sccv20240630d

U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☑	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period of June 30, 2024

☐	TRANSITION QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 333-168195

FIRSTHAND TECHNOLOGY VALUE FUND, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

Maryland
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)

27-3008946
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No)

150 Almaden Boulevard, Suite 1250
San Jose, California
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

95113
(Zip Code)

Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (408) 886-7096

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☑ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

☐ Large Accelerated Filer

☑ Non-accelerated Filer

☐ Accelerated Filer

☐ Smaller Reporting Company

☑ Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
☐Yes ☑ No☐

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class	Outstanding at June 30, 2024
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share	6,893,056

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Table of Contents

Item 1. Financial Statements	2
Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities as of June 30, 2024 (Unaudited) and December 31, 202 3	2
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023	3
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023	4
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023	5
Selected Per Share Data and Ratios for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 (Unaudited) (Consolidated), for the Year Ended December 31, 2023 (Consolidated), for the Year Ended December 31, 2022 (Consolidated), for the Year Ended December 31, 2021 (Consolidated), for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (Consolidated), and for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 (Consolidated)	6
Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of June 30, 2024 (Unaudited) and for the Year Ended December 31, 2023	8
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	23
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	43
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	52
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	54
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION	55
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	56
Item 1A. Risk Factors	56
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	56
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	56
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	56
Item 5. Other Information	56
Item 6. Exhibits	56
SIGNATURES	57

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities

	AS OF June 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)			AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023
ASSETS
Investment securities:
Unaffiliated investments at acquisition cost	$	1,015,450	*	$	1,173,502	*
Affiliated investments at acquisition cost		662,235			662,235
Controlled investments at acquisition cost		132,111,932			132,131,932
Total acquisition cost	$	133,789,617		$	133,967,669

Unaffiliated investments at market value	$	15,450	*	$	173,502	*
Affiliated investments at market value		354,910			299,932
Controlled investments at market value		5,306,326			8,260,345
Total Market value** (Note 6)		5,676,686			8,733,779
Foreign currency at value (cost $2,629 and 2,629)		2,707			2,765
Receivable from dividends and interest		9,770			8,161
Other assets		12,250			63,649
Total Assets		5,701,413			8,808,354
LIABILITIES
Due to Custodian		10,000			—
Payable to affiliates (Note 4)		4,216,017			7,183,782
Trustees’ fees payable		30,558			13,891
Consulting fee payable		42,000			43,000
Accrued expenses and other payables		384,918			307,310
Total Liabilities		4,683,493			7,547,983
NET ASSETS	$	1,017,920		$	1,260,371

Net Assets consist of:
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share 100,000,000 shares authorized	$	6,893		$	6,893
Paid-in-capital		176,770,722			176,770,722
Total distributable earnings (loss)		(175,759,695	)		(175,517,244	)
NET ASSETS	$	1,017,920		$	1,260,371

Shares of Common Stock outstanding		7,016,432			7,016,432
Shares of Treasury Stock outstanding		(123,376	)		(123,376	)
Total Shares of Common Stock outstanding		6,893,056			6,893,056
Net asset value per share (Note 2)	$	0.15		$	0.18

Includes Fidelity Investment Money Market Treasury Portfolio - Class I, which invests primarily in U.S. Treasury securities. The yields as of 06/30/24 and 12/31/23 were 5.19% and 5.23%, respectively. Please see https://fundresearch.fidelity.com/mutual-funds/summary/316175504 for additional information.

**	Includes warrants whose primary risk exposure is equity contracts.

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)

	FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED						FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED
	June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023				June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023
INVESTMENT INCOME
Unaffiliated interest	$	292		$	(18,808	)		$	2,337		$	23,471
Affiliated/controlled interest		29,664			150,484				59,664			299,467
TOTAL INVESTMENT INCOME		29,956			131,676				62,001			322,938

EXPENSES
Investment advisory fees (Note 4)		25,953			146,723				59,656			339,543
Administration fees		30,219			29,001				59,245			57,504
Custody fees		592			4,440				1,635			6,600
Transfer agent fees		5,949			12,633				11,353			20,511
Registration and filing fees		8,814			8,801				17,627			17,505
Professional fees		89,289			96,540				157,104			162,309
Printing fees		21,038			85,923				42,075			100,471
Trustees fees		5,554			3,336				41,667			22,086
Compliance fees		27,508			29,612				55,017			58,900
Miscellaneous fees		19,804			21,770				39,617			42,701
TOTAL GROSS EXPENSES		234,720			438,779				484,996			828,130
Less waiver and/or reimbursement (Note 4)		(25,953	)		—				(3,059,656	)		—
TOTAL NET EXPENSES		208,767			438,779				(2,574,660	)		828,130
NET INVESTMENT INCOME/(LOSS)		(178,811	)		(307,103	)			2,636,661			(505,192	)
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments:
Net realized gains (losses) from security transactions on:
Affiliated/controlled		—			—				—			(7,864,997	)
Foreign currency		—			16				—			16
Net realized gains (losses)		—			16				—			(7,864,981	)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on:
Affiliated/controlled investments and foreign currency		864,087			(13,505,591	)			(3,043,836	)		(10,948,320	)
Affiliated/controlled warrants investments ⁽¹⁾		164,724			(955,633	)			164,724			(192,042	)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)		1,028,811			(14,461,224	)			(2,879,112	)		(11,140,362	)
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments		1,028,811			(14,461,208	)			(2,879,112	)		(19,005,343	)
Net Increase (Decrease) In Net Assets Resulting From Operations	$	850,000		$	(14,768,311	)		$	(242,451	)	$	(19,510,535	)
Net Increase (Decrease) In Net Assets Per Share Resulting From Operations ⁽²⁾	$	0.12		$	(2.14	)		$	(0.04	)	$	(2.83	)

(1)

Primary exposure is equity risk.

(2)

Per share results are calculated based on weighted average shares outstanding for each period.

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

	FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2024			FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023			FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2024			FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net increase (decrease) in Net Assets resulting from operations	$	850,000		$	(14,768,311	)	$	(242,451	)	$	(19,510,535	)
Adjustments to reconcile net increase (decrease) in Net Assets derived from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Purchases of investments		—			(100,000	)		—			(100,000	)
Proceeds from disposition of investments		20,000			—			120,000			498,425
Net purchases/sales from short-term investments		27,867			387,743			57,981			105,273
Increase (decrease) in dividends, interest, and reclaims receivable		651			(96,581	)		(1,609	)		(264,896	)
Increase (decrease) in due to Custodian		9,723			(10,000	)		10,000			—
Increase (decrease) in payable to affiliates		32,311			176,336			(2,967,765	)		398,443
Increase (decrease) in other assets		26,124			25,426			51,399			16,863
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other payables		62,198			(76,387	)		93,275			(149,544	)
Net realized gain (loss) from investments		—			—			—			7,864,995
Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) from investments, other assets, and warrants transactions		(1,028,811	)		14,461,135			2,879,112			11,140,275
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		63			(639	)		(58	)		(701	)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net cash provided by financing activities		—			—			—			—

Net increase (decrease) in cash		63			(639	)		(58	)		(701	)
Cash and foreign currency - beginning of period		2,644			3,342			2,765			3,404
Cash and foreign currency - end of period	$	2,707		$	2,703		$	2,707		$	2,703

See accompanying notes to financial statements

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets (Unaudited)

	FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2024			FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023			FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2024			FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023
FROM OPERATIONS:
Net investment income (loss)	$	(178,811	)		(307,103	)	$	2,636,661		$	(505,192	)
Net realized gain (loss) from security transactions and foreign currency		—			16			—			(7,864,981	)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments		1,028,811			(14,461,224	)		(2,879,112	)		(11,140,362	)
Net increase (decrease) in net assets from operations		850,000			(14,768,311	)		(242,451	)		(19,510,535	)

TOTAL INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS		850,000			(14,768,311	)		(242,451	)		(19,510,535	)

NET ASSETS:
Beginning of period		167,920			25,867,367			1,260,371			30,609,591
End of period	$	1,017,920		$	11,099,056		$	1,017,920		$	11,099,056

COMMON STOCK ACTIVITY:
Shares outstanding, beginning of period		6,893,056			6,893,056			6,893,056			6,893,056
Shares outstanding, end of period		6,893,056			6,893,056			6,893,056			6,893,056

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Financial Highlights
Selected per share data and ratios for a share outstanding throughout each period

	FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2024 (Unaudited)			FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023			FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022			FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021			FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020			FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019
Net asset value at beginning of period	$	0.18		$	4.44		$	13.75		$	14.82		$	17.70		$	26.69
Income from investment operations:
Net investment income (loss), before deferred taxes		0.38			0.16			(1.81	)		0.44	⁽¹⁾		0.09	⁽¹⁾		0.90	⁽¹⁾
Deferred tax benefit		—			—			—			—			—			(0.08	)
Net investment gain (losses)		0.38			0.16			(1.81	)		0.44			0.09			0.82
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments, before deferred taxes		(0.41	)		(4.42	)		(7.50	)		(1.51	)		(2.30	)		(12.15	)
Deferred tax expense		—			—			—			—			(1.13	)		2.34
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments, after deferred taxes		(0.41	)		(4.42	)		(7.50	)		(1.51	)		(3.43	)		(9.81	)
Total from investment operations		(0.03	)		(4.26	)		(9.31	)		(1.07	)		(3.34	)		(8.99	)

Distributions from:
Realized capital gains		—			—			—			—			—			—
Anti-dilutive effect from capital share transactions		—			—			—			—			0.46			—
Net asset value at end of period	$	0.15		$	0.18		$	4.44		$	13.75		$	14.82		$	17.70

Market value at end of period	$	0.07		$	0.30		$	0.95		$	4.01		$	4.47		$	6.43

Total Return
Based on Net Asset Value		(16.67	)%^(A)		(95.95	)%		(67.71	)%		(7.22	)%		(16.27	)%		(33.68	)%
Based on Market Value		(76.67	)%^(A)		(68.42	)%		(76.31	)%		(10.29	)%		(30.48	)%		(42.59	)%

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Financial Highlights - continued
Selected per share data and ratios for a share outstanding throughout each period

	FOR THE SIX
	MONTHS ENDED			FOR THE			FOR THE			FOR THE			FOR THE			FOR THE
	JUNE 30,			YEAR ENDED			YEAR ENDED			YEAR ENDED			YEAR ENDED			YEAR ENDED
	2024			DECEMBER 31,			DECEMBER 31,			DECEMBER 31,			DECEMBER 31,			DECEMBER 31,
	(Unaudited)			2023			2022			2021			2020			2019
Net Assets at end of period (millions)	$	1.0		$	1.3		$	30.6		$	94.8		$	102.1		$	127.1
Ratio of total expenses to average net assets:
Before tax (benefit)/expense		(792.25	)%^(B)		(7.21	)%		4.11	%		3.12	%		3.10	%		(2.84	)%⁽²⁾
Deferred tax (benefit)/expense⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾		—			—			—			—			8.02	%⁽⁵⁾		(9.91	)%
Total expenses		(792.25	)%^(B)		(7.21	)%		4.11	%		3.12	%		11.12	%		(12.75	)%⁽²⁾
Total expenses, excluding incentive fees and deferred tax expense		(792.25	)%^(B)		(7.21	)%		4.11	%		3.12	%		3.10	%		2.80	%
Total expenses, excluding incentive fees, deferred tax expense and fee waiver		149.24	%^(B)		11.91	%		4.11	%		3.12	%		3.10	%		2.80	%
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets:
Before tax benefit		811.33	%^(B)		8.13	%		(20.96	)%		2.94	%		0.64	%		3.93	%⁽²⁾
Deferred tax benefit ⁽⁴⁾⁽⁶⁾		—			—			—			—			—			(0.33	)%
Net investment income (loss)		811.33	%^(B)		8.13	%		(20.96	)%		2.94	%		0.64	%		3.60	%
Net investment income before fee waiver		(130.16	)%^(B)		(10.99	)%		(20.96	)%		2.94	%		0.64	%		3.60	%

Portfolio turnover rate		0	%^(A)		1	%		15	%		16	%		13	%		18	%

(1)

Calculated using average shares outstanding.

