Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Therefore, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019, included herein, was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date, but does not include all disclosures including certain notes required by U.S. GAAP on an annual reporting basis.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive loss, statements of stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the interim periods, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for the full year 2020 or any future period.

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Assets and liabilities which are subject to judgment and use of estimates include the determination of the period of benefit for deferred commissions, relative stand-alone selling price for identified performance obligations in our revenue transactions, allowances for credit losses, the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, the fair value of contingent consideration, the recoverability of goodwill and long-lived assets, valuation allowances with respect to deferred tax assets, useful lives associated with property and equipment and intangible assets, contingencies, and the valuation and assumptions underlying stock-based compensation. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates compared to historical experience and trends, which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities. In addition, the Company engages valuation specialists to assist with management’s determination of the valuation of its fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations convertible senior notes, and certain market-based performance equity awards. There have been significant changes to the global economic situation as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The global outbreak continues to cause instability and volatility in multiple markets where the Company conducts business which could cause changes to estimates as a result of the financial circumstances. Such changes to estimates could potentially result in impacts that would be material to the consolidated financial statements, particularly with respect to the timing of revenue recognition resulting from potential implementation delays, evaluating the recoverability of long-lived assets with finite useful lives for impairment and estimates of credit losses for accounts receivables and contract assets. No impairments were recorded as of the balance sheet date; however, due to significant uncertainty surrounding the situation, management's judgment regarding this could change in the future. As of the date of issuance of these financial statements, the Company’s results of operations have not been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic; however, the Company continues to monitor the situation.

Concentrations of Credit and Business Risk

Concentrations of Credit and Business Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist of cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable.

The Company maintains cash and cash equivalent balances at several banks. Accounts located in the United States are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000. From time to time, balances may exceed amounts insured by the FDIC. The Company has not experienced any losses in such amounts.

The Company’s accounts receivable are generally unsecured and are derived from revenue earned from customers primarily located in the United States, Norway, Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom and are generally denominated in U.S. dollars, Norwegian Krone, Euro, Swedish Kronor or British Pounds. Each reporting period, the Company reevaluates each customer’s ability to satisfy credit obligations and maintains an allowance for credit risk based on the evaluations. No single customer comprised more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. No single customer comprised more than 10% of the Company’s total accounts receivable as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.   

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of funds deposited into money market funds. Cash and cash equivalents are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value.

Restricted Cash

Restricted Cash

The Company’s restricted cash balance primarily consists of cash held at a financial institution for collateral against performance on the Company’s customer contracts and certain other cash deposits for specific purposes.

Short-Term Investments

Short-Term Investments

Short-term investments consist of highly liquid investments, primarily commercial paper, U.S. Treasury and U.S. agency securities, with maturities over three months from the date of purchase and less than 12 months from the date of the balance sheet. Debt securities, money market funds and U.S. agency bonds that the Company has the ability and positive intent to hold to maturity are carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. All held-to-maturity securities have maturity dates within one year.

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies

Except for the accounting policies for credit losses that were updated, as set forth below, as a result of adopting Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13 (as amended through November 2019), Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and the accounting policies for the implementation, set-up, and other upfront costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement, as set forth below, as a result of adopting ASU 2018-15, Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, there have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 28, 2020, that have had a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company derives its revenues primarily from subscription services and professional services. Revenues are recognized when control of services is transferred to the Company’s customers in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services.

The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

• Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer

• Identification of the performance obligations in the contract

• Determination of the transaction price

• Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

• Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

Subscription Services Revenues

Subscription services revenues primarily consist of fees that provide customers access to one or more of the Company’s hosted applications for critical event management, with routine customer support. Revenue is generally recognized over time on a ratable basis over the contract term beginning on the date that the Company’s service is made available to the customer. All services are recognized using an output measure of progress looking at time elapsed as the contract generally provides the customer equal benefit throughout the contract period. The Company’s subscription contracts are generally two years or longer in length, billed annually in advance, and non-cancelable.

Professional Services Revenues

Professional services revenues primarily consist of fees for deployment and optimization services, as well as training. The majority of the Company’s consulting contracts revenue is recognized over time as the services are performed. For contracts billed on a fixed price basis, revenue is recognized over time based on the proportion performed.

Software License Revenues

On occasion the Company may sell software and related post contract support for on premise usage as well as professional services which is outside of the Company’s core business. The Company’s on premise license transactions are perpetual in nature and are recognized at a point in time when made available to the customer.

Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations

Most of the Company’s contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. For these contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis for those performance obligations with stable observable prices and then the residual method applied for any performance obligation that has pricing, which is highly variable. The Company determines the standalone selling prices based on the Company’s overall pricing objectives, taking into consideration market conditions and other factors, including the value of the Company’s contracts, pricing when certain services are sold on a standalone basis, the applications sold, customer demographics, geographic locations, and the volume of services and users.

Returns

The Company does not offer rights of return for its products and services in the normal course of business. 

Customer Acceptance

The Company’s contracts with customers generally do not include customer acceptance clauses.

Trade and Other Receivables

Trade and Other Receivables

Trade and other receivables are primarily comprised of trade receivables that are recorded at the invoice amount, net of an allowance for credit risk, which is not material. Other receivables represent unbilled receivables related to subscription and professional services contracts, net of an allowance for credit losses, which is not material. On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 (as amended through March 2020), Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. See Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements below.

Deferred Costs

Deferred Costs

Sales commissions earned by the Company’s sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Subscription-related commissions costs are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of benefit that the Company has determined to be four years. Sales commissions attributable to professional services are expensed within twelve months of selling the service to the customer. The Company has determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration its customer contracts, its technology and other factors. Sales commissions attributed to renewals are not material and are not commensurate with initial and growth sales. Amortization of deferred commissions is included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of amounts that have been invoiced and for which the Company has the right to bill, but that have not been recognized as revenue because the related goods or services have not been transferred. Deferred revenue that will be realized during the succeeding 12-month period is recorded as current, and the remaining deferred revenue is recorded as non-current.

In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company has determined its contracts generally do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of the Company’s invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing the Company’s products and services, not to receive financing from its customers or to provide customers with financing. Examples include invoicing at the beginning of a subscription term with revenue recognized ratably over the contract period.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

ASU 2016-13

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-13 (as amended through March 2020), Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 introduced a new forward-looking approach, based on expected losses, to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, contract assets and held-to-maturity debt securities, which requires the Company to incorporate considerations of historical information, current information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. ASU 2016-13 also expands disclosure requirements.

The Company adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective approach. Adoption of ASU 2016-13 resulted in changes to the Company’s accounting policies for trade and other receivables and contract assets. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-13 the Company evaluates trade receivables and contract assets on a collective (i.e., pool) basis if they share similar risk characteristics.

Based on the results of the Company’s evaluation, the adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on the reserve for credit losses as of January 1, 2020. Adoption of the standard had no impact on total cash provided from or used in operating, financing, or investing activities in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

Accounts receivable includes trade accounts receivables from the Company’s customers, net of an allowance for credit risk. Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company’s contract assets relate to services performed which were not billed, net of an allowance for credit risk. Allowance for credit risk for accounts receivables and contract assets is established based on various factors including credit profiles of the Company’s customers, historical payments and current economic trends. The Company reviews its allowance for accounts receivables and contract assets by assessing individual accounts receivable or unbilled contract assets over a specific aging and amount. All other balances are pooled based on historical collection experience. The estimate of expected credit losses is based on information about past events, current economic conditions, and forecasts of future economic conditions that affect the collectability. Accounts receivable and contract assets are written-off on a case by case basis, net of any amounts that may be collected. See Note 3.

ASU 2018-13

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurements, which eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements as part of the FASB’s disclosure framework project. The guidance includes retrospective and prospective basis application dependent on the requirements of specific amendments. The Company adopted ASU 2018-13 on January 1, 2020 on a prospective basis. The adoption of this standard did not have an impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2018-15

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, related to a customer's accounting for implementation, set-up, and other upfront costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement (“CCA”). Under the new guidance, implementation costs associated with a CCA for a hosting arrangement that is a service contract are accounted for consistent with existing internal-use software implementation guidance. ASU 2018-15 also provides classification guidance on these implementation costs as well as additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures. The Company adopted ASU 2018-15 on January 1, 2020 on a prospective basis. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted

ASU 2020-01

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, Clarifying the Interactions Between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815. ASU 2020-01 addresses the accounting for the transition into and out of the equity method and measuring certain purchased options and forward contracts to acquire investments. Observable transactions that require a company to either apply or discontinue the equity method of accounting for the purposes of applying the measurement alternative in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 321, Investments – Equity Securities, should be considered immediately before applying or upon discontinuing the equity method. Certain non-derivative forward contracts or purchased call options to acquire equity securities generally will be measured using the fair value principles of ASC 321 before settlement or exercise and consideration shall not be given to how entities will account for the resulting investments on eventual settlement or exercise. ASU 2020-01 is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2021 and early adoption is permitted. ASU 2020-01 should be applied prospectively. The Company is currently assessing the impact this standard will have on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Other accounting standard updates effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 31, 2019 are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.