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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (U.S. GAAP). The consolidated financial statements include the Company’s accounts and those of its four wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Segments

Segments

The chief operating decision maker for the Company is the Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied only by information about revenue by geographic region, for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. The Company has one business activity and there are no segment managers who are held accountable for operations, operating results or plans for levels or components below the consolidated unit level, other than revenue. Accordingly, the Company has determined that it has a single reportable and operating segment structure. The Company and its Chief Executive Officer evaluate performance based primarily on revenue in the geographic locations in which the Company operates. 

Until 2015, the Company had derived most of its revenue from sales to customers in Australia and Europe.  In May 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the Company’s premarket approval (PMA) application to market Senza in the United States and the Company launched sales in the United States in 2015. Revenue by geography is based on the billing address of the customer. The following table sets forth revenue by geographic area for countries with revenue accounting for 10% of more of the total revenue during the periods presented:

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2017

 

 

2016

 

 

2015

 

United States

 

 

81

%

 

 

76

%

 

 

35

%

Australia

 

*

 

 

*

 

 

 

20

%

United Kingdom

 

*

 

 

*

 

 

 

12

%

Germany

 

*

 

 

*

 

 

 

13

%

 

*

Represents less than 10%

Long-lived assets and operating income outside the U.S. are not material; therefore disclosures have been limited to revenue.

Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign Currency Translation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in U.S. dollars (USD). Its foreign subsidiaries use their local currency as their functional currency and maintain their records in the local currency. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated into USD using the current exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and equity accounts are translated into USD using historical rates. Revenues and expenses are translated using the monthly average exchange rates during the period when the transaction occurs. The resulting foreign currency translation adjustments from this process are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated balance sheets. Unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses from the remeasurement of assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the reporting entity are recorded in other income (expense), net. The Company recorded net unrealized foreign currency transaction gains of $0.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2017, losses of $1.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2016 and gains of $0.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2015. Additionally, realized gains and losses resulting from transactions denominated in currencies other than the local currency are recorded in other income (expense), net. The Company recorded realized foreign currency transaction gains of $0.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2017, gains of $0.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2016 and losses of $2.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2015.

As the Company’s international operations grow, the effect of fluctuations in currency rates will become greater, and the Company will continue to reassess its approach to managing this risk. In addition, currency fluctuations or a weakening U.S. dollar can increase the costs of the Company’s international expansion. To date, the Company has not entered into any foreign currency hedging contracts. Based on its current international structure, the Company does not plan on engaging in hedging activities in the near future.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant accounting estimates and management judgments reflected in the consolidated financial statements include items such as allowances for doubtful accounts; warranty obligations; stock-based compensation; depreciation and amortization lives; inventory valuation; valuation of investments and accounting for income taxes. Estimates are based on historical experience, where applicable, and other assumptions believed to be reasonable by management. Actual results may differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties

Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist of cash, cash equivalents and investments. The majority of the Company’s cash is held by one financial institution in the United States in excess of federally insured limits. The Company maintained investments in money market funds that were not federally insured during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, and held cash in foreign banks of approximately $4.5 million and $3.3 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, that was not federally insured. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents.

The Company’s convertible note hedge transactions, entered into in connection with the 2021 Notes, subject the Company to credit risk such that the counterparties may be unable to fulfill the terms of the transactions.  The associated risk is mitigated by limiting the counterparties to major financial institutions.

Through December 31, 2014, all of the Company’s revenue had been derived from sales of its products in international markets, principally Australia and Europe.  In May 2015, the Company launched sales in the United States upon receiving FDA approval to market and sell its products in the United States. In the international markets in which the Company participates, the Company uses both a direct sales force and distributors to sell its products, while in the United States the Company utilizes a direct sales force. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of some of its direct customers and distributors, does not require collateral, and maintains allowances for potential credit losses on customer accounts when deemed necessary.

There were no customers that accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for each of the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.  Additionally, there were no customers that accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

The Company is subject to risks common to medical device companies including, but not limited to, new technological innovations, dependence on key personnel, protection of proprietary technology, compliance with government regulations, product liability, uncertainty of market acceptance of products and the need to obtain additional financing. The Company is dependent on third party manufacturers and suppliers, in some cases sole- or single-source suppliers.

There can be no assurance that the Company’s products or services will continue to be accepted in the marketplace, nor can there be any assurance that any future products or services can be developed or manufactured at an acceptable cost and with appropriate performance characteristics, or that such products or services will be successfully marketed, if at all.

