424B5 1 d46933d424b5.htm PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT Prospectus Supplement
Table of Contents

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-206786

 

Prospectus Supplement

(To Prospectus dated October 26, 2015)

 

LOGO

6,114,013 Class B Warrants to purchase 3,057,007 Shares of Common Stock

6,880,333 Shares of Common Stock issuable upon the

exercise of 6,880,333 outstanding Class A Warrants

3,057,007 Shares of Common Stock issuable upon the

exercise of 6,114,013 Class B Warrants

206,410 Shares of Common Stock issuable upon the

exercise of the Representative’s Warrant

 

 

This prospectus supplement to the prospectus dated October 26, 2015 relates to (i) 6,114,013 Class B warrants (the “Class B Warrants”) to purchase one-half share of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “common stock”), originally issued on July 28, 2014, (ii) 6,880,333 shares of common stock (the “Class A Warrant Shares”) issuable upon the exercise of 6,880,333 Class A warrants (the “Class A Warrants”) to purchase one share of common stock originally issued on July 28, 2014, (iii) 3,057,007 shares of common stock (the “Class B Warrant Shares”) issuable upon the exercise of 6,114,013 Class B Warrants and (iv) 206,410 shares of common stock (the “Representative’s Warrant Shares” and, together with the Class A Warrant Shares and the Class B Warrant Shares, the “Shares”) issuable upon the exercise of the Representative’s Warrant (the “Representative’s Warrant” and, together with the Class A Warrants and the Class B Warrants, the “Warrants”) originally issued on August 27, 2014, in each case pursuant to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-206786), as amended (the “Shelf Registration Statement”), which was initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on September 4, 2015.

Each Class B Warrant is exercisable for one-half share of common stock. The Class B Warrants are exercisable at an exercise price of $4.00 per full share on or before November 2, 2015. The Class A Warrants are exercisable at an exercise price of $4.80 per share on or before February 1, 2017. The Representative’s Warrant is exercisable at an exercise price of $7.50 per share on or before July 28, 2019. The shares of our common stock, the Class A Warrants and the Class B Warrants are listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbols “CFRX,” “CFRXW” and “CFRXZ”, respectively. The last reported sale price of our common stock, the Class A Warrants and the Class B Warrants on the NASDAQ Capital Market on October 27, 2015 was $4.11 per share, $1.65 per Class A Warrant and $0.05 per Class B Warrant, respectively.

You should read this prospectus supplement in conjunction with the accompanying prospectus, including any supplements and amendments thereto. This prospectus supplement is qualified by reference to the accompanying prospectus except to the extent that the information in this prospectus supplement supersedes the information contained in the accompanying prospectus. This prospectus supplement is not complete without, and may not be delivered or utilized except in connection with, the accompanying prospectus, including any supplements and amendments thereto.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as that term is used in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, and have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements in this and future filings.

 

 

Investing in our common stock involves risks. See the information under the captions “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-4 of this prospectus supplement and on page 5 of the accompanying prospectus, as well as the information under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2015 and the quarterly period ended June 30, 2015, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. You should also read carefully and consider any additional risk factors included in documents that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus prior to completion of this offering.

 

 

Neither the SEC nor any state or other securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The date of this prospectus supplement is October 27, 2015.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  
Prospectus Supplement   

About this Prospectus Supplement

     S-ii   

Available Information

     S-iii   

Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference

     S-iv   

Forward-Looking Statements

     S-v   

Summary

     S-1   

The Offering

     S-2   

Risk Factors

     S-4   

Use of Proceeds

     S-5   

Dilution

     S-6   

Description of Securities

     S-8   

Legal Matters

     S-11   

Experts

     S-11   

 

Prospectus   

About This Prospectus

     1   

Available Information

     2   

Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference

     3   

Forward-Looking Statements

     4   

Risk Factors

     5   

ContraFect Corporation

     6   

Description of Securities We May Offer

     7   

Description of Capital Stock

     8   

Description of Debt Securities and Guarantees

     10   

Description of Warrants

     22   

Description of Rights

     24   

Description of Units

     25   

Use of Proceeds

     26   

Dilution

     27   

Plan of Distribution

     28   

Legal Matters

     31   

Experts

     31   


Table of Contents

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are part of a registration statement on Form S-3, as amended (the “Shelf Registration Statement”), that we have filed with the SEC using a “shelf” registration process pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Under the Shelf Registration Statement, we may, from time to time, sell any combination of the securities described in the prospectus in one or more offerings in amounts that we will determine from time to time. This prospectus supplement includes the specific details regarding this offering.

This prospectus supplement may add, update or change information contained in or incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus. If the information in this prospectus supplement is inconsistent with any information contained in or incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus, the information in this prospectus supplement will apply and will supersede the inconsistent information contained in or incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus. We urge you to read carefully this prospectus supplement, and any related free writing prospectus, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” before buying any of the securities being offered.

It is important for you to read and consider all information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus before making your investment decision. You should also read and consider the additional information incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. See “Available Information” in this prospectus supplement.

Neither the delivery of this prospectus supplement nor any sale made under it implies that there has been no change in our affairs or that the information in this prospectus supplement is correct as of any date after the date of this prospectus supplement. You should assume that the information in this prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front of the document and that any information we have incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus, or any sale of a security.

The registration statement containing this prospectus supplement, including exhibits to the registration statement, provides additional information about us and the securities offered under this prospectus supplement. We have filed and plan to continue to file other documents with the SEC that contain information about us and our business. Also, we may file legal documents that control the terms of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement as exhibits to the reports that we file with the SEC. The registration statement and other reports can be read at the SEC Internet site or at the SEC offices mentioned under the heading “Available Information.”

This prospectus supplement contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under “Available Information.”

 

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AVAILABLE INFORMATION

We have filed the Shelf Registration Statement with the SEC with respect to the securities covered by this prospectus supplement. This prospectus supplement, which is a part of such Shelf Registration Statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the Shelf Registration Statement or the exhibits and schedules filed therewith. For further information with respect to us and the securities covered by this prospectus supplement, please see the Shelf Registration Statement and the exhibits filed with it. A copy of the Shelf Registration Statement and the exhibits filed therewith may be inspected without charge at the Public Reference Room maintained by the SEC, located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information about the operation of the Public Reference Room. The SEC also maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the website is http://www.sec.gov.

We are subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), and, in accordance therewith, we file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Such periodic reports, proxy statements and other information are available for inspection and copying at the Public Reference Room and website of the SEC referred to above. We maintain a website at http://www.contrafect.com. You may access our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act with the SEC free of charge at our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Our website and the information contained on that site, or connected to that site, are not incorporated into and are not a part of this prospectus supplement.

 

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC’s rules allow us to incorporate by reference information into this prospectus supplement. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document. Any information referred to in this way is considered part of this prospectus supplement from the date we file that document. Any reports filed by us with the SEC after the date of this prospectus supplement and before the date that the offering of the securities by means of this prospectus supplement is terminated will automatically update and, where applicable, supersede any information contained in this prospectus supplement or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

We incorporate by reference into this prospectus supplement the following documents or information filed with the SEC (other than, in each case, documents or information deemed to have been furnished and not filed in accordance with SEC rules):

 

    Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, filed on March 26, 2015;

 

    The information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 from our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A (other than information furnished rather than filed), filed on March 26, 2015;

 

    Our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015, filed on May 14, 2015, and for the quarter ended June 30, 2015, filed on August 13, 2015;

 

    Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 15, 2015, May 22, 2015, June 12, 2015, June 17, 2015, August 13, 2015, August 17, 2015, September 8, 2015 and September 17, 2015; and

 

    The description of our common stock contained in the Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on July 28, 2014.

Additionally, all documents filed by us with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, on or after the date of this prospectus supplement and before the termination or completion of any offering hereunder, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus from the respective dates of filing of such documents, except that we do not incorporate any document or portion of a document that is “furnished” to the SEC, but not deemed “filed.” Any information that we subsequently file with the SEC that is incorporated by reference as described above will automatically update and supersede any previous information that is part of this prospectus.

We will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus supplement is delivered, upon his or her written or oral request, a copy of any or all documents referred to above which have been or may be incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement, excluding exhibits to those documents unless they are specifically incorporated by reference into those documents. Written or telephone requests should be directed to ContraFect Corporation, Attn: General Counsel, 28 Wells Avenue, 3rd Floor, Yonkers, NY 10701; telephone +1 (914) 207-2300.

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus supplement, including the documents we incorporate by reference into it, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Such statements include, without limitation, statements regarding our expectations, hopes or intentions regarding the future. These forward looking statements can often be identified by their use of words such as “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “outlook,” “could,” “target,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “estimate,” “should,” “may” and “assume,” as well as variations of such words and similar expressions referring to the future.

Forward-looking statements involve certain risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. If any of those risks and uncertainties materialize, actual results could differ materially from those discussed in any such forward-looking statement. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in forward-looking statements are those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” below, those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” and in other sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and any subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, as well as in our other reports filed from time to time with the SEC that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. See “Available Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” for information about how to obtain copies of those documents.

All forward-looking statements in this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference into it are made only as of the date of the document in which they are contained, based on information available to us as of the date of that document, and we caution you not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements in light of the risks and uncertainties associated with them. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

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SUMMARY

This summary highlights information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. You should carefully read this entire prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the information referred to under the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement and the financial statements and documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and in the accompanying prospectus (including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2015 and June 30, 2015) before making an investment decision. See “Available Information.” When used in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, the terms “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to ContraFect Corporation, a Delaware corporation, unless otherwise specified or unless the context requires otherwise.

CONTRAFECT CORPORATION

We are a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on discovering and developing therapeutic protein and antibody products for life-threatening, drug-resistant infectious diseases, particularly those treated in hospital settings. Drug-resistant infections account for two million illnesses in the United States and 700,000 deaths worldwide each year. We intend to address drug-resistant infections using our therapeutic product candidates from our lysin and monoclonal antibody platforms to target conserved regions of either bacteria or viruses. Lysins are enzymes that are produced in the life cycle stage of a bacteriophage, a virus that infects and kills bacteria. Lysins digest bacterial cell walls and are fundamentally different than antibiotics because they kill bacteria immediately upon contact. We believe the properties of our lysins make them suitable for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant organisms that can cause serious infections such as Staph aureus bacteremia, pneumonia and osteomyelitis, and the treatment of biofilm-related indications for infected prosthetic joints, indwelling devices and catheters. In addition to our lysins, we are exploring therapies using mAbs that block and disarm virulence factors of bacteria and viruses, rendering them vulnerable to the body’s natural immune response.

