SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation | Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation—The accompanying consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of the Operating Partnership and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (over which we exercise financial and operating control). The financial statements of the Operating Partnership are prepared using accounting policies consistent with our accounting policies. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated upon consolidation. Debt issued under the Bond Registration is issued by the Operating Partnership and fully and unconditionally guaranteed by us. At December 31, 2021, the Operating Partnership had issued and outstanding its 2.625% senior notes. The obligations of the Operating Partnership to pay principal, premiums, if any, and interest on the 2.625% senior notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by us on a senior basis. As a result of the amendments to SEC Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X, subsidiary issuers of obligations guaranteed by the parent are not required to provide separate financial statements, provided that: (i) the subsidiary obligor is consolidated into the parent company’s consolidated financial statements, (ii) the parent guarantee is “full and unconditional”, and (iii) subject to certain exceptions as set forth below, the alternative disclosure required by Rule 13-01 of Regulation S-X is provided, which includes narrative disclosure and summarized financial information. We meet the conditions of this requirement and thus, are not presenting separate financial statements. Furthermore, as permitted under Rule 13-01(a)(4)(vi) of Regulation S-X, we have excluded the summarized financial information for the Operating Partnership because the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of the Operating Partnership are not materially different than the corresponding in our consolidated financial statements, and management believes such summarized financial information would be repetitive and would not provide incremental value to investors.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates—The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. For example, significant estimates and assumptions have been made with respect to the useful lives of assets; remaining hold periods of assets; recoverable amounts of receivables; initial valuations of tangible and intangible assets and liabilities, including goodwill, and related amortization periods of deferred costs and intangibles, particularly with respect to property acquisitions; the valuation and nature of derivatives and their effectiveness as hedges; valuations of contingent consideration; and other fair value measurement assessments required for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Underwritten IPO Costs | Underwritten IPO Costs—Underwritten IPO costs are offset against underwritten IPO proceeds and included as a component of APIC on the consolidated balance sheets. Other costs and expenses incurred that were related to our underwritten IPO activities but were not directly related to our equity raise, including grants of restricted stock units (“RSUs”), were not capitalized and are included as transaction costs in Other (Expense) Income, Net on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) (“consolidated statements of operations”). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partially-Owned Entities | Partially-Owned Entities—If we determine that we are an owner in a variable-interest entity (“VIE”), and we hold a controlling financial interest, then we will consolidate the entity as the primary beneficiary. For a partially-owned entity determined not to be a VIE, we analyze rights held by each partner to determine which would be the consolidating party. We will generally consolidate entities (in the absence of other factors when determining control) when we have over a 50% ownership interest in the entity. We will assess our interests in VIEs on an ongoing basis to determine whether or not we are the primary beneficiary. However, we will also evaluate who controls the entity even in circumstances in which we have greater than a 50% ownership interest. If we do not control the entity due to the lack of decision-making abilities, we will not consolidate the entity. We have determined that the Operating Partnership is considered a VIE. We are the primary beneficiary of the VIE and our partnership interest is considered a majority voting interest. As such, we have consolidated the Operating Partnership and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Further, as we hold a majority voting interest in the Operating Partnership, we qualify for the exemption from providing certain of the disclosure requirements associated with variable interest entities. Additionally, a Section 1031 like-kind exchange (“Section 1031 Exchange”) pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the “IRC”), entails selling one property and reinvesting the proceeds in one or more properties that are similar in nature, character, or class within 180 days. A reverse Section 1031 Exchange occurs when one or more properties is purchased prior to selling one property to be matched in the like-kind exchange, during which time legal title to the purchased property is held by an intermediary. Because we retain essentially all of the legal and economic benefits and obligations related to the acquisition, we consider the purchased property in a reverse Section 1031 Exchange to be a VIE, and therefore, we will consolidate the entity as the primary beneficiary in these instances.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Noncontrolling Interests | Noncontrolling Interests—Noncontrolling interests represent the portion of equity that we do not own in the entities we consolidate. We classify noncontrolling interests within permanent equity on our consolidated balance sheets. The amounts of consolidated net earnings attributable to us and to the noncontrolling interests are presented separately on our consolidated statements of operations. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents—We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents may include cash and short-term investments. Short-term investments are stated at cost, which approximates fair value and may consist of investments in money market accounts and money market funds. From time to time, the cash and cash equivalent balances at one or more of our financial institutions may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Corporation coverage. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted Cash | Restricted Cash—Restricted cash primarily consists of cash restricted for the purpose of facilitating a Section 1031 Exchange, escrowed tenant improvement funds, real estate taxes, capital improvement funds, insurance premiums, and other amounts required to be escrowed pursuant to loan agreements. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in Property and Lease Intangibles | Investment in Property and Lease Intangibles—We apply Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805: Business Combinations (“ASC 805”) when evaluating any purchases of real estate. Under this guidance, our real estate acquisition activity is not generally considered a business combination and is instead classified as an asset acquisition. As a result, most acquisition-related costs are capitalized and amortized over the life of the related assets, and there is no recognition of goodwill. None of our real estate acquisitions in 2021 and 2020 met the definition of a business; therefore, we accounted for all as asset acquisitions. Real estate assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The majority of acquisition-related costs are capitalized and allocated to the various classes of assets acquired. These costs are then depreciated over the estimated useful lives associated with the assets acquired. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. The estimated useful lives for computing depreciation are generally not to exceed 5-7 years for furniture, fixtures, and equipment, 15 years for land improvements, and 30 years for buildings and building improvements. Tenant improvements are amortized over the shorter of the respective lease term or the expected useful life of the asset. Major replacements that extend the useful lives of the assets are capitalized, and maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred. We assess the acquisition-date fair values of all tangible assets, identifiable intangibles, and assumed liabilities using methods similar to those used by independent appraisers (e.g., discounted cash flow analysis, sales comparison approach, and replacement cost approach) that utilize appropriate discount and/or capitalization rates and available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions. The fair value of tangible assets of an acquired property considers the value of the property as if it were vacant. The fair values of buildings and improvements are determined on an as-if-vacant basis. The estimated fair value of acquired in-place leases is the cost we would have incurred to lease the properties to the occupancy level of the properties at the date of acquisition. Such estimates include leasing commissions, legal costs, and other direct costs that would be incurred to lease the properties to such occupancy levels. Additionally, we evaluate the time period over which such occupancy levels would be achieved. Such evaluation includes an estimate of the net market-based rental revenues and net operating costs (primarily consisting of real estate taxes, insurance, and utilities) that would be incurred during the lease-up period. Acquired in-place leases as of the date of acquisition are amortized over the remaining lease terms. Acquired above- and below-market lease values are recorded based on the present value (using discount rates that reflect the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases and management’s estimate of the market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases. The capitalized above- and below-market lease values are amortized as adjustments to rental income over the remaining terms of the respective leases. We also consider fixed-rate renewal options in our calculation of the fair value of below-market leases and the periods over which such leases are amortized. If a tenant has a unilateral option to renew a below-market lease and we determine that the tenant has a financial incentive to exercise such option, we include such option in the calculation of the fair value of such lease and the period over which the lease is amortized. We estimate the value of tenant origination and absorption costs by considering the estimated carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods, considering current market conditions. In estimating carrying costs, management includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses, and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up periods. We estimate the fair value of assumed loans payable based upon indications of then-current market pricing for similar types of debt with similar maturities. Assumed loans payable are initially recorded at their estimated fair value as of the assumption date, and the difference between such estimated fair value and the loan’s outstanding principal balance is amortized over the life of the loan as an adjustment to interest expense. Our accumulated amortization of above- and below-market debt was $1.1 million and $2.9 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Real estate assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the individual property may not be recoverable. In such an event, a comparison will be made of the projected operating cash flows of each property on an undiscounted basis to the carrying amount of such property. If deemed unrecoverable on an undiscounted basis, such carrying amount would be adjusted, if necessary, to estimated fair values to reflect impairment in the value of the asset.