UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
(Mark One)
| | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended
or
| | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number
FLUENT, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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| Name of each exchange on which registered |
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| The |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer |
| ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
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| ☒ | Smaller reporting company | |
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| Emerging growth company | |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes
As of August 16, 2024, the registrant had
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR FORM 10-Q
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Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 |
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Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 |
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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 |
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Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Unless otherwise indicated or required by the context, all references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to "we," "us," "our," "Fluent," or the "Company," refer to Fluent, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
| June 30, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| ASSETS: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $ and $, respectively | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||
| Restricted cash | ||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | ||||||||
| Goodwill | — | |||||||
| Other non-current assets | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | ||||||||
| Deferred revenue | ||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | ||||||||
| Current portion of operating lease liability | ||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||
| Long-term debt, net | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability, net | ||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||
| Contingencies (Note 10) | ||||||||
| Shareholders' equity: | ||||||||
| Preferred stock — $ par value, Shares authorized; Shares outstanding — shares for both periods | ||||||||
| Common stock — $ par value, Shares authorized; Shares issued — and , respectively; and Shares outstanding — and , respectively (Note 7) | ||||||||
| Treasury stock, at cost — and Shares, respectively (Note 7) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total shareholders' equity | ||||||||
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | $ | ||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) | ||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | ||||||||||||||||
| Product development | ||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | ||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill and intangible assets impairment | ||||||||||||||||
| Total costs and expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Basic and diluted income (loss) per share: | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
| Diluted | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
| Weighted average number of shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic | ||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | ||||||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
| Common stock | Treasury stock | Additional paid-in | Accumulated | Total shareholders' | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | capital | deficit | equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units and issuance of stock under incentive plans | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of pre-funded warrants | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units and issuance of stock under incentive plans | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of pre-funded warrants | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock |
Treasury stock |
Additional paid-in |
Accumulated |
Total shareholders' |
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| Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
capital |
deficit |
equity |
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| Balance at March 31, 2023 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units and issuance of stock under incentive plans |
— | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation |
— | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income |
— | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2023 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2022 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units and issuance of restricted stock |
— | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Increase in treasury stock resulting from shares withheld to cover statutory taxes |
— | — | ( |
) | — | — | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss |
— | — | — | — | — | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2023 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in thousands)
(unaudited)
| Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||
| Non-cash loan amortization expense | ||||||||
| Non-cash gain on contingent consideration | ( | ) | ||||||
| Non-cash loss on early extinguishment of debt | ||||||||
| Share-based compensation expense | ||||||||
| Goodwill impairment | ||||||||
| Impairment of intangible assets | ||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | ( | ) | ||||||
| Changes in assets and liabilities, net of business acquisitions: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other non-current assets | ||||||||
| Operating lease assets and liabilities, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Deferred revenue | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||
| Capitalized costs included in intangible assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired | ( | ) | ||||||
| Acquisition of property and equipment | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of debt financing costs | ||||||||
| Repayments of long-term debt | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Debt financing costs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Proceeds from issuance of warrants | ||||||||
| Taxes paid related to net share settlement of vesting of restricted stock units | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period | ||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period | $ | $ | ||||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE INFORMATION | ||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | |||||||
| Cash paid for income taxes | $ | |||||||
| Share-based compensation capitalized in intangible assets | $ | |||||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Contingent payments in connection with TAPP consolidation | $ | $ | ||||||
| Long-term debt issuance | $ | $ | ||||||
| Consideration for True North | $ | $ | ||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
1. Summary of significant accounting policies
(a) Basis of preparation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared by Fluent, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company" or "Fluent"), in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP" or "U.S. GAAP") and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations.
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for any future interim periods or for the full year ending December 31, 2024.
From time to time, the Company may enter into relationships or investments with other entities, and, in certain instances, the entity in which the Company has a relationship or investment may qualify as a variable interest entity ("VIE"). The Company consolidates a VIE in its financial statements if the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary is the party that has the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the operations of the VIE and has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 ("2023 Form 10-K") filed with the SEC on April 2, 2024. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date and included in the 2023 Form 10-K.
Going concern
In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 205-40, Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern, management must evaluate whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date these accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are issued (the "issuance date"). As part of this evaluation, management may consider the potential mitigating impact of its plans that have not been fully implemented as of the issuance date if (a) it is probable that management's plans will be effectively implemented on a timely basis, and (b) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will alleviate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the issuance date.
The Company has experienced a continued decline in its operating results, driven primarily by the continued impact of the imposed regulatory requirements on its owned and operated digital media properties (see Note 10, Contingencies). On April 2, 2024, Fluent, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, as Borrower, entered into a credit agreement (as amended, the "SLR Credit Agreement") with the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Borrower as guarantors, Crystal Financial LLC D/B/A SLR Credit Solutions, as administrative agent, lead arranger and bookrunner ("SLR") and each other lender from time to time party thereto.
The SLR Credit Agreement requires the Company to maintain and comply with certain financial covenants. Moreover, the borrowings under the SLR Revolver (as defined in Note 5) under the SLR Credit Agreement are limited to a borrowing base, that fluctuates as regularly as weekly based on the Company's eligible accounts receivable, as further described in Note 5. As a result of the continued decline in financial performance of the Company's owned and operated digital media properties throughout the second quarter of 2024, the Company's accounts receivable were insufficient to support the borrowing base needed to fund operations through the end of the second quarter of 2024. The Company therefore raised equity capital in the Private Placement (as defined in Note 7, Equity), further updated its projections to reflect the continued decline in its operating results, and entered into the First Amendment (as defined and discussed in Note 5) with SLR on May 15, 2024.
As of June 30, 2024, the Company was not in compliance with its financial covenants under the SLR Credit Agreement, which the Company had to report by July 31, 2024, and which would have resulted in an event of default. The Company and SLR then entered into two letter agreements pursuant to which SLR extended the deadline for delivery of the compliance certificate required for the fiscal month ended June 30, 2024, and the related notice of event of default, to August 21, 2024.
On August 19, 2024, the Company and SLR entered into the Second Amendment (as defined and discussed in Note 5) to the SLR Credit Agreement, which, among other things, required that the Company raise $
Additionally, given the continued challenges the Company has faced achieving profitability, the Company made a reduction in workforce during the second quarter of 2024 and continues to consider further cost reduction measures and focus resources on opportunities that will enable the Company to meet its projected budget and cash flow requirements. Initial measures included divesting a non-core business unit (see Note 11, Variable Interest Entity), transferring another business unit (see Note 3, Intangible assets, net), and reviewing additional other business units to determine the impact of potential divestments.
While based on current projections, the Company expects to be in compliance with the new financial covenants for each of the quarters in the twelve months following the issuance date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, if during any fiscal quarter, the Company does not comply with any of its financial covenants, such non-compliance would result in an event of default that would give SLR the right to accelerate maturities. In such case, the Company likely would not have sufficient funds to repay the SLR Term Loan and the SLR Revolver. In addition, while we believe the proceeds from the sale of the Convertible Notes (as defined and discussed in Note 12, Subsequent Events) will provide sufficient liquidity for any anticipated cash needs, there is no assurance that the Company's available cash plus borrowing base will be sufficient to fund operations over the next twelve months. Further, if needed, the Company will consider implementing other cost saving measures, but there is no guarantee that the plans will be successfully executed or have the expected benefits. As a result, management concluded that there is substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of recorded assets and classification of liabilities that might result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Principles of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant transactions among the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation.
(b) Out of period correction
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, the Company determined that unauthorized changes made to submitted policies by third parties related to the sale of certain health insurance policies led to higher attrition of sold policies than expected. This determination was the result of the lower-than-expected monthly commission receipts based on the Company’s total policies written, after known constraints. We have corrected this error related to the three months ended March 31, 2024 and prior periods with a write-off of for the total maximum impact to the accounts receivable and an associated offset to revenue of $
(c) Reverse stock split
On April 11, 2024, the Company effected a 1-for-
(d) Recently issued and adopted accounting standards
Accounting pronouncements not listed below were assessed and determined to be not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In October 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC's Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiatives, which incorporates updates to the Codification to align with SEC disclosure requirements in response to the August 2018 SEC Release No. 33-10532. The amendment updates and simplifies certain SEC disclosure requirements that were duplicative, overlapping, or outdated due to changes in other SEC requirements and in U.S. GAAP, International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"), or the overall financial reporting environment. The new guidance is effective for each amendment only if the SEC removes the related disclosure of presentation requirements from its existing regulations by June 30, 2027. The guidance is to be applied prospectively, with early adoption prohibited. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires a public entity to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), a description of other segment items by reportable segment, and an explanation of any additional measures the CODM uses in deciding how to allocate resources. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and early adoption is permitted. The guidance will be applied on a retrospective basis, with such disclosures to be made in regard to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 470): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which is designed to increase the transparency and decision-usefulness of income tax disclosures for financial statement users. The ASU follows investors' indication and request for enhanced tax disclosures in order to better assess an entity's operations, related tax risks, jurisdictional tax exposures, and increase transparency regarding tax information through improvements to tax disclosures, specifically rate reconciliation, income taxes paid, and unrecognized tax benefits and certain temporary differences. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, and early adoption is permitted. The guidance will be applied on a prospective basis, but retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
(e) Revenue recognition
Data and performance-based marketing
Revenue is generated when control of goods or services is transferred to customers, in the amounts that reflect the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The Company's performance obligation is typically to (a) deliver data records based on predefined qualifying characteristics specified by the customer, (b) generate conversions based on predefined user actions (for example, a click, a registration, or the installation of an app) and subject to certain qualifying characteristics specified by the customer, (c) verify user interest or transfer calls to advertiser clients as a part of the contact center operation, or (d) deliver media spend as a part of the business of AdParlor, LLC ("AdParlor"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.
The Company applies the practical expedient related to the review of a portfolio of contracts in reviewing the terms of customer contracts as one collective group, rather than by individual contract. Based on historical knowledge of the contracts contained in this portfolio and the similar nature and characteristics of the customers, the Company concluded that the financial statement effects are not materially different than accounting for revenue on a contract-by-contract basis.
Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of associated performance obligations. The Company's customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits provided, which satisfies the Company's performance obligations. Furthermore, the Company elected the "right to invoice" practical expedient available within ASC 606-10-55-18 as the measure for revenue to be recognized, as it corresponds directly with the amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The Company's revenue arrangements do not contain significant financing components. The Company has further concluded that revenue does not require disaggregation.
For each identified performance obligation in a contract with a customer, the Company assesses whether it or the third-party supplier is the principal or agent. In arrangements where Fluent has substantive control of the specified goods and services, is primarily responsible for the integration of products and services into the final deliverable to the customer, and has inventory risk and discretion in establishing pricing, Fluent is considered to have acted as the principal. For performance obligations in which Fluent acts as principal, the Company records the gross amount billed to the customer within revenue and the related incremental direct costs incurred as cost of revenue. If the third-party supplier, rather than Fluent, is primarily responsible for the performance and deliverable to the customer, and Fluent solely arranges for the third-party supplier to provide services to the customer, Fluent is considered to have acted as the agent. For performance obligations in which Fluent acts as the agent, the net fees on such transactions are recorded as revenue, with no associated costs of revenue for the Company.
