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EXPENSES
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
EXPENSES

 

20.EXPENSES

 

Research and development costs can be analysed as follows:

 

   2021   2020   2019 
Wages and benefits  $3,270,528   $1,586,900   $874,673 
Subcontract fees   1,516,343    3,802,919    834,598 
Stock-based compensation   1,769,951    567,859    237,311 
Supplies   1,608,306    676,639    137,233 
                
Research and development costs  $8,165,128   $6,634,317   $2,083,815 

 

Selling, marketing and administration costs can be analysed as follows:

 

                
Stock-based compensation  $2,764,419   $3,045,086   $2,650,830 
Wages and benefits   2,643,451    2,233,449    1,619,719 
Professional fees   1,155,316    800,551    1,120,805 
General expenses   1,304,690    1,188,712    813,951 
Depreciation and amortization   1,100,522    813,103    243,674 
Management and consulting fees   -    -    154,357 
Rent and facility costs   87,130    57,097    94,051 
                
Selling, marketing and administration costs  $9,055,528   $8,137,998   $6,697,387