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill and Other Intangibles | Goodwill and Other Intangibles—In the case of an acquisition of a business, after identifying all tangible and intangible assets and liabilities, the excess consideration paid over the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired represents goodwill. We allocate goodwill to the respective reporting units in which such goodwill arises. We evaluate goodwill for impairment when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable, or at least annually. Our annual testing date is November 30. The goodwill impairment evaluation is completed using either a qualitative or quantitative approach. Under a qualitative approach, the impairment review for goodwill consists of an assessment of whether it is more-likely-than-not that the reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying value, including goodwill. If a qualitative approach indicates it is more likely-than-not that the estimated carrying value of a reporting unit (including goodwill) exceeds its fair value, or if we choose to bypass the qualitative approach for any reporting unit, we perform the quantitative approach described below. When we perform a quantitative test of goodwill for impairment, we compare the carrying value of a reporting unit with its fair value. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, we do not consider goodwill to be impaired and no further analysis would be required. If the fair value is determined to be less than its carrying value, the amount of goodwill impairment equals the amount by which the reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. If impairment indicators arise with respect to non-real estate intangible assets with finite useful lives, we evaluate impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, then we estimate the fair value of the asset and compare the estimated fair value to the intangible asset’s carrying value. We recognize the shortfall from carrying value as an impairment loss in the current period. Estimates of fair value used in our evaluation of goodwill and intangible assets are based upon discounted future cash flow projections, relevant competitor multiples, or other acceptable valuation techniques. These techniques are based, in turn, upon all available evidence including level three inputs (see fair value measurement policy below), such as revenue and expense growth rates, estimates of future cash flows, capitalization rates, discount rates, general economic conditions and trends, or other available market data. Our ability to accurately predict future operating results and cash flows and to estimate and determine fair values impacts the timing and recognition of impairments. While we believe our assumptions are reasonable, changes in these assumptions may have a material impact on our financial results.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Held for Sale Assets | Held for Sale Assets—We consider assets to be held for sale when management believes that a sale is probable within a year. This generally occurs when a sales contract is executed with no substantive contingencies, and the prospective buyer has significant funds at risk. Assets that are classified as held for sale are recorded at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred Financing Expenses | Deferred Financing Expenses—Deferred financing expenses are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related financing arrangement, which approximates the effective interest method. Deferred financing expenses related to our term loan facilities and mortgages are in Debt Obligations, Net, while deferred financing expenses related to our revolving credit facility are in Other Assets, Net, on our consolidated balance sheets. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value Measurement | Fair Value Measurement—ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”) defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820 emphasizes that fair value is intended to be a market-based measurement, as opposed to a transaction-specific measurement. Fair value is defined by ASC 820 as the price that would be received at sale for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Depending on the nature of the asset or liability, various techniques and assumptions can be used to estimate the fair value. Assets and liabilities are measured using inputs from three levels of the fair value hierarchy, as follows: Level 1—Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access at the measurement date. An active market is defined as a market in which transactions for the assets or liabilities occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. Level 2—Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active (markets with few transactions), inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (i.e., interest rates, yield curves, etc.), and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs). Level 3—Unobservable inputs, only used to the extent that observable inputs are not available, reflect our assumptions about the pricing of an asset or liability. Considerable judgment is necessary to develop estimated fair values of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts we did or could actually realize upon disposition of the financial assets and liabilities previously sold or currently held. On a quarterly basis, we employ a multi-step approach to assess our real estate assets for possible impairment and record any impairment charges identified. The first step is the identification of potential triggering events, such as significant decreases in occupancy or the presence of large dark or vacant spaces. If we observe any of these indicators for a shopping center, we then perform an additional screen test consisting of a years-to-recover analysis to determine if we will recover the net book value of the property over its remaining economic life based upon net operating income (“NOI”) as forecasted for the current year. In the event that the results of this first step indicate a triggering event for a center, we proceed to the second step, utilizing an undiscounted cash flow model for the center to identify potential impairment. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the net book value of the center as of the balance sheet date, we record an impairment charge based on the fair value determined in the third step. In performing the third step, we utilize market data such as capitalization rates and sales price per square foot on comparable recent real estate transactions to estimate the fair value of the real estate assets. We also utilize expected net sales proceeds to estimate the fair value of any centers that are actively being marketed for sale. In addition to these procedures, we also review undeveloped or unimproved land parcels that we own for evidence of impairment and record any impairment charges as necessary. Primary impairment triggers for these land parcels are changes to our plans or intentions with regards to such properties, or planned dispositions at prices that are less than the current carrying values.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures | Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures—We account for our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures using the equity method of accounting as we exercise significant influence over, but do not control, these entities. These investments were initially recorded at cost and are subsequently adjusted for contributions made to and distributions received from the joint ventures. Earnings or losses from our investments are recognized in accordance with the terms of the applicable joint venture agreements, generally through a pro rata allocation. Under a pro rata allocation, net income or loss is allocated between the partners in the joint ventures based on their respective stated ownership percentages. We utilize the cumulative-earnings approach for purposes of determining whether distributions should be classified as either a return on investment, which would be included in operating activities, or a return of investment, which would be included in investing activities on the consolidated statements of cash flows. Under this approach, distributions are presumed to be returns on investment unless cumulative returns on investment exceed our cumulative equity in earnings. When such an excess occurs, the current-period distribution up to this excess is considered a return of investment and classified as cash flows from investing activities. On a periodic basis, management assesses whether there are indicators, including the operating performance of the underlying real estate and general market conditions, that the value of our investments in our unconsolidated joint ventures may be impaired. An investment’s value is impaired only if management’s estimate of the fair value of the investment is less than its carrying value and such difference is deemed to be other-than-temporary. To the extent impairment has occurred, the loss is measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the investment over its estimated fair value. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon a discounted cash flow model for each specific investment that includes all estimated cash inflows and outflows over a specified holding period. Where applicable, any estimated debt premiums, capitalization rates, discount rates and credit spreads used in these models are based upon rates we believe to be within a reasonable range of current market rates. Our joint venture investment in NRP was acquired as part of an acquisition and initially recorded at fair value. Basis differences arise when the fair value we record differs from our proportionate share of the entity’s underlying net assets. A basis difference for our joint venture is amortized starting at the date of acquisition and recorded as an offset to earnings from the related joint venture in Other (Expense) Income, Net on our consolidated statements of operations. When a property is sold, the remaining basis difference related to that property is written off.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Leases, Lessor | Leases—We are party to a number of lease agreements, both as a lessor as well as a lessee of various types of assets. Lessor—The majority of our revenue is lease revenue derived from our real estate assets, which is accounted for under ASC Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). We adopted the accounting guidance contained within ASC 842 on January 1, 2019, the effective date of the standard for public companies. We record lease and lease-related revenue as Rental Income on the consolidated statements of operations, in accordance with ASC 842. We enter into leases primarily as a lessor as part of our real estate operations, and leases represent the majority of our revenue. We lease space in our properties generally in the form of operating leases. Our leases typically provide for reimbursements from tenants for common area maintenance, insurance, and real estate tax expenses. Common area maintenance reimbursements can be fixed, with revenue earned on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, or variable, with revenue recognized as services are performed for which we will be reimbursed. The lease agreements frequently contain fixed-price renewal options to extend the terms of leases and other terms and conditions as negotiated. In calculating the term of our leases, we consider whether these options are reasonably certain to be exercised. Our determination involves a