring that loaned
securities are daily valued and that the corresponding required cash collateral is delivered by the borrower(s), arranging
for the investment of cash collateral and arranging for the return of loaned securities upon the termination of
the loan.
The
dollar amounts of income and fees and compensation paid to all service providers related to the fund that participated in
securities lending activities during the most recent fiscal year were as follows:Securities
Lending Activities – Income and Fees for Fiscal Year 2022
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
Emerging
Markets
Hedged
Equity
ETF |
Xtrackers
MSCI
EAFE
Hedged
Equity
ETF |
Xtrackers
MSCI
Germany
Hedged
Equity
ETF |
Xtrackers
MSCI
Japan
Hedged
Equity
ETF |
Xtrackers
MSCI
Europe
Hedged
Equity
ETF |
Gross
income from securities lending
activities
(including income from cash
collateral
reinvestment) |
|
|
|
|
|
Fees
and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services |
Fees
paid to securities lending agent
from
a revenue split1
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees
paid for any cash collateral
management
service (including fees
deducted
from a pooled cash collateral
reinvestment
vehicle) that are not
included
in the revenue split |
|
|
|
|
|
Administrative
fees not included in
revenue
split |
|
|
|
|
|
Indemnification
fees not included in
revenue
split |
|
|
|
|
|
Rebate
(paid to borrower) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
fees not included in revenue split |
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate
fees/compensation for
securities
lending activities and related
services
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income from securities lending
activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
Revenue split represents the share of revenue generated by the
securities lending program and paid to BNYM.
Securities
Lending Activities – Income and Fees for Fiscal Year 2022
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
All
World
ex US
Hedged
Equity
ETF
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
All
World
ex
US
High
Dividend
Yield
Equity
ETF
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
EAFE
High
Dividend
Yield
Equity
ETF
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone
Hedged
Equity ETF |
Gross
income from securities lending
activities
(including income from cash
collateral
reinvestment) |
|
|
|
|
Fees
and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services |
Fees
paid to securities lending
agent
from a revenue split1
|
|
|
|
|
Fees
paid for any cash collateral
management
service (including fees
deducted
from a pooled cash
collateral
reinvestment vehicle) that
are
not included in the revenue split |
|
|
|
|
Administrative
fees not included in
revenue
split |
|
|
|
|
Indemnification
fees not included in
revenue
split |
|
|
|
|
Rebate
(paid to borrower) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
fees not included in revenue
split
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate
fees/compensation for
securities
lending activities and
related
services |
|
|
|
|
Net
income from securities lending
activities
|
|
|
|
|
1
Revenue split represents the share of revenue generated by the
securities lending program and paid to BNYM.
Part I:
Appendix I-I—Additional
Information
Fund
and its Fiscal Year End |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity
ETF
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield
Equity
ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Statement
of Additional Information
October
1, 2022
DBX
ETF TRUST
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF |
Cboe
BZX Exchange, Inc.: ESHY |
Xtrackers
Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF |
Cboe
BZX Exchange, Inc.: ESCR |
This
combined Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”)
is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the
prospectus for each fund dated October 1, 2022,
as supplemented, a copy of which may be obtained without charge
by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS); by visiting Xtrackers.com
(the Web site does not form a part of this SAI); or by
writing to the Trust’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc.
(the “Distributor”),
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203. This SAI is
incorporated by reference into the prospectus.
Portions
of the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders of each
fund are incorporated herein by reference, and are hereby deemed
to be part of this SAI. Reports to Shareholders may also be obtained
without charge by calling the number provided in the preceding
paragraph.
This
SAI is divided into two Parts—Part
I and Part II. Part I contains information that is specific to
each fund, while Part II contains information that generally
applies to each of the funds in the Xtrackers funds.
Statement of Additional Information
(SAI)—Part
I
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Detailed
Part II table of contents precedes page II-1 |
|
Definitions
“1933
Act”
– the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
“1934
Act”
– the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
“1940
Act”
– the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
“Administrator”
or “Custodian”
or “Transfer
Agent”
or “BNYM”
– The Bank of New York Mellon, 240 Greenwich Street, New
York, New York 10286
“Advisor”
or “DBX”
– DBX Advisors LLC, 875 Third Avenue, New York, New York
10022
“ALPS”
or “Distributor”
– ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver,
Colorado 80203
“Board”
– Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Board
Members”
– Members of the Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Business
Day”
– any day on which the Exchange on which the fund is listed
for trading is open for business
“Cash
Component”
– deposit of a specified cash payment
“Creation
Units”
– shares that have been aggregated into blocks
“Code”
– the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
“DTC”
– Depository Trust Company
“DWS”
– refers to the asset management activities conducted by
DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA or any of its subsidiaries, including
the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors
“DWS
Group”
– a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that
is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG.
“ETF”
– exchange-traded fund
“Exchange”
– Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.
“Fitch”
– Fitch Ratings, an NRSRO
“Fund
Legal Counsel”
– Vedder Price P.C., 1633 Broadway, 31st Floor, New York,
New York 10019
“fund”
or “series”
– Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond
ETF and/or Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate
ESG ETF as the context may require
“Independent
Board Members”
– Board Members who are not interested persons (as defined
in the 1940 Act) of the fund, the investment advisor or the distributor
“Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm”
– Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New York,
New York, 10001
“Independent
Trustee Legal Counsel”
– K&L Gates LLP, 1601 K Street, NW, Washington, DC
20006
“IOPV”
– Indicative Optimized Portfolio Value
“Moody’s”
– Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., an NRSRO
“NRSRO”
– a nationally recognized statistical rating organization
“SEC”
– the Securities and Exchange Commission
“Shares”
– shares of beneficial interest registered under the 1933
Act
“Trust”
– DBX ETF Trust
“Underlying
Index”
– a specified benchmark index
“Unitary
Advisory Fee”
– fee payable to the Advisor for its services under the
Investment Advisory Agreement with each fund and the Advisor’s
commitment to pay substantially all expenses of each fund, including
the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other
services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the
Investment Advisory Agreement, interest expense, acquired fund
fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees
or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary
expenses
“Xtrackers
funds”
– the US registered investment companies advised by DBX
Fund
Organization
DBX
ETF Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on October
7, 2010 and is authorized to have multiple series or portfolios.
The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered
with the SEC under the 1940 Act. Additional information about
the Trust is set forth in Part
II under “Fund
Organization.”
Effective
May 12, 2020, Xtrackers High Yield Corporate Bond – Interest
Rate Hedged ETF was renamed Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High
Yield Corporate Bond ETF. Effective May 12, 2020, Xtrackers Investment
Grade Bond – Interest Rate Hedged ETF was renamed Xtrackers
Bloomberg Barclays US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF.
Effective August 24, 2021, Xtrackers Bloomberg Barclays US Investment
Grade Corporate ESG ETF was renamed Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment
Grade Corporate ESG ETF.
Management
of each Fund
Board Members and
Officers’ Identification and Background
The
identification and background of the Board Members and officers
are set forth in Part II—Appendix
II-A.
Board Committees
and Compensation
Compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, for certain specified
periods is set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-C.
Information regarding the committees of the Board is set forth
in Part I—Appendix
I-B.
Board Member Share
Ownership and Control Persons
Information
concerning the ownership of fund shares by Board Members and
officers, as a group, as well as the dollar range value of each
Board Member’s share ownership in each fund and, on an
aggregate basis, in all Xtrackers funds overseen by them, by
investors who control the fund, if any, and by investors who
own 5% or more of fund shares, if any, is set forth in Part
I—
Appendix I-A.
Portfolio Management
Information
regarding each fund’s portfolio managers, including other
accounts managed, compensation, ownership of fund shares and
possible conflicts of interest, is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-D
and Part II – Appendix
II-B.
Service Provider
Compensation
Compensation
paid by each fund for investment advisory services and other
expenses through the Unitary Advisory Fee is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-E. The service provider
compensation is not applicable to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period. Fee rates are included in Part
II – Appendix II-C.
Portfolio
Transactions, Brokerage Commissions and Securities
Lending Activities
Portfolio Turnover
The
portfolio turnover rates for the two most recent fiscal years
are set forth in Part I—Appendix
I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
Brokerage Commissions
Total
brokerage commissions paid by each fund for the three most recent
fiscal years are set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
Each
fund's policy with respect to portfolio transactions and brokerage
is set forth under “Portfolio
Transactions”
in Part II
of this SAI.
Securities Lending
Activities
Information
regarding securities lending activities of each fund, if any,
during its most recent fiscal year is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-H.
Additional
information regarding securities lending in general is set forth
under “Lending
of Portfolio Securities”
in Part
II of this SAI.
Investments
Investments, Practices
and Techniques, and Risks
Part
I—Appendix
I-G
includes a list of the investments, practices and techniques,
and risks which each fund may employ (or be subject to) in pursuing
its investment objective.
Part II—Appendix
II-E includes a
description of these investments, practices and techniques, and
risks.
Investment
Restrictions
It
is possible that certain investment practices and/or techniques
may not be permissible for a fund based on its investment restrictions,
as described herein.
Diversification
Status. Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG USD High
Yield Corporate Bond ETF and Xtrackers Bloomberg US Investment
Grade Corporate ESG ETF are each classified as a diversified
fund. The fund’s election to be classified as diversified
under the 1940 Act may not be changed without the vote of a majority
of the outstanding voting securities (as defined herein) of the
fund.
Currently,
under the 1940 Act, for a fund to be classified as a diversified
investment company, at least 75% of the value of the fund’s
total assets must be represented by cash and cash items (including
receivables), government securities, securities of other investment
companies, and securities of other issuers, which for the
purposes of this calculation are limited in respect of any one
issuer to an amount (valued at the time of investment) not greater
in value than 5% of the fund’s total assets and to not
more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
Fundamental Policies
The
following fundamental policies may not be changed without the
approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of
a fund which, under the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder and
as used in this SAI, means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the
voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of
more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of a fund
are present or represented by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of
the outstanding voting securities of a fund.
As
a matter of fundamental policy, a fund may not do any of the
following:
(1)
concentrate
its investments (i.e., invest 25% or more of its total assets
in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries),
except that a fund will concentrate to the extent that its underlying
index concentrates in the securities of such particular industry
or group of industries. For purposes of this limitation, securities
of the U.S. government (including its agencies and instrumentalities),
repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. government securities,
and securities of state or municipal governments and their political
sub-divisions are not considered to be issued by members of any
industry;
(2)
borrow
money, except that (i) each fund may borrow from banks for temporary
or emergency (not leveraging) purposes, including the meeting
of redemption requests which might otherwise require the
untimely disposition of securities; and (ii) each fund may, to
the extent consistent with its investment policies, enter into
repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, forward
roll transactions and similar investment strategies and
techniques; to the extent that it engages in transactions described
in (i) and (ii), each fund will be limited so that no more than
33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount
borrowed) is derived from such transactions. Any borrowings
which come to exceed this amount will be reduced in accordance
with applicable law;
(3)
issue
any senior security, except as permitted under the 1940 Act,
as amended, and as interpreted, modified or otherwise permitted
by regulatory authority having jurisdiction, from time to time;
(4)
make
loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted,
modified or otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having
jurisdiction, from time to time;
(5)
purchase
or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership
of securities or other investments (but this restriction shall
not prevent each fund from investing in securities of companies
engaged in the real estate business or securities or
other instruments backed by real estate or mortgages), or commodities
or commodity contracts (but this restriction shall not prevent
each fund from trading in futures contracts and options on futures
contracts, including options on currencies to the extent
consistent with each fund’s investment objectives and policies);
or
(6)
engage
in the business of underwriting securities issued by other persons
except, to the extent that each fund may technically be deemed
to be an underwriter under the 1933 Act, the disposing of portfolio
securities.
For
purposes of the concentration policy in investment restriction
(1), municipal securities with payments of principal or interest
backed by the revenue of a specific project are considered to
be issued by a member of the industry which includes such specific
project.
Under
the 1940 Act,
a
senior security does not include any promissory
note
or evidence of indebtedness where such loan is for temporary
purposes only and in an amount not
exceeding 5% of
the value of
the total assets of
a fund
at the
time
the loan is made
(a
loan is presumed to be for temporary purposes if it is repaid
within 60 days and is not extended or renewed).
Under
the 1940 Act, an investment company may only make loans if expressly
permitted by its investment policies.
Non-Fundamental
Policies
The
Board has adopted certain additional non-fundamental policies
and restrictions which are observed in the conduct of a fund’s
affairs. They differ from fundamental investment policies in
that they may be changed or amended by action of the Board without
requiring prior notice to, or approval of, the shareholders.
As
a matter of non-fundamental policy, a fund may not do any of
the following:
(1)
sell
securities short, unless the fund owns or has the right to obtain
securities equivalent in-kind and amount to the securities sold
short at no added cost, and provided that transactions in options,
futures contracts, options on futures contracts or other
derivative instruments are not deemed to constitute selling securities
short;
(2)
purchase
securities on margin, except that the fund may obtain such short-term
credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions; and
provided that margin deposits in connection with futures contracts,
options on futures contracts or other derivative instruments
shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin;
(3)
purchase
securities of open-end or closed-end investment companies except
in compliance with the 1940 Act;
(4)
invest
in direct interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration
programs or leases; however, the fund may invest in the securities
of issuers that engage in these activities; and
(5)
invest
in illiquid securities if, as a result of such investment, more
than 15% of the fund’s net assets would be invested in
illiquid securities.
If
any percentage restriction described above is complied with at
the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage
resulting from any change in value or total or net assets will
not constitute a violation of such restriction, except that fundamental
limitation (2) will be observed continuously in accordance with
applicable law.
For
purposes of non-fundamental policy (5), an illiquid security
is any investment that the fund reasonably expects cannot be
sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar
days without the sale or disposition significantly changing the
market value of the investment.
Each
fund has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy such that
each fund may invest in shares of other open-end management investment
companies or unit investment trusts subject to the limitations
of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, including the rules, regulations
and exemptive orders obtained thereunder; provided, however,
that if a fund has knowledge that its Shares are purchased by
another investment company investor in reliance on the provisions
of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act,
each fund will not acquire any securities of other open-end management
investment companies or unit investment trusts in reliance on
the provisions of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1)
of the 1940 Act.
Taxes
Important
information concerning the tax consequences of an investment
in each fund is contained in Part II—
Appendix II-F.
Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, Reports to Shareholders
and Financial Statements
The
financial highlights of each fund included in its prospectus
and financial statements incorporated by reference into this
SAI have been so included or incorporated by reference in reliance
on the report of Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New
York, New York, 10001. Ernst & Young LLP is an independent
registered public accounting firm. The report is given on the
authority of the auditors of said firm. The independent registered
public accounting firm audits the financial statements of
each fund and provides other audit, tax and related services.
Shareholders will receive annual audited financial statements
and semi-annual unaudited financial statements.
The
financial statements, together with the report of the Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, financial
Additional
Information
For
information on exchange, CUSIP number and fund fiscal year end
information, see Part I—Appendix
I-I.
Part I:
Appendix I-A—Board
Member Share Ownership and Control Persons
Board Member Share
Ownership in each fund
The
following tables show the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each current Board Member in each
fund and in Xtrackers funds as of December 31, 2021.
Dollar Range of
Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Xtrackers
J.P.
Morgan
ESG
USD High Yield
Corporate
Bond ETF |
Xtrackers
Bloomberg
US
Investment Grade
Corporate
ESG ETF |
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar
Range of Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Funds
Overseen by
Board
Member in the
Xtrackers
Funds |
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
The
dollar ranges are: None, $1 – $10,000, $10,001 – $50,000, $50,001 – $100,000, or over $100,000.
Ownership in Securities
of the Advisor and Related Companies
As
reported to each fund, the information in the table below reflects ownership by the current Independent Board Members
and their immediate family members of certain securities as of December 31, 2021.
An immediate family member can be a spouse, children residing
in the same household, including step and adoptive children, and any dependents.
The securities represent ownership in the Advisor or Distributor and any persons (other than a registered investment
company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Advisor or Distributor
(including Deutsche Bank AG and DWS Group).
|
Owner
and
Relationship
to
Board
Member |
|
|
Value
of
Securities
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
Percent
of
Class
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control Persons
and Principal Holders of Securities
As
of August 31, 2022,
all Board Members and officers owned, as a group, less than 1% of the outstanding shares of
a fund.
Although
the fund does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares held in the names of DTC
participants, the following table identifies those DTC participants who owned of record 5% or more of a fund’s shares
as of August 31, 2022:
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan
ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
|
|
UBS
Securities LLC
1000
Harbour Blvd., 5th Fl.
Weehawken,
NJ 07086 |
|
TD
Ameritrade
4700
Alliance Gateway Freeway
Fort
Worth, TX 76177 |
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423E.
Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
Goldman
Sachs & Co. LLC
30
Hudson Street
Proxy
Department
Jersey
City, NJ 07302 |
|
Xtrackers Bloomberg
US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
|
|
UBS
Securities LLC
1000
Harbour Blvd., 5th Fl.
Weehawken,
NJ 07086 |
|
Goldman
Sachs & Co. LLC
30
Hudson Street
Proxy
Department
Jersey
City, NJ 07302 |
|
J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC
500
Stanton Christiana Road, 2nd Fl.
Newark,
DE 19713-2107 |
|
Part I:
Appendix I-B—Board
Committees and Meetings
Board Leadership,
Structure and Oversight Responsibilities
Board
Structure. The Board of the Xtrackers funds is responsible for
oversight of the funds, including oversight of the duties performed
by the Advisor for the funds under the investment advisory agreement (the “Investment
Advisory Agreement”).
The Board generally meets in regularly-scheduled meetings four times a year and may meet more often as
required.
Mr.
Byers serves as Chairperson
of the Board. The Board is comprised of Independent Board Members. The Independent Board
Members are advised by Independent Trustee Legal Counsel and are represented by such Independent Trustee Legal
Counsel at Board and committee meetings. The chairpersons
of the Audit Committee and Nominating Committee (each of which
consists solely of Independent Board Members) serve as liaisons between the Advisor and other service providers
and the other Independent Board Members. Each such chairperson
is an Independent Board Member.
The
Board regularly reviews its committee structure and membership and believes that its current structure is appropriate based
on the fact that the Independent Board Members constitute the Board, the role of the committee chairpersons
(who are Independent Board Members), the assets and number of
funds overseen by the Board Members, as well as the nature of
each fund’s business as an ETF, which is managed to track the performance of a specified index.
Risk
Oversight. The Xtrackers funds are subject to a number of risks,
including operational, investment and compliance risks. The Board,
directly and through its committees, as part of its oversight responsibilities, oversees the services provided
by the Advisor and the Trust’s other service providers in connection with the management and operations of
the funds, as well as their associated risks. Under the oversight of the Board, the Trust, the Advisor and other service
providers have adopted policies, procedures and controls to address these risks.
The
Board, directly and through its committees, receives and reviews information from the Advisor, other service providers,
the Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Independent Trustee Legal Counsel to assist it
in its oversight responsibilities. This information includes, but is not limited to, reports regarding the funds’ investments, including
fund performance and investment practices, valuation of fund portfolio securities, and compliance. The Board also
reviews, and must approve any proposed changes to, the funds’ investment objectives, policies and restrictions, and
reviews any areas of non-compliance with the funds’ investment policies and restrictions. The Audit Committee monitors
the Trust’s accounting policies, financial reporting and internal control system and reviews any internal audit reports
impacting the Trust. As part of its compliance oversight, the Board reviews the annual compliance report issued by
the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer on the policies and procedures of the Trust and its service providers, proposed changes
to the policies and procedures and quarterly reports on any material compliance issues that arose during the period.
Board
Committees. The Board has two standing committees, the Audit
Committee and the Nominating Committee, and has delegated certain
responsibilities to those committees.
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Audit Committee has the responsibility,
among
other things, to: (i) approve the
selection,
retention, termination and
compensation
of the Trust’s Independent
Registered
Public Accounting Firm; (ii) review
the
scope of the Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm’s audit activity; (iii)
review
the audited financial statements; and
(iv)
review with such Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm the adequacy and the
effectiveness
of the Trust’s internal controls. |
George
O. Elston
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and J. David Officer |
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Nominating Committee has the
responsibility,
among other things, to identify
and
recommend individuals for Board
membership,
and evaluate candidates for
Board
membership. The Board will consider
recommendations
for Board Members from
shareholders.
Nominations from shareholders
should
be in writing and sent to the Board, to
the
attention of the Chairperson of the
Nominating
Committee, as described in Part II
SAI
Appendix II-A under the caption
“Shareholder
Communications to the Board.”
|
J.
David Officer
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and George O. Elston |
Part I:
Appendix I-C—Board
Member Compensation
Each
Independent Board Member receives compensation for his or her services, which includes retainer fees and specified
amounts for various committee services and for the Board Chairperson.
No additional compensation is paid to any Independent Board Member
for travel time to meetings, attendance at directors’ educational seminars or conferences, service
on industry or association committees, participation as speakers at directors’ conferences or service on special fund
industry director task forces or subcommittees. Independent Board Members do not receive any employee benefits such
as pension or retirement benefits or health insurance from a fund or any fund in the Xtrackers fund complex.
Board
Members who are officers, directors, employees or stockholders of DBX or its affiliates receive no direct compensation from
the fund, although they are compensated as employees of DBX, or its affiliates, and as a result may be deemed to
participate in fees paid by a fund. The following table shows, for each current Independent Board Member, the aggregate
compensation from all of the funds in the Xtrackers fund complex during calendar year 2021.
Total Compensation
from Xtrackers Fund Complex
|
Total
Compensation from the
Xtrackers
Fund Complex(1)
|
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
For
each Independent Board Member, total compensation from the Xtrackers fund complex represents compensation from
35
funds as of December 31, 2021.
Each
Independent Board Member receives
an
annual retainer fee
of
$165,000. There are no additional fees for attendance at meetings
of the Board or committees, or for unscheduled telephonic meetings
or calls.
(2)
Includes
$35,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Byers as Chairperson
of the Xtrackers funds.
(3)
Includes
$25,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Elston as Chairperson
of the Audit Committee of the Xtrackers funds.
(4)
Includes
$10,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Officer as Chairperson
of the Nominating Committee of the Xtrackers
funds.
Part I:
Appendix I-D—Portfolio
Management
Fund Ownership
of Portfolio Managers
The
following table shows the dollar range of fund shares owned beneficially and of record by the portfolio management team,
including investments by their immediate family members sharing the same household and amounts invested through
retirement and deferred compensation plans. This information is provided as of each fund's most recent fiscal year
end.
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Bloomberg
US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conflicts of Interest
In
addition to managing the assets of each fund, a portfolio manager may have responsibility for managing other client accounts
of the Advisor or its affiliates. The tables below show, per portfolio manager, the number and asset size of: (1)
SEC registered investment companies (or series thereof) other than each fund, (2) pooled investment vehicles that
are not registered investment companies and (3) other accounts (e.g., accounts managed for individuals or organizations) managed
by a portfolio manager. Total assets attributed to a portfolio manager in the tables below include total assets of
each account managed, although a portfolio manager may only manage a portion of such account’s assets. For a fund
subadvised by subadvisors unaffiliated with the Advisor, total assets of funds managed may only include assets allocated
to the portfolio manager and not the total assets of a fund managed. The tables also show the number of performance-based
fee accounts, as well as the total assets of the accounts for which the advisory fee is based on the
performance of the account. This information is provided as of each fund's most recent fiscal year end.
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Bloomberg
US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Bloomberg
US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Bloomberg
US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In
addition to the accounts above, an investment professional may manage accounts in a personal capacity that may include
holdings that are similar to, or the same as, those of each fund. The Advisor or Subadvisor, as applicable, has in
place a Code of Ethics that is designed to address conflicts of interest and that, among other things, imposes restrictions
on the ability of portfolio managers and other “access
persons”
to invest in securities that may be recommended or traded in
each fund and other client accounts.
Part I:
Appendix I-E—Service
Provider Compensation
Under
each fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of the fund,
including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members,
legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement,
interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if
any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Bloomberg
US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
Effective May 12, 2020, the Advisor’s Unitary Advisory Fee rate was reduced from 0.35% to 0.20% of the fund’s average
daily net assets.
(2)
Effective May 12, 2020, the Advisor’s Unitary Advisory Fee rate was reduced from 0.25% to 0.15% of the fund’s average
daily net assets.
Part I:
Appendix I-F—Portfolio
Transactions and Brokerage Commissions
Variations
to a fund’s portfolio turnover rate may be due to, among other things, a fluctuating volume of shareholder purchase
and redemption orders, market conditions, and/or changes in the Advisor's investment outlook. The amount of
brokerage commissions paid by a fund may change from year to year because of, among other things, changing asset
levels, shareholder activity and/or portfolio turnover.
Portfolio Turnover
Rates
|
|
|
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF |
|
|
Brokerage
Commissions
|
|
Brokerage
Commissions
Paid
by Fund |
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate
Bond
ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate
ESG
ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brokerage Commissions
Paid to Affiliated Brokers
No
trades were effected for the accounts with broker dealers that are affiliated with the Advisor or Subadvisor, if applicable,
as of the end of its most recent fiscal year.
Listed
below are the regular brokers or dealers (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of each fund whose securities each
fund held as of the end of its most recent fiscal year and the dollar value of such securities.
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
Name
of Regular Broker or Dealer or Parent
(Issuer)
|
Securities
of Regular Broker Dealers |
|
|
Xtrackers Bloomberg
US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
Name
of Regular Broker or Dealer or Parent
(Issuer)
|
Securities
of Regular Broker Dealers |
|
|
CitiGroup
Global Markets Inc. |
|
|
|
J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC |
|
|
|
The
Bank of New York Mellon |
|
Transactions for
Research Services
No
transactions or related commissions were allocated to broker-dealer firms for research services.
Part I:
Appendix I-G—Investments,
Practices and Techniques, and Risks
Below
is a list of headings related to investments, practices and techniques, and risks which are further described in Appendix
II-E.
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan
ESG USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF
Adjustable
Rate Securities
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Fixed
Income Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short
Sales
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Tax
Risks
Xtrackers Bloomberg
US Investment Grade Corporate ESG ETF
Adjustable
Rate Securities
Borrowing
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Fixed
Income Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short
Sales
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Tax
Risks
Part I:
Appendix I-H—Securities
Lending Activities
Pursuant
to an agreement between each fund and BNYM, BNYM is responsible for the administration and management of
each fund’s securities lending program, including the negotiation of the terms and conditions of any securities loan, ensuring
that securities loans are properly coordinated and documented with each fund’s custodian, ensuring that loaned
securities are daily valued and that the corresponding required cash collateral is delivered by the borrower(s), arranging
for the investment of cash collateral and arranging for the return of loaned securities upon the termination of
the loan.
The
dollar amounts of income and fees and compensation paid to all service providers related to the fund that participated in
securities lending activities during the most recent fiscal year were as follows:
Securities
Lending Activities – Income and Fees for Fiscal Year 2022
|
Xtrackers
J.P.
Morgan
ESG
USD High Yield
Corporate
Bond ETF |
Xtrackers
Bloomberg
US
Investment
Grade
Corporate
ESG ETF |
Gross
income from securities lending activities
(including income from cash
collateral
reinvestment) |
|
|
Fees
and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services |
Fees
paid to securities lending agent from a revenue split1
|
|
|
Fees
paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees
deducted
from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not
included
in the revenue split |
|
|
Administrative
fees not included in revenue split |
|
|
Indemnification
fees not included in revenue split |
|
|
Rebate
(paid to borrower) |
|
|
|
|
|
Other
fees not included in revenue split |
|
|
Aggregate
fees/compensation for securities lending activities and related
services
|
|
|
Net
income from securities lending activities |
|
|
1
Revenue split represents the share of revenue generated by the securities lending program and paid to BNYM.
Part I:
Appendix I-I—Additional
Information
Fund
and its Fiscal Year End |
|
|
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate
Bond
ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate
ESG
ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Statement
of Additional Information
October
1, 2022
DBX
ETF TRUST
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF |
Cboe
BZX Exchange, Inc.: ESEB |
This
Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”)
is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with
the prospectus for the fund dated October 1, 2022,
as supplemented, a copy of which may be obtained without charge
by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS); by visiting Xtrackers.com
(the Web site does not form a part of this SAI); or by writing
to the Trust’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the
“Distributor”),
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203. This SAI is
incorporated by reference into the prospectus.
Portions
of the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders of the
fund are incorporated herein by reference, and are hereby deemed
to be part of this SAI. Reports to Shareholders may also be obtained
without charge by calling the number provided in the preceding
paragraph.
This
SAI is divided into two Parts—Part
I and Part II. Part I contains information that is specific to
the fund, while Part II contains information that generally applies
to each of the funds in the Xtrackers funds.
Statement of Additional Information
(SAI)—Part
I
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Detailed
Part II table of contents precedes page II-1 |
|
Definitions
“1933
Act”
– the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
“1934
Act”
– the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
“1940
Act”
– the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
“Administrator”
or “Custodian”
or “Transfer
Agent”
or “BNYM”
– The Bank of New York Mellon, 240 Greenwich Street, New
York, New York 10286
“Advisor”
or “DBX”
– DBX Advisors LLC, 875 Third Avenue, New York, New York
10022
“ALPS”
or “Distributor”
– ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver,
Colorado 80203
“Board”
– Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Board
Members”
– Members of the Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Business
Day”
– any day on which the Exchange on which the fund is listed
for trading is open for business
“Cash
Component”
– deposit of a specified cash payment
“Creation
Units”
– shares that have been aggregated into blocks
“Code”
– the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
“DTC”
– Depository Trust Company
“DWS”
– refers to the asset management activities conducted by
DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA or any of its subsidiaries, including
the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors
“DWS
Group”
– a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that
is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG.
“ETF”
– exchange-traded fund
“Exchange”
– Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.
“Fitch”
– Fitch Ratings, an NRSRO
“Fund
Legal Counsel”
– Vedder Price P.C., 1633 Broadway, 31st Floor, New York,
New York 10019
“fund”
or “series”
– Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign
ETF
“Independent
Board Members”
– Board Members who are not interested persons (as defined
in the 1940 Act) of the fund, the investment advisor or the distributor
“Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm”
– Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New York,
New York, 10001
“Independent
Trustee Legal Counsel”
– K&L Gates LLP, 1601 K Street, NW, Washington, DC
20006
“IOPV”
– Indicative Optimized Portfolio Value
“Moody’s”
– Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., an NRSRO
“NRSRO”
– a nationally recognized statistical rating organization
“SEC”
– the Securities and Exchange Commission
“Shares”
– shares of beneficial interest registered under the 1933
Act
“Trust”
– DBX ETF Trust
“Underlying
Index”
– a specified benchmark index
“Unitary
Advisory Fee”
– fee payable to the Advisor for its services under the
Investment Advisory Agreement with the fund and the Advisor’s
commitment to pay substantially all expenses of the fund, including
the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other
services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the
Investment Advisory Agreement, interest expense, acquired fund
fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees
or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary
expenses
“Xtrackers
funds”
– the US registered investment companies advised by DBX
Fund
Organization
DBX
ETF Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on October
7, 2010 and is authorized to have multiple series or portfolios.
The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered
with the SEC under the 1940 Act. Additional information about
the Trust is set forth in Part
II under “Fund
Organization.”
Effective
May 12, 2020, Xtrackers Emerging Markets Bond – Interest
Rate Hedged ETF was renamed Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging
Markets Sovereign ETF.
Management
of the Fund
Board Members and
Officers’ Identification and Background
The
identification and background of the Board Members and officers
are set forth in Part II—Appendix
II-A.
Board Committees
and Compensation
Compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, for certain specified
periods is set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-C.
Information regarding the committees of the Board is set forth
in Part I—Appendix
I-B.
Board Member Share
Ownership and Control Persons
Information
concerning the ownership of fund shares by Board Members and
officers, as a group, as well as the dollar range value of each
Board Member’s share ownership in the fund and, on an aggregate
basis, in all Xtrackers funds overseen by them, by investors
who control the fund, if any, and by investors who own 5% or
more of fund shares, if any, is set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-A.
Portfolio Management
Information
regarding the fund’s portfolio managers, including other
accounts managed, compensation, ownership of fund shares and
possible conflicts of interest, is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-D
and Part II – Appendix
II-B.
Service Provider
Compensation
Compensation
paid by the fund for investment advisory services and other expenses
through the Unitary Advisory Fee is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-E. The service provider
compensation is not applicable to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period. Fee rates are included in Part
II – Appendix II-C.
Portfolio
Transactions, Brokerage Commissions and Securities
Lending Activities
Portfolio Turnover
The
portfolio turnover rates for the two most recent fiscal years
are set forth in Part I—Appendix
I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
Brokerage Commissions
Total
brokerage commissions paid by the fund for the three most recent
fiscal years are set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
The
fund's policy with respect to portfolio transactions and brokerage
is set forth under “Portfolio
Transactions”
in Part II
of this SAI.
Securities Lending
Activities
Information
regarding securities lending activities of the fund, if any,
during its most recent fiscal year is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-H.
Additional
information regarding securities lending in general is set forth
under “Lending
of Portfolio Securities”
in Part
II of this SAI.
Investments
Investments, Practices
and Techniques, and Risks
Part
I—Appendix
I-G
includes a list of the investments, practices and techniques,
and risks which the fund may employ (or be subject to) in pursuing
its investment objective.
Part II—Appendix
II-E includes a
description of these investments, practices and techniques, and
risks.
Investment
Restrictions
It
is possible that certain investment practices and/or techniques
may not be permissible for a fund based on its investment restrictions,
as described herein.
Diversification
Status. Xtrackers J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging
Markets Sovereign ETF is classified as “non-diversified”
under the 1940 Act. A non-diversified fund is a fund that is
not limited by the 1940 Act with
regard
to the percentage of its assets that may be invested in the securities
of a single issuer. The securities of a particular issuer (or
securities of issuers in particular industries) may dominate
the underlying index of such a fund and, consequently, the fund’s
investment portfolio. This may adversely affect the fund’s
performance or subject the fund’s shares to greater price
volatility than that experienced by more diversified investment
companies.
Currently,
under the 1940 Act, a “non-diversified”
investment company is a fund that is not “diversified,”
and for a fund to be classified as a “diversified”
investment company, at least 75% of the value of the fund’s
total assets must be represented by cash and cash items (including
receivables), government securities, securities of other investment
companies, and securities of other issuers, which for the purposes
of this calculation are limited in respect of any one issuer
to an amount (valued at the time of investment) not greater in
value than 5% of the fund’s total assets and to not more
than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
Pursuant to certain SEC staff positions, if a non-diversified
fund’s investments are in fact “diversified”
under the 1940 Act for a period of three years, the fund may
be considered “diversified”
and may not be able to convert to a non-diversified fund without
the approval of shareholders.
Fundamental Policies
The
following fundamental policies may not be changed without the
approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of
the fund which, under the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder and
as used in this SAI, means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the
voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of
more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the fund
are present or represented by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of
the outstanding voting securities of the fund.
As
a matter of fundamental policy, the fund may not do any of the
following:
(1)
concentrate
its investments (i.e., invest 25% or more of its total assets
in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries),
except that the fund will concentrate to the extent that its
underlying index concentrates in the securities of such particular
industry or group of industries. For purposes of this limitation,
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S.
government securities, and securities of state or municipal
governments
and their political sub-divisions are not considered to be issued
by members of any industry;
(2)
borrow
money, except that (i) the fund may borrow from banks for temporary
or emergency (not leveraging) purposes, including the meeting
of redemption requests which might otherwise require the
untimely disposition of securities; and (ii) the fund may, to
the extent consistent with its investment policies, enter into
repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, forward
roll transactions and similar investment strategies and
techniques; to the extent that it engages in transactions described
in (i) and (ii), the fund will be limited so that no more than
33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount
borrowed) is derived from such transactions. Any borrowings
which come to exceed this amount will be reduced in accordance
with applicable law;
(3)
issue
any senior security, except as permitted under the 1940 Act,
as amended, and as interpreted, modified or otherwise permitted
by regulatory authority having jurisdiction, from time to time;
(4)
make
loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted,
modified or otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having
jurisdiction, from time to time;
(5)
purchase
or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership
of securities or other investments (but this restriction shall
not prevent the fund from investing in securities of companies
engaged in the real estate business or securities or other instruments
backed by real estate or mortgages), or commodities or commodity
contracts (but this restriction shall not prevent the fund from
trading in futures contracts and options on futures contracts,
including options on currencies to the extent consistent
with the fund’s investment objectives and policies); or
(6)
engage
in the business of underwriting securities issued by other persons
except, to the extent that the fund may technically be deemed
to be an underwriter under the 1933 Act, the disposing of portfolio
securities.
For
purposes of the concentration policy in investment restriction
(1), (a) municipal securities with payments of principal or interest
backed by the revenue of a specific
project
are considered to be issued by a member of the industry which
includes such specific project and (b) securities of non-US sovereign
entities are not considered to be issued by members of any industry.
Under
the 1940 Act,
a
senior security does not include any promissory
note
or evidence of indebtedness where such loan is for temporary
purposes only and in an amount not
exceeding 5% of
the value of
the total assets of
a fund
at the
time
the loan is made
(a
loan is presumed to be for temporary purposes if it is repaid
within 60 days and is not extended or renewed).
Under
the 1940 Act, an investment company may only make loans if expressly
permitted by its investment policies.
Non-Fundamental
Policies
The
Board has adopted certain additional non-fundamental policies
and restrictions which are observed in the conduct of the fund’s
affairs. They differ from fundamental investment policies in
that they may be changed or amended by action of the Board without
requiring prior notice to, or approval of, the shareholders.
As
a matter of non-fundamental policy, the fund may not do any of
the following:
(1)
sell
securities short, unless the fund owns or has the right to obtain
securities equivalent in-kind and amount to the securities sold
short at no added cost, and provided that transactions in options,
futures contracts, options on futures contracts or other
derivative instruments are not deemed to constitute selling securities
short;
(2)
purchase
securities on margin, except that the fund may obtain such short-term
credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions; and
provided that margin deposits in connection with futures contracts,
options on futures contracts or other derivative instruments
shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin;
(3)
purchase
securities of open-end or closed-end investment companies except
in compliance with the 1940 Act;
(4)
invest
in direct interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration
programs or leases; however, the fund may invest in the securities
of issuers that engage in these activities; and
(5)
invest
in illiquid securities if, as a result of such investment, more
than 15% of the fund’s net assets would be invested in
illiquid securities.
If
any percentage restriction described above is complied with at
the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage
resulting from any change in value or total or net assets will
not constitute a violation of such restriction, except that fundamental
limitation (2) will be observed continuously in accordance with
applicable law.
For
purposes of non-fundamental policy (5), an illiquid security
is any investment that the fund reasonably expects cannot be
sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar
days without the sale or disposition significantly changing the
market value of the investment.
The
fund has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy such that
the fund may invest in shares of other open-end management investment
companies or unit investment trusts subject to the limitations
of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, including the rules, regulations
and exemptive orders obtained thereunder; provided, however,
that if the fund has knowledge that its Shares are purchased
by another investment company investor in reliance on the provisions
of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act,
the fund will not acquire any securities of other open-end management
investment companies or unit investment trusts in reliance on
the provisions of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1)
of the 1940 Act.
Taxes
Important
information concerning the tax consequences of an investment
in the fund is contained in Part II—
Appendix II-F.
Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, Reports to Shareholders
and Financial Statements
The
financial highlights of the fund included in its prospectus and
financial statements incorporated by reference into this SAI
have been so included or incorporated by reference in reliance
on the report of Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New
York, New York, 10001. Ernst & Young LLP is an independent
registered public accounting firm. The report is given on the
authority of the auditors of said firm. The independent registered
public accounting firm audits the financial statements
of
the fund and provides other audit, tax and related services.
Shareholders will receive annual audited financial statements
and semi-annual unaudited financial statements.
The
financial statements, together with the report of the Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, financial
Additional
Information
For
information on exchange, CUSIP number and fund fiscal year end
information, see Part I—Appendix
I-I.
Part I:
Appendix I-A—Board
Member Share Ownership and Control Persons
Board Member Share
Ownership in the fund
The
following tables show the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each current Board Member in the
fund and in Xtrackers funds as of December 31, 2021.
Dollar Range of
Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets
Sovereign
ETF |
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar
Range of Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Funds
Overseen by
Board
Member in the
Xtrackers
Funds |
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
The
dollar ranges are: None, $1 – $10,000, $10,001 – $50,000, $50,001 – $100,000, or over $100,000.
Ownership in Securities
of the Advisor and Related Companies
As
reported to the fund, the information in the table below reflects ownership by the current Independent Board Members
and their immediate family members of certain securities as of December 31, 2021.
An immediate family member can be a spouse, children residing
in the same household, including step and adoptive children, and any dependents.
The securities represent ownership in the Advisor or Distributor and any persons (other than a registered investment
company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Advisor or Distributor
(including Deutsche Bank AG and DWS Group).
|
Owner
and
Relationship
to
Board
Member |
|
|
Value
of
Securities
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
Percent
of
Class
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control Persons
and Principal Holders of Securities
As
of August 31, 2022,
all Board Members and officers owned, as a group, less than 1% of the outstanding shares of
the fund.
Although
the fund does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares held in the names of DTC
participants, the following table identifies those DTC participants who owned of record 5% or more of the fund’s shares
as of August 31, 2022:
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan
ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
|
|
UBS
Securities LLC
1000
Harbour Blvd., 5th Fl.
Weehawken,
NJ 07086 |
|
Goldman
Sachs & Co. LLC
30
Hudson Street
Proxy
Department
Jersey
City, NJ 07302 |
|
Pershing
LLC
One
Pershing Plaza
Jersey
City, NJ 07399 |
|
LPL
Financial Corporation
9785
Towne Centre Drive
San
Diego, CA 92121-1968 |
|
Part I:
Appendix I-B—Board
Committees and Meetings
Board Leadership,
Structure and Oversight Responsibilities
Board
Structure. The Board of the Xtrackers funds is responsible for
oversight of the funds, including oversight of the duties performed
by the Advisor for the funds under the investment advisory agreement (the “Investment
Advisory Agreement”).
The Board generally meets in regularly-scheduled meetings four times a year and may meet more often as
required.
Mr.
Byers serves as Chairperson
of the Board. The Board is comprised of Independent Board Members. The Independent Board
Members are advised by Independent Trustee Legal Counsel and are represented by such Independent Trustee Legal
Counsel at Board and committee meetings. The chairpersons
of the Audit Committee and Nominating Committee (each of which
consists solely of Independent Board Members) serve as liaisons between the Advisor and other service providers
and the other Independent Board Members. Each such chairperson
is an Independent Board Member.
The
Board regularly reviews its committee structure and membership and believes that its current structure is appropriate based
on the fact that the Independent Board Members constitute the Board, the role of the committee chairpersons
(who are Independent Board Members), the assets and number of
funds overseen by the Board Members, as well as the nature of
each fund’s business as an ETF, which is managed to track the performance of a specified index.
Risk
Oversight. The Xtrackers funds are subject to a number of risks,
including operational, investment and compliance risks. The Board,
directly and through its committees, as part of its oversight responsibilities, oversees the services provided
by the Advisor and the Trust’s other service providers in connection with the management and operations of
the funds, as well as their associated risks. Under the oversight of the Board, the Trust, the Advisor and other service
providers have adopted policies, procedures and controls to address these risks.
The
Board, directly and through its committees, receives and reviews information from the Advisor, other service providers,
the Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Independent Trustee Legal Counsel to assist it
in its oversight responsibilities. This information includes, but is not limited to, reports regarding the funds’ investments, including
fund performance and investment practices, valuation of fund portfolio securities, and compliance. The Board also
reviews, and must approve any proposed changes to, the funds’ investment objectives, policies and restrictions, and
reviews any areas of non-compliance with the funds’ investment policies and restrictions. The Audit Committee monitors
the Trust’s accounting policies, financial reporting and internal control system and reviews any internal audit reports
impacting the Trust. As part of its compliance oversight, the Board reviews the annual compliance report issued by
the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer on the policies and procedures of the Trust and its service providers, proposed changes
to the policies and procedures and quarterly reports on any material compliance issues that arose during the period.
Board
Committees. The Board has two standing committees, the Audit
Committee and the Nominating Committee, and has delegated certain
responsibilities to those committees.
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Audit Committee has the responsibility,
among
other things, to: (i) approve the
selection,
retention, termination and
compensation
of the Trust’s Independent
Registered
Public Accounting Firm; (ii) review
the
scope of the Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm’s audit activity; (iii)
review
the audited financial statements; and
(iv)
review with such Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm the adequacy and the
effectiveness
of the Trust’s internal controls. |
George
O. Elston
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and J. David Officer |
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Nominating Committee has the
responsibility,
among other things, to identify
and
recommend individuals for Board
membership,
and evaluate candidates for
Board
membership. The Board will consider
recommendations
for Board Members from
shareholders.
Nominations from shareholders
should
be in writing and sent to the Board, to
the
attention of the Chairperson of the
Nominating
Committee, as described in Part II
SAI
Appendix II-A under the caption
“Shareholder
Communications to the Board.”
|
J.
David Officer
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and George O. Elston |
Part I:
Appendix I-C—Board
Member Compensation
Each
Independent Board Member receives compensation for his or her services, which includes retainer fees and specified
amounts for various committee services and for the Board Chairperson.
No additional compensation is paid to any Independent Board Member
for travel time to meetings, attendance at directors’ educational seminars or conferences, service
on industry or association committees, participation as speakers at directors’ conferences or service on special fund
industry director task forces or subcommittees. Independent Board Members do not receive any employee benefits such
as pension or retirement benefits or health insurance from the fund or any fund in the Xtrackers fund complex.
Board
Members who are officers, directors, employees or stockholders of DBX or its affiliates receive no direct compensation from
the fund, although they are compensated as employees of DBX, or its affiliates, and as a result may be deemed to
participate in fees paid by the fund. The following table shows, for each current Independent Board Member, the aggregate
compensation from all of the funds in the Xtrackers fund complex during calendar year 2021.
Total Compensation
from Xtrackers Fund Complex
|
Total
Compensation from the
Xtrackers
Fund Complex(1)
|
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
For
each Independent Board Member, total compensation from the Xtrackers fund complex represents compensation from
35
funds as of December 31, 2021.
Each
Independent Board Member receives
an
annual retainer fee
of
$165,000. There are no additional fees for attendance at meetings
of the Board or committees, or for unscheduled telephonic meetings
or calls.
(2)
Includes
$35,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Byers as Chairperson
of the Xtrackers funds.
(3)
Includes
$25,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Elston as Chairperson
of the Audit Committee of the Xtrackers funds.
(4)
Includes
$10,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Officer as Chairperson
of the Nominating Committee of the Xtrackers
funds.
Part I:
Appendix I-D—Portfolio
Management
Fund Ownership
of Portfolio Managers
The
following table shows the dollar range of fund shares owned beneficially and of record by the portfolio management team,
including investments by their immediate family members sharing the same household and amounts invested through
retirement and deferred compensation plans. This information is provided as of the fund's most recent fiscal year
end.
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conflicts of Interest
In
addition to managing the assets of the fund, a portfolio manager may have responsibility for managing other client accounts
of the Advisor or its affiliates. The tables below show, per portfolio manager, the number and asset size of: (1)
SEC registered investment companies (or series thereof) other than the fund, (2) pooled investment vehicles that are
not registered investment companies and (3) other accounts (e.g., accounts managed for individuals or organizations) managed
by a portfolio manager. Total assets attributed to a portfolio manager in the tables below include total assets of
each account managed, although a portfolio manager may only manage a portion of such account’s assets. For a fund
subadvised by subadvisors unaffiliated with the Advisor, total assets of funds managed may only include assets allocated
to the portfolio manager and not the total assets of a fund managed. The tables also show the number of performance-based
fee accounts, as well as the total assets of the accounts for which the advisory fee is based on the
performance of the account. This information is provided as of the fund's most recent fiscal year end.
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan
ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
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In
addition to the accounts above, an investment professional may manage accounts in a personal capacity that may include
holdings that are similar to, or the same as, those of the fund. The Advisor or Subadvisor, as applicable, has in
place a Code of Ethics that is designed to address conflicts of interest and that, among other things, imposes restrictions
on the ability of portfolio managers and other “access
persons”
to invest in securities that may be recommended or traded in
the fund and other client accounts.
Part I:
Appendix I-E—Service
Provider Compensation
Under
the fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of the fund,
including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members,
legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement,
interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if
any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
Effective May 12, 2020, the Advisor’s Unitary Advisory Fee rate was reduced from 0.45% to 0.35% of the fund’s average
daily net assets.
Part I:
Appendix I-F—Portfolio
Transactions and Brokerage Commissions
Variations
to the fund’s portfolio turnover rate may be due to, among other things, a fluctuating volume of shareholder purchase
and redemption orders, market conditions, and/or changes in the Advisor's investment outlook. The amount of
brokerage commissions paid by the fund may change from year to year because of, among other things, changing asset
levels, shareholder activity and/or portfolio turnover.
Portfolio Turnover
Rates
|
|
|
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF |
|
|
Brokerage Commissions
|
|
Brokerage
Commissions
Paid
by Fund |
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets
Sovereign
ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brokerage Commissions
Paid to Affiliated Brokers
No
trades were effected for the accounts with broker dealers that are affiliated with the Advisor or Subadvisor, if applicable,
as of the end of its most recent fiscal year.
Listed
below are the regular brokers or dealers (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of the fund whose securities the
fund held as of the end of its most recent fiscal year and the dollar value of such securities.
Xtrackers J.P.
Morgan ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Transactions for
Research Services
No
transactions or related commissions were allocated to broker-dealer firms for research services.
Part I:
Appendix I-G—Investments,
Practices and Techniques, and Risks
Below
is a list of headings related to investments, practices and techniques, and risks which are further described in Appendix
II-E.
Xtrackers J.P. Morgan
ESG Emerging Markets Sovereign ETF
Borrowing
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Fixed
Income Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Russian
Securities
Short
Sales
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Tax
Risks
Part I:
Appendix I-H—Securities
Lending Activities
Pursuant
to an agreement between the fund and BNYM, BNYM is responsible for the administration and management of
the fund’s securities lending program, including the negotiation of the terms and conditions of any securities loan, ensuring
that securities loans are properly coordinated and documented with the fund’s custodian, ensuring that loaned securities
are daily valued and that the corresponding required cash collateral is delivered by the borrower(s), arranging for
the investment of cash collateral and arranging for the return of loaned securities upon the termination of the loan.
The
dollar amounts of income and fees and compensation paid to all service providers related to the fund that participated in
securities lending activities during the most recent fiscal year were as follows:
Securities
Lending Activities – Income and Fees for Fiscal Year 2022
|
Xtrackers
J.P.
Morgan
ESG
Emerging
Markets
Sovereign
ETF |
Gross
income from securities lending activities
(including income from cash collateral reinvestment) |
|
Fees
and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services |
Fees
paid to securities lending agent from a revenue split(1)
|
|
Fees
paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash
collateral
reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split |
|
Administrative
fees not included in revenue split |
|
Indemnification
fees not included in revenue split |
|
Rebate
(paid to borrower) |
|
|
|
Other
fees not included in revenue split |
|
Aggregate
fees/compensation for securities lending activities and related services |
|
Net
income from securities lending activities |
|
(1)
Revenue split represents the share of revenue generated by the securities lending program and paid to BNYM.
Part I:
Appendix I-I—Additional
Information
Fund
and its Fiscal Year End |
|
|
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets
Sovereign
ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Statement
of Additional Information
October
1, 2022
DBX
ETF TRUST
Xtrackers
Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF |
|
This
Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”)
is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with
the prospectus for the fund dated October 1, 2022,
as supplemented, a copy of which may be obtained without charge
by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS); by visiting Xtrackers.com
(the Web site does not form a part of this SAI); or by writing
to the Trust’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the
“Distributor”),
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203. This SAI is
incorporated by reference into the prospectus.
Portions
of the Annual Report to Shareholders of the fund are incorporated
herein by reference, and are hereby deemed to be part of this
SAI. Reports to Shareholders may also be obtained without charge
by calling the number provided in the preceding paragraph.
This
SAI is divided into two Parts—Part
I and Part II. Part I contains information that is specific to
the fund, while Part II contains information that generally applies
to each of the funds in the Xtrackers funds.
Statement of Additional Information
(SAI)—Part
I
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Detailed
Part II table of contents precedes page II-1 |
|
Definitions
“1933
Act”
– the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
“1934
Act”
– the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
“1940
Act”
– the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
“Administrator”
or “Custodian”
or “Transfer
Agent”
or “BNYM”
– The Bank of New York Mellon, 240 Greenwich Street, New
York, New York 10286
“Advisor”
or “DBX”
– DBX Advisors LLC, 875 Third Avenue, New York, New York
10022
“ALPS”
or “Distributor”
– ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver,
Colorado 80203
“Board”
– Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Board
Members”
– Members of the Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Business
Day”
– any day on which the Exchange on which the fund is listed
for trading is open for business
“Cash
Component”
– deposit of a specified cash payment
“Creation
Units”
– shares that have been aggregated into blocks
“Code”
– the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
“DTC”
– Depository Trust Company
“DWS”
– refers to the asset management activities conducted by
DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA or any of its subsidiaries, including
the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors
“DWS
Group”
– a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that
is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG.
“ETF”
– exchange-traded fund
“Exchange”
– NYSE Arca, Inc.
“Fitch”
– Fitch Ratings, an NRSRO
“Fund
Legal Counsel”
– Vedder Price P.C., 1633 Broadway, 31st Floor, New York,
New York 10019
“fund”
or “series”
– Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
“Independent
Board Members”
– Board Members who are not interested persons (as defined
in the 1940 Act) of the fund, the investment advisor or the distributor
“Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm”
– Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New York,
New York, 10001
“Independent
Trustee Legal Counsel”
– K&L Gates LLP, 1601 K Street, NW, Washington, DC
20006
“IOPV”
– Indicative Optimized Portfolio Value
“Moody’s”
– Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., an NRSRO
“NRSRO”
– a nationally recognized statistical rating organization
“SEC”
– the Securities and Exchange Commission
“Shares”
– shares of beneficial interest registered under the 1933
Act
“Trust”
– DBX ETF Trust
“Underlying
Index”
– a specified benchmark index
“Unitary
Advisory Fee”
– fee payable to the Advisor for its services under the
Investment Advisory Agreement with the fund and the Advisor’s
commitment to pay substantially all expenses of the fund, including
the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other
services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the
Investment Advisory Agreement, interest expense, acquired fund
fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees
or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary
expenses
“Xtrackers
funds”
– the US registered investment companies advised by DBX
Fund
Organization
DBX
ETF Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on October
7, 2010 and is authorized to have multiple series or portfolios.
The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered
with the SEC under the 1940 Act. Additional information about
the Trust is set forth in Part
II under “Fund
Organization.”
Management
of the Fund
Board Members and
Officers’ Identification and Background
The
identification and background of the Board Members and officers
are set forth in Part II—Appendix
II-A.
Board Committees
and Compensation
Compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, for certain specified
periods is set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-C.
Information regarding the committees of the Board is set forth
in Part I—Appendix
I-B.
Board Member Share
Ownership and Control Persons
Information
concerning the ownership of fund shares by Board Members and
officers, as a group, as well as the dollar range value of each
Board Member’s share ownership in the fund and, on an aggregate
basis, in all Xtrackers funds overseen by them, by investors
who control the fund, if any, and by investors who own 5% or
more of fund shares, if any, is set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-A.
Portfolio Management
Information
regarding the fund’s portfolio managers, including other
accounts managed, compensation, ownership of fund shares and
possible conflicts of interest, is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-D
and Part II – Appendix
II-B.
Service Provider
Compensation
Compensation
paid by the fund for investment advisory services and other expenses
through the Unitary Advisory Fee is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-E. The service provider
compensation is not applicable to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period. Fee rates are included in Part
II – Appendix II-C.
Portfolio
Transactions, Brokerage Commissions and Securities
Lending Activities
Portfolio Turnover
The
portfolio turnover rates for the two most recent fiscal years
are set forth in Part I—Appendix
I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
Brokerage Commissions
Total
brokerage commissions paid by the fund for the three most recent
fiscal years are set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
The
fund's policy with respect to portfolio transactions and brokerage
is set forth under “Portfolio
Transactions”
in Part II
of this SAI.
Securities Lending
Activities
Information
regarding securities lending activities of the fund, if any,
during its most recent fiscal year is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-H.
Additional
information regarding securities lending in general is set forth
under “Lending
of Portfolio Securities”
in Part
II of this SAI.
Investments
Investments, Practices
and Techniques, and Risks
Part
I—Appendix
I-G
includes a list of the investments, practices and techniques,
and risks which the fund may employ (or be subject to) in pursuing
its investment objective.
Part II—Appendix
II-E includes a
description of these investments, practices and techniques, and
risks.
Investment
Restrictions
It
is possible that certain investment practices and/or techniques
may not be permissible for a fund based on its investment restrictions,
as described herein.
Diversification
Status. Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure Revenue
Bond ETF is classified as a diversified fund. The fund’s
election to be classified as diversified under the
1940
Act may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities (as defined herein) of the fund.
Currently,
under the 1940 Act, for a fund to be classified as a diversified
investment company, at least 75% of the value of the fund’s
total assets must be represented by cash and cash items (including
receivables), government securities, securities of other investment
companies, and securities of other issuers, which for the
purposes of this calculation are limited in respect of any one
issuer to an amount (valued at the time of investment) not greater
in value than 5% of the fund’s total assets and to not
more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
Fundamental Policies
The
following fundamental policies may not be changed without the
approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of
the fund which, under the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder and
as used in this SAI, means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the
voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of
more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the fund
are present or represented by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of
the outstanding voting securities of the fund.
As
a matter of fundamental policy, the fund may not do any of the
following:
(1)
concentrate
its investments (i.e., invest 25% or more of its total assets
in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries),
except that the fund will concentrate to the extent that its
underlying index concentrates in the securities of such particular
industry or group of industries. For purposes of this limitation,
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S.
government securities, and securities of state or municipal governments
and their political sub-divisions are not considered to be issued
by members of any industry;
(2)
borrow
money, except that (i) the fund may borrow from banks for temporary
or emergency (not leveraging) purposes, including the meeting
of redemption requests which might otherwise require the
untimely disposition of securities; and (ii) the fund may, to
the extent consistent with its investment policies, enter into
repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, forward
roll transactions and similar investment strategies
and
techniques; to the extent that it engages in transactions described
in (i) and (ii), the fund will be limited so that no more than
33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount
borrowed) is derived from such transactions. Any borrowings
which come to exceed this amount will be reduced in accordance
with applicable law;
(3)
issue
any senior security, except as permitted under the 1940 Act,
as amended, and as interpreted, modified or otherwise permitted
by regulatory authority having jurisdiction, from time to time;
(4)
make
loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted,
modified or otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having
jurisdiction, from time to time;
(5)
purchase
or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership
of securities or other investments (but this restriction shall
not prevent the fund from investing in securities of companies
engaged in the real estate business or securities or other instruments
backed by real estate or mortgages), or commodities or commodity
contracts (but this restriction shall not prevent the fund from
trading in futures contracts and options on futures contracts,
including options on currencies to the extent consistent
with the fund’s investment objectives and policies); or
(6)
engage
in the business of underwriting securities issued by other persons
except, to the extent that the fund may technically be deemed
to be an underwriter under the 1933 Act, the disposing of portfolio
securities.
For
purposes of the concentration policy in investment restriction
(1), municipal securities with payments of principal or interest
backed by the revenue of a specific project are considered to
be issued by a member of the industry which includes such specific
project.
Under
the 1940 Act,
a
senior security does not include any promissory
note
or evidence of indebtedness where such loan is for temporary
purposes only and in an amount not
exceeding 5% of
the value of
the total assets of
a fund
at the
time
the loan is made
(a
loan is presumed to be for temporary purposes if it is repaid
within 60 days and is not extended or renewed).
Under
the 1940 Act, an investment company may only make loans if expressly
permitted by its investment policies.
Under
normal circumstances, have at least 80% of its net assets, plus
the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, invested
in securities issued by municipalities across the United States
and its territories which are classified as “municipal
infrastructure revenue”
bonds based on the Underlying Index’s criteria, whose income
is free from regular federal income tax. The fund considers any
investments in municipal securities that pay interest subject
to the AMT as part of the 80% of the fund’s net assets
that must be invested in municipal securities.
Non-Fundamental
Policies
The
Board has adopted certain additional non-fundamental policies
and restrictions which are observed in the conduct of the fund’s
affairs. They differ from fundamental investment policies in
that they may be changed or amended by action of the Board without
requiring prior notice to, or approval of, the shareholders.
As
a matter of non-fundamental policy, the fund may not do any of
the following:
(1)
sell
securities short, unless the fund owns or has the right to obtain
securities equivalent in-kind and amount to the securities sold
short at no added cost, and provided that transactions in options,
futures contracts, options on futures contracts or other
derivative instruments are not deemed to constitute selling securities
short;
(2)
purchase
securities on margin, except that the fund may obtain such short-term
credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions; and
provided that margin deposits in connection with futures contracts,
options on futures contracts or other derivative instruments
shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin;
(3)
purchase
securities of open-end or closed-end investment companies except
in compliance with the 1940 Act;
(4)
invest
in direct interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration
programs or leases; however, the fund may invest in the securities
of issuers that engage in these activities; and
(5)
invest
in illiquid securities if, as a result of such investment, more
than 15% of the fund’s net assets would be invested in
illiquid securities.
If
any percentage restriction described above is complied with at
the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage
resulting from any change in value or total or net assets will
not constitute a violation of such restriction, except that fundamental
limitation (2) will be observed continuously in accordance with
applicable law.
For
purposes of non-fundamental policy (5), an illiquid security
is any investment that the fund reasonably expects cannot be
sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar
days without the sale or disposition significantly changing the
market value of the investment.
The
fund has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy such that
the fund may invest in shares of other open-end management investment
companies or unit investment trusts subject to the limitations
of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, including the rules, regulations
and exemptive orders obtained thereunder; provided, however,
that if the fund has knowledge that its Shares are purchased
by another investment company investor in reliance on the provisions
of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act,
the fund will not acquire any securities of other open-end management
investment companies or unit investment trusts in reliance on
the provisions of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1)
of the 1940 Act.
Taxes
Important
information concerning the tax consequences of an investment
in the fund is contained in Part II—
Appendix II-F.
Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, Reports to Shareholders
and Financial Statements
The
financial highlights of the fund included in its prospectus and
financial statements incorporated by reference into this SAI
have been so included or incorporated by reference in reliance
on the report of Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New
York, New York, 10001. Ernst & Young LLP is an independent
registered public accounting firm. The report is given on the
authority of the auditors of said firm. The independent registered
public accounting firm audits the financial statements
of
the fund and provides other audit, tax and related services.
Shareholders will receive annual audited financial statements
and semi-annual unaudited financial statements.
The
financial statements, together with the report of the Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, financial
Additional
Information
For
information on exchange, CUSIP number and fund fiscal year end
information, see Part I—Appendix
I-I.
Part I:
Appendix I-A—Board
Member Share Ownership and Control Persons
Board Member Share
Ownership in the fund
The
following tables show the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each current Board Member in the
fund and in Xtrackers funds as of December 31, 2021.
Dollar Range of
Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Xtrackers
Municipal
Infrastructure
Revenue
Bond
ETF |
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar
Range of Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Funds
Overseen by
Board
Member in the
Xtrackers
Funds |
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
The
dollar ranges are: None, $1 – $10,000, $10,001 – $50,000, $50,001 – $100,000, or over $100,000.
Ownership in Securities
of the Advisor and Related Companies
As
reported to the fund, the information in the table below reflects ownership by the current Independent Board Members
and their immediate family members of certain securities as of December 31, 2021.
An immediate family member can be a spouse, children residing
in the same household, including step and adoptive children, and any dependents.
The securities represent ownership in the Advisor or Distributor and any persons (other than a registered investment
company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Advisor or Distributor
(including Deutsche Bank AG and DWS Group).
|
Owner
and
Relationship
to
Board
Member |
|
|
Value
of
Securities
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
Percent
of
Class
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Control Persons
and Principal Holders of Securities
As
of August 31, 2022,
all Board Members and officers owned, as a group, less than 1% of the outstanding shares of
the fund.
Although
the fund does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares held in the names of DTC
participants, the following table identifies those DTC participants who owned of record 5% or more of the fund’s shares
as of August 31, 2022:
Xtrackers Municipal
Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
|
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423E
Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
TD
Ameritrade
4700
Alliance Gateway Freeway
Fort
Worth, TX 76177 |
|
Merrill
Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc.
101
Hudson St.
Jersey
City, NJ 07302-3997 |
|
Pershing
LLC
One
Pershing Plaza
Jersey
City, NJ 07399 |
|
National
Financial Services LLC
499
Washington Blvd.
Jersey
City, NJ 07310 |
|
Part I:
Appendix I-B—Board
Committees and Meetings
Board Leadership,
Structure and Oversight Responsibilities
Board
Structure. The Board of the Xtrackers funds is responsible for
oversight of the funds, including oversight of the duties performed
by the Advisor for the funds under the investment advisory agreement (the “Investment
Advisory Agreement”).
The Board generally meets in regularly-scheduled meetings four times a year and may meet more often as
required.
Mr.
Byers serves as Chairperson
of the Board. The Board is comprised of Independent Board Members. The Independent Board
Members are advised by Independent Trustee Legal Counsel and are represented by such Independent Trustee Legal
Counsel at Board and committee meetings. The chairpersons
of the Audit Committee and Nominating Committee (each of which
consists solely of Independent Board Members) serve as liaisons between the Advisor and other service providers
and the other Independent Board Members. Each such chairperson
is an Independent Board Member.
The
Board regularly reviews its committee structure and membership and believes that its current structure is appropriate based
on the fact that the Independent Board Members constitute the Board, the role of the committee chairpersons
(who are Independent Board Members), the assets and number of
funds overseen by the Board Members, as well as the nature of
each fund’s business as an ETF, which is managed to track the performance of a specified index.
Risk
Oversight. The Xtrackers funds are subject to a number of risks,
including operational, investment and compliance risks. The Board,
directly and through its committees, as part of its oversight responsibilities, oversees the services provided
by the Advisor and the Trust’s other service providers in connection with the management and operations of
the funds, as well as their associated risks. Under the oversight of the Board, the Trust, the Advisor and other service
providers have adopted policies, procedures and controls to address these risks.
The
Board, directly and through its committees, receives and reviews information from the Advisor, other service providers,
the Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Independent Trustee Legal Counsel to assist it
in its oversight responsibilities. This information includes, but is not limited to, reports regarding the funds’ investments, including
fund performance and investment practices, valuation of fund portfolio securities, and compliance. The Board also
reviews, and must approve any proposed changes to, the funds’ investment objectives, policies and restrictions, and
reviews any areas of non-compliance with the funds’ investment policies and restrictions. The Audit Committee monitors
the Trust’s accounting policies, financial reporting and internal control system and reviews any internal audit reports
impacting the Trust. As part of its compliance oversight, the Board reviews the annual compliance report issued by
the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer on the policies and procedures of the Trust and its service providers, proposed changes
to the policies and procedures and quarterly reports on any material compliance issues that arose during the period.
Board
Committees. The Board has two standing committees, the Audit
Committee and the Nominating Committee, and has delegated certain
responsibilities to those committees.
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Audit Committee has the responsibility,
among
other things, to: (i) approve the
selection,
retention, termination and
compensation
of the Trust’s Independent
Registered
Public Accounting Firm; (ii) review
the
scope of the Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm’s audit activity; (iii)
review
the audited financial statements; and
(iv)
review with such Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm the adequacy and the
effectiveness
of the Trust’s internal controls. |
George
O. Elston
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and J. David Officer |
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Nominating Committee has the
responsibility,
among other things, to identify
and
recommend individuals for Board
membership,
and evaluate candidates for
Board
membership. The Board will consider
recommendations
for Board Members from
shareholders.
Nominations from shareholders
should
be in writing and sent to the Board, to
the
attention of the Chairperson of the
Nominating
Committee, as described in Part II
SAI
Appendix II-A under the caption
“Shareholder
Communications to the Board.”
|
J.
David Officer
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and George O. Elston |
Part I:
Appendix I-C—Board
Member Compensation
Each
Independent Board Member receives compensation for his or her services, which includes retainer fees and specified
amounts for various committee services and for the Board Chairperson.
No additional compensation is paid to any Independent Board Member
for travel time to meetings, attendance at directors’ educational seminars or conferences, service
on industry or association committees, participation as speakers at directors’ conferences or service on special fund
industry director task forces or subcommittees. Independent Board Members do not receive any employee benefits such
as pension or retirement benefits or health insurance from the fund or any fund in the Xtrackers fund complex.
Board
Members who are officers, directors, employees or stockholders of DBX or its affiliates receive no direct compensation from
the fund, although they are compensated as employees of DBX, or its affiliates, and as a result may be deemed to
participate in fees paid by the fund. The following table shows, for each current Independent Board Member, the aggregate
compensation from all of the funds in the Xtrackers fund complex during calendar year 2021.
Total Compensation
from Xtrackers Fund Complex
|
Total
Compensation from the
Xtrackers
Fund Complex(1)
|
Independent
Board Member: |
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(1)
For
each Independent Board Member, total compensation from the Xtrackers fund complex represents compensation from
35
funds as of December 31, 2021.
Each
Independent Board Member receives
an
annual retainer fee
of
$165,000. There are no additional fees for attendance at meetings
of the Board or committees, or for unscheduled telephonic meetings
or calls.
(2)
Includes
$35,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Byers as Chairperson
of the Xtrackers funds.
(3)
Includes
$25,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Elston as Chairperson
of the Audit Committee of the Xtrackers funds.
(4)
Includes
$10,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Officer as Chairperson
of the Nominating Committee of the Xtrackers
funds.
Part I:
Appendix I-D—Portfolio
Management
Fund Ownership
of Portfolio Managers
The
following table shows the dollar range of fund shares owned beneficially and of record by the portfolio management team,
including investments by their immediate family members sharing the same household and amounts invested through
retirement and deferred compensation plans. This information is provided as of the fund's most recent fiscal year
end.
Xtrackers Municipal
Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
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Conflicts of Interest
In
addition to managing the assets of the fund, a portfolio manager may have responsibility for managing other client accounts
of the Advisor or its affiliates. The tables below show, per portfolio manager, the number and asset size of: (1)
SEC registered investment companies (or series thereof) other than the fund, (2) pooled investment vehicles that are
not registered investment companies and (3) other accounts (e.g., accounts managed for individuals or organizations) managed
by a portfolio manager. Total assets attributed to a portfolio manager in the tables below include total assets of
each account managed, although a portfolio manager may only manage a portion of such account’s assets. For a fund
subadvised by subadvisors unaffiliated with the Advisor, total assets of funds managed may only include assets allocated
to the portfolio manager and not the total assets of a fund managed. The tables also show the number of performance-based
fee accounts, as well as the total assets of the accounts for which the advisory fee is based on the
performance of the account. This information is provided as of the fund's most recent fiscal year end.
Xtrackers Municipal
Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
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Xtrackers Municipal
Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
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|
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|
Xtrackers Municipal
Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
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In
addition to the accounts above, an investment professional may manage accounts in a personal capacity that may include
holdings that are similar to, or the same as, those of the fund. The Advisor or Subadvisor, as applicable, has in
place a Code of Ethics that is designed to address conflicts of interest and that, among other things, imposes restrictions
on the ability of portfolio managers and other “access
persons”
to invest in securities that may be recommended or traded in
the fund and other client accounts.
Part I:
Appendix I-E—Service
Provider Compensation
Under
the fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of the fund,
including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members,
legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement,
interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if
any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
Xtrackers Municipal
Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
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Part I:
Appendix I-F—Portfolio
Transactions and Brokerage Commissions
Variations
to the fund’s portfolio turnover rate may be due to, among other things, a fluctuating volume of shareholder purchase
and redemption orders, market conditions, and/or changes in the Advisor's investment outlook. The amount of
brokerage commissions paid by the fund may change from year to year because of, among other things, changing asset
levels, shareholder activity and/or portfolio turnover.
Portfolio Turnover
Rates
|
|
|
Xtrackers
Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF(1)
|
|
|
(1)
The increase in portfolio turnover rate from 2021 to 2022 is due mainly to an update to the index inclusion rules.
Brokerage Commissions
|
|
Brokerage
Commissions
Paid
by Fund |
Xtrackers
Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brokerage Commissions
Paid to Affiliated Brokers
No
trades were effected for the accounts with broker dealers that are affiliated with the Advisor or Subadvisor, if applicable,
as of the end of its most recent fiscal year.
Listed
below are the regular brokers or dealers (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of the fund whose securities the
fund held as of the end of its most recent fiscal year and the dollar value of such securities.
Xtrackers Municipal
Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Transactions for
Research Services
No
transactions or related commissions were allocated to broker-dealer firms for research services.
Part I:
Appendix I-G—Investments,
Practices and Techniques, and Risks
Below
is a list of headings related to investments, practices and techniques, and risks which are further described in Appendix
II-E.
Xtrackers Municipal
Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Fixed
Income Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Municipal
Securities Risk
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Tax
Risks
When-Issued
and Delayed-Delivery Securities
Part I:
Appendix I-H—Securities
Lending Activities
Pursuant
to an agreement between the fund and BNYM, BNYM is responsible for the administration and management of
the fund’s securities lending program, including the negotiation of the terms and conditions of any securities loan, ensuring
that securities loans are properly coordinated and documented with the fund’s custodian, ensuring that loaned securities
are daily valued and that the corresponding required cash collateral is delivered by the borrower(s), arranging for
the investment of cash collateral and arranging for the return of loaned securities upon the termination of the loan.
The
dollar amounts of income and fees and compensation paid to all service providers related to the fund that participated in
securities lending activities during the most recent fiscal year were as follows:
Xtrackers Municipal
Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF
The
fund had no securities lending activity during its most recent fiscal year.
Part I:
Appendix I-I—Additional
Information
Fund
and its Fiscal Year End |
|
|
Xtrackers
Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Statement
of Additional Information
October
1, 2022
DBX
ETF TRUST
Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All China Equity ETF |
|
This
combined Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”)
is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the
prospectus for each fund dated October 1, 2022,
as supplemented, a copy of which may be obtained without charge
by calling 1-855-329-3837 (1-855-DBX-ETFS); by visiting Xtrackers.com
(the Web site does not form a part of this SAI); or by
writing to the Trust’s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc.
(the “Distributor”),
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203. This SAI is
incorporated by reference into the prospectus.
Portions
of the Annual Report to Shareholders of each fund are incorporated
herein by reference, and are hereby deemed to be part of this
SAI. Reports to Shareholders may also be obtained without charge
by calling the number provided in the preceding paragraph.
This
SAI is divided into two Parts—Part
I and Part II. Part I contains information that is specific to
each fund, while Part II contains information that generally
applies to each of the funds in the Xtrackers funds.
Statement of Additional Information
(SAI)—Part
I
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Detailed
Part II table of contents precedes page II-1 |
|
Definitions
“1933
Act”
– the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
“1934
Act”
– the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
“1940
Act”
– the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
“Administrator”
or “Custodian”
or “Transfer
Agent”
or “BNYM”
– The Bank of New York Mellon, 240 Greenwich Street, New
York, New York 10286
“Advisor”
or “DBX”
– DBX Advisors LLC, 875 Third Avenue, New York, New York
10022
“ALPS”
or “Distributor”
– ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver,
Colorado 80203
“Board”
– Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Board
Members”
– Members of the Board of Trustees of the Trust
“Business
Day”
– any day on which the Exchange on which the fund is listed
for trading is open for business
“Cash
Component”
– deposit of a specified cash payment
“Creation
Units”
– shares that have been aggregated into blocks
“Code”
– the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
“DTC”
– Depository Trust Company
“DWS”
– refers to the asset management activities conducted by
DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA or any of its subsidiaries, including
the Advisor and other affiliated investment advisors
“Subadvisor”
or “HGI”
– Harvest Global Investments Limited, 31/F One Exchange
Square, 8 Connaught Place, Central, Hong Kong
“DWS
Group”
– a separate, publicly-listed financial services firm that
is an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG.
“ETF”
– exchange-traded fund
“Exchange”
– NYSE Arca, Inc.
“Fitch”
– Fitch Ratings, an NRSRO
“Fund
Legal Counsel”
– Vedder Price P.C., 1633 Broadway, 31st Floor, New York,
New York 10019
“fund”
or “series”
– Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF, Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF, Xtrackers MSCI
China A Inclusion Equity ETF and/or Xtrackers MSCI All China
Equity ETF as the context may require
“Independent
Board Members”
– Board Members who are not interested persons (as defined
in the 1940 Act) of the fund, the investment advisor or the distributor
“Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm”
– Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New York,
New York, 10001
“Independent
Trustee Legal Counsel”
– K&L Gates LLP, 1601 K Street, NW, Washington, DC
20006
“IOPV”
– Indicative Optimized Portfolio Value
“Moody’s”
– Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., an NRSRO
“NRSRO”
– a nationally recognized statistical rating organization
“SEC”
– the Securities and Exchange Commission
“Shares”
– shares of beneficial interest registered under the 1933
Act
“Trust”
– DBX ETF Trust
“Underlying
Index”
– a specified benchmark index
“Unitary
Advisory Fee”
– fee payable to the Advisor for its services under the
Investment Advisory Agreement with each fund and the Advisor’s
commitment to pay substantially all expenses of each fund, including
the payments to the subadvisor (as applicable), the cost of transfer
agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the
Independent Board Members, legal, audit and other services, except
for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory
Agreement,
interest
expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses,
distribution fees or expenses (if any), litigation expenses and
other extraordinary expenses
“Xtrackers
funds”
– the US registered investment companies advised by DBX
Fund
Organization
DBX
ETF Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on October
7, 2010 and is authorized to have multiple series or portfolios.
The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered
with the SEC under the 1940 Act.
Effective
August 11, 2014, the Board of Trustees approved changes to the
names of each fund currently comprising the Trust. db X-trackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF was renamed Deutsche X-trackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF; db X-trackers Harvest CSI
500 China A-Shares Small Cap Fund was renamed Deutsche X-trackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF and db X-trackers Harvest
MSCI All China Equity Fund was renamed Deutsche X-trackers MSCI
All China Equity ETF.