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
When there is a delay between the period in which revenue is recognized and when a customer invoice is issued, revenue is recognized, and the related amounts are recorded as unbilled revenue within accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheets. As of June 30, 2024, December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 unbilled revenue included in accounts receivable was $
Sales commissions are recorded at the time revenue is recognized and recorded in sales and marketing in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company has elected to utilize a practical expedient to expense incremental costs incurred related to obtaining a contract.
In addition, the Company elected the practical expedient to not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which revenue is recognized at the amount to which the Company has the right to invoice for services performed.
Commission revenue
The Company, acting as the agent, recognizes commission revenue that it expects to receive from the insurance provider from the sale of certain of its health insurance policies, which includes the assumed automatic renewals of such policies once its performance obligation is satisfied. The Company considers its performance obligation related to commissions for both the initial policy sale and future renewals of the policy to be satisfied upon submission by the Company of the initial policy application.
The Company applies the practical expedient to estimate the commission revenue for each insurance policy by applying the use of the portfolio approach to policies grouped together by product type and period submitted for effectuation.
The commission revenue is variable based on a policy's estimated lifetime value ("LTV"), which is based on the amount of time the Company expects the policy will remain effective based on past trends, industry data, expectations as to future retention rates, and commission rates. Further, the Company considers the application of constraints to the LTV and only recognizes the amount of variable consideration believed probable to be received that will not be subject to a significant revenue reversal in the future. Based on this, the commission revenue is recorded upon satisfaction of the performance obligation, which is typically paid monthly by the insurance provider as the consumer renews and pays the insurance provider for the policy over the duration the consumer remains on the policy.
The Company reassesses the estimated LTV for the health insurance policies on a quarterly or as-needed basis. Adjustments to the LTV may result in an increase or decrease in revenue and the corresponding asset in the period the change is made. As described in (b) above, due to the higher attrition of policies sold the Company reassessed its estimated LTV for the health insurance policies by increasing the constraints applied for the amount of consideration deemed probable and led to a change of estimate
(f) Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the Company's management to make estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the allowance for credit losses, useful lives of intangible assets, recoverability of the carrying amounts of goodwill and intangible assets, the portion of revenue subject to estimates for variances between internally-tracked conversions and those confirmed by the customer, the variable commission revenue based on the estimated LTV, purchase accounting, consolidation of variable interest entity and income tax provision. These estimates are often based on complex judgments and assumptions that management believes to be reasonable but are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
(g) Fair value
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.
Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure describes a fair value hierarchy based on the following three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value:
| ● | Level 1 — defined as observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets; |
| ● | Level 2 — defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and | |
| ● | Level 3 — defined as unobservable inputs, for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. |
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
The fair value of the Company's cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. Restricted cash includes a separately maintained cash account, as required under the terms of a lease agreement the Company entered into on October 10, 2018 for office space in New York City.
As of June 30, 2024, the Company regards the fair value of its long-term debt to approximate its carrying value. The fair value assessment represents a Level 2 measurement. See Note 5, Long-term debt, net.
The fair value of certain long-lived non-financial assets and liabilities may be required to be measured on a nonrecurring basis in certain circumstances, including when there is evidence of impairment. As of June 30, 2024, certain non-financial assets have been measured at fair value subsequent to their initial recognition. The Company determined the estimated fair value to be a Level 3 measurement, as certain inputs used to determine fair value are unobservable. See Note 4, Goodwill.
2. Income (loss) per share
Basic income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, in addition to restricted stock units ("RSUs") that are vested but not delivered. Diluted income (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock are exercised or converted into common stock and is calculated using the treasury stock method for stock options, RSUs, restricted stock, warrants (including the Pre-Funded Warrants, as defined in Note 7 below) and deferred common stock. Stock equivalent shares are excluded from the calculation in loss periods, as their effects would be anti-dilutive.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, basic and diluted income (loss) per share were as follows:
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Numerator: | ||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
| Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average restricted shares vested not delivered | ||||||||||||||||
| Total basic weighted average shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive effect of assumed conversion of restricted stock units | ||||||||||||||||
| Total diluted weighted average shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted income (loss) per share: | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
| Diluted | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
Based on exercise prices compared to the average stock prices for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, certain stock equivalents, including RSUs and stock options, have been excluded from the diluted weighted average share calculations due to their anti-dilutive nature.
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Restricted stock units | ||||||||||||||||
| Stock options | ||||||||||||||||
| Total anti-dilutive securities | ||||||||||||||||
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
3. Intangible assets, net
Intangible assets, net, other than goodwill, consist of the following:
| Amortization period (in years) | June 30, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
| Gross amount: | ||||||||||||
| Software developed for internal use | $ | |||||||||||
| Acquired proprietary technology | ||||||||||||
| Customer relationships | ||||||||||||
| Trade names | ||||||||||||
| Domain names | ||||||||||||
| Databases | ||||||||||||
| Non-competition agreements | ||||||||||||
| Total gross amount | 125,192 | 126,227 | ||||||||||
| Accumulated amortization: | ||||||||||||
| Software developed for internal use | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Acquired proprietary technology | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Customer relationships | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Trade names | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Domain names | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Databases | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Non-competition agreements | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Total accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Net intangible assets: | ||||||||||||
| Software developed for internal use | ||||||||||||
| Acquired proprietary technology | ||||||||||||
| Customer relationships | ||||||||||||
| Trade names | ||||||||||||
| Domain names | ||||||||||||
| Databases | ||||||||||||
| Total intangible assets, net | $ | $ | ||||||||||
The gross amounts associated with software developed for internal use primarily represent capitalized costs of internally developed software. The amounts relating to acquired proprietary technology, customer relationships, trade names, domain names, databases, and non-competition agreements primarily represent the fair values of intangible assets acquired as a result of the acquisition of Fluent, LLC, effective December 8, 2015; the acquisition of Q Interactive, LLC, effective June 8, 2016; the acquisition of substantially all the assets of AdParlor Holdings, Inc. and certain of its affiliates, effective July 1, 2019 (the "AdParlor Acquisition"); the acquisition of a
During the second quarter of 2024, the Company determined that the effects of the expected decline in operations due to the impact of certain client relationships constituted a triggering event for the All Other reporting unit. The Company conducted an interim test of recoverability of its long-lived assets, which compared the projected undiscounted cash flows to the carrying value of the asset group. The results of this approach indicated that this long-lived asset was not recoverable and an impairment loss related to its customer relationships was to be calculated. The Company determined that based on the facts and circumstances, the remaining balance was impaired and recorded a non-cash impairment charge of its customer relationship intangible of $
As of June 30, 2024, the Company had recorded a $
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
Amortization expenses of $
As of June 30, 2024, estimated amortization expenses related to the Company's intangible assets for the remainder of 2024 and through 2029 and thereafter are as follows:
| Year | June 30, 2024 | |||
| Remainder of 2024 | $ | |||
| 2025 | ||||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| 2028 | ||||
| 2029 and thereafter | ||||
| Total | $ | |||
4. Goodwill
Goodwill represents the difference between the purchase price and the estimated fair value of net assets acquired, when accounted for by the acquisition method of accounting. As of June 30, 2024, the total balance of goodwill was $
In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, goodwill is assessed at least annually for impairment, or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable, by assessing qualitative factors or performing a quantitative analysis in determining whether it is more likely than not that its fair value exceeds the carrying value. The measurement date of the Company's annual goodwill impairment test is set to October 1.
During the second quarter of 2024, the Company determined that the effects of the expected decline in operations due to the impact of certain client relationships constituted a triggering event for the All Other reporting unit. The Company conducted an interim test of the fair value of the All Other reporting unit's goodwill for potential impairment related to the triggering event. The Company applied solely the income approach to determine the fair value of the All Other reporting unit. The results of this approach indicated that the carrying value exceeded its fair value by 58%. The Company therefore concluded that the goodwill was impaired as of June 30, 2024 and recorded a non-cash impairment charge for its remaining balance of $
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
5. Long-term debt, net
Long-term debt, net of unamortized discount and financing costs, related to the Credit Facility, the New Credit Facility, and Note Payable (as set forth herein) consisted of the following:
| June 30, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Citizens Credit Facility due 2025 (less unamortized discount and financing costs of $ and $, respectively) | $ | $ | ||||||
| New Credit Facility due 2029 (less unamortized discount and financing costs of $ and $, respectively) | ||||||||
| Note Payable due 2026 | ||||||||
| Long-term debt, net | ||||||||
| Less: Current portion of long-term debt | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Long-term debt, net (non-current) | $ | $ | ||||||
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
Citizens Credit Facility
On April 2, 2024, the Company repaid the $
New Credit Facility
On April 2, 2024, Fluent, LLC, as Borrower, entered into the SLR Credit Agreement with the Company and SLR as administrative agent, lead arranger and bookrunner, and each other lender from time to time party thereto.
The SLR Credit Agreement provides for a $
The Company used a portion of the net proceeds of the SLR Credit Facility to repay the outstanding Term Loan under the credit agreement dated March 31, 2021 (the "Citizens Credit Agreement"), by and among Fluent, LLC, as Borrower, certain subsidiaries of the Borrower as guarantors, the lenders thereto, and Citizens Bank, N.A. ("Citizens Bank").
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
There is no principal amortization prior to maturity under the SLR Credit Agreement except for certain mandatory prepayments to be made with the net cash proceeds of certain asset sales, casualty events, and other extraordinary receipts and upon the occurrence of certain other events, in each case subject to certain reinvestment rights, thresholds and other exceptions. Unfunded commitments will be subject to an unused facility fee, which will be payable monthly in arrears, as of the month following the closing, at a rate of
The SLR Credit Agreement contains restrictive covenants which impose limitations on the way the Company conducts business, including limitations on the amount of additional debt the Company is able to incur and its ability to make certain investments or other restricted payments. The SLR Credit Agreement is guaranteed by the Company and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries and is secured by substantially all of the Company's assets and those of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including Fluent, LLC.
The Borrower's ability to draw on the SLR Revolver depends on its weekly borrowing base, which is calculated by applying specified percentages established by SLR to the Borrower's eligible accounts receivable and cash, less reserves, subject to certain limitations.
Debt issuance costs and debt discount costs, net of accumulated amortization, related to the issuance of the SLR Revolver was $
On May 15, 2024, the Borrower and SLR entered into a First Amendment to Credit Agreement (the "First Amendment"), pursuant to which SLR, among other things, (1) waived any required prepayments on the SLR Revolver from the proceeds from the Company's Private Placement; (2) required that the Credit Parties (as defined in the SLR Credit Agreement) retain a financial advisor to assist in preparing the Company's projections; (3) increased the minimum excess availability covenant following the Private Placement; (4) amended the definition of borrowing base (as defined in the SLR Credit Agreement) and (5) amended certain post-closing obligations.
