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Loans Receivable And Allowance For Credit Losses
6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract]  
Loans Receivable And Allowance For Credit Losses LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Loans receivable, net at the dates presented is summarized as follows:
March 31, 2021September 30, 2020
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$3,967,008 $3,937,310 
Correspondent purchased1,915,027 2,101,082 
Bulk purchased188,733 208,427 
Construction28,582 34,593 
Total6,099,350 6,281,412 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate664,533 626,588 
Commercial and industrial 77,210 97,614 
Construction53,271 105,458 
Total795,014 829,660 
Consumer:
Home equity90,052 103,838 
Other8,743 10,086 
Total98,795 113,924 
Total loans receivable6,993,159 7,224,996 
Less:
ACL23,397 31,527 
Discounts/unearned loan fees 30,295 29,190 
Premiums/deferred costs(34,069)(38,572)
$6,973,536 $7,202,851 

Lending Practices and Underwriting Standards - Originating and purchasing one- to four-family loans is the Bank's primary lending business. The Bank also originates consumer loans primarily secured by one- to four-family residential properties and originates and participates in commercial loans. The Bank has a loan concentration in one- to four-family loans and a geographic concentration of these loans in Kansas and Missouri.

One- to four-family loans - Full documentation to support an applicant's credit and income, and sufficient funds to cover all applicable fees and reserves at closing, are required on all loans. Generally, loans are underwritten according to the "ability to repay" and "qualified mortgage" standards, as issued by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB"). Properties securing one- to four-family loans are appraised by either staff appraisers or fee appraisers, both of which are independent of the loan origination function.

The underwriting standards for loans purchased from correspondent lenders are generally similar to the Bank's internal underwriting standards. The underwriting of loans purchased from correspondent lenders on a loan-by-loan basis is performed by the Bank's underwriters.

The Bank also originates owner-occupied construction-to-permanent loans secured by one- to four-family residential real estate. Construction draw requests and the supporting documentation are reviewed and approved by designated personnel. The Bank also performs regular documented inspections of the construction project to ensure the funds are being used for the intended purpose and the project is being completed according to the plans and specifications provided.

Commercial loans - The Bank's commercial real estate and commercial construction loans are originated by the Bank or are in participation with a lead bank. When underwriting a commercial real estate or commercial construction loan, several factors are considered, such as the income producing potential of the property, cash equity provided by the borrower, the financial strength of the borrower, managerial expertise of the borrower or tenant, feasibility studies, lending experience with the borrower and the marketability of the property. For commercial real estate and commercial construction participation loans, the Bank performs the same underwriting procedures as if the loan was being originated by the Bank. At the time of origination, LTV ratios on commercial
real estate loans generally do not exceed 85% of the appraised value of the property securing the loans and the minimum debt service coverage ratio is generally 1.15. For commercial construction loans, LTV ratios generally do not exceed 80% of the projected appraised value of the property securing the loans and the minimum debt service coverage ratio is generally 1.15, but it applies to the projected cash flows, and the borrower must have successful experience with the construction and operation of properties similar to the subject property. Appraisals on properties securing these loans are performed by independent state certified fee appraisers.

The Bank's commercial and industrial loans are generally made in the Bank's market areas and are underwritten on the basis of the borrower's ability to service the debt from income. With the exception of Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans, working capital loans are primarily collateralized by short-term assets whereas term loans are primarily collateralized by long-term assets. In general, commercial and industrial loans involve more credit risk than commercial real estate loans due to the type of collateral securing these loans. As a result of these additional complexities, variables and risks, these loans require more thorough underwriting and servicing than other types of loans.

Consumer loans - The Bank offers a variety of secured consumer loans, including home equity loans and lines of credit, home improvement loans, vehicle loans, and loans secured by deposits. The Bank also originates a very limited amount of unsecured loans. The majority of the consumer loan portfolio is comprised of home equity lines of credit for which the Bank also has the first mortgage or the home equity line of credit is in the first lien position.

The underwriting standards for consumer loans include a determination of an applicant's payment history on other debts and an assessment of an applicant's ability to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan. Although creditworthiness of an applicant is a primary consideration, the underwriting process also includes a comparison of the value of the security in relation to the proposed loan amount.

