10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☑ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________.

Commission File Number: 001-34811

Ameresco, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	04-3512838
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
111 Speen Street, Suite 410 Framingham, Massachusetts	01701
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(508) 661-2200

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share	AMRC	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ☑	Accelerated Filer o	Non-accelerated filer o	Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class	Shares outstanding as of May 1, 2024
Class A Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share	34,338,602
Class B Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share	18,000,000

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2024 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2023	1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests and Stockholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)	6
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	8
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	28
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	37
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	37
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	38
Item 1A. Risk Factors	38
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	38
Item 5. Other Information	38
Item 6. Exhibits	39
Signatures	40

Part I - Financial Information

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

AMERESCO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents (1)	$	77,681	$	79,271
Restricted cash (1)	57,737		62,311
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $898 and $903, respectively (1)	146,836		153,362
Accounts receivable retainage, net	32,158		33,826
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings (1)	652,428		636,163
Inventory, net	13,076		13,637
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (1)	118,813		123,391
Income tax receivable	4,836		5,775
Project development costs, net	22,907		20,735
Total current assets (1)	1,126,472		1,128,471
Federal ESPC receivable	577,651		609,265
Property and equipment, net (1)	17,170		17,395
Energy assets, net (1)	1,788,569		1,689,424
Deferred income tax assets, net	25,677		26,411
Goodwill, net	75,311		75,587
Intangible assets, net	6,197		6,808
Operating lease assets (1)	69,348		58,586
Restricted cash, non-current portion (1)	12,553		12,094
Other assets (1)	104,318		89,735
Total assets (1)	$	3,803,266	$	3,713,776
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS, AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net (1)	$	539,201	$	322,247
Accounts payable (1)	437,240		402,752
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (1)	109,954		108,831
Current portions of operating lease liabilities (1)	14,220		13,569
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	61,267		52,903
Income taxes payable	398		1,169
Total current liabilities (1)	1,162,280		901,471
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs (1)	1,011,576		1,170,075
Federal ESPC liabilities	504,689		533,054
Deferred income tax liabilities, net	4,584		4,479
Deferred grant income	6,737		6,974
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion (1)	50,710		42,258
Other liabilities (1)	88,619		82,714
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Redeemable non-controlling interests, net	43,908		46,865

(1) Includes restricted assets of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $194,752 and $312,701, respectively. Includes liabilities of consolidated VIEs at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $45,878 and 199,063, respectively. See Note 13.

1

AMERESCO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts) (Continued)

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(Unaudited)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	$	—	$	—
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 36,421,956 shares issued and 34,320,161 shares outstanding at March 31, 2024, 36,378,990 shares issued and 34,277,195 shares outstanding at December 31, 2023	3		3
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, 144,000,000 shares authorized, 18,000,000 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	2		2
Additional paid-in capital	327,367		320,892
Retained earnings	592,947		595,911
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net	(3,592)		(3,045)
Treasury stock, at cost, 2,101,795 shares at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	(11,788)		(11,788)
Stockholders’ equity before non-controlling interest	904,939		901,975
Non-controlling interests	25,224		23,911
Total stockholders’ equity	930,163		925,886
Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interests, and stockholders’ equity	$	3,803,266	$	3,713,776

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

AMERESCO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF (LOSS) INCOME

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Revenues	$	298,406	$	271,042
Cost of revenues	251,413		221,094
Gross profit	46,993		49,948
Earnings from unconsolidated entities	555		450
Selling, general and administrative expenses	39,555		41,301
Operating income	7,993		9,097
Other expenses, net	14,171		8,043
(Loss) income before income taxes	(6,178)		1,054
Income tax provision (benefit)	—		(503)
Net (loss) income	(6,178)		1,557
Net loss (income) attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests	3,241		(455)
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(2,937)	$	1,102
Net (loss) income per share attributable to common shareholders:
Basic	$	(0.06)	$	0.02
Diluted	$	(0.06)	$	0.02
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	52,289		51,963
Diluted	52,289		53,261

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

AMERESCO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Net (loss) income	$	(6,178)	$	1,557
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gain (loss) from interest rate hedges, net of tax	539		(868)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(1,162)		282
Total other comprehensive loss	(623)		(586)
Comprehensive (loss) income	(6,801)		971
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests:
Net loss (income)	3,241		(455)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	76		(8)
Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests	3,317		(463)
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(3,484)	$	508

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

AMERESCO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

(In thousands, except share amounts) (Unaudited)

	Redeemable Non-controlling Interests		Class A Common Stock			Class B Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital				Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Treasury Stock			Non-controlling Interests		Total Stockholders’ Equity
			Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount				Retained Earnings				Shares	Amount
Balance, December 31, 2022	$	46,623	33,948,362	$	3	18,000,000	$	2	$	306,314	$	533,549	$	(4,051)	2,101,795	$	(11,788)	$	49,002	$	873,031
Exercise of stock options	—		82,000	—		—	—		571		—		—		—	—		—		571
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—	—		—	—		4,037		—		—		—	—		—		4,037
Unrealized loss from interest rate hedges, net	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(868)		—	—		—		(868)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		274		—	—		8		282
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interests	(178)		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—	—		—		—
Accretion of tax equity financing fees	27		—	—		—	—		—		(27)		—		—	—		—		(27)
Investment fund call option exercise	196		—	—		—	—		(196)		—		—		—	—		—		(196)
Contributions from non-controlling interest	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—	—		16,417		16,417
Net income	32		—	—		—	—		—		1,102		—		—	—		423		1,525
Balance, March 31, 2023	$	46,700	34,030,362	$	3	18,000,000	$	2	$	310,726	$	534,624	$	(4,645)	2,101,795	$	(11,788)	$	65,850	$	894,772
Balance, December 31, 2023	$	46,865	34,277,195	$	3	18,000,000	$	2	$	320,892	$	595,911	$	(3,045)	2,101,795	$	(11,788)	$	23,911	$	925,886
Exercise of stock options	—		31,889	—		—	—		183		—		—		—	—		—		183
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—	—		—	—		3,026		—		—		—	—		—		3,026
Restricted stock units released	—		11,077	—		—	—		—		—		—		—	—		—		—
Unrealized gain from interest rate hedges, net	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		539		—	—		—		539
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(1,086)		—	—		(76)		(1,162)
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interests	(129)		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—	—		—		—
Accretion of tax equity financing fees	27		—	—		—	—		—		(27)		—		—	—		—		(27)
Contributions from non-controlling interests	—		—	—		—	—		3,040		—		—		—	—		25,824		28,864
Distributions to non-controlling interest	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—	—		(63)		(63)
Purchase of shares from non-controlling interest	—		—	—		—	—		226		—		—		—	—		(23,986)		(23,760)
Net loss	(2,855)		—	—		—	—		—		(2,937)		—		—	—		(386)		(3,323)
Balance, March 31, 2024	$	43,908	34,320,161	$	3	18,000,000	$	2	$	327,367	$	592,947	$	(3,592)	2,101,795	$	(11,788)	$	25,224	$	930,163

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

AMERESCO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income	$	(6,178)	$	1,557
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash flows from operating activities:
Depreciation of energy assets, net	17,124		13,341
Depreciation of property and equipment	1,175		644
Increase in contingent consideration	—		121
Accretion of ARO liabilities	66		66
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs	982		790
Amortization of intangible assets	539		302
Provision for bad debts	1		93
Loss on write-off of long-lived assets	—		18
Non-cash project revenue related to in-kind leases	(775)		—
Earnings from unconsolidated entities	(555)		(450)
Net (gain) loss from derivatives	(2,359)		163
Stock-based compensation expense	3,026		4,037
Deferred income taxes, net	687		(7,142)
Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain)	806		(29)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	5,899		58,954
Accounts receivable retainage	1,580		2,439
Federal ESPC receivable	(26,395)		(33,736)
Inventory, net	561		608
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	(7,842)		85,748
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	104		929
Income taxes receivable, net	180		6,380
Project development costs	(1,728)		(1,812)
Other assets	(1,413)		(1,903)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities	23,849		(82,266)
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	9,160		9,398
Other liabilities	2,323		522
Cash flows from operating activities	20,817		58,772
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(962)		(1,657)
Capital investment in energy assets	(105,633)		(89,787)
Capital investment in major maintenance of energy assets	(5,355)		(589)
Net proceeds from equity method investment	12,956		—
Contributions to equity method investments	(4,776)		—
Acquisitions, net of cash received	—		(9,182)
Loans to joint venture investments	—		(38)
Cash flows from investing activities	(103,770)		(101,253)
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

AMERESCO, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments of debt discount and debt issuance costs	$	(590)	$	(366)
Proceeds from exercises of options and ESPP	183		571
Proceeds from senior secured revolving credit facility, net	20,100		—
Proceeds from long-term debt financings	89,321		58,188
Proceeds from Federal ESPC projects	19,581		42,309
Net proceeds from energy asset receivable financing arrangements	4,748		4,438
Contributions from non-controlling interests	28,864		16,308
Distributions to non-controlling interest	(63)		—
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interests, net	(133)		(161)
Payment on seller's promissory note	(29,441)		—
Payments on long-term debt and financing leases	(55,196)		(15,159)
Cash flows from financing activities	77,374		106,128
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(126)		42
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(5,705)		63,689
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period	153,676		149,888
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	$	147,971	$	213,577
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	26,911	$	13,135
Cash paid for income taxes	$	59	$	323
Non-cash Federal ESPC settlement	$	49,926	$	—
Accrued purchases of energy assets	$	88,447	$	97,542
Non-cash contributions from non-controlling interest	$	—	$	109
Non-cash financing for energy asset project acquisition	$	32,500	$	—

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

AMERESCO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of Ameresco, Inc. (including its subsidiaries, the “Company,” “Ameresco,” “we,” “our,” or “us”) are unaudited, according to certain rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and include, in our opinion, normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) of the results for the periods indicated.

The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of results which may be expected for the full year. The December 31, 2023 consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in our annual report on Form 10-K (“2023 Form 10-K”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 29, 2024.

Reclassification and Rounding

Certain prior period amounts were reclassified to conform to the presentation in the current period. We round amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements to thousands and calculate all percentages and per-share data from the underlying whole-dollar amounts. Thus, certain amounts may not foot, crossfoot, or recalculate based on reported numbers due to rounding.

Significant Risks and Uncertainties

Global factors have continued to result in global supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures.

We have considered the impact of general global economic conditions on the assumptions and estimates used, which may change in response to this evolving situation. Results of future operations and liquidity could be adversely impacted by a number of factors including supply chain disruptions, varying levels of inflation, payments of outstanding receivable amounts beyond normal payment terms, workforce disruptions, and uncertain demand. As of the date of issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements, we cannot reasonably estimate the extent to which macroeconomic conditions may impact our financial condition, liquidity, or results of operations in the foreseeable future. The ultimate impact of the pandemic and general global economic conditions on our business is highly uncertain and will depend on future developments, and such impacts could exist for an extended period of time, even after the pandemic subsides.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Our accounting policies are set forth in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements contained in our 2023 Form 10-K. We have included certain updates to those policies below.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

Changes in the allowance for credit losses are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of period	$	903	$	911
Charges to (recoveries of) costs and expenses, net	1		93
Account write-offs and other	(6)		(33)
Allowance for credit losses, end of period	$	898	$	971

Accounts Receivable Factoring

Ameresco’s wholly-owned subsidiary in Italy entered into factoring agreements to sell certain receivables to unrelated third-party financial institutions on a non-recourse basis. These transactions are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing and result in a reduction in accounts receivable because the agreements transfer effective control over the receivables, and related risk, to the buyers. Our Italian subsidiary does not retain any interest in the underlying accounts

8

AMERESCO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

receivable once sold. Trade accounts receivables balances sold are removed from the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and cash received is reflected in operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Factoring fees during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were $169 and $0, respectively, and are included in other expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of income. See Note 18. Other Expenses, Net.

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist primarily of other receivables, deferred project costs, and other short-term prepaid expenditures that will be expensed within one year.

Prepaid expenses and other current assets comprised of the following:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Other receivables	$	44,014	$	74,454
Deferred project costs	65,020		38,240
Prepaid expenses	9,779		10,697
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	118,813	$	123,391

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Business Combinations— Joint Venture Formations

In August 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-05, Business Combinations— Joint Venture Formations (Subtopic 805-60) Recognition and Initial Measurement, which addresses the accounting for contributions made to a joint venture, upon formation, in a joint venture’s separate financial statements. ASU 2023-05 is effective prospectively for all joint venture formations with a formation date on or after January 1, 2025. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated consolidated financial statements.

Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative, which updates the disclosure or presentation requirements for a variety of topics in the codification. ASU 2023-06 is effective from the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, with early adoption prohibited. We will monitor the removal of the requirements from the current regulations and adopt the related amendments, but we do not anticipate this new guidance will have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements as we are currently subject to SEC requirements.

Segment Reporting (Topic 820) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 820) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which improves reportable segment disclosures by requiring enhanced disclosures for significant segment expenses and other segment items. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, to enhance the income tax disclosures, including disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation table and disaggregated information related to income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards, to clarify how to determine if a profits interest or similar award is within the scope of ASC 718 or is not a share-based payment arrangement and is within the scope of other guidance. ASU 2024-01 is effective for fiscal years

9

AMERESCO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Codification Improvements—Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02, Codification Improvements—Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements, to remove references to various FASB Concepts Statements based on suggestions received from stakeholders on the Accounting Standards Codification and other incremental improvements to GAAP. ASU 2024-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

3. REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Disaggregation of Revenue

Our reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were North America Regions, U.S. Federal, Europe, Alternative Fuels and All Other. On January 1, 2024, we changed the structure of our internal organization, and our U.S. Regions and Canada are now included in North America Regions. Additionally, our Asset Sustainability Group was formerly included in Canada, but is now included in “All Other”. As a result, previously reported amounts have been reclassified for comparative purposes.

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by line of business and reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total
Project revenue	$	116,211	$	43,479	$	41,424	$	3,163	$	7	$	204,284
O&M revenue	6,933		15,278		747		2,377		—		25,335
Energy assets	13,754		1,929		171		27,300		—		43,154
Other	1,387		204		1,780		19		22,243		25,633
Total revenues	$	138,285	$	60,890	$	44,122	$	32,859	$	22,250	$	298,406

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by line of business and reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2023:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total
Project revenue	$	119,231	$	45,549	$	17,200	$	—	$	1,250	$	183,230
O&M revenue	5,539		12,700		333		3,686		—		22,258
Energy assets	14,407		1,076		519		24,653		117		40,772
Other	1,365		231		1,044		—		22,142		24,782
Total revenues	$	140,542	$	59,556	$	19,096	$	28,339	$	23,509	$	271,042

The following table presents information related to our revenue recognized over time:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Percentage of revenue recognized over time	94%	93%

The remainder of our revenue is for products and services transferred at a point in time, at which point revenue is recognized.

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(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

We attribute revenues to customers based on the location of the customer. The following table presents information related to our revenues by geographic area:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
United States	$	239,099	$	233,084
Canada	15,180		17,234
Europe	44,127		20,724
Total revenues	$	298,406	$	271,042

Contract Balances

The following tables provide information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Accounts receivable, net	$	146,836	$	153,362
Accounts receivable retainage, net	32,158		33,826
Contract Assets:
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	$	652,428	$	636,163
Contract Liabilities:
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	$	61,267	$	52,903
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings, non-current (1)	19,883		18,688
Total contract liabilities	$	81,150	$	71,591

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accounts receivable, net	$	130,940	$	174,009
Accounts receivable retainage, net	35,625		38,057
Contract Assets:
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	$	497,762	$	576,363
Contract Liabilities:
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	$	39,326	$	34,796
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings, non-current (1)	12,510		7,617
Total contract liabilities	$	51,836	$	42,413
(1) Performance obligations that are expected to be completed beyond the next twelve months and are included in other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The increase in contract assets for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to billings of $210,475 offset by revenue recognized of $203,216. Contract assets are also affected by reclassifications, primarily from contract liabilities as a result of timing of customer payments. The increase in contract liabilities was primarily driven by the receipt of advance payments from customers, and related billings, as well as reclassifications from contract assets as a result of timing of customer payments. The advance payments and reclassifications exceeded the recognition of revenue as performance obligations were satisfied. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized revenue of $60,748 and billed $46,306 to customers that had balances which were included in contract liabilities at December 31, 2023.

The decrease in contract assets for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily due to billings of $286,203 offset by revenue recognized of $190,415. Contract assets also decreased due to reclassifications, primarily from contract liabilities as a result of timing of customer payments. The increase in contract liabilities was primarily driven by the receipt of advance payments from customers, and related billings, as well as reclassifications from contract assets as a result of timing of customer payments. The advance payments and reclassifications exceeded the recognition of revenue as performance obligations were satisfied.. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized revenue of $34,715 and billed $39,082 to customers that had balances which were included in the beginning balance of contract liabilities.

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(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

Performance Obligations

Our remaining performance obligations (“backlog”) represent the unrecognized revenue value of our contract commitments. At March 31, 2024, we had contracted backlog of $2,658,592 of which approximately 32% is anticipated to be recognized as revenue in the next twelve months. The remaining performance obligations primarily relate to the energy efficiency and renewable energy construction projects, including long-term operations and maintenance (“O&M”) services related to these projects. The long-term services have varying initial contract terms, up to 25 years.

Project Development Costs

Project development costs of $3,120 and $2,612 were recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of (loss) income on projects that converted to customer contracts during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

No impairment charges in connection with our project development costs were recorded during the three or three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

4. BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

We account for acquisitions using the acquisition method in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The purchase price for each acquisition is allocated to the assets based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired, which is calculated using level 3 inputs per the fair value hierarchy as defined in Note 11, is recorded as goodwill. Intangible assets, if identified, are also recorded. See Note 5 for additional information.

Enerqos Energy Solutions S.r.l. (“Enerqos”)

On February 24, 2023, we signed a definitive purchase and sale agreement to acquire Enerqos, a renewable energy and energy efficiency company headquartered in Milan, Italy. The acquisition closed on March 30, 2023 and the total purchase consideration was $13,445, of which $9,535 has been paid. There is no contingent consideration related to this acquisition. Cash acquired was $353, debt assumed was $3,951, and a deferred tax liability, net of $931 was recorded. In accordance with the SEC’s Regulation S-X and GAAP, we evaluated and determined that Enerqos is not deemed to be a significant subsidiary, therefore, we are not presenting the pro-forma effects of this acquisition on our operations.

The estimated goodwill of $6,855 from the Enerqos acquisition consists largely of expected benefits, including the combined entities experience and the acquired workforce. This goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. The estimated fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on management's estimates and assumptions that are preliminary and subject to adjustments. Any measurement period adjustments made within one year from acquisition date, are recorded as adjustments to goodwill. Any adjustments made beyond the measurement period will be included in our condensed consolidated statements of income.

The results of the acquisition since the date of the acquisition have been included in our operations as presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of (loss) income, condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. For the quarter ended March 31, 2024, we recognized $4,178 of revenue and $740 of net loss relating to Enerqos.

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(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

A summary of the cumulative consideration paid and allocation of the purchase price for the Enerqos acquisition are presented in the table below:

	Preliminary March 31, 2023		Measurement Period Adjustment		As Adjusted December 31, 2023
Cash	$	9,535	$	—	$	9,535
Long-term debt assumed, net of current portions	3,951		—		3,951
FX adjustment	(41)		—		(41)
Fair value of consideration transferred	$	13,445	$	—	$	13,445
Cash and cash equivalents	$	190	$	—	$	190
Accounts receivable	6,230		—		6,230
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	8,985		—		8,985
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	16,504		—		16,504
Project development costs	5,140		—		5,140
Property and equipment and energy assets	1,234		—		1,234
Intangible assets	4,438		—		4,438
Long-term restricted cash	163		—		163
Accounts payable	(15,480)		—		(15,480)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(4,510)		165		(4,345)
Current portions of long-term debt	(15,165)		—		(15,165)
Deferred income tax liabilities, net	(931)		—		(931)
Other liabilities	(208)		—		(208)
Recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed	$	6,590	$	165	$	6,755
Goodwill	$	6,855	$	(165)	$	6,690

5. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Due to the change in the structure of our internal organization, a portion of our goodwill was allocated to two new reporting units based on their relative fair values as of January 1, 2024. See Note 3 for additional information about the organizational changes. The changes in the carrying value of goodwill balances by reportable segment were as follows:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		Other		Total
Carrying Value of Goodwill
Balance, December 31, 2023	$	40,681	$	3,981	$	13,034	$	—	$	17,891	$	75,587
Goodwill acquired during the year	—		—		—		—		—		—
Fair value allocation	(1,474)		—		—		—		1,474		—
Currency effects	(70)		—		(206)		—		—		(276)
Balance, March 31, 2024	$	39,137	$	3,981	$	12,828	$	—	$	19,365	$	75,311

Definite-lived intangible assets, net consisted of the following:

	As of March 31, 2024		As of December 31, 2023
Gross carrying amount	$	36,960	37,147
Less - accumulated amortization	(30,763)		(30,339)
Intangible assets, net	$	6,197	$	6,808

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(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

The table below sets forth amortization expense:

		Three Months Ended March 31,
Asset type	Location	2024	2023
All other intangible assets	Selling, general and administrative expenses	539	302

6. ENERGY ASSETS, NET

Energy assets, net consisted of the following:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Energy assets (1)	$	2,170,223	$	2,054,145
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization	(381,654)		(364,721)
Energy assets, net	$	1,788,569	$	1,689,424
(1) Includes financing lease assets (see Note 7), capitalized interest and asset retirement obligations (“ARO”) assets (see tables below). Also includes the energy asset projects acquired in January 2024. See section below for additional information.

August 2023 Purchase and Sale Agreement

On August 4, 2023, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire an energy asset project and to acquire 100% of the stock of Bright Canyon Energy Corporation (“BCE”) in a two-phased transaction. Phase 1, the purchase of the energy asset project, closed on August 4, 2023 and did not constitute a business in accordance with ASC 805-50, Business Combinations.

The purchase price for phase 1 was $87,964, of which $5,000 was paid in cash, $46,694 was financed through a seller’s note, and we assumed a construction loan on the energy asset project for $36,270. We also acquired cash of $11,206. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we paid $18,400 in principal on the sellers note. In January 2024, the purchase price was increased by $1,147 and we paid off the seller’s note in the amount of $29,441. We also assumed a land lease for the energy asset project.

On December 28, 2023, we executed an amended and restated purchase and sale agreement, which primarily revised the timing of payments on phase 2. In the second phase, which closed on January 12, 2024, we acquired BCE, including its interest in a consolidated joint venture and its interests in project subsidiaries developing or with rights to develop solar, battery, and microgrid assets for an adjusted purchase price of $47,956, of which $9,839 was paid in cash and $32,500 was financed through a seller’s note. The remaining balance due of $5,617 is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities at March 31, 2024. We also assumed four land leases for the energy asset projects.