As of June 30, 2024, the Company was not in compliance with its financial covenants under the SLR Credit Agreement, which the Company had to report by July 31, 2024, and which would have resulted in an event of default, however, on July 31, 2024, the Company and SLR entered into a letter agreement pursuant to which SLR extended the deadline for delivery of the compliance certificate required for the fiscal month ended June 30, 2024, and the related notice of event of default, to August 16, 2024. On August 14, 2024, the parties entered into a second letter agreement pursuant to which SLR extended the deadline for delivery of the same compliance certificate and related notice of event of default to August 21, 2024.
On August 19, 2024, the Borrower, SLR, and the other parties thereto entered into the Second Amendment to Credit Agreement (the "Second Amendment"), which, among other things, required that the Company raise in additional capital. To raise the capital, the Company entered into convertible subordinated notes, as described in Note 12, Subsequent Events, below, raising an aggregate $
While based on current projections, the Company expects to be in compliance with the new financial covenants during the next twelve months, if during any fiscal quarter, the Company does not comply with any of its financial covenants, such non-compliance would result in an event of default that would give SLR the right to accelerate maturities. Accordingly, all borrowings under the Credit Agreement have been classified as current as of June 30, 2024.
Note Payable
On March 17, 2024, Fluent, LLC entered into a junior secured promissory note (the "Note Payable") with Freedom Debt Relief, LLC in the principal amount of $
A maximum of $
The Note Payable matures on March 31, 2026 and interest is payable quarterly. Scheduled principal amortization of the Note Payable is $
Maturities
As of June 30, 2024, scheduled future maturities of the Citizens Credit Agreement and Note Payable are as follows, not reflective of the debt being accelerated as noted in Note 1:
| Year | June 30, 2024 | |||
| Remainder of 2024 | $ | |||
| 2025 | ||||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| 2028 | ||||
| 2029 | ||||
| Total maturities | $ |
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
6. Income taxes
The Company is subject to federal and state income taxes in the United States. The tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of the Company's annual effective tax rate ("AETR"). The Company updates its estimated AETR on a quarterly basis and, if the estimate changes, a cumulative adjustment is made.
As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a full valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets and intends to continue maintaining a full valuation allowance on these net deferred tax assets until there is sufficient evidence to support the release of all or a portion of these allowances. Release of some or all of the valuation allowance would result in the recognition of certain deferred tax assets and an increase in deferred tax benefit for any period in which such a release may be recorded. However, the exact timing and amount of any valuation allowance release are subject to change, depending upon the level of profitability that the Company is able to achieve and the net deferred tax assets available.
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company's effective income tax expense rate of
The Company assesses its income tax positions and records tax benefits for all years subject to examination based upon its evaluation of the facts, circumstances, and information available as of the reporting dates. For those tax positions where it is more-likely-than-not that a tax benefit will be sustained, the Company has recorded the largest amount of tax benefit with a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. For those income tax positions where it is not more-likely-than-not that a tax benefit will be sustained, no tax benefit has been recognized in the Company's financial statements.
As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the balance of unrecognized tax benefits was $
The Company is reasonably certain that all of its uncertain tax positions will reverse within the next twelve months due to the closing of the statute of limitations.
7. Equity
Common stock
Effective at 6:00 p.m. Eastern Time on April 11, 2024, the Company effected a 1-for-
The Reverse Stock Split reduced the number of issued and outstanding shares of common stock from
The common stock began trading on a reverse split-adjusted basis at the opening of trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market on April 12, 2024, under the same symbol (FLNT) with a new CUSIP number (34380C 201).
As of the effective time of the Reverse Stock Split, the number of shares available for issuance under the Company's equity incentive plans and the number of shares issuable pursuant to each outstanding equity award immediately prior to the Reverse Stock Split were reduced proportionately at the Reverse Stock Split Ratio, and the exercise price for each outstanding stock option was increased in inverse proportion to the Reverse Stock Split Ratio.
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the number of issued shares of common stock was
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the change in the number of issued shares of common stock was the result of
Treasury stock
As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company held shares of treasury stock of
The Company's share-based incentive plans allow employees the option to either make a cash payment or forfeit shares of common stock upon vesting to satisfy federal and state statutory tax withholding obligations associated with equity awards. The forfeited shares of common stock may be taken into treasury stock by the Company or sold on the open market. For the six months ended June 30, 2024,
Warrants
On May 13, 2024, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements (the "Purchase Agreements") with certain accredited investors (the "Purchasers"), pursuant to which the Company sold pre-funded warrants (the "Pre-Funded Warrants") to purchase up to
The aggregate gross proceeds for the Private Placement totaled $
As of June 30, 2024,
The Pre-Funded Warrants were reflected in the Company's stockholder's equity within additional paid-in-capital as of June 30, 2024 in accordance with ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging. A contract should be classified as an equity agreement if it is both indexed to its own stock and classified in stockholder's equity in its financial position. The Pre-Funded Warrants met the requirements of being classified as equity because (i) they had a fixed share limit and the Company has sufficient authorized and unissued shares (ii) they required physical or net share settlement, and (iii) no cash payments or settlement top-off was required by the Company.
8. Share-based compensation
On June 8, 2022, the stockholders of the Company approved the Fluent, Inc. 2022 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the "2022 Plan") that authorized for issuance
The primary purpose of the 2022 Plan and prior plans is to attract, retain, reward, and motivate certain individuals by providing them with opportunities to acquire or increase their ownership interests in the Company. In October 2022, the Company issued to certain of its senior officers and employees, RSUs (time-based vesting), long-term incentive grants (performance and time-based vesting RSUs), or performance share units ("PSUs") (achievement of performance targets settled in cash) under the 2022 Plan.
Stock options
In January 2019, the Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors approved the grant of stock options to certain Company executives, which were issued on February 1, 2019, December 20, 2019, March 1, 2020, and March 1, 2021. Subject to continuing service,
As of June 30, 2024, the first condition for the stock options issued on February 1, 2019, December 20, 2019 and March 1, 2020 had been met and the second condition for the stock options issued on December 20, 2019 and March 1, 2020 had been met. Any shares that remain unvested as of the anniversary of the grant date will vest in full on such date. The fair value of the stock options granted was estimated at the trading day before the date of grant using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The key assumptions utilized to calculate the grant-date fair values for these awards are summarized below:
| Issuance Date | February 1, 2019 | December 20, 2019 | March 1, 2020 | March 1, 2021 | ||||||||||||
| Fair value lower range | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Fair value higher range | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Exercise price | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Expected term (in years) | ||||||||||||||||
| Expected volatility | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||
| Dividend yield | — | % | — | % | — | % | — | % | ||||||||
| Risk-free rate | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, details of stock option activity were as follows:
| Number of options | Weighted average exercise price per share | Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years) | Aggregate intrinsic value | |||||||||||||
| Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | — | |||||||||||||
| Granted(1) | — | |||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Forfeited | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
| Outstanding as of June 30, 2024 | $ |
| $ | — | ||||||||||||
| Options exercisable as of June 30, 2024 | $ | | $ | |||||||||||||
(1) On June 3, 2024,
The aggregate intrinsic value amounts in the table above represent the difference between the closing price of the Company's common stock at the end of the reporting period and the corresponding exercise prices, multiplied by the number of in-the-money stock options as of the same date.
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the unvested balance of stock options was as follows:
| Number of stock options | Weighted average exercise price per share | Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years) | ||||||||||
| Unvested as of December 31, 2023 | $ | |||||||||||
| Granted(1) | ||||||||||||
| Forfeited | — | |||||||||||
| Vested | ( | ) | — | |||||||||
| Unvested as of June 30, 2024 | $ | |||||||||||
(1) On June 3, 2024, employee of the Company was granted stock options that vest equally over annual installments and are exercisable for years after the grant date.
Compensation expense recognized for stock options was $
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
Restricted stock units and restricted stock
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, details of unvested RSU activity were as follows:
| Number of units | Weighted average grant-date fair value | |||||||
| Unvested as of December 31, 2023 | $ | |||||||
| Granted | ||||||||
| Vested and delivered | ( | ) | ||||||
| Withheld as treasury stock (1) | ||||||||
| Vested not delivered (2) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ) | ||||||
| Unvested as of June 30, 2024 | ||||||||
| (1) | As discussed in Note 7, Equity, the treasury stock was related to shares withheld to cover statutory withholding taxes upon the delivery of shares following the vesting of RSUs. As of June 30, 2024, there were |
| (2) | Vested not delivered represents vested RSUs with delivery deferred to a future time. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, there was a net increase in the vested not delivered balance because |
Compensation expense recognized for RSUs of $
As of June 30, 2024, unrecognized share-based compensation expense associated with the granted RSUs and stock options amounted to $
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, share-based compensation for the Company's stock options, RSUs, and common stock awards were allocated to the following accounts in the consolidated financial statements:
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Product development | ||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | ||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Capitalized in intangible assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Total share-based compensation | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a liability of $
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
9. Segment information
The Company identifies operating segments as components of an entity for which discrete financial information is available and is regularly reviewed by the CODM, in making decisions regarding resource allocation and performance assessment. The profitability measure employed by CODM is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization ("EBITDA"). As of June 30, 2024, the Company had operating segments and corresponding reporting units, "Fluent" and "All Other," and reportable segment. "Fluent," for the purposes of segment reporting, represents the consolidated operating results of the Company excluding "All Other." "All Other" represents the operating results of AdParlor, LLC and is included for purposes of reconciliation of the respective balances below to the consolidated financial statements.
Summarized financial information concerning the Company's segments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 are shown in the following tables below:
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Fluent segment revenue(1): | ||||||||||||||||
| United States | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| International | ||||||||||||||||
| Fluent segment revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| All Other segment revenue(1): | ||||||||||||||||
| United States | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| International | ||||||||||||||||
| All Other segment revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Segment EBITDA | ||||||||||||||||
| Fluent segment EBITDA | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
| All Other segment EBITDA | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Total EBITDA | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||
| Total loss from operations | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
(1) Revenue aggregation is based upon location of the customer.
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
| June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Total assets: | ||||||||
| Fluent | $ | $ | ||||||
| All Other | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ |
| |||||
As of June 30, 2024, long-lived assets are all located in the United States.
For the six months ended June 30, 2024,
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
10. Contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to loss contingencies that cover a range of matters. An estimated loss from a loss contingency, such as a legal proceeding or claim, is accrued if it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. In determining whether a loss should be accrued, the Company evaluates, among other factors, the degree of probability and the ability to reasonably estimate the amount of any such loss. The Company does not accrue liabilities when the likelihood that the liability has been incurred is probable but the amount cannot be reasonably estimated.