Credit Quality Indicators - Based on the Bank's lending emphasis and underwriting standards, management has segmented the loan portfolio into three segments: (1) one- to four-family; (2) consumer; and (3) commercial. See discussion regarding the credit risks for these loan segments in Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Allowance for Credit Losses. These segments are further divided into classes for purposes of providing disaggregated credit quality information about the loan portfolio. The classes are: one- to four-family - originated, one- to four-family - correspondent purchased, one- to four-family - bulk purchased, consumer - home equity, consumer - other, commercial - commercial real estate, and commercial - commercial and industrial. One- to four-family construction loans are included in either the originated class or correspondent purchased class, and commercial construction loans are included in the commercial real estate class. As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Company's loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to loan classification and delinquency status.

Loan Classification - In accordance with the Bank's asset classification policy, management regularly reviews the problem loans in the Bank's portfolio to determine whether any loans require classification. Loan classifications are defined as follows:

Special mention - These loans are performing loans on which known information about the collateral pledged or the possible credit problems of the borrower(s) have caused management to have doubts as to the ability of the borrower(s) to comply with present loan repayment terms and which may result in the future inclusion of such loans in the non-performing loan categories.
Substandard - A loan is considered substandard if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans include those characterized by the distinct possibility the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful - Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts and conditions and values highly questionable and improbable.
Loss - Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets on the books is not warranted.
The following table sets forth, as of March 31, 2021, the amortized cost of loans by class of financing receivable, year of origination or most recent credit decision, and loan classification. All revolving lines of credit are presented separately, regardless of origination year. Loans classified as doubtful or loss are individually evaluated for loss. At March 31, 2021, there were no loans classified as doubtful, and all loans classified as loss were fully charged-off. In the table below, certain loans are presented in the "Current Fiscal Year" column and are reported as special mention or substandard. These loans were generally first originated in prior years but were renewed or modified in the current year.