(2)

Amount includes the incentive fee. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the ratio of the incentive fee to average net assets was (5.64)%.

(3)

Deferred tax expense estimate is derived from net investment income (loss), and realized and unrealized gains (losses).

(4)

The deferred tax expense and tax benefit are based on average net assets.

(5)

As restated to reflect the removal of parenthetical notation to appropriately present ratio as deferred tax expense.

(6)

Deferred tax benefit estimate for the ratio calculation is derived from net investment income (loss) only.

(A)

Not Annualized.

(B)

Annualized.

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)				Interest				SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	Maturity	Rate		ACQUISITION DATE			VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
EQX CAPITAL, INC. (3.5%)
Equipment Leasing	Common Stock (1)(2)(4)*				6/10/2016				100,000	$	20,000	$	0
	Preferred Stock - Series A (1)(2)(4)*				6/10/2016	-	11/7/2016		1,930,000		1,930,000		35,448
													35,448

HERA SYSTEMS, INC. (509.2%)
Aerospace	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		10%	12/29/2022				5,359,791		5,359,791		4,046,973
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)	12/31/2024		10%	12/29/2022				1,200,000		1,200,000		906,074
	Preferred Stock - Series A (1)(2)(4)*				9/18/2015				3,642,324		2,000,000		0
	Preferred Stock - Series B (1)(2)(4)*				8/7/2017	-	2/1/2019		7,039,203		6,587,102		47,653
	Preferred Stock - Series C (1)(2)(4)*				8/7/2019	-	2/12/2020		2,650,000		2,650,000		17,939
	Preferred Stock Warrants - Series B (1)(2)(4)*				7/9/2018	-	9/4/2018		12,250,000		0		82,649
	Preferred Stock Warrants - Series B (1)(2)(4)*				2/1/2019				5,250,000		0		35,421
	Preferred Stock Warrants - Series B (1)(2)(4)*				8/7/2017				6,214,922		0		41,931
	Preferred Stock Warrants - Series B (1)(2)(4)*				9/28/2017				700,000		0		4,723
													5,183,363

INTRAOP MEDICAL CORP. (8.6%) Medical Devices	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	10/11/2019				500,000		500,000		1,574
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	10/22/2021				1,000,000		1,000,000		3,147
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	10/29/2019				500,000		500,000		1,574

See accompanying notes to financial statements

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)						SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	Maturity	Interest Rate		ACQUISITION DATE	VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
INTRAOP MEDICAL CORP. *(continued)*	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	10/6/2021		500,000	$	500,000	$	1,573
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	11/12/2021		500,000		500,000		1,573
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	11/29/2021		500,000		500,000		1,573
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	12/31/2018		10,961,129		10,961,129		34,492
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	2/27/2020		1,000,000		1,000,000		3,147
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	2/28/2022		200,000		200,000		629
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	3/25/2020		500,000		500,000		1,574
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	3/30/2022		150,000		150,000		472
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	4/20/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		3,147
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	4/6/2022		350,000		350,000		1,101
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	3/8/2020		400,000		400,000		1,259
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	6/10/2021		500,000		500,000		1,573

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)						SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	INTEREST RATE		ACQUISITION DATE	VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
INTRAOP MEDICAL CORP. *(continued)*	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	6/10/2022		700,000	$	700,000	$	2,203
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	7/12/2019		1,300,000		1,300,000		4,091
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	7/16/2021		500,000		500,000		1,573
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	7/31/2020		500,000		500,000		1,573
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	8/28/2020		750,000		750,000		2,360
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	9/22/2021		500,000		500,000		1,573
	Preferred Stock - Series C (1)(2)(4)*				7/12/2013		26,856,187		26,299,939		0
	Term Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		8%	2/10/2017		2,000,000		2,000,000		6,294
	Term Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		8%	2/28/2014		3,000,000		3,000,000		9,440
											87,515
LYNCEAN TECHNOLOGIES, INC. (0.0%) Semiconductor Equipment	Preferred Stock - Series B (1)(4)*				7/3/2018		869,792		1,000,000		0

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)								SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	INTEREST RATE		ACQUISITION DATE			VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
REVASUM, INC. (0.0%) Semiconductor Equipment	CDIs (2)(4)*				11/14/2016	-	10/3/2022		39,774,889	$	9,268,218	$	0

UCT COATINGS, INC. (34.9%) Advanced Materials	Common Stock (1)(3)(4)*				4/18/2011				1,500,000		662,235		354,910

WRIGHTSPEED, INC.
(0.0%) Automotive	Common Stock (1)(2)(4)*				6/7/2019				69,102		7,460,851		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	1/10/2023				100,000		100,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	10/23/2020				1,050,000		1,050,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	10/20/2021				1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	10/21/2022				135,000		135,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	10/5/2021				700,000		700,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	11/11/2020				400,000		400,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	11/14/2022				165,000		165,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	11/23/2021				1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	11/24/2020				375,000		375,000		0

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)						SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	INTEREST RATE		ACQUISITION DATE	VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
WRIGHTSPEED, INC. *(continued)*	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	12/11/2020		400,000	$	400,000	$	0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	12/23/2020		2,000,000		2,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	12/28/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	12/9/2022		125,000		125,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	2/23/2021		1,400,000		1,400,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	2/23/2022		200,000		200,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	3/11/2022		185,000		185,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	4/12/2021		1,200,000		1,200,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	4/14/2022		65,000		65,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	5/10/2022		250,000		250,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	5/18/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	5/26/2022		250,000		250,000		0

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)						SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	INTEREST RATE		ACQUISITION DATE	VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
WRIGHTSPEED, INC. *(continued)*	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	6/10/2022		250,000	$	250,000	$	0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	6/22/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	6/28/2022		250,000		250,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	6/7/2019		4,929,015		4,929,015		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	7/13/2022		250,000		250,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	7/26/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	7/28/ 2022		250,000		250,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	8/12/2020		750,000		750,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	8/12/2022		250,000		250,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	8/19/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	9/10/2022		900,000		900,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2025		12%	9/22/2021		300,000		300,000		0

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO

COMPANY

(% OF NET

ASSETS)

SHARES/PAR

AND INDUSTRY

TYPE OF INVESTMENT

MATURITY

INTEREST RATE

ACQUISITION DATE

VALUE ($)

COST BASIS

VALUE

WRIGHTSPEED, INC. (continued)

Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)

12/31/2024

18%

7/25/2023

40,000

Preferred Stock - Series AA *(1)(2)(4)

6/7/2019

7/20/2020

60,733,693

17,355,887

INVESTMENT COMPANY (1.5%)

Fidelity Investments Money Market Treasury Portfolio - Class I (4)

Various

15,450

15,450

TOTAL INVESTMENTS (Cost $133,789,617 —557.7%

5,676,686

LIABILITIES IN EXCESS OF OTHER ASSETS — (457.7)%

(4,658,766

)

NET ASSETS — 100.0%

1,017,920

All investments except the Fidelity Investments Money Market Portfolio are considered qualifying investments.

CDI: CHESS Depositary Interests

*	Non-income producing security.

(1)

Restricted security. Fair Value is determined by or under the direction of the Company’s Board of Directors (see Note 3). At June 30, 2024, we held $5,661,236 (or 556.2% of net assets) in restricted securities (see Note 2).

(2)

Controlled investments.

(3)

Affiliated issuer.

(4)

Fair Value Level 3 security (556.2% of net assets).

(5)

The Fidelity Investments Money Market Treasury Portfolio invests primarily in U.S. Treasury securities.

(6)

Security whose interest accrues until maturity however, based on June 30, 2024 valuation no such interest accrued during period ended June 30, 2024.

See accompanying notes to financial statement

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

DECEMBER 31, 2023 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)			INTEREST				SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	RATE	ACQUISITION DATE			VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
EQX CAPITAL, INC. (8.8)%	Common Stock (1)(2)(4)*			June 10, 2016				100,000	$	20,000	$	55
Equipment Leasing	Preferred Stock - Series A (1)(2)(4)*			June 10, 2016	-	11/7/2016		1,950,000		1,950,000		110,172
												110,227

HERA SYSTEMS, INC. (333.2%) Aerospace	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)	12/31/2024	10%	12/29/2022				1,200,000		1,200,000		768,317
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024	10%	12/29/2022				5,359,791		5,359,791		3,431,683
	Preferred Stock - Series A (1)(2)(4)*			9/18/2015				3,642,324		2,000,000		0
	Preferred Stock - Series B (1)(2)(4)*			8/7/2017	-	2/1/2019		7,039,203		6,587,102		0
	Preferred Stock - Series C (1)(2)(4)*			8/7/2019	-	2/12/2020		2,650,000		2,650,000		0
	Preferred Stock Warrants - Series B (1)(2)(4)*			7/9/2018	-	9/4/2018		12,250,000		0		0
	Preferred Stock Warrants - Series B (1)(2)(4)*			2/1/2019				5,250,000		0		0
	Preferred Stock Warrants - Series B (1)(2)(4)*			8/7/2017				6,214,922		0		0
	Preferred Stock Warrants - Series B (1)(2)(4)*			9/28/2017				700,000		0		0
												4,200,000

INTRAOP MEDICAL CORP. (7.0)% Medical Devices	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024	15%	12/31/2018				10,961,129		10,961,129		34,570
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024	15%	7/12/2019				1,300,000		1,300,000		4,100
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024	15%	10/11/2019				500,000		500,000		1,577

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

DECEMBER 31, 2023 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)						SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	INTEREST RATE		ACQUISITION DATE	VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
INTRAOP MEDICAL CORP. (continued)	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	10/29/2019		500,000	$	500,000	$	1,577
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	2/27/2020		1,000,000		1,000,000		3,154
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	3/25/2020		500,000		500,000		1,577
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	5/8/2020		400,000		400,000		1,261
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	7/31/2020		500,000		500,000		1,577
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	7/28/2020		750,000		750,000		2,365
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	4/20/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		3,154
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	6/10/2021		500,000		500,000		1,577
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	7/16/2021		500,000		500,000		1,577
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	9/22/2021		500,000		500,000		1,577
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	10/6/2021		500,000		500,000		1,577
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	10/22/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		3,154

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

DECEMBER 31, 2023 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)						SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	INTEREST RATE		ACQUISITION DATE	VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
INTRAOP MEDICAL CORP. (continued)	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	11/12//2021		500,000	$	500,000	$	1,577
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	11/29/2021		500,000		500,000		1,577
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	2/28/2022		200,000		200,000		631
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	3/30/2022		150,000		150,000		473
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	4/6/2022		350,000		350,000		1,104
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		15%	6/10/2022		700,000		700,000		2,208
	Preferred Stock - Series C (1)(2)(4)*				7/12/2013		26,856,187		26,299,938		0
	Term Note Matures (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		8%	2/28/2014		3,000,000		3,000,000		9,461
	Term Note Matures (1)(2)(4)(6)	12/31/2024		8%	2/10/2017		2,000,000		2,000,000		6,308
											87,713

KYMA, INC. (7.9)% Advanced Materials	Convertible Note (1)(4)	3/30/2024		10%	3/1//2019		100,000		100,000		100,000

LYNCEAN TECHNOLOGIES, INC. (0.0)%	Preferred Stock - Series B (1)(4)*				7/3/2018		869,792		1,000,000		0
Semiconductor Equipment

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

DECEMBER 31, 2023 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)								SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	INTEREST RATE		ACQUISITION DATE			VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
REVASUM, INC. (306.5%)	CDIs (2)*				11/14/2016	-	10/3/2022		39,774,889	$	9,268,219	$	3,862,405
Semiconductor Equipment

UCT COATINGS, INC. (23.8%)	Common Stock (1)(3)(4)*				4/18/2011				1,500,000		662,235		299,932
Advanced Materials