On January 28, 2020, Fluent received a Civil Investigative Demand from the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC") regarding compliance with the FTC Act and the Telemarketing Sales Rule. On October 18, 2022, the FTC staff sent the Company a draft complaint and proposed consent order seeking injunctive relief and a civil monetary penalty. On January 12, 2023, the Company made an initial proposal of $
On October 6, 2020, the Company received notice from the Pennsylvania Office of the Attorney General ("PAAG") that it was reviewing the Company's business practices relating to telemarketing. After the Company and the PAAG were unable to reach agreement on a proposed Assurance of Voluntary Compliance, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania filed a complaint for permanent injunction, civil penalties, and other relief in the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania on November 2, 2022. On May 18, 2023, the parties entered into a settlement and jointly filed a Consent Petition of Final Decree, wherein the Company agreed to injunctive relief and to pay the PAAG $
The Company had been involved in a Telephone Consumer Protection Act class action, Daniel Berman v. Freedom Financial Network, which was originally filed in 2018. On May 31, 2023, the parties entered into an Amended Class Action Settlement Agreement (the "Berman Settlement Agreement"), which included injunctive provisions and payment to plaintiffs of $
11. Variable Interest Entity
A VIE is an entity that either (i) has insufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, or (ii) has equity investors who lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest. The primary beneficiary is the party that has the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the operations of the VIE and has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the inception of the arrangement and as of the reporting date.
True North
On May 1, 2024, the Company and Caspian Ventures, LLC ("Caspian") entered into a membership interest purchase agreement pursuant to which the Company conveyed
In accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation ("ASC 810"), the Company determined that based upon the receivable for the consideration to be received, True North was deemed a VIE. Further, as the majority membership owner of Caspian remained a full-time employee of the Company, under the de facto agent guidance, it was determined that the Company was the primary beneficiary of Caspian and therefore should consolidate Caspian's operations going forward. As a result, no gain or loss was to be recognized on the True North Conveyance. As the Company does not have any equity interest in Caspian,
It was also determined that True North did not meet the discontinued operations criterion under ASC 205-20, Discontinued Operations.
TAPP
As the Company gained control of TAPP, in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, it was then determined that TAPP constituted a business. The deemed fair value of the consideration was $
FLUENT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
12. Subsequent Events
Sale of Convertible Notes
On August 19, 2024, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements (the "Securities Purchase Agreements") with certain accredited and/or sophisticated investors (the "Purchasers") to sell convertible subordinated promissory notes (the "Convertible Notes") in aggregate principal amount of $
Each holder of a Convertible Note is entitled to convert the Conversion Amount (as defined below) into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal to the lesser of (i) $
The purchasers of the Convertible Notes include our Chairman of the Board and Chief Strategy Officer Ryan Schulke, our Chief Executive Officer Donald Patrick, our interim Chief Financial Officer Ryan Perfit, our Chief Customer Officer and member of the board of directors Matthew Conlin, and Dr. Phillip Frost, a beneficial owner of approximately
In connection with the Second Amendment and the Purchase Agreements, the Company, SLR and the purchasers of the Convertible Notes entered into a Second Amendment Subordination Agreement dated August 19, 2024 (the "Subordination Agreement"). The Subordination Agreement confirms the subordinated nature of the Convertible Notes and restricts payments to and remedies of the holders of the Convertible Notes for so long as the SLR Credit Agreement has indebtedness outstanding. The Subordination Agreement provides that the Company may not make any payment of principal or interest on the Convertible Notes unless the conditions set forth in either in clause (i) or clause (ii) below are satisfied:
(i) (a) no event of default under the SLR Credit Agreement exists before or immediately after giving effect to such payment, (b) the Borrower has demonstrated to the satisfaction of SLR compliance with certain financial covenants on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the payment, and (c) SLR’s receipt of the Company’s audited financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024.
(ii) (a) no event of default under the SLR Credit Agreement exists before or immediately after giving effect to such payment, (b) the Company has raised equity capital excluding the proceeds from the sale of the Convertible Notes prior to June 30, 2025 and the payments made in respect of the Convertible Notes do not exceed an amount that equals the positive difference of the amount of such equity raise and $
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Overview
Fluent, Inc. ("we," "us," "our," "Fluent," or the "Company") is an industry leader in digital marketing services. We primarily perform customer acquisition services by operating highly scalable digital marketing campaigns, through which we connect our advertiser clients with consumers they are seeking to reach. We access these consumers through both our owned and operated digital media properties and our auxiliary syndicated performance marketplace products. In 2023, we delivered data and performance-based customer acquisition services for over 500 consumer brands, direct marketers, and agencies across a wide range of industries, including Media & Entertainment, Financial Products & Services, Health & Life Sciences, Retail & Consumer, and Staffing & Recruitment.
We attract consumers at scale to our owned and operated digital media properties primarily through promotional offerings where they are rewarded for completing activities within the platforms. When registering on our sites, consumers provide their names, contact information, and opt-in permission to present them with relevant offers on behalf of our clients. Approximately 90% of these users engage with our media on their mobile devices or tablets.
Once users have registered on our sites, we integrate our proprietary direct marketing technologies and analytics to engage them with surveys, polls, and other experiences, through which we learn about their lifestyles, preferences, and purchasing histories, among other matters. Based on these insights, we serve targeted, relevant offers to them on behalf of our clients. As new users register and engage with our sites and existing registrants re-engage, the enrichment of our database expands our addressable client base and improves the effectiveness of our performance-based campaigns.
We also operate syndicated performance marketplaces on partner sites where we utilize our proprietary ad-serving technology to identify and acquire additional consumers for our advertiser clients. Our technology is integrated at key moments in the consumer experience to capitalize on high engagement and improve conversion. For example, Adflow, our post-sale e-commerce business, connects our advertisers to consumers on e-commerce websites after check-out. These syndicated solutions generate meaningful income for our partners, while driving additional growth for our advertiser clients. We typically remunerate our syndication partners on a revenue share or impression basis.
Additionally, the Company operates a call center-supported performance marketplace that provides live call-based performance campaigns to help clients increase engagement and in some cases sell products and services directly on behalf of our clients. The call solutions marketplace serves clients across an array of industries but has had a heavy focus on the health insurance sector. However, due to the increased unauthorized activity by third parties impacting our commission revenue related to the sale of certain health insurance policies, we have paused our participation in this sector as we re-evaluate its profitability for our business, even as we expect regulatory changes made by the government subsequent to the quarter close to mitigate further attrition.
Since our inception, we have amassed a large, proprietary database of first-party, self-declared user information and preferences. We solicit our users' consent to be contacted by us and/or our advertisers via various contact methods including email, telephone, SMS/text, and push messaging. We then leverage their self-declared data in our performance offerings primarily in two ways: (1) to serve advertisements that we believe will be relevant to users based on the information they provide when they engage on our sites or other partner sites through our syndicated performance marketplaces and (2) to provide our clients with users' contact information so that such clients may communicate with them directly. We may also leverage our existing technology and database to drive new revenue streams, including utilization-based models (e.g., programmatic advertising).
We generate revenue by delivering measurable marketing results to our clients. We differentiate ourselves from other marketing alternatives by our abilities to provide clients with a cost-effective and measurable return on advertising spend ("ROAS"), a measure of profitability of sales compared to the money spent on ads, and to manage highly targeted and highly fragmented online media sources. We are predominantly paid on a negotiated or market-driven "per click," "per lead," or other "per action" basis that aligns with the customer acquisition cost targets of our clients. We bear the costs of acquiring traffic from publishers' performance marketplaces that ultimately generate qualified clicks, leads, calls, app downloads, or customers for our clients.
Through AdParlor, LLC ("AdParlor"), we conduct our non-core business which offers clients various social media strategies through the planning and buying of media on different platforms.
Reverse stock split
Effective at 6:00 p.m. Eastern Time on April 11, 2024, the Company effected a 1-for-6 (the "Reverse Stock Split Ratio") reverse split of the issued shares of the Company's common stock (the "Reverse Stock Split") pursuant to a certificate of amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on April 11, 2024. As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, every six shares of common stock issued and outstanding or held by the Company in treasury stock were combined and reclassified into one share of common stock. No fractional shares were issued as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. Stockholders who were otherwise entitled to receive a fractional share received an additional fraction of a share of common stock to round up to the next whole share. The Reverse Stock Split affected all stockholders uniformly and did not alter any stockholder's percentage ownership interest or any stockholder's proportionate voting power, except for immaterial adjustments that resulted from the treatment of fractional shares. The Reverse Stock Split did not change the number of authorized shares of common stock or the par value per share of the common stock.
The Reverse Stock Split reduced the number of issued and outstanding shares of common stock from approximately 81.6 million shares to approximately 13.6 million shares and reduced the issued shares of common stock held by the Company in treasury stock from approximately 4.6 million shares to approximately 0.8 million shares.
The common stock began trading on a reverse split-adjusted basis at the opening of trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market on April 12, 2024 under the same symbol (FLNT) with a new CUSIP number (34380C 201).
As of the effective time of the Reverse Stock Split, the number of shares available for issuance under the Company's equity incentive plans and the number of shares issuable pursuant to each outstanding equity award immediately prior to the Reverse Stock Split were reduced proportionately at the Reverse Stock Split Ratio, and the exercise price for each outstanding stock option was increased in inverse proportion to the Reverse Stock Split Ratio.
Second Quarter Financial Summary
Three months ended June 30, 2024, compared to three months ended June 30, 2023:
| • |
Revenue decreased 29% to $58.7 million, compared to $82.1 million |
| • | Net loss was $11.6 million, or $0.75 per share, compared to net income of $4.3 million or $0.31 per share |
| • | Gross profit (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) decreased 44% to $12.6 million, representing 21% of revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2024, from $22.6 million, representing 28% of revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 |
| • | Media margin decreased 40% to $15.7 million, representing 26.7% of revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2024, from $25.9 million, representing 31.5% of revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 |
| • | Adjusted EBITDA was negative $4.5 million, compared to $5.6 million |
| • | Adjusted net loss was $7.3 million, or $0.47 per share, compared to adjusted net income of $0.0 million, or $0.00 per share |
Six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to six months ended June 30, 2023:
| • |
Revenue decreased 22% to $124.7 million, compared to $159.4 million |
| • | Net loss was $17.9 million, or $1.11 per share, compared to $27.7 million or $2.02 per share |
| • | Gross profit (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) decreased 25% to $31.2 million, representing 25% of revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2024, from $41.6 million, representing 26% of revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 |
| • | Media margin decreased 21% to $37.8 million, representing 30.3% of revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2024, from $47.9 million, representing 30.0% of revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 |
| • | Adjusted EBITDA was negative $3.8 million, based on net loss of $17.9 million, compared to $6.0 million |
| • | Adjusted net loss was $11.5 million, or $0.72 per share, compared to adjusted net loss of $2.7 million, or $0.20 per share |
Media margin, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted net income (loss) are non-GAAP financial measures. See "Definitions, Reconciliations and Uses of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below.
Trends Affecting our Business
Development, Acquisition and Retention of High-Quality Targeted Media Traffic
Our business depends on identifying and accessing high quality media sources and on our ability to attract targeted users to our owned and operated media properties. As our business has grown, we have attracted larger and more sophisticated clients to our marketplaces. To further increase our value proposition to clients and to fortify our leadership position in the evolving regulatory landscape of our industry, we implemented a Traffic Quality Initiative in 2020 and established new syndicated performance marketplaces in 2023 to access more higher value consumers. Sourcing high quality traffic will remain a focus and part of a broader initiative to improve customer acquisition for our clients.
