10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 001-34099

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

PENNSYLVANIA	26-2753540
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1305 Cherrington Parkway, Building 210, Suite 400 Moon Township, Pennsylvania	15108
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (412) 787-2100

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share	MHH	NYSE American

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding as of April 30, 2024 was 11,634,303.

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2024

TABLE OF CONTENTS

			Page
PART 1	FINANCIAL INFORMATION			3
Item 1.	Financial Statements:			3
	(a)	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023		3
	(b)	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023		4
	(c)	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023		5
	(d)	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited) as of March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023		6
	(e)	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023		7
	(f)	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)		8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			18
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			24
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures			24
PART II	OTHER INFORMATION			25
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings			25
Item 1A.	Risk Factors			25
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			25
Item 5.	Other Information			26
Item 6.	Exhibits			27
	SIGNATURES			28

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
Revenues	$	46,823		$	55,063
Cost of revenues		34,692			41,581
Gross profit		12,131			13,482
Selling, general and administrative expenses		12,537			12,950
Income (loss) from operations		(406	)		532
Interest income (expense), net		154			4
Other income (expense), net		(30	)		(57	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		(282	)		479
Income tax expense (benefit)		(121	)		218
Net income (loss)	$	(161	)	$	261
Earnings (loss) per share:
Basic	$	(.01	)	$	.02
Diluted	$	(.01	)	$	.02
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic		11,615			11,638
Diluted		11,615			12,054

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

3

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
Net income (loss)	$	(161	)	$	261
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(28	)		5
Total other comprehensive gain (loss), net of taxes		(28	)		5
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$	(189	)	$	266

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	19,424		$	21,147
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $436 in 2024 and $528 in 2023		24,400			22,556
Unbilled receivables		7,615			7,259
Prepaid and other current assets		6,887			5,501
Total current assets		58,326			56,463
Equipment, enterprise software, and leasehold improvements, at cost:
Equipment		3,223			3,012
Enterprise software		4,185			4,185
Leasehold improvements		751			753
		8,159			7,950
Less – accumulated depreciation and amortization		(6,176	)		(6,037	)
Net equipment, enterprise software, and leasehold improvements		1,983			1,913
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		4,790			5,106
Deferred income taxes		738			793
Deferred financing costs, net		260			284
Non-current deposits		455			457
Goodwill, net of impairment		27,210			27,210
Intangible assets, net of amortization		12,308			13,001
Total assets	$	106,070		$	105,227
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable		5,473			4,659
Accrued payroll and related costs		11,978			12,354
Current portion of operating lease liability		1,242			1,236
Other accrued liabilities		1,344			938
Deferred revenue		722			684
Total current liabilities		20,759			19,871
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term operating lease liability, less current portion		3,517			3,843
Long-term accrued income taxes		69			69
Total liabilities		24,345			23,783
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 5)
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred Stock, no par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; none outstanding		—			—
Common Stock, par value $.01; 100,000,000 shares authorized and 13,345,012 shares issued as of March 31, 2024 and 13,312,568 shares issued as of December 31, 2023		133			133
Additional paid-in-capital		35,895			35,345
Retained earnings		52,254			52,415
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(1,672	)		(1,644	)
Treasury stock, at cost; 1,723,341 shares as of March 31, 2024 and 1,714,119 shares as of December 31, 2023		(4,885	)		(4,805	)
Total shareholders’ equity		81,725			81,444
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	106,070		$	105,227

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

5

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Retained Earnings			Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total Shareholders’ Equity
Balances, December 31, 2023	$	133	$	35,345	$	52,415		$	(4,805	)	$	(1,644	)	$	81,444
Net (loss)		—		—		(161	)		—			—			(161	)
Other comprehensive (loss), net of taxes		—		—		—			—			(28	)		(28	)
Stock-based compensation expense		—		550		—			—			—			550
Shares repurchased		—		—		—			(80	)		—			(80	)
Balances, March 31, 2024	$	133	$	35,895	$	52,254		$	(4,885	)	$	(1,672	)	$	81,725

	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total Shareholders’ Equity
Balances, December 31, 2022	$	133	$	32,059	$	59,553	$	(4,187	)	$	(1,555	)	$	86,003
Net income		—		—		261		—			—			261
Other comprehensive gain, net of taxes		—		—		—		—			5			5
Stock-based compensation expense		—		835		—		—			—			835
Balances, March 31, 2023	$	133	$	32,894	$	59,814	$	(4,187	)	$	(1,550	)	$	87,104

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

6

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)	$	(161	)	$	261
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		898			1,014
Bad debt expense		(92	)		—
Interest amortization of deferred financing costs		24			18
Stock-based compensation expense		550			835
Deferred income taxes, net		55			(245	)
Operating lease assets and liabilities, net		14			12
Loss on disposition of fixed assets		—			1
Working capital items:
Accounts receivable and unbilled receivables		(2,108	)		245
Prepaid and other current assets		(1,396	)		452
Accounts payable		816			210
Accrued payroll and related costs		(371	)		385
Other accrued liabilities		407			(262	)
Deferred revenue		38			205
Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities		(1,326	)		3,131
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Recovery of (payment for) non-current deposits		—			90
Capital expenditures		(278	)		(97	)
Net cash flows (used in) investing activities		(278	)		(7	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
(Repayments) on term loan facility		—			(1,100	)
Purchase of treasury stock		(80	)		—
Net cash flows (used in) financing activities		(80	)		(1,100	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		(39	)		16
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(1,723	)		2,040
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		21,147			7,057
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	19,424		$	9,097

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

7

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023

(Unaudited)

1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation:

Basis of Presentation

References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “we”, “our”, “Mastech Digital”, “Mastech” or “the Company” refer collectively to Mastech Digital, Inc. and its wholly owned operating subsidiaries, which are included in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (the “Financial Statements”).

Description of Business

We are a provider of Digital Transformation IT Services to mostly large and medium-sized organizations.

Our portfolio of offerings includes data management and analytics services, digital learning services and IT staffing services.

With our 2017 acquisition of the services division of Canada-based InfoTrellis, Inc. (“InfoTrellis”), we added specialized capabilities in delivering data and analytics services to our customers, which became our Data and Analytics Services segment. This segment offers project-based consulting services in the areas of data management, data engineering and data science, with such services delivered using on-site and offshore resources. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf Partners, Inc. (“AmberLeaf”), a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition expanded our Data and Analytics Services segment’s capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offering for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise applications across sales, marketing and customer services organizations.

Our IT staffing services segment combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies. Our digital technologies include data management, analytics, cloud, mobility, social and artificial intelligence. We work with businesses and institutions with significant IT spending and recurring staffing service needs. We also support smaller organizations with their “project focused” temporary IT staffing requirements.

The COVID-19 pandemic had a material impact on activity levels in both of our business segments in 2020. This impact was reduced in 2021 because of the global roll-out of vaccination programs and signs of improving economic conditions. COVID-19 related concerns were less impactful on our business in 2022. Still, the proliferation of COVID-19 variants has caused some uncertainty and could continue to disrupt global markets in 2024 and beyond.

Accounting Principles

The accompanying Financial Statements have been prepared by management in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting principally of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Financial Statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates. These Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 15, 2024. Additionally, our operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2024, are not necessarily indicative of the results that can be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024 or for any other period.

Principles of Consolidation

The Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Critical Accounting Policies

Please refer to Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations–Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, for a more detailed discussion of our significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates. There were no material changes to these critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

8

Segment Reporting

The Company has two reportable segments, in accordance with Accounting Standards Committee (“ASC”) Topic 280 “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information”: Data and Analytics Services and IT Staffing Services. 

2. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company recognizes revenue on time-and-material contracts over time as services are performed and expenses are incurred. Time-and-material contracts typically bill at an agreed-upon hourly rate, plus out-of-pocket expense reimbursement. Out-of-pocket expense reimbursement amounts vary by assignment, but on average represent less than 2% of the total contract revenues. Revenue is earned on a per transaction or labor hour basis, as that amount directly corresponds to the value of the Company’s performance. Revenue recognition is negatively impacted by holidays and consultant vacation and sick days.

The Company recognizes revenue on fixed price contracts over time as services are rendered and uses a cost-based input method to measure progress. Determining a measure of progress requires management to make judgments that affect the timing of revenue recognized. Under the cost-based input method, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenues, including estimated fees or profits, are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. The Company has determined that the cost-based input method provides a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods or services to the customer. Estimated losses are recognized immediately in the period in which current estimates indicate a loss. We record deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance, including amounts which may be refundable.

The Company’s time-and-material and fixed price revenue streams are recognized over time as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the Company’s performance as the work is performed.

In certain situations related to client direct hire assignments, where the Company’s fee is contingent upon the hired resources continued employment with the client, revenue is not fully recognized until such employment conditions are satisfied.

We do not sell, lease or otherwise market computer software or hardware, and, essentially, 100% of our revenue is derived from the sale of data and analytics, IT staffing and digital transformation services. We expense sales commissions in the same period in which revenues are realized. These costs are recorded within sales, general and administrative expenses.

Each contract the Company enters into is assessed to determine the promised services to be performed and includes identification of the performance obligations required by the contract. In substantially all of our contracts, we have identified a single performance obligation for each contract either because the promised services are distinct or the promised services are highly interrelated and interdependent and therefore represent a combined single performance obligation.

Our Data and Analytics Services segment provides specialized capabilities in delivering data management and analytics services to its customers globally. This business offers project-based consulting services in the areas of Master Data Management, Enterprise Data Integration, Big Data, Analytics and Digital Transformation, which can be delivered using onsite and offshore resources.

Our IT Staffing Services segment combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of services in digital and mainstream technologies. Our digital technology stack includes data management and analytics, cloud, mobility, social and automation. Our mainstream technologies include business intelligence / data warehousing; web services; enterprise resource planning & customer resource management; and e-Business solutions. We work with businesses and institutions with significant IT spend and recurring staffing needs. We also support smaller organizations with their “project focused” temporary IT staffing requirements. In late 2023, we expanded our service offerings to include engineering staffing services. Substantially all of our revenue is recognized over time.