We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in March 2008. Our principal executive offices are located at 28 Wells Avenue, 3rd Floor, Yonkers, NY 10701, and our telephone number is (914) 207-2300. Our website address is www.contrafect.com. The information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider any information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website as part of this prospectus or in deciding whether to purchase our securities.

 



 

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THE OFFERING

 

Securities offered hereby

This prospectus supplement relates to:

 

    6,114,013 Class B warrants (the “Class B Warrants”) to purchase one-half share of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “common stock”);

 

    6,880,333 shares of common stock (the “Class A Warrant Shares”) issuable upon the exercise of 6,880,333 outstanding Class A warrants (the “Class A Warrants”) to purchase one share of common stock;

 

    3,057,007 shares of common stock (the “Class B Warrant Shares”) issuable upon the exercise of the 6,114,013 Class B Warrants; and

 

    206,410 shares of common stock (the “Representative’s Warrant Shares” and, together with the Class A Warrant Shares and the Class B Warrant Shares, the “Shares”) issuable upon the exercise of the Representative’s Warrant (the “Representative’s Warrant” and, together with the Class A Warrants and the Class B Warrants, the “Warrants”) that we issued on August 27, 2014.

 

Common stock to be outstanding before this offering

25,459,690 shares

 

Common stock to be outstanding after this offering

35,603,438 shares (assumes that all Warrants are exercised)

 

Class B Warrants to be outstanding before and after this offering

6,114,013 Class B Warrants (subject to expiration on November 2, 2015, unless extended by the Company)

 

Terms of the Class B Warrants

The exercise price of the Class B Warrants is $4.00 per full share of common stock.

 

  Each Class B Warrant is exercisable for one-half share of common stock, subject to adjustment as described therein. A holder may not exercise any portion of a Class B Warrant to the extent that the holder, together with its affiliates and any other person or entity acting as a group, would own more than 4.99% of our outstanding common stock after exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the Class B Warrants, except that upon at least 61 days’ notice from the holder to us, the holder may waive such limitation.

 

 

Each Class B Warrant became exercisable immediately following the closing of our initial public offering on August 1, 2014 and was initially set to expire on October 31, 2015. On October 9, 2015, by notice to the registered holders of the Class B Warrants through their designated intermediary, we delayed the expiration date applicable to the Class B Warrants from October 31, 2015 to November 2, 2015.

 



 

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The terms of the Class B Warrants are governed by the Class B Warrant Agreement, dated July 28, 2014, between us and the American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as warrant agent (in such capacity, the “Class B Warrant Agent”). See “Description of Securities—Class A Warrants and Class B Warrants.”

 

Redemption of the Class B Warrants

We may not call the Class B Warrants for redemption.

 

Use of proceeds

Assuming full exercise of all Warrants, we will receive gross proceeds of approximately $46.8 million. We currently intend to use such proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds”.

 

NASDAQ Capital Market symbols for the
shares of common stock, Class A Warrants
and Class B Warrants

CFRX, CFRXW and CFRXZ

 

Risk Factors

See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-4 of this prospectus supplement, page 5 of the accompanying prospectus, page 27 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, page 23 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2015, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and page 25 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2015, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and other information included in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus for a discussion of factors that you should consider carefully before deciding to invest in the offered securities.

The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 25,459,690 shares of our common stock outstanding as of the date of this prospectus supplement.

The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering excludes:

 

    4,094,540 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding as of the date of this prospectus supplement at a weighted average exercise price of $4.93 per share;

 

    6,416,363 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants outstanding as of the date of this prospectus supplement (excluding the Warrants) at a weighted average exercise price of $5.17 per share; and

 

    an additional 249,680 shares of our common stock that are available for future issuance under our 2014 equity compensation plan.

Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes no exercise of the outstanding options or warrants described above.

 



 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our common stock involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-4 of this prospectus supplement, page 5 of the accompanying prospectus, page 27 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, page 23 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2015, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and page 25 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2015, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. You should also read carefully and consider any additional risk factors included in documents that we file with the SEC that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus prior to completion of this offering.

The Class B Warrants included in this offering may not have any value.

The Class A Warrants, the Class B Warrants and the Representative’s Warrant will expire on February 1, 2017, November 2, 2015 and July 28, 2019, respectively. In the event our common stock price does not exceed the exercise price of the Warrants during the period in which the Warrants are exercisable, the Warrants may not have any value.

Investors receiving shares of common stock upon exercise of the Warrants will incur immediate and substantial dilution.

Investors receiving shares of common stock upon exercise of the Warrants will incur immediate and substantial dilution in net tangible book value per share. Given the Class A Warrant exercise price of $4.80 per share, investors receiving shares of common stock upon exercise of the Class A Warrants will effectively incur dilution of $2.51 per share in the net tangible book value of their purchased shares of our common stock, assuming full exercise of all outstanding Warrants. Given the Class B Warrant exercise price of $4.00 per full share, investors receiving shares of common stock upon exercise of the Class B Warrants will effectively incur dilution of $1.71 per share in the net tangible book value of their purchased shares of our common stock, assuming full exercise of all outstanding Warrants. Given the Representative’s Warrant exercise price of $7.50 per share, investors receiving shares of common stock upon exercise of the Representative’s Warrant will effectively incur dilution of $5.21 per share in the net tangible book value of their purchased shares of our common stock, assuming full exercise of all outstanding Warrants. Investors may experience further dilution to the extent that shares of our common stock are issued upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

Assuming full exercise of all Warrants, we will receive gross proceeds of approximately $46.8 million. We currently intend to use such proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes. The amount and timing of our actual use of proceeds may vary significantly depending upon numerous factors, including the actual amount of proceeds we receive and the timing of when we receive such proceeds.

 

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DILUTION

Upon exercise of the Warrants, a Warrant holder’s ownership interest in our common stock will be diluted immediately to the extent of the difference between the exercise price per Warrant and the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our common stock at the time of exercise of such Warrant.

Our historical net tangible book value as of June 30, 2015 was $33.1 million, or $1.32 per share of our common stock. Historical net tangible book value per share represents the amount of our total tangible assets less total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding.

Our pro forma net tangible book value as of June 30, 2015 was $81.4 million, or $2.29 per share of our common stock. Pro forma net tangible book value per share represents the amount of our total tangible assets less our total liabilities, divided by the pro forma number of shares of our common stock outstanding after giving effect to the issuance of 10,523,709 shares of common stock issuable upon the full exercise of all Warrants.

After giving effect to the exercise of all Warrants, our pro forma net tangible book value as of June 30, 2015 would have been $81.4 million, or $2.29 per share. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share of $0.97 to existing stockholders and immediate dilution of $2.51, $1.71 and $5.21 in pro forma net tangible book value per share to new investors receiving shares of common stock following exercise of the Class A Warrants, the Class B Warrants and the Representative’s Warrant, respectively. These effects on pro forma net tangible book values assume that the common stock issued following exercise of the Warrants will be accounted for as part of stockholders’ equity. Dilution per share to new investors is determined by subtracting pro forma net tangible book value per share after this offering from the exercise price per Warrant paid by new investors. The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis:

 

Class A Warrant exercise price per share

      $ 4.80   

Class B Warrant exercise price per full share

      $ 4.00   

Representative’s Warrant exercise price per share

      $ 7.50   

Historical net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2015

   $ 1.32      

Increase attributable to the pro forma transactions described in preceding paragraphs

   $ 0.97      
  

 

 

    

Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2015

   $ 2.29      

Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors

   $ 0.97      
  

 

 

    

Pro forma net tangible book value per share after this offering

      $ 2.29   
     

 

 

 

Dilution per share to new Class A Warrant investors

      $ 2.51   

Dilution per share to new Class B Warrant investors

      $ 1.71   

Dilution per share to new Representative’s Warrant investors

      $ 5.21   
     

 

 

 

You will experience further dilution if any additional shares are issued in connection with the exercise of options and if other outstanding warrants are exercised.

 

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The following table summarizes, on a pro forma basis as of June 30, 2015, the total number of shares of common stock purchased from us, the total consideration paid, or to be paid, and the average price per share paid, or to be paid, by existing stockholders and by new investors in this offering at a Class A Warrant exercise price of $4.80 per share, a Class B Warrant exercise price of $4.00 per B full share and a Representative’s Warrant exercise price of $7.50 per share. As the table shows, certain of the new investors purchasing our common stock will pay an average price per share substantially higher than our existing stockholders paid.

 

     Shares/Units Purchased     Total Consideration     Average Price
Per

Share/Unit
 
     Number      Percentage     Amount      Percentage    

Existing stockholders

     25,079,729         70 %   $ 120,907,460         71 %   $ 4.82   

New Class A Warrant investors

     6,880,333         19 %     33,025,598         20 %     4.80   

New Class B Warrant investors

     3,436,966         10     13,747,864         8     4.00   

New Representative’s Warrant investors

     206,410         1     1,548,075         1     7.50   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total

     35,603,438         100 %   $ 168,228,997         100 %  
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

The table above is based on shares outstanding as of June 30, 2015 and includes the issuance of 10,523,709 shares of common stock issuable upon the full exercise of all outstanding Warrants.

The table above excludes:

 

    4,094,540 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding as of the date of this prospectus supplement at a weighted average exercise price of $4.93 per share;

 

    6,416,363 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants outstanding as of the date of this prospectus supplement (excluding the Warrants) at a weighted average exercise price of $5.17 per share; and

 

    an additional 249,680 shares of our common stock that are available for future issuance under our 2014 equity compensation plan.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

The following description of our securities and of provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated by-laws are summaries only and are qualified by reference to our certificate of incorporation and the by-laws. We have filed copies of these documents with the SEC as exhibits to the Shelf Registration Statement of which this prospectus supplement forms a part.