WRIGHTSPEED, INC. (0.0%)	Common Stock (1)(2)(4)*				4/11/2013	-	5/6//2019		69,102		7,460,851		0
Automotive	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	6/7/2019				4,929,015		4,929,015		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	8/12/2020				750,000		750,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	9/10/2020				900,000		900,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	10/13/2020				1,050,000		1,050,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	11/11/2020				400,000		400,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	11/24/2020				375,000		375,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	12/11/2020				400,000		400,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	12/23/2020				2,000,000		2,000,000		0

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

DECEMBER 31, 2023 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)						SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	INTEREST RATE		ACQUISITION DATE	VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
WRIGHTSPEED, INC. (continued)	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	2/23/2021		1,400,000		1,400,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	4/12/2021		1,200,000		1,200,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	5/18/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	6/22/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	7/26/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	8/19/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	9/22/2021		300,000		300,000		0

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

DECEMBER 31, 2023 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)						SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	INTEREST RATE		ACQUISITION DATE	VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
WRIGHTSPEED, INC. (continued)	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	10/5/2021		700,000	$	700,000	$	0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	10/20/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	11/23/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	12/28/2021		1,000,000		1,000,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	2/23/2022		200,000		200,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	3/11/2022		185,000		185,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	4/14/2022		65,000		65,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	5/10/2022		250,000		250,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	5/26/2022		250,000		250,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	6/10/2022		250,000		250,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	6/28/2022		250,000		250,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	7/13/2022		250,000		250,000		0

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

DECEMBER 31, 2023 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO
COMPANY
(% OF NET
ASSETS)								SHARES/PAR
AND INDUSTRY	TYPE OF INVESTMENT	MATURITY	INTEREST RATE		ACQUISITION DATE			VALUE ($)		COST BASIS		VALUE
WRIGHTSPEED, INC. (continued)	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	7/28/2022				250,000	$	250,000	$	0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	8/12/2022				250,000		250,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	10/21/2022				135,000		135,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	11/14/2022				165,000		165,000		0
	Convertible Note (1)(2)(4)(6)	6/30/2024		12%	12/9/2022				125,000		125,000		0
	Preferred Stock - Series AA (1)(2)(4)*				6/7/2019	-	7/20/2020		60,733,693		17,355,887		0
	Preferred Stock Warrants - Series AA (1)(2)(4)*				6/7/2019				609,756		0		0
													0

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Consolidated Schedule of Investments – continued

DECEMBER 31, 2023 (UNAUDITED)

PORTFOLIO

COMPANY

(% OF NET

ASSETS)

SHARES/PAR

AND INDUSTRY

TYPE OF INVESTMENT

ACQUISITION DATE

VALUE ($)

COST BASIS

VALUE

INVESTMENT COMPANY

(5.8%)

Fidelity Investments Money Market Treasury Portfolio - Class I (5)

Various

73,502

73,502

TOTAL INVESTMENTS

(Cost $133,967,669) —

693.0%

8,733,779

LIABILITIES IN EXCESS OF OTHER ASSETS —

(593.0)%

(7,473,408

)

NET ASSETS — 100.0%

1,260,371

All investments except the Fidelity Investments Money Market Portfolio are considered qualifying investments.

CDI: CHESS Depositary Interest.

*	Non-income producing security.

(1)

Restricted security. Fair Value is determined by or under the direction of the Company’s Board of Directors (see Note 3). At December 31, 2023, we held $4,797,872 (or 380.7% of net assets) in restricted securities (see Note 2).

(2)

Controlled investments.

(3)

Affiliated issuer.

(4)

Fair Value Level 3 security. (380.7% of net assets).

(5)

The Fidelity Investments Money Market Treasury Portfolio invests primarily in U.S. Treasury securities.

(6)

Security whose interest accrues until maturity however, based on December 31, 2023 valuation no such interest accrued during year ended December 31, 2023.

See accompanying notes to financial statements

Table of Contents

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

June 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

NOTE 1. THE COMPANY

Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc. (the “Company,” the “Fund,” “us,” “our,” and “we”), is a Maryland corporation and an externally managed, non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that has elected to be treated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). The Company acquired its initial portfolio of securities through the reorganization of Firsthand Technology Value Fund, a series of Firsthand Funds, into the Company. The reorganization was completed on April 15, 2011. The Company commenced operations on April 18th, 2011. Under normal circumstances, the Company will invest at least 80% of its assets for investment purposes in technology companies, which are considered to be those companies that derive at least 50% of their revenues from products and/ or services within the information technology sector or the “cleantech” sector. Information technology companies include, but are not limited to, those focused on computer hardware, software, telecommunications, networking, Internet, and consumer electronics. While there is no standard definition of cleantech, it is generally regarded as including goods and services designed to harness renewable energy and materials, eliminate emissions and waste, and reduce the use of natural resources. In addition, under normal circumstances we will invest at least 70% of our assets in privately held companies and in public companies with market capitalizations less than $250 million. Our portfolio is primarily composed of equity and equity derivative securities of technology and cleantech companies (as defined above). These investments generally range between $1 million and $10 million each, although the investment size will vary proportionately with the size of the Company’s capital base. The Company’s shares as of September 30. 2023 were listed on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “SVVC.” Subsequent to September 30, on October 6, 2023, the Company notified NASDAQ of the fund’s intention to voluntarily delist. As of the date these financial statements were issued the Company’s shares are quoted on the OTCQB market under the symbol “SVVC.” Firsthand Capital Management, Inc., which was previously known as SiVest Group, Inc. (“FCM” or the “Advisor”), serves as the investment adviser to the Company.

The Company is an investment company and follows accounting and reporting guidance in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification Topic 946.

CONSOLIDATION OF SUBSIDIARIES. On May 8, 2015, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the formation of a fully owned and controlled subsidiary (as defined by the 1940 Act) of the Company named Firsthand Venture Investors (“FVI”), a California general partnership formed on March 30, 2015. After the close of business on June 30, 2015, the Company contributed substantially all of its assets to FVI in return for a controlling general partner ownership interest in FVI. The transaction was completed on July 1, 2015. Under this structure, we have all or substantially all of our investment activities conducted through our fully owned subsidiary, FVI.

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, with the approval of its Board of Directors, the Company organized three separate fully owned and controlled subsidiaries (as defined by the 1940 Act). Each subsidiary was a Cayman Islands corporation and the financial statements of each subsidiary were reported on a consolidated basis with the Company. Each subsidiary was formed for the purpose of holding one or more investments made by the Company, and was treated as a controlled foreign corporation under the Internal Revenue Code not separately subject to U.S. federal income tax. FVI was treated as the sole U.S. shareholder of each subsidiary.

The Board of Directors of the Company approved the liquidation of those three Cayman subsidiaries on November 2, 2018. That liquidation was completed on December 27, 2018.

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NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements included in this report:

BASIS OF PRESENTATION. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) pursuant to the requirements on Form 10-K. ASC 946, Financial Services—Investment Companies (“ASC 946”), and Articles 6, 10 and 12 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, considered necessary for the fair presentation of the financial statements for the periods presented, have been included.

Under the 1940 Act, ASC 946, and the regulations pursuant to Article 6 of Regulation S-X, we are precluded from consolidating any entity other than another investment company or an operating company which provides substantially all of its services to benefit us. Consequentially, as of December 31, 2018, the Company consolidated some special purpose entities. These special purpose entities only hold investments of the Company and have no other significant asset and liabilities. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

USE OF ESTIMATES. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT VALUATIONS. Investments are stated at “value” as defined in the 1940 Act and in the applicable regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and in accordance with GAAP. Value, as defined in Section 2(a)(41) of the 1940 Act, is (i) the market value of those securities for which a market quotation is readily available and (ii) the fair value as determined in good faith by the Advisor as the valuation designee appointed by the Board of Directors, and subject to oversight by the Board of Directors. On June 30, 2024, our financial statements include venture capital investments valued at approximately $5.7 million. The fair values of our venture capital investments were also determined by the Advisor as the valuation designee. Upon sale of these investments, the values that are ultimately realized may be different from what is presently estimated. The difference could be material. Also see note 6 regarding the fair value of the company’s investments.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS. The Company considers liquid assets deposited with a bank, investments in money market funds, and certain short-term debt instruments with maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. These investments represent amounts held with financial institutions that are readily accessible to pay our expenses or purchase investments. Cash and cash equivalents are valued at cost plus accrued interest, which approximates market value.

RESTRICTED SECURITIES. At June 30. 2024, we held $5,661,236, in restricted securities. At December 31, 2023, we held $4,797,872. in restricted securities.

INCOME RECOGNITION. Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income is accrued as earned. Discounts and premiums on securities purchased are amortized over the lives of the respective securities. Other non-cash dividends are recognized as investment income at the fair value of the property received. When debt securities are determined to be non-income producing, the Company ceases accruing interest and writes off any previously accrued interest. These write-offs are recorded as an adjustment to interest income.

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SHARE VALUATION. The net asset value (“NAV”) per share of the Fund is calculated by dividing the sum of the value of the securities held by the Fund, plus cash or other assets, minus all liabilities (including estimated accrued expenses) by the total number of shares outstanding of the Fund, rounded to the nearest cent.

REALIZED GAIN OR LOSS AND UNREALIZED APPRECIATION OR DEPRECIATION OF PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. A realized gain or loss is recognized when an investment is disposed of and is computed as the difference between the Company’s cost basis in the investment at the disposition date and the net proceeds received from such disposition. Realized gains and losses are calculated on a specific identification basis. Unrealized appreciation or depreciation is computed as the difference between the fair value of the investment and the cost basis of such investment.

INCOME TAXES. The Company provides for state and federal corporate income tax, as appropriate, because it is regarded as a corporation under Subchapter C of the Code. The Company recognizes interest and penalties in income tax expense.

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION. The accounting records of the Company are maintained in U.S. dollars. All assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars based on the foreign exchange rate on the date of valuation. The Company does not isolate that portion of the results of operation resulting from changes in foreign exchange rates on investments from the fluctuations arising from changes in market prices of securities held. The Company’s investments in foreign securities may involve certain risks, including without limitation: foreign exchange restrictions, expropriation, taxation or other political, social, or economic risks, all of which could affect the market and/or credit risk of the investment. In addition, changes in the relationship of foreign currencies to the U.S. dollar can significantly affect the value of these investments and therefore the earnings of the Company.

SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS. Securities transactions are accounted for on the date the transaction for the purchase or sale of the securities is entered into by the Company (i.e., trade date).

CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions and, at times, cash held in checking accounts may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limit.

OPTIONS. The Company is subject to equity price risk in the normal course of pursuing its investment objectives and may enter into options written to hedge against changes in the value of equities. The Company may purchase put and call options to attempt to provide protection against adverse price effects from anticipated changes in prevailing prices of securities or stock indices. The Company may also write put and call options. When the Company writes an option, an amount equal to the premium received by the Company is recorded as a liability and is subsequently adjusted to the current fair value of the option written.

Premiums received from writing options that expire unexercised are treated by the Company on the expiration date as realized gains from investments. The difference between the premium and the amount paid on effecting a closing purchase transaction, including brokerage commissions, is also treated as a realized gain, or, if the premium is less than the amount paid for the closing purchase transaction, as a realized loss. If a call option is exercised, the premium is added to the proceeds from the sale of the underlying security or currency in determining whether the Company has realized a gain or loss. The Company as writer of an option bears the market risk of an unfavorable change in the price of the security underlying the written option.

DEFERRED COMPENSATION. On December 26, 2022, the Company adopted a deferred compensation plan (the "Plan") for its eligible directors which allows such directors to defer some or all of their fees for services as Directors to the Fund. Under the terms of the Plan, deferred compensation withheld is notionally invested in the Fund's common stock using the net asset value per share on the date such compensation would have otherwise been payable. The payment due to eligible participants is valued using the net asset value of the fund at the time the payment is due. As of June 30, 2024, each of the Fund's eligible directors has deferred 50% of their compensation at the earlier of January 1, 2025 or their separation of service from the Fund.