Phase 2, the purchase of the energy asset projects did not constitute a business in accordance with ASC 805-50, Business Combinations.

See Note 8 for additional information about these loans, Note 7 for information on the leases and Note 10 for potential additional commitments.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

The following table sets forth our depreciation and amortization expense on energy assets, net of deferred grant amortization:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
Location	2024		2023
Cost of revenues (2)	$	17,124	$	13,341
(2) Includes depreciation and amortization on financing lease assets (see Note 7).

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(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

Capitalized Interest

The following table presents the interest costs relating to construction financing during the period of construction, which were capitalized as part of energy assets, net:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Capitalized interest	$	14,872	$	6,376

The following tables sets forth information related to our ARO assets and ARO liabilities:

	Location	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
ARO assets, net	Energy assets, net	$	4,619	$	4,800
ARO liabilities, non-current	Other liabilities	$	5,886	$	5,960

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Depreciation expense of ARO assets	$	44	$	55
Accretion expense of ARO liabilities	$	66	$	66

7. LEASES

The table below sets forth supplemental condensed consolidated balance sheet information related to our leases:

	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease assets	$	69,348		$	58,586
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	$	14,220		$	13,569
Long-term portions of operating lease liabilities	50,710			42,258
Total operating lease liabilities	$	64,930		$	55,827
Weighted-average remaining lease term	19 years			18 years
Weighted-average discount rate	6.6		%	6.6		%
Financing Leases:
Energy assets	$	26,736		$	27,262
Current portions of financing lease liabilities	$	1,027		$	871
Long-term financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	12,871			13,057
Total financing lease liabilities	$	13,898		$	13,928
Weighted-average remaining lease term	13 years			13 years
Weighted-average discount rate	12.05		%	12.05		%

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

The costs related to our leases were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease costs	$	3,056	$	2,120
Financing Leases:
Amortization expense	526		526
Interest on lease liabilities	392		444
Total lease costs	$	3,974	$	3,090

Supplemental cash flow information related to our leases was as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	4,932	$	1,852
Right-of-use assets (“ROU”) obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities (1)	$	12,736	$	1,319
(1) Includes non-monetary lease transactions of $10,378. See disclosure below for additional information.

The table below sets forth our estimated minimum future lease obligations under our leases:

	Operating Leases		Financing Leases
Year ended December 31,
2024	$	12,766	$	2,207
2025	12,403		2,213
2026	7,093		2,054
2027	6,006		1,922
2028	5,061		1,955
Thereafter	61,421		15,935
Total minimum lease payments	104,750		26,286
Less: interest	39,820		12,388
Present value of lease liabilities	$	64,930	$	13,898

We have a future lease commitment for a ground lease which does not yet meet the criteria for recording a ROU asset or ROU liability. The net present value of this commitment totals $10,500 as of March 31, 2024 and relates to lease payments to be made over a 20-year period. We are in process of modifying the terms of this agreement such that the criteria to record a ROU asset and ROU liability may not be met.

Non-monetary Lease Transactions

We have six lease liabilities consisting of obligations that will be settled with non-monetary consideration. The lease liabilities relating to non-monetary consideration were recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2024 based on the fair market value of the project services or back up power expected to be provided, which approximate the cash payments.

Sale-leasebacks

These facilities are accounted for as failed sale leasebacks and are classified as long-term financing facilities.

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(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

August 2018 Master Sale-leaseback

We enter into amendments to our August 2018 master lease and participation agreement from to time to time, which may extend the maturity date, increase the availability, or modify other covenants.

We sold and leased back one energy assets for $4,444 in cash proceeds under this facility during the three months ended March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, we have available funds remaining under this lending commitment.

Net gains from amortization expense recognized in cost of revenues relating to deferred gains and losses in connection with our sale-leaseback agreements were $57 and $57 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

December 2020 Master Sale-leaseback

We enter into amendments to our December 2020 master lease and participation agreement from to time to time, which may extend the maturity date, increase the availability, or modify other covenants. As of March 31, 2024, we were in default under this agreement as we had failed to satisfy the insurance requirements and historical coverage ratio under this agreement. On May 3, 2024, we received a waiver of this default.

8. DEBT AND FINANCING LEASE LIABILITIES

Our debt and financing lease liabilities are comprised of the following:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Senior secured revolving credit facility (1)	$	160,000	$	140,000
Senior secured term loans	108,750		139,900
Energy asset construction facilities (2)	469,904		470,248
Energy asset term loans (2)	632,883		564,530
Sale-leasebacks (3)	185,863		185,698
Financing lease liabilities (4)	13,898		13,928
Total debt and financing lease liabilities	1,571,298		1,514,304
Less: current maturities	539,201		322,247
Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	20,521		21,982
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	$	1,011,576	$	1,170,075
(1) At March 31, 2024, funds of $27,269 were available for borrowing under this facility.
(2) Most of these agreements are now using the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the primary reference rate used to calculate interest.
(3) These facilities are accounted for as failed sale leasebacks and are classified as long-term financing facilities. See Note 7 for additional disclosures.
(4) Financing lease liabilities are sale-leaseback arrangements under previous guidance. See Note 7 for additional disclosures.

Senior Secured Term Loans

On April 10, 2024, we entered into amendment number five to the fifth amended and restated senior secured credit facility to extend the maturity date of the delayed draw term loan A (“DDTLA”) from March 4, 2025 to August 15, 2024. The amendment also included the following modifications:

•principal installments on the DDTLA of $5,000 at closing of the amendment and $7,500 each on or before May 15, 2024, June 15, 2024, and July 15, 2024, with the balance of $7,500 due on August 15, 2024,

•the date by which we shall use commercially reasonable efforts to raise $100,000 in equity or subordinated debt financing was changed from April 15, 2024 to May 15, 2024.

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(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

October 2022, Financing Facility, 6.70%, due August 31, 2039

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we drew down an additional $35,448 and at March 31, 2024, $376,836 was outstanding under this facility, net of unamortized debt discount and issuance costs.

April 2023, Construction Credit Facility, 6.80%, due July 31, 2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we drew down an additional $5,001 and at March 31, 2024, $138,260 was outstanding under this facility, net of unamortized debt discount. At March 31, 2024, there was no availability remaining.

August 2023, Construction Credit Facility, 9.32%, due August 31, 2026

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we drew down an additional $31,204 and at March 31, 2024, $296,931 was outstanding under this facility, net of unamortized debt discount and issuance costs. We were in default on this credit facility due to administrative errors, for which a waiver was received on April 5, 2024.

Debt Instruments - Energy Project Asset Acquisitions

As discussed in Note 6, on August 4, 2023, we acquired an energy asset project. The purchase price for phase 1 was $87,964, of which $5,000 was paid in cash, $46,694 was financed through a seller’s note, and we assumed a construction loan on the energy asset project for $36,270. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we paid $18,400 in principal on the seller’s note. In January 2024, the purchase price was increased by $1,147 and we paid off the seller’s note in the amount of $29,441.

On February 26, 2024, the construction loan in the amount of $36,270 was converted into a term loan and has a maturity date of April 2030. The term loan bears a base SOFR interest rate of 5.33% at March 31, 2024, and an applicable margin of 1.635% per annum for four years after the term conversion date and 1.76% per annum for the following two years. The interest and principal is paid quarterly commencing on March 31, 2024. We failed to achieve the final conditions required to convert the term loan on or prior to March 31, 2024, however, a waiver was obtained on May 1, 2024 and the deadline of achieving the final conditions was extended to May 31, 2024.

In the second phase, which closed on January 12, 2024, we acquired BCE, including its interest in a consolidated joint venture and its interests in project subsidiaries developing or with rights to develop solar, battery, and microgrid assets for an adjusted purchase price of $47,956, of which $9,839 was paid in cash and $32,500 was financed through a seller’s note. The note bears interest at fixed rate of 5.0% per annum and the principal and interest is due on August 2024.

April 2024, Senior Secured Notes, due June 30, 2042

On April 5, 2024, an Omnibus Amendment and Reaffirmation Agreement was executed with reference to the Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement, dated as of July 27, 2021, and two new series B notes (first lien and second lien) were authorized in the amounts of $92,512 and $12,657, with a maturity date of June 30, 2042. Gross proceeds from the initial issuance on April 5, 2024 were $83,282 and $12,292 with the remainder to be issued upon achieving certain permitting-related and other administrative conditions. The notes bear interest at fixed rates of 6.20% and 8.00%, respectively, per annum and the interest is payable quarterly commencing September 30, 2024. At closing, we incurred $1,052 in lenders fees and debt issuance costs. Proceeds from these notes in the amount of $86,462 were used to pay a portion of the August 2023 construction credit facility.

9. INCOME TAXES

We recorded a provision for income taxes of $0 and benefit of $503 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The effective tax rate was 0.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to a benefit of 47.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The principal reasons for the higher effective rate for 2024 is due to the effects of a smaller Section 179D Energy Efficient Building deduction, offset by higher investment tax credits from solar, and storage plants placed into service or are forecasted to be placed into service during 2024, state taxes, and foreign earnings.

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(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

From time to time, we issue letters of credit and performance bonds with our third-party lenders, to provide collateral.

Legal Proceedings

We are involved in a variety of other claims and other legal proceedings generally incidental to our normal business activities. When we conclude that it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated, it is accrued through a charge to earnings and, if material, disclosed below. When only a range of amounts is reasonably estimable and no amount within the range is more likely than another, the low end of the range is recorded. While the ultimate amount of liability incurred in any of these matters is dependent on future developments, in our opinion, the recorded liability is adequate to cover the future payment of such liability and claims. However, the final outcome of any of these claims and legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, and unfavorable or unexpected outcomes could result in additional accruals that could be significant to results of operations in a particular year or quarter. Any adjustments to the recorded liability will be reflected in earnings in the periods in which such adjustments become known. For any other claims where a loss may be reasonably possible, but not probable, or is probable but not reasonably estimable, no accrual is established, but the matter, if potentially material, is disclosed below. We routinely review relevant information with respect to our matters and update our accruals, disclosures and estimates of reasonably possible loss based on such reviews. While the outcome of any of these matters cannot be accurately predicted, we do not believe the ultimate resolution of any of these existing matters would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

In October 2021, we entered into a contract with SCE to design and build three grid scale battery energy storage system (“BESS”) at three sites near existing substation parcels throughout SCE’s service territory in California with an aggregate capacity of 537.5 megawatt (“MW”) (“the SCE Agreement”). As previously disclosed, due to supply chain delays, weather and other events, we were unable to complete the projects by August 1, 2022 (the “Guaranteed Completion Date”) and made related force majeure claims. In late 2022, SCE also instructed us to adjust the completion of the sites into 2023. Under the SCE Agreement, a failure to reach the Guaranteed Completion Date could, under certain circumstances, result in liquidated damages up to a maximum amount of $89 million being applied. We have been working with SCE to analyze the applicability and scope of force majeure relief based on our force majeure claims. In February 2024, in response to us issuing an invoice to SCE for one of the sites, SCE notified us that they intend to withhold liquidated damages for that project. Our view is that liquidated damages should not be applied. It is at least reasonably possible we may incur an obligation to pay liquidated damages up to the maximum amount.

Commitments as a Result of Acquisitions

In December 2021, we completed our acquisition of Plug Smart which provided for an earn-out based on future EBITDA targets beginning with EBITDA performance for the month of December 2021 and each fiscal year thereafter, over a five-year period through December 31, 2026. The maximum cumulative earn-out is $5,000 and we evaluated financial forecasts of the acquired business and concluded that the fair value of this earn-out was approximately $1,465 upon acquisition and as of December 31, 2023. At March 31, 2024, the fair value of the contingent consideration remained consistent at $1,465 and is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 11 for additional information.

The August 4, 2023 purchase and sale agreement with BCE includes a potential earn-out that could be earned if the projects achieve specified value thresholds in certain phase 2 projects, each of which is very early in development, or if milestones are achieved on other future projects that are not yet started. The total earn-out is limited to $40,000 over a seven-year period beginning on January 12, 2024. We shall record a liability for the phase 2 earn-out payments when the amounts are probable and estimable. As of March 31, 2024, none of the earn-out amounts are considered probable and estimable.

11. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

We recognize our financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1: Inputs are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. 

Level 2: Inputs are based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. 

Level 3: Inputs are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The fair values are therefore determined using model-based techniques that include option pricing models, discounted cash flow models, and similar techniques. 

The following table presents the input level used to determine the fair values of our financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

		Fair Value as of
	Level	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets:
Interest rate swap instruments	2	$	5,172	$	3,970
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap instruments	2	$	—	$	629
Make-whole provisions	2	4,755		6,012
Contingent consideration	3	1,465		1,465
Total liabilities		$	6,220	$	8,106

The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liability classified as level 3:

	Fair Value as of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Contingent consideration liability balance at the beginning of period	$	1,465	$	4,158
Changes in fair value included in earnings	—		347
Payment of contingent consideration	—		(3,040)
Contingent consideration liability balance at the end of period	$	1,465	$	1,465

The following table sets forth the fair value and the carrying value of our long-term debt, excluding financing leases:

	As of March 31, 2024				As of December 31, 2023
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Long-term debt (Level 2)	$	1,527,006	$	1,536,879	$	1,466,458	$	1,478,394

The fair value of our long-term debt was estimated using discounted cash flows analysis, based on our current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements which are considered to be level two inputs. There have been no transfers in or out of level two or three financial instruments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023.

We are also required to periodically measure certain other assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, including long-lived assets, goodwill and other intangible assets. We calculated the fair value used in our annual goodwill impairment analysis utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis and determined that the inputs used were level 3 inputs. There were no assets recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

20

AMERESCO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

12. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

The following table presents information about the fair value amounts of our cash flow derivative instruments:  

		Derivatives as of
		March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Fair Value
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other assets	$	1,752	$	1,023
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other assets	$	3,420	$	2,947
Interest rate swap contracts	Other liabilities	$	—	$	629
Make-whole provisions	Other liabilities	$	4,755	$	6,012

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all but 3 of our freestanding derivatives were designated as hedging instruments.

The following table presents information about the effects of our derivative instruments on our condensed consolidated statements of income and condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income:

		Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Net (Loss) Income
	Location of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Net (Loss) Income	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2024		2023
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other expenses, net	$	(276)	$	11
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other expenses, net	$	(1,102)	$	458
Make-whole provisions	Other expenses, net	$	(1,257)	$	(295)

The following table presents the changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”), net of taxes, from our hedging instruments:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Accumulated gain in AOCI at the beginning of the period	$	746
Unrealized gain recognized in AOCI	815
Gain reclassified from AOCI to other expenses, net	(276)
Gain on derivatives	539
Accumulated gain in AOCI at the end of the period	$	1,285

21

AMERESCO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

The following tables present all of our active derivative instruments as of March 31, 2024:

Active Interest Rate Swaps	Expiration Date	Initial Notional Amount ($)		Status
11-Year, 5.77% Fixed	October 2029	$	9,200	Designated
15-Year, 5.24% Fixed	June 2033	$	10,000	Designated
10-Year, 4.74% Fixed	December 2027	$	14,100	Designated
8-Year, 3.49% Fixed	June 2028	$	14,643	Designated
8-Year, 3.49% Fixed	June 2028	$	10,734	Designated
13-Year, 0.72% Fixed	March 2033	$	9,505	Not Designated
13-Year, 0.72% Fixed	March 2033	$	6,968	Not Designated
17.75-Year, 3.16% Fixed	December 2040	$	14,084	Designated
18-Year, 3.81% Fixed	July 2041	$	32,021	Not Designated

Other Derivatives	Classification	Effective Date	Expiration Date	Fair Value ($)
Make-whole provisions	Liability	June/August 2018	December 2038	$	169
Make-whole provisions	Liability	August 2016	April 2031	$	35
Make-whole provisions	Liability	April 2017	February 2034	$	27
Make-whole provisions	Liability	November 2020	December 2027	$	26
Make-whole provisions	Liability	October 2011	May 2028	$	2
Make-whole provisions	Liability	May 2021	April 2045	$	11
Make-whole provisions	Liability	July 2021	March 2046	$	2,085
Make-whole provisions	Liability	June 2022	March 2042	$	797
Make-whole provisions	Liability	March 2023	December 2047	$	1,603

22

AMERESCO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

13. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES AND EQUITY METHOD INVESTMENTS

Variable Interest Entities

The table below presents a summary of amounts related to our consolidated investment funds and joint ventures, which we determined meet the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”), as of:

	March 31, 2024 (1)						December 31, 2023 (1)
	Investment Funds		Other VIEs		Total VIEs		Investment Funds		Other VIEs		Total VIEs
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,556	$	6,529	$	8,085	$	5,099	$	16,780	$	21,879
Accounts receivable, net	—		4,645		4,645		—		1,977		1,977
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	1,169		14,230		15,399		662		13,409		14,071
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	26		3,164		3,190		33		3,749		3,782
Total VIE current assets	2,751		28,568		31,319		5,794		35,915		41,709
Property and equipment, net	—		—		—		—		267		267
Energy assets, net	77,768		79,394		157,162		79,104		173,808		252,912
Operating lease assets	4,708		943		5,651		4,748		12,908		17,656
Restricted cash, non-current portion	73		—		73		73		—		73
Other assets	10		537		547		10		74		84
Total VIE assets	$	85,310	$	109,442	$	194,752	$	89,729	$	222,972	$	312,701
Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities	$	2,180	$	—	$	2,180	$	2,190	$	132,427	$	134,617
Accounts payable	1,406		13,940		15,346		1,440		6,490		7,930
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	223		4,908		5,131		241		22,780		23,021
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	138		95		233		133		6,953		7,086
Total VIE current liabilities	3,947		18,943		22,890		4,004		168,650		172,654
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	16,754		—		16,754		17,167		—		17,167
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	5,036		897		5,933		5,063		3,823		8,886
Other liabilities	301		—		301		356		—		356
Total VIE liabilities	$	26,038	$	19,840	$	45,878	$	26,590	$	172,473	$	199,063
(1) The amounts in the above table are reflected in Note 1 on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

See Note 14 for additional information on the call and put options related to our investment funds.

Non-controlling Interests

Non-controlling interests represents the equity owned by the other joint venture members of consolidated joint ventures. On February 9, 2024, we entered into an equity purchase agreement and sold a 40% interest in a consolidated joint venture for $28,864 in cash.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we acquired the remaining interest in one joint venture when we closed on the phase 2 acquisition of BCE as discussed in Note 6.

Equity and Cost Method Investments

Unconsolidated joint ventures are accounted for under the equity method. For these unconsolidated joint ventures, our investment balances are included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and our pro rata share of net income or loss is included in earnings from unconsolidated entities on the condensed consolidated statements of income.

23

AMERESCO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, one of our equity method investments was sold to another company. We received distributions and net proceeds totaling $12,956 and recognized a gain on the sale in the amount of $89, which is included earnings from unconsolidated entities in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

The following table provides information about our equity and cost method investments in joint ventures:

	As of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Equity and cost method investments	$	10,927	$	18,709

14. REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS

Our subsidiaries with membership interests in the investment funds we formed have the right to elect to require the non-controlling interest holder to sell all of its membership units to our subsidiaries, a call option. Our investment funds also include rights for the non-controlling interest holder to elect to require our subsidiaries to purchase all of the non-controlling membership interests in the fund, a put option.

The call options are exercisable beginning on the date that specified conditions are met for each respective fund. The put options for the investment funds are exercisable beginning on the date that specified conditions are met for each respective fund.

We initially record our redeemable non-controlling interests at fair value on the date of acquisition and subsequently adjust to redemption value. At both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 redeemable non-controlling interests were reported at their carrying values, as the carrying value at each reporting period was greater than the estimated redemption value.

15. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Earnings Per Share

The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)	2024		2023
Numerator:
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(2,937)	$	1,102
Adjustment for accretion of tax equity financing fees	(27)		(27)
(Loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(2,964)	$	1,075
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	52,289		51,963
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options	—		1,298
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	52,289		53,261
Net (loss) income per share attributable to common shareholders:
Basic	$	(0.06)	$	0.02
Diluted	$	(0.06)	$	0.02
Potentially dilutive shares (1)	2,676		1,901
(1) Potentially dilutive shares attributable to stock options were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

24

AMERESCO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

16. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

We recorded stock-based compensation expense, including expense related to our employee stock purchase plan, as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Stock-based compensation expense	$	3,026	$	4,037

Our stock-based compensation expense is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2024, there was $33,866 of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock option awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.

Stock Option and Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) Grants

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we granted 524 common stock options to certain employees under our 2020 Stock Incentive Plan (“2020 Plan”), which have a contractual life of ten years and vest over a five-year period. We also granted awards of 93 RSUs to certain employees and directors under our 2020 Plan. We did not grant awards to individuals who were not either an employee or director of ours during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

17. BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION

Our reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were North America Regions, U.S. Federal, Europe, Alternative Fuels and All Other. On January 1, 2024, we changed the structure of our internal organization, and our U.S. Regions and Canada are now included in North America Regions. Additionally, our Asset Sustainability Group was formerly included in Canada, but is now included in “All Other”. As a result, previously reported amounts have been reclassified for comparative purposes.

Our North America Regions, U.S. Federal and Europe segments offer energy efficiency products and services which include the design, engineering and installation of equipment and other measures to improve the efficiency and control the operation of a facility’s energy infrastructure, renewable energy solutions and services and the development and construction of small-scale plants that Ameresco owns or develops for customers that produce electricity, gas, heat or cooling from renewable sources of energy and O&M services.

Our Alternative Fuels segment sells electricity, thermal, renewable fuel, or biomethane using biogas as a feedstock from small-scale plants that we own and operate, and provides O&M services for customer-owned small-scale plants.

The “All Other” category includes consulting services and the sale of solar PV energy products and systems which we refer to as integrated-PV.

These segments do not include results of other activities, such as corporate operating expenses not specifically allocated to the segments. Certain reportable segments are an aggregation of operating segments.

25

AMERESCO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

The tables below present our business segment information recast for the prior-year period and a reconciliation to the condensed consolidated financial statements:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total Consolidated
Three months ended March 31, 2024
Revenues	$	138,285	$	60,890	$	44,122	$	32,859	$	22,250	$	298,406
Gain on derivatives	(1,256)		(795)		—		(308)		—		(2,359)
Interest expense, net of interest income	1,697		775		918		5,682		—		9,072
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	8,074		2,016		496		7,196		596		18,378
Unallocated corporate activity	—		—		—		—		—		(22,143)
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	5,593		7,357		(592)		1,176		2,431		15,965

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total Consolidated
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Revenues	$	140,542	$	59,556	$	19,096	$	28,339	$	23,509	$	271,042
(Gain) loss on derivatives	(295)		(62)		—		520		—		163
Interest expense, net of interest income	1,585		298		121		2,351		(2)		4,353
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	6,453		1,225		175		5,868		131		13,852
Unallocated corporate activity	—		—		—		—		—		(18,843)
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	8,250		5,212		123		3,515		2,797		19,897

See Note 3 for additional information about our revenues by product line.

