Earnings Per Share

The Company calculates its basic and diluted earnings per share in accordance with US GAAP. Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income attributable to the Company's common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. As of December 31, 2017, there were 29,632,020 of Class A common shares outstanding. The Company has included 191,962 fully vested, unissued restricted stock units in its calculation of basic earnings per share. As of December 5, 2016, share and per share amounts have been retroactively updated to reflect the one-for-four reverse stock split.

Diluted earnings per common share are calculated by adjusting the weighted average outstanding shares to assume conversion of all potentially dilutive items. The Company uses the treasury stock method to reflect the potential dilutive effect of the warrants (see Note 6(a)), unexercised stock options, unvested restricted shares, restricted stock units, and SAR's. In calculating the number of dilutive shares outstanding, the shares of common stock underlying unvested restricted shares and restricted stock units are assumed to have been delivered, and options and warrants are assumed to have been exercised, for the entire period being presented. The assumed proceeds from the assumed vesting, delivery and exercising were calculated as the amount of compensation cost attributed to future services and not yet recognized.

The Company can elect to settle the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock in shares, cash, or a combination of both. The Company's intent is to settle in cash and, based on current and projected liquidity needs, the Company has the ability to do so.

The computation of earnings per share is as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2017			2016			2015
	(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Net income (loss)	$	(37,091	)	$	(12,395	)	$	58,975
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries and funds	23,791			6,882			15,246
Net income (loss) attributable to Cowen Inc.	(60,882		)	(19,277		)	43,729
Preferred stock dividends	6,792			6,792			4,075
Net income (loss) attributable to Cowen Inc. common stockholders	$	(67,674	)	$	(26,069	)	$	39,654

Shares for basic and diluted calculations:
Weighted average shares used in basic computation	29,492			26,857			27,522
Stock options	—			—			3
Performance based restricted stock	—			—			65
Stock appreciation rights	—			—			35
Restricted stock	—			—			1,418
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation	29,492			26,857			29,043
Earnings (loss) per share:
Basic	$	(2.29	)	$	(0.97	)	$	1.44
Diluted	$	(2.29	)	$	(0.97	)	$	1.37