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The average monthly volume of the Company’s derivatives during the three months ended June 30, 2024 is as follows:

		PURCHASED OPTIONS (CONTRACTS)			WARRANTS (NOTIONAL VALUE)			WRITTEN OPTIONS (CONTRACTS)
Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.		—			23,532			—

NOTE 3. BUSINESS RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

We invest a substantial portion of our assets in privately-held companies, the securities of which are inherently illiquid. We also seek to invest in small publicly-traded companies that we believe have exceptional growth potential and to make opportunistic investments in publicly-traded companies, both large and small. In the case of investments in small publicly-traded companies, although these companies are publicly traded, their stock may not trade at high volumes, and prices can be volatile, which may restrict our ability to sell our positions. We may also be subject to contractual restrictions or securities law limits on our ability to sell portfolio holdings because of, for example, our affiliation with a portfolio company or the relative size of our holding in a company. These privately held and publicly traded businesses tend to lack management depth, have limited or no history of operations and typically have not attained profitability. Because of the speculative nature of our investments and the lack of public markets for privately held investments, there is greater risk of loss than is the case with traditional investment securities.

We do not choose investments based on a strategy of diversification. We also do not rebalance the portfolio should one of our portfolio companies increase in value substantially relative to the rest of the portfolio. Therefore, the value of our portfolio may be more vulnerable to events affecting a single sector, industry or portfolio company and, therefore, may be subject to greater volatility than a company that follows a diversification strategy.

Because there is typically no public or readily-ascertainable market for our interests in the small privately-held companies in which we invest, the valuation of those securities is determined in good faith by the Valuation Committee, comprised of all members of the Board who are not “interested persons” of the Company, as such term is defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, in accordance with our Valuation Procedures and is subject to significant estimates and judgments. The determined value of the securities in our portfolio may differ significantly from the values that would be placed on these securities if a ready market for the securities existed. Any changes in valuation are recorded in our Statement of Operations as “Net increase (decrease) in unrealized appreciation on investments.” Changes in valuation of any of our investments in privately-held companies from one period to another may be volatile.

The Board has engaged an independent valuation firm to provide it with valuation assistance with respect to certain of our portfolio investments. The Company intends to continue to engage an independent valuation firm to provide us with assistance regarding our determination of the fair value of select portfolio investments each quarter unless directed by the Board to cancel such valuation services. The scope of the services rendered by an independent valuation firm is at the discretion of the Board. The Board is ultimately and solely responsible for determining the fair value of the Company’s investments in good faith.

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With respect to investments for which market quotations are not readily available or when such market quotations are deemed not to represent fair value, the Board has approved a multi-step valuation process to be followed each quarter, as described below:

(1)

each quarter the valuation process begins with each portfolio company or investment being initially valued by the Advisor’s Valuation Committee or the independent valuation firm;

(2)

the Valuation Committee of the Board on a quarterly basis reviews the preliminary valuation of the Advisor’s Valuation Committee and that of the independent valuation firms and makes the fair value determination, in good faith, based on the valuation recommendations of the Advisor’s Valuation Committee and the independent valuation firms; and

(3)

at each quarterly Board meeting, the Board considers the valuations recommended by the Advisor’s Valuation Committee and the independent valuation firms that were previously submitted to the Valuation Committee of the Board and ratifies the fair value determinations made by the Valuation Committee of the Board.

NOTE 4. INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT FEE

The Company has entered into an investment management agreement (the “Investment Management Agreement”) with FCM pursuant to which the Company will pay FCM a fee for providing investment management services consisting of two components—a base management fee and an incentive fee.

The base management fee will be calculated at an annual rate of 2.00% of our gross assets. For services rendered under the Investment Management Agreement, the base management fee will be payable quarterly in arrears. The base management fee will be calculated based on the average of (1) the value of our gross assets at the end of the current calendar quarter and (2) the value of the Company’s gross assets at the end of the preceding calendar quarter; and will be appropriately adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the current calendar quarter. Base management fees for any partial month or quarter will be pro-rated.

The incentive fee is determined and payable in arrears as of the end of each calendar year (or upon termination of the Investment Management Agreement, as of the termination date), commencing on April 15, 2011, and equals 20% of the Company’s realized capital gains, if any, on a cumulative basis from inception through the end of each calendar year, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid incentive fees, provided that the incentive fee determined as of December 31, 2022, will be calculated for a period of shorter than twelve calendar months to take into account any realized gains computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation from inception. For the three months ended June 30, 2024, there were no incentive fee adjustments.

Effective September 30, 2023, the Company has entered into a fee waiver agreement with FCM (the “Fee Waiver Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the Fee Waiver Agreement, FCM agrees to (1) waive future accruals of the base management fee starting October 1, 2023, through December 31, 2024, with future recoupment to the extent permitted by the Investment Management Agreement, and (2) waive $2.5 million of base management fee that has been accrued but unpaid prior to but unpaid as of September 30, 2023. Any accrued base management fee waived under section (2) may be recouped by FCM within ten years.

Effective March 31, 2024, the Company has entered into a fee waiver agreement with FCM (the “Fee Waiver Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the Fee Waiver Agreement, FCM agrees to waive $3.0 million of base management fee that has been accrued but unpaid prior to but unpaid as of March 31, 2024. Any accrued base management fee waived may be recouped by FCM within ten years.

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NOTE 5. DEBT

The Company currently has no plan to use leverage and does not have any significant outstanding debt obligations (other than normal operating expense accruals).

NOTE 6. FAIR VALUE

Securities traded on stock exchanges, or quoted by NASDAQ, are valued according to the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”) official closing price, if applicable, or at their last reported sale price as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 P.M. Eastern Time). If a security is not traded that day, the security will be valued at its most recent bid price.

Securities traded in the over-the-counter market, but not quoted by NASDAQ, are valued at the last sale price (or, if the last sale price is not readily available, at the most recent closing bid price as quoted by brokers that make markets in the securities) at the close of trading on the NYSE.

Securities traded both in the over-the-counter market and on a stock exchange are valued according to the broadest and most representative market.

Securities and other assets that do not have market quotations readily available are valued at their fair value as determined by FCM, as the Board’s valuation designee under SEC rule 2a-5. Those valuations are determined in accordance with the Valuation Procedures used by FCM, subject to oversight by the Board.

In pricing illiquid, privately placed securities, FCM, as the valuation designee, is responsible for (1) determining overall valuation guidelines and (2) ensuring that the investments of the Company are valued within the prescribed guidelines.

FCM and the Board receive information and recommendations from an independent valuation firm.

The values assigned to these investments are based on available information and do not necessarily represent amounts that might ultimately be realized when that investment is sold, as such amounts depend on future circumstances and cannot reasonably be determined until the individual investments are actually liquidated or become readily marketable.

APPROACHES TO DETERMINING FAIR VALUE. GAAP defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). In effect, GAAP applies fair value terminology to all valuations whereas the 1940 Act applies market value terminology to readily marketable assets and fair value terminology to other assets.

The main approaches to measuring fair value utilized are the market approach, the income approach, and the asset-based approach. The choice of which approach to use in a particular situation depends on the specific facts and circumstances associated with the company, as well as the purpose for which the valuation analysis is being conducted. Firsthand and the independent valuation firm rely primarily on the market approach. We also considered the income and asset-based approaches in our analysis because certain of the portfolio companies do not have substantial operating earnings relative to the value of their underlying assets.

Market Approach (M): The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. For example, the market approach often uses market multiples derived from a set of comparables. Multiples might lie in ranges with a different multiple for each comparable. The selection of where within the range each appropriate multiple falls requires the use of judgment in considering factors specific to the measurement (qualitative and quantitative).

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Income Approach (I): The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts (for example, cash flows or earnings) to a single present value amount (discounted). The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. Those valuation techniques include present value techniques; option-pricing models, such as the Black-Scholes-Merton formula (a closed-form model) and a binomial model (a lattice model), which incorporate present value techniques; and the multi-period excess earnings method, which is used to measure the fair value of certain assets.

Asset-Based Approach (A): The asset-based approach examines the value of a company’s assets net of its liabilities to derive a value for the equity holders.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT. In accordance with the guidance from the Financial Accounting Standards Board on fair value measurements and disclosures under GAAP, the Company discloses the fair value of its investments in a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure the fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to valuations based upon unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to valuations based upon unobservable inputs that are significant to the valuation (Level 3 measurements).

The guidance establishes three levels of the fair value hierarchy as follows:

Level 1 -

Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the date of measurement.

Level 2 -

Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These inputs may include quoted prices for the identical instrument in an inactive market, prices for similar instruments in an active or inactive market, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risks, yield curves, default rates, and similar data.

Level 3 -

Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, to the extent relevant observable inputs are not available, representing the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in valuing the asset or liability based on the best information available.

The availability of observable inputs can vary from security to security and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of security, whether the security is new and not yet established in the marketplace, the liquidity of markets, and other characteristics particular to the security. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3.

The inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls in its entirety, is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

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The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities. The following is a summary of the inputs used to value the Company’s net assets as of June 30, 2024:

ASSETS	LEVEL 1 QUOTED PRICES		LEVEL 2 OTHER SIGNIFICANT OBSERVABLE INPUTS		LEVEL 3 SIGNIFICANT UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS
Common Stocks
Advanced Materials	$	—	$	—	$	354,910
Total Common Stocks		—		—		354,910
Preferred Stocks
Aerospace		—		—		65,592
Equipment Leasing		—		—		35,448
Total Preferred Stocks		—		—		101,040
Asset Derivatives*
Equity Contracts		—		—		164,724
Total Asset Derivatives		—		—		164,724
Convertible and Non-Convertible Notes
Aerospace		—		—		4,953,047
Medical Devices		—		—		87,515
Total Convertible and Non-Convertible Notes		—		—		5,040.562
Mutual Funds		15,450		—		—
Total	$	15,450	$	—	$	5,661,236

* Asset derivatives include warrants.

At the end of each calendar quarter, management evaluates the Level 2 and Level 3 assets and liabilities for changes in liquidity, including but not limited to: whether a broker is willing to execute at the quoted price, the depth and consistency of prices from third party services, and the existence of contemporaneous, observable trades in the market. Additionally, management evaluates the Level 1 and Level 2 assets and liabilities on a quarterly basis for changes in listings or delistings on national exchanges.

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Following is a reconciliation of Level 3 assets (at either the beginning or the ending of the period) for which significant unobservable inputs were used to determine fair value.

INVESTMENTS AT FAIR VALUE USING SIGNIFICANT UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS (LEVEL 3)	BALANCE AS OF 12/31/23		NET PURCHASES/ CONVERSIONS		NET SALES/ CONVERSIONS			NET REALIZED GAINS/ (LOSSES)		NET UNREALIZED APPRECIATION (DEPRECIATION) ⁽¹⁾			TRANSFERS IN (OUT) OF LEVEL 3		BALANCE AS OF 06/30/2024
Common Stocks
Advanced Materials	$	299,932	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	54,978			—	$	354,910
Equipment Leasing		55		—		—			—		(55	)		—		—
Semiconductor Equipment		—		—		—			—		(3,862,405	)		3,862,405		—
Total Common Stocks		299,987		—		—			—		(3,807,482	)		3,862,405		354,910
Preferred Stocks
Aerospace		—		—		—			—		65,592			—		65,592
Equipment Leasing		110,172		—		(20,000	)		—		(54,724	)		—		35,448
Total Preferred Stocks		110,172		—		(20,000	)		—		10,868			—		101,040
Asset Derivatives
Equity Contracts		—		—		—			—		164,724			—		164,724
Total Asset Derivatives		—		—		—			—		164,724			—		164,724
Convertible and Non-Convertible Notes
Advanced Materials		100,000		—		(100,000	)		—		—			—		—
Aerospace		4,200,000		—		—			—		753,047			—		4,953,047
Medical Devices		87,713		—		—			—		(198	)		—		87,515
Total Convertible and Non-Convertible Notes		4,387,713		—		(100,000	)		—		752,849			—		5,040,562
Total	$	4,797,872	$	—	$	(120,000	)	$	—	$	(2,879,041	)	$	3,862,405		5,661,236

(1)

The net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) from Level 3 instruments held as of June 30, 2024 was $983,364.

