Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the Company’s annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted. Accordingly, these interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 (the “2015 10-K”).

The condensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2016 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 and the related information contained within the notes to the financial statements are unaudited. The unaudited financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual audited financial statements, and in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2016, the statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 and the statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015. The results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2016, or any other future annual or interim periods.

License Revenue

Revenues from license arrangements are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery of goods or services has occurred including title to the product and associated risk of loss has passed to the customer, the price is fixed or determinable, collection from the customer has been reasonably assured, all performance obligations have been met, and any associated reductions of revenue can be reasonably estimated. The Company licenses certain rights to its product candidates to third parties. Activities under licensing agreements are evaluated to determine if they represent a multiple element arrangement. The Company identifies the deliverables included within the agreement and evaluates which deliverables represent separate units of accounting. The Company accounts for those components as separate units of accounting if the following two criteria are met:


•	the delivered item or items have stand-alone value to the customer; and


•	delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in the control of the Company, and the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s).

Factors considered in this determination include, among other things, whether any other vendors sell the items separately and if the licensee could use the delivered item for its intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining deliverables. The consideration that is fixed or determinable is allocated to the separate units of accounting based on the relative selling prices of each deliverable. The consideration allocated to each unit of accounting is recognized as the related goods and services are delivered. The amount allocable to the delivered units of accounting is limited to the amount that is not contingent upon the delivery of additional items or meeting other specified performance conditions.

The Company determines the selling price on the basis of vendor-specific objective evidence, or VSOE, third party evidence, or best estimate of selling price. VSOE is the price charged for a deliverable when it is sold separately. Third party evidence is the price that the Company or vendors charge for a similar deliverable when sold separately. Best estimate is the price at which the Company would sell the deliverable if the deliverable were sold by the Company regularly on a stand-alone basis.

When multiple deliverables are combined and accounted for as a single unit of accounting, the Company bases its revenue recognition on the last element to be delivered using the straight-line or proportional performance method depending on the Company’s ability to estimate the timing of the delivery of the performance obligation. Amounts received or recorded as receivable prior to satisfying the associated revenue recognition criteria are recorded as deferred revenue in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Amounts not expected to be recognized within one year following the balance sheet date are classified as non-current deferred revenue.

If a future milestone payment under a license agreement is contingent upon the achievement of a substantive milestone, license revenue is recognized in its entirety in the period in which the milestone is achieved. Nonsubstantive milestone payments that are paid based on the passage of time or as a result of the licensee’s performance are allocated to the units of accounting within the arrangement and recognized as revenue when those deliverables are satisfied. A milestone is substantive if:


•	it can only be achieved based in whole or in part on either the Company’s performance or the occurrence of a specific outcome resulting from the Company’s performance;


•	there is substantive uncertainty at the date an arrangement is entered into that the event will be achieved; and


•	it would result in additional payments being due to the Company.

Options are considered substantive if, at the inception of the arrangement, the Company is at risk as to whether the licensee will choose to exercise the option. Factors that the Company considers in evaluating whether an option is substantive include the overall objective of the arrangement, the benefit the licensee might obtain from the arrangement without exercising the option, the cost to exercise the option and the likelihood that the option will be exercised. For arrangements under which an option is considered substantive, the Company does not consider the item underlying the option to be a deliverable at the inception of the arrangement and the associated option fees are not included in allocable arrangement consideration, assuming the option is not priced at a significant and incremental discount. Conversely, for arrangements under which an option is not considered substantive or if an option is priced at a significant and incremental discount, the Company would consider the item underlying the option to be a deliverable at the inception of the arrangement and a corresponding amount would be included in allocable arrangement consideration.

Commercial milestone and royalty payments received under license agreements are recognized as license revenue when they are earned.

Business Combinations

The Company evaluates acquisitions of assets and other similar transactions to assess whether or not the transaction should be accounted for as a business combination by assessing whether or not the Company has acquired inputs and processes that have the ability to create outputs. If determined to be a business combination, the Company accounts for business acquisitions under the acquisition method of accounting as indicated in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations, (“ASC 805”) which requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize the fair value of all assets acquired and liabilities assumed and establishes the acquisition date as the fair value measurement point. Accordingly, the Company recognizes assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, including contingent assets and liabilities, and non-controlling interest in the acquiree based on the fair value estimates as of the date of acquisition. In accordance with ASC 805, the Company recognizes and measures goodwill as of the acquisition date, as the excess of the fair value of the consideration paid over the fair value of the identified net assets acquired.

The consideration for the Company’s business acquisitions includes future payments that are contingent upon the occurrence of a particular event or events. The obligations for such contingent consideration payments are recorded at fair value on the acquisition date. The contingent consideration obligations are then evaluated each reporting period. Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration obligations, other than changes due to payments, are recognized as a gain or loss on fair value remeasurement of contingent consideration in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

In accordance with ASC Topic 350, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”), during the period that an asset is considered indefinite-lived, such as in-process research and development (“IPR&D”), it will not be amortized. Acquired IPR&D represents the fair value assigned to research and development assets that have not reached technological feasibility. The value assigned to acquired IPR&D is determined by estimating the costs to develop the acquired technology into commercially viable products, estimating the resulting revenue from the projects, and discounting the net cash flows to present value. The revenue and costs projections used to value acquired IPR&D are, as applicable, reduced based on the probability of success of developing a new drug. Additionally, the projections consider the relevant market sizes and growth factors, expected trends in technology, and the nature and expected timing of new product introductions by the Company and its competitors. The rates utilized to discount the net cash flows to their present value are commensurate with the stage of development of the

projects and uncertainties in the economic estimates used in the projections. Upon the acquisition of IPR&D, the Company completes an assessment of whether its acquisition constitutes the purchase of a single asset or a group of assets. Multiple factors are considered in this assessment, including the nature of the technology acquired, the presence or absence of separate cash flows, the development process and stage of completion, quantitative significance and the rationale for entering into the transaction. Indefinite-lived assets are maintained on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet until either the project underlying it is completed or the asset becomes impaired. Indefinite-lived assets are tested for impairment on an annual basis, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the reduction in the fair value of the IPR&D asset is below its respective carrying amount. If the Company determines that an impairment has occurred, a write-down of the carrying value and an impairment charge to operating expenses in the period the determination is made is recorded. When development of an

IPR&D asset is complete the associated asset would be deemed finite-lived and would then be amortized based on its respective estimated useful life at that point.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible net

assets when accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Goodwill is not amortized, but is reviewed for impairment. The Company tests its goodwill for impairment annually, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred, by comparing its carrying value to its implied fair value in accordance with ASC 350. Impairment may result from, among other things, deterioration in the performance of the acquired asset, adverse market conditions, adverse changes in applicable laws or regulations and a variety of other circumstances. If the Company determines that an impairment has occurred, a write-down of the carrying value and an impairment charge to operating expenses in the period the determination is made is recorded. In evaluating the carrying value of goodwill, the Company must make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors to determine the fair value of the acquired assets. Changes in strategy or market conditions could significantly impact those judgments in the future and require an adjustment to the recorded balances.

Net Income (loss) per share

Net income (loss) per share

Basic net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for common stock equivalents. Diluted net income (loss) per share is calculated by adjusting weighted average shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents outstanding for the period, determined using the treasury-stock method. For purposes of the diluted net income (loss) per share calculation, stock options, unvested restricted stock, restricted stock units and warrants are considered to be common stock equivalents.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In the second quarter of 2014, the FASB issued guidance applicable to revenue recognition that will be effective for the Company for the year ending December 31, 2018. The new guidance must be adopted using either a full retrospective approach for all periods presented or a modified retrospective approach. Earlier application is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The new guidance applies a more principles-based approach to recognizing revenue. The Company is evaluating the new guidance and the expected effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In August 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-15, Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) (“ASU 2014-15”). ASU 2014-15 requires management of all entities to evaluate whether there are conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statements are issued (or available to be issued when applicable). The guidance is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2016 and for interim periods after that fiscal year. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements, but may require further disclosure in its financial statements once adopted.

In November 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update No. 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (“ASU 2015-17”). ASU 2015-17 requires companies to classify all deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent on the balance sheet instead of separating deferred taxes into current and noncurrent amounts. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. The guidance may be adopted on either a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASU 2016-02"). ASU 2016-02 addresses the financial reporting of leasing transactions. Under current guidance for lessees, leases are only included on the balance sheet if certain criteria, classifying the agreement as a capital lease, are met. This update will require the recognition of a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability, discounted to the present value, for all leases that extend beyond 12 months. For operating leases, the asset and liability will be expensed over the lease term on a straight-line basis, with all cash flows included in the operating section of the statement of cash flows. For finance leases, interest on the lease liability will be recognized separately from the amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statement of operations and the repayment of the principal portion of the lease liability will be classified as a financing activity while the interest component will be included in the operating section of the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company has not yet completed the analysis of how adopting this guidance will affect its financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting ("ASU 2016-09"). ASU 2016-09 simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. Some of the areas of simplification apply only to nonpublic entities. For public business entities, the amendments in ASU 2016-09 are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted for any entity in any interim or annual period for which financial statements haven’t been issued or made available for issuance. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments must be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. An entity that elects early adoption must adopt all of the amendments in the same period. The Company has not yet completed the analysis of how adopting this guidance will affect its financial statements.

- Definition

Disclosure of accounting policy for revenue recognition. If the entity has different policies for different types of revenue transactions, the policy for each material type of transaction is generally disclosed. If a sales transaction has multiple element arrangements (for example, delivery of multiple products, services or the rights to use assets) the disclosure may indicate the accounting policy for each unit of accounting as well as how units of accounting are determined and valued. The disclosure may encompass important judgment as to appropriateness of principles related to recognition of revenue. The disclosure also may indicate the entity's treatment of any unearned or deferred revenue that arises from the transaction.

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