Effective
October 2, 2017, the Board of Trustees approved changes to the
names of each fund currently comprising the Trust. Deutsche X-trackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF was renamed Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF; Deutsche X-trackers Harvest CSI 500
China A-Shares Small Cap ETF was renamed Xtrackers Harvest CSI
500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF; Deutsche X-trackers CSI 300
China A-Shares Hedged Equity ETF was renamed Xtrackers CSI 300
China A-Shares Hedged Equity ETF; and Deutsche X-trackers MSCI
All China Equity ETF was renamed Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity
ETF.
Effective
June 1, 2018, Xtrackers CSI 300 China A-Shares Hedged Equity
ETF was renamed Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF.
Management
of each Fund
Board Members and
Officers’ Identification and Background
The
identification and background of the Board Members and officers
are set forth in Part II—Appendix
II-A.
Board Committees
and Compensation
Compensation
paid to the Independent Board Members, for certain specified
periods is set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-C.
Information regarding the committees of the Board is set forth
in Part I—Appendix
I-B.
Board Member Share
Ownership and Control Persons
Information
concerning the ownership of fund shares by Board Members and
officers, as a group, as well as the dollar range value of each
Board Member’s share ownership in each fund and, on an
aggregate basis, in all Xtrackers funds overseen by them, by
investors who control the fund, if any, and by investors who
own 5% or more of fund shares, if any, is set forth in Part
I—
Appendix I-A.
Portfolio Management
Information
regarding each fund’s portfolio managers, including other
accounts managed, compensation, ownership of fund shares and
possible conflicts of interest, is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-D
and Part II – Appendix
II-B.
Service Provider
Compensation
Compensation
paid by each fund for investment advisory services and other
expenses through the Unitary Advisory Fee is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-E. The service provider
compensation is not applicable to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period. Fee rates are included in Part
II – Appendix II-C.
Portfolio
Transactions, Brokerage Commissions and Securities
Lending Activities
Portfolio Turnover
The
portfolio turnover rates for the two most recent fiscal years
are set forth in Part I—Appendix
I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
Brokerage Commissions
Total
brokerage commissions paid by each fund for the three most recent
fiscal years are set forth in Part I—
Appendix I-F.
This section does not apply to new funds that have not completed
a fiscal reporting period.
Each
fund's policy with respect to portfolio transactions and brokerage
is set forth under “Portfolio
Transactions”
in Part II
of this SAI.
Securities Lending
Activities
Information
regarding securities lending activities of each fund, if any,
during its most recent fiscal year is set forth in Part
I—Appendix
I-H.
Additional
information regarding securities lending in general is set forth
under “Lending
of Portfolio Securities”
in Part
II of this SAI.
Investments
Investments, Practices
and Techniques, and Risks
Part
I—Appendix
I-G
includes a list of the investments, practices and techniques,
and risks which each fund may employ (or be subject to) in pursuing
its investment objective.
Part II—Appendix
II-E includes a
description of these investments, practices and techniques, and
risks.
Investment
Restrictions
It
is possible that certain investment practices and/or techniques
may not be permissible for a fund based on its investment restrictions,
as described herein.
Diversification
Status.
Each fund is classified as a
diversified
fund. For Xtrackers MSCI All
China Equity
ETF, the fund’s
election to be classified as diversified under the 1940 Act may
not be changed without the vote of a majority of the outstanding
voting securities (as defined herein) of the fund.
Currently,
under the 1940 Act, for a fund to be classified as a diversified
investment company, at least 75% of the value of the fund’s
total assets must be represented by cash and cash items (including
receivables), government securities, securities of other investment
companies, and securities of other issuers, which for the
purposes of this calculation are limited in respect of any one
issuer to an amount (valued at the time of investment) not greater
in value than 5% of the fund’s total assets and to not
more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
For Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF, Xtrackers MSCI
China A Inclusion Equity ETF and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China
A-Shares Small Cap ETF, in reliance on no-action relief
furnished
by the SEC, the fund may be diversified or non-diversified at
any given time, based on the composition of the index that the
fund seeks to track.
Fundamental Policies
The
following fundamental policies may not be changed without the
approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of
a fund which, under the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder and
as used in this SAI, means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the
voting securities present at such meeting, if the holders of
more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of a fund
are present or represented by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of
the outstanding voting securities of a fund.
As
a matter of fundamental policy, a fund may not do any of the
following:
(1)
concentrate
its investments (i.e., invest 25% or more of its total assets
in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries),
except that a fund will concentrate to the extent that its Underlying
Index concentrates in the securities of such particular industry
or group of industries. For purposes of this limitation, securities
of the U.S. government (including its agencies and instrumentalities),
repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. government securities,
and securities of state or municipal governments and their political
sub-divisions are not considered to be issued by members of any
industry; except that municipal securities with payments
of principal or interest backed by revenue of a specific project
related to a specific industry are considered to be issued by
that industry;
(2)
borrow
money, except that (i) each fund may borrow from banks for temporary
or emergency (not leveraging) purposes, including the meeting
of redemption requests which might otherwise require the
untimely disposition of securities; and (ii) each fund may, to
the extent consistent with its investment policies, enter into
repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, forward
roll transactions and similar investment strategies and
techniques; to the extent that it engages in transactions described
in (i) and (ii), each fund will be limited so that no more than
33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount
borrowed) is derived from such transactions. Any borrowings
which come to exceed this amount will be reduced in accordance
with applicable law;
(3)
issue
any senior security, except as permitted under the 1940 Act,
as amended, and as interpreted, modified or otherwise permitted
by regulatory authority having jurisdiction, from time to time;
(4)
make
loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted,
modified or otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having
jurisdiction, from time to time;
(5)
purchase
or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership
of securities or other investments (but this restriction shall
not prevent each fund from investing in securities of companies
engaged in the real estate business or securities or
other instruments backed by real estate or mortgages), or commodities
or commodity contracts (but this restriction shall not prevent
each fund from trading in futures contracts and options on futures
contracts, including options on currencies to the extent
consistent with each fund’s investment objectives and policies);
or
(6)
engage
in the business of underwriting securities issued by other persons
except, to the extent that each fund may technically be deemed
to be an underwriter under the 1933 Act, the disposing of portfolio
securities.
For
purposes of the concentration policy in investment restriction
(1), municipal securities with payments of principal or interest
backed by the revenue of a specific project are considered to
be issued by a member of the industry which includes such specific
project.
Under
the 1940 Act,
a
senior security does not include any promissory
note
or evidence of indebtedness where such loan is for temporary
purposes only and in an amount not
exceeding 5% of
the value of
the total assets of
a fund
at the
time
the loan is made
(a
loan is presumed to be for temporary purposes if it is repaid
within 60 days and is not extended or renewed).
Under
the 1940 Act, an investment company may only make loans if expressly
permitted by its investment policies.
Non-Fundamental
Policies
The
Board has adopted certain additional non-fundamental policies
and restrictions which are observed in the conduct of a fund’s
affairs. They differ from fundamental investment
policies
in that they may be changed or amended by action of the Board
without requiring prior notice to, or approval of, the shareholders.
As
a matter of non-fundamental policy, a fund may not do any of
the following:
(1)
sell
securities short, unless the fund owns or has the right to obtain
securities equivalent in-kind and amount to the securities sold
short at no added cost, and provided that transactions in options,
futures contracts, options on futures contracts or other
derivative instruments are not deemed to constitute selling securities
short;
(2)
purchase
securities on margin, except that the fund may obtain such short-term
credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions; and
provided that margin deposits in connection with futures contracts,
options on futures contracts or other derivative instruments
shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin;
(3)
purchase
securities of open-end or closed-end investment companies except
in compliance with the 1940 Act;
(4)
invest
in direct interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration
programs or leases; however, the fund may invest in the securities
of issuers that engage in these activities; and
(5)
invest
in illiquid securities if, as a result of such investment, more
than 15% of the fund’s net assets would be invested in
illiquid securities.
If
any percentage restriction described above is complied with at
the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage
resulting from any change in value or total or net assets will
not constitute a violation of such restriction, except that certain
percentage limitations will be observed continuously in accordance
with applicable law.
For
purposes of non-fundamental policy (5), an illiquid security
is any investment that the fund reasonably expects cannot be
sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar
days without the sale or disposition significantly changing the
market value of the investment.
Each
fund has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy such that
each fund may invest in shares of other open-end management investment
companies or unit investment trusts subject to the limitations
of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, including the rules, regulations
and exemptive orders obtained thereunder; provided, however,
that if a fund has knowledge that its Shares are purchased by
another investment company investor in reliance on the provisions
of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act,
each fund will not acquire any securities of other open-end management
investment companies or unit investment trusts in reliance on
the provisions of subparagraphs (F) or (G) of Section 12(d)(1)
of the 1940 Act.
Taxes
Important
information concerning the tax consequences of an investment
in each fund is contained in Part II—
Appendix II-F.
Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, Reports to Shareholders
and Financial Statements
The
financial highlights of each fund included in its prospectus
and financial statements incorporated by reference into this
SAI have been so included or incorporated by reference in reliance
on the report of Ernst & Young LLP, One Manhattan West, New
York, New York, 10001. Ernst & Young LLP is an independent
registered public accounting firm. The report is given on the
authority of the auditors of said firm. The independent registered
public accounting firm audits the financial statements of
each fund and provides other audit, tax and related services.
Shareholders will receive annual audited financial statements
and semi-annual unaudited financial statements.
The
financial statements, together with the report of the Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm, financial
Additional
Information
For
information on exchange, CUSIP number and fund fiscal year end
information, see Part I—Appendix
I-I.
Part I:
Appendix I-A—Board
Member Share Ownership and Control Persons
Board Member Share
Ownership in each fund
The
following tables show the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each current Board Member in each
fund and in Xtrackers funds as of December 31, 2021.
Dollar Range of
Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Xtrackers
Harvest
CSI
300 China A-
Shares
ETF |
Xtrackers
MSCI
China
A Inclusion
Equity
ETF |
Xtrackers
Harvest
CSI
500 China A-
Shares
Small Cap
ETF
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
All
China Equity
ETF
|
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar
Range of Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
Funds
Overseen by
Board
Member in the
Xtrackers
Funds |
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
The
dollar ranges are: None, $1 – $10,000, $10,001 – $50,000, $50,001 – $100,000, or over $100,000.
Ownership in Securities
of the Advisor and Related Companies
As
reported to each fund, the information in the table below reflects ownership by the current Independent Board Members
and their immediate family members of certain securities as of December 31, 2021.
An immediate family member can be a spouse, children residing
in the same household, including step and adoptive children, and any dependents.
The securities represent ownership in the Advisor or Distributor and any persons (other than a registered investment
company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Advisor or Distributor
(including Deutsche Bank AG and DWS Group).
|
Owner
and
Relationship
to
Board
Member |
|
|
Value
of
Securities
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
Percent
of
Class
on an
Aggregate
Basis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control Persons
and Principal Holders of Securities
As
of August 31, 2022,
all Board Members and officers owned, as a group, less than 1% of the outstanding shares of
a fund.
Although
the fund does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares held in the names of DTC
participants, the following table identifies those DTC participants who owned of record 5% or more of a fund’s shares
as of August 31, 2022:
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
|
|
Brown
Brothers Harriman & Co.
525
Washington Blvd.
Jersey
City, NJ 07310 |
|
Citibank,
N.A.
3800
Citibank Center
Building
B/1st Floor/Zone 8
Tampa,
FL 33610-9122 |
|
The
Bank of New York Mellon
525
William Penn Place
Suite
153-0400
Pittsburgh,
PA 15259 |
|
State
Street Bank & Trust Co.
P.O.
Box 1631
Boston,
MA 02105 |
|
Morgan
Stanley Smith Barney LLC
1300
Thames St., 6th Floor
Baltimore,
MD 21231 |
|
J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC
500
Stanton Christiana Road, 2nd Fl.
Newark,
DE 19713-2107 |
|
Xtrackers MSCI
China A Inclusion Equity ETF
|
|
The
Bank of New York Mellon
525
William Penn Place
Suite
153-0400
Pittsburgh,
PA 15259 |
|
J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC
500
Stanton Christiana Road, 2nd Fl.
Newark,
DE 19713-2107 |
|
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
|
|
Citibank,
N.A.
3800
Citibank Center
Building
B/1st Floor/Zone 8
Tampa,
FL 33610-9122 |
|
Interactive
Brokers
8
Greenwich Office Park
Greenwich,
CT 06831 |
|
TD
Ameritrade
4700
Alliance Gateway Freeway
Fort
Worth, TX 76177 |
|
National
Financial Services LLC
499
Washington Blvd.
Jersey
City, NJ 07310 |
|
|
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E. Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
Merrill
Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc.
101
Hudson Street
Jersey
City, NJ 07302-3997 |
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All China Equity ETF
|
|
Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
2423
E. Lincoln Drive
Phoenix,
AZ 85016-1215 |
|
J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC
500
Stanton Christiana Road, 2nd Fl.
Newark,
DE 19713-2107 |
|
National
Financial Services LLC
499
Washington Blvd.
Jersey
City, NJ 07310 |
|
TD
Ameritrade
4700
Alliance Gateway Freeway
Fort
Worth, TX 76177 |
|
Bank
of America
200
N. College Street
Charlotte,
NC 28255 |
|
Part I:
Appendix I-B—Board
Committees and Meetings
Board Leadership,
Structure and Oversight Responsibilities
Board
Structure. The Board of the Xtrackers funds is responsible for
oversight of the funds, including oversight of the duties performed
by the Advisor for the funds under the investment advisory agreement (the “Investment
Advisory Agreement”).
The Board generally meets in regularly-scheduled meetings four times a year and may meet more often as
required.
Mr.
Byers serves as Chairperson
of the Board. The Board is comprised of Independent Board Members. The Independent Board
Members are advised by Independent Trustee Legal Counsel and are represented by such Independent Trustee Legal
Counsel at Board and committee meetings. The chairpersons
of the Audit Committee and Nominating Committee (each of which
consists solely of Independent Board Members) serve as liaisons between the Advisor and other service providers
and the other Independent Board Members. Each such chairperson
is an Independent Board Member.
The
Board regularly reviews its committee structure and membership and believes that its current structure is appropriate based
on the fact that the Independent Board Members constitute the Board, the role of the committee chairpersons
(who are Independent Board Members), the assets and number of
funds overseen by the Board Members, as well as the nature of
each fund’s business as an ETF, which is managed to track the performance of a specified index.
Risk
Oversight. The Xtrackers funds are subject to a number of risks,
including operational, investment and compliance risks. The Board,
directly and through its committees, as part of its oversight responsibilities, oversees the services provided
by the Advisor and the Trust’s other service providers in connection with the management and operations of
the funds, as well as their associated risks. Under the oversight of the Board, the Trust, the Advisor and other service
providers have adopted policies, procedures and controls to address these risks.
The
Board, directly and through its committees, receives and reviews information from the Advisor, other service providers,
the Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Independent Trustee Legal Counsel to assist it
in its oversight responsibilities. This information includes, but is not limited to, reports regarding the funds’ investments, including
fund performance and investment practices, valuation of fund portfolio securities, and compliance. The Board also
reviews, and must approve any proposed changes to, the funds’ investment objectives, policies and restrictions, and
reviews any areas of non-compliance with the funds’ investment policies and restrictions. The Audit Committee monitors
the Trust’s accounting policies, financial reporting and internal control system and reviews any internal audit reports
impacting the Trust. As part of its compliance oversight, the Board reviews the annual compliance report issued by
the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer on the policies and procedures of the Trust and its service providers, proposed changes
to the policies and procedures and quarterly reports on any material compliance issues that arose during the period.
Board
Committees. The Board has two standing committees, the Audit
Committee and the Nominating Committee, and has delegated certain
responsibilities to those committees.
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Audit Committee has the responsibility,
among
other things, to: (i) approve the
selection,
retention, termination and
compensation
of the Trust’s Independent
Registered
Public Accounting Firm; (ii) review
the
scope of the Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm’s audit activity; (iii)
review
the audited financial statements; and
(iv)
review with such Independent Registered
Public
Accounting Firm the adequacy and the
effectiveness
of the Trust’s internal controls. |
George
O. Elston
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and J. David Officer |
|
Number
of
Meetings
in Last
Fiscal
Year |
|
|
|
|
The
Nominating Committee has the
responsibility,
among other things, to identify
and
recommend individuals for Board
membership,
and evaluate candidates for
Board
membership. The Board will consider
recommendations
for Board Members from
shareholders.
Nominations from shareholders
should
be in writing and sent to the Board, to
the
attention of the Chairperson of the
Nominating
Committee, as described in Part II
SAI
Appendix II-A under the caption
“Shareholder
Communications to the Board.”
|
J.
David Officer
(Chairperson),
Stephen R.
Byers
and George O. Elston |
Part I:
Appendix I-C—Board
Member Compensation
Each
Independent Board Member receives compensation for his or her services, which includes retainer fees and specified
amounts for various committee services and for the Board Chairperson.
No additional compensation is paid to any Independent Board Member
for travel time to meetings, attendance at directors’ educational seminars or conferences, service
on industry or association committees, participation as speakers at directors’ conferences or service on special fund
industry director task forces or subcommittees. Independent Board Members do not receive any employee benefits such
as pension or retirement benefits or health insurance from a fund or any fund in the Xtrackers fund complex.
Board
Members who are officers, directors, employees or stockholders of DBX or its affiliates receive no direct compensation from
the fund, although they are compensated as employees of DBX, or its affiliates, and as a result may be deemed to
participate in fees paid by a fund. The following table shows, for each current Independent Board Member, the aggregate
compensation from all of the funds in the Xtrackers fund complex during calendar year 2021.
Total Compensation
from Xtrackers Fund Complex
|
Total
Compensation from the
Xtrackers
Fund Complex(1)
|
Independent
Board Member: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
For
each Independent Board Member, total compensation from the Xtrackers fund complex represents compensation from
35
funds as of December 31, 2021.
Each
Independent Board Member receives
an
annual retainer fee
of
$165,000. There are no additional fees for attendance at meetings
of the Board or committees, or for unscheduled telephonic meetings
or calls.
(2)
Includes
$35,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Byers as Chairperson
of the Xtrackers funds.
(3)
Includes
$25,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Elston as Chairperson
of the Audit Committee of the Xtrackers funds.
(4)
Includes
$10,000
in annual retainer fees received by Mr. Officer as Chairperson
of the Nominating Committee of the Xtrackers
funds.
Part I:
Appendix I-D—Portfolio
Management
Fund Ownership
of Portfolio Managers
The
following table shows the dollar range of fund shares owned beneficially and of record by the portfolio management team,
including investments by their immediate family members sharing the same household and amounts invested through
retirement and deferred compensation plans. This information is provided as of each fund's most recent fiscal year
end.
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
China A Inclusion Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All China Equity ETF
Name
of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar
Range of
Fund
Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conflicts of Interest
In
addition to managing the assets of each fund, a portfolio manager may have responsibility for managing other client accounts
of the Advisor or its affiliates. The tables below show, per portfolio manager, the number and asset size of: (1)
SEC registered investment companies (or series thereof) other than each fund, (2) pooled investment vehicles that
are not registered investment companies and (3) other accounts (e.g., accounts managed for individuals or organizations) managed
by a portfolio manager. Total assets attributed to a portfolio manager in the tables below include total assets of
each account managed, although a portfolio manager may only manage a portion of such account’s assets. For a fund
subadvised by subadvisors unaffiliated with the Advisor, total assets of funds managed may only include assets
allocated
to the portfolio manager and not the total assets of a fund managed. The tables also show the number of performance-based
fee accounts, as well as the total assets of the accounts for which the advisory fee is based on the
performance of the account. This information is provided as of each fund's most recent fiscal year end.
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
China A Inclusion Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All China Equity ETF
Other SEC Registered
Investment Companies Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Total
Assets of
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
Number
of Investment
Company
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-Based
Fee
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
China A Inclusion Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All China Equity ETF
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
Number
of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Total
Assets of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
|
Number
of Pooled
Investment
Vehicle
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
China A Inclusion Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All China Equity ETF
Other Accounts
Managed:
Name
of
Portfolio
Manager |
|
Total
Assets
of
Other
Accounts
|
Number
of Other
Accounts
with
Performance-
Based
Fee |
Total
Assets of
Performance-
Based
Fee
Accounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In
addition to the accounts above, an investment professional may manage accounts in a personal capacity that may include
holdings that are similar to, or the same as, those of each fund. The Advisor or Subadvisor, as applicable, has in
place a Code of Ethics that is designed to address conflicts of interest and that, among other things, imposes restrictions
on the ability of portfolio managers and other “access
persons”
to invest in securities that may be recommended or traded in
each fund and other client accounts.
Part I:
Appendix I-E—Service
Provider Compensation
Under
each fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for substantially all expenses of the fund,
including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board Members,
legal, audit and other services, except for the fee payments to the Advisor under the Investment Advisory Agreement,
interest expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses (if
any), litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
China A Inclusion Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers MSCI
All China Equity ETF
|
Gross
Amount
Paid
to DBX
for
Advisory
Services
|
Amount
Waived
by
DBX for
Advisory
Services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All China Equity ETF
The
following waivers are in effect:
To
the extent the fund invests in the shares of an affiliated fund, the Advisor has contractually agreed, until November 14,
2024, to waive fees and/or reimburse the fund's expenses to limit the fund's current operating expenses (except for
interest expense, taxes, brokerage expenses, distribution fees or expenses, litigation expenses and other extraordinary
expenses)
by an amount equal to the acquired fund's fees and expenses attributable to the fund's investments in the
affiliated funds. In addition, the Advisor has contractually agreed until September 30, 2023,
to waive a portion of its management fees to the extent necessary
to prevent the operating expenses (except for interest expense, taxes, brokerage
expenses, distribution fees or expenses, litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses) of the fund from
exceeding 0.50% of the fund’s average daily net assets. These agreements may only be terminated by the fund’s Board
(and may not be terminated by the Advisor) prior to that time.
Part I:
Appendix I-F—Portfolio
Transactions and Brokerage Commissions
Variations
to a fund’s portfolio turnover rate may be due to, among other things, a fluctuating volume of shareholder purchase
and redemption orders, market conditions, and/or changes in the Advisor's investment outlook. The amount of
brokerage commissions paid by a fund may change from year to year because of, among other things, changing asset
levels, shareholder activity and/or portfolio turnover.
Portfolio Turnover
Rates
|
|
|
Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF |
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All China Equity ETF |
|
|
Brokerage Commissions
|
|
Brokerage
Commissions
Paid
by Fund |
Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap
ETF
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All China Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF experienced decreased
aggregate brokerage commissions in 2021 due to decreased shareholder
activity.
(2)Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF experienced decreased aggregate brokerage commissions in
2021 due to a decrease in total assets as well as a decrease in subscription and redemption activity.
(3)
Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF experienced decreased aggregate brokerage commissions in 2021
due to decreased shareholder activity.
Brokerage Commissions
Paid to Affiliated Brokers
No
trades were effected for the accounts with broker dealers that are affiliated with the Advisor or Subadvisor, if applicable,
as of the end of its most recent fiscal year.
Listed
below are the regular brokers or dealers (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of each fund whose securities each
fund held as of the end of its most recent fiscal year and the dollar value of such securities.
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Xtrackers MSCI China
A Inclusion Equity ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Xtrackers MSCI
All China Equity ETF
The
fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers.
Transactions for
Research Services
No
transactions or related commissions were allocated to broker-dealer firms for research services.
Part I:
Appendix I-G—Investments,
Practices and Techniques, and Risks
Below
is a list of headings related to investments, practices and techniques, and risks which are further described in Appendix
II-E.
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
Borrowing
Chinese
Securities
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers MSCI China
A Inclusion Equity ETF
Borrowing
Chinese
Securities
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
Borrowing
Chinese
Securities
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Xtrackers MSCI All
China Equity ETF (and the Underlying Fund in which the fund invests)
Borrowing
Chinese
Securities
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion
Derivatives
Equity
Securities
Foreign
Securities
Illiquid
Securities
Inflation
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Lending
of Portfolio Securities
Repurchase
Agreements
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments
Special
Taxation Risks for Funds that Invest in Underlying Funds
Part I:
Appendix I-H—Securities
Lending Activities
Pursuant
to an agreement between each fund and BNYM, BNYM is responsible for the administration and management of
each fund’s securities lending program, including the negotiation of the terms and conditions of any securities loan, ensuring
that securities loans are properly coordinated and documented with each fund’s custodian, ensuring that loaned
securities are daily valued and that the corresponding required cash collateral is delivered by the borrower(s), arranging
for the investment of cash collateral and arranging for the return of loaned securities upon the termination of
the loan.
The
dollar amounts of income and fees and compensation paid to all service providers related to the fund that participated in
securities lending activities during the most recent fiscal year were as follows:
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF
The
fund had no securities lending activity during its most recent fiscal year.
Xtrackers Harvest
CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF
The
fund had no securities lending activity during its most recent fiscal year.
Securities
Lending Activities – Income and Fees for Fiscal Year 2022
|
Xtrackers
MSCI
China A
Inclusion
Equity
ETF |
Xtrackers
MSCI
All
China
Equity
ETF |
Gross
income from securities lending activities
(including income from cash collateral
reinvestment)
|
|
|
Fees
and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services |
Fees
paid to securities lending agent from a revenue split1
|
|
|
Fees
paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a
pooled
cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split |
|
|
Administrative
fees not included in revenue split |
|
|
Indemnification
fees not included in revenue split |
|
|
Rebate
(paid to borrower) |
|
|
|
|
|
Other
fees not included in revenue split |
|
|
Aggregate
fees/compensation for securities lending activities and related services |
|
|
Net
income from securities lending activities |
|
|
1
Revenue split represents the share of revenue generated by the securities lending program and paid to BNYM.
Part I:
Appendix I-I—Additional
Information
Fund
and its Fiscal Year End |
|
|
Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap
ETF
|
|
|
|
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All China Equity ETF |
|
|
|
|
|
Statement of Additional Information
(SAI)—Part
II
Part
II of this SAI includes policies, investment techniques and information
that apply to the Xtrackers funds. Unless otherwise noted, the
use of the term “fund”
applies to each of the Xtrackers funds of the Trust.
Management
of the Funds
Investment
Advisor. DBX Advisors LLC, located at 875 Third
Avenue, New York, New York 10022, serves as investment advisor
to each fund pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement between
the Trust and the Advisor. The Advisor is a Delaware limited
liability company and was registered as an investment advisor
under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, in August
2010. DBX Advisors LLC was formed in June 2010 and is
an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of DWS Group GmbH &
Co. KGaA (“DWS
Group”).
DBX
Advisors LLC and its advisory affiliates (“DWS
Service Providers”)
have sought and obtained a permanent order from the Securities
and Exchange Commission providing exemptive relief under Section
9 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, on
which the DWS Service Providers rely in connection with the continued
provision of investment advisory services to the funds and other
registered investment companies.
Terms
of the Investment Advisory Agreement. Under the
Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor, subject to the supervision
of the Board and in conformity with the stated investment policies
of each fund, manages and administers the Trust and manages the
duties of the investment and reinvestment of each fund’s
assets.
Under
the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible
for substantially all expenses of the funds (including the payments
to a Subadvisor, if any, the cost of transfer agency, custody,
fund administration, compensation paid to the Independent Board
Members in respect of the Independent Board Members’ service
to the fund, legal, audit and other services) except for the
fee payments under the Investment Advisory Agreement, interest
expense, taxes, brokerage expenses, future distribution fees
or expenses, litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
The
Investment Advisory Agreement with respect to each fund continues
in effect for two years from its effective date, and thereafter
is subject to annual approval by (i) the Board or (ii) the vote
of a majority of the outstanding
voting
securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the applicable fund,
provided that in either event such continuance also is approved
by a majority of the Board who are not interested persons (as
defined in the 1940 Act) of the applicable fund, by a vote cast
in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such
approval.
The
Investment Advisory Agreement with respect to each fund is terminable
without penalty, on 60 days’ notice, by the Board or by
a vote of the holders of a majority of the applicable fund’s
outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act). The
Investment Advisory Agreement is also terminable upon 60 days’
notice by the Advisor and will terminate automatically in the
event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
The
annual Unitary Advisory Fee rate for each fund is set forth in
Part II – Appendix II-C.
Subadvisor
(applicable only to those funds that have a Subadvisory arrangement as described
in Part I). The
Subadvisor serves as Subadvisor to a fund pursuant to the terms
of an Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between it and DBX (Subadvisory
Agreement).
Harvest
Global Investments Limited (HGI), located at 31/F One Exchange
Square, 8 Connaught Place, Central, Hong Kong, serves as the
investment Subadvisor to all the assets of two funds. HGI is
an investment advisor registered with the SEC. In addition, HGI
is an affiliate of DWS Group.
Terms
of the Subadvisory Agreements. Pursuant to the
terms of the applicable Subadvisory Agreement, a Subadvisor makes
the investment decisions, buys and sells securities, and conducts
the research that leads to these purchase and sale decisions
for a fund. A Subadvisor is also responsible for selecting brokers
and dealers to execute portfolio transactions and for negotiating
brokerage commissions and dealer charges on behalf of a
fund. Under the terms of the Subadvisory Agreement, a Subadvisor
manages the investment and reinvestment of a fund's assets and
provides such investment advice, research and assistance as DBX
may, from time to time, reasonably request.
Each
Subadvisory Agreement provides that the Subadvisor will not be
liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any
loss suffered by a fund in connection with matters to which the
Subadvisory Agreement relates,
except
a loss resulting from (a) the Subadvisor causing a fund to be
in violation of any applicable federal or state law, rule or
regulation or any investment policy or restriction set forth
in a fund's prospectus or as may be provided in writing by the
Board or DBX, or (b) willful misconduct, bad faith or gross negligence
on the part of the Subadvisor in the performance of its duties
or from reckless disregard by the Subadvisor of its obligations
and duties under the Subadvisory Agreement.
A
Subadvisory Agreement continues from year to year only as long
as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually
(a) by a majority of the Board Members who are not parties to
such agreement or interested persons of any such party, and (b)
by the shareholders or the Board of the Registrant. A Subadvisory
Agreement may be terminated at any time upon 60 days’ written
notice by DBX or by the Board of the Registrant or by majority
vote of the outstanding shares of a fund, and will terminate
automatically upon assignment or upon termination of a fund’s
Investment Advisory Agreement.
Under
each Subadvisory Agreement between DBX and a Subadvisor, DBX,
not a fund, pays the Subadvisor a Subadvisory fee based on the
percentage of the assets overseen by the Subadvisor or based
on a percentage of the fee received by DBX from a fund. The Subadvisor
fee is paid directly by DBX at specific rates negotiated between
DBX and the Subadvisor. No fund is responsible for paying the
Subadvisor.
Codes
of Ethics. Each fund, the Advisor, the Distributor, and,
if applicable, each fund’s subadvisor(s) have adopted codes
of ethics under Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. Board Members,
officers of the Trust and employees of the Advisor and the Distributor
are permitted to make personal securities transactions, including
transactions in securities that may be purchased or held by a
fund, subject to requirements and restrictions set forth in the
applicable Code of Ethics. The Advisor’s Code of Ethics
contains provisions and requirements designed to identify and
address certain conflicts of interest between personal investment
activities and the interests of a fund. Among other things, the
Advisor’s Code of Ethics prohibits certain types of transactions
absent prior approval, imposes time periods during which personal
transactions may not be made in certain securities, and requires
the submission of duplicate broker confirmations and quarterly
reporting of securities transactions. Additional restrictions
apply to portfolio managers, traders, research analysts and others
involved in the investment advisory process. Exceptions to these
and other provisions of the Advisor’s or Subadvisor’s
Codes of Ethics may be granted in particular circumstances after
review by appropriate personnel.
Board Members
Board
Members and Officers’ Identification and Background. The
identification and background of the Board Members and Officers
of the Registrant are set forth in Part
II—Appendix
II-A.
Board
Committees and Compensation. Information regarding
the Committees of the Board, as well as compensation paid to
the Independent Board Members and to Board Members who are not
officers of the Registrant, for certain specified periods, is
set forth in Part I—Appendix
I-B and Part I—Appendix
I-C, respectively.
Other Service Providers
Administrator.
BNYM serves as administrator for each fund. Pursuant to a Fund
Administration and Accounting Agreement and a Corporate Services
Agreement with the Trust, BNYM provides necessary administrative,
tax and accounting and financial reporting services for the maintenance
and operations of the Trust and each fund. In addition, BNYM
makes available the office space, equipment, personnel and facilities
required to provide such services. As compensation for these
services, BNYM receives certain out-of-pocket costs, transaction
fees and asset-based fees which are accrued daily and paid monthly
by the Advisor from its management fee.
Custodian.
BNYM serves as custodian for each fund. Pursuant to a Custody
Agreement with the Trust, BNYM maintains in separate accounts
cash, securities and other assets of the Trust and each fund,
keeps all necessary accounts and records and provides other services.
BNYM is required, upon the order of the Trust, to deliver securities
held by BNYM and to make payments for securities purchased
by the Trust for each fund. Also, pursuant to the Custody Agreement,
BNYM is authorized to appoint certain foreign custodians or foreign
custody managers for fund investments outside the US. As compensation
for these services, BNYM receives certain out-of-pocket costs,
transaction fees and asset-based fees which are accrued daily
and paid monthly by the Advisor from its management fee.
Transfer
Agent. BNYM serves as transfer agent for each fund.
Pursuant to a Transfer Agency and Service Agreement with the
Trust, BNYM acts as a transfer agent for each fund’s authorized
and issued Shares and as the dividend disbursing agent of the
Trust. As compensation for these services, BNYM receives certain
out-of-pocket
costs,
transaction fees and asset-based fees which are accrued daily
and paid monthly by the Advisor from its management fee.
Fund Legal Counsel.
Provides legal services to the funds.
Independent
Trustee Legal Counsel. Serves as legal counsel
to the Independent Board Members.
Distributor.
ALPS serves as the Distributor for each fund. The Distributor
has entered into a Distribution Agreement with the Trust pursuant
to which it distributes Shares of each fund. The Distribution
Agreement continues for two years from its effective date and
is renewable annually. Shares are continuously offered for sale
by the fund through the Distributor only in Creation Units, as
described in the applicable Prospectus and below in the “Creation
and Redemption of Creation Units”
section of this SAI. Shares in less than Creation Units are not
distributed by the Distributor. The Distributor will deliver
the applicable Prospectus and, upon request, the SAI to Authorized
Participants purchasing Creation Units and will maintain records
of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance
furnished by it. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered
under the 1934 Act, and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority.
The
Distribution Agreement for each fund provides that it may be
terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on
at least 60 days’ prior written notice to the other party
following (i) the vote of a majority of the Independent Board
Members, or (ii) the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting
securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the relevant fund.
The Distribution Agreement will terminate automatically in the
event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
Fund
Organization
Shares.
The Trust currently is comprised of separate investment series
or portfolios called funds. The Trust issues Shares of beneficial
interest in each fund with no par value. The Board may designate
additional funds.
Each
Share issued by a fund has a pro rata interest in the assets
of that fund. Shares have no preemptive, exchange, subscription
or conversion rights and are freely transferable. Each Share
is entitled to participate equally in dividends and distributions
declared by the Board with respect to the relevant fund, and
in the net distributable assets of such fund on liquidation.
Each Share has one vote with respect to matters upon which the
shareholder is entitled to vote. In any matter submitted to share
holders
for a vote, each fund shall hold a separate vote, provided that
shareholders of all affected funds will vote together when: (1)
required by the 1940 Act or (2) the Trustees determine that the
matter affects the interests of more than one fund. Under Delaware
law, the Trust is not required to hold an annual meeting of shareholders
unless required to do so under the 1940 Act. The policy of
the Trust is not to hold an annual meeting of shareholders unless
required to do so under the 1940 Act. All Shares (regardless
of the fund) have noncumulative voting rights in the election
of Board Members. Under Delaware law, Trustees of the Trust may
be removed by vote of the shareholders.
Following
the creation of the initial Creation Unit(s) of Shares of a fund
and immediately prior to the commencement of trading in the fund’s
Shares, a holder of Shares may be a “control
person”
of the fund, as defined in the 1940 Act. The fund cannot predict
the length of time for which one or more shareholders may remain
a control person of the fund.
Shareholders
may make inquiries by writing to DBX ETF Trust, c/o the Distributor,
ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado
80203, by email by writing to dbxquestions@list.db.com or by
telephone by calling 1-855-329-3837 or 1-855-DBX-ETFS (toll free).
Termination
of the Trust or a Fund. The Trust or a fund may
be terminated by a majority vote of the Board or the affirmative
vote of a supermajority of the holders of the Trust or such fund
entitled to vote on termination. Although the Shares are not
automatically redeemable upon the occurrence of any specific
event, the Trust’s organizational documents provide that
the Board will have the unrestricted power to alter the number
of Shares in a Creation Unit. In the event of a termination of
the Trust or a fund, the Board, in its sole discretion, could
determine to permit the Shares to be redeemable in aggregations
smaller than Creation Units or to be individually redeemable.
In such circumstance, the Trust may make redemptions in kind,
for cash or for a combination of cash or securities.
Purchase
and Redemption of Shares
Exchange Listing
and Trading
A
discussion of exchange listing and trading matters associated
with an investment in each fund is contained in the “Investing
in the Funds”
section of the fund’s
Prospectus.
The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction
with, that section of the Prospectus.
Shares
of each fund are listed for trading and will trade throughout
the day on the Exchange. There can be no assurance that the requirements
of the Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of Shares of
any fund will continue to be met. The Exchange may, but is not
required to, remove the Shares of a fund from listing if (i)
following the initial 12-month period beginning upon the commencement
of trading of fund Shares, there are fewer than 50 beneficial
owners of Shares of the fund for 30 or more consecutive trading
days, (ii) the value of the Underlying Index on which a fund
is based is no longer calculated or available, (iii) the IOPV
of a fund is no longer calculated or available or (iv) any other
event shall occur or condition shall exist that, in the opinion
of the Exchange, makes further dealings on the Exchange inadvisable.
The Exchange will also remove Shares of a fund from listing and
trading upon termination of the fund.
In
order to provide additional information regarding the indicative
value of Shares of the fund, the Exchange or a market data vendor
disseminates every 15 seconds through the facilities of the Consolidated
Tape Association or other widely disseminated means an updated
IOPV for the fund as calculated by an information provider or
market data vendor. The Trust is not involved in or responsible
for any aspect of the calculation or dissemination of the IOPVs
and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of
the IOPVs.
An
IOPV has a securities component and a cash component. The securities
values included in an IOPV are the values of the Deposit Securities
for a fund. While the IOPV reflects the current market value
of the Deposit Securities required to be deposited in connection
with the purchase of a Creation Unit, it does not necessarily
reflect the precise composition of the current portfolio of
securities held by a fund at a particular point in time because
the current portfolio of the fund may include securities that
are not a part of the current Deposit Securities. Therefore,
a fund’s IOPV disseminated during the Exchange trading
hours should not be viewed as a real-time update of the fund’s
NAV, which is calculated only once a day.
The
cash component included in an IOPV consists of estimated accrued
interest, dividends and other income, less expenses. If applicable,
each IOPV also reflects changes in currency exchange rates between
the US dollar and the applicable currency.
The
Trust reserves the right to adjust the Share prices of funds
in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors.
Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or
reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets
of the fund.
DTC
as Securities Depository for Shares of the funds.
Shares of each fund are represented by securities registered
in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf
of, DTC. DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to
hold securities of its participants (“DTC
Participants”)
and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities
transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through
electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants,
thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities’
certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and
dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain
other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives)
own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its
DTC Participants and by the NYSE, NYSE Amex Equities and the
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. Access to the DTC system
is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and
trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship
with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (“Indirect
Participants”).
Beneficial
ownership of Shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect
Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants
and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests
in Shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to
herein as “Beneficial
Owners”)
is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through,
records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants)
and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect
Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants).
Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant
a written confirmation relating to their purchase of Shares.
The laws of some jurisdictions may require that certain purchasers
of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive
form. Such laws may impair the ability of certain investors to
acquire beneficial interests in Shares.
Conveyance
of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial
Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement
between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available
to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the
Trust a listing of the Shares of each fund held by each DTC
Participant.
The Trust shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the
number of Beneficial Owners holding Shares, directly or indirectly,
through such DTC Participant. The Trust shall provide each such
DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other
communication, in such form, number and at such place as such
DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such
notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such
DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners.
In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant
a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses
attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory
and regulatory requirements.
The
Trust understands that under existing industry practice, in the
event the Trust requests any action of holders of Shares, or
a Beneficial Owner desires to take any action that DTC, as the
record owner of all outstanding Shares, is entitled to take,
DTC would authorize the DTC Participants to take such action
and that the DTC Participants would authorize the Indirect Participants
and Beneficial Owners acting through such DTC Participants to
take such action and would otherwise act upon the instructions
of Beneficial Owners owning through them.
Share
distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede &
Co., as the registered holder of all Shares of the Trust. DTC
or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall
credit immediately DTC Participants’ accounts with payments
in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests
in Shares of each fund as shown on the records of DTC or its
nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants
and Beneficial Owners of Shares held through such DTC Participants
will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices,
as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers
in bearer form or registered in a “street
name,”
and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.
The
Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspect of the
records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments
made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such Shares,
or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating
to such beneficial ownership interests, or for any other aspect
of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the
relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants
and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants. DTC
may decide to discontinue providing its service with respect
to Shares of the Trust at any time by giving reasonable notice
to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect
thereto
under
applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take
action to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions
at a comparable cost.
Creation and Redemption
of Creation Units
General.
The Trust issues and sells Shares of each fund only in Creation
Units on a continuous basis through the Distributor, without
a sales load, at the fund’s NAV next determined after receipt,
on any Business Day, of an order in proper form. Information
on a fund’s Creation Units can be found in the Prospectus.
The
Board reserves the right to declare a split or a consolidation
in the number of Shares outstanding of any fund of the Trust,
and to make a corresponding change in the number of Shares constituting
a Creation Unit, in the event that the per Share price in the
secondary market rises (or declines) to an amount that falls
outside the range deemed desirable by the Board.
As
of the date of this SAI, each Exchange observes the following
holidays, as observed: New Year’s Day, Dr. Martin Luther
King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day,
Juneteenth National Independence
Day, Independence Day,
Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.
Fund
Deposit. The consideration for purchase of Creation Units
of a fund generally consists of the in-kind (except for Xtrackers
MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF, Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300
China A-Shares ETF, and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares
Small Cap ETF, which are effected principally in cash) deposit
of a designated portfolio of securities (i.e., the “Deposit
Securities”),
which constitutes an optimized representation of the securities
of the relevant fund’s Underlying Index, and the Cash Component
computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities
and the Cash Component constitute the “Fund
Deposit,”
which represents the minimum initial and subsequent investment
amount for a Creation Unit of any fund.
The
Cash Component is an amount equal to the difference between the
NAV of the Shares (per Creation Unit) and the “Deposit
Amount,”
which is an amount equal to the market value of the Deposit Securities,
and serves to compensate for any difference between the NAV per
Creation Unit and the Deposit Amount. Payment of any stamp
duty or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer
of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities shall be the
sole responsibility of the AP purchasing a Creation Unit.
The
Advisor makes available through the National Securities Clearing
Corporation (“NSCC”)
on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the
Exchange, the list of names and the required number of Shares
of each Deposit Security to be included in the current Fund Deposit
(based on information at the end of the previous Business Day)
for each fund. Such Fund Deposit is applicable, subject to any
adjustments as described below, in order to effect purchases
of Creation Units of Shares of a given fund until such time as
the next-announced Fund Deposit is made available.
The
identity and number of Shares of the Deposit Securities pursuant
to changes in composition of a fund’s portfolio and changes
as rebalancing adjustments and corporate action events are reflected
from time to time by the Advisor with a view to the investment
objective of the fund. The composition of the Deposit Securities
may also change in response to adjustments to the weighting
or composition of the component securities constituting the relevant
Underlying Index.
The
Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution
of a “cash
in lieu”
amount to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit
Security that may not be available in sufficient quantity for
delivery or that may not be eligible for transfer through the
systems of DTC of the Clearing Process (discussed below). The
Trust also reserves the right to permit or require a “cash
in lieu”
amount where the delivery of the Deposit Security by the AP (as
described below) would be restricted under applicable securities
laws or where the delivery of the Deposit Security to the AP
would result in the disposition of the Deposit Security by the
AP becoming restricted under applicable securities laws, or in
certain other situations. The adjustments described above will
reflect changes, known to the Advisor on the date of announcement
to be in effect by the time of delivery of the Fund Deposit,
in the composition of the subject index being tracked by the
relevant fund, or resulting from stock splits and other corporate
actions. For Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF, Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF, and Xtrackers Harvest CSI
500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF, Creation Units are purchased
principally for cash.
Role
of the Authorized Participant. Creation Units may be
purchased only by or through a DTC Participant that has entered
into an Authorized Participant Agreement with the Distributor
(an authorized participant, or an “AP”),
which agreement has also been accepted by the Transfer Agent.
Such AP will agree, pursuant to the terms of such Authorized
Participant Agreement and on behalf of itself or any investor
on whose behalf it will act, to certain
conditions,
including that such AP will make available in advance of each
purchase of Shares an amount of cash sufficient to pay the Cash
Component, once the NAV of a Creation Unit is next determined
after receipt of the purchase order in proper form, together
with the transaction fee described below. The AP may require
the investor to enter into an agreement with such AP with respect
to certain matters, including payment of the Cash Component.
Investors who are not APs must make appropriate arrangements
with an AP. Investors should be aware that their particular broker
may not be a DTC Participant or may not have executed an Authorized
Participant Agreement and that orders to purchase Creation Units
may have to be placed by the investor’s broker through
an AP. As a result, purchase orders placed through an AP
may result in additional charges to such investor.
The
Trust does not expect the Distributor to enter into an Authorized
Participant Agreement with more than a small number of DTC Participants.
A list of current APs may be obtained from the Distributor.
Purchase
Order. To initiate an order for a Creation Unit, an
AP must submit an irrevocable order to purchase Shares of a fund
in accordance with the Authorized Participant Agreement. If accepted
by the Distributor, the Transfer Agent will notify the Advisor
and the Custodian of such order. If applicable, the Custodian
will then provide such information to the appropriate sub-custodian.
For each applicable fund, the Custodian shall cause the applicable
sub-custodian to maintain an account into which the AP shall
deliver, on behalf of itself or the party on whose behalf it
is acting, the applicable securities included in the designated
Fund Deposit (or the cash value of all or a part of such securities,
in the case of a permitted or required cash purchase or “cash
in lieu”
amount), with any appropriate adjustments as advised by the Trust.
Deposit Securities located outside the United States must be
delivered to an account maintained at the applicable local sub-custodian.
Those placing orders to purchase Creation Units through an AP
should allow sufficient time to permit proper submission of the
purchase order to the Distributor by the cut-off time on such
Business Day.
The
AP must also make available on or before the contractual settlement
date, by means satisfactory to the Trust, immediately available
or same day funds estimated by the Trust to be sufficient to
pay the Cash Component next determined after acceptance of the
purchase order, together with the applicable purchase transaction
fee. Any excess funds will be returned following settlement of
the issue of the Creation Unit. Those placing orders should ascertain
the applicable
deadline
for cash transfers by contacting the operations department of
the broker or depositary institution effectuating the transfer
of the Cash Component. This deadline is likely to be significantly
earlier than the closing time of the regular trading session
on the Exchange.
Investors
should be aware that an AP may require orders for purchases of
Shares placed with it to be in the particular form required by
the individual AP.
Timing
of Submission of Purchase Orders. An AP must submit
an irrevocable purchase order before 4:00 p.m., Eastern time
on any Business Day in order to receive that day’s NAV.
In the case of custom orders, the order must be received by the
Distributor no later than 3:00 p.m., Eastern time on the trade
date. With respect to in-kind creations, a custom order may be
placed by an AP where cash replaces any Deposit Security which
may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or which
may not be eligible for trading by such AP or the investor for
which it is acting or other relevant reason. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the Trust may, but is not required to, permit
custom orders (consisting of a basket of securities or cash that
differs from a published or transacted Fund Deposit) until 4:00
p.m., Eastern time, or until the market close (in the event the
Exchange closes early). Orders to create Shares of a fund that
are submitted on the Business Day immediately preceding a holiday
or day (other than a weekend) when the markets in the relevant
foreign market are closed may not be accepted. The Distributor
in its discretion may permit the submission of such orders and
requests by or through an AP at any time (including on days on
which the Exchange is not open for business) via communication
through the facilities of the Transfer Agent’s proprietary
website maintained for this purpose, provided such submission
is permissible pursuant to the terms of the applicable Authorized
Participant Agreement. Purchase orders and redemption requests,
if accepted by the Trust, will be processed based on the NAV
next determined after such acceptance in accordance with the
Trust’s standard cut-off times as provided in the Authorized
Participant Agreement and disclosed in this SAI.
Acceptance
of Orders for Creation Unit. Subject to the
conditions that (i) an irrevocable purchase order has been submitted
by the AP (either on its own or another investor’s behalf)
and (ii) arrangements satisfactory to the Trust are in place
for payment of the Cash Component and any other cash amounts
which may be due, the Trust will accept the order, subject to
its right (and the right of the Distributor and the Advisor)
to reject any order until acceptance.
Once
the Trust has accepted an order, upon next determination of the
NAV of the Shares, the Trust will confirm the issuance of a Creation
Unit, against receipt of payment, at such NAV. The Distributor
will then transmit a confirmation of acceptance to the AP that
placed the order.
The
SEC has stated its position that an ETF generally may
suspend the issuance of Creation Units only for a limited time
and only due to extraordinary circumstances, such as when the
markets on which the ETF’s portfolio holdings are traded
are closed for a limited period of time. The SEC has also stated
that an ETF could not set transaction fees so high as to effectively
suspend the issuance of Creation Units. The Trust
reserves the right to reject or
revoke a creation order transmitted to it by the Distributor
in respect of any fund under circumstances which
include, but are not limited to, if (i) the order is not
in proper form; (ii) the investor(s) upon obtaining the Shares
ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding Shares
of any fund; (iii) the Deposit Securities delivered do not conform
to the identity and number of Shares specified by the Advisor,
as described above;
(iv)
acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of
counsel, be unlawful; or (vi)
circumstances outside the
control of the Trust, the Distributor and the Advisor make it
impracticable to process purchase orders. The Trust shall notify
a prospective purchaser of a Creation Unit and/or the AP acting
on behalf of such purchaser of its rejection of such order. The
Trust, the Custodian, the sub-custodian and the Distributor are
under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or
irregularities in the delivery of Portfolio Deposits nor shall
any of them incur any liability for failure to give such notification.
Issuance
of a Creation Unit. Except as provided herein, a
Creation Unit will not be issued until the transfer of good title
to the Trust of the Deposit Securities and the payment of the
Cash Component and any other cash amounts which may be due have
been completed. When (if applicable) the sub-custodian has confirmed
to the Custodian that the securities included in the Fund Deposit
(or the cash value thereof) have been delivered to the account
of the relevant sub-custodian or sub-custodians, the Distributor
and the Advisor shall be notified of such delivery and the Trust
will issue and cause the delivery of the Creation Unit. Creation
Units typically are issued on a “T+2
basis”
(i.e., two Business Days after trade date).
To
the extent contemplated by an AP’s agreement with the Distributor,
the Trust will issue Creation Units to such AP notwithstanding
the fact that the corresponding
Portfolio
Deposits have not been received in part or in whole, in reliance
on the undertaking of the AP to deliver the missing Deposit Securities
as soon as possible, which undertaking shall be secured by such
AP’s delivery and maintenance of collateral having a value
at least equal to 115%, which the Advisor may change from time
to time, of the value of the missing Deposit Securities in accordance
with the Trust’s then-effective procedures. The only collateral
that is acceptable to the Trust is cash in US dollars or an irrevocable
letter of credit in form, and drawn on a bank, that is satisfactory
to the Trust. The cash collateral posted by the AP may be invested
at the risk of the AP, and income, if any, on invested cash collateral
will be paid to that AP. Information concerning the Trust’s
current procedures for collateralization of missing Deposit Securities
is available from the Transfer Agent. The Authorized Participant
Agreement will permit the Trust to buy the missing Deposit Securities
at any time and will subject the AP to liability for any shortfall
between the cost to the Trust of purchasing such securities and
the cash collateral or the amount that may be drawn under any
letter of credit.
In
certain cases, APs may create and redeem Creation Units on the
same trade date and in these instances, the Trust reserves the
right to settle these transactions on a net basis or require
a representation from the APs that the creation and redemption
transactions are for separate Beneficial Owners. All questions
as to the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities
and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit
of any securities to be delivered shall be determined by the
Trust, and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.
Cash
Purchase Method. In the case of a cash purchase, the
investor must pay the cash equivalent of the Deposit Securities
it would otherwise be required to provide through an in-kind
purchase, plus the same Cash Component required to be paid by
an in-kind purchaser. In addition, to offset the Trust’s
brokerage and other transaction costs associated with using the
cash to purchase the requisite Deposit Securities, the investor
will be required to pay a fixed purchase transaction fee, plus
an additional variable charge for cash purchases, which is expressed
as a percentage of the value of the Deposit Securities.
Creation
Transaction Fee. A standard creation transaction
fee is imposed to offset the transfer and other transaction costs
associated with the issuance of Creation Units. The standard
creation transaction fee will be the same regardless of the number
of Creation Units purchased by a purchaser on the same day. The
AP may
also
be required to cover certain brokerage, tax, foreign exchange,
execution, price movement and other costs and expenses related
to the execution of trades resulting from such transaction (including
when the Trust permits an AP to substitute cash for some or all
of the Deposit Securities). APs will also bear the costs of transferring
the Deposit Securities to the Trust. Investors who use the
services of a broker or other such intermediary may be charged
a fee for such services. Certain fees or costs associated with
creation transactions may be waived in certain circumstances.
Each fund’s standard creation transaction fee is set forth
in the Prospectus.
Redemption
of Creation Units. Shares of a fund may be
redeemed only in Creation Units at their NAV next determined
after receipt of a redemption request in proper form and only
on a Business Day. The Trust will not redeem Shares in amounts
less than Creation Units. Beneficial Owners also may sell Shares
in the secondary market but must accumulate enough Shares to
constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such Shares redeemed
by the Trust. There can be no assurance, however, that there
will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at
any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. Investors should
expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with
assembling a sufficient number of Shares to constitute a redeemable
Creation Unit.
Redemptions
are effected primarily in-kind, except for Xtrackers MSCI China
A Inclusion Equity ETF, Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares
ETF, and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF,
which are effected principally in cash. In the case of in-kind
redemptions, the Advisor makes available through the NSCC,
prior to the opening of business on the Exchange on each Business
Day, the identity and number of Shares that will be applicable
(subject to possible amendment or correction) to redemption requests
received in proper form (as defined below) on that day (“Fund
Securities”).
Fund Securities received on redemption may not be identical
to Deposit Securities that are applicable to creations of Creation
Units. Each fund reserves the right to honor a redemption request
by delivering a basket of securities or cash that differs from
the Fund Securities.
Unless
cash redemptions are available or specified for a fund, the redemption
proceeds for a Creation Unit generally consist of Fund Securities
plus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV
of the Shares being redeemed, as next determined after a receipt
of a request in proper form, and the value of the Fund Securities,
less the redemption transaction fee described below.
Redemption
Transaction Fee. A standard redemption transaction
fee is imposed to offset transfer and other transaction costs
that may be incurred by the relevant fund. The standard redemption
transaction fees are set forth in the Prospectus. The standard
redemption transaction fee will be the same regardless of the
number of Creation Units redeemed by an investor on the same
day. The AP may also be required to cover certain brokerage,
tax, foreign exchange, execution, price movement and other costs
and expenses related to the execution of trades resulting from
such transaction (including when the Trust substitutes cash for
some or all of the Fund Securities), up to a maximum of 2% of
the amount redeemed (including the standard redemption fee
set forth in the Prospectus). APs will also bear the costs of
transferring the Fund Securities from the Trust to their account
or on their order. Investors who use the services of a broker
or other such intermediary may be charged a fee for such services.
Certain fees or costs associated with redemption transactions
may be waived in certain circumstances.
The
maximum redemption fee, as a percentage of the amount redeemed,
is 2%. Redemption requests for Creation Units of any fund must
be submitted by or through an AP. An AP must submit an irrevocable
redemption request before 4:00 p.m., Eastern time on any
Business Day in order to receive that day’s NAV. In the
case of custom redemptions, the order must be received no later
than 3:00 p.m., Eastern time. Investors other than through APs
are responsible for making arrangements for a redemption request
to be made through an AP. The Distributor will provide a list
of current APs upon request.
Cash
transactions may have to be carried out over several days if
the securities market is relatively illiquid and may involve
considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and
taxes, which will be higher than if a fund sold and redeemed
its shares principally in-kind, will generally be passed on to
purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation
and redemption transaction fees. However, the funds cap the total
fees that may be charged in connection with the redemption of
Creation Units at 2% of the value of the Creation Units redeemed.
To the extent transaction and other costs associated with a redemption
exceed that cap those transaction costs will be borne by a fund’s
remaining shareholders.
The
AP must transmit the request for redemption in the form required
by the Trust or the Transfer Agent in accordance with procedures
set forth in the Authorized Participant Agreement. Investors
should be aware that
their
particular broker may not have executed an Authorized Participant
Agreement and that, therefore, requests to redeem Creation Units
may have to be placed by the investor’s broker through
an AP who has executed an Authorized Participant Agreement in
effect. At any time, there may be only a limited number of broker-dealers
that have an Authorized Participant Agreement. Investors making
a redemption request should be aware that such request must be
in the form specified by such AP. Investors making a request
to redeem Creation Units should allow sufficient time to permit
proper submission of the request by an AP and transfer of the
Shares to the Trust’s Transfer Agent; such investors should
allow for the additional time that may be required to effect
redemptions through their banks, brokers or other financial intermediaries
if such intermediaries are not APs.
A
redemption request is considered to be in “proper
form”
if (i) an AP has transferred or caused to be transferred to the
Trust’s Transfer Agent the Creation Unit being redeemed
through the book-entry system of DTC so as to be effective by
the Exchange closing time on any Business Day, (ii) a request
in form satisfactory to the Trust is received from the AP on
behalf of itself or another redeeming investor within the time
periods specified above and (iii) all other procedures set forth
in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. If the Transfer
Agent does not receive the investor’s Shares through DTC’s
facilities by 10:00 a.m., Eastern time, on the Business Day next
following the day that the redemption request is received, the
redemption request shall be rejected. Investors should be aware
that the deadline for such transfers of Shares through the DTC
system may be significantly earlier than the close of business
on the Exchange. Those making redemption requests should
ascertain the deadline applicable to transfers of Shares through
the DTC system by contacting the operations department of the
broker or depositary institution effecting the transfer of the
Shares.
Upon
receiving a redemption request, the Transfer Agent shall notify
the Trust of such redemption request. The tender of an investor’s
Shares for redemption and the distribution of the cash redemption
payment in respect of Creation Units redeemed will be made through
DTC and the relevant AP to the Beneficial Owner thereof as recorded
on the book-entry system of DTC or the DTC Participant through
which such investor holds, as the case may be, or by such other
means specified by the AP submitting the redemption request.
A
redeeming Beneficial Owner or AP acting on behalf of such Beneficial
Owner must maintain appropriate security arrangements with a
qualified broker-dealer, bank or other custody providers in each
jurisdiction in which any of the portfolio securities are customarily
traded, to which account such portfolio securities will be delivered.
If
neither the redeeming Beneficial Owner nor the AP acting on behalf
of such redeeming Beneficial Owner has appropriate arrangements
to take delivery of Fund Securities in the applicable non-US
jurisdiction and it is not possible to make other such arrangements,
or if it is not possible to effect deliveries of Fund Securities
in such jurisdiction, the Trust may in its discretion exercise
its option to redeem such Shares in cash, and the redeeming Beneficial
Owner will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in
cash. In such case, the investor will receive a cash payment
equal to the NAV of its Shares based on the NAV of Shares of
the relevant fund next determined after the redemption request
is received in proper form (minus a redemption transaction fee
and additional variable charge for cash redemptions specified
above, to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction
costs associated with the disposition of portfolio securities
of the fund). Redemptions of Shares for Fund Securities will
be subject to compliance with applicable US federal and state
securities laws and each fund (whether or not it otherwise permits
cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Units
for cash to the extent that the fund could not lawfully deliver
specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or could not do so
without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws.
In
the case of cash redemptions, proceeds will be paid to the AP
redeeming Shares on behalf of the redeeming investor as soon
as practicable after the date of redemption (within seven calendar
days thereafter).
The
right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed
with respect to any fund (i) for any period during which the
NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings),
(ii) for any period during which trading on the NYSE is suspended
or restricted, (iii) for any period during which an emergency
exists as a result of which disposal of the Shares of the fund’s
portfolio securities or determination of its NAV is not reasonably
practicable or (iv) in such other circumstance as is permitted
by the SEC.
An
AP submitting a redemption request is deemed to represent to
the Trust that it is in compliance with the requirements set
forth in the Authorized Participant Agreement. The Trust reserves
the right to verify these representations at its discretion,
but will typically require
verification
with respect to a redemption request from a fund in connection
with higher levels of redemption activity and/or short interest
in the fund. If the AP, upon receipt of a verification request,
does not provide sufficient verification of its representations
as determined by the Trust, the redemption request will not be
considered to have been received in proper form and may be rejected
by the Trust.
Taxation
on Creation and Redemptions of Creation Units. An
AP generally will recognize either gain or loss upon the exchange
of Deposit Securities for Creation Units. This gain or loss is
calculated by taking the market value of the Creation Units purchased
over the AP’s aggregate basis in the Deposit Securities
exchanged therefor. However, the Internal Revenue Service (the
“IRS”)
may apply the wash sales rules to determine that any loss realized
upon the exchange of Deposit Securities for Creation Units is
not currently deductible. APs should consult their own tax advisors.
Current
federal tax laws dictate that capital gain or loss realized from
the redemption of Creation Units will generally create long-term
capital gain or loss if the AP holds the Creation Units for more
than one year, or short-term capital gain or loss if the Creation
Units were held for one year or less, if the Creation Units are
held as capital assets.
Compensation of
Financial Intermediaries
The
Distributor may also enter into agreements with securities dealers
(“Soliciting
Dealers”)
who will solicit purchases of Creation Units of fund Shares.
Such Soliciting Dealers must also be APs.
The
Advisor may, from time to time and from its own resources, pay,
defray or absorb costs relating to distribution, including payments
out of its own resources to the Distributor, or to otherwise
promote the sale of Shares. The Advisor currently pays the Distributor,
from the Advisor’s own resources, for such purposes.
The
Advisor and/or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“Xtrackers
Entities”)
may pay certain broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries
or solicitors (“Intermediaries”)
for certain marketing or referral activities related to the fund
or other funds advised by the Advisor or its affiliates. Any
payments made by Xtrackers Entities will be made from their own
assets and not from the assets of the fund. Although a portion
of Xtrackers Entities’ revenue comes directly or indirectly
in part from fees paid by the fund and other Xtrackers funds,
payments do not increase the price paid by investors for the
purchase of shares of,
or
the cost of owning, shares of the fund or other Xtrackers funds.
Xtrackers Entities may make payments for Intermediaries’
participating in activities that are designed to make registered
representatives, other professionals and individual investors
more knowledgeable about the fund or for other activities, such
as participation in marketing activities and presentations, educational
training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or
reporting systems (“Education
Costs”)
or the referral or introduction of investors to Xtrackers Entities.
Xtrackers Entities may also make payments to Intermediaries for
certain printing, publishing and mailing costs associated with
the fund or materials relating to other Xtrackers funds or
exchange-traded funds in general (“Publishing
Costs”).
In addition, Xtrackers Entities may make payments to Intermediaries
that make shares of the fund and certain other Xtrackers funds
available to their clients or for otherwise promoting the fund
and other Xtrackers funds. Payments of this type are sometimes
referred to as revenue-sharing payments. Payments to an Intermediary
may be significant to the Intermediary, and amounts that Intermediaries
pay to your salesperson or other investment professional may
also be significant for your salesperson or other investment
professional. Because an Intermediary may make decisions about
which investment options or investment advisor it will recommend
or make available to its clients or contacts or what services
to provide for various products based on payments it receives
or is eligible to receive, payments create conflicts of interest
between the Intermediary and its clients or contacts and these
financial incentives may cause the Intermediary to recommend
the fund and other Xtrackers funds or their investment advisor
over other investments or to refer a contact to the Xtrackers
Entities. The same conflict of interest exists with respect to
your salesperson or other investment professional if he or she
receives similar payments from his or her Intermediary firm.
Ask your salesperson or visit your Intermediary’s website
for more information.
Xtrackers
Entities may determine to make payments based on any number of
metrics. For example, Xtrackers Entities may make payments at
year end or other intervals in a fixed amount, based upon an
Intermediary’s services at defined levels or an amount
based on the Intermediary’s net sales of one or more Xtrackers
funds in a year or other period, any of which arrangements may
include an agreed upon minimum or maximum payment, or any combination
of the foregoing. Any payments made by the Xtrackers Entities
to an Intermediary may create the incentive for an Intermediary
to encourage customers to buy shares of the fund or other Xtrackers
funds.
Certain
Xtrackers Entities have established revenue sharing arrangements
to make Payments to Intermediaries that make fund shares available
to their clients or otherwise promote certain funds. Pursuant
to these arrangements, Intermediaries have agreed to promote
certain funds to their customers and to not charge certain of
their customers any commissions on the purchase or sale of fund
shares. Payments made pursuant to these arrangements may vary
in any year and may be different for different Intermediaries.
In certain cases, the Payments described in the preceding sentence
may be subject to certain minimum payment levels.
The
Advisor may also enter into agreements with financial intermediaries
relating to the use of Xtracker funds in third-party model portfolios.
Each
fund has been advised that the Advisor, the Distributor and their
affiliates expect that the firms listed in Part
II—Appendix
II-D will receive revenue sharing payments
at different points during the coming year as described above.
Other
Payments to Financial Intermediaries. In addition to
the above-described payments, the Advisor or an affiliate may,
from its own resources, pay fees to financial intermediaries
who sell shares of Xtracker funds for other products or services
offered by the intermediaries. Such payments may be in the form
of licensing fees for access to various kinds of analytical data.
Anti-Money
Laundering Requirements. The funds are subject
to the USA PATRIOT Act (the “Patriot
Act”).
The Patriot Act is intended to prevent the use of the US financial
system in furtherance of money laundering, terrorism or other
illicit activities. Pursuant to requirements under the Patriot
Act, a fund may request information from APs to enable it to
form a reasonable belief that it knows the true identity of its
APs. This information will be used to verify the identity of
APs or, in some cases, the status of financial professionals;
it will be used only for compliance with the requirements of
the Patriot Act. The funds reserve the right to reject purchase
orders from persons who have not submitted information sufficient
to allow a fund to verify their identity. Each fund also reserves
the right to redeem any amounts in a fund from persons whose
identity it is unable to verify on a timely basis. It is the
funds’ policy to cooperate fully with appropriate regulators
in any investigations conducted with respect to potential money
laundering, terrorism or other illicit activities.
Investments
Investments, Practices
and Techniques, and Risks
Part
II - Appendix II-E includes a description of the investment
practices and techniques which a fund may employ in pursuing
its investment objective, as well as the associated risks. Descriptions
in this SAI of a particular investment practice or technique
in which a fund may engage (or a risk that a fund may be subject
to) are meant to describe the spectrum of investments that the
Advisor (and/or subadvisor, if applicable) in its discretion
might, but is not required to, use in managing a fund. The Advisor
(and/or subadvisor, if applicable) may in its discretion at any
time employ such practice and technique for one or more funds
but not for all funds advised by it. Furthermore, it is possible
that certain types of investment practices or techniques described
herein may not be available, permissible, economically feasible
or effective for their intended purposes in all markets. Certain
practices, techniques or investments may not be principal activities
of the fund, but, to the extent employed, could from time to
time have a material impact on a fund’s performance.
It
is possible that certain investment practices and/or techniques may not be
permissible for a fund based on its investment restrictions, as described herein
(also see Part I: Investments, Practices and Techniques, and
Risks) and in the fund’s prospectus.
Portfolio
Transactions
The
Advisor and/or subadvisor assume general supervision over placing
orders on behalf of the funds for the purchase and sale of portfolio
securities. In selecting brokers or dealers for any transaction
in portfolio securities, the Advisor’s and/or subadvisor’s
policy is to make such selection based on factors deemed relevant,
including but not limited to, the breadth of the market in the
security, the price of the security, the reasonableness of the
commission or mark-up or mark-down, if any, execution capability,
settlement capability, back office efficiency and the financial
condition of the broker or dealer, both for the specific transaction
and on a continuing basis. The overall reasonableness of brokerage
commissions paid is evaluated by the Advisor and/or subadvisor
based upon their knowledge of available information as to the
general level of commissions paid by other institutional investors
for comparable services. Brokers may also be selected because
of their ability to handle special or difficult executions, such
as may be involved in large block trades, less liquid securities,
broad distributions, or other circumstances. The Trust has adopted
policies and procedures
that
prohibit the consideration of sales of the funds’ Shares as
a factor in the selection of a broker or a dealer to execute
its portfolio transactions.
Purchases
and sales of fixed-income securities and certain over-the-counter
securities are effected on a net basis, without the payment of
brokerage commissions. Transactions in fixed income and certain
over-the-counter securities are generally placed by the Advisor
with the principal market makers for these securities unless
the Advisor reasonably believes more favorable results are available
elsewhere. Transactions with dealers serving as market makers
reflect the spread between the bid and asked prices. Purchases
of underwritten issues will include an underwriting fee paid
to the underwriter. Money market instruments are normally purchased
in principal transactions directly from the issuer or from an
underwriter or market maker.
To
the extent applicable and consistent with Section 28(e) of the
1934 Act, as amended, and interpretations thereunder, the Advisor
and/or subadvisor may cause a fund to pay a higher commission
than otherwise obtainable from other brokers or dealers in return
for brokerage or research services and products if the Advisor
and/or subadvisor determines in good faith that the commission
is reasonable in relation to the services and products utilized.
In addition to agency transactions, the Advisor and/or subadvisor
may receive brokerage or research services and products in connection
with certain riskless principal transactions, in accordance with
applicable SEC and other regulatory guidelines. In both instances,
these services and products may include but are not limited to:
economic, industry, or company research reports or investment
recommendations; subscriptions to certain financial publications;
market data such as stock quotes, last sale prices, trading volumes
and similar data; databases and software, including, but not
limited to, quantitative analytical software; and products and
services that assist in effecting transactions and functions
incidental thereto, including services of third-party computer
systems directly related to brokerage activities and routing
settlement instructions. The Advisor and/or subadvisor may
use brokerage or research services and products furnished by
brokers, dealers or service providers in servicing all client
accounts, and not all services and products may necessarily be
used in connection with the account that paid the commissions
or spreads to the broker or dealer.
The
funds’ purchase and sale orders for securities may be combined
with those of other investment companies, clients or accounts
that the Advisor and/or subadvisor
manage
or advise and for which they have brokerage placement authority.
If purchases or sales of portfolio securities of the funds and
one or more other accounts managed or advised by the Advisor
and/or subadvisor are considered at or about the same time, transactions
in such securities are allocated among the funds and the other
accounts in a manner deemed equitable to all by the Advisor and/or
subadvisor. In some cases, this procedure could have a detrimental
effect on the price or volume of the security as far as the funds
are concerned. However, in other cases, it is possible that the
ability to participate in volume transactions and to negotiate
lower transaction costs will be beneficial to the funds. The
Advisor and/or subadvisor from time to time deals, trades and
invests for their own account in the types of securities in which
the funds may invest. The Advisor and/or subadvisor may effect
trades on behalf of and for the account of the funds with brokers
or dealers that are affiliated with the Advisor and/or subadvisor,
in conformity with the 1940 Act and SEC rules and regulations.
Under these provisions, any commissions paid to affiliated brokers
or dealers must be reasonable and fair compared to the commissions
charged by other brokers or dealers in comparable transactions.
The funds will not deal with affiliates in principal transactions
unless permitted by applicable SEC rule or regulation or by SEC
exemptive order.
Portfolio
Turnover. Portfolio turnover rate is defined by the
SEC as the ratio of the lesser of sales or purchases to the monthly
average value of such securities owned during the year, excluding
all securities whose remaining maturities at the time of acquisition
were one year or less.
Portfolio
turnover may vary from year to year as well as within a year.
High turnover rates may result in comparatively greater brokerage
expenses and higher taxes (if you are investing in a taxable
account). The overall reasonableness of brokerage commissions
is evaluated by the Advisor and/or subadvisor, if applicable,
based upon their knowledge of available information as to the
general level of commissions paid by the other institutional
investors for comparable services.
Portfolio
Holdings Information
The
Trust has adopted a policy regarding the disclosure of information
about the Trust’s portfolio holdings. The Board must approve
all material amendments to this policy.
Each
fund’s portfolio holdings are publicly disseminated each
day the funds are open for business through financial reporting
and news services, including publicly accessible Internet web
sites. In addition, a basket composition file, which includes
the security names and share quantities to deliver in exchange
for fund shares, together with estimates and actual cash components,
is publicly disseminated daily prior to the opening of the Exchanges
via the NSCC. The basket represents one Creation Unit of
each fund. The Trust, the Advisor and the Administrator will
not disseminate non-public information concerning the Trust.
Net
Asset Value
Each
fund offers and issues Shares at their net asset value (“NAV”)
per Share only in aggregations of a specified number of Shares
(“Creation
Units”),
generally in exchange for a basket of securities and other instruments
included in its Underlying Index (the “Deposit
Securities”),
together with the Cash Component. For Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300
China A-Shares ETF, Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF,
and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF, each
fund offers and issues Shares at their NAV per Share only in
Creation Units, generally in exchange for a specified amount
of cash totaling the NAV of the Creation Units. Shares trade
in the secondary market at market prices that may be at,
above or below NAV. Information on the Exchange on which each
fund trades is set forth in Part I – Appendix I-I.
The
Trust’s Board has designated the Advisor as the valuation
designee for a fund pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act.
The Advisor’s Pricing Committee values securities and other
assets using the methodologies described below.
In
determining NAV, expenses are accrued and applied daily and securities
and other assets for which market quotations are available are
valued at market value. Equity investments are valued at market
value, which is generally determined using the last reported
official closing price on the exchange or market on which the
security is primarily traded at the time of valuation. Debt securities’
values are based on price quotations or other equivalent indications
of value provided by a third-party pricing service. Any such
third-party service may use a variety of methodologies to value
some or all of the fund’s debt securities to determine
the market price. For example, the prices of securities with
characteristics similar to those held by the fund may be proprietary
pricing models. In certain cases, some of the fund’s debt
securities may
be
valued at the mean between the last available bid and ask prices
for such securities or, if such prices are not available, at
prices for securities of comparable maturity, quality, and type.
Money market instruments will be valued at amortized cost.
Proxy
Voting
Each
fund has delegated proxy voting responsibilities to the Advisor,
subject to the Board’s general oversight. Each fund has
delegated proxy voting to the Advisor with the direction that
proxies should be voted consistent with each fund’s best
economic interests. The Advisor has adopted its own Proxy Voting
Policies and Procedures (Policies), and Proxy Voting Guidelines
(Guidelines) for this purpose. The Policies address, among other
things, conflicts of interest that may arise between the interests
of a fund, and the interests of the Advisor and its affiliates.
The Policies and Guidelines are included in Part
II—
Appendix II-G.
You
may obtain information about how each fund voted proxies related
to its portfolio securities during the 12-month period ended
June 30 by visiting the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov or
by visiting our website at dws.com/en-us/resources/proxy-voting.
Miscellaneous
A
fund’s prospectus(es) and this SAI omit certain information
contained in the Registration Statement which a fund has filed
with the SEC under the 1933 Act and reference is hereby made
to the Registration Statement for further information with respect
to a fund and the securities offered hereby.
Ratings
Of Investments
Bonds and Commercial
Paper Ratings
Set
forth below are descriptions of ratings (as of the date of each
rating agency’s annual ratings publication or other current
ratings publication, as applicable) which represent opinions
as to the quality of the securities. It should be emphasized,
however, that ratings are relative and subjective and are not
absolute standards of quality.
If
a fixed income security is rated differently among the three
major ratings agencies (i.e., Moody’s Investor Services,
Inc., Fitch Investors Services, Inc., and S&P Global Ratings),
portfolio management would rely on the highest credit rating
for purposes of the fund’s investment policies.
Moody’s Investors
Service, Inc. Global Long-Term Rating Scale
Moody’s
long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or obligations with
an original maturity of eleven months
or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default or impairment
on contractual financial obligations and the expected financial
loss suffered in the event of default or impairment.
Aaa
Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality,
subject to the lowest level of credit risk.
Aa
Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are
subject to very low credit risk.
A
Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are
subject to low credit risk.
Baa
Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject
to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative
characteristics.
Ba
Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject
to substantial credit risk.
B
Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject
to high credit risk.
Caa
Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing
and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca
Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in,
or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal
and interest.
C
Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in
default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note:
Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each
generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier
1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its
generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range
ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower
end of that generic rating category.
Additionally,
a “(hyb)”
indicator is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued
by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms.
By
their terms, hybrid securities allow for the omission of scheduled
dividends, interest, or principal payments, which can potentially
result in impairment if such an omission occurs. Hybrid securities
may also be subject to contractually allowable write-downs of
principal that could result in impairment. Together with the
hybrid indicator, the long-term obligation rating assigned to
a hybrid security is an expression of the relative credit risk
associated with that security.
Moody’s Investors
Service, Inc. Global Short-Term Rating Scale
Moody’s
short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original
maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect both on the likelihood
of a default or impairment on contractual financial obligations
and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default
or impairment.
P-1
Ratings of Prime-1 reflect a superior ability to repay short-term
obligations.
P-2
Ratings of Prime-2 reflect a strong ability to repay short-term
obligations.
P-3
Ratings of Prime-3 reflect an acceptable ability to repay short-term
obligations.
NP
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall
within any of the Prime rating categories.