Common Stock

Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders and do not have cumulative voting rights. An election of directors by our stockholders shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast by the stockholders entitled to vote on the election. Any matter other than the election of directors shall be determined by a majority of the votes cast. Holders of common stock are entitled to receive proportionately any dividends as may be declared by our board of directors, subject to any preferential dividend rights of outstanding preferred stock.

In the event of our liquidation or dissolution, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive proportionately all assets available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all debts and other liabilities and subject to the prior rights of any outstanding preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common stock are subject to and may be adversely affected by the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.

Class A Warrants and Class B Warrants

The Class A Warrants entitle the registered holder to purchase one share of our common stock at a price equal to $4.80, subject to adjustment as discussed below, on or before February 1, 2017. We may, in our sole discretion, further extend the duration of the Class A Warrants by delaying the expiration date upon not less than 20 days’ notice to registered holders of the Class A Warrants. Each Class A Warrant is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “CFRXW.”

We may redeem the outstanding Class A Warrants without the consent of any third party:

 

    in whole and not in part;

 

    at a price of $0.01 per Class A Warrants, so long as a registration statement relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the Class A Warrants is effective and current;

 

    upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption; and

 

    if, and only if, the last reported sale price of a share of our common stock equals or exceeds 200% of the Class A Warrant exercise price (subject to adjustment for splits, dividends, recapitalization and other similar events) for any 20 trading days within a 30 consecutive trading day period ending three business days before we send the notice of redemption to the holders of Class A Warrants.

If the foregoing conditions are satisfied and we call the Class A Warrants for redemption, each holder of Class A Warrants will then be entitled to exercise his, her or its Class A Warrants prior to the date scheduled for redemption. However, there can be no assurance that the price of the common stock will exceed the Class A Warrants exercise price after the redemption call is made.

The Class B Warrants entitle the registered holder to purchase one-half share of our common stock at a price equal to $4.00 per full share, subject to adjustment as discussed below, on or before November 2, 2015. Each Class B Warrant is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “CFRXZ”.

 

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We may not call the Class B Warrants for redemption.

The terms of the Class A Warrants are governed by the Class A Warrant Agreement, dated July 28, 2014, between us and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as warrant agent (in such capacity, the “Class A Warrant Agent” and, together with the Class B Warrant Agent, the “Warrant Agent”). The terms of the Class B Warrants are governed by the Class B Warrant Agreement, dated July 28, 2014, between us and the Class B Warrant Agent. Certain provisions of the Class A Warrants and the Class B Warrants are set forth herein but are only a summary and are qualified in their entirety by the relevant provisions of the Class A Warrant Agreement and the Class B Warrant Agreement, respectively, the forms of which have been filed as exhibits to the Shelf Registration Statement, and evidenced by warrant certificates, the forms of which have been filed as exhibits to the Shelf Registration Statement, and which have been incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.

The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances, including in the event of a stock dividend or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the Warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of common stock at prices below their respective exercise prices.

The Warrants may be exercised upon surrender of the applicable Warrant Certificate on or prior to the applicable expiration date at the offices of the Warrant Agent, with the exercise form on the reverse side of the Warrant Certificate completed and executed as indicated, accompanied by full payment of the exercise price, by certified or official bank check payable to us, for the number of Warrants being exercised. Under the terms of the applicable Warrant Agreement, we have agreed to use our reasonable best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of a shelf registration statement and related prospectus relating to common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants until the expiration of the Warrants. The Warrant holders do not have the rights or privileges of holders of common stock or any voting rights until they exercise their Warrants and receive shares of common stock. After the issuance of shares of common stock upon exercise of the Warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by stockholders.

A holder may not exercise any portion of a Warrant to the extent that the holder, together with its affiliates and any other person or entity acting as a group, would own more than 4.99% of our outstanding common stock after exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the Warrant, except that upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to us, the holder may waive such limitation.

No fractional shares of common stock will be issued upon exercise of the Warrants. If, upon exercise of the Warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we will, upon exercise, round up to the nearest whole number of shares of common stock to be issued to the Warrant holder. If multiple Warrants are exercised by the holder at the same time, we will aggregate the number of whole shares issuable upon exercise of all the Warrants.

Representative’s Warrant

The Representative’s Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of our common stock at a price equal to $7.50 per share, subject to adjustment as discussed below, on or before July 28, 2019. The Representative’s Warrant is not redeemable by us and allows for “cashless” exercise. The Representative’s Warrant also provides for unlimited “piggyback” registration rights with respect to the underlying shares during the term of the warrant. The Representative’s Warrant contains anti-dilution terms that allow the Warrant holder to receive more shares or exercise at a lower price than originally agreed to upon at the time of the offering, provided that the public stockholders of the Company are proportionally affected by a stock split, stock dividend or other similar event. The Representative’s Warrant does not provide for the accrual of cash dividends prior to the exercise or conversion of the Representative’s Warrant.

 

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The terms of the Representative’s Warrant are governed by the Representative’s Warrant, dated August 27, 2014, which has been filed as an exhibit to the Shelf Registration Statement and incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Certain provisions of the Representative’s Warrant are set forth herein but are only a summary and are qualified in their entirety by the relevant provisions of the Representative’s Warrant.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC.

Warrant Agent

The warrant agent for the Class A Warrants and the Class B Warrants is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon by Shearman & Sterling LLP.

EXPERTS

Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, as set forth in their report, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Our financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young LLP’s report, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

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Prospectus

 

LOGO

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Debt Securities

Guarantees of Debt Securities

Warrants

Rights

Units

 

 

We may offer and sell from time to time common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, rights and units that include any of these securities. The preferred stock or warrants may be convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common or preferred stock or other of our securities. The debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for common stock. This prospectus also covers guarantees, if any, of our obligations under any debt securities, which may be given by one or more of our subsidiaries in the future. The shares of our common stock, Class A Warrants and Class B Warrants are listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbols “CFRX,” “CFRXW” and “CFRXZ,” respectively.

We may offer and sell these securities to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly to purchasers, on a continuous or delayed basis.

This prospectus describes some of the general terms that may apply to these securities and the general manner in which they may be offered. The specific terms of any securities to be offered, and the specific manner in which they may be offered, will be described in a supplement to this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and each applicable prospectus supplement carefully before you invest.

 

 

See the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus on page 5, our filings with the SEC and the applicable prospectus supplement for certain risks that you should consider before investing in our securities.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities nor passed upon the accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

The date of this prospectus is October 26, 2015.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

About This Prospectus

     1   

Available Information

     2   

Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference

     3   

Forward-Looking Statements

     4   

Risk Factors

     5   

ContraFect Corporation

     6   

Description of Securities We May Offer

     7   

Description of Capital Stock

     8   

Description of Debt Securities and Guarantees

     10   

Description of Warrants

     22   

Description of Rights

     24   

Description of Units

     25   

Use of Proceeds

     26   

Dilution

     27   

Plan of Distribution

     28   

Legal Matters

     31   

Experts

     31   

 

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This document is called a prospectus and is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) using a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may, from time to time, sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings in amounts that we will determine from time to time.

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer a type or series of securities described in this prospectus we will provide a prospectus supplement, incorporate information by reference into this prospectus, or use other offering material, as applicable, containing more specific information about the terms of the securities that are being offered. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings and securities. This prospectus, together with applicable prospectus supplements, any information incorporated by reference, and any related free writing prospectuses we file with the SEC, includes all material information relating to these offerings and securities. We may also add, update or change in the prospectus supplement any of the information contained in this prospectus or in the documents that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including without limitation, a discussion of any risk factors or other special considerations that apply to these offerings or securities or the specific plan of distribution. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and a prospectus supplement or information incorporated by reference having a later date, you should rely on the information in that prospectus supplement or incorporated information having a later date. We urge you to read carefully this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” before buying any of the securities being offered.

You should rely only on the information we have provided or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus.

Neither the delivery of this prospectus nor any sale made under it implies that there has been no change in our affairs or that the information in this prospectus is correct as of any date after the date of this prospectus. You should assume that the information in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front of the document and that any information we have incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus, or any sale of a security.

The registration statement containing this prospectus, including exhibits to the registration statement, provides additional information about us and the securities offered under this prospectus and any prospectus supplement. We have filed and plan to continue to file other documents with the SEC that contain information about us and our business. Also, we will file legal documents that control the terms of the securities offered by this prospectus as exhibits to the reports that we file with the SEC. The registration statement and other reports can be read at the SEC Internet site or at the SEC offices mentioned under the heading “Available Information.”

This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under “Available Information.”

 

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AVAILABLE INFORMATION

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”), with respect to the securities covered by this prospectus. This prospectus, which is a part of such registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits and schedules filed therewith. For further information with respect to us and the securities covered by this prospectus, please see the registration statement and the exhibits filed with the registration statement. A copy of the registration statement and the exhibits filed with the registration statement may be inspected without charge at the Public Reference Room maintained by the SEC, located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information about the operation of the Public Reference Room. The SEC also maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the website is http://www.sec.gov.

We are subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), and, in accordance therewith, we file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Such periodic reports, proxy statements and other information are available for inspection and copying at the Public Reference Room and website of the SEC referred to above. We maintain a website at http://www.contrafect.com. You may access our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act with the SEC free of charge at our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Our website and the information contained on that site, or connected to that site, are not incorporated into and are not a part of this prospectus.

 

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC’s rules allow us to incorporate by reference information into this prospectus. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document. Any information referred to in this way is considered part of this prospectus from the date we file that document. Any reports filed by us with the SEC after the date of this prospectus and before the date that the offering of the securities by means of this prospectus is terminated will automatically update and, where applicable, supersede any information contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the following documents or information filed with the SEC (other than, in each case, documents or information deemed to have been furnished and not filed in accordance with SEC rules):

 

    Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014;

 

    The information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 from our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A (other than information furnished rather than filed), which was filed on March 26, 2015;

 

    Our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015 filed on May 14, 2015 and for the quarter ended June 30, 2015 filed on August 13, 2015;

 

    Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 15, 2015, May 22, 2015, June 12, 2015, June 17, 2015, August 13, 2015 and August 17, 2015; and

 

    The description of our common stock contained in the Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on July 28, 2014.