9

The following table depicts the disaggregation of our revenues by contract type and operating segment:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Data and Analytics Services Segment
Time-and-material Contracts	$	6,111	$	6,701
Fixed-price Contracts		1,956		2,694
Subtotal Data and Analytics Services	$	8,067	$	9,395

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
IT Staffing Services Segment
Time-and-material Contracts	$	38,756	$	45,668
Fixed-price Contracts		—		—
Subtotal IT Staffing Services	$	38,756	$	45,668
Total Revenues	$	46,823	$	55,063

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company had one client (CGI =17.4%) that exceeded 10% of total revenues. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company had one client (CGI =25.5%) that exceeded 10% of total revenues.

The Company’s top ten clients represented approximately 51% and 56% of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The following table presents our revenue from external customers disaggregated by geography, based on the work location of our customers:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
United States	$	46,116	$	53,755
Canada		294		831
India and other		413		477
Total Revenues	$	46,823	$	55,063

3. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill of $8.4 million related to our IT Staffing Services segment resulted from the 2015 acquisition of Hudson Global Resources Management’s U.S. IT staffing business. Goodwill related to our Data and Analytics Services segment includes our 2017 acquisition of the services division of InfoTrellis, which totaled $27.4 million, and our 2020 acquisition of AmberLeaf, which totaled $6.4 million. The Company recorded a $5.3 million goodwill impairment related to the Data and Analytics Services segment in 2023 and a $9.7 million goodwill impairment in 2018. The impairments were primarily attributable to declines in revenue levels and lower future revenue projections.

10

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of goodwill by operating segment for the periods ended March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended		Twelve Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(in thousands)
IT Staffing Services:
Beginning balance	$	8,427	$	8,427
Goodwill recorded		—		—
Impairment		—		—
Ending Balance	$	8,427	$	8,427

	Three Months Ended		Twelve Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(in thousands)
Data and Analytics Services:
Beginning balance	$	18,783	$	24,083
Goodwill recorded		—		—
Impairment		—		(5,300	)
Ending Balance	$	18,783	$	18,783

The Company is amortizing the identifiable intangible assets on a straight-line basis over estimated average lives ranging from 3 to 12 years. Identifiable intangible assets were comprised of the following as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	As of March 31, 2024
(Amounts in thousands)	Amortization Period (In Years)		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulative Amortization		Net Carrying Value
IT Staffing Services:
Client relationships		12	$	7,999	$	5,861	$	2,138
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		319		319		—
Trade name		3		249		249		—
Data and Analytics Services:
Client relationships		12		19,641		10,184		9,457
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		1,201		1,069		132
Trade name		5		1,711		1,564		147
Technology		7		1,979		1,545		434
Total Intangible Assets			$	33,099	$	20,791	$	12,308

	As of December 31, 2023
(Amounts in thousands)	Amortization Period (In Years)		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulative Amortization		Net Carrying Value
IT Staffing Services:
Client relationships		12	$	7,999	$	5,694	$	2,305
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		319		319		—
Trade name		3		249		249		—
Data and Analytics Services:
Client relationships		12		19,641		9,776		9,865
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		1,201		1,047		154
Trade name		5		1,711		1,539		172
Technology		7		1,979		1,474		505
Total Intangible Assets			$	33,099	$	20,098	$	13,001

11

Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $693,000 and $693,000, respectively and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The estimated aggregate amortization expense for intangible assets for the years ending December 31, 2024 through 2028 is as follows:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2024		2025		2026		2027		2028
	(Amounts in thousands)
Amortization expense	$	2,693	$	2,553	$	2,413	$	2,025	$	1,637

4. Leases

The Company rents certain office facilities and equipment under noncancelable operating leases. As of March 31, 2024, approximately 96,000 square feet of office space is utilized for our sales and recruiting offices, delivery centers, and corporate headquarters. All of our leases are classified as operating leases. The average initial lease term is 4.5 years. Several leases have an option to renew, at our sole discretion, for an additional term. Our present lease terms range from less than one year to 5.5 years with a weighted average of 3.8 years. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet.

The following table summarizes the balance sheet classification of the lease assets and related lease liabilities:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Long-term operating lease right-of-use assets	$	4,790	$	5,106
Liabilities:
Short-term operating lease liability	$	1,242	$	1,236
Long-term operating lease liability		3,517		3,843
Total Liabilities	$	4,759	$	5,079

Future minimum rental payments for office facilities and equipment under the Company’s noncancelable operating leases are as follows:

	Amount as of March 31, 2024
	(in thousands)
2024 (for remainder of year)	$	1,111
2025		1,471
2026		1,470
2027		789
2028		259
Thereafter		196
Total	$	5,296
Less: Imputed interest		(537	)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	4,759

The weighted average discount rate used to calculate the present value of future lease payments was 5.4%.

We recognize rent expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Rental expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

Total cash paid for lease liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

There were no new leases entered into during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. New leases are considered non-cash transactions.

12

5. Commitments and Contingencies

In December 2022, the Company received a demand letter from the attorney of a former employee who resigned from his employment with the Company in November 2022. Among other allegations in the letter, this former employee asserted various employment-related claims against the Company, including a claim of wrongful termination. The Company settled this claim in the third quarter of 2023 and paid a $3.1 million settlement, net of recoveries. There were no professional service fees related to this matter incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2024. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company incurred $0.4 million of professional service fees related to this matter which was included in Selling, General and Administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

In the ordinary course of our business, the Company is involved in a number of lawsuits and administrative proceedings. While uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these matters, the Company’s management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the disposition of these proceedings should not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

6. Employee Benefit Plan

The Company provides an Employee Retirement Savings Plan (the “Retirement Plan”) under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), that covers substantially all U.S. based salaried and W-2 hourly employees. Employees may contribute a percentage of eligible compensation to the Retirement Plan, subject to certain limits under the Code. The Company did not provide for any matching contributions for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

7. Stock-Based Compensation

In 2008, the Company adopted a Stock Incentive Plan (as amended from time to time, the “Plan”) which provides that up to 5,400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock shall be allocated for issuance to directors, officers and key personnel, including certain non-employee consultants. Grants under the Plan may be made in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance shares or stock awards. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company granted 29,612 restricted share units and 385,000 stock options at a strike price of $8.34 under the Plan. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company granted restricted share units of 19,924 and 100,000 stock options at a strike price of $11.53. As of March 31, 2024 there were 468,000 shares available for grants under the Plan.

Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $550,000 and $835,000, respectively, and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company issued 19,924 and 17,804 shares, respectively, related to the grant of restricted share units and the exercise of stock options.

In October 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the Mastech Digital, Inc. 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Employee Stock Purchase Plan”). The Employee Stock Purchase Plan is intended to meet the requirements of Section 423 of the Code and was approved by the Company’s shareholders to be qualified. On May 15, 2019, the Company’s shareholders approved the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 600,000 shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment upon certain changes in the Company’s capitalization) are available for purchase by eligible employees who become participants in the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The purchase price per share is 85% of the lesser of (i) the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the first day of the offering period, or (ii) the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the last day of the offering period.

The Company’s eligible full-time employees are able to contribute up to 15% of their base compensation into the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, subject to an annual limit of $25,000 per person. Employees are able to purchase Company Common Stock at a 15% discount to the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock on the initial or final trading dates of each six-month offering period. Offering periods begin on January 1 and July 1 of each year. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of Employee Stock Purchase Plan share-based payments. The fair value of the six-month “look-back” option in the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan is estimated by adding the fair value of 15% of one share of stock to 85% of the fair value of an option on one share of stock. The Company utilized U.S. Treasury yields as of the grant date for its risk-free interest rate assumption, matching the Treasury yield terms to the six-month offering period. The Company utilized historical company data to develop its dividend yield and expected volatility assumptions.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no shares issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. As of March 31, 2024, there were 466,919 shares available for purchases under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

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8. Credit Facility

On July 13, 2017, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, as administrative agent, swing loan lender and issuing lender, PNC Capital Markets LLC, as sole lead arranger and sole book-runner, and certain financial institution parties thereto as lenders (the “Lenders”). The Credit Agreement, as amended, provides for a total aggregate commitment of $53.1 million, consisting of (i) a revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”) in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $40 million and (ii) a $13.1 million term loan facility (the “Term Loan), as more fully described in Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-Ks filed with the SEC on July 19, 2017, April 25, 2018, October 7, 2020, Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K/A filed with the SEC on January 4, 2022 and Exhibits 10.11 and 10.12 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 15, 2024. Additionally, the facility includes an accordion feature for additional borrowing of up to $20 million upon satisfaction of certain conditions.

The Revolver expires in December 2026 and includes swing loan and letter of credit sub-limits in the aggregate amount not to exceed $6.0 million for swing loans and $5.0 million for letters of credit. Borrowings under the Revolver may be denominated in U.S. dollars or Canadian dollars. The maximum borrowings in U.S. dollars may not exceed the sum of 85% of eligible U.S. accounts receivable and 60% of eligible U.S. unbilled receivables, less a reserve amount established by the administrative agent. The maximum borrowings in Canadian dollars may not exceed the lesser of (i) $10.0 million; and (ii) the sum of 85% of eligible Canadian receivables, plus 60% of eligible Canadian unbilled receivables, less a reserve amount established by the administrative agent.

Amounts borrowed under the Term Loan were required to be repaid in consecutive quarterly installments of $1.1 million through and including the maturity date of October 1, 2024. In August 2022, the Company prepaid $7.6 million of the outstanding term loan with excess cash balances. The final term loan payment of $1.1 million was made on January 3, 2023, taking the outstanding balance to zero.

Borrowings under the Revolver and the Term Loan, which may be made at the Company’s election, bear interest at either (a) the higher of PNC’s prime rate or the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, plus an applicable margin determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio or (b) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), plus an applicable margin determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio. The applicable margin on the base rate is between 0.50% and 1.25% on Revolver borrowings and between 1.75% and 2.50% on Term Loan borrowings. The applicable margin on the SOFR is between 1.50% and 2.25% on Revolver borrowings and between 2.75% and 3.50% on Term Loan borrowings. A 20 to 30-basis point per annum commitment fee on the unused portion of the Revolver is charged and due monthly in arrears. The applicable commitment fee is determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio.