Starting in 2022, we increased our spend with major digital media platforms, revised our bidding strategies for affiliate traffic, and developed partnerships to expand traffic from social media platforms, including the growing influencer sector. We also pursued strategic initiatives that enable us to grow revenue with existing user traffic volume by attracting users to our owned media properties via email and SMS messages. In addition, we have focused on improved monetization of consumer traffic through improved customer relationship management and internal capabilities that allow us to re-engage consumers who have registered on our owned media properties. Through these initiatives, our business has become less dependent on the volume of users to generate revenue growth.
We believe that significant value has been, and will continue to be, created by improving the quality of traffic and value of consumers sourced to our media properties and syndicated performance marketplaces. Increased user participation rates lead to higher conversion rates, resulting in increased monetization, and ultimately increased revenue and media margin. Media margin, a non-GAAP measure, is the portion of gross profit (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) reflecting variable costs paid for media and related expenses and excluding non-media cost of revenue.
Since 2022, we have experienced challenges growing traffic volume to our owned and operated properties, primarily due to the FTC investigation and subsequent FTC Consent Order that tightened our standards for media sourcing and put us at a competitive disadvantage versus the market. Other factors that affected our traffic volume have included the volatility of affiliate supply sources, changes in search engine algorithms, and email and text message blocking algorithms. In response to these challenges, we have invested in strategic and internal efforts to secure additional traffic from the growing influencer sector and to expand our ad network beyond our owned and operated marketplaces to new syndicated performance marketplaces. The mix and profitability of our media channels, strategies, and partners is likely to continue to be dynamic and reflect evolving market trends and the regulatory environment.
Advertiser Trends & Seasonality
We deliver data and performance-based marketing executions to our clients across a wide range of industries, including Media & Entertainment, Financial Products & Services, Health & Life Sciences, Retail & Consumer, and Staffing & Recruitment. In 2023, we experienced slowdowns in certain sectors of the Media & Entertainment, Staffing & Recruitment, and Financial Products & Services industries. Specifically, in the third quarter of 2023, our largest client in the gaming sector pulled back pricing and spend as they refocused on ROAS rather than growth. Although we addressed this pullback by scaling other clients in the marketplace from the gaming sector and other sectors of the Media & Entertainment industry, the gap was not fully absorbed by other bidders. Both data and performance-based spend continued to be challenged in 2024 by general economic uncertainty. In the first half of 2024 revenue declined due to media supply challenges in our owned and operated marketplaces and regulatory pressure on the insurance sector in our call solutions marketplace. The regulatory challenges in the insurance sector have continued into the third quarter of 2024, but we expect that they will be outweighed by the recovery of our owned and operated marketplaces and growth of our syndicated performance marketplaces.
To offset individual advertiser pull-back, we continue to work with select advertisers to define high performing consumer segments and strategically price paid conversions to help clients drive higher ROAS. This initiative has driven increased budgets from clients across the Media & Entertainment industry, which represents a large component of our revenue mix.
Additionally, our performance is subject to fluctuations as a result of seasonality and cyclicality in our clients' businesses and fluctuations in media sources. Specifically, Adflow and our performance marketplaces that benefit from Medicare and Affordable Care Act open enrollment periods experience increased volume in the fourth quarters. Other factors affecting our business may include macroeconomic conditions that impact the digital advertising industry, the various client verticals we serve, and general market conditions.
We believe the second half of 2024 will continue to be characterized by tepid economic conditions and potential media supply uncertainty in the owned and operated marketplaces. To confront these headwinds, we will continue to source additional media for our syndicated performance marketplaces and diversify our client base. We also continue to develop our "ROAS program" across additional segments of advertisers in an effort to gain additional budget allocations and further improve our user monetization.
Business Practices & Compliance
We have continued to be affected by slowed economic conditions and the impacts of the FTC Consent Order (the "FTC Consent Order") (as described in Note 10, Contingencies, in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements) on our owned and operated marketplaces and programmatic advertising business. The industry-leading compliance measures we implemented on our owned and operated marketplaces continue to negatively impact our revenues and media margin. Although we have not yet experienced it, we continue to believe that the increased regulatory scrutiny on the broader industry will eventually eliminate the advantage that less compliance-focused competitors currently benefit from, enabling us to recapture market share.
Current Economic Conditions
We are subject to risks and uncertainties caused by events with significant macroeconomic impacts. Inflation, rising interest rates, and reduced consumer confidence have caused our clients and their customers to be cautious in their spending. The full impact of these macroeconomic events and the extent to which these macro factors may impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations in the future remains uncertain. In light of the challenging macro-economic environment, we continue to prioritize strategic investments that have near-term benefits to revenue while also streamlining our organization through targeted workforce reductions.
Please see Item 1A. Risk Factors in the 2023 Form 10-K —"Economic or political instability could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations," and "We are exposed to credit risks from our clients, and we may not be able to collect on amounts owed to us.", for further discussion of the possible impact of unfavorable conditions on our business.
Definitions, Reconciliations and Uses of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We report the following non-GAAP measures:
Media margin is defined as that portion of gross profit (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) reflecting variable costs paid for media and related expenses and excluding non-media cost of revenue. Gross profit (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) represents revenue minus cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization). Media margin is also presented as a percentage of revenue.
Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income (loss), excluding (1) income taxes, (2) interest expense, net, (3) depreciation and amortization, (4) share-based compensation expense, (5) loss on early extinguishment of debt, (6) accrued compensation expense for Put/Call Consideration, (7) goodwill impairment, (8) impairment of intangible assets, (9) loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment, (10) acquisition-related costs, (11) restructuring and other severance costs, and (12) certain litigation and other related costs.
Adjusted net income (loss) is defined as net income (loss), excluding (1) share-based compensation expense, (2) loss on early extinguishment of debt, (3) accrued compensation expense for Put/Call Consideration, (4) goodwill impairment, (5) impairment of intangible assets, (6) loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment, (7) acquisition-related costs, (8) restructuring and other severance costs, and (9) certain litigation and other related costs. Adjusted net income (loss) is also presented on a per share (basic and diluted) basis.
Below is a reconciliation of media margin from gross profit (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, which we believe is the most directly comparable GAAP measure:
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||
| Revenue |
$ | 58,717 | $ | 82,145 | $ | 124,700 | $ | 159,399 | ||||||||
| Less: Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |
46,109 | 59,540 | 93,457 | 117,812 | ||||||||||||
| Gross profit (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |
$ | 12,608 | $ | 22,605 | $ | 31,243 | $ | 41,587 | ||||||||
| Gross profit (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) % of revenue |
21 | % | 28 | % | 25 | % | 26 | % | ||||||||
| Non-media cost of revenue (1) |
3,057 | 3,300 | 6,561 | 6,281 | ||||||||||||
| Media margin |
$ | 15,665 | $ | 25,905 | $ | 37,804 | $ | 47,868 | ||||||||
| Media margin % of revenue |
26.7 | % | 31.5 | % | 30.3 | % | 30.0 | % | ||||||||
| (1) |
Represents the portion of cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) not attributable to variable costs paid for media and related expenses. |
Below is a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA from net loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, which we believe is the most directly comparable GAAP measure:
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) |
2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) |
$ | (11,627 | ) | $ | 4,251 | $ | (17,903 | ) | $ | (27,692 | ) | |||||
| Income tax expense (benefit) |
(775 | ) | 1,693 | 133 | 1,794 | |||||||||||
| Interest expense, net |
1,015 | 795 | 2,430 | 1,484 | ||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization |
2,567 | 3,095 | 5,138 | 5,454 | ||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation expense |
430 | 936 | 1,030 | 1,997 | ||||||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt |
1,009 | — | 1,009 | — | ||||||||||||
| Goodwill impairment |
1,261 | — | 1,261 | 25,700 | ||||||||||||
| Impairment of intangible assets |
980 | — | 980 | — | ||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related costs(1) |
25 | 562 | 807 | 1,185 | ||||||||||||
| Restructuring and other severance costs |
611 | — | 1,276 | 480 | ||||||||||||
| Certain litigation and other related costs |
— | (5,736 | ) | — | (4,358 | ) | ||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | (4,504 | ) | $ | 5,596 | $ | (3,839 | ) | $ | 6,044 | ||||||
| (1) |
Balance includes compensation expense related to non-competition agreements and earn-out expense incurred as a result of business combinations (see Note 11, Variable Interest Entity, in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements). The earn-out expense was ($14) and $24 for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $137 and $110 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. |
Below is a reconciliation of adjusted net loss and adjusted net loss per share from net loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, which we believe is the most directly comparable GAAP measure.
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except share and per share data) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) |
$ | (11,627 | ) | $ | 4,251 | $ | (17,903 | ) | $ | (27,692 | ) | |||||
| Share-based compensation expense |
430 | 936 | 1,030 | 1,997 | ||||||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt |
1,009 | — | 1,009 | — | ||||||||||||
| Goodwill impairment |
1,261 | — | 1,261 | 25,700 | ||||||||||||
| Impairment of intangible assets |
980 | — | 980 | — | ||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related costs(1) |
25 | 562 | 807 | 1,185 | ||||||||||||
| Restructuring and other severance costs |
611 | — | 1,276 | 480 | ||||||||||||
| Certain litigation and other related costs |
— | (5,736 | ) | — | (4,358 | ) | ||||||||||
| Adjusted net income (loss) |
$ | (7,311 | ) | $ | 13 | $ | (11,540 | ) | $ | (2,688 | ) | |||||
| Adjusted net income (loss) per share: |
||||||||||||||||
| Basic |
$ | (0.47 | ) | $ | 0.00 | $ | (0.72 | ) | $ | (0.20 | ) | |||||
| Diluted |
$ | (0.47 | ) | $ | 0.00 | $ | (0.72 | ) | $ | (0.20 | ) | |||||
| Weighted average number of shares outstanding: |
||||||||||||||||
| Basic |
15,534,989 | 13,787,995 | 16,115,293 | 13,720,643 | ||||||||||||
| Diluted |
15,534,989 | 13,792,108 | 16,115,293 | 13,720,643 | ||||||||||||
| (1) |
Balance includes compensation expense related to non-competition agreements and earn-out expense incurred as a result of business combinations (see Note 11, Variable Interest Entity, in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements). The earn-out expense was ($14) and $24 for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $137 and $110 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. |
We present media margin, media margin as a percentage of revenue, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income (loss), and adjusted net income (loss) per share as supplemental measures of our financial and operating performance because we believe they provide useful information to investors. More specifically:
Media margin, as defined above, is a measure of the efficiency of the Company's operating model. We use media margin and the related measure of media margin as a percentage of revenue as primary metrics to measure the financial return on our media and related costs, specifically to measure the degree by which the revenue generated from our digital marketing services exceeds the cost to attract the consumers to whom offers are made through our services. Media margin is used extensively by our management to manage our operating performance, including evaluating operational performance against budgeted media margin and understanding the efficiency of our media and related expenditures. We also use media margin for performance evaluations and compensation decisions regarding certain personnel.