Additionally, all documents filed by us with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, after (i) the date of the initial registration statement and prior to effectiveness of the registration statement, and (ii) the date of this prospectus and before the termination or completion of any offering hereunder, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus from the respective dates of filing of such documents, except that we do not incorporate any document or portion of a document that is “furnished” to the SEC, but not deemed “filed.” Any information that we subsequently file with the SEC that is incorporated by reference as described above will automatically update and supersede any previous information that is part of this prospectus.

We will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus is delivered, upon his or her written or oral request, a copy of any or all documents referred to above which have been or may be incorporated by reference into this prospectus excluding exhibits to those documents unless they are specifically incorporated by reference into those documents. Written or telephone requests should be directed to ContraFect Corporation, Attn: General Counsel, 28 Wells Avenue, 3rd Floor, Yonkers, NY 10701; telephone +1 (914) 207-2300.

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus, including the documents we incorporate by reference into it, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Such statements include, without limitation, statements regarding our expectations, hopes or intentions regarding the future. These forward looking statements can often be identified by their use of words such as “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “outlook,” “could,” “target,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “estimate,” “should,” “may” and “assume,” as well as variations of such words and similar expressions referring to the future.

Forward-looking statements involve certain risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. If any of those risks and uncertainties materialize, actual results could differ materially from those discussed in any such forward-looking statement. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in forward-looking statements are those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” below, those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” and in other sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and any subsequent Forms 10-Q, as well as in our other reports filed from time to time with the SEC that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. See “Available Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” for information about how to obtain copies of those documents.

All forward-looking statements in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into it are made only as of the date of the document in which they are contained, based on information available to us as of the date of that document, and we caution you not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements in light of the risks and uncertainties associated with them. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves significant risks. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in, or incorporated into, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference herein or therein. Each of the referenced risks and uncertainties could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our securities.

 

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CONTRAFECT CORPORATION

We are a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on discovering and developing therapeutic protein and antibody products for life-threatening, drug-resistant infectious diseases, particularly those treated in hospital settings. Due to drug-resistant and newly emerging pathogens, hospital acquired infections are currently the fourth leading cause of death in the United States, following heart disease, cancer and stroke. We intend to address drug-resistant infections using our therapeutic product candidates from our lysin and monoclonal antibody platforms to target conserved regions of either bacteria or viruses. Lysins are enzymes that are produced in the life cycle stage of a bacteriophage, a virus that infects and kills bacteria. Lysins digest bacterial cell walls and are fundamentally different than antibiotics because they kill bacteria immediately upon contact. We believe the properties of our lysins make them suitable for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant organisms that can cause serious infections such as Staph aureus bacteremia, pneumonia and osteomyelitis, and the treatment of biofilm-related indications for infected prosthetic joints, indwelling devices and catheters. In addition to our lysins, we are exploring therapies using mAbs that block and disarm virulence factors of bacteria and viruses, rendering them vulnerable to the body’s natural immune response.

We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in March 2008. Our principal executive offices are located at 28 Wells Avenue, 3rd Floor, Yonkers, NY 10701, and our telephone number is (914) 207-2340. Our website address is www.contrafect.com. The information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider any information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website as part of this prospectus or in deciding whether to purchase our securities. Our securities trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbols “CFRX,” “CFRXW” and “CFRXZ.”

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER

We may issue and offer from time to time, in one or more offerings, the following securities:

 

    shares of common stock;

 

    shares of preferred stock;

 

    debt securities, which may be senior or subordinated, may be guaranteed by one or more of our subsidiaries and may be convertible into or exchangeable for common stock;

 

    warrants exercisable for debt securities, common stock or preferred stock;

 

    rights to purchase any such securities; and

 

    units of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock or warrants, in any combination.

This prospectus contains a summary of the material general terms of the various securities that we may offer. The specific terms of the securities will be described in a prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, which may be in addition to or different from the general terms summarized in this prospectus. Where applicable, the prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus will also describe any material United States federal income tax considerations relating to the securities offered and indicate whether the securities offered are or will be listed on any securities exchange. The summaries contained in this prospectus and in any prospectus supplements, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus may not contain all of the information that you would find useful. Accordingly, you should read the actual documents relating to any securities sold pursuant to this prospectus. See “Available Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” for information about how to obtain copies of those documents.

The terms of any particular offering, the initial offering price and the net proceeds to us will be contained in the prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or free writing prospectus, relating to such offering.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following description of our securities and provisions of our sixth amended and restated certificate of incorporation and second amended and restated by-laws are summaries and are qualified by reference to such documents. We have filed copies of these documents with the SEC. See “Available Information.”

Common Stock

Our authorized capital stock consists of 100,000,000 shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “CFRX.” The Transfer Agent and Registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC.

Voting rights

The holders of shares of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held at all meetings of stockholders and written actions in lieu of meetings. An election of directors by our stockholders shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast by the stockholders entitled to vote on the election. Any matter other than the election of directors and as set forth below shall be determined by a majority of the votes cast. See “—Anti-Takeover Effects of Delaware Law and Our Charter and Bylaws—Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws.”

Dividend rights

Holders of common stock are entitled to receive proportionately any dividends as may be declared by our board of directors, subject to any preferential dividend rights of outstanding preferred stock.

Rights upon liquidation

In the event of our liquidation or dissolution, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive proportionately all assets available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all debts and other liabilities and subject to the prior rights of any outstanding preferred stock.

Other rights

Holders of common stock have no preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common stock are subject to and may be adversely affected by the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.

Preferred Stock

Our authorized capital stock consists of 25,000,000 shares of our preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, all of which preferred stock is undesignated. Under the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors is authorized to issue shares of preferred stock in one or more series without stockholder approval. Our board of directors has the discretion to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, of each series of preferred stock.

The purpose of authorizing our board of directors to issue preferred stock and determine its rights and preferences is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions, future financings and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third-party to acquire, or could discourage a third-party from seeking to acquire, a majority of our outstanding voting stock. There are no shares of preferred stock outstanding, and we have no present plans to issue any shares of preferred stock.

 

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Anti-Takeover Effects of Delaware Law and Our Charter and Bylaws

Delaware law contains, and our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws contain, provisions that could have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another party from acquiring control of us. These provisions, which are summarized below, are expected to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors.

Removal of Directors

A director may be removed only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of the votes that all of our stockholders would be entitled to cast in an annual election of directors. Any vacancy on our board of directors, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of our board of directors, may be filled only by vote of a majority of our directors then in office.

Stockholder Action by Written Consent; Special Meetings

Our certificate of incorporation provides that any action required or permitted to be taken by our stockholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of such holders and may not be effected by any consent in writing by such holders. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws also provide that, except as otherwise required by law, special meetings of our stockholders can only be called by our board of directors, Chairman of the board of directors or our Chief Executive Officer.

Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals

Our bylaws establish an advance notice procedure for stockholder proposals to be brought before an annual meeting of stockholders, including proposed nominations of persons for election to our board of directors. Stockholders at an annual meeting will only be able to consider proposals or nominations specified in the notice of meeting or brought before the meeting by or at the direction of our board of directors or by a stockholder of record on the record date for the meeting who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has delivered timely written notice in proper form to our secretary of the stockholder’s intention to bring such business before the meeting. These provisions could have the effect of delaying until the next stockholder meeting stockholder actions that are favored by the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities.

Delaware Business Combination Statute

We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Subject to specified exceptions, Section 203 prevents a publicly-held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with any “interested stockholder” for three years following the date that the person became an interested stockholder, unless the interested stockholder attained that status with the approval of our board of directors or unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes, among other things, a merger or consolidation involving us and the “interested stockholder” and the sale of more than 10% of our assets. In general, an “interested stockholder” is any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by such entity or person.

Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

The Delaware General Corporation Law provides generally that the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote on any matter is required to amend a corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws, unless a corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws, as the case may be, requires a greater percentage. Our bylaws may be amended or repealed by a majority vote of our board of directors or by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of the votes that all of our stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors. In addition, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of the votes that all of our stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors is required to amend or repeal or to adopt any provisions inconsistent with any of the provisions of our certificate of incorporation described above under “—Removal of Directors” and “—Stockholder Action by Written Consent; Special Meetings.”

 

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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

We may issue debt securities in one or more distinct series. This section summarizes the material terms of the debt securities that are common to all series. Most of the financial terms and other specific material terms of any series of debt securities that we offer will be described in a prospectus supplement or term sheet to be attached to the front of this prospectus. Since the terms of specific debt securities may differ from the general information provided below, you should rely on information in the prospectus supplement or term sheet that contradicts different information below.

As required by federal law for all bonds and notes of companies that are publicly offered, the debt securities will be governed by a document called an “indenture.” An indenture is a contract between us and a financial institution acting as trustee on your behalf. The trustee has two main roles. First, the trustee can enforce your rights against us if we default. There are some limitations on the extent to which the trustee acts on your behalf, described in the second paragraph under “Events of Default.” Second, the trustee performs certain administrative duties for us.

Senior and subordinated debt securities will be issued by us under an indenture dated as of             , 20     , as supplemented from time to time (the “indenture”), between us, as issuer, and                     , as trustee (the “trustee”). The debt securities may be guaranteed by one or more of our subsidiaries.

The indenture will be subject to and governed by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “TIA”). The terms “we,” “our” and “us,” when used to refer to an issuer of securities, means ContraFect Corporation.

Because this section is a summary, it does not describe every aspect of the debt securities and the indenture. We urge you to read the indenture because it, and not this description, defines your rights as a holder of debt securities. For example, in this section, we use capitalized words to signify terms that are specifically defined in the indenture. Some of the definitions are repeated in this prospectus, but for the rest you will need to read the indenture. See “Available Information” for information on how to locate the indenture and any supplemental indentures that may be filed.

General Provisions of the Indenture

Each series of debt securities will be obligations of ContraFect Corporation. Any senior securities will rank equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of ContraFect Corporation. Any subordinated securities will be subordinated in right of payment to the prior payment in full of the senior indebtedness of ContraFect Corporation as more fully described in a prospectus supplement or term sheet.

The indenture provides that any debt securities proposed to be sold under this prospectus and the attached prospectus supplement or term sheet (“offered debt securities”) and any debt securities issuable upon the exercise of debt warrants or upon conversion or exchange of other offered securities (“underlying debt securities”), as well as other unsecured debt securities, may be issued under the indenture in one or more series.

