Income Taxes	9 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes Our consolidated interim effective tax rate is based on our expected annual operating income, statutory tax rates, and income tax laws in the various jurisdictions where we operate. Significant or unusual items, including adjustments to accruals for tax uncertainties, are recognized in the fiscal quarter in which the related event or a change in judgment occurs. The effective tax rate of 19.2% for the nine months ended January 31, 2019, is lower than the expected tax rate of 21.9% on ordinary income for the full fiscal year, primarily due to (a) the impact of discrete items, including true-ups to prior year tax returns, (b) the impact of the current year net adjustment to the provisional repatriation U.S. tax charge that was made during fiscal 2018 (discussed below), and (c) excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation. Our expected tax rate includes current fiscal year additions for existing tax contingency items. We expect our full year effective tax rate to be between 19.0% and 20.0% based on the tax rate of 21.9% on ordinary income for the full fiscal year adjusted for known discrete items. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Act). The Tax Act significantly revised the future, ongoing U.S. corporate income tax by, among other things, lowering U.S. corporate income tax rates and implementing a territorial tax system. As we have an April 30 fiscal year-end, the lower corporate income tax rate was phased in, resulting in a U.S. statutory federal rate of 30.4% for our fiscal year ended April 30, 2018, and 21% for our current and subsequent fiscal years. For the nine months ended January 31, 2019, the reduction of the U.S. statutory federal rate from 35% (the pre-Tax Act rate) to 21% resulted in a tax benefit of approximately $90 million. There were also certain transitional impacts of the Tax Act. As part of the transition to the new territorial tax system, the Tax Act imposed a one-time repatriation tax on deemed repatriation of historical earnings of foreign subsidiaries. In addition, we adjusted our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities to the lower federal base rate of 21%. These transitional impacts resulted in a provisional net charge of $43 million for the year ended April 30, 2018, comprising of a provisional repatriation U.S. tax charge of $91 million and a provisional net deferred tax benefit of $48 million. In the nine months ended January 31, 2019, we recorded a benefit of $4 million as an adjustment to the provisional repatriation tax. The Tax Act also established new tax laws that impact our financial statements beginning in the current fiscal year. These new laws include, but are not limited to (a) Global Intangible Low-Tax Income (GILTI), a new inclusion rule affecting non-routine income earned by foreign subsidiaries; (b) Base Erosion Anti-abuse Tax (BEAT), a new minimum tax; (c) Foreign-Derived Intangible Income (FDII), a new preferential tax rate for domestic income earned from serving foreign markets; (d) repeal of the domestic production activity deduction; and (e) limitations on the deductibility of certain executive compensation. For the nine months ended January 31, 2019, the net impact of these provisions was approximately $8 million of additional tax. As noted, certain income earned by foreign subsidiaries must be included in U.S. taxable income under the GILTI provisions. The FASB allows an accounting policy election to either recognize deferred taxes for temporary differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future years (deferred method) or recognize such taxes as a current period expense when incurred (period cost method). We have elected to account for GILTI using the period cost method. Historically, we have asserted that the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries are reinvested indefinitely outside the United States. Therefore, no income taxes have been provided for any outside basis differences inherent in these subsidiaries other than those subject to the one-time repatriation tax. As of October 31, 2018, we changed our indefinite reinvestment assertion with respect to current year earnings and prior year undistributed earnings for one of those foreign subsidiaries (but not for its other outside basis differences) and repatriated approximately $120 million of cash to the United States from this subsidiary during the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2019. No incremental taxes are due on this distribution of cash beyond the repatriation tax recorded in fiscal year 2018. As of January 31, 2019, we changed our indefinite reinvestment assertion with respect to current year earnings and prior year undistributed earnings for additional select foreign subsidiaries (but not outside basis differences). Although these earnings are no longer indefinitely reinvested and may now be distributed within our foreign entity structure, they remain indefinitely reinvested outside the United States. No deferred taxes have been recorded as no withholding taxes would be due on their distribution. Also, any income tax related to foreign exchange fluctuations that would be due on the distribution of these earnings would be subject to the GILTI provisions and be recorded as incurred. We have not changed the indefinite reinvestment assertion on the undistributed earnings or other outside basis differences of any of our other remaining foreign subsidiaries and no deferred taxes have been provided. The changes included in the Tax Act are broad and complex. The SEC issued rules that allowed for a measurement period of up to one year after the enactment date of the Tax Act to finalize the recording of the related tax impacts. As of January 31, 2019, the amounts recorded for the Tax Act for the one-time repatriation tax and the adjustment to our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities have been finalized and are no longer deemed to be provisional.