Adjusted EBITDA, as defined above, is another primary metric by which we evaluate the operating performance of our business, on which certain operating expenditures and internal budgets are based and by which, in addition to media margin and other factors, our senior management is compensated. The first three adjustments represent the conventional definition of EBITDA, and the remaining adjustments are items recognized and recorded under U.S. GAAP in particular periods but might be viewed as not necessarily coinciding with the underlying business operations for the periods in which they are so recognized and recorded. These adjustments include certain litigation and other related costs associated with legal matters outside the ordinary course of business, including costs and accruals related to matters as described below (see Note 10, Contingencies, in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements). We consider items one-time in nature if they are non-recurring, infrequent or unusual and have not occurred in the past two years or are not expected to recur in the next two years, in accordance with SEC rules. There were no adjustments for one-time items in the periods presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Adjusted net income (loss), as defined above, and the related measure of adjusted net income (loss) per share exclude certain items that are recognized and recorded under U.S. GAAP in particular periods but might be viewed as not necessarily coinciding with the underlying business operations for the periods in which they are so recognized and recorded. We believe adjusted net income (loss) affords investors a different view of the overall financial performance of the Company than adjusted EBITDA and the U.S. GAAP measure of net income (loss).
Media margin, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income (loss), and adjusted net income (loss) per share are non-GAAP financial measures with certain limitations regarding their usefulness. They do not reflect our financial results in accordance with U.S. GAAP, as they do not include the impact of certain expenses that are reflected in our consolidated statements of operations. Accordingly, these metrics are not indicative of our overall results or indicators of past or future financial performance. Further, they are not financial measures of profitability and are neither intended to be used as a proxy for the profitability of our business nor to imply profitability. The way we measure media margin, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted net income (loss) may not be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies and may not be identical to corresponding measures used in our various agreements.
Comparison of Our Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023
Revenue
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue |
$ | 58,717 | $ | 82,145 | (29 | %) | $ | 124,700 | $ | 159,399 | (22 | %) | ||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
The decrease in revenue was primarily attributable to the contraction of our owned and operated marketplaces. A challenging macro-economic environment and a decrease in media supply resulting from changes in our business practices to comply with the FTC Consent Order, which in effect drove a reduction in spend from key clients in the Media & Entertainment, Financial Products & Services, and Staffing & Recruitment sectors, including our largest client in the gaming sector which pulled back pricing and spend as it refocused on ROAS starting in the third quarter of 2023. Further, there was minimal revenue related to the sale of certain health insurance policies that began in the fourth quarter of 2023 due to a write-off of accounts receivable and associated adjustment to revenue of $3.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 due to unauthorized changes made to submitted policies by unrelated third parties. The challenges were partially offset by the revenue growth from our new syndicated performance marketplaces. We have seen recovery in the owned and operated media supply and further growth of the syndicated performance marketplaces after June 30, 2024.
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
The decrease in revenue was primarily attributable to the contraction of our owned and operated marketplaces and changes related to our commission revenue as described above.
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) |
$ | 46,109 | $ | 59,540 | (23 | %) | $ | 93,457 | $ | 117,812 | (21 | %) | ||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
The decrease in cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) was largely attributable to the same factors causing the decline in owned and operated revenue for the period offset by growth of our syndicated performance marketplaces. Our cost of revenue primarily consists of media and related costs associated with acquiring traffic from third-party publishers, digital media platforms, and influencers for our owned and operated websites and purchasing media from syndicated publisher partners. The costs also include enablement costs associated with our call centers and tracking costs related to our consumer data. In addition, there are indirect costs which include fulfillment costs related to rewards earned by consumers who complete the requisite number of advertiser offers, along with call center software and hosting costs.
For the three months ended June 30, 2024 the total cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) as a percentage of revenue increased to 79% compared to 72% for the three months ended June 30, 2023.
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
The decrease in cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) was largely attributable to the same factors causing the decline in owned and operated revenue for the period offset by growth of our syndicated performance marketplaces.
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the total cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) as a percentage of revenue decreased to 75% compared to 74% for the six months ended June 30, 2023.
In the normal course of executing paid media campaigns to source consumer traffic, we regularly evaluate new channels, strategies, and partners. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, digital media spend continued to be a mix of affiliate traffic, paid media from major digital platforms, influencer activations, and inventory from strategic media partners. Traffic acquisition costs incurred with the major digital media platforms have historically been higher than affiliate traffic sources and the mix and profitability of our media channels, strategies, and partners reflect evolving market dynamics, the impact of our Traffic Quality Initiative, and the increased compliance obligations from the FTC Consent Order. As we evaluate and scale new media channels, strategies, and partners, we may determine that certain sources initially able to provide us profitable quality traffic may not be able to maintain our quality standards over time, and we may need to discontinue, or direct a modification of the practices of such sources which could reduce profitability. We believe improved traffic quality is the foundation to support sustainable long-term growth and position us as an industry leader. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, decreased spend for our owned and operated websites from social media platforms was the largest driver of the decline in revenue compared to the comparable 2023 periods. Past levels of cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) are not indicative of future costs, which may increase or decrease as a percentage of revenue these uncertainties in our business play out.
Sales and marketing
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing |
$ | 4,605 | $ | 4,215 | 9 | % | $ | 9,417 | $ | 9,028 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
For the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, sales and marketing expenses consisted mainly of employee salaries and benefits of $3.8 million and $3.6 million, advertising costs of $0.2 and $0.3 million, restructuring and severance costs of $0.2 and $0.0 million, professional fees of $0.1 and $0.1 million, and travel and entertainment of $0.1 and $0.1 million, respectively. The increase in salaries and benefits was primarily due to annual salary increases, and the increase in restructuring costs was due to the current year period reduction in workforce described below offset by the decline of third party referral fees.
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, sales and marketing expenses consisted mainly of employee salaries and benefits of $8.0 million and $7.4 million, restructuring and severance costs of $0.4 and $0.1 million, professional fees of $0.3 and $0.1 million, travel and entertainment of $0.3 and $0.2 million, and advertising costs of $0.2 and $0.6 million, respectively. The increase in salaries and benefits was primarily due to annual salary increases, and the increase in restructuring costs was due to the current year period reduction in workforce described below offset by the decline of third party referral fees.
Product development
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
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| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
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| Product development |
$ | 4,717 | $ | 4,615 | 2 | % | $ | 9,557 | $ | 9,553 | 0 | % | ||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
For the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, product development expenses consisted mainly of salaries and benefits of $3.5 million and $3.4 million, professional fees of $0.5 million and $0.4 million, software license and maintenance costs of $0.4 million and $0.5 million, and restructuring and severance costs of $0.2 and $0.0 million, respectively. The restructuring and severance costs in the current year period were due to the reduction in workforce described below.
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, product development expenses consisted mainly of salaries and benefits of $6.7 million and $6.9 million, professional fees of $1.0 million and $1.0 million, software license and maintenance costs of $0.9 million and $0.9 million, and restructuring and severance costs of $0.5 and $0.1 million, respectively. The immaterial increase in product development expense was primarily due to an increase in restructuring costs due to the current year period reduction in workforce described below mainly offset by lower salaries and other employee related costs due in part to lower headcount and decline in share-based compensation.
General and administrative
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
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| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
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| General and administrative |
$ | 8,856 | $ | 3,941 | 125 | % | $ | 19,221 | $ | 16,266 | 18 | % | ||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
For the three ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, general and administrative expenses consisted mainly of employee salaries and benefits of $4.2 million and $4.6 million, professional fees of $1.7 million and $1.3 million, office overhead of $1.0 million and $1.0 million, software license and maintenance costs of $0.7 million and $0.7 million, non-cash share-based compensation expense of $0.3 million and $0.7 million, acquisition-related costs of $0.0 million and $0.6 million, and certain litigation and related costs of $0.0 million and a credit related to insurance reimbursements and lower than expected regulatory settlement for previously incurred legal fees received in the prior period of ($5.7) million, respectively. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily related to the absence of the credit for certain litigation and related costs, which was partially offset by a reduction in salaries and benefits due to lower headcount, a decline in share based compensation expense and a decrease in acquisition related costs mainly due to the divestiture of True North Loyalty, LLC and its direct and indirect subsidiaries ("True North").
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, general and administrative expenses consisted mainly of employee salaries and benefits of $8.9 million and $9.5 million, professional fees of $3.4 million and $2.9 million, office overhead of $2.0 million and $2.2 million, software license and maintenance costs of $1.5 million and $1.2 million, acquisition-related costs of $0.8 million and $1.2 million, non-cash share-based compensation expense of $0.8 million and $1.4 million, and certain litigation and related costs of $0.0 million and a credit of ($4.4) million, respectively. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily related to the absence of the credit for certain litigation and related costs, which was partially offset by a reduction in salaries and benefits due to lower headcount, a decline in share-based compensation expense, a decrease in acquisition related costs mainly due to the divestiture of True North.
During the first quarter of 2023 and 2024 and the second quarter of 2024, the Company implemented reductions in the workforce that resulted in the termination of 20, 20, and 19 employees, respectively. These reductions in workforce were implemented following management's determination to decrease the Company's overhead to more effectively align resources to the Company's strategic initiatives. In connection with the reductions in workforce during the first quarter of 2023, the Company incurred $0.5 million in exit-related restructuring costs, consisting primarily of one-time termination benefits and associated costs, fully settled in cash by March 31, 2024. In connection with the reductions in workforce during the first quarter of 2024, the Company incurred $0.7 million in exit-related restructuring costs, consisting primarily of one-time termination benefits and associated costs, to be fully settled in cash by September 30, 2024. In connection with the second quarter 2024 reductions in workforce, the Company incurred $0.6 million in exit-related restructuring costs, consisting primarily of one-time termination benefits and associated costs, to be fully settled in cash by December 31, 2024. Apart from these exit-related restructuring costs, these reductions in workforce are expected to result in corresponding reductions in future salary and benefits within sales and marketing, product development, and general and administrative expenses. Subsequent to the second quarter of 2024, the Company implemented an additional reduction in workforce that resulted in the termination of another 9 employees.
Depreciation and amortization
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
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| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
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| Depreciation and amortization |
$ | 2,567 | $ | 3,095 | (17 | %) | $ | 5,138 | $ | 5,454 | (6 | %) | ||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
The decrease in depreciation and amortization costs was mainly due to certain intangible assets that fully amortized as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023.
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
The decrease in depreciation and amortization costs was driven by the same factors discussed above as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023.
Goodwill impairment and write-off of intangible assets
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
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| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
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| Goodwill impairment and impairment of intangible assets |
$ | 2,241 | $ | — | 100 | % | $ | 2,241 | $ | 25,700 | (91 | %) | ||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
The Company recognized a $1.3 million goodwill impairment in the current year period related to the All Other reporting unit and a $1.0 million impairment on its software developed for internal use related to the Fluent reporting unit and customer relationships related to the All Other reporting unit as of June 30, 2024, compared to no goodwill impairment loss or write-off of intangible assets for the prior period.
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
The Company recognized a $1.3 million goodwill impairment in the current year period and a $1.0 million impairment as described above, compared to the goodwill impairment of $25.7 million for the Fluent reporting unit for the six months ended June 30, 2023.