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The table below represents quantitative disclosure about significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements at June 30, 2024:

	FAIR VALUE AT 6/30/2024		VALUATION TECHNIQUES(1)	UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS	RANGE (WEIGHTED AVG.)(1)
Direct venture capital investments: Advanced Materials	$	0.4M	Market Comparable Companies	Revenue Multiple⁽²⁾	0.9x – 1.0x (1.0x)
			Option Pricing Model	Years to Maturity⁽²⁾	5 years (5 years)
				Volatility⁽²⁾		50.0% (50.0%)
				Risk-Free Rate⁽²⁾		4.33% (4.33%)
				Discount for Lack of		22.8% (22.8%)
				Marketability⁽³⁾
Direct venture capital investments: Aerospace	$	5.2M	Market Comparable Companies	EBITDA Multiple⁽²⁾	2.4x (2.4x)
				^{Going Concern Probability} ⁽²⁾	75%(75%)
Direct venture capital investments: Automotive	$	0.0M	Liquidation Value	Market Value of Invested Capital	$0 ($0)
Direct venture capital investments: Equipment Leasing	$	0.0M	Cash Value	Years to Maturity⁽²⁾	5 years (5 years)
			Option Pricing Model	Volatility⁽²⁾		50.0% (50.0%)
				Risk-Free Rate⁽²⁾		4.33% (4.33%)
Direct venture capital investments: Medical Devices	$	0.1M	Market Comparable Companies	Revenue Multiple⁽²⁾	1.7x – 1.8x (1.8x)
			Market Comparable Transactions	Risk-Free Rate⁽²⁾	4.52% (4.52%)
				Going Concern Probability⁽²⁾	10% (10%)
Direct venture capital investments: Semiconductor Equipment	$	0.0M	Recent Transaction	Equity Proceeds from Private Transaction	0% (0%)

(1)

Weighted average is calculated by weighting the significant unobservable input by the relative fair value of each investment in the category

(2)

An increase in the input would result in an increase in the security’s valuation; a decrease in the input would result in a decrease in the security’s valuation.

(3)

An increase in the input would result in a decrease in the security’s valuation; a decrease in the input would result in an increase in the security’s valuation.

Changes in any of our unobservable inputs, individually, may change the fair value of certain of the Company’s investments.

Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the Company’s investments may fluctuate from period to period. Additionally, the fair value of the Company’s investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market existed for such investments and may differ materially from the values that the Company may ultimately realize. Further, such investments are generally subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or otherwise are less liquid than publicly traded securities. If the Company was required to liquidate a portfolio investment in a forced or liquidation sale, it could realize significantly less than the value at which the Company has recorded it.

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In addition, changes in the market environment and other events that may occur over the life of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be different than the unrealized gains or losses reflected in the valuations currently assigned.

NOTE 7. FEDERAL INCOME TAXES

Beginning in 2018, we were no longer able to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. The increase in value that resulted from the initial public offerings (IPOs) of Pivotal Systems and Revasum meant that we were no longer able to satisfy the diversification requirements for qualification as a RIC. As a result of this change, we were taxed as a corporation for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, and will continue to be taxed in that manner for future fiscal years, paying federal and applicable state corporate taxes on our taxable income, unless and until we are able to once again qualify as a RIC, based on changes in the composition of our portfolio. Consequently, at the close of each fiscal quarter beginning with the quarter ended June 30, 2018, we will record a deferred tax liability for any net realized gains and net ordinary income for the year-to-date period plus net unrealized gains as of the end of the quarter.

The reorganization described in Note 1 (the formation of FVI as a fully owned subsidiary for investment activities) was structured to avoid any adverse tax consequences for the Company and its shareholders. For the fiscal years which the Company operates as a RIC, we believe Company’s engaging in investment activities through FVI did not, in our view, jeopardize the Company’s ability to continue to qualify as a RIC under the Code at that time when the Company was eligible to be treated as a RIC.

The following information is based upon the U.S. federal income tax cost of portfolio investments as of June 30, 2024.

	FEDERAL INCOME TAX COST:
Gross unrealized appreciation	$	164,724
Gross unrealized depreciation		(128,277,655	)
Net unrealized depreciation	$	(128,112,931	)
Federal income tax cost, Investments	$	133,789,617

The Company did not qualify as a regulated investment company pursuant to Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code, therefore it is taxed as a corporation. As a corporation, the Company is obligated to pay federal and state income tax on taxable income. The Company’s net deferred tax asset balance has a full valuation allowance based on management’s estimate of future realization of such assets. The Company is currently using an estimated tax rate of 21% for Federal and 6.98% for state taxes.

The Company’s income tax provision consists of the following as of December 31, 2023:

Deferred tax (expense)/benefit
Federal	$	—
State		—
Total deferred tax (expense)/benefit	$	—

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Such temporary differences are principally: (i) taxes on unrealized gains/(losses), which are attributable to the temporary difference between fair market value and tax basis, and (ii) the net tax benefit of accumulated net operating losses and capital loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using effective tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years such temporary differences are realized or otherwise settled.

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

Components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2023 are as follows:

	AMOUNT
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforward	$	3,465,923
Capital loss carryforward		9,161,034
Net unrealized losses (gains) on investment securities		35,040,442
Total deferred tax assets, net		47,667,399
Valuation allowance		(47,667,399	)
Net	$	—

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company had an effective tax rate of 0% and a statutory tax rate of 21% (27.98% with state income tax) with the difference being attributable to changes in the components of the deferred tax assets and the valuation allowance account.

The effective tax rate and statutory federal income tax rate for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

	THREE MONTHS ENDED June 30, 2024		THREE MONTHS ENDED June 30, 2023
Effective tax rate		0%		0%
Statutory federal income tax rate		21%		21%

The variance in the effective tax rate and statutory federal income tax rate for the three-month period ended June 30, 2024, is the result of changes in the deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance account. At June 30, 2024, the Company has established a full valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets.

To the extent the Company has a deferred tax asset or if a portion of the deferred tax liability is offset by a tax asset resulting from net operating losses, consideration is given to whether or not a valuation allowance is required against the deferred tax asset amount. A valuation allowance is required if, based on the evaluation criterion provided by Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) 740, Income Taxes (ASC 740), it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Among the factors considered in assessing the Company’s valuation allowance are: the nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability, the duration of the statutory carryforward periods, and the associated risks that operating and capital loss carryforwards may expire unused. Based on the Company’s assessment, it has determined that in the future it is more likely than not that the Company will not generate the necessary appropriate character of income within the carryforward periods to realize its deferred tax assets, and as such, has placed a full allowance on the deferred tax assets.

From time to time, and as new information becomes available, the Company will modify its forecasts, estimates or assumptions regarding its deferred tax liability or asset.

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

Modifications of the Company’s estimates or assumptions regarding its deferred tax liability and/or asset balances and any applicable valuation allowance, changes in generally accepted accounting principles or related guidance or interpretations thereof, limitations imposed on net operating losses (if any), and changes in applicable tax law could result in increases or decreases in the Company’s NAV, which could be material. Such changes could have a material impact on the Company’s NAV and results of operations with respect to the Company’s shareholders in the period it is recorded, even though the shareholders at such time might not have held shares in the Company at the time the deferred tax asset or liability had been established.

The Company’s policy is to classify interest and penalties associated with underpayment of federal and state income taxes, if any, as income tax expense on its Statement of Operations. As of December 31, 2023, the Company did not have any interest or penalties associated with the underpayment of any income taxes.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and California. The Company has reviewed all major jurisdictions and concluded that there is no significant impact on the Company’s net assets and no tax liability resulting from unrecognized tax benefits relating to uncertain tax positions expected to be taken on its tax returns. Furthermore, management of the Company is not aware of any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change in the next 12 months.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards for federal and state of income tax purposes of $12,387,144, which may be carried forward indefinitely.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had net capital loss carryforwards for federal and state income tax purposes, which may be carried forward for 5 years, as follows:

EXPIRATION DATE	AMOUNT
12/31/24	$	14,230,073
12/31/25		7,516,642
12/31/27		3,129,665
12/31/28		7,864,982
Total	$	32,741,364

NOTE 8. INVESTMENT TRANSACTIONS

Investment transactions (excluding short-term investments) were as follows for the quarter ended June 30, 2024.

PURCHASES AND SALES
Purchase of investment securities	$	—
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investment securities	$	(120,000	)

NOTE 9. SHARE BUYBACKS

SHARE BUYBACKS. On April 26, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Fund approved a discretionary share repurchase plan (the “Plan”). Pursuant to the Plan, the Fund was authorized to purchase in the open market up to $2 million worth of its common stock. The Plan allowed the Fund to acquire its own shares at certain thresholds below its NAV per share, in accordance with the guidelines specified in Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The intent of the Plan was to increase NAV per share and thereby enhance shareholder value. The Fund completed the repurchase plan in September 2016, having repurchased and retired a total of 272,008 shares of stock, at a total cost of approximately $2 million.

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

On November 10, 2017, the Board of Directors of the Fund approved a discretionary share purchase plan (the “Plan”). Pursuant to the Plan, the Fund was authorized to purchase in the open market up to $2 million worth of its common stock. The Plan allowed the Fund to acquire its own shares in accordance with the guidelines specified in Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. The intent of the Plan was to increase NAV per share and thereby enhance shareholder value. As of December 31, 2017, the Fund had repurchased and retired 128,551 shares of stock at a total cost of approximately $1.1 million. The Fund had 7,302,146 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2017.

On August 31, 2018, the Fund announced a plan to repurchase up to $2 million worth of SVVC stock in the open market by March 31, 2019. The Fund completed this open market repurchase plan on October 24, 2018. Through that date, the Fund repurchased 123,376 shares at an average price of $16.21 per share, for total consideration of $2.0 million. As of December 31, 2018, the Fund had 7,178,770 shares outstanding.

TENDER OFFERS. On December 22, 2014, pursuant to our agreement with a shareholder, the Fund commenced a tender offer to purchase up to $20 million of its issued and outstanding common shares for cash at a price per share equal to 95% of the Company’s NAV per share determined as of the close of ordinary trading on the NASDAQ Global Market on December 31, 2014 ($23.2702 per share). The tender offer, which expired on January 22, 2015 at 12:00 midnight, New York City time, was oversubscribed. Because the number of shares tendered exceeded the maximum amount of its offer, the Fund purchased shares from tendering shareholders on a pro-rata basis based on the number of shares properly tendered. Of the 5,044,728 shares properly tendered, the Fund purchased 859,468 shares of common stock pursuant to the tender offer.

On December 16, 2019, the Fund announced the commencement of a “modified Dutch auction” tender offer to purchase up to $2 million of its common stock at a price per share not less than $6.00 and not greater than $8.00, in $0.10 increments. The tender offer expired on February 14, 2020, and resulted in the purchase by the Fund of 285,714 shares of common stock at a price of $7.00 per share. As of March 31, 2020, the Fund had 6,893,056 shares outstanding.