You should read the prospectus supplement or term sheet for the material terms of the offered debt securities and any underlying debt securities, including the following:

 

    the title of the debt securities and whether the debt securities will be senior securities or subordinated securities of ContraFect Corporation;

 

    the total principal amount of the debt securities of the series and any limit on such total principal amount;

 

    if not the principal amount of the debt securities, the portion of the principal amount payable upon acceleration of the maturity of the debt securities or how this portion will be determined;

 

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    the date or dates, or how the date or dates will be determined or may be extended, when the principal of the debt securities will be payable;

 

    the interest rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, that the debt securities will bear, if any, or how the rate or rates will be determined, the date or dates from which any interest will accrue or how the date or dates will be determined, the interest payment dates, any record dates for these payments and the basis upon which interest will be calculated if other than that of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months:

 

    any optional redemption provisions;

 

    any sinking fund or other provisions that would obligate us to repurchase or otherwise redeem the debt securities;

 

    the form in which we will issue the debt securities and whether we will have the option of issuing debt securities in “certificated” form;

 

    if other than U.S. dollars, the currency or currencies in which the debt securities are denominated and/or payable;

 

    whether the amount of payments of principal, premium or interest, if any, on the debt securities will be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method (which index, formula or method may be based, without limitation, on one or more currencies, commodities, equity indices or other indices), and how these amounts will be determined;

 

    the place or places, if any, other than or in addition to The City of New York, of payment, transfer, conversion and/or exchange of the debt securities;

 

    if other than minimum denominations of $2,000 or any integral multiple of $1,000 above the minimum denomination in the case of registered securities issued in certificated form, the denominations in which the offered debt securities will be issued;

 

    if the provisions of Article Fourteen of the indenture described under “defeasance” are not applicable and any provisions in modification of, in addition to or in lieu of any of these provisions;

 

    whether and under what circumstances we will pay additional amounts, as contemplated by Section 1010 of the indenture, in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge and, if so, whether we will have the option to redeem the debt securities rather than pay the additional amounts (and the terms of this option);

 

    whether the debt securities are subordinated and the terms of such subordination;

 

    any provisions granting special rights to the holders of the debt securities upon the occurrence of specified events;

 

    any changes or additions to the Events of Default or covenants contained in the applicable indenture;

 

    whether the debt securities will be convertible into or exchangeable for any other securities and the applicable terms and conditions;

 

    whether the debt securities are guaranteed; and

 

    any other material terms of the debt securities.

For purposes of this prospectus, any reference to the payment of principal of or premium or interest, if any, on the debt securities will include additional amounts if required by the terms of the debt securities.

The indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that may be issued thereunder from time to time. Debt securities issued under the indenture when a single trustee is acting for all debt securities issued under the indenture are called the “indenture securities.” The indenture also provides that there may be more than

 

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one trustee thereunder, each with respect to one or more different series of indenture securities. See “—Resignation of Trustee” below. At a time when two or more trustees are acting under the indenture, each with respect to only certain series, the term “indenture securities” means the one or more series of debt securities with respect to which each respective trustee is acting. In the event that there is more than one trustee under the indenture, the powers and trust obligations of each trustee described in this prospectus will extend only to the one or more series of indenture securities for which it is trustee. If two or more trustees are acting under the indenture, then the indenture securities for which each trustee is acting would be treated as if issued under separate indentures.

The indenture does not contain any provisions that give you protection in the event we issue a large amount of debt, we repurchase a significant amount of equity or effect a recapitalization, or we are acquired by another entity.

We refer you to the applicable prospectus supplement or term sheet for information with respect to any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the Events of Default or our covenants that are described below, including any addition of a covenant or other provision providing event risk or similar protection.

We have the ability to issue indenture securities with terms different from those of indenture securities previously issued and, without the consent of the holders thereof, to reopen a previous issue of a series of indenture securities and issue additional indenture securities of that series unless the reopening was restricted when that series was created.

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement or term sheet, the debt securities will be denominated in U.S. dollars and all payments on the debt securities will be made in U.S. dollars.

Payment of the purchase price of the debt securities must be made in immediately available funds.

The authorized denominations of debt securities denominated in U.S. dollars will be a minimum denomination of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 above the minimum denomination. The authorized denominations of foreign currency notes will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement or term sheet.

Interest and Interest Rates

Each debt security will begin to accrue interest from the date it is originally issued. The related prospectus supplement or term sheet will describe the method of determining the interest rate.

Interest on the debt securities other than in global form denominated in U.S. dollars will be paid by check mailed on an Interest Payment Date to the persons entitled thereto to the addresses of such holders as they appear in the security register or, at our option, by wire transfer to a bank account maintained by the holder. The principal of, and premium, if any, and, if other than an Interest Payment Date, interest on debt securities denominated in U.S. dollars, together with interest accrued and unpaid thereon, due on the Maturity Date will be paid in immediately available funds upon surrender of such debt securities at the corporate trust office of the trustee in The City of New York, or, at our option, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account with a bank designated at least 15 calendar days prior to the Maturity Date by the applicable registered holder, provided the particular bank has appropriate facilities to receive these payments and the particular note is presented and surrendered at the office or agency maintained by us for this purpose in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, in time for the trustee to make these payments in accordance with its normal procedures.

Payment and Paying Agents

We will pay interest to the person listed in the trustee’s records as the owner of the debt security at the close of business on a particular day in advance of each regularly scheduled date for interest, even if that person no longer owns the debt security on the interest due date. That day, typically set at a date approximately two weeks prior to

 

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the interest due date, is called the “record date.” Because we will pay all the interest for an interest period to the holders on the record date, holders buying and selling debt securities must work out between themselves the appropriate purchase price. The most common manner is to adjust the sales price of the debt securities to prorate interest fairly between buyer and seller based on their respective ownership periods within the particular interest period. This prorated interest amount is called “accrued interest.”

Payments on Global Securities

We will make payments on a global security in accordance with the applicable policies of the depositary as in effect from time to time. Under those policies, we will make payments directly to the depositary, or its nominee, and not to any indirect holders who own beneficial interests in the global security. An indirect holder’s right to those payments will be governed by the rules and practices of the depositary and its participants.

Payments on Certificated Debt Securities

We will make payments on a certificated debt security as follows. We will pay interest that is due on an interest payment date by check mailed on the interest payment date to the holder at his or her address shown on the trustee’s records as of the close of business on the regular record date. We will make payments of principal and premium, if any, duly and punctually to the office of the trustee.

Alternatively, if the holder asks us to do so, we may pay any amount that becomes due on the debt security by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account at a bank in New York City, on the due date. To request payment by wire, the holder must give the trustee or other paying agent appropriate transfer instructions at least 15 calendar days before the requested wire payment is due. In the case of any interest payment due on an interest payment date, the instructions must be given by the person who is the holder on the relevant regular record date. Any wire instructions, once properly given, will remain in effect unless and until new instructions are given in the manner described above. In addition, see the description under “Interest and Interest Rates.”

Material Covenants

Consolidation, Merger, Sale or Conveyance. The indenture provides that we may not consolidate with or merge into any other entity or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety to any entity, unless:

 

    the successor or transferee entity, if other than us, is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia and expressly assumes by a supplemental indenture executed and delivered to the trustee, in form reasonably satisfactory to the trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of, any premium on and any interest on, all of our outstanding debt securities and the performance of every covenant and obligation in the indenture to be performed or observed by us;

 

    immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no Event of Default, as defined in the indenture, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, has happened and is continuing; and

 

    we have delivered to the trustee an officers’ certificate and an opinion of counsel, each in the form required by the indenture and stating that such consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture complies with the foregoing provisions relating to such transaction.

In case of any such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer, the successor entity will succeed to and be substituted for us as obligor on the debt securities with the same effect as if it had been named in the indenture as issuer.

 

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Restrictions on Liens

We will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, issue, assume or guarantee any indebtedness for money borrowed secured by a Mortgage (“Secured Debt”) upon any Operating Property or any shares of stock or indebtedness for borrowed money of any Restricted Subsidiary, whether owned at the date of the indenture or thereafter acquired, without effectively providing concurrently that the debt securities of each series then outstanding under the indenture are secured equally and ratably with or, at our option, prior to such Secured Debt so long as such Secured Debt shall be so secured.

The foregoing restriction shall not apply to, and there shall be excluded from Secured Debt in any computation under such restriction, Secured Debt secured by:

(1) mortgages on any property, shares of stock or indebtedness for borrowed money of any corporation existing at the time such corporation becomes a Restricted Subsidiary;

(2) mortgages on property or shares of stock existing at the time of acquisition of such property or stock by us or a Restricted Subsidiary or existing as of the original date of the applicable indenture;

(3) mortgages to secure the payment of all or any part of the price of acquisition, construction or improvement of such property or stock by us or a Restricted Subsidiary, or to secure any Secured Debt incurred by us or a Restricted Subsidiary, prior to, at the time of, or within 360 days after, the later of the acquisition or completion of construction (including any improvements on an existing property), which Secured Debt is incurred for the purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price thereof or construction of improvements thereon; provided, however, that, in the case of any such acquisition, construction or improvement, the Mortgage shall not apply to any property theretofore owned by us or a Restricted Subsidiary, other than, in the case of any such construction or improvement, any theretofore substantially unimproved real property on which the property or improvement so constructed is located;

(4) mortgages securing Secured Debt of a Restricted Subsidiary owing to us or to another Restricted Subsidiary;

(5) mortgages on property of a corporation existing at the time such corporation is merged into or consolidated with us or a Restricted Subsidiary or at the time of a sale, lease or other disposition of the properties of a corporation or firm as an entirety or substantially as an entirety to us or a Restricted Subsidiary;

(6) mortgages on property of us or a Restricted Subsidiary in favor of the United States or any state thereof, or any department, agency or instrumentality or political subdivision of the United States or any state thereof, or in favor of any other country or any political subdivision thereof, or any department, agency or instrumentality of such country or political subdivision, to secure partial progress, advance or other payments pursuant to any contract or statute or to secure any indebtedness incurred for the purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price or the cost of construction of the property subject to such Mortgages;

(7) any extension, renewal or replacement (or successive extensions, renewals or replacements) in whole or in part of any Mortgage referred to in clauses (1) through (6) above and (9) below; provided, however, that the principal amount of Secured Debt so secured shall not exceed the principal amount of Secured Debt so secured at the time of such extension, renewal or replacement, and that such extension, renewal or replacement shall be limited to all or a part of the property which secured the Mortgage so extended, renewed or replaced (plus improvements and construction on such property);

(8) mortgages upon any Operating Property, or any transfer or disposition of any Operating Property, that is created or implemented as a necessary component of a bond for title transaction, payment in lieu of tax agreement or other tax incentive vehicle designed to provide us or any Subsidiary with certain ad valorem property tax savings or other incentive savings; or

(9) mortgages to secure Hedging Obligations entered into the ordinary course of business to purchase any raw material or other commodity or to hedge risks or reduce costs with respect to the interest rate, currency or commodity exposure of us or any Restricted Subsidiary of ours and not for speculative purposes.

 

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Notwithstanding the foregoing, we and any one or more our Restricted Subsidiaries may, however, without securing any debt securities, create, incur, issue, assume or guarantee Secured Debt secured by a Mortgage if, after giving effect to the transaction, the aggregate of the Secured Debt then outstanding (not including Secured Debt permitted under the above exceptions) does not exceed 15% of our Consolidated Net Tangible Assets as shown on our financial statements as of the end of the fiscal year preceding the date of determination.

“Commodity Agreement” means any forward contract, commodity swap, commodity option or other financial agreement or arrangement relating to, or the value of which is dependent upon. fluctuations in commodity prices.

“Consolidated Net Tangible Assets” means the total assets of ContraFect Corporation and its Restricted Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, any net investment in Subsidiaries that are not Restricted Subsidiaries) after deducting therefrom (a) all current liabilities (excluding any thereof constituting indebtedness for borrowed money) and (b) all goodwill, trade names, trademarks, franchises, patents, unamortized debt discount and expense, organization and developmental expenses and other like segregated intangibles, all as computed by us and our Restricted Subsidiaries in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles as of the end of the fiscal year preceding the date of determination; provided, that any items constituting deferred income taxes, deferred investment tax credit or other similar items shall not be taken into account as a liability or as a deduction from or adjustment to total assets.

“Currency Agreement” means any foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement or other similar agreement with respect to currency values.

“GAAP” means U.S. generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as have been approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession that are applicable at the date of any relevant calculation or determination.

“Hedging Obligations” of any Person means the obligations of such Person pursuant to any Interest Rate Agreement, Currency Agreement, Commodity Agreement or derivative contract entered into to hedge interest rate risk, currency exchange risk and commodity price risk.

“Interest Rate Agreement” means any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate cap agreement or other financial agreement or arrangement with respect to exposure to interest rates.

“Mortgage” or “Mortgages” means any mortgage, pledge, lien, security interest or other encumbrances upon any Operating Property or any shares of stock or on indebtedness for borrowed money of any Restricted Subsidiary (whether such Operating Property, shares of stock or indebtedness for borrowed money are now owned or hereafter acquired).

“Operating Property” means each plant or facility of ContraFect Corporation or a Restricted Subsidiary located within the United States except any such plant or facility which the board of directors of ContraFect Corporation by resolution reasonably determines not to be of material importance to the total business conducted by us and our Restricted Subsidiaries.

“Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

“Restricted Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary of us (i) substantially all of the property of which is located, or substantially all of the business of which is carried on, within the United States, and (ii) which owns or is the lessee of any Operating Property.

 

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“Subsidiary” means (1) any corporation of which at least a majority of the outstanding stock having by the terms thereof ordinary voting power for the election of directors of such corporation (irrespective of whether or not at the time stock of any other class or classes of such corporation shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the time directly or indirectly owned by the us or by one or more other Subsidiaries and (2) any other Person in which we or one or more other Subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, at the date of determination, (x) own at least a majority of the outstanding ownership interests or (y) have the power to elect or direct the election of, or to appoint or approve the appointment of, at least the majority of the directors, trustees or managing members of, or other persons holding similar positions with, such Person.

Restrictions on Sale and Leaseback Transactions

We will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, enter into any Sale and Leaseback Transaction unless:

 

  (1) we or such Restricted Subsidiary would be entitled to create, incur, issue, assume or guarantee indebtedness secured by a Mortgage upon such property at least equal in amount to the Attributable Debt in respect of such arrangement without equally and ratably securing the debt securities; provided, however, that from and after the date on which such arrangement becomes effective, the Attributable Debt in respect of such arrangement shall be deemed, for all purposes described under “—Restrictions on Liens” above, to be Secured Debt subject to the provisions of the covenants described therein;

 

  (2) since the original date of the indenture and within a period commencing twelve months prior to the consummation of such Sale and Leaseback Transaction and ending twelve months after the consummation of such Sale and Leaseback Transaction, we or any Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, has expended or will expend for the Operating Property an amount equal to (A) the net proceeds of such Sale and Leaseback Transaction, and we elect to designate such amount as a credit against such Sale and Leaseback Transaction, or (B) a part of the net proceeds of such Sale and Leaseback Transaction and we elect to designate such amount as a credit against such Sale and Leaseback Transaction and apply an amount equal to the remainder of the net proceeds as provided in the following paragraph; or

 

  (3) such Sale and Leaseback Transaction does not come within the exceptions provided by the first paragraph above under “—Restrictions on Sale and Leaseback Transactions” and we do not make the election permitted by the second paragraph under “—Restrictions on Sale and Leaseback Transactions” or makes such election only as to a part of such net proceeds, in either of which events we shall apply an amount in cash equal to the Attributable Debt in respect of such arrangement (less any amount elected under the second paragraph under “—Restrictions on Sale and Leaseback Transactions”) to the retirement, within 360 days of the effective date of any such arrangement, of indebtedness for borrowed money of we or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than indebtedness for borrowed money of ContraFect Corporation which is subordinated to the debt securities) which by its terms matures at or is extendible or renewable at the sole option of the obligor without requiring the consent of the obligees to a date more than twelve months after the date of the creation of such indebtedness for borrowed money (it being understood that such retirement may be made by prepayment of such indebtedness for borrowed money, if permitted by the terms thereof, as well as by payment at maturity, and that at our option and pursuant to the terms of the indenture, such indebtedness may include the debt securities).

“Attributable Debt” under the indenture means the present value (discounted at the interest rate inherent in the lease, compounded annually) of the obligation of a lessee for net rental payments during the remaining term of any lease (including any period for which such lease has been extended).

“Sale and Leaseback Transaction” means any arrangement with any person providing for the leasing by us or any Restricted Subsidiary of any Operating Property, whether such Operating Property is now owned or hereafter

 

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acquired (except for temporary leases for a term, including renewals at the option of the lessee, of not more than three years and except for leases between us and a Restricted Subsidiary or between Restricted Subsidiaries), which property has been or is to be sold or transferred by us or such Restricted Subsidiary to such person with the intention of taking back a lease of such property.

Events of Default

An event of default with respect to the debt securities of any series is defined in the indenture as:

 

  (a) default for 30 days in payment of any interest on the debt securities of such series when it becomes due and payable;

 

  (b) default in payment of principal of or any premium on the debt securities of such series at maturity or upon redemption or repayment when the same becomes due and payable;

 

  (c) default by us in the performance of any other covenant contained in the applicable indenture for the benefit of the debt securities of such series that has not been remedied by the end of a period of 90 days after notice is given as specified in the indenture;

 

  (d) default in the payment of principal or an acceleration of other indebtedness for borrowed money of ContraFect Corporation where the aggregate principal amount with respect to which the default or acceleration has occurred exceeds $25 million and such acceleration has not been rescinded or annulled or such indebtedness repaid within a period of 30 days after written notice to us by the trustee or to us and the trustee by the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities under the indenture, provided that if any such default is cured, waived, rescinded or annulled, then the event of default by reason thereof would be deemed not to have occurred; and

 

  (e) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization of ContraFect Corporation.

The indenture provides that:

 

    if an event of default described in clause (a), (b), (c) or (d) above has occurred and is continuing, either the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of the applicable series may declare the principal amount of the debt securities then outstanding, and any accrued and unpaid interest through the date of such declaration, to be due and payable immediately;

 

    upon certain conditions such declarations may be annulled and past defaults (except for defaults in the payment of principal of, or any premium or interest on the debt securities and in compliance with certain covenants) may be waived by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of the applicable series; and

 

    if an event of default described in clause (e) occurs and is continuing, then the principal amount of all debt securities issued under the indenture, together with any accrued interest through the occurrence of such event, shall become and be due and payable immediately, without any declaration or other act by the trustee or any other holder.

Under the indenture, the trustee must give to the holders of debt securities of any series notice of all uncured defaults known to it with respect to the debt securities of such series within 90 days after such a default occurs (the term default to include the events specified above without notice or grace periods); provided that, except in the case of default in the payments of principal of or any premium or interest on any of the debt securities of such series, the trustee will be protected in withholding such notice if it in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the best interest of the holders of such debt securities.

No holder of any debt securities may institute any action under the indenture unless:

 

    such holder has given the trustee written notice of a continuing event of default with respect to the debt securities;

 

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    the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of the applicable series have requested the trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such event of default;

 

    such holder or holders have offered the trustee such reasonable indemnity as the trustee may require;

 

    the trustee has failed to institute an action for 60 days thereafter; and

 

    no inconsistent direction has been given to the trustee during such 60–day period by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of such debt securities.

The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of any series will have the right, subject to certain limitations, to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the debt securities of such series. The indenture provides that, if an event of default occurs and is continuing, the trustee, in exercising its rights and powers under the indenture, will be required to use the degree of care of a prudent man in the conduct of his own affairs. The indenture further provides that the trustee shall not be required to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties under the indenture unless it has reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is reasonably assured to it.

We must furnish to the trustee within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year a statement signed by an officer thereof to the effect that a review of our activities during such year and our performance under the indenture and the terms of the debt securities has been made, and, to the knowledge of the signatories based on such review, we have complied with all conditions and covenants of the indenture or, if we are in default, specifying such default.