Moody’s Investors
Service, Inc. US Municipal Short-Term Debt and Demand Obligation Ratings
Short-Term Obligation
Ratings
The
Municipal Investment Grade (MIG) scale is used to rate US municipal
cash flow notes, bond anticipation notes and certain other short-term
obligations, which typically mature in three years or less. Under
certain circumstances, the MIG scale is used for bond anticipation
notes with maturities of up to five years.
MIG
1 This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent
protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable
liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the
market for refinancing.
MIG
2 This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins
of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding
group.
MIG
3 This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity
and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for
refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG
This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt
instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.
Demand Obligation
Ratings
In
the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component
rating is assigned. The components are a long-term rating and
a short-term demand obligation rating. The long-term rating addresses
the issuer’s ability to meet scheduled principal and interest
payments. The short-term demand obligation rating addresses the
ability of the issuer or the liquidity provider to make payments
associated with the purchase-price-upon-demand feature (“demand
feature”)
of the VRDO. The short-term demand obligation rating uses the
Variable Municipal Investment Grade (VMIG) scale.
The
rating transitions on the VMIG scale differ from those on the
Prime scale to reflect the risk that external liquidity support
will terminate if the issuer's long-term rating drops below investment
grade.
VMIG
1 This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent
protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength
of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections.
VMIG
2 This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good
protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength
of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections.
VMIG
3 This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate
protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit
strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections.
SG
This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand
features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity
provider that does not have a sufficiently strong short-term
rating or may lack the structural or legal protections.
S&P Global Ratings
Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings
Investment Grade
AAA
An obligation rated 'AAA' has the highest rating assigned
by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor's capacity to meet its
financial commitments on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA
An obligation rated 'AA' differs from the highest-rated
obligations only to a small degree. The obligor's capacity to
meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.
A
An obligation rated 'A' is somewhat more susceptible to
the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic
conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However,
the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitments on the
obligation is still strong.
BBB
An obligation rated 'BBB' exhibits adequate protection
parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing
circumstances are more likely to weaken the obligor’s capacity
to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
Speculative Grade
Obligations
rated 'BB', 'B', 'CCC', 'CC', and 'C' are regarded as having
significant speculative characteristics. 'BB' indicates the least
degree of speculation and 'C' the highest. While such obligations
will likely have some quality and protective characteristics,
these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposure
to adverse conditions.
BB
An obligation rated 'BB' is less vulnerable to nonpayment
than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing
uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or
economic conditions that could lead to the obligor's inadequate
capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
B
An obligation rated 'B' is more vulnerable to nonpayment than
obligations rated 'BB', but the obligor currently has the capacity
to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. Adverse
business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair
the obligor's capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitments
on the obligation.
CCC
An obligation rated 'CCC' is currently vulnerable to nonpayment
and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic
conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments
on the obligation. In the event
of
adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor
is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitments
on the obligation.
CC
An obligation rated 'CC' is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.
The 'CC' rating is used when a default has not yet occurred but
S&P Global Ratings expects default to be a virtual certainty,
regardless of the anticipated time to default.
C
An obligation rated 'C' is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment,
and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority
or lower ultimate recovery compared with obligations that are
rated higher.
D
An obligation rated 'D' is in default or in breach of an imputed
promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D' rating category
is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date
due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments
will be made within the
next five business days in the absence of a stated
grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period
or the next 30
calendar days. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing
of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and
where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example
due to automatic stay provisions. A rating on an obligation is
lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed debt restructuring.
Plus
(+) or Minus (-) Ratings from 'AA' to 'CCC' may be
modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show
relative standing within the rating categories.
S&P Global
Ratings Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings
A-1
A short-term obligation rated 'A-1' is rated in the highest category
by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor's capacity to meet its
financial commitments on the obligation is strong. Within this
category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign
(+). This indicates that the obligor's capacity to meet its financial
commitments on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2
A short-term obligation rated 'A-2' is somewhat more susceptible
to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic
conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However,
the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitments on the
obligation is satisfactory.
A-3
A short-term obligation rated 'A-3' exhibits adequate protection
parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing
circumstances are more likely to weaken an obligor’s capacity
to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
B
A short-term obligation rated 'B' is regarded as vulnerable and
has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently
has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however,
it faces major ongoing uncertainties that could lead to the obligor's
inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
C
A short-term obligation rated 'C' is currently vulnerable to
nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial,
and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial
commitments on the obligation.
D
A short-term obligation rated 'D' is in default or in breach of
an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D'
rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not
made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes
that such payments will be made within any stated grace period.
However, any stated grace period longer than five business days
will be treated as five business days. The 'D' rating also will
be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking
of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual
certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. A rating
on an obligation is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed
debt restructuring.
SPUR
(S&P Global Ratings Underlying Rating) A SPUR is
an opinion about the stand-alone capacity of an obligor to pay
debt service on a credit-enhanced debt issue, without giving
effect to the enhancement that applies to it. These ratings are
published only at the request of the debt issuer or obligor with
the designation SPUR to distinguish them from the credit-enhanced
rating that applies to the debt issue. S&P Global Ratings
maintains surveillance of an issue with a published SPUR.
S&P Global
Ratings Municipal Short-Term Note Ratings
An
S&P Global Ratings US municipal note rating reflects S&P
Global Ratings’ opinion about the liquidity factors and
market access risks unique to the notes. Notes due in three years
or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original
maturity of more than three years will most likely receive a
long-term debt rating. In determining which type of rating, if
any, to assign, S&P Global Ratings’ analysis will review
the following considerations:
•
Amortization
schedule—the
larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more
likely it will be treated as a note; and
•
Source
of payment—the
more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing,
the more likely it will be treated as a note.
Note
rating symbols are as follows:
SP-1
Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined
to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given
a plus (+) designation.
SP-2
Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some
vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over
the term of the notes.
SP-3
Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
D
‘D’ is assigned upon failure to pay the note when
due, completion of a distressed debt restructuring, or the filing
of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and
where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example
due to automatic stay provisions.
S&P Global
Ratings Dual Ratings
Dual
ratings may be assigned to debt issues that have a put option
or demand feature. The first component of the rating addresses
the likelihood of repayment of principal and interest as due,
and the second component of the rating addresses only the demand
feature. The first component of the rating can relate to either
a short-term or long-term transaction and accordingly use either
short-term or long-term rating symbols. The second component
of the rating relates to the put option and is assigned a short-term
rating symbol (for example, 'AAA/A-1+' or 'A-1+/A-1'). With US
municipal short-term demand debt, the US municipal short-term
note rating symbols are used for the first component of the rating
(for example, 'SP-1+/A-1+').
S&P Global
Market Intelligence Earnings and Dividend Rankings for Common Stocks
S&P
Global Market Intelligence, an affiliate of S&P Global Ratings,
has provided Earnings and Dividend Rankings, commonly referred
to as Quality Rankings, on common stocks since 1956. Quality
Rankings reflect the long-term growth and stability of a company’s
earnings and dividends.
The
Quality Rankings System attempts to capture the long-term growth
and stability of earnings and dividends record in a single system.
In assessing Quality Rankings, S&P Global Market Intelligence
recognizes that earnings and dividend performance is the end
result of the interplay of various factors such as products and
industry position, corporate resources and financial policy.
Over the long run, the record of earnings and dividend performance
has a considerable bearing on the relative quality of stocks.
The
rankings, however, do not profess to reflect all of the factors,
tangible or intangible, that bear on stock quality.
The
rankings are generated by a computerized system and are based
on per-share earnings and dividend records of the most recent
10 years – a period long enough to measure significant
secular (long-term) growth, capture indications of changes in
trend as they develop, encompass the full peak-to-peak range
of the business cycle, and include a bull and a bear market.
Basic scores are computed for earnings and dividends, and then
adjusted as indicated by a set of predetermined modifiers for
change in the rate of growth, stability within long-term trend,
and cyclicality. Adjusted scores for earnings and dividends are
then combined to yield a final ranking.
The
ranking system makes allowance for the fact that corporate size
generally imparts certain advantages from an investment standpoint.
Conversely, minimum size limits (in sales volume) are set for
the various rankings. However, the system provides for making
exceptions where the score reflects an outstanding earnings and
dividend record. The following table shows the letter classifications
and brief descriptions of Quality Rankings.
The
ranking system grants some exceptions to the pure quantitative
rank. Thus, if a company has not paid any dividend over the past
10 years, it is very unlikely that it will rank higher than A-.
In addition, companies may receive a bonus score based on their
sales volume (higher sales are viewed as better for stability).
If a company omits a dividend on preferred stock, it will receive
a rank of no better than C that year. If a company pays a dividend
on the common stock, it is highly unlikely that the rank will
be below B-, even if it has incurred losses. In addition, if
a company files for bankruptcy, the model’s rank is automatically
changed to D.
Fitch Ratings Long-Term
Ratings
Investment Grade
AAA:
Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation
of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally
strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity
is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA:
Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of
very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for
payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly
vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A:
High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low
default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments
is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more
vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is
the case for higher ratings.
BBB:
Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that expectations
of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of
financial commitments is considered adequate, but adverse business
or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
Speculative Grade
BB:
Speculative. ‘BB’ ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability
to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes
in business or economic conditions over time; however, business
or financial flexibility exists that supports the servicing of
financial commitments.
B:
Highly speculative. ‘B’ ratings indicate that material default
risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial
commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued
payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic
environment.
CCC:
Substantial credit risk. Very low margin for safety.
Default is a real possibility.
CC:
Very high levels of credit risk. Default of some kind appears
probable.
C:
Near default. A default or default-like process has begun, or
the issuer is in standstill, or for a closed funding vehicle, payment
capacity is irrevocably impaired. Conditions that are indicative
of a ‘C’ category rating for an issuer include:
a.
the issuer has entered into a grace or cure period following non-payment
of a material financial obligation;
b.
the issuer has entered into a temporary negotiated waiver or
standstill agreement following a payment default on a material
financial obligation;
c.
the formal announcement by the issuer or their agent of a distressed
debt exchange;
d.
a closed financing vehicle where payment capacity is irrevocably
impaired such that it is not expected to pay interest and/or
principal in full during the life of the transaction, but where
no payment default is imminent.
RD:
Restricted default. ‘RD’ ratings indicate an issuer that in
Fitch’s opinion has experienced:
a.
an uncured payment default or distressed debt exchange on a bond,
loan or other material financial obligation, but
b.
has not entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership,
liquidation, or other formal winding-up procedure, and
c.
has not otherwise ceased operating.
This
would include:
i.
the selective payment default on a specific class or currency
of debt;
ii.
the uncured expiry of any applicable grace period, cure period
or default forbearance period following a payment default on
a bank loan, capital markets security or other material financial
obligation;
iii.
the extension of multiple waivers or forbearance periods upon
a payment default on one or more material financial obligations,
either in series or in parallel; ordinary execution of a distressed
debt exchange on one or more material financial obligations.
D:
Default. ‘D’ ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch’s opinion
has entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership,
liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure or that has
otherwise ceased business.
Default
ratings are not assigned prospectively to entities or their obligations;
within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains
a deferral feature or grace period will generally not be considered
a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace
period, unless a default is otherwise driven by bankruptcy or
other similar circumstance, or by a distressed debt exchange.
In
all cases, the assignment of a default rating reflects the agency’s
opinion as to the most appropriate rating category consistent
with the rest of its universe of ratings, and may differ from
the definition of default under the terms of an issuer’s
financial obligations or local commercial practice.
Within
rating categories, Fitch may use modifiers. The modifiers “+”
or “-”
may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within
major rating categories. For example, the rating category ‘AA’
has three notch-specific rating levels (‘AA+’; ‘AA’;
‘AA–‘; each a rating level). Such suffixes are
not added to ‘AAA’ ratings and ratings below the ‘CCC’ category.
For the short-term rating category of ‘F1’, a ‘+’ may
be appended.
Fitch Ratings Short-Term
Ratings
F1:
Highest Short-Term Credit Quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic
capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have
an added “+”
to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2:
Good Short-Term Credit Quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely
payment of financial commitments.
F3:
Fair Short-Term Credit Quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely
payment of financial commitments is adequate.
B:
Speculative Short-Term Credit Quality. Minimal capacity for timely
payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability
to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C:
High Short-Term Default risk. Default is a real possibility.
RD:
Restricted Default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on
one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues
to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to
entity ratings only.
D:
Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity,
or the default of a short-term obligation.
Part
II: Appendix II-A—Board
Members and Officers
Identification
and Background
The
Board has responsibility for the overall management and operations of the funds, including general supervision of
the duties performed by the Advisor and other service providers. Each Board Member serves until his or her successor is
duly elected or appointed and qualified. Each officer serves until he or she resigns, is removed, dies, retires or becomes
disqualified.
The
Trust currently has three Board Members. The three Independent Board Members have no affiliation or business connection
with the Advisor or any of its affiliated persons and do not own any stock or other securities issued by the
Advisor.
The
Independent Board Members of the Trust, their term of office and length of time served, their principal business occupations
during the past five years, the number of portfolios in the fund complex (defined below) overseen by each
Independent Board Member, and other directorships, if any, held by the Board Members are shown below. The fund
complex includes all registered open- and closed-end funds (including all of their portfolios) advised by the Advisor and
any registered funds that have an investment advisor that is an affiliated person of the Advisor. As of the date of this
SAI, the fund complex consists of the funds in the Trust, as well as the registered funds advised by affiliates of the
Advisor.
Shareholder
Communications to the Board. Shareholders may send communications
to the Trust’s Board by addressing the communications directly
to the Board (or individual Board Members) and/or otherwise clearly indicating in the salutation
that the communication is for the Board (or individual Board Members). The shareholder may send the communication
to either the Trust’s office or directly to such Board members c/o 875 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022.
Other shareholder communications received by the Trust not directly addressed and sent to the Board will be reviewed
and generally responded to by management. Such communications will be forwarded to the Board at management’s discretion
based on the matters contained therein.
Independent Board
Members
Name,
Year of Birth,
Position
with
the Trust and Length
|
Business
Experience and
Directorships
During the Past 5 Years |
Number
of
Portfolios
in
Fund
Complex
Overseen
|
Other
Directorships
Held
by
Board
Member |
Stephen
R. Byers
(1953)Chairperson
since
2016,
and
Board Member since
2011
(formerly, Lead
Independent
Board
Member,
2015-2016) |
Independent
Director (2011- present);
Independent
Consultant (2014-present);
Director
of Investment Management, the
Dreyfus
Corporation (2000-2006) and Vice
Chairman
and Chief Investment Officer, the
Dreyfus
Corporation (2002-2006). |
|
The
Arbitrage Funds, Sierra
Income
Corporation, Mutual
Fund
Directors Forum |
George
O. Elston (1964)
Board
Member since 2011,
Chairperson
of the Audit
Committee
since 2015 |
Chief
Financial Officer, EyePoint
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. (2019-present); Chief
Financial
Officer, Enzyvant (2018-2019);
Chief
Executive Officer, 2X Oncology, Inc.
(2017-2018);
Senior Vice President and Chief
Financial
Officer, Juniper Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.
(2014-2016); Senior Vice President and
Chief
Financial Officer, KBI BioPharma Inc.
(2013-2014);
Managing Partner, Chatham
Street
Partners (2010-2013). |
|
|
J.
David Officer (1948)
Board
Member since 2011,
Chairperson
of the
Nominating
Committee
since
2015 |
Independent
Director (2010-present); Vice
Chairman,
the Dreyfus Corporation (2006-
2009);
President, The Dreyfus Family of
Funds,
Inc. (2006-2009). |
|
(Chairman
of) Ilex
Management
Ltd; Old
Westbury
Funds |
Officers(2)
Name,
Year of Birth, Position
with
the Trust and Length of
|
Business
Experience and
Directorships
During the Past 5 Years |
Freddi
Klassen(4)
(1975)
President
and Chief Executive
Officer,
2016-present |
Programmes
(Head since 2021), of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. and
Manager
and Chief Operating Officer of the Advisor (2016–present). Formerly: Chief
Operating
Officer in the Americas for the Traditional Asset Classes Department (2014–
2020);
Manager and Chief Operating Officer of DWS Investment Management
Americas,
Inc. (2018–2020); Global Chief Operating Officer for Equities Technology in
the
Investment Bank Division at Deutsche Bank AG (2013-2014); Chief Operating
Officer
for Exchange Traded Funds and Systematic Funds in Europe (2008-2013). |
Diane
Kenneally(5)
(1966)
Treasurer,
Chief Financial
Officer
and Controller, 2019-
present
|
Fund
Administration Treasurer’s Office (Co-Head since 2018), of DWS Investment
Management
Americas, Inc.; Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer for DWS US
registered
investment companies advised by DWS Investment Management Americas,
Inc.
(2018-present); Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer, The European Equity Fund,
Inc.,
The New Germany Fund, Inc. and The Central and Eastern Europe Fund, Inc.
(2018-present);
formerly: Assistant Treasurer for the DWS funds (2007-2018). |
Frank
Gecsedi(4)
(1967)
Chief
Compliance Officer,
2010-present
|
AFC
Compliance US (Senior Team Lead), of DWS Investment Management Americas,
Inc.;
Compliance Department (2016-present), Vice President in the Deutsche Asset
Management
Compliance Department at Deutsche Bank AG (2013-2016) and Chief
Compliance
Officer of the Advisor (2010-present); Chief Compliance Officer of DWS
Distributors,
Inc. (2019-2022); Vice President in Deutsche Bank’s Global Markets Legal,
Risk
and Capital Division (2010-2012). |
Bryan
Richards(4)
(1978)
Vice
President, 2016-present |
Portfolio
Engineering, Systematic Investments Solutions (Head), of DWS Investment
Management
Americas, Inc.(2018-present); Portfolio Manager in the Passive Asset
Management
Department at DWS (2011-present); Primary Portfolio Manager for the
PowerShares
DB Commodity ETFs (2011-2015). |
John
Millette(5)
(1962)
Secretary,
2020-present |
Legal
(Associate General Counsel), DWS US Retail Legal (2003-present), of DWS
Investment
Management Americas, Inc.; Vice President and Secretary of DWS US
registered
investment companies advised by DWS Investment Management Americas,
Inc.
(1999-present); Chief Legal Officer, DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc.
(2015-present);
Director and Vice President of DWS Trust Company (2016-present); Vice
President,
DBX Advisors LLC (2021-present); Secretary, The European Equity Fund,
Inc.,
The New Germany Fund, Inc. and The Central and Eastern Europe Fund, Inc.
(2011-present);
formerly: Secretary of Deutsche Investment Management Americas
Inc.
(2015-2017); and Assistant Secretary of DBX ETF Trust (2019-2020). |
Caroline
Pearson (5)
(1962)
Assistant
Secretary, 2020-
present
|
Legal
(Senior Team Lead), DWS US Retail Legal, of DWS Investment Management
Americas,
Inc.; Chief Legal Officer of DWS US registered investment companies
advised
by DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. (2010-present); Chief Legal
Officer,
DBX Advisors LLC (2020-present); Chief Legal Officer, The European Equity
Fund,
Inc., The New Germany Fund, Inc. and The Central and Eastern Europe Fund, Inc.
(2012-present);
formerly: Secretary, Deutsche AM Distributors, Inc. (2002-2017);
Secretary,
Deutsche AM Service Company (2010-2017); and Chief Legal Officer, DBX
Strategic
Advisors LLC (2020-2021). |
Paul
Antosca(5)
(1957)
Assistant
Treasurer, 2019-
present
|
Fund
Administration Tax (Head), of DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc.;
Assistant
Treasurer for DWS US registered investment companies advised by DWS
Investment
Management Americas, Inc. (2007-present). |
Jeffrey
Berry(5)
(1959)
Assistant
Treasurer, 2019-
present
|
Fund
Administration (Senior Specialist), of DWS Investment Management Americas,
Inc.
|
Sheila
Cadogan(5)
(1966)
Assistant
Treasurer, 2019-
present
|
Fund
Administration Treasurer’s Office (Co-Head since 2018), of DWS Investment
Management
Americas, Inc.; Assistant Treasurer for DWS US registered investment
companies
advised by DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. (2017-present);
Director
and Vice President, DWS Trust Company (2018-present); Assistant Treasurer,
The
European Equity Fund, Inc., The New Germany Fund, Inc. and The Central and
Eastern
Europe Fund, Inc. (2018-present). |
Christina
A. Morse(6)
(1964)
Assistant
Secretary, 2017-
present
|
Vice
President at BNY Mellon Asset Servicing (2014-present); Vice President and
Counsel
at Lord Abbett & Co. LLC (2013-2014). |
Name,
Year of Birth, Position
with
the Trust and Length of
Time
Served(3)
|
Business
Experience and
Directorships
During the Past 5 Years |
Christian
Rijs(4)(1980)
Anti-Money
Laundering
Compliance
Officer, since
October
21, 2021 |
Senior
Team Lead Anti-Financial Crime and Compliance, of DWS Investment
Management
Americas, Inc.; AML Officer, DWS Trust Company (since November 2,
2021);
AML Officer, DWS US registered investment companies advised by DWS
Investment
Management Americas, Inc. (since October 6, 2021); AML Officer, The
European
Equity Fund, Inc., The New Germany Fund, Inc. and The Central and Eastern
Europe
Fund, Inc. (since November 12, 2021); formerly: DWS UK & Ireland Head of
Anti-Financial
Crime and MLRO. |
(1)
The
length of time served is represented by the year in which the Board Member joined the Board.
(2)
As
a result of their respective positions held with the Advisor and its affiliates, these individuals are considered “interested
persons”
of the Advisor within the meaning of the 1940 Act. Interested
persons receive no compensation from the fund.
(3)
The
length of time served is represented by the year in which the officer was first elected to the Trust in such capacity.
(4)
Address:
875 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10022.
(5)
Address:
100 Summer Street, Boston, MA 02110.
(6)
Address:
BNY Mellon Asset Servicing, 240 Greenwich Street, New York, NY 10286.
Certain
officers hold similar positions for other investment companies for which DBX or an affiliate serves as the Advisor.
Board Member Qualifications
The
Board has concluded that, based on each Board Member’s experience, qualifications and attributes, each Board Member
should serve as a Board Member. Following is a brief summary of the information that led to this conclusion:
Mr.
Byers gained extensive experience with a variety of financial, accounting, management, regulatory and operational issues
facing registered investment companies through his more than 30 years of experience on the boards and/or in
senior management of such companies as The Arbitrage Funds, Sierra Income Corporation, Mutual Fund Directors Forum,
College of William and Mary - Graduate School of Business, Lighthouse Growth Advisors LLC, Founders Asset Management,
LLC, The Dreyfus Corporation, Gruntal & Co., LLC, Painewebber, Citibank/Citicorp and American Airlines. Mr.
Byers possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which registered investment companies must
operate and can provide management input and investment guidance to the Board.
Through
Mr. Elston’s prior positions on the boards and in senior management of such companies as Juniper Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
KBI BioPharma, Inc., Celldex Therapeutics, Inc., Optherion, Inc. and Elusys Therapeutics, Mr. Elston has experience with
a variety of financial, management, regulatory and operational issues as well as experience with marketing and distribution.
Mr. Elston also has experience as a managing partner of Chatham Partners LLC, as the Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer at Juniper Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and as the Chief Executive Officer at 2X Oncology, Inc. and
Chief Financial Officer of Enzyvant.
Mr.
Officer has over 30 years of experience in the financial services industry and related fields, including his positions on
the boards and/or in senior management of such companies as Ilex Partners (Asia), LLC, Old Westbury Funds, MAN
Long/Short Fund, GLG Investment Series Trust, The Bank of New York Mellon, The Dreyfus Corporation, Laurel Capital
Advisors and Bank of New England. In addition to his experience with financial, investment and regulatory matters,
Mr. Officer has extensive accounting knowledge through his education and experience as a principal financial officer,
principal accounting officer, controller, public accountant or auditor at his previous positions.
Part II:
Appendix II-B—Portfolio
Management Compensation
For funds advised
by DBX or its Affiliates
Each
Portfolio Manager is responsible for various functions related to portfolio management, including, but not limited to,
investing cash inflows, coordinating with members of his or her team to focus on certain asset classes, implementing investment
strategy, researching and reviewing investment strategy and overseeing members of his or her portfolio management
team with more limited responsibilities.
Compensation of
Portfolio Managers
The
Advisor and its affiliates are part of DWS. The brand DWS represents DWS Group GmbH & Co. KGaA (“DWS
Group”)
and any of its subsidiaries such as DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. and RREEF America L.L.C. which
offer advisory services. As employees of DWS, portfolio managers are paid on a total compensation basis, which
includes Fixed Pay (base salary) and Variable Compensation, as follows:
•
Fixed
Pay (FP) is the key and primary element of compensation for the majority of DWS employees and reflects the
value of the individual’s role and function within the organization. It rewards factors that an employee brings to
the organization such as skills and experience, while reflecting regional and divisional (i.e., DWS) specifics. FP levels
play a significant role in ensuring competitiveness of the Advisor and its affiliates in the labor market, thus benchmarking
provides a valuable input when determining FP levels.
•
Variable
Compensation (VC) is a discretionary compensation element that enables DWS
Group to provide additional reward
to employees for their performance and behaviors, while reflecting DWS Group’s
affordability and financial
situation.
VC aims to:
Recognize
that every employee contributes to DWS’s
success through the franchise component
of Variable Compensation
(Franchise
Component);
Reflect
individual performance, investment performance, behaviors and culture through discretionary individual VC
(Individual Component); and
Reward
outstanding contributions at the junior levels through the discretionary Recognition Award.
Employee
seniority as well as divisional and regional specifics determine which VC elements are applicable for a given employee
and the conditions under which they apply. Both Franchise and
Individual Components may be awarded in shares
or other share-based instruments and other deferral arrangements.
•
VC
can be delivered via cash, restricted equity awards, and/or restricted incentive awards or restricted compensation. Restricted
compensation may include:
Notional
fund investments;
Restricted
equity, notional equity;
Restricted
cash; or
Such
other form as DWS may decide in its sole discretion.
•
VC
comprises a greater proportion of total compensation as an employee’s seniority and total compensation level increase.
Proportion of VC delivered via a long-term incentive award, which is subject to performance conditions and
forfeiture provisions, will increase significantly as the amount of the VC increases.
•
Additional
forfeiture and claw back provisions, including complete forfeiture and claw back of VC may apply in certain
events if an employee is an InstVV [CRD IV EU Directive4] Material Risk Taker.
•
For
key investment professionals, in particular, a portion of any long-term incentives will be in the form of notional investments
aligned, where possible, to a suite of flagship funds managed by the DWS ETF platform.
To
evaluate their investment professionals in light of and consistent with the compensation principles set forth above, the
Advisor and its affiliates review investment performance for all accounts managed in relation to a fund’s underlying index:
•
Quantitative
measures (e.g. tracking error and tracking difference) are utilized to measure performance.
•
Qualitative
measures (e.g., adherence to, as well as contributions to, the enhancement of the investment process) are
included in the performance review.
•
Other
factors (e.g., non-investment related performance, teamwork, adherence to compliance rules, risk management and
“living
the values”
of the Advisor and its affiliates) are included as part of a discretionary component of the review
process, giving management the ability to consider additional markers of performance on a subjective basis.
•
Furthermore,
it is important to note that DWS Group functions within a controlled environment based upon the risk
limits established by DWS Group's Risk division, in conjunction with DWS Group management. Because risk
consideration is inherent in all business activities, performance assessment factors in an employee’s ability to
assess and manage risk.
Conflicts
Real,
potential or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager has day-to-day portfolio management responsibilities
with respect to more than one fund or account, including the following:
•
Certain
investments may be appropriate for a fund and also for other clients advised by the Advisor and their affiliates,
including other client accounts managed by a fund’s portfolio management team. Investment decisions for
a fund and other clients are made with a view to achieving their respective investment objectives and after consideration
of such factors as their current holdings, availability of cash for investment and the size of their investments
generally. A particular security may be bought or sold for only one client or in different amounts and at
different times for more than one but less than all clients. Likewise, because clients of the Advisor and their affiliates
may have differing investment strategies, a particular security may be bought for one or more clients when
one or more other clients are selling the security. The investment results achieved for a fund may differ from
the results achieved for other clients of the Advisor and their affiliates. In addition, purchases or sales of the
same security may be made for two or more clients on the same day. In such event, such transactions will be
allocated among the clients in a manner believed by the Advisor and their affiliates to be most equitable to each
client, generally utilizing a pro rata allocation methodology. In some cases, the allocation procedure could potentially
have an adverse effect or positive effect on the price or amount of the securities purchased or sold by
a fund. Purchase and sale orders for a fund may be combined with those of other clients of the Advisor and their
affiliates in the interest of achieving the most favorable net results to a fund and the other clients.
•
To
the extent that a portfolio manager has responsibilities for managing multiple client accounts, a portfolio manager will
need to divide time and attention among relevant accounts. The Advisor and their affiliates attempt to minimize these
conflicts by aligning its portfolio management teams by investment strategy and by employing similar investment models
across multiple client accounts.
•
In
some cases, an apparent conflict may arise where the Advisor has an incentive, such as a performance-based fee,
in managing one account and not with respect to other accounts it manages. The Advisor and their affiliates will
not determine allocations based on whether it receives a performance-based fee from the client. Additionally, the
Advisor has in place supervisory oversight processes to periodically monitor performance deviations for accounts with
like strategies.
•
The
Advisor and its affiliates and the investment team of a fund may manage other mutual funds and separate accounts
on a long only or a long-short basis. The simultaneous management of long and short portfolios creates potential
conflicts of interest including the risk that short sale activity could adversely affect the market value of the
long positions (and vice versa), the risk arising from sequential orders in long and short positions, and the risks
associated with receiving opposing orders at the same time. The Advisor has adopted procedures that it believes
are reasonably designed to mitigate these and other potential conflicts of interest. Included in these procedures
are specific guidelines developed to provide fair and equitable treatment for all clients whose accounts are
managed by each fund’s portfolio management team. The Advisor and the portfolio management team have established
monitoring procedures, a protocol for supervisory reviews, as well as compliance oversight to ensure that
potential conflicts of interest relating to this type of activity are properly addressed.
The
Advisor is owned by the DWS Group, a multinational global financial services firm that is a majority-owned subsidiary of
Deutsche Bank AG. Therefore, the Advisor is affiliated with a variety of entities that provide, and/or engage in commercial banking,
insurance, brokerage, investment banking, financial advisory, broker-dealer activities (including sales and trading), hedge
funds, real estate and private equity investing, in addition to the provision of investment management services to
institutional and individual investors. Since Deutsche Bank AG, its affiliates, directors, officers and employees (the “Firm”)
are engaged in businesses and have interests in addition to managing asset management accounts, such wide
ranging activities involve real, potential or apparent conflicts of interest. These interests and activities include potential
advisory, transactional and financial activities and other interests in securities and companies that may be directly
or indirectly purchased or sold by the Firm for its clients’ advisory accounts. The Advisor may take investment positions
in securities in which other clients or related persons within the Firm have different investment positions. There
may be instances in which the Advisor and their affiliates are purchasing or selling for their client accounts, or pursuing
an outcome in the context of a workout or restructuring with respect to, securities in which the Firm is undertaking
the same or differing strategy in other businesses or other client accounts. These are considerations of which
advisory clients should be aware and which will cause conflicts that could be to the disadvantage of the Advisor, and
their affiliate’s advisory clients, including the fund. The Advisor has instituted business and compliance policies, procedures
and disclosures that are designed to identify, monitor and mitigate conflicts of interest and, as appropriate, to
report them to a fund’s Board.
For funds advised
by HGI
Compensation
HGI
compensates the funds’ portfolio managers for their management of the funds. HGI pays portfolio managers (i) fixed
base salaries, which are linked to job function, responsibilities and financial services industry peer comparison, and
(ii) variable compensation, which is linked to investment performance, individual contributions to the team, and the
overall financial results of the firm. Variable compensation may include a cash bonus, as well as potential participation in
a variety of long-term incentive programs. There is no material difference in the method used to calculate the portfolio manager’s
compensation with respect to the funds and other accounts managed by the portfolio manager. HGI maintains competitive
salaries for all employees, based on independent research of the investment management industry.
Conflicts
Real,
potential or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager has day-to-day portfolio management responsibilities
with respect to more than one fund or account, including the following:
•
Certain
investments may be appropriate for a fund and also for other clients advised by the Advisor, including other
client accounts managed by a fund’s portfolio management team. Investment decisions for a fund and other
clients are made with a view to achieving their respective investment objectives and after consideration of
such factors as their current holdings, availability of cash for investment and the size of their investments generally. A
particular security may be bought or sold for only one client or in different amounts and at different times for more
than one but less than all clients. Likewise, because clients of the Advisor may have differing investment strategies,
a particular security may be bought for one or more clients when one or more other clients are selling the
security. The investment results achieved for a fund may differ from the results achieved for other clients of the
Advisor. In addition, purchases or sales of the same security may be made for two or more clients on the same
day. In such event, such transactions will be allocated among the clients in a manner believed by the Advisor to
be most equitable to each client, generally utilizing a pro rata allocation methodology. In some cases, the allocation procedure
could potentially have an adverse effect or positive effect on the price or amount of the securities purchased
or sold by a fund. Purchase and sale orders for a fund may be combined with those of other clients of
the Advisor in the interest of achieving the most favorable net results to a fund and the other clients.
•
To
the extent that a portfolio manager has responsibilities for managing multiple client accounts, a portfolio manager will
need to divide time and attention among relevant accounts. The Advisor attempts to minimize these conflicts by
aligning its portfolio management teams by investment strategy and by employing similar investment models across
multiple client accounts.
•
In
some cases, an apparent conflict may arise where the Advisor has an incentive, such as a performance-based fee,
in managing one account and not with respect to other accounts it manages. The Advisor will not determine allocations
based on whether it receives a performance-based fee from the client. Additionally, the Advisor has in
place supervisory oversight processes to periodically monitor performance deviations for accounts with like strategies.
•
The
Advisor and its affiliates and the investment team of a fund may manage other mutual funds and separate accounts
on a long only or a long-short basis. The simultaneous management of long and short portfolios creates potential
conflicts of interest including the risk that short sale activity could adversely affect the market value of the
long positions (and vice versa), the risk arising from sequential orders in long and short positions, and the risks
associated with receiving opposing orders at the same time. The Advisor has adopted procedures that it believes
are reasonably designed to mitigate these and other potential conflicts of interest. Included in these procedures
are specific guidelines developed to provide fair and equitable treatment for all clients whose accounts are
managed by each fund’s portfolio management team. The Advisor and the portfolio management team have established
monitoring procedures, a protocol for supervisory reviews, as well as compliance oversight to ensure that
potential conflicts of interest relating to this type of activity are properly addressed.
HGI
is affiliated with DWS Group, a multinational global financial services firm that is a majority-owned subsidiary of Deutsche
Bank AG. Therefore, the Advisor is affiliated with a variety of entities that provide, and/or engage in commercial banking,
insurance, brokerage, investment banking, financial advisory, broker-dealer activities (including sales and trading), hedge
funds, real estate and private equity investing, in addition to the provision of investment management services to
institutional and individual investors. Since Deutsche Bank AG, its affiliates, directors, officers and employees (the “Firm”)
are engaged in businesses and have interests in addition to managing asset management accounts, such wide
ranging activities involve real, potential or apparent conflicts of interest. These interests and activities include potential
advisory, transactional and financial activities and other interests in securities and companies that may be directly
or indirectly purchased or sold by the Firm for its clients’ advisory accounts. The Advisor may take investment positions
in securities in which other clients or related persons within the Firm have different investment positions. There
may be instances in which the Advisor is purchasing or selling for its client accounts, or pursuing an outcome in
the context of a workout or restructuring with respect to, securities in which the Firm is undertaking the same or differing
strategy in other businesses or other client accounts. These are considerations of which advisory clients should
be aware and which will cause conflicts that could be to the disadvantage of the Advisor’s advisory clients, including
the fund. The Advisor has instituted business and compliance policies, procedures and disclosures that are designed
to identify, monitor and mitigate conflicts of interest and, as appropriate, to report them to a fund’s Board.
Part II:
Appendix II-C—Contractual
Fee Rates of Service Providers
Fees payable to
DBX for investment advisory services
The
Unitary Advisory Fee for each fund, at the annual percentage rate of daily net assets, is indicated below:
|
Unitary
Advisory Fee Rate |
MSCI
Currency Hedged Funds |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US Hedged Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Emerging Markets Hedged Equity
ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Europe Hedged Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Eurozone Hedged Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Germany Hedged Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Japan Hedged Equity ETF |
|
|
|
Xtrackers
International Real Estate ETF |
|
|
|
Xtrackers
Emerging Markets Carbon Reduction and
Climate
Improvers ETF |
|
Xtrackers
FTSE Developed Ex US Multifactor ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All World ex US High Dividend Yield
Equity
ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE ESG Leaders Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI EAFE High Dividend Yield Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Emerging Markets ESG Leaders
Equity
ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI Kokusai Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers
MSCI USA ESG Leaders Equity ETF |
|
Xtrackers
Net Zero Pathway Paris Aligned US Equity
ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
Russell 1000 US Quality at a Reasonable
Price
ETF |
|
Xtrackers
Russell US Multifactor ETF |
|
Xtrackers
S&P 500 ESG ETF |
|
Xtrackers
S&P MidCap 400 ESG ETF |
|
Xtrackers
S&P SmallCap 600 ESG ETF |
|
|
|
Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF |
|
Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap
ETF
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI All China Equity ETF(1)
|
|
Xtrackers
MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF |
|
|
|
Xtrackers
Bloomberg US Investment Grade Corporate
ESG
ETF |
|
|
Unitary
Advisory Fee Rate |
Xtrackers
High Beta High Yield Bond ETF |
|
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG Emerging Markets
Sovereign
ETF |
|
Xtrackers
J.P. Morgan ESG USD High Yield Corporate
Bond
ETF |
|
Xtrackers
Low Beta High Yield Bond ETF |
|
Xtrackers
Municipal Infrastructure Revenue Bond ETF |
|
Xtrackers
Risk Managed USD High Yield Strategy
|
|
Xtrackers
Short Duration High Yield Bond ETF |
|
Xtrackers
USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF |
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(1)
Shareholders
of a fund also indirectly bear their pro rata share of the operating expenses, including the Unitary Advisory
Fee or management fee paid to DBX or other investment advisor (which may include affiliates of DBX), of
the underlying funds in which a fund invests.
Part II:
Appendix II-D—Firms
With Which DBX Has Revenue Sharing Arrangements
The
list of financial representatives below is as of the date of this SAI. Any additions, modifications or deletions to the
list of financial representatives identified below that have occurred since the date of this SAI are not reflected. You
can ask your financial representative if it receives revenue sharing payments from the Advisor, the Distributor and/or
their affiliates.
Pershing
LLC
TD
Ameritrade, Inc.
Dorsey,
Wright & Associates, LLC
Part II:
Appendix II-E—Investments,
Practices and Techniques, and Risks
To
the extent that a fund invests in an Underlying Fund, or one or more affiliated ETFs,
certain of these risks would also apply to that fund.
To the extent that a fund invests in an affiliated money market fund, see “INVESTMENTS,
PRACTICES AND TECHNIQUES, AND RISKS OF THE UNDERLYING MONEY MARKET
FUNDS”
below.
Adjustable
Rate Securities. The interest rates paid on the adjustable rate
securities in which a fund invests generally are readjusted at
periodic intervals, usually by reference to a predetermined interest rate index. Adjustable rate securities include
US Government securities and securities of other issuers. Some adjustable rate securities are backed by pools of
mortgage loans. There are three main categories of interest rate indices: those based on US Treasury securities, those
derived from a calculated measure such as a cost of funds index and those based on a moving average of mortgage
rates. Commonly used indices include the one-year, three-year and five-year constant maturity Treasury rates,
the three-month Treasury bill rate, the 180-day Treasury bill rate, rates on longer-term Treasury securities, the 11th
District Federal Home Loan Bank Cost of Funds, the National Median Cost of Funds, the one-month, three-month, six-month
or one-year London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the prime rate of a specific bank or commercial paper rates.
As with fixed-rates securities, changes in market interest rates and changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness may
affect the value of adjustable rate securities.
Some
indices, such as the one-year constant maturity Treasury rate, closely mirror changes in market interest rate levels.
Others, such as the 11th District Home Loan Bank Cost of Funds index (Cost of Funds Index), tend to lag behind changes
in market rate levels and tend to be somewhat less volatile. To the extent that the Cost of Funds index may reflect
interest changes on a more delayed basis than other indices, in a period of rising interest rates, any increase may
produce a higher yield later than would be produced by such other indices, and in a period of declining interest rates,
the Cost of Funds index may remain higher for a longer period of time than other market interest rates, which may
result in a higher level of principal prepayments on adjustable rate securities which adjust in accordance with the
Cost of Funds index than adjustable rate securities which adjust in accordance with other indices. In addition, dislocations
in the member institutions of the 11th District Federal Home Loan Bank in recent years have caused and may
continue to cause the Cost of Funds index to change for reasons unrelated to changes in general interest rate levels.
Furthermore, any movement in the Cost of Funds index as compared to other indices based upon specific interest
rates may be affected by changes in the method used to calculate the Cost of Funds index.
If
prepayments of principal are made on the securities during periods of rising interest rates, a fund generally will be able
to reinvest such amounts in securities with a higher current rate of return. However, a fund will not benefit from increases
in interest rates to the extent that interest rates rise to the point where they cause the current coupon of adjustable
rate securities held as investments by a fund to exceed the maximum allowable annual or lifetime reset limits
(cap rates) for a particular adjustable rate security. Also, a fund’s net asset value could vary to the extent that current
yields on adjustable rate securities are different than market yields during interim periods between coupon reset
dates.
During
periods of declining interest rates, the coupon rates may readjust downward, resulting in lower yields to a fund.
Further, because of this feature, the value of adjustable rate securities is unlikely to rise during periods of declining interest
rates to the same extent as fixed-rate instruments. Interest rate declines may result in accelerated prepayment of
adjustable rate securities, and the proceeds from such prepayments must be reinvested at lower prevailing interest rates.
LIBOR,
the benchmark rate for certain floating rate securities, has
been phased out as of the end of 2021
for most maturities and currencies,
although certain widely used
US Dollar LIBOR rates are expected to
continue to be published through
June 2023 to assist with the transition. The transition process
from LIBOR towards its expected replacement reference rate with
the Secured Overnight Financing Rate
(SOFR)
for US
Dollar
LIBOR rates has become increasingly well
defined,
especially following the signing of the federal
Adjustable Interest
Rate (LIBOR)
Act in
March 2022
(discussed
below).
There is no assurance that the composition or characteristics of any such alternative reference rate will be
similar
to or produce the same value or economic equivalence as LIBOR or that it will have the same volume or liquidity as
did LIBOR prior to its discontinuance or unavailability, which may affect the value or liquidity or return on certain of
a fund’s investments and result in costs incurred in connection with closing out positions and entering into new trades.
The
LIBOR transition process might lead to increased volatility and
illiquidity in markets for, and reduce the effectiveness of new
hedges placed against, instruments whose terms currently include LIBOR. While some existing LIBOR-based instruments
may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate-setting methodology,
there may be significant uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of any such alternative methodologies to
replicate LIBOR. Some
existing LIBOR-based instruments may not have
alternative rate-setting provisions and there remains uncertainty
regarding the willingness and ability of issuers and counterparties
to add alternative rate-setting provisions
in certain existing instruments. On March 15, 2022, the federal
Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act was signed into law, which
provides a statutory alternative rate-setting methodology on a nationwide basis for certain LIBOR-based
instruments that contain no, or insufficient, alternative rate-setting provisions. Following the June 2023 cessation
date or an alternative date determined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Federal Reserve
Board), the LIBOR Act will, by operation of law, replace LIBOR in such instruments with an alternative benchmark rate
that is selected by the Federal Reserve Board and based on the SOFR. The LIBOR Act provides that the Federal Reserve
Board shall promulgate implementing regulations within 180 days of enactment. The transition of LIBOR-based instruments
from LIBOR to a replacement rate as a result of amendment, application of existing alternative rate-setting provisions,
statutory requirements or otherwise may result in a reduction in the value of certain instruments held by a
fund or a reduction in the effectiveness of related fund transactions such as hedges. An instrument’s transition to a
replacement rate could also result in variations in the reported yields of a fund that holds such instrument.
In addition, a liquid market for newly-issued instruments that
use a reference rate other than LIBOR still may be developing. There may
also be challenges for a fund to enter into hedging transactions against such newly-issued instruments until a market
for such hedging transactions develops. All of the aforementioned may adversely affect a fund’s performance or
net asset value.
Borrowing.
Under the 1940 Act, a fund is required to maintain continuous asset coverage of 300% with respect to permitted
borrowings and to sell (within three days) sufficient portfolio holdings to restore such coverage if it should decline
to less than 300% due to market fluctuations or otherwise, even if such liquidation of a fund's holdings may be
disadvantageous from an investment standpoint.
Credit
Facility. To the extent that a fund and other affiliated funds
(“Participants”)
participate, a fund may share in a revolving credit facility
provided by a syndication of banks. A fund may borrow money under a credit facility for temporary or
emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests, that otherwise might require the untimely
disposition of securities. Participants are charged an annual commitment fee as well as other fees associated with
the credit facility, paid by the Advisor out of a fund’s unitary advisory fee, which is allocated based on net assets, among
each of the Participants. Interest is charged to a fund on its borrowings at current commercial rates. A fund can
prepay loans at any time and may at any time terminate, or from time to time reduce, without the payment of a premium
or penalty, its commitment under the credit facility subject to compliance with certain conditions.
Borrowing
may exaggerate changes in the net asset value of fund shares and in the return on a fund’s portfolio. Borrowing will
cost a fund interest expense and other fees, which may reduce a fund’s return. A fund is required to maintain continuous
asset coverage with respect to its borrowings and may be required to sell some of its holdings to reduce debt
and restore coverage at times when it is not advantageous to do so. There is no assurance that a borrowing strategy
will be successful. Upon the expiration of the term of a fund’s existing credit arrangement, the lender may not
be willing to extend further credit to a fund or may only be willing to do so at an increased cost to a fund. If a fund is
not able to extend its credit arrangement, it may be required to liquidate holdings to repay amounts borrowed from the
lender. In addition, if a fund’s assets increase, there is no assurance that the lender will be willing to make additional loans
to a fund in order to allow it to borrow the amounts desired by a fund to facilitate redemptions.
Chinese
Securities. A-Shares are issued by companies incorporated in
mainland China and are traded in RMB on the stock
exchanges in mainland China, including the Shanghai Stock Exchange (“SSE”),
the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”)
and the Beijing Stock Exchange (“BSE”).
Under current regulations in the PRC, foreign investors can invest
in
the domestic PRC securities markets through certain market access programs. These programs include the Qualified Foreign
Investor (“QFI”,
including Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“QFII”)
and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (“RQFII”))
program, where investors will be required to obtain a license from the CSRC. QFIs have also registered to
remit foreign currencies which can be traded on the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and
RMB (in the case of an RQFII) in the PRC for the purpose of investing in the PRC’s domestic securities markets.
Currently,
there are three
stock exchanges in mainland China, the SSE,
the
SZSE and
the BSE.
The stock exchanges in
mainland China are supervised by the CSRC and are highly automated
with trading and settlement executed electronically. The stock
exchanges in mainland China are smaller, periodically less liquid,
and substantially more volatile than the major securities markets
in the United States.
The
SSE commenced trading on December 19, 1990, the SZSE commenced
trading on July 3, 1991,
and
the BSE commenced trading on November 15,
2021.
A-Shares may be listed on the SSE,
the SZSE and the BSE; while currently B-Shares
can be listed on the SSE and the SZSE. Companies whose shares
are traded on the SSE and SZSE that are incorporated in mainland
China may issue both A-Shares and B-Shares. In China, the A-Shares and B-Shares of an issuer
may only trade on one exchange. Both classes represent an ownership
interest comparable to a share of common stock and
all shares are entitled to substantially the same rights and
benefits associated with ownership. A-Shares are traded in
RMB.
A
fund may invest in B-Shares, which are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in China and are denominated and
traded in U.S. dollars and Hong Kong dollars (“HKD”)
on the SSE and SZSE, respectively. B-Shares are available to
foreign investors. H-Shares are equity securities issued by companies incorporated in mainland China and are denominated and
traded in HKD on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and other foreign exchanges.
A
fund may also invest in red chips and P chips, which are equity securities issued by companies incorporated outside of
mainland China and listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Companies that issue Red chips generally base their businesses
in mainland China and are controlled, either directly or indirectly, by the state, provincial or municipal governments of
the PRC. Companies that issue P chips generally are non-state-owned Chinese companies incorporated outside of
mainland China that satisfy the following criteria: (i) the company is controlled by PRC individuals, (ii) the company derives
more than 80% of its revenue from the PRC and (iii) the company allocates more than 60% of its assets in the
PRC. Securities listed in the United States and Singapore are considered to be Chinese companies if they satisfy two
out of three of the following criteria: (i) the company is based in the PRC, (ii) the company derives more than 50%
of its revenue from activities conducted in the PRC and (iii) the company has more than 50% of its assets in the
PRC.
A
fund may be exposed to securities listed on the Science and Technology Innovation Board (“STAR
Board”)
of the SSE and the ChiNext market of the SZSE. Such investments
will be subject to the following risks and may result in significant
losses for the fund and its investors. Listed companies on ChiNext market and/or STAR Board are usually of
emerging nature with smaller operating scale. Listed companies on ChiNext market and STAR Board are subject to
wider price fluctuation limits, and due to higher entry thresholds for investors may have limited liquidity, compared to
other boards. Hence, companies listed on these boards are subject to higher fluctuation in stock prices and liquidity risks
and have higher risks and turnover ratios than companies listed on the main boards.
Stocks listed on ChiNext market and/or STAR Board may be overvalued
and such exceptionally high valuation may not be sustainable. Stock price
may be more susceptible to manipulation due to fewer circulating shares. The rules and regulations regarding companies
listed on the ChiNext market and STAR Board are less stringent in terms of profitability and share capital than
those in the main boards. It may be more common and faster for companies listed on ChiNext market and/or STAR
Board to delist. ChiNext market and STAR Board have stricter criteria for delisting compared to the main boards. This
may have an adverse impact on the fund if the companies that it invests in are delisted. STAR Board is a newly established
board and may have a limited number of listed companies during the initial stage. Investments in STAR Board
may be concentrated in a small number of stocks and subject the fund to higher concentration risk.
A-Share
Market Suspension Risk. A-Shares may only be purchased from,
or sold to, certain funds from time to time where the relevant
A-Shares may be sold or purchased on the relevant stock exchange,
as appropriate. Given that the A-Share market is considered volatile
and unstable (with the risk of suspension of a particular stock or government
intervention),
the creation and redemption of Creation Units may also be disrupted. Such suspensions may be widespread and,
on some occasions, have affected a majority of listed issuers in China. A participating dealer may not be able to create
Creation Units of a fund if A-Shares are not available or not available in sufficient amounts.
A-Share
Tax Risk. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation
of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result
in unexpected tax liabilities for a fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on
dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also
imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in
an issuer resident in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement
or arrangement.
Since
the respective inception of Shanghai Connect and Shenzhen Connect, foreign investors (including the funds) investing
in A-Shares listed on the SSE through Shanghai Connect and those listed on the SZSE through Shenzhen Connect
would be temporarily exempted
from the PRC corporate income tax and value-added tax on the gains on disposal
of such A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless
reduced under a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax
authority.
Since
November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted.
The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has
been paid by the Xtrackers Harvest ETFs, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November
17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue
authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between
November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. A fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for
which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on a
fund’s return could be substantial. A fund may also be liable to the Advisor or Subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on
the Advisor or Subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If a fund’s direct investments in A-Shares
through the Advisor’s or Subadvisor’s Stock Connect investments and/or Subadvisor’s QFI status become subject
to repatriation restrictions, the fund may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to regulated investment
companies (“RIC”)
under the Internal Revenue Code, and be subject to tax at the fund level. In the event such
restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow funds to the extent necessary to distribute to shareholders income sufficient
to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The
current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, including with
respect to the possible liability of a fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares through
Stock Connect or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle
be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in the case of
a QFI acting for a foreign investor such as the funds is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an RQFII would
also be eligible for PRC Business Tax (BT) exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived
prior to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on a fund
could have a material adverse effect on a fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to
QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e. QFIIs
continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from
PRC value-added tax, which replaced the PRC Business Tax with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities,
including A-Shares.
The
PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of
Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are
adverse to a fund and their shareholders. The applicability of reduced treaty rates of withholding in the case of a QFI
acting for a foreign investor such as the fund is also uncertain.
The
PRC tax authorities are not currently enforcing the collection of withholding tax on capital gains, and at present such
taxes likely will not be collected through withholding. If the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of
income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting capital gains taxes on such investments (whether
made
through Stock Connect or a QFI), a fund could be subject to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved
(if any). The impact of any such tax liability on a fund’s return could be substantial. A fund will be liable to the
Advisor and/or Subadvisor for any Chinese tax that is imposed on the Advisor and/or the Subadvisor with respect to
the fund’s investments.
As
described below under “Taxes,”
each fund may elect, for US federal income tax purposes, to treat PRC taxes (including
withholding taxes) paid by a fund as paid by its shareholders. Even if a fund is qualified to make that election and
does so, however, your ability to claim a credit for certain PRC taxes may be limited under general US tax principles.
In
addition, to the extent a fund invests in swaps and other derivative instruments, such investments may be less tax-efficient
from a US tax perspective than direct investment in A-Shares and may be subject to special US federal income
tax rules that could adversely affect a fund. Each fund may also may be required to periodically adjust its positions
in those instruments to comply with certain regulatory requirements which may further cause these investments to
be less efficient than a direct investment in A-Shares.
The
PRC government has implemented a number of tax reform policies in recent years. The current tax laws and regulations
may be revised or amended in the future. Any revision or amendment in tax laws and regulations may affect
the after-taxation profit of PRC companies and foreign investors in such companies, such as each fund.
Disclosure
of Interests and Short Swing Profit Rule. A fund may be subject
to shareholder disclosure of interest regulations promulgated
by the CSRC. To the extent they are applicable, these regulations currently would require a fund to make certain
public disclosures when the fund and parties acting in concert with the fund acquire 5% or more of the issued voting
securities of a listed company (which include A-Shares of the listed company). If the reporting requirement is triggered,
a fund would be required to report information which includes, but is not limited to: (a) information about a
fund (and parties acting in concert with the fund) and the type and extent of its holdings in the company; (b) a statement
of a fund’s purposes for the investment and whether the Fund intends to increase its holdings over the following
12-month period; (c) a statement of a fund’s historical investments in the company over the previous six months;
(d) the time of, and other information relating to, the transaction that triggered a fund’s holding in the listed company
reaching the 5% reporting threshold; and (e) other information that may be required by the CSRC or the stock
exchange. Additional information may be required if a fund and its concerted parties constitute the largest shareholder or
actual controlling shareholder of the listed company. The report must be made to the CSRC, the stock exchange, the
invested company, and the CSRC local representative office where the listed company is located. Each fund would also
be required to make a public announcement through a media outlet designated by the CSRC. The public announcement must
contain the same content as the official report. The public announcement may require a fund to disclose its holdings
to the public, which could have an adverse effect on the performance of the fund.
The
relevant PRC regulations presumptively treat all affiliated investors and investors under common control as parties acting
in concert. As such, under a conservative interpretation of these regulations, a fund may be deemed as a “concerted
party”
of other funds managed by the Advisor, Subadvisor or their affiliates and therefore may be subject to the risk that
the fund’s holdings may be required to be reported in the aggregate with the holdings of such other funds should the
aggregate holdings trigger the reporting threshold under the PRC law.
If
the 5% shareholding threshold is triggered by a fund and parties acting in concert with the fund, the fund would be
required to file its report within three days of the date the threshold is reached. During the time limit for filing the report,
a trading freeze applies and a fund would not be permitted to make subsequent trades in the invested company’s securities.
Any such trading freeze may undermine the fund’s performance, if the fund would otherwise make trades during
that period but is prevented from doing so by the regulations.
Once
a fund and parties acting in concert reach the 5% trading threshold as to any listed company, any subsequent incremental
increase or decrease of 5% or more will trigger a further reporting requirement and an additional trading freeze
from the date the threshold is reached to the end of three days after the report and announcement is made. These
trading freezes may undermine a fund’s performance as described above. According to the securities laws of China,
whoever purchases the voting securities of a listed company in violation of the requirements in this paragraph shall
not exercise the voting right of the securities that exceed the threshold within 36 months after purchasing them.
Further,
once the fund and parties acting in concert reach the 5% trading threshold as to any listed company, for any subsequent
incremental increase or decrease of 1%, the fund would be required to notify the listed company and make
an announcement thereon on the day immediately after the date the threshold is reached. Also, SSE requirements currently
require a fund and parties acting in concert, once they have reached the 5% threshold, to disclose whenever their
shareholding drops below this threshold (even as a result of trading which is less than the 5% incremental change that
would trigger a reporting requirement under the relevant CSRC regulation). Under interim measures adopted in July
2015, 5% holders of the securities of listed companies may be temporarily prohibited from selling such securities for
a period of six months.
CSRC
regulations also contain additional disclosure (and tender offer) requirements that apply when an investor and parties
acting in concert reach thresholds of 20% and greater than 30% shareholding in a company.
Subject
to the interpretation of PRC courts and PRC regulators, the operation of the PRC short swing profit rule may be
applicable to the trading of a fund with the result that where the holdings of the fund (possibly with the holdings of
other investors deemed as concert parties of the fund) exceed 5% of the total issued voting shares of a listed company,
the fund may not reduce its holdings in the company within six months of the last purchase of shares of the
company. If a fund violates the rule, it may be required by the listed company to return any profits realized from such
trading to the listed company. In addition, the rule limits the ability of the fund to repurchase securities of the listed
company within six months of such sale. Moreover, under PRC civil procedures, a fund’s assets may be frozen to
the extent of the claims made by the company in question. These risks may greatly impair the performance of the fund.
Economic,
political and social risks of the PRC. The economy of China,
which has been in a state of transition from a planned economy
to a more market oriented economy, differs from the economies of most developed countries in many
respects, including the level of government involvement, its state of development, its growth rate, control of foreign
exchange, and allocation of resources.
Although
the majority of productive assets in China are still owned by the PRC government at various levels, in recent years,
the PRC government has implemented economic reform measures emphasizing utilization of market forces in
the development of the economy of China and a high level of management autonomy. The economy of China has experienced
significant growth in recent decades, but growth has been uneven both geographically and among various sectors
of the economy. Economic growth has also been accompanied by periods of high inflation. The PRC government has
implemented various measures from time to time to control inflation and restrain the rate of economic growth.
For
several decades, the PRC government has carried out economic reforms to achieve decentralization and utilization of
market forces to develop the economy of the PRC. These reforms have resulted in significant economic growth and
social progress. There can, however, be no assurance that the PRC government will continue to pursue such economic
policies or, if it does, that those policies will continue to be successful. Any such adjustment and modification of
those economic policies may have an adverse impact on the securities markets in the PRC as well as the portfolio securities
of a fund. Further, the PRC government may from time to time adopt corrective measures to control the growth
of the PRC economy which may also have an adverse impact on the capital growth and performance of a fund.
Political changes, social instability and adverse diplomatic developments in the PRC could result in the imposition of
additional government restrictions including expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxes or nationalization of some or
all of the property held by the underlying issuers of a fund’s portfolio securities.
Recently,
the Chinese government has become more aggressive about regulating the operations of particular companies or
sectors, including large companies which are indirectly listed in the US. These regulations may substantially limit or
prohibit the operations of such companies and cause investors to lose some or all of the value of their investment.
Government
Intervention and Restriction Risk. Governments and regulators
may intervene in the financial markets, such as by the imposition
of trading restrictions, a ban on “naked”
short selling or the suspension of short selling for certain
stocks. This may affect the operation and market making activities of each fund, and may have an unpredictable impact
on a fund. Furthermore, such market interventions may have a negative impact on the market sentiment which may
in turn affect the performance of an Underlying Index and as a result the performance of a fund.
Investing
through Stock Connect. In seeking to track its underlying index,
a fund may also invest in A-Shares listed and traded through
Stock Connect. Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing program between either the Shanghai
Stock Exchange (“SSE”)
or Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“SZSE”),
and any of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“SEHK”),
China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited (“CSDCC”)
and Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited designed to
permit mutual stock market access between mainland China and Hong
Kong by allowing investors to trade and settle eligible securities
(including A-shares and
ETFs) on each market via
their local exchanges. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to a daily quota (“Daily
Quota”),
which limits the maximum daily net purchases on any particular
day by Hong Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong
Kong) trading People’s Republic of China (“PRC”)
listed securities (“Northbound”)
and PRC investors trading Hong Kong listed securities (“Southbound”)
trading through the relevant Stock Connect. Accordingly, each fund’s direct
investments in A-Shares will be limited by the Daily Quotas that limit total purchases through Stock Connect.
A
fund may invest in A-Shares listed and traded on the SSE and SZSE through Stock Connect, or on such other stock exchanges
in China which participate in Stock Connect from time to time. Trading through Stock Connect is subject to
a number of restrictions that may affect a fund’s investments and returns. Although no individual investment quotas or
licensing requirements apply to investors in Stock Connect, trading through Stock Connect is subject to the Daily Quota.
The Daily Quota does not belong to a fund and is utilized by all investors on a first-come-first-serve basis. As such,
buy orders for securities
would be rejected once the Daily Quota is exceeded (although a fund will be permitted to
sell the
securities regardless of the Daily Quota balance). The Daily
Quota may restrict a fund’s ability to invest in A-Shares
through Stock Connect on a timely basis, which could affect a fund’s ability to effectively pursue its investment strategy.
The Daily Quota is also subject to change.
In
addition, investments made through Stock Connect are subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that
are untested in the PRC, which could pose risks to a fund. Moreover, eligible
securities invested through Stock Connect
(“Stock
Connect Securities”)
generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other than through Stock
Connect in accordance with applicable rules. A primary feature of Stock Connect is the application of the home market’s
laws and rules applicable to investors in securities (i.e.
the PRC). Therefore, a fund’s investments in Stock Connect
Securities
are subject to PRC securities regulations and listing rules, among other restrictions.
While
securities
must be designated as eligible to be traded under Stock Connect (such eligible securities
listed on the SSE, the “SSE
Securities,”
and such eligible securities
listed on the SZSE, the “SZSE
Securities”),
those securities
may also lose such designation, and if this occurs, such securities
may be sold but could no longer be purchased through Stock Connect.
With respect to sell orders under Stock Connect, the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (“SEHK”)
carries out pre-trade checks to ensure an investor has sufficient
securities
in its account before the market opens on the trading day. Accordingly,
if there are insufficient securities
in an investor’s account before the market opens on the
trading day, the sell order will be rejected, which may adversely impact a fund’s performance. However, a fund may
request a custodian to open a special segregated account (“SPSA”)
in CCASS (the Central Clearing and Settlement System operated
by HKSCC for the clearing securities listed or traded on SEHK) to maintain its holdings in securities
under the enhanced pre-trade checking model. Each SPSA will be
assigned a unique “Investor
ID”
by CCASS for the purpose of facilitating Stock Connect order
routing system to verify the holdings of an investor such as a fund. Provided that
there is sufficient holding in the SPSA when a broker inputs a fund’s sell order, a fund will be able to dispose of its
holdings of securities
(as opposed to the practice of transferring securities
to the broker’s account under the current pre-trade checking
model for non-SPSA accounts). Opening of the SPSA accounts for a fund will enable it to dispose of
its holdings of securities
in a timely manner.
In
addition, Stock Connect will only operate on days when both the mainland
Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open
for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, an
investment in securities
through Stock Connect may subject a fund to the risk of price fluctuations on days when the
mainland Chinese
markets are open, but Stock Connect is not trading. The mainland
Chinese and Hong Kong regulators have announced in August 2022
to enhance the trading calendar for Stock Connect, to allow Stock Connect trading
on all the days which are trading days in both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets, even when the corresponding
settlement days would be public holidays. However, as of the date of this SAI, such enhancements have
not been implemented and detailed operational rules are yet to be issued. As such, it is uncertain how such enhanced
trading calendar will be operated. Each of the SEHK, SSE and
SZSE reserves the right to suspend trading
under
Stock Connect under certain circumstances. Where such a suspension of trading is effected, a fund’s ability to
access securities
through Stock Connect will be adversely affected. In addition, if one or both of the Chinese and Hong
Kong markets are closed on a US trading day, a fund may not be able to acquire or dispose of securities
through Stock Connect in a timely manner, which could adversely
affect a fund’s performance.
A
fund’s investments in securities
though Stock Connect are held by its custodian in accounts in CCASS maintained by
the Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited (“HKSCC”),
which in turn holds the securities,
as the nominee holder, through an omnibus securities account
in its name registered with the CSDCC. The precise nature and rights of
a fund as the Beneficial Owner of the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities through HKSCC as nominee is not well defined
under PRC law. There is a lack of a clear definition of, and distinction between, legal ownership and beneficial ownership
under PRC law and there have been few cases involving a nominee account structure in the PRC courts. The
exact nature and methods of enforcement of the rights and interests of a fund under PRC law is also uncertain. In
the unlikely event that HKSCC becomes subject to winding up proceedings in Hong Kong, there is a risk that the SSE
Securities or SZSE Securities may not be regarded as held for the beneficial ownership of a fund or as part of the
general assets of HKSCC available for general distribution to its creditors.
Notwithstanding
the fact that HKSCC does not claim proprietary interests in the SSE Securities or SZSE Securities held
in its omnibus stock account in the CSDCC, the CSDCC as the share registrar for SSE- or SZSE-listed companies will
still treat HKSCC as one of the shareholders when it handles corporate actions in respect of such SSE Securities or
SZSE Securities. HKSCC monitors the corporate actions affecting SSE Securities and SZSE Securities and keeps participants
of CCASS informed of all such corporate actions that require CCASS participants to take steps in order to
participate in them. A fund will therefore depend on HKSCC for both settlement and notification and implementation of
corporate actions.
The
HKSCC is responsible for the clearing, settlement and the provisions of depositary, nominee and other related services
of the trades executed by Hong Kong market participants and investors. Accordingly, investors do not hold SSE
Securities or SZSE Securities directly – they are held through their brokers’ or custodians’ accounts with CCASS. The
HKSCC and the CSDCC establish clearing links and each has become a participant of the other to facilitate clearing and
settlement of cross-border trades. Should CSDCC default and the CSDCC be declared as a defaulter, HKSCC’s liabilities
in Stock Connect under its market contracts with clearing participants will be limited to assisting clearing participants
in pursuing their claims against the CSDCC. In that event, a fund may suffer delays in the recovery process or
may not be able to fully recover its losses from the CSDCC.
Market
participants are able to participate in Stock Connect subject to meeting certain information technology capability, risk
management and other requirements as may be specified by the relevant exchange and/or clearing house. Further, the
“connectivity”
in Stock Connect requires the routing of orders across the borders of Hong Kong and the PRC. This
requires the development of new information technology systems on the part of the SEHK and exchange participants. There
is no assurance that these systems will function properly or will continue to be adapted to changes and developments in
both markets. In the event that the relevant systems fail to function properly, trading in securities
through Stock Connect could be disrupted, and a fund’s
ability to achieve its investment objective may be adversely affected.
Finally,
according to Caishui [2014] 81 (“Circular
81”)
and Caishui [2016] 127 (“Circular
127”),
while foreign investors currently are exempt from paying capital
gains or business taxes (later, value-added tax) on income and gains from investments
in A-Shares
through Stock Connect, these PRC tax rules could be changed,
which could result in unexpected tax liabilities for a fund.
Dividends derived from A-Shares are subject to a 10% PRC withholding income tax generally. PRC
stamp duty is also payable for transactions in A-Shares through Stock Connect. Currently, PRC stamp duty on A-Shares
transactions is only imposed on the seller, but not on the purchaser, at the tax rate of 0.1% of the total sales value.
Circular 81 and Circular 127 stipulate that PRC business tax (and, subsequently, PRC value-added tax) is temporarily exempted
on capital gains derived by Hong Kong market participants (including a fund) from the trading of A-Shares through
Stock Connect. According to Caishui [2016] No. 36, the PRC value-added tax reform in the PRC will be expanded to
all industries, including financial services, starting May 1, 2016. The PRC business tax exemption prescribed in Circular
81 is grandfathered under the value-added tax regime. The Stock Connect program is a relatively new program. Further
developments are likely and there can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether future
developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect a fund’s investments or returns. In addition,
the
application and interpretation of the laws and regulations of Hong Kong and the PRC, and the rules, policies or guidelines
published or applied by relevant regulators and exchanges in respect of the Stock Connect program are uncertain,
and they may have a detrimental effect on a fund’s investments and returns.
PRC
Broker and PRC Custodian Risk. The Subadvisor is responsible
for selecting PRC Brokers to execute transactions for Xtrackers
Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF and Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares ETF and the Advisor is
responsible for selecting PRC Brokers to execute transactions for Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF in the
PRC markets. As a matter of practice, only one PRC Broker can be appointed in respect of each stock exchange in
the PRC. Thus, each fund will rely on only one PRC Broker for each stock exchange in
the PRC, which may be the same PRC Broker. As such a fund will
rely on a limited number of PRC Brokers to execute transactions on behalf of each
fund. If a single PRC Broker is appointed, each fund may not necessarily pay the lowest commission available in
the market. However, in their selection of a PRC Broker(s), the Advisor and/or Subadvisor will consider factors such as
the competitiveness of commission rates, size of the relevant orders and execution standards. Should, for any reason,
a fund’s ability to use one or more of the relevant PRC Brokers be affected, this could disrupt the operations of
the fund and affect the ability of the fund to track its Underlying Index, causing a premium or a discount to the trading
price of the fund’s Shares.
With
respect to the funds which invest in A-Shares through the Subadvisor’s QFI status, the Subadvisor is responsible for
selecting a custodian in the PRC to custody its assets pursuant to local Chinese laws and regulations (the “PRC
Custodian”).
According to the QFI regulations and market practice, the securities and cash accounts for a fund in the PRC
are to be maintained by the PRC Custodian in the joint names of the Subadvisor as the QFI holder and each fund.
Each fund’s PRC Custodian is the Bank of China Limited. The PRC Custodian maintains a fund’s deposit accounts and
oversees each fund’s investments in A-Shares in the PRC to ensure their compliance with the rules and regulations of
the CSRC and the People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”).
A-Shares that are traded on the SSE or SZSE are dealt and held
in book-entry form through the China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited (“CSDCC”).
A-Shares purchased by the Subadvisor, in its capacity as a QFI,
on behalf of a fund, may be received by the CSDCC and credited to
a securities trading account maintained by the PRC Custodian in the names of the fund and the Subadvisor as the QFI.
If the Advisor obtains a QFI license in the future with respect to the Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF,
the same considerations would apply.
The
assets held or credited in a fund’s securities trading account(s) maintained by the PRC Custodian are segregated and
independent from the proprietary assets of the PRC Custodian. However, under PRC law, cash deposited in a fund’s
cash account(s) maintained with the PRC Custodian will not be segregated but will be a debt owing from the PRC
Custodian to the fund as a depositor. Such cash will be co-mingled with cash that belongs to other clients or creditors
of the PRC Custodian. In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation of the PRC Custodian, a fund will not have any
proprietary rights to the cash deposited in such cash account(s), and the fund will become an unsecured creditor, ranking
pari passu with all other unsecured creditors, of the PRC Custodian.
There
is a risk that each fund may suffer losses from the default, bankruptcy or disqualification of the PRC Broker(s) or
PRC Custodian. In such event, a fund may be adversely affected in the execution of any transaction or face difficulty and/or
encounter delays in recovering its assets, or may not be able to recover it in full or at all. Each fund may also incur
losses due to the acts or omissions of the PRC Brokers and/or the PRC Custodian in the execution or settlement of
any transaction or in the transfer of any funds or securities. Subject to the applicable laws and regulations in the PRC,
the Advisor and the Subadvisor will make arrangements to ensure that the PRC Brokers and PRC Custodian have
appropriate procedures to properly safe-keep a fund’s assets. This risk is applicable to Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity
ETF to the extent the fund invests in Xtrackers China A-Shares ETFs.
PRC
Laws and Regulations Risk. The regulatory and legal framework
for capital markets and joint stock companies in the PRC may
not be as well developed as those of developed countries. PRC laws and regulations affecting securities markets
are relatively new and evolving, and because of the limited volume of published cases and judicial interpretation and
their non-binding nature, interpretation and enforcement of these regulations involve significant uncertainties. In addition,
as the PRC legal system develops, no assurance can be given that changes in such laws and regulations, their
interpretation or their enforcement will not have a material adverse effect on their business operations.
Renminbi (RMB).
RMB is the official currency in the People’s Republic
of China.
Future
Movements in RMB Exchange Rates Risk. The exchange rate of RMB
ceased to be pegged to US dollars on July 21, 2005, resulting
in a more flexible RMB exchange rate system. China Foreign Exchange Trading System, authorized by
the PBOC, promulgates the central parity rate of RMB against US dollars, Euro, Yen, pound sterling and Hong Kong dollar
at 9:15 a.m. on each business day, which will be the daily central parity rate for transactions on the Inter-bank Spot
Foreign Exchange Market and OTC transactions of banks. The exchange rate of RMB against the above-mentioned currencies
fluctuates within a range above or below such central parity rate. As the exchange rates are based primarily on
market forces, the exchange rates for RMB against other currencies, including US dollars and Hong Kong dollars, are
susceptible to movements based on external factors. There can be no assurance that such exchange rates will not
fluctuate widely against US dollars, Hong Kong dollars or any other foreign currency in the future. From 1994 to July
2005, the exchange rate for RMB against US dollar and the Hong Kong dollar was relatively stable. Following July 2005,
the appreciation of RMB accelerated until being subject to alternating periods of devaluation, appreciation and stability
beginning in 2015. Although the PRC government has constantly reiterated its intention to maintain the stability of
RMB, it may introduce measures (such as a reduction in the rate of export tax refund) to address the concerns of the
PRC’s trading partners. Therefore, the possibility that the appreciation of RMB will be further accelerated cannot be
excluded. On the other hand, there can be no assurance that RMB will not be subject to devaluation.
Offshore
RMB (“CNH”)
Market Risk. The onshore RMB (“CNY”)
is the only official currency of the PRC and is used in all financial
transactions between individuals, state and corporations in the PRC. Hong Kong is the first jurisdiction to
allow accumulation of RMB deposits outside the PRC. Since June 2010, the offshore RMB (“CNH”)
is traded officially, regulated jointly by the Hong Kong Monetary
Authority and the PBOC. While both CNY and CNH represent RMB, they
are traded in different and separated markets. The two RMB markets operate independently where the flow between
them is highly restricted. Though the CNH is a proxy of the CNY, they do not necessarily have the same exchange
rate and their movement may not be in the same direction. This is because these currencies act in separate jurisdictions,
which leads to separate supply and demand conditions for each, and therefore separate but related currency markets.
The
current size of RMB-denominated financial assets outside the PRC is limited. In addition, participating authorized institutions
are also required by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority to maintain a total amount of RMB (in the form of
cash and its settlement account balance with a Renminbi clearing bank) of no less than 25% of their RMB deposits, which
further limits the availability of RMB that participating authorized institutions can utilize for conversion services for
their customers. RMB business participating banks do not have direct RMB liquidity support from PBOC. Only the
Renminbi clearing bank has access to onshore liquidity support from PBOC (subject to annual and quarterly quotas imposed
by PBOC) to square open positions of participating banks for limited types of transactions, including open positions
resulting from conversion services for corporations relating to cross-border trade settlement. The Renminbi clearing
bank is not obliged to square for participating banks any open positions resulting from other foreign exchange transactions
or conversion services and the participating banks will need to source RMB from the offshore market to
square such open positions. Although it is expected that the offshore RMB market will continue to grow in depth and
size, its growth is subject to many constraints as a result of PRC laws and regulations on foreign exchange. There is
no assurance that new PRC regulations will not be promulgated or the Settlement Agreement will not be terminated or
amended in the future which will have the effect of restricting availability of RMB offshore.
RMB
Exchange Controls and Restrictions Risk. It should be noted that
the RMB is currently not a freely convertible currency as it
is subject to foreign exchange control policies and repatriation restrictions imposed by the PRC government. There
is no assurance that there will always be RMB available in sufficient amounts for a fund to remain fully invested. Since
1994, the conversion of RMB into US dollars has been based on rates set by the PBOC, which are set daily based
on the previous day’s PRC interbank foreign exchange market rate. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government introduced
a managed floating exchange rate system to allow the value of RMB to fluctuate within a regulated band based
on market supply and demand and by reference to a basket of currencies. In addition, a market maker system was
introduced to the interbank spot foreign exchange market. In July 2008, China announced that its exchange rate regime
was further transformed into a managed floating mechanism based on market supply and demand. Given the domestic
and overseas economic developments, the PBOC decided to further improve the RMB exchange rate regime in
June 2010 to enhance the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate. In April 2012, the PBOC decided to take a further
step
to increase the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate by expanding the daily trading band from +/– 0.5% to +/– 1%.
Effective from March 17, 2014, the floating band of RMB against USD on the inter-bank spot foreign exchange market
was enlarged from 1% to 2%, i.e., on every trading day on the inter-bank spot market, the trading prices of RMB
against USD would fluctuate within a band of +/– 2 below and above the central parity as released by the China Foreign
Exchange Trade System on that day. On each business day, the spread between the RMB/USD buying and selling
prices offered by the designated foreign exchange banks to their clients was within 3% of the published central parity
of USD on that day, instead of 2%. Effective from August 11, 2015, the RMB central parity is fixed against the USD
by reference to the closing rate of the interbank foreign exchange market on the previous day (rather than the previous
morning’s official setting).