Income Taxes

Our consolidated interim effective tax rate is based on our expected annual operating income, statutory tax rates, and income tax laws in the various jurisdictions where we operate. Significant or unusual items, including adjustments to accruals for tax uncertainties, are recognized in the fiscal quarter in which the related event or a change in judgment occurs. The effective tax rate of 19.2% for the nine months ended January 31, 2019, is lower than the expected tax rate of 21.9% on ordinary income for the full fiscal year, primarily due to (a) the impact of discrete items, including true-ups to prior year tax returns, (b) the impact of the current year net adjustment to the provisional repatriation U.S. tax charge that was made during fiscal 2018 (discussed below), and (c) excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation. Our expected tax rate includes current fiscal year additions for existing tax contingency items. We expect our full year effective tax rate to be between 19.0% and 20.0% based on the tax rate of 21.9% on ordinary income for the full fiscal year adjusted for known discrete items.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Act). The Tax Act significantly revised the future, ongoing U.S. corporate income tax by, among other things, lowering U.S. corporate income tax rates and implementing a territorial tax system. As we have an April 30 fiscal year-end, the lower corporate income tax rate was phased in, resulting in a U.S. statutory federal rate of 30.4% for our fiscal year ended April 30, 2018, and 21% for our current and subsequent fiscal years. For the nine months ended January 31, 2019, the reduction of the U.S. statutory federal rate from 35% (the pre-Tax Act rate) to 21% resulted in a tax benefit of approximately $90 million.

There were also certain transitional impacts of the Tax Act. As part of the transition to the new territorial tax system, the Tax Act imposed a one-time repatriation tax on deemed repatriation of historical earnings of foreign subsidiaries. In addition, we adjusted our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities to the lower federal base rate of 21%. These transitional impacts resulted in a provisional net charge of $43 million for the year ended April 30, 2018, comprising of a provisional repatriation U.S. tax charge of $91 million and a provisional net deferred tax benefit of $48 million. In the nine months ended January 31, 2019, we recorded a benefit of $4 million as an adjustment to the provisional repatriation tax.

The Tax Act also established new tax laws that impact our financial statements beginning in the current fiscal year. These new laws include, but are not limited to (a) Global Intangible Low-Tax Income (GILTI), a new inclusion rule affecting non-routine income earned by foreign subsidiaries; (b) Base Erosion Anti-abuse Tax (BEAT), a new minimum tax; (c) Foreign-Derived Intangible Income (FDII), a new preferential tax rate for domestic income earned from serving foreign markets; (d) repeal of the domestic production activity deduction; and (e) limitations on the deductibility of certain executive compensation. For the nine months ended January 31, 2019, the net impact of these provisions was approximately $8 million of additional tax.

As noted, certain income earned by foreign subsidiaries must be included in U.S. taxable income under the GILTI provisions. The FASB allows an accounting policy election to either recognize deferred taxes for temporary differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future years (deferred method) or recognize such taxes as a current period expense when incurred (period cost method). We have elected to account for GILTI using the period cost method.

Historically, we have asserted that the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries are reinvested indefinitely outside the United States. Therefore, no income taxes have been provided for any outside basis differences inherent in these subsidiaries other than those subject to the one-time repatriation tax. As of October 31, 2018, we changed our indefinite reinvestment assertion with respect to current year earnings and prior year undistributed earnings for one of those foreign subsidiaries (but not for its other outside basis differences) and repatriated approximately $120 million of cash to the United States from this subsidiary during the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2019. No incremental taxes are due on this distribution of cash beyond the repatriation tax recorded in fiscal year 2018. As of January 31, 2019, we changed our indefinite reinvestment assertion with respect to current year earnings and prior year undistributed earnings for additional select foreign subsidiaries (but not outside basis differences). Although these earnings are no longer indefinitely reinvested and may now be distributed within our foreign entity structure, they remain indefinitely reinvested outside the United States. No deferred taxes have been recorded as no withholding taxes would be due on their distribution. Also, any income tax related to foreign exchange fluctuations that would be due on the distribution of these earnings would be subject to the GILTI provisions and be recorded as incurred. We have not changed the indefinite reinvestment assertion on the undistributed earnings or other outside basis differences of any of our other remaining foreign subsidiaries and no deferred taxes have been provided.

The changes included in the Tax Act are broad and complex. The SEC issued rules that allowed for a measurement period of up to one year after the enactment date of the Tax Act to finalize the recording of the related tax impacts. As of January 31, 2019, the amounts recorded for the Tax Act for the one-time repatriation tax and the adjustment to our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities have been finalized and are no longer deemed to be provisional.