Interest expense, net
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
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| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
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| Interest expense, net |
$ | (1,015 | ) | $ | (795 | ) | 28 | % | $ | (2,430 | ) | $ | (1,484 | ) | 64 | % | ||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
The increase in interest expense was driven by a higher average interest rate on the SLR (as defined herein) term loan in the current year period as compared to the prior period's Citizens Bank, N.A. term loan described below under "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below along with increased loan amortization.
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
The increase in interest expense was driven by the same factors discussed above.
Income (loss) before income taxes
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
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| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
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| Income (loss) before income taxes |
$ | (12,402 | ) | $ | 5,944 | (309 | %) | $ | (17,770 | ) | $ | (25,898 | ) | (31 | %) | |||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
The decrease in income (loss) before income taxes of $18.3 million was primarily driven by the decline in revenue of $23.4 million and an increase in operating expenses of $5.4 million driven in part by the prior year period legal fee reimbursement related to previously incurred legal fees and lower than expected regulatory settlement of a legal case and legal fees, partly offset by a decline in cost of revenue of $13.4 million.
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
The decrease in loss before income taxes of $8.1 million was primarily due to the decline in revenue of $34.7 million and an increase in operating expenses of $3.3 million driven mainly by the prior year period legal fee reimbursement and settlement of the FTC case for lower than expected, partly offset by a decrease in goodwill impairment of $23.5 and a decline in cost of revenue of $24.4 million.
Income tax (expense) benefit
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
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| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
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| Income tax (expense) benefit |
$ | 775 | $ | (1,693 | ) | (146 | %) | $ | (133 | ) | $ | (1,794 | ) | (93 | %) | |||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
For the three months ended June 30, 2024, the effective tax rate of 6.5% differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% primarily due to state and local tax expense and losses for which no tax benefit is recognized as such amounts are fully offset with a valuation allowance. For the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company's effective income tax expense rate of 29.2% primarily by the impact of a non-deductible goodwill impairment against pre-tax year-to-date losses offset by the benefit of federal research and development credits.
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the effective tax rate of 0.8% differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% primarily due to state and local tax expense and losses for which no tax benefit is recognized as such amounts are fully offset with a valuation allowance. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company's effective income tax expense rate of 6.9% primarily by the impact of a non-deductible goodwill impairment against pre-tax year-to-date losses offset by the benefit of federal research and development credits.
As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded full valuation allowances against its net deferred tax assets. The Company intends to maintain full valuation allowances against the net deferred tax assets until there is sufficient evidence to support the release of all or some portion of such allowances. Release of some or all of the valuation allowance would result in the recognition of certain deferred tax assets and an increase in deferred tax benefit for any period in which such a release may be recorded, however, the exact timing and amount of any valuation allowance release are subject to change, depending upon the level of profitability that the Company is able to achieve and the net deferred tax assets available.
Net income (loss)
| Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
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| (In thousands) |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
2024 |
2023 |
% Change |
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| Net income (loss) |
$ | (11,627 | ) | $ | 4,251 | (374 | %) | $ | (17,903 | ) | $ | (27,692 | ) | (35 | %) | |||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023
Six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023
For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, net loss was $17.9 million and $27.7 million, respectively, as a result of the foregoing.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, net cash used in operating activities was $13.2 million, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $2.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Net loss in the current year period of $17.9 million represents a decrease of $9.8 million, as compared with net loss of $27.7 million in the prior period. Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities of $10.1 million in the current year period decreased by $23.1 million, as compared with $33.2 million in the prior period, primarily due to a goodwill impairment of $1.3 million and intangible impairment of $1.0 million in the current year period as compared to the goodwill impairment of $25.7 million in the prior period, partly offset by the current year period loss on early extinguishment of debt of $1.0 million. There were changes in assets and liabilities consuming cash of $5.4 million in the current year period, as compared with $3.4 million in the prior period, primarily due to ordinary-course changes in working capital, largely involving the timing of receipt of amounts owing from clients and disbursements of amounts payable to vendors.
Cash used in investing activities. For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, net cash used in investing activities was $3.5 million and $3.6 million, respectively. The minor decrease was mainly due to the increase in investment in capitalized software, compared to the impact of the TAPP consolidation that occurred in 2023.
Cash (used in) provided by financing activities. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, net cash provided by financing activities was $7.4 million, compared to net cash used in financing activities of $3.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase was mainly due to the sale of warrants and the net proceeds received from the issuance of the new debt partly offset by repayment of the prior debt and repayments on the new debt revolver as well as debt financing costs.
As of June 30, 2024, we had noncancelable operating lease commitments of $2.9 million and long-term debt with a $34.3 million principal balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, we funded our operations using available cash.
As of June 30, 2024, we had cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash of $6.4 million, a decrease of $9.4 million from $15.8 million as of December 31, 2023.
As of June 30, 2024, we were not in compliance with our financial covenants under our credit facility. On April 2, 2024, Fluent, LLC, as Borrower, entered into a credit agreement (as amended, the "SLR Credit Agreement") with the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Borrower as guarantors, Crystal Financial LLC D/B/A SLR Credit Solutions, as administrative agent, lead arranger and bookrunner ("SLR"), and the lenders from time to time party thereto. The SLR Credit Agreement provides for a $20.0 million term loan (the "SLR Term Loan") and a revolving credit facility of up to $30.0 million (the "SLR Revolver" and, together with the SLR Term Loan, the "SLR Credit Facility"). We used a portion of the net proceeds of the SLR Credit Facility to repay our outstanding obligations under the Citizens Credit Agreement dated March 31, 2021, prior to its maturity. As of June 30, 2024, the SLR Credit Facility had an outstanding principal balance of $32.3 million (of which $12.3 million relates to the SLR Revolver) and matures on April 2, 2029 (the "Maturity Date").
The SLR Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of our assets and those of certain of our direct and indirect subsidiaries, including Fluent, LLC. The SLR Credit Agreement contains restrictive covenants which impose limitations on the way we conduct our business, including, but not limited to, limitations on the amount of additional debt we are able to incur and our ability to make certain investments or to pay dividends or other restricted payments. The SLR Credit Agreement also contains certain affirmative covenants and customary events of default provisions, including, subject to grace periods, among others, payment default, covenant default and judgment default.
On May 15, 2024, the Borrower and SLR entered into the first amendment to SLR Credit Agreement, pursuant to which SLR (1) waived any required prepayments on the SLR Revolver from the proceeds from the Private Placement; (2) required that the Credit Parties (as defined in the SLR Credit Agreement) retain a financial advisor to assist in preparing the Company's projections, (3) increased the minimum excess availability covenant following the Private Placement; (4) amended the definition of borrowing base (as defined in the SLR Credit Agreement); and (5) amended certain post-closing obligations.
As a result of economic downward trends as described above in "Advertiser Trends & Seasonality", we updated our projections in the third quarter to reflect the continued pressure on our operating results. We entered into two letter agreements with SLR, pursuant to which SLR extended the deadline for delivery of the compliance certificate required for the fiscal month ended June 30, 2024, and the related notice of event of default, to August 21, 2024.(See Note 5, Long-term debt, net in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements).
On August 19, 2024, the Borrower and SLR entered into the Second Amendment to the SLR Credit Agreement, which, among other things, required that the we raise $2.0 million in additional capital. To raise the capital, we entered into convertible subordinated notes (See Note 12, Subsequent Events in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements) raising an aggregate of $2.1 million. In addition, among other things, the Second Amendment waived non-compliance with the financial covenant as of June 30, 2024, modified the financial covenant through December 31, 2025, ended a requirement to engage a financial advisor, and increased the interest rate margin from 5.25% to 5.75%.
We may voluntarily prepay the SLR Term Loan, in whole or in part, at any time, subject to a premium payable on the aggregate principal amount of any such voluntary prepayments within the first three years following the closing date. There is no principal amortization prior to maturity under the SLR Credit Agreement, except for certain mandatory prepayments to be made with the net cash proceeds of certain asset sales, casualty events, and other extraordinary receipts and upon the occurrence of certain other events, in each case, subject to certain reinvestment rights, thresholds and other exceptions. Unfunded commitments under the SLR Revolver will be subject to an unused facility fee, which will be payable monthly in arrears, as of the month following the closing, at a rate of 0.50% per annum. All amounts owed under the SLR Credit Facility will be due and payable on the Maturity Date, or earlier following a change in control or other event of default, unless otherwise extended in accordance with the terms of the SLR Credit Agreement. Borrowings under the SLR Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to a 3-month term SOFR plus 0.26161%, subject to a 1.50% floor, plus 5.25% (the "Applicable Margin"). The Applicable Margin will be reduced to 5.0% when our fixed charge coverage ratio is greater than 1.10 to 1. The opening interest rate of the SLR Credit Facility was 10.81% (SOFR + CSA + 5.25%), which increased to 10.86% (SOFR + CSA+5.25%) as of June 30, 2024.
Given the continued challenges we have faced achieving profitability, we made reductions in workforce during the first half of 2024 and continue to further consider cost reduction measures and focus resources on opportunities that will enable us to meet our projected budget and cash flow requirements. Initial measures included divesting a non-core business unit (see Note 11, Variable Interest Entity, in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements), transferring another business unit (see Note 3, Intangible assets, net in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements), and reviewing other business units to determine the impact of potential divestments.
We may explore the possible acquisition of businesses, products and/or technologies that are complementary to our existing business. We continue to identify and prioritize additional technologies, which we may wish to develop internally or through licensing or acquisition from third parties. While we may engage from time to time in discussions with respect to potential acquisitions, there can be no assurance that any such acquisitions will be made or that we will be able to successfully integrate any acquired business with our then current business or realize anticipated cost synergies. In order to finance such acquisitions and working capital, it may be necessary for us to raise additional funds through public or private financings. Any equity or debt financings, if available at all, may be on terms which are not favorable to us and, in the case of equity financings, may result in dilution to shareholders.
While based on current projections, we expect to be in compliance with the new financial covenants for each of the quarters in the twelve months following the issuance date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, if during any fiscal quarter, we do not comply with any of its financial covenants, such non-compliance would result in an event of default that would give SLR the right to accelerate maturities. In such case, the Company likely would not have sufficient funds to repay the SLR Term Loan and the SLR Revolver (as described above). In addition, while we believe the proceeds from the sale of the Convertible Notes (as defined in Note 12, Subsequent Events, in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements) will provide sufficient liquidity for any anticipated cash needs, there is no assurance that our available cash plus borrowing base will be sufficient to fund operations over the next twelve months. Further, if needed, we will consider implementing other cost saving measures, but there is no guarantee that the plans will be successfully executed or have the expected benefits. As a result, management concluded that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, recoverability of the carrying amounts of goodwill and intangible assets, share-based compensation, income taxes, and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
As disclosed in Note 3, Intangible assets, net, we conducted an interim test of recoverability of its long lived assets for the three months ended June 30, 2024. We compared the undiscounted cash flows to the carrying value of the asset group. If we were to experience sales declines, a significant change in operating margins which may impact our cash flows, and/or a decrease in our projected long-term growth rates, there would be an increased risk of impairment of other assets. Based on the results of this approach as of June 30, 2024, we concluded that the long-lived asset was not recoverable and an impairment loss was calculated. We assessed the fair value taking into account the market and the impact of the asset on the forecast and determined that the full remaining balance was impaired. As such, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $383 in the second quarter of 2024.