However,
it should be noted that the PRC government’s policies on exchange control and repatriation restrictions are subject
to change, and any such change may adversely impact each fund. There can be no assurance that the RMB exchange
rate will not fluctuate widely against the US dollar or any other foreign currency in the future. Foreign exchange transactions
under the capital account, including principal payments in respect of foreign currency-denominated obligations, currently
continue to be subject to significant foreign exchange controls and require the approval of the SAFE. On the
other hand, the existing PRC foreign exchange regulations have significantly reduced government foreign exchange controls
for transactions under the current account, including trade and service related foreign exchange transactions and
payment of dividends. Nevertheless, neither the Advisor nor the Subadvisor can predict whether the PRC government will
continue its existing foreign exchange policy or when the PRC government will allow free conversion of the RMB to
foreign currencies. Certain investments of Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF may be denominated in RMB and the
fund will be exposed to the risks associated with RMB through its primary investments in the Underlying fund and
through its investments in the Xtrackers Harvest ETFs.
RMB
Trading and Settlement Risk. The trading and settlement of RMB-denominated
securities are recent developments in Hong Kong and there is
no assurance that problems will not be encountered with the systems or that other logistical problems
will not arise.
Repatriation
Risk.
PBOC and SAFE regulate and monitor the repatriation of funds out of the PRC by QFIs. Repatriations by
QFIs in respect of Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF, Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap
ETF and, potentially, Xtrackers MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF, are currently not subject to repatriation restrictions or
prior approval from SAFE, although authenticity and compliance reviews will be conducted by the PRC Custodian (as
that term is defined below), and monthly reports on remittances and repatriations will be submitted to SAFE by the
PRC Custodian. There is no assurance, however, that PRC and QFI rules and regulations will not change or that repatriation
restrictions will not be imposed in the future. Further, such changes to the PRC and QFI rules and regulations may
take effect retroactively. Any restrictions on repatriation of the invested capital and net profits may impact a fund’s ability
to meet redemption requests. Furthermore, as the Custodian’s or the PRC Custodian’s review on authenticity and
compliance is conducted on each repatriation, the repatriation may be delayed or even rejected by the Custodian or
the PRC Custodian in case of non-compliance with the QFI regulations. In such case, it is expected that redemption proceeds
will be paid as soon as practicable and after the completion of the repatriation of the funds concerned. It should
be noted that the actual time required for the completion of the relevant repatriation will be beyond the Advisor’s and
the Subadvisor’s control.
Restricted
Markets Risk. A fund’s investments in A-Shares may be subject
to limitations or restrictions on foreign ownership or holdings
imposed by the PRC. Such legal and regulatory restrictions or limitations may have adverse effects
on the liquidity and performance of each fund’s portfolio holdings as compared to the performance of its Underlying Index.
This may increase the risk of tracking error.
QFI
Late Settlement Risk.
Each of the funds will be required to remit foreign currencies which can be traded on the China
Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) to the PRC to settle the
purchase of A-Shares by a fund from time to time through the QFI program. In the event such remittance is disrupted, a
fund will not be able to fully replicate its Underlying Index by investing in the relevant A-Shares, which may lead to increased
tracking error. This risk is applicable to Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF to the extent it invests in Xtrackers China
A-Shares ETFs.
QFI
Program Risk. (Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF and
Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF) Xtrackers
MSCI China A Inclusion Equity ETF intends to invest directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect,
but, in the future, may also utilize any QFI license applied for by and granted to the Advisor and/or a Subadvisor. Each
fund is not a QFI, but with respect to Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF and X-trackers Harvest CSI 500
China will utilize the Subadvisor’s QFI license granted under QFI regulations.
Under
current regulations in the PRC, foreign investors can invest in the domestic PRC securities markets through certain
market-access programs. These programs include the QFI (including QFII and RQFII) program, where investors will
be required to obtain a license from the CSRC. QFIs have also registered to remit foreign currencies which can be
traded on the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (in the case of a QFII) and RMB (in the case of an RQFII) in the
PRC for the purpose of investing in the PRC’s domestic securities markets. Neither the Fund nor the Advisor is a
QFI. Rather, the Fund expects to invest in the Underlying Fund, which invests directly in A-Shares through Stock Connect,
but may, in the future, utilize a QFI license granted to the Advisor and/or a Subadvisor. The fund may also invest
in the Xtrackers Harvest ETFs, which are subadvised by HGI, an RQFII (and is regarded as a QFI under the prevailing
rules and regulations in the PRC), and invest directly in A-Shares via QFI status granted to HGI pursuant to QFI
regulations.
In
addition, the Subadvisor’s (or, if applicable in the future, the Advisor’s) QFI status could be suspended or revoked. There
can be no assurance that the Subadvisor (or, in the future, the Advisor) will continue to maintain its QFI status. Because
each fund will not be able to invest directly in A-Shares beyond the limits that may be imposed by Stock Connect,
the size of a fund’s direct investments in A-Shares may be limited. In the event the Subadvisor (or, if applicable in
the future, the Advisor) is unable to maintain its QFI status unless the Subadvisor (or, in the future, the Advisor) is able
to obtain sufficient exposure to A-Shares, it may be necessary for a fund to limit or suspend creations of Creation Units.
In such event it is possible that the trading price of a fund’s Shares on the Exchange will be at a significant premium
to the NAV (which may also increase tracking error of the fund). In extreme circumstances, a fund may incur significant
loss due to limited investment capabilities, or may not be able fully to implement or pursue its investment objectives
or strategies, due to QFI investment restrictions, illiquidity of the PRC’s securities markets, and delay or disruption
in execution of trades or in settlement of trades.
Pursuant
to PRC and QFI regulations, each of CSRC and SAFE is vested with the power to impose regulatory sanctions if
the Advisor and/or Subadvisor, in its capacity as QFI, or the PRC Custodian (as that term is defined below) violates any
provision of the QFI regulations. Any such violations could result in the revocation of the Subadvisor’s (or, if applicable in
the future, the Advisor’s) license or other regulatory sanctions and may adversely impact a fund’s ability to access A-Shares.
The
current QFI regulations also include rules on investment restrictions applicable to a fund, which may adversely affect
the fund’s liquidity and performance. In addition, because transaction sizes for QFIs are relatively large, the corresponding
heightened risk of exposure to decreased market liquidity and significant price volatility could lead to possible
adverse effects on the timing and pricing of acquisition or disposal of securities.
The
regulations which regulate investments by QFIs in the PRC and the repatriation of capital from QFI investments are
relatively new. The application and interpretation of such investment regulations are therefore relatively untested and
there is no certainty as to how they will be applied as the PRC authorities and regulators have been given wide discretion
in such investment regulations and there is no precedent or certainty as to how such discretion may be exercised
now or in the future.
On
May 7, 2020, the PBOC and SAFE jointly issued the Regulations on Funds of Securities and Futures Investment by
Foreign Institutional Investors (PBOC & SAFE Announcement
[2020] No. 2) (“Regulations”)
which came into effect on June 6, 2020. The Regulations supersede
certain post-registration rules applicable to QFII and RQFII regimes. One of
the key changes of the Regulations is the removal of quota restrictions on investment. However, as of the date of this
SAI, this is a relatively new development, and there is no guarantee that the quotas will continue to be relaxed. On
September 25, 2020, the CSRC, the PBOC, and the SAFE jointly issued the Measures for the Administration of Domestic
Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional
Investors (CSRC Decree No. 176) and the CSRC issued the Provisions on Issues Concerning the Implementation
of
the Measures for the Administration of Domestic Securities and Futures Investment by Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors
and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (CSRC Announcement [2020] No.63), which came into effect
on 1 November 2020. The major revisions to the previous rules include merger of the QFII regime and RQFII regime,
relaxation of qualification requirements and facilitating investment and operations of QFIIs and RQFIIs, expansion of
investment scope and enhancing ongoing supervision. As of the date of this SAI,
this is a relatively new development, and their application may
depend on the interpretation given by the relevant PRC authorities. The current QFI laws, rules
and regulations are subject to change, which may take retrospective effect. In addition, there can be no assurance that
the QFI laws, rules and regulations will not be abolished. A fund, which invests in the PRC markets through a QFI,
may be adversely affected as a result of such changes.
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion. Pursuant to a claim for exclusion filed
with the National Futures Association (“NFA”)
on behalf of each fund, the Trust is not deemed to be a “commodity
pool operator”
(“CPO”),
under the CEA, and it is not subject to registration or regulation
as such under the CEA. The Advisor is not deemed to be a “commodity
trading advisor”
with respect to its services as an investment advisor to each fund. Under CFTC Regulations, the Advisor
would need to register with the CFTC as a CPO if a fund is unable to comply with certain trading and marketing limitations
on its investments in futures and certain other instruments. With respect to investments in swap transactions, commodity
futures, commodity options or certain other derivatives used for purposes other than bona fide hedging purposes,
the Trust, on behalf of the fund must meet one of the following tests under the amended regulations in order
to claim an exclusion from the definition of a CPO. First, the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish
a fund’s positions in such investments may not exceed five percent of the liquidation value of the fund’s portfolio
(after accounting for unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such investments). Alternatively, the aggregate
net notional value of such instruments, determined at the time of the most recent position established, may
not exceed one hundred percent (100%) of the liquidation value of the fund’s portfolio (after accounting for unrealized profits
and unrealized losses on any such positions). In addition to meeting one of the foregoing trading limitations, a
fund may not market itself as a commodity pool or otherwise as a vehicle for trading in the commodity futures, commodity
options or swaps and derivatives markets. In the event that the Advisor is required to register as a CPO with
respect to a fund, the disclosure and operations of the fund would need to comply with all applicable CFTC regulations.
Compliance with these additional registration and regulatory requirements could increase operational expenses.
Other potentially adverse regulatory initiatives could also develop.
Costs
of Buying or Selling Fund Shares.
Buying or selling fund shares involves two types of costs that apply to all securities
transactions. When buying or selling shares of a fund through a broker, you will incur a brokerage commission or
other charges imposed by brokers as determined by that broker. In addition, you will also incur the cost of the “spread”
– that is, the difference between what professional investors are willing to pay for fund shares (the “bid”
price) and the price at which they are willing to sell fund shares
(the “ask”
price). Because of the costs inherent in buying or selling fund
shares, frequent trading may detract significantly from investment results and an investment in
fund shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.
Derivatives.
A derivative is a financial contract, the value of which depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying
asset such as a security or an index. A fund may invest in stock index futures contracts and other derivatives. Compared
to conventional securities, derivatives can be more sensitive to changes in interest rates or to sudden fluctuations
in market prices and thus a fund’s losses may be greater if it invests in derivatives than if it invests only in
conventional securities.
Currency
Transactions. Certain of the funds may enter into foreign currency
futures contracts and forward currency contracts designed to
offset a fund’s exposure to non-US currency. A forward foreign currency exchange contract (“forward
contract”)
involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed
number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These
contracts are principally traded in the interbank market conducted directly between currency traders (usually large,
commercial banks) and their customers. A forward contract generally has no margin deposit requirement, and no
commissions are charged at any stage for trades.
A
non-deliverable forward contract (“NDF”)
is a forward contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at
maturity. NDFs are contracts between parties in which a net settlement amount based on the change in the specified foreign
exchange rate is paid by one party to the other. Each fund’s obligations with respect to each NDF is accrued on
a daily basis and an amount of cash or liquid securities at least equal to such amount maintained in an account at the
Trust’s custodian bank. The risk of loss with respect to NDFs generally is limited to the net amount of payments that
a fund is contractually obligated to make or receive.
A
foreign currency futures contract is a contract involving an obligation to deliver or acquire the specified amount of a
specific currency, at a specified price and at a specified future time. Futures contracts may be settled on a net cash payment
basis rather than by the sale and delivery of the underlying currency.
Currency
exchange transactions involve a significant degree of risk and the markets in which currency exchange transactions are
effected are highly volatile, specialized and technical. Significant changes, including changes in liquidity and prices, can
occur in such markets within very short periods of time, often within minutes. Currency exchange trading risks include,
but are not limited to, exchange rate risk, maturity gap, interest rate risk, and potential interference by foreign governments
through regulation of local exchange markets, foreign investment or particular transactions in foreign currency.
If a fund utilizes foreign currency transactions at an inappropriate time, such transactions may not serve their
intended purpose of improving the correlation of the fund’s return with the performance of its Underlying Index and
may lower the fund’s return. A fund could experience losses if the value of any currency forwards and futures positions
is poorly correlated with its other investments or if it could not close out its positions because of an illiquid market.
Such contracts are subject to the risk that the counterparty will default on its obligations. In addition, a fund will
incur transaction costs, including trading commissions, in connection with certain foreign currency transactions.
General
Characteristics of Futures and Options. A
fund may enter into futures and options contracts to simulate investment in
the respective Underlying Index, to facilitate trading or to reduce transaction costs. A fund may only enter into futures
contracts and options that are traded on a US or non-US exchange. No fund will use futures or options for speculative
purposes.
Futures
contracts provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a specific
instrument or index at a specified future time and at a specified price. Each fund may enter into futures contracts to
purchase securities indexes when the Advisor and/or Subadvisor, as applicable, anticipate purchasing the underlying securities
and believe prices will rise before the purchase will be made.
A
call option gives a holder the right to purchase a specific security at a specified price (“exercise
price”)
within a specified period of time. A put option gives a holder
the right to sell a specific security at a specified exercise price within
a specified period of time. The initial purchaser of a call option pays the “writer”
a premium, which is paid at the time of purchase and is retained
by the writer whether or not such option is exercised. Each Fund may purchase put
options to hedge its portfolio against the risk of a decline in the market value of securities held and may purchase call
options to hedge against an increase in the price of securities it is committed to purchase. Each Fund may write put
and call options along with a long position in options to increase its ability to hedge against a change in the market value
of the securities it holds or is committed to purchase.
There
are several risks accompanying the utilization of futures contracts and options on futures contracts. First, a position
in futures contracts and options on futures contracts may be closed only on the exchange on which the contract was
made (or a linked exchange). While each fund plans to utilize futures contracts only if an active market exists for such
contracts, there is no guarantee that a liquid market will exist for the contract at a specified time. While each Fund
plans to utilize futures contracts only if an active market exists for such contracts, there is no guarantee that a liquid
market will exist for the contract at a specified time. Furthermore, because, by definition, futures contracts project
price levels in the future and not current levels of valuation, market circumstances may result in a discrepancy between
the price of the stock index future and the movement in the Underlying Index. In the event of adverse price movements,
a fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments to maintain its required margin. In such
situations, if a fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet daily margin requirements at
a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, each fund may be required to deliver the instruments underlying
the futures contracts it has sold.
The
risk of loss in trading futures contracts or uncovered call options in some strategies (e.g., selling uncovered stock index
futures contracts) is potentially unlimited. The funds do not plan to invest in futures and options to a significant extent
or use futures and options contracts in this way. The risk of a futures position may still be large as traditionally measured
due to the low margin deposits required. In many cases, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract
may result in immediate and substantial loss or gain to the investor relative to the size of a required margin deposit.
A fund, however, may utilize futures and options contracts in a manner designed to limit their risk exposure to
levels comparable to a direct investment in the types of stocks in which they invest.
A
fund’s use of futures and options on futures involves the risk of imperfect or even negative correlation to the Underlying Index
if the index underlying the futures contract differs from the Underlying Index. There is also the risk of loss by a fund
of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom a fund has an open position in the futures contract
or option. The purchase of put or call options will be based upon predictions by the Advisor and/or Subadvisor, as
applicable, as to anticipated trends which could prove to be incorrect.
Because
the futures market generally imposes less burdensome margin requirements than the securities market, an
increased amount of participation by speculators in the futures market could result in price fluctuations. Certain financial
futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day.
The daily limit establishes the maximum amount by which the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down
from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in
a particular type of contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. It is possible that futures
contract prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing
prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting each fund to substantial losses. In the event of adverse price
movements, each fund would be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin.
Options
on Futures Contracts. An option on a futures contract, as contrasted
with the direct investment in such a contract, gives the purchaser
the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in the underlying futures contract
at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option. Upon exercise of an option, the
delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery
of the accumulated balance in the writer’s futures margin account that represents the amount by which the market
price of the futures contract exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price
of the option on the futures contract. The potential for loss related to the purchase of an option on a futures contract
is limited to the premium paid for the option plus transaction costs. Because the value of the option is fixed at
the point of sale, there are no daily cash payments by the purchaser to reflect changes in the value of the underlying contract;
however, the value of the option changes daily and that change would be reflected in the NAV of each fund. The
potential for loss related to writing call options is unlimited. The potential for loss related to writing put options is
limited to the agreed upon price per Share, also known as the strike price, less the premium received from writing the
put.
Each
fund may purchase and write put and call options on futures contracts that are traded on an exchange as a hedge against
changes in value of its portfolio securities, or in anticipation of the purchase of securities, and may enter into closing
transactions with respect to such options to terminate existing positions. There is no guarantee that such closing
transactions can be effected.
Upon
entering into a futures contract, a fund will be required to deposit with the broker an amount of cash or cash equivalents
known as “initial
margin,”
which is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the contract and
is returned to each fund upon termination of the futures contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied.
Subsequent payments, known as “variation
margin,”
to and from the broker will be made daily as the price of the
index underlying the futures contract fluctuates, making the long and short positions in the futures contract more
or less valuable, a process known as “marking-to-market.”
At any time prior to the expiration of a futures contract, each
fund may elect to close the position by taking an opposite position, which will operate to terminate each fund’s existing
position in the contract.
Swap
Agreements. Over-the-counter (“OTC”)
swap agreements are contracts between parties in which one party agrees
to make periodic payments to the other party based on the change in market value or level of a specified rate, index
or asset. In return, the other party agrees to make periodic payments to the first party based on the return of a
different specified rate, index or asset. Swap agreements will usually be performed on a net basis, with each fund receiving
or paying only the net amount of the two payments. The net amount of the excess, if any, of a fund’s obligations over
its entitlements with respect to each swap is accrued on a daily basis and an amount of liquid assets having an aggregate
value at least equal to the accrued excess will be maintained by each fund. Cleared swaps are transacted through
futures commission merchants (“FCMs”)
that are members of central clearinghouses with the clearinghouse serving
as a central counterparty similar to transactions in futures contracts. The use of interest-rate and index swaps is
a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio
security transactions. These transactions generally do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets
or principal.
The
risk of loss with respect to OTC swaps generally is limited to the net amount of payments that the fund is contractually obligated
to make. Swap agreements are subject to the risk that the swap counterparty will default on its obligations. If
such a default occurs, a fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. However,
such remedies may be subject to bankruptcy and insolvency laws which could affect such fund’s rights as a
creditor (e.g., a fund may not receive the net amount of payments that it contractually is entitled to receive). Central clearing
through FCMs is expected to decrease counterparty risk and increase liquidity compared to un-cleared swaps because
central clearing interposes a central clearinghouse as the counterpart to each participant’s swap. However, central
clearing does not eliminate counterparty risk or illiquidity risk entirely. In addition depending on the size of a fund
and other factors, the margin required under the rules of a clearinghouse and by a clearing member FCM may be
in excess of the collateral required to be posted by a fund to support its obligations under a similar un-cleared swap.
It is expected, however, that regulators will adopt rules imposing certain margin requirements, including minimums, on
un-cleared swaps in the near future, which could reduce the distinction.
Regulations
Impacting Derivatives and the Lending of Portfolio Securities.
Regulations adopted by the Board of Governors of the Federal
Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and
other regulators throughout the world, which recently took effect with respect to the funds, requires counterparties that
are part of US or foreign global systemically important banking organizations to include contractual restrictions on
close-out and cross default in agreements relating to qualified financial contracts. Securities lending agreements are
included in the category of qualified financial contracts (as well as repurchase agreements and agreements relating to
swaps, currency forwards and other derivatives). The restrictions prevent the funds from closing out a qualified financial
contract during a specified time period (e.g., two days) if the counterparty is subject to resolution proceedings and
prohibit the funds from exercising default rights during that period due to a receivership or similar proceeding of an
affiliate of the counterparty. Implementation of these requirements may increase credit and other risks to the funds.
Recent
Developments. Pursuant to regulations
adopted
by the SEC in October 2020, registered
investment companies that
invest in derivatives instruments
must comply with new Rule 18f-4 under
the
Investment Company Act. Among
other things,
Rule
18f-4 requires funds that invest in
derivatives instruments beyond a specified limited amount to
implement a
value-at-risk based
limit
to their use of certain derivative instruments, maintain a comprehensive derivatives
risk management program,
and appoint a derivatives risk manager.
A fund that limits its use of derivatives instruments is
not subject to the full requirements of Rule 18f-4 and instead qualifies as a “limited
derivatives user.”
This new regulatory framework eliminates and replaces the asset
segregation and coverage framework established by prior SEC guidance
and regulations. Following the compliance date on August 19,
2022,
the
funds will comply with Rule 18f-4
as one of three types: funds that are not derivatives users, funds that are “limited
derivatives users”
and
funds that are derivatives users that must adopt a derivatives
risk management program in compliance with Rule 18f-4. Rule
18f-4 also governs a fund's use of certain other transactions that create future payment and/or
delivery obligations by the fund,
such as short sale borrowings and
reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions, and
certain transactions
entered into on a when-issued,
delayed-delivery
or forward-commitment basis.
The requirements of
Rule 18f-4
may limit a fund's
ability to engage in
derivatives
transactions and certain
other transactions noted above as
part of its investment strategies. These requirements may also
increase the cost of doing
business, which could adversely affect the
performance of a fund.
Equity
Securities. An investment in a fund should be made with an understanding
of the risks inherent in an investment in equity securities,
including the risk that the financial condition of issuers may become impaired or that the general condition
of the stock market may deteriorate (either of which may cause a decrease in the value of the portfolio securities
and thus in the value of Shares of a fund). Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and
to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence and perceptions of their issuers change. These investor
perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic,
monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or
regional political, economic or banking crises. Holders of common stocks incur more risks than holders of preferred stocks
and debt obligations because common stockholders generally have rights to receive payments from stock issuers
inferior to the rights of creditors, or holders of debt obligations or preferred stocks. Further, unlike debt securities, which
typically have a stated principal amount payable at maturity (the value of which, however, is subject to market fluctuations
prior to maturity), or preferred stocks, which typically have a liquidation preference and which may have stated
optional or mandatory redemption provisions, common stocks have neither a fixed principal amount nor a maturity.
Although
most of the securities in each Underlying Index are listed on a national securities exchange, the principal trading
market for some may be in the over-the-counter market. The existence of a liquid trading market for certain securities
may depend on whether dealers will make a market in such securities.
Dividend-paying
stocks may underperform non-dividend paying stocks (and the stock market as a whole) over any period
of time. In addition, issuers of dividend-paying stocks may have discretion to defer or stop paying dividends for
a stated period of time, or the anticipated acceleration of dividends may not occur as a result of, among other things,
a sharp rise in interest rates or an economic downturn. If the dividend-paying stocks held by the fund reduce or
stop paying dividends, the fund’s ability to generate income may be adversely affected.
Changes
in the dividend policies of companies in a fund’s portfolio and capital resources available for these companies’ dividend
payments may adversely affect the fund. Depending upon market conditions, dividend-paying stocks that meet
the fund’s investment criteria may not be widely available and/or may be highly concentrated in only a few market sectors.
In
addition, in the current economic environment, global markets are experiencing a very high level of volatility and an
increased risk of corporate failures. The insolvency or other corporate failures of any one or more of the constituents of
the Underlying Index may have an adverse effect on an Underlying Index’s and, therefore, a fund’s performance.
Tracking
Stocks. A tracking stock is a separate class of common stock
whose value is linked to a specific business unit or operating
division within a larger company and which is designed to “track”
the performance of such business unit or division. The tracking
stock may pay dividends to shareholders independent of the parent company. The parent company,
rather than the business unit or division, generally is the issuer of tracking stock. However, holders of the tracking
stock may not have the same rights as holders of the company’s common stock.
Fixed
Income Securities. An investment in a fund should also be made
with an understanding of the risks inherent in an investment
in fixed income securities or bonds. A bond is an interest-bearing security issued by a company, governmental
unit or, in some cases, a non-US entity. The issuer of a bond has a contractual obligation to pay interest at
a stated rate on specific dates and to repay principal (the bond’s face value) periodically or on a specified maturity date.
An issuer may have the right to redeem or “call”
a bond before maturity, in which case the investor may have to
reinvest the proceeds at lower market rates. Most bonds bear interest income at a “coupon”
rate that is fixed for the life of the bond. The value of a fixed
rate bond usually rises when market interest rates fall, and falls when market interest
rates rise. Accordingly, a fixed rate bond’s yield (income as a percent of the bond’s current value) may differ from
its coupon rate as its value rises or falls. Other types of bonds bear income at an interest rate that is adjusted periodically.
Because of their adjustable interest rates, the values of “floating-rate”
or “variable-rate”
bonds generally fluctuate less in response to market interest
rate movements than the value of similar fixed rate bonds. The funds may
treat some of these bonds as having a shorter maturity for purposes of calculating the weighted average maturity of
its investment portfolio. In addition, bonds may be senior or subordinated obligations. Senior obligations generally
have
the first claim on a corporation’s earnings and assets and, in the event of liquidation, are paid before subordinated obligations.
Bonds may be unsecured (backed only by the issuer’s general creditworthiness) or secured (also backed by
specified collateral).
In
a low or negative interest rate environment, debt instruments may trade at negative yields, which means the purchaser of
the instrument may receive at maturity less than the total amount invested. In addition, in a negative interest rate environment,
if a bank charges negative interest, instead of receiving interest on deposits, a depositor must pay the bank
fees to keep money with the bank. To the extent a fund holds a negatively-yielding debt instrument or has a bank
deposit with a negative interest rate, the fund would generate a negative return on that investment.
In
response to market volatility and economic uncertainty
in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, the US government and
certain foreign central banks took
steps to stabilize markets by, among other things, reducing interest rates,
including pursuing negative interest rate policies in some instances.
More recently,
in response to signs of inflationary price movements,
the US government and certain foreign central banks have begun increasing interest
rates.
Although
interest rates in the US remain at
low levels, they have been rising and are expected to continue
to increase in the near future.
A rising interest rate environment may
cause investors to move out of fixed-income
and related
securities on
a
large scale, which
could adversely affect the price and liquidity of such securities and could
also result in increased redemptions
from a fund.
Recent inflationary price movements may
cause fixed-income securities
and related markets to
experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk.
A sharp rise in interest rates could cause
a fund’s share
price to decline.
These
considerations may limit a fund’s ability to locate fixed-income instruments containing the desired risk/return profile.
Changing interest rates could have unpredictable effects on the markets, may expose fixed-income and related markets
to heightened volatility and potential illiquidity and may increase interest rate risk for a fund.
Foreign
Securities. To the extent a fund invests in stocks of non-US
issuers, certain of the fund’s investments in such stocks
may be in the form of American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”),
Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”)
and Non-Voting Depositary Receipts (“NVDRs”)
(collectively, “Depositary
Receipts”).
Depositary Receipts are receipts, typically issued by a bank
or trust issuer, which evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a non-US issuer. For
ADRs, the depository is typically a US financial institution and the underlying securities are issued by a non- US issuer.
For other forms of Depositary Receipts, the depository may be a non-US or a US entity, and the underlying securities
may be issued by a non-US or a US issuer. Depositary Receipts are not necessarily denominated in the same
currency as their underlying securities. Generally, ADRs, issued in registered form, are designed for use in the US
securities markets, NVDRs are designed for use in the Thai securities market and GDRs are tradable both in the United
States and in Europe and are designed for use throughout the world.
In
general, Depositary Receipts will be sponsored, but a fund may invest in unsponsored ADRs under certain circumstances. The
issuers of unsponsored Depositary Receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the United States. Therefore,
there may be less information available regarding such issuers and there may be no correlation between available
information and the market value of the Depositary Receipts.
Investing
in the securities of non-US issuers involves special risks and considerations not typically associated with investing
in US issuers. These include differences in accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, the possibility of
expropriation or confiscatory taxation, adverse changes in investment or exchange control regulations, political instability which
could affect US investments in non-US countries, and potential restrictions on the flow of international capital. Non-US
issuers may be subject to less governmental regulation than US issuers. Moreover, individual non-US economies may
differ favorably or unfavorably from the US economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of
inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payment positions.
The
foreign countries in which a fund invests may become subject to economic and trade sanctions or embargoes imposed
by the US or foreign governments or the United Nations. Such sanctions or other actions could result in the devaluation
of a country’s currency or a decline in the value and liquidity of securities of issuers in that country. In addition,
such sanctions could result in a freeze on an issuer’s securities which would prevent a fund from selling
securities
it holds. The value of the securities issued by companies that operate in
or have dealings with these countries may be negatively impacted
by any such sanction or embargo and may reduce a fund’s returns. The risks related to sanctions
or embargoes are greater in emerging and frontier market countries.
Illiquid
Securities. Illiquid securities are investments that a fund reasonably
expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions
in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market
value of the investment, as determined pursuant to the fund’s liquidity risk management program (LRM Program) adopted
pursuant to Rule 22e-4 under the 1940 Act. Under a fund’s LRM Program, the fund may not hold more than 15%
of its net assets in illiquid securities. The LRM Program administrator is responsible for determining the liquidity classification
of a fund’s investments and monitoring compliance with the 15% limit on illiquid securities. Historically, illiquid
securities have included securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been
registered under the 1933 Act, securities which are otherwise not readily marketable and repurchase agreements having
a maturity of longer than seven days. Securities which have not been registered under the 1933 Act are referred to
as private placements or restricted securities and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the secondary market. Non-publicly
traded securities (including Rule 144A Securities) may involve a high degree of business and financial risk
and may result in substantial losses. These securities may be less liquid than publicly traded securities, and it may
take longer to liquidate these positions than would be the case for publicly traded securities. Companies whose securities
are not publicly traded may not be subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements applicable
to companies whose securities are publicly traded. Certain securities may be deemed to be illiquid as a result
of the Advisor’s receipt from time to time of material, non-public information about an issuer, which may limit the
Advisor’s ability to trade such securities for the account of any of its clients, including a fund. In some instances, these
trading restrictions could continue in effect for a substantial period of time. Limitations on resale may have an adverse
effect on the marketability of portfolio securities and a fund might be unable to dispose of illiquid securities promptly
or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty funding redemptions and other cash needs. An
investment in illiquid securities is subject to the risk that should a fund desire to sell any of these securities when a
ready buyer is not available at a price that is deemed to be representative of their value, the value of a fund’s net assets
could be adversely affected.
An
investment in illiquid securities is also subject to the risk of delays on resale and uncertainty in valuation. A fund might
also have to register such illiquid securities in order to dispose of them, resulting in additional expense and delay.
A fund selling its securities in a registered offering may be deemed to be an “underwriter”
for purposes of Section 11 of the 1933 Act. In such event, a
fund may be liable to purchasers of the securities under Section 11 if the
registration statement prepared by the issuer, or the prospectus forming a part of it, is materially inaccurate or misleading,
although a fund may have a due diligence defense. Adverse market conditions could impede such a public offering
of securities.
Inflation.
Inflation creates uncertainty over the future real value of an investment (the value after adjusting for inflation). The
real value of certain assets or real income from investments will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value
of money. As inflation increases, the present value of a fund's assets and distributions may decline. This risk is more
prevalent with respect to debt securities held by a fund. Inflation rates may change frequently and drastically as
a result of various factors, including unexpected shifts in the domestic or global economy. Moreover, a fund's investments may
not keep pace with inflation, which may result in losses to fund shareholders or adversely affect the real value of
shareholders' investment in a fund. Fund shareholders' expectation of future inflation can also impact the current value
of a fund’s portfolio, resulting in lower asset values and potential losses. This risk may be elevated compared to
historical market conditions because of recent monetary policy measures and the current interest rate environment.
Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles. A fund may acquire
securities of other registered investment companies and other
pooled investment vehicles (collectively, investment funds) to the extent that such investments
are consistent with its investment objective, policies, strategies and restrictions and the limitations of the
1940 Act. Pursuant to the 1940 Act, a fund’s investment in investment companies is limited to, subject to certain exceptions:
(i) 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any one investment company; (ii) 5% of the fund’s total assets
with respect to any one investment company; and (iii) 10% of the fund’s total assets with respect to investment companies
in the aggregate. In October 2020, the SEC adopted certain regulatory changes and took other actions related
to the ability of an investment company to invest in the securities of another investment company. These
changes
include, among other things, the rescission of certain SEC exemptive orders permitting investments in excess of
the statutory limits and the withdrawal of certain related SEC staff no-action letters, and the adoption of Rule 12d1-4 under
the 1940 Act. Rule 12d1-4, which became effective on January 19, 2021, will permit a fund to invest in other investment
companies beyond the statutory limits, subject to certain conditions. The rescission of the applicable exemptive orders
and the withdrawal of the applicable no-action letters was
effective on January 19, 2022. After such time, an investment
company will no longer be able to rely on the aforementioned exemptive orders and no-action letters
and will be subject instead to Rule 12d1-4 and other applicable
rules under Section 12(d)(1). The impact of these regulatory changes
on the funds is still uncertain. To the extent allowed by law or regulation, each fund may invest its assets in the
securities of investment companies that are money market funds, including those advised by the Advisor or otherwise affiliated
with the Advisor, in excess of the limits discussed above. Investment funds may include money market mutual funds
operated in accordance with Rule 2a-7, closed-end funds, and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) (including investment funds
managed by the Advisor and its affiliates). A fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees
and other expenses paid by such other investment funds.
Because
a fund may acquire securities of funds managed by the Advisor or an affiliate of the Advisor, the Advisor may have
a conflict of interest in selecting funds. The Advisor considers such conflicts of interest as part of its investment process
and has established practices designed to minimize such conflicts. The Advisor, any subadvisor and any affiliates of
the Advisor, as applicable, earn fees at varying rates for providing services to underlying affiliated funds. The Advisor and
any subadvisor may, therefore, have a conflict of interest in selecting underlying affiliated funds advised by the Advisor
or an affiliate and in determining whether to invest in an unaffiliated fund from which they will not receive any
fees. However, the Advisor and any subadvisor to a fund will select investments that it believes are appropriate to
meet the fund’s investment objectives.
ETFs
and closed-end funds trade on a securities exchange and their shares may trade at a premium or discount to their
net asset value. A fund will incur brokerage costs when it buys and sells shares of ETFs and closed-end funds. ETFs
that seek to track the composition and performance of a specific index may not replicate exactly the performance of
their specified index because of trading costs and operating expenses incurred by the ETF. At times, there may not
be an active trading market for shares of some ETFs and closed-end funds and trading of ETF and closed-end fund
shares may be halted or delisted by the listing exchange.
To
the extent consistent with its investment objective, policies, strategies and restrictions, a fund may invest in commodity-related
ETFs. Certain commodity-related ETFs may not be registered as investment companies under the 1940
Act and shareholders of such commodity-related ETFs, including the investing affiliated fund, will not have the regulatory
protections provided to investors in registered investment companies. Commodity-related ETFs may invest in
commodities directly (such as purchasing gold) or they may seek to track a commodities index by investing in commodity-linked
derivative instruments. Commodity-related ETFs are subject to the risks associated with the commodities or
commodity-linked derivative instruments in which they invest. A fund’s ability to invest in commodity-related ETFs may
be limited by its intention to qualify as a RIC under the Code. In addition, under recent amendments to rules of the
Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), a fund’s investment in commodity-related ETFs may subject the fund
and/or the Advisor to certain registration, disclosure and reporting requirements of the CFTC. The Advisor will monitor
a fund’s use of commodity-related ETFs to determine whether the fund and/or the Advisor will need to comply with
CFTC rules.
Lending
of Portfolio Securities. To generate additional income, a fund
may lend a percentage of its investment securities to approved
institutional borrowers who need to borrow securities in order to complete certain transactions, such as covering
short sales, avoiding failures to deliver securities or completing arbitrage operations, in exchange for collateral in
the form of cash or US government securities. By lending its investment securities, a fund attempts to increase its
net investment income through the receipt of interest on the loan. Any gain or loss in the market price of the securities
loaned that might occur during the term of the loan would belong to a fund. A fund may lend its investment securities
so long as the terms, structure and the aggregate amount of such loans are not inconsistent with the 1940 Act
or the rules and regulations or interpretations of the SEC thereunder, which currently require that (a) the borrower pledge
and maintain with a fund collateral consisting of liquid, unencumbered assets having a value at all times not less
than 100% of the value of the securities loaned, (b) the borrower add to such collateral whenever the price of the
securities loaned rises or the value of non-cash collateral declines (i.e., the borrower “marks
to the market”
on
a
daily basis), (c) the loan be made subject to termination by a fund at any time, and (d) a fund receives a reasonable return
on the loan (consisting of the return achieved on investment of the cash collateral, less the rebate owed to borrowers,
plus distributions on the loaned securities and any increase in their market value). A fund may pay reasonable fees
in connection with loaned securities, pursuant to written contracts, including fees paid to a fund’s custodian and fees
paid to a securities lending agent, including a securities lending agent that is an affiliate of the Advisor. Voting rights
may pass with the loaned securities, but if an event occurs that the Advisor determines to be a material event affecting
an investment on loan, the loan must be called and the securities voted. Cash collateral received by a fund may
be invested in a money market fund managed by the Advisor (or one of its affiliates).
A
fund is subject to all investment risks associated with the reinvestment of any cash collateral received, including, but
not limited to, interest rate, credit and liquidity risk associated with such investments. To the extent the value or return
of a fund’s investments of the cash collateral declines below the amount owed to a borrower, a fund may incur losses
that exceed the amount it earned on lending the security. If the borrower defaults on its obligation to return securities
lent because of insolvency or other reasons, a fund could experience delays and costs in recovering the securities
lent or gaining access to collateral. If a fund is not able to recover securities lent, a fund may sell the collateral and
purchase a replacement investment in the market, incurring the risk that the value of the replacement security is
greater than the value of the collateral. However, loans will be made only to borrowers selected by a fund’s delegate after
a commercially reasonable review of relevant facts and circumstances, including the creditworthiness of the borrower.
In
the case of securities lending transactions, payments in lieu of dividends are not qualified dividend income.
Municipal
Securities Risk. Municipal securities are subject to the risk
that litigation, legislation or other political events, local
business or economic conditions, credit rating downgrades or the bankruptcy, of the issuer could have a significant effect
on an issuer’s ability to make payments of principal and/or interest or otherwise affect the value of such securities. In
addition, there is a risk that, as a result of the recent economic crisis, the ability of any issuer to pay, when due, the
principal or interest on its municipal bonds may be materially affected. Certain municipalities may have difficulty meeting
their obligations due to, among other reasons, changes in underlying demographics.
Municipal
securities can be significantly affected by political changes as well as uncertainties in the municipal market related
to government regulation, taxation, legislative changes or the rights of municipal security holders. Because many
municipal securities are issued to finance similar projects, especially those relating to education, health care, transportation,
utilities and water and sewer, conditions in those sectors can affect the overall municipal market. In addition,
changes in the financial condition of an individual municipal insurer can affect the overall municipal market. A
number of municipalities have had significant financial problems recently, and these and other municipalities could, potentially,
continue to experience significant financial problems resulting from lower tax revenues and/or decreased aid
from state and local governments in the event of an economic downturn. This could potentially decrease the fund’s income
or hurt its ability to preserve capital and liquidity. Municipal securities may include revenue bonds, which are generally
backed by revenue from a specific project or tax. The issuer of a revenue bond makes interest and principal payments
from revenues generated from a particular source or facility, such as a tax on particular property or revenues generated
from a municipal water or sewer utility or an airport. Revenue bonds generally are not backed by the full faith
and credit and general taxing power of the issuer. Municipal securities backed by current or anticipated revenues from
a specific project or specific assets can be negatively affected by the discontinuance of the taxation supporting the
project or assets or the inability to collect revenues for the project or from the assets due to factors such as lower property
tax collections as a result of lower home values, lower sales tax revenues as a result of consumers cutting back
spending and lower income tax revenue as a result of a higher unemployment rate. In addition, since some municipal
obligations may be secured or guaranteed by banks and other institutions, the risk to the fund could increase if
the banking or financial sector suffers an economic downturn and/or if the credit ratings of the institutions issuing the
guarantee are downgraded or at risk of being downgraded by a national rating organization. Municipal instruments may
be susceptible to periods of economic stress, which could affect the market values and marketability of many or
all municipal obligations of issuers in a state, US territory, or possession. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic has
significantly stressed the financial resources of some
municipal issuers, which may impair a municipal issuer’s ability
to meet its financial obligations when due and could adversely impact the value of its bonds, which could negatively
impact
the performance of a fund. The municipal securities market can
be susceptible to increases in volatility and decreases in liquidity.
Liquidity can decline unpredictably in response to overall economic conditions or credit tightening. Increases
in volatility and decreases in liquidity may be caused by a rise in interest rates (or the expectation of a rise in
interest rates).
The
market for municipal bonds may be less liquid than for taxable bonds. There may also be less publicly available information
on the financial condition of issuers of municipal securities than for public corporations. This means that it
may be harder to buy and sell municipal securities, especially on short notice, and municipal securities may be more difficult
for the fund to value accurately than securities of public corporations. Since the fund invests a significant portion
of its portfolio in municipal securities, the fund’s portfolio may have greater exposure to liquidity risk than a fund
that invests in non-municipal securities. In addition, the value and liquidity of many municipal securities have decreased
as a result of the recent financial crisis, which has also adversely affected many municipal securities issuers and
may continue to do so. The markets for many credit instruments, including municipal securities, have experienced periods
of illiquidity and extreme volatility since the latter half of 2007. In response to the global economic downturn, governmental
cost burdens may be reallocated among federal, state and local governments. In addition, issuers of municipal
securities may seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. For example, Chapter 9 of the United States Code
(the “Bankruptcy
Code”)
provides a financially distressed municipality protection from its creditors while it develops and
negotiates a plan for reorganizing its debts. “Municipality”
is defined broadly by the Bankruptcy Code as a “political
subdivision or public agency or instrumentality of a state”
and may include various issues of securities in which the fund
invests. The reorganization of a municipality’s debts may include extending debt maturities, reducing the amount of
principal or interest, refinancing the debt or taking other measures, which may significantly affect the rights of creditors
and the value of the securities issued by the municipality and the value of the fund’s investments.
Some
longer-term municipal securities give the investor the right to “put”
or sell the security at par (face value) within a specified number
of days following the investor’s request – usually one to seven days. This demand feature enhances a
security’s liquidity by shortening its effective maturity and enables it to trade at a price equal to or very close to par. If
a demand feature terminates prior to being exercised, the fund would hold the longer-term security, which could experience
substantially more volatility. Municipal securities are subject to credit and market risk. Generally, prices of
higher quality issues tend to fluctuate more with changes in market interest rates than prices of lower quality issues and
prices of longer maturity issues tend to fluctuate more than prices of shorter maturity issues.
Prices
and yields on municipal securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including general money-market conditions, the
financial condition of the issuer, general conditions of the municipal securities market, the size of a particular offering,
the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. A number of these factors, including the ratings of particular
issues, are subject to change from time to time. Available information about the financial condition of an issuer
of municipal securities may not be as extensive as that which is made available by corporations whose securities are
publicly traded. As a result, municipal securities may be more difficult to value than securities of public corporations.
Many
state and local governments that issue municipal securities are currently under significant economic and financial stress
and may not be able to satisfy their obligations. The taxing power of any governmental entity may be limited and
an entity’s credit may depend on factors which are beyond the entity’s control.
Electric
Utilities Bond Risk. The electric utilities industry has been
experiencing, and will continue to experience, increased competitive
pressures. Federal legislation may open transmission access to any electricity supplier, although it is not presently
known to what extent competition will evolve. Other risks include: (a) the availability and cost of fuel; (b) the
availability and cost of capital; (c) the effects of conservation on energy demand; (d) the effects of rapidly changing environmental,
safety and licensing requirements, and other federal, state and local regulations, (e) timely and sufficient rate
increases and governmental limitations on rates charged to customers; (f) the effects of opposition to nuclear power;
(g) increases in operating costs; and (h) obsolescence of existing equipment, facilities and products.
Industrial
Development Bond Risk. Industrial developments bonds are revenue
bonds issued by or on behalf of public authorities to obtain
funds to finance various public and/or privately operated facilities, including those for business and
manufacturing, housing, sports, pollution control, airport, mass transit, port and parking facilities. These bonds are
normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax payments. Consequently,
the
credit quality of these securities is dependent upon the ability of the user of the facilities financed by the bonds and
any guarantor to meet its financial obligations. Payment of interest on and repayment of principal of such bonds are
the responsibility of the user and/or any guarantor. These bonds are subject to a wide variety of risks, many of which
relate to the nature of the specific project. Generally, the value and credit quality of these bonds are sensitive to
the risks related to an economic slowdown.
Lease
Obligations Risk.
Lease obligations may have risks not normally associated with general obligation or other revenue
bonds. Leases and installment purchase or conditional sale contracts (which may provide for title to the leased asset
to pass eventually to the issuer) have developed as a means for governmental issuers to acquire property and equipment
without the necessity of complying with the constitutional statutory requirements generally applicable for the
issuance of debt. Certain lease obligations contain “nonappropriation”
clauses that provide that the governmental issuer has no obligation
to make future payments under the lease or contract unless money is appropriated for that purpose
by the appropriate legislative body on an annual or other periodic basis. Consequently, continued lease payments on
those lease obligations containing “non-appropriation”
clauses are dependent on future legislative actions. If these legislative
actions do not occur, the holders of the lease obligation may experience difficulty in exercising their rights, including
disposition of the property. In such circumstances, the fund might not recover the full principal amount of the
obligation.
Municipal
Bond Tax Risk. There is no guarantee that the fund’s income
will be exempt from federal or state income taxes. Events occurring
after the date of issuance of a municipal bond or after the fund’s acquisition of a municipal bond
may result in a determination that interest on that bond is includible in gross income for US federal income tax purposes
retroactively to its date of issuance. Such a determination may cause a portion of prior distributions by the fund
to its shareholders to be taxable to those shareholders in the year of receipt. Federal or state changes in income or
AMT rates or in the tax treatment of municipal bonds may make municipal bonds less attractive as investments and
cause them to lose value.
Municipal
Market Disruption Risk. The value of municipal securities may
be affected by uncertainties in the municipal market related
to legislation or litigation involving the taxation of municipal securities or the rights of municipal securities holders
in the event of a bankruptcy. Proposals to restrict or eliminate the federal income tax exemption for interest on
municipal securities are introduced before Congress from time to time. Proposals also may be introduced before state
legislatures that would affect the state tax treatment of a municipal fund’s distributions. If such proposals were enacted,
the availability of municipal securities and the value of a municipal fund’s holdings would be affected. Municipal bankruptcies
are relatively rare, and certain provisions of the US Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcies are unclear
and remain untested. Further, the application of state law to municipal issuers could produce varying results among
the states or among municipal securities issuers within a state. These legal uncertainties could affect the municipal
securities market generally, certain specific segments of the market, or the relative credit quality of particular securities.
There is also the possibility that as a result of litigation or other conditions, the power or ability of issuers to
meet their obligations for the payment of interest and principal on their municipal securities may be materially affected
or their obligations may be found to be invalid or unenforceable. Such litigation or conditions may from time to
time have the effect of introducing uncertainties in the market for municipal securities or certain segments thereof, or
of materially affecting the credit risk with respect to particular bonds. Adverse economic, business, legal or political developments
might affect all or a substantial portion of the fund’s municipal securities in the same manner. Any of these
effects could have a significant impact on the prices of some or all of the municipal securities held by the fund.
Resource
Recovery Bond Risk. Resource recovery bonds are a type of revenue
bond issued to build facilities such as solid waste incinerators
or waste-to-energy plants. Typically, a private corporation is involved, at least during the construction
phase, and the revenue stream is secured by fees or rents paid by municipalities for use of the facilities. These
bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax receipts.
Consequently, the credit quality of these securities is dependent upon the ability of the user of the facilities financed
by the bonds and any guarantor to meet its financial obligations. The viability of a resource recovery project, environmental
protection regulations, and project operator tax incentives may affect the value and credit quality of resource
recovery bonds.
Special
Tax Bond Risk. Special tax bonds are usually backed and payable
through a single tax, or series of special taxes such as incremental
property taxes. The failure of the tax levy to generate adequate revenue to pay the debt service
on the bonds may cause the value of the bonds to decline. Adverse conditions and developments affecting a
particular project may result in lower revenues to the issuer of the municipal securities, which may adversely affect the
value of the fund’s portfolio.
Transportation
Bond Risk. Transportation bonds may be issued to finance the
construction of airports, toll roads, highways or other transit
facilities. Airport bonds are dependent on the general stability of the airline industry and on the stability of
a specific carrier who uses the airport as a hub. Air traffic generally follows broader economic trends and is also affected
by the price and availability of fuel. Toll road bonds are also affected by the cost and availability of fuel as well as
toll levels, the presence of competing roads and the general economic health of an area. Fuel costs and availability also
affect other transportation-related securities, as do the presence of alternate forms of transportation, such as public
transportation. Municipal securities that are issued to finance a particular transportation project often depend solely
on revenues from that project to make principal and interest payments. Adverse conditions and developments affecting
a particular project may result in lower revenues to the issuer of the municipal securities.
Water
and Sewer Bond Risk. Water and sewer revenue bonds are often
considered to have relatively secure credit as a result of their
issuer’s importance, monopoly status and generally unimpeded ability to raise rates. Despite this, lack
of water supply due to insufficient rain, run-off or snow pack is a concern that has led to past defaults. Further, public
resistance to rate increases, costly environmental litigation, and federal environmental mandates are challenges faced
by issuers of water and sewer bonds.
Repurchase
Agreements. A repurchase agreement is an instrument under which
the purchaser (i.e., a fund) acquires the security and the seller
agrees, at the time of the sale, to repurchase the security at a mutually agreed upon time and
price, thereby determining the yield during the purchaser’s holding period. Repurchase agreements may be construed to
be collateralized loans by the purchaser to the seller secured by the securities transferred to the purchaser. If a repurchase
agreement is construed to be a collateralized loan, the underlying securities will not be considered to be owned
by each fund but only to constitute collateral for the seller’s obligation to pay the repurchase price, and, in the event
of a default by the seller, each fund may suffer time delays and incur costs or losses in connection with the disposition
of the collateral.
In
any repurchase transaction, collateral for a repurchase agreement may include cash items, obligations issued by the
US government or its agencies or instrumentalities and any other debt security that the Advisor and/or Subadvisor, as
applicable, determines at the time the repurchase agreement is entered into: (i) is issued by an issuer that has an exceptionally
strong capacity to meet its financial obligations; and (ii) is sufficiently liquid that it can be sold at approximately its
carrying value in the ordinary course of business within seven calendar days. Collateral, however, is not limited to the
foregoing and may include for example obligations rated below the highest category by NRSROs. Collateral for a
repurchase agreement may also include securities that a fund could not hold directly without the repurchase obligation.
Repurchase
agreements pose certain risks for a fund that utilizes them. Such risks are not unique to the funds but are
inherent in repurchase agreements. The funds seek to minimize such risks but such risks cannot be eliminated. Lower
quality collateral and collateral with longer maturities may be subject to greater price fluctuations than higher quality
collateral and collateral with shorter maturities. If the repurchase agreement counterparty were to default, lower
quality collateral may be more difficult to liquidate than higher quality collateral. Should the counterparty default and
the amount of collateral not be sufficient to cover the counterparty’s repurchase obligation, a fund would retain the
status of an unsecured creditor of the counterparty (i.e., the position the fund would normally be in if it were to hold,
pursuant to its investment policies, other unsecured debt securities of the defaulting counterparty) with respect to
the amount of the shortfall. As an unsecured creditor, a fund would be at risk of losing some or all of the principal and
income involved in the transaction.
Restricted
Securities/Rule 144A Securities. The funds may invest in securities
offered pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act (“Rule
144A securities”),
which are restricted securities. They may be less liquid and more difficult to value
than other investments because such securities may not be readily marketable in broad public markets. The funds
may not be able to sell a restricted security promptly or at a reasonable price. Although there is a substantial
institutional
market for Rule 144A securities, it is not possible to predict exactly how the market for Rule 144A securities will
develop. A restricted security that was liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid and its value
may decline as a result. Restricted securities that are deemed illiquid will count towards a fund’s limitation on illiquid
securities. In addition, transaction costs may be higher for restricted securities than for more liquid securities. The
funds may have to bear the expense of registering Rule 144A securities for resale and the risk of substantial delays
in effecting the registration.
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements.
A fund may enter into
“reverse
repurchase agreements,”
which are repurchase agreements
in which a fund, as the seller
of the securities,
agrees
to repurchase such
securities at an agreed time
and price.
Under a
reverse repurchase agreement, a fund continues
to receive any principal and interest payments on the underlying
security during the term of the agreement. A
fund’s obligations under
reverse repurchase agreements are treated as borrowings requiring
the necessary asset coverage under Section 18(f)
of
the 1940 Act.
Such transactions may
increase fluctuations in the market value of fund assets and its yield.
Russian
Securities. As a result of political and military actions undertaken
by Russia in recent years, including the military
incursions in Ukraine in February 2022, the US, the European
Union and other countries have
instituted broad-ranging economic
sanctions against Russia
and certain Russian individuals,
banking
entities and corporations. Among
other things, these sanctions froze certain Russian assets, prohibited
trading in certain Russian securities and doing business with
certain Russian individuals and entities, including large financial institutions.
These sanctions also included the removal
of some Russian banks from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications (SWIFT),
the electronic network that connects banks globally. These sanctions,
and any additional sanctions or other intergovernmental actions
that may be undertaken against Russia in the future, may result in the devaluation of Russian currency, a downgrade
in Russia’s credit rating, and a decline in the value and
liquidity of Russian securities. Retaliatory actions or
countermeasures that are being taken or may be taken in the future by Russia
(including
cyberattacks on
other governments,
corporations or individuals,
the
closure
of Russian securities markets or
the seizure of foreign residents’
assets),
may further decrease
the value and liquidity of Russian securities.
Any or all of these potential results could push Russia’s
economy into a recession. In addition, beginning in March 2022,
certain index providers began removing Russian securities from
their indices, including certain indices utilized by the funds. As a result of the sanctions, Russian government
countermeasures, trading halts on U.S. and non-U.S. exchanges and the collective impact on the trading markets
for Russian securities, a fund’s ability to buy and sell Russian investments has been impaired. For example, a
fund may be required to freeze or otherwise be unable to sell or deliver existing investments in Russian securities, including
securities that may have been removed from a fund’s Underlying Index or may be prohibited from investing or
otherwise be unable to invest in certain Russian securities. As a result, certain funds have used, and may in the future
use, fair valuation procedures approved by the Board to value certain Russian securities, which could result in such
securities being valued at zero. These sanctions, and the continued
disruption of the Russian economy, could have a negative effect
on the performance of a fund to the extent their Underlying Indexes and/or
their portfolios contain the securities of Russian issuers.
It is impossible to predict when the sanctions imposed as a result of the Russian
incursion into Ukraine, restrictions on trading Russian securities or other ramifications for the Russian economy and
financial markets around the world will be relieved.
Short
Sales. When a fund makes a short sale, it borrows the security
sold short and delivers it to the broker-dealer through which
it made the short sale. Each fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and is often obligated
to turn over any payments received on such borrowed securities to the lender of the securities. Each fund secures
its obligation to replace the borrowed security by depositing collateral with the broker-dealer, usually in cash, US
Government securities or other liquid securities similar to those borrowed. With respect to uncovered short positions, the
funds are required to deposit similar collateral with its custodian, if necessary, to the extent that the value of both collateral
deposits in the aggregate is at all times equal to at least 150% of the current market value of the securities sold
short (100% of the current market value if a security is held in the account that is convertible or exchangeable into
the security sold short within 90 days without restriction other than the payment of money). Depending on arrangements made
with the broker-dealer from which a fund borrowed the security, regarding payment received by the fund on such
security, the fund may not receive any payments (including interest) on its collateral deposited with such broker-dealer. Because
making short sales in securities that it does not own exposes a fund to the risks associated with those securities,
such short sales involve speculative exposure risk. Each fund will incur a loss as a result of a short sale if
the
price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the fund replaces the borrowed
security. Each fund will realize a gain on a short sale if the security declines in price between those dates. There
can be no assurance that the funds will be able to close out a short sale position at any particular time or at an acceptable
price.
Each
fund may also make short sales “against
the box”
without being subject to such limitations. In a short sale “against-the-box,”
at the time of the sale, a fund owns or has the immediate and unconditional right to acquire the identical
security at no additional cost. If a fund makes a short sale against the box, the fund would not immediately deliver
the securities sold and would not receive the proceeds from the sale. The seller is said to have a short position in
the securities sold until it delivers the securities sold, at which time it receives the proceeds of the sale. To secure its
obligation to deliver securities sold short, a fund will deposit in escrow in a separate account with the custodian an
equal amount of the securities sold short or securities convertible into or exchangeable for such securities. Each fund
can close out its short position by purchasing and delivering an equal amount of the securities sold short, rather than
by delivering securities already held by the fund because the fund might want to continue to receive interest and
dividend payments on securities in its portfolio that are convertible into the securities sold short.
Short-Term
Instruments and Temporary Investments. Short-term instruments,
including money market instruments, may be used on an ongoing
basis to provide liquidity or for other reasons, including to the extent necessary to help each
fund track its underlying index. Money market instruments are generally short-term investments that may include but
are not limited to: (i) Shares of money market funds (including those advised by the Advisor and/or Subadvisor, as
applicable); (ii) obligations issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities (including government-sponsored
enterprises); (iii) negotiable certificates of deposit (“CDs”),
bankers’ acceptances, fixed-time deposits and other obligations
of US and non-US banks (including non-US branches) and similar institutions; (iv) commercial paper
rated, at the date of purchase, “Prime-1”
by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or “A-1”
by Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC or, if
unrated, of comparable quality as determined by the Advisor and/or Subadvisor, as applicable; (v)
non-convertible corporate debt securities (e.g., bonds and debentures) with remaining maturities at the date of purchase
of not more than 397 days and that satisfy the credit quality requirements set forth in Rule 2a-7 under the 1940
Act; (vi) repurchase agreements; and (vii) short-term US dollar-denominated obligations of non-US banks (including US
branches) that, in the opinion of the Advisor and/or Subadvisor, as applicable, are of comparable quality to obligations of
US banks which may be purchased by a fund. Any of these instruments may be purchased on a current or forward-settled basis.
Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in banking institutions for specified periods of time at stated
interest rates. Bankers’ acceptances are time drafts drawn on commercial banks by borrowers, usually in connection with
international transactions.
Special
Taxation Risks for Funds that Invest in Underlying Funds. To
the extent a fund invests in an Underlying Fund, the fund’s
exposure to the portfolio investments of such Underlying Fund through its investment in the Underlying Fund’s
shares may be less tax efficient than the fund investing directly in the Underlying Fund’s portfolio investments. The
fund will not be able to offset its taxable income and gains with losses incurred by the Underlying Fund because the
Underlying Fund is treated as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes. The fund’s sales of shares in the Underlying
Fund, including those resulting from changes in the fund’s allocation of assets, could cause the recognition of
additional taxable gains. A portion of any such gains may be short-term capital gains, which will be taxable as ordinary dividend
income when distributed to the fund’s shareholders.
Further,
certain losses recognized on sales of shares in an Underlying Fund may be deferred indefinitely under the wash
sale rules. Any loss realized by the fund on a disposition of shares in an Underlying Fund held for six months or less
will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as distributions to the fund of net long-term
capital gain with respect to the Underlying Fund’s shares (including any amounts credited to the fund as undistributed
capital gains). Short-term capital gains earned by the Underlying Fund will be treated as ordinary dividends when
distributed to the fund and therefore may not be offset by any short-term capital losses incurred by the fund. The
fund’s short-term capital losses might instead offset long-term capital gains realized by the fund, which would otherwise
be eligible for reduced US federal income tax rates when distributed to individual and certain other non-corporate shareholders.
To
the extent a fund invests in an Xtrackers China A-Shares ETF, such investment poses additional taxation risk. Specifically, if
the Chinese government imposes restrictions on the Xtrackers China A-Shares ETF’s ability to repatriate monies associated
with investment in A-Shares, the Xtrackers China A-Shares ETF could fail to qualify for US federal income tax
treatment as a RIC. Under those circumstances, the Xtrackers China A-Shares ETF would be subject to tax as a regular
corporation, and the fund would not be able to treat non-US income taxes paid by the Xtrackers China A-Shares ETFs
as paid by the fund’s shareholders.
Tax
Risks. As with any investment, you should consider how your investment
in Shares of the fund will be taxed. The tax information in the
Prospectus and this SAI is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax
professional about the tax consequences of an investment in Shares of the fund.
When-Issued
and Delayed-Delivery Securities.
A fund may purchase securities
on
a when-issued or delayed-delivery
basis.
Delivery
of and payment for these securities can take place a month or
more after the date of the
purchase commitment.
The payment obligation and
the interest rate that will be received on when-issued
and delayed-delivery securities are fixed at the time the buyer
enters into the commitment. Due to fluctuations in the value
of securities purchased or sold on a when-issued or delayed-delivery
basis,
the yields obtained on such securities may be higher or lower
than the yields available in the market on the dates when the investments are actually delivered to the buyers. When-issued
securities may include securities purchased on a “when,
as and if issued”
basis,
under which the issuance of the security depends on the occurrence
of a subsequent event, such as approval of a merger, corporate reorganization or
debt restructuring. The value of such securities is subject to
market fluctuation during this period and no interest or income,
as applicable, accrues to a fund until settlement takes place.
At
the time a fund makes the commitment to purchase securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis, it will record
the transaction, reflect the value each day of such securities in determining its net asset value and, if applicable, calculate
the maturity for the purposes of average maturity from that date. At the time of settlement a when-issued security
may be valued at less than the purchase price. Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act permits a fund to invest in a security
on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis and the transaction will be deemed not to involve a senior security, provided
that the fund intends to physically settle the transaction and the transaction will settle within 35 days of its trade
date. If a fund chooses to dispose of the right to acquire a when-issued security prior to its acquisition, it could, as
with the disposition of any other portfolio obligation, incur a gain or loss due to market fluctuation. When a fund engages
in when-issued or delayed-delivery transactions, it relies on the other party to consummate the trade and is,
therefore, exposed to counterparty risk. Failure of the seller to do so may result in a fund’s incurring a loss or missing
an opportunity to obtain a price considered to be advantageous.
Investments,
Practices and Techniques, and Risks of the Underlying Money Market
Funds
To
the extent that a fund invests in a money market fund advised by DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc., an
affiliate of DBX, certain of these risks would also apply to that fund.
Adjustable
Rate Securities. The interest rates paid on the adjustable rate
securities in which a fund invests generally are readjusted at
periodic intervals, usually by reference to a predetermined interest rate index. Adjustable rate securities include
US Government securities and securities of other issuers. Some adjustable rate securities are backed by pools of
mortgage loans. There are three main categories of interest rate indices: those based on US Treasury securities, those
derived from a calculated measure such as a cost of funds index and those based on a moving average of mortgage
rates. Commonly used indices include the one-year, three-year and five-year constant maturity Treasury rates,
the three-month Treasury bill rate, the 180-day Treasury bill rate, rates on longer-term Treasury securities, the 11th
District Federal Home Loan Bank Cost of Funds, the National Median Cost of Funds, the one-month, three-month, six-month
or one-year London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the prime rate of a specific bank or commercial paper rates.
As with fixed-rates securities, changes in market interest rates and changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness may
affect the value of adjustable rate securities.
Some
indices, such as the one-year constant maturity Treasury rate, closely mirror changes in market interest rate levels.
Others, such as the 11th District Home Loan Bank Cost of Funds index (Cost of Funds Index), tend to lag behind changes
in market rate levels and tend to be somewhat less volatile. To the extent that the Cost of Funds index may reflect
interest changes on a more delayed basis than other indices, in a period of rising interest rates, any increase may
produce a higher yield later than would be produced by such other indices, and in a period of declining interest rates,
the Cost of Funds index may remain higher for a longer period of time than other market interest rates, which may
result in a higher level of principal prepayments on adjustable rate securities which adjust in accordance with the
Cost of Funds index than adjustable rate securities which adjust in accordance with other indices. In addition, dislocations
in the member institutions of the 11th District Federal Home Loan Bank in recent years have caused and may
continue to cause the Cost of Funds index to change for reasons unrelated to changes in general interest rate levels.
Furthermore, any movement in the Cost of Funds index as compared to other indices based upon specific interest
rates may be affected by changes in the method used to calculate the Cost of Funds index.
If
prepayments of principal are made on the securities during periods of rising interest rates, a fund generally will be able
to reinvest such amounts in securities with a higher current rate of return. However, a fund will not benefit from increases
in interest rates to the extent that interest rates rise to the point where they cause the current coupon of adjustable
rate securities held as investments by a fund to exceed the maximum allowable annual or lifetime reset limits
(cap rates) for a particular adjustable rate security. Also, a fund’s net asset value could vary to the extent that current
yields on adjustable rate securities are different than market yields during interim periods between coupon reset
dates.
During
periods of declining interest rates, the coupon rates may readjust downward, resulting in lower yields to a fund.
Further, because of this feature, the value of adjustable rate securities is unlikely to rise during periods of declining interest
rates to the same extent as fixed-rate instruments. Interest rate declines may result in accelerated prepayment of
adjustable rate securities, and the proceeds from such prepayments must be reinvested at lower prevailing interest rates.
LIBOR,
the benchmark rate for certain floating rate securities, has been phased out as of the end of 2021 for most maturities
and currencies, although certain widely used US Dollar LIBOR rates are expected to continue to be published through
June 2023 to assist with the transition. The transition process from LIBOR towards its expected replacement reference
rate with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) for US Dollar LIBOR rates has become increasingly well
defined, especially following the signing of the federal Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act in March 2022 (discussed below).
There is no assurance that the composition or characteristics of any such alternative reference rate will be similar
to or produce the same value or economic equivalence as LIBOR or that it will have the same volume or liquidity as
did LIBOR prior to its discontinuance or unavailability, which may affect the value or liquidity or return on certain of
a fund’s investments and result in costs incurred in connection with closing out positions and entering into new trades.
The
LIBOR transition process might lead to increased volatility and illiquidity in markets for, and reduce the effectiveness of
new hedges placed against, instruments whose terms currently include LIBOR. While some existing LIBOR-based instruments
may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate-setting methodology,
there may be significant uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of any such alternative methodologies to
replicate LIBOR. Some existing LIBOR-based instruments may not have alternative rate-setting provisions and there remains
uncertainty regarding the willingness and ability of issuers and counterparties to add alternative rate-setting provisions
in certain existing instruments. On March 15, 2022, the federal Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act was signed
into law, which provides a statutory alternative rate-setting methodology on a nationwide basis for certain LIBOR-based
instruments that contain no, or insufficient, alternative rate-setting provisions. Following the June 2023 cessation
date or an alternative date determined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Federal Reserve
Board), the LIBOR Act will, by operation of law, replace LIBOR in such instruments with an alternative benchmark rate
that is selected by the Federal Reserve Board and based on the SOFR. The LIBOR Act provides that the Federal Reserve
Board shall promulgate implementing regulations within 180 days of enactment. The transition of LIBOR-based instruments
from LIBOR to a replacement rate as a result of amendment, application of existing alternative rate-setting provisions,
statutory requirements or otherwise may result in a reduction in the value of certain instruments held by a
fund or a reduction in the effectiveness of related fund transactions such as hedges. An instrument’s transition to
a
replacement rate could also result in variations in the reported yields of a fund that holds such instrument. In addition, a
liquid market for newly-issued instruments that use a reference rate other than LIBOR still may be developing. There may
also be challenges for a fund to enter into hedging transactions against such newly-issued instruments until a market
for such hedging transactions develops. All of the aforementioned may adversely affect a fund’s performance or
net asset value.
Asset-Backed
Securities.
A
fund may invest
in securities generally referred to as asset-backed securities. Asset-backed securities
are securities that directly or indirectly represent interests in,
or are secured by and payable from, an underlying pool
of assets such as (but not limited to) first lien mortgages, motor vehicle installment sale contracts, other installment sale
contracts, home equity loans, leases of various types of real and personal property, and receivables from revolving credit
(i.e., credit card) agreements and trade receivables.
Such assets are securitized through the use of trusts and special
purpose corporations. Asset-backed securities may provide periodic
payments that consist of interest and/or principal payments.
Consequently, the life of an asset-backed security varies with the prepayment and loss experience of
the underlying assets. Payments of principal and interest may be dependent upon the cash flow generated by the underlying
assets backing the securities and, in certain
cases, may be supported by some form of credit enhancement (for
more information, see Credit Enhancement). The degree of credit
enhancement provided for each issue is generally based on historical
information respecting the level
of credit risk associated with the underlying assets. Delinquency or
loss in excess of that anticipated or failure of the credit enhancement could adversely affect the return on an investment in
such a security. The value of the securities also may change
because of changes in interest rates or changes in the market’s
perception of the creditworthiness of the servicing agent
for
the loan
pool, the originator
of the loans or the financial
institution providing the credit enhancement.
Additionally,
since the deterioration of
worldwide economic and liquidity conditions that became acute
in 2008, asset-backed
securities have been subject
to greater liquidity
risk.
Asset-backed
securities are
ultimately dependent upon payment of loans and receivables by
individuals, businesses and other borrowers,
and a fund generally has no recourse against the entity that
originated the loans.
Because
asset-backed securities may not have the benefit of a security interest in the underlying assets, asset-backed securities
present certain additional risks that are not present with mortgage-backed securities. For example, credit card
receivables are generally unsecured, and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal
consumer credit laws, many of which give such debtors the right to avoid payment of certain amounts owed on
the credit cards, thereby reducing the balance due. Furthermore, most issuers of automobile receivables permit the
servicer to retain possession of the underlying obligations. If the servicer were to sell these obligations to another party,
there is a risk that the purchaser would acquire an interest superior to that of the holders of the related automobile receivables.
In addition, because of the large number of vehicles involved in a typical issuance and technical requirements under
state laws, the trustee for the holders of the automobile receivables may not have a proper security interest in
all of the obligations backing such receivables. Therefore, there is the possibility that recoveries on repossessed collateral
may not, in some cases, be available to support payments on these securities.
The
yield characteristics of the asset-backed securities in which a fund may invest differ from those of traditional debt securities.
Among the major differences are that interest and principal payments are made more frequently on asset-backed securities
(usually monthly) and that principal may be prepaid at any time because the underlying assets generally may
be prepaid at any time. As a result, if a fund purchases these securities at a premium, a prepayment rate that is faster
than expected will reduce their yield, while a prepayment rate that is slower than expected will have the opposite effect
of increasing yield. Conversely, if a fund purchases these securities at a discount, faster than expected prepayments will
increase, while slower than expected prepayments will reduce, the yield on these securities. Because prepayment of
principal generally occurs during a period of declining interest rates, a fund may generally have to reinvest the proceeds
of such prepayments at lower interest rates. Therefore, asset-backed securities may have less potential for capital
appreciation in periods of falling interest rates than other income-bearing securities of comparable maturity. Conversely,
during periods of rising interest rates, prepayment rates tend to decline, thus lengthening the duration of
asset-backed securities, which may increase the price volatility of these securities.
Other
Asset-Backed Securities. The securitization techniques used to
develop mortgage-backed securities are now being applied to a
broad range of assets. Through the use of trusts and special purpose corporations, various types of
assets, including automobile loans, computer leases and credit card receivables, are being securitized in pass-through
structures
similar to mortgage pass-through structures or in a structure similar to the CMO structure. In general, the collateral
supporting these securities is of shorter maturity than mortgage loans and is less likely to experience substantial prepayments
with interest rate fluctuations.
Several
types of asset-backed securities have already been offered to investors, including Certificates of Automobile ReceivablesSM
(CARSSM)
and Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs). CARSSM
represent undivided fractional interests in a trust whose assets
consist of a pool of motor vehicle retail installment sales contracts and security interests in the
vehicles securing the contracts. Payments of principal and interest on CARSSM
are passed through monthly to certificate holders, and are guaranteed
up to certain amounts and for a certain time period by a letter of credit issued by
a financial institution unaffiliated with the trustee or originator of the trust. An investor’s return on CARSSM
may be affected by early prepayment of principal on the underlying
vehicle sales contracts. If the letter of credit is exhausted, the
trust may be prevented from realizing the full amount due on a sales contract because of state law requirements and
restrictions relating to foreclosure sales of vehicles and the obtaining of deficiency judgments following such sales
or because of depreciation, damage or loss of a vehicle, the application of federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency
laws, or other factors. As a result, certificate holders may experience delays in payments or losses if the letter
of credit is exhausted. CLOs represent interests in a trust whose underlying assets consist of a pool of loans. Such
loans may include domestic and foreign senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans and subordinate corporate loans,
some of which may be below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. CLOs issue classes or “tranches”
that vary in risk and yield. A CLO may experience substantial
losses attributable to defaults on underlying assets. Such losses
will be borne first by the holders of subordinate tranches. A fund’s investment in a CLO may decrease in
market value because of (i) loan defaults or credit impairment, (ii) the disappearance of subordinate tranches, (iii) market
anticipation of defaults, and (iv) investor aversion to CLO securities as a class. These risks may be magnified depending
on the tranche of CLO securities in which a fund invests. For example, investments in a junior tranche of CLO
securities will likely be more sensitive to loan defaults or credit impairment than investments in more senior tranches.
A
fund may also invest in residual interests in asset-backed securities. In the case of asset-backed securities issued in
a pass-through structure, the cash flow generated by the underlying assets is applied to make required payments on
the securities and to pay related administrative expenses. The residual in an asset-backed security pass-through structure
represents the interest in any excess cash flow remaining after making the foregoing payments. The amount of
residual cash flow resulting from a particular issue of asset-backed securities will depend on, among other things, the
characteristics of the underlying assets, the coupon rates on the securities, prevailing interest rates, the amount of
administrative expenses and the actual prepayment experience on the underlying assets. Asset-backed security residuals
not registered under the 1933 Act may be subject to certain restrictions on transferability. In addition, there may
be no liquid market for such securities.
The
availability of asset-backed securities may be affected by legislative or regulatory developments. It is possible that
such developments may require a fund to dispose of any then-existing holdings of such securities.
Borrowing.
Under the 1940 Act, a fund is required to maintain continuous asset coverage of 300% with respect to permitted
borrowings and to sell (within three days) sufficient portfolio holdings to restore such coverage if it should decline
to less than 300% due to market fluctuations or otherwise, even if such liquidation of a fund's holdings may be
disadvantageous from an investment standpoint.
Credit
Facility. A fund and other affiliated funds (“Participants”)
share in a revolving credit facility provided by a syndication of
banks. A fund may borrow money under this credit facility for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding
of shareholder redemption requests, that otherwise might require the untimely disposition of securities. Participants are
charged an annual commitment fee, which is allocated based on net assets, among each of the Participants. Interest is
charged to a fund on its borrowings at current commercial rates. A fund can prepay loans at any time and may at any
time terminate, or from time to time reduce, without the payment of a premium or penalty, its commitment under the
credit facility subject to compliance with certain conditions.
Borrowing
may exaggerate changes in the net asset value of fund shares and in the return on a fund’s portfolio. Borrowing will
cost a fund interest expense and other fees, which may reduce a fund’s return. A fund is required to maintain continuous
asset coverage with respect to its borrowings and may be required to sell some of its holdings to reduce debt
and restore coverage at times when it is not advantageous to do so. There is no assurance that a borrowing strategy
will be successful. Upon the expiration of the term of a fund’s existing credit arrangement, the lender may not
be willing to extend further credit to a fund or may only be willing to do so at an increased cost to a fund. If a fund is
not able to extend its credit arrangement, it may be required to liquidate holdings to repay amounts borrowed from the
lender. In addition, if a fund’s assets increase, there is no assurance that the lender will be willing to make additional loans
to a fund in order to allow it to borrow the amounts desired by a fund to facilitate redemptions.
Cash
Management Vehicles. A fund may have cash balances that have
not been invested in portfolio securities (Uninvested Cash).
Uninvested Cash may result from a variety of sources, including dividends or interest received from portfolio securities,
unsettled securities transactions, reserves held for investment strategy purposes, assets to cover a fund’s open
futures and other derivatives positions, scheduled maturity of investments, liquidation of investment securities to
meet anticipated redemptions and dividend payments, and new cash received from investors. Uninvested Cash may
be invested directly in money market instruments or other short-term debt obligations. A fund may use Uninvested Cash
to purchase shares of unaffiliated money market funds, or affiliated money market funds for which the Advisor or
an affiliate of the Advisor may serve as investment advisor now or in the future. Such money market funds will operate
in accordance with Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act and will seek to maintain a stable net asset value (NAV) or will
maintain a floating NAV. A fund indirectly bears its proportionate share of the expenses of each money market fund
in which it invests. The money market funds in which a fund may invest are registered under the 1940 Act or are
excluded from the definition of “investment
company”
under Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act. Investments in
such money market funds may exceed the limits of Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act.
Commercial
Paper. A fund may invest in commercial paper issued by major
corporations in reliance on the exemption from registration afforded
by Section 3(a)(3) of the 1933 Act. Such commercial paper may be issued only to finance current
transactions and must mature in nine months or less. Trading of such commercial paper is conducted primarily by
institutional investors through investment dealers, and individual investor participation in the commercial paper market
is very limited. A fund also may invest in commercial paper issued in reliance on the so-called “private
placement”
exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the
1933 Act (Section 4(a)(2) paper). Section 4(a)(2) paper is restricted
as to disposition under the federal securities laws, and generally is sold to institutional investors such as a
fund who agree that they are purchasing the paper for investment and not with a view to public distribution. Any resale
by the purchaser must be in an exempt transaction. Section 4(a)(2) paper normally is resold to other institutional investors
like a fund through or with the assistance of the issuer or investment dealers who make a market in Section 4(a)(2)
paper, thus providing liquidity.
Commodity
Pool Operator Exclusion. The Advisor currently intends to operate
the fund (unless otherwise noted) in compliance with the requirements
of Rule 4.5 of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). As a result, a
fund is not deemed to be a “commodity
pool”
under the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) and will be limited in its ability
to use futures and options on futures or commodities or engage in swap transactions for other than bona fide hedging
purposes. Provided a fund operates within the limits of Rule 4.5 of the CFTC, a fund will be excluded from registration
with and regulation under the CEA and the Advisor will not be deemed to be a “commodity
pool operator”
with respect to the operations of a fund. If a fund were no longer
able to claim the exclusion, the fund and the Advisor would be
subject to regulation under the CEA.