The Company pledged substantially all of its assets in support of the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement contains standard financial covenants, including, but not limited to, covenants related to the Company’s senior leverage ratio and fixed charge ratio (as defined under the Credit Agreement) and limitations on liens, indebtedness, guarantees, contingent liabilities, loans and investments, distributions, leases, asset sales, stock repurchases and mergers and acquisitions. As of March 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all applicable provisions of the Credit Agreement.

In connection with securing the commitments under the Credit Agreement and the November 2017, April 20, 2018, October 1, 2020, December 29, 2021 and December 29, 2023 amendments to the Credit Agreement, the Company paid a commitment fee and incurred deferred financing costs totaling $1,039,000, which were capitalized and are being amortized as interest expense over the life of the Credit Facility. Deferred financing costs of $260,000 and $284,000 (net of amortization) as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively, are presented as long-term assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company’s outstanding borrowings under the Revolver totaled zero dollars; and unused borrowing capacity available was approximately $24.2 million and $22.5 million, respectively. There were no outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan at March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023.

9. Income Taxes

The components of income (loss) before income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Financial Statements, consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Domestic	$	(316	)	$	2,080
Foreign		34			(1,601	)
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	(282	)	$	479

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The Company has foreign subsidiaries which generate revenues from non-U.S.-based clients. Additionally, these subsidiaries provide services to the Company’s U.S. operations. Accordingly, the Company allocates a portion of its income (loss) to these subsidiaries based on a “transfer pricing” model and reports such income (loss) as foreign in the above table.

The provision (benefit) for income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Financial Statements, consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Current provision (benefit):
Federal	$	(224	)	$	711
State		(39	)		170
Foreign		104			(446	)
Total current provision (benefit)		(159	)		435
Deferred provision (benefit):
Federal		23			(248	)
State		5			(60	)
Foreign		(83	)		62
Total deferred provision (benefit)		(55	)		(246	)
Change in valuation allowance		93			29
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	(121	)	$	218

The reconciliation of income taxes computed using the statutory U.S. income tax rate and the provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024					Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate	$	(59	)	(21.0	%)	$	100		21.0	%
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit		(10	)	(3.5	)		110		23.0
Excess tax expense (benefits) from stock options/restricted shares		85		30.1			23		4.8
Worthless stock deduction		(248	)	(87.9	)		—		—
Difference in tax rate on foreign earnings/other		18		6.4			(44	)	(9.2	)
Change in valuation allowance		93		33.0			29		6.0
	$	(121	)	(42.9	%)	$	218		45.6	%

We evaluate deferred income taxes quarterly to determine if valuation allowances are required or should be adjusted. GAAP accounting guidance requires us to assess whether valuation allowances should be established against deferred tax assets based on all available evidence, both positive and negative using a “more likely than not” standard. Our assessment considers, among other things, the nature of cumulative losses; forecast of future profitability; the duration of statutory carry-forward periods and tax planning alternatives. At March 31, 2024, our valuation allowance was comprised of balances within locations of Canada, Ireland and the United Kingdom and totaled $559,000. During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, we secured a worthless stock deduction for our discontinued Singapore entity, which allowed us to recognize a current tax deduction during the 2024 period and accordingly reverse $162,000 of our valuation allowance balance. As of December 31, 2023, our valuation allowance balance totaled $628,000.

The Company’s Canadian subsidiary, which was under audit by Revenue Canada for the years 2018 and 2019 was completed in first quarter of 2024 with no adjustments to these tax filings.

10. Shareholders’ Equity

On February 8, 2023, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock over a two-year period. Repurchases under the program may occur from time to time in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions, through block purchases or other purchase techniques, or by any combination of such methods, and the program may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at the discretion of the Board of Directors. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company repurchased 9,222 shares of common stock at an average price of $8.70 per share under this program.

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Additionally, the Company makes stock purchases from time to time to satisfy employee tax obligations related to its Stock Incentive Plan. The Company did not purchase any shares to satisfy employee tax obligations during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

11. Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The computation of basic earnings (loss) per share is based on the Company’s net income (loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if outstanding stock options were exercised. The dilutive effect of stock options was calculated using the treasury stock method.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, all stock options and restricted shares were anti-dilutive and excluded from the computation of diluted (loss) per share. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were 1,390,000 anti-dilutive stock options excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share.

12. Business Segments and Geographic Information

Our reporting segments are: 1) Data and Analytics Services; and 2) IT Staffing Services.

The Data and Analytics Services segment was acquired through the July 13, 2017, acquisition of the services division of Canada-based InfoTrellis, Inc. This segment is a project-based consulting services business with specialized capabilities in data management and analytics. The business is marketed as “Mastech InfoTrellis” and utilizes a dedicated sales team with deep subject matter expertise. Mastech InfoTrellis has offices in Atlanta, Toronto and London, and a global delivery center in Chennai, India. Project-based delivery reflects a combination of on-site resources and offshore resources. Assignments are secured on both a time and material and fixed price basis. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf, a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition expanded our capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offering for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise application across sales, marketing and customer service organizations.

The IT Staffing Services segment offers staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies, engineering services and uses digital methods to enhance organizational learning. These services are marketed using a common sales force and delivered via our domestic and global recruitment centers. While the vast majority of our assignments are based on time and materials, we do have the capabilities to deliver our digital transformation services on a fixed price basis.

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Revenues:
Data and Analytics Services	$	8,067		$	9,395
IT Staffing Services		38,756			45,668
Total revenues	$	46,823		$	55,063
Gross Margin %:
Data and Analytics Services		46.4	%		38.5	%
IT Staffing Services		21.6	%		21.6	%
Total gross margin %		25.9	%		24.5	%
Segment operating income (loss):
Data and Analytics Services	$	(454	)	$	(680	)
IT Staffing Services		741			1,905
Subtotal		287			1,225
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		(693	)		(693	)
Interest expense, FX gains/losses and other, net		124			(53	)
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	(282	)	$	479

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Below is a reconciliation of segment total assets to consolidated total assets:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Total assets:
Data and Analytics Services	$	44,892	$	45,681
IT Staffing Services		61,178		59,546
Total assets	$	106,070	$	105,227

Below is geographic information related to our revenues from external customers:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
United States	$	46,116	$	53,755
Canada		294		831
India and Other		413		477
Total revenues	$	46,823	$	55,063

13. Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures”. The amendments in this ASU require disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis. Additional disclosures include significant segment expenses that are part of segment profit or loss; the title and position of the chief operating decision maker; and how the chief operating decision maker uses segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on its financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures”. The amendments in this ASU enhance the transparency and usefulness of income tax disclosures. Additional disclosures include specific rate reconciliation categories; additional disclosure for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold; and federal, state and foreign income taxes paid by individual jurisdiction. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on its financial statements.

A variety of proposed or otherwise potential accounting standards are currently under consideration by standard-setting organizations and certain regulatory agencies. Because of the tentative and preliminary nature of such proposed standards, management has not yet determined the effect, if any that the implementation of such proposed standards would have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 15, 2024.

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements about future events, future performance, plans, strategies, expectations, prospects, competitive environment and regulations. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as the words, “may”, “will”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “plan”, “intend” or the negative of these terms or similar expressions in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. Our actual financial performance could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements due to the inherent uncertainty of estimates, forecasts and projections and our financial performance may be better or worse than anticipated. Given these uncertainties, you should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. All of the forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors discussed under “Risk Factors”, “Forward-Looking Statements” and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date that they were made. We do not undertake any duty to update forward-looking statements and the estimates and assumptions associated with them, after the date of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws.

Website Access to SEC Reports:

The Company’s website is www.mastechdigital.com. The Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, current reports on Form 8-K and all other reports filed with the SEC, are available free of charge on the Investors page. The website is updated as soon as reasonably practical after such reports are filed electronically with the SEC.

Critical Accounting Policies

Please refer to Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations–Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for a more detailed discussion of our significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates. There were no material changes to these critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

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2024 Primentor, Inc. Consulting Agreement

On January 12, 2024, we entered into a consulting services agreement with Primentor, Inc., a California corporation; Phaneesh Murthy (“Murthy”), the owner of Primentor; Srinjay Sengupta (“Sengupta”), a consultant of Primentor; and Sunil Wadhwani and Ashok Trivedi (together the “Founders”), each co-founders and directors of the Company. Under the terms of the consulting services agreement, Primentor will provide the Company with strategic advisory and management consulting services, as well as any other business and organizational strategy services as the Board of Directors of Company may reasonably request from time to time.

The initial term of the consulting services agreement is for a three-year period commencing January 12, 2024, and the Company may request to renew the term for additional successive one-year terms, in which case Primentor and the Company will negotiate to agree upon the scope of the additional services and the amount of additional consulting fees.

As compensation to Primentor, Murthy and Sengupta for providing the services requested by the Company, the Company will provide the following compensation:

1) Consulting fees to Primentor of $990,000 in year one; $270,000 in year two; and $120,000 in year three, plus reimbursement for any reasonable and documented out-of-pocket expenses incurred by Primentor’s personnel in rendering the services;

2) Stock options to purchase up to 192,500 shares of the Company’s common stock to each, Murthy and Sangupta, at an exercise price of $8.34 per share, with vesting occurring equally on an annual basis over a three-year period; and

3) Murthy and Sangupta will each receive from the Founders, for no additional consideration, an aggregate number of shares of common stock of the Company held by the Founders that is equal to 1.1% of the total number of shares of common stock of the Company outstanding at the time of a triggering event, as defined in the consulting services agreement.

The foregoing description of the consulting agreement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Consulting Agreement (including the form of stock option agreements attached as exhibits thereto), which was filed by the Company as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 19, 2024.