18. OTHER EXPENSES, NET

The following table presents the components of other expenses, net:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
(Gain) loss on derivatives	$	(2,359)	$	163
Interest expense, net of interest income	14,235		7,193
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs	982		790
Foreign currency transaction loss (gain)	1,132		(157)
Government incentives	12		54
Factoring fees	169		—
Other expenses, net	$	14,171	$	8,043

19. ASSETS HELD FOR SALE

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we determined that there were five energy asset projects under construction that were considered to be assets held for sale, since these assets were being marketed for sale and all the criteria to be classified as held for sale under ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment—Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, had been met. The carrying value of these assets was $58,748 and $38,404 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, with liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale of $13,097 and $8,351 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Assets held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying value or the fair value less cost to sell.

26

AMERESCO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands) (Unaudited) (Continued)

The table below reflects the assets and liabilities associated with assets held for sale by segment:

	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Total		North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Total
Other assets	$	19,835	$	36,920	$	56,755	$	18,895	$	18,253	$	37,148
Operating lease assets	1,250		743		1,993		1,256		—		1,256
Assets classified as held for sale	$	21,085	$	37,663	$	58,748	$	20,151	$	18,253	$	38,404
Accounts payable	$	183	$	9,900	$	10,083	$	5,418	$	601	$	6,019
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	4		13		17		14		—		14
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	—		1,015		1,015		—		1,088		1,088
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	1,252		730		1,982		1,230		—		1,230
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale	$	1,439	$	11,658	$	13,097	$	6,662	$	1,689	$	8,351

27

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K (“2023 Form 10-K”) for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed on February 29, 2024 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward looking statements include statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenues, projected costs, prospects, plans, objectives of management, expected market growth and other characterizations of future events or circumstances. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, including statements that refer to our expectations as to the future growth of our business and associated expenses; our expectations as to revenue generation; the future availability of borrowings under our revolving credit facility; the expected future growth of the market for energy efficiency and renewable energy solutions; our backlog, awarded projects and recurring revenue and the timing of such matters; our expectations as to financing and acquisition activity; the impact of any restructuring; the uses of future earnings; our intention to repurchase shares of our Class A common stock; the expected energy and cost savings of our projects; the expected energy production capacity of our renewable energy plants; the impact of supply chain disruptions, shortage and cost of materials and labor, and other macroeconomic and geopolitical challenges; our expectations related to our agreement with SCE including the impact of any delays; the impact of a possible U.S. federal government shutdown and the U.S. Department of Commerce’s solar panel import investigation and other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. Forward looking statements are often, but not exclusively, identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” “target,” “project,” “predict” or “continue,” and similar expressions or variations. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially and adversely from future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Risks, uncertainties, and factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors,” set forth in Part I, Item 1A of our 2023 Form 10-K. Subsequent events and developments may cause our views to change. However, while we may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we have no current intention of doing so and undertake no obligation to do so except to the extent required by applicable law. You should, therefore, not rely on these forward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Overview

Ameresco is a leading clean technology integrator and renewable energy asset developer, owner, and operator. Our comprehensive portfolio includes energy efficiency, infrastructure upgrades, asset sustainability, and renewable energy supply solutions. We help organizations meet energy savings and energy management challenges with an integrated comprehensive approach to energy efficiency and renewable energy. Leveraging budget neutral solutions, including energy savings performance contracts (“ESPCs”) and power purchase agreements (“PPAs”), we aim to eliminate the financial barriers that traditionally hamper energy efficiency and renewable energy projects.

Drawing from decades of experience, Ameresco develops tailored energy management projects for its customers in the commercial, industrial, local, state, and federal government, K-12 education, higher education, healthcare, public housing sectors, and utilities.

We provide solutions primarily throughout North America and Europe and our revenues are derived principally from energy efficiency projects, which entail the design, engineering, and installation of equipment and other measures that incorporate a range of innovative technology and techniques to improve the efficiency and control the operation of a facility’s energy infrastructure; this can include designing and constructing a central plant or cogeneration system for a customer providing power, heat and/or cooling to a building, or other small-scale plant that produces electricity, gas, heat or cooling from renewable sources of energy. We also derive revenue from long-term O&M contracts, energy supply contracts for renewable energy operating assets that we own, integrated-PV, and consulting and enterprise energy management services.

In addition to organic growth, strategic acquisitions of complementary businesses and assets have been an important part of our growth enabling us to broaden our service offerings and expand our geographical reach.

28

Key Factors and Trends

The Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”)

The IRA was signed into law on August 16, 2022. The bill invests nearly $369 billion in energy and climate policies. The provisions of the IRA are intended to, among other things, incentivize domestic clean energy investment, manufacturing, and deployment. The IRA incentivizes the deployment of clean energy technologies by extending and expanding federal incentives such as the ITC and the Production Tax Credit (“PTC”). We view the enactment of the IRA as favorable for the overall business climate for the renewable energy industry. However, there is uncertainty related to the applicability of the IRA to our current and planned projects and the scope of the IRA and its interpretations may change if there is a change in the U.S. administration or if government agencies’ authority to interpret federal law is restricted as a result of the Supreme Court’s review of the Chevron doctrine under which federal government agencies have been awarded broad authority to interpret broad or ambiguous legislation. We may also continue to experience a delay in our sales cycles and new award activity as our customers consider the applicability of the IRA and as financing projects may take longer as result of this uncertainty. The IRA may increase the competition in our industry and as such increase the demand and cost for labor, equipment and commodities needed for our projects.

Supply Chain Disruptions and Other Global Factors

We continue to monitor the impact of global economic conditions on our operations, financial results, and liquidity, including the result of supply chain challenges, war in Ukraine and the Middle East, evolving relations between the U.S. and China, and other geopolitical tensions. The impact to our future operations and results of operations as a result of these global trends remains uncertain and the challenges we face, including increases in costs for logistics and supply chains, intermittent supplier delays, and shortages of certain components needed for our business, such as lithium-ion battery cells, semiconductors, and other components required for our clean energy solutions may continue or become more pronounced.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we were impacted by supply chain disruptions and varying levels of inflation, as a result macroeconomic conditions. These conditions caused delays in the timely delivery of material to customer sites, delays and disruptions in the completion of certain projects, increased shipping and transportation costs, and increased component and labor costs. This negatively impacted our results of operations during the three months ended March 31, 2024. We expect the trends of supply chain challenges to continue. We continue to monitor macroeconomic conditions to remain flexible and to optimize and evolve our business as appropriate to address the challenges presented from these conditions.

In August 2023, the U.S. Department of Commerce issued a final ruling in the Auxin Solar trade case related to solar tariff imports that will lead to higher tariffs on certain imported solar products from Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia beginning in June 2024. Similarly, other tariff cases, changes in trade regulations, and the enforcement of the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act could disrupt the solar panel supply chain and increase the cost for solar cells, panels, and transport costs. This could ultimately impact the demand for clean energy solutions and increase our costs. We are closely monitoring the investigation and any regulations issued in connection with it.

Climate Change and Effects of Seasonality

The global emphasis on climate change and reducing carbon emissions has created opportunities for our industry. Sustainability has been at the forefront of our business since its inception, and we are committed to staying at the leading edge of innovation taking place in the energy sector. We believe the next decade will be marked by dramatic changes in the power infrastructure with resources shifting to more distributed assets, storage, and microgrids to increase overall reliability and resiliency. The sustainability efforts are impacted by regulations, and changes in the regulatory climate may impact the demand for our products and offerings. See “Our business depends in part on federal, state, provincial and local government support or the imposition of additional taxes, tariffs, duties, or other assessments on renewable energy or the equipment necessary to generate or deliver it, for energy efficiency and renewable energy, and a decline in such support could harm our business” and “Compliance with environmental laws could adversely affect our operating results” in Item 1A, Risk Factors in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Climate change also brings risks, as the impacts have caused us to experience more frequent and severe weather interferences, and this trend is expected to continue. We are subject to seasonal fluctuations and construction cycles, particularly in climates that experience colder weather during the winter months, such as the northern United States and Canada, and climates that experience extreme weather events, such as wildfires, storms or flooding, hurricanes, or at educational institutions, where large projects are typically carried out during summer months when their facilities are unoccupied. In addition, government customers, many of which have fiscal years that do not coincide with ours, typically follow annual procurement cycles and appropriate funds on a fiscal-year basis even though contract performance may take more than one year. Further, government contracting cycles can be affected by the timing of, and delays in, the legislative process related to government programs and incentives that help drive demand for energy efficiency and renewable energy projects. As a result, our revenues and operating income in the third and

29

fourth quarter are typically higher, and our revenues and operating income in the first quarter are typically lower, than in other quarters of the year, however, this may become harder to predict with the potential effects of climate change. As a result of such fluctuations, we may occasionally experience declines in revenues or earnings as compared to the immediately preceding quarter, and comparisons of our operating results on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful.

Our annual and quarterly financial results are also subject to significant fluctuations as a result of other factors, many of which are outside our control. See “Our business is affected by seasonal trends and construction cycles, and these trends and cycles could have an adverse effect on our operating results” and “Extreme weather events and other natural disasters, particularly those exacerbated by climate change, could materially affect our ability to complete our projects and develop our assets” in Item 1A, Risk Factors in our 2023 Form 10-K.

The Southern California Edison (“SCE”) Agreement

In October 2021, we entered into a contract with SCE to design and build three grid scale battery energy storage system (“BESS”) at three sites near existing substation parcels throughout SCE’s service territory in California with an aggregate capacity of 537.5 megawatt (“MW”) (“the SCE Agreement”). The engineering, procurement and construction price is approximately $892.0 million, in the aggregate, including two years of O&M revenues, subject to customary potential adjustments for changes in the work. As previously disclosed, due to supply chain delays, weather and other events, we were unable to complete the projects by August 1, 2022 (the “Guaranteed Completion Date”) and made related force majeure claims. In late 2022, SCE also instructed us to adjust the completion of the sites into 2023. Under the SCE Agreement, a failure to reach the Guaranteed Completion Date could, under certain circumstances, result in liquidated damages up to a maximum amount of $89 million being applied. We have been working with SCE to analyze the applicability and scope of force majeure relief based on our force majeure claims. In February 2024, in response to us issuing an invoice to SCE for one of the sites, SCE notified us that they intend to withhold liquidated damages for that project. Our view is that liquidated damages should not be applied. If we fail to come to an agreement with SCE about the applicability and scope of force majeure relief and liquidated damages, we may be required to pay liquidated damages up to an aggregate maximum of $89 million and may not be able to recover costs associated with the force majeure events.

We have completed performance testing and are working closely with SCE on the final checklist for substantial completion for two of the three projects. Commissioning activities have begun on the third project, which was significantly impacted by the heavy rainfall in California in 2023. This last site is expected to reach substantial completion in the summer of 2024.

A majority of our revenues under this contract were recognized in 2022 based upon costs incurred in 2022 relative to total expected costs on this project.

Stock-based Compensation

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we granted 524,003 common stock options and 93,050 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to certain employees and directors under our 2020 Plan. Our unrecognized stock-based compensation expense was $33.9 million at March 31, 2024 compared to $30.1 million at December 31, 2023 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of two years. See Note 16 “Stock-based Compensation” for additional information.

Backlog and Awarded Projects

Backlog is an important metric for us because we believe strong order backlogs indicate growing demand and a healthy business over the medium to long term, conversely, a declining backlog could imply lower demand.

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The following table presents our backlog:

	As of March 31,
(In Thousands)	2024		2023
Project Backlog
Fully-contracted backlog	$	1,459,600	$	1,007,620
Awarded, not yet signed customer contracts	2,560,462		1,963,760
Total project backlog	$	4,020,062	$	2,971,380
12-month project backlog	$	774,931	$	638,550
O&M Backlog
Fully-contracted backlog	$	1,198,992	$	1,214,840
12-month O&M backlog	$	87,890	$	86,020

Total project backlog represents energy efficiency projects that are active within our sales cycle. Our sales cycle begins with the initial contact with the customer and ends, when successful, with a signed contract, also referred to as fully-contracted backlog. Our sales cycle averages 18 to 42 months. Awarded backlog is created when a potential customer awards a project to Ameresco following a request for proposal. Once a project is awarded but not yet contracted, we typically conduct a detailed energy audit to determine the scope of the project as well as identify the savings that may be expected to be generated from upgrading the customer’s energy infrastructure. At this point, we also determine the subcontractors, what equipment will be used, and assist in arranging for third party financing, as applicable. It takes an average of 12 to 24 months to convert our awarded backlog to fully-contracted backlog. It may take longer, as it depends on the size and complexity of the project. Historically, approximately 90% of our awarded backlog projects have resulted in a signed contract. After the customer and Ameresco agree to the terms of the contract and the contract is executed, the project moves to fully-contracted backlog. The contracts reflected in our fully-contracted backlog typically have a construction period of 12 to 36 months and we typically expect to recognize revenue for such contracts over the same period.

Our O&M backlog represents expected future revenues under signed, multi-year customer contracts for the delivery of O&M services, primarily for energy efficiency and renewable energy construction projects completed by us for our customers.

We define our 12-month backlog as the estimated amount of revenues that we expect to recognize in the next twelve months from our fully-contracted backlog. See “We may not recognize all revenues from our backlog or receive all payments anticipated under awarded projects and customer contracts” and “In order to secure contracts for new projects, we typically face a long and variable selling cycle that requires significant resource commitments and requires a long lead time before we realize revenues” in Item 1A, Risk Factors in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Assets in Development

Assets in development, which represents the potential design/build project value of renewable energy plants that have been awarded or for which we have secured development rights, were estimated at $2.6 billion and $1.4 billion, net of amount attributable to a non-controlling interest at March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. This is another important metric because it helps us gauge our future capital expenditure needs and develop-and-sell opportunities as well as our capacity to generate electricity or deliver renewable gas fuel which contributes to our recurring revenue stream.

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Results of Operations

All financial result comparisons made below are against the same prior year period unless otherwise noted.

The following tables set forth certain financial data from the condensed consolidated statements of income for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023				Year-Over-Year Change
(In Thousands)	Amount		% of Revenues		Amount		% of Revenues		Dollar Change		% Change
Revenues	$	298,406	100.0	%	$	271,042	100.0	%	$	27,364	10.1	%
Cost of revenues	251,413		84.3	%	221,094		81.6	%	30,319		13.7	%
Gross profit	46,993		15.7	%	49,948		18.4	%	(2,955)		(5.9)	%
Earnings from unconsolidated entities	555		0.2	%	450		0.2	%	105		23.3	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses	39,555		13.3	%	41,301		15.2	%	(1,746)		(4.2)	%
Operating income	7,993		2.7	%	9,097		3.4	%	(1,104)		(12.1)	%
Other expenses, net	14,171		4.7	%	8,043		3.0	%	6,128		76.2	%
(Loss) income before income taxes	(6,178)		(2.1)	%	1,054		0.4	%	(7,232)		(686.1)	%
Income tax provision (benefit)	—		—	%	(503)		(0.2)	%	(503)		(100.0)	%
Net (loss) income	(6,178)		(2.1)	%	1,557		0.6	%	$	(7,735)	(496.8)	%
Net loss (income) attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests	3,241		1.1	%	(455)		(0.2)	%	$	(3,696)	(812.3)	%
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(2,937)	(1.0)	%	$	1,102	0.4	%	$	(4,039)	(366.5)	%

Our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are due to the following:

•Revenues: total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased over 2023 primarily due to a $21.1 million, or 11%, increase in our project revenues attributed to the timing of revenue recognized based upon costs incurred to date relative to total expected costs on active projects.

•Cost of Revenues and Gross Profit: the increase in cost of revenues is primarily due to the increase in project revenues described above and higher depreciation expenses from the continued growth in our operating assets portfolio. Gross profit decreased due to lower revenue contribution from our SCE battery storage project and gross profit as a percent of revenues decreased due to a higher mix of lower margin projects.

•Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (“SG&A”): SG&A expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased over 2023 primarily due to lower salaries and related benefits as a result of a decrease in non-cash stock-based compensation expense, project development costs, and professional fees.

•Other Expenses, Net: Other expenses, net for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased over 2023 primarily due to higher interest expenses, net of $7.0 million related to an increase in the amount of energy asset financings outstanding and higher interest rates, foreign currency transaction losses of $1.1 million compared to a gain of $0.2 million in the prior year quarter, partially offset by gains from derivatives transactions of $2.4 million versus a loss of $0.2 million.

•Income Tax Benefit: : the provision for income taxes is based on various rates set by federal, state, provincial and local authorities and is affected by permanent and temporary differences between financial accounting and tax reporting requirements. We expect the effective tax rate will be higher in 2024 as compared to 2023 primarily due to the effects of a smaller Section 179D Energy Efficient Building deduction, partially offset by higher investment tax credits from solar, and storage plants placed into service or are forecasted to be placed into service during 2024, state taxes, and foreign earnings.

•Net (Loss) Income and (Loss) Earnings Per Share: Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders decreased due to the reasons described above. Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was a loss of $(0.06), a decrease of $0.08 per share compared to the same period of 2023.

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Business Segment Analysis

Our reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were North America Regions, U.S. Federal, Europe, Alternative Fuels and All Other. On January 1, 2024, we changed the structure of our internal organization, and our U.S. Regions and Canada are now included in North America Regions. Additionally, our Asset Sustainability Group was formerly included in Canada, but is now included in “All Other”. As a result, previously reported amounts have been reclassified for comparative purposes. These segments do not include results of other activities, such as corporate operating expenses not specifically allocated to the segments. See Note 17 “Business Segment Information” for additional information about our segments.

All financial result comparisons made below relate to the three-month period and are against the same prior year period unless otherwise noted.

Revenues

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(In Thousands)	2024		2023		Dollar Change		% Change
North America Regions	$	138,285	$	140,542	$	(2,257)	(1.6)	%
U.S. Federal	60,890		59,556		1,334		2.2
Europe	44,122		19,096		25,026		131.1
Alternative Fuels	32,859		28,339		4,520		15.9
All Other	22,250		23,509		(1,259)		(5.4)
Total revenues	$	298,406	$	271,042	$	27,364	10.1	%

•North America Regions: revenues decreased primarily due to lower project revenues of $3.0 million resulting from the timing of revenue recognized based upon costs incurred to date relative to total expected costs on active projects, including lower revenue contribution from our SCE battery storage projects.

•U.S. Federal: the increase in revenue versus the prior year is primarily due to higher O&M revenue attributed to the timing of activity on certain long-term contracts and higher energy asset revenue partially offset by lower project revenues. Project revenues decreased year-over-year resulting from the timing of revenue recognized based upon costs incurred to date relative to total expected costs on active projects.

•Europe: revenues increased primarily due to higher project revenues resulting from the timing of revenue recognized based upon costs incurred to date relative to total expected costs on active projects compared to the prior period including revenues related to the addition of our Enerqos acquisition in Italy.

•Alternative Fuels: the increase is primarily due to increase in energy asset revenues resulting from the continued growth of our operating portfolio, increased production levels and stronger pricing on renewable identification numbers (“RIN’s”) generated from our renewable natural gas facilities, and higher project revenues.

•All Other: All other revenues decreased year-over-year primarily due to lower project and integrated-PV revenues partially offset by increased consulting revenue.

(Loss) Income before Taxes and Unallocated Corporate Activity

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(In Thousands)	2024		2023		Dollar Change		% Change
North America Regions	$	5,593	$	8,250	$	(2,657)	(32.2)	%
U.S. Federal	7,357		5,212		2,145		41.2
Europe	(592)		123		(715)		(581.3)
Alternative Fuels	1,176		3,515		(2,339)		(66.5)
All Other	2,431		2,797		(366)		(13.1)
Unallocated corporate activity	(22,143)		(18,843)		(3,300)		(17.5)
(Loss) Income before taxes	$	(6,178)	$	1,054	$	(7,232)	(686.1)	%

•North America Regions: the decrease is primarily due to the lower revenues and gross profit as a percent of revenues described above, partially offset by lower SG&A expenses and other expenses, net.

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•U.S. Federal: the increase is primarily due to the higher revenues described above and higher gross profit as a percent of revenues partially offset by increased SG&A expenses.

•Europe: the decrease is primarily due to the higher SG&A expenses and other expenses, net partially offset by higher revenues described above.

•Alternative Fuels: the decrease is primarily due to higher interest expenses.

•All Other: the decrease is primarily due to lower revenues described above, partially offset by lower SG&A expenses.

•Unallocated corporate activity includes all corporate level selling, general and administrative expenses and other expenses not allocated to the segments. We do not allocate any indirect expenses to the segments. Corporate activity increased primarily due to higher interest expenses, net and foreign currency transaction losses partially offset by lower salaries and related benefits.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Since inception, we have funded operations primarily through cash flow from operations, advances from Federal ESPC projects, our senior secured credit facility, and various forms of other debt and equity offerings. See Note 8 “Debt and Financing Lease Liabilities” for additional information.

Working capital requirements can be susceptible to fluctuations during the year due to timing differences between costs incurred, the timing of milestone-based customer invoices and actual cash collections. Working capital may also be affected by seasonality, growth rate of revenue, long lead-time equipment purchase patterns, advances from Federal ESPC projects, and payment terms for payables relative to customer receivables.

We expect to incur additional expenditures in connection with the following activities:

•equity investments, project asset acquisitions and business acquisitions that we may fund from time to time

•capital investment in current and future energy assets

•material, equipment, and other expenditures for large projects

We regularly monitor and assess our ability to meet funding requirements. We believe that cash and cash equivalents, working capital and availability under our revolving senior secured credit facility, combined with our right (subject to lender consent) to increase our revolving credit facility by $100.0 million, plus asset sales, tax equity transfers, and our general access to credit and equity markets, will be sufficient to fund our operations through at least May 2025 and thereafter.

We continue to evaluate and take action, as necessary, to preserve adequate liquidity and ensure that our business can continue to operate and that we can meet our capital and debt service requirements. This may include limiting discretionary spending across the organization and re-prioritizing our capital projects amid times of political unrest, the duration of supply challenges, the rate and duration of the inflationary pressures, and other events affecting our liquidity. For example, recent increases in inflation and interest rates have impacted overall market returns on assets. We have therefore been particularly prudent in our capital commitments over the past few quarters, ensuring that our assets in development continue to align with our hurdle rates.

August 2023 Purchase and Sale Agreement

On August 4, 2023, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire an energy asset project and to acquire 100% of the stock of Bright Canyon Energy Corporation (“BCE”) in a two-phased transaction. Phase 1, the purchase of the energy asset project, closed on August 4, 2023 and did not constitute a business in accordance with ASC 805-50, Business Combinations.

The purchase price for phase 1 was $88.0 million, of which $5.0 million was paid in cash, $46.7 million was financed through a seller’s note, and we assumed a construction loan on the energy asset project for $36.3 million. We also acquired $11.2 million cash. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we paid $18.4 million in principal on the seller’s note. In January 2024, the purchase price was increased by $1.1 million, and we paid off the seller’s note in the amount of $29.4 million. We agreed to sell back to the seller investment tax credits for the project acquired as part of this transaction for the fair market value of these credits in early in 2024 and received $21.0 million in cash during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

In the second phase, which closed on January 12, 2024, we acquired BCE, including its interest in a consolidated joint venture and its interests in project subsidiaries developing or with rights to develop solar, battery, and microgrid assets for an adjusted purchase price of $48.0 million, of which $9.8 million was paid in cash, and $32.5 million was financed through a seller’s note.

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The remaining balance due of $5.6 million is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities at March 31, 2024. We also assumed four land leases for the energy asset projects.

Senior Secured Term Loans

On April 10, 2024, we entered into amendment number five to the fifth amended and restated senior secured credit facility to extend the maturity date of the delayed draw term loan A (“DDTLA”) from March 4, 2025 to August 15, 2024. The amendment also included the following modifications:

•principal installments on the DDTLA of $5 million when we entered into the amendment and $8 million each on or before May 15, 2024, June 15, 2024, and July 15, 2024, with the balance of $7,500 due on August 15, 2024,

•the date by which we shall use commercially reasonable efforts to raise $100 million in equity or subordinated debt financing was changed from April 15, 2024 to May 15, 2024.

As of March 31, 2024, the balance on the senior secured term loans was $108.8 million, the balance on the senior secured revolving credit facility was $160.0 million, and we had funds available of $27.3 million.

Energy Asset Financing

Energy Asset Construction Facilities, Financing Facilities, and Term Loans

We have entered into a number of construction and term loan agreements for the purpose of constructing and owning certain renewable energy plants. The physical assets and the operating agreements related to the renewable energy plants are generally owned by wholly owned, single member “special purpose” subsidiaries of Ameresco. These construction and term loans are structured as project financings made directly to a subsidiary, and upon commercial operation and achieving certain milestones in the credit agreement, the related construction loan converts into a term loan. While we are required under generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) to reflect these loans as liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets, they are generally non-recourse and not direct obligations of Ameresco, Inc., except to the extent of completion guarantees and EPC contracts and certain equity contribution obligations under our August 2023 Construction Credit Facility as described in more detail below.

Our project financing facilities contain various financial and other covenant requirements which include debt service coverage ratios and total funded debt to EBITDA, as defined in the facilities. Any failure to comply with the financial or other covenants of our project financings would result in inability to distribute funds from the wholly-owned subsidiary to Ameresco, Inc. or constitute an event of default in which the lenders may have the ability to accelerate the amounts outstanding, including all accrued interest and unpaid fees.

Material energy asset construction and term loan financings during the quarter ended March 31, 2024 were as follows:

•October 2022, Financing Facility, 8.51% - we drew down an additional $35.4 million

•August 2023, Construction Credit Facility, 9.32% - we drew down an additional $31.2 million

Net proceeds from energy asset construction facilities and term loans during the three months ended March 31, 2024 totaled $80.7 million.

Sale-leasebacks and Financing Leases

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we sold and leased back one energy assets for $4.4 million in cash proceeds under our master sale-leaseback agreements.

Federal ESPC Liabilities

We have arrangements with certain third-parties to provide advances to us during the construction or installation of projects for certain customers, typically federal governmental entities, in exchange for our assignment to the lenders of our rights to the long-term receivables arising from the ESPCs related to such projects. These financings totaled $504.7 million as of March 31, 2024. Under the terms of these financing arrangements, we are required to complete the construction or installation of the project in accordance with the contract with our customer, and the liability remains on our condensed consolidated balance sheets until the completed project is accepted by the customer.

We are the primary obligor for financing received, but only until final acceptance of the work by the customer. At this point recourse to us ceases and the ESPC receivables are transferred to the investor. The transfers of receivables under these agreements do not qualify for sales accounting until final customer acceptance of the work, so the advances from the investors are not classified as operating cash flows. Cash draws that we received under these ESPC agreements were $19.6 million during the three

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months ended March 31, 2024, and are recorded as financing cash inflows. The use of the cash received under these arrangements is to pay project costs classified as operating cash flows and totaled $26.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. Due to the manner in which the ESPC contracts with the third-party investors are structured, our reported operating cash flows are materially impacted by the fact that operating cash flows only reflect the ESPC contract expenditure outflows and do not reflect any inflows from the corresponding contract revenues. Upon acceptance of the project by the federal customer the ESPC receivable and corresponding ESPC liability are removed from our condensed consolidated balance sheets as a non-cash settlement.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(In Thousands)	2024		2023		$ Change
Cash flows from operating activities	$	20,817	$	58,772	$	(37,955)
Cash flows from investing activities	(103,770)		(101,253)		(2,517)
Cash flows from financing activities	77,374		106,128		(28,754)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(126)		42		(168)
Total net cash flows	$	(5,705)	$	63,689	$	(69,394)

Our service offering also includes the development, construction, and operation of small-scale renewable energy plants. Small-scale renewable energy projects, or energy assets, can either be developed for the portfolio of assets that we own and operate or designed and built for customers. Expenditures related to projects that we own are recorded as cash outflows from investing activities. Expenditures related to projects that we build for customers are recorded as cash outflows from operating activities as cost of revenues.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Our cash flows from operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased over the same period last year primarily due to an increase of $93.6 million in unbilled revenue (costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings) due to the timing of when certain projects are invoiced, including our SCE battery storage project and a $53.1 million increase in accounts receivable, which were partially offset by increases of $106.1 million in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities when compared to the prior year period.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 we made capital investments of $105.6 million in new energy assets and $5.4 million in major maintenance of energy assets compared to $89.8 million and $0.6 million, respectively, in 2023.

We currently plan to invest approximately $235 million to $285 million in additional capital expenditures during the remainder of 2024, principally for the construction or acquisition of new renewable energy plants, the majority of which we expect to fund with project finance debt.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Our primary sources of financing for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were net proceeds from long-term debt of $88.7 million, contributions from a non-controlling interest of $28.9 million, net proceeds received from Federal ESPC projects and energy asset receivable financing arrangements of $24.3 million, net proceeds from our senior secured credit facility of $20.1 million partially offset by payments on long-term debt of $55.2 million and the seller’s note for the BCE phase 1 acquisition of $29.4 million.

We currently plan additional project financings of approximately $220 million to $270 million during the remainder of 2024 to fund the construction or the acquisition of new renewable energy plants as discussed above.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP involves us making estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, net sales and expenses, and related disclosures in the accompanying notes at the date of our financial statements. We base our estimates on historical experience, industry and market

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trends, and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. However, by their nature, estimates are subject to various assumptions and uncertainties, and changes in circumstances could cause actual results to differ from these estimates, sometimes materially.

Income Taxes

We have reviewed all tax positions taken as of March 31, 2024 and there were no additional uncertain tax positions taken during the three months ended March 31, 2024. We believe our current tax reserves are adequate to cover all known tax uncertainties.

Other than as noted above, there have been no material changes in our critical accounting estimates from those disclosed in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of our 2023 Form 10-K. In addition, refer to Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for updates to critical accounting policies.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

As of March 31, 2024, there have been no significant changes in market risk exposures that materially affected the quantitative and qualitative disclosures as described in Item 7A to our 2023 Form 10-K.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, or the evaluation date. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Our management, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the evaluation date, concluded that as of the evaluation date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

In the ordinary conduct of our business, we are subject to periodic lawsuits, investigations, and claims. Although we cannot predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of such lawsuits, investigations and claims against us, we do not believe that any currently pending or threatened legal proceedings to which we are a party will have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

For additional information about certain proceedings, please refer to Note 10, Commitments and Contingencies, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated into this item by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our business is subject to numerous risks, a number of which are described below and under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our 2023 Form 10-K.

You should carefully consider these risks together with the other information set forth in this report, which could materially affect our business, financial condition and future results. The risks described in Part I, Item 1A of our 2023 Form 10-K are not the only risks we face. Risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity and Use of Proceeds

Stock Repurchase Program

We did not repurchase any shares of our common stock under our stock repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors on April 27, 2016 (the “Repurchase Program”) during the three months ended March 31, 2024. Under the Repurchase Program, we are authorized to repurchase up to $17.6 million of our Class A common stock. As of March 31, 2024, there were shares having a dollar value of approximately $5.9 million that may yet be purchased under the Repurchase Program.

Item 5. Other Information

During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, none of our directors or officers adopted, modified, or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as those terms are defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Index

Exhibit Number	Description
10.1	Amendment No. 5 to Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of April 10, 2024 among Ameresco, Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, the lenders (as defined therein), and Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on April 10, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference.
31.1*	Principal Executive Officer Certification required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*	Principal Financial Officer Certification required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**	Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101*	The following condensed consolidated financial statements from Ameresco, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests and Stockholders’ Equity, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104*	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
	*Filed herewith.
	**Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

		AMERESCO, INC.
Date:	May 7, 2024	By:	/s/ Spencer Doran Hole
			Spencer Doran Hole
			Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (duly authorized and principal financial officer)

40

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER CERTIFICATION

I, George P. Sakellaris, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ameresco, Inc. (the “Registrant”);
2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.	The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:
	(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
	(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
	(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
	(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.	The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
	(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
	(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 7, 2024	/s/ George P. Sakellaris
	George P. Sakellaris
	President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER CERTIFICATION

I, Spencer Doran Hole, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ameresco, Inc. (the “Registrant”);
2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.	The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:
	(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
	(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
	(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
	(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.	The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
	(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
	(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 7, 2024	/s/ Spencer Doran Hole
	Spencer Doran Hole
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (duly authorized and principal financial officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT

TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ameresco, Inc. (the “Company”) to which this certification is attached and as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), each of the undersigned officers of the Company hereby certifies, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)	The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2)	The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: May 7, 2024		/s/ George P. Sakellaris
		George P. Sakellaris
		President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)
Date: May 7, 2024		/s/ Spencer Doran Hole
		Spencer Doran Hole
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (duly authorized and principal financial officer)

XML

Cover Page - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	May 01, 2024
Entity Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-34811
Entity Registrant Name	Ameresco, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	04-3512838
Entity Address, Address Line One	111 Speen Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 410
Entity Address, City or Town	Framingham
Entity Address, State or Province	MA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	01701
City Area Code	508
Local Phone Number	661-2200
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Trading Symbol	AMRC
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Central Index Key	0001488139
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false
Class A Common Stock
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		34,338,602
Class B Common Stock
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		18,000,000

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	[1]	$ 77,681	$ 79,271
Restricted cash	[1]	57,737	62,311
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $897 and $903, respectively	[1]	146,836	153,362
Accounts receivable retainage, net		32,158	33,826
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	[1]	652,428	636,163
Inventory, net		13,076	13,637
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	[1]	118,813	123,391
Income tax receivable		4,836	5,775
Project development costs, net		22,907	20,735
Total current assets	[1]	1,126,472	1,128,471
Federal ESPC receivable		577,651	609,265
Property and equipment, net	[1]	17,170	17,395
Energy assets, net	[1]	1,788,569	1,689,424
Deferred income tax assets, net		25,677	26,411
Goodwill, net		75,311	75,587
Intangible assets, net		6,197	6,808
Operating lease assets	[1]	69,348	58,586
Restricted cash, non-current portion	[1]	12,553	12,094
Other assets	[1]	104,318	89,735
Total assets	[1]	3,803,266	3,713,776
Current liabilities:
Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net	[1]	539,201	322,247
Accounts payable	[1]	437,240	402,752
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	[1]	109,954	108,831
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	[1]	14,220	13,569
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings		61,267	52,903
Income taxes payable		398	1,169
Total current liabilities	[1]	1,162,280	901,471
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	[1]	1,011,576	1,170,075
Federal ESPC liabilities		504,689	533,054
Deferred income tax liabilities, net		4,584	4,479
Deferred grant income		6,737	6,974
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	[1]	50,710	42,258
Other liabilities	[1]	88,619	82,714
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Redeemable non-controlling interests, net		43,908	46,865
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023		0	0
Additional paid-in capital		327,367	320,892
Retained earnings		592,947	595,911
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net		(3,592)	(3,045)
Treasury stock, at cost, 2,101,795 shares at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023		(11,788)	(11,788)
Stockholders’ equity before non-controlling interest		904,939	901,975
Non-controlling interests		25,224	23,911
Total stockholders’ equity		930,163	925,886
Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interests, and stockholders’ equity		3,803,266	3,713,776
Class A Common Stock
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock		3	3
Class B Common Stock
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock		$ 2	$ 2

[1] Includes restricted assets of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $194,752 and $312,701, respectively. Includes liabilities of consolidated VIEs at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $45,878 and 199,063, respectively. See Note 13.

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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts receivable, allowance for credit loss, current		$ 898	$ 903
Total VIE assets	[1]	$ 3,803,266	$ 3,713,776
Preferred stock, par value (in usd per share)		$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)		5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)		0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)		0	0
Treasury stock (in shares)		2,101,795	2,101,795
Class A Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)		$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)		500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)		36,421,956	36,378,990
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)		34,320,161	34,277,195
Class B Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)		$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)		144,000,000	144,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)		18,000,000	18,000,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)		18,000,000	18,000,000
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Total VIE assets		$ 194,752	$ 312,701
Total VIE liabilities		$ 45,878	$ 199,063

[1] Includes restricted assets of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $194,752 and $312,701, respectively. Includes liabilities of consolidated VIEs at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $45,878 and 199,063, respectively. See Note 13.

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 298,406	$ 271,042
Cost of revenues	251,413	221,094
Gross profit	46,993	49,948
Earnings from unconsolidated entities	555	450
Selling, general and administrative expenses	39,555	41,301
Operating income	7,993	9,097
Other expenses, net	14,171	8,043
(Loss) income before income taxes	(6,178)	1,054
Income tax provision (benefit)	0	(503)
Net (loss) income	(6,178)	1,557
Net loss (income) attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests	3,241	(455)
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$ (2,937)	$ 1,102
Net (loss) income per share attributable to common shareholders:
Basic (in usd per share)	$ (0.06)	$ 0.02
Diluted (in usd per share)	$ (0.06)	$ 0.02
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	52,289	51,963
Diluted (in shares)	52,289	53,261

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net (loss) income	$ (6,178)	$ 1,557
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gain from interest rate hedges, net of tax	539	(868)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(1,162)	282
Total other comprehensive loss	(623)	(586)
Comprehensive (loss) income	(6,801)	971
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests:
Net loss (income)	3,241	(455)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	76	(8)
Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests	3,317	(463)
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$ (3,484)	$ 508

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests and Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Class A Common Stock	Class B Common Stock	Common Stock Class A Common Stock	Common Stock Class B Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Treasury Stock	Non-controlling Interests
Redeemable non-controlling interests, beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 46,623
Redeemable Non-controlling Interests
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interests	(178)
Accretion of tax equity financing fees	27
Investment fund call option exercise	196
Net income (loss)	32
Redeemable non-controlling interests, ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	46,700
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022				33,948,362	18,000,000
Treasury stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022									2,101,795
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	873,031			$ 3	$ 2	$ 306,314	$ 533,549	$ (4,051)	$ (11,788)	$ 49,002
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Exercise of stock options (in shares)				82,000
Exercise of stock options	571					571
Stock-based compensation expense	4,037					4,037
Unrealized gain (loss) from interest rate hedges, net	(868)							(868)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	282							274		8
Accretion of tax equity financing fees	(27)						(27)
Investment fund call option exercise	(196)					(196)
Contributions from non-controlling interests	16,417									16,417
Net income (loss)	1,525						1,102			423
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023				34,030,362	18,000,000
Treasury stock, ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023									2,101,795
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	894,772			$ 3	$ 2	310,726	534,624	(4,645)	$ (11,788)	65,850
Redeemable non-controlling interests, beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	46,865
Redeemable Non-controlling Interests
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interests	(129)
Accretion of tax equity financing fees	27
Net income (loss)	(2,855)
Redeemable non-controlling interests, ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 43,908
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		34,277,195	18,000,000	34,277,195	18,000,000
Treasury stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	2,101,795								2,101,795
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 925,886			$ 3	$ 2	320,892	595,911	(3,045)	$ (11,788)	23,911
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Exercise of stock options (in shares)				31,889
Exercise of stock options	183					183
Stock-based compensation expense	3,026					3,026
Restricted stock units released (in shares)				11,077
Unrealized gain (loss) from interest rate hedges, net	539							539
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(1,162)							(1,086)		(76)
Accretion of tax equity financing fees	(27)						(27)
Contributions from non-controlling interests	28,864					3,040				25,824
Distributions to non-controlling interest	(63)									(63)
Purchase of shares from non-controlling interest	(23,760)					226				(23,986)
Net income (loss)	$ (3,323)						(2,937)			(386)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		34,320,161	18,000,000	34,320,161	18,000,000
Treasury stock, ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	2,101,795								2,101,795
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 930,163			$ 3	$ 2	$ 327,367	$ 592,947	$ (3,592)	$ (11,788)	$ 25,224

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income	$ (6,178)	$ 1,557
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash flows from operating activities:
Depreciation of energy assets, net	17,124	13,341
Depreciation of property and equipment	1,175	644
Increase in contingent consideration	0	121
Accretion of ARO liabilities	66	66
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs	982	790
Amortization of intangible assets	539	302
Provision for bad debts	1	93
Loss on write-off of long-lived assets	0	18
Non-cash project revenue related to in-kind leases	(775)	0
Earnings from unconsolidated entities	(555)	(450)
Net (gain) loss from derivatives	(2,359)	163
Stock-based compensation expense	3,026	4,037
Deferred income taxes, net	687	(7,142)
Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain)	806	(29)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	5,899	58,954
Accounts receivable retainage	1,580	2,439
Federal ESPC receivable	(26,395)	(33,736)
Inventory, net	561	608
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	(7,842)	85,748
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	104	929
Income taxes receivable, net	180	6,380
Project development costs	(1,728)	(1,812)
Other assets	(1,413)	(1,903)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities	23,849	(82,266)
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	9,160	9,398
Other liabilities	2,323	522
Cash flows from operating activities	20,817	58,772
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(962)	(1,657)
Capital investment in energy assets	(105,633)	(89,787)
Capital investment in major maintenance of energy assets	(5,355)	(589)
Net proceeds from equity method investment	12,956	0
Contributions to equity method investments	(4,776)	0
Acquisitions, net of cash received	0	(9,182)
Loans to joint venture investments	0	(38)
Cash flows from investing activities	(103,770)	(101,253)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments of debt discount and debt issuance costs	(590)	(366)
Proceeds from exercises of options and ESPP	183	571
Proceeds from senior secured revolving credit facility, net	20,100	0
Proceeds from long-term debt financings	89,321	58,188
Proceeds from Federal ESPC projects	19,581	42,309
Net proceeds from energy asset receivable financing arrangements	4,748	4,438
Contributions from non-controlling interests	28,864	16,308
Distributions to non-controlling interest	(63)	0
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interests, net	(133)	(161)
Payment on seller's promissory note	(29,441)	0
Payments on long-term debt and financing leases	(55,196)	(15,159)
Cash flows from financing activities	77,374	106,128
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(126)	42
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(5,705)	63,689
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period	153,676	149,888	$ 149,888
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	147,971	213,577	$ 153,676
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	26,911	13,135
Cash paid for income taxes	59	323
Non-cash Federal ESPC settlement	49,926	0
Accrued purchases of energy assets	88,447	97,542
Non-cash contributions from non-controlling interest	0	109
Non-cash financing for energy asset project acquisition	$ 32,500	$ 0

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Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of Ameresco, Inc. (including its subsidiaries, the “Company,” “Ameresco,” “we,” “our,” or “us”) are unaudited, according to certain rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and include, in our opinion, normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) of the results for the periods indicated.

The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of results which may be expected for the full year. The December 31, 2023 consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in our annual report on Form 10-K (“2023 Form 10-K”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 29, 2024.

Reclassification and Rounding

Certain prior period amounts were reclassified to conform to the presentation in the current period. We round amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements to thousands and calculate all percentages and per-share data from the underlying whole-dollar amounts. Thus, certain amounts may not foot, crossfoot, or recalculate based on reported numbers due to rounding.

Significant Risks and Uncertainties

Global factors have continued to result in global supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures.

We have considered the impact of general global economic conditions on the assumptions and estimates used, which may change in response to this evolving situation. Results of future operations and liquidity could be adversely impacted by a number of factors including supply chain disruptions, varying levels of inflation, payments of outstanding receivable amounts beyond normal payment terms, workforce disruptions, and uncertain demand. As of the date of issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements, we cannot reasonably estimate the extent to which macroeconomic conditions may impact our financial condition, liquidity, or results of operations in the foreseeable future. The ultimate impact of the pandemic and general global economic conditions on our business is highly uncertain and will depend on future developments, and such impacts could exist for an extended period of time, even after the pandemic subsides.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Our accounting policies are set forth in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements contained in our 2023 Form 10-K. We have included certain updates to those policies below.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

Changes in the allowance for credit losses are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of period	$	903	$	911
Charges to (recoveries of) costs and expenses, net	1		93
Account write-offs and other	(6)		(33)
Allowance for credit losses, end of period	$	898	$	971

Accounts Receivable Factoring

Ameresco’s wholly-owned subsidiary in Italy entered into factoring agreements to sell certain receivables to unrelated third-party financial institutions on a non-recourse basis. These transactions are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing and result in a reduction in accounts receivable because the agreements transfer effective control over the receivables, and related risk, to the buyers. Our Italian subsidiary does not retain any interest in the underlying accounts

receivable once sold. Trade accounts receivables balances sold are removed from the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and cash received is reflected in operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Factoring fees during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were $169 and $0, respectively, and are included in other expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of income. See Note 18. Other Expenses, Net.

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist primarily of other receivables, deferred project costs, and other short-term prepaid expenditures that will be expensed within one year.