The Company expects to incur operating losses in the near term and may need to obtain additional financing. There can be no assurance that such financing will be available or will be at terms acceptable by the Company.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash equivalents, short term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include money market funds in the amount of $30.3 million and $35.5 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company’s cash equivalents were held in institutions in the United States and include deposits in a money market fund which were unrestricted as to withdrawal or use.

Restricted Cash

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 includes certificates of deposit of $0.6 million representing collateral for the Company’s Redwood City, CA building lease pursuant to an agreement dated March 5, 2015 and $0.2 million collateralizing payment of charges related to the Company’s credit cards.

Investment Securities

Investment Securities

The Company classifies its investment securities as available-for-sale. The Company classifies these investment securities as short-term or long-term based on the nature of the investment, its maturity date and its availability for use in current operations. Those investments with original maturities greater than three months at the date of purchase and remaining maturities of less than 12 months are considered short-term investments. Those investments with remaining maturities greater than 12 months are also classified as short-term investments as management considers them to be available for current operations if needed. The Company’s investment securities are recorded at fair value based on the fair value hierarchy.  Money market funds and treasury bonds are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy and the commercial paper and corporate notes are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Unrealized gains and losses, deemed temporary in nature, are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

A decline in the fair value of any security below cost that is deemed other than temporary results in a charge to earnings and the corresponding establishment of a new cost basis for the security. Premiums (discounts) are amortized (accreted) over the life of the related security as an adjustment to yield using the straight-line interest method. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses are included in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of securities sold.

Inventories

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost to purchase or manufacture the inventory or the net realizable value of such inventory. Cost is determined using the standard cost method which approximates the first-in, first-out basis. Net realizable value is determined as the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. The Company regularly reviews inventory quantities in consideration of actual loss experiences, projected future demand, and remaining shelf life to record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory when appropriate.

The Company’s policy is to write down inventory that has become obsolete, inventory that has a cost basis in excess of its expected lower of cost or net realizable value, and inventory in excess of expected requirements. The estimate of excess quantities is judgmental and primarily dependent on the Company’s estimates of future demand for a particular product. If the estimate of future demand is inaccurate based on actual sales, the Company may increase the write down for excess inventory for that component and record a charge to inventory impairment in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of inventory on hand for potential excess amount over demand using the same lower of cost or net realizable value approach as that has been used to value the inventory. The Company also periodically evaluates inventory quantities in consideration of actual loss experience. As a result of these evaluations, for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized total write downs of $4.0 million, $4.1 million and $2.8 million for its inventories. The Company’s estimation of the future demand for a particular component of the Company’s products may vary and may result in changes in estimates in any particular period.

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and are included in cost of revenue.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when all of the following criteria are met:

 

persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists;

 

the sales price is fixed or determinable;

 

collection of the relevant receivable is reasonably assured at the time of sale; and

 

delivery has occurred or services have been rendered.

For a majority of sales, where the Company’s sales representative delivers its product at the point of implantation at hospitals or medical facilities, the Company recognizes revenue upon completion of the procedure and receipt of the purchase order, which represents satisfaction of the required revenue recognition criteria. For the remaining sales, which are sent from the Company’s distribution centers directly to hospitals and medical facilities, as well as distributor sales where product is ordered in advance of an implantation procedure and a valid purchase order has been received, the Company recognizes revenue at the time of shipment of the product, which represents the point in time when the customer has taken ownership and assumed the risk of loss and the required revenue recognition criteria are satisfied. The Company’s customers are obligated to pay within specified terms regardless of when or if they ever sell or use the products. The Company does not offer rights of return or price protection and it has no post-delivery obligations. The Company periodically provides incentive offers to customers.  Product revenue is recorded net of such incentive offers.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company makes estimates of the collectability of accounts receivable. In doing so, the Company analyzes historical bad debt trends, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Warranty Obligations