Employment-Related Claims Against the Company

In December 2022, the Company received a demand letter from the attorney of a former employee who resigned from his employment with the Company in November 2022. Among other allegations in the letter, this former employee has asserted various employment-related claims against the Company, including a claim of wrongful termination. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company settled this claim for $3.1 million, net of recoveries, under the terms of a confidential settlement agreement. In addition to the settlement amount, we incurred approximately $0.9 million in professional services fees related to this matter during 2023.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company incurred approximately $400,000 of professional services fees related to this matter and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the first quarter of 2024, no expenses related to this matter were incurred.

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Overview:

We are a provider of Digital Transformation IT Services to mostly large and medium-sized organizations.

Our portfolio of offerings includes data management and analytics services, other digital transformation services, such as digital learning services, and IT Staffing Services.

We operate in two reporting segments – Data and Analytics Services and IT Staffing Services. Our data and analytics services are marketed on a global basis under the brand “Mastech InfoTrellis” and are delivered largely on a project basis with on-site and off-shore resources. These data and analytics capabilities and expertise were acquired through our acquisition of InfoTrellis and enhanced and expanded subsequent to the acquisition. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf Partners, Inc. (“AmberLeaf”), a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition enhanced our capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offerings for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise applications across sales, marketing and customer services organizations. Our IT staffing business combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies, as well as other digital transformation services.

Both business segments provide their services across various industry verticals, including financial services, government, healthcare, manufacturing, retail, technology telecommunications and transportation. In our Data and Analytics Services segment, we evaluate our revenues and gross profits largely by service line. In our IT Staffing Services segment, we evaluate our revenues and gross profits largely by sales channel responsibility. This analysis within both our reporting segments is multi-purposed and includes technologies employed, client relationships, and geographic locations.

Data and Analytics:

We provide information regarding our new bookings in our Data and Analytics Services segment, which represents the estimated value of client engagements, including those acquired through acquisitions, as well as renewals and extensions to existing contracts, because we believe doing so provides useful trend information regarding changes in the volume of our new business over time. New bookings can vary significantly quarter to quarter, depending, in part, on the timing of the signing of a small number of large engagements. Among other factors, the types of services and solutions to be delivered, the duration of the engagement and the pace and level of client spending impact the timing of the conversion of new bookings to revenues. In addition, substantially all of our contracts are terminable by the client on short notice, with little or no termination penalties. Information regarding our new bookings is not comparable to, nor should it be substituted for, an analysis of our revenues over time. New bookings involve estimates and judgments. There are no third-party standards or requirements governing the calculation of bookings. We do not update our new bookings for material subsequent terminations or reductions related to bookings originally provided in prior periods.

Economic Trends and Outlook:

Generally, our business outlook is highly correlated to general North American economic conditions, particularly with respect to our IT Staffing Services segment. During periods of increasing employment and economic expansion, demand for our services tends to increase. Conversely, during periods of contracting employment and / or a slowing global economy, demand for our services tends to decline. With economic expansion in 2010 through 2019 activity levels improved. However, as economic conditions strengthened, we experienced increased tightness in the supply side (skilled IT professionals) of our businesses. These supply-side challenges pressured resource costs and, to some extent, gross margins. As we entered 2020, we were encouraged by continued growth in the domestic job markets and expanding U.S. and global economies. However, with the COVID-19 pandemic surfacing in the first quarter of 2020, we realized that economic growth would quickly turn into recessionary conditions, which had a material impact on activity levels in both of our business segments. In 2021, we were encouraged by the global rollout of vaccination programs and signs of economic improvement, however, the proliferation of COVID-19 variants have caused some uncertainty and disruption in the global markets. In 2022 and 2023, COVID-19-related concerns seemed to subside; however, increased inflation, challenges in the financial sector related to increasing interest rates, and concerns about a possible recession created much uncertainty and impacted demand for our services in the second half of 2022 and the entire year of 2023. While economic conditions in North American have shown signs of improvement during the first quarter of 2024, a level of uncertainty remains with respect to inflation and the potential of escalations of existing conflicts in the Middle East and Ukraine. It is difficult to predict the impact or duration that these economic pressures may have on our businesses and results of operations in future quarters or how market conditions are going to unfold over the course of 2024 and beyond.

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In addition to tracking general economic conditions in the markets that we service, a large portion of our revenues is generated from a limited number of clients (see Item 1A, the Risk Factor entitled “Our revenues are highly concentrated, and the loss of a significant client would adversely affect our business and revenues” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023). Accordingly, our trends and outlook are additionally impacted by the prospects and well-being of these specific clients. This “account concentration” factor may result in our results of operations deviating from the prevailing economic trends from time to time.

Within our IT Staffing Services segment, a larger portion of our revenues has come from strategic relationships with systems integrators. Additionally, many large end users of IT staffing services are employing MSP’s to manage their contractor spending. Both of these dynamics may pressure our IT staffing gross margins in the future.

Recent growth in advanced technologies (social, cloud, analytics, mobility, automation) is providing opportunities within our IT Staffing Services segment. However, supply side challenges have proven to be acute with respect to many of these technologies.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 as Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023:

Revenues:

Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 totaled $46.8 million, compared to $55.1 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2023. This 15% year-over-year revenue decrease reflected a 14% decline in our Data and Analytics Services segment and a 15% decline in our IT Staffing Services segment. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company had one client that had revenues in excess of 10% of total revenues (CGI = 17.4%). For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company had one client that had revenues in excess of 10% of total revenues (CGI = 25.5%). The Company’s top ten clients represented approximately 51% and 56% of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Below is a tabular presentation of revenues by reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:

Revenues (Amounts in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024		Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Data and Analytics Services	$	8,067	$	9,395
IT Staffing Services		38,756		45,668
Total revenues	$	46,823	$	55,063

Revenues from our Data and Analytics Services segment totaled $8.1 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2024, compared to $9.4 million in the corresponding quarter last year. This decline largely reflects a soft booking performance during the first nine months 2023. Bookings during the first quarter of 2024 totaled $9.6 million, a 14% improvement compared to $8.4 million in the first quarter of 2023. Additionally, pipeline opportunities and RFP activity remained solid during the quarter.

Revenues from our IT Staffing Services segment totaled $38.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $45.7 million during the corresponding 2023 period. While this revenue performance was down considerably compared to the 2023 period, it was 2% higher sequentially when compared to revenues from our IT Staffing Services segment in the fourth quarter of 2023. Billing consultant headcount increased during the quarter by 58-consultants, which was a 6% improvement over our headcount at December 31, 2023. Billing consultants at March 31, 2024 totaled 1,004-consultants down from 1,124-consultants at March 31, 2023. Our average bill rate in the first quarter of 2024 for this segment was $79.30 per hour compared to $80.55 per hour in the first quarter of 2023. The slight decline in the average bill rate was due to lower rates on new assignments and is reflective of the types of skill sets that we deployed. Permanent placement / fee revenues were approximately $0.2 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2024, which was in-line with our permanent placement performance of a year ago.

Gross Margins:

Gross profits in the first quarter of 2024 totaled $12.1 million, compared to gross profits of $13.5 million in the first quarter of 2023, a 10% year-over-year decrease. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 25.9% for the three-month period ending March 31, 2024, compared to 24.5% during the same period of 2023. This 140-basis point increase reflected strong gains in our Data and Analytics Services segment.

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Below is a tabular presentation of gross margin by reporting segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:

Gross Margin	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024			Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Data and Analytics Services		46.4	%		38.5	%
IT Staffing Services		21.6			21.6
Total gross margin		25.9	%		24.5	%

Gross margins for our Data and Analytics Services segment were 46.4% during the first quarter of 2024, compared to 38.5% in the first quarter of 2023. The margin improvement reflected higher project margins and a significantly higher utilization rate.

Gross margins for our IT Staffing Services segment were 21.6% in the first quarter of 2024, which is flat compared to the corresponding quarter of 2023. Project margins were slightly higher in 2024 and were largely offset by higher benefit costs.

Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses:

Below is a tabular presentation of operating expenses by expense category for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:

SG&A Expenses (Amounts in millions)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024		Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Data and Analytics Services Segment
Sales and Marketing	$	2.4	$	1.4
Operations		0.2		0.5
General & Administrative		1.6		2.4
Subtotal Data and Analytics Services	$	4.2	$	4.3
IT Staffing Services Segment
Sales and Marketing	$	2.2	$	2.2
Operations		1.9		2.5
General & Administrative		3.5		3.2
Subtotal IT Staffing Services	$	7.6		7.9
Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets	$	0.7	$	0.7
Total SG&A Expenses	$	12.5	$	12.9

SG&A expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 totaled $12.5 million or 26.7% of total revenues, compared to $12.9 million or 23.5% of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Excluding amortization of acquired intangible assets in both periods, SG&A expense as a percentage of total revenues would have been 25.2% and 22.1%, respectively.

Fluctuations within SG&A expense components during the first quarter of 2024, compared to the first quarter of 2023, included the following:

• Sales expense increased by $1.0 million in the 2024 period compared to the corresponding 2023 period. This increase reflected a larger sales team and higher marketing and event costs in our Data and Analytics Services segment. Sales expense in our IT Staffing Services segment was flat compared to the previous year.

• Operations expenses decreased by $0.9 million in the 2024 period compared to the corresponding 2023 period. Operations expenses were down $0.3 million in our Data and Analytics Services segment due to staff reductions and lower compensation expenses. In our IT Staffing Services segment, operations expenses decreased by $0.6 million and reflected lower recruitment staff and variable expenses.

• General and administrative expenses declined by $0.5 million in the 2024 period compared to the corresponding 2023 period. General and administrative expense in our Data and Analytics Services segment decreased by $0.8 million due to a lower number of executive staff and lower stock-based compensation expense. In our IT Staffing Services segment, general and administrative expenses increased by $0.3 million due to strategic consulting expenses associated with our consulting agreement with Primentor.

• Amortization of acquired intangible assets was $0.7 million in both 2024 and 2023.

22

Other Income / (Expense) Components:

Other Income / (Expense) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 consisted of net interest income of $154,000 and foreign exchange losses of ($30,000). For the three months ended March 31, 2023, Other Income / (Expense) consisted of net interest income of $4,000 and foreign exchange losses of $(57,000). The higher level of net interest income was reflective of higher cash balances in the 2024 period.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit):

Income tax expense (benefit) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 totaled ($121,000), representing an effective tax rate on our pre-tax loss of (42.9%), compared to $218,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023, which represented a 45.6% effective tax rate on pre-tax income. The favorable effective tax rate in the 2024 period reflected a favorable adjustment to our tax valuation allowance related to the utilization of Singapore tax benefits.