As disclosed in Note 4, Goodwill, we conducted an interim test of the fair value of its goodwill for potential impairment for the three months ended June 30, 2024. We considered a combination of income and market approaches to determine the fair value of the All Other reporting unit and determined the income approach provided the best indication of fair value. The critical assumptions in the income approach include forecasted revenues and profitability, long-term growth rates, and discount rates. If we were to experience sales declines, a significant change in operating margins which may impact our cash flows, an increase in our discount rates, and/or a decrease in our projected long-term growth rates, there would be an increased risk of impairment of goodwill. Based on the results of this approach as of June 30, 2024, we concluded that its carrying value exceeded its estimated fair value by 58%. As such, we concluded that its goodwill of $1,261 for the All Other reporting unit was impaired and recorded a non-cash impairment charge of its remaining balance in the second quarter of 2024.
Further details of the Company's accounting policies are available in Item 1, Financial Statements, Note 1, Summary of significant accounting policies, to the consolidated financial statements.
For additional information, please refer to our 2023 Form 10-K. There have been no additional material changes to Critical Accounting Estimates disclosed in the 2023 Form 10-K.
Recently issued accounting and adopted standards
See Note 1(d), "Recently issued and adopted accounting standards," in the Notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company's management, with the participation of the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act as of June 30, 2024. We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Company's Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
Based on the evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2024 and concluded they were effective as of that date.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
From time to time, we may be subject to litigation and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. We are not currently a party to any material legal proceedings and we are not aware of any pending or threatened legal proceeding against us that we believe could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, or financial condition.
Our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows may be impacted by a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, including those set forth in our 2023 Form 10-K, the occurrence of any one of which could have a material adverse effect on our actual results.
Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2023 Form 10-K and Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. The risk factors below supplement or update the risk factors in our 2023 Form 10-K.
There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern
We have experienced a continued decline in our operating results, driven primarily by the continued impact of the imposed regulatory requirements on our owned and operated digital media properties.
The SLR Credit Agreement requires us to maintain and comply with certain financial covenants. Moreover, the borrowings under the SLR Revolver under the SLR Credit Agreement are limited to a borrowing base that fluctuates as regularly as weekly based on our eligible accounts receivable. As a result of the continued decline in financial performance of our owned and operated digital media properties throughout the second quarter of 2024, our accounts receivable were insufficient to support the borrowing base needed to fund operations through the end of the second quarter of 2024. We therefore raised equity capital in May 2024, further updated our projections to reflect the continued decline in our operating results, and entered into the First Amendment with SLR on May 15, 2024.
As of June 30, 2024, we were not in compliance with our financial covenants under the SLR Credit Agreement, which we had to report by July 31, 2024, and which would have resulted in an event of default. However, we entered into two letter agreements pursuant to which SLR extended the deadline for delivery of the compliance certificate required for the fiscal month ended June 30, 2024, and the related notice of event of default, to August 21, 2024.
On August 19, 2024, we entered into the Second Amendment to the SLR Credit Agreement, which, among other things, required that we raise $2.0 million in additional capital. To raise the capital, we entered into convertible subordinated notes raising an aggregate of $2.1 million. In addition, among other things, the Second Amendment waived non-compliance with the financial covenant as of June 30, 2024, modified the financial covenant through December 31, 2025, ended the requirement to engage a financial advisor, and increased the interest rate margin from 5.25% to 5.75%.
While based on current projections, we expect to be in compliance with the new financial covenants for each of the quarters in the twelve months following the issuance date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, if during any fiscal quarter, we do not comply with any of our financial covenants, such non-compliance would result in an event of default that would give SLR the right to accelerate maturities. In such case, we likely would not have sufficient funds to repay the SLR Term Loan and the SLR Revolver. In addition, while we believe the proceeds from the sale of the Convertible Notes will provide sufficient liquidity for any anticipated cash needs, there is no assurance that our available cash plus borrowing base will be sufficient to fund operations over the next twelve months. Further, if needed, we will consider implementing other cost saving measures, but there is no guarantee that the plans will be successfully executed or have the expected benefits. As a result, management concluded that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
If our current plans are not successful, we may need to consider other strategic alternatives, including restructuring or refinancing our debt, seeking additional equity or debt financing, reducing or delaying our business activities and strategic initiatives, selling assets, and other strategic transactions and/or other measures. We have relied upon financing provided by our officers, directors and largest stockholders, and such holders may be unwilling or unable to continue providing financing should additional financing be required. Other financing sources may be unwilling to provide such funding to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. If we seek additional financing to fund our operations and there remains substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, we may find it especially difficult to raise funds on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. Furthermore, the perception that we may not be able to continue as a going concern may cause publishers, vendors, advertisers and other clients (current and potential) to review their business relationships and terms with us. Uncertainty regarding our ability to continue as a going concern could also have a material and adverse impact on the price of our common stock, which could negatively impact our ability to obtain stock-based financing or enter into strategic transactions.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
On May 13, 2024, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements (the "Purchase Agreements") with certain accredited investors (the "Purchasers") to sell pre-funded warrants (the "Pre-Funded Warrants") to purchase up to 2,955,084 shares of the Company's common stock, at a purchase price of $3.384 per Pre-Funded Warrant. The Pre-Funded Warrants had an exercise price of $0.005 per share of common stock, were immediately exercisable after stockholder approval of the Private Placement and terminated when exercised in full. The aggregate gross proceeds for the Private Placement were $10 million, before deducting offering expenses payable by the Company. The exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants was subject to stockholder approval, which occurred on July 2, 202. The Purchasers included, among others, three individuals who are officers and/or directors of the Company and a principal stockholder of the Company. No underwriting discounts or commissions were paid with respect to the Private Placement. The issuance of the Pre-Funded Warrants was made in reliance upon the exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.
The foregoing descriptions of the Purchase Agreements and Pre-Funded Warrants do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by, the full text of the Purchase Agreements and Pre-Funded Warrants, copies of which are incorporated by reference as Exhibits 10.1 and 10.2, respectively, to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are incorporated by reference herein.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans
During the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2024, of the Company's directors or executive officers adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of Company securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement."
Second Amendment to SLR Credit Agreement
On July 31, 2024, the Company and SLR entered into a letter agreement pursuant to which SLR extended the deadline for delivery of the compliance certificate required for the fiscal month ended June 30, 2024, and the related notice of event of default, to August 16, 2024. On August 14, 2024, the parties entered into a second letter agreement pursuant to which SLR extended the deadline for delivery of the same compliance certificate and related notice of event of default to August 21, 2024.
On August 19, 2024, the Borrower, SLR, and the other parties thereto entered into the Second Amendment to Credit Agreement (the "Second Amendment"), which, among other things, required that the Company raise $2.0 million in additional capital. To raise the capital, the Company entered into convertible subordinated notes with four individuals who are officers and/or directors of the Company and one principal stockholder of the Company. In addition, among other things, the Second Amendment waived non-compliance with the financial covenant as of June 30, 2024, modified the financial covenant through December 31, 2025, ended a requirement to engage a financial advisor, and increased the interest rate margin from 5.25% to 5.75%.
The Second Amendment also included a Second Amendment Subordination Agreement described below.
Sale of Convertible Notes
On August 19, 2024, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements (the "Securities Purchase Agreements") with certain accredited and/or sophisticated investors (the "Purchasers") to sell convertible subordinated promissory notes (the "Convertible Notes") in aggregate principal amount of $2.1 million. The Convertible Promissory Notes mature on April 2, 2029, bear interest at 13% per annum payable quarterly in cash (subject to payment conditions in the Subordination Agreement described below) or in kind. Subject to the payment conditions in the Subordination Agreement described below, the Company may prepay the Convertible Notes in whole or in part at any time upon ten days’ written notice; provided that, no prepayment will be permitted prior to the stockholder approval described below without the consent of the applicable holder.
Each holder of a Convertible Note is entitled to convert the Conversion Amount (as defined below) into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal to the lesser of (i) $3.01, and (ii) the greater of (A) the consolidated closing bid price of the Company’s Common Stock as reported on Nasdaq on the applicable conversion date and (B) $1.00, in each case subject to adjustments for stock splits, recapitalizations and the like. However, the applicable conversion price will in no event be lower than the price established by clause (ii) above unless and until the Company’s stockholders have approved matters related to the issuance of common stock upon conversion of the Convertible Notes, which vote is expected to take place at the Company’s 2024 annual meeting of stockholders. The Convertible Notes are subject to additional limits on conversion until stockholder approval is obtained, including an aggregate limit on the number of shares that may be issued upon conversion to 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock and provisions to prevent a change of control as defined in the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Company has agreed to use its reasonable efforts to secure stockholder approval at such meeting, including providing a recommendation FOR approval by the Company’s board of directors. Holders of the Convertible Notes will be permitted to vote on such stockholder approval, but may not vote any shares obtained from conversion of the Convertible Notes prior to such vote. No underwriting discounts or commissions were paid with respect to the Convertible Notes.
The purchasers of the Convertible Notes include our Chairman of the Board and Chief Strategy Officer Ryan Schulke, our Chief Executive Officer Donald Patrick, our interim Chief Financial Officer Ryan Perfit, our Chief Customer Officer and member of the board of directors Matthew Conlin, and Dr. Phillip Frost, a beneficial owner of approximately 22% of common stock prior to the Convertible Note transaction. In certain cases the Convertible Notes were purchased by affiliates of such persons.
In connection with the Second Amendment and the Purchase Agreements, the Company, SLR and the purchasers of the Convertible Notes entered into a Second Amendment Subordination Agreement dated August 19, 2024 (the "Subordination Agreement"). The Subordination Agreement confirms the subordinated nature of the Convertible Notes and restricts payments to and remedies of the holders of the Convertible Notes for so long as the SLR Credit Agreement has indebtedness outstanding. The Subordination Agreement provides that the Company may not make any payment of principal or interest on the Convertible Notes unless the conditions set forth in either in clause (i) or clause (ii) below are satisfied:
(i) (a) no event of default under the SLR Credit Agreement exists before or immediately after giving effect to such payment, (b) the Borrower has demonstrated to the satisfaction of SLR compliance with certain financial covenants on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the payment, and (c) SLR’s receipt of the Company’s audited financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024.
(ii) (a) no event of default under the SLR Credit Agreement exists before or immediately after giving effect to such payment, (b) the Company has raised equity capital excluding the proceeds from the sale of the Convertible Notes prior to June 30, 2025 and the payments made in respect of the Convertible Notes do not exceed an amount that equals the positive difference of the amount of such equity raise and $7,000,000, and (c) the Borrower has demonstrated to the satisfaction of SLR compliance with certain financial covenants on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the payment.
The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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Fluent, Inc. |
| August 19, 2024 | By: |
/s/ Ryan Perfit |
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Ryan Perfit |
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Interim Chief Financial Officer |
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(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |