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Segments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Reconciliation of Revenues and Income from Segments to Consolidated Asset information by segment is not presented, as this measure is not used by the chief operating decision maker to assess the Company’s performance. The Company’s reportable segment information is presented below:
Year Ended December 31,
(in millions)202220212020
Revenues
Technology & Analytics Solutions$5,746 $5,534 $4,858 
Research & Development Solutions7,921 7,556 5,760 
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions743 784 741 
Total revenues14,410 13,874 11,359 
Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization
Technology & Analytics Solutions3,348 3,278 2,900 
Research & Development Solutions5,395 5,303 3,974 
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions639 652 626 
Total cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization9,382 9,233 7,500 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Technology & Analytics Solutions848 798 742 
Research & Development Solutions831 777 738 
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions62 57 58 
General corporate and unallocated330 332 251 
Total selling, general and administrative expenses2,071 1,964 1,789 
Segment profit
Technology & Analytics Solutions1,550 1,458 1,216 
Research & Development Solutions1,695 1,476 1,048 
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions42 75 57 
Total segment profit3,287 3,009 2,321 
General corporate and unallocated(330)(332)(251)
Depreciation and amortization(1,130)(1,264)(1,287)
Restructuring costs(28)(20)(52)
Total income from operations$1,799 $1,393 $731