Liquidity and Capital Resources:

Financial Conditions and Liquidity:

As of March 31, 2024, we had no bank debt, cash balances on hand, of $19.4 million and approximately $24.2 million of borrowing capacity under our existing credit facility.

Historically, we have funded our organic business needs with cash generated from operating activities. Controlling our operating working capital levels by closely managing our accounts receivable balance is an important element of cash generation. As of March 31, 2024, our accounts receivable “days sales outstanding” (“DSOs”) measurement was 56-days, which was 5 days lower than at March 31, 2023.

We believe that cash provided by operating activities, cash balances on hand and current availability under our credit facility will be adequate to fund our business needs and support our share repurchase program that we announced in February 2023 over the next twelve months, exclusive of any acquisition activity.

Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:

Cash (used in) operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 totaled ($1.3 million), compared to $3.1 million provided during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Elements of cash flows in 2024 were a net loss of ($0.2 million), non-cash charges of $1.5 million, and an increase in operating working capital levels of ($2.6 million). Elements of cash flows in the 2023 period were net income of $0.3 million, non-cash charges of $1.6 million, and a decrease in operating working capital levels of $1.2 million. In the 2024 quarter, sequential revenue growth impacted operating working capital, particularly in our accounts receivable balances.

Cash flows (used in) investing activities:

Cash (used in) investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was ($278,000), compared to ($7,000) for the three months ended March 31, 2023. In the 2024 period, capital expenditures were responsible for our entire cash usage in investing activities. In the 2023 period, investing activities included $97,000 of capital expenditures, partially offset by $90,000 of deposit recoveries. The increase in capital expenditures in 2024, compared to 2023 reflects expenditures related to laptop purchases and other technology enhancements.

Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities:

Cash (used in) financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 totaled ($80,000) related to the repurchase of common stock under our share repurchase program. Cash (used in) financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 totaled ($1.1 million) and consisted of our final term-loan debt repayment.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

23

Inflation:

We do not believe that inflation had a significant impact on our results of operations for the periods presented, although economic uncertainty, including the concerns of our clients and other companies with respect to inflationary conditions in North America and elsewhere, has had and may continue to have an adverse impact on the demand for our services. On an ongoing basis, we attempt to minimize any effects of inflation on our operating results by controlling operating costs and, whenever possible, seek to ensure that billing rates reflect increases in costs due to inflation. However, high levels of inflation may result in higher interest rates which could increase our borrowing costs in the future.

In addition, refer to “Item 1A. Risk factors” in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion about risks that inflation directly or indirectly may pose to our business.

Seasonality:

Our operations are generally not affected by seasonal fluctuations. However, our consultants’ billable hours are affected by national holidays and vacation policies. Accordingly, we generally have lower utilization rates and higher benefit costs during the fourth quarter. Additionally, assignment completions tend to be higher near the end of the calendar year, which largely impacts our revenue and gross profit performance during the subsequent quarter.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards:

Recent accounting pronouncements are described in Note 13 to the accompanying financial statements.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

In addition to the inherent operational risks, the Company is exposed to certain market risks, primarily related to changes in interest rates and currency fluctuations.

Interest Rates

As of March 31, 2024, we had no outstanding borrowings under our Credit Agreement with PNC Bank — Refer to Note 8 – “Credit Facility” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included herein.

Currency Fluctuations

The reporting currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiary in Canada is the U.S. dollar because the majority of its revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars. The functional currencies of the Company’s Indian and European subsidiaries are the local currency of the location of such subsidiary. The results of operations of the Company’s Indian and European subsidiaries are translated at the monthly average exchange rates prevailing during the period. The financial position of the Company’s Indian and European subsidiaries is translated at the current exchange rates at the end of the period, and the related translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within Shareholders’ Equity. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included as a component of other income (expense), net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, and have not been material for all periods presented. A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in overall foreign currency rates in the first quarter of 2024 would not have had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of Company management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(b). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

24

We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2024 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In the ordinary course of our business, we are involved in a number of lawsuits and administrative proceedings. While uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these matters, management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the disposition of these proceedings should not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes from the risk factors as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2024.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

A summary of our Common Stock repurchased during the quarter ended March 31, 2024 is set forth in the following table:

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)		Average Price per Share (1)		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)		Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under this Plan or Programs (1)
January 1, 2024 — January 31, 2024		—	$	—		—		432,301
February 1, 2024 — February 29, 2024		6,338	$	8.67		6,338		425,963
March 1, 2024 — March 31, 2024		2,884	$	8.76		2,884		423,079
Total		9,222	$	8.70		9,222		423,079

(1) On February 8, 2023, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to 500,000 shares of Common Stock over a two-year period. Repurchases under the program may occur from time to time in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions, through block purchases or other purchase techniques, or by any combination of such methods, and the program may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The Company did not repurchase any shares of its Common Stock during the quarter ended March 31, 2024, other than through this publicly announced share repurchase program.

25

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Disclosure of 10b5-1 plans

During the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2024, none of our directors or officers informed us of the adoption, modification or termination of a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as those terms are defined in Regulation S-K, Item 408.

26

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS -

(a) Exhibits

10.1	Fifth Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of March 8, 2024, between Mastech Digital Technologies, Inc., Mastech Digital, Inc. and Vivek Gupta, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Mastech Digital, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 12, 2024
10.2	Fourth Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of March 8, 2024, between Mastech Digital Technologies, Inc., Mastech Digital, Inc. and John J. Cronin, Jr., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Mastech Digital, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 12, 2024
10.3	Consulting Services Agreement, made and entered into effective as of January 12, 2024, by and among Primentor Inc., Phaneesh Murthy, Srinjay Sengupta, Mastech Digital, Inc., Sunil Wadhwani, and Ashok Trivedi, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Mastech Digital, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 19, 2024
31.1	Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Executive Officer is filed herewith.
31.2	Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Financial Officer is filed herewith.
32.1	Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by the Chief Executive Officer is furnished herewith.
32.2	Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by the Chief Financial Officer is furnished herewith.
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

27

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on this 13th day of May, 2024.

	MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
May 13, 2024	/s/ VIVEK GUPTA
	Vivek Gupta Chief Executive Officer
	/s/ JOHN J. CRONIN, JR.
	John J. Cronin, Jr.
	Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

28

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Executive Officer

I, Vivek Gupta, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-Q of Mastech Digital, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in case of the annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

		MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
Date: May 13, 2024		/S/ VIVEK GUPTA
		Vivek Gupta
		Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Financial Officer

I, John J. Cronin, Jr., certify that:

1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-Q of Mastech Digital, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in case of the annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

		MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
Date: May 13, 2024		/S/ JOHN J. CRONIN, JR.
		John J. Cronin, Jr.
		Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

As Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Mastech Digital, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Vivek Gupta, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/S/ VIVEK GUPTA

Vivek Gupta

Chief Executive Officer

Date: May 13, 2024

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

As Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Mastech Digital, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, John J. Cronin, Jr. Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/S/ JOHN J. CRONIN, JR.

John J. Cronin, Jr.

Chief Financial Officer

Date: May 13, 2024

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Cover Page - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Apr. 30, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Entity Registrant Name	MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001437226
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock
Trading Symbol	MHH
Security Exchange Name	NYSEAMER
Entity Address, State or Province	PA
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		11,634,303
Entity File Number	001-34099
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	PA
Entity Address, Address Line One	1305 Cherrington Parkway
Entity Address, City or Town	Moon Township
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	15108
Entity Tax Identification Number	26-2753540
City Area Code	412
Local Phone Number	787-2100
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Building 210
Entity Address, Address Line Three	Suite 400

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 46,823	$ 55,063
Cost of revenues	34,692	41,581
Gross profit	12,131	13,482
Selling, general and administrative expenses	12,537	12,950
Income (loss) from operations	(406)	532
Interest income (expense), net	154	4
Other income (expense), net	(30)	(57)
Income (loss) before income taxes	(282)	479
Income tax expense (benefit)	(121)	218
Net income (loss)	$ (161)	$ 261
Earnings (loss) per share:
Basic	$ (0.01)	$ 0.02
Diluted	$ (0.01)	$ 0.02
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	11,615	11,638
Diluted	11,615	12,054

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ (161)	$ 261
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(28)	5
Total other comprehensive gain (loss), net of taxes	(28)	5
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$ (189)	$ 266

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 19,424	$ 21,147
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $436 in 2024 and $528 in 2023	24,400	22,556
Unbilled receivables	7,615	7,259
Prepaid and other current assets	6,887	5,501
Total current assets	58,326	56,463
Equipment, enterprise software, and leasehold improvements, at cost:
Equipment	3,223	3,012
Enterprise software	4,185	4,185
Leasehold improvements	751	753
Total equipment, enterprise software, and leasehold improvements	8,159	7,950
Less – accumulated depreciation and amortization	(6,176)	(6,037)
Net equipment, enterprise software, and leasehold improvements	1,983	1,913
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	4,790	5,106
Deferred income taxes	738	793
Deferred financing costs, net	260	284
Non-current deposits	455	457
Goodwill, net of impairment	27,210	27,210
Intangible assets, net of amortization	12,308	13,001
Total assets	106,070	105,227
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	5,473	4,659
Accrued payroll and related costs	11,978	12,354
Current portion of operating lease liability	1,242	1,236
Other accrued liabilities	1,344	938
Deferred revenue	722	684
Total current liabilities	20,759	19,871
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term operating lease liability, less current portion	3,517	3,843
Long-term accrued income taxes	69	69
Total liabilities	24,345	23,783
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 5)
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred Stock, no par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; none outstanding
Common Stock, par value $.01; 100,000,000 shares authorized and 13,345,012 shares issued as of March 31, 2024 and 13,312,568 shares issued as of December 31, 2023	133	133
Additional paid-in-capital	35,895	35,345
Retained earnings	52,254	52,415
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,672)	(1,644)
Treasury stock, at cost; 1,723,341 shares as of March 31, 2024 and 1,714,119 shares as of December 31, 2023	(4,885)	(4,805)
Total shareholders' equity	81,725	81,444
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ 106,070	$ 105,227