Warranty Obligations

The Company provides a limited one- to five-year warranty and warrants that its products will operate substantially in conformity with product specifications. The Company records an estimate for the provision for warranty claims in cost of revenue when the related revenues are recognized.  This estimate is based on historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, the cost per claim and the number of units sold.  The Company regularly assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty obligations and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation of property and equipment, other than leasehold improvements, is computed using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives of three to five years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the life of the lease. Upon retirement or sale, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the consolidated balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group might not be recoverable. When such an event occurs, management determines whether there has been impairment by comparing the anticipated undiscounted future net cash flows to the related asset group’s carrying value. If an asset is considered impaired, the asset is written down to fair value, which is determined based either on discounted cash flows or appraised value, depending on the nature of the asset. There were no impairment charges, or changes in estimated useful lives, recorded through December 31, 2017.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company records income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements or income tax returns. In estimating future tax consequences, expected future events other than enactments or changes in the tax law or rates are considered. Valuation allowances are provided when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The Company operates in various tax jurisdictions and is subject to audit by various tax authorities. To date, taxes paid have been predominantly due to income taxes in foreign and state jurisdictions in which we conduct business. The Company provides for tax contingencies whenever it is deemed probable that a tax asset has been impaired or a tax liability has been incurred for events such as tax claims or changes in tax laws. Tax contingencies are based upon their technical merits, relative tax law, and the specific facts and circumstances as of each reporting period. Changes in facts and circumstances could result in material changes to the amounts recorded for such tax contingencies.

The Company records uncertain tax positions on the basis of a two-step process whereby (1) a determination is made as to whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained based on the technical merits of the position and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold the Company recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income taxes as a component of income tax expense. No interest or penalties related to income taxes have been recognized in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss in 2017, 2016 and 2015.

On December 22, 2017, the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the 2017 Tax Act) was enacted into law.  The 2017 Tax Act contains several key tax law changes, including a reduction of the corporate income tax rate to 21% effective January 1, 2018, and a one-time mandatory transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings, among others.  In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 740, Income Taxes, the Company is required to recognize the effect of the tax law changes in the period of enactment, such as remeasuring its estimated U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities.  Consistent with guidance issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which provides for a measurement period of one year from the enactment date to finalize the accounting for effects of the 2017 Tax Act, as of December 31, 2017, the Company has made a reasonable estimate of the effects on its existing deferred taxes and related disclosures and the one-time transition tax. Due to current year taxable losses and the Company’s federal valuation allowance position, it did not recognize any income tax expense or benefit as a result of the 2017 Tax Act.  The Company considers the key estimates on the deferred tax remeasurements, transition tax, and other items to be provisional due to expected forthcoming guidance from federal and state tax authorities, its continuing analysis of final year-end data and tax positions. The Company expects to complete its analysis within the measurement period in accordance with the SEC’s guidance.

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Other comprehensive income (loss) represents all changes in stockholders’ equity except those resulting from distributions to stockholders. The Company’s unrealized gains on short-term available-for-sale investment securities and foreign currency translation adjustments represent the components of other comprehensive income (loss) that are excluded from the reported net loss and are presented in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Research and Development

Research and Development

Research and development expenses, including new product development, regulatory compliance, and clinical research, are charged to operations as incurred in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Such costs include personnel-related costs, including stock-based compensation, supplies, services, depreciation, allocated facilities and information services, clinical trial and related clinical manufacturing expenses, fees paid to investigative sites, and other indirect costs.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation arrangements with employees in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. ASC 718 requires the recognition of compensation expense, using a fair value-based method, for costs related to all share-based payments including stock options.

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-09, Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Shared-Based Payment Accounting, which the Company adopted on January 1, 2017.  Under ASU 2016-09, entities are permitted to make an accounting policy election to either estimate forfeitures on share-based payment awards, as previously required, or to recognize forfeitures as they occur. The Company has elected to continue to estimate forfeitures expected to occur to determine the amount of compensation cost recognized in each period.  ASU 2016-09 also requires that entities recognize, on a prospective basis, all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement as discrete items in the reporting period in which they occur. The adoption did not result in a cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2017 using the modified retrospective method. Additionally, under ASU 2016-09, excess tax benefits are classified as an operating activity in the statement of cash flows. The Company has elected the presentation of excess tax benefits in the statement of cash flows using the prospective transition method.

The Company’s determination of the fair value of stock options on the date of grant utilizes the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and is impacted by its common stock price as well as changes in assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to, the expected term that options will remain outstanding, the expected common stock price volatility over the term of the option awards, risk-free interest rates and expected dividends.

The fair value of stock options is recognized over the period during which an optionee is required to provide services in exchange for the option award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period), on a straight-line basis. Stock-based compensation expense recognized at fair value includes the impact of estimated forfeitures. The Company estimates future forfeitures at the date of grant and revises the estimates, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

The Company estimates the fair value of the rights to purchase shares by employees under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan using the Black-Scholes option pricing formula. The Employee Stock Purchase Plan provides for consecutive six-month offering periods and the Company uses its own historical volatility data in the valuation.