March 31, 2021
CurrentFiscalFiscalFiscalFiscalRevolving
FiscalYearYearYearYearPriorLine of
Year2020201920182017YearsCreditTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated
Pass$546,777 $765,513 $378,070 $288,036 $324,016 $1,652,657 $— $3,955,069 
Special Mention241 671 247 348 640 8,129 — 10,276 
Substandard— 991 901 52 260 12,752 — 14,956 
Correspondent purchased
Pass219,320 383,770 103,658 174,282 212,244 834,709 — 1,927,983 
Special Mention— — 359 — — 3,564 — 3,923 
Substandard— — — — — 5,864 — 5,864 
Bulk purchased
Pass— — — — — 183,816 — 183,816 
Special Mention— — — — — 95 — 95 
Substandard— — — — — 5,619 — 5,619 
766,338 1,150,945 483,235 462,718 537,160 2,707,205 — 6,107,601 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate
Pass171,301 151,602 103,851 93,911 43,492 41,108 5,670 610,935 
Special Mention50,000 — — — — 50,640 — 100,640 
Substandard1,288 674 227 688 28 — — 2,905 
Commercial and industrial
Pass31,810 18,361 8,487 3,475 1,948 785 9,593 74,459 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — 91 51 — 1,450 1,592 
254,399 170,637 112,565 98,165 45,519 92,533 16,713 790,531 
Consumer:
Home equity
Pass917 3,113 2,118 1,886 697 3,214 77,132 89,077 
Special Mention— — 38 13 — 189 248 
Substandard— 60 — — — 16 671 747 
Other
Pass1,843 2,880 1,654 1,244 622 233 235 8,711 
Special Mention— — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — 16 
2,760 6,053 3,821 3,146 1,323 3,471 78,227 98,801 
Total$1,023,497 $1,327,635 $599,621 $564,029 $584,002 $2,803,209 $94,940 $6,996,933 
The following table sets forth the recorded investment in loans classified as special mention or substandard, by class, at September 30, 2020 (prior to the adoption of CECL). At that date, there were no loans classified as doubtful, and all loans classified as loss were fully charged-off.
September 30, 2020
Special MentionSubstandard
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$9,249 $15,729 
Correspondent purchased2,076 4,512 
Bulk purchased— 5,319 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate50,957 3,541 
Commercial and industrial 1,040 1,368 
Consumer:
Home equity331 581 
Other— 
$63,653 $31,058 
Delinquency Status - The following table sets forth, as of March 31, 2021, the amortized cost of current loans, loans 30 to 89 days delinquent, and loans 90 or more days delinquent or in foreclosure ("90+/FC"), by class of financing receivable and year of origination or most recent credit decision. All revolving lines of credit are presented separately, regardless of origination year.
March 31, 2021
CurrentFiscalFiscalFiscalFiscalRevolving
FiscalYearYearYearYearPriorLine of
Year2020201920182017YearsCreditTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated
Current$547,018 $767,175 $379,030 $288,247 $324,464 $1,665,823 $— $3,971,757 
30-89— — — 137 192 3,798 — 4,127 
90+/FC— — 188 52 260 3,917 — 4,417 
Correspondent purchased
Current219,320 383,770 103,847 173,572 211,843 838,669 — 1,931,021 
30-89— — 170 710 401 1,671 — 2,952 
90+/FC— — — — — 3,797 — 3,797 
Bulk purchased
Current— — — — — 185,979 — 185,979 
30-89— — — — — 356 — 356 
90+/FC— — — — — 3,195 — 3,195 
766,338 1,150,945 483,235 462,718 537,160 2,707,205 — 6,107,601 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate
Current222,234 151,603 103,851 94,336 43,520 91,562 5,670 712,776 
30-89355 — — 233 — 186 — 774 
90+/FC— 673 227 30 — — — 930 
Commercial and industrial
Current31,810 18,361 8,487 3,475 1,948 785 11,010 75,876 
30-89— — — — — — 33 33 
90+/FC— — — 91 51 — — 142 
254,399 170,637 112,565 98,165 45,519 92,533 16,713 790,531 
Consumer:
Home equity
Current917 3,113 2,156 1,899 697 3,197 77,326 89,305 
30-89— — — — — 36 217 253 
90+/FC— 60 — — — 449 514 
Other
Current1,843 2,876 1,651 1,244 616 215 234 8,679 
30-89— — 18 34 
90+/FC— — — — 16 
2,760 6,053 3,821 3,146 1,323 3,471 78,227 98,801 
Total$1,023,497 $1,327,635 $599,621 $564,029 $584,002 $2,803,209 $94,940 $6,996,933 
Delinquent and Nonaccrual Loans - The following tables present the amortized cost at March 31, 2021 and, prior to the adoption of CECL, the recorded investment, which is identical to amortized cost, at September 30, 2020, by class, of loans 30 to 89 days delinquent, loans 90 or more days delinquent or in foreclosure, total delinquent loans, current loans, and total. At March 31, 2021 and September 30, 2020, all loans 90 or more days delinquent were on nonaccrual status.
March 31, 2021
90 or More DaysTotalTotal
30 to 89 DaysDelinquent orDelinquentCurrentAmortized
Delinquentin ForeclosureLoansLoansCost
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$4,127 $4,417 $8,544 $3,971,757 $3,980,301 
Correspondent purchased2,952 3,797 6,749 1,931,021 1,937,770 
Bulk purchased356 3,195 3,551 185,979 189,530 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate774 930 1,704 712,776 714,480 
Commercial and industrial 33 142 175 75,876 76,051 
Consumer:
Home equity253 514 767 89,305 90,072 
Other34 16 50 8,679 8,729 
$8,529 $13,011 $21,540 $6,975,393 $6,996,933 
September 30, 2020
90 or More DaysTotalTotal
30 to 89 DaysDelinquent orDelinquentCurrentRecorded
Delinquentin ForeclosureLoansLoansInvestment
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$3,001 $4,347 $7,348 $3,950,387 $3,957,735 
Correspondent purchased3,170 2,433 5,603 2,122,085 2,127,688 
Bulk purchased2,558 2,938 5,496 203,844 209,340 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate40 1,206 1,246 728,191 729,437 
Commercial and industrial 157 162 96,124 96,286 
Consumer:
Home equity323 296 619 103,210 103,829 
Other75 83 9,980 10,063 
$9,172 $11,385 $20,557 $7,213,821 $7,234,378 