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, allowance for uncollectible accounts	$ 436	$ 528
Preferred Stock, par value	$ 0	$ 0
Preferred Stock, shares authorized	20,000,000	20,000,000
Preferred Stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	13,345,012	13,312,568
Treasury stock, shares	1,723,341	1,714,119

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Accumulated Retained Earnings [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (loss) [Member]
Beginning Balances at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 86,003	$ 133	$ 32,059	$ 59,553	$ (4,187)	$ (1,555)
Net income (loss)	261			261
Other comprehensive gain (loss), net of taxes	5					5
Stock-based compensation expense	835		835
Ending Balances at Mar. 31, 2023	87,104	133	32,894	59,814	(4,187)	(1,550)
Beginning Balances at Dec. 31, 2023	81,444	133	35,345	52,415	(4,805)	(1,644)
Net income (loss)	(161)			(161)
Other comprehensive gain (loss), net of taxes	(28)					(28)
Stock-based compensation expense	550		550
Shares repurchased	(80)				(80)
Ending Balances at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 81,725	$ 133	$ 35,895	$ 52,254	$ (4,885)	$ (1,672)

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)	$ (161)	$ 261
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	898	1,014
Bad debt expense	(92)	0
Interest amortization of deferred financing costs	24	18
Stock-based compensation expense	550	835
Deferred income taxes, net	55	(245)
Operating lease assets and liabilities, net	14	12
Loss on disposition of fixed assets	0	1
Working capital items:
Accounts receivable and unbilled receivables	(2,108)	245
Prepaid and other current assets	(1,396)	452
Accounts payable	816	210
Accrued payroll and related costs	(371)	385
Other accrued liabilities	407	(262)
Deferred revenue	38	205
Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities	(1,326)	3,131
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Recovery of (payment for) non-current deposits	0	90
Capital expenditures	(278)	(97)
Net cash flows (used in) investing activities	(278)	(7)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
(Repayments) on term loan facility	0	(1,100)
Purchase of treasury stock	(80)	0
Net cash flows (used in) financing activities	(80)	(1,100)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(39)	16
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(1,723)	2,040
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	21,147	7,057
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$ 19,424	$ 9,097

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Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ (161)	$ 261

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Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

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Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation:

Basis of Presentation

References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “we”, “our”, “Mastech Digital”, “Mastech” or “the Company” refer collectively to Mastech Digital, Inc. and its wholly owned operating subsidiaries, which are included in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (the “Financial Statements”).

Description of Business

We are a provider of Digital Transformation IT Services to mostly large and medium-sized organizations.

Our portfolio of offerings includes data management and analytics services, digital learning services and IT staffing services.

With our 2017 acquisition of the services division of Canada-based InfoTrellis, Inc. (“InfoTrellis”), we added specialized capabilities in delivering data and analytics services to our customers, which became our Data and Analytics Services segment. This segment offers project-based consulting services in the areas of data management, data engineering and data science, with such services delivered using on-site and offshore resources. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf Partners, Inc. (“AmberLeaf”), a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition expanded our Data and Analytics Services segment’s capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offering for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise applications across sales, marketing and customer services organizations.

Our IT staffing services segment combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies. Our digital technologies include data management, analytics, cloud, mobility, social and artificial intelligence. We work with businesses and institutions with significant IT spending and recurring staffing service needs. We also support smaller organizations with their “project focused” temporary IT staffing requirements.

COVID-19 pandemic had a material impact on activity levels in both of our business segments in 2020. This impact was reduced in 2021 because of the global roll-out of vaccination programs and signs of improving economic conditions. COVI elated concerns were less impactful on our business in 2022. Still, the proliferation of COVID-19

Accounting Principles

The accompanying Financial Statements have been prepared by management in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting principally of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Financial Statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates. These Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 15, 2024. Additionally, our operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2024, are not necessarily indicative of the results that can be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024 or for any other period.

Principles of Consolidation

The Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Critical Accounting Policies

Please refer to Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations–Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, for a more detailed discussion of our significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates. There were no material changes to these critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Segment Reporting

The Company has two reportable segments, in accordance with Accounting Standards Committee (“ASC”) Topic 280 “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information”: Data and Analytics Services and IT Staffing Services. 

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

2. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company recognizes revenue on time-and-material contracts over time as services are performed and expenses are incurred. Time-and-material contracts typically bill at an agreed-upon hourly rate, plus out-of-pocket expense reimbursement. Out-of-pocket expense reimbursement amounts vary by assignment, but on average represent less than 2% of the total contract revenues. Revenue is earned on a per transaction or labor hour basis, as that amount directly corresponds to the value of the Company’s performance. Revenue recognition is negatively impacted by holidays and consultant vacation and sick days.

The Company recognizes revenue on fixed price contracts over time as services are rendered and uses a cost-based input method to measure progress. Determining a measure of progress requires management to make judgments that affect the timing of revenue recognized. Under the cost-based input method, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenues, including estimated fees or profits, are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. The Company has determined that the cost-based input method provides a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods or services to the customer. Estimated losses are recognized immediately in the period in which current estimates indicate a loss. We record deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance, including amounts which may be refundable.

The Company’s time-and-material and fixed price revenue streams are recognized over time as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the Company’s performance as the work is performed.

In certain situations related to client direct hire assignments, where the Company’s fee is contingent upon the hired resources continued employment with the client, revenue is not fully recognized until such employment conditions are satisfied.

We do not sell, lease or otherwise market computer software or hardware, and, essentially, 100% of our revenue is derived from the sale of data and analytics, IT staffing and digital transformation services. We expense sales commissions in the same period in which revenues are realized. These costs are recorded within sales, general and administrative expenses.

Each contract the Company enters into is assessed to determine the promised services to be performed and includes identification of the performance obligations required by the contract. In substantially all of our contracts, we have identified a single performance obligation for each contract either because the promised services are distinct or the promised services are highly interrelated and interdependent and therefore represent a combined single performance obligation.

Our Data and Analytics Services segment provides specialized capabilities in delivering data management and analytics services to its customers globally. This business offers project-based consulting services in the areas of Master Data Management, Enterprise Data Integration, Big Data, Analytics and Digital Transformation, which can be delivered using onsite and offshore resources.

Our IT Staffing Services segment combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of services in digital and mainstream technologies. Our digital technology stack includes data management and analytics, cloud, mobility, social and automation. Our mainstream technologies include business intelligence / data warehousing; web services; enterprise resource planning & customer resource management; and e-Business solutions. We work with businesses and institutions with significant IT spend and recurring staffing needs. We also support smaller organizations with their “project focused” temporary IT staffing requirements. In late 2023, we expanded our service offerings to include engineering staffing services. Substantially all of our revenue is recognized over time.

The following table depicts the disaggregation of our revenues by contract type and operating segment:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Data and Analytics Services Segment
Time-and-material Contracts	$	6,111	$	6,701
Fixed-price Contracts		1,956		2,694
Subtotal Data and Analytics Services	$	8,067	$	9,395

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
IT Staffing Services Segment
Time-and-material Contracts	$	38,756	$	45,668
Fixed-price Contracts		—		—
Subtotal IT Staffing Services	$	38,756	$	45,668
Total Revenues	$	46,823	$	55,063

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company had one client (CGI =17.4%) that exceeded 10% of total revenues. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company had one client (CGI =25.5%) that exceeded 10% of total revenues.

The Company’s top ten clients represented approximately 51% and 56% of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The following table presents our revenue from external customers disaggregated by geography, based on the work location of our customers:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
United States	$	46,116	$	53,755
Canada		294		831
India and other		413		477
Total Revenues	$	46,823	$	55,063

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net

3. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill of $8.4 million related to our IT Staffing Services segment resulted from the 2015 acquisition of Hudson Global Resources Management’s U.S. IT staffing business. Goodwill related to our Data and Analytics Services segment includes our 2017 acquisition of the services division of InfoTrellis, which totaled $27.4 million, and our 2020 acquisition of AmberLeaf, which totaled $6.4 million. The Company recorded a $5.3 million goodwill impairment related to the Data and Analytics Services segment in 2023 and a $9.7 million goodwill impairment in 2018. The impairments were primarily attributable to declines in revenue levels and lower future revenue projections.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of goodwill by operating segment for the periods ended March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended		Twelve Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(in thousands)
IT Staffing Services:
Beginning balance	$	8,427	$	8,427
Goodwill recorded		—		—
Impairment		—		—
Ending Balance	$	8,427	$	8,427

	Three Months Ended		Twelve Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(in thousands)
Data and Analytics Services:
Beginning balance	$	18,783	$	24,083
Goodwill recorded		—		—
Impairment		—		(5,300	)
Ending Balance	$	18,783	$	18,783

The Company is amortizing the identifiable intangible assets on a straight-line basis over estimated average lives ranging from 3 to 12 years. Identifiable intangible assets were comprised of the following as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	As of March 31, 2024
(Amounts in thousands)	Amortization Period (In Years)		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulative Amortization		Net Carrying Value
IT Staffing Services:
Client relationships		12	$	7,999	$	5,861	$	2,138
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		319		319		—
Trade name		3		249		249		—
Data and Analytics Services:
Client relationships		12		19,641		10,184		9,457
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		1,201		1,069		132
Trade name		5		1,711		1,564		147
Technology		7		1,979		1,545		434
Total Intangible Assets			$	33,099	$	20,791	$	12,308

	As of December 31, 2023
(Amounts in thousands)	Amortization Period (In Years)		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulative Amortization		Net Carrying Value
IT Staffing Services:
Client relationships		12	$	7,999	$	5,694	$	2,305
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		319		319		—
Trade name		3		249		249		—
Data and Analytics Services:
Client relationships		12		19,641		9,776		9,865
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		1,201		1,047		154
Trade name		5		1,711		1,539		172
Technology		7		1,979		1,474		505
Total Intangible Assets			$	33,099	$	20,098	$	13,001

Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $693,000 and $693,000, respectively and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The estimated aggregate amortization expense for intangible assets for the years ending December 31, 2024 through 2028 is as follows:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2024		2025		2026		2027		2028
	(Amounts in thousands)
Amortization expense	$	2,693	$	2,553	$	2,413	$	2,025	$	1,637

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Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

4. Leases

The Company rents certain office facilities and equipment under noncancelable operating leases. As of March 31, 2024, approximately 96,000 square feet of office space is utilized for our sales and recruiting offices, delivery centers, and corporate headquarters. All of our leases are classified as operating leases. The average initial lease term is 4.5 years. Several leases have an option to renew, at our sole discretion, for an additional term. Our present lease terms range from less than one year to 5.5 years with a weighted average of 3.8 years. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet.