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

NOTE 10. INVESTMENTS IN AFFILIATES AND CONTROLLED INVESTMENTS

Under the 1940 Act, the Company is required to identify investments where it owns greater than 5% (but less than 25%) of the portfolio company’s outstanding voting shares as an affiliate of the Company. Also, under the 1940 Act, the Company is required to identify investments where it owns greater than 25% of the portfolio company’s outstanding voting shares as a controlled investment of the Company. A summary of the Company’s investments in affiliates and controlled investments for the period from December 31, 2023, through June 30, 2024, is noted below:

AFFILIATE/ CONTROLLED INVESTMENTS*	VALUE AT 12/31/23		PURCHASE/ MERGER		INTEREST		SALES/ MATURITY/ EXPIRATION			REALIZED GAIN (LOSS)		CHANGE IN APPRECIATION/ DEPRECIATION			VALUE 6/30/2024		SHARES HELD AT 6/30/2024
Equipment Leasing
EQX Capital, Inc. Common Stock*	$	55	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	(55	)	$	—		100,000
EQX Capital, Inc. Series A Preferred Stock*		110,172		—		—		(20,000	)		—		(54,724	)		35,448		1,930,000
Total Equipment Leasing	$	110,227			$	—				$	—	$	(54,779	)	$	35,448
Aerospace
Hera Systems, Inc. Convertible Note*		3,431,683		—		—		—			—		615,290			4,046,973		5,359,791
Hera Systems, Inc. Convertible Note*		768,317		—		59,664		—			—		137,757			906,074		1,200,000
Hera Systems, Inc. Series A Preferred*		—		—		—		—			—		—			—		3,642,324
Hera Systems, Inc. Series B Preferred*		—		—		—		—			—		47,653			47,653		7,039,203
Hera Systems, Inc. Series B Warrants*		—		—		—		—			—		82,649			82,649		12,250,000
Hera Systems, Inc. Series B Warrants*		—		—		—		—			—		41,931			41,931		6,214,922
Hera Systems, Inc. Series B Warrants*		—		—		—		—			—		35,421			35,421		5,250,000
Hera Systems, Inc. Series B Warrants*		—		—		—		—			—		4,723			4,723		700,000
Hera Systems, Inc. Series C Preferred*		—		—		—		—			—		17,939			17,939		2,650,000
Total Aerospace	$	4,200,000			$	59,664				$	—	$	983,363		$	5,183,363

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

AFFILIATE/ CONTROLLED INVESTMENTS*	VALUE AT 12/31/23		PURCHASE/ MERGER		INTEREST		SALES/ MATURITY/ EXPIRATION		REALIZED GAIN (LOSS)		CHANGE IN APPRECIATION/ DEPRECIATION			VALUE 6/30/2024		SHARES HELD AT 6/30/2024
Medical Devices
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*	$	34,570	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(78	)	$	34,492		10,961,129
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		4,100		—		—		—		—		(9	)		4,091		1,300,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,577		—		—		—		—		(3	)		1,574		500,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,577		—		—		—		—		(3	)		1,574		500,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		9,461		—		—		—		—		(21	)		9,440		3,000,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		3,154		—		—		—		—		(7	)		3,147		1,000,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,261		—		—		—		—		(2	)		1.259		400,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,577		—		—		—		—		(3	)		1,574		500,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		2,365		—		—		—		—		(5	)		2,360		750,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,577		—		—		—		—		(4	)		1,573		500,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,577		—		—		—		—		(4	)		1,573		500,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,577		—		—		—		—		(4	)		1,573		500,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		3,154		—		—		—		—		(7	)		3,147		1,000,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,577		—		—		—		—		(4	)		1,573		500,000

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

AFFILIATE/ CONTROLLED INVESTMENTS*	VALUE AT 12/31/23		PURCHASE/ MERGER		INTEREST		SALES/ MATURITY/ EXPIRATION		REALIZED GAIN (LOSS)		CHANGE IN APPRECIATION/ DEPRECIATION			VALUE 6/30/2024		SHARES HELD AT 6/30/2024
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*	$	3,154	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(7	)	$	3,147		1,000,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,577		—		—		—		—		(4	)		1,573		500,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,577		—		—		—		—		(4	)		1,573		500,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,577		—		—		—		—		(4	)		1,573		500,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		631		—		—		—		—		(2	)		629		200,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		2,208		—		—		—		—		(5	)		2,203		700,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		473		—		—		—		—		(1	)		472		150,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Convertible Note*		1,104		—		—		—		—		(3	)		1,101		350,000
IntraOp Medical Corp. Series C Preferred*		—		—		—		—		—		—			—		26,856,187
IntraOp Medical Corp. Term Note*		6,308		—		—		—		—		(14	)		6,294		2,000,000
Total Medical Devices	$	87,713			$	—			$	—	$	(198	)	$	87,515
Semiconductor Equipment
Revasum, Inc. CDI*(1)		3,862,405		—		—		—		—		(3,862,405	)		—		39,774,889
Total Semiconductor Equipment	$	3,862,405			$	—			$	—	$	(3,862,405	)	$	—

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

AFFILIATE/ CONTROLLED INVESTMENTS*	VALUE AT 12/31/23		PURCHASE/ MERGER		INTEREST		SALES/ MATURITY/ EXPIRATION		REALIZED GAIN (LOSS)		CHANGE IN APPRECIATION/ DEPRECIATION		VALUE 6/30/2024		SHARES HELD AT 6/30/2024
Advanced Materials
UCT Coatings, Inc. Common Stock		299,932		—		—		—		—		54,978		354,910		1,500,000
Total Advanced Materials	$	299,932			$	—			$	—	$	54,978	$	354,910
Automotive
Wrightspeed, Inc. Common Stock*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		69,102
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		200,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		250,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		100,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		125,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		165,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		135,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		250,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		250,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,000,000

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

AFFILIATE/ CONTROLLED INVESTMENTS*	VALUE AT 12/31/23		PURCHASE/ MERGER		INTEREST		SALES/ MATURITY/ EXPIRATION		REALIZED GAIN (LOSS)		CHANGE IN APPRECIATION/ DEPRECIATION		VALUE 6/30/2024		SHARES HELD AT 6/30/2024
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—		700,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		250,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		250,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		250,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		65,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		185,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,000,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,000,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,000,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		300,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		400,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		2,000,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,400,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,200,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,000,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		250,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,000,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,050,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		400,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		375,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		900,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		750,000

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Firsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – continued

JUNE 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

AFFILIATE/ CONTROLLED INVESTMENTS*	VALUE AT 12/31/23		PURCHASE/ MERGER		INTEREST		SALES/ MATURITY/ EXPIRATION		REALIZED GAIN (LOSS)		CHANGE IN APPRECIATION/ DEPRECIATION			VALUE 6/30/2024		SHARES HELD AT 6/30/2024
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—		4,929,015
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—			—		1,000,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Convertible Note*		—		—		—		—		—		—			—		40,000
Wrightspeed, Inc. Series AA Preferred*		—		—		—		—		—		—			—		60,733,693
Total Automotive	$	—			$	—			$	—	$	—		$	—
Total Affiliates and Controlled Investments	$	8,560,277			$	59,664			$	—	$	(2,879,041	)	$	5,661,236
Total Affiliates		299,932				—				—		54,978			354,910
Total Controlled Investments	$	8,260,345			$	59,664			$	—	$	(2,934,019	)	$	5,306,326

*	Controlled Investments.

(1)

CDI: CHESS Depositary Interests

As of June 30, 2024, Kevin Landis, the Company’s Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, represented the Company and sat on the boards of directors of EQX Capital, Inc., Hera Systems, Inc.; IntraOp Medical Corp.; Revasum, Inc.; and Wrightspeed, Inc. As of June 30, 2024, Mr. Landis served as interim CEO at IntraOp Medical Corp. and Wrightspeed, Inc. Serving as a director or officer of portfolio companies may cause conflicts of interest. The Advisor has adopted various procedures to ensure that the Company will not be unfavorably affected by these potential conflicts.

NOTE 11. MARKET DISRUPTION AND GEOPOLITICAL RISKS

Certain local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues, or other events could have a significant impact on a security or instrument. Since 2020, the novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) has negatively affected the worldwide economy, as well as the economies of individual countries, the financial health of individual companies and the market in general in significant and unforeseen ways. Following Russia’s large-scale invasion of Ukraine, the President of the United States signed an Executive Order in February 2022 prohibiting U.S. persons from entering transactions with the Central Bank of Russia and Executive Orders in March 2022 prohibiting U.S. persons from importing oil and gas from Russia as well as other popular Russian exports, such as diamonds, seafood and vodka. The duration of the coronavirus outbreak and the Russian-Ukraine conflict could adversely affect the Company’s performance. The ultimate impact of COVID-19 and Russia invasion on the financial performance of the Company’s investments is not reasonably estimable at this time.

NOTE 12. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Management has evaluated the impact of all subsequent events on the Company through the date the financial statements were issued and Management has evaluated the impact of all subsequent events on the Company through the date the financial statements were issued and determined that there were no subsequent events requiring recognition or disclosure in the financial statements.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The matters discussed in this report, as well as in future oral and written statements by management of the Company, include forward-looking statements based on current management expectations that involve substantial risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements related to future events or our future financial performance. We generally identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “target,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar words. Important assumptions include our ability to originate new investments and to achieve certain margins and levels of profitability and the availability of additional capital. In light of these and other uncertainties, the inclusion of a projection or forward-looking statement in this report should not be regarded as a representation by us that our plans or objectives will be achieved. The forward-looking statements contained in this report include, without limitations, statements as to:

●	our future operating results;

●	our business prospects and the prospects of our prospective portfolio companies;

●	the impact of investments that we expect to make;

●	the impact of a protracted decline in the liquidity of the credit markets on our business;

●	our informal relationships with third parties;

●	the expected market for venture capital investments and our addressable market;

●	the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its impact on the industries in which we invest;

●	our ability to access the equity market;

●	the ability of our portfolio companies to achieve their objectives;

●	our expected financings and investments;

●	our regulatory structure and tax status;

●	our ability to operate as a business development company and a regulated investment company;

●	the adequacy of our cash resources and working capital;

●	the timing of cash flows, if any, from the operation of our portfolio companies;

●	the timing, form, and amount of any dividend distributions;

●	impact of fluctuation of interest rates on our business;

●	valuation of any investments in portfolio companies particularly those having no liquid trading market; and

●	our ability to recover unrealized losses.

You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements made in this report relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this report.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. In addition to historical information, the following discussion and other parts of this prospectus contain forward-looking information that involves risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated by such forward-looking information due to the factors discussed under “Risk Factors” and “Forward-Looking Statements” appearing elsewhere herein.

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OVERVIEW

We are an externally managed, closed-end, non-diversified management investment company organized as a Maryland corporation that has elected to be treated as a BDC under the 1940 Act. As such, we are required to comply with certain regulatory requirements. For instance, we generally have to invest at least 70% of our total assets in “qualifying assets,” including securities of private or micro-cap public U.S. companies, cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities and high-quality debt investments that mature in one year or less. In addition, for tax purposes we are treated as a corporation and are subject to federal and state taxes on our income. FCM serves as our investment adviser and manages the investment process on a daily basis.

Our investment objective is to seek long-term growth of capital, principally by seeking capital gains on our equity and equity-related investments. There can be no assurance that we will achieve our investment objective. Under normal circumstances, we invest at least 80% of our net assets for investment purposes in technology companies. We consider technology companies to be those companies that derive at least 50% of their revenues from products and/or services within the information technology sector or in the “cleantech” sector. Information technology companies include, but are not limited to, those focused on computer hardware, software, telecommunications, networking, Internet, and consumer electronics. While there is no standard definition of cleantech, it is generally regarded as including goods and services designed to harness renewable energy and materials, eliminate emissions and waste, and reduce the use of natural resources. In addition, under normal circumstances we invest at least 70% of our total assets in privately held companies and public companies with market capitalizations of less than $250 million. Our portfolio is primarily composed of equity and equity derivative securities of technology and cleantech companies (as defined above). These investments generally range between $1 million and $10 million each, although the investment size will vary proportionately with the size of our capital base. We acquire our investments through direct investments in private companies, negotiations with selling shareholders, and in organized secondary marketplaces for private securities.

While our primary focus is to invest in illiquid private technology and cleantech companies, we also may invest in micro-cap publicly traded companies. In addition, we may invest up to 30 percent of the portfolio in opportunistic investments that do not constitute the private companies and micro-cap public companies described above. These other investments may include investments in securities of public companies that are actively traded or in actively traded derivative securities such as options on securities or security indices. These other investments may also include investments in high-yield bonds, distressed debt, or securities of public companies that are actively traded and securities of companies located outside of the United States. Our investment activities are managed by FCM.

PORTFOLIO COMPOSITION

We make investments in securities of both public and private companies. Our portfolio investments consist principally of equity and equity-like securities, including common and preferred stock, warrants for the purchase of common and preferred stock, and convertible and term notes. The fair value of our investment portfolio was approximately $5.7 million as of June 30, 2024, as compared to approximately $8.8 million as of December 31, 2023.

The following table summarizes the fair value of our investment portfolio by industry sector as of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023.