The amortized cost of mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process as of March 31, 2021 and September 30, 2020 was $910 thousand and $1.5 million, respectively, which is included in loans 90 or more days delinquent or in foreclosure in the tables above. The carrying value of residential OREO held as a result of obtaining physical possession upon completion of a foreclosure or through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure was $105 thousand at March 31, 2021 and $183 thousand at September 30, 2020.
The following table presents the amortized cost at March 31, 2021 and, prior to the adoption of CECL, the recorded investment at September 30, 2020, by class, of loans classified as nonaccrual. Additionally, the amortized cost of nonaccrual loans that had no related ACL is presented as of March 31, 2021, all of which were individually evaluated for loss and any identified losses have been charged off.
March 31, 2021September 30, 2020
Nonaccrual LoansNonaccrual Loans with No ACLNonaccrual Loans
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$6,062 $3,040 $5,037 
Correspondent purchased3,796 307 2,433 
Bulk purchased3,195 1,086 2,938 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate1,566 534 1,663 
Commercial and industrial 142 91 157 
Consumer:
Home equity514 84 305 
Other16 — 
$15,291 $5,142 $12,541 
Troubled Debt Restructurings - The following tables present the amortized cost for the current period and, prior to the adoption of CECL, the recorded investment for the prior period, prior to restructuring and immediately after restructuring in all loans restructured during the periods presented. These tables do not reflect the amortized cost at the end of the periods indicated. Any increase in the amortized cost at the time of the restructuring was generally due to the capitalization of delinquent interest and/or escrow balances.
For the Three Months Ended For the Six Months Ended
March 31, 2021March 31, 2021
NumberPre-Post-NumberPre-Post-
ofRestructuredRestructuredofRestructuredRestructured
ContractsOutstandingOutstandingContractsOutstandingOutstanding
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$871 $762 $1,518 $1,407 
Correspondent purchased— — — — — — 
Bulk purchased— — — — — — 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate— — — — — — 
Commercial and industrial — — — — — — 
Consumer:
Home equity— — — — — — 
Other— — — — — — 
$871 $762 $1,518 $1,407 

For the Three Months Ended For the Six Months Ended
March 31, 2020March 31, 2020
NumberPre-Post-NumberPre-Post-
ofRestructuredRestructuredofRestructuredRestructured
ContractsOutstandingOutstandingContractsOutstandingOutstanding
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$138 $140 $241 $242 
Correspondent purchased192 191 192 191 
Bulk purchased— — — 75 134 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate837 837 837 837 
Commercial and industrial — — — — — — 
Consumer:
Home equity45 44 45 44 
Other— — — — — — 
$1,212 $1,212 10 $1,390 $1,448 
The following table provides information on TDRs that became delinquent during the periods presented within 12 months after being restructured.
For the Three Months Ended For the Six Months Ended
March 31, 2021March 31, 2020March 31, 2021March 31, 2020
Number ofAmortizedNumber ofRecordedNumber ofAmortizedNumber ofRecorded
ContractsCostContractsInvestmentContractsCostContractsInvestment
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated— $— — $— — $— $38 
Correspondent purchased— — — — — — — — 
Bulk purchased— — — — — — 134 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate— — — — — — — — 
Commercial and industrial — — — — — — — — 
Consumer:
Home equity— — — — 
Other— — — — — — — — 
— $— $— $— $181 
Impaired Loans - The following information pertains to impaired loans, by class, as of the date and for the period presented (prior to the adoption of CECL). Prior to the adoption of CECL, a loan was considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it was probable that the Bank would be unable to collect all amounts due, including principal and interest, according to the original contractual terms of the loan agreement.