Equity instruments issued to non-employees are recorded at their fair value on the measurement date and are subject to periodic adjustments as the underlying equity instruments vest. The fair value of options granted to consultants is expensed when vested. The non-employee stock-based compensation expense was not material for all periods presented.

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation for the restricted stock units at their fair value, based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.  These costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting term of four years.

The Company also issues stock options and restricted stock units with vesting based upon completion of performance goals. The fair value for these performance-based awards is recognized over the period during which the goals are to be achieved.  Stock-based compensation expense recognized at fair value includes the impact of estimated probability that the goals would be achieved, which is assessed prior to the requisite service period for the specific goals.

Upon adoption of ASU 2016-09 as described above, excess tax benefits or deficiencies from share-based award activity are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations as a component of the provision for income taxes, whereas they were previously recognized as additional paid-in capital.

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock

Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. For purposes of the diluted net loss per share calculation, restricted stock units and common stock options are considered to be potentially dilutive securities. Because the Company has reported a net loss in all periods presented, diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for those periods.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC 605, Revenue Recognition. This ASU is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments, changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The FASB has issued several updates to ASU No. 2014-09.  These ASU’s (collectively, the new revenue standard) may be applied retrospectively to each prior period presented (full retrospective) or retrospectively with the cumulative effect recognized as of the date of initial application (modified retrospective).

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, the Company finalized its assessment of the new revenue standard, including completing its contract reviews and evaluation of design changes to business processes and controls. Based on its assessment, the Company notes that its revenue arrangements consist of a single performance obligation and the transfer of promised goods which allows the Company to recognize revenue at a point in time.  However, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria have been met, under the new revenue standard, the Company will recognize revenue earlier for arrangements where certain documents required for revenue recognition under the current standard are considered administrative and incidental.

The Company will adopt the new revenue standard as of January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach applied to those contracts which were not completed as of that date. Upon adoption, the Company will recognize the cumulative effect of adopting the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of the Company’s accumulated deficit.  The Company does not expect this adjustment to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. ASU 2016-01 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company will adopt ASU 2016-01 in the first quarter of 2018 and does not expect the impact on its consolidated financial statements to be material.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This update requires an entity to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months on the balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018.  The Company is evaluating and interpreting the requirements under the guidance, including the available accounting policy elections, in order to determine the impacts to the Company’s financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force). The update clarifies the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows, including debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, settlement of contingent consideration arising from a business combination, insurance settlement proceeds and distributions from certain equity method investees. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect that this new standard will have on its Financial Statements and related disclosures.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory. This update is intended to reduce the complexity and diversity in practice related to the tax consequences of certain types of intra-entity asset transfers.  Under this ASU, a selling entity is required to recognize a current tax expense or benefit upon the transfer of the asset. Similarly, the purchasing entity is required to recognize a deferred tax asset or liability, as well as the related deferred tax benefit or expense, upon receipt of the asset. This ASU does not apply to intra-entity transfers of inventory, where the income tax consequences from the sale of inventory from one member of a consolidated entity to another will continue to be deferred until the inventory is sold to a third party. ASU 2016-16 is effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those annual periods.  Early adoption is permitted.  The Company is evaluating the effect that this new standard will have on its Financial Statements and related disclosures.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash, a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force. The update requires that the statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. ASU 2016-18 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those annual periods. The Company is evaluating the effect that this new standard will have on its Financial Statements and related disclosures.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, Other Income – Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets.  This update clarifies that a financial asset is within the scope of Subtopic 610-20 if it is deemed an “in substance non-financial asset.”  The effective date and transition methods of ASU 2017-05 are aligned with ASU 2014-09 described above. The Company is evaluating the effect that this new standard will have on its Financial Statements and related disclosures.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities.  This update shortens the premium amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium.  ASU 2017-08 is effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018.  The Company is evaluating the effect that this new standard will have on its Financial Statements and related disclosures.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting.  This update amends the scope of modification accounting for share-based payment awards. Specifically, companies would not apply modification accounting if the fair value, vesting conditions and classification of the award remain the same despite a change in terms or conditions.  ASU 2017-09 is effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted.  The Company is evaluating the effect that this new standard will have on its Financial Statements and related disclosures.