Credit
Enhancement. Mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities
are often backed by a pool of assets representing the obligations
of a number of different parties. To lessen the effect of failure by obligors on underlying assets
to make payments, such securities may contain elements of credit enhancement. Such credit enhancement falls
into two categories: (1) liquidity protection and (2) protection against losses resulting from ultimate default by an
obligor on the underlying assets. Liquidity protection refers to the provision of advances, generally by the entity administering
the pool of assets, to ensure that the pass-through of payments due on the underlying pool occurs in a
timely fashion. Protection against losses resulting from ultimate default enhances the likelihood of ultimate payment of
the obligations on at least a portion of the assets in the pool. Such protection may be provided through guarantees,
insurance
policies or letters of credit obtained by the issuer or sponsor from third parties; through various means of structuring
the transaction; or through a combination of such approaches. A fund may pay any additional fees for such credit
enhancement, although the existence of credit enhancement may increase the price of a security.
The
ratings of mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities for which third-party credit enhancement provides liquidity
protection or protection against losses from default are generally dependent upon the continued creditworthiness of
the provider of the credit enhancement. The ratings of such securities could be subject to reduction in the event of
deterioration in the creditworthiness of the credit enhancement provider even in cases where the delinquency and loss
experience on the underlying pool of assets is better than expected.
Examples
of credit enhancement arising out of the structure of the transaction include “senior-subordinated
securities”
(multiple class securities with one or more classes subordinate
to other classes as to the payment of principal thereof and interest
thereon, with the result that defaults on the underlying assets are borne first by the holders of the subordinated class),
creation of “reserve
funds”
(where cash or investments, sometimes funded from a portion of the payments on
the underlying assets, are held in reserve against future losses) and “over-collateralization”
(where the scheduled payments on, or the principal amount of,
the underlying assets exceed those required to make payment of the securities and
pay any servicing or other fees). The degree of credit enhancement provided for each issue is generally based on
historical information with respect to the level of credit risk associated with the underlying assets. Delinquency or
loss in excess of that which is anticipated could adversely affect the return on an investment in such a security.
Certain
of a fund’s other investments may be credit-enhanced by a guaranty, letter of credit, or insurance from a third party.
Any bankruptcy, receivership, default, or change in the credit quality of the third party providing the credit enhancement may
adversely affect the quality and marketability of the underlying security and could cause losses to a fund and affect
a fund’s share price.
Environmental,
Social and Governance (ESG) Considerations. Although a fund does
not seek to implement a specific ESG strategy unless disclosed
in its Prospectus, portfolio management may consider ESG factors as part of the
investment process for actively managed funds. ESG factors are considered together with more traditional subjects of
investment analysis such as market position, growth prospects, and business strategy, as part of a fund’s overall fundamental
research process. When evaluating ESG factors, portfolio management may rely on data obtained from a
variety of sources, including company annual reports and sustainability reports, as well as other publicly available information.
For most asset classes and market segments, portfolio management also has access to ESG research and
ratings, including research provided by internal DWS analysts which consider ESG risks and opportunities, as well as
access to ratings and additional information from DWS’s proprietary ESG tool. For funds that do not seek to implement a
specific ESG strategy, portfolio management may consider those ESG factors it deems financially material when making
investment decisions, and the materiality of ESG considerations in a fund’s process will differ from strategy to
strategy, from sector to sector, and from portfolio manager to portfolio manager, and, in some cases, ESG considerations may
not represent a material component of a fund’s investment process. Certain funds (“ESG-dedicated
funds”)
incorporate specific ESG considerations into their investment
objectives, strategies, and/or processes, as described in a fund’s Prospectus.
Because investors can differ in their views of what constitutes positive or negative ESG characteristics, a
fund may invest in issuers that do not reflect the beliefs and values with respect to ESG of any particular investor. ESG
considerations may affect a fund’s exposure to certain companies or industries, and an ESG-dedicated fund may forego
certain investment opportunities. While portfolio management views ESG considerations as having the potential to
contribute to a fund’s long-term performance, there is no guarantee that such results will be achieved.
As
portfolio management weighs the ESG attributes of a potential investment, they may use the DWS proprietary ESG
tool. The DWS proprietary ESG tool uses multiple external data providers and public data sources, and provides automated
analysis of multiple ESG factors or issues, including a number of proprietary DWS ESG ratings. The DWS proprietary
ESG tool covers most listed asset classes but there is limited information on high yield, municipal bonds, emerging
markets, and IPOs due to incomplete vendor coverage. Through the ESG tool, portfolio management may also
access issuer-specific contextual analysis that provides additional information about an issuer’s ESG risks and opportunities,
risk mitigation actions or plans and other characteristics. An additional DWS internal review process allows
for changes to an ESG rating. An internal review may occur, for example, if it is deemed that information is not reflected
in the existing ESG rating because new information or insights have emerged that the ESG data providers
have
not yet processed. Additional examples of information that may be considered in such internal assessments include,
but are not limited to, the announcement of new (or withdrawal from previously announced) climate-related commitments,
or the resolution of legacy (or involvement in new) controversies. Portfolio management may use their discretion
in considering application of internal assessments on a given rating.
Eurodollar
Obligations. Eurodollar bank obligations are US dollar-denominated
certificates of deposit and time deposits issued outside the
US capital markets by foreign branches of US banks and US branches of foreign banks. Eurodollar obligations
are subject to the same risks that pertain to domestic issues, notably credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk.
Additionally, Eurodollar obligations are subject to certain sovereign risks. One such risk is the possibility that a sovereign
country might prevent capital, in the form of dollars, from flowing across its borders. Other risks include: adverse
political and economic developments; the extent and quality of government regulation of financial markets and
institutions; the imposition of foreign withholding taxes, and the expropriation or nationalization of foreign issues.
Fixed
Income Securities. Fixed income securities, including corporate
debt obligations, generally expose a fund to the following types
of risk: (1) interest rate risk (the potential for fluctuations in bond prices due to changing interest rates);
(2) income risk (the potential for a decline in a fund’s income due to falling market interest rates); (3) credit risk (the
possibility that a bond issuer will fail to make timely payments of either interest or principal to a fund); (4) prepayment risk
or call risk (the likelihood that, during periods of falling interest rates, securities with high stated interest rates will
be prepaid, or “called”
prior to maturity, requiring a fund to invest the proceeds at generally lower interest rates); and
(5) extension risk (the likelihood that as interest rates increase, slower than expected principal payments may extend
the average life of fixed income securities, which will have the effect of locking in a below-market interest rate,
increasing the security’s duration and reducing the value of the security).
In
periods of declining interest rates, the yield (income from a fixed income security held by a fund over a stated period
of time) of a fixed income security may tend to be higher than prevailing market rates, and in periods of rising interest
rates, the yield of a fixed income security may tend to be lower than prevailing market rates. In addition, when interest
rates are falling, the inflow of net new money to a fund will likely be invested in portfolio instruments producing lower
yields than the balance of a fund’s portfolio, thereby reducing the yield of a fund. In periods of rising interest rates,
the opposite can be true. The net asset value of a fund can generally be expected to change as general levels of
interest rates fluctuate. The value of fixed income securities in a fund’s portfolio generally varies inversely with changes
in interest rates. Prices of fixed income securities with longer effective maturities are more sensitive to interest rate
changes than those with shorter effective maturities.
Corporate
debt obligations generally offer less current yield than securities of lower quality, but lower-quality securities generally
have less liquidity, greater credit and market risk, and as a result, more price volatility.
In
a low or negative interest rate environment, debt instruments may trade at negative yields, which means the purchaser of
the instrument may receive at maturity less than the total amount invested. In addition, in a negative interest rate environment,
if a bank charges negative interest, instead of receiving interest on deposits, a depositor must pay the bank
fees to keep money with the bank. To the extent a fund holds a negatively-yielding debt instrument or has a bank
deposit with a negative interest rate, the fund would generate a negative return on that investment.
In
response to market volatility and economic uncertainty in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, the US government and
certain foreign central banks took steps to stabilize markets by, among other things, reducing interest rates, including pursuing
negative interest rate policies in some instances. More recently, in response to signs of inflationary price movements,
the US government and certain foreign central banks have begun increasing interest rates. Although interest
rates in the US remain at low levels, they have been rising and are expected to continue to increase in the near
future. A rising interest rate environment may cause investors to move out of fixed-income and related securities on
a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of such securities and could also result in increased redemptions
from a fund. Recent inflationary price movements may cause fixed-income securities and related markets to
experience heightened levels of interest rate volatility and liquidity risk. A sharp rise in interest rates could cause a
fund’s share price to decline.
These
considerations may limit a fund’s ability to locate fixed-income instruments containing the desired risk/return profile.
Changing interest rates could have unpredictable effects on the markets, may expose fixed-income and related markets
to heightened volatility and potential illiquidity, and may increase interest rate risk for a fund.
Foreign
Investment. Foreign securities are normally denominated and traded
in foreign currencies. As a result, the value of a fund’s
foreign investments and the value of its shares may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in
currency exchange rates relative to the US dollar. There may be less information publicly available about a foreign issuer
than about a US issuer, and foreign issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards
and practices comparable to those in the US. The securities of some foreign issuers are less liquid and at times
more volatile than securities of comparable US issuers. Foreign brokerage commissions and other fees are also
generally higher than in the US. Foreign settlement procedures and trade regulations may involve certain risks (such
as delay in payment or delivery of securities or in the recovery of a fund’s assets held abroad) and expenses not
present in the settlement of investments in US markets. Payment for securities without delivery may be required in
certain foreign markets.
In
addition, foreign securities may be subject to the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets, imposition of currency
exchange controls or restrictions on the repatriation of foreign currency, confiscatory taxation, political or financial
instability and diplomatic developments which could affect the value of a fund’s investments in certain foreign countries.
Governments of many countries have exercised and continue to exercise substantial influence over many aspects
of the private sector through the ownership or control of many companies, including some of the largest in these
countries. As a result, government actions in the future could have a significant effect on economic conditions which
may adversely affect prices of certain portfolio securities. There is also generally less government supervision and
regulation of stock exchanges, brokers, and listed companies than in the US. Dividends or interest on, or proceeds from
the sale of, foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, and special US tax considerations may
apply (see Taxes). Moreover, foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the US economy in such respects
as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of
payments position.
The
foreign countries in which a fund invests may become subject to economic and trade sanctions or embargoes imposed
by the US or foreign governments or the United Nations. Such sanctions or other actions could result in the devaluation
of a country’s currency or a decline in the value and liquidity of securities of issuers in that country. In addition,
such sanctions could result in a freeze on an issuer’s securities which would prevent a fund from selling securities
it holds. The value of the securities issued by companies that operate in, or have dealings with these countries may
be negatively impacted by any such sanction or embargo and may reduce a fund’s returns. The risks related to sanctions
or embargoes are greater in emerging and frontier market countries.
Legal
remedies available to investors in certain foreign countries may be more limited than those available with respect to
investments in the US or in other foreign countries. The laws of some foreign countries may limit a fund’s ability to
invest in securities of certain issuers organized under the laws of those foreign countries.
Many
foreign countries are heavily dependent upon exports, particularly to developed countries, and, accordingly, have
been and may continue to be adversely affected by trade barriers, managed adjustments in relative currency values,
and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the US and other countries with which they trade. These
economies also have been and may continue to be negatively impacted by economic conditions in the US and other
trading partners, which can lower the demand for goods produced in those countries.
China
investment. Investments in the Greater China region are subject
to special risks, such as less developed or less efficient trading
markets, restrictions on monetary repatriation and possible seizure, nationalization or expropriation of
assets. Investments in Taiwan may be adversely affected by its political and economic relationship with the People’s Republic
of China (“China”
or the “PRC”).
In addition, the willingness of the Chinese government to support the Chinese
and Hong Kong economies and markets is uncertain and changes in government policy could significantly affect
the markets in both Hong Kong and China.
Increasing
trade tensions between China and its trading partners, including the United States, have resulted in tariffs and
other limitations, and may in the future result in additional measures or actions that could have an adverse effect on
an investment in the Greater China region.
Investments
in equity securities of companies based in the PRC and listed and traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and
Shenzhen Stock Exchange (“A-Shares”)
may be made through the Shanghai – Hong Kong and Shenzhen – Hong Kong
Stock Connect programs (“Stock
Connect”).
Stock Connect is a securities trading and clearing program between either
the Shanghai Stock Exchange or Shenzhen Stock Exchange and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (“SEHK”),
China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Limited and Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited.
Stock Connect is designed to permit mutual stock market access between mainland China and Hong Kong by
allowing investors to trade and settle shares on each market via their local exchanges. Trading through Stock Connect is
subject to a daily quota (“Daily
Quota”),
which limits the maximum daily net purchases on any particular day by Hong
Kong investors (and foreign investors trading through Hong Kong) trading PRC listed securities and PRC investors trading
Hong Kong listed securities trading through the relevant Stock Connect. Accordingly, a fund’s direct investments in
A-Shares may be limited by the Daily Quota that limits total purchases through Stock Connect. The Daily Quota may
restrict a fund’s ability to invest in A-Shares through Stock Connect on a timely basis, which could affect the fund’s
performance.
Stock
Connect is generally available only on business days when both the mainland Chinese and the Hong Kong markets are
open and when banks in both markets are open on the corresponding settlement days. Therefore, due to differences in
trading days, a fund may not be able to trade its A-Shares and may also be subject to the risk of price fluctuations in
A-Shares on days when Stock Connect is not trading. The mainland Chinese and Hong Kong regulators have announced in
August 2022 to enhance the trading calendar for Stock Connect, to allow Stock Connect trading on all the days which
are trading days in both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong markets, even when the corresponding settlement days
would be public holidays. However, as of the date of this SAI, such enhancements have not been implemented and
detailed operational rules are yet to be issued. As such, it is uncertain how such enhanced trading calendar will be
operated.
Investments
made through Stock Connect are subject to trading, clearance and settlement procedures that are untested in
the PRC, which could pose risks to a fund. Because of the way in which A-Shares are held in Stock Connect, the precise
nature and rights of a fund are not well defined under the law of the PRC and a fund may not be able to exercise
the rights of a shareholder and may be limited in their ability to pursue claims against the issuers of a security. Eligible
securities invested through Stock Connect generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other
than through Stock Connect in accordance with applicable rules. The list of securities eligible to be traded through Stock
Connect may change from time to time. When a security is recalled from the list of securities eligible for trading on
Stock Connect, a fund may only sell, but not buy, the securities, which could adversely affect the fund’s investment strategy.
Current tax regulations in PRC, including a temporary exemption from PRC income tax and PRC business tax
for capital gains realized from trading on Stock Connect, are subject to change. Any such change could have an adverse
effect on a fund’s returns.
European
investment. European financial markets have recently experienced
volatility and have been adversely affected by concerns about
economic downturns, credit rating downgrades, rising government debt level and possible default on
or restructuring of government debt in several European countries. Most countries in Western Europe are members of
the European Union (EU), which faces major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies. European
countries that are members of the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union ((EMU), comprised of
the EU members that have adopted the Euro currency) are subject to restrictions on inflation rates, interest rates, deficits,
and debt levels, as well as fiscal and monetary controls. European countries are significantly affected by fiscal and
monetary controls implemented by the EMU, and it is possible that the timing and substance of these controls may
not address the needs of all EMU member countries. In addition, the fiscal policies of a single member state can
impact and pose economic risks to the EU as a whole. Investing in Euro-denominated securities also risks exposure to
a currency that may not fully reflect the strengths and weaknesses of the disparate economies that comprise Europe. There
is continued concern over member state-level support for the Euro, which could lead to certain countries leaving the
EMU, the implementation of currency controls, or potentially the dissolution of the Euro. The dissolution of the Euro
would have significant negative effects on European financial markets.
In
a referendum held on June 23, 2016, citizens of the United Kingdom voted to leave the EU, creating economic, political
and legal uncertainty. Consequently, the United Kingdom government, pursuant to the Treaty of Lisbon (the Treaty),
gave notice of its withdrawal in March 2017 and began negotiations with the EU Council to agree to terms for
the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU. The Treaty provided for an initial two-year negotiation period, which was
extended by agreement of the parties. On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the EU
pursuant to a withdrawal agreement, providing for a transition period in which the United Kingdom negotiated and
finalized a trade deal with the EU, the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (the Trade Agreement). As a result, as
of January 1, 2021 the United Kingdom is no longer part of the EU customs union and single market, nor is it subject
to EU policies and international agreements. The Trade Agreement, among other things, provides for zero tariffs
and zero quotas on all goods that comply with appropriate rules of origin and establishes the treatment and level
of access the United Kingdom and EU have agreed to grant each other’s service suppliers and investors. The Trade
Agreement also covers digital trade, intellectual property, public procurement, aviation and road transport, energy, fisheries,
social security coordination, law enforcement and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, thematic cooperation and
participation in EU programs. Even with the Trade Agreement in place, the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the
EU may create new barriers to trade in goods and services and to cross-border mobility and exchanges.
The
United Kingdom has one of the largest economies in Europe, and member countries of the EU are substantial trading
partners of the United Kingdom. The City of London’s economy is dominated by financial services and uncertainty remains
regarding the treatment of cross-border trade in financial services. While the Trade Agreement includes certain provisions
to support cross-border trade in financial services, it is not comprehensively addressed in the Trade Agreement and
the parties continue to discuss ‘equivalence’ rights to allow market access for cross-border financial services. In March
2021, the EU and the United Kingdom reached a memorandum of understanding, establishing a framework for
voluntary regulatory cooperation on financial services. Without access to the EU single market, certain financial services
in the United Kingdom may move outside of the United Kingdom as a result of its withdrawal from the EU. In
addition, financial services firms in the United Kingdom may need to move staff and comply with two separate sets
of rules or lose business to financial services firms in the EU. Furthermore, the withdrawal from the EU creates the
potential for decreased trade, the possibility of capital outflows, devaluation of the pound sterling, the cost of higher
corporate bond spreads due to continued uncertainty, and the risk that all the above could damage business and
consumer spending as well as foreign direct investment. As a result of the withdrawal from the EU, the British economy
and its currency may be negatively impacted by changes to its economic and political relations with the EU. Additional
member countries seeking to withdraw from the EU would likely cause additional market disruption globally and
introduce new legal and regulatory uncertainties.
The
long-term impact of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU is still unknown and could have adverse economic and
political effects on the United Kingdom, the EU and its member countries, and the global economy, including financial
markets and asset valuations.
Additionally,
the manner in which the EU responded to the global recession and sovereign debt issues raised questions about
its ability to react quickly to rising borrowing costs and a potential default by Greece and other countries on their
sovereign debt and also revealed a lack of cohesion in dealing with the fiscal problems of member states. Many European
countries continue to suffer from high unemployment rates. Since 2010, several countries, including Greece, Italy,
Spain, Ireland and Portugal, agreed to at least one series of multi-year bailout loans from the European Central Bank,
International Monetary Fund, and other institutions. To address budget deficits and public debt concerns, a number
of European countries have imposed strict austerity measures and comprehensive financial and labor market reforms.
In addition, social unrest, including protests against the austerity measures and domestic terrorism, could decrease
tourism, lower consumer confidence, and otherwise impede financial recovery in Europe.
Emerging
markets. In general, the Advisor considers “emerging
markets”
to include any country that is defined as an emerging market
or developing economy by The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the World Bank),
the International Finance Corporation or the United Nations or its authorities. The risks described above, including the
risks of nationalization or expropriation of assets, typically are increased in connection with investments in “emerging
markets.”
For example, political and economic structures in these countries may be in their infancy and developing rapidly,
and such countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries
(including
amplified risk of war and terrorism). Certain of these countries have in the past failed to recognize private property
rights and have at times nationalized and expropriated the assets of private companies. Investments in emerging markets
may be considered speculative.
The
currencies of certain emerging market countries have experienced devaluations relative to the US dollar, and future
devaluations may adversely affect the value of assets denominated in such currencies. In addition, currency hedging
techniques may be unavailable in certain emerging market countries. Many emerging market countries have experienced
substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation or deflation for many years, and future inflation
may adversely affect the economies and securities markets of such countries.
In
addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in emerging markets and
the availability of additional investments in these markets. Any change in the leadership or politics of emerging market
countries, or the countries that exercise a significant influence over those countries, may halt the expansion of
or reverse the liberalization of foreign investment policies now occurring and adversely affect existing investment opportunities.
The small size, limited trading volume and relative inexperience of the securities markets in these countries may
make investments in securities traded in emerging markets illiquid and more volatile than investments in securities traded
in more developed countries. For example, limited market size may cause prices to be unduly influenced by traders
who control large positions. In addition, a fund may be required to establish special custodial or other arrangements before
making investments in securities traded in emerging markets. There may be little financial or accounting information available
with respect to issuers of emerging market securities, and it may be difficult as a result to assess the value of
prospects of an investment in such securities. Investors in emerging markets companies may face limited avenues for
recourse due to limited corporate governance standards and difficulty in pursuing legal actions such as fraud claims.
The
risk also exists that an emergency situation may arise in one or more emerging markets as a result of which trading
of securities may cease or may be substantially curtailed and prices for a fund’s securities in such markets may
not be readily available. A fund may suspend redemption of its shares for any period during which an emergency exists.
Frontier
market countries. Frontier market countries generally have smaller
economies and less developed capital markets than traditional
emerging or developing markets, and, as a result, the risks of investing in emerging or developing market
countries are magnified in frontier market countries. The economies of frontier market countries are less correlated to
global economic cycles than those of their more developed counterparts and their markets have low trading volumes and
the potential for extreme price volatility and illiquidity. This volatility may be further heightened by the actions of a
few major investors. For example, a substantial increase or decrease in cash flows of mutual funds investing in these
markets could significantly affect local stock prices and, therefore, the price of fund shares. These factors make investing
in frontier market countries significantly riskier than in other countries and any one of them could cause the price
of a fund’s shares to decline.
Governments
of many frontier market countries in which a fund may invest may exercise substantial influence over many
aspects of the private sector. In some cases, the governments of such frontier market countries may own or control
certain companies. Accordingly, government actions could have a significant effect on economic conditions in
a frontier market country and on market conditions, prices and yields of securities in a fund’s portfolio. Moreover, the
economies of frontier market countries may be heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been
and may continue to be, adversely affected by trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency
values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade. These
economies also have been and may continue to be adversely affected by economic conditions in the countries with
which they trade.
Investment
in equity securities of issuers operating in certain frontier market countries may be restricted or controlled to
varying degrees. These restrictions or controls may at times limit or preclude foreign investment in equity securities of
issuers operating in certain frontier market countries and increase the costs and expenses of a fund. Certain frontier market
countries require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign persons, limit the amount of investment by
foreign persons in a particular issuer, limit the investment by foreign persons only to a specific class of securities
of
an issuer that may have less advantageous rights than the classes available for purchase by domiciliaries of the countries
and/or impose additional taxes on foreign investors. Certain frontier market countries may also restrict investment opportunities
in issuers in industries deemed important to national interests.
Frontier
market countries may require governmental approval for the repatriation of investment income, capital or the proceeds
of sales of securities by foreign investors, such as a fund. In addition, if deterioration occurs in a frontier market
country’s balance of payments, the country could impose temporary restrictions on foreign capital remittances. A
fund could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, any required governmental approval for repatriation of
capital, as well as by the application to a fund of any restrictions on investments. Investing in local markets in frontier
market countries may require a fund to adopt special procedures, seek local government approvals or take other
actions, each of which may involve additional costs to a fund.
There
may be no centralized securities exchange on which securities are traded in frontier market countries. Also, securities
laws in many frontier market countries are relatively new and unsettled. Therefore, laws regarding foreign investment
in frontier market securities, securities regulation, title to securities, and shareholder rights may change quickly
and unpredictably.
Banks
in frontier market countries used to hold a fund’s securities and other assets in that country may lack the same operating
experience as banks in developed markets. In addition, in certain countries there may be legal restrictions or
limitations on the ability of a fund to recover assets held by a foreign bank in the event of the bankruptcy of the bank.
Settlement systems in frontier markets may be less well organized than in the developed markets. As a result, there
is greater risk than in developed countries that settlements will take longer and that cash or securities of a fund may
be in jeopardy because of failures of or defects in the settlement systems.
Certain
of the foregoing risks may also apply to some extent to securities of US issuers that are denominated in foreign
currencies or that are traded in foreign markets, or securities of US issuers having significant foreign operations.
Supranational
Entities. Supranational entities are international organizations
designated or supported by governmental entities to promote economic
reconstruction or development and international banking institutions and related government agencies.
Examples include the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the World Bank), The Asian Development
Bank and the InterAmerican Development Bank. Obligations of supranational entities are backed by the
guarantee of one or more foreign governmental parties which sponsor the entity.
Funding
Agreements. Funding agreements are contracts issued by insurance
companies that provide investors the right to receive a variable
rate of interest and the full return of principal at maturity. Funding agreements also include a
put option that allows a fund to terminate the agreement at a specified time prior to maturity. Funding agreements generally
offer a higher yield than other variable securities with similar credit ratings. The primary risk of a funding agreement
is the credit quality of the insurance company that issues it.
Illiquid
Securities. For funds other than money market funds, illiquid
securities are investments that a fund reasonably expects cannot
be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or
disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment, as determined pursuant to the fund’s liquidity risk
management program (LRM Program) adopted pursuant to Rule 22e-4 under the 1940 Act. Under a fund’s LRM Program,
the fund may not hold more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. The LRM Program administrator is
responsible for determining the liquidity classification of a fund’s investments and monitoring compliance with the 15%
limit on illiquid securities. For money market funds operated in accordance with Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act, limitations
on investment in illiquid securities include that a fund may not hold more than 5% of its total assets in illiquid
securities, defined as securities that cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven
calendar days at approximately the value ascribed to them by the fund. Money market funds are not subject to
the requirements of Rule 22e-4 under the 1940 Act and therefore are not subject to the LRM Program. Historically, illiquid
securities have included securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been
registered under the 1933 Act, securities which are otherwise not readily marketable and repurchase agreements having
a maturity of longer than seven days. Securities which have not been registered under the 1933 Act are referred to
as private placements or restricted securities and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the secondary market.
Non-publicly
traded securities (including Rule 144A Securities) may involve a high degree of business and financial risk
and may result in substantial losses. These securities may be less liquid than publicly traded securities, and it may
take longer to liquidate these positions than would be the case for publicly traded securities. Companies whose securities
are not publicly traded may not be subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements applicable
to companies whose securities are publicly traded. Certain securities may be deemed to be illiquid as a result
of the Advisor’s receipt from time to time of material, non-public information about an issuer, which may limit the
Advisor’s ability to trade such securities for the account of any of its clients, including a fund. In some instances, these
trading restrictions could continue in effect for a substantial period of time. Limitations on resale may have an adverse
effect on the marketability of portfolio securities and a mutual fund might be unable to dispose of illiquid securities
promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty satisfying redemptions within seven days.
An investment in illiquid securities is subject to the risk that should a fund desire to sell any of these securities when
a ready buyer is not available at a price that is deemed to be representative of their value, the value of a fund’s net
assets could be adversely affected.
Mutual
funds do not typically hold a significant amount of illiquid securities because of the potential for delays on resale
and uncertainty in valuation. A mutual fund might also have to register such illiquid securities in order to dispose of
them, resulting in additional expense and delay. A fund selling its securities in a registered offering may be deemed to
be an “underwriter”
for purposes of Section 11 of the 1933 Act. In such event, a fund may be liable to purchasers of
the securities under Section 11 if the registration statement prepared by the issuer, or the prospectus forming a part
of it, is materially inaccurate or misleading, although a fund may have a due diligence defense. Adverse market conditions
could impede such a public offering of securities.
A
large institutional market has developed for certain securities that are not registered under the 1933 Act, including repurchase
agreements, commercial paper, non-US securities, municipal securities and corporate bonds and notes. Institutional
investors depend on an efficient institutional market in which the unregistered security can be readily resold
or on an issuer’s ability to honor a demand for repayment. The fact that there are contractual or legal restrictions on
resale of such investments to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of their liquidity.
Impact
of Large Redemptions and Purchases of Fund Shares. From time
to time, shareholders of a fund (which may include affiliated
and/or non-affiliated registered investment companies that invest in a fund) may make relatively large
redemptions or purchases of fund shares. These transactions may cause a fund to have to sell securities or invest
additional cash, as the case may be. While it is impossible to predict the overall impact of these transactions over
time, there could be adverse effects on a fund’s performance to the extent that a fund may be required to sell securities
or invest cash at times when it would not otherwise do so. These transactions could also accelerate the realization
of taxable income if sales of securities resulted in capital gains or other income and could also increase transaction
costs, which may impact a fund’s expense ratio and adversely affect a fund’s performance.
Interfund
Borrowing and Lending Program. The DWS funds have received exemptive
relief from the SEC, which permits the funds to participate in
an interfund lending program. The interfund lending program allows the participating funds
to borrow money from and loan money to each other for temporary or emergency purposes. The program is subject
to a number of conditions designed to ensure fair and equitable treatment of all participating funds, including the
following: (1) no fund may borrow money through the program unless it receives a more favorable interest rate than
a rate approximating the lowest interest rate at which bank loans would be available to any of the participating funds
under a loan agreement; and (2) no fund may lend money through the program unless it receives a more favorable return
than that available from an investment in repurchase agreements and, to the extent applicable, money market cash
sweep arrangements. In addition, a fund may participate in the program only if and to the extent that such participation is
consistent with a fund’s investment objectives and policies (for instance, money market funds would normally participate only
as lenders and tax exempt funds only as borrowers). Interfund loans and borrowings have a maximum duration of
seven days. Loans may be called on one day’s notice. A fund may have to borrow from a bank at a higher interest rate
if an interfund loan is called or not renewed. Any delay in repayment to a lending fund could result in a lost investment opportunity
or additional costs. The program is subject to the oversight and periodic review of the Board.
Mortgage-Backed
Securities. Mortgage-backed securities represent direct or indirect
participations in or obligations collateralized by and payable
from mortgage loans secured by real property, which may include subprime mortgages. A
fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by (i) US Government agencies or instrumentalities such
as the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) (also known as Ginnie Mae), the Federal National Mortgage
Association (FNMA) (also known as Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC) (also
known as Freddie Mac) or (ii) other issuers, including private companies.
GNMA
is a government-owned corporation that is an agency of the US Department of Housing and Urban Development. It
guarantees, with the full faith and credit of the United States, full and timely payment of all monthly principal and interest
on its mortgage-backed securities. Until recently, FNMA and FHLMC were government-sponsored corporations owned
entirely by private stockholders. Both issue mortgage-related securities that contain guarantees as to timely payment
of interest and principal but that are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. The value of
the companies’ securities fell sharply in 2008 due to concerns that the firms did not have sufficient capital to offset losses.
In mid-2008, the US Treasury was authorized to increase the size of home loans that FNMA and FHLMC could purchase
in certain residential areas and, until 2009, to lend FNMA and FHLMC emergency funds and to purchase the
companies’ stock. In September 2008, the US Treasury announced that FNMA and FHLMC had been placed in conservatorship
by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), a newly created independent regulator created under the
Federal Housing Finance Regulatory Reform Act of 2008 (Reform Act). In addition to placing the companies in conservatorship,
the US Treasury announced three additional steps that it intended to take with respect to FNMA and
FHLMC. First, the US Treasury has entered into senior preferred stock purchase agreements (“SPSPAs”)
under which, if the FHFA determines that FNMA’s or FHLMC’s
liabilities have exceeded its assets under generally accepted accounting
principles, the US Treasury will contribute cash capital to the company in an amount equal to the difference between
liabilities and assets. The SPSPAs are designed to provide protection to the senior and subordinated debt and
the mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC. Second, the US Treasury established a new secured lending
credit facility that is available to FNMA and FHLMC, which terminated on December 31, 2009. Third, the US Treasury
initiated a temporary program to purchase FNMA and FHLMC mortgage-backed securities, which terminated on
December 31, 2009. No assurance can be given that the US Treasury initiatives discussed above with respect to the
debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC will be successful, or, with respect to initiatives that
have expired, that the US Treasury would undertake similar initiatives in the future.
FHFA,
as conservator or receiver for FNMA and FHLMC, has the power to repudiate any contract entered into by FNMA
or FHLMC prior to FHFA’s appointment as conservator or receiver, as applicable, if FHFA determines, in its sole
discretion, that performance of the contract is burdensome and that repudiation of the contract promotes the orderly
administration of FNMA’s or FHLMC’s affairs. The Reform Act requires FHFA to exercise its right to repudiate any
contract within a reasonable period of time after its appointment as conservator or receiver. FHFA, in its capacity as
conservator, has indicated that it has no intention to repudiate the guaranty obligations of FNMA or FHLMC because FHFA
views repudiation as incompatible with the goals of the conservatorship. However, in the event that FHFA, as conservator
or if it is later appointed as receiver for FNMA or FHLMC, were to repudiate any such guaranty obligation, the
conservatorship or receivership estate, as applicable, would be liable for actual direct compensatory damages in accordance
with the provisions of the Reform Act. Any such liability could be satisfied only to the extent of FNMA’s or
FHLMC’s assets available therefor.
In
the event of repudiation, the payments of interest to holders of FNMA or FHLMC mortgage-backed securities would be
reduced if payments on the mortgage loans represented in the mortgage loan groups related to such mortgage-backed securities
are not made by the borrowers or advanced by the servicer. Any actual direct compensatory damages for repudiating
these guaranty obligations may not be sufficient to offset any shortfalls experienced by such mortgage-backed security
holders. Further, in its capacity as conservator or receiver, FHFA has the right to transfer or sell any asset or liability
of FNMA or FHLMC without any approval, assignment or consent. Although FHFA has stated that it has no present
intention to do so, if FHFA, as conservator or receiver, were to transfer any such guaranty obligation to another party,
holders of FNMA or FHLMC mortgage-backed securities would have to rely on that party for satisfaction of the guaranty
obligation and would be exposed to the credit risk of that party.
In
addition, certain rights provided to holders of mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC under the operative
documents related to such securities may not be enforced against FHFA, or enforcement of such rights may
be delayed, during the conservatorship or any future receivership. The operative documents for FNMA and FHLMC mortgage-backed
securities may provide (or with respect to securities issued prior to the date of the appointment of the
conservator may have provided) that upon the occurrence of an event of default on the part of FNMA or FHLMC, in
its capacity as guarantor, which includes the appointment of a conservator or receiver, holders of such mortgage-backed securities
have the right to replace FNMA or FHLMC as trustee if the requisite percentage of mortgage-backed securities holders
consent. The Reform Act prevents mortgage-backed security holders from enforcing such rights if the event of
default arises solely because a conservator or receiver has been appointed. The Reform Act also provides that no person
may exercise any right or power to terminate, accelerate or declare an event of default under certain contracts to
which FNMA or FHLMC is a party, or obtain possession of or exercise control over any property of FNMA or FHLMC, or
affect any contractual rights of FNMA or FHLMC, without the approval of FHFA, as conservator or receiver, for a period
of forty-five (45) or ninety (90) days following the appointment of FHFA as conservator or receiver, respectively.
On
June 3, 2019, under the Federal Housing Finance Agency’s “Single
Security Initiative”
intended to maximize liquidity for both Fannie Mae and Freddie
Mac mortgage-backed securities in the TBA security market, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac
expect to start issuing uniform mortgage-backed securities (“UMBS”)
in place of their current separate offerings of TBA-eligible
mortgage-backed securities. The issuance of UMBS may not achieve the intended results and may have
unanticipated or adverse effects on the market for mortgage-backed securities.
The
market value and yield of these mortgage-backed securities can vary due to market interest rate fluctuations and early
prepayments of underlying mortgages. These securities represent ownership in a pool of federally insured mortgage loans
with a maximum maturity of 30 years. A decline in interest rates may lead to a faster rate of repayment of the underlying
mortgages, and may expose a fund to a lower rate of return upon reinvestment. To the extent that such mortgage-backed
securities are held by a fund, the prepayment right will tend to limit to some degree the increase in
net asset value of a fund because the value of the mortgage-backed securities held by a fund may not appreciate as
rapidly as the price of non-callable debt securities. Mortgage-backed securities are subject to the risk of prepayment and
the risk that the underlying loans will not be repaid. Because principal may be prepaid at any time, mortgage-backed securities
may involve significantly greater price and yield volatility than traditional debt securities. At times, a fund may
invest in securities that pay higher than market interest rates by paying a premium above the securities’ par value. Prepayments
of these securities may cause losses on securities purchased at a premium. Unscheduled payments, which
are made at par value, will cause a fund to experience a loss equal to any unamortized premium.
When
interest rates rise, mortgage prepayment rates tend to decline, thus lengthening the life of a mortgage-related security
and increasing the price volatility of that security, affecting the price volatility of a fund’s shares. The negative effect
of interest rate increases on the market-value of mortgage backed securities is usually more pronounced than it
is for other types of fixed-income securities potentially increasing the volatility of a fund.
Interests
in pools of mortgage-backed securities differ from other forms of debt securities, which normally provide for
periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts with principal payments at maturity or specified call dates. Instead, these
securities provide a monthly payment which consists of both interest and principal payments. In effect, these payments
are a “pass-through”
of the monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on their mortgage loans, net
of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities. Additional payments are caused by repayments of principal
resulting from the sale of the underlying property, refinancing or foreclosure, net of fees or costs which may be
incurred. Some mortgage-related securities (such as securities issued by GNMA) are described as “modified
pass-through.”
These securities entitle the holder to receive all interest and
principal payments owed on the mortgage pool, net of certain
fees, at the scheduled payment dates regardless of whether or not the mortgagor actually makes the payment.
Commercial
banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary
market issuers also create pass-through pools of conventional mortgage loans. Such issuers may, in addition, be
the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage-related securities.
Pools created by such non-governmental issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and
government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments. However,
timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or
guarantees,
including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit. The insurance and guarantees are
issued by governmental entities, private insurers and the mortgage poolers. Such insurance and guarantees and the
creditworthiness of the issuers thereof will be considered in determining whether a mortgage-related security meets
a fund’s investment quality standards. There can be no assurance that the private insurers or guarantors can meet
their obligations under the insurance policies or guarantee arrangements. A fund may buy mortgage-related securities
without insurance or guarantees. Although the market for such securities is becoming increasingly liquid, securities
issued by certain private organizations may not be readily marketable.
Due
to prepayments of the underlying mortgage instruments, mortgage-backed securities do not have a known actual maturity.
In the absence of a known maturity, market participants generally refer to an estimated average life. An average
life estimate is a function of an assumption regarding anticipated prepayment patterns. The assumption is based
upon current interest rates, current conditions in the relevant housing markets and other factors. The assumption is
necessarily subjective, and thus different market participants could produce somewhat different average life estimates with
regard to the same security. There can be no assurance that the average estimated life of portfolio securities will
be the actual average life of such securities.
Fannie
Mae Certificates. Fannie Mae is a federally chartered corporation
organized and existing under the Federal National Mortgage Association
Charter Act of 1938. The obligations of Fannie Mae are obligations solely of Fannie Mae
and are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.
Each
Fannie Mae Certificate will represent a pro rata interest in one or more pools of FHA Loans, VA Loans or conventional mortgage
loans (i.e., mortgage loans that are not insured or guaranteed by any governmental agency) of the following types:
(1) fixed-rate level payment mortgage loans; (2) fixed-rate growing equity mortgage loans; (3) fixed-rate graduated payment
mortgage loans; (4) variable rate mortgage loans; (5) other adjustable rate mortgage loans; and (6) fixed-rate and
adjustable mortgage loans secured by multifamily projects.
Freddie
Mac Certificates. Freddie Mac is a federally chartered corporation
of the United States created pursuant to the Emergency Home Finance
Act of 1970, as amended (FHLMC Act). The obligations of Freddie Mac are obligations solely
of Freddie Mac and are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.
Freddie
Mac Certificates represent a pro rata interest in a group of conventional mortgage loans (Freddie Mac Certificate group)
purchased by Freddie Mac. The mortgage loans underlying the Freddie Mac Certificates will consist of fixed-rate or
adjustable rate mortgage loans with original terms to maturity of between ten and thirty years, substantially all of which
are secured by first liens on one- to four-family residential properties or multifamily projects. Each mortgage loan
must meet the applicable standards set forth in the FHLMC Act. A Freddie Mac Certificate group may include whole
loans, participating interests in whole loans and undivided interests in whole loans and participations comprising another
Freddie Mac Certificate group.
Ginnie
Mae Certificates. The National Housing Act of 1934, as amended
(Housing Act), authorizes Ginnie Mae to guarantee the timely
payment of the principal of and interest on certificates that are based on and backed by a pool of mortgage loans
insured by the Federal Housing Administration under the Housing Act, or Title V of the Housing Act of 1949 (FHA
Loans), or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs under the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944, as
amended (VA Loans), or by pools of other eligible mortgage loans. The Housing Act provides that the full faith and credit
of the US government is pledged to the payment of all amounts that may be required to be paid under any Ginnie
Mae guaranty. In order to meet its obligations under such guaranty, Ginnie Mae is authorized to borrow from the
US Treasury with no limitations as to amount.
The
Ginnie Mae Certificates in which a fund invests will represent a pro rata interest in one or more pools of the following
types of mortgage loans: (1) fixed-rate level payment mortgage loans; (2) fixed-rate graduated payment mortgage loans;
(3) fixed-rate growing equity mortgage loans; (4) fixed-rate mortgage loans secured by manufactured (mobile) homes;
(5) mortgage loans on multifamily residential properties under construction; (6) mortgage loans on completed multifamily
projects; (7) fixed-rate mortgage loans as to which escrowed funds are used to reduce the borrower’s
monthly
payments during the early years of the mortgage loans (“buy
down”
mortgage loans); (8) mortgage loans that provide for adjustments
in payments based on periodic changes in interest rates or in other payment terms of the
mortgage loans; and (9) mortgage backed serial notes.
Multiple
Class Mortgage-Backed Securities. A fund may invest in multiple
class mortgage-backed securities including collateralized mortgage
obligations (CMOs) and real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMIC Certificates). These securities
may be issued by US government agencies and instrumentalities such as Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac or by
trusts formed by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage
bankers, commercial banks, insurance companies, investment banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the
foregoing. In general, CMOs are debt obligations of a legal entity that are collateralized by a pool of mortgage loans
or mortgage-backed securities the payments on which are used to make payments on the CMOs or multiple class
mortgage-backed securities. REMIC Certificates represent beneficial ownership interests in a REMIC trust, generally consisting
of mortgage loans or Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae guaranteed mortgage-backed securities. To the
extent that a CMO or REMIC Certificate is collateralized by Ginnie Mae guaranteed mortgage-backed securities, holders
of the CMO or REMIC Certificate receive all interest and principal payments owed on the mortgage pool, net of
certain fees, regardless of whether the mortgagor actually makes the payments, as a result of the GNMA guaranty, which
is backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. The obligations of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac under their
respective guaranty of the REMIC Certificates are obligations solely of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, respectively.
Fannie
Mae REMIC Certificates are issued and guaranteed as to timely distribution of principal and interest by Fannie Mae.
These certificates are obligations solely of Fannie Mae and are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.
In addition, Fannie Mae will be obligated to distribute the principal balance of each class of REMIC Certificates in
full, whether or not sufficient funds are otherwise available.
Freddie
Mac guarantees the timely payment of interest on Freddie Mac REMIC Certificates and also guarantees the payment
of principal as payments are required to be made on the underlying mortgage participation certificates (PCs). These
certificates are obligations solely of Freddie Mac and are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. PCs
represent undivided interests in specified level payment residential mortgages or participations therein purchased by
Freddie Mac and placed in a PC pool. With respect to principal payments on PCs, Freddie Mac generally guarantees ultimate
collection of all principal of the related mortgage loans without offset or deduction. Freddie Mac also guarantees timely
payment of principal of certain PCs.
CMOs
and REMIC Certificates are issued in multiple classes. Each class of CMOs or REMIC Certificates, often referred to
as a “tranche,”
is issued at a specific adjustable or fixed interest rate and must be fully retired no later than its final distribution
date. Principal prepayments on the underlying mortgage loans or the mortgage-backed securities underlying the
CMOs or REMIC Certificates may cause some or all of the classes of CMOs or REMIC Certificates to be retired substantially
earlier than their final distribution dates. Generally, interest is paid or accrues on all classes of CMOs or REMIC
Certificates on a monthly basis.
The
principal of and interest on the mortgage-backed securities may be allocated among the several tranches in various ways.
In certain structures (known as sequential pay CMOs or REMIC Certificates), payments of principal, including any
principal prepayments, on the mortgage-backed securities generally are applied to the classes of CMOs or REMIC Certificates
in the order of their respective final distribution dates. Thus, no payment of principal will be made on any class
of sequential pay CMOs or REMIC Certificates until all other classes having an earlier final distribution date have been
paid in full. Additional structures of CMOs and REMIC Certificates include, among others, “parallel
pay”
CMOs and REMIC Certificates. Parallel pay CMOs or REMIC Certificates
are those which are structured to apply principal payments and
prepayments of the mortgage-backed securities to two or more classes concurrently on a proportionate or
disproportionate basis. These simultaneous payments are taken into account in calculating the final distribution date
of each class.
A
wide variety of REMIC Certificates may be issued in parallel pay or sequential pay structures. These securities include accrual
certificates (Z Bonds), which only accrue interest at a specified rate until all other certificates having an earlier final
distribution date have been retired and are converted thereafter to an interest-paying security, and planned amortization class
(PAC) certificates, which are parallel pay REMIC Certificates that generally require that specified amounts of
principal
be applied on each payment date to one or more classes of REMIC Certificates (PAC Certificates), even though
all other principal payments and prepayments of the mortgage-backed securities are then required to be applied to
one or more other classes of the PAC Certificates. The scheduled principal payments for the PAC Certificates generally have
the highest priority on each payment date after interest due has been paid to all classes entitled to receive interest currently.
Shortfalls, if any, are added to the amount payable on the next payment date. The PAC Certificate payment schedule
is taken into account in calculating the final distribution date of each class of PAC. In order to create PAC tranches,
one or more tranches generally must be created that absorb most of the volatility in the underlying mortgage-backed securities.
These tranches tend to have market prices and yields that are much more volatile than other PAC classes.
The
prices of certain CMOs and REMIC Certificates, depending on their structure and the rate of prepayments, may be
volatile. Some CMOs may also not be as liquid as other securities. In addition, the value of a CMO or REMIC Certificate,
including those collateralized by mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by US government agencies or
instrumentalities, may be affected by other factors, such as the availability of information concerning the pool and its
structure, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the underlying assets, or the entities
providing credit enhancement. The value of these securities also can depend on the ability of their servicers to
service the underlying collateral and is, therefore, subject to risks associated with servicers' performance, including mishandling
of documentation. A fund is permitted to invest in other types of mortgage-backed securities that may be
available in the future to the extent consistent with its investment policies and objective.
Impact
of Sub-Prime Mortgage Market. A fund may invest in mortgage-backed,
asset-backed and other fixed-income securities whose value and
liquidity may be adversely affected by the critical downturn in the sub-prime mortgage lending
market in the US. Sub-prime loans, which have higher interest rates, are made to borrowers with low credit ratings
or other factors that increase the risk of default. Concerns about widespread defaults on sub-prime loans have also
created heightened volatility and turmoil in the general credit markets. As a result, a fund’s investments in certain fixed-income
securities may decline in value, their market value may be more difficult to determine, and a fund may have
more difficulty disposing of them.
Municipal
Securities. Municipal obligations are issued by or on behalf
of states, territories and possessions of the United States and
their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities and the District of Columbia to obtain funds
for various public purposes. The interest on these obligations is generally exempt from regular federal income tax
in the hands of most investors. The two principal classifications of municipal obligations are “notes”
and “bonds.”
Municipal notes and bonds have different maturities and a fund
may acquire “notes”
and “bonds”
with maturities that meets its particular investment policies
and restrictions set forth in its prospectus.
Municipal
notes are generally used to provide for short-term capital needs. Municipal notes include: Tax Anticipation Notes,
Revenue Anticipation Notes, Bond Anticipation Notes, and Construction Loan Notes. Tax Anticipation Notes are
sold to finance working capital needs of municipalities. They are generally payable from specific tax revenues expected
to be received at a future date, such as income, sales, property, use and business taxes. Revenue Anticipation Notes
are issued in expectation of receipt of other types of revenue, such as federal revenues available under federal revenue
sharing programs. Bond Anticipation Notes are sold to provide interim financing until long-term bond financing can
be arranged. In most cases, the long-term bonds provide the funds needed for the repayment of the notes. Construction Loan
Notes are sold to provide construction financing. After the projects are successfully completed and accepted, many
projects receive permanent financing through the Federal Housing Administration under Fannie Mae (Federal National
Mortgage Association) or Ginnie Mae (Government National Mortgage Association). These notes are secured by
mortgage notes insured by the Federal Housing Authority; however, the proceeds from the insurance may be less than
the economic equivalent of the payment of principal and interest on the mortgage note if there has been a default. The
obligations of an issuer of municipal notes are generally secured by the anticipated revenues from taxes, grants or
bond financing. An investment in such instruments, however, presents a risk that the anticipated revenues will not be
received or that such revenues will be insufficient to satisfy the issuer’s payment obligations under the notes or that
refinancing will be otherwise unavailable. There are, of course, a number of other types of notes issued for different purposes
and secured differently from those described above.
Municipal
bonds, which meet longer-term capital needs and generally have maturities of more than one year when issued,
have two principal classifications: “general
obligation”
bonds and “revenue”
bonds. Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties,
cities, towns and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund
a wide range of public projects including the construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, water and
sewer systems and a variety of other public purposes. The basic security behind general obligation bonds is the issuer’s
pledge of its full faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be
levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to rate, amount or special assessments.
The
principal security for a revenue bond is generally the net revenues derived from a particular facility or group of facilities
or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source. Revenue bonds have
been issued to fund a wide variety of capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges
and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; and hospitals. Although the principal security behind
these bonds varies widely, many provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund whose monies
may also be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer’s obligations. Housing finance authorities have
a wide range of security including partially or fully-insured, rent-subsidized or collateralized mortgages, and the net
revenues from housing or other public projects. In addition to a debt service reserve fund, some authorities provide further
security in the form of a state’s ability (without obligation) to make up deficiencies in the debt reserve fund. Lease
rental bonds issued by a state or local authority for capital projects are secured by annual lease rental payments from
the state or locality to the authority sufficient to cover debt service on the authority’s obligations.
Some
issues of municipal bonds are payable from United States Treasury bonds and notes or agency obligations held in
escrow by a trustee, frequently a commercial bank. The interest and principal on these US Government securities are
sufficient to pay all interest and principal requirements of the municipal securities when due. Some escrowed Treasury
securities are used to retire municipal bonds at their earliest call date, while others are used to retire municipal bonds
at their maturity.
Securities
purchased for a fund may include variable/floating rate instruments, variable mode instruments, put bonds, and
other obligations which have a specified maturity date but also are payable before maturity after notice by the holder
(demand obligations). Demand obligations are considered for a fund’s purposes to mature at the demand date.
In
addition, there are a variety of hybrid and special types of municipal obligations as well as numerous differences in
the security of municipal obligations both within and between the two principal classifications (i.e., notes and bonds) discussed
above.
An
entire issue of municipal securities may be purchased by one or a small number of institutional investors such as a
fund. Thus, such an issue may not be said to be publicly offered. Unlike the equity securities of operating companies or
mutual funds which must be registered under the 1933 Act prior to offer and sale unless an exemption from such registration
is available, municipal securities, whether publicly or privately offered, may nevertheless be readily marketable. A
secondary market exists for municipal securities which have been publicly offered as well as securities which have not
been publicly offered initially but which may nevertheless be readily marketable. Municipal securities purchased for
a fund are subject to the limitations on holdings of securities which are not readily marketable based on whether it
may be sold in a reasonable time consistent with the customs of the municipal markets (usually seven days) at a desirable
price (or interest rate). A fund believes that the quality standards applicable to its investments enhance marketability.
In addition, stand-by commitments, participation interests and demand obligations also enhance marketability.
The
municipal securities market can be susceptible to increases in volatility and decreases in liquidity. Liquidity can decline
unpredictably in response to overall economic conditions or credit tightening. Increases in volatility and decreases in
liquidity may be caused by a rise in interest rates (or the expectation of a rise in interest rates). Municipal bonds may
be more susceptible to downgrades or defaults during recessions or similar periods of economic stress, which in
turn could affect the market values and marketability of many or all municipal obligations of issuers in a state, territory, commonwealth
or possession. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly stressed the financial resources of
some municipal issuers, which may impair a municipal issuer’s ability to meet its financial obligations when due and
could adversely impact the value of its bonds, which could negatively impact the performance of a fund. Factors contributing
to the economic stress on municipalities may include the costs associated with combatting the COVID-19
pandemic,
lower sales tax revenue as a result of consumers cutting back spending, and lower income tax revenue as
a result of a higher unemployment rate. Since some municipal obligations may be secured or guaranteed by banks and
other institutions, the risk to a fund could increase if the banking or financial sector suffers an economic downturn and/or
if the credit ratings of the institutions issuing the guarantee are downgraded or at risk of being downgraded by
a national rating organization. If such events were to occur, the value of the security could decrease or the value could
be lost entirely, and it may be difficult or impossible for a fund to sell the security at the time and the price that normally
prevails in the market. In light of the uncertainty surrounding the magnitude, duration, reach, costs and effects of
the pandemic, as well as actions that have been or could be taken by governmental authorities or other third parties, it
is difficult to predict the level of financial stress and duration of such stress states and municipalities may experience.
In
addition to being downgraded, provisions of the federal bankruptcy statutes relating to the adjustment of debts of political
subdivisions and authorities of states of the US provide that, in certain circumstances, such subdivisions or authorities
may be authorized to initiate bankruptcy proceedings without prior notice to or consent of creditors, which proceedings
could result in material and adverse modification or alteration of the rights of holders of obligations issued by
such subdivisions or authorities. The reorganization of such subdivisions’ or authorities’ debts may include extending debt
maturities, reducing the amount of principal or interest, refinancing the debt or taking other measures, which may
significantly affect the rights of creditors and the value of the securities issued by the political subdivisions and authorities
and the value of the fund's investments.
Litigation
challenging the validity under state constitutions of present systems of financing public education has been initiated
or adjudicated in a number of states, and legislation has been introduced to effect changes in public school finances
in some states. In other instances there has been litigation challenging the issuance of pollution control revenue
bonds or the validity of their issuance under state or federal law which litigation could ultimately affect the validity
of those municipal securities or the tax-free nature of the interest thereon.
In
some cases, municipalities may issue bonds relying on proceeds from litigation settlements. These bonds may be further
secured by debt service reserve funds established at the time the bonds were issued. Bonds that are supported in
whole or in part by expected litigation proceeds are subject to the risk that part or all of the expected proceeds may
not be received. For example, a damage award could be overturned or reduced by a court, or the terms of a settlement
or damage award may allow for reduced or discontinued payments if certain conditions are met. As a result,
bonds that rely on proceeds from litigation settlements are subject to an increased risk of nonpayment or default.
On
August 2, 2011, President Obama signed the Budget Control Act of 2011, which requires the federal government to
reduce expenditures by over $2 trillion over the next ten years. Since the specifics of the federal reductions have yet
to be identified, a detailed assessment of the impact on states cannot be made.
Puerto
Rico Risk. Adverse political and economic conditions and developments
affecting any territory or Commonwealth of the US may, in turn,
negatively affect the value of the fund’s holdings in such obligations. In recent years, Puerto Rico
has experienced a recession and difficult economic conditions, which may negatively affect the value of a fund’s holdings
in Puerto Rico municipal obligations. Pending or future legislation, including legislation that would allow Puerto Rico
to restructure its municipal debt obligations, thus increasing the risk that Puerto Rico may never pay off municipal indebtedness,
or may pay only a small fraction of the amount owed, could also impact the value of a fund’s investments in
Puerto Rico municipal securities.
In
June 2016, the Puerto Rico Oversight, Management, and Economic Stability Act (PROMESA) was signed into law. Among
other things, PROMESA established a federally-appointed Oversight Board to oversee Puerto Rico’s financial operations
and provides Puerto Rico a path to restructuring its debts. In May 2017, petitions were approved by the Oversight
Board and filed under Title III of PROMESA to restructure debt and other obligations of the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rico Sales Tax Financing Corporation (COFINA), two of the largest issuers of Puerto Rico
debt. Additional Puerto Rican instrumentalities could in the future file petitions under Title III or other provisions of
PROMESA. It is unclear at this time how the proceedings under PROMESA will be resolved.
Insured
Municipal Securities. A fund may purchase municipal securities
that are insured under policies issued by certain insurance companies.
Insured municipal securities typically receive a higher credit rating which means that the issuer of
the securities pays a lower interest rate. In purchasing such insured securities, the Advisor gives consideration both
to the insurer and to the credit quality of the underlying issuer. The insurance reduces the credit risk for a particular municipal
security by supplementing the creditworthiness of the underlying bond and provides additional security for payment
of the principal and interest of a municipal security. Certain of the insurance companies that provide insurance for
municipal securities provide insurance for other types of securities, including some involving subprime mortgages. The
value of subprime mortgage securities has declined recently and some may default, increasing a bond insurer’s risk
of having to make payments to holders of subprime mortgage securities. Because of this risk, the ratings of some insurance
companies have been, or may be, downgraded and it is possible that an insurance company may become insolvent.
If an insurance company’s rating is downgraded or the company becomes insolvent, the prices of municipal securities
insured by the insurance company may decline.
Letters
of Credit. Municipal obligations, including certificates of participation,
commercial paper and other short-term obligations may be backed
by an irrevocable letter of credit of a bank which assumes the obligation for payment of principal
and interest in the event of default by the issuer.
Pre-Refunded
Municipal Securities. Pre-refunded municipal securities are subject
to interest rate risk, market risk and limited liquidity. The
principal of and interest on municipal securities that have been pre-refunded are no longer paid from
the original revenue source for the securities. Instead, after pre-refunding of the principal of and interest on these securities
are typically paid from an escrow fund consisting of obligations issued or guaranteed by the US Government. The
assets in the escrow fund are derived from the proceeds of refunding bonds issued by the same issuer as the pre-refunded
municipal securities. Issuers of municipal securities use this advance refunding technique to obtain more favorable
terms with respect to securities that are not yet subject to call or redemption by the issuer. For example, advance
refunding enables an issuer to refinance debt at lower market interest rates, restructure debt to improve cash
flow or eliminate restrictive covenants in the indenture or other governing instrument for the pre-refunded municipal securities.
However, except for a change in the revenue source from which principal and interest payments are made, the
pre-refunded municipal securities remain outstanding on their original terms until they mature or are redeemed by
the issuer. Pre-refunded municipal securities are usually purchased at a price which represents a premium over their
face value.
Obligations
of Banks and Other Financial Institutions. A fund may invest
in US dollar-denominated fixed rate or variable rate obligations
of US or foreign financial institutions, including banks. Obligations of domestic and foreign financial
institutions in which a fund may invest include (but are not limited to) certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, bank
time deposits, commercial paper, and other US dollar-denominated instruments issued or supported by the credit of
US or foreign financial institutions, including banks, commercial and savings banks, savings and loan associations and
other institutions.
Certificates
of deposit are negotiable certificates evidencing the obligations of a bank to repay funds deposited with it
for a specified period of time. Banker’s acceptances are credit instruments evidencing the obligations of a bank to pay
a draft drawn on it by a customer. These instruments reflect the obligation both of the bank and of the drawer to pay
the face amount of the instrument upon maturity. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in a banking
institution for a specified period of time at a stated interest rate. Time deposits that may be held by a fund will
not benefit from insurance from the Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Association Insurance Fund administered by
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Fixed time deposits may be withdrawn on demand, but may be subject to
early withdrawal penalties that vary with market conditions and the remaining maturity of the obligation.
Obligations
of foreign branches of US banks and foreign banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to
the issuing bank or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by government regulation. Investments in
obligations of foreign banks may entail risks that are different in some respects from those of investments in obligations of
US domestic banks because of differences in political, regulatory and economic systems and conditions. These risks
include the possibility that these obligations may be less marketable than comparable obligations of United States banks,
and the selection of these obligations may be more difficult because there may be less publicly available information concerning
foreign banks. Other risks include future political and economic developments, currency blockage, the
possible
imposition of withholding taxes on interest payments, possible seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, difficulty
or inability to pursue legal remedies and obtain or enforce judgments in foreign courts, possible establishment of
exchange controls or the adoption of other foreign governmental restrictions that might affect adversely the payment of
principal and interest on bank obligations. Foreign branches of US banks and foreign banks may also be subject to less
stringent reserve requirements and to different accounting, auditing, reporting and record keeping standards than
those applicable to domestic branches of US banks.
Participation
Interests. A fund may purchase from financial institutions participation
interests in securities in which a fund may invest. A participation
interest gives a fund an undivided interest in the security in the proportion that a fund’s
participation interest bears to the principal amount of the security. These instruments may have fixed, floating or
variable interest rates. For certain participation interests, a fund will have the right to demand payment, on not more
than seven days’ notice, for all or any part of a fund’s participation interests in the security, plus accrued interest. As
to these instruments, a fund generally intends to exercise its right to demand payment only upon a default under the
terms of the security.
Repurchase
Agreements. A fund may invest in repurchase agreements pursuant
to its investment guidelines. In a repurchase agreement, a fund
acquires ownership of a security (Obligation) and simultaneously commits to resell that
security to the seller, typically a bank or broker/dealer, at a specified time and price.
In
accordance with current SEC guidance, DWS Government & Agency Securities Portfolio, Government Cash Management Portfolio,
DWS Government Money Market VIP, DWS Central Cash Management Government Fund, DWS Treasury Portfolio,
DWS ESG Liquidity Fund and DWS Money Market Prime Series may also transfer uninvested cash balances into
a single joint account (a Joint Account). The daily aggregate balance of a Joint Account will be invested in one or more
repurchase agreements. The Board has established and periodically reviews procedures applicable to transactions involving
Joint Accounts.
A
repurchase agreement provides a means for a fund to earn income on funds for periods as short as overnight. The repurchase
price may be higher than the purchase price, the difference being income to a fund, or the purchase and repurchase
prices may be the same, with interest at a stated rate due to a fund together with the repurchase price upon
repurchase. In either case, the income to a fund is unrelated to the interest rate on the Obligation itself. Obligations will
be held by the custodian or in the Federal Reserve Book Entry System.
It
is not clear whether a court would consider the Obligation purchased by a fund subject to a repurchase agreement as
being owned by a fund or as being collateral for a loan by a fund to the seller. In the event of the commencement of
bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings with respect to the seller of the Obligation before repurchase of the Obligation under
a repurchase agreement, a fund may encounter delay and incur costs before being able to sell the security. Delays
may involve loss of interest or decline in price of the Obligation. If the court characterizes the transaction as a
loan and a fund has not perfected a security interest in the Obligation, a fund may be required to return the Obligation to
the seller’s estate and be treated as an unsecured creditor of the seller. As an unsecured creditor, a fund would be
at risk of losing some or all of the principal and income involved in the transaction. As with any unsecured debt obligation
purchased for a fund, the Advisor seeks to reduce the risk of loss through repurchase agreements by analyzing the
creditworthiness of the obligor, in this case the seller of the Obligation. Apart from the risk of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings,
there is also the risk that the seller may fail to repurchase the Obligation, in which case a fund may incur a
loss if the proceeds to a fund of the sale to a third party are less than the repurchase price. However, if the market value
(including interest) of the Obligation subject to the repurchase agreement becomes less than the repurchase price
(including interest), a fund will direct the seller of the Obligation to deliver additional securities so that the market value
(including interest) of all securities subject to the repurchase agreement will equal or exceed the repurchase price.
Reverse
Repurchase Agreements. A fund may enter into “reverse
repurchase agreements,”
which are repurchase agreements in which a fund, as the seller
of the securities, agrees to repurchase such securities at an agreed time and
price. Under a reverse repurchase agreement, a fund continues to receive any principal and interest payments on
the underlying security during the term of the agreement. A fund’s obligations under reverse repurchase agreements are
generally treated as derivatives transactions subject to the requirements of Rule 18f-4, except for DWS money
market
funds in which a fund’s obligations under reverse repurchase agreements are treated as borrowings requiring the
necessary asset coverage under Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act. Such transactions may increase fluctuations in the market
value of fund assets and its yield.
Stand-by
Commitments. A stand-by commitment is a right acquired by a fund,
when it purchases a municipal obligation from a broker, dealer
or other financial institution (seller), to sell up to the same principal amount of such securities back
to the seller, at a fund’s option, at a specified price. Stand-by commitments are also known as “puts.”
The exercise by a fund of a stand-by commitment is subject to
the ability of the other party to fulfill its contractual commitment.
Stand-by
commitments acquired by a fund may have the following features: (1) they will be in writing and will be physically
held by a fund’s custodian; (2) a fund’s right to exercise them will be unconditional and unqualified; (3) they will
be entered into only with sellers which in the Advisor’s opinion present a minimal risk of default; (4) although stand-by
commitments will not be transferable, municipal obligations purchased subject to such commitments may be
sold to a third party at any time, even though the commitment is outstanding; and (5) their exercise price will be (i)
a fund’s acquisition cost (excluding any accrued interest which a fund paid on their acquisition), less any amortized market
premium or plus any amortized original issue discount during the period a fund owned the securities, plus (ii) all
interest accrued on the securities since the last interest payment date.
A
fund expects that stand-by commitments generally will be available without the payment of any direct or indirect consideration.
However, if necessary or advisable, a fund will pay for stand-by commitments, either separately in cash or
by paying a higher price for portfolio securities which are acquired subject to the commitments.
It
is difficult to evaluate the likelihood of use or the potential benefit of a stand-by commitment. Therefore, it is expected that
the Advisor will determine that stand-by commitments ordinarily have a “fair
value”
of zero, regardless of whether any direct or indirect consideration
was paid. However, if the market price of the security subject to the stand-by commitment
is less than the exercise price of the stand-by commitment, such security will ordinarily be valued at such
exercise price. Where a fund has paid for a stand-by commitment, its cost will be reflected as unrealized depreciation for
the period during which the commitment is held.
The
IRS has issued a favorable revenue ruling to the effect that, under specified circumstances, a regulated investment company
will be the owner of tax-exempt municipal obligations acquired subject to a put option. The IRS has also issued
private letter rulings to certain taxpayers (which do not serve as precedent for other taxpayers) to the effect that
tax-exempt interest received by a regulated investment company with respect to such obligations will be tax-exempt in
the hands of the company and may be distributed to its shareholders as exempt-interest dividends. The IRS has subsequently
announced that it will not ordinarily issue advance ruling letters as to the identity of the true owner of property
in cases involving the sale of securities or participation interests therein if the purchaser has the right to cause
the security, or the participation interest therein, to be purchased by either the seller or a third party. A fund intends
to take the position that it owns any municipal obligations acquired subject to a stand-by commitment and that
tax-exempt interest earned with respect to such municipal obligations will be tax-exempt in its hands. There is no
assurance that the IRS will agree with such position in any particular case.
Third
Party Puts. A fund may purchase long-term fixed rate bonds that
have been coupled with an option granted by a third party financial
institution allowing a fund at specified intervals to tender (put) the bonds to the institution and
receive the face value thereof (plus accrued interest). These third party puts are available in several different forms, may
be represented by custodial receipts or trust certificates and may be combined with other features such as interest rate
swaps. A fund receives a short-term rate of interest (which is periodically reset), and the interest rate differential between
that rate and the fixed rate on the bond is retained by the financial institution. The financial institution granting the
option does not provide credit enhancement, and in the event that there is a default in the payment of principal or
interest, or downgrading of a bond to below investment grade, or a loss of the bond’s tax-exempt status, the put option
will terminate automatically. As a result, a fund would be subject to the risks associated with holding such a long-term
bond and the weighted average maturity of that fund’s portfolio would be adversely affected.
These
bonds coupled with puts may present the same tax issues as are associated with Stand-By Commitments. As
with any Stand-By Commitments acquired by a fund, a fund intends to take the position that it is the owner of any
municipal obligation acquired subject to a third-party put, and that tax-exempt interest earned with respect to such
municipal obligations will be tax-exempt in its hands. There is no assurance that the IRS will agree with such position
in any particular case. Additionally, the federal income tax treatment of certain other aspects of these investments, including
the treatment of tender fees and swap payments, in relation to various regulated investment company tax provisions
is unclear. However, the Advisor seeks to manage a fund’s portfolio in a manner designed to minimize any adverse
impact from these investments.
US
Government Securities. A fund may invest in obligations issued
or guaranteed as to both principal and interest by the US Government,
its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises which include: (a) direct obligations of
the US Treasury; and (b) securities issued or guaranteed by US Government agencies.
Examples
of direct obligations of the US Treasury are Treasury bills, notes, bonds and other debt securities issued by the
US Treasury. These instruments are backed by the “full
faith and credit”
of the United States. They differ primarily in interest rates,
the length of maturities and the dates of issuance. Treasury bills have original maturities of one year or
less. Treasury notes have original maturities of one to ten years and Treasury bonds generally have original maturities of
greater than ten years.
Some
agency securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States (such as Maritime Administration Title
XI Ship Financing Bonds and Agency for International Development Housing Guarantee Program Bonds) and others
are backed only by the rights of the issuer to borrow from the US Treasury (such as Federal Home Loan Bank Bonds
and Federal National Mortgage Association Bonds), while still others, such as the securities of the Federal Farm Credit
Bank, are supported only by the credit of the issuer. With respect to securities supported only by the credit of the
issuing agency or by an additional line of credit with the US Treasury, there is no guarantee that the US Government will
provide support to such agencies and such securities may involve risk of loss of principal and interest.
US
Government securities may include “zero
coupon”
securities that have been stripped by the US Government of their
unmatured interest coupons and collateralized obligations issued or guaranteed by a US Government agency or instrumentality.
Because interest on zero coupon securities is not distributed on a current basis but is, in effect, compounded, zero
coupon securities tend to be subject to greater risk than interest-paying securities of similar maturities.
Interest
rates on US Government securities may be fixed or variable. Interest rates on variable rate obligations are adjusted
at regular intervals, at least annually, according to a formula reflecting then current specified standard rates, such
as 91-day US Treasury bill rates. These adjustments generally tend to reduce fluctuations in the market value of the
securities.
The
government guarantee of the US Government securities in a fund’s portfolio does not guarantee the net asset value
of the shares of a fund. There are market risks inherent in all investments in securities and the value of an investment
in a fund will fluctuate over time. Normally, the value of investments in US Government securities varies inversely
with changes in interest rates. For example, as interest rates rise the value of investments in US Government securities
will tend to decline, and as interest rates fall the value of a fund’s investments in US Government securities will
tend to increase. In addition, the potential for appreciation in the event of a decline in interest rates may be limited or
negated by increased principal prepayments with respect to certain mortgage-backed securities, such as GNMA Certificates.
Prepayments of high interest rate mortgage-backed securities during times of declining interest rates will
tend to lower the return of a fund and may even result in losses to a fund if some securities were acquired at a premium.
Moreover, during periods of rising interest rates, prepayments of mortgage-backed securities may decline, resulting
in the extension of a fund’s average portfolio maturity. As a result, a fund’s portfolio may experience greater volatility
during periods of rising interest rates than under normal market conditions.
Variable
and Floating Rate Instruments. Debt instruments purchased by
a fund may be structured to have variable or floating interest
rates. The interest rate on variable and floating rate securities may be reset daily, weekly or on some
other reset period and may have a floor or ceiling on interest rate changes. The interest rate of variable rate securities
ordinarily is determined by reference to or is a percentage of an objective standard such as a bank’s prime
rate,
the 90-day US Treasury Bill rate, or the rate of return on commercial paper or bank certificates of deposit. Generally, the
changes in the interest rate on variable rate securities reduce the fluctuation in the market value of such securities. Accordingly,
as interest rates decrease or increase, the potential for capital appreciation or depreciation is less than for
fixed-rate obligations. A fund may purchase variable rate securities on which stated minimum or maximum rates, or
maximum rates set by state law, limit the degree to which interest on such instruments may fluctuate; to the extent it
does, increases or decreases in value of such instruments may be somewhat greater than would be the case without such
limits. Because the adjustment of interest rates on the variable rate securities is made in relation to movements of
the applicable rate adjustment index, the instruments are not comparable to long-term fixed interest rate securities. Accordingly,
interest rates on the variable rate securities may be higher or lower than current market rates for fixed rate
obligations of comparable quality with similar final maturities. A money market fund determines the maturity of variable
rate securities in accordance with Rule 2a-7, which allows a fund to consider certain of such instruments as having
maturities shorter than the maturity date on the face of the instrument.
The
Advisor will consider the earning power, cash flows and other liquidity ratios of the issuers and guarantors of such
instruments and, if the instrument is subject to a demand feature (described below), will continuously monitor the
issuer’s financial ability to meet payment on demand. Where necessary to ensure that a variable or floating rate instrument
is equivalent to the quality standards applicable to a fund’s fixed income investments, the issuer’s obligation to
pay the principal of the instrument will be backed by an unconditional bank letter or line of credit, guarantee or commitment
to lend. Any bank providing such a bank letter, line of credit, guarantee or loan commitment will meet a
fund’s investment quality standards relating to investments in bank obligations. The Advisor will also monitor the creditworthiness
of issuers of such instruments to determine whether a fund should continue to hold the investments.
The
absence of an active secondary market for certain variable and floating rate notes could make it difficult to dispose of
the instruments, and a fund could suffer a loss if the issuer defaults or during periods in which a fund is not entitled to
exercise its demand rights. When a reliable trading market for the variable and floating rate instruments held by a fund
does not exist and a fund may not demand payment of the principal amount of such instruments within seven days,
the instruments may be deemed illiquid and therefore subject to a fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities.
Variable
Rate Demand Securities. A fund may purchase variable rate demand
securities, which are variable rate securities that permit a
fund to demand payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest upon a specified number of
days’ notice to the issuer or its agent. The demand feature may be backed by a bank letter of credit or guarantee issued
with respect to such instrument. A bank that issues a repurchase commitment may receive a fee from a fund for
this arrangement. The issuer of a variable rate demand security may have a corresponding right to prepay in its discretion
the outstanding principal of the instrument plus accrued interest upon notice comparable to that required for
the holder to demand payment.
Variable
Rate Master Demand Notes. A fund may purchase variable rate master
demand notes, which are unsecured instruments that permit the
indebtedness thereunder to vary and provide for periodic adjustments in the interest rate. Because
variable rate master demand notes are direct lending arrangements between a fund and the issuer, they are
not ordinarily traded. Although no active secondary market may exist for these notes, a fund will purchase only those
notes under which it may demand and receive payment of principal and accrued interest daily or may resell the note
at any time to a third party. These notes are not typically rated by credit rating agencies.
Variable
Rate Preferred Securities. A fund may purchase certain variable
rate preferred securities (VRPs) issued by closed-end municipal
bond funds, which, in turn, invest primarily in portfolios of tax-exempt municipal bonds. A fund may
invest in securities issued by single-state or national closed-end municipal bond funds. VRPs are issued by closed-end funds
to leverage returns for common shareholders. Under the 1940 Act, a closed-end fund that issues preferred shares
must maintain an asset coverage ratio of at least 200% immediately after the time of issuance and at the time of
certain distributions on repurchases of its common stock. It is anticipated that the interest on the VRPs will be exempt
from federal income tax and, with respect to any such securities issued by single-state municipal bond funds, exempt
from the applicable state’s income tax, although interest on VRPs may be subject to the federal alternative minimum
tax. The VRPs will pay a variable dividend rate, determined either daily or weekly, typically through a remarketing process,
and will typically include a demand feature that provides a fund with a contractual right to tender the securities
to
either a liquidity provider or back to the closed-end municipal bond fund. A fund could lose money if the liquidity provider
fails to honor its obligation, becomes insolvent, or files for bankruptcy. If the tender is directly to the closed-end municipal
bond fund a fund could lose money if the closed-end municipal bond fund fails to honor its obligation, becomes insolvent,
or files for bankruptcy. In certain instances, a fund may not have the right to put the securities back to the closed-end
municipal bond fund or demand payment or redemption directly from the closed-end municipal bond fund. If
the VRPs were offered under an exemption from registration under the 1933 Act (e.g. Regulation D) the VRPs would not
be freely transferable and, therefore, a fund may only transfer the securities to another investor in compliance with
certain exemptions under the 1933 Act, including Rule 144A. If the VRPs were to be registered under the 1933 Act,
the VRPs would be freely transferable.
A
fund’s purchase of VRPs issued by closed-end municipal bond funds is subject to the restrictions set forth under the
heading “Investment
Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles.”
When-Issued
and Delayed-Delivery Securities. A fund may purchase securities
on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis. Delivery of and payment
for these securities can take place a month or more after the date of the purchase commitment.
The payment obligation and the interest rate that will be received on when-issued and delayed-delivery securities
are fixed at the time the buyer enters into the commitment. Due to fluctuations in the value of securities purchased
or sold on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis, the yields obtained on such securities may be higher or
lower than the yields available in the market on the dates when the investments are actually delivered to the buyers. When-issued
securities may include securities purchased on a “when,
as and if issued”
basis, under which the issuance of the security depends on the
occurrence of a subsequent event, such as approval of a merger, corporate reorganization or
debt restructuring. The value of such securities is subject to market fluctuation during this period and no interest or
income, as applicable, accrues to a fund until settlement takes place.
At
the time a fund makes the commitment to purchase securities on
a when-issued or delayed delivery basis,
it
will record the transaction,
reflect the value each day of such securities in determining
its net asset value and,
if
applicable, calculate
the maturity for the purposes of average maturity from that date.
At the time of settlement a
when-issued security may be valued at less than the purchase
price. Rule
18f-4 under the 1940 Act permits a fund to invest in a security
on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis and the transaction
will be deemed not to involve a senior security, provided that
the fund intends to physically settle the transaction and the transaction will settle within 35 days of its trade
date. If a
fund chooses to dispose of the right to acquire a when-issued
security prior to its acquisition,
it could,
as with the disposition of any other portfolio obligation,
incur
a gain or loss due to market fluctuation. When a fund engages
in when-issued or
delayed-delivery
transactions, it
relies on the other party to consummate the trade and is, therefore,
exposed to counterparty risk. Failure of the seller to do so
may result in a fund’s incurring
a loss or missing an opportunity to obtain a price considered
to be advantageous.
Yields
and Ratings. The yields on certain obligations in which a fund
may invest (such as commercial paper and bank obligations), are
dependent on a variety of factors, including general market conditions, conditions in the particular market
for the obligation, the financial condition of the issuer, the size of the offering, the maturity of the obligation and
the ratings of the issue. The ratings of Moody’s, S&P and Fitch represent their opinions as to the quality of the securities
that they undertake to rate. Ratings, however, are general and are not absolute standards of quality or value. Consequently,
obligations with the same rating, maturity and interest rate may have different market prices. See “Ratings
of Investments”
for descriptions of the ratings provided by certain recognized rating organizations.
Part II:
Appendix II-F—Taxes
The
following is intended to be a general summary of certain federal income tax consequences of investing in a fund. This
discussion does not address all aspects of taxation (including state, local, and foreign taxes) that may be relevant to
particular shareholders in light of their own investment or tax circumstances, or to particular types of shareholders (including
insurance companies, tax-advantaged retirement plans, financial institutions or broker-dealers, foreign corporations, and
persons who are not citizens or residents of the United States) that are subject to special treatment under the US
federal income tax laws. Current and prospective investors are therefore advised to consult with their tax advisors before
making an investment in a fund. This summary is based on the laws in effect on the date of this SAI and on existing
judicial and administrative interpretations thereof, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect.
Regulated
Investment Company Qualifications. Each fund intends to qualify
for treatment as a separate RIC under Subchapter M of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Code”).
To qualify for treatment as a RIC, each fund must annually distribute
at least 90% of its investment company taxable income (which includes dividends, interest and
net short-term capital gains) and meet several other requirements. Among such other requirements are the following: (i)
at least 90% of each fund’s annual gross income must be derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to
securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities or non-US currencies, other income (including,
but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of
investing in such stock, securities or currencies, and net income derived from interests in qualified publicly-traded partnerships
(i.e., partnerships that are traded on an established securities market or tradable on a secondary market, other
than partnerships that derive 90% or more of their gross income from interest, dividends, capital gains and other
traditionally permitted mutual fund income); and (ii) at the close of each quarter of each fund’s taxable year, (a) at
least 50% of the market value of each fund’s total assets must be represented by cash and cash items, US government securities,
securities of other RICs and other securities, with such other securities limited for purposes of this calculation in
respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the fund’s total assets and not greater than
10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of each fund’s total
assets may be invested in the securities (other than US government securities or the securities of other RICs) of
any one issuer, or two or more issuers of which 20% or more of the voting stock is held by the fund and that are engaged
in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or the securities of one or more qualified
publicly-traded partnerships. The Treasury Department is authorized to promulgate regulations under which gains
from foreign currencies (and options, futures, and forward contracts on foreign currency) would constitute qualifying income
for purposes of the test described in (i) above only if such gains are directly related to investing in securities. To
date, such regulations have not been issued.
Although
in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to RICs, such rules do apply to a RIC with respect to
items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly-traded partnership. A fund’s investments in partnerships, if any,
including in qualified publicly-traded partnerships, may result in a fund being subject to state, local, or non-US income,
franchise or withholding taxes.
Taxation
of Regulated Investment Companies. As a RIC, a fund will not
be subject to US federal income tax on the portion of its taxable
investment income and capital gains that it distributes to its shareholders, provided that it satisfies
a minimum distribution requirement. To satisfy the minimum distribution requirement, a fund must distribute to
its shareholders an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 90% of its “investment
company taxable income”
as that term is defined in the Code determined without regard
to the deduction for dividends paid (i.e., taxable income other
than its net realized long-term capital gain over its net realized short-term capital loss), plus or minus certain adjustments,
and (ii) 90% of its net tax-exempt income for the taxable year. A fund will be subject to income tax at regular
corporate
rates on any taxable income or gains that it does not distribute to its shareholders. If a fund fails to qualify
for any taxable year as a RIC or fails to meet the distribution requirement, all of its taxable income will be subject
to federal income tax at regular corporate income tax rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders, and
such distributions (including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gain) generally will
be taxable to shareholders as ordinary dividends to the extent of the fund’s current and accumulated earnings and
profits. In such event, distributions to individuals and other non-corporate shareholders should be eligible to be treated
as qualified dividend income and distributions to corporate shareholders generally should be eligible for the
dividends
received deduction, provided in both cases the shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements. Although
each fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income and its capital gains for each taxable
year, each fund will be subject to US federal income taxation to the extent any such income or gains are not distributed.
If a fund fails to qualify as a RIC in any year, it must pay out its earnings and profits accumulated in that year
in order to qualify again as a RIC. If a fund fails to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two taxable years, the
fund may be required to recognize any net built-in gains with respect to certain of its assets (i.e., the excess of the
aggregate gains, including items of income, over aggregate losses that would have been realized with respect to
such assets if the fund had been liquidated) if it qualifies as a RIC in a subsequent year.
If
a fund does not on a timely basis receive applicable government approvals in the PRC to repatriate funds associated with
direct investment in A-Shares, the fund may be unable to satisfy the minimum distribution requirement described above.
Excise
Tax. A fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on certain undistributed
income if it does not generally distribute to its shareholders
in each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar
year (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) plus (ii) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (reduced by
certain ordinary losses) for the 12 months ended October 31 of such year. For this purpose, however, any ordinary income
or capital gain net income retained by a fund that is subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within
the relevant calendar year will be considered to have been distributed. In addition, the minimum amounts that must
be distributed in any year to avoid the excise tax will be increased or decreased to reflect any under-distribution or
over-distribution, as the case may be, from the previous year. Each fund intends to declare and distribute dividends and
distributions in the amounts and at the times necessary to avoid the application of this 4% excise tax.
If
a fund does not on a timely basis receive applicable government approvals in the PRC to repatriate funds associated with
direct investment in A-Shares, a fund may be unable to avoid the excise tax.
Fund
Losses. If a fund has a “net
capital loss”
(that is, capital losses in excess of capital gains) for a taxable year, the
excess of the fund’s net short-term capital losses over its net long-term capital gains is treated as a short-term capital
loss arising on the first day of the fund’s next taxable year, and the excess (if any) of the fund’s net long-term capital
losses over its net short-term capital gains is treated as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the fund’s
next taxable year. These losses can be carried forward indefinitely to offset capital gains, if any, in years following the
year of the loss.
Under
certain circumstances, a fund may elect to treat certain losses as though they were incurred on the first day of
the taxable year following the taxable year in which they were actually incurred.
Taxation
of US Shareholders. Dividends and other distributions by a fund
are generally treated under the Code as received by the shareholders
at the time the dividend or distribution is made. However, any dividend or distribution declared
by a fund in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to shareholders of record on
a specified date in such a month shall be deemed to have been received by each shareholder on December 31 of such
calendar year and to have been paid by the fund on such December 31, provided such dividend is actually paid by
the fund during January of the following calendar year.
Each
fund intends to distribute annually to its shareholders substantially all of its investment company taxable income (determined
without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and any net realized long-term capital gains in excess of
net realized short-term capital losses (including any available capital loss carryovers). However, if a fund retains for investment
an amount equal to all or a portion of its net long-term capital gains in excess of its net short-term capital losses
(including any available capital loss carryovers), it will be subject to a corporate tax (currently at a maximum rate
of 21%) on the amount retained. In that event, the fund may report such retained amounts as undistributed capital
gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as
long-term capital gains, their proportionate shares of the undistributed amount, (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate
shares of the federal income tax paid by the fund on the undistributed amount against their federal income
tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds to the extent their credits exceed their liabilities, if any, and (iii) will be
entitled to increase their tax basis, for federal income tax purposes, in their Shares by an amount equal to the
difference
between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder's gross income and the federal
income tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence. Organizations or persons
not subject to US federal income tax on such capital gains will be entitled to a refund of their pro rata share of
such taxes paid by the fund upon filing appropriate returns or claims for refund with the IRS.
Distributions
of net realized long-term capital gains, if any, that a fund reports as capital gains dividends are taxable as
long-term capital gains, whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional Shares and regardless of how long a shareholder has
held Shares of the fund. All other dividends of a fund (including dividends from short-term capital gains) from its current
and accumulated earnings and profits (“regular
dividends”)
are generally subject to federal income tax as ordinary income,
subject to the discussion of qualified dividend income and tax-exempt dividends below.
If
a non-corporate shareholder receives a regular dividend qualifying for the long-term capital gains rates and such dividend
constitutes an “extraordinary
dividend,”
and the non-corporate shareholder subsequently recognizes a loss on
the sale or exchange of stock in respect of which the extraordinary dividend was paid, then the loss will be long-term capital
loss to the extent of such extraordinary dividend. An “extraordinary
dividend”
on common stock for this purpose is generally a dividend (i)
in an amount greater than or equal to 10% of the taxpayer’s tax basis (or trading value) in a Share
of stock, aggregating dividends with ex-dividend dates within an 85-day period or (ii) in an amount greater than 20%
of the taxpayer’s tax basis (or trading value) in a Share of stock, aggregating dividends with ex-dividend dates within
a 365-day period.
Distributions
in excess of a fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated as
a tax-free return of capital to the extent of a shareholder’s basis in Shares of the fund, and as a capital gain thereafter (if
the shareholder holds Shares of the fund as capital assets). Shareholders receiving dividends or distributions in the
form of additional Shares should generally be treated for federal income tax purposes as receiving a distribution in
an amount equal to the amount of money that the shareholders receiving cash dividends or distributions will receive and
should generally have a cost basis in the Shares received equal to such amount.
Investors
considering buying Shares just prior to a dividend or capital gain distribution should be aware that, although the
price of Shares purchased at that time may reflect the amount of the forthcoming distribution, such dividend or distribution
may nevertheless be taxable to them. If a fund is the holder of record of any security on the record date for
any dividends payable with respect to such security, such dividends will be included in the fund’s gross income not
as of the date received but as of the later of (i) the date such security became ex-dividend with respect to such dividends
(i.e., the date on which a buyer of the security would not be entitled to receive the declared, but unpaid, dividends);
or (ii) the date the fund acquired such security. Accordingly, in order to satisfy its income distribution requirements, a
fund may be required to pay dividends based on anticipated earnings, and shareholders may receive dividends in an
earlier year than would otherwise be the case.
In
certain situations, a fund may, for a taxable year, defer all or a portion of its capital losses, currency losses and certain
other ordinary losses until the next taxable year in computing its investment company taxable income and net
capital gain, which will defer the recognition of such realized losses. Such deferrals and other rules regarding gains and
losses may affect the tax character of shareholder distributions.
An
additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain
distributions received from a fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of fund Shares) of
US individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified
adjusted gross income”
(in the case of an individual) or “adjusted
gross income”
(in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
Sales
of Shares. Upon the sale or exchange of Shares of a fund, a shareholder
will realize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between
the amount realized and the shareholder’s basis in Shares of a fund. Such gain or loss will be
treated as capital gain or loss if the Shares are capital assets in the shareholder’s hands and will be long-term capital
gain or loss if the Shares are held for more than one year and short-term capital gain or loss if the Shares are held
for one year or less. Any loss realized on a sale or exchange will be disallowed to the extent the Shares disposed of
are replaced, including replacement through the reinvesting of dividends and capital gains distributions in the fund, within
a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of the Shares. In such a
case,
the basis of the Shares acquired will be increased to reflect the disallowed loss. Any loss realized by a shareholder on
the sale of a fund Share held by the shareholder for six months or less will be treated for federal income tax purposes as
a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions or deemed distributions of long-term capital gains received by
the shareholder with respect to such Share. Any loss realized by a shareholder on the sale of fund shares held by the
shareholder for six months or less will be disallowed to the extent of any exempt-interest dividends received by the
shareholder with respect to such shares, unless a fund declares exempt-interest dividends on a daily basis in an amount
equal to at least 90% of its net tax-exempt interest and distributes such dividends on a monthly or more frequent
basis. A shareholder’s ability to utilize capital losses may be limited under the Code.
Legislation
passed by Congress requires reporting of adjusted cost basis information for covered securities, which generally
include shares of a RIC acquired after January 1, 2012, to the IRS and to taxpayers.
Shareholders
should contact their financial intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections for
their accounts. Because the federal income tax treatment of a sale or exchange of fund Shares depends on your purchase
price and your personal tax position, you should keep your regular account statements to use in determining your
federal income tax liability.
Back-Up
Withholding. In certain cases, withholding will be required at
the applicable withholding rate (currently 24%), from any distributions
paid to a shareholder who: (i) has failed to provide a correct taxpayer identification number; (ii) is
subject to back-up withholding by the IRS; (iii) has failed to certify that such shareholder is not subject to back-up withholding;
or (iv) has not certified that such shareholder is a US person (including a US resident alien). Back-up withholding
is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholder’s US federal income
tax liability.
Creation
Units. An authorized participant who exchanges securities for
Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss. The
gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the time and
the sum of the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered, plus the amount of cash paid for such Creation
Units. A person who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between
the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate market value of any securities received,
plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Units. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss realized
upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash
sales,”
or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position.
Any
capital gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or
loss if the securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss
realized upon the redemption of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Shares
comprising the Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses will
be treated as short-term capital gains or losses.
The
Trust, on behalf of each fund, has the right to reject an order for a purchase of Shares of the fund if the purchaser (or
group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the Shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding Shares of
a given fund and if, pursuant to Sections 351 and 362 of the Code, that fund would have a basis in the securities different
from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. If a fund’s basis in such securities on the date
of deposit was less than market value on such date, the fund, upon disposition of the securities, would recognize more
taxable gain or less taxable loss than if its basis in the securities had been equal to market value. It is not anticipated that
the Trust will exercise the right of rejection except in a case where the Trust determines that accepting the order could
result in material adverse tax consequences to a fund or its shareholders. The Trust also has the right to require information
necessary to determine beneficial Share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination.
Investment
in the Underlying Funds. A fund’s exposure to securities
through an underlying fund (i.e., the Underlying Funds) may be
less tax efficient than a direct investment in securities. The fund will not be able to offset its taxable income
and gains with losses incurred by the underlying fund because the underlying fund(s) are treated as corporations for
federal income tax purposes. The fund’s sales of shares of an underlying fund, including those resulting from changes in
the fund’s allocation of assets, could cause the recognition of additional taxable gains. A portion of any such gains
may
be short-term capital gains, which will be taxable as ordinary dividend income when distributed to the fund’s shareholders.
Further, certain losses recognized on sales of shares of the underlying fund may be deferred indefinitely under
the wash sale rules. Any loss realized by the fund on a disposition of shares of the underlying fund held for six months
or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as distributions to the fund
of net long-term capital gain with respect to the underlying fund’s shares (including any amounts credited to the fund
as undistributed capital gains). Short-term capital gains earned by the underlying fund will be treated as ordinary dividends
when distributed to the fund and therefore may not be offset by any short-term capital losses incurred by the
fund. The fund’s short-term capital losses might instead offset long-term capital gains realized by the fund, which would
otherwise be eligible for reduced federal income tax rates when distributed to individual and certain other non-corporate
shareholders.
Taxation
of Certain Derivatives. A fund’s transactions in zero coupon
securities, non-US currencies, forward contracts, options and
futures contracts (including options, futures contracts and forward contracts on non-US currencies), to the
extent permitted, will be subject to special provisions of the Code (including provisions relating to “hedging
transactions”
and “straddles”)
that, among other things, may affect the character of gains and losses realized by the fund (i.e., may affect
whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital), accelerate recognition of income to the fund and defer fund losses.
These rules could therefore affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to shareholders. These provisions
also (i) will require a fund to mark-to-market certain types of the positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as
if they were closed out at the end of each year) and (ii) may cause a fund to recognize income without receiving cash
with which to pay dividends or make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the distribution requirements for
avoiding income and excise taxes. Each fund will monitor its transactions, will make the appropriate tax elections and
will make the appropriate entries in its books and records when it acquires any zero coupon security, non-US currency,
forward contract, option, futures contract or hedged investment in order to mitigate the effect of these rules and
prevent disqualification of the fund as a RIC.
A
fund’s investment in so-called “Section
1256 contracts,”
such as regulated futures contracts, most non-US currency forward
contracts traded in the interbank market and options on most security indexes, are subject to special tax rules.
All Section 1256 contracts held by a fund at the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their market value,
and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions will be included in the fund’s income as if each position had been
sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain
or loss realized by the fund from positions in Section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year. Provided such
positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a “hedging
transaction”
nor part of a “straddle,”
60% of the resulting net gain or loss will be treated as long-term
capital gain or loss, and 40% of such net gain or loss will be
treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were actually held by the fund.
As
a result of entering into swap contracts, a fund may make or receive periodic net payments. A fund may also make or
receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction.
Periodic net payments will generally constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap
will generally result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the fund has been a party
to the swap for more than one year). With respect to certain types of swaps, a fund may be required to currently recognize
income or loss with respect to future payments on such swaps or may elect under certain circumstances to
mark such swaps to market annually for federal income tax purposes as ordinary income or loss. The tax treatment of
many types of credit default swaps is uncertain.
Qualified
Dividend Income. Distributions by a fund of investment company
taxable income (including any short-term capital gains), whether
received in cash or reinvested in Shares, will be taxable for federal income tax purposes either as
ordinary income or as qualified dividend income, eligible for the reduced maximum rate to individuals of either 15%
or 20% (depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) to the extent the fund
receives qualified dividend income on the securities it holds and the fund reports the distribution as qualified dividend
income and certain holding period and other requirements are satisfied. Distributions by a fund of its net short-term
capital gains will be taxable as ordinary income. Capital gain distributions consisting of a fund’s net capital gains
will be taxable as long-term capital gains. Qualified dividend income is, in general, dividend income from taxable US
corporations (but generally not from entities treated as real estate investment trusts for federal income tax purposes
(“US
REITs”)
and certain non-US corporations (e.g., non-US corporations that are not “passive
foreign investment companies”
and which are incorporated in a possession of the US or in certain countries with a comprehensive tax treaty
with the US, or the stock of which is readily tradable on an established securities market in the US). Under current
IRS guidance, the United States has appropriate comprehensive income tax treaties with the following countries: Australia,
Austria, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, China (but not with Hong Kong, which is treated as
a separate jurisdiction for US tax purposes), Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Malta, Mexico, Morocco, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Russia, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand,
Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and Venezuela.
A
dividend from a fund will not be treated as qualified dividend income to the extent that (i) the shareholder has not held
the Shares on which the dividend was paid for 61 days during the 121-day period that begins on the date that is
60 days before the date on which the Shares become ex-dividend with respect to such dividend or the fund fails to
satisfy those holding period requirements with respect to the securities it holds that paid the dividends distributed to
the shareholder (or, in the case of certain preferred stocks, the holding requirement of 91 days during the 181-day period
beginning on the date that is 90 days before the date on which the stock becomes ex- dividend with respect to
such dividend); (ii) the fund or the shareholder is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to
make related payments with respect to substantially similar or related property; or (iii) the shareholder elects to treat
such dividend as investment income under Section 163(d)(4)(B) of the Code. Dividends received by a fund from a
US REIT or another RIC may be treated as qualified dividend income only to the extent the dividend distributions are
attributable to qualified dividend income received by such US REIT or other RIC. It is expected that dividends received
by a fund from a US REIT and distributed to a shareholder generally will be taxable to the shareholder as ordinary
income.
For
taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026, qualified US REIT dividends (i.e., US
REIT dividends other than capital gain dividends and portions of US REIT dividends designated as qualified dividend income)
are eligible for a 20% federal income tax deduction in the case of individuals, trusts and estates. A fund that receives
qualified US REIT dividends may elect to pass the special character of this income through to its shareholders. To
be eligible to treat distributions from a fund as qualified US REIT dividends, a shareholder must hold Shares of the fund
for more than 45 days during the 91-day period beginning on the date that is 45 days before the date on which the
Shares become ex dividend with respect to such dividend and the shareholder must not be under an obligation (whether
pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar
or related property. If a fund does not elect to pass the special character of this income through to shareholders or
if a shareholder does not satisfy the above holding period requirements, the shareholder will not be entitled to the 20%
deduction for the shareholder’s share of the fund’s qualified US REIT dividend income.
If
you lend your fund Shares pursuant to securities lending arrangements you may lose the ability to use non-US tax credits
passed through by the fund or to treat fund dividends (paid while the Shares are held by the borrower) as qualified
dividend income. Consult your financial intermediary or tax advisor. If you enter into a short sale with respect to
Shares of the fund, substitute payments made to the lender of such Shares may not be deductible. Consult your financial
intermediary or tax advisor.
Corporate
Dividends Received Deduction. Dividends paid by a fund that are
attributable to dividends received by the fund from US corporations
may qualify for the dividends received deduction for corporations. A 46-day minimum holding
period during the 90-day period that begins 45 days prior to ex-dividend date (or 91-day minimum holding period
during the 180-day period beginning 90 days prior to ex-dividend date for preferred stock) during which risk of loss
may not be diminished is required for the applicable shares, at both the fund and shareholder level, for a dividend to
be eligible for the dividends received deduction. The dividends received deduction, if available, is reduced to the extent
the shares with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under federal income tax
law. The dividends received deduction also may be reduced as a result of a fund’s securities lending activities, hedging
activities or a high portfolio turnover rate or as a result of certain derivative transactions entered into by a fund.
Excess
Inclusion Income. Under current law, a
fund serves to block unrelated business taxable income from being realized
by its
tax-exempt Shareholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize unrelated business
taxable income by virtue of its investment in the fund if shares in the fund constitute debt-financed property in
the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b). Certain types of income received by
the fund from US REITs, real estate mortgage investment conduits, taxable mortgage pools or other investments may
cause the fund to designate some or all of its distributions as “excess
inclusion income.”
To fund shareholders, such excess inclusion income may (i) constitute
taxable income, as “unrelated
business taxable income”
for those shareholders who would otherwise be tax-exempt such
as individual retirement accounts, 401(k) accounts, Keogh plans,
pension plans and certain charitable entities; (ii) not be offset by otherwise allowable deductions for tax purposes; (iii)
not be eligible for reduced US withholding for non-US shareholders even from tax treaty countries; and (iv) cause the
fund to be subject to tax if certain “disqualified
organizations”
as defined by the Code are fund shareholders. If a charitable
remainder annuity trust or a charitable remainder unitrust (each as defined in Code Section 664) has UBTI for
a taxable year, a 100% excise tax on the UBTI is imposed on the trust.
Non-US
Investments. Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable
to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time a fund accrues
income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a currency other
than the fund’s “functional
currency”
and the time the fund actually collects such receivables or income or pays such
expenses or liabilities are generally treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss. In general, assuming the fund’s functional
currency for federal income tax purposes is the US dollar, gains (and losses) realized on debt instruments will
be treated as Section 988 gain (or loss) to the extent attributable to changes in exchange rates between the US dollar
and the currencies in which the instruments are denominated. Similarly, gain or losses on non-US currency, non-US
currency forward contracts and certain non-US currency options or futures contracts denominated in non-US currency,
to the extent attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the acquisition and disposition dates, are
also treated as ordinary income or loss unless the fund were to elect otherwise. Certain funds (or a “qualified
business unit”
of the fund) may treat the RMB as its functional currency. Under those circumstances, the fund generally would
not be expected to recognize gains or losses on its RMB-denominated securities based on the value of the RMB
relative to the US dollar, but a fund may recognize Section 988 gain (or loss) based on fluctuations in the value of
the RMB relative to the US dollar between the acquisition and disposition dates of US currency, between the date on
which a fund dividend is declared and the date on which it is paid, and potentially in connection with Fund redemptions.
Income
received by the funds from sources within foreign countries (including, for example, interest and dividends on
securities of non-US issuers) may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. In some
cases,
gain on the sale of shares of foreign issuers may
also be subject to foreign tax. Tax treaties between such countries
and the US may reduce or eliminate such taxes. Foreign taxes paid by the funds will reduce the return from the
funds’ investments.
Each
fund may be subject to non-US income taxes withheld at the source. Each fund, if more than 50% of the value of
its total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations, may elect to “pass
through”
to its investors the amount of non-US income taxes paid by the fund provided that both the fund and the investor
satisfy certain holding period requirements, with the result that each investor at the time of deemed distribution will
(i) include in gross income, even though not actually received, the investor’s pro rata share of the fund’s non-US income
taxes, and (ii) either deduct (in calculating US taxable income) or credit (in calculating US federal income tax) the
investor’s pro rata share of the fund’s non-US income taxes. A non-US person invested in the fund in a year that the
fund elects to “pass
through”
its non-US taxes may be treated as receiving additional dividend income subject to
US withholding tax. A non-US tax credit may not exceed the investor’s US federal income tax otherwise payable with
respect to the investor’s non-US source income. For this purpose, shareholders must treat as non-US source gross
income (i) their proportionate Shares of non-US taxes paid by the fund and (ii) the portion of any dividend paid by
the fund that represents income derived from non-US sources; the fund’s gain from the sale of securities will generally
be treated as US-source income. Certain limitations will be imposed to the extent to which the non-US tax credit
may be claimed.
A-Shares
Tax Risk. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation
of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result
in unexpected tax liabilities for a fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10%
on dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises from issuers resident in China. China also imposes withholding
tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in an issuer resident
in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement or arrangement.
Since
the respective inception of the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (“Shanghai
Connect”
and the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (“Shenzhen
Connect”),
foreign investors (including the funds) investing in A-Shares
listed on the SSE through Shanghai Connect and those listed on the SZSE through Shenzhen Connect would
be temporarily exempt from the PRC corporate income tax and value-added tax on the gains on disposal of such
A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless reduced under
a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax authority. Since
November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted.
The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has
been paid by Xtrackers Harvest ETFs, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November 17,
2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue authorities
in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between November
17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. A fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for which reserves
have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on a fund’s return
could be substantial. A fund may also be liable to the Advisor or Subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on the Advisor
or Subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If the fund’s direct investments in A-Shares through
the Advisor’s or Subadvisor’s QFI license become subject to repatriation restrictions or delays, the fund may be
unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Internal Revenue Code, and be subject to tax
at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow funds to the extent necessary to distribute
to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The
current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively,
including with respect to the possible liability of a fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in
A-Shares through Stock Connect or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains
may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in
the case of a QFI acting for a foreign investor such as the funds is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an
RQFII would also be eligible for BT exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior
to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on the fund could
have a material adverse effect on the fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to
QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e. QFIIs
continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from
PRC value-added tax, which replaced the BT with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities, including A-Shares.
The
current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, including with
respect to the possible liability of a fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in A-Shares through
Stock Connect. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains may in principle be subject to a
reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty.
Certain
Debt Instruments. Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity
date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may
be acquired by a fund may be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount.
Generally, the amount of the original issue discount (“OID”)
is treated as interest income and is required to be accrued (and
required to be distributed by a fund) over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that
amount is not received until a later time upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security. In addition,
payment-in-kind debt securities will give rise to income which is required to be distributed and, in the case of
a taxable obligation, is taxable, even though a fund holding the security receives no interest payment in cash during the
year. A portion of the OID includable in income with respect to certain high-yield corporate debt securities may be
treated as a dividend for federal income tax purposes.
Some
of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be
acquired by a fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on
the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as interest
income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the “accrued
market discount”
on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal
daily installments. The funds may make one or more of the elections
applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of
income.
Some
debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by
a fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or OID in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, the
fund will be required to accrue the acquisition discount, or OID, over the term of the debt security, even though payment
of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security.
The funds may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or
OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
The
funds generally will be required to distribute dividends to shareholders representing discount on debt securities that
is accrued, even though cash representing such income may not have been received by the fund. Cash to pay such
dividends may be obtained from sales proceeds of securities held by the fund.
A
fund
may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments
may present special tax issues for the fund. US federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues
such as when the fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may
be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated
between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are
taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the funds to the extent necessary in order to seek to ensure that
they distribute sufficient income that they do not become subject to US federal income or excise tax.
Passive
Foreign Investment Companies. If a fund holds shares in “passive
foreign investment companies”
(“PFICs”),
it may be subject to US federal income tax on a portion of any
“excess
distribution”
or gain from the disposition of such shares even if such income
is distributed as a taxable dividend by the fund to its shareholders. Additional charges in
the nature of interest may be imposed on the fund in respect of deferred taxes arising from such distributions or gains.
A
fund may be eligible to elect to treat the PFIC as a “qualified
electing fund”
under the Code, in which case, the fund would generally be required
to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains
of the qualified electing fund, even if not distributed to the fund, and such amounts would be subject to the 90%
and excise tax distribution requirements described above. In order to make this election, the fund would be required
to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to
obtain.
Alternatively,
a fund may make a mark-to-market election that would result in the fund being treated as if it had sold and
repurchased its PFIC stock at the end of each year. In such case, the fund would report any gains resulting from such
deemed sales as ordinary income and would deduct any losses resulting from such deemed sales as ordinary losses
to the extent of previously recognized gains. The election must be made separately for each PFIC owned by the
fund and, once made, would be effective for all subsequent taxable years, unless revoked with the consent of the
IRS. By making the election, the fund could potentially ameliorate the adverse tax consequences with respect to
its ownership of shares in a PFIC, but in any particular year may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions
it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock. A fund may have to distribute this
excess income and gain to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax.
In order to distribute this income and avoid tax at the fund level, a fund might be required to liquidate portfolio securities
that it might otherwise have continued to hold, potentially resulting in additional taxable gain or loss.
A
fund will make the appropriate tax elections, if possible, and take any additional steps that are necessary to mitigate the
effects of these rules.
Reporting.
If a shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to a fund’s
Shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or
$10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement
on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases exempted from this reporting requirement,
but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not exempted. The fact that a loss is reportable under
these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their
individual circumstances.
Other
Taxes. Dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds may also
be subject to additional state, local and non-US taxes depending
on each shareholder’s particular situation.
Taxation
of Non-US Shareholders. Dividends paid by a fund to non-US shareholders
are generally subject to withholding tax at a 30% rate or a reduced
rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty to the extent derived from investment income
and short-term capital gains. Non-US investors considering buying Shares just prior to a distribution should be
aware that, although the price of Shares purchased at that time may reflect the amount of the forthcoming distribution, such
distribution may nevertheless be subject to US withholding tax. In order to obtain a reduced rate of withholding, a
non-US shareholder will be required to provide an applicable IRS Form W-8 certifying its entitlement to benefits under
a treaty. The withholding tax does not apply to regular dividends paid to a non-US shareholder who provides a Form
W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the non-US shareholder’s conduct of a trade or
business within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular US income tax
as if the non-US shareholder were a US shareholder. A non-US corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may
also be subject to additional “branch
profits tax”
imposed at a rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate). A non-US shareholder who
fails to provide an applicable IRS Form W-8 or other applicable form may be subject to back-up withholding at the
appropriate rate.
In
general, US federal withholding tax will not apply to any gain or income realized by a non-US shareholder in respect of
any distributions of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses, or upon the sale or other disposition of
Shares of a fund.
The
Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980 (“FIRPTA”)
makes a non-US person subject to US tax on disposition of a US
real property interest as if such person were a US person. Such gain is sometimes referred to as “FIRPTA
gain”. The
Code provides a look-through rule for distributions of “FIRPTA
gain”
by a RIC if all of the following requirements are met: (i) the
RIC is classified as a “qualified
investment entity”
(which includes a RIC if, in general, more than 50% of the RIC’s
assets consists of interests in US real property); and (ii) you are a non-US shareholder that
owns more than 5% of a fund’s shares at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the distribution. If
these conditions are met, fund distributions to you to the extent derived from gain from the disposition of a US real
property interest (“USRPI”),
may also be treated as USRPI gain and therefore subject to US federal income tax, and
requiring that you file a nonresident US income tax return. Also, such gain may be subject to a 30% branch profits tax
in the hands of a non-US shareholder that is a corporation. Even if a non-US shareholder does not own more than 5%
of a fund’s shares, fund distributions that are attributable to gain from the sale or disposition of a USRPI will be taxable
as ordinary dividends subject to withholding at a 30% or lower treaty rate.
Further,
if a fund is a “US
real property holding corporation,”
any gain realized on the sale or exchange of fund shares by a
foreign shareholder that owns more than 5% of a class of fund shares would generally be taxed in the same manner
as for a US shareholder. A fund will be a “US
real property holding corporation”
if, in general, 50% or more of the fair market value of its assets
consists of US real property interests, including stock of certain US REITs.
Properly
reported dividends received by a nonresident alien or foreign entity are generally exempt from US federal withholding
tax when they (i) are paid in respect of the fund’s “qualified
net interest income”
(generally, the fund’s US source interest income, reduced
by expenses that are allocable to such income), or (ii) are paid with respect to the
fund’s “qualified
short-term capital gains”
(generally, the excess of the fund’s net short-term capital gain over the fund’s
long-term capital loss for such taxable year). However, depending on the circumstances, the fund may report all,
some or none of the fund’s potentially eligible dividends as such qualified net interest income or as qualified short-term capital
gains, and a portion of the fund’s distributions (e.g. interest from non US sources or any foreign currency gains)
would
be ineligible for this potential exemption from withholding. In case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary
may withhold on a payment even if the fund reports the payment as eligible for the exemption from withholding.
In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-US shareholder must have provided appropriate withholding
certificates (e.g., an executed W-8BEN, etc.) certifying foreign status.
Shares
of a fund held by a non-US shareholder at death will be considered situated within the United States and generally
will be subject to the US estate tax.
The
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”)
generally requires a fund to obtain information sufficient to identify the
status of each of its shareholders. If a shareholder fails to provide this information or otherwise fails to comply with
FATCA, a fund may be required to withhold under FATCA at a rate of 30% with respect to that shareholder on fund
dividends and distributions and redemption proceeds. Pursuant to recently proposed regulations, the Treasury Department
has indicated its intent to eliminate the requirements under FATCA of withholding on gross proceeds from
the sale, exchange, maturity or other disposition of relevant financial instruments (including redemption of shares of
a RIC). The Treasury Department has indicated that taxpayers may rely on these proposed regulations pending their finalization.
A fund may disclose the information that it receives from (or concerning) its shareholders to the IRS, non-U.S.
taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA, related intergovernmental agreements or
other applicable law or regulation. Each investor is urged to consult its tax advisor regarding the applicability of FATCA
and any other reporting requirements with respect to the investor’s own situation, including investments through an
intermediary.
Standby
Commitments. A fund may purchase municipal securities together
with the right to resell the securities to the seller at an agreed
upon price or yield within a specified period prior to the maturity date of the securities. Such a
right to resell is commonly known as a “put”
and is also referred to as a “standby
commitment.”
The fund may pay for a standby commitment either in cash or in
the form of a higher price for the securities which are acquired subject to
the standby commitment, thus increasing the cost of securities and reducing the yield otherwise available. Additionally, the
fund may purchase beneficial interests in municipal securities held by trusts, custodial arrangements or partnerships and/or
combined with third- party puts or other types of features such as interest rate swaps; those investments may require
the fund to pay “tender
fees”
or other fees for the various features provided. The IRS has issued a revenue ruling
to the effect that, under specified circumstances, a RIC will be the owner of tax-exempt municipal obligations acquired
subject to a put option. The IRS has also issued private letter rulings to certain taxpayers (which do not serve as
precedent for other taxpayers) to the effect that tax-exempt interest received by a RIC with respect to such obligations will
be tax-exempt in the hands of the company and may be distributed to its shareholders as exempt-interest dividends. The
IRS has subsequently announced that it will not ordinarily issue advance ruling letters as to the identity of the true
owner of property in cases involving the sale of securities or participation interests therein if the purchaser has the
right to cause the security, or the participation interest therein, to be purchased by either the seller or a third-party. The
fund, where relevant, intends to take the position that it is the owner of any municipal obligations acquired subject to
a standby commitment or other third-party put and that tax-exempt interest earned with respect to such municipal obligations
will be tax-exempt in its hands. There is no assurance that the IRS will agree with such position in any particular
case. If the fund is not viewed as the owner of such municipal obligations, it will not be permitted to treat the
exempt interest paid on such obligations as belonging to it. This may affect the fund’s eligibility to pay exempt-interest dividends
to its shareholders. Additionally, the federal income tax treatment of certain other aspects of these investments, including
the treatment of tender fees paid by the fund, in relation to various RIC tax provisions is unclear. However, the
Advisor intends to manage the fund’s portfolio in a manner designed to minimize any adverse impact from the tax
rules applicable to these investments.
As
described herein, in certain circumstances the fund may be required to recognize taxable income or gain even though
no corresponding amounts of cash are received concurrently. The fund may therefore be required to obtain cash
to satisfy its distribution requirements by selling securities at times when it might not otherwise be desirable to
do so or by borrowing the necessary cash, thereby incurring interest expense.
Exempt-interest
dividends. Any dividends paid by the Xtrackers Municipal Infrastructure
Revenue Bond ETF that are reported by the fund as exempt-interest
dividends will not be subject to regular federal income tax. The fund will be
qualified to pay exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders if, at the end of each quarter of the fund’s taxable year,
at least 50% of the total value of the fund’s assets consists of obligations of a state or political subdivision thereof the
interest on which is exempt from federal income tax under Code section 103(a).
Distributions
that the fund reports as exempt-interest dividends are treated as interest excludable from shareholders’ gross
income for federal income tax purposes but may result in liability for federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”)
purposes and
for state and local tax purposes for both individual and corporate shareholders. For example, if the fund invests
in “private
activity bonds,”
certain shareholders may be subject to AMT on the part of the fund’s distributions derived
from interest on such bonds.
Interest
on indebtedness incurred directly or indirectly to purchase or carry shares of the fund will not be deductible to
the extent it is deemed related to exempt-interest dividends paid by the fund. The portion of interest that is not deductible
is equal to the total interest paid or accrued on the indebtedness, multiplied by the percentage of the fund’s total
distributions (not including capital gain dividends) paid to the shareholder that are exempt-interest dividends. Under
rules used by the IRS to determine when borrowed funds are considered incurred for the purpose of purchasing or
carrying particular assets, the purchase of shares may be considered to have been made with borrowed funds even
though such funds are not directly traceable to the purchase of shares. In addition, the Code may require a shareholder
that receives exempt-interest dividends to treat as taxable income a portion of certain otherwise non-taxable social
security and railroad retirement benefit payments. A portion of any exempt-interest dividend paid by the fund that
represents income derived from certain revenue or private activity bonds held by the fund may not retain its tax-exempt
status in the hands of a shareholder who is a “substantial
user”
of a facility financed by such bonds, or a “related
person”
thereof. Moreover, some or all of the exempt-interest dividends distributed by the fund may be a specific
preference item, or a component of an adjustment item, for purposes of the AMT. The receipt of dividends and
distributions from the fund may affect a foreign corporate shareholder’s federal “branch
profits”
tax liability and the federal “excess
net passive income”
tax liability of a shareholder that is a Subchapter S corporation. Shareholders should
consult their own tax advisors as to whether they are (i) “substantial
users”
with respect to a facility or “related”
to such users within the meaning of the Code or (ii) subject
to the AMT, the federal “branch
profits”
tax or the federal “excess
net passive income”
tax. Additionally, any loss realized upon the sale or exchange of fund shares with a tax holding
period of six months or less will be disallowed to the extent of any distributions treated as exempt-interest dividends
with respect to such shares unless the fund declares exempt-interest dividends on a daily basis in an amount equal
to at least 90% of its net tax-exempt interest and distributes such dividends on a monthly or more frequent basis.
Shareholders
that are required to file tax returns are required to report tax-exempt interest income, including exempt-interest dividends,
on their federal income tax returns. The fund will inform shareholders of the federal income tax status of its
distributions after the end of each calendar year, including the amounts, if any, that qualify as exempt-interest dividends and
any portions of such amounts that constitute tax preference items under the AMT. Shareholders who have not held
shares of the fund for a full taxable year may have reported as tax-exempt or as a tax preference item a percentage of
their distributions which is different from the percentage of the fund’s income that was tax-exempt or comprising tax
preference items during the period of their investment in the fund. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors for
more information.
For
taxable years beginning after December 31,2022, exempt interest dividends may affect the corporate alternative minimum
tax for certain corporate shareholders.
PRC
Taxation. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation
of income and gains from investments in A-Shares could result
in unexpected tax liabilities for a fund. China generally imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on
dividends and interest derived by nonresident enterprises (including QFIs) from issuers resident in China. China also
imposes withholding tax at a rate of 10% on capital gains derived by nonresident enterprises from investments in
an issuer resident in China, subject to an exemption or reduction pursuant to domestic law or a double taxation agreement
or arrangement.
Since
the respective inception of Shanghai Connect and Shenzhen Connect, foreign investors (including the funds) investing
in A-Shares listed on the SSE through Shanghai Connect and those listed on the SZSE through Shenzhen Connect
would be temporarily exempt from the PRC corporate income tax and value-added tax on the gains on disposal of
such A-Shares. Dividends would be subject to PRC corporate income tax on a withholding basis at 10%, unless reduced
under a double tax treaty with China upon application to and obtaining approval from the competent tax authority.
Since
November 17, 2014, the corporate income tax for QFIs, with respect to capital gains, has been temporarily lifted.
The withholding tax relating to the realized gains from shares in land-rich companies prior to November 17, 2014 has
been paid by the Xtrackers Harvest ETFs, while realized gains from shares in non-land-rich companies prior to November
17, 2014 were granted by treaty relief pursuant to the PRC-US Double Taxation Agreement. During 2015, revenue
authorities in the PRC made arrangements for the collection of capital gains taxes for investments realized between
November 17, 2009 and November 16, 2014. A fund could be subject to tax liability for any tax payments for
which reserves have not been made or that were not previously withheld. The impact of any such tax liability on a
fund’s return could be substantial. A fund may also be liable to the Advisor or Subadvisor for any tax that is imposed on
the Advisor or Subadvisor by the PRC with respect to the fund’s investments. If a fund’s direct investments in A-Shares
through the Advisor’s or Subadvisor’s QFI license become subject to repatriation restrictions or delays, the fund
may be unable to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs under the Internal Revenue Code, and be subject
to tax at the fund level. In the event such restrictions are imposed, a fund may borrow funds to the extent necessary
to distribute to shareholders income sufficient to maintain the fund’s status as a RIC.
The
current PRC tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof may be revised or amended in the future, potentially retroactively,
including with respect to the possible liability of a fund for the taxation of income and gains from investments in
A-Shares through Stock Connect or obligations of a QFI. The withholding taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains
may in principle be subject to a reduced rate under an applicable tax treaty, but the application of such treaties in
the case of a QFI acting for a foreign investor such as the funds is also uncertain. Finally, it is also unclear whether an
RQFII would also be eligible for BT exemption, which has been granted to QFIIs, with respect to gains derived prior
to May 1, 2016. In practice, the BT has not been collected. However, the imposition of such taxes on a fund could
have a material adverse effect on a fund’s returns. Under the value-added tax regime, BT exemption granted to
QFIIs with respect to gains realized from the trading of PRC marketable securities has been grandfathered (i.e. QFIIs
continue to enjoy exemption on gains under the value-added tax regime). Since May 1, 2016, RQFIIs are exempt from
PRC value added tax, which replaced the PRC Business Tax with respect to gains realized from the disposal of securities,
including A-Shares.
The
PRC rules for taxation of QFIs are evolving and certain tax regulations to be issued by the PRC State Administration of
Taxation and/or PRC Ministry of Finance to clarify the subject matter may apply retrospectively, even if such rules are
adverse to a fund and their shareholders.
If
the PRC begins applying tax rules regarding the taxation of income from A-Shares investments to QFIs and/or begins collecting
capital gains taxes on such investments (whether made through Stock Connect or a QFI), a fund could be subject
to withholding tax liability in excess of the amount reserved (if any). The impact of any such tax liability on a fund’s
return could be substantial. A fund will be liable to the Advisor and/or Subadvisor for any Chinese tax that is imposed
on the Advisor and/or Subadvisor with respect to the fund’s investments.
The
sale or other transfer by the Advisor and/or Subadvisor of A-Shares or B-Shares will be subject to PRC Stamp Duty
at a rate of 0.1% on the transacted value. The Advisor and/or Subadvisor will not be subject to PRC Stamp Duty when
it acquires A-Shares and B-Shares.
It
is also unclear how China’s business tax may apply to activities of a QFI and how such application may be affected by
tax treaty provisions.
The
foregoing discussion is a summary of certain material US federal income tax considerations only and is not
intended as a substitute for careful tax planning. Purchasers of Shares should consult their own tax advisors as
to the tax consequences of investing in such Shares, including under state, local and non-US tax laws.
Finally, the
foregoing discussion is based on applicable provisions of the Code, regulations, judicial authority and
administrative interpretations in effect on the date of this SAI. Changes in applicable authority could materially affect
the conclusions discussed above, and such changes often occur.
Part II:
Appendix II-G—Proxy
Voting Policy and Guidelines
Scope
DWS
investment advisers registered with the Securities and Exchange
Commission
(“DWS”)1
have adopted and implemented
the following Proxy Voting Policy
and Guidelines
–
DWS Americas
(“Policy
and Guidelines”).
The Policy and Guidelines are
reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best economic interest of clients and in
accordance with its fiduciary duties and local regulation. The
Policy and Guidelines apply to DWS when on behalf of
client accounts,
it has taken on the responsibility to vote,
or
provide recommendations relating
to proxies. In addition, DWS’s
proxy policies reflect the fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts.
The
Guidelines attached as Attachment A
represent a set of recommendations that were determined by the
DWS
Proxy Voting Sub-Committee (“the
PVSC”).
These guidelines were developed by the PVSC to
provide DWS with a comprehensive list of recommendations that
represent how DWS will generally vote proxies for its clients. The Guidelines
are closely aligned with,
although not identical to,
those of its proxy voting agent, Institutional
Shareholder Services (“ISS”).
DWS has a fiduciary obligation to vote proxies without considering any relationship that it or its parent or affiliates
may have with an issuer. In addition, the organizational structures
and documents of the various DWS legal entities allow,
where necessary or appropriate, the execution by individual DWS subsidiaries of the proxy voting rights independently
of any parent or affiliated company.
Capitalised
terms have the meaning ascribed to them in the Glossary.
DWS’S
Proxy Voting Responsibilities
Proxy
votes are the property of DWS’s advisory clients.2
As such, DWS’s authority and responsibility to vote such
proxies depend upon its contractual relationships with its clients
or other delegated authority. DWS has delegated responsibility
for effecting its advisory clients’ proxy votes to,
ISS,
an independent third-party proxy voting specialist. ISS analyses
and votes DWS’s advisory clients’ proxies in accordance
with the
Guidelines or DWS’s specific instructions. Where
a client has given specific instructions as to how a proxy should be voted, DWS will notify ISS to carry out those
instructions. Where no specific instruction exists, DWS will follow the procedures in voting the proxies set forth in
this document. Certain Taft-Hartley clients may direct DWS to have ISS vote their proxies in accordance with Taft-Hartley Voting
Guidelines.
Clients
may in certain instances contract with their custodial agent and notify DWS that they wish to engage in securities lending
transactions. In such cases, it is the responsibility of the custodian to deduct the number of shares that are on
loan so that they do not get voted twice.
In
certain circumstances, when a security is on loan through a securities lending program, the portfolio management teams
may not be able to participate in certain proxy votes unless the shares of a particular issuer are recalled in time to
cast the vote. A determination of whether to seek a recall will be based on whether the applicable portfolio management team
determines that the benefit of voting outweighs the costs, lost revenue, and/or other detriments of retrieving the
securities, recognizing that the handling of such recall requests is beyond DWS’s control and may not be satisfied in
time for DWS to vote shares in question.
1
These include DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. (“DIMA”),
DBX Advisors LLC (“DBX”)
and RREEF Americas L.L.C. (“RREEF”)
as well as DWS registered investment advisers based outside of the U.S. who provide services to U.S.
accounts based on delegation from DIMA, DBX or RREEF.
2
For purposes of this document, “clients”
refers to persons or entities: (i) for which DWS serves as investment adviser or
sub-adviser; (ii) for which DWS votes proxies; and (iii) that have an economic or beneficial ownership interest in the
portfolio securities of issuers soliciting such proxies.
POLICIES
Proxy Voting Activities
are Conducted in the Best Economic Interest of Clients
DWS
has adopted the following Policies and Guidelines to ensure that proxies are voted in accordance with the best economic
interest of its clients, as determined by DWS in good faith after appropriate review. DWS believes that responsibility
including environmental, social and governance (“ESG”)
factors, and profitability, complement each other in many respects
and may apply ESG criteria when evaluating shareholder proposals.
DWS
Investment Platform
Portfolio
managers or research analysts in the DWS Investment Platform with appropriate standing (“Portfolio
Management”)3
review recommendations for the U.S. accounts they manage from
ISS on how to vote proxies based on its application of the Guidelines.
Portfolio Management and members of the PVSC may request that the PVSC consider
voting a particular proxy contrary to the Guidelines or recommendations from ISS based on its application of
the Guidelines, if they believe that it may not be in the best economic interests of clients to vote the proxy in accordance
with the Guidelines or ISS recommendations.
3
Portfolio Management also includes portfolio managers from DWS
registered investment advisers based outside the U.S. who provided
services to the U.S. accounts based on a delegation from DIMA, DBX or RREEF.
The
Proxy Voting Sub-Committee
The
PVSC is
an internal working group established by the applicable DWS’s Investment Risk Oversight Committee pursuant
to written Terms of Reference.
The PVSC
is responsible for overseeing DWS’s proxy voting activities, including:
•
Adopting,
monitoring and updating the Guidelines
that provide how DWS will generally vote proxies pertaining to
a comprehensive list of common proxy voting matters;
•
Making
decisions on how to vote proxies where: (i) the issues are not
covered by specific client instruction or the Guidelines; or
(ii) where an exception to the Guidelines may be in the best economic interest of DWS’s clients;
•
Review
recommendations raised by Portfolio Management,
the PVSC and others to vote a particular
proxy contrary to the Guidelines or recommendations from ISS
based on its application of the Guidelines; and
•
Monitoring
Proxy Vendor Oversight’s proxy voting activities (see below).
DWS’s
Proxy Vendor Oversight, a function of DWS’s Operations Group, is responsible for coordinating with ISS to administer
DWS’s proxy voting process and for voting proxies in accordance with any specific client instructions or, if
there are none, the Guidelines, and overseeing ISS’ proxy responsibilities in this regard.
Availability of
Proxy Voting Policies and Proxy Voting Record
Copies
of this Policy and Guidelines,
as it may be updated from time to time
are
made available to clients as required by law and otherwise at
DWS’s discretion. Clients may also obtain information on how their proxies were voted by DWS
as required by law and otherwise at DWS’s discretion. Note, however, that DWS must not selectively disclose its
investment company clients’ proxy voting records. Proxy Vendor Oversight will make proxy voting reports available to
advisory clients upon request. The investment companies’ proxy voting records will be disclosed to shareholders by
means of publicly available annual filings of each company’s
proxy voting record for the 12-month periods ending June 30,
if so required by relevant law.
Procedures
The
key aspects of DWS’s proxy voting process are delineated below.
The
DWS Proxy Voting
Guidelines
The
Guidelines set forth the PVSC’s
standard voting positions on a comprehensive list of common proxy voting matters. The
PVSC
has developed and continues to update the Guidelines based on consideration of current corporate governance principles,
industry standards, client feedback, and the impact of the matter on issuers and the value of the investments.
The
PVSC
will review the Guidelines as necessary to support the best economic interests of DWS’s clients and, in any
event, at least annually. The PVSC
will make changes to the Guidelines, whether as a result of the annual review or
otherwise, taking solely into account the best economic interests of clients. Before changing the Guidelines, the PVSC
will thoroughly review and evaluate the proposed change and the reasons therefore, and the PVSC
Chairperson(s) will
ask PVSC
members whether anyone outside or within
the DWS organization (including
Deutsche Bank and its affiliates) or any entity that identifies
itself as an DWS advisory client has requested or attempted to influence the proposed
change and whether any member has a conflict of interest with respect to the proposed change. If any such
matter is reported to the PVSC Chairperson(s),
the Chairperson(s)
will promptly notify the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee
and will defer the approval, if possible. Lastly, the PVSC
will fully document its rationale for approving any change to
the Guidelines.
The
Guidelines may reflect a voting position that differs from the actual practices of the public company(ies) within the
Deutsche Bank organization or of the investment companies for which DWS or an affiliate serves as investment adviser
or sponsor. Investment companies, particularly closed-end investment companies, are different from traditional operating
companies. These differences may call for differences in the actual practices of the investment company and
the voting positions of the investment company on the same or similar matters. Further, the manner in which DWS
votes proxies on behalf investment company proxies may differ from the voting recommendations made by a DWS-advised
or sponsored investment company soliciting proxies from its shareholders.
Proxy
Voting Recommendations and Decisions Made on a Case-by-Case Basis
Proxy
Vendor Oversight will refer to Portfolio Management and members of the PVSC for review and approval recommendations
from ISS on how to vote proxies. The proxies shall be voted on a case-by-case basis based on its application
of the Guidelines. Portfolio Management and members of PVSC may request that the PVSC consider voting a
particular proxy contrary to the Guidelines or recommendations from ISS based on its application of the Guidelines, if
they believe that it may not be in the best economic interest of clients to vote the proxy in accordance with the Guidelines
or ISS recommendations.
Specific
Proxy Voting Decisions Made by the PVSC
Proxy
Vendor Oversight will refer to the PVSC only
proxy proposals: (i) that are not covered by specific client instructions or
the Guidelines; or (ii) that, in accordance with this Policy
and Guidelines, have
been appealed.
The Proxy Vendor Oversight
team will present to Portfolio Management and members of the PVSC all proposals
voted on a case-by-case basis
in accordance with the Guidelines which will include recommendations from ISS based on its application of the Guidelines
and, in some cases, its benchmark policy, its Socially Responsible Investment “SRI”
Policy on social and sustainability issues, or the Coalition
for Environmentally Responsible Economies (“CERES”)
recommendation on environmental and social matters contained
in the CERES Roadmap 2030.
Portfolio Management may appeal the ISS recommendation if they
believe that it may not be in the best economic interest of the client to vote in accordance with
the ISS recommendation, and such appeal will be referred by the Proxy Vendor Oversight team to the PVSC for consideration.
Additionally,
if Proxy Vendor Oversight, the PVSC
Chairperson(s),
any member of the PVSC
or Portfolio Management
believes that voting a particular proxy in accordance with the
Guidelines may not be in the best economic interests of clients,
that individual may bring the matter to the attention of the PVSC
Chairperson(s) and/or Proxy Vendor Oversight.
If
Proxy Vendor Oversight refers a proxy proposal to the PVSC
or the PVSC
determines that voting a particular proxy in accordance with
the Guidelines is not in the best economic interests of clients, the PVSC
will evaluate and vote the proxy, subject to the procedures below
regarding conflicts.
The
U.S Corporate Governance Center (“CGC”)
may, at the PVSC’s request, provide research and analysis related to issuers,
including with respect to ESG related topics. The CGC will not provide the PVSC with any voting recommendations.
The
PVSC
endeavours to hold meetings to decide how to vote particular proxies sufficiently before the voting deadline so
that the procedures below regarding conflicts can be completed before the PVSC’s
voting determination.
Proxies
that Cannot Be Voted or Instances When DWS Abstains from
Voting
In
some cases, the PVSC
may determine that it is in the best economic interests of its clients not to vote certain proxies,
or that it may not be feasible to vote certain proxies. If the conditions below are met with regard to a proxy proposal,
DWS will abstain from voting:
•
Neither
the Guidelines nor specific client instructions cover an issue;
•
ISS
does not make a recommendation on the issue; and
•
The
PVSC
cannot convene on the proxy proposal at issue to make a determination as to what would be in the client’s
best interest. (This could happen, for example, if the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee found
that there was a material conflict or if despite all best efforts being made, the PVSC
quorum requirement could not be met).
In
addition, it is DWS’s policy not to vote proxies of issuers subject to laws of those jurisdictions that impose restrictions upon
selling shares after proxies are voted, in order to preserve liquidity. In other cases, it may not be possible to vote
certain proxies, despite good faith efforts to do so. For example, some jurisdictions do not provide adequate notice
to shareholders so that proxies may be voted on a timely basis. Voting rights on securities that have been loaned
to third-parties transfer to those third-parties, with loan termination often being the only way to attempt to vote
proxies on the loaned securities. Lastly, the PVSC
may determine that the costs to the client(s) associated with voting
a particular proxy or group of proxies outweighs the economic benefits expected from voting the proxy or group of
proxies.
Proxy
Vendor Oversight will coordinate with the PVSC Chairperson(s)
regarding any specific proxies and any categories of proxies
that will not or cannot be voted. The reasons for not voting any proxy shall be documented.
Conflict of Interest
Procedures
Procedures to Address
Conflicts of Interest and Improper Influence
Overriding
Principle. In the limited circumstances where the PVSC
votes proxies,4
the PVSC
will vote those proxies in accordance with what it, in good faith,
determines to be the best economic interest
of DWS’s clients.5
4
As mentioned above, the PVSC
votes proxies where: (i) neither a specific client instruction nor a Guideline directs how
the proxy should be voted; or (ii) where voting in accordance with the Guidelines may not be in the best economic interests
of clients. Further, the PVSC
will review recommendations for proxies if Portfolio Management
or a member of the PVSC recommends voting contrary to the ISS
recommendation if they believe that it may not be in the best economic
interest of the client to vote in accordance with the
Guidelines or ISS recommendation based on its application of
the Guidelines.
5
Proxy Vendor Oversight, who serves as the non-voting secretary
of the PVSC,
may receive routine calls from proxy solicitors and other parties
interested in a particular proxy vote. Any contact that attempts to exert improper pressure or
influence shall be reported to the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee.
Independence
of the PVSC.
As a matter of Compliance policy, the PVSC
and Proxy Vendor Oversight are structured to be independent from
other parts of Deutsche Bank. Members of the PVSC
and the employee responsible for Proxy Vendor Oversight are employees
of DWS. As such, they may not be subject to the supervision or control of any employees of
Deutsche Bank Corporate and Investment Banking division (“CIB”).
Their compensation cannot be based upon their contribution to
any business activity outside of DWS without prior approval of Legal and Compliance. They can have
no contact with employees of Deutsche Bank outside of DWS regarding specific clients, business matters, or initiatives
without the prior approval of Legal and Compliance. They furthermore may not discuss proxy votes with any
person outside of DWS (and within DWS only on a need-to-know
basis).
Conflict
Review Procedures. The “Conflicts
of Interest Management Sub-Committee”
within DWS monitors for potential material conflicts of interest
in connection with proxy proposals that are to be evaluated by the PVSC.
The Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee members include
DWS Compliance, the chief compliance officers of the advisors
and the DWS Funds. Promptly upon a determination that a proxy vote shall be presented to the PVSC,
the PVSC Chairperson(s)
shall notify the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee. The Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee
shall promptly collect and review any information deemed reasonably appropriate to evaluate, in its reasonable
judgment, if DWS or any person participating in the proxy voting process has, or has the appearance of, a
material conflict of interest. For the purposes of this policy, a conflict of interest shall be considered “material”
to the extent that a reasonable person could expect the conflict
to influence, or appear to influence, the PVSC’s
decision on the particular vote at issue. PVSC
should provide the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee a reasonable amount
of time (no less than 24 hours for the Americas/Europe and 48
hours for APAC) to perform all necessary and appropriate
reviews. To the extent that a conflicts review cannot be sufficiently completed by the Conflicts of Interest Management
Sub-Committee the proxies will be voted in accordance with the standard Guidelines.
The
information considered by the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee may include without limitation information
regarding: (i) DWS client relationships; (ii) any relevant personal conflict known by the Conflicts of Interest Management
Sub-Committee or brought to the attention of that sub-committee; and (iii) any communications with members
of the PVSC
(or anyone participating or providing information to the PVSC)
and any person outside or within
the DWS organization (including
Deutsche Bank and its affiliates) or any entity that identifies itself as an DWS advisory client
regarding the vote at issue. In the context of any determination, the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee may
consult with and shall be entitled to rely upon all applicable outside experts, including legal counsel.
Upon
completion of the investigation, the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee will document its findings and
conclusions. If the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee determines that: (i) DWS has a material conflict
of interest that would prevent it from deciding how to vote the proxies concerned without further client consent; or
(ii) certain individuals should be recused from participating in the proxy vote at issue, the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee
will so inform the PVSC Chairperson(s).
If
notified that DWS has a material conflict of interest as described above, the PVSC
chairperson(s) will obtain instructions as
to how the proxies should be voted either from: (i) if time permits, the affected clients; or (ii) in accordance with the
standard Guidelines. If notified that certain individuals should be recused from the proxy vote at issue, the PVSC
Chairperson(s)
shall do so in accordance with the procedures set forth below.
Note:
Any DWS employee who becomes aware of a potential, material conflict of interest in respect of any proxy vote
to be made on behalf of clients shall notify Compliance or the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee. Compliance
shall call a meeting of the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee to evaluate such conflict and
determine a recommended course of action.
Procedures
to be followed by the PVSC.
At the beginning of any discussion regarding how to vote any proxy, the PVSC
Chairperson(s)
(or
his or her delegate) will inquire as to whether any PVSC
member (whether voting or ex officio) or any person participating
in the proxy voting process has a personal conflict of interest or has knowledge
of an actual or apparent conflict that has not been reported
to the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee.
The
PVSC Chairperson(s)
also will inquire of these same parties whether they have actual knowledge regarding whether any
Director, officer, or employee outside or within
the DWS organization (including
Deutsche Bank and its affiliates) or any entity that identifies
itself as an DWS advisory client, has: (i) requested that DWS, Proxy Vendor Oversight (or any
member thereof), or a PVSC
member vote a particular proxy in a certain manner; (ii) attempted to influence DWS, Proxy
Vendor Oversight (or any member thereof), a PVSC
member or any other person in connection with proxy voting activities;
or (iii) otherwise communicated with a PVSC
member, or any other person participating or providing information to
the PVSC
regarding the particular proxy vote at issue and which incident has not yet been reported to the Conflicts of
Interest Management Sub-Committee.
If
any such incidents are reported to the PVSC Chairperson(s),
the Chairperson(s)
will promptly notify the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee
and, if possible, will delay the vote until the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee
can complete the conflicts report. If a delay is not possible, the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee
will instruct the PVSC
(i) whether anyone should be recused from the proxy voting process or (ii) whether
DWS should vote the proxy in accordance with the standard guidelines, seek instructions as to how to vote the
proxy at issue from ISS or, if time permits, the affected clients. These inquiries and discussions will be properly reflected
in the PVSC’s
minutes.
Duty
to Report. Any DWS employee, including any PVSC
member (whether voting or ex officio), that is aware of any actual
or apparent conflict of interest relevant to, or any attempt by any person outside or
within the DWS organization (including
Deutsche Bank and its affiliates) or any entity that identifies itself as an DWS advisory client to influence how
DWS votes its proxies has a duty to disclose the existence of the situation to the PVSC
Chairperson(s)
(or
his or her designee) and the details of the matter to the Conflicts
of Interest Management Sub-Committee. In the case of any person
participating in the deliberations on a specific vote, such disclosure should be made before engaging in
any activities or participating in any discussion pertaining to that vote.
Recusal
of Members. The PVSC
will recuse from participating in a specific proxy vote any PVSC
members (whether voting or ex officio) and/or any other person
who: (i) are personally involved in a material conflict of interest; or (ii) who,
as determined by the Conflicts of Interest Management Sub-Committee, have actual knowledge of a circumstance or
fact that could affect their independent judgment, in respect of such vote. The PVSC
will also exclude from consideration the views of any person
(whether requested or volunteered) if the PVSC
or any member thereof knows, or if the Conflicts of Interest
Management Sub-Committee has determined, that such other person has a material conflict of interest
with respect to the particular proxy or has attempted to influence the vote in any manner prohibited by these policies.
If,
after excluding all relevant PVSC
voting members pursuant to the paragraph above, there are three or more PVSC
voting members remaining, those remaining PVSC
members will determine how to vote the proxy in accordance with
these Policies and Guidelines. If there are fewer than three PVSC
voting members remaining, the PVSC Chairperson(s)
will vote the proxy in accordance with the standard Guidelines
or will obtain instructions as to how to have the proxy voted
from, if time permits, the affected clients and otherwise from ISS.
Affiliated
Investment Companies,
Rule 12d1-4 and
Affiliated Public Companies
Investment
Companies.
For investment
companies for which DWS or an affiliate serves as investment
adviser or principal underwriter, such proxies are voted in the
same proportion as the vote of all other shareholders (i.e., “mirror”
or “echo”
voting). In addition,
if
a registered investment company (including
an exchange traded fund (“ETF”)
advised by DWS or an affiliate together with DWS advisory clients,
in aggregate,
(i)
hold more than 25% of the outstanding voting
securities of an investment company that is not a registered closed-end fund or business development company, or
(ii)
hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of an investment company that is a registered closed-end fund
or business development company, then DWS will vote its holdings in such registered investment company’s
securities
in the same proportion as the vote of all other holders of such securities (i.e.,
“mirror”
or “echo”
voting) as required by Rule 12d1-4 of the Investment
Company Act of 1940 (the
“1940
Act”).
Master Fund proxies solicited from feeder Funds are voted in
accordance with applicable provisions of Section 12 of 1940 Act.
Affiliated
Public Companies. For proxies solicited by non-investment company
issuers of or within the DWS or Deutsche Bank organization (e.g.,
shares of DWS or Deutsche Bank), these proxies will be voted in the same proportion as the vote
of other shareholders (i.e., “mirror”
or “echo”
voting). In markets where mirror voting is not permitted, DWS will “Abstain”
from voting such shares.
Note:
With respect to affiliated registered investment companies that
invest in the DWS Central Cash Management Government
Fund (registered under the Investment Company Act), the affiliated
registered investment companies are
not required to engage in echo voting with respect to proxies
of the DWS Central Cash Management Government Fund and
the investment adviser will use these Guidelines and may determine, with respect to proxies
of the DWS Central
Cash Management Government Fund, to vote contrary to the positions in the Guidelines, consistent with the Fund’s
best interest.
Other Procedures
that Limit Conflicts of Interest
DWS
and other entities in the Deutsche Bank organization have adopted a number of policies, procedures, and internal controls
that are designed to avoid various conflicts of interest, including those that may arise in connection with proxy
voting, including but not limited to:
•
Code
of Conduct– DB Group;
•
Conflicts
of Interest Policy – DWS Group;
•
Code
of Ethics – DWS Group;
The
PVSC
expects that these policies, procedures, and internal controls will greatly reduce the chance that the PVSC
(or its members) would be involved in, aware of, or influenced
by an actual or apparent conflict of interest.
RECORDKEEPING
At
a minimum, the following records must be properly maintained and readily accessible in order to evidence compliance with
this Policy.
•
DWS
will maintain a record of each proxy vote cast by DWS that includes among other things, company name, meeting
date, proposals presented, vote cast, and shares voted.
•
Proxy
Vendor Oversight maintains records for each of the proxy ballots it votes. Specifically, the records include, but
are not limited to:
−
The
proxy statement (and any additional solicitation materials) and relevant portions of annual statements;
−
Any
additional information considered in the voting process that may be obtained from an issuing company, its
agents, or proxy research firms;
−
Analyst
worksheets created for stock option plan and share increase analyses; and
−
Proxy
Edge print-screen of actual vote election.
•
DWS
will: (i) retain this Policy and the Guidelines; (ii) maintain
records of requests from Portfolio Management and
members of the PVSC to appeal a recommendation on how to vote a proxy;
(iii) maintain minutes of the meeting
of the PVSC;
(iv) maintain records of client requests for proxy voting information;
and (v)
retain any documents Proxy
Vendor Oversight or the PVSC
prepared that were material to making a voting decision or that memorialized the
basis for a proxy voting decision.
•
The
PVSC
also will create and maintain appropriate records documenting its compliance with this Policy, including records
of its deliberations and decisions regarding conflicts of interest and their resolution.
•
With
respect to DWS’s investment company clients, ISS will create and maintain records of each company’s proxy
voting record for the 12-month periods ending June 30. DWS will compile the following information for each
matter relating to a portfolio security considered at any shareholder meeting held during the period covered by
the report (and with respect to which the company was entitled to vote):
−
The
name of the issuer of the portfolio security;
−
The
exchange ticker symbol of the portfolio security (if symbol is available through reasonably practicable means);
−
The
Council on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures (“CUSIP”)
number for the portfolio security (if the number is available
through reasonably practicable means);
−
The
shareholder meeting date;
−
A
brief identification of the matter voted on;
−
Whether
the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a security holder;
−
Whether
the company cast its vote on the matter;
−
How
the company cast its vote (e.g., for or against proposal, or abstain; for or withhold regarding election of
Directors); and
−
Whether
the company cast its vote for or against Management.
Note:
This list is intended to provide guidance only in terms of the records that must be maintained in accordance with
this policy. In addition, please note that records must be maintained in accordance with the Records Management Policy
– Deutsche Bank Group and applicable policies and procedures thereunder.
With
respect to electronically stored records, “properly
maintained”
is defined as complete, authentic (unalterable), usable and backed-up.
At a minimum, records should be retained for a period of not less than six years (or longer, if necessary
to comply with applicable regulatory requirements), the first three years in an appropriate DWS office.
OVERSIGHT RESPONSIBILITIES
Proxy
Vendor Oversight will review a reasonable sampling of votes based
on its procedures on a regular basis to ensure
that ISS has cast the votes in a manner consistent with the Guidelines. Proxy Vendor Oversight will provide the
PVSC
with a quarterly report of its review and identify any issues encountered during the period. Proxy Vendor Oversight
will also perform a post season review once a year on certain proposals to assess whether ISS voted consistent with
the Guidelines.
In
addition, the PVSC
will, in cooperation with Proxy Vendor Oversight and DWS Compliance, consider, on at least an annual
basis, whether ISS has the capacity and competence to adequately analyze the matters for which it is responsible. This
includes whether ISS has effective polices, and methodologies and a review of ISS’s policies and procedures with
respect to conflicts.
The
PVSC
also monitors the proxy voting process by reviewing summary proxy information presented by ISS to determine, among
other things, whether any changes should be made to the Guidelines. This review will take place at least quarterly and
is documented in the PVSC’s
meeting minutes.
ANNUAL REVIEW
The
PVSC,
in cooperation with Proxy Vendor Oversight and DWS Compliance,
will review and document, no less frequently than annually, the
adequacy of the Guidelines, including whether the Guidelines continue to be reasonably designed
to ensure that DWS votes in the best interest of its clients.
GLOSSARY
|
|
|
Decision-making
forum established pursuant to the
“Committee
Governance Policy – Deutsche Bank
Group”
for a specific purpose and an unlimited period
of
time |
|
Council
on Uniform Securities Identification
Procedures
|
|
Any
individual with an employment contract directly
with
a Legal Entity of DB Group |
|
|
|
Investment
Company Act of 1940 |
|
Institutional
Shareholder Services, Inc. |
|
Proxy
Voting Sub-Committee |
Risk
Type Controller (RTC) |
Global
Head of a Risk Control Function; formally
representing
the respective Risk Control Function and
accountable
for designing, implementing and
maintaining
an effective risk type management /
control
and policy framework for all risk types within
their
mandate. |
|
Individual(s)
authorised by the Risk Type Controller to
fulfil
tasks in relation to the respective RTC mandate
including
authorisation of other Units to issue a Policy
or
Procedure regulating the respective risk type |
|
Securities
and Exchange Commission |
|
Refers
to the organisational areas within DB Group,
such
as corporate divisions and infrastructure
functions,
as per the DB Business Allocation Plan. |
LIST
OF ANNEXES AND ATTACHMENTS
Attachment
A – DWS Proxy Voting Guidelines – DWS Americas
Attachment
A
DWS
Proxy
Voting Guidelines – DWS Americas
Effective
March 1, 2022
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
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Voting on Director
Nominees in Contested
Elections
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Proxy
Contests/Proxy Access |
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Other Board Related
Proposals |
|
Adopt
Anti-Hedging/Pledging/Speculative
Investments
Policy |
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Classification/Declassification
of the Board |
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Director
and Officer Indemnification and Liability
Protection
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Establish/Amend
Nominee Qualifications |
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Establish
Other Board Committee Proposals |
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Filling
Vacancies/Removal of Directors |
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Majority
of Independent Directors/
Establishment
of Independent Committees |
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Majority
Vote Standard for the Election of
Directors
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Require
More Nominees than Open Seats |
|
Shareholder
Engagement Policy (Shareholder
Advisory
Committee) |
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Auditor Indemnification
and Limitation of
Liability
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Shareholder Proposals
Limiting Non-Audit
Services
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Shareholder Proposals
on Audit Firm
Rotation
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SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS
& DEFENCES |
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Advance Notice
Requirements for
Shareholder Proposals/Nominations
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Amend Bylaws
without Shareholder
Consent
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Control Share
Acquisition Provisions |
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Control Share
Cash—Out Provisions |
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Shareholder Litigation
Rights Federal Forum
Selection Provisions
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Exclusive Forum
Provisions for State Law
Matters
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Net Operating
Loss (NOL) Protective
Amendments
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Poison Pills
(Shareholder Rights Plans) |
|
Shareholder
Proposals to Put Pill to a Vote and/
or
Adopt a Pill Policy |
|
Management
Proposals to Ratify a Poison Pill |
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Management
Proposals to Ratify a Pill to
Preserve
Net Operating Losses (NOLs) |
|
Proxy
Voting Disclosure, Confidentiality, and
Tabulation
|
|
Ratification
Proposals: Management Proposals
to
Ratify Existing Charter or Bylaw Provisions |
|
Reimbursing
Proxy Solicitation Expenses |
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Reincorporation
Proposals |
|
Shareholder
Ability to Act by Written Consent |
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Shareholder
Ability to Call Special Meetings |
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State
Antitakeover Statutes |
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Supermajority
Vote Requirements |
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Virtual
Shareholder Meetings |
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Adjustments
to Par Value of Common Stock |
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Common
Stock Authorization |
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General
Authorization Requests |
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Specific
Authorization Requests |
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Issue
Stock for Use with Rights Plan |
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Preferred
Stock Authorization |
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General
Authorization Requests |
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Specific
Authorization Requests |
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Share
Repurchase Programs |
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Share
Repurchase Programs Shareholder
Proposals
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Stock
Distributions: Splits and Dividends |
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Corporate
Reorganization/Debt Restructuring/
Prepackaged
Bankruptcy Plans/Reverse
Leveraged
Buyouts/Wrap Plans |
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Formation
of Holding Company |
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Going
Private and Going Dark Transactions
(LBOs
and Minority Squeeze-outs) |
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Private
Placements/Warrants/Convertible
Debentures
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Reorganization/Restructuring
Plan (Bankruptcy) |
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Special
Purpose Acquisition Corporations
(SPACs)
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Special
Purpose Acquisition Corporations
(SPACs)
- Proposals for Extensions |
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Value
Maximization Shareholder Proposals |
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Advisory
Votes on Executive Compensation—
Management
Proposals (Say-on-Pay) |
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Frequency
of Advisory Vote on Executive
Compensation
(“Say
When on Pay”)
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Voting
on Golden Parachutes in an Acquisition,
Merger,
Consolidation, or Proposed Sale |
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Equity-Based
and Other Incentive Plans |
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Further
Information on certain EPSC Factors: |
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Liberal
Change in Control Definition |
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Problematic
Pay Practices or Significant Pay-for-
Performance
Disconnect |
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Amending
Cash and Equity Plans (including
Approval
for Tax Deductibility (162(m)) |
|
Specific
Treatment of Certain Award Types in
Equity
Plan Evaluations |
|
Dividend
Equivalent Rights |
|
Operating
Partnership (OP) Units in Equity Plan
Analysis
of Real Estate Investment Trusts
(REITs)
|
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401(k)
Employee Benefit Plans |
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Employee
Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) |
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Employee
Stock Purchase Plans—Qualified
Plans
|
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Employee
Stock Purchase Plans—Non-Qualified
Plans
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Option
Exchange Programs/Repricing Options |
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Stock
Plans in Lieu of Cash |
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Transfer
Stock Option (TSO) Programs |
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Shareholder
Ratification of Director Pay
Programs
|
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Equity
Plans for Non-Employee Directors |
|
Non-Employee
Director Retirement Plans |
|
Shareholder Proposals
on Compensation |
|
Bonus
Banking/Bonus Banking “Plus”
|
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Compensation
Consultants—Disclosure of
Board
or Company’s Utilization |
|
Disclosure/Setting
Levels or Types of
Compensation
for Executives and Directors |
|
Golden
Coffins/Executive Death Benefits |
|
Hold
Equity Past Retirement or for a Significant
Period
of Time |
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Pay
for Performance/Performance-Based
Awards
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Pay
for Superior Performance |
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Pre-Arranged
Trading Plans (10b5-1 Plans) |
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Prohibit
Outside CEOs from Serving on
Compensation
Committees |
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Recoupment
of Incentive or Stock
Compensation
in Specified Circumstances |
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Severance
Agreements for Executives/Golden
Parachutes
|
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Share
Buyback Impact on Incentive Program
Metrics
|
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Supplemental
Executive Retirement Plans
(SERPs)
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Termination
of Employment Prior to Severance
Payment/Eliminating
Accelerated Vesting of
Unvested
Equity |
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Amend Quorum
Requirements |
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Change Date,
Time, or Location of Annual
Meeting
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SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ISSUES |
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Endorsement of
Principles |
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Genetically
Modified Ingredients |
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Reports
on Potentially Controversial Business/
Financial
Practices |
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Pharmaceutical
Pricing, Access to Medicines,
and
Prescription Drug Reimportation |
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Product
Safety and Toxic/Hazardous Materials |
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Tobacco-Related
Proposals |
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Climate
(SoC) Management Proposals |
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Climate
(SoC) Shareholder Proposals |
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Climate
Change/Greenhouse Gas (GHG)
Emissions
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Gender
Identity, Sexual Orientation, and
Domestic
Partner Benefits |
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Gender,
Race / Ethnicity Pay Gap |
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Racial
Equity and/or Civil Rights Audit
Guidelines
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Environment and
Sustainability |
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Facility
and Workplace Safety |
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General
Environmental Proposals and
Community
Impact Assessments |
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Operations
in Protected Areas |
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Data
Security, Privacy, and Internet Issues |
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Environmental,
Social, and Governance (ESG)
Compensation-Related
Proposals |
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Human Rights,
Human Capital Management,
and International
Operations |
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Operations
in High Risk Markets |
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Weapons
and Military Sales |
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REGISTERED INVESTMENT
COMPANY
PROXIES
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Closed End Fund
- Unilateral Opt-In to
Control Share
Acquisition Statutes |
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Converting Closed-end
Fund to Open-end
Fund
|
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Investment Advisory
Agreements |
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Approving New
Classes or Series of Shares |
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Preferred Stock
Proposals |
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Changing a Fundamental
Restriction to a
Nonfundamental
Restriction |
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Change Fundamental
Investment Objective
to Nonfundamental
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Change in Fund's
Subclassification |
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Business Development
Companies—
Authorization
to Sell Shares of Common
Stock at a Price
below Net Asset Value |
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Disposition of
Assets/Termination/
Liquidation
|
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Changes to the
Charter Document |
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Changing the
Domicile of a Fund |
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Authorizing the
Board to Hire and Terminate
Subadvisers Without
Shareholder Approval |
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Shareholder Proposals
for Mutual Funds |
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Establish
Director Ownership Requirement |
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Reimburse
Shareholder for Expenses Incurred |
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Terminate
the Investment Advisor |
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INTERNATIONAL
PROXY VOTING |
|
|
NOTE:
Because of the unique oversight structure and regulatory scheme applicable to closed-end and open-end investment companies,
except as otherwise noted, these voting guidelines are not applicable to holdings of shares of closed-end and
open-end investment companies (except Real Estate Investment Trusts).