For the Three Months Ended For the Six Months Ended
September 30, 2020March 31, 2020March 31, 2020
UnpaidAverageInterestAverageInterest
RecordedPrincipalRelatedRecordedIncomeRecordedIncome
InvestmentBalanceACLInvestmentRecognizedInvestmentRecognized
With no related allowance recorded
One- to four-family:
Originated$12,385 $12,813 $— $14,441 $161 $14,526 $322 
Correspondent purchased1,955 2,058 — 1,854 19 1,814 37 
Bulk purchased3,843 4,302 — 4,965 50 4,965 102 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate1,052 1,379 — 547 312 
Commercial and industrial 99 244 — — — 19 — 
Consumer:
Home equity280 360 — 332 335 11 
Other— 45 — — — — — 
19,614 21,201 — 22,139 239 21,971 476 
With an allowance recorded
One- to four-family:
Originated— — — — — — — 
Correspondent purchased— — — — — — — 
Bulk purchased— — — — — — — 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate660 660 83 — — — — 
Commercial and industrial 1,269 1,268 240 2,244 42 1,282 54 
Consumer:
Home equity— — — — — — — 
Other— — — — — — — 
1,929 1,928 323 2,244 42 1,282 54 
Total
One- to four-family:
Originated12,385 12,813 — 14,441 161 14,526 322 
Correspondent purchased1,955 2,058 — 1,854 19 1,814 37 
Bulk purchased3,843 4,302 — 4,965 50 4,965 102 
Commercial:
Commercial real estate1,712 2,039 83 547 312 
Commercial and industrial 1,368 1,512 240 2,244 42 1,301 54 
Consumer:
Home equity280 360 — 332 335 11 
Other— 45 — — — — — 
$21,543 $23,129 $323 $24,383 $281 $23,253 $530 
Allowance for Credit Losses - The following is a summary of ACL activity, by loan portfolio segment, for the periods presented. Activity during the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 occurred prior to the adoption of CECL.
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance$1,538 $1,758 $852 $4,148 $21,707 $270 $26,125 
Charge-offs(110)— (21)(131)— (7)(138)
Recoveries57 — — 57 68 
Provision for credit losses51 (53)(84)(86)(2,558)(14)(2,658)
Ending balance$1,536 $1,705 $747 $3,988 $19,157 $252 $23,397 

For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2021
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance$6,085 $2,691 $467 $9,243 $21,800 $484 $31,527 
Adoption of CECL(4,452)(367)436 (4,383)(193)(185)(4,761)
Balance at October 1, 20201,633 2,324 903 4,860 21,607 299 26,766 
Charge-offs(124)— (21)(145)(515)(10)(670)
Recoveries91 — — 91 20 25 136 
Provision for credit losses(64)(619)(135)(818)(1,955)(62)(2,835)
Ending balance$1,536 $1,705 $747 $3,988 $19,157 $252 $23,397 

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance$2,047 $1,200 $612 $3,859 $5,418 $158 $9,435 
Charge-offs(46)— — (46)(325)(4)(375)
Recoveries— — 54 61 
Provision for credit losses4,463 2,155 (55)6,563 15,181 331 22,075 
Ending balance$6,467 $3,355 $557 $10,379 $20,328 $489 $31,196 
For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2020
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance$2,000 $1,203 $687 $3,890 $5,171 $165 $9,226 
Charge-offs(64)— — (64)(349)(10)(423)
Recoveries— — 81 93 
Provision for credit losses4,528 2,152 (130)6,550 15,425 325 22,300 
Ending balance$6,467 $3,355 $557 $10,379 $20,328 $489 $31,196 