combination of contract-, asset-, entity-, and market-based factors and involves considerable judgment. We retain substantially all of the risks and benefits of ownership of the real estate assets leased to tenants. Currently, our tenants have no options to purchase at the end of the lease term, although in a small number of leases, a tenant, usually the anchor tenant, may have the right of first refusal to purchase one of our properties if we elect to sell the center. We evaluate whether a lease is an operating, sales-type, or direct financing lease using the criteria established in ASC 842. Leases will be considered either sales-type or direct financing leases if any of the following criteria are met: •if the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the lessee by the end of the term; •if the lease grants the lessee an option to purchase the underlying asset that is reasonably certain to be exercised; •if the lease term is for the major part of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset; or •if the present value of the sum of the lease payments and any residual value guaranteed by the lessee equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the underlying asset. We utilize substantial judgment in determining the fair value of the leased asset, the economic life of the leased asset, and the relevant borrowing rate in performing our lease classification analysis. If none of the criteria listed above are met, the lease is classified as an operating lease. Currently, all of our leases are classified as operating leases, and we expect that the majority, if not all, of our leases will continue to be classified as operating leases based upon our typical lease terms. We commence revenue recognition on our leases based on a number of factors. In most cases, revenue recognition under a lease begins when the lessee takes possession of or controls the physical use of the leased asset. The determination of when revenue recognition under a lease begins, as well as the nature of the leased asset, is dependent upon our assessment of who is the owner, for accounting purposes, of any related tenant improvements. If we are the owner, for accounting purposes, of the tenant improvements, then the leased asset is the finished space, and revenue recognition begins when the lessee takes possession of the finished space, typically when the improvements are substantially complete. If we conclude that we are not the owner, for accounting purposes, of the tenant improvements (i.e., the lessee is the owner), then the leased asset is the unimproved space and any tenant allowances funded under the lease are treated as lease incentives, which reduce revenue recognized over the term of the lease. In these circumstances, we begin revenue recognition when the lessee takes possession of the unimproved space to construct their own improvements. We consider a number of different factors in evaluating whether the lessee or we are the owner of the tenant improvements for accounting purposes. These factors include: •whether the lease stipulates how and on what a tenant improvement allowance may be spent; •whether the tenant or landlord retains legal title to the improvements; •the uniqueness of the improvements; •the expected economic life of the tenant improvements relative to the length of the lease; and •who constructs or directs the construction of the improvements. The majority of our leases provide for fixed rental escalations, and we recognize rental income on a straight-line basis over the term of each lease in such instances. The difference between rental income earned on a straight-line basis and the cash rent due under the provisions of the lease agreements is recorded as deferred rent receivable and is included as a component of Other Assets, Net. Due to the impact of the straight-line adjustments, rental income generally will be greater than the cash collected in the early years and will be less than the cash collected in the later years of a lease. Reimbursements from tenants for recoverable real estate taxes and operating expenses that are fixed per the terms of the applicable lease agreements are recorded on a straight-line basis, as described above. The majority of our lease agreements with tenants, however, provide for tenant reimbursements that are variable depending upon the applicable expenses incurred. These reimbursements are accrued as revenue in the period in which the applicable expenses are incurred. We make certain assumptions and judgments in estimating the reimbursements at the end of each reporting period. We do not expect the actual results to materially differ from the estimated reimbursements. Both fixed and variable tenant reimbursements are recorded as Rental Income in the consolidated statements of operations. In certain cases, the lease agreement may stipulate that a tenant make a direct payment for real estate taxes to the relevant taxing authorities. In these cases, beginning on January 1, 2019, we no longer record any revenue or expense related to these tenant expenditures. Although we expect such cases to be rare, in the event that a direct-paying tenant failed to make their required payment to the taxing authorities, we would potentially be liable for such amounts, although they are not recorded as a liability in our consolidated balance sheets per the requirements of ASC 842. We have made a policy election to exclude amounts collected from customers for all sales tax and other similar taxes from the transaction price in our recognition of lease revenue. We record such taxes on a net basis in our consolidated statements of operations. Additionally, we record an immaterial amount of variable revenue in the form of percentage rental income. Our policy for percentage rental income is to defer recognition of contingent rental income until the specified target (i.e., breakpoint) that triggers the contingent rental income is achieved. In some instances, as