In
voting proxies that are noted case-by-case, DWS will vote such
proxies based on recommendations from ISS based on its application
of the Guidelines.
BOARD
OF DIRECTORS
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for director nominees, except under the following circumstances (with new nominees6
considered on case-by-case basis):
Independence
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against7
or withhold from non-independent directors when (See Appendix
1 for Classification of Directors):
•
Independent
directors comprise 50 percent or less of the board;
•
The
non-independent director serves on the audit, compensation, or nominating committee;
•
The
company lacks an audit, compensation, or nominating committee so that the full board functions as that committee;
or
•
The
company lacks a formal nominating committee, even if the board attests that the independent directors fulfill the
functions of such a committee.
6
A “new
nominee”
is a director who is being presented for election by shareholders for the first time. Recommendations on
new nominees who have served for less than one year are made on a case-by-case basis depending on the timing of
their appointment and the problematic governance issue in question.
7
In general, companies with a plurality vote standard use “Withhold”
as the contrary vote option in director elections; companies
with a majority vote standard use “Against”.
However, it will vary by company and the proxy must be checked to
determine the valid contrary vote option for the particular company.
Composition
Attendance
at Board and Committee Meetings: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against or withhold from directors (except
nominees who served only part of the fiscal year8)
who attend less than 75 percent of the aggregate of their board
and committee meetings for the period for which they served, unless an acceptable reason for absences is disclosed
in the proxy or another SEC filing. Acceptable reasons for director absences are generally limited to the following:
•
Medical
issues/illness;
•
Family
emergencies; and
•
Missing
only one meeting (when the total of all meetings is three or fewer).
8
Nominees who served for only part of the fiscal year are generally exempted from the attendance policy.
In
cases of chronic poor attendance without reasonable justification, in addition to voting against the director(s) with poor
attendance, generally vote against or withhold from appropriate members of the nominating/governance committees or
the full board.
If
the proxy disclosure is unclear and insufficient to determine whether a director attended at least 75 percent of the aggregate
of his/her board and committee meetings during his/her period of service, vote against or withhold from the
director(s) in question.
Overboarded Directors:
DWS’s policy is to generally vote against or withhold from
individual directors who:
•
Sit
on more than five public company boards; or
•
Are
CEOs of public companies who sit on the boards of more than two public companies besides their own—withhold only
at their outside boards9
9
Although all of a CEO’s subsidiary boards with publicly-traded common stock will be counted as separate boards, DWS
will not recommend a withhold vote for the CEO of a parent company board or any of the controlled (˃50 percent ownership)
subsidiaries of that parent but may do so at subsidiaries that are less than 50 percent controlled and boards outside
the parent/subsidiary relationships.
Gender
Diversity: For companies in the Russell 3000 or S&P 1500
indices, DWS’s policy is to generally vote against or withhold
from the chair of the nominating committee (or other directors on a case-by-case basis) at companies where
there are no women on the company's board. An exception will be made if there was a woman on the board at
the preceding annual meeting and the board makes a firm commitment to return to a gender-diverse status within a
year.
This
policy will also
apply for companies not in the Russell 3000 and
S&P1500
indices, effective for meetings on or
after Feb.
1, 2023.
Racial
and/or Ethnic Diversity: For companies in the Russell 3000 or
S&P 1500 indices,
•
generally
vote against or withhold from the chair of the nominating committee (or other directors on a case-by-case basis)
where the board has no apparent racially or ethnically diverse members.10
An exception will be made if (i) there was racial and/or ethnic
diversity on the board at the preceding annual meeting and the board makes a firm
commitment to appoint at least one racial and/or ethnic diverse member within a year; or (ii) there are no new
nominees proposed for election to the board.
10
Aggregate diversity statistics provided by the board will only
be considered if specific to racial and/or ethnic diversity.
Responsiveness
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on individual directors, committee members, or the entire board of directors
as appropriate if:
•
The
board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received the support of a majority of the shares cast in the previous
year or failed to act on a management proposal seeking to ratify an existing charter/bylaw provision that received
opposition of a majority of the shares cast in the previous year. Factors that will be considered are:
•
Disclosed
outreach efforts by the board to shareholders in the wake of the vote;
•
Rationale
provided in the proxy statement for the level of implementation;
•
The
subject matter of the proposal;
•
The
level of support for and opposition to the resolution in past meetings;
•
Actions
taken by the board in response to the majority vote and its engagement with shareholders;
•
The
continuation of the underlying issue as a voting item on the ballot (as either shareholder or management proposals);
and
•
Other
factors as appropriate.
•
The
board failed to act on takeover offers where the majority of shares are tendered;
•
At
the previous board election, any director received more than 50 percent withhold/against votes of the shares cast
and the company has failed to address the issue(s) that caused the high withhold/against vote.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on Compensation Committee members (or, in exceptional cases, the full
board) and the Say on Pay proposal if:
•
The
company’s previous say-on-pay received the support of less than 70 percent of votes cast. Factors that will be
considered are:
The
company's response, including:
•
Disclosure
of engagement efforts with major institutional investors, including the frequency and timing of engagements and
the company participants (including whether independent directors participated);
•
Disclosure
of the specific concerns voiced by dissenting shareholders that led to the say-on-pay opposition;
•
Disclosure
of specific and meaningful actions taken to address shareholders' concerns;
•
Other
recent compensation actions taken by the company;
•
Whether
the issues raised are recurring or isolated;
•
The
company's ownership structure; and
•
Whether
the support level was less than 50 percent, which would warrant the highest degree of responsiveness.
•
The
board implements an advisory vote on executive compensation on a less frequent basis than the frequency that
received the plurality of votes cast.
Accountability
Problematic Takeover
Defenses/Governance Structure
Poison
Pills: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against or withhold
from all nominees (except new nominees5,
who should be considered case-by-case) if:
•
The
company has a poison pill that was not approved by shareholders11.
However, vote case-by-case on nominees if the board adopts an
initial pill with a term of one year or less, depending on the disclosed rationale for the adoption,
and other factors as relevant (such as a commitment to put any renewal to a shareholder vote);
•
The
board makes a material adverse modification to an existing pill, including, but not limited to, extension, renewal, or
lowering the trigger, without shareholder approval; or
•
The
pill, whether short-term12
or long-term, has a deadhand or slowhand feature.
11
Public shareholders only, approval prior to a company’s becoming public is insufficient.
12
If the short-term pill with a deadhand or slowhand feature is enacted but expires before the next shareholder vote, DWS
will generally still vote withhold or against nominees at the next shareholder meeting following its adoption.
Classified
Board Structure: The board is classified, and a continuing director
responsible for a problematic governance issue at the board/committee
level that would warrant a withhold / against vote recommendation is not up for election. All
appropriate nominees (except new) may be held accountable.
Removal
of Shareholder Discretion on Classified Boards: The company has
opted into, or failed to opt out of, state laws requiring a classified
board structure.
Director
Performance Evaluation: The board lacks mechanisms to promote
accountability and oversight, coupled with sustained poor performance
relative to peers. Sustained poor performance is measured by one-, three-, and five-year
total shareholder returns in the bottom half of a company’s four-digit GICS industry group (Russell 3000 companies only).
Take into consideration the company’s operational metrics and other factors as warranted.
Problematic
provisions include but are not limited to:
•
A
classified board structure;
•
A
supermajority vote requirement;
•
Either
a plurality vote standard in uncontested director elections, or a majority vote standard in contested elections;
•
The
inability of shareholders to call special meetings;
•
The
inability of shareholders to act by written consent;
•
A
multi-class capital structure; and/or
•
A
non-shareholder-approved poison pill.
Unilateral
Bylaw/Charter Amendments and Problematic Capital Structures:
DWS’s policy is to generally vote against or withhold from
directors individually, committee members, or the entire board (except new nominees5,
who should be considered case-by-case) if the board amends the
company's bylaws or charter without shareholder approval in a
manner that materially diminishes shareholders' rights or that could adversely impact shareholders, considering the
following factors:
•
The
board's rationale for adopting the bylaw/charter amendment without shareholder ratification;
•
Disclosure
by the company of any significant engagement with shareholders regarding the amendment;
•
The
level of impairment of shareholders' rights caused by the board's unilateral amendment to the bylaws/charter;
•
The
board's track record with regard to unilateral board action on bylaw/charter amendments or other entrenchment provisions;
•
The
company's ownership structure;
•
The
company's existing governance provisions;
•
The
timing of the board's amendment to the bylaws/charter in connection with a significant business development; and
•
Other
factors, as deemed appropriate, that may be relevant to determine the impact of the amendment on shareholders.
Unless
the adverse amendment is reversed or submitted to a binding shareholder vote, in subsequent years vote case-by-case
on director nominees. DWS’s policy is to generally vote against (except new nominees, who should be considered
case-by-case) if the directors:
•
Adopted
supermajority vote requirements to amend the bylaws or charter; or
•
Eliminated
shareholders' ability to amend bylaws.
Unequal
Voting Rights
Problematic
Capital Structure - Newly Public Companies: For 2022,
for newly
public companies13,
DWS’s policy is to generally vote against or withhold from
the entire board (except new nominees5,
who should be considered case-by-case) if, prior to or in connection
with the company's public offering, the company or its board implemented a
multi-class capital structure in which the classes have unequal voting rights without subjecting the multi-class capital structure
to a reasonable time-based sunset. In assessing the reasonableness of a time-based sunset provision, consideration will
be given to the company’s lifespan, its post-IPO ownership structure and the board’s disclosed rationale for the sunset
period selected. No sunset period of more than seven years from the date of the IPO will be considered to be
reasonable.
Continue
to vote against or withhold from incumbent directors in subsequent years, unless the problematic capital structure
is reversed,
removed
or subject to a newly added reasonable sunset.
13
Newly-public companies generally include companies that emerge
from bankruptcy, SPAC transactions, spin-offs, direct listings,
and those who complete a traditional initial public offering.
Common
Stock Capital Structure with Unequal Voting Rights: Starting
Feb.1, 2023,
generally vote withhold or against directors individually, committee
members, or the entire board (except new nominees, who should be considered (case-by-case),
if the company employs a common stock structure with unequal voting rights14.
14
This generally includes classes of common stock that have additional
votes per share than other shares; classes that are not entitled
to vote on all the same ballot items or nominees; or stock with time-phased voting rights (“loyalty
shares”)
Exceptions
to this policy will generally be limited to:
•
Newly-public
companies with a sunset provision of no more than seven years from the date of going public;
•
Limited
Partnerships and the Operating Partnership (OP) unit structure of REITs;
•
Situations
where the unequal voting rights are considered de minimis; or
•
The
company provides sufficient protections for minority shareholders, such as allowing minority shareholders a
regular binding vote on whether the capital structure should be maintained.
Problematic
Governance Structure - Newly Public Companies: For newly public
companies12,
DWS’s policy is to generally vote against or withhold from
directors individually, committee members, or the entire board (except new nominees5,
who should be considered case-by-case) if, prior to or in connection with the company's public offering, the
company or its board adopted the following bylaw or charter provisions that are considered to be materially adverse to
shareholder rights:
•
Supermajority
vote requirements to amend the bylaws or charter;
•
A
classified board structure; or
•
Other
egregious provisions.
A
reasonable sunset provision will be considered a mitigating factor.
Unless
the adverse provision is reversed or removed, vote case-by-case on director nominees in subsequent years.
Management
Proposals to Ratify Existing Charter or Bylaw Provisions: DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against/withhold from individual
directors, members of the governance committee, or the full board, where boards ask shareholders to
ratify existing charter or bylaw provisions considering the following factors:
•
The
presence of a shareholder proposal addressing the same issue on the same ballot;
•
The
board's rationale for seeking ratification;
•
Disclosure
of actions to be taken by the board should the ratification proposal fail;
•
Disclosure
of shareholder engagement regarding the board’s ratification request;
•
The
level of impairment to shareholders' rights caused by the existing provision;
•
The
history of management and shareholder proposals on the provision at the company’s past meetings;
•
Whether
the current provision was adopted in response to the shareholder proposal;
•
The
company's ownership structure; and
•
Previous
use of ratification proposals to exclude shareholder proposals.
Restrictions on
Shareholders’ Rights
Restricting
Binding Shareholder Proposals: DWS’s policy is to generally
vote against or withhold from the members of the governance committee
if:
•
The
company’s governing documents impose undue restrictions on shareholders’ ability to amend the bylaws.
Such
restrictions include but are not limited to: outright prohibition on the submission of binding shareholder proposals or
share ownership requirements, subject matter restrictions, or time holding requirements in excess of SEC Rule 14a-8.
Vote against or withhold on an ongoing basis.
Submission
of management proposals to approve or ratify requirements in excess of SEC Rule 14a-8 for the submission of
binding bylaw amendments will generally be viewed as an insufficient restoration of shareholders' rights. DWS’s policy
is to generally continue to vote against or withhold on an ongoing basis until shareholders are provided with an
unfettered ability to amend the bylaws or a proposal providing for such unfettered right is submitted for shareholder approval.
Problematic Audit-Related
Practices
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against or withhold from the members of the Audit Committee if:
•
The
non-audit fees paid to the auditor are excessive;
•
The
company receives an adverse opinion on the company’s financial statements from its auditor; or
•
There
is persuasive evidence that the Audit Committee entered into an inappropriate indemnification agreement with
its auditor that limits the ability of the company, or its shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against
the audit firm.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on members of the Audit Committee and potentially the full board if:
•
Poor
accounting practices are identified that rise to a level of serious concern, such as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP;
and material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures. Examine the severity, breadth, chronological sequence,
and duration, as well as the company’s efforts at remediation or corrective actions, in determining whether
withhold/against votes are warranted.
Problematic Compensation
Practices
In
the absence of an Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say on Pay) ballot item or in egregious situations, DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against or withhold from the members of the Compensation Committee and potentially the
full board if:
•
There
is an unmitigated misalignment between CEO pay and company performance (pay for performance);
•
The
company maintains significant problematic pay practices; or
•
The
board exhibits a significant level of poor communication and responsiveness to shareholders.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against or withhold from the Compensation Committee chair, other committee members, or
potentially the full board if:
•
The
company fails to include a Say on Pay ballot item when required under SEC provisions, or under the company’s declared
frequency of say on pay; or
•
The
company fails to include a Frequency of Say on Pay ballot item when required under SEC provisions.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against members of the board committee responsible for approving/setting non-employee director
compensation if there is a pattern (i.e. two or more years) of awarding excessive non-employee director compensation without
disclosing a compelling rationale or other mitigating factors.
Problematic
Pledging of Company Stock
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against the members of the committee that oversees risks related to pledging, or the
full board, where a significant level of pledged company stock by executives or directors raises concerns.
The
following factors will be considered:
•
The
presence of an anti-pledging policy, disclosed in the proxy statement, that prohibits future pledging activity;
•
The
magnitude of aggregate pledged shares in terms of total common shares outstanding, market value, and trading
volume;
•
Disclosure
of progress or lack thereof in reducing the magnitude of aggregate pledged shares over time;
•
Disclosure
in the proxy statement that shares subject to stock ownership and holding requirements do not include pledged
company stock; and
•
Any
other relevant factors.
Climate
Accountability
For
companies that are significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters, through their operations or value chain15,
DWS’s policy is to generally vote against or withhold from
the incumbent chair of the responsible committee (or other directors on
a case-by-case basis) in cases where DWS determines that the company is not taking the minimum steps needed to
understand, assess and mitigate the risks related to climate change to the company and the larger economy which may
lead to regulatory risks.
For
2022, minimum steps to understand and mitigate those risks are considered to be the following. Both minimum criteria
will be required to be in compliance:
•
Detailed
disclosure of climate-related risks, such as according to the framework established by the Task Force on
Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), including:
Board
governance measures;
Corporate
strategy;
Risk
management analyses; and
Metrics
and targets.
•
Appropriate
GHG emissions reduction targets.
For
2022, “appropriate
GHG emissions reduction targets”
will be any well-defined GHG reduction targets. Targets for Scope
3 emissions will not be required for 2022 but the targets should cover at least a significant portion of the company’s
direct emissions. Expectations about what constitutes “minimum
steps to mitigate risks related to climate change”
will increase over time.
15
For 2022, companies defined as “significant
GHG emitters”
will be those on the current Climate Action 100+ Focus Group
list.
Governance Failures
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on directors individually, committee members, or the entire board, due
to:
•
Material
failures of governance, stewardship, risk oversight16,
or fiduciary responsibilities at the company, including failures
to adequately manage or mitigate environmental, social and governance (ESG) risks;
•
Failure
to replace management as appropriate; or
•
Egregious
actions related to a director’s service on other boards that raise substantial doubt about his or her ability
to effectively oversee management and serve the best interests of shareholders at any company.
16
Examples of failure of risk oversight include but are not limited
to: bribery; large or serial fines or sanctions from regulatory
bodies; demonstrably poor oversight of environmental and social issues, including climate change; significant adverse
legal judgments or settlement; or hedging of company stock.
Voting on Director
Nominees in Contested Elections
Vote-No Campaigns
General
Recommendation: In cases where companies are targeted in connection
with public “vote-no”
campaigns, evaluate director nominees under the existing governance
policies for voting on director nominees in uncontested elections.
Take into consideration the arguments submitted by shareholders and other publicly available information.
Proxy Contests/Proxy
Access
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on the election of directors in contested elections, considering
the following factors:
•
Long-term
financial performance of the company relative to its industry;
•
Management’s
track record;
•
Background
to the contested election;
•
Nominee
qualifications and any compensatory arrangements;
•
Strategic
plan of dissident slate and quality of the critique against management;
•
Likelihood
that the proposed goals and objectives can be achieved (both slates); and
•
Stock
ownership positions.
In
the case of candidates nominated pursuant to proxy access, DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case considering any
applicable factors listed above or additional factors which may be relevant, including those that are specific to the
company, to the nominee(s) and/or to the nature of the election (such as whether there are more candidates than board
seats).
Other Board-Related
Proposals
Adopt Anti-Hedging/Pledging/Speculative
Investments Policy
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
seeking a policy that prohibits named executive officers from
engaging in derivative or speculative transactions involving company stock, including hedging, holding
stock in a margin account, or pledging stock as collateral for a loan. However, the company’s existing policies regarding
responsible use of company stock will be considered.
Board Refreshment
DWS
believes Board refreshment is best implemented through an ongoing program of individual director evaluations, conducted
annually, to ensure the evolving needs of the board are met and to bring in fresh perspectives, skills, and diversity
as needed.
Term/Tenure Limits
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on management proposals regarding director term/tenure limits,
considering:
•
The
rationale provided for adoption of the term/tenure limit;
•
The
robustness of the company’s board evaluation process;
•
Whether
the limit is of sufficient length to allow for a broad range of director tenures;
•
Whether
the limit would disadvantage independent directors compared to non-independent directors; and
•
Whether
the board will impose the limit evenly, and not have the ability to waive it in a discriminatory manner.
Vote
case-by-case on shareholder proposals asking for the company to adopt director term/tenure limits, considering:
•
The
scope of the shareholder proposal; and
•
Evidence
of problematic issues at the company combined with, or exacerbated by, a lack of board refreshment.
Age Limits
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
management and shareholder proposals to limit the tenure of independent
directors through mandatory retirement ages. DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
to remove mandatory age limits.
Board Size
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
seeking to fix the board size or designate a range for the board
size. DWS’s policy is to generally vote against proposals that give management the ability to alter
the size of the board outside of a specified range without shareholder approval.
Classification/Declassification
of the Board
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to vote against proposals
to classify (stagger) the board. Vote for proposals to repeal
classified boards and to elect all directors annually.
CEO Succession
Planning
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
seeking disclosure on a CEO succession planning policy, considering,
at a minimum, the following factors:
•
The
reasonableness/scope of the request; and
•
The
company’s existing disclosure on its current CEO succession planning process.
Cumulative Voting
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
management proposals to eliminate cumulate voting, and for shareholder
proposals to restore or provide for cumulative voting, unless:
•
The
company has proxy access17,
thereby allowing shareholders to nominate directors to the company’s ballot; and
•
The
company has adopted a majority vote standard, with a carve-out for plurality voting in situations where there are
more nominees than seats, and a director resignation policy to address failed elections.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for proposals for cumulative voting at controlled companies (insider voting power ˃ 50%).
17
A proxy access right that meets the recommended guidelines.
Director and Officer
Indemnification and Liability Protection
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals on director and officer indemnification and liability
protection.
Vote
against proposals that would:
•
Eliminate
entirely directors' and officers' liability for monetary damages for violating the duty of care.
•
Expand
coverage beyond just legal expenses to liability for acts that are more serious violations of fiduciary obligation than
mere carelessness.
•
Expand
the scope of indemnification to provide for mandatory indemnification of company officials in connection with
acts that previously the company was permitted to provide indemnification for, at the discretion of the company's board
(i.e., “permissive
indemnification”),
but that previously the company was not required to indemnify.
Vote
for only those proposals providing such expanded coverage in cases when a director’s or officer’s legal defense was
unsuccessful if both of the following apply:
•
If
the director was found to have acted in good faith and in a manner that s/he reasonably believed was in the best
interests of the company; and
•
If
only the director’s legal expenses would be covered.
Establish/Amend
Nominee Qualifications
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals that establish or amend director qualifications.
Votes should be based on the reasonableness of the criteria and the degree to which they may preclude
dissident nominees from joining the board.
Vote
case-by-case on shareholder resolutions seeking a director nominee who possesses a particular subject matter expertise,
considering:
•
The
company’s board committee structure, existing subject matter expertise, and board nomination provisions relative
to that of its peers;
•
The
company’s existing board and management oversight mechanisms regarding the issue for which board oversight is
sought;
•
The
company’s disclosure and performance relating to the issue for which board oversight is sought and any significant
related controversies; and
•
The
scope and structure of the proposal.
Establish Other
Board Committee Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
shareholder proposals to establish a new board committee, as
such proposals seek a specific oversight mechanism/structure that potentially limits a company’s flexibility to
determine an appropriate oversight mechanism for itself. However, the following factors will be considered:
•
Existing
oversight mechanisms (including current committee structure) regarding the issue for which board oversight is
sought;
•
Level
of disclosure regarding the issue for which board oversight is sought;
•
Company
performance related to the issue for which board oversight is sought;
•
Board
committee structure compared to that of other companies in its industry sector; and
•
The
scope and structure of the proposal.
Filling Vacancies/Removal
of Directors
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals that provide that directors may be removed only for
cause.
Vote
for proposals to restore shareholders’ ability to remove directors with or without cause.
Vote
against proposals that provide that only continuing directors may elect replacements to fill board vacancies. Vote for
proposals that permit shareholders to elect directors to fill board vacancies.
Independent Board
Chair
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for shareholder
proposals requiring that the board chair position be filled by
an independent director, taking into consideration the following:
•
The
scope and rationale of the proposal;
•
The
company's current board leadership structure;
•
The
company's governance structure and practices;
•
Company
performance; and
•
Any
other relevant factors that may be applicable.
The
following factors will increase the likelihood of a “for”
recommendation:
•
A
majority non-independent board and/or the presence of non-independent directors on key board committees;
•
A
weak or poorly defined lead independent director role that fails
to serve as an appropriate counterbalance to a combined CEO/chair
role;
•
The
presence of an executive or non-independent chair in addition to the CEO, a recent recombination of the role of
CEO and chair, and/or departure from a structure with an independent chair;
•
Evidence
that the board has failed to oversee and address material risks facing the company;
•
A
material governance failure, particularly if the board has failed to adequately respond to shareholder concerns or
if the board has materially diminished shareholder rights; or
•
Evidence
that the board has failed to intervene when management’s interests are contrary to shareholders' interests.
Majority of Independent
Directors/Establishment of Independent Committees
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for shareholder
proposals asking that a majority or more of directors be independent
unless the board composition already meets the proposed threshold by ISS’ definition of
Independent Director.
Vote
for shareholder proposals asking that board audit, compensation, and/or nominating committees be composed exclusively
of independent directors unless they currently meet that standard.
Majority Vote Standard
for the Election of Directors
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for management
proposals to adopt a majority of votes cast standard for directors
in uncontested elections. Vote against if no carve-out for a plurality vote standard in contested elections
is included.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for precatory and binding shareholder resolutions requesting that the board change the
company’s bylaws to stipulate that directors need to be elected with an affirmative majority of votes cast, provided it
does not conflict with the state law where the company is incorporated. Binding resolutions need to allow for a carve-out
for a plurality vote standard when there are more nominees than board seats.
Companies
are strongly encouraged to also adopt a post-election policy (also known as a director resignation policy) that
will provide guidelines so that the company will promptly address the situation of a holdover director.
Proxy Access
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for management
and shareholder proposals for proxy access with the following
provisions:
•
Ownership
threshold: maximum requirement not more than three percent (3%)
of the voting power;
•
Ownership
duration: maximum requirement not longer than three (3) years
of continuous ownership for each member of the nominating group;
•
Aggregation:
minimal or no limits on the number of shareholders permitted to form a nominating group;
•
Cap:
cap on nominees of generally twenty-five percent (25%) of the board.
Review
for reasonableness any other restrictions on the right of proxy access. Generally vote against proposals that are
more restrictive than these guidelines.
Require More Nominees
than Open Seats
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
shareholder proposals that would require a company to nominate
more candidates than the number of open board seats.
Shareholder Engagement
Policy (Shareholder Advisory Committee)
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for shareholder
proposals requesting that the board establish an internal mechanism/process,
which may include a committee, in order to improve communications between directors
and shareholders, unless the company has the following features, as appropriate:
•
Established
a communication structure that goes beyond the exchange requirements to facilitate the exchange of
information between shareholders and members of the board;
•
Effectively
disclosed information with respect to this structure to its shareholders;
•
Company
has not ignored majority-supported shareholder proposals or a majority withhold vote on a director nominee;
and
•
The
company has an independent chair or a lead director, according to ISS’ definition. This individual must be made
available for periodic consultation and direct communication with major shareholders.
AUDIT-RELATED
Auditor Indemnification
and Limitation of Liability
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on the issue of auditor indemnification and limitation of liability.
Factors to be assessed include, but are not limited to:
•
The
terms of the auditor agreement—the degree to which these agreements impact shareholders' rights;
•
The
motivation and rationale for establishing the agreements;
•
The
quality of the company’s disclosure; and
•
The
company’s historical practices in the audit area.
Vote
against or withhold from members of an audit committee in situations where there is persuasive evidence that the
audit committee entered into an inappropriate indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of the
company, or its shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against the audit firm.
Auditor Ratification
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
to ratify auditors unless any of the following apply:
•
An
auditor has a financial interest in or association with the company, and is therefore not independent;
•
There
is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion that is neither accurate nor indicative of
the company’s financial position;
•
Poor
accounting practices are identified that rise to a serious level of concern, such as fraud or misapplication of GAAP;
or
•
Fees
for non-audit services (“Other”
fees) are excessive.
Non-audit
fees are excessive if:
•
Non-audit
(“other”)
fees ˃ audit fees + audit-related fees + tax compliance/preparation fees
Tax
compliance and preparation include the preparation of original and amended tax returns and refund claims, and tax
payment planning. All other services in the tax category, such as tax advice, planning, or consulting, should be added
to “Other”
fees. If the breakout of tax fees cannot be determined, add all tax fees to “Other”
fees.
In
circumstances where “Other”
fees include fees related to significant one-time capital structure events (such as initial
public offerings, bankruptcy emergence, and spin-offs) and the company makes public disclosure of the amount and
nature of those fees that are an exception to the standard “non-audit
fee”
category, then such fees may be excluded from the non-audit fees
considered in determining the ratio of non-audit to audit/audit-related fees/tax compliance and
preparation for purposes of determining whether non-audit fees are excessive.
Shareholder Proposals
Limiting Non-Audit Services
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on shareholder proposals asking companies to prohibit or limit
their auditors from engaging in non-audit services, taking into
account:
•
The
company’s stated rationale for using its auditor to provide the non-audit services;
•
Relationships
between directors/executives and the audit firm; and
•
The
presence of other accounting issues (material weaknesses, restatements, non-timely filings (Ks and Qs).
Shareholder Proposals
on Audit Firm Rotation
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on shareholder proposals asking for audit firm rotation, taking
into account:
•
The
tenure of the audit firm;
•
The
length of rotation specified in the proposal;
•
Any
significant audit-related issues at the company;
•
The
number of Audit Committee meetings held each year;
•
The
number of financial experts serving on the committee; and
•
Whether
the company has a periodic renewal process where the auditor is evaluated for both audit quality and competitive
price.
SHAREHOLDER
RIGHTS & DEFENSES
Advance Notice
Requirements for Shareholder Proposals/Nominations
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on advance notice proposals, giving support to those proposals
which allow shareholders to submit proposals/nominations as close to the meeting date as reasonably possible
and within the broadest window possible, recognizing the need to allow sufficient notice for company, regulatory, and
shareholder review.
To
be reasonable, the company’s deadline for shareholder notice of a proposal/nominations must be no earlier than 120
days prior to the anniversary of the previous year’s meeting
and have a submittal window of no shorter than 30 days from the
beginning of the notice period. The submittal window is the period under which shareholders must file their
proposals/nominations prior to the deadline.
In
general, support additional efforts by companies to ensure full disclosure in regard to a proponent’s economic and voting
position in the company so long as the informational requirements are reasonable and aimed at providing shareholders with
the necessary information to review such proposals.
Amend Bylaws without
Shareholder Consent
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals giving the board exclusive authority to amend the bylaws.
Vote
case-by-case on proposals giving the board the ability to amend the bylaws in addition to shareholders, taking into
account the following:
•
Any
impediments to shareholders' ability to amend the bylaws (i.e. supermajority voting requirements);
•
The
company's ownership structure and historical voting turnout;
•
Whether
the board could amend bylaws adopted by shareholders; and
•
Whether
shareholders would retain the ability to ratify any board-initiated amendments.
Control Share Acquisition
Provisions
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
to opt out of control share acquisition statutes unless doing
so would enable the completion of a takeover that would be detrimental to shareholders.
Vote
against proposals to amend the charter to include control share acquisition provisions. Vote for proposals to restore voting
rights to the control shares.
Control
share acquisition statutes function by denying shares their voting rights when they contribute to ownership in
excess of certain thresholds. Voting rights for those shares exceeding ownership limits may only be restored by approval
of either a majority or supermajority of disinterested shares. Thus, control share acquisition statutes effectively require
a hostile bidder to put its offer to a shareholder vote or risk voting disenfranchisement if the bidder continues buying
up a large block of shares.
Control Share Cash—Out
Provisions
General Recommendation:
DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals to opt out of control share cash-out statutes.
Control
share cash-out statutes give dissident shareholders the right to “cash-out”
of their position in a company at the expense of the shareholder
who has taken a control position. In other words, when an investor crosses a preset threshold
level, remaining shareholders are given the right to sell their shares to the acquirer, who must buy them at the
highest acquiring price.
Disgorgement Provisions
General Recommendation:
DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals to opt out of state disgorgement provisions.
Disgorgement
provisions require an acquirer or potential acquirer of more than a certain percentage of a company's stock
to disgorge, or pay back, to the company any profits realized from the sale of that company's stock purchased 24
months before achieving control status. All sales of company stock by the acquirer occurring within a certain period of
time (between 18 months and 24 months) prior to the investor's gaining control status are subject to these recapture-of-profits
provisions.
Fair Price Provisions
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to adopt fair price provisions (provisions that
stipulate that an acquirer must pay the same price to acquire all shares as it paid to acquire the control shares),
evaluating factors such as the vote required to approve the proposed acquisition, the vote required to repeal the
fair price provision, and the mechanism for determining the fair price.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against fair price provisions with shareholder vote requirements greater than a majority of
disinterested shares.
Freeze-Out Provisions
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
to opt out of state freeze-out provisions. Freeze-out provisions
force an investor who surpasses a certain ownership threshold in a company to wait a specified period
of time before gaining control of the company.
Greenmail
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
to adopt anti-greenmail charter or bylaw amendments or otherwise
restrict a company’s ability to make greenmail payments.
Vote
case-by-case on anti-greenmail proposals when they are bundled with other charter or bylaw amendments.
Greenmail
payments are targeted share repurchases by management of company stock from individuals or groups seeking
control of the company. Since only the hostile party receives payment, usually at a substantial premium over the
market value of its shares, the practice discriminates against all other shareholders.
Shareholder
Litigation Rights
Federal
Forum Selection Provisions
Federal
forum selection provisions require that U.S federal courts be the sole forum for shareholders to litigate claims arising
under federal securities law.
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for federal
forum selection provisions in the charter or bylaws that specify
“the
district courts of the United States”
as the exclusive forum for federal securities law matters, in
the absence of serious concerns about corporate governance or board responsiveness to shareholders.
Vote
against provisions that restrict the forum to a particular federal district court; unilateral adoption (without a shareholder vote)
of such a provision will generally be considered a one-time failure under the Unilateral Bylaw/Charter Amendments policy.
Exclusive Forum
Provisions for State Law Matters
Exclusive
forum provisions in the charter or bylaws restrict shareholders’ ability to bring derivative lawsuits against the
company, for claims arising out of state corporate law, to the courts of a particular state (generally the state of incorporation).
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for charter
or bylaw provisions that specify courts located within the state
of Delaware as the exclusive forum for corporate law matters for Delaware corporations, in the absence of
serious concerns about corporate governance or board responsiveness to shareholders.
For
states other than Delaware, vote case-by-case on exclusive forum provisions, taking into consideration:
•
The
company's stated rationale for adopting such a provision;
•
Disclosure
of past harm from duplicative shareholder lawsuits in more than one forum;
•
The
breadth of application of the charter or bylaw provision, including the types of lawsuits to which it would apply
and the definition of key terms; and
•
Governance
features such as shareholders' ability to repeal the provision at a later date (including the vote standard applied
when shareholders attempt to amend the charter or bylaws) and their ability to hold directors accountable through
annual director elections and a majority vote standard in uncontested elections.
Generally
vote against provisions that specify a state other than the state of incorporation as the exclusive forum for corporate
law matters, or that specify a particular local court within the state; unilateral adoption of such provision will
generally be considered a one-time failure under the Unilateral Bylaw/Charter Amendments policy.
Fee shifting
Fee-shifting
provisions in the charter or bylaws require that a shareholder who sues a company unsuccessfully pay all
litigation expenses of the defendant corporation and its directors and officers.
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
provisions that mandate fee-shifting whenever plaintiffs are
not completely successful on the merits (i.e. including cases where the plaintiffs are partially successful).
Unilateral
adoption of a fee-shifting provision will generally be considered an ongoing failure under the Unilateral Bylaw/Charter Amendments
policy.
Net Operating Loss
(NOL) Protective Amendments
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals to adopt a protective amendment for the stated purpose
of protecting a company's net operating losses (NOL) if the effective term of the protective amendment
would exceed the shorter of three years and the exhaustion of the NOL.
Vote
case-by-case, considering the following factors, for management proposals to adopt an NOL protective amendment that
would remain in effect for the shorter of three years (or less) and the exhaustion of the NOL:
•
The
ownership threshold (NOL protective amendments generally prohibit stock ownership transfers that would result
in a new 5-percent holder or increase the stock ownership percentage of an existing 5-percent holder);
•
Shareholder
protection mechanisms (sunset provision or commitment to cause expiration of the protective amendment upon
exhaustion or expiration of the NOL);
•
The
company's existing governance structure including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, track record
of responsiveness to shareholders, and any other problematic governance concerns; and
•
Any
other factors that may be applicable.
Poison Pills (Shareholder
Rights Plans)
Shareholder Proposals
to Put Pill to a Vote and/or Adopt a Pill Policy
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for shareholder
proposals requesting that the company submit its poison pill
to a shareholder vote or redeem it unless the company has: (1) A shareholder-approved poison pill
in place; or (2) The company has adopted a policy concerning the adoption of a pill in the future specifying that the board
will only adopt a shareholder rights plan if either:
•
Shareholders
have approved the adoption of the plan; or
•
The
board, in its exercise of its fiduciary responsibilities, determines that it is in the best interest of shareholders under
the circumstances to adopt a pill without the delay in adoption that would result from seeking stockholder approval
(i.e., the “fiduciary
out”
provision). A poison pill adopted under this fiduciary out will be put to a shareholder ratification
vote within 12 months of adoption or expire. If the pill is not approved by a majority of the votes cast on
this issue, the plan will immediately terminate.
If
the shareholder proposal calls for a time period of less than 12 months for shareholder ratification after adoption, DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for the proposal, but add the caveat that a vote within 12 months would be considered sufficient
implementation.
Management Proposals
to Ratify a Poison Pill
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on management proposals on poison pill ratification, focusing
on the features of the shareholder rights plan. Rights plans should contain the following attributes:
•
No
lower than a 20 percent trigger, flip-in or flip-over;
•
A
term of no more than three years;
•
No
deadhand, slowhand, no-hand, or similar feature that limits the ability of a future board to redeem the pill;
•
Shareholder
redemption feature (qualifying offer clause); if the board refuses to redeem the pill 90 days after a qualifying
offer is announced, 10 percent of the shares may call a special meeting or seek a written consent to vote
on rescinding the pill.
In
addition, the rationale for adopting the pill should be thoroughly explained by the company. In examining the request for
the pill, take into consideration the company’s existing governance structure, including: board independence, existing takeover
defenses, and any problematic governance concerns.
Management Proposals
to Ratify a Pill to Preserve Net Operating Losses (NOLs)
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals to adopt a poison pill for the stated purpose of protecting
a company's net operating losses (NOL) if the term of the pill would exceed the shorter of three
years and the exhaustion of the NOL.
DWS’s
policy is to vote case-by-case on management proposals for poison pill ratification, considering the following factors,
if the term of the pill would be the shorter of three years (or less) and the exhaustion of the NOL:
•
The
ownership threshold to transfer (NOL pills generally have a trigger slightly below 5 percent);
•
Shareholder
protection mechanisms (sunset provision, or commitment to cause expiration of the pill upon exhaustion or
expiration of NOLs);
•
The
company's existing governance structure including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, track record
of responsiveness to shareholders, and any other problematic governance concerns; and
•
Any
other factors that may be applicable.
Proxy Voting Disclosure,
Confidentiality, and Tabulation
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals regarding proxy voting mechanics, taking into consideration
whether implementation of the proposal is likely to enhance or protect shareholder rights. Specific
issues covered under the policy include, but are not limited to, confidential voting of individual proxies and ballots,
confidentiality of running vote tallies, and the treatment of abstentions and/or broker non-votes in the company's vote-counting
methodology.
While
a variety of factors may be considered in each analysis, the guiding principles are: transparency, consistency, and
fairness in the proxy voting process. The factors considered, as applicable to the proposal, may include:
•
The
scope and structure of the proposal;
•
The
company's stated confidential voting policy (or other relevant policies) and whether it ensures a “level
playing field”
by providing shareholder proponents with equal access to vote information prior to the annual meeting;
•
The
company's vote standard for management and shareholder proposals and whether it ensures consistency and
fairness in the proxy voting process and maintains the integrity of vote results;
•
Whether
the company's disclosure regarding its vote counting method and other relevant voting policies with respect
to management and shareholder proposals are consistent and clear;
•
Any
recent controversies or concerns related to the company's proxy voting mechanics;
•
Any
unintended consequences resulting from implementation of the proposal; and
•
Any
other factors that may be relevant.
Ratification Proposals:
Management Proposals to Ratify Existing Charter or Bylaw Provisions
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
management proposals to ratify provisions of the company’s
existing charter or bylaws, unless these governance provisions align with best practice.
In
addition, voting against/withhold from individual directors, members of the governance committee, or the full board may
be warranted, considering:
•
The
presence of a shareholder proposal addressing the same issue on the same ballot;
•
The
board's rationale for seeking ratification;
•
Disclosure
of actions to be taken by the board should the ratification proposal fail;
•
Disclosure
of shareholder engagement regarding the board’s ratification request;
•
The
level of impairment to shareholders' rights caused by the existing provision;
•
The
history of management and shareholder proposals on the provision at the company’s past meetings;
•
Whether
the current provision was adopted in response to the shareholder proposal;
•
The
company's ownership structure; and
•
Previous
use of ratification proposals to exclude shareholder proposals.
Reimbursing Proxy
Solicitation Expenses
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses.
When
voting in conjunction with support of a dissident slate, vote for the reimbursement of all appropriate proxy solicitation
expenses associated with the election.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for shareholder proposals calling for the reimbursement of reasonable costs incurred in
connection with nominating one or more candidates in a contested election where the following apply:
•
The
election of fewer than 50 percent of the directors to be elected is contested in the election;
•
One
or more of the dissident’s candidates is elected;
•
Shareholders
are not permitted to cumulate their votes for directors; and
The
election occurred, and the expenses were incurred, after the adoption of this bylaw.
Reincorporation
Proposals
General
Recommendation: Management or shareholder proposals to change
a company's state of incorporation should be evaluated case-by-case,
giving consideration to both financial and corporate governance concerns including the
following:
•
Reasons
for reincorporation;
•
Comparison
of company's governance practices and provisions prior to and following the reincorporation; and
•
Comparison
of corporation laws of original state and destination state.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for reincorporation when the economic factors outweigh any neutral or negative governance
changes.
Shareholder Ability
to Act by Written Consent
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
management and shareholder proposals to restrict or prohibit
shareholders' ability to act by written consent.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for management and shareholder proposals that provide shareholders with the ability to
act by written consent, taking into account the following factors:
•
Shareholders'
current right to act by written consent;
•
The
inclusion of exclusionary or prohibitive language;
•
Investor
ownership structure; and
•
Shareholder
support of, and management's response to, previous shareholder proposals.
DWS’s
policy is to vote case-by-case on shareholder proposals if, in addition to the considerations above, the company has
the following governance and antitakeover provisions:
•
An
unfettered18
right for shareholders to call special meetings at a 10 percent threshold;
•
A
majority vote standard in uncontested director elections;
•
No
non-shareholder-approved pill; and
•
An
annually elected board.
18
“Unfettered”
means no restrictions on agenda items, no restrictions on the number of shareholders who can group together
to reach the 10 percent threshold, and only reasonable limits on when a meeting can be called: no greater than
30 days after the last annual meeting and no greater than 90 prior to the next annual meeting.
Shareholder Ability
to Call Special Meetings
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
management or shareholder proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholders’
ability to call special meetings.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for management or shareholder proposals that provide shareholders with the ability to
call special meetings taking into account the following factors:
•
Shareholders’
current right to call special meetings;
•
Minimum
ownership threshold necessary to call special meetings (10 percent preferred);
•
The
inclusion of exclusionary or prohibitive language;
•
Investor
ownership structure; and
•
Shareholder
support of, and management’s response to, previous shareholder proposals.
Stakeholder Provisions
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals that ask the board to consider non-shareholder constituencies
or other non-financial effects when evaluating a merger or business combination.
State Antitakeover
Statutes
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to vote case-by-case on proposals to opt in or out of state takeover statutes (including
fair price provisions, stakeholder laws, poison pill endorsements, severance pay and labor contract provisions, and
anti-greenmail provisions).
Supermajority Vote
Requirements
General Recommendation:
DWS’s policy is to vote against proposals to require a supermajority shareholder vote.
•
Vote
for management or shareholder proposals to reduce supermajority vote requirements. However, for companies with
shareholder(s) who have significant ownership levels, vote case-by-case, taking into account:
•
Quorum
requirements; and
Virtual Shareholder
Meetings
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for management
proposals allowing for the convening of shareholder meetings
by electronic means, so long as they do not preclude in-person meetings. Companies are encouraged
to disclose the circumstances under which virtual-only19
meetings would be held, and to allow for comparable rights and
opportunities for shareholders to participate electronically as they would have during an in-person meeting.
19
Virtual-only shareholder meeting” refers to a meeting of
shareholders that is held exclusively using technology without
a corresponding in-person meeting.
Vote
case-by-case on shareholder proposals concerning virtual-only meetings, considering:
•
Scope
and rationale of the proposal; and
•
Concerns
identified with the company’s prior meeting practices.
CAPITAL
/ RESTRUCTURING
Capital
Adjustments to
Par Value of Common Stock
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to vote for management
proposals to reduce the par value of common stock unless the
action is being taken to facilitate an anti-takeover device or some other negative corporate governance action.
Vote
for management proposals to eliminate par value.
Common Stock Authorization
General
Authorization Requests
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to vote
case-by-case on
proposals to increase the number of authorized shares of common
stock that are to be used for general corporate purposes:
•
if
share usage (outstanding plus reserved) is less than 50% of the current authorized shares, vote for an increase of
up to 50% of current authorized shares
•
If
share usage is 50% to 100% of the current authorized, vote for an increase of up to 100% of current authorized shares.
•
If
share usage is greater than current authorized shares, vote for an increase of up to the current share usage.
•
In
the case of a stock split, the allowable increase is calculated (per above) based on the post-split adjusted authorization.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against proposed increases, even if within the above ratios, if the proposal or the company’s
prior or ongoing use of authorized shares is problematic, including, but not limited to:
•
The
proposal seeks to increase the number of authorized shares of
the class of common stock that has superior voting rights
to other share classes;
•
On
the same ballot is a proposal for a reverse split
for which support is warranted despite the fact that it
would result in an excessive increase in the share authorization;
•
The
company has a non-shareholder
approved poison pill (including an NOL pill); or
•
The
company has previous sizeable placements
(within the past 3 years)
of stock with insiders at prices substantially below
market value, or with problematic voting rights, without shareholder
approval.
However,
generally
vote for proposed increases beyond the above ratios or problematic situations when there is disclosure
of specific and severe risks to shareholders of not approving
the request,
such
as:
•
In,
or subsequent to, the company’s most recent 10-k filing, the company discloses that there is substantial doubt about
its ability to continue as a going concern;
•
The
company states that there is a risk of imminent bankruptcy or imminent liquidation if shareholders do not approve
the increase in authorized capital; or
•
A
government body has in the past year required the company to increase capital ratios.
For
companies incorporated in states that allow increases in authorized capital without shareholder approval, DWS’s policy
is to generally vote withhold or against all nominees if a unilateral capital authorization increase does not conform to
the above policies.
Specific
Authorization Requests
General
Recommendation:
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for proposals to increase the number of authorized common shares
where the primary purpose of the increase is to issue shares in connection with transaction(s)
(such
as acquisitions, SPAC
transactions,
private placements,
or similar transactions) on the same ballot, or disclosed in
the proxy statement, that warrant support.
For such transactions, the allowable increase will be the greater of:
•
twice
the amount needed to support the transactions on the ballot, and
•
the
allowable increase as calculated for general issuances above.
Dual Class Structure
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals to create a new class of common stock unless:
•
The
company discloses a compelling rationale for the dual-class capital structure, such as:
•
The
company's auditor has concluded that there is substantial doubt about the company's ability to continue as a
going concern; or
•
The
new class of shares will be transitory;
•
The
new class is intended for financing purposes with minimal or no dilution to current shareholders in both the short
term and long term; and
•
The
new class is not designed to preserve or increase the voting power of an insider or significant shareholder.
Issue Stock for
Use with Rights Plan
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals that increase authorized common stock for the explicit
purpose of implementing a non-shareholder-approved shareholder rights plan (poison pill).
Preemptive Rights
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on shareholder proposals that seek preemptive rights, taking
into consideration:
•
The
size of the company;
•
The
shareholder base; and
•
The
liquidity of the stock.
Preferred Stock
Authorization
General
Authorization
Requests
General
Recommendation:
DWS’s policy is to vote case-by-case
on proposals to increase the number of authorized shares
of preferred stock that are
to be used for general corporate purposes:
•
If
share usage (outstanding plus reserved) is less than 50% of the current authorized shares, vote for an increase of
up to 50% of current authorized shares.
•
If
share usage is 50% to 100% of the current authorized, vote for an increase up to 100% of current authorized shares.
•
If
share usage is greater than current authorized shares, vote for an increase of up to the current share usage.
•
In
the case of a stock split, the allowable increase is calculated (per above) based on the post-split adjusted authorization.
•
If
no preferred shares are currently issued and outstanding, vote against the request, unless the company discloses a
specific use for the shares.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against proposed increases, even if within the above ratios, if the proposal or the company’s
prior or ongoing use of authorized shares is problematic, including, but not limited to:
•
If
the shares requested are blank check preferred shares that can be used for antitakeover purposes20;
•
The
company seeks to increase a class of non-convertible preferred shares entitled to more than one vote per share
on matters that do not solely affect the rights of preferred stockholders “supervoting
shares”);
•
The
company seeks to increase a class of convertible preferred shares
entitled to a number of votes greater than
the number of common
shares into which they are convertible (“supervoting
shares”)
on
matters that do
not solely
affect the rights
of preferred stockholders;
•
The
stated intent of the increase in the general authorization is to allow the company to increase an existing designated
class of supervoting preferred shares;
•
On
the same ballot is a proposal for a reverse split for which support is warranted despite the fact that it would result
in an excessive increase in the share authorization;
•
The
company has a non-shareholder approved poison pill (including NOL pill); or
•
The
company has previous sizeable placements
(within
the past 3 years)
of stock with insiders at prices substantially below market value,
or with problematic voting rights, without shareholder approval.
20
To be acceptable,
appropriate disclosure would be needed that the shares are
“declawed”;
i.e.,
representation by the
board that it will not, without prior stockholder approval,
issue or use the preferred stock for any defensive or anti-takeover
purpose or for the purpose of implementing any stockholder rights plan.
However,
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for proposed increases beyond the above ratios or problematic situations when
there is disclosure of specific and severe risks to shareholders
of not approving the request, such as:
•
In,
or subsequent to, the company’s most recent 10-k filing, the company discloses that there is substantial doubt about
its ability to continue as a going concern;
•
The
company states that there is a risk of imminent bankruptcy or imminent liquidation if shareholders do not approve
the increase in authorized capital; or
•
A
government body has in the past year required the company to increase capital ratios.
For
companies incorporated in states that allow increases in authorized capital without shareholder approval, DWS’s policy
is to generally vote withhold or against all nominees if a unilateral capital authorization increase does not conform to
the above policies.
Specific
Authorization Requests
General
Recommendation:
DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals to increase
the number of authorized preferred shares where the primary purpose
of the increase is to issue shares in connection with transaction(s)
(such as
acquisitions, SPAC
transactions, private placements, or similar transactions) on
the same ballot,
or disclosed in the proxy
statement,
that warrant support.
For such transactions,
the allowable increase will be the greater of:
•
twice
the amount needed to support the transactions on the ballot, and
•
the
allowable increase as calculated for general issuances above.
Recapitalization
Plans
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on recapitalizations (reclassifications of securities), taking
into account the following:
•
More
simplified capital structure;
•
Fairness
of conversion terms;
•
Impact
on voting power and dividends;
•
Reasons
for the reclassification;
•
Conflicts
of interest; and
•
Other
alternatives considered.
Reverse Stock Splits
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for management
proposals to implement a reverse stock split if:
•
The
number of authorized shares will be proportionately reduced; or
•
The
effective increase in authorized shares is equal to or less than the allowable increase calculated in accordance with
ISS' Common Stock Authorization policy.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals that do not meet either of the above conditions, taking into
consideration the following factors:
•
Stock
exchange notification to the company of a potential delisting;
•
Disclosure
of substantial doubt about the company's ability to continue as a going concern without additional financing;
•
The
company's rationale; or
•
Other
factors as applicable.
Share Repurchase
Programs
General
Recommendation: For U.S.-incorporated companies, and foreign-incorporated
U.S. Domestic Issuers that are traded solely on U.S. exchanges,
DWS’s policy is to generally vote for management proposals to institute open-market share
repurchase plans in which all shareholders may participate on equal terms, or to grant the board authority to conduct
open-market repurchases, in the absence of company-specific concerns regarding:
•
The
use of buybacks to inappropriately manipulate incentive compensation metrics,
•
Threats
to the company's long-term viability, or
•
Other
company-specific factors as warranted.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals to repurchase shares directly from specified shareholders, balancing
the stated rationale against the possibility for the repurchase authority to be misused, such as to repurchase shares
from insiders at a premium to market price.
Share Repurchase
Programs Shareholder Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
shareholder proposals prohibiting executives from selling shares
of company stock during periods in which the company has announced that it may or will be repurchasing
shares of its stock. Vote for the proposal when there is a pattern of abuse by executives exercising options or
selling shares during periods of share buybacks.
Stock Distributions:
Splits and Dividends
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for management
proposals to increase the common share authorization for stock
split or stock dividend, provided that the effective increase in authorized shares is equal to
or is less than the allowable increase calculated in accordance with ISS' Common Stock Authorization policy.
Tracking Stock
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on the creation of tracking stock, weighing the strategic value
of the transaction against such factors as:
•
Adverse
governance changes;
•
Excessive
increases in authorized capital stock;
•
Unfair
method of distribution;
•
Diminution
of voting rights;
•
Adverse
conversion features;
•
Negative
impact on stock option plans; and
•
Alternatives
such as spin-off.
Restructuring
Appraisal Rights
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
to restore or provide shareholders with rights of appraisal.
Asset Purchases
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on asset purchase proposals, considering the following factors:
•
Financial
and strategic benefits;
•
How
the deal was negotiated;
•
Other
alternatives for the business;
Asset Sales
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on asset sales, considering the following factors:
•
Impact
on the balance sheet/working capital;
•
Potential
elimination of diseconomies;
•
Anticipated
financial and operating benefits;
•
Anticipated
use of funds;
•
Value
received for the asset;
•
How
the deal was negotiated;
Bundled Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on bundled or “conditional”
proxy proposals. In the case of items that are conditioned upon
each other, examine the benefits and costs of the packaged items. In instances
when the joint effect of the conditioned items is not in shareholders’ best interests, vote against the proposals. If
the combined effect is positive, support such proposals.
Conversion of Securities
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals regarding conversion of securities. When evaluating
these proposals, the investor should review the dilution to existing shareholders, the conversion
price relative to market value, financial issues, control issues, termination penalties, and conflicts of interest.
DWS’s
policy is to vote for the conversion if it is expected that the company will be subject to onerous penalties or will
be forced to file for bankruptcy if the transaction is not approved.
Corporate Reorganization/Debt
Restructuring/Prepackaged Bankruptcy Plans/Reverse Leveraged Buyouts/Wrap Plans
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to increase common and/or preferred shares and to
issue shares as part of a debt restructuring plan, after evaluating:
•
Dilution
to existing shareholders' positions;
•
Terms
of the offer - discount/premium in purchase price to investor, including any fairness opinion; termination penalties;
exit strategy;
•
Financial
issues - company's financial situation; degree of need for capital; use of proceeds; effect of the financing on
the company's cost of capital;
•
Management's
efforts to pursue other alternatives;
•
Control
issues - change in management; change in control, guaranteed board and committee seats; standstill provisions;
voting agreements; veto power over certain corporate actions; and
•
Conflict
of interest - arm's length transaction, managerial incentives.
Vote
for the debt restructuring if it is expected that the company will file for bankruptcy if the transaction is not approved.
Formation of Holding
Company
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals regarding the formation of a holding company, taking
into consideration the following:
•
The
reasons for the change;
•
Any
financial or tax benefits;
•
Increases
in capital structure; and
•
Changes
to the articles of incorporation or bylaws of the company.
Absent
compelling financial reasons to recommend for the transaction, vote against the formation of a holding company if
the transaction would include either of the following:
•
Increases
in common or preferred stock in excess of the allowable maximum (see discussion under “Capital”);
or
•
Adverse
changes in shareholder rights.
Going Private and
Going Dark Transactions (LBOs and Minority Squeeze-outs)
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on going private transactions, taking into account the following:
•
How
the deal was negotiated;
•
Other
alternatives/offers considered; and
DWS’s
policy is to vote case-by-case on going dark transactions, determining whether the transaction enhances shareholder value
by taking into consideration:
•
Whether
the company has attained benefits from being publicly-traded (examination of trading volume, liquidity, and
market research of the stock);
•
Balanced
interests of continuing vs. cashed-out shareholders, taking into account the following:
•
Are
all shareholders able to participate in the transaction?
•
Will
there be a liquid market for remaining shareholders following the transaction?
•
Does
the company have strong corporate governance?
•
Will
insiders reap the gains of control following the proposed transaction?
•
Does
the state of incorporation have laws requiring continued reporting that may benefit shareholders?
Joint Ventures
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to form joint ventures, taking into account the
following:
•
Percentage
of assets/business contributed;
•
Financial
and strategic benefits;
•
Other
alternatives; and
Liquidations
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on liquidations, taking into account the following:
•
Management’s
efforts to pursue other alternatives;
•
Appraisal
value of assets; and
•
The
compensation plan for executives managing the liquidation.
DWS’s
policy is to vote for the liquidation if the company will file for bankruptcy if the proposal is not approved.
Mergers and Acquisitions
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on mergers and acquisitions. Review and evaluate the merits and
drawbacks of the proposed transaction, balancing various and sometimes countervailing factors including:
•
Valuation
- Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness
opinion may provide an initial starting point for assessing valuation reasonableness, emphasis is placed on
the offer premium, market reaction, and strategic rationale.
•
Market
reaction - How has the market responded to the proposed deal?
A negative market reaction should cause closer scrutiny of a
deal.
•
Strategic
rationale - Does the deal make sense strategically? From where
is the value derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be
overly aggressive or optimistic, but reasonably achievable. Management should also have
a favorable track record of successful integration of historical acquisitions.
•
Negotiations
and process - Were the terms of the transaction negotiated at
arm's-length? Was the process fair and equitable? A fair process
helps to ensure the best price for shareholders. Significant negotiation “wins”
can also signify the deal makers' competency. The comprehensiveness
of the sales process (e.g., full auction, partial auction, no
auction) can also affect shareholder value.
•
Conflicts
of interest - Are insiders benefiting from the transaction disproportionately
and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders?
As the result of potential conflicts, the directors and officers of the company may be
more likely to vote to approve a merger than if they did not hold these interests. Consider whether these interests
may have influenced these directors and officers to support or recommend the merger. The CIC figure presented
in the “ISS
Transaction Summary”
section of this report is an aggregate figure that can in certain cases be
a misleading indicator of the true value transfer from shareholders to insiders. Where such figure appears to be
excessive, analyze the underlying assumptions to determine whether a potential conflict exists.
•
Governance
- Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than the current governance profiles
of the respective parties to the transaction? If the governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden
is on the company to prove that other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance.
Private Placements/Warrants/Convertible
Debentures
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals regarding private placements, warrants, and convertible
debentures taking into consideration:
•
Dilution
to existing shareholders' position: The amount and timing of shareholder ownership dilution should be weighed
against the needs and proposed shareholder benefits of the capital infusion. Although newly issued common
stock, absent preemptive rights, is typically dilutive to existing shareholders, share price appreciation is
often the necessary event to trigger the exercise of “out
of the money”
warrants and convertible debt. In these instances from a value
standpoint, the negative impact of dilution is mitigated by the increase in the company's stock
price that must occur to trigger the dilutive event.
•
Terms
of the offer (discount/premium in purchase price to investor, including any fairness opinion, conversion features,
termination penalties, exit strategy):
−
The
terms of the offer should be weighed against the alternatives of the company and in light of company's financial
condition. Ideally, the conversion price for convertible debt and the exercise price for warrants should be
at a premium to the then prevailing stock price at the time of private placement.
−
When
evaluating the magnitude of a private placement discount or premium, consider factors that influence the
discount or premium, such as, liquidity, due diligence costs, control and monitoring costs, capital scarcity, information
asymmetry, and anticipation of future performance.
−
The
company's financial condition;
−
Degree
of need for capital;
−
Effect
of the financing on the company's cost of capital;
−
Current
and proposed cash burn rate;
−
Going
concern viability and the state of the capital and credit markets.
•
Management's
efforts to pursue alternatives and whether the company engaged in a process to evaluate alternatives: A
fair, unconstrained process helps to ensure the best price for shareholders. Financing alternatives can include joint
ventures, partnership, merger, or sale of part or all of the company.
−
Guaranteed
board and committee seats;
−
Veto
power over certain corporate actions; and
−
Minority
versus majority ownership and corresponding minority discount or majority control premium.
−
Conflicts
of interest should be viewed from the perspective of the company and the investor.
−
Were
the terms of the transaction negotiated at arm's length? Are managerial incentives aligned with shareholder interests?
−
The
market's response to the proposed deal. A negative market reaction is a cause for concern. Market reaction
may be addressed by analyzing the one-day impact on the unaffected stock price.
Vote
for the private placement, or for the issuance of warrants and/or convertible debentures in a private placement, if
it is expected that the company will file for bankruptcy if the transaction is not approved.
Reorganization/Restructuring
Plan (Bankruptcy)
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to common shareholders on bankruptcy plans of reorganization,
considering the following factors including, but not limited to:
•
Estimated
value and financial prospects of the reorganized company;
•
Percentage
ownership of current shareholders in the reorganized company;
•
Whether
shareholders are adequately represented in the reorganization process (particularly through the existence of
an Official Equity Committee);
•
The
cause(s) of the bankruptcy filing, and the extent to which the plan of reorganization addresses the cause(s);
•
Existence
of a superior alternative to the plan of reorganization; and
•
Governance
of the reorganized company.
Special Purpose
Acquisition Corporations (SPACs)
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on SPAC mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following:
•
Valuation
- Is the value being paid by the SPAC reasonable? SPACs generally lack an independent fairness opinion and
the financials on the target may be limited. Compare the conversion price with the intrinsic value of the target company
provided in the fairness opinion. Also, evaluate the proportionate value of the combined entity attributable to
the SPAC IPO shareholders versus the pre-merger value of SPAC. Additionally, a private company discount may
be applied to the target, if it is a private entity.
•
Market
reaction - How has the market responded to the proposed deal?
A negative market reaction may be a cause for concern. Market
reaction may be addressed by analyzing the one-day impact on the unaffected stock price.
•
Deal
timing - A main driver for most transactions is that the SPAC
charter typically requires the deal to be complete within 18
to 24 months, or the SPAC is to be liquidated. Evaluate the valuation, market reaction, and potential conflicts
of interest for deals that are announced close to the liquidation date.
•
Negotiations
and process - What was the process undertaken to identify potential
target companies within specified industry or location specified
in charter? Consider the background of the sponsors.
•
Conflicts
of interest - How are sponsors benefiting from the transaction
compared to IPO shareholders? Potential conflicts could arise
if a fairness opinion is issued by the insiders to qualify the deal rather than a third party or if
management is encouraged to pay a higher price for the target because of an 80 percent rule (the charter requires that
the fair market value of the target is at least equal to 80 percent of net assets of the SPAC). Also, there may be
sense of urgency by the management team of the SPAC to close the deal since its charter typically requires a
transaction to be completed within the 18-24 month timeframe.
•
Voting
agreements - Are the sponsors entering into enter into any voting
agreements/tender offers with shareholders who are likely to
vote against the proposed merger or exercise conversion rights?
•
Governance
- What is the impact of having the SPAC CEO or founder on key committees following the proposed merger?
Special Purpose
Acquisition Corporations (SPACs) - Proposals for Extensions
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on SPAC extension proposals taking into account the length of
the requested extension, the status of any pending transaction(s) or progression of the acquisition process,
any added incentive for non-redeeming shareholders, and any prior extension requests.
•
Length
of request: Typically, extension requests range from two to six
months, depending on the progression of the SPAC's acquisition
process.
•
Pending
transaction(s) or progression of the acquisition process: Sometimes
an initial business combination was already put to a shareholder
vote, but, for varying reasons, the transaction could not be consummated by the termination
date and the SPAC is requesting an extension. Other times, the SPAC has entered into a definitive transaction
agreement, but needs additional time to consummate or hold the shareholder meeting.
•
Added
incentive for non-redeeming shareholders: Sometimes the SPAC
sponsor (or other insiders) will contribute, typically as a loan
to the company, additional funds that will be added to the redemption value of each public share
as long as such shares are not redeemed in connection with the extension request. The purpose of the “equity
kicker”
is to incentivize shareholders to hold their shares through the end of the requested extension or until
the time the transaction is put to a shareholder vote, rather than electing redemption at the extension proposal meeting.
•
Prior
extension requests: Some SPACs request additional time beyond
the extension period sought in prior extension requests.
Spin-offs
General Recommendation:
DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case on spin-offs, considering:
•
Tax
and regulatory advantages;
•
Planned
use of the sale proceeds;
•
Benefits
to the parent company;
•
Corporate
governance changes;
•
Changes
in the capital structure.
Value Maximization
Shareholder Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on shareholder proposals seeking to maximize shareholder value
by:
•
Hiring
a financial advisor to explore strategic alternatives;
•
Selling
the company; or
•
Liquidating
the company and distributing the proceeds to shareholders.
These
proposals should be evaluated based on the following factors:
•
Prolonged
poor performance with no turnaround in sight;
•
Signs
of entrenched board and management (such as the adoption of takeover defenses);
•
Strategic
plan in place for improving value;
•
Likelihood
of receiving reasonable value in a sale or dissolution; and
•
The
company actively exploring its strategic options, including retaining a financial advisor.
COMPENSATION
Executive Pay Evaluation
Advisory Votes
on Executive Compensation—Management Proposals (Say-on-Pay)
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on ballot items related to executive pay and practices, as well
as certain aspects of outside director compensation.
DWS’s
policy is to vote against Advisory Votes on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay or “SOP”)
if:
•
There
is an unmitigated misalignment between CEO pay and company performance (pay for performance);
•
The
company maintains significant problematic pay practices;
•
The
board exhibits a significant level of poor communication and responsiveness to shareholders.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against or withhold from the members of the Compensation Committee and potentially the
full board if:
•
There
is no SOP on the ballot, and an against vote on an SOP would otherwise be warranted due to pay-for-performance misalignment,
problematic pay practices, or the lack of adequate responsiveness on compensation issues raised previously,
or a combination thereof;
•
The
board fails to respond adequately to a previous SOP proposal that received less than 70 percent support of votes
cast;
•
The
company has recently practiced or approved problematic pay practices, such as option repricing or option backdating;
or
•
The
situation is egregious.
Frequency of Advisory
Vote on Executive Compensation (“Say
When on Pay”)
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for annual
advisory votes on compensation, which provide the most consistent
and clear communication channel for shareholder concerns about companies' executive pay
programs.
Voting on Golden
Parachutes in an Acquisition, Merger, Consolidation, or Proposed Sale
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on say on Golden Parachute proposals, including consideration
of existing change-in-control arrangements maintained with named executive officers but also considering
new or extended arrangements.
Features
that may result in an “against”
recommendation include one or more of the following, depending on the number,
magnitude, and/or timing of issue(s):
•
Single-
or modified-single-trigger cash severance;
•
Single-trigger
acceleration of unvested equity awards;
•
Full
acceleration of equity awards granted shortly before the change in control;
•
Acceleration
of performance awards above the target level of performance without compelling rationale;
•
Excessive
cash severance (generally ˃3x base salary and bonus);
•
Excise
tax gross-ups triggered and payable;
•
Excessive
golden parachute payments (on an absolute basis or as a percentage of transaction equity value); or
•
Recent
amendments that incorporate any problematic features (such as those above) or recent actions (such as extraordinary
equity grants) that may make packages so attractive as to influence merger agreements that may not
be in the best interests of shareholders; or
•
The
company's assertion that a proposed transaction is conditioned on shareholder approval of the golden parachute advisory
vote.
Recent
amendment(s) that incorporate problematic features will tend to carry more weight on the overall analysis. However,
the presence of multiple legacy problematic features will also be closely scrutinized.
In
cases where the golden parachute vote is incorporated into a company's advisory vote on compensation (management say-on-pay),
DWS will evaluate the say-on-pay proposal in accordance with these guidelines, which may give higher weight
to that component of the overall evaluation.
Equity-Based and
Other Incentive Plans
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on certain equity-based compensation plans21
depending on a combination of certain plan features and equity grant practices, where positive factors may counterbalance
negative factors, and vice versa, as evaluated using an “Equity
Plan Scorecard”
(EPSC) approach with three pillars:
•
Plan
Cost: The total estimated cost of the company’s equity
plans relative to industry/market cap peers, measured by the
company's estimated Shareholder Value Transfer (SVT) in relation to peers and considering both:
−
SVT
based on new shares requested plus shares remaining for future grants, plus outstanding unvested/unexercised grants;
and
−
SVT
based only on new shares requested plus shares remaining for future grants.
−
Quality
of disclosure around vesting upon a change in control (CIC);
−
Discretionary
vesting authority;
−
Liberal
share recycling on various award types;
−
Lack
of minimum vesting period for grants made under the plan;
−
Dividends
payable prior to award vesting.
−
The
company’s three-year burn rate relative to its industry/market cap peers;
−
Vesting
requirements in CEO's recent equity grants (3-year look-back);
−
The
estimated duration of the plan (based on the sum of shares remaining available and the new shares requested,
divided by the average annual shares granted in the prior three years);
−
The
proportion of the CEO's most recent equity grants/awards subject to performance conditions;
−
Whether
the company maintains a sufficient claw-back policy;
−
Whether
the company maintains sufficient post-exercise/vesting share-holding requirements.
21
Proposals evaluated under the EPSC policy generally include
those to approve or amend (1) stock option plans for employees
and/or employees and directors, (2) restricted stock plans for employees and/or employees and directors, and
(3) omnibus stock incentive plans for employees and/or employees and directors; amended plans will be further evaluated
case-by-case.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against the plan proposal if the combination of above factors indicates that the plan is
not, overall, in shareholders' interests, or if any of the following egregious factors (“overriding
factors”)
apply:
•
Awards
may vest in connection with a liberal change-of-control definition;
•
The
plan would permit repricing or cash buyout of underwater options without shareholder approval (either by expressly
permitting it – for NYSE and Nasdaq listed companies – or by not prohibiting it when the company has a
history of repricing – for non-listed companies);
•
The
plan is a vehicle for problematic pay practices or a significant pay-for-performance disconnect under certain circumstances;
•
The
plan is excessively dilutive to shareholders' holdings;
•
The
plan contains an evergreen (automatic share replenishment) feature; or
•
Any
other plan features are determined to have a significant negative impact on shareholder interests.
Further Information
on certain EPSC Factors:
Shareholder Value
Transfer (SVT)
The
cost of the equity plans is expressed as Shareholder Value Transfer (SVT), which is measured using a binomial option
pricing model that assesses the amount of shareholders’ equity flowing out of the company to employees and directors.
SVT is expressed as both a dollar amount and as a percentage of market value, and includes the new shares proposed,
shares available under existing plans, and shares granted but unexercised (using two measures, in the case of
plans subject to the Equity Plan Scorecard evaluation, as noted above). All award types are valued. For omnibus plans,
unless limitations are placed on the most expensive types of awards (for example, full-value awards), the assumption is
made that all awards to be granted will be the most expensive types.
For
proposals that are not subject to the Equity Plan Scorecard evaluation, Shareholder Value Transfer is reasonable if
it falls below a company-specific benchmark. The benchmark is determined as follows: The top quartile performers in
each industry group (using the Global Industry Classification Standard: GICS) are identified. Benchmark SVT levels for
each industry are established based on these top performers’ historic SVT. Regression analyses are run on each industry
group to identify the variables most strongly correlated to SVT. The benchmark industry SVT level is then adjusted
upwards or downwards for the specific company by plugging the company-specific performance measures, size
and cash compensation into the industry cap equations to arrive at the company’s benchmark.22
22
For plans evaluated under the Equity Plan Scorecard policy,
the company's SVT benchmark is considered along with other factors.
Three-Year Burn
Rate
For
meetings held prior to February 1, 2023, burn-rate benchmarks
(utilized in Equity Plan Scorecard evaluations) are calculated
as the greater of: (1) the mean (μ) plus one standard deviation (σ) of the company's GICS group segmented by
S&P 500, Russell 3000 index (less the S&P500), and non-Russell 3000 index; and (2) two percent of weighted common
shares outstanding. In addition, year-over-year burn-rate benchmark changes will be limited to a maximum of
two (2) percentage points plus or minus the prior year's burn-rate benchmark.
For
meetings held prior to February 1, 2023, a company’s adjusted burn rate is calculated as follows:
Burn
Rate = (# of appreciation awards granted + # of full value awards granted * Volatility Multiplier) / Weighted average common
shares outstanding
The
Volatility Multiplier is used to provide more equivalent valuation between stock options and full value shares, base on
the company’s historical stock price volatility.
Effective
for meetings held on or after February 1, 2023, a “Value-Adjusted
Burn Rate”
will instead be used for stock plan valuations. Value-Adjusted
Burn Rate benchmarks will be calculated as the greater of: (1) an industry-specific threshold
based on three-year burn rates within the company's GICS group segmented by S&P 500, Russell 3000
index
(less the S&P 500) and non-Russell 3000 index; and (2) a de minimis threshold established separately for each of
the S&P 500, the Russell 3000 index less the S&P 500, and the non-Russell 3000 index. Year-over-year burn-rate benchmark
changes will be limited to a predetermined range above or below the prior year's burn-rate benchmark.
The
Value-Adjusted Burn rate will be calculated as follows:
Value-Adjusted
Burn Rate = ((# of options * option’s dollar value using a Black-Scholes model) + (# of full-value awards *
stock price)) / (Weighted average common shares * stock price).
Egregious Factors
Liberal Change
in Control Definition
Generally
vote against equity plans if the plan has a liberal definition of change in control and the equity awards could vest
upon such liberal definition of change in control, even though an actual change in control may not occur. Examples of
such a definition include, but are not limited to, announcement or commencement of a tender offer, provisions for acceleration
upon a “potential”
takeover, shareholder approval of a merger or other transactions, or similar language.
Repricing Provisions
Vote
against plans that expressly permit the repricing or exchange of underwater stock options/stock appreciate rights (SARs)
without prior shareholder approval. “Repricing”
typically includes the ability to do any of the following:
•
Amend
the terms of outstanding options or SARs to reduce the exercise price of such outstanding options or SARs;
•
Cancel
outstanding options or SARs in exchange for options or SARs with an exercise price that is less than the exercise
price of the original options or SARs;
•
Cancel
underwater options in exchange for stock awards; or
•
Provide
cash buyouts of underwater options.
Also,
vote against or withhold from members of the Compensation Committee who approved repricing (as defined above
or otherwise determined by ISS), without prior shareholder approval, even if such repricings are allowed in their equity
plan.
Vote
against plans that do not expressly prohibit repricing or cash buyout of underwater options without shareholder approval
if the company has a history of repricing/buyouts without shareholder approval, and the applicable listing standards
would not preclude them from doing so.
Problematic Pay
Practices or Significant Pay-for-Performance Disconnect
If
the equity plan on the ballot is a vehicle for problematic pay practices, vote against the plan.
ISS
may recommend a vote against the equity plan if the plan is determined to be a vehicle for pay-for-performance misalignment.
Considerations in voting against the equity plan may include, but are not limited to:
•
Severity
of the pay-for-performance misalignment;
•
Whether
problematic equity grant practices are driving the misalignment; and/or
•
Whether
equity plan awards have been heavily concentrated to the CEO and/or the other NEOs.
Amending Cash and
Equity Plans (including Approval for Tax Deductibility (162(m))
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on amendments to cash and equity incentive plans.
DWS’s
policy is to vote for proposals to amend executive cash, stock, or cash and stock incentive plans if the proposal:
•
Addresses
administrative features only; or
•
Seeks
approval for Section 162(m) purposes only and the plan administering committee consists entirely of independent directors.
Note that if the company is presenting the plan to shareholders for the first time for any reason (including after
the company’s initial public offering), or if the proposal is bundled with other material plan amendments, then
the recommendation will be case-by-case (see below).
DWS’s
policy is to vote against proposals to amend executive cash, stock, or cash and stock incentive plans if the proposal:
•
Seeks
approval for Section 162(m) purposes only, and the plan administering committee does not consist entirely of
independent directors.
Vote
case-by-case on all other proposals to amend c ash incentive plans. This includes plans presented to shareholders for
the first time after the company's IPO and/or proposals that bundle material amendment(s) other than those for Section
162(m) purposes.
Vote
case-by-case on all other proposals to amend equity incentive plans, considering the following:
•
If
the proposal requests additional shares and/or the amendments include a term extension or addition of full value
awards as an award type, the recommendation will be based on the Equity Plan Scorecard evaluation as well
as an analysis of the overall impact of the amendments.
•
If
the plan is being presented to shareholders for the first time (including after the company's IPO), whether or not
additional shares are being requested, the recommendation will be based on the Equity Plan Scorecard evaluation as
well as an analysis of the overall impact of any amendments.
•
If
there is no request for additional shares and the amendments do not include a term extension or addition of full
value awards as an award type, then the recommendation will be based entirely on an analysis of the overall impact
of the amendments, and the EPSC evaluation will be shown only for informational purposes.
