Fair Value

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

8. Fair Value

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined using assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The standard establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring assets or liabilities at fair value. Market price observability is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of investment and the characteristics specific to the asset or liability. Assets or liabilities with readily available active quoted prices, or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices, generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

The following table presents the fair value measurement hierarchy levels required under ASC 820 for the Company’s liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:



	September 30, 2020											December 31, 2019
	Fair Value Measurements Using											Fair Value Measurements Using
thousands	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)			Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Interest rate derivative liabilities	$	56,931		$	—		$	56,931		$	—	$	40,135		$	—		$	40,135		$	—

The fair values of interest rate derivatives are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves.

The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows:



		September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
thousands	Fair Value Hierarchy	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Assets:
Cash and Restricted cash	Level 1	$	1,090,501	$	1,090,501	$	620,135	$	620,135
Accounts receivable, net (a)	Level 3	10,087		10,087		12,279		12,279
Notes receivable, net (b)	Level 3	52,136		52,136		36,379		36,379

Liabilities:
Fixed-rate debt (c)	Level 2	2,387,189		2,395,405		1,908,660		1,949,773
Variable-rate debt (c)	Level 2	1,866,406		1,866,406		2,229,958		2,229,958


(a)	Accounts receivable, net is shown net of an allowance of $20.8 million at September 30, 2020, and $15.6 million at December 31, 2019.


(b)	Notes receivable, net is shown net of an allowance of $0.2 million at both September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019.


(c)	Excludes related unamortized financing costs.

The carrying amounts of Cash and Restricted cash, Accounts receivable, net and Notes receivable, net approximate fair value because of the short‑term maturity of these instruments.

The fair value of the Company’s Senior Notes, included in fixed-rate debt in the table above, is based upon the trade price closest to the end of the period presented. The fair value of other fixed-rate debt in the table above was estimated based on a discounted future cash payment model, which includes risk premiums and risk-free rates derived from the current LIBOR or U.S. Treasury obligation interest rates. Please refer to Note 7 - Mortgages, Notes and Loans Payable, Net in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The discount rates reflect the Company’s judgment as to what the approximate current lending rates for loans or groups of loans with similar maturities and credit quality would be if credit markets were operating efficiently and assuming that the debt is outstanding through maturity.

The carrying amounts for the Company’s variable-rate debt approximate fair value given that the interest rates are variable and adjust with current market rates for instruments with similar risks and maturities.

The below table includes a non-financial asset that was measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis resulting in the property being impaired during the nine months ended September 30, 2020:



			Fair Value Measurements Using
thousands	Total Fair Value Measurement		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Operating Assets:
Outlet Collection at Riverwalk (a)	$	46,794	$	—	$	—	$	46,794

(a)

The fair value was measured as of the impairment date based on a discounted cash flow analysis using a capitalization rate of 10.0% and is shown net of transaction costs. Refer to Note 5 - Impairment for additional information.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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