The following table summarizes the balance sheet classification of the lease assets and related lease liabilities:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Long-term operating lease right-of-use assets	$	4,790	$	5,106
Liabilities:
Short-term operating lease liability	$	1,242	$	1,236
Long-term operating lease liability		3,517		3,843
Total Liabilities	$	4,759	$	5,079

Future minimum rental payments for office facilities and equipment under the Company’s noncancelable operating leases are as follows:

	Amount as of March 31, 2024
	(in thousands)
2024 (for remainder of year)	$	1,111
2025		1,471
2026		1,470
2027		789
2028		259
Thereafter		196
Total	$	5,296
Less: Imputed interest		(537	)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	4,759

The weighted average discount rate used to calculate the present value of future lease payments was 5.4%.

We recognize rent expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Rental expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

Total cash paid for lease liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

There were no new leases entered into during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. New leases are considered non-cash transactions.

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Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

5. Commitments and Contingencies

In December 2022, the Company received a demand letter from the attorney of a former employee who resigned from his employment with the Company in November 2022. Among other allegations in the letter, this former employee asserted various employment-related claims against the Company, including a claim of wrongful termination. The Company settled this claim in the third quarter of 2023 and paid a $3.1 million settlement, net of recoveries. There were no professional service fees related to this matter incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2024. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company incurred $0.4 million of professional service fees related to this matter which was included in Selling, General and Administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

In the ordinary course of our business, the Company is involved in a number of lawsuits and administrative proceedings. While uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these matters, the Company’s management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the disposition of these proceedings should not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

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Employee Benefit Plan

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Employee Benefit Plan

6. Employee Benefit Plan

The Company provides an Employee Retirement Savings Plan (the “Retirement Plan”) under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), that covers substantially all U.S. based salaried and W-2 hourly employees. Employees may contribute a percentage of eligible compensation to the Retirement Plan, subject to certain limits under the Code. The Company did not provide for any matching contributions for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

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Stock-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

7. Stock-Based Compensation

In 2008, the Company adopted a Stock Incentive Plan (as amended from time to time, the “Plan”) which provides that up to 5,400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock shall be allocated for issuance to directors, officers and key personnel, including certain non-employee consultants. Grants under the Plan may be made in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance shares or stock awards. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company granted 29,612 restricted share units and 385,000 stock options at a strike price of $8.34 under the Plan. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company granted restricted share units of 19,924 and 100,000 stock options at a strike price of $11.53. As of March 31, 2024 there were 468,000 shares available for grants under the Plan.

Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $550,000 and $835,000, respectively, and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company issued 19,924 and 17,804 shares, respectively, related to the grant of restricted share units and the exercise of stock options.

In October 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the Mastech Digital, Inc. 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Employee Stock Purchase Plan”). The Employee Stock Purchase Plan is intended to meet the requirements of Section 423 of the Code and was approved by the Company’s shareholders to be qualified. On May 15, 2019, the Company’s shareholders approved the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 600,000 shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment upon certain changes in the Company’s capitalization) are available for purchase by eligible employees who become participants in the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The purchase price per share is 85% of the lesser of (i) the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the first day of the offering period, or (ii) the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the last day of the offering period.

The Company’s eligible full-time employees are able to contribute up to 15% of their base compensation into the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, subject to an annual limit of $25,000 per person. Employees are able to purchase Company Common Stock at a 15% discount to the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock on the initial or final trading dates of each six-month offering period. Offering periods begin on January 1 and July 1 of each year. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of Employee Stock Purchase Plan share-based payments. The fair value of the six-month “look-back” option in the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan is estimated by adding the fair value of 15% of one share of stock to 85% of the fair value of an option on one share of stock. The Company utilized U.S. Treasury yields as of the grant date for its risk-free interest rate assumption, matching the Treasury yield terms to the six-month offering period. The Company utilized historical company data to develop its dividend yield and expected volatility assumptions.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no shares issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. As of March 31, 2024, there were 466,919 shares available for purchases under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

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Credit Facility

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Text Block [Abstract]

Credit Facility

8. Credit Facility

On July 13, 2017, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, as administrative agent, swing loan lender and issuing lender, PNC Capital Markets LLC, as sole lead arranger and sole book-runner, and certain financial institution parties thereto as lenders (the “Lenders”). The Credit Agreement, as amended, provides for a total aggregate commitment of $53.1 million, consisting of (i) a revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”) in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $40 million and (ii) a $13.1 million term loan facility (the “Term Loan), as more fully described in Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-Ks filed with the SEC on July 19, 2017, April 25, 2018, October 7, 2020, Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K/A filed with the SEC on January 4, 2022 and Exhibits 10.11 and 10.12 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 15, 2024. Additionally, the facility includes an accordion feature for additional borrowing of up to $20 million upon satisfaction of certain conditions.

The Revolver expires in December 2026 and includes swing loan and letter of credit sub-limits in the aggregate amount not to exceed $6.0 million for swing loans and $5.0 million for letters of credit. Borrowings under the Revolver may be denominated in U.S. dollars or Canadian dollars. The maximum borrowings in U.S. dollars may not exceed the sum of 85% of eligible U.S. accounts receivable and 60% of eligible U.S. unbilled receivables, less a reserve amount established by the administrative agent. The maximum borrowings in Canadian dollars may not exceed the lesser of (i) $10.0 million; and (ii) the sum of 85% of eligible Canadian receivables, plus 60% of eligible Canadian unbilled receivables, less a reserve amount established by the administrative agent.

Amounts borrowed under the Term Loan were required to be repaid in consecutive quarterly installments of $1.1 million through and including the maturity date of October 1, 2024. In August 2022, the Company prepaid $7.6 million of the outstanding term loan with excess cash balances. The final term loan payment of $1.1 million was made on January 3, 2023, taking the outstanding balance to zero.

Borrowings under the Revolver and the Term Loan, which may be made at the Company’s election, bear interest at either (a) the higher of PNC’s prime rate or the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, plus an applicable margin determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio or (b) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), plus an applicable margin determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio. The applicable margin on the base rate is between 0.50% and 1.25% on Revolver borrowings and between 1.75% and 2.50% on Term Loan borrowings. The applicable margin on the SOFR is between 1.50% and 2.25% on Revolver borrowings and between 2.75% and 3.50% on Term Loan borrowings. A 20 to 30-basis point per annum commitment fee on the unused portion of the Revolver is charged and due monthly in arrears. The applicable commitment fee is determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio.

The Company pledged substantially all of its assets in support of the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement contains standard financial covenants, including, but not limited to, covenants related to the Company’s senior leverage ratio and fixed charge ratio (as defined under the Credit Agreement) and limitations on liens, indebtedness, guarantees, contingent liabilities, loans and investments, distributions, leases, asset sales, stock repurchases and mergers and acquisitions. As of March 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all applicable provisions of the Credit Agreement.

In connection with securing the commitments under the Credit Agreement and the November 2017, April 20, 2018, October 1, 2020, December 29, 2021 and December 29, 2023 amendments to the Credit Agreement, the Company paid a commitment fee and incurred deferred financing costs totaling $1,039,000, which were capitalized and are being amortized as interest expense over the life of the Credit Facility. Deferred financing costs of $260,000 and $284,000 (net of amortization) as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively, are presented as long-term assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company’s outstanding borrowings under the Revolver totaled zero dollars; and unused borrowing capacity available was approximately $24.2 million and $22.5 million, respectively. There were no outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan at March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023.

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Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

9. Income Taxes

The components of income (loss) before income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Financial Statements, consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Domestic	$	(316	)	$	2,080
Foreign		34			(1,601	)
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	(282	)	$	479

The Company has foreign subsidiaries which generate revenues from non-U.S.-based clients. Additionally, these subsidiaries provide services to the Company’s U.S. operations. Accordingly, the Company allocates a portion of its income (loss) to these subsidiaries based on a “transfer pricing” model and reports such income (loss) as foreign in the above table.

The provision (benefit) for income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Financial Statements, consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Current provision (benefit):
Federal	$	(224	)	$	711
State		(39	)		170
Foreign		104			(446	)
Total current provision (benefit)		(159	)		435
Deferred provision (benefit):
Federal		23			(248	)
State		5			(60	)
Foreign		(83	)		62
Total deferred provision (benefit)		(55	)		(246	)
Change in valuation allowance		93			29
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	(121	)	$	218

The reconciliation of income taxes computed using the statutory U.S. income tax rate and the provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024					Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate	$	(59	)	(21.0	%)	$	100		21.0	%
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit		(10	)	(3.5	)		110		23.0
Excess tax expense (benefits) from stock options/restricted shares		85		30.1			23		4.8
Worthless stock deduction		(248	)	(87.9	)		—		—
Difference in tax rate on foreign earnings/other		18		6.4			(44	)	(9.2	)
Change in valuation allowance		93		33.0			29		6.0
	$	(121	)	(42.9	%)	$	218		45.6	%

We evaluate deferred income taxes quarterly to determine if valuation allowances are required or should be adjusted. GAAP accounting guidance requires us to assess whether valuation allowances should be established against deferred tax assets based on all available evidence, both positive and negative using a “more likely than not” standard. Our assessment considers, among other things, the nature of cumulative losses; forecast of future profitability; the duration of statutory carry-forward periods and tax planning alternatives. At March 31, 2024, our valuation allowance was comprised of balances within locations of Canada, Ireland and the United Kingdom and totaled $559,000. During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, we secured a worthless stock deduction for our discontinued Singapore entity, which allowed us to recognize a current tax deduction during the 2024 period and accordingly reverse $162,000 of our valuation allowance balance. As of December 31, 2023, our valuation allowance balance totaled $628,000.