part of our negotiations, we may offer lease incentives to our tenants. These incentives usually take the form of payments made to or on behalf of the tenant, and such incentives will be deducted from the lease payment and recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the new lease. We record lease termination income if there is a signed termination agreement, all of the conditions of the agreement have been met, collectibility is reasonably assured, and the tenant is no longer occupying the property. Upon early lease termination, we provide for losses related to unrecovered tenant-specific intangibles and other assets. We record lease termination income as Rental Income in the consolidated statements of operations. Historically, we periodically reviewed the collectibility of outstanding receivables. Following the adoption of ASC 842, lease receivables are reviewed continually to determine whether or not it is probable that we will realize substantially all remaining lease payments for each of our tenants (i.e., whether a tenant is deemed to be a credit risk). Additionally, we record a general reserve based on our review of operating lease receivables at a company level to ensure they are properly valued based on analysis of historical bad debt, outstanding balances, and the current economic climate. If we determine it is not probable that we will collect substantially all of the remaining lease payments from a tenant, revenue for that tenant is recorded on a cash basis (“cash-basis tenant”), including any amounts relating to straight-line rent receivables and/or receivables for recoverable expenses. We will resume recording lease income on an accrual basis for cash-basis tenants once we believe the collection of rent for the remaining lease term is probable, which will generally be after a period of regular payments. Under ASC 842, the aforementioned adjustments as well as any reserve for disputed charges are recorded as a reduction of Rental Income on the consolidated statements of operations.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Leases, Lessee | Lessee—We enter into leases as a lessee as part of our real estate operations in the form of ground leases of land for certain properties, and as part of our corporate operations in the form of office space and office equipment leases. Ground leases typically contain one or more options to renew for additional terms and may include options that grant us, as the lessee, the right to terminate the lease, without penalty, in advance of the full lease term. Our office space leases generally have no renewal options. Office equipment leases typically have options to extend the term for a year or less, but contain minimal termination rights. In calculating the term of our leases, we consider whether we are reasonably certain to exercise renewal and/or termination options. Our determination involves a combination of contract-, asset-, entity-, and market-based factors and involves considerable judgment. Currently, neither our operating leases nor our finance leases have residual value guarantees or other restrictions or covenants, but a small number may contain non-lease components which have been deemed not material and are not separated from the leasing component. Beginning January 1, 2019, we evaluate whether a lease is a finance or operating lease using the criteria established in ASC 842. The criteria we use to determine whether a lease is a finance lease are the same as those we use to determine whether a lease is sales-type lease as a lessor. If none of the finance lease criteria is met, we classify the lease as an operating lease. We record ROU assets and liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets based upon the terms and conditions of the applicable lease agreement. We use discount rates to calculate the present value of lease payments when determining lease classification and measuring our lease liability. We use the rate implicit in the lease as our discount rate unless that rate cannot be readily determined, in which case we consider various factors, including our incremental secured borrowing rate, in selecting an appropriate discount rate. This requires the application of judgment, and we consider the length of the lease as well as the length and securitization of our outstanding debt agreements in selecting an appropriate rate.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition—In addition to our lease-related revenue, we also earn fee revenues by providing services to the Managed Funds. These fees are accounted for within the scope of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), and are recorded as Fees and Management Income on the consolidated statements of operations. We provide services to the Managed Funds, all of which are considered related parties. These services primarily include asset acquisition and disposition services, asset management, operating and leasing of properties, construction management, and other general and administrative responsibilities. These services are currently provided under various combinations of advisory agreements, property management agreements, and other service agreements (the “Management Agreements”). The wide variety of duties within the Management Agreements makes determining the performance obligations within the contracts a matter of judgment. We have concluded that each of the separately disclosed fee types in the below table represents a separate performance obligation within the Management Agreements.