Modification of the Indenture

We and the trustee may, without the consent of the holders of the debt securities issued under such indenture, enter into supplemental indentures for, among others, one or more of the following purposes:

 

    to evidence the succession of another corporation to us and the assumption by such successor of its obligations under the indenture and the debt securities;

 

    to add covenants of ContraFect Corporation or surrender any of its rights, or add any rights for the benefit of the holders of debt securities;

 

    to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency in such indenture;

 

    to establish the form or terms of any other series of debt securities, including any subordinated securities;

 

    to evidence and provide the acceptance of any successor trustee with respect to the debt securities or one or more other series of debt securities under the indenture or to facilitate the administration of the trusts thereunder by one or more trustees in accordance with the indenture; and

 

    to provide any additional events of default.

With certain exceptions, the indenture or the rights of the holders of the debt securities may be modified by us and the trustee with the consent of the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities then outstanding affected thereby, but no such modification may be made without the consent of the holder of each outstanding note affected thereby that would:

 

    change the maturity of the principal of, or any premium on, or any installment of principal of or interest on any debt securities, or reduce the principal amount or any premium or the rate or manner of calculating interest or any premium payable upon redemption or repayment of any debt securities, or change the dates or periods for any redemption or repayment or change any place of payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any principal, premium or interest is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption or repayment, on or after the redemption or repayment date);

 

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    reduce the percentage in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities, the consent whose holders is required for any such modification, or the consent of whose holders is required for any waiver of compliance with certain provisions of the indenture or certain defaults thereunder and their consequences provided for in the indenture; or

 

    modify any of the provisions of certain sections of the indenture, including the provisions summarized in this paragraph, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other provisions of the indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the holder of each of the outstanding debt securities affected thereby.

Defeasance

The following provisions will be applicable to each series of debt securities unless we state in the applicable prospectus supplement or term sheet that the provisions of covenant defeasance and full defeasance will not be applicable to that series.

Covenant Defeasance

Under current United States federal tax law, we can make the deposit described below and be released from some of the restrictive covenants in the indenture under which the particular series was issued. This is called “covenant defeasance.” In that event, you would lose the protection of those restrictive covenants but would gain the protection of having money and government securities set aside in trust to repay your debt securities. In order to achieve covenant defeasance, we must do the following:

 

    Deposit in trust for the benefit of all holders of such debt securities a combination of money and government or government agency debt securities or bonds in the relevant currency that will generate enough cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on the debt securities of such series in the relevant currency on their various due dates.

 

    Deliver to the trustee a legal opinion of our counsel confirming that, under current United States federal income tax law, we may make the above deposit without causing you to be taxed on the debt securities of such series any differently than if we did not make the deposit and just repaid such debt securities ourselves at maturity.

If we accomplish covenant defeasance, you can still look to us for repayment of the debt securities if there were a shortfall in the trust deposit or the trustee is prevented from making payment. In fact, if one of the remaining Events of Default occurred (such as our bankruptcy) and the debt securities became immediately due and payable, there might be a shortfall. Depending on the event causing the default, you may not be able to obtain payment of the shortfall.

Full Defeasance

If there is a change in United States federal tax law, as described below, we can legally release ourselves from all payment and other obligations on the debt securities of a particular series (called “full defeasance”) if we put in place the following other arrangements for you to be repaid:

 

    We must deposit in trust for the benefit of all holders of the debt securities of such series a combination of money and government or government agency debt securities or bonds in the relevant currency that will generate enough cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on the debt securities of such series in the relevant currency on their various due dates.

 

   

We must deliver to the trustee a legal opinion confirming that there has been a change in current United States federal tax law or an Internal Revenue Service ruling that allows us to make the above deposit without causing you to be taxed on the debt securities of such series any differently than if we did not make the deposit and just repaid such debt securities ourselves at maturity. Under current United States

 

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federal tax law, the deposit and our legal release from the debt securities of such series would be treated as though we paid you your share of the cash and debt securities or bonds at the time the cash and debt securities or bonds were deposited in trust in exchange for your debt securities and you would recognize gain or loss on your debt securities at the time of the deposit.

If we ever did accomplish full defeasance, as described above, you would have to rely solely on the trust deposit for repayment of the debt securities of such series. You could not look to us for repayment in the unlikely event of any shortfall. Conversely, the trust deposit would most likely be protected from claims of our lenders and other creditors if we ever became bankrupt or insolvent.

Legal defeasance and full defeasance are both subject to certain conditions, such as no default or event of default occurring and continuing, and no breach of any material agreement.

Discharge of the Indenture

We may satisfy and discharge our obligations under the indenture by delivering to the trustee for cancellation all outstanding debt securities or by depositing with the trustee or the paying agent after the debt securities have become due and payable, whether at stated maturity, or any redemption or repayment date, or otherwise, cash sufficient to pay all of the outstanding debt securities and paying all other sums payable under the indenture.

Form, Exchange and Transfer of Certificated Debt Securities

If registered debt securities cease to be issued in book–entry form, they will be issued:

 

    only in fully registered certificated form:

 

    without interest coupons: and

 

    unless we indicate otherwise in the prospectus supplement or term sheet, in a minimum denomination of $2,000 and amounts above the minimum denomination that are integral multiples of $1,000.

Holders may exchange their certificated debt securities of smaller denominations or combined into fewer debt securities of larger denominations, as long as the total principal amount is not changed.

Holders may exchange or transfer their certificated debt securities at the office of the trustee. We have appointed the trustee to act as our agent for registering debt securities in the names of holders transferring debt securities. We may appoint another entity to perform these functions or perform them ourselves.

Holders will not be required to pay a service charge to transfer or exchange their certificated securities, but they may be required to pay any tax or other governmental charge associated with the transfer or exchange. The transfer or exchange will be made only if our transfer agent is satisfied with the holder’s proof of legal ownership.

If we have designated additional transfer agents for your debt security, they will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement or term sheet. We may appoint additional transfer agents or cancel the appointment of any particular transfer agent. We may also approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts.

If any certificated debt securities of a particular series are redeemable and we redeem less than all the debt securities of that series, we may block the transfer or exchange of those debt securities during the period beginning 15 days before the day we mail the notice of redemption and ending on the day of that mailing, in order to freeze the list of holders to prepare the mailing. We may also refuse to register transfers or exchanges of any certificated debt securities selected for redemption, except that we will continue to permit transfers and exchanges of the unredeemed portion of any debt security that will be partially redeemed.

 

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If a registered debt security is issued in book–entry form, only the depositary will be entitled to transfer and exchange the debt security as described in this subsection, since it will be the sole holder of the debt security.

Resignation of Trustee

The trustee may resign or be removed at any time with respect to one or more series of indenture securities provided that a successor trustee is appointed to act with respect to these series. In the event that two or more persons are acting as trustee with respect to different series of indenture securities under the indenture, each of the trustees will be a trustee of a trust separate and apart from the trust administered by any other trustee.

The Trustee Under the Indenture

The trustee may be one of a number of banks with which we maintain ordinary banking relationships and from which we may obtain credit facilities and lines of credit in the future. The trustee may also serve as trustee under other indentures under which we are the obligor in the future.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

General

We may issue warrants to purchase our common stock, preferred stock or debt securities, or any combination thereof. We may issue the warrants independently or together with any underlying securities, and the warrants may be attached or separate from the underlying securities. We may also issue a series of warrants under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a warrant agent. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants of such series and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency for or with holders or beneficial owners of warrants.

The following description is a summary of selected provisions relating to the warrants that we may issue. The summary is not complete. When warrants are offered in the future, a prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, as applicable, will explain the particular terms of those securities and the extent to which these general provisions may apply. The specific terms of the warrants as described in a prospectus supplement information, incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus will supplement and, if applicable, may modify or replace the general terms described in this section.

This summary and any description of warrants in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus is subject to and is qualified in its entirety by reference to all the provisions of any specific warrant document or agreement, which we will file with the SEC for incorporation by reference into this prospectus. See “Available Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” for information on how to obtain a copy of a warrant document when it is filed.

When we refer to a series of warrants, we mean all warrants issued as part of the same series under the applicable warrant agreement.

Terms

The applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, may describe the terms of any warrants that we may offer, including but not limited to the following:

 

    the title of the warrants;

 

    the total number of warrants;

 

    the price or prices at which the warrants will be issued;

 

    the currency or currencies that investors may use to pay for the warrants;

 

    the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and the date on which the right will expire;

 

    whether the warrants will be issued in registered form or bearer form;

 

    information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;

 

    if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of warrants that may be exercised at any one time;

 

    if applicable, the designation and terms of the underlying securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each underlying security;

 

    if applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the related underlying securities will be separately transferable;

 

    if applicable, a discussion of material United States federal income tax considerations;

 

    if applicable, the terms of redemption of the warrants;

 

    the identity of the warrant agent, if any;

 

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    the procedures and conditions relating to the exercise of the warrants; and

 

    any other terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the warrants.

Warrant Agreements

We may issue the warrants in one or more series under one or more warrant agreements, each to be entered into between us and a bank, trust company or other financial institution as warrant agent. We may add, replace or terminate warrant agents from time to time. We may also choose to act as our own warrant agent or may choose one of our subsidiaries to do so.

The warrant agent under a warrant agreement will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants issued under that agreement. The warrant agent will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of those warrants. Any holder of warrants may, without the consent of any other person, enforce by appropriate legal action, on its own behalf, its right to exercise those warrants in accordance with their terms. Until the warrant is properly exercised, no holder of any warrant will be entitled to any rights of a holder of the warrant property purchasable upon exercise of the warrant.

Form, Exchange, and Transfer

We may issue the warrants in registered form or bearer form. Warrants issued in registered form, i.e., book-entry form, will be represented by a global security registered in the name of a depository, which will be the holder of all the warrants represented by the global security. Those investors who own beneficial interests in a global warrant will do so through participants in the depository’s system, and the rights of these indirect owners will be governed solely by the applicable procedures of the depository and its participants. In addition, we may issue warrants in non-global form, i.e., bearer form. If any warrants are issued in non-global form, warrant certificates may be exchanged for new warrant certificates of different denominations, and holders may exchange, transfer or exercise their warrants at the warrant agent’s office or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus.

Prior to the exercise of their warrants, holders of warrants exercisable for debt securities will not have any of the rights of holders of the debt securities purchasable upon such exercise and will not be entitled to payments of principal (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on the debt securities purchasable upon such exercise. Prior to the exercise of their warrants, holders of warrants exercisable for shares of preferred stock or common stock will not have any rights of holders of the preferred stock or common stock purchasable upon such exercise and will not be entitled to dividend payments, if any, or voting rights of the preferred stock or common stock purchasable upon such exercise.