In
the first two case-by-case evaluation scenarios, the EPSC evaluation/score is the more heavily weighted consideration.
Specific Treatment
of Certain Award Types in Equity Plan Evaluations
Dividend Equivalent
Rights
Options
that have Dividend Equivalent Rights (DERs) associated with them will have a higher calculated award value than
those without DERs under the binomial model, based on the value of these dividend streams. The higher value will
be applied to new shares, shares available under existing plans, and shares awarded but not exercised per the plan
specifications. DERS transfer more shareholder equity to employees and non-employee directors and this cost should
be captured.
Operating Partnership
(OP) Units in Equity Plan Analysis of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)
For
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITS), include the common shares issuable upon conversion of outstanding Operating Partnership
(OP) units in the share count for the purposes of determining: (1) market capitalization in the Shareholder Value
Transfer (SVT) analysis and (2) shares outstanding in the burn rate analysis.
Other Compensation
Plans
401(k) Employee
Benefit Plans
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
to implement a 401(k) savings plan for employees.
Employee Stock
Ownership Plans (ESOPs)
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
to implement an ESOP or increase authorized shares for existing
ESOPs, unless the number of shares allocated to the ESOP is excessive (more than five percent of
outstanding shares).
Employee Stock
Purchase Plans—Qualified Plans
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on qualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote for employee
stock purchase plans where all of the following apply:
•
Purchase
price is at least 85 percent of fair market value;
•
Offering
period is 27 months or less; and
•
The
number of shares allocated to the plan is 10 percent or less of the outstanding shares.
Vote
against qualified employee stock purchase plans where when the plan features do not meet all of the above criteria.
Employee Stock
Purchase Plans—Non-Qualified Plans
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on nonqualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote for nonqualified
employee stock purchase plans with all the following features:
•
Broad-based
participation;
•
Limits
on employee contribution, which may be a fixed dollar amount or expressed as a percent of base salary;
•
Company
matching contribution up to 25 percent of employee’s contribution, which is effectively a discount of 20
percent from market value; and
•
No
discount on the stock price on the date of purchase when there is a company matching contribution.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against nonqualified employee stock purchase plans when the plan features do not meet
all of the above criteria. If the matching contribution or effective discount exceeds the above, DWS may evaluate the
SVT cost of the plan as part of the assessment.
Option Exchange
Programs/Repricing Options
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on management proposals seeking approval to exchange/reprice
options taking into consideration:
•
Historic
trading patterns—the
stock price should not be so volatile that the options are likely to be back “in-the-money”
over the near term;
•
Rationale
for the re-pricing—was
the stock price decline beyond management's control?;
•
Is
this a value-for-value exchange?;
•
Are
surrendered stock options added back to the plan reserve?;
•
Timing—repricing
should occur at least one year out from any precipitous drop in company's stock price;
•
Option
vesting—does
the new option vest immediately or is there a black-out period?;
•
Term
of the option—the
term should remain the same as that of the replaced option;
•
Exercise
price—should
be set at fair market or a premium to market;
•
Participants—executive
officers and directors must be excluded.
If
the surrendered options are added back to the equity plans for re-issuance, then also take into consideration the company’s
total cost of equity plans and its three-year average burn rate.
In
addition to the above considerations, evaluate the intent, rationale, and timing of the repricing proposal. The proposal should
clearly articulate why the board is choosing to conduct an exchange program at this point in time. Repricing underwater
options after a recent precipitous drop in the company’s stock price demonstrates poor timing and warrants additional
scrutiny. Also, consider the terms of the surrendered options, such as the grant date, exercise price and vesting
schedule. Grant dates of surrendered options should be far enough back (two to three years) so as not to suggest
that repricings are being done to take advantage of short-term downward price movements. Similarly, the exercise
price of surrendered options should be above the 52-week high for the stock price.
Vote
for shareholder proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.
Stock Plans in
Lieu of Cash
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case on plans that provide participants with the option
of taking all or a portion of their cash compensation in the form of stock.
Vote
for non-employee director-only equity plans that provide a dollar-for-dollar cash-for-stock exchange.
Vote
case-by-case on plans which do not provide a dollar-for-dollar cash for stock exchange. In cases where the exchange is
not dollar-for-dollar, the request for new or additional shares for such equity program will be considered using the binomial
option pricing model. In an effort to capture the total cost of total compensation, DWS will not make any adjustments
to carve out the in-lieu-of cash compensation.
Transfer Stock
Option (TSO) Programs
General
Recommendation: One-time Transfers: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against or withhold from compensation committee
members if they fail to submit one-time transfers to shareholders for approval.
Vote
case-by-case on one-time transfers. Vote for if:
•
Executive
officers and non-employee directors are excluded from participating;
•
Stock
options are purchased by third-party financial institutions at a discount to their fair value using option pricing models
such as Black-Scholes or a Binomial Option Valuation or other appropriate financial models; and
•
There
is a two-year minimum holding period for sale proceeds (cash or stock) for all participants.
Additionally,
management should provide a clear explanation of why options are being transferred to a third-party institution
and whether the events leading up to a decline in stock price were beyond management's control. A review of
the company's historic stock price volatility should indicate if the options are likely to be back “in-the-money”
over the near term.
Ongoing
TSO program: Vote against equity plan proposals if the details of ongoing TSO programs are not provided to shareholders.
Since TSOs will be one of the award types under a stock plan, the ongoing TSO program, structure and mechanics
must be disclosed to shareholders. The specific criteria to be considered in evaluating these proposals include,
but not limited, to the following:
•
Cost
of the program and impact of the TSOs on company’s total option expense; and
•
Option
repricing policy.
Amendments
to existing plans that allow for introduction of transferability of stock options should make clear that only
options granted post-amendment shall be transferable.
Director Compensation
Shareholder Ratification
of Director Pay Programs
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on management proposals seeking ratification of non-employee
director compensation, based on the following factors:
•
If
the equity plan under which non-employee director grants are made is on the ballot, whether or not it warrants support;
and
•
An
assessment of the following qualitative factors:
•
The
relative magnitude of director compensation as compared to companies of a similar profile;
•
The
presence of problematic pay practices relating to director compensation;
•
Director
stock ownership guidelines and holding requirements;
•
Equity
award vesting schedules;
•
The
mix of cash and equity-based compensation;
•
Meaningful
limits on director compensation;
•
The
availability of retirement benefits or perquisites; and
•
The
quality of disclosure surrounding director compensation.
Equity Plans for
Non-Employee Directors
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on compensation plans for non-employee directors, based on:
•
The
total estimated cost of the company’s equity plans relative to industry/market cap peers, measured by the company’s
estimated Shareholder Value Transfer (SVT) based on new shares requested plus shares remaining for
future grants, plus outstanding unvested/unexercised grants;
•
The
company’s three-year burn rate relative to its industry/market cap peers (in certain circumstances); and
•
The
presence of any egregious plan features (such as an option repricing provision or liberal CIC vesting risk).
On
occasion, non-employee director stock plans will exceed the plan cost or burn-rate benchmarks when combined with
employee or executive stock plans. In such cases, vote case-by-case on the plan taking into consideration the following
qualitative factors:
•
The
relative magnitude of director compensation as compared to companies of a similar profile;
•
The
presence of problematic pay practices relating to director compensation;
•
Director
stock ownership guidelines and holding requirements;
•
Equity
award vesting schedules;
•
The
mix of cash and equity-based compensation;
•
Meaningful
limits on director compensation;
•
The
availability of retirement benefits or perquisites; and
•
The
quality of disclosure surrounding director compensation.
Non-Employee Director
Retirement Plans
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
retirement plans for non-employee directors. Vote for shareholder
proposals to eliminate retirement plans for non-employee directors.
Shareholder Proposals
on Compensation
Bonus Banking/Bonus
Banking “Plus”
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals seeking deferral of a portion of annual bonus pay,
with ultimate payout linked to sustained results for the performance metrics on which the bonus was
earned (whether for the named executive officers or a wider group of employees), taking into account the following factors:
•
The
company’s past practices regarding equity and cash compensation;
•
Whether
the company has a holding period or stock ownership requirements in place, such as a meaningful retention ratio
(at least 50 percent for full tenure); and
•
Whether
the company has a rigorous claw-back policy in place.
Compensation Consultants—Disclosure
of Board or Company’s Utilization
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for shareholder
proposals seeking disclosure regarding the company, board, or
compensation committee’s use of compensation consultants, such as company name, business relationship(s),
and fees paid.
Disclosure/Setting
Levels or Types of Compensation for Executives and Directors
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for shareholder
proposals seeking additional disclosure of executive and director
pay information, provided the information requested is relevant to shareholders' needs, would not
put the company at a competitive disadvantage relative to its industry, and is not unduly burdensome to the company.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against shareholder proposals seeking to set absolute levels on compensation or otherwise
dictate the amount or form of compensation (such as types of compensation elements or specific metrics) to
be used for executive or directors.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against shareholder proposals that mandate a minimum amount of stock that directors must
own in order to qualify as a director or to remain on the board.
Vote
case-by-case on all other shareholder proposals regarding executive and director pay, taking into account relevant factors,
including but not limited to: company performance, pay level and design versus peers, history of compensation concerns
or pay-for-performance disconnect, and/or the scope and prescriptive nature of the proposal.
Golden Coffins/Executive
Death Benefits
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
calling for companies to adopt a policy of obtaining shareholder
approval for any future agreements and corporate policies that could oblige the company to make
payments or awards following the death of a senior executive in the form of unearned salary or bonuses, accelerated vesting
or the continuation in force of unvested equity grants, perquisites and other payments or awards made in lieu of
compensation. This would not apply to any benefit programs or equity plan proposals for which the broad-based employee
population is eligible.
Hold Equity Past
Retirement or for a Significant Period of Time
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on shareholder proposals asking companies to adopt policies requiring
senior executive officers to retain a portion of net shares acquired through compensation plans.
The following factors will be taken into account:
•
The
percentage/ratio of net shares required to be retained;
•
The
time period required to retain the shares;
•
Whether
the company has equity retention, holding period, and/or stock ownership requirements in place and the
robustness of such requirements;
•
Whether
the company has any other policies aimed at mitigating risk taking by executives;
•
Executives'
actual stock ownership and the degree to which it meets or exceeds the proponent’s suggested holding
period/retention ratio or the company’s existing requirements; and
•
Problematic
pay practices, current and past, which may demonstrate a short-term versus long-term focus.
Pay Disparity
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals calling for an analysis of the pay disparity between
corporate executives and other non-executive employees. The following factors will be considered:
•
The
company’s current level of disclosure of its executive compensation setting process, including how the company considers
pay disparity;
•
If
any problematic pay practices or pay-for-performance concerns have been identified at the company; and
•
The
level of shareholder support for the company's pay programs.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against proposals calling for the company to use the pay disparity analysis or pay ratio
in a specific way to set or limit executive pay.
Pay for Performance/Performance-Based
Awards
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on shareholder proposals requesting that a significant amount
of future long-term incentive compensation awarded to senior executives shall be performance-based and
requesting that the board adopt and disclose challenging performance metrics to shareholders, based on the following
analytical steps:
•
First,
vote for shareholder proposals advocating the use of performance-based equity awards, such as performance contingent
options or restricted stock, indexed options or premium-priced options, unless the proposal is overly restrictive
or if the company has demonstrated that it is using a “substantial”
portion of performance-based awards for its top executives. Standard
stock options and performance-accelerated awards do not meet the criteria to be
considered as performance-based awards. Further, premium-priced options should have a meaningful premium to
be considered performance-based awards.
•
Second,
assess the rigor of the company’s performance-based equity program. If the bar set for the performance-based program
is too low based on the company’s historical or peer group comparison, generally vote for the proposal. Furthermore,
if target performance results in an above target payout, vote for the shareholder proposal due to program’s
poor design. If the company does not disclose the performance metric of the performance-based equity program,
vote for the shareholder proposal regardless of the outcome of the first step to the test.
In
general, vote for the shareholder proposal if the company does not meet both of the above two steps.
Pay for Superior
Performance
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on shareholder proposals that request the board establish a pay-for-superior
performance standard in the company's executive compensation plan for senior executives.
These proposals generally include the following principles:
•
Set
compensation targets for the plan’s annual and long-term incentive pay components at or below the peer group
median;
•
Deliver
a majority of the plan’s target long-term compensation through performance-vested, not simply time-vested, equity
awards;
•
Provide
the strategic rationale and relative weightings of the financial and non-financial performance metrics or criteria
used in the annual and performance-vested long-term incentive components of the plan;
•
Establish
performance targets for each plan financial metric relative to the performance of the company’s peer companies;
•
Limit
payment under the annual and performance-vested long-term incentive components of the plan to when the
company’s performance on its selected financial performance metrics exceeds peer group median performance.
Consider
the following factors in evaluating this proposal:
•
What
aspects of the company’s annual and long-term equity incentive programs are performance driven?
•
If
the annual and long-term equity incentive programs are performance driven, are the performance criteria and hurdle
rates disclosed to shareholders or are they benchmarked against a disclosed peer group?
•
Can
shareholders assess the correlation between pay and performance based on the current disclosure?
•
What
type of industry and stage of business cycle does the company belong to?
Pre-Arranged Trading
Plans (10b5-1 Plans)
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for shareholder
proposals calling for the addition of certain
safeguards in prearranged trading plans (10b5-1 plans) for executives.
Safeguards may
include:
•
Adoption,
amendment, or termination of a 10b5-1 Plan must be disclosed in
a Form 8-K;
•
Amendment
or early termination of a 10b5-1 Plan is allowed only under extraordinary circumstances, as determined by
the board;
•
Request
that a certain number of days that must elapse between adoption
or amendment of a 10b5-1 Plan and initial trading under the plan;
•
Reports
on Form 4 must identify transactions made pursuant to a 10b5-1 Plan;
•
An
executive may not trade in company stock outside the 10b5-1 Plan;
•
Trades
under a 10b5-1 Plan must be handled by a broker who does not handle other securities transactions for the
executive.
Prohibit Outside
CEOs from Serving on Compensation Committees
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against proposals seeking a policy to prohibit any outside CEO
from serving on a company’s compensation committee, unless the company has demonstrated problematic pay practices
that raise concerns about the performance and composition of the committee.
Recoupment of Incentive
or Stock Compensation in Specified Circumstances
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to recoup incentive cash or stock compensation made
to senior executives if it is later determined that the figures upon which incentive compensation is
earned turn out to have been in error, or if the senior executive has breached company policy or has engaged in misconduct
that may be significantly detrimental to the company's financial position or reputation, or if the senior executive
failed to manage or monitor risks that subsequently led to significant financial or reputational harm to the company.
Many companies have adopted policies that permit recoupment in cases where an executive's fraud, misconduct, or
negligence significantly contributed to a restatement of financial results that led to the awarding of unearned incentive compensation.
However, such policies may be narrow given that not all misconduct or negligence may result in significant financial
restatements. Misconduct, negligence or lack of sufficient oversight by senior executives may lead to significant financial
loss or reputational damage that may have long-lasting impact.
In
considering whether to support such shareholder proposals, DWS will take into consideration the following factors:
•
If
the company has adopted a formal recoupment policy;
•
The
rigor of the recoupment policy focusing on how and under what circumstances the company may recoup incentive
or stock compensation;
•
Whether
the company has chronic restatement history or material financial problems;
•
Whether
the company’s policy substantially addresses the concerns raised by the proponent;
•
Disclosure
of recoupment of incentive or stock compensation from senior executives or lack thereof; or
•
Any
other relevant factors.
Severance Agreements
for Executives/Golden Parachutes
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for shareholder
proposals requiring that golden parachutes or executive severance
agreements be submitted for shareholder ratification, unless the proposal requires shareholder approval
prior to entering into employment contracts.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals to ratify or cancel golden parachutes. An acceptable parachute should
include, but is not limited to, the following:
•
The
triggering mechanism should be beyond the control of management;
•
The
amount should not exceed three times base amount (defined as the average annual taxable W-2 compensation during
the five years prior to the year in which the change of control occurs);
•
Change-in-control
payments should be double-triggered, i.e., (1) after a change in control has taken place, and (2)
termination of the executive as a result of the change in control. Change in control is defined as a change in the
company ownership structure.
Share Buyback Impact
on Incentive Program Metrics
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals requesting the company exclude the impact of share
buybacks from the calculation of incentive program metrics, considering the following factors:
•
The
frequency and timing of the company's share buybacks;
•
The
use of per-share metrics in incentive plans;
•
The
effect of recent buybacks on incentive metric results and payouts; and
•
Whether
there is any indication of metric result manipulation.
Supplemental Executive
Retirement Plans (SERPs)
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for shareholder
proposals requesting to put extraordinary benefits contained
in SERP agreements to a shareholder vote unless the company’s executive pension plans do not contain
excessive benefits beyond what is offered under employee-wide plans.
Generally
vote for shareholder proposals requesting to limit the executive benefits provided under the company’s supplemental
executive retirement plan (SERP) by limiting covered compensation to a senior executive’s annual salary or
those pay elements covered for the general employee population.
Tax Gross-Up Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals calling for companies to adopt a policy of not
providing tax gross-up payments to executives, except in situations where gross-ups are provided pursuant to a plan,
policy, or arrangement applicable to management employees of the company, such as a relocation or expatriate tax
equalization policy.
Termination of
Employment Prior to Severance Payment/Eliminating Accelerated Vesting of Unvested Equity
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on shareholder proposals seeking a policy requiring termination
of employment prior to severance payment and/or eliminating accelerated vesting of unvested equity.
The
following factors will be considered:
•
The
company's current treatment of equity upon employment termination and/or in change-in-control situations (i.e.,
vesting is double triggered and/or pro rata, does it allow for the assumption of equity by acquiring company, the
treatment of performance shares, etc.);
•
Current
employment agreements, including potential poor pay practices such as gross-ups embedded in those agreements.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for proposals seeking a policy that prohibits automatic acceleration of the vesting of
equity awards to senior executives upon a voluntary termination of employment or in the event of a change in control
(except for pro rata vesting considering the time elapsed and attainment of any related performance goals between
the award date and the change in control).
ROUTINE
/ MISCELLANEOUS
Adjourn Meeting
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals to provide management with the authority to adjourn
an annual or special meeting absent compelling reasons to support the proposal.
Vote
for proposals that relate specifically to soliciting votes for a merger or transaction if supporting that merger or transaction.
Vote against proposals if the wording is too vague or if the proposal includes “other
business.”
Amend Quorum Requirements
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals to reduce quorum requirements for shareholder meetings
below a majority of the shares outstanding unless there are compelling reasons to support the proposal.
Amend Minor Bylaws
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for bylaw
or charter changes that are of a housekeeping nature (updates
or corrections).
Change Company
Name
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
to change the corporate name unless there is compelling evidence
that the change would adversely impact shareholder value.
Change Date, Time,
or Location of Annual Meeting
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for management
proposals to change the date, time, or location of the annual
meeting unless the proposed change is unreasonable.
Vote
against shareholder proposals to change the date, time, or location of the annual meeting unless the current scheduling
or location is unreasonable.
Other Business
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals to approve other business when it appears as a voting
item.
SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ISSUES
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy will consider the Coalition
for Environmentally Responsible Economies (“CERES”)
recommendation on environmental and social
matters contained in the CERES Roadmap 2030
as well as the recommendations of ISS Socially Responsible Investment
“SRI”
Policy on social and sustainability issues. DWS will rely on
ISS to identify shareholder proposals addressing CERES Roadmap 2030 to examine theses proxy items and
to provide DWS with a voting recommendation based on ISS’s
application of the Guidelines including
any factors set
forth in the Guidelines. DWS will generally
vote such proxies in accordance with ISS’ recommendations
for topics covered under CERES Roadmap 2030.
General
Approach
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for
social
and environmental shareholder proposals that enhance long-term
shareholder value. DWS’s
general policy is to vote for disclosure reports that seek additional information particularly when it appears companies
have not adequately addressed shareholders' social, workforce, and environmental concerns. In determining vote
recommendations on shareholder social, workforce, and environmental proposals, DWS will analyze the following
factors:
•
Whether
the proposal itself is well framed and reasonable;
•
Whether
adoption of the proposal would have either a positive or negative impact on the company’s short-term or
long-term share value
•
Whether
the company’s analysis and voting recommendation to shareholders is persuasive
•
The
degree to which the company’s stated position on the issues could affect its reputation or sales, or leave it vulnerable
to boycott or selective purchasing
•
Whether
the subject of the proposal is best left to the discretion of the board
•
Whether
the issues presented in the proposal are best
dealt with through legislation,
government
regulation, or company-specific
action
•
The
company’s
approach compared with its peers or any
industry standard practices for addressing the issue(s) raised
by the proposal
•
Whether
the company has already responded in an appropriate or sufficient manner to the issue(s) raised by the proposal
•
Whether
there are significant controversies, fines, penalties or litigation
associated with the company’s
environmental or social practices
•
If
the proposal requests increased disclosure or greater transparency, whether sufficient
information is publicly
available to shareholders and
whether it would be unduly burdensome for the company to compile and avail the requested
information to shareholders in a more comprehensive or amalgamated fashion
•
Whether
implementation of the proposal would achieve the objectives sought
in the proposal
Endorsement of
Principles
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals seeking a company's endorsement of principles that
support a particular public policy position. Endorsing a set of principles may require a company to take
a stand on an issue that is beyond its own control and may limit its flexibility with respect to future developments. Management
and the board should be afforded the flexibility to make decisions on specific public policy positions based
on their own assessment of the most beneficial strategies for the company.
Animal Welfare
Animal Welfare
Policies
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals seeking a report on a company’s animal welfare
standards, or animal welfare-related risks, considering whether:
•
The
company has already published a set of animal welfare standards and monitors compliance;
•
The
company’s standards are comparable to industry peers; and
•
There
are no recent significant fines, litigation, or controversies related to the company’s and/or its suppliers' treatment
of animals.
Animal Testing
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to phase out the use of animals in product testing,
considering whether:
•
The
company is conducting animal testing programs that are unnecessary or not required by regulation;
•
The
company is conducting animal testing when suitable alternatives are commonly accepted and used by industry peers;
or
•
There
are recent, significant fines or litigation related to the company’s treatment of animals.
Animal Slaughter
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals requesting the implementation of Controlled Atmosphere
Killing (CAK) methods at company and/or supplier operations unless such methods are required
by legislation or generally accepted as the industry standard.
DWS’s
policy is to vote case-by-case on proposals requesting a report
on the feasibility of implementing CAK methods at company and/or
supplier operations considering the availability of existing research conducted by the company or industry
groups on this topic and any fines or litigation related to current animal processing procedures at the company.
Consumer Issues
Genetically Modified
Ingredients
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals requesting that a company voluntarily label genetically
engineered (GE) ingredients in its products.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for
proposals asking for a report on the feasibility of labeling products containing GE
ingredients, taking into account:
•
The
potential impact of such labeling on the company's business;
•
The
quality of the company’s disclosure on GE product labeling, related voluntary initiatives, and how this disclosure compares
with industry peer disclosure; and
•
Company’s
current disclosure on the feasibility of GE product labeling.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals seeking a report on the social, health, and environmental effects
of genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals to phase
out GE ingredients from the company's products, or
proposals asking for reports outlining the steps necessary to eliminate GE ingredients from the company’s products.
Reports on Potentially
Controversial Business/Financial Practices
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
requests for reports on a company’s potentially controversial
business or financial practices or products, taking into account:
•
Whether
the company has adequately disclosed mechanisms in place to prevent abuses;
•
Whether
the company has adequately disclosed the financial risks of the products/practices in question;
•
Whether
the company has been subject to violations of related laws or serious controversies; and
•
Peer
companies’ policies/practices in this area.
Pharmaceutical
Pricing, Access to Medicines, and Prescription Drug Reimportation
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals requesting that companies implement specific price
restraints on pharmaceutical products taking into account whether
the company fails to adhere to legislative guidelines or industry
norms in its product pricing practices.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for
proposals requesting that a company report on its product pricing or access to medicine
policies, considering:
•
The
potential for reputational, market, and regulatory risk exposure;
•
Existing
disclosure of relevant policies;
•
Deviation
from established industry norms;
•
Relevant
company initiatives to provide research and/or products to disadvantaged consumers;
•
Whether
the proposal focuses on specific products or geographic regions;
•
The
potential burden and scope of the requested report;
•
Recent
significant controversies, litigation, or fines at the company.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for proposals requesting that a company report on the financial and legal impact of its
prescription drug reimportation policies unless such information is already publicly disclosed.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals requesting that companies adopt specific policies to encourage or
constrain prescription drug reimportation.
Product Safety
and Toxic/Hazardous Materials
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals requesting that a company report on its policies, initiatives/procedures,
and oversight mechanisms related to toxic/hazardous materials or product safety in its
supply chain, considering whether:
•
The
company already discloses similar information through existing reports such as a supplier code of conduct and/or
a sustainability report;
•
The
company has formally committed to the implementation of a toxic/hazardous materials and/or product safety and
supply chain reporting and monitoring program based on industry norms or similar standards within a specified time
frame; and
•
The
company has not been recently involved in relevant significant controversies, fines, or litigation.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for
resolutions requesting that companies develop a feasibility assessment to phase-out of
certain toxic/hazardous materials, or evaluate and disclose the potential financial and legal risks associated with utilizing
certain materials, considering:
•
The
company’s current level of disclosure regarding its product safety policies, initiatives, and oversight mechanisms;
•
Current
regulations in the markets in which the company operates; and
•
Recent
significant controversies, litigation, or fines stemming from toxic/hazardous materials at the company.
Generally
vote case-by-case on resolutions requiring that a company reformulate its products.
Tobacco-Related
Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on resolutions regarding the advertisement of tobacco products,
considering:
•
Recent
related fines, controversies, or significant litigation;
•
Whether
the company complies with relevant laws and regulations on the marketing of tobacco;
•
Whether
the company’s advertising restrictions deviate from those of industry peers;
•
Whether
the company entered into the Master Settlement Agreement, which restricts marketing of tobacco to youth;
and
•
Whether
restrictions on marketing to youth extend to foreign countries.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals regarding second-hand smoke, considering;
•
Whether
the company complies with all laws and regulations;
•
The
degree that voluntary restrictions beyond those mandated by law might hurt the company’s competitiveness; and
•
The
risk of any health-related liabilities.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on resolutions to cease production of tobacco-related products, to avoid
selling products to tobacco companies, to spin-off tobacco-related businesses, or prohibit investment in tobacco equities.
Such business decisions are better left to company management or portfolio managers.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals regarding tobacco product warnings.
Climate
Change
Say
on Climate (SoC) Management Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to vote case-by-case on
management proposals that request shareholders to approve the
company’s transition action plan23,
taking into account the completeness and rigor of the plan.
23
Variations of this request also include climate transition related
ambitions, or commitment to reporting on the implementation of
a climate plan.
Information
that will be considered where available includes the following:
•
The
extent to which the company’s climate related disclosures are in line with TCFD recommendations and meet other
market standards;
•
Disclosure
of its operational and supply chain Green House Gas (GHG) emissions (Scopes 1, 2, and 3);
•
The
completeness and rigor of company’s short-, medium-, and long-term targets for reducing operational and supply
chain GHG emissions (Scopes 1, 2 and 3 if relevant);
•
Whether
the company has sought and received third-party approval that its targets are science-based;
•
Whether
the company has made a commitment to be “net
zero”
for operational and supply chain emissions (Scopes 1, 2, and
3) by 2050;
•
Whether
the company discloses a commitment to report on the implementation of its plan in subsequent years;
•
Whether
the company’s climate data has received third-party assurance;
•
Disclosure
of how the company’s lobbying activities and its capital expenditures align with company strategy;
•
Whether
there are specific industry decarbonization challenges; and
•
The
company’s related commitment, disclosure, and performance compared to its industry peers.
Say
on Climate (SoC)
Shareholder Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to vote case-by-case on
shareholder proposals that request the company to disclose a
report on providing its GHG emissions levels and reduction targets and/or its upcoming/approved climate transition
action plan and provide shareholders the opportunity to express approval or disapproval of its GHG emissions reduction
plan, taking into account information such as the following:
•
The
completeness and rigor of the company’s climate-related disclosure;
•
The
company’s actual GHG emissions performance;
•
Whether
the company has been the subject of recent, significant violations, fines litigation, or controversy related to
its GHG emissions; and
•
Whether
the proposal’s request is unduly burdensome (scope or timeframe) or overly prescriptive.
Climate Change/Greenhouse
Gas (GHG) Emissions
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for resolutions
requesting that a company disclose information on the financial,
physical, or regulatory risks it faces related to climate change on its operations and investments or
on how the company identifies, measures, and manages such risks, considering:
•
Whether
the company already provides current, publicly-available information on the impact that climate change may
have on the company as well as associated company policies and procedures to address related risks and/or opportunities;
•
The
company's level of disclosure compared to industry peers; and
•
Whether
there are significant controversies, fines, penalties, or litigation associated with the company's climate change-related
performance.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for
on proposals requesting a report on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from company operations
and/or products and operations, considering whether:
•
The
company already discloses current, publicly-available information on the impacts that GHG emissions may have
on the company as well as associated company policies and procedures to address related risks and/or opportunities;
•
The
company's level of disclosure is comparable to that of industry peers; and
•
There
are no significant, controversies, fines, penalties, or litigation associated with the company's GHG emissions.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for
proposals that call for the adoption of GHG reduction goals from products and operations,
taking into account:
•
Whether
the company provides disclosure of year-over-year GHG emissions performance data;
•
Whether
company disclosure lags behind industry peers;
•
The
company's actual GHG emissions performance;
•
The
company's current GHG emission policies, oversight mechanisms, and related initiatives; and
•
Whether
the company has been the subject of recent, significant violations, fines, litigation, or controversy related to
GHG emissions.
Energy Efficiency
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals requesting that a company report on its energy efficiency
policies, considering whether:
•
The
company complies with applicable energy efficiency regulations and laws, and discloses its participation in energy
efficiency policies and programs, including disclosure of benchmark data, targets, and performance measures; or
•
The
proponent requests adoption of specific energy efficiency goals within specific timelines.
Renewable Energy
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for requests
for reports on the feasibility of developing renewable energy
resources unless the report would be duplicative of existing disclosure or irrelevant to the company’s line
of business.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals seeking
increased investment in renewable energy resources
taking into consideration whether the terms of
the resolution are overly restrictive.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for
proposals that call for the adoption of renewable energy goals, taking into account:
•
The
scope and structure of the proposal;
•
The
company's current level of disclosure on renewable energy use and GHG emissions; and
•
The
company's disclosure of policies, practices, and oversight implemented to manage GHG emissions and mitigate climate
change risks.
Diversity
Board Diversity
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
requests for reports on a company's efforts to diversify the
board, considering whether:
•
The
gender and racial minority representation of the company’s board is reasonably inclusive in relation to companies of
similar size and business; and
•
The
board already reports on its nominating procedures and gender and racial minority initiatives on the board and
within the company.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for
proposals asking a company to increase the gender and racial minority representation on
its board, taking into account:
•
The
degree of existing gender and racial minority diversity on the company’s board and among its executive officers;
•
The
level of gender and racial minority representation that exists at the company’s industry peers;
•
The
company’s established process for addressing gender and racial minority board representation;
•
Whether
the proposal includes an overly prescriptive request to amend nominating committee charter language;
•
The
independence of the company’s nominating committee;
•
Whether
the company uses an outside search firm to identify potential director nominees; and
•
Whether
the company has had recent controversies, fines, or litigation regarding equal employment practices.
Equality of Opportunity
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals requesting a company disclose its diversity policies
or initiatives, or proposals requesting disclosure of a company’s comprehensive workforce diversity data, including
requests for EEO-1 data, considering whether:
•
The
company publicly discloses equal opportunity policies and initiatives in a comprehensive manner;
•
The
company already publicly discloses comprehensive workforce diversity data; and
•
The
company has no recent significant EEO-related violations or litigation.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for shareholder proposals requesting nondiscrimination in salary, wages and all benefits.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for shareholder proposals calling for action on equal employment opportunity and antidiscrimination.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals seeking
information on the diversity efforts of suppliers and service
providers.
Gender Identity,
Sexual Orientation, and Domestic Partner Benefits
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
seeking to amend a company’s EEO statement or diversity
policies to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation and/or gender identity.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for shareholder
proposals
seeking reports on a
company’s
initiatives to create a workplace free of discrimination on the
basis of sexual orientation or gender identity.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote against shareholder proposals that seek to eliminate protection already afforded to gay
and lesbian employees.
Gender, Race /
Ethnicity Pay Gap
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally
vote for
requests for reports on a company's pay data by gender or race
/ethnicity, or a report on a company’s policies and goals to reduce any gender, or race /ethnicity pay gaps,
taking into account:
•
The
company's current policies and disclosure related to both its diversity and inclusion policies and practices and
its compensation philosophy on fair and equitable compensation practices;
•
Whether
the company has been the subject of recent controversy, litigation, or regulatory actions related to gender, race,
or ethnicity pay gap issues;
•
The
company’s disclosure regarding gender, race, or ethnicity pay gap policies or initiatives is compared to its industry
peers; and
•
Local
laws regarding categorization of race and/or ethnicity and definitions of ethnic and/or racial minorities.
Racial
Equity and/or Civil Rights Audit Guidelines
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to vote case-by-case on proposals asking a company to conduct an independent racial
equity and/or civil rights audit, taking into account:
•
The
company's established process or framework for addressing racial inequity and discrimination internally;
•
Whether
the company has issued a public statement related to its racial justice efforts in recent years; or has committed
to internal policy review;
•
Whether
the company has engaged with impacted communities, stakeholders, and civil rights experts;
•
The
company’s track record in recent years of racial justice measures and outreach externally;
•
Whether
the company has been the subject of recent controversy, litigation, or regulatory actions related to racial inequity
or discrimination; and
•
Whether
the company’s actions are aligned with market norms on civil rights, and racial or ethnic diversity.
Environment and
Sustainability
Facility and Workplace
Safety
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
requests for workplace safety reports, including reports on accident
risk reduction efforts, taking into account:
•
The
company’s current level of disclosure of its workplace health and safety performance data, health and safety management
policies, initiatives, and oversight mechanisms;
•
The
nature of the company’s business, specifically regarding company and employee exposure to health and safety
risks;
•
Recent
significant controversies, fines, or violations related to workplace health and safety; and
•
The
company's workplace health and safety performance relative to industry peers.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on resolutions requesting
that a company report on or implement
safety/security
risk procedures
associated with their
operations and/or facilities, considering:
•
The
company’s compliance with applicable regulations and guidelines;
•
The
company’s current level of disclosure regarding its security and safety policies, procedures, and compliance monitoring;
and
•
The
existence of recent, significant violations, fines, or controversy regarding the safety and security of the company’s operations
and/or facilities.
General Environmental
Proposals and Community Impact Assessments
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
requests for reports on policies and/or the potential (community)
social and/or environmental impact of company operations, considering:
•
Current
disclosure of applicable policies and risk assessment report(s) and risk management procedures;
•
The
impact of regulatory non-compliance, litigation, remediation, or reputational loss that may be associated with failure
to manage the company’s operations in question, including the management of relevant community and stakeholder
relations;
•
The
nature, purpose, and scope of the company’s operations in the specific region(s);
•
The
degree to which company policies and procedures are consistent with industry norms; and
•
The
scope of the resolution.
Hydraulic Fracturing
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
requesting greater disclosure of a company's (natural gas) hydraulic
fracturing operations, including measures the company has taken to manage and mitigate the potential
community and environmental impacts of those operations, considering:
•
The
company's current level of disclosure of relevant policies and oversight mechanisms;
•
The
company's current level of such disclosure relative to its industry peers;
•
Potential
relevant local, state, or national regulatory developments; and
•
Controversies,
fines, or litigation related to the company's hydraulic fracturing operations.
Operations in Protected
Areas
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
requests for reports on potential environmental damage as a result
of company operations in protected regions, considering whether:
•
Operations
in the specified regions are not permitted by current laws or regulations;
•
The
company does not currently have operations or plans to develop operations in these protected regions; or
•
The
company’s disclosure of its operations and environmental policies in these regions is comparable to industry peers.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for shareholder proposals asking companies to prepare reports or adopt policies on operations
that include mining, drilling or logging in environmentally sensitive areas.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for shareholder proposals seeking to curb or reduce the sale of products manufactured from
materials extracted from environmentally sensitive areas such as old growth forests.
Recycling
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals to report on an existing recycling program, to increase
their recycling efforts or adopt a new recycling program, taking
into account:
•
The
nature of the company’s business;
•
The
current level of disclosure of the company's existing related programs;
•
The
timetable and methods of program implementation prescribed by the proposal;
•
The
company’s ability to address the issues raised in the proposal; and
•
How
the company's recycling programs compare to similar programs of its industry peers.
Sustainability
Reporting
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals requesting that a company report on its policies, initiatives,
and oversight mechanisms related to social, economic, and environmental sustainability, considering whether:
•
The
company already discloses similar information through existing reports or policies such as an environment, health,
and safety (EHS) report; a comprehensive code of corporate conduct; and/or a diversity report; or
•
The
company has formally committed to the implementation of a reporting program based on Global Reporting Initiative
(GRI) guidelines or a similar standard within a specified time frame.
Water Issues
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals requesting a company report on, or adopt a new policy
on, water-related risks and concerns, taking into account:
•
The
company's current disclosure of relevant policies, initiatives, oversight mechanisms, and water usage metrics;
•
Whether
or not the company's existing water-related policies and practices are consistent with relevant internationally recognized
standards and national/local regulations;
•
The
potential financial impact or risk to the company associated with water-related concerns or issues; and
•
Recent,
significant company controversies, fines, or litigation regarding water use by the company and its suppliers.
General Corporate
Issues
Charitable Contributions
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote against
proposals restricting a company from making charitable contributions.
Charitable
contributions are generally useful for assisting worthwhile causes and for creating goodwill in the community.
Data Security,
Privacy, and Internet Issues
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals requesting the disclosure or implementation of data
security, privacy, or information access and management policies and procedures, considering:
•
The
level of disclosure of company policies and procedures relating to data security, privacy, freedom of speech, information
access and management, and Internet censorship;
•
Engagement
in dialogue with governments or relevant groups with respect to data security, privacy, or the free flow
of information on the Internet;
•
The
scope of business involvement and of investment in countries whose governments censor or monitor the Internet
and other telecommunications;
•
Applicable
market-specific laws or regulations that may be imposed on the company; and
•
Controversies,
fines, or litigation related to data security, privacy, freedom of speech, or Internet censorship.
Environmental,
Social, and Governance (ESG) Compensation-Related Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals to link, or report on linking, executive compensation
to sustainability (environmental and social) criteria, considering:
•
The
scope and prescriptive nature of the proposal;
•
Whether
the company has significant and/or persistent controversies or regulatory violations regarding social and/or
environmental issues;
•
Whether
the company has management systems and oversight mechanisms in place regarding its social and environmental
performance;
•
The
degree to which industry peers have incorporated similar non-financial performance criteria in their executive compensation
practices; and
•
The
company's current level of disclosure regarding its environmental and social performance.
Human Rights, Human
Capital Management, and International Operations
Human Rights Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
requesting a report on company or company supplier labor and/or
human rights standards and policies unless such information is already publicly disclosed.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for
proposals to implement company or company supplier labor and/or human rights standards
and policies, considering:
The
degree to which existing relevant policies and practices are disclosed;
•
Whether
or not existing relevant policies are consistent with internationally recognized standards;
•
Whether
company facilities and those of its suppliers are monitored and how;
•
Company
participation in fair labor organizations or other internationally recognized human rights initiatives;
•
Scope
and nature of business conducted in markets known to have higher risk of workplace labor/human rights abuse;
•
Recent,
significant company controversies, fines, or litigation regarding human rights at the company or its suppliers;
•
The
scope of the request; and
•
Deviation
from industry sector peer company standards and practices.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for
proposals requesting that a company conduct an assessment of the human rights risks
in its operations or in its supply chain, or report on its human rights risk assessment process, considering:
•
The
degree to which existing relevant policies and practices are disclosed, including information on the implementation of
these policies and any related oversight mechanisms;
•
The
company’s industry and whether the company or its suppliers operate in countries or areas where there is a
history of human rights concerns;
•
Recent
significant controversies, fines, or litigation regarding human rights involving the company or its suppliers, and
whether the company has taken remedial steps; and
•
Whether
the proposal is unduly burdensome or overly prescriptive.
Mandatory Arbitration
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
requests for a report on a company’s use of mandatory arbitration
on employment-related claims, taking into account:
•
The
company's current policies and practices related to the use of mandatory arbitration agreements on workplace claims;
•
Whether
the company has been the subject of recent controversy, litigation, or regulatory actions related to the use
of mandatory arbitration agreements on workplace claims; and
•
The
company's disclosure of its policies and practices related to the use of mandatory arbitration agreements compared
to its peers.
Operations in High
Risk Markets
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
requests for a report on a company’s potential financial and
reputational risks associated with operations in “high-risk”
markets, such as a terrorism-sponsoring state or politically/socially
unstable region, taking into account:
•
The
nature, purpose, and scope of the operations and business involved that could be affected by social or political disruption;
•
Current
disclosure of applicable risk assessment(s) and risk management procedures;
•
Compliance
with U.S. sanctions and laws;
•
Consideration
of other international policies, standards, and laws; and
•
Whether
the company has been recently involved in recent, significant controversies, fines, or litigation related to
its operations in “high-risk”
markets.
Outsourcing/Offshoring
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals calling for companies to report on the risks associated
with outsourcing/plant closures, considering:
•
Controversies
surrounding operations in the relevant market(s);
•
The
value of the requested report to shareholders;
•
The
company’s current level of disclosure of relevant information on outsourcing and plant closure procedures; and
•
The
company’s existing human rights standards relative to industry peers.
Sexual Harassment
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
requests for a report on company actions taken to strengthen
policies and oversight to prevent workplace sexual harassment, or a report on risks posed by a company’s failure
to prevent workplace sexual harassment, taking into account:
•
The
company’s current policies, practices, oversight mechanisms related to preventing workplace sexual harassment;
•
Whether
the company has been the subject of recent controversy, litigation, or regulatory actions related to workplace sexual
harassment issues; and
•
The
company’s disclosure regarding workplace sexual harassment policies or initiatives compared to its industry peers.
Weapons and Military
Sales
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
reports on foreign military sales or offsets, taking
into account;
•
such
disclosures may involve sensitive and confidential information
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for shareholder proposals seeking a report on the renouncement of future landmine production
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for shareholder proposals requesting a report on the involvement, policies, and procedures related
to depleted uranium and nuclear weapons.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote case-by-case on proposals that
call for outright restrictions on foreign military sales.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for shareholder proposals asking companies to review and amend, if necessary, the company’s
code of conduct and statements of ethical criteria for military production related contract bids, awards and
execution.
Political Activities
Lobbying
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals requesting information on a company’s lobbying
(including direct, indirect, and grassroots lobbying) activities, policies, or procedures, considering:
•
The
company’s current disclosure of relevant lobbying policies, and management and board oversight;
•
The
company’s disclosure regarding trade associations or other groups that it supports, or is a member of, that engage
in lobbying activities; and
•
Recent
significant controversies, fines, or litigation regarding the company’s lobbying-related activities.
Political Contributions
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for proposals
requesting greater disclosure of a company's political contributions
and trade association spending policies and activities, considering:
•
The
company's policies, and management and board oversight related to its direct political contributions and payments
to trade associations or other groups that may be used for political purposes;
•
The
company's disclosure regarding its support of, and participation in, trade associations or other groups that may
make political contributions; and
•
Recent
significant controversies, fines, or litigation related to the company's political contributions or political activities.
Vote
case-by-case on proposals barring a company from making political contributions. Businesses are affected by legislation
at the federal, state, and local level; barring political contributions can put the company at a competitive disadvantage.
Vote
case-by-case on proposals to publish in newspapers and other media a company's political contributions. Such publications
could present significant cost to the company without providing commensurate value to shareholders.
Political Ties
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote for
proposals asking a company to affirm political nonpartisanship in
the workplace, considering whether:
•
There
are no recent, significant controversies, fines, or litigation regarding the company’s political contributions or
trade association spending; and
•
The
company has procedures in place to ensure that employee contributions to company-sponsored political action
committees (PACs) are strictly voluntary and prohibit coercion.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for shareholder proposals calling
for the
disclosure
of
prior government service of
the company’s
key executives.
REGISTERED
INVESTMENT COMPANY PROXIES
Election of Directors
General Recommendation:
DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case on the election of directors and trustees.
Closed End Fund
- Unilateral Opt-In to Control Share Acquisition Statutes
General
Recommendation: For closed-end management investment companies
(CEFs), DWS’s policy is to generally vote on a case-by-case
basis for nominating/governance committee members (or other directors on a case-by-case basis)
at CEFs that have not provided a compelling rationale for opting-in to a Control Share Acquisition Statute, nor submitted
a by-law amendment to a shareholder vote.
Converting Closed-end
Fund to Open-end Fund
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on conversion proposals, considering the following factors:
•
Past
performance as a closed-end fund;
•
Market
in which the fund invests;
•
Measures
taken by the board to address the discount; and
•
Past
shareholder activism, board activity, and votes on related proposals.
Proxy Contests
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proxy contests, considering the following factors:
•
Past
performance relative to its peers;
•
Market
in which the fund invests;
•
Measures
taken by the board to address the issues;
•
Past
shareholder activism, board activity, and votes on related proposals;
•
Strategy
of the incumbents versus the dissidents;
•
Independence
of directors;
•
Experience
and skills of director candidates;
•
Governance
profile of the company;
•
Evidence
of management entrenchment.
Investment Advisory
Agreements
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on investment advisory agreements, considering the following
factors:
•
Proposed
and current fee schedules;
•
Fund
category/investment objective;
•
Performance
benchmarks;
•
Share
price performance as compared with peers;
•
Resulting
fees relative to peers;
•
Assignments
(where the advisor undergoes a change of control).
Approving New Classes
or Series of Shares
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on the establishment of new classes or series of shares.
Preferred Stock
Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on the authorization for or increase in preferred shares, considering
the following factors:
•
Stated
specific financing purpose;
•
Possible
dilution for common shares;
•
Whether
the shares can be used for antitakeover purposes.
1940 Act Policies
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on policies under the Investment Advisor Act of 1940, considering
the following factors:
•
Potential
competitiveness;
•
Regulatory
developments;
•
Current
and potential returns; and
•
Current
and potential risk.
DWS’s
policy is to generally vote for these amendments as long as the
proposed changes do not fundamentally alter the investment focus
of the fund and do comply with the current SEC interpretation.
Changing a Fundamental
Restriction to a Nonfundamental Restriction
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to change a fundamental restriction to a non-fundamental
restriction, considering the following factors:
•
The
fund's target investments;
•
The
reasons given by the fund for the change; and
•
The
projected impact of the change on the portfolio.
Change Fundamental
Investment Objective to Nonfundamental
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to change a fund’s fundamental investment
objective to non-fundamental.
Name Change Proposals
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on name change proposals, considering the following factors:
•
Political/economic
changes in the target market;
•
Consolidation
in the target market; and
•
Current
asset composition.
Change in Fund's
Subclassification
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on changes in a fund's sub-classification, considering the following
factors:
•
Potential
competitiveness;
•
Current
and potential returns;
•
Consolidation
in target industry.
Business Development
Companies—Authorization to Sell Shares of Common Stock at a Price below Net Asset
Value
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals authorizing the board to issue shares below Net
Asset Value (NAV) if:
•
The
proposal to allow share issuances below NAV has an expiration date no more than one year from the date shareholders
approve the underlying proposal, as required under the Investment Company Act of 1940;
•
The
sale is deemed to be in the best interests of shareholders by (1) a majority of the company's independent directors
and (2) a majority of the company's directors who have no financial interest in the issuance; and
•
The
company has demonstrated responsible past use of share issuances by either:
•
Outperforming
peers in its 8-digit GICS group as measured by one- and three-year median TSRs; or
•
Providing
disclosure that its past share issuances were priced at levels that resulted in only small or moderate discounts
to NAV and economic dilution to existing non-participating shareholders.
Disposition of
Assets/Termination/Liquidation
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to dispose of assets, to terminate or liquidate,
considering the following factors:
•
Strategies
employed to salvage the company;
•
The
fund’s past performance;
•
The
terms of the liquidation.
Changes to the
Charter Document
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on changes to the charter document, considering the following
factors:
•
The
degree of change implied by the proposal;
•
The
efficiencies that could result;
•
The
state of incorporation;
•
Regulatory
standards and implications.
Changing the Domicile
of a Fund
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on re-incorporations, considering the following factors:
•
Regulations
of both states;
•
Required
fundamental policies of both states;
•
The
increased flexibility available.
Authorizing the
Board to Hire and Terminate Subadvisers Without Shareholder Approval
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals authorizing the board to hire or terminate subadvisers
without shareholder approval if the investment adviser currently employs only one subadviser.
Distribution Agreements
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on distribution agreement proposals, considering the following
factors:
•
Fees
charged to comparably sized funds with similar objectives;
•
The
proposed distributor’s reputation and past performance;
•
The
competitiveness of the fund in the industry;
•
The
terms of the agreement.
Master-Feeder Structure
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on the establishment of a master-feeder structure.
Mergers
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on merger proposals, considering the following factors:
•
Resulting
fee structure;
•
Performance
of both funds;
•
Continuity
of management personnel;
•
Changes
in corporate governance and their impact on shareholder rights.
Shareholder Proposals
for Mutual Funds
Establish Director
Ownership Requirement
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on shareholder proposals that mandate a specific minimum amount
of stock that directors must own in order to qualify as a director or to remain on the board.
Reimburse Shareholder
for Expenses Incurred
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on shareholder proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses.
When supporting the dissidents, vote for the reimbursement of the proxy solicitation expenses.
Terminate the Investment
Advisor
General
Recommendation: DWS’s policy is to generally vote case-by-case
on proposals to terminate the investment advisor, considering
the following factors:
•
Performance
of the fund’s Net Asset Value (NAV);
•
The
fund’s history of shareholder relations;
•
The
performance of other funds under the advisor’s management.
INTERNATIONAL
PROXY VOTING
The
above guidelines pertain to issuers organized in the United States. Proxies solicited by other issuers are voted in
accordance with international guidelines or the recommendation of ISS and in accordance with applicable law and regulation.
Appendix I
Classification
of Directors – U.S.
1.1.
Current
employee or current officer1
of the company or one of its affiliates2.
2.
Non-Independent
Non-Executive Director
Board
Identification
2.1.
Director
identified as not independent by the board.
Controlling/Significant
Shareholder
2.2.
Beneficial
owner of more than 50 percent of the company's voting power (this may be aggregated if voting
power is distributed among more than one member of a group).
Current
Employment at Company or Related Company
2.3.
Non-officer
employee of the firm (including employee representatives).
2.4.
Officer1,
former officer, or general or limited partner of a joint venture or partnership with the company.
Former
Employment
2.5.
Former
CEO of the company.3, 4
2.6.
Former
non-CEO officer1
of the company or an affiliate2
within the past five years.
2.7.
Former
officer1
of an acquired company within the past five years.4
2.8.
Officer1
of a former parent or predecessor firm at the time the company was sold or split off within the
past five years.
2.9.
Former
interim officer if the service was longer than 18 months. If the service was between 12 and 18
months, an assessment of the interim officer’s employment agreement will be made.5
Family
Members
2.10.
Immediate
family member6
of a current or former officer1
of the company or its affiliates2
within the last five years.
2.11.
Immediate
family member6
of a current employee of company or its affiliates2
where additional factors raise concern (which may include, but
are not limited to, the following: a director related to numerous
employees; the company or its affiliates employ relatives of numerous board members; or a
non-Section 16 officer in a key strategic role).
Professional,
Transactional, and Charitable Relationships
Director
who (or whose immediate family member6)
currently provides professional services7
in excess of the $10,000 per year to the company, an affiliate2
or an individual officer of the company or
2.12.
(an
affiliate; or who is (or whose immediate family member6
is) a partner, employee or controlling shareholder of, an organization
which provides services.
Director
who (or whose immediate family member6)
currently has any material transactional relationship8
with the company or its affiliates2.
2.13.
;
or who is (or whose immediate family member6
is) a partner in, or a controlling shareholder or an executive
officer of, an organization which has the material transactional relationship8
(excluding investments in the company through a private placement).
2.14.
Director
who (or whose immediate family member6)
is) a trustee, director, or employee of a charitable or non-profit
organization that receives material grants or endowments8
from the company or its affiliates2.
Other
Relationships
2.15.
Party
to a voting agreement9
to vote in line with management on proposals being brought to shareholder
vote.
2.16.
Has
(or an immediate family member6
has) an interlocking relationship as defined by the SEC involving
members of the board of directors or its Compensation Committee.10
2.17.
Founder11
of the company but not currently an employee.
2.18.
Director
with pay comparable to Named Executive Officers.
2.19.
Any
material12
relationship with the company.
3.1.
No
material12
connection to the company other than a board seat.
Footnotes:
1
The definition of officer will generally follow that of a “Section
16 officer”
(officers subject to Section 16 of the Securities and Exchange
Act of 1934) and includes the chief executive, operating, financial, legal, technology, and accounting
officers of a company (including the president, treasurer, secretary, controller, or any vice president in charge
of a principal business unit, division, or policy function). Current interim officers are included in this category. For
private companies, the equivalent positions are applicable. A non-employee director serving as an officer due to statutory
requirements (e.g. corporate secretary) will generally be classified as a Non-Independent Non-Executive Director
under 2.19: “Any
material relationship with the company.”
However, if the company provides explicit disclosure that the
director is not receiving additional compensation exceeding $10,000 per year for serving in that capacity, then
the director will be classified as an Independent Director.
2
“Affiliate”
includes a subsidiary, sibling company, or parent company. 50 percent control ownership is used by the parent
company as the standard for applying its affiliate designation. The manager/advisor of an externally managed issuer
(EMI) is considered an affiliate.
3
Includes any former CEO of the company prior to the company’s
initial public offering (IPO).
4
When there is a former CEO of a special purpose acquisition company
(SPAC) serving on the board of an acquired company, DWS will
generally classify such directors as independent unless determined otherwise taking into account the
following factors: the applicable listing standards determination of such director’s independence; any operating ties
to the firm; and the existence of any other conflicting relationships or related party transactions.
5
ISS will look at the terms of the interim officer’s employment
contract to determine if it contains severance pay, long-term
health and pension benefits, or other such standard provisions typically contained in contracts of permanent, non-temporary
CEOs. DWS will also consider if a formal search process was under way for a full-time officer at the time.
6
“Immediate
family member”
follows the SEC’s definition of such and covers spouses, parents, children, step-parents, step-children,
siblings, in-laws, and any person (other than a tenant or employee) sharing the household of any director, nominee
for director, executive officer, or significant shareholder of the company.
7
Professional services can be characterized as advisory in nature,
generally involve access to sensitive company information or
to strategic decision-making, and typically have a commission- or fee-based payment structure. Professional services generally
include but are not limited to the following: investment banking/financial advisory services, commercial banking (beyond
deposit services), investment services, insurance services, accounting/audit services, consulting services, marketing
services, legal services, property management services, realtor services, lobbying services, executive search services,
and IT consulting services. The following would generally be considered transactional relationships and not professional
services: deposit services, IT tech support services, educational services, and construction services. The case
of participation in a banking syndicate by a non-lead bank should be considered a transactional (and hence subject to
the associated materiality test) rather than a professional relationship. “Of
Counsel”
relationships are only considered immaterial if the individual
does not receive any form of compensation (in excess of $10,000 per year) from, or is a retired
partner of, the firm providing the professional service. The case of a company providing a professional service to
one of its directors or to an entity with which one of its directors is affiliated, will be considered a transactional rather
than a professional relationship. Insurance services and marketing services are assumed to be professional services
unless the company explains why such services are not advisory.
8
A material transactional relationship, including grants to non-profit
organizations, exists if the company makes annual payments to,
or receives annual payments from, another entity, exceeding the greater of: $200,000 or 5 percent of the
recipient’s gross revenues, for a company that follows NASDAQ listing standards; or the greater of $1,000,000 or
2 percent of the recipient’s gross revenues, for a company that follows NYSE listing standards. For a company that follows
neither of the preceding standards, DWS will apply the NASDAQ-based materiality test. (The recipient is the party
receiving the financial proceeds from the transaction).
9
Dissident directors who are parties to a voting agreement pursuant
to a settlement or similar arrangement may be classified as Independent
Directors if an analysis of the following factors indicates that the voting agreement does not
compromise their alignment with all shareholders’ interests: the terms of the agreement; the duration of the standstill
provision in the agreement; the limitations and requirements of actions that are agreed upon; if the dissident director
nominee(s) is subject to the standstill; and if there any conflicting relationships or related party transactions.
10
Interlocks include: executive officers serving as directors on
each other’s compensation or similar committees (or, in
the absence of such a committee, on the board); or executive officers sitting on each other’s boards and at least one
serves on the other’s compensation or similar committees (or, in the absence of such a committee, on the board).
11
The operating involvement of the founder with the company will
be considered; if the founder was never employed by the company,
DWS may deem him or her an Independent Director.
12
For purposes of ISS’s director independence classification,
“material”
will be defined as a standard of relationship (financial, personal
or otherwise) that a reasonable person might conclude could potentially influence one’s objectivity in
the boardroom in a manner that would have a meaningful impact on an individual's ability to satisfy requisite fiduciary standards
on behalf of shareholders.
PART C. OTHER INFORMATION
Item
28 |
Exhibits |
|
|
|
(a) |
(1) |
Certificate
of Trust of DBX ETF Trust (the “Registrant” or the “Trust”) dated October 7, 2010. (Incorporated
by reference to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”)
on October 25, 2010.) |
|
|
(2) |
Agreement
and Declaration of Trust, dated as of October 7, 2010. (Incorporated
by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on February 9, 2011.) |
|
(b) |
(1) |
By-Laws
of the Trust, dated October 7, 2010, as amended February 25, 2016 and November 14, 2017. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 397 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on December 21, 2017.)
|
|
|
(2) |
Amendment
to the By-Laws, dated November 25, 2019. (Incorporated by reference
to Post-Effective Amendment No. 460 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on December 19, 2019.) |
|
(c) |
(1) |
Instruments
defining the rights of shareholders, including the relevant portions of: the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated as of October 7,
2010 (see Section 4.3). Referenced in exhibits (a)(1) through (a)(2) to this Item, above. |
|
|
(2) |
Instruments
defining the rights of shareholders, including the relevant portions of the Amended and Restated By-Laws, dated November 25, 2019 (see
Article 9). Referenced in exhibits (b)(1) through (b)(2) to this Item, above. |
|
(d) |
(1) |
Investment
Advisory Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, and amended as of August 10, 2021, with a schedule dated as of August 16, 2022, between the
Trust and DBX Advisors LLC. (Filed herein.) |
|
|
(2) |
Amended
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated August 15, 2013, as amended May 20, 2014, July 23, 2015, and February 14, 2017, between DBX Advisors
LLC and Harvest Global Investments Limited. (Incorporated by reference
to Post-Effective Amendment No. 457 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on September 26, 2019.) |
|
(e) |
(1) |
Distribution
Agreement, dated April 16, 2018, between the Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 430 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on September 25, 2018.)
|
|
|
(2) |
Amendment
16, dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Distribution Agreement, dated April 16, 2018, between the Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc.
(Filed herein.) |
|
(f) |
|
Not
applicable. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(g) |
(1) |
Custody
Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Incorporated
by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on May 11, 2011.) |
|
|
(2) |
Amended
and Restated Supplement, Hong Kong – China – Stock Connect Service, dated October 18, 2018, to the Global Custody Agreement,
dated as of January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 457 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on September 26, 2019.) |
|
|
(3) |
Amended
Appendix A dated August 18, 2021, to the Amended and Restated Supplement to the Global Custody Agreement, Hong Kong – China –
Stock Connect Service, dated October 18, 2018, which amends the Global Custody Agreement dated as of January 31, 2011, between the Registrant
and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective
Amendment No. 474 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on August 17, 2021.) |
|
|
(4) |
Amendment,
dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Custody Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon.
(Filed herein.) |
|
|
(5) |
Foreign
Custody Manager Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Incorporated
by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on May 11, 2011.) |
|
|
(6) |
Amendment,
dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Foreign Custody Manager Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and The Bank of
New York Mellon. (Filed herein.) |
|
(h) |
(1) |
Fund
Administration and Accounting Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon.
(Incorporated by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Trust’s
Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on May 11, 2011.) |
|
|
(2) |
Form
of Exhibit A and Schedule II, as revised August 15, 2013 to the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement, dated as of January 31,
2011, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 23 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on August 29, 2013.) |
|
|
(3) |
First
Amendment, dated as of August 30, 2016, to the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2011, between the
Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Incorporated by reference
to Post-Effective Amendment No. 457 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on September 26, 2019.) |
|
|
(4) |
Second
Amendment, dated as of May 22, 2018, to the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2011, between the Registrant
and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective
Amendment No. 457 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on September 26, 2019.) |
|
|
(5) |
Third
Amendment, dated as of July 28, 2022, to the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2011, between the Registrant
and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Filed herein.) |
|
|
(6) |
Amendment,
dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2011, between the Registrant
and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Filed herein.) |
|
|
(7) |
Capital
Gains Tax Reporting Service Agreement, dated August 13, 2019, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 457 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on September 26, 2019.)
|
|
|
(8) |
Corporate
Services Agreement, dated as of July 6, 2016, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(9) |
Amendment,
dated as of January 8, 2020, to the Corporate Services Agreement, dated as of July 6, 2016, between the Registrant and The Bank of New
York Mellon. (Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 464 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on March 11, 2020.) |
|
|
(10) |
Amendment,
dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Corporate Services Agreement, dated as of July 6, 2016, between the Registrant and the Bank of New
York Mellon. (Filed herein.) |
|
|
(11) |
Transfer
Agency and Service Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (Incorporated
by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on May 11, 2011.) |
|
|
(12) |
Amendment,
dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and The Bank
of New York Mellon.(Filed herein.) |
|
|
(13) |
Form
of Authorized Participation Agreement. (Incorporated by reference
to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on May 11, 2011.) |
|
|
(14) |
Expense
Limitation Agreement (with respect to Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF), effective as of October 1, 2022. (Filed herein.)
|
|
|
(15) |
Expense
Limitation Agreement (with respect to Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF), effective as of October 1, 2022. (Filed herein.) |
|
|
(16) |
Expense
Limitation Agreement (with respect to Xtrackers FTSE Developed ex US Multifactor ETF), effective as of December 17, 2021. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 477 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on December 16, 2021.) |
|
|
(17) |
Expense
Limitation Agreement (with respect to Xtrackers USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF), effective as of December 17, 2021. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 477 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on December 16, 2021.)
|
|
|
(18) |
Expense
Limitation Agreement (with respect to Xtrackers High Beta High Yield Bond ETF), effective as of December 17, 2021. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 477 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on December 16, 2021.) |
|
|
(19) |
Expense
Limitation Agreement (with respect to Xtrackers Low Beta High Yield Bond ETF), effective as of December 17, 2021. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 477 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on December 16, 2021.) |
|
|
(20) |
Expense
Limitation Agreement (with respect to Xtrackers S&P 500 ESG ETF), effective as of December 17, 2021. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 477 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on December 16, 2021.) |
|
|
(21) |
Amended
and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement, effective as of August 16, 2022. (Filed herein.) |
|
|
(22) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and Absolute Shares Trust, dated January 19, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(23) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement among DBX ETF Trust, GPS Funds I, GPS Funds II, and Savos Investments Trust, dated January 19, 2022.
(Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s
Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(24) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and Direxion Shares ETF Trust, dated January 19, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(25) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement among DBX ETF Trust and Eaton Vance Growth Trust and Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust, dated January 19, 2022.
(Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s
Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(26)
|
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and E-Valuator Funds Trust, dated January 19, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(27) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement among DBX ETF Trust and the Fidelity Trusts listed on Schedule A, dated January 19, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(28) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and Fidelity Rutland Square Trust II, dated as of January 19, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(29) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and Franklin Fund Allocator Series and Franklin ETF Trust, dated January 19, 2022.
(Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s
Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(30) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust, Goldman Sachs Trust, Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust, Goldman Sachs Trust
II, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust II, Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund, and Goldman Sachs Real Estate
Diversified Income Fund, dated January 19, 2022. (Incorporated by
reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(31) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and Horizon Funds, dated January 19, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(32) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and IndexIQ ETF Funds, dated January 19, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(33) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement among DBX ETF Trust, the Invesco Growth Series, and the Invesco Investment Funds, dated January 19, 2022.
(Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s
Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(34) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and Janus Henderson – Clayton School Trust, dated January 19, 2022.
(Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s
Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(35) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and Janus Investment Fund, dated January 19, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(36) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement among DBX ETF Trust, John Hancock Variable Insurance Trust and John Hancock Funds II, dated January 19,
2022. (Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481
to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(37) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement among DBX ETF Trust and MainStay VP Funds Trust, and MainStay Funds Trust, dated January 19, 2022.
(Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s
Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(38) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and Morningstar Funds Trust, dated January 19, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(39) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and Voya Partners, Inc., dated January 19, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(40) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and Highland Funds I, dated January 25, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(41) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement among DBX ETF Trust, Exchange Traded Concepts Trust, and Exchange Listed Funds Trust, dated April 27, 2022.
(Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s
Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
|
(42) |
Fund
of Funds Investment Agreement between DBX ETF Trust and The Lazard Funds, Inc., dated April 27, 2022. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
(i) |
(1) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Dechert LLP. (Incorporated by reference to
Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on May 11, 2011.) |
|
|
(2) |
Opinion
of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to shares of the Xtrackers Harvest CSI 300 China A-Shares ETF (formerly, db X-trackers Harvest
China Fund). (Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 23 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on August 29, 2013.) |
|
|
(3) |
Opinion
of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to shares of the Xtrackers Harvest CSI 500 China A-Shares Small Cap ETF (formerly, db X-trackers
Harvest China A-Shares Small Cap Fund). (Incorporated by reference
to Post-Effective Amendment No. 79 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with
the SEC on April 7, 2014.) |
|
|
(4) |
Opinion
of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to shares of the Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF (formerly, db X-trackers Harvest MSCI
All-China Equity Fund). (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on April 22, 2014.) |
|
|
(5) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Dechert LLP. (Incorporated by reference to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 430, as filed with the SEC on September 25, 2018.) |
|
|
(6) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Dechert LLP. (Incorporated by reference to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 440, as filed with the SEC on December 21, 2018.) |
|
|
(7) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Dechert LLP. (Incorporated by reference to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 446, as filed with the SEC on February 22, 2019.) |
|
|
(8) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Dechert LLP. (Incorporated by reference to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 447, as filed with the SEC on March 5, 2019.) |
|
|
(9) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Dechert LLP. (Incorporated by reference to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 452, as filed with the SEC on April 10, 2019.) |
|
|
(10) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Dechert LLP. (Incorporated by reference to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 461 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on January 9, 2020.) |
|
|
(11) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Dechert LLP. (Incorporated by reference to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 465 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on May 11, 2020.) |
|
|
(12) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Dechert LLP. (Incorporated by reference to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 472 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on January 25, 2021.) |
|
|
(13) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Vedder Price P.C. (Incorporated by reference
to Post-Effective Amendment No. 478 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on December 20, 2021.) |
|
|
(14) |
Opinion
and Consent of Counsel, Vedder Price P.C. (Incorporated by reference
to Post-Effective Amendment No. 481 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022.) |
|
(j) |
|
Consent
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. (Filed herein.) |
|
(k) |
|
Not
applicable. |
|
(l) |
|
Initial
Share Purchase Agreement between the Registrant and DBX Advisors LLC. (Incorporated
by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on May 11, 2011.) |
|
(m) |
|
Not
applicable. |
|
(n) |
|
Not
applicable. |
|
(o) |
|
Reserved. |
|
(p) |
(1) |
Code
of Ethics of the Registrant, dated May 11, 2021. (Incorporated by
reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 474 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on August 17, 2021.)
|
|
|
(2) |
Global
Code of Ethics – DWS Group, dated July 1, 2021. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 474 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on August 17, 2021.) |
|
|
(3) |
Code
of Ethics of Harvest Global Investments Limited, dated February 2019. (Incorporated
by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 457 to the Trust’s Registration Statement, as filed with the SEC on September 26, 2019.) |
Item 29. Persons controlled by or Under Common Control with
the Fund.
Not applicable.
Item 30. Indemnification.
Pursuant to Article
IX of the Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Trust has agreed that no person who is or has been a Trustee, officer,
or employee of the Trust shall be subject to any personal liability whatsoever to any person, other than the Trust or its Shareholders,
in connection with the affairs of the Trust; and all persons shall look solely to the Trust property or property of a Series for satisfaction
of claims of any nature arising in connection with the affairs of the Trust or such Series.
Every note, bond, contract,
instrument, certificate, Share or undertaking and every other act or thing whatsoever executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust or
the Trustees or any of them in connection with the Trust shall be conclusively deemed to have been executed or done only in or with respect
to their or his capacity as Trustees or Trustee and neither such Trustees or Trustee nor the Shareholders shall be personally liable thereon.
All Persons extending
credit to, contracting with or having any claim against the Trust or a Series shall look only to the assets of the Trust property or the
Trust property of such Series for payment under such credit, contract or claim; and neither the Trustees, nor any of the Trust’s
officers, employees or agents, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor.
No person
who is or has been a Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust shall be liable to the Trust or to any Shareholder for any action or failure
to act except for his or her own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties involved
in the conduct of the individual’s office, and for nothing else, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact
or law.
Without limiting the foregoing
limitations of liability, a Trustee shall not be responsible for or liable in any event for any neglect or wrongdoing of any officer,
employee, investment adviser, sub-adviser, principal underwriter, custodian or other agent of the Trust, nor shall any Trustee be responsible
or liable for the act or omission of any other Trustee (or for the failure to compel in any way any former or acting Trustee to redress
any breach of trust), except in the case of such Trustee’s own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard
of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Manager.
With respect to each of
DBX Advisors LLC and Harvest Global Investments Limited (collectively, the “Advisers”), the response to this Item will be
incorporated by reference to the Advisers’ Uniform Applications for Investment Adviser Registration (“Form ADV”) on
file with the SEC. Each Adviser’s Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
Item 32. Principal Underwriters.
(a) ALPS Distributors, Inc. acts as
the distributor for the Registrant and the following investment companies: 1WS Credit Income Fund, 1290 Funds, Aberdeen Standard Investments
ETFs, Alpha Alternative Assets Fund, ALPS Series Trust, Alternative Credit Income Fund, Apollo Diversified Credit Fund (fka Griffin Institutional
Access Credit Fund), Apollo Diversified Real Estate Fund (fka Griffin Institutional Access Real Estate Fund), The Arbitrage Funds, AQR
Funds, Axonic Alternative Income Fund, Axonic Funds, BBH Trust, Bluerock High Income Institutional Credit Fund, Bluerock Total Income+
Real Estate Fund, Brandes Investment Trust, Bridge Builder Trust, Broadstone Real Estate Access Fund, Brown Advisory Funds, Brown Capital
Management Mutual Funds, Cambria ETF Trust, Centre Funds, CIM Real Assets & Credit Fund, CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund, Columbia
ETF Trust, Columbia ETF Trust I, Columbia ETF Trust II, CRM Mutual Fund Trust, Cullen Funds Trust, DBX ETF Trust, ETF Series Solutions,
Flat Rock Core Income Fund, Flat Rock Opportunity Fund, Financial Investors Trust, Firsthand Funds, FS Credit Income Fund, FS Energy Total
Return Fund, FS Series Trust, FS Multi-Alternative Income Fund, Goehring & Rozencwajg Investment Funds, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust, Graniteshares
ETF Trust, Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, Hartford Funds NextShares Trust, Heartland Group, Inc., IndexIQ Active ETF Trust, IndexIQ
ETF Trust, James Advantage Funds, Janus Detroit Street Trust, Lattice Strategies Trust, Litman Gregory Funds Trust, Longleaf Partners
Funds Trust, MassMutual Premier Funds, MassMutual Advantage Funds, Meridian Fund, Inc., MVP Private Markets Fund, Natixis ETF Trust, Natixis
ETF Trust II, PRIMECAP Odyssey Funds, Principal Exchange-Traded Funds, Reality Shares ETF Trust, Reaves Utility Income Fund, RiverNorth
Funds, RiverNorth Opportunities Fund, Inc., RiverNorth/DoubleLine Strategic Opportunity Fund, Inc., SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average
ETF Trust, SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust, SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF Trust, Sprott Funds Trust, Stone Harbor Investment Funds, Stone Ridge
Trust, Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, Stone Ridge Trust VI, Stone Ridge Residential
Real Estate Income Fund I, Inc., USCF ETF Trust, Valkyrie ETF Trust II, Wasatch Funds, WesMark Funds, Wilmington Funds, XAI Octagon Credit
Trust, X-Square Balanced Fund and YieldStreet Prism Fund.
(b) To the best of Registrant’s knowledge, the
directors and executive officers of ALPS Distributors, Inc., are as follows:
Name* |
Position
with Underwriter |
Positions
with Fund |
Stephen
J. Kyllo |
President,
Chief Operating Officer, Director, Chief Compliance Officer |
None |
Patrick
J. Pedonti** |
Vice
President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary |
None |
Eric
Parsons |
Vice
President, Controller and Assistant Treasurer |
None |
Jason
White*** |
Secretary |
None |
Richard
C. Noyes |
Senior
Vice President, General Counsel, Assistant Secretary |
None |
Liza
Orr |
Vice
President, Senior Counsel |
None |
Jed
Stahl |
Vice
President, Senior Counsel |
None |
Terence
Digan |
Vice
President |
None |
James
Stegall |
Vice President |
None |
Gary
Ross |
Senior
Vice President |
None |
Hilary
Quinn |
Vice
President |
None |
|
|
|
|
|
* Except as otherwise noted, the principal business address for each of
the above directors and executive officers is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.
** The principal business address for Mr. Pedonti is 333 W. 11th
Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, Missouri 64105.
*** The principal business address for Mr. White is 4 Times Square, New
York, NY 10036.
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records.
The accounts and records of the Registrant are located, in whole or in
part, at the office of the Registrant and the following locations:
Registrant |
DBX ETF Trust |
|
100 Summer Street
Boston, MA 02110-2146
|
Investment Advisor |
DBX Advisors LLC
875 Third Avenue
New York, NY 10022-6225 |
|
|
|
DBX Advisors LLC
100 Summer Street
Boston, MA 02110-2146 |
|
|
Sub-advisor |
Harvest Global Investments Limited
31/F, One Exchange Square,
8 Connaught Place
Central, Hong Kong |
|
|
Distributor |
ALPS Distributors, Inc.
1290 Broadway, Suite 1000
Denver, CO 80203-5603 |
|
|
Administrator, Transfer
Agent and Custodian |
The Bank of New York Mellon
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286 |
|
|
Regulatory Administrator |
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.
201 Washington Street
Boston, MA 02108-4403 |
|
|
Storage Vendor |
Iron Mountain Incorporated
1 Federal Street
Boston, MA 02110-2012 |
|
|
|
Iron Mountain Incorporated
12646 NW 115th Avenue
Medley, FL 33178-3179 |
|
|
Item 34. Management Services.
There are no management related service contracts not discussed
in Part A or Part B.
Item 35. Undertakings.
None.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of
this Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this amendment to its Registration
Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized, in the City of New York and the State of New York on
the 22nd day of September 2022.
DBX ETF TRUST
By: /s/Freddi
Klassen
Freddi Klassen*
President and
Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of
the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-Effective Amendment to its Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons
in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
SIGNATURE |
TITLE |
DATE |
|
|
|
/s/Stephen
R. Byers |
|
|
Stephen
R. Byers* |
Trustee and Chairman |
September 22, 2022 |
|
|
|
/s/George O. Elston |
|
|
George O. Elston* |
Trustee |
September 22, 2022 |
|
|
|
/s/Diane Kenneally |
|
|
Diane Kenneally |
Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer and
Controller |
September 22, 2022 |
|
|
|
/s/Freddi Klassen |
|
|
Freddi Klassen* |
President and Chief Executive Officer |
September 22, 2022 |
|
|
|
/s/J. David Officer |
|
|
J. David Officer* |
Trustee |
September 22, 2022 |
|
|
|
*By:
/s/ Caroline Pearson
Caroline Pearson**
Assistant Secretary
DBX ETF TRUST
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
Ex. Number |
Description |
|
|
|
|
(d)(1) |
Investment Advisory Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, and amended as of August 10, 2021, with a schedule dated as of August 16, 2022,
between the Trust and DBX Advisors LLC. |
|
|
|
|
(e)(2) |
Amendment 16, dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Distribution Agreement, dated April 16, 2018, between the Registrant and ALPS Distributors,
Inc. |
|
|
|
|
(g)(4) |
Amendment, dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Custody Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York
Mellon. |
|
|
|
|
(g)(6) |
Amendment, dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Foreign Custody Manager Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and The
Bank of New York Mellon. |
|
|
|
|
(h)(5) |
Third Amendment, dated as of July 28, 2022, to the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2011, between
the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. |
|
|
|
|
(h)(6) |
Amendment, dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2011, between the
Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. |
|
|
|
|
(h)(10) |
Amendment, dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Corporate Services Agreement, dated as of July 6, 2016, between the Registrant and the
Bank of New York Mellon. |
|
|
|
|
(h)(12) |
Amendment, dated as of August 16, 2022, to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, between the Registrant and
The Bank of New York Mellon. |
|
|
|
|
(h)(14) |
Expense Limitation Agreement (with respect to Xtrackers International Real Estate ETF), effective as of October 1, 2022. |
|
|
|
|
(h)(15) |
Expense Limitation Agreement (with respect to Xtrackers MSCI All China Equity ETF), effective as of October 1, 2022. |
|
|
|
|
(h)(21) |
Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement, effective as of August 16, 2022. |
|
|
|
|
(j) |
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. |
EXHIBIT
LIST FOR INTERACTIVE DATA FILES
|
Ex. Number |
Description |
|
|
|
|
EX-101.INS |
XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear on the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within
the Inline XBRL document. |
|
|
|
|
EX-101.SCH |
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
|
|
|
|
EX-101.CAL |
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
|
|
|
|
EX-101.DEF |
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
|
|
|
|
EX-101.LAB |
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
|
|
|
|
EX-101.PRE |
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |