8. Convertible Preferred Stock and Common Stock

Convertible Preferred Stock

In March 2018, the Company amended and restated its certificate of incorporation to, among other things, (i) increase its authorized shares of common stock from 122,000,000 to 140,000,000 shares, (ii) increase its authorized shares of preferred stock from 91,739,149 to 103,283,818 shares, of which 11,544,669 shares are designated as Series C convertible preferred stock, and (iii) set forth the rights, preferences and privileges of the Series C convertible preferred stock. In March 2018, the Company sold 3,590,573 shares of Series C convertible preferred stock at $15.3317 per share for net proceeds of $54.9 million and in April 2018, the Company sold an additional 322,852 shares of Series C convertible preferred stock $15.3317 per share for net proceeds of $5.0 million. .

Each share of Series C convertible preferred stock was convertible into one share of the Company’s common stock. Each share of preferred stock was automatically convert into one share of common stock upon the consummation of a qualified public offering. A qualified public offering was defined as an initial public offering that resulted in listing on a U.S. national securities exchange and at least $30.0 million of gross proceeds at a per share price of not less than the Series C original issue price of $15.3317.

The Company evaluated the other rights, preferences and privileges of each series of convertible preferred stock and concluded that there were either no freestanding derivative instruments or any embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation.

Convertible preferred stock consisted of the following:

	At March 31, 2018
	Shares Authorized		Shares Issued and Outstanding		Liquidation Preference		Carrying Value
	(in thousands, except for share amounts)
Series A-1		9,085,738		2,887,086	$	2,495	$	2,457
Series A-2		32,653,411		10,498,269		9,198		9,214
Series B		50,000,000		14,774,369		179,132		162,285
Series C		11,544,669		3,590,573		55,000		54,951
Total convertible preferred stock		103,283,818		31,750,297	$	245,825	$	228,907

	At December 31, 2017
	Shares Authorized		Shares Issued and Outstanding		Liquidation Preference		Carrying Value
	(in thousands, except for share amounts)
Series A-1		9,085,738		2,887,086	$	2,495	$	2,457
Series A-2		32,653,411		10,498,269		9,198		9,214
Series B		50,000,000		14,774,369		179,132		162,285
Total convertible preferred stock		91,739,149		28,159,724	$	190,825	$	173,956

Conversion Rights

Each share of convertible preferred stock was convertible at the right and option of the stockholder, at any time after the date of issuance, into such number of fully paid and non-assessable shares of common stock on a one for one ratio (1:1 conversion ratio). The Series A-1 conversion price was $0.864 per share, the Series A-2 conversion price was $0.876 per share, the Series B conversion price was $12.125 per share and the Series C conversion price was $15.3317, in each case, subject to certain antidilution adjustments as provided in the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation.

Each share of convertible preferred stock was automatically convertible into a fully paid, non-assessable share of common stock at the then-effective conversion rate for such share (i) upon the closing of a firm commitment, underwritten initial public offering of the Company’s common stock at an aggregate gross proceeds of not less than $30.0 million and a price per share to the public of not less than $15.3317 per share; or (ii) upon the receipt by the Company of a written request for such conversion from at least 60% of the holders of the convertible preferred stock then outstanding (voting together as a single class and on an as-converted basis), or if later, the effective date for conversion specified in such requests.

Liquidation Rights

In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company or a deemed liquidation event, as further defined in the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, prior to and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of Series B convertible preferred stock and the Series A-1 and Series A-2 convertible preferred stock and common stock, the holders of Series C convertible preferred stock would have been paid, on a pari passu basis, an amount per share equal to the Series C liquidation preference of $15.3317 per share, plus an amount equal to any dividends declared but unpaid thereon (the “Series C Liquidation Preference”). If upon any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company or a deemed liquidation event, the assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders had been insufficient to pay the holders of Series C convertible preferred stock the full amount to which they were entitled, the holders of the Series C convertible preferred stock would have shared ratably in any distribution of the assets available for distribution in proportion to the respective amounts which would otherwise have been payable in respect of the shares held by them upon such distribution if all amounts payable on or with respect to such shares were paid in full.

After the payment or setting aside for payment to the holders of the Series C convertible preferred stock of the full amount of the Series C Liquidation Preference, prior to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of the Series A-1 and Series A-2 convertible preferred stock and common stock, the holders of Series B convertible preferred stock would have been paid, on a pari passu basis, an amount per share equal to the Series B liquidation preference of $12.125 per share for Series B, plus, in each case, an amount equal to any dividends declared but unpaid thereon (the “Series B Liquidation Preference”). If upon any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company or deemed liquidation event, the assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders had been insufficient to pay the holders of shares of Series B convertible preferred stock the full amount to which they shall be entitled, the holders of the Series B convertible preferred stock would have shared ratably in any distribution of the assets available for distribution in proportion to the respective amounts which would otherwise have been payable in respect of the shares held by them upon such distribution if all amounts payable on or with respect to such shares were paid in full.

After the payment or setting aside for payment to the holders of the Series B convertible preferred stock of the full amount of the Series B Liquidation Preference, prior to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of the common stock, the holders of Series A-1 and Series A-2 convertible preferred stock would have been paid, on a pari passu basis, an amount per share equal to $0.864 per share for Series A-1 and $0.876 per share for Series A-2, plus, in each case, an amount equal to any dividends declared but unpaid thereon (the “Series A Liquidation Preference”). If upon any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company or deemed liquidation event, the assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders had been insufficient to pay the holders of shares of Series A-1 and Series A-2 convertible preferred stock the full amount to which they shall be entitled, the holders of the Series A-1 and Series A-2 convertible preferred stock would have shared ratably in any distribution of the assets available for distribution in proportion to the respective amounts which would otherwise have been payable in respect of the shares held by them upon such distribution if all amounts payable on or with respect to such shares were paid in full.

After the payments or setting aside for payment to the holders of convertible preferred stock of the full amounts specified above, the entire remaining assets of the Company legally available for distribution shall be distributed pro rata to holders of the common stock of the Company in proportion to the number of shares of common stock held by them.

Voting Rights

The holders of outstanding shares of Series A-1 and Series A-2 convertible preferred stock, voting together as a single class, were entitled to elect two members of the Company’s Board of Directors. The holders of outstanding shares of Series B convertible preferred stock, voting together as a single class, were entitled to elect one member of the Company’s Board of Directors.

Additionally, each holder of the Company’s convertible preferred stock was entitled to a vote equal to the number of shares of common stock into which the shares of convertible preferred stock could have been converted as of the record date. The holders of convertible preferred were entitled to vote on all matters on which the common stock shall be entitled to vote.

Dividend Rights

Holders of the Series A-1, Series A-2, Series B and Series C convertible preferred stock were entitled to receive non-cumulative dividends at a rate of 6% of the original respective series of convertible preferred stock issuance price. Only after payment of the dividends to the holders of Series C convertible preferred stock were the holders of shares of Series B, Series A-1 and Series A-2 convertible preferred stock be entitled to receive dividends, out of any assets legally available therefore, prior and in preference to any declaration or payment of any dividend (other than dividends on the common stock payable solely in common stock) on the common stock.

After the payment or setting aside for payment of the dividends described above, any additional dividends (other than dividends on common stock payable solely in common stock) set aside or paid in any fiscal year could have been set aside or paid among the holders of the convertible preferred stock and common stock then outstanding on a pari passu basis in proportion to the greatest whole number of shares of common stock which would have been held by each such holder if all shares of convertible preferred stock were converted at the then-effective conversion rate.

Dividends were only payable as and if declared by the Board of Directors. To date, the Company has not declared or paid any dividends.

Redemption Rights

The convertible preferred stock was not mandatorily redeemable as it did not have a set redemption date or a date after which the shares may be redeemed by the holders. A redemption event would have occurred only upon the occurrence of certain change in control events that are outside the Company’s control, including a sale, lease, transfer, or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets. The Company has elected not to adjust the carrying values of the convertible preferred stock to the liquidation preferences of such shares because it is uncertain whether or when an event would have occurred that would obligate the Company to pay the liquidation preferences to holders of shares of convertible preferred stock. Subsequent adjustments to the carrying values of the liquidation preferences will be made only when it becomes probable that such a liquidation event will occur.