Note 14 - Segment Reporting

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block]

14. Segment Reporting:

ASC 280-10, Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information (“ASC 280-10”), establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments. ASC 280-10 requires that a public business enterprise reports financial and descriptive information about its reportable operating segments. Operating segments are components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Our President and Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") is identified as the CODM as defined by ASC 280-10.

Each of the reportable segments, Insurance, and Energy and Specialized Markets, has a portion of its revenue from more than one of the three revenue types described within our revenue recognition policy. Below is the overview of the solutions offered within each reportable segment.

Insurance: We are the leading provider of statistical, actuarial, and underwriting data for the U.S. P&C insurance industry. Our databases include cleansed and standardized records describing premiums and losses in insurance transactions, casualty and property risk attributes for commercial buildings and their occupants, and fire suppression capabilities of municipalities. We use this data to create policy language and proprietary risk classifications that are industry standards and to generate prospective loss cost estimates used to price insurance policies, which are accessed via a hosted platform. We also develop solutions that our customers use to analyze key processes in managing risk. Our combination of algorithms and analytic methods incorporates our proprietary data to generate solutions. We also help businesses and governments better anticipate and manage climate and weather-related risks. In most cases, our customers integrate the solutions into their models, formulas, or underwriting criteria in order to predict potential loss events, ranging from hurricanes to earthquakes. We develop catastrophe and extreme event models and offer solutions covering natural and man-made risks, including acts of terrorism. We further develop solutions that allow customers to quantify costs after loss events occur. Our multitier, multispectral terrestrial imagery and data acquisition, processing, analytics, and distribution system using the remote sensing and machine learning technologies help gather, store, process, and deliver geographic and spatially referenced information that supports uses in many markets. Additionally, we offer fraud-detection solutions including review of data on claim histories, analysis of claims to find emerging patterns of fraud, and identification of suspicious claims in the insurance sector. Our underwriting, insurance anti-fraud claims, catastrophe modeling, and loss quantification solutions are included in this segment. 

Energy and Specialized Markets: On  February 1, 2023, we completed the sale of our Energy segment. We determined that the transaction met the criteria to be classified as discontinued operations. As a result, the financial operations of Energy are excluded from the segment disclosure. See Note 7. Dispositions and Discontinued Operations for further discussion. Prior to the sale, we were a leading provider of data analytics via hosted platform for the global energy, chemicals, and metals and mining industries. Our research and consulting solutions focused on exploration strategies and screening, asset development and acquisition, commodity markets, and corporate analysis in the areas of business environment, business improvement, business strategies, commercial advisory, and transaction support. We gathered and managed proprietary information, insight, and analysis on oil and gas fields, mines, refineries, and other assets across the interconnected global energy sectors to advise customers in making asset investment and portfolio allocation decisions. Our analytical tools measured and observed environmental properties and translated those measurements into actionable information based on customer needs. In addition, we provided market and cost intelligence to energy companies to optimize financial results.

 As of February 1, 2023, we have determined that we have one operating segment and one reportable segment, Insurance, on a prospective basis. The segment is based on financial information that is utilized by the Company’s CODM, who is the Company’s CEO, to assess performance and allocate resources on a consolidated basis. We have included the results of our disposed of segments below for comparability purposes. We use EBITDA as the profitability measure for making decisions regarding ongoing operations. EBITDA is net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization of fixed and intangible assets. EBITDA is the measure of operating results used to assess corporate performance and optimal utilization of debt and acquisitions. Operating expenses consist of direct and indirect costs principally related to personnel, facilities, software license fees, consulting, travel, and third-party information services. We do not allocate interest expense and provision for income taxes, since these items are not considered in evaluating the segment’s overall operating performance. In addition, our CODM does not evaluate the financial performance of each segment based on assets. See Note 3. Revenues for information on disaggregated revenues by type of service and by country.

The following tables provide our revenue and EBITDA by reportable segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, and the reconciliation of EBITDA to income before income taxes as shown in our accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations:

	For the Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2024						June 30, 2023
	Insurance			Total			Insurance			Energy and Specialized Markets			Total
Revenues	$	716.8		$	716.8			675.0			—		$	675.0
Expenses:
Cost of revenues (exclusive of items shown separately below)		(219.4	)		(219.4	)		(216.9	)		—			(216.9	)
Selling, general and administrative		(101.5	)		(101.5	)		(86.8	)		—			(86.8	)
Net gain on the early extinguishment of debt		3.6			3.6			—			—			—
Investment gain (loss)		99.8			99.8			(6.2	)		—			(6.2	)
EBITDA from discontinued operations of the Energy business		—			—			—			(8.4	)		(8.4	)
EBITDA	$	499.3		$	499.3		$	365.1		$	(8.4	)	$	356.7
EBITDA from discontinued operations of the Energy business					—									8.4
Depreciation and amortization of fixed assets					(59.0	)								(46.5	)
Amortization of intangible assets					(18.2	)								(18.8	)
Interest expense					(29.1	)								(31.6	)
Income before income taxes				$	393.0								$	268.2

	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2024						June 30, 2023
	Insurance			Total			Insurance			Energy and Specialized Markets			Total
Revenues	$	1,420.8		$	1,420.8		$	1,326.6		$	—		$	1,326.6
Expenses:
Cost of revenues (exclusive of items shown separately below)		(447.2	)		(447.2	)		(433.1	)		—			(433.1	)
Selling, general and administrative		(194.4	)		(194.4	)		(165.8	)		—			(165.8	)
Net gain on the early extinguishment of debt		3.6			3.6			—			—			—
Investment gain (loss)		96.5			96.5			(7.3	)		—			(7.3	)
EBITDA from discontinued operations of the Energy business		—			—			—			(145.3	)		(145.3	)
EBITDA	$	879.3		$	879.3		$	720.4		$	(145.3	)		575.1
EBITDA from discontinued operations of the Energy business					—									145.3
Depreciation and amortization of fixed assets					(116.4	)								(91.1	)
Amortization of intangible assets					(36.7	)								(36.5	)
Interest expense					(58.0	)								(58.0	)
Income before income taxes				$	668.2								$	534.8

Long-lived assets by country are provided below:

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Long-lived assets:
U.S.	$	2,362.5	$	2,455.7
U.K.		600.6		597.9
Other countries		497.6		502.4
Total long-lived assets	$	3,460.7	$	3,556.0