Note 7 - Revenue and Cost Recognition

The Company's products are sold worldwide to a global network of distributors and dealers, and directly to consumers when there are no dealers or distributors in their geographic area or where consumers choose to purchase directly via the Company's e-commerce website (collectively the "customers").

Revenues from product sales are recognized when earned, net of applicable provisions for discounts and returns and allowances in the event of product defect where no exchange of product is possible. Revenues are recognized when performance obligations are satisfied as evidenced by transfer of control of promised goods to the Company's customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Product royalty income, representing less than 1% of total revenues, is recorded as the underlying product sales occur, in accordance with the related licensing arrangements.

The Company's standard distributor payment terms range from pre-payment in full to 60 days after shipment and subsequent sales of product by distributors have no effect on the amount and timing of payments due to the Company, however, in limited instances qualified distributors and dealers may be granted extended payment terms during selected order periods. In performing such evaluations, the Company utilizes historical experience, sales performance, and credit risk requirements. Furthermore, products purchased by distributors may not be returned to the Company in the event that any such distributor relationship is terminated.

Since the Company (through its wholly-owned subsidiary) serves as the distributor of Leatt products in the United States, the Company records its revenue and related cost of revenue for its product sales in the United States upon shipment of the merchandise to the dealer or to the ultimate consumer when there is no dealer in the geographic area or the consumer chooses to purchase directly from the Company's e-commerce website and the sales order was received directly from, and paid by, the ultimate consumer. Since the Company (through its South African branch) serves as the distributor of Leatt products in South Africa, the Company records its revenue and related cost of revenue for its product sales in South Africa upon shipment of the merchandise from the branch to the dealer. The Company's standard terms and conditions of sale for non-consumer direct or web-based sales do not allow for product returns other than under warranty.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 sales totalling $0 and $31,671 were deferred, respectively, as all of the requirements to have a complete contract with certain customers in accordance with ASC 606 had not been met at such respective date. The shipped goods associated with these deferred sales are included in the caption deferred asset in the balance sheet, net of an allowance for potential loss amounting to $0 and $6,400 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 respectively.

International sales (other than in the United States and South Africa) are generally drop-shipped directly from the Company's consolidation warehouse or the third-party manufacturer to the international distributors. Revenue and related cost of revenue is recognized at the time of shipment from the manufacturer's port when the shipping terms are Free On Board ("FOB") shipping point, Cost and Freight ("CFR") or Cost and Insurance to named place ("CIP") as legal title and risk of loss to the product pass to the distributor. Sales to all customers (distributors, dealers and consumers) are generally final; however, in limited instances, product may be returned and exchanged due to product quality issues. Historically, returns due to product quality issues have not been material and there have been no distributor terminations that resulted in product returns. Cost of revenues also includes royalty fees associated with sales of Leatt-Brace products. Product royalty income is recorded as the underlying product sales occur, in accordance with the related licensing arrangements.

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by the source of revenue:

		Nine months ended September 30,
		2024	% of Revenues		2023	% of Revenues
Consumer and athlete direct revenues	$	2,584,290	8%	$	2,235,122	6%
Dealer direct revenues		9,905,056	30%		9,549,630	25%
International distributor revenues		20,341,942	62%		25,653,662	69%
	$	32,831,288	100%	$	37,438,414	100%

The Company reviews the reserves for customer returns at each reporting period and adjusts them to reflect data available at that time. To estimate reserves for returns, the Company estimates the expected returns and claims based on historical rates as well as events and circumstances that indicate changes to historical rates of product returns and claims. Historically, returns due to product quality issues have not been material and there have been no distributor terminations that resulted in product returns. The provision for estimated returns at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $0, and $0, respectively.

Accounts receivable consist of amounts due to the Company from normal business activities. Credit is granted to substantially all distributors on an unsecured basis. The Company continuously monitors collections and payments from customers and maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable based upon the expected credit losses determined utilizing historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that have been identified. In determining the amount of the allowance, the Company is required to make certain estimates and assumptions. Accounts receivable balances that are still outstanding after the Company used reasonable collection efforts are written off as uncollectible. While such credit losses have historically been minimal, within the Company's expectations and the provisions established, the Company cannot guarantee that it will continue to experience the same credit loss rates as in the past. A significant change in the liquidity or financial position of any of the Company's significant customers could have a material adverse effect on the collectability of the Company's accounts receivable and future operating results. The allowance for short-term doubtful accounts at September 30, 2024 was $645,618 and at December 31, 2023 was $662,612. Additionally, an allowance for long-term doubtful accounts will be included for accounts receivables that are anticipated to be collected over a period that is greater than 12 months. The allowance for long-term doubtful accounts at September 30, 2024 was $12,676 and at December 31, 2023 was $26,929.

Sales commissions are expensed when incurred, which is generally at the time of sale, because the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are recorded in commissions and consulting expenses within operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

Shipping and handling activities associated with outbound freight, after control over a product has transferred to a customer, are accounted for as a fulfilment cost and are included in revenues and cost of revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Revenue recognized from contracts with customers is recorded net of sales taxes, value added taxes, or similar taxes that are collected on behalf of local taxing authorities.