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Medical Devices		8.6%		7.0%
Aerospace		509.2%		333.2%
Semiconductor Equipment		0.0%		306.5%
Automotive		0.0%		0.0%
Equipment Leasing		3.5%		8.8%
Advanced Materials		34.9%		31.7%
Intellectual Property		0.0%		0.0%
Exchange-Traded/Money Market Funds		1.4%		5.8%
Other Assets/(Liabilities)		(457.7)%		(593.0)%
Net Assets		100.0%		100.0%

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MATURITY OF PRIVATE COMPANIES IN THE CURRENT PORTFOLIO

The Fund invests in private companies at various stages of maturity. As our portfolio companies mature, they move from the “early (development) stage” to the “middle (revenue) stage” and then to the “late stage.” We expect that this continuous progression may create a pipeline of potential exit opportunities through initial public offerings (IPOs) or acquisitions. Of course, some companies do not progress. The illustration below describes typical characteristics of companies at each stage of maturity and where we believe our current portfolio companies fit within these categories. We expect some of our portfolio companies to transition between stages of maturity over time. The transition may be forward if the company is maturing and is successfully executing its business plan or may be backward if the company is not successfully executing its business plan or decides to change its business plan substantially from its original plan.

EARLY STAGE	MIDDLE STAGE	LATE STAGE
Developing product or service for market, high level of research and development, little or no revenue.	Established product, customers, business model; limited revenues.	Appreciable revenue; may be break-even or profitable; IPO or acquisition candidate.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Comparison of the three months ended June 30, 2024 to the three months ended June 30, 2023.

INVESTMENT INCOME

For the three months ended June 30, 2024, we had investment income of $29,956 primarily attributable to adjustments to interest accrued on convertible/term note investments with Hera Systems.

For the three months ended June 30, 2023, we had investment income of $131,676 primarily attributable to interest accrued on convertible/term note investments with Hera Systems.

The lower level of investment income in the three months ended June 30, 2024, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023, was due to decline in accrued interest on current notes

OPERATING EXPENSES

Operating expenses totaled approximately $208,767 during the three months ended June 30, 2024, and $438,779 during the three months ended June 30, 2023

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Significant components of net operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2024 were management fee expense waiver of $25,953 (see Note 4), and professional fees (audit, legal, and consulting) of $89,289.

The reduced level of net operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2024, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023, is primarily attributable to the waiver of management fees (see Note 4).

Significant components of net operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023, were management fee expense of $146,723, professional fees (audit, legal, and consulting) of $96,540, and printing fees of $85,923.

The lower level of net operating expenses for the three months ended ended June 30, 2024, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023, is primarily attributed to a decrease in management fees and printing costs (see Note 4)

NET INVESTMENT INCOME/(LOSS)

The net investment income/(loss) before taxes was $(171,811) for the three months ended June 30, 2024, and $(307,103) for the three months ended June 30, 2023.

The lower level of net investment loss for the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to net investment loss for the three months ended June 30, 2023, is primarily attributed to decrease in management fees and the waiver of management fees (see Note 4)

NET INVESTMENT REALIZED GAINS AND LOSSES AND UNREALIZED APPRECIATION AND DEPRECIATION

A summary of the net realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments for the three-month period ended June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023, is shown below.

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Realized gains	$	0
Net change in unrealized depreciation on investments		1,028,811
Net realized and unrealized losses on investments	$	1,028,811

	As of June 30, 2024
Gross unrealized appreciation on portfolio investments	$	0
Gross unrealized depreciation on portfolio investments		(128,112,931	)
Net unrealized depreciation on portfolio investments	$	(128,112,931	)

		Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Realized gains	$	16
Net change in unrealized depreciation on investments		(14,461,224	)
Net realized and unrealized losses on investments	$	(14,461,108	)

		As of June 30, 2023
Gross unrealized appreciation on portfolio investments	$	758,405
Gross unrealized depreciation on portfolio investments		(114,566,765	)
Net unrealized depreciation on portfolio investments	$	(113,808,360	)

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During the three months ended June 30, 2024, we recognized no net realized losses.

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, net unrealized depreciation on total investments decreased by $1,028,811. The change in net unrealized appreciation and depreciation of our private investments is based on portfolio asset valuations determined in good faith by our Board of Directors. This change in net unrealized depreciation was primarily attributable to a increase in the fair value of our portfolio companies, notably Hera.

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, we recognized net realized gains of approximately $16.

NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS AND CHANGE IN NET ASSETS PER SHARE

For the three months ended June 30, 2024, the net increase in net assets resulting from operations (net of deferred taxes) totaled $850,000 and basic and fully diluted net change in net assets per share for the three months ended June 30, 2024, was $0.12.

For the three months ended June 30, 2023, the net decrease in net assets resulting from operations (net of deferred taxes) totaled $(14,768,311) and basic and fully diluted net change in net assets per share for the three months ended June 30, 2023, was $(2.14).

The increase in net assets resulting from operations for the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023, is due primarily to a decline in net realized and unrealized losses..

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The following information is a comparison for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023

INVESTMENT INCOME

For the six months ended June 30, 2024, we had investment income of $62,001 primarily attributable to interest accrued on convertible/term note investments with Hera Systems.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023, we had investment income of $322,938 primarily attributable to interest accrued on convertible/term note investments with Hera Systems.

The lower level of investment income in the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023, was due to decline in accrued interest on current notes.

OPERATING EXPENSES

Operating expenses totaled approximately $(2,574,660) during the six months ended June 30, 2024, and $828,130 during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Significant components of net operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2024 were management fee expense waiver of $(3,059,656)(see Note 4), and professional fees (audit, legal, and consulting) of $157,104.

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Significant components of net operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023, were management fee expense of $339,543, and professional fees (audit, legal, and consulting) of $162,309.

The lower level of net operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023, is primarily attributable to a decrease in our total assets, on which the investment advisory fees are based plus the waiver of management fees (see Note 4)

NET INVESTMENT INCOME/(LOSS)

The net investment income/(loss) before taxes was $2,636,661 for the six months ended June 30, 2024, and $(505,192) for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

The net investment income in the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to the net investment loss in the six months ended June 30, 2023, is primarily due to the management fee waiver (see Note 4)

NET INVESTMENT REALIZED GAINS AND LOSSES AND UNREALIZED APPRECIATION AND DEPRECIATION

A summary of the net realized and unrealized gains and loss on investments for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2024, and June 30, 2023, is shown below.

		Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Realized gains	$	0
Net change in unrealized depreciation on investments		(2,879,112	)
Net realized and unrealized gains/(losses) on investments	$	(2,879,112	)

		As of June 30, 2024
Gross unrealized appreciation on portfolio investments	$	0
Gross unrealized depreciation on portfolio investments		(128,112,931	)
Net unrealized depreciation on portfolio investments	$	(128,112,931	)

		Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Realized gains	$	(7,864,,981	)
Net change in unrealized depreciation on investments		(11,140,362	)
Net realized and unrealized gains/(losses) on investments	$	(19,005,343	)

		As of June 30, 2023
Gross unrealized appreciation on portfolio investments	$	758,405
Gross unrealized depreciation on portfolio investments		(114,566,765	)
Net unrealized depreciation on portfolio investments	$	(113,808,360	)

During the six months ended June 30, 2024, we recognized no net realized losses

During the six months ended June 30, 2024, net unrealized depreciation on total investments decreased by $2,879,112. The change in net unrealized appreciation and depreciation of our private investments is based on portfolio asset valuations determined in good faith by our Board of Directors. This change in net unrealized depreciation was primarily attributable to a increase in the fair value of our portfolio companies, notably Hera.

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During the six months ended June 30, 2023, we recognized net realized losses of approximately ($7,864,997) from the sale of investments.

NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS AND CHANGE IN NET ASSETS PER SHARE

For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the net decrease in net assets resulting from operations (net of deferred taxes) totaled $(242,451) and basic and fully diluted net change in net assets per share for the six months ended June 30, 2024, was $(0.04).

For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the net decrease in net assets resulting from operations (net of deferred taxes) totaled $(19,510,535) and basic and fully diluted net change in net assets per share for the six months ended June 30, 2023, was $(2.83).

The lower decrease in net assets resulting from operations for the six months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023, is due primarily to a decline in net realized and unrealized losses.

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DISTRIBUTION POLICY

Our board of directors will determine the timing and amount, if any, of our distributions. We are not required to pay any minimum level of distributions of our income or capital gains.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

The Fund does not have any Contractual Obligations that meet the requirements for disclosure under Item 303 of Regulation S-K.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

The Fund does not have any Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

This discussion of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements will require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses. Changes in the economic environment, financial markets, and any other parameters used in determining such estimates could cause actual results to differ. In addition to the discussion below, we will describe our critical accounting policies in the notes to our future financial statements.

Valuation of Portfolio Investments

As a business development company, we generally invest in illiquid equity and equity derivatives of securities of venture capital stage technology companies. Under written procedures established by our board of directors, securities traded on stock exchanges, or quoted by NASDAQ, are valued according to the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”) official closing price, if applicable, or at their last reported sale price as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 P.M. Eastern Time). If a security is not traded that day, the security will be valued at its most recent bid price. Securities traded in the over-the-counter market, but not quoted by NASDAQ, are valued at the last sale price (or, if the last sale price is not readily available, at the most recent closing bid price as quoted by brokers that make markets in the securities) at the close of trading on the NYSE. Securities traded both in the over-the-counter market and on a stock exchange are valued according to the broadest and most representative market. We obtain these market values from an independent pricing service or at the mean between the bid and ask prices obtained from at least two brokers or dealers (if available, otherwise by a principal market maker or a primary market dealer). In addition, a large percentage of our portfolio investments are in the form of securities that are not publicly traded. The fair value of securities and other investments that are not publicly traded may not be readily determinable. We value these securities quarterly at fair value as determined in good faith by our board of directors. Our board of directors may use the services of a nationally recognized independent valuation firm to aid it in determining the fair value of these securities.

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The methods for valuing these securities may include: fundamental analysis (sales, income, or earnings multiples, etc.), discounts from market prices of similar securities, purchase price of securities, subsequent private transactions in the security or related securities, or discounts applied to the nature and duration of restrictions on the disposition of the securities, as well as a combination of these and other factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private securities and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time, and may be based on estimates, our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these securities existed. Our net asset value could be adversely affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of our investments were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon the disposal of such securities.

Revenue Recognition

We record interest or dividend income on an accrual basis to the extent that we expect to collect such amounts. We do not accrue as a receivable interest on loans and debt securities if we have reason to doubt our ability to collect such interest. Loan origination fees, original issue discount, and market discount are capitalized, and we amortize any such amounts as interest income. Upon the prepayment of a loan or debt security, any unamortized loan origination is recorded as interest income. We will record prepayment premiums on loans and debt securities as interest income when we receive such amounts.

Net Realized Gains or Losses and Net Change in Unrealized Appreciation or Depreciation

We measure realized gains or losses by the difference between the net proceeds from the repayment or sale and the cost basis of the investment, without regard to unrealized appreciation or depreciation previously recognized. Net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation reflects the change in portfolio investment values during the reporting period, including any reversal of previously recorded unrealized appreciation or depreciation, when gains or losses are realized.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or other standards setting bodies that are adopted by us as of the specified effective date. We believe that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on our financial statements upon effectiveness.

Inflation

Inflation has not had a significant effect on our results of operations in any of the reporting periods presented herein. However, our portfolio companies have experienced, and may in the future experience, the impacts of inflation on their operating results.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Subsequent to the close of the fiscal quarter on June 30, 2024, and through the date of the issuance of the financial statements included herein, there have been no material events related to our portfolio of investments. Since that date, there have been no purchases or sales of securities by the Fund.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

The Company’s business activities contain elements of risk. We consider the principal types of market risk to be valuation risk and small company investment risk.

VALUATION RISK

Value, as defined in Section 2(a)(41) of the 1940 Act, is (i) the market price for those securities for which market quotations are readily available and (ii) fair value as determined in good faith by, or under the direction of, the Board of Directors for all other assets.

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Because there is typically no public market for our interests in the small privately-held companies in which we invest, the valuation of the securities in that portion of our portfolio is determined in good faith by our Board of Directors with the assistance of our Valuation Committee, comprised of the independent members of our Board of Directors, in accordance with our Valuation Procedures. In addition, the Board of Directors may use the services of a nationally recognized independent valuation firm to aid it in determining the fair value of some of these securities. In the absence of a readily ascertainable market value, the determined value of our portfolio of securities may differ significantly from the values that would be placed on the portfolio if a ready market for such securities existed. Determining fair value requires that judgment be applied to the specific facts and circumstances of each portfolio investment, although our valuation policy is intended to provide a consistent basis for determining fair value of the portfolio investments. The methods for valuing these securities may include: fundamental analysis (sales, income, or earnings multiples, etc.), discounts from market prices of similar securities, purchase price of securities, subsequent private transactions in the security or related securities, or discounts applied to the nature and duration of restrictions on the disposition of the securities, as well as a combination of these and other factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private securities and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time, and may be based on estimates, our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these securities existed.

Furthermore, changes in valuation of any of our investments in privately-held companies from one period to another may be volatile.

Investments in privately held, immature companies are inherently more volatile than investments in more mature businesses. Such immature businesses are inherently fragile and easily affected by both internal and external forces.

Our portfolio companies can lose much or all of their value suddenly in response to an internal or external adverse event. Conversely, these immature businesses can gain suddenly in value in response to an internal or external positive development.

The values assigned to our assets are based on available information and do not necessarily represent amounts that might ultimately be realized, as these amounts depend on future circumstances and cannot be reasonably determined until the individual investments are actually liquidated or become readily marketable. Upon sale of investments, the values that are ultimately realized may be different from what is presently estimated. This difference could be material.

PRIVATELY PLACED SMALL COMPANIES RISK

The Company invests in small companies, and its investments in these companies are considered speculative in nature. The Company’s investments often include securities that are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale that adversely affect the liquidity and marketability of such securities. As a result, the Company is subject to risk of loss which may prevent our shareholders from achieving price appreciation, dividend distributions and return of capital.

WE CURRENTLY HOLD

A PORTION OF OUR ASSETS IN CASH

As of June 30, 2024, a portion of the Company’s assets was invested in cash and/or cash equivalents, which are expected to earn low yields. Given the current low interest rate environment, to the extent the management fee and other operating expenses exceed interest income on the cash holdings of the Company, the Company may experience losses. Furthermore, the investment advisory fee payable by us will not be reduced while our assets are invested in cash-equivalent securities.

In some cases, particularly for primary transactions, it is to our advantage to hold sufficient cash reserve so that we can make additional subsequent investments in these companies in order to (a) avoid having our earlier investments become diluted in future dilutive financings, (b) invest additional capital into existing portfolio companies in case additional investments are necessary, and/or (c) exercise warrants, options, or convertible securities that were acquired as part of the earlier transactions. For this reason, in the case of primary transactions (as opposed to secondary transactions where we do not buy the securities from the issuing companies but instead from existing stockholders), we typically reserve cash in an amount at least equal to our initial investment for such follow-on opportunities. Cash reserves held with respect to a particular investment should, therefore, decline as it is held longer, and will typically not be needed once that portfolio company becomes public or we determine it is no longer in our best interest to make investments in such portfolio company.

We may from time to time liquidate various investments. We are required to distribute substantially all of our net realized gains to stockholders on an annual basis and, therefore, will generally hold the proceeds of liquidated investments in cash pending its distribution.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)). Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and provided reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act, that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2024, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

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ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

There have been no material changes from risk factors as previously disclosed in our Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2023, in response to Item 1A of Part 1 of Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.

INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT APPROVAL DISCLOSURE (UNAUDITED)

At a meeting held on August 11, 2013, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of the Company approved the continuation of the Company’s Investment Management Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Firsthand Capital Management, Inc. (the “Adviser”) for an additional one-year period through August 31, 2024.

During the course of each year and in connection with their consideration of the continuation of the Agreement, the Board received various materials from the Adviser, including (i) information on the advisory personnel of the Adviser; (ii) information on the internal compliance procedures of the Adviser; (iii) comparative information showing how the Company’s fees and expenses compare to other business development companies that follow investment strategies similar to those of the Company; (iv) information regarding brokerage and portfolio transactions; (vi) comparative information showing how the Company’s performance compares to other business development companies that follow investment strategies similar to those of the Company; and (vii) information on any material legal proceedings or regulatory audits or investigations affecting the Company or the Adviser.

After receiving and reviewing these materials, the Board, at a meeting called for such purpose (the “Meeting”), discussed the terms of the Agreement. The Meeting was held by video pursuant to an order issued on June 19, 2020 by the Securities and Exchange Commission, providing that business development companies are temporarily exempt from certain in-person board approval requirements, including with respect to the renewal of investment management agreements, due to conflicts related to the coronavirus. Representatives from the Adviser attended the Meeting and presented additional oral and written information to the Board to assist in its considerations. The Directors who are not parties to the Agreement or “interested persons” (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) of any such party (the “Independent Directors”) also met in executive session to further discuss the terms of the Agreement and the information provided by the Adviser.

Discussed below are certain of the factors considered by the Board in continuing the Agreement. This discussion is not intended to be all-inclusive. The Board, including the Independent Directors, reviewed a variety of factors and considered a significant amount of information, including information received on an ongoing basis at Board and committee meetings and in various discussions with senior management of the Adviser relating specifically to the Adviser and the Agreement. The approval determination was made on the basis of each Director’s business judgment after consideration of all the information taken as a whole. Individual Directors may have given different weight to certain factors and assigned various degrees of materiality to information received in connection with the contract review process.

Taking all of the information and deliberations into account, the Independent Directors reviewed various factors presented to them, the detailed information provided by the Adviser at the Meeting and at other times throughout the year, and other relevant information and the following factors, none of which was dispositive in their decision whether to approve the Agreement:

Nature, Extent and Quality of Services

The Board received and considered various data and information regarding the nature, extent and quality of services provided to the Company by the Adviser. The most recent Form ADV for the Adviser was provided to the Board, as were written and oral responses of the Adviser to an information request submitted by independent legal counsel on behalf of the Independent Directors. The Board reviewed these responses, which included among other things, information about the background and experience of the investment personnel of the Adviser primarily responsible for day-to-day portfolio management of the Company. The Board also reviewed the Adviser’s overall ability to continue to manage and administer the Company as well as to oversee the service providers to the Company.

The Board evaluated the ability of the Adviser, considering its financial condition, resources, reputation and other attributes, to attract and retain highly qualified investment professionals, including research, advisory, supervisory and administrative personnel. In this regard, the Board considered information regarding the structure of the Adviser’s compensation program for its personnel involved in the management and administration of the Company, including incentive and retirement plans. The Board considered the effectiveness of policies of the Company in achieving the best execution of portfolio transactions, whether and to what extent “soft dollar” benefits are used, the extent to which efforts are made to recapture transaction costs and the controls applicable to brokerage allocation procedures. The Board recognized that the Company’s investment transactions generally are privately negotiated by the Adviser in complex transactions rather than executed through a broker in a traditional exchange transaction. The Board reviewed the policies of the Adviser regarding the allocation of portfolio investment opportunities among the Company and other clients. The Board noted that the Adviser does not use “traditional soft-dollar” arrangements, where soft-dollar credits are generated based on the level of trades and then used for products or services from third parties. The Board also noted that the Adviser, from time to time, entered into arrangements where it received research (including invitations to conferences) from broker-dealers that the Adviser used to execute client trades, and that from time to time the Adviser had retained specialized technology consultants or other experts, at the expense of the Company with approval of the Board, for the purpose of evaluating some aspect of a prospective or existing portfolio holding. The Board also considered that the Adviser had outsourced the trading function to achieve certain operating efficiencies.

The Board also considered the market for the Company’s stock and the challenges associated with the Company’s raising additional capital under current market conditions.

In addition, the Board received and reviewed information on SEC and other inquiries, examinations and proceedings relating to the Company and the Adviser. The Board considered the investment and legal compliance programs of the Adviser, including its implementation of enhanced compliance policies and procedures in response to SEC rule changes and other regulatory initiatives, and the level of compliance attained by the Adviser.

Based on the above factors, together with those referenced below, the Board, including a majority of the Independent Directors, concluded that it was generally satisfied with the nature, extent and quality of the investment advisory services provided to the Company by the Adviser.

Company Performance

The Board considered the Company’s NAV performance and common stock performance results over the past year and various periods since its inception on April 18, 2011. It also considered these results in comparison to the NAV performance results of the Company compared to relevant benchmark indices and another publicly traded business development company with similar investment strategies to the Company. The Board noted that it had received a presentation regarding performance that earlier in the Meeting. The Board also considered the Adviser’s attempts to improve shareholder value (and related practical constraints).

Investment Advisory Fee Rate and Other Expenses

The Board reviewed and considered the proposed contractual management fee rate and incentive fee payable by the Company to the Adviser for investment advisory services (“Advisory Fee Rate”). Additionally, the Board received and considered information comparing the Advisory Fee Rate and the total expense ratio of the Company with those of other funds in an appropriate peer universe. The Board noted that the Company’s advisory fee structure was comparable to that of funds in the business development company comparison group, and given that many funds in the comparison group utilized leverage in their investment strategies, the Company’s effective Advisory Fee Rate for holders of its common stock was lower than its peers. The Board also noted that the Adviser, in an effort to support the Company and help it to preserve cash, has not collected its accrued management fees for a number of years. The Board further noted that the Adviser has also been paying for certain Company expenses to further help the Company to preserve cash.

Profitability

In executive session, the Board received and considered a profitability analysis of the Adviser with respect to the Company. The Board concluded that, in light of the costs of providing investment management and other services to the Company, the profits and other ancillary benefits that the Adviser received with regard to providing these services were not excessive.

Economies of Scale

The Board received and considered information regarding whether there have been economies of scale with respect to the management of the Company, whether the Company has appropriately benefited from any economies of scale, and whether there is potential for realization of any further economies of scale with respect to the Company. The consensus was that the Company is not large enough at this time to produce material economies of scale.

Information about Services to Other Clients

The Board also received and considered information about the services and fee rates offered by the Adviser to its other clients, namely Firsthand Technology Opportunities Fund and Firsthand Alternative Energy Fund, two registered investment companies also managed by the Adviser. The Board concluded that the Advisory Fee Rate charged by the Adviser to the Company was not comparable to other clients of the Adviser given the substantial differences in the services provided and the investment strategy employed. Where rates offered to those two clients were lower, the Board concluded that the costs associated with managing and operating a registered closed-end business development company when compared with a registered investment company provided a justification for a higher fee rate, notwithstanding a fee that contains a performance component.

Other Benefits to the Adviser

The Board received and considered information regarding potential “fall-out” or ancillary benefits to the Adviser as a result of its relationship with the Company. Such benefits could include, among others, benefits directly attributable to the relationship of the Adviser with the Company (such as “soft dollar” benefits) and benefits potentially derived from an increase in the business of the Adviser as a result of its relationship with the Company (such as the ability to market to shareholders other financial products offered by the Adviser).

Other Factors and Broader Review

Throughout the year, the Board regularly reviews and assesses the quality of the services that the Company receives from the Adviser. In this regard, the Board reviews reports of the Adviser in each of its quarterly meetings, which include, among other things, a detailed portfolio review and detailed fund performance reports. In addition, the Board interviews the portfolio manager of the Company at various times throughout the year.

Conclusion

After considering the aforementioned factors and based on its deliberations and evaluation of the information provided to it, the Board concluded that re-approval of the Company’s Investment Management Agreement was in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.

EXHIBIT NUMBER
3.3	Registrant’s Amended and Restated Bylaws – is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 22, 2023.

31.1	Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2	Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.	Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

FIRSTHAND TECHNOLOGY VALUE FUND, INC.

(Registrant)

Dated: August 14, 2024

Kevin Landis

Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer

EXHIBIT INDEX

EXHIBIT NUMBER	Description
3.3	Registrant’s Amended and Restated Bylaws – is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 22, 2023.

31.1	Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2	Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.	Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002