The following is a summary of the loan portfolio and related ACL balances by loan portfolio segment disaggregated by the Company's impairment method as of September 30, 2020 (prior to the adoption of CECL).
September 30, 2020
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Recorded investment in loans:
Collectively evaluated for impairment$3,945,350 $2,125,733 $205,497 $6,276,580 $822,643 $113,612 $7,212,835 
Individually evaluated for impairment12,385 1,955 3,843 18,183 3,080 280 21,543 
$3,957,735 $2,127,688 $209,340 $6,294,763 $825,723 $113,892 $7,234,378 
ACL for loans:
Collectively evaluated for impairment$6,085 $2,691 $467 $9,243 $21,477 $484 $31,204 
Individually evaluated for impairment— — — — 323 — 323 
$6,085 $2,691 $467 $9,243 $21,800 $484 $31,527 
The key assumptions in the Company's ACL model include the economic forecast, the forecast and reversion to mean time periods, and prepayment and curtailment assumptions. Management also considered certain qualitative factors when evaluating the adequacy of the ACL at March 31, 2021. The key assumptions utilized in estimating the Company's ACL at March 31, 2021 are discussed below.
Economic Forecast - Management considered several economic forecasts provided by a third party and selected the economic forecast believed to be the most appropriate considering the facts and circumstances at March 31, 2021. The forecasted economic indices applied to the model at March 31, 2021 were the national unemployment rate, changes in commercial real estate price index, changes in home values, and changes in the U.S. gross domestic product. The economic index most impactful to all loan pools within the model at March 31, 2021 was the national unemployment rate. The forecast national unemployment rate in the economic scenario selected by management at March 31, 2021 had the national unemployment rate peaking at 6.4% at September 30, 2021 and then a gradual decline to 5.3% at March 31, 2022 which was the end of our four quarter forecast time period.
Forecast and reversion to mean time period - The forecasted time period for all of the economic indices was four quarters at March 31, 2021. The reversion to mean time period was eight quarters for the national unemployment rate and four quarters for all other economic indices at March 31, 2021.
Prepayment and curtailment assumptions - The assumptions used at March 31, 2021 were generally based on actual prepayment and curtailment speeds for each respective loan pool in the model.
Qualitative factors - The qualitative considerations by management at March 31, 2021 included the COVID-19 loan modification programs considering the payment performance of the loans that had exited their deferral periods, the balance and trending of large-dollar special mention commercial loans, and the economic uncertainties related to (1) the job market, specifically the unemployment rate, labor participation rate and the effectiveness of the latest federal stimulus package to the unemployed and the economic stimulus payments to qualifying households, (2) the unevenness of the recovery in certain industries, and (3) the impact to the housing market as a result of the foreclosure moratorium and how the housing market may react when the foreclosure moratorium is eventually lifted. Management determined a qualitative amount was not necessary at March 31, 2021 for the loans in the COVID-19 loan modification program due to the significant decrease in the dollar amount of the loans in the program and the fact that the majority of the loans that have exited the program are current on their payments. See discussion below regarding the qualitative amount at March 31, 2021 for special mention commercial loans and the economic uncertainty.

The decrease in ACL during the current quarter was primarily a result of a negative provision for credit losses of $2.7 million. The negative provision for credit losses was due primarily to a reduction in commercial loan ACL as a result of improvements in the economic forecast used in the model, partially offset by an increase in qualitative factors, primarily the economic uncertainty qualitative factor, along with a change in the mix of the loan portfolio during the current quarter. The balance of the one- to four-family loan portfolio decreased during the quarter, partially offset by an increase in commercial loans. The reduction in ACL related to the decrease in the balance of the one- to four-family loan portfolio during the current quarter was more than offset by the increase in ACL related to an increase in the balance of the commercial loan portfolio.

Reserve for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures - The following is a summary of the changes in reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures during the periods indicated.
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2021
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance6,433 Beginning balance$— 
Provision for credit losses(306)Adoption of CECL7,788 
Ending balance$6,127 Balance at October 1, 20207,788 
Provision for credit losses(1,661)
Ending balance$6,127 

At March 31, 2021, the Company also applied a qualitative factor for economic uncertainty related to the calculation of the reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures; however, the impact of this qualitative factor was smaller compared to the economic uncertainty factor applied in the calculation of ACL due to consideration of the fact that the majority of off-balance sheet credit exposures are related to credits that have been underwritten during a challenging economic environment and are still meeting/exceeding the Bank's conservative underwriting requirements. The $306 thousand reduction in the reserve during the current quarter, which was recognized as a negative provision for credit losses, was due to an improvement in the economic forecast, along with a change in the mix of off-balance sheet credit exposures. The balance of off-balance sheet credit exposures increased during the current quarter due to an increase in one- to four-family off-balance sheet credit exposures, partially offset by a decrease in commercial off-balance sheet credit exposures. Even though the aggregate amount of off-balance sheet credit exposures increased during the current quarter, the related reserve decreased because one- to four-family off-balance sheet credit exposures have a significantly lower reserve rate than commercial off-balance sheet credit exposures due to differences in credit risk.