Due to the nature of the services being provided under our Management Agreements, each performance obligation has a variable component. Therefore, when we determine the transaction price for the contracts, we are required to constrain our estimate to an amount that is not probable of significant revenue reversal. For most of these fee types, such as acquisition fees and leasing commissions, compensation only occurs if a transaction takes place and the amount of compensation is dependent upon the terms of the transaction. For our property and asset management fees, due to the large number and broad range of possible consideration amounts, we calculate the amount earned at the end of each month. In addition to the fees listed above, certain of our Management Agreements include the potential for additional revenues if certain market conditions are in place or certain events take place. We have not recognized revenue related to these fees, nor will we until it is no longer highly probable that there would be a material reversal of revenue. Sales or transfers to non-customers of non-financial assets or in substance non-financial assets that do not meet the definition of a business are accounted for within the scope of ASC Topic 610-20, Other Income—Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (“ASC 610-20”). Generally, our sales of real estate would be considered a sale of a non-financial asset as defined by ASC 610-20. Under ASC 610-20, if we determine we do not have a controlling financial interest in the entity that holds the asset and the arrangement meets the criteria to be accounted for as a contract, we would derecognize the asset and recognize a gain or loss on the sale of the real estate when control of the underlying asset transfers to the buyer. Further, we may defer a tax gain through a Section 1031 Exchange by purchasing another property within a specified time period.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-Based Compensation | Share-Based Compensation—We account for equity awards in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation, which requires that all share based payments to employees and non-employee directors be recognized in the consolidated statements of operations over the requisite service period based on their fair value. Prior to our underwritten IPO, fair value was based on the estimated value per share (“EVPS”) of our stock. Subsequent to our underwritten IPO, fair value is based on the Nasdaq closing stock price at the date of the grant. In connection with a 2017 acquisition, we assumed employee awards of phantom stock units. For these share-based awards that were settled in cash and recorded as a liability, the fair value and associated expense was adjusted when the published price of our stock changed. The phantom stock units were fully vested as of December 31, 2020. Share-based compensation expense for all awards is included in General and Administrative and Property Operating in our consolidated statements of operations, excluding the expense related to RSUs awarded in connection with our underwritten IPO, which is included in Other (Expense) Income, Net. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of Common Stock | Repurchase of Common Stock—Prior to its termination in August 2021, we offered a share repurchase program (“SRP”) which allowed stockholders who participated to have their shares repurchased subject to approval and certain limitations and restrictions. Shares repurchased pursuant to our SRP were immediately retired upon purchase. Repurchased common stock was reflected as a reduction of stockholders’ equity. Our accounting policy related to share repurchases was to reduce common stock based on the par value of the shares and to reduce capital surplus for the excess of the repurchase price over the par value. Since the inception of the SRP in August 2010, we have had an accumulated deficit balance; therefore, the excess over the par value has been applied to additional paid-in capital. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segments | Segments—Our principal business is the ownership and operation of community and neighborhood shopping centers. We do not distinguish our principal business, or group our operations, by geography or size for purposes of measuring performance. Accordingly, we have presented our results as a single reportable segment. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Taxes | Income Taxes—We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the IRC. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet a number of organization and operational requirements, including a requirement to annually distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding net capital gains. We intend to continue to adhere to these requirements and to maintain our REIT status. As a REIT, we are entitled to a deduction for some or all of the distributions we pay to our stockholders. Accordingly, we are generally subject to U.S. federal income taxes on any taxable income that is not currently distributed to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to U.S. federal income taxes and may not be able to qualify as a REIT until the fifth subsequent taxable year.Notwithstanding our qualification as a REIT, we may be subject to certain state and local taxes on our income or properties. In addition, our consolidated financial statements include the operations of wholly-owned subsidiaries that have jointly elected to be treated as taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”) entities and are subject to U.S. federal, state, and local income taxes at regular corporate tax rates. As a REIT, we may also be subject to certain U.S. federal excise taxes if we engage in certain types of transactions. We recognized an insignificant amount of federal, state, and local income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 and we retain a full valuation allowance for our net deferred tax asset. All income tax amounts are included in Other (Expense) Income, Net on our consolidated statements of operations. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Newly Adopted Accounting Pronouncements | Newly Adopted Accounting Pronouncements—The following table provides a brief description of newly adopted accounting pronouncements and their effect on our consolidated financial statements:
|