Prepaid expenses and other current assets comprised of the following:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Other receivables	$	44,014	$	74,454
Deferred project costs	65,020		38,240
Prepaid expenses	9,779		10,697
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	118,813	$	123,391

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Business Combinations— Joint Venture Formations

In August 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-05, Business Combinations— Joint Venture Formations (Subtopic 805-60) Recognition and Initial Measurement, which addresses the accounting for contributions made to a joint venture, upon formation, in a joint venture’s separate financial statements. ASU 2023-05 is effective prospectively for all joint venture formations with a formation date on or after January 1, 2025. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated consolidated financial statements.

Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative, which updates the disclosure or presentation requirements for a variety of topics in the codification. ASU 2023-06 is effective from the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, with early adoption prohibited. We will monitor the removal of the requirements from the current regulations and adopt the related amendments, but we do not anticipate this new guidance will have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements as we are currently subject to SEC requirements.

Segment Reporting (Topic 820) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 820) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which improves reportable segment disclosures by requiring enhanced disclosures for significant segment expenses and other segment items. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, to enhance the income tax disclosures, including disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation table and disaggregated information related to income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards, to clarify how to determine if a profits interest or similar award is within the scope of ASC 718 or is not a share-based payment arrangement and is within the scope of other guidance. ASU 2024-01 is effective for fiscal years

beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Codification Improvements—Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02, Codification Improvements—Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements, to remove references to various FASB Concepts Statements based on suggestions received from stakeholders on the Accounting Standards Codification and other incremental improvements to GAAP. ASU 2024-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMER

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Disaggregation of Revenue

Our reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were North America Regions, U.S. Federal, Europe, Alternative Fuels and All Other. On January 1, 2024, we changed the structure of our internal organization, and our U.S. Regions and Canada are now included in North America Regions. Additionally, our Asset Sustainability Group was formerly included in Canada, but is now included in “All Other”. As a result, previously reported amounts have been reclassified for comparative purposes.

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by line of business and reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total
Project revenue	$	116,211	$	43,479	$	41,424	$	3,163	$	7	$	204,284
O&M revenue	6,933		15,278		747		2,377		—		25,335
Energy assets	13,754		1,929		171		27,300		—		43,154
Other	1,387		204		1,780		19		22,243		25,633
Total revenues	$	138,285	$	60,890	$	44,122	$	32,859	$	22,250	$	298,406

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by line of business and reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2023:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total
Project revenue	$	119,231	$	45,549	$	17,200	$	—	$	1,250	$	183,230
O&M revenue	5,539		12,700		333		3,686		—		22,258
Energy assets	14,407		1,076		519		24,653		117		40,772
Other	1,365		231		1,044		—		22,142		24,782
Total revenues	$	140,542	$	59,556	$	19,096	$	28,339	$	23,509	$	271,042

The following table presents information related to our revenue recognized over time:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Percentage of revenue recognized over time	94%	93%

The remainder of our revenue is for products and services transferred at a point in time, at which point revenue is recognized.

We attribute revenues to customers based on the location of the customer. The following table presents information related to our revenues by geographic area:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
United States	$	239,099	$	233,084
Canada	15,180		17,234
Europe	44,127		20,724
Total revenues	$	298,406	$	271,042

Contract Balances

The following tables provide information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Accounts receivable, net	$	146,836	$	153,362
Accounts receivable retainage, net	32,158		33,826
Contract Assets:
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	$	652,428	$	636,163
Contract Liabilities:
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	$	61,267	$	52,903
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings, non-current (1)	19,883		18,688
Total contract liabilities	$	81,150	$	71,591

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accounts receivable, net	$	130,940	$	174,009
Accounts receivable retainage, net	35,625		38,057
Contract Assets:
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	$	497,762	$	576,363
Contract Liabilities:
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	$	39,326	$	34,796
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings, non-current (1)	12,510		7,617
Total contract liabilities	$	51,836	$	42,413
(1) Performance obligations that are expected to be completed beyond the next twelve months and are included in other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The increase in contract assets for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to billings of $210,475 offset by revenue recognized of $203,216. Contract assets are also affected by reclassifications, primarily from contract liabilities as a result of timing of customer payments. The increase in contract liabilities was primarily driven by the receipt of advance payments from customers, and related billings, as well as reclassifications from contract assets as a result of timing of customer payments. The advance payments and reclassifications exceeded the recognition of revenue as performance obligations were satisfied. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized revenue of $60,748 and billed $46,306 to customers that had balances which were included in contract liabilities at December 31, 2023.

The decrease in contract assets for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily due to billings of $286,203 offset by revenue recognized of $190,415. Contract assets also decreased due to reclassifications, primarily from contract liabilities as a result of timing of customer payments. The increase in contract liabilities was primarily driven by the receipt of advance payments from customers, and related billings, as well as reclassifications from contract assets as a result of timing of customer payments. The advance payments and reclassifications exceeded the recognition of revenue as performance obligations were satisfied.. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized revenue of $34,715 and billed $39,082 to customers that had balances which were included in the beginning balance of contract liabilities.

Performance Obligations

Our remaining performance obligations (“backlog”) represent the unrecognized revenue value of our contract commitments. At March 31, 2024, we had contracted backlog of $2,658,592 of which approximately 32% is anticipated to be recognized as revenue in the next twelve months. The remaining performance obligations primarily relate to the energy efficiency and renewable energy construction projects, including long-term operations and maintenance (“O&M”) services related to these projects. The long-term services have varying initial contract terms, up to 25 years.

Project Development Costs

Project development costs of $3,120 and $2,612 were recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of (loss) income on projects that converted to customer contracts during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

No impairment charges in connection with our project development costs were recorded during the three or three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

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Business Acquisitions and Related Transactions

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

We account for acquisitions using the acquisition method in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The purchase price for each acquisition is allocated to the assets based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired, which is calculated using level 3 inputs per the fair value hierarchy as defined in Note 11, is recorded as goodwill. Intangible assets, if identified, are also recorded. See Note 5 for additional information.

Enerqos Energy Solutions S.r.l. (“Enerqos”)

On February 24, 2023, we signed a definitive purchase and sale agreement to acquire Enerqos, a renewable energy and energy efficiency company headquartered in Milan, Italy. The acquisition closed on March 30, 2023 and the total purchase consideration was $13,445, of which $9,535 has been paid. There is no contingent consideration related to this acquisition. Cash acquired was $353, debt assumed was $3,951, and a deferred tax liability, net of $931 was recorded. In accordance with the SEC’s Regulation S-X and GAAP, we evaluated and determined that Enerqos is not deemed to be a significant subsidiary, therefore, we are not presenting the pro-forma effects of this acquisition on our operations.

The estimated goodwill of $6,855 from the Enerqos acquisition consists largely of expected benefits, including the combined entities experience and the acquired workforce. This goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. The estimated fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on management's estimates and assumptions that are preliminary and subject to adjustments. Any measurement period adjustments made within one year from acquisition date, are recorded as adjustments to goodwill. Any adjustments made beyond the measurement period will be included in our condensed consolidated statements of income.

The results of the acquisition since the date of the acquisition have been included in our operations as presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of (loss) income, condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. For the quarter ended March 31, 2024, we recognized $4,178 of revenue and $740 of net loss relating to Enerqos.

A summary of the cumulative consideration paid and allocation of the purchase price for the Enerqos acquisition are presented in the table below:

	Preliminary March 31, 2023		Measurement Period Adjustment		As Adjusted December 31, 2023
Cash	$	9,535	$	—	$	9,535
Long-term debt assumed, net of current portions	3,951		—		3,951
FX adjustment	(41)		—		(41)
Fair value of consideration transferred	$	13,445	$	—	$	13,445
Cash and cash equivalents	$	190	$	—	$	190
Accounts receivable	6,230		—		6,230
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	8,985		—		8,985
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	16,504		—		16,504
Project development costs	5,140		—		5,140
Property and equipment and energy assets	1,234		—		1,234
Intangible assets	4,438		—		4,438
Long-term restricted cash	163		—		163
Accounts payable	(15,480)		—		(15,480)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(4,510)		165		(4,345)
Current portions of long-term debt	(15,165)		—		(15,165)
Deferred income tax liabilities, net	(931)		—		(931)
Other liabilities	(208)		—		(208)
Recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed	$	6,590	$	165	$	6,755
Goodwill	$	6,855	$	(165)	$	6,690

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Due to the change in the structure of our internal organization, a portion of our goodwill was allocated to two new reporting units based on their relative fair values as of January 1, 2024. See Note 3 for additional information about the organizational changes. The changes in the carrying value of goodwill balances by reportable segment were as follows:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		Other		Total
Carrying Value of Goodwill
Balance, December 31, 2023	$	40,681	$	3,981	$	13,034	$	—	$	17,891	$	75,587
Goodwill acquired during the year	—		—		—		—		—		—
Fair value allocation	(1,474)		—		—		—		1,474		—
Currency effects	(70)		—		(206)		—		—		(276)
Balance, March 31, 2024	$	39,137	$	3,981	$	12,828	$	—	$	19,365	$	75,311

Definite-lived intangible assets, net consisted of the following:

	As of March 31, 2024		As of December 31, 2023
Gross carrying amount	$	36,960	37,147
Less - accumulated amortization	(30,763)		(30,339)
Intangible assets, net	$	6,197	$	6,808

The table below sets forth amortization expense:

		Three Months Ended March 31,
Asset type	Location	2024	2023
All other intangible assets	Selling, general and administrative expenses	539	302

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Energy Assets, Net

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

ENERGY ASSETS, NET

ENERGY ASSETS, NET

Energy assets, net consisted of the following:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Energy assets (1)	$	2,170,223	$	2,054,145
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization	(381,654)		(364,721)
Energy assets, net	$	1,788,569	$	1,689,424
(1) Includes financing lease assets (see Note 7), capitalized interest and asset retirement obligations (“ARO”) assets (see tables below). Also includes the energy asset projects acquired in January 2024. See section below for additional information.

August 2023 Purchase and Sale Agreement

On August 4, 2023, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire an energy asset project and to acquire 100% of the stock of Bright Canyon Energy Corporation (“BCE”) in a two-phased transaction. Phase 1, the purchase of the energy asset project, closed on August 4, 2023 and did not constitute a business in accordance with ASC 805-50, Business Combinations.

The purchase price for phase 1 was $87,964, of which $5,000 was paid in cash, $46,694 was financed through a seller’s note, and we assumed a construction loan on the energy asset project for $36,270. We also acquired cash of $11,206. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we paid $18,400 in principal on the sellers note. In January 2024, the purchase price was increased by $1,147 and we paid off the seller’s note in the amount of $29,441. We also assumed a land lease for the energy asset project.

On December 28, 2023, we executed an amended and restated purchase and sale agreement, which primarily revised the timing of payments on phase 2. In the second phase, which closed on January 12, 2024, we acquired BCE, including its interest in a consolidated joint venture and its interests in project subsidiaries developing or with rights to develop solar, battery, and microgrid assets for an adjusted purchase price of $47,956, of which $9,839 was paid in cash and $32,500 was financed through a seller’s note. The remaining balance due of $5,617 is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities at March 31, 2024. We also assumed four land leases for the energy asset projects.

Phase 2, the purchase of the energy asset projects did not constitute a business in accordance with ASC 805-50, Business Combinations.

See Note 8 for additional information about these loans, Note 7 for information on the leases and Note 10 for potential additional commitments.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

The following table sets forth our depreciation and amortization expense on energy assets, net of deferred grant amortization:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
Location	2024		2023
Cost of revenues (2)	$	17,124	$	13,341
(2) Includes depreciation and amortization on financing lease assets (see Note 7).

Capitalized Interest

The following table presents the interest costs relating to construction financing during the period of construction, which were capitalized as part of energy assets, net:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Capitalized interest	$	14,872	$	6,376

The following tables sets forth information related to our ARO assets and ARO liabilities:

	Location	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
ARO assets, net	Energy assets, net	$	4,619	$	4,800
ARO liabilities, non-current	Other liabilities	$	5,886	$	5,960

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Depreciation expense of ARO assets	$	44	$	55
Accretion expense of ARO liabilities	$	66	$	66

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Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

LEASES

LEASES

The table below sets forth supplemental condensed consolidated balance sheet information related to our leases:

	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease assets	$	69,348		$	58,586
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	$	14,220		$	13,569
Long-term portions of operating lease liabilities	50,710			42,258
Total operating lease liabilities	$	64,930		$	55,827
Weighted-average remaining lease term	19 years			18 years
Weighted-average discount rate	6.6		%	6.6		%
Financing Leases:
Energy assets	$	26,736		$	27,262
Current portions of financing lease liabilities	$	1,027		$	871
Long-term financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	12,871			13,057
Total financing lease liabilities	$	13,898		$	13,928
Weighted-average remaining lease term	13 years			13 years
Weighted-average discount rate	12.05		%	12.05		%

The costs related to our leases were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease costs	$	3,056	$	2,120
Financing Leases:
Amortization expense	526		526
Interest on lease liabilities	392		444
Total lease costs	$	3,974	$	3,090

Supplemental cash flow information related to our leases was as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	4,932	$	1,852
Right-of-use assets (“ROU”) obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities (1)	$	12,736	$	1,319
(1) Includes non-monetary lease transactions of $10,378. See disclosure below for additional information.

The table below sets forth our estimated minimum future lease obligations under our leases:

	Operating Leases		Financing Leases
Year ended December 31,
2024	$	12,766	$	2,207
2025	12,403		2,213
2026	7,093		2,054
2027	6,006		1,922
2028	5,061		1,955
Thereafter	61,421		15,935
Total minimum lease payments	104,750		26,286
Less: interest	39,820		12,388
Present value of lease liabilities	$	64,930	$	13,898

We have a future lease commitment for a ground lease which does not yet meet the criteria for recording a ROU asset or ROU liability. The net present value of this commitment totals $10,500 as of March 31, 2024 and relates to lease payments to be made over a 20-year period. We are in process of modifying the terms of this agreement such that the criteria to record a ROU asset and ROU liability may not be met.

Non-monetary Lease Transactions

We have six lease liabilities consisting of obligations that will be settled with non-monetary consideration. The lease liabilities relating to non-monetary consideration were recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2024 based on the fair market value of the project services or back up power expected to be provided, which approximate the cash payments.

Sale-leasebacks

These facilities are accounted for as failed sale leasebacks and are classified as long-term financing facilities.

August 2018 Master Sale-leaseback

We enter into amendments to our August 2018 master lease and participation agreement from to time to time, which may extend the maturity date, increase the availability, or modify other covenants.

We sold and leased back one energy assets for $4,444 in cash proceeds under this facility during the three months ended March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, we have available funds remaining under this lending commitment.

Net gains from amortization expense recognized in cost of revenues relating to deferred gains and losses in connection with our sale-leaseback agreements were $57 and $57 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

December 2020 Master Sale-leaseback

We enter into amendments to our December 2020 master lease and participation agreement from to time to time, which may extend the maturity date, increase the availability, or modify other covenants. As of March 31, 2024, we were in default under this agreement as we had failed to satisfy the insurance requirements and historical coverage ratio under this agreement. On May 3, 2024, we received a waiver of this default.

LEASES

LEASES

The table below sets forth supplemental condensed consolidated balance sheet information related to our leases:

	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease assets	$	69,348		$	58,586
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	$	14,220		$	13,569
Long-term portions of operating lease liabilities	50,710			42,258
Total operating lease liabilities	$	64,930		$	55,827
Weighted-average remaining lease term	19 years			18 years
Weighted-average discount rate	6.6		%	6.6		%
Financing Leases:
Energy assets	$	26,736		$	27,262
Current portions of financing lease liabilities	$	1,027		$	871
Long-term financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	12,871			13,057
Total financing lease liabilities	$	13,898		$	13,928
Weighted-average remaining lease term	13 years			13 years
Weighted-average discount rate	12.05		%	12.05		%

The costs related to our leases were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease costs	$	3,056	$	2,120
Financing Leases:
Amortization expense	526		526
Interest on lease liabilities	392		444
Total lease costs	$	3,974	$	3,090

Supplemental cash flow information related to our leases was as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	4,932	$	1,852
Right-of-use assets (“ROU”) obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities (1)	$	12,736	$	1,319
(1) Includes non-monetary lease transactions of $10,378. See disclosure below for additional information.

The table below sets forth our estimated minimum future lease obligations under our leases:

	Operating Leases		Financing Leases
Year ended December 31,
2024	$	12,766	$	2,207
2025	12,403		2,213
2026	7,093		2,054
2027	6,006		1,922
2028	5,061		1,955
Thereafter	61,421		15,935
Total minimum lease payments	104,750		26,286
Less: interest	39,820		12,388
Present value of lease liabilities	$	64,930	$	13,898

We have a future lease commitment for a ground lease which does not yet meet the criteria for recording a ROU asset or ROU liability. The net present value of this commitment totals $10,500 as of March 31, 2024 and relates to lease payments to be made over a 20-year period. We are in process of modifying the terms of this agreement such that the criteria to record a ROU asset and ROU liability may not be met.

Non-monetary Lease Transactions

We have six lease liabilities consisting of obligations that will be settled with non-monetary consideration. The lease liabilities relating to non-monetary consideration were recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2024 based on the fair market value of the project services or back up power expected to be provided, which approximate the cash payments.

Sale-leasebacks

These facilities are accounted for as failed sale leasebacks and are classified as long-term financing facilities.

August 2018 Master Sale-leaseback

We enter into amendments to our August 2018 master lease and participation agreement from to time to time, which may extend the maturity date, increase the availability, or modify other covenants.

We sold and leased back one energy assets for $4,444 in cash proceeds under this facility during the three months ended March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, we have available funds remaining under this lending commitment.

Net gains from amortization expense recognized in cost of revenues relating to deferred gains and losses in connection with our sale-leaseback agreements were $57 and $57 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

December 2020 Master Sale-leaseback

We enter into amendments to our December 2020 master lease and participation agreement from to time to time, which may extend the maturity date, increase the availability, or modify other covenants. As of March 31, 2024, we were in default under this agreement as we had failed to satisfy the insurance requirements and historical coverage ratio under this agreement. On May 3, 2024, we received a waiver of this default.

LEASES

LEASES

The table below sets forth supplemental condensed consolidated balance sheet information related to our leases:

	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease assets	$	69,348		$	58,586
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	$	14,220		$	13,569
Long-term portions of operating lease liabilities	50,710			42,258
Total operating lease liabilities	$	64,930		$	55,827
Weighted-average remaining lease term	19 years			18 years
Weighted-average discount rate	6.6		%	6.6		%
Financing Leases:
Energy assets	$	26,736		$	27,262
Current portions of financing lease liabilities	$	1,027		$	871
Long-term financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	12,871			13,057
Total financing lease liabilities	$	13,898		$	13,928
Weighted-average remaining lease term	13 years			13 years
Weighted-average discount rate	12.05		%	12.05		%

The costs related to our leases were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease costs	$	3,056	$	2,120
Financing Leases:
Amortization expense	526		526
Interest on lease liabilities	392		444
Total lease costs	$	3,974	$	3,090

Supplemental cash flow information related to our leases was as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	4,932	$	1,852
Right-of-use assets (“ROU”) obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities (1)	$	12,736	$	1,319
(1) Includes non-monetary lease transactions of $10,378. See disclosure below for additional information.

The table below sets forth our estimated minimum future lease obligations under our leases:

	Operating Leases		Financing Leases
Year ended December 31,
2024	$	12,766	$	2,207
2025	12,403		2,213
2026	7,093		2,054
2027	6,006		1,922
2028	5,061		1,955
Thereafter	61,421		15,935
Total minimum lease payments	104,750		26,286
Less: interest	39,820		12,388
Present value of lease liabilities	$	64,930	$	13,898

We have a future lease commitment for a ground lease which does not yet meet the criteria for recording a ROU asset or ROU liability. The net present value of this commitment totals $10,500 as of March 31, 2024 and relates to lease payments to be made over a 20-year period. We are in process of modifying the terms of this agreement such that the criteria to record a ROU asset and ROU liability may not be met.

Non-monetary Lease Transactions

We have six lease liabilities consisting of obligations that will be settled with non-monetary consideration. The lease liabilities relating to non-monetary consideration were recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2024 based on the fair market value of the project services or back up power expected to be provided, which approximate the cash payments.

Sale-leasebacks

These facilities are accounted for as failed sale leasebacks and are classified as long-term financing facilities.

August 2018 Master Sale-leaseback

We enter into amendments to our August 2018 master lease and participation agreement from to time to time, which may extend the maturity date, increase the availability, or modify other covenants.

We sold and leased back one energy assets for $4,444 in cash proceeds under this facility during the three months ended March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, we have available funds remaining under this lending commitment.

Net gains from amortization expense recognized in cost of revenues relating to deferred gains and losses in connection with our sale-leaseback agreements were $57 and $57 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

December 2020 Master Sale-leaseback

We enter into amendments to our December 2020 master lease and participation agreement from to time to time, which may extend the maturity date, increase the availability, or modify other covenants. As of March 31, 2024, we were in default under this agreement as we had failed to satisfy the insurance requirements and historical coverage ratio under this agreement. On May 3, 2024, we received a waiver of this default.

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Debt and Financing Lease Liabilities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

DEBT AND FINANCING LEASE LIABILITIES

DEBT AND FINANCING LEASE LIABILITIES

Our debt and financing lease liabilities are comprised of the following:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Senior secured revolving credit facility (1)	$	160,000	$	140,000
Senior secured term loans	108,750		139,900
Energy asset construction facilities (2)	469,904		470,248
Energy asset term loans (2)	632,883		564,530
Sale-leasebacks (3)	185,863		185,698
Financing lease liabilities (4)	13,898		13,928
Total debt and financing lease liabilities	1,571,298		1,514,304
Less: current maturities	539,201		322,247
Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	20,521		21,982
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	$	1,011,576	$	1,170,075
(1) At March 31, 2024, funds of $27,269 were available for borrowing under this facility.
(2) Most of these agreements are now using the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the primary reference rate used to calculate interest.
(3) These facilities are accounted for as failed sale leasebacks and are classified as long-term financing facilities. See Note 7 for additional disclosures.
(4) Financing lease liabilities are sale-leaseback arrangements under previous guidance. See Note 7 for additional disclosures.

Senior Secured Term Loans

On April 10, 2024, we entered into amendment number five to the fifth amended and restated senior secured credit facility to extend the maturity date of the delayed draw term loan A (“DDTLA”) from March 4, 2025 to August 15, 2024. The amendment also included the following modifications:

•principal installments on the DDTLA of $5,000 at closing of the amendment and $7,500 each on or before May 15, 2024, June 15, 2024, and July 15, 2024, with the balance of $7,500 due on August 15, 2024,

•the date by which we shall use commercially reasonable efforts to raise $100,000 in equity or subordinated debt financing was changed from April 15, 2024 to May 15, 2024.

October 2022, Financing Facility, 6.70%, due August 31, 2039

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we drew down an additional $35,448 and at March 31, 2024, $376,836 was outstanding under this facility, net of unamortized debt discount and issuance costs.

April 2023, Construction Credit Facility, 6.80%, due July 31, 2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we drew down an additional $5,001 and at March 31, 2024, $138,260 was outstanding under this facility, net of unamortized debt discount. At March 31, 2024, there was no availability remaining.

August 2023, Construction Credit Facility, 9.32%, due August 31, 2026

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we drew down an additional $31,204 and at March 31, 2024, $296,931 was outstanding under this facility, net of unamortized debt discount and issuance costs. We were in default on this credit facility due to administrative errors, for which a waiver was received on April 5, 2024.

Debt Instruments - Energy Project Asset Acquisitions

As discussed in Note 6, on August 4, 2023, we acquired an energy asset project. The purchase price for phase 1 was $87,964, of which $5,000 was paid in cash, $46,694 was financed through a seller’s note, and we assumed a construction loan on the energy asset project for $36,270. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we paid $18,400 in principal on the seller’s note. In January 2024, the purchase price was increased by $1,147 and we paid off the seller’s note in the amount of $29,441.

On February 26, 2024, the construction loan in the amount of $36,270 was converted into a term loan and has a maturity date of April 2030. The term loan bears a base SOFR interest rate of 5.33% at March 31, 2024, and an applicable margin of 1.635% per annum for four years after the term conversion date and 1.76% per annum for the following two years. The interest and principal is paid quarterly commencing on March 31, 2024. We failed to achieve the final conditions required to convert the term loan on or prior to March 31, 2024, however, a waiver was obtained on May 1, 2024 and the deadline of achieving the final conditions was extended to May 31, 2024.

In the second phase, which closed on January 12, 2024, we acquired BCE, including its interest in a consolidated joint venture and its interests in project subsidiaries developing or with rights to develop solar, battery, and microgrid assets for an adjusted purchase price of $47,956, of which $9,839 was paid in cash and $32,500 was financed through a seller’s note. The note bears interest at fixed rate of 5.0% per annum and the principal and interest is due on August 2024.

April 2024, Senior Secured Notes, due June 30, 2042

On April 5, 2024, an Omnibus Amendment and Reaffirmation Agreement was executed with reference to the Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement, dated as of July 27, 2021, and two new series B notes (first lien and second lien) were authorized in the amounts of $92,512 and $12,657, with a maturity date of June 30, 2042. Gross proceeds from the initial issuance on April 5, 2024 were $83,282 and $12,292 with the remainder to be issued upon achieving certain permitting-related and other administrative conditions. The notes bear interest at fixed rates of 6.20% and 8.00%, respectively, per annum and the interest is payable quarterly commencing September 30, 2024. At closing, we incurred $1,052 in lenders fees and debt issuance costs. Proceeds from these notes in the amount of $86,462 were used to pay a portion of the August 2023 construction credit facility.

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Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

We recorded a provision for income taxes of $0 and benefit of $503 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The effective tax rate was 0.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to a benefit of 47.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The principal reasons for the higher effective rate for 2024 is due to the effects of a smaller Section 179D Energy Efficient Building deduction, offset by higher investment tax credits from solar, and storage plants placed into service or are forecasted to be placed into service during 2024, state taxes, and foreign earnings.

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Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

From time to time, we issue letters of credit and performance bonds with our third-party lenders, to provide collateral.

Legal Proceedings

We are involved in a variety of other claims and other legal proceedings generally incidental to our normal business activities. When we conclude that it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated, it is accrued through a charge to earnings and, if material, disclosed below. When only a range of amounts is reasonably estimable and no amount within the range is more likely than another, the low end of the range is recorded. While the ultimate amount of liability incurred in any of these matters is dependent on future developments, in our opinion, the recorded liability is adequate to cover the future payment of such liability and claims. However, the final outcome of any of these claims and legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, and unfavorable or unexpected outcomes could result in additional accruals that could be significant to results of operations in a particular year or quarter. Any adjustments to the recorded liability will be reflected in earnings in the periods in which such adjustments become known. For any other claims where a loss may be reasonably possible, but not probable, or is probable but not reasonably estimable, no accrual is established, but the matter, if potentially material, is disclosed below. We routinely review relevant information with respect to our matters and update our accruals, disclosures and estimates of reasonably possible loss based on such reviews. While the outcome of any of these matters cannot be accurately predicted, we do not believe the ultimate resolution of any of these existing matters would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

In October 2021, we entered into a contract with SCE to design and build three grid scale battery energy storage system (“BESS”) at three sites near existing substation parcels throughout SCE’s service territory in California with an aggregate capacity of 537.5 megawatt (“MW”) (“the SCE Agreement”). As previously disclosed, due to supply chain delays, weather and other events, we were unable to complete the projects by August 1, 2022 (the “Guaranteed Completion Date”) and made related force majeure claims. In late 2022, SCE also instructed us to adjust the completion of the sites into 2023. Under the SCE Agreement, a failure to reach the Guaranteed Completion Date could, under certain circumstances, result in liquidated damages up to a maximum amount of $89 million being applied. We have been working with SCE to analyze the applicability and scope of force majeure relief based on our force majeure claims. In February 2024, in response to us issuing an invoice to SCE for one of the sites, SCE notified us that they intend to withhold liquidated damages for that project. Our view is that liquidated damages should not be applied. It is at least reasonably possible we may incur an obligation to pay liquidated damages up to the maximum amount.

Commitments as a Result of Acquisitions

In December 2021, we completed our acquisition of Plug Smart which provided for an earn-out based on future EBITDA targets beginning with EBITDA performance for the month of December 2021 and each fiscal year thereafter, over a five-year period through December 31, 2026. The maximum cumulative earn-out is $5,000 and we evaluated financial forecasts of the acquired business and concluded that the fair value of this earn-out was approximately $1,465 upon acquisition and as of December 31, 2023. At March 31, 2024, the fair value of the contingent consideration remained consistent at $1,465 and is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 11 for additional information.

The August 4, 2023 purchase and sale agreement with BCE includes a potential earn-out that could be earned if the projects achieve specified value thresholds in certain phase 2 projects, each of which is very early in development, or if milestones are achieved on other future projects that are not yet started. The total earn-out is limited to $40,000 over a seven-year period beginning on January 12, 2024. We shall record a liability for the phase 2 earn-out payments when the amounts are probable and estimable. As of March 31, 2024, none of the earn-out amounts are considered probable and estimable.

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Fair Value Measurement

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

We recognize our financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or

liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1: Inputs are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. 

Level 2: Inputs are based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. 

Level 3: Inputs are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The fair values are therefore determined using model-based techniques that include option pricing models, discounted cash flow models, and similar techniques. 

The following table presents the input level used to determine the fair values of our financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

		Fair Value as of
	Level	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets:
Interest rate swap instruments	2	$	5,172	$	3,970
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap instruments	2	$	—	$	629
Make-whole provisions	2	4,755		6,012
Contingent consideration	3	1,465		1,465
Total liabilities		$	6,220	$	8,106

The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liability classified as level 3:

	Fair Value as of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Contingent consideration liability balance at the beginning of period	$	1,465	$	4,158
Changes in fair value included in earnings	—		347
Payment of contingent consideration	—		(3,040)
Contingent consideration liability balance at the end of period	$	1,465	$	1,465

The following table sets forth the fair value and the carrying value of our long-term debt, excluding financing leases:

	As of March 31, 2024				As of December 31, 2023
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Long-term debt (Level 2)	$	1,527,006	$	1,536,879	$	1,466,458	$	1,478,394

The fair value of our long-term debt was estimated using discounted cash flows analysis, based on our current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements which are considered to be level two inputs. There have been no transfers in or out of level two or three financial instruments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023.

We are also required to periodically measure certain other assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, including long-lived assets, goodwill and other intangible assets. We calculated the fair value used in our annual goodwill impairment analysis utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis and determined that the inputs used were level 3 inputs. There were no assets recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

The following table presents information about the fair value amounts of our cash flow derivative instruments:  

		Derivatives as of
		March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Fair Value
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other assets	$	1,752	$	1,023
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other assets	$	3,420	$	2,947
Interest rate swap contracts	Other liabilities	$	—	$	629
Make-whole provisions	Other liabilities	$	4,755	$	6,012

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all but 3 of our freestanding derivatives were designated as hedging instruments.

The following table presents information about the effects of our derivative instruments on our condensed consolidated statements of income and condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income:

		Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Net (Loss) Income
	Location of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Net (Loss) Income	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2024		2023
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other expenses, net	$	(276)	$	11
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other expenses, net	$	(1,102)	$	458
Make-whole provisions	Other expenses, net	$	(1,257)	$	(295)

The following table presents the changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”), net of taxes, from our hedging instruments:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Accumulated gain in AOCI at the beginning of the period	$	746
Unrealized gain recognized in AOCI	815
Gain reclassified from AOCI to other expenses, net	(276)
Gain on derivatives	539
Accumulated gain in AOCI at the end of the period	$	1,285

The following tables present all of our active derivative instruments as of March 31, 2024:

Active Interest Rate Swaps	Expiration Date	Initial Notional Amount ($)		Status
11-Year, 5.77% Fixed	October 2029	$	9,200	Designated
15-Year, 5.24% Fixed	June 2033	$	10,000	Designated
10-Year, 4.74% Fixed	December 2027	$	14,100	Designated
8-Year, 3.49% Fixed	June 2028	$	14,643	Designated
8-Year, 3.49% Fixed	June 2028	$	10,734	Designated
13-Year, 0.72% Fixed	March 2033	$	9,505	Not Designated
13-Year, 0.72% Fixed	March 2033	$	6,968	Not Designated
17.75-Year, 3.16% Fixed	December 2040	$	14,084	Designated
18-Year, 3.81% Fixed	July 2041	$	32,021	Not Designated

Other Derivatives	Classification	Effective Date	Expiration Date	Fair Value ($)
Make-whole provisions	Liability	June/August 2018	December 2038	$	169
Make-whole provisions	Liability	August 2016	April 2031	$	35
Make-whole provisions	Liability	April 2017	February 2034	$	27
Make-whole provisions	Liability	November 2020	December 2027	$	26
Make-whole provisions	Liability	October 2011	May 2028	$	2
Make-whole provisions	Liability	May 2021	April 2045	$	11
Make-whole provisions	Liability	July 2021	March 2046	$	2,085
Make-whole provisions	Liability	June 2022	March 2042	$	797
Make-whole provisions	Liability	March 2023	December 2047	$	1,603

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Variable Interest Entities And Equity Method Investments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES AND EQUITY METHOD INVESTMENTS

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES AND EQUITY METHOD INVESTMENTS

Variable Interest Entities

The table below presents a summary of amounts related to our consolidated investment funds and joint ventures, which we determined meet the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”), as of:

	March 31, 2024 (1)						December 31, 2023 (1)
	Investment Funds		Other VIEs		Total VIEs		Investment Funds		Other VIEs		Total VIEs
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,556	$	6,529	$	8,085	$	5,099	$	16,780	$	21,879
Accounts receivable, net	—		4,645		4,645		—		1,977		1,977
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	1,169		14,230		15,399		662		13,409		14,071
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	26		3,164		3,190		33		3,749		3,782
Total VIE current assets	2,751		28,568		31,319		5,794		35,915		41,709
Property and equipment, net	—		—		—		—		267		267
Energy assets, net	77,768		79,394		157,162		79,104		173,808		252,912
Operating lease assets	4,708		943		5,651		4,748		12,908		17,656
Restricted cash, non-current portion	73		—		73		73		—		73
Other assets	10		537		547		10		74		84
Total VIE assets	$	85,310	$	109,442	$	194,752	$	89,729	$	222,972	$	312,701
Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities	$	2,180	$	—	$	2,180	$	2,190	$	132,427	$	134,617
Accounts payable	1,406		13,940		15,346		1,440		6,490		7,930
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	223		4,908		5,131		241		22,780		23,021
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	138		95		233		133		6,953		7,086
Total VIE current liabilities	3,947		18,943		22,890		4,004		168,650		172,654
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	16,754		—		16,754		17,167		—		17,167
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	5,036		897		5,933		5,063		3,823		8,886
Other liabilities	301		—		301		356		—		356
Total VIE liabilities	$	26,038	$	19,840	$	45,878	$	26,590	$	172,473	$	199,063
(1) The amounts in the above table are reflected in Note 1 on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

See Note 14 for additional information on the call and put options related to our investment funds.

Non-controlling Interests

Non-controlling interests represents the equity owned by the other joint venture members of consolidated joint ventures. On February 9, 2024, we entered into an equity purchase agreement and sold a 40% interest in a consolidated joint venture for $28,864 in cash.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we acquired the remaining interest in one joint venture when we closed on the phase 2 acquisition of BCE as discussed in Note 6.

Equity and Cost Method Investments

Unconsolidated joint ventures are accounted for under the equity method. For these unconsolidated joint ventures, our investment balances are included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and our pro rata share of net income or loss is included in earnings from unconsolidated entities on the condensed consolidated statements of income.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, one of our equity method investments was sold to another company. We received distributions and net proceeds totaling $12,956 and recognized a gain on the sale in the amount of $89, which is included earnings from unconsolidated entities in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

The following table provides information about our equity and cost method investments in joint ventures:

	As of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Equity and cost method investments	$	10,927	$	18,709

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Redeemable Non-controlling Interests

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]

REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS

REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS

Our subsidiaries with membership interests in the investment funds we formed have the right to elect to require the non-controlling interest holder to sell all of its membership units to our subsidiaries, a call option. Our investment funds also include rights for the non-controlling interest holder to elect to require our subsidiaries to purchase all of the non-controlling membership interests in the fund, a put option.

The call options are exercisable beginning on the date that specified conditions are met for each respective fund. The put options for the investment funds are exercisable beginning on the date that specified conditions are met for each respective fund.

We initially record our redeemable non-controlling interests at fair value on the date of acquisition and subsequently adjust to redemption value. At both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 redeemable non-controlling interests were reported at their carrying values, as the carrying value at each reporting period was greater than the estimated redemption value.

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Earnings Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

EARNINGS PER SHARE

EARNINGS PER SHARE

Earnings Per Share

The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)	2024		2023
Numerator:
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(2,937)	$	1,102
Adjustment for accretion of tax equity financing fees	(27)		(27)
(Loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(2,964)	$	1,075
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	52,289		51,963
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options	—		1,298
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	52,289		53,261
Net (loss) income per share attributable to common shareholders:
Basic	$	(0.06)	$	0.02
Diluted	$	(0.06)	$	0.02
Potentially dilutive shares (1)	2,676		1,901
(1) Potentially dilutive shares attributable to stock options were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

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Stock-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

We recorded stock-based compensation expense, including expense related to our employee stock purchase plan, as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Stock-based compensation expense	$	3,026	$	4,037

Our stock-based compensation expense is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2024, there was $33,866 of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock option awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.

Stock Option and Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) Grants

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we granted 524 common stock options to certain employees under our 2020 Stock Incentive Plan (“2020 Plan”), which have a contractual life of ten years and vest over a five-year period. We also granted awards of 93 RSUs to certain employees and directors under our 2020 Plan. We did not grant awards to individuals who were not either an employee or director of ours during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

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Business Segment Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION

BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION

Our reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were North America Regions, U.S. Federal, Europe, Alternative Fuels and All Other. On January 1, 2024, we changed the structure of our internal organization, and our U.S. Regions and Canada are now included in North America Regions. Additionally, our Asset Sustainability Group was formerly included in Canada, but is now included in “All Other”. As a result, previously reported amounts have been reclassified for comparative purposes.

Our North America Regions, U.S. Federal and Europe segments offer energy efficiency products and services which include the design, engineering and installation of equipment and other measures to improve the efficiency and control the operation of a facility’s energy infrastructure, renewable energy solutions and services and the development and construction of small-scale plants that Ameresco owns or develops for customers that produce electricity, gas, heat or cooling from renewable sources of energy and O&M services.

Our Alternative Fuels segment sells electricity, thermal, renewable fuel, or biomethane using biogas as a feedstock from small-scale plants that we own and operate, and provides O&M services for customer-owned small-scale plants.

The “All Other” category includes consulting services and the sale of solar PV energy products and systems which we refer to as integrated-PV.

These segments do not include results of other activities, such as corporate operating expenses not specifically allocated to the segments. Certain reportable segments are an aggregation of operating segments.

The tables below present our business segment information recast for the prior-year period and a reconciliation to the condensed consolidated financial statements:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total Consolidated
Three months ended March 31, 2024
Revenues	$	138,285	$	60,890	$	44,122	$	32,859	$	22,250	$	298,406
Gain on derivatives	(1,256)		(795)		—		(308)		—		(2,359)
Interest expense, net of interest income	1,697		775		918		5,682		—		9,072
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	8,074		2,016		496		7,196		596		18,378
Unallocated corporate activity	—		—		—		—		—		(22,143)
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	5,593		7,357		(592)		1,176		2,431		15,965

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total Consolidated
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Revenues	$	140,542	$	59,556	$	19,096	$	28,339	$	23,509	$	271,042
(Gain) loss on derivatives	(295)		(62)		—		520		—		163
Interest expense, net of interest income	1,585		298		121		2,351		(2)		4,353
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	6,453		1,225		175		5,868		131		13,852
Unallocated corporate activity	—		—		—		—		—		(18,843)
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	8,250		5,212		123		3,515		2,797		19,897

See Note 3 for additional information about our revenues by product line.

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Other Expenses, Net

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]

OTHER EXPENSES, NET

OTHER EXPENSES, NET

The following table presents the components of other expenses, net:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
(Gain) loss on derivatives	$	(2,359)	$	163
Interest expense, net of interest income	14,235		7,193
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs	982		790
Foreign currency transaction loss (gain)	1,132		(157)
Government incentives	12		54
Factoring fees	169		—
Other expenses, net	$	14,171	$	8,043

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Assets Held For Sale

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

ASSETS HELD FOR SALE

ASSETS HELD FOR SALE

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we determined that there were five energy asset projects under construction that were considered to be assets held for sale, since these assets were being marketed for sale and all the criteria to be classified as held for sale under ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment—Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, had been met. The carrying value of these assets was $58,748 and $38,404 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, with liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale of $13,097 and $8,351 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Assets held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying value or the fair value less cost to sell.

The table below reflects the assets and liabilities associated with assets held for sale by segment:

	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Total		North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Total
Other assets	$	19,835	$	36,920	$	56,755	$	18,895	$	18,253	$	37,148
Operating lease assets	1,250		743		1,993		1,256		—		1,256
Assets classified as held for sale	$	21,085	$	37,663	$	58,748	$	20,151	$	18,253	$	38,404
Accounts payable	$	183	$	9,900	$	10,083	$	5,418	$	601	$	6,019
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	4		13		17		14		—		14
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	—		1,015		1,015		—		1,088		1,088
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	1,252		730		1,982		1,230		—		1,230
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale	$	1,439	$	11,658	$	13,097	$	6,662	$	1,689	$	8,351

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Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$ (2,937)	$ 1,102

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Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of Ameresco, Inc. (including its subsidiaries, the “Company,” “Ameresco,” “we,” “our,” or “us”) are unaudited, according to certain rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and include, in our opinion, normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) of the results for the periods indicated.

Reclassification and Rounding

Reclassification and Rounding

Certain prior period amounts were reclassified to conform to the presentation in the current period. We round amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements to thousands and calculate all percentages and per-share data from the underlying whole-dollar amounts. Thus, certain amounts may not foot, crossfoot, or recalculate based on reported numbers due to rounding.

Accounts Receivable Factoring

Accounts Receivable Factoring

Ameresco’s wholly-owned subsidiary in Italy entered into factoring agreements to sell certain receivables to unrelated third-party financial institutions on a non-recourse basis. These transactions are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing and result in a reduction in accounts receivable because the agreements transfer effective control over the receivables, and related risk, to the buyers. Our Italian subsidiary does not retain any interest in the underlying accounts

receivable once sold. Trade accounts receivables balances sold are removed from the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and cash received is reflected in operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Factoring fees during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were $169 and $0, respectively, and are included in other expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist primarily of other receivables, deferred project costs, and other short-term prepaid expenditures that will be expensed within one year.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Business Combinations— Joint Venture Formations

In August 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-05, Business Combinations— Joint Venture Formations (Subtopic 805-60) Recognition and Initial Measurement, which addresses the accounting for contributions made to a joint venture, upon formation, in a joint venture’s separate financial statements. ASU 2023-05 is effective prospectively for all joint venture formations with a formation date on or after January 1, 2025. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated consolidated financial statements.

Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative, which updates the disclosure or presentation requirements for a variety of topics in the codification. ASU 2023-06 is effective from the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, with early adoption prohibited. We will monitor the removal of the requirements from the current regulations and adopt the related amendments, but we do not anticipate this new guidance will have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements as we are currently subject to SEC requirements.

Segment Reporting (Topic 820) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 820) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which improves reportable segment disclosures by requiring enhanced disclosures for significant segment expenses and other segment items. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, to enhance the income tax disclosures, including disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation table and disaggregated information related to income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards, to clarify how to determine if a profits interest or similar award is within the scope of ASC 718 or is not a share-based payment arrangement and is within the scope of other guidance. ASU 2024-01 is effective for fiscal years

beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Codification Improvements—Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02, Codification Improvements—Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements, to remove references to various FASB Concepts Statements based on suggestions received from stakeholders on the Accounting Standards Codification and other incremental improvements to GAAP. ASU 2024-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting standard would have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Allowance for Credit Loss

Changes in the allowance for credit losses are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of period	$	903	$	911
Charges to (recoveries of) costs and expenses, net	1		93
Account write-offs and other	(6)		(33)
Allowance for credit losses, end of period	$	898	$	971

Prepaid Expenses And Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets comprised of the following:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Other receivables	$	44,014	$	74,454
Deferred project costs	65,020		38,240
Prepaid expenses	9,779		10,697
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	118,813	$	123,391

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Summary of Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by line of business and reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total
Project revenue	$	116,211	$	43,479	$	41,424	$	3,163	$	7	$	204,284
O&M revenue	6,933		15,278		747		2,377		—		25,335
Energy assets	13,754		1,929		171		27,300		—		43,154
Other	1,387		204		1,780		19		22,243		25,633
Total revenues	$	138,285	$	60,890	$	44,122	$	32,859	$	22,250	$	298,406

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by line of business and reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2023:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total
Project revenue	$	119,231	$	45,549	$	17,200	$	—	$	1,250	$	183,230
O&M revenue	5,539		12,700		333		3,686		—		22,258
Energy assets	14,407		1,076		519		24,653		117		40,772
Other	1,365		231		1,044		—		22,142		24,782
Total revenues	$	140,542	$	59,556	$	19,096	$	28,339	$	23,509	$	271,042

The following table presents information related to our revenue recognized over time:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Percentage of revenue recognized over time	94%	93%

The remainder of our revenue is for products and services transferred at a point in time, at which point revenue is recognized.

We attribute revenues to customers based on the location of the customer. The following table presents information related to our revenues by geographic area:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
United States	$	239,099	$	233,084
Canada	15,180		17,234
Europe	44,127		20,724
Total revenues	$	298,406	$	271,042

Summary of Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability

The following tables provide information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Accounts receivable, net	$	146,836	$	153,362
Accounts receivable retainage, net	32,158		33,826
Contract Assets:
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	$	652,428	$	636,163
Contract Liabilities:
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	$	61,267	$	52,903
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings, non-current (1)	19,883		18,688
Total contract liabilities	$	81,150	$	71,591

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accounts receivable, net	$	130,940	$	174,009
Accounts receivable retainage, net	35,625		38,057
Contract Assets:
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	$	497,762	$	576,363
Contract Liabilities:
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	$	39,326	$	34,796
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings, non-current (1)	12,510		7,617
Total contract liabilities	$	51,836	$	42,413
(1) Performance obligations that are expected to be completed beyond the next twelve months and are included in other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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Business Acquisitions and Related Transactions (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Summary of Purchase Price Allocation by Acquisitions

A summary of the cumulative consideration paid and allocation of the purchase price for the Enerqos acquisition are presented in the table below:

	Preliminary March 31, 2023		Measurement Period Adjustment		As Adjusted December 31, 2023
Cash	$	9,535	$	—	$	9,535
Long-term debt assumed, net of current portions	3,951		—		3,951
FX adjustment	(41)		—		(41)
Fair value of consideration transferred	$	13,445	$	—	$	13,445
Cash and cash equivalents	$	190	$	—	$	190
Accounts receivable	6,230		—		6,230
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	8,985		—		8,985
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	16,504		—		16,504
Project development costs	5,140		—		5,140
Property and equipment and energy assets	1,234		—		1,234
Intangible assets	4,438		—		4,438
Long-term restricted cash	163		—		163
Accounts payable	(15,480)		—		(15,480)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(4,510)		165		(4,345)
Current portions of long-term debt	(15,165)		—		(15,165)
Deferred income tax liabilities, net	(931)		—		(931)
Other liabilities	(208)		—		(208)
Recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed	$	6,590	$	165	$	6,755
Goodwill	$	6,855	$	(165)	$	6,690

Summary of Purchase Price Allocation by Acquisitions

A summary of the cumulative consideration paid and allocation of the purchase price for the Enerqos acquisition are presented in the table below:

	Preliminary March 31, 2023		Measurement Period Adjustment		As Adjusted December 31, 2023
Cash	$	9,535	$	—	$	9,535
Long-term debt assumed, net of current portions	3,951		—		3,951
FX adjustment	(41)		—		(41)
Fair value of consideration transferred	$	13,445	$	—	$	13,445
Cash and cash equivalents	$	190	$	—	$	190
Accounts receivable	6,230		—		6,230
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	8,985		—		8,985
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	16,504		—		16,504
Project development costs	5,140		—		5,140
Property and equipment and energy assets	1,234		—		1,234
Intangible assets	4,438		—		4,438
Long-term restricted cash	163		—		163
Accounts payable	(15,480)		—		(15,480)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(4,510)		165		(4,345)
Current portions of long-term debt	(15,165)		—		(15,165)
Deferred income tax liabilities, net	(931)		—		(931)
Other liabilities	(208)		—		(208)
Recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed	$	6,590	$	165	$	6,755
Goodwill	$	6,855	$	(165)	$	6,690

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Carrying Value of Goodwill Attributable to Each Reportable Segment

The changes in the carrying value of goodwill balances by reportable segment were as follows:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		Other		Total
Carrying Value of Goodwill
Balance, December 31, 2023	$	40,681	$	3,981	$	13,034	$	—	$	17,891	$	75,587
Goodwill acquired during the year	—		—		—		—		—		—
Fair value allocation	(1,474)		—		—		—		1,474		—
Currency effects	(70)		—		(206)		—		—		(276)
Balance, March 31, 2024	$	39,137	$	3,981	$	12,828	$	—	$	19,365	$	75,311

Summary of Gross Carrying Amount and Accumulated Amortization of Intangible Assets

Definite-lived intangible assets, net consisted of the following:

	As of March 31, 2024		As of December 31, 2023
Gross carrying amount	$	36,960	37,147
Less - accumulated amortization	(30,763)		(30,339)
Intangible assets, net	$	6,197	$	6,808

Summary of Amortization Expense

The table below sets forth amortization expense:

		Three Months Ended March 31,
Asset type	Location	2024	2023
All other intangible assets	Selling, general and administrative expenses	539	302

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Energy Assets, Net (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Energy Assets

Energy assets, net consisted of the following:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Energy assets (1)	$	2,170,223	$	2,054,145
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization	(381,654)		(364,721)
Energy assets, net	$	1,788,569	$	1,689,424
(1) Includes financing lease assets (see Note 7), capitalized interest and asset retirement obligations (“ARO”) assets (see tables below). Also includes the energy asset projects acquired in January 2024. See section below for additional information.

Schedule of Depreciation and Amortization Expense of Energy Assets

The following table sets forth our depreciation and amortization expense on energy assets, net of deferred grant amortization:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
Location	2024		2023
Cost of revenues (2)	$	17,124	$	13,341
(2) Includes depreciation and amortization on financing lease assets (see Note 7).

Schedule of Capitalized Interest

The following table presents the interest costs relating to construction financing during the period of construction, which were capitalized as part of energy assets, net:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Capitalized interest	$	14,872	$	6,376

Schedule Of Asset And Liabilities Retirement Obligations

The following tables sets forth information related to our ARO assets and ARO liabilities:

	Location	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
ARO assets, net	Energy assets, net	$	4,619	$	4,800
ARO liabilities, non-current	Other liabilities	$	5,886	$	5,960

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Depreciation expense of ARO assets	$	44	$	55
Accretion expense of ARO liabilities	$	66	$	66

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Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets and Liabilities, Lessee

The table below sets forth supplemental condensed consolidated balance sheet information related to our leases:

	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease assets	$	69,348		$	58,586
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	$	14,220		$	13,569
Long-term portions of operating lease liabilities	50,710			42,258
Total operating lease liabilities	$	64,930		$	55,827
Weighted-average remaining lease term	19 years			18 years
Weighted-average discount rate	6.6		%	6.6		%
Financing Leases:
Energy assets	$	26,736		$	27,262
Current portions of financing lease liabilities	$	1,027		$	871
Long-term financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	12,871			13,057
Total financing lease liabilities	$	13,898		$	13,928
Weighted-average remaining lease term	13 years			13 years
Weighted-average discount rate	12.05		%	12.05		%

Schedule of Other Lease Cost Details

The costs related to our leases were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease costs	$	3,056	$	2,120
Financing Leases:
Amortization expense	526		526
Interest on lease liabilities	392		444
Total lease costs	$	3,974	$	3,090

Supplemental cash flow information related to our leases was as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	4,932	$	1,852
Right-of-use assets (“ROU”) obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities (1)	$	12,736	$	1,319
(1) Includes non-monetary lease transactions of $10,378. See disclosure below for additional information.

Schedule of Operating Lease Liability Maturity

The table below sets forth our estimated minimum future lease obligations under our leases:

	Operating Leases		Financing Leases
Year ended December 31,
2024	$	12,766	$	2,207
2025	12,403		2,213
2026	7,093		2,054
2027	6,006		1,922
2028	5,061		1,955
Thereafter	61,421		15,935
Total minimum lease payments	104,750		26,286
Less: interest	39,820		12,388
Present value of lease liabilities	$	64,930	$	13,898

Schedule of Finance Lease Liability Maturity

The table below sets forth our estimated minimum future lease obligations under our leases:

	Operating Leases		Financing Leases
Year ended December 31,
2024	$	12,766	$	2,207
2025	12,403		2,213
2026	7,093		2,054
2027	6,006		1,922
2028	5,061		1,955
Thereafter	61,421		15,935
Total minimum lease payments	104,750		26,286
Less: interest	39,820		12,388
Present value of lease liabilities	$	64,930	$	13,898

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Debt and Financing Lease Liabilities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Debt and Financing Lease Liabilities

Our debt and financing lease liabilities are comprised of the following:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Senior secured revolving credit facility (1)	$	160,000	$	140,000
Senior secured term loans	108,750		139,900
Energy asset construction facilities (2)	469,904		470,248
Energy asset term loans (2)	632,883		564,530
Sale-leasebacks (3)	185,863		185,698
Financing lease liabilities (4)	13,898		13,928
Total debt and financing lease liabilities	1,571,298		1,514,304
Less: current maturities	539,201		322,247
Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	20,521		21,982
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	$	1,011,576	$	1,170,075
(1) At March 31, 2024, funds of $27,269 were available for borrowing under this facility.
(2) Most of these agreements are now using the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the primary reference rate used to calculate interest.
(3) These facilities are accounted for as failed sale leasebacks and are classified as long-term financing facilities. See Note 7 for additional disclosures.
(4) Financing lease liabilities are sale-leaseback arrangements under previous guidance. See Note 7 for additional disclosures.

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Fair Value Measurement (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Summary of Changes in Fair Value by Balance Sheet Grouping

The following table presents the input level used to determine the fair values of our financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

		Fair Value as of
	Level	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets:
Interest rate swap instruments	2	$	5,172	$	3,970
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap instruments	2	$	—	$	629
Make-whole provisions	2	4,755		6,012
Contingent consideration	3	1,465		1,465
Total liabilities		$	6,220	$	8,106

Summary of Changes in Fair Value of Contingent Liabilities Classified as Level 3

The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liability classified as level 3:

	Fair Value as of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Contingent consideration liability balance at the beginning of period	$	1,465	$	4,158
Changes in fair value included in earnings	—		347
Payment of contingent consideration	—		(3,040)
Contingent consideration liability balance at the end of period	$	1,465	$	1,465

Summary of Fair Value and Carrying Value of Long-Term Debt

The following table sets forth the fair value and the carrying value of our long-term debt, excluding financing leases:

	As of March 31, 2024				As of December 31, 2023
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Long-term debt (Level 2)	$	1,527,006	$	1,536,879	$	1,466,458	$	1,478,394

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

The following table presents information about the fair value amounts of our cash flow derivative instruments:  

		Derivatives as of
		March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Fair Value
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other assets	$	1,752	$	1,023
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other assets	$	3,420	$	2,947
Interest rate swap contracts	Other liabilities	$	—	$	629
Make-whole provisions	Other liabilities	$	4,755	$	6,012

Summary of Derivative Effect on Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)

The following table presents information about the effects of our derivative instruments on our condensed consolidated statements of income and condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income:

		Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Net (Loss) Income
	Location of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Net (Loss) Income	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2024		2023
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other expenses, net	$	(276)	$	11
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swap contracts	Other expenses, net	$	(1,102)	$	458
Make-whole provisions	Other expenses, net	$	(1,257)	$	(295)

Summary of Cash Flow Hedges Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table presents the changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”), net of taxes, from our hedging instruments:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Accumulated gain in AOCI at the beginning of the period	$	746
Unrealized gain recognized in AOCI	815
Gain reclassified from AOCI to other expenses, net	(276)
Gain on derivatives	539
Accumulated gain in AOCI at the end of the period	$	1,285

Summary of Active Derivative Instruments

The following tables present all of our active derivative instruments as of March 31, 2024:

Active Interest Rate Swaps	Expiration Date	Initial Notional Amount ($)		Status
11-Year, 5.77% Fixed	October 2029	$	9,200	Designated
15-Year, 5.24% Fixed	June 2033	$	10,000	Designated
10-Year, 4.74% Fixed	December 2027	$	14,100	Designated
8-Year, 3.49% Fixed	June 2028	$	14,643	Designated
8-Year, 3.49% Fixed	June 2028	$	10,734	Designated
13-Year, 0.72% Fixed	March 2033	$	9,505	Not Designated
13-Year, 0.72% Fixed	March 2033	$	6,968	Not Designated
17.75-Year, 3.16% Fixed	December 2040	$	14,084	Designated
18-Year, 3.81% Fixed	July 2041	$	32,021	Not Designated

Other Derivatives	Classification	Effective Date	Expiration Date	Fair Value ($)
Make-whole provisions	Liability	June/August 2018	December 2038	$	169
Make-whole provisions	Liability	August 2016	April 2031	$	35
Make-whole provisions	Liability	April 2017	February 2034	$	27
Make-whole provisions	Liability	November 2020	December 2027	$	26
Make-whole provisions	Liability	October 2011	May 2028	$	2
Make-whole provisions	Liability	May 2021	April 2045	$	11
Make-whole provisions	Liability	July 2021	March 2046	$	2,085
Make-whole provisions	Liability	June 2022	March 2042	$	797
Make-whole provisions	Liability	March 2023	December 2047	$	1,603

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Variable Interest Entities And Equity Method Investments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Summary of Variable Interest Entities

The table below presents a summary of amounts related to our consolidated investment funds and joint ventures, which we determined meet the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”), as of:

	March 31, 2024 (1)						December 31, 2023 (1)
	Investment Funds		Other VIEs		Total VIEs		Investment Funds		Other VIEs		Total VIEs
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,556	$	6,529	$	8,085	$	5,099	$	16,780	$	21,879
Accounts receivable, net	—		4,645		4,645		—		1,977		1,977
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	1,169		14,230		15,399		662		13,409		14,071
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	26		3,164		3,190		33		3,749		3,782
Total VIE current assets	2,751		28,568		31,319		5,794		35,915		41,709
Property and equipment, net	—		—		—		—		267		267
Energy assets, net	77,768		79,394		157,162		79,104		173,808		252,912
Operating lease assets	4,708		943		5,651		4,748		12,908		17,656
Restricted cash, non-current portion	73		—		73		73		—		73
Other assets	10		537		547		10		74		84
Total VIE assets	$	85,310	$	109,442	$	194,752	$	89,729	$	222,972	$	312,701
Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities	$	2,180	$	—	$	2,180	$	2,190	$	132,427	$	134,617
Accounts payable	1,406		13,940		15,346		1,440		6,490		7,930
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	223		4,908		5,131		241		22,780		23,021
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	138		95		233		133		6,953		7,086
Total VIE current liabilities	3,947		18,943		22,890		4,004		168,650		172,654
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	16,754		—		16,754		17,167		—		17,167
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	5,036		897		5,933		5,063		3,823		8,886
Other liabilities	301		—		301		356		—		356
Total VIE liabilities	$	26,038	$	19,840	$	45,878	$	26,590	$	172,473	$	199,063
(1) The amounts in the above table are reflected in Note 1 on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Summary of Equity Method Investments

The following table provides information about our equity and cost method investments in joint ventures:

	As of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Equity and cost method investments	$	10,927	$	18,709

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Summary of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted

The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)	2024		2023
Numerator:
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(2,937)	$	1,102
Adjustment for accretion of tax equity financing fees	(27)		(27)
(Loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(2,964)	$	1,075
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	52,289		51,963
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options	—		1,298
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	52,289		53,261
Net (loss) income per share attributable to common shareholders:
Basic	$	(0.06)	$	0.02
Diluted	$	(0.06)	$	0.02
Potentially dilutive shares (1)	2,676		1,901
(1) Potentially dilutive shares attributable to stock options were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Summary of Share-based Compensation Expense

We recorded stock-based compensation expense, including expense related to our employee stock purchase plan, as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Stock-based compensation expense	$	3,026	$	4,037

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Business Segment Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Summary of Operational Results by Business Segments

The tables below present our business segment information recast for the prior-year period and a reconciliation to the condensed consolidated financial statements:

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total Consolidated
Three months ended March 31, 2024
Revenues	$	138,285	$	60,890	$	44,122	$	32,859	$	22,250	$	298,406
Gain on derivatives	(1,256)		(795)		—		(308)		—		(2,359)
Interest expense, net of interest income	1,697		775		918		5,682		—		9,072
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	8,074		2,016		496		7,196		596		18,378
Unallocated corporate activity	—		—		—		—		—		(22,143)
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	5,593		7,357		(592)		1,176		2,431		15,965

	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Europe		Alternative Fuels		All Other		Total Consolidated
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Revenues	$	140,542	$	59,556	$	19,096	$	28,339	$	23,509	$	271,042
(Gain) loss on derivatives	(295)		(62)		—		520		—		163
Interest expense, net of interest income	1,585		298		121		2,351		(2)		4,353
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	6,453		1,225		175		5,868		131		13,852
Unallocated corporate activity	—		—		—		—		—		(18,843)
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	8,250		5,212		123		3,515		2,797		19,897

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Other Expenses, Net (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]

Summary of Other Expenses, Net

The following table presents the components of other expenses, net:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
(Gain) loss on derivatives	$	(2,359)	$	163
Interest expense, net of interest income	14,235		7,193
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs	982		790
Foreign currency transaction loss (gain)	1,132		(157)
Government incentives	12		54
Factoring fees	169		—
Other expenses, net	$	14,171	$	8,043

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Assets Held For Sale (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets and Liabilities

The table below reflects the assets and liabilities associated with assets held for sale by segment:

	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Total		North America Regions		U.S. Federal		Total
Other assets	$	19,835	$	36,920	$	56,755	$	18,895	$	18,253	$	37,148
Operating lease assets	1,250		743		1,993		1,256		—		1,256
Assets classified as held for sale	$	21,085	$	37,663	$	58,748	$	20,151	$	18,253	$	38,404
Accounts payable	$	183	$	9,900	$	10,083	$	5,418	$	601	$	6,019
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	4		13		17		14		—		14
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	—		1,015		1,015		—		1,088		1,088
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	1,252		730		1,982		1,230		—		1,230
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale	$	1,439	$	11,658	$	13,097	$	6,662	$	1,689	$	8,351

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Factoring fees	$ 169	$ 0

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Allowance for Credit Losses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of period	$ 903	$ 911
Charges to (recoveries of) costs and expenses, net	1	93
Account write-offs and other	(6)	(33)
Allowance for credit losses, end of period	$ 898	$ 971

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Other receivables		$ 44,014	$ 74,454
Deferred project costs		65,020	38,240
Prepaid expenses		9,779	10,697
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	[1]	$ 118,813	$ 123,391

[1] Includes restricted assets of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $194,752 and $312,701, respectively. Includes liabilities of consolidated VIEs at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $45,878 and 199,063, respectively. See Note 13.

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 298,406	$ 271,042
Percentage of revenue recognized over time	94.00%	93.00%
United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 239,099	$ 233,084
Canada
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	15,180	17,234
Europe
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	44,127	20,724
Project revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	204,284	183,230
O&M revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	25,335	22,258
Energy assets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	43,154	40,772
Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	25,633	24,782
North America Regions
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	138,285	140,542
North America Regions | Project revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	116,211	119,231
North America Regions | O&M revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	6,933	5,539
North America Regions | Energy assets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	13,754	14,407
North America Regions | Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	1,387	1,365
U.S. Federal
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	60,890	59,556
U.S. Federal | Project revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	43,479	45,549
U.S. Federal | O&M revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	15,278	12,700
U.S. Federal | Energy assets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	1,929	1,076
U.S. Federal | Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	204	231
Europe
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	44,122	19,096
Europe | Project revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	41,424	17,200
Europe | O&M revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	747	333
Europe | Energy assets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	171	519
Europe | Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	1,780	1,044
Alternative Fuels
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	32,859	28,339
Alternative Fuels | Project revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	3,163	0
Alternative Fuels | O&M revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	2,377	3,686
Alternative Fuels | Energy assets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	27,300	24,653
Alternative Fuels | Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	19	0
All Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	22,250	23,509
All Other | Project revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	7	1,250
All Other | O&M revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0
All Other | Energy assets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	0	117
All Other | Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 22,243	$ 22,142

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Contract Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024		Dec. 31, 2023		Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, net	$ 146,836	[1]	$ 153,362	[1]	$ 130,940	$ 174,009
Accounts receivable retainage, net	32,158		33,826		35,625	38,057
Contract Assets:
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	652,428	[1]	636,163	[1]	497,762	576,363
Contract Liabilities:
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	61,267		52,903		39,326	34,796
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings, non-current	19,883		18,688		12,510	7,617
Total contract liabilities	$ 81,150		$ 71,591		$ 51,836	$ 42,413

[1] Includes restricted assets of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $194,752 and $312,701, respectively. Includes liabilities of consolidated VIEs at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $45,878 and 199,063, respectively. See Note 13.

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Contract with customer, asset, reclassified to receivable	$ 210,475,000	$ 286,203,000
Contract with customer, asset, revenue recognized	203,216,000	190,415,000
Revenue recognized	60,748,000	34,715,000
Contract with customer, liability, billings	46,306,000	39,082,000
Revenue, remaining performance obligation	$ 2,658,592,000
Contract term	25 years
Capitalized contract cost, project development costs	$ 3,120,000	2,612,000
Capitalized contract cost, impairment loss	$ 0	$ 0

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Performance Obligation (Details) - Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-04-01	Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, percentage	32.00%
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, remaining satisfaction	12 months

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Business Acquisitions and Related Transactions - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)				3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill, net	$ 75,587,000			$ 75,311,000
Enerqos
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Fair value of consideration	13,445,000	$ 13,445,000	$ 13,445,000
Payments to acquire businesses, gross	9,535,000	9,535,000	9,535,000
Contingent consideration			0
Cash acquired from acquisition			353,000
Long-term debt assumed, net of current portions	3,951,000	3,951,000	3,951,000
Deferred tax liability	931,000	931,000	931,000
Goodwill, net	$ 6,690,000	$ 6,855,000	$ 6,855,000
Revenue				4,178,000
Net loss				$ 740,000

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Business Acquisitions and Related Transactions - Consideration Paid and the Allocation of the Purchase Price (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands				9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 75,587			$ 75,587	$ 75,311
Enerqos
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash	9,535	$ 9,535	$ 9,535
Long-term debt assumed, net of current portions	3,951	3,951	3,951
FX adjustment	(41)	(41)
Fair value of consideration transferred	13,445	13,445	13,445
Cash and cash equivalents	190	190		190
Accounts receivable	6,230	6,230		6,230
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	8,985	8,985		8,985
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	16,504	16,504		16,504
Project development costs	5,140	5,140		5,140
Property and equipment and energy assets	1,234	1,234		1,234
Intangible assets	4,438	4,438		4,438
Long-term restricted cash	163	163		163
Accounts payable	(15,480)	(15,480)		(15,480)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(4,345)	(4,510)		(4,345)
Measurement period adjustment, Accrued expenses and other current liabilities				165
Current portions of long-term debt	(15,165)	(15,165)		(15,165)
Deferred income tax liabilities, net	(931)	(931)	(931)	(931)
Other liabilities	(208)	(208)		(208)
Recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed	6,755	6,590		6,755
Measurement period adjustment, Recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed				165
Goodwill	$ 6,690	$ 6,855	$ 6,855	6,690
Measurement period adjustment, Goodwill				$ (165)

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Additional Information (Details)	Jan. 01, 2024 reporting_unit
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Number of reporting units	2

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Goodwill (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Carrying Value of Goodwill
Beginning Balance	$ 75,587
Goodwill acquired during the year	0
Fair value allocation	0
Currency effects	(276)
Ending Balance	75,311
North America Regions
Carrying Value of Goodwill
Beginning Balance	40,681
Goodwill acquired during the year	0
Fair value allocation	(1,474)
Currency effects	(70)
Ending Balance	39,137
U.S. Federal
Carrying Value of Goodwill
Beginning Balance	3,981
Goodwill acquired during the year	0
Fair value allocation	0
Currency effects	0
Ending Balance	3,981
Europe
Carrying Value of Goodwill
Beginning Balance	13,034
Goodwill acquired during the year	0
Fair value allocation	0
Currency effects	(206)
Ending Balance	12,828
Alternative Fuels
Carrying Value of Goodwill
Beginning Balance	0
Goodwill acquired during the year	0
Fair value allocation	0
Currency effects	0
Ending Balance	0
Other
Carrying Value of Goodwill
Beginning Balance	17,891
Goodwill acquired during the year	0
Fair value allocation	1,474
Currency effects	0
Ending Balance	$ 19,365

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Gross carrying amount	$ 36,960	$ 37,147
Less - accumulated amortization	(30,763)	(30,339)
Intangible assets, net	$ 6,197	$ 6,808

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Total amortization expense	$ 539	$ 302
All other intangible assets
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Total amortization expense	$ 539	$ 302

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Energy Assets, Net - Energy Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Energy assets, net	[1]	$ 1,788,569	$ 1,689,424
Energy Assets
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Energy assets		2,170,223	2,054,145
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization		(381,654)	(364,721)
Energy assets, net		$ 1,788,569	$ 1,689,424

[1] Includes restricted assets of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $194,752 and $312,701, respectively. Includes liabilities of consolidated VIEs at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $45,878 and 199,063, respectively. See Note 13.

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Energy Assets, Net - August 2023 Purchase and Sale Agreement (Details) $ in Thousands				1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 12, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 28, 2023 land_lease	Aug. 04, 2023 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payment on seller's promissory note					$ 29,441	$ 0
Number of land leases acquired | land_lease		4
Bright Canyon Corporation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percentage of stock acquired			100.00%
Asset acquisition, total purchase price	$ 47,956		$ 87,964
Cash payment for asset acquisition	9,839		5,000
Payable to seller	$ 32,500		46,694		$ 5,617
Asset acquisition, debt assumed			36,270
Cash acquired			$ 11,206
Payment on seller's promissory note				$ 29,441			$ 18,400
Adjustment, consideration transferred				$ 1,147

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Energy Assets, Net - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cost of revenues	$ 17,124	$ 13,341
Capitalized interest	14,872	6,376
ARO assets, net	4,619		$ 4,800
ARO liabilities, non-current	5,886		$ 5,960
Depreciation expense of ARO assets	1,175	644
Accretion expense of ARO liabilities	66	66
ARO Assets
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Depreciation expense of ARO assets	$ 44	$ 55

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Leases - Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease assets	[1]	$ 69,348	$ 58,586
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	[1]	14,220	13,569
Long-term portions of operating lease liabilities	[1]	50,710	42,258
Total operating lease liabilities		$ 64,930	$ 55,827
Weighted-average remaining lease term		19 years	18 years
Weighted-average discount rate		6.60%	6.60%
Financing Leases:
Energy assets		$ 26,736	$ 27,262
Current portions of financing lease liabilities		1,027	871
Long-term financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs		12,871	13,057
Total financing lease liabilities		$ 13,898	$ 13,928
Weighted-average remaining lease term		13 years	13 years
Weighted-average discount rate		12.05%	12.05%
Finance Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]		Energy assets, net	Energy assets, net
Finance Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]		Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities	Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities
Finance Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]		Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs

[1] Includes restricted assets of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $194,752 and $312,701, respectively. Includes liabilities of consolidated VIEs at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $45,878 and 199,063, respectively. See Note 13.

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Leases - Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Operating Leases:
Operating lease costs	$ 3,056	$ 2,120
Financing Leases:
Amortization expense	526	526
Interest on lease liabilities	392	444
Total lease costs	$ 3,974	$ 3,090

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Leases - Supplemental Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$ 4,932	$ 1,852
Right-of-use assets (“ROU”) obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	12,736	$ 1,319
Non-monetary lease transactions	$ 10,378

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Leases - Minimum Future Lease Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Leases
2024	$ 12,766
2025	12,403
2026	7,093
2027	6,006
2028	5,061
Thereafter	61,421
Total minimum lease payments	104,750
Less: interest	39,820
Present value of lease liabilities	64,930	$ 55,827
Financing Leases
2024	2,207
2025	2,213
2026	2,054
2027	1,922
2028	1,955
Thereafter	15,935
Total minimum lease payments	26,286
Less: interest	12,388
Present value of lease liabilities	$ 13,898	$ 13,928

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Leases - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) lease_liability project	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Number of lease liabilities | lease_liability	6
Net amortization expense	$ 57	$ 57
Ground Lease
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Commitment for future lease payments for leases that do not yet meet the criteria of a ROU asset or liability	$ 10,500
Lease term	20 years
August 2018 Long Term Finance Liability | Solar Photovoltaic Projects
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Solar PV projects sold | project	1
Investment fund call option exercise	$ 4,444

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Debt and Financing Lease Liabilities - Schedule of Long-term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Financing lease liabilities		$ 13,898	$ 13,928
Total debt and financing lease liabilities		1,571,298	1,514,304
Less: current maturities		539,201	322,247
Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs		20,521	21,982
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	[1]	1,011,576	1,170,075
Secured Debt | Senior secured term loans
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, gross		108,750	139,900
Secured Debt | Energy asset term loans
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, gross		632,883	564,530
Financing Facility | Long-term financing facilities
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, gross		185,863	185,698
Revolving Senior Secured Credit Facility | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, gross		160,000	140,000
Revolving Credit Facility | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Funds available for borrowing		27,269
Revolving Credit Facility | Line of Credit | Energy asset construction facilities
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, gross		$ 469,904	$ 470,248

[1] Includes restricted assets of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $194,752 and $312,701, respectively. Includes liabilities of consolidated VIEs at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $45,878 and 199,063, respectively. See Note 13.

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Debt and Financing Lease Liabilities - Additional Information (Details)						1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Apr. 10, 2024 USD ($)	Apr. 05, 2024 USD ($) note	Feb. 26, 2024 USD ($)	Jan. 12, 2024 USD ($)	Aug. 04, 2023 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Payment on seller's promissory note							$ 29,441,000	$ 0
Bright Canyon Corporation
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate, percentage				5.00%
Asset acquisition, total purchase price				$ 47,956,000	$ 87,964,000
Cash payment for asset acquisition				9,839,000	5,000,000
Payable to seller				$ 32,500,000	46,694,000		5,617,000
Asset acquisition, debt assumed					$ 36,270,000
Payment on seller's promissory note						$ 29,441,000			$ 18,400,000
Adjustment, consideration transferred						$ 1,147,000
Secured Debt | Bright Canyon Corporation
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Asset acquisition, debt assumed			$ 36,270,000
Secured Debt | Bright Canyon Corporation | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), 4 Year Term
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate			1.635%
Secured Debt | Bright Canyon Corporation | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), 2 Year Term
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate			1.76%
Senior secured term loans | Secured Debt | Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayments of secured debt	$ 5,000,000
Principal amount	7,500,000
Subordinated debt	$ 100,000,000
Senior Secured Notes, Due June 2042 | Senior Notes | Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of notes | note		2
Debt issuance costs		$ 1,052,000
Senior Secured Notes, Due June 2042, First Lien | Senior Notes | Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate, percentage		6.20%
Original principal amount		$ 92,512,000
Proceeds from issuance of senior long-term debt		$ 83,282,000
Senior Secured Notes, Due June 2042, Second Lien | Senior Notes | Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate, percentage		8.00%
Original principal amount		$ 12,657,000
Proceeds from issuance of senior long-term debt		12,292,000
Revolving Credit Facility | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Funds available for borrowing							$ 27,269,000
Revolving Credit Facility | Fixed Rate Note, Due August, 2039 | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate, percentage							6.70%
Proceeds from lines of credit							$ 35,448,000
Line of credit							$ 376,836,000
Revolving Credit Facility | Construction Credit Facility, Due July 204 | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate, percentage							6.80%
Proceeds from lines of credit							$ 5,001,000
Funds available for borrowing							0
Line of credit							$ 138,260,000
Revolving Credit Facility | Construction Credit Facility, Due August 2026 | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate, percentage							9.32%
Proceeds from lines of credit							$ 31,204,000
Line of credit							$ 296,931,000
Revolving Credit Facility | Construction Credit Facility, Due August 2026 | Line of Credit | Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayments of long-term line of credit		$ 86,462,000

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Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax provision (benefit)	$ 0	$ (503)
Effective tax rate, percentage	0.00%	(47.70%)

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Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended
	Aug. 04, 2023	Dec. 31, 2021	Oct. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Liquidated damages up to a maximum amount			$ 89,000
Bright Canyon Corporation
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Consideration transferred, contingent consideration	$ 40,000
Contingent consideration, term	7 years
Plug Smart
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Contingent consideration, liability, revenue earn-outs, payment period (in years)		5 years
Maximum cumulative earn-out		$ 5,000
Contingent consideration, liability				$ 1,465	$ 1,465

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Fair Value Measurement - Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis (Details) - Recurring - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Liabilities:
Total liabilities	$ 6,220	$ 8,106
Level 2 | Interest rate swap instruments
Assets:
Interest rate swap instruments	5,172	3,970
Liabilities:
Liability derivatives	0	629
Level 2 | Make-whole provisions
Liabilities:
Liability derivatives	4,755	6,012
Level 3
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$ 1,465	$ 1,465

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Fair Value Measurement - Changes in Contingent Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Contingent consideration liability balance at the beginning of period	$ 1,465	$ 4,158
Changes in fair value included in earnings	0	347
Payment of contingent consideration	0	(3,040)
Contingent consideration liability balance at the end of period	$ 1,465	$ 1,465

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Fair Value Measurement - Fair Value and Carrying Value of Long-term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt (Level 2)	$ 1,527,006	$ 1,466,458
Carrying Value
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt (Level 2)	$ 1,536,879	$ 1,478,394

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Fair Value Measurement - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Assets, fair value disclosure, nonrecurring	$ 0	$ 0

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Fair Value of Derivative Instruments on the Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments: | Interest rate swap contracts | Other assets
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Asset derivatives	$ 1,752	$ 1,023
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: | Interest rate swap contracts | Other assets
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Asset derivatives	3,420	2,947
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: | Interest rate swap contracts | Other liabilities
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Liability derivatives	0	629
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: | Make-whole provisions | Other liabilities
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Liability derivatives	$ 4,755	$ 6,012

XML

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Additional Information (Details) - derivative_instrument	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Not Designated
Derivative [Line Items]
Number of instruments held	3	3

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Effects on Statements of Income (Loss) and Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Net (Loss) Income	$ (2,359)	$ 163
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments: | Other expenses, net | Interest rate swap contracts
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Net (Loss) Income	(276)	11
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: | Other expenses, net | Interest rate swap contracts
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Net (Loss) Income	(1,102)	458
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: | Other expenses, net | Make-whole provisions
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Net (Loss) Income	$ (1,257)	$ (295)

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Effects of Derivative Instruments in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
AOCI Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 925,886	$ 873,031
Total other comprehensive loss	(623)	(586)
Ending balance	930,163	$ 894,772
Accumulated Gain (Loss), Net, Cash Flow Hedge
AOCI Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	746
Unrealized gain recognized in AOCI	815
Gain reclassified from AOCI to other expenses, net	(276)
Total other comprehensive loss	539
Ending balance	$ 1,285

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Active Derivative Instruments (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Designated | Interest Rate Swap October 2029
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of contract, years	11 years
Fixed interest rate, percentage	5.77%
Initial Notional Amount ($)	$ 9,200,000
Designated | Interest Rate Swap June 2033
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of contract, years	15 years
Fixed interest rate, percentage	5.24%
Initial Notional Amount ($)	$ 10,000,000
Designated | Interest Rate Swap - December 2027
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of contract, years	10 years
Fixed interest rate, percentage	4.74%
Initial Notional Amount ($)	$ 14,100,000
Designated | Interest Rate Swap - June 2028
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of contract, years	8 years
Fixed interest rate, percentage	3.49%
Initial Notional Amount ($)	$ 14,643,000
Designated | Interest Rate Swap - June 2028
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of contract, years	8 years
Fixed interest rate, percentage	3.49%
Initial Notional Amount ($)	$ 10,734,000
Designated | Interest Rate Swap - December 2040
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of contract, years	17 years 9 months
Fixed interest rate, percentage	3.16%
Initial Notional Amount ($)	$ 14,084,000
Not Designated | Interest Rate Swap March 2033
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of contract, years	13 years
Fixed interest rate, percentage	0.72%
Initial Notional Amount ($)	$ 9,505,000
Not Designated | Interest Rate Swap March 2033
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of contract, years	13 years
Fixed interest rate, percentage	0.72%
Initial Notional Amount ($)	$ 6,968,000
Not Designated | Interest Rate Swap - July 2041
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of contract, years	18 years
Fixed interest rate, percentage	3.81%
Initial Notional Amount ($)	$ 32,021,000
Not Designated | Make-whole Provisions December 2038 | Other liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability derivatives, fair value	169,000
Not Designated | Make-whole Provisions April 2031 | Other liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability derivatives, fair value	35,000
Not Designated | Make-whole Provisions February 2034 | Other liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability derivatives, fair value	27,000
Not Designated | Make-whole Provision December 2027 | Other liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability derivatives, fair value	26,000
Not Designated | Make-whole Provision May 2028 | Other liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability derivatives, fair value	2,000
Not Designated | Make-whole Provision April 2045 | Other liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability derivatives, fair value	11,000
Not Designated | Make-whole Provision March 2046 | Other liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability derivatives, fair value	2,085,000
Not Designated | Make-whole Provision March 2042 | Other liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability derivatives, fair value	797,000
Not Designated | Make-whole Provision December 2047 | Other liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability derivatives, fair value	$ 1,603,000

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Variable Interest Entities And Equity Method Investments - Schedule of Variable Interest Entity Financial Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Mar. 31, 2024		Dec. 31, 2023		Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	[1]	$ 77,681		$ 79,271
Accounts receivable, net		146,836	[1]	153,362	[1]	$ 130,940	$ 174,009
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings		652,428	[1]	636,163	[1]	$ 497,762	$ 576,363
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		9,779		10,697
Total current assets	[1]	1,126,472		1,128,471
Property and equipment, net	[1]	17,170		17,395
Energy assets, net	[1]	1,788,569		1,689,424
Operating lease assets	[1]	69,348		58,586
Restricted cash, non-current portion	[1]	12,553		12,094
Other assets	[1]	104,318		89,735
Total assets	[1]	3,803,266		3,713,776
Current liabilities:
Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities	[1]	539,201		322,247
Accounts payable	[1]	437,240		402,752
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	[1]	109,954		108,831
Current portions of operating lease liabilities	[1]	14,220		13,569
Total current liabilities	[1]	1,162,280		901,471
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	[1]	1,011,576		1,170,075
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	[1]	50,710		42,258
Other liabilities	[1]	88,619		82,714
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		8,085		21,879
Accounts receivable, net		4,645		1,977
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings		15,399		14,071
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		3,190		3,782
Total current assets		31,319		41,709
Property and equipment, net		0		267
Energy assets, net		157,162		252,912
Operating lease assets		5,651		17,656
Restricted cash, non-current portion		73		73
Other assets		547		84
Total assets		194,752		312,701
Current liabilities:
Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities		2,180		134,617
Accounts payable		15,346		7,930
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		5,131		23,021
Current portions of operating lease liabilities		233		7,086
Total current liabilities		22,890		172,654
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs		16,754		17,167
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		5,933		8,886
Other liabilities		301		356
Total VIE liabilities		45,878		199,063
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Investment Funds
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		1,556		5,099
Accounts receivable, net		0		0
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings		1,169		662
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		26		33
Total current assets		2,751		5,794
Property and equipment, net		0		0
Energy assets, net		77,768		79,104
Operating lease assets		4,708		4,748
Restricted cash, non-current portion		73		73
Other assets		10		10
Total assets		85,310		89,729
Current liabilities:
Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities		2,180		2,190
Accounts payable		1,406		1,440
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		223		241
Current portions of operating lease liabilities		138		133
Total current liabilities		3,947		4,004
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs		16,754		17,167
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		5,036		5,063
Other liabilities		301		356
Total VIE liabilities		26,038		26,590
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Other VIEs
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		6,529		16,780
Accounts receivable, net		4,645		1,977
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings		14,230		13,409
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		3,164		3,749
Total current assets		28,568		35,915
Property and equipment, net		0		267
Energy assets, net		79,394		173,808
Operating lease assets		943		12,908
Restricted cash, non-current portion		0		0
Other assets		537		74
Total assets		109,442		222,972
Current liabilities:
Current portions of long-term debt and financing lease liabilities		0		132,427
Accounts payable		13,940		6,490
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		4,908		22,780
Current portions of operating lease liabilities		95		6,953
Total current liabilities		18,943		168,650
Long-term debt and financing lease liabilities, net of current portion, unamortized discount and debt issuance costs		0		0
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		897		3,823
Other liabilities		0		0
Total VIE liabilities		$ 19,840		$ 172,473

[1] Includes restricted assets of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $194,752 and $312,701, respectively. Includes liabilities of consolidated VIEs at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $45,878 and 199,063, respectively. See Note 13.

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Variable Interest Entities And Equity Method Investments - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
	Feb. 09, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) equity_investment joint_venture	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Join venture for cash		$ 12,956	$ 0
Number of joint ventures | joint_venture		1
Number of equity method investments disposed of | equity_investment		1
Gain on sale amount		$ 89
Corporate Joint Venture
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Equity method investment ownership percentage disposed of	40.00%
Join venture for cash	$ 28,864

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Variable Interest Entities And Equity Method Investments - Investment in Joint Ventures (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Equity and cost method investments	$ 10,927	$ 18,709

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Earnings Per Share - Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Numerator:
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$ (2,937)	$ 1,102
Adjustment for accretion of tax equity financing fees	(27)	(27)
(Loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$ (2,964)	$ 1,075
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	52,289	51,963
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options (in shares)	0	1,298
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	52,289	53,261
Net (loss) income per share attributable to common shareholders:
Basic (in usd per share)	$ (0.06)	$ 0.02
Diluted (in usd per share)	$ (0.06)	$ 0.02
Potentially dilutive shares (in shares)	2,676	1,901

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Stock-Based Compensation - Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 3,026	$ 4,037

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Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Details) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Non-vested stock options unrecognized compensation expense | $	$ 33,866
2020 Stock Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options granted in period (in shares)	524
Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted-average period	2 years 3 months 18 days
Stock Options | 2020 Stock Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock options, contractual period	10 years
Stock options, vesting period	5 years
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | 2020 Stock Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Awards granted in period (in shares)	93

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Business Segment Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 298,406	$ 271,042
(Gain) loss on derivatives	(2,359)	163
Interest expense, net of interest income	9,072	4,353
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	18,378	13,852
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	15,965	19,897
North America Regions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	138,285	140,542
U.S. Federal
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	60,890	59,556
Europe
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	44,122	19,096
Alternative Fuels
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	32,859	28,339
All Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	22,250	23,509
Operating Segments | North America Regions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	138,285	140,542
(Gain) loss on derivatives	(1,256)	(295)
Interest expense, net of interest income	1,697	1,585
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	8,074	6,453
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	5,593	8,250
Operating Segments | U.S. Federal
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	60,890	59,556
(Gain) loss on derivatives	(795)	(62)
Interest expense, net of interest income	775	298
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	2,016	1,225
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	7,357	5,212
Operating Segments | Europe
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	44,122	19,096
(Gain) loss on derivatives	0	0
Interest expense, net of interest income	918	121
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	496	175
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	(592)	123
Operating Segments | Alternative Fuels
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	32,859	28,339
(Gain) loss on derivatives	(308)	520
Interest expense, net of interest income	5,682	2,351
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	7,196	5,868
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	1,176	3,515
Operating Segments | All Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	22,250	23,509
(Gain) loss on derivatives	0	0
Interest expense, net of interest income	0	(2)
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	596	131
Income before taxes, excluding unallocated corporate activity	2,431	2,797
Unallocated corporate activity
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Unallocated corporate activity	$ (22,143)	$ (18,843)

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Other Expenses, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
(Gain) loss on derivatives	$ (2,359)	$ 163
Interest expense, net of interest income	14,235	7,193
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs	982	790
Foreign currency transaction loss (gain)	1,132	(157)
Government incentives	12	54
Factoring fees	169	0
Other expenses, net	$ 14,171	$ 8,043

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Assets Held For Sale - Additional Information (Details) - Disposal Group, Held-for-Sale, Not Discontinued Operations - Five Energy Asset Projects $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) energy_asset	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Energy asset projects held for sale | energy_asset	5
Assets held for sale	$ 58,748	$ 38,404
Liabilities held for sale	$ 13,097	$ 8,351

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Assets Held For Sale - Assets and Liabilities (Details) - Disposal Group, Held-for-Sale, Not Discontinued Operations - Five Energy Asset Projects - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Other assets	$ 56,755	$ 37,148
Operating lease assets	1,993	1,256
Assets classified as held for sale	58,748	38,404
Accounts payable	10,083	6,019
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	17	14
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	1,015	1,088
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	1,982	1,230
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale	13,097	8,351
North America Regions
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Other assets	19,835	18,895
Operating lease assets	1,250	1,256
Assets classified as held for sale	21,085	20,151
Accounts payable	183	5,418
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	4	14
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	0	0
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	1,252	1,230
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale	1,439	6,662
U.S. Federal
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Other assets	36,920	18,253
Operating lease assets	743	0
Assets classified as held for sale	37,663	18,253
Accounts payable	9,900	601
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	13	0
Billings in excess of cost and estimated earnings	1,015	1,088
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	730	0
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale	$ 11,658	$ 1,689