Exercise of Warrants

A warrant will entitle the holder to purchase for cash an amount of securities at an exercise price that will be stated in, or that will be determinable as described in, the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus. Warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void. Warrants may be redeemed as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus.

Warrants may be exercised as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus. Upon receipt of payment and the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, we will forward, as soon as practicable, the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If less than all of the warrants represented by such warrant certificate are exercised, a new warrant certificate will be issued for the remaining warrants.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS

We may issue rights to purchase our common stock, preferred stock or debt securities. These rights may be issued independently or together with any other security offered hereby and may or may not be transferable by the stockholder receiving the rights in such offering. In connection with any offering of such rights, we may enter into a standby arrangement with one or more underwriters or other purchasers pursuant to which the underwriters or other purchasers may be required to purchase any securities remaining unsubscribed for after such offering.

Each series of rights will be issued under a separate rights agreement which we will enter into with a bank or trust company, as rights agent, all which will be set forth in the relevant offering material. The rights agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the certificates relating to the rights and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holders of rights certificates or beneficial owners of rights.

The following description is a summary of selected provisions relating to rights that we may offer. The summary is not complete. When rights are offered in the future, a prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, as applicable, will explain the particular terms of those securities and the extent to which these general provisions may apply. The specific terms of the rights as described in a prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus will supplement and, if applicable, may modify or replace the general terms described in this section.

This summary and any description of rights in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus is subject to and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the rights agreement and the rights certificates. We will file each of these documents, as applicable, with the SEC and incorporate them by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part on or before the time we issue a series of rights. See “Available Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference” above for information on how to obtain a copy of a document when it is filed.

The applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus may describe:

 

    in the case of a distribution of rights to our stockholders, the date of determining the stockholders entitled to the rights distribution;

 

    in the case of a distribution of rights to our stockholders, the number of rights issued or to be issued to each stockholder;

 

    the exercise price payable for the underlying common stock, preferred stock or other securities upon the exercise of the rights;

 

    the number and terms of the underlying common stock, preferred stock or other securities which may be purchased per each right;

 

    the extent to which the rights are transferable;

 

    the date on which the holder’s ability to exercise the rights shall commence and the date on which the rights shall expire;

 

    the extent to which the rights may include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities;

 

    if applicable, the material terms of any standby underwriting or purchase arrangement entered into by us in connection with the offering of such rights; and

 

    any other terms of the rights, including, but not limited to, the terms, procedures, conditions and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the rights.

The provisions described in this section, as well as those described under “— Description of Debt Securities” and “— Description of Capital Stock” above, will apply, as applicable, to any rights we offer.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

General

We may issue units composed of any combination of our common stock, preferred stock, debt securities or warrants to purchase these securities. We will issue each unit so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. As a result, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date.

The following description is a summary of selected provisions relating to units that we may offer. The summary is not complete. When units are offered in the future, a prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, as applicable, will explain the particular terms of those securities and the extent to which these general provisions may apply. The specific terms of the units as described in a prospectus supplement or information incorporated by reference will supplement and, if applicable, may modify or replace the general terms described in this section.

This summary and any description of units in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus is subject to and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the unit agreement, collateral arrangements and depositary arrangements, if applicable. We will file these documents with the SEC for incorporation by reference into this prospectus, as applicable. See “Available Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” for information on how to obtain a copy of a document when it is filed.

The applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus may describe:

 

    the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;

 

    any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities composing the units;

 

    whether the units will be issued in fully registered or global form; and

 

    any other terms of the units.

The applicable provisions described in this section, as well as those described under “Description of Debt Securities,” “Description of Capital Stock” and “Description of Warrants,” will apply to each unit and to each security included in each unit, respectively.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of securities for general corporate purposes. General corporate purposes may include the acquisition of companies or businesses, repayment and refinancing of debt, working capital and capital expenditures. We have not determined the amount of net proceeds to be used specifically for such purposes. As a result, management will retain broad discretion over the allocation of net proceeds.

 

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DILUTION

We will set forth in a prospectus supplement the following information regarding any material dilution of the equity interests of investors purchasing securities sold by us in an offering under this prospectus:

 

    the net tangible book value per share of our equity securities before and after the offering;

 

    the amount of the increase in such net tangible book value per share attributable to the cash payments made by purchasers in the offering; and

 

    the amount of the immediate dilution from the public offering price which will be absorbed by such purchasers.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may distribute the securities from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, or at prices determined as the prospectus supplement specifies. We may sell securities to one or more underwriters for public offering and sale by them or may sell securities to investors directly or through agents. We will name any underwriter or agent involved in the offer and sale of securities in the prospectus supplement. We will describe the terms of the offering of the securities in a prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, including:

 

    the name or names of any underwriters, if any;

 

    the purchase price of the securities and the proceeds we will receive from the sale;

 

    any underwriting discounts and other items constituting underwriters’ compensation;

 

    any public offering price;

 

    any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and

 

    any securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed.

Only underwriters we name in the prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus are underwriters of the securities offered thereby. Underwriters may offer and sell the securities at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed. Underwriters may also offer and sell securities at market prices, at prices related to market prices or at negotiated prices. We also may authorize underwriters acting as our agents to offer and sell the securities upon the terms and conditions set forth in any prospectus supplement. In connection with the sale of securities, we may be deemed to have paid compensation to the underwriters in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions. Underwriters may also receive commissions from purchasers of securities for whom they may act as agent. Underwriters may sell securities to or through dealers, and such dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions (which may be changed from time to time) from the purchasers for whom they may act as agent.

The distribution of securities may be effected, from time to time, in one or more transactions, including:

 

    block transactions (which may involve crosses) and transactions on the NASDAQ Capital Market or any other organized market where the securities may be traded;

 

    purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its own account pursuant to a prospectus supplement;

 

    ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which a broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

 

    sales “at the market” to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise; and

 

    sales in other ways not involving market makers or established trading markets, including direct sales to purchasers.

The securities may be sold at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, or at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices relating to the prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The consideration may be cash or another form negotiated by the parties. Agents, underwriters or broker-dealers may be paid compensation for offering and selling the securities. That compensation may be in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions to be received from us or from the purchasers of the securities. Underwriters, dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and compensation received by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. If such dealers or agents were deemed to be underwriters, they may be subject to statutory liabilities under the Securities Act. We may enter into agreements with underwriters, dealers and agents providing them indemnification against and contribution toward specified civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and reimbursement for various expenses.

 

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We may also make direct sales through subscription rights distributed to our existing stockholders on a pro rata basis, which may or may not be transferable. In any distribution of subscription rights to our stockholders, if all of the underlying securities are not subscribed for, we may then sell the unsubscribed securities directly to third parties or may engage the services of one or more underwriters, dealers or agents, including standby underwriters, to sell the unsubscribed securities to third parties.

Some or all of the securities that we offer though this prospectus may be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters to whom we sell our securities for public offering and sale may make a market in those securities, but they will not be obligated to do so and they may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. Accordingly, we cannot assure you of the liquidity of, or continued trading markets for, any securities that we offer.

We will indicate the extent to which we anticipate that a secondary market for the securities will be available in the prospectus supplement. Our common stock and warrants are listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market. Except as indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, securities other than those are not expected to be listed on any securities exchange.

Agents may, from time to time, solicit offers to purchase the securities. If required, we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement, document incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, as applicable, any agent involved in the offer or sale of the securities and set forth any compensation payable to the agent. Unless otherwise indicated, any agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment. Any agent selling the securities covered by this prospectus may be deemed to be an underwriter, as that term is defined in the Securities Act, of the securities.

If underwriters are used in an offering, securities will be acquired by the underwriters for their own account and may be resold, from time to time, in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or under delayed delivery contracts or other contractual commitments. Securities may be offered to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. If an underwriter or underwriters are used in the sale of securities, an underwriting agreement will be executed with the underwriter or underwriters at the time an agreement for the sale is reached.

If a dealer is used in the sale of the securities, we or an underwriter will sell the securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale. To the extent required, we will set forth in the prospectus supplement, document incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, as applicable, the name of the dealer and the terms of the transactions.

We may directly solicit offers to purchase the securities and may make sales of securities directly to institutional investors or others. These persons may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any resale of the securities. To the extent required, the prospectus supplement, document incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, as applicable, will describe the terms of any such sales, including the terms of any bidding or auction process, if used.

Agents, underwriters and dealers may be entitled under agreements which may be entered into with us to indemnification against specified liabilities, including liabilities incurred under the Securities Act, or to contribution to payments they may be required to make in respect of such liabilities. If required, the prospectus supplement, documents incorporated by reference or related free writing prospectus, as applicable, will describe the terms and conditions of such indemnification or contribution. Some of the agents, underwriters or dealers, or their affiliates may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us, our subsidiaries or affiliates in the ordinary course of business.

 

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Under the securities laws of some states, the securities offered by this prospectus may be sold in those states only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers.

Any person participating in the distribution of common stock registered under the registration statement that includes this prospectus will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act, and the applicable SEC rules and regulations, including, among others, Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of our common stock by any such person. Furthermore, Regulation M may restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of our common stock to engage in market-making activities with respect to our common stock. These restrictions may affect the marketability of our common stock and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to our common stock.

Certain persons participating in an offering may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short-covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the offered securities. If any such activities will occur, they will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

This prospectus may be amended or supplemented from time to time, if required, to describe a specific plan of distribution.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

Shearman & Sterling LLP will pass upon the validity of the securities offered pursuant to this prospectus for us.

EXPERTS

Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, as set forth in their report, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young LLP’s report, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

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LOGO

6,114,013 Class B Warrants to purchase 3,057,007 Shares of Common Stock

6,880,333 Shares of Common Stock issuable upon the

exercise of 6,880,333 outstanding Class A Warrants

3,057,007 Shares of Common Stock issuable upon the

exercise of 6,114,013 Class B Warrants

206,410 Shares of Common Stock issuable upon the

exercise of the Representative’s Warrant

Prospectus Supplement dated October 27, 2015