The Company’s Canadian subsidiary, which was under audit by Revenue Canada for the years 2018 and 2019 was completed in first quarter of 2024 with no adjustments to these tax filings.

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Shareholders' Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Shareholders' Equity

10. Shareholders’ Equity

On February 8, 2023, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock over a two-year period. Repurchases under the program may occur from time to time in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions, through block purchases or other purchase techniques, or by any combination of such methods, and the program may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at the discretion of the Board of Directors. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company repurchased 9,222 shares of common stock at an average price of $8.70 per share under this program.

Additionally, the Company makes stock purchases from time to time to satisfy employee tax obligations related to its Stock Incentive Plan. The Company did not purchase any shares to satisfy employee tax obligations during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

 

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Earnings (Loss) Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

11. Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The computation of basic earnings (loss) per share is based on the Company’s net income (loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if outstanding stock options were exercised. The dilutive effect of stock options was calculated using the treasury stock method.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, all stock options and restricted shares were anti-dilutive and excluded from the computation of diluted (loss) per share. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were 1,390,000 anti-dilutive stock options excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share.

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Business Segments and Geographic Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Business Segments and Geographic Information

12. Business Segments and Geographic Information

Our reporting segments are: 1) Data and Analytics Services; and 2) IT Staffing Services.

The Data and Analytics Services segment was acquired through the July 13, 2017, acquisition of the services division of Canada-based InfoTrellis, Inc. This segment is a project-based consulting services business with specialized capabilities in data management and analytics. The business is marketed as “Mastech InfoTrellis” and utilizes a dedicated sales team with deep subject matter expertise. Mastech InfoTrellis has offices in Atlanta, Toronto and London, and a global delivery center in Chennai, India. Project-based delivery reflects a combination of on-site resources and offshore resources. Assignments are secured on both a time and material and fixed price basis. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf, a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition expanded our capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offering for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise application across sales, marketing and customer service organizations.

The IT Staffing Services segment offers staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies, engineering services and uses digital methods to enhance organizational learning. These services are marketed using a common sales force and delivered via our domestic and global recruitment centers. While the vast majority of our assignments are based on time and materials, we do have the capabilities to deliver our digital transformation services on a fixed price basis.

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Revenues:
Data and Analytics Services	$	8,067		$	9,395
IT Staffing Services		38,756			45,668
Total revenues	$	46,823		$	55,063
Gross Margin %:
Data and Analytics Services		46.4	%		38.5	%
IT Staffing Services		21.6	%		21.6	%
Total gross margin %		25.9	%		24.5	%
Segment operating income (loss):
Data and Analytics Services	$	(454	)	$	(680	)
IT Staffing Services		741			1,905
Subtotal		287			1,225
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		(693	)		(693	)
Interest expense, FX gains/losses and other, net		124			(53	)
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	(282	)	$	479

Below is a reconciliation of segment total assets to consolidated total assets:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Total assets:
Data and Analytics Services	$	44,892	$	45,681
IT Staffing Services		61,178		59,546
Total assets	$	106,070	$	105,227

Below is geographic information related to our revenues from external customers:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
United States	$	46,116	$	53,755
Canada		294		831
India and Other		413		477
Total revenues	$	46,823	$	55,063

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Recently Issued Accounting Standards

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Recently Issued Accounting Standards [Abstract]

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

13. Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures”. The amendments in this ASU require disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis. Additional disclosures include significant segment expenses that are part of segment profit or loss; the title and position of the chief operating decision maker; and how the chief operating decision maker uses segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on its financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures”. The amendments in this ASU enhance the transparency and usefulness of income tax disclosures. Additional disclosures include specific rate reconciliation categories; additional disclosure for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold; and federal, state and foreign income taxes paid by individual jurisdiction. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on its financial statements.

A variety of proposed or otherwise potential accounting standards are currently under consideration by standard-setting organizations and certain regulatory agencies. Because of the tentative and preliminary nature of such proposed standards, management has not yet determined the effect, if any that the implementation of such proposed standards would have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Summary of Disaggregation of Our Revenues by Contract Type and Operating Segment

The following table depicts the disaggregation of our revenues by contract type and operating segment:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Data and Analytics Services Segment
Time-and-material Contracts	$	6,111	$	6,701
Fixed-price Contracts		1,956		2,694
Subtotal Data and Analytics Services	$	8,067	$	9,395

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
IT Staffing Services Segment
Time-and-material Contracts	$	38,756	$	45,668
Fixed-price Contracts		—		—
Subtotal IT Staffing Services	$	38,756	$	45,668
Total Revenues	$	46,823	$	55,063

Summary of Revenue from External Customers

The following table presents our revenue from external customers disaggregated by geography, based on the work location of our customers:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
United States	$	46,116	$	53,755
Canada		294		831
India and other		413		477
Total Revenues	$	46,823	$	55,063

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Goodwill

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of goodwill by operating segment for the periods ended March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended		Twelve Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(in thousands)
IT Staffing Services:
Beginning balance	$	8,427	$	8,427
Goodwill recorded		—		—
Impairment		—		—
Ending Balance	$	8,427	$	8,427

	Three Months Ended		Twelve Months Ended
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(in thousands)
Data and Analytics Services:
Beginning balance	$	18,783	$	24,083
Goodwill recorded		—		—
Impairment		—		(5,300	)
Ending Balance	$	18,783	$	18,783

Components of Identifiable Intangible assets

The Company is amortizing the identifiable intangible assets on a straight-line basis over estimated average lives ranging from 3 to 12 years. Identifiable intangible assets were comprised of the following as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	As of March 31, 2024
(Amounts in thousands)	Amortization Period (In Years)		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulative Amortization		Net Carrying Value
IT Staffing Services:
Client relationships		12	$	7,999	$	5,861	$	2,138
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		319		319		—
Trade name		3		249		249		—
Data and Analytics Services:
Client relationships		12		19,641		10,184		9,457
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		1,201		1,069		132
Trade name		5		1,711		1,564		147
Technology		7		1,979		1,545		434
Total Intangible Assets			$	33,099	$	20,791	$	12,308

	As of December 31, 2023
(Amounts in thousands)	Amortization Period (In Years)		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulative Amortization		Net Carrying Value
IT Staffing Services:
Client relationships		12	$	7,999	$	5,694	$	2,305
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		319		319		—
Trade name		3		249		249		—
Data and Analytics Services:
Client relationships		12		19,641		9,776		9,865
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		1,201		1,047		154
Trade name		5		1,711		1,539		172
Technology		7		1,979		1,474		505
Total Intangible Assets			$	33,099	$	20,098	$	13,001

Schedule of Estimated Amortization Expense

The estimated aggregate amortization expense for intangible assets for the years ending December 31, 2024 through 2028 is as follows:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2024		2025		2026		2027		2028
	(Amounts in thousands)
Amortization expense	$	2,693	$	2,553	$	2,413	$	2,025	$	1,637

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Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Summary of Balance Sheet classification of lease assets and related lease liabilities

The following table summarizes the balance sheet classification of the lease assets and related lease liabilities:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Long-term operating lease right-of-use assets	$	4,790	$	5,106
Liabilities:
Short-term operating lease liability	$	1,242	$	1,236
Long-term operating lease liability		3,517		3,843
Total Liabilities	$	4,759	$	5,079

Schedule of Minimum Future Rental Payments

Future minimum rental payments for office facilities and equipment under the Company’s noncancelable operating leases are as follows:

	Amount as of March 31, 2024
	(in thousands)
2024 (for remainder of year)	$	1,111
2025		1,471
2026		1,470
2027		789
2028		259
Thereafter		196
Total	$	5,296
Less: Imputed interest		(537	)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	4,759

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Income Taxes (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes

The components of income (loss) before income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Financial Statements, consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Domestic	$	(316	)	$	2,080
Foreign		34			(1,601	)
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	(282	)	$	479

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

The provision (benefit) for income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Financial Statements, consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Current provision (benefit):
Federal	$	(224	)	$	711
State		(39	)		170
Foreign		104			(446	)
Total current provision (benefit)		(159	)		435
Deferred provision (benefit):
Federal		23			(248	)
State		5			(60	)
Foreign		(83	)		62
Total deferred provision (benefit)		(55	)		(246	)
Change in valuation allowance		93			29
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	(121	)	$	218

Reconciliation of Income Taxes

The reconciliation of income taxes computed using the statutory U.S. income tax rate and the provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024					Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate	$	(59	)	(21.0	%)	$	100		21.0	%
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit		(10	)	(3.5	)		110		23.0
Excess tax expense (benefits) from stock options/restricted shares		85		30.1			23		4.8
Worthless stock deduction		(248	)	(87.9	)		—		—
Difference in tax rate on foreign earnings/other		18		6.4			(44	)	(9.2	)
Change in valuation allowance		93		33.0			29		6.0
	$	(121	)	(42.9	%)	$	218		45.6	%

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Business Segments and Geographic Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Summary of Operating Segments

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Revenues:
Data and Analytics Services	$	8,067		$	9,395
IT Staffing Services		38,756			45,668
Total revenues	$	46,823		$	55,063
Gross Margin %:
Data and Analytics Services		46.4	%		38.5	%
IT Staffing Services		21.6	%		21.6	%
Total gross margin %		25.9	%		24.5	%
Segment operating income (loss):
Data and Analytics Services	$	(454	)	$	(680	)
IT Staffing Services		741			1,905
Subtotal		287			1,225
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		(693	)		(693	)
Interest expense, FX gains/losses and other, net		124			(53	)
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	(282	)	$	479

Summary of Assets, Depreciation and Amortization and Capital Expenditures by Segment

Below is a reconciliation of segment total assets to consolidated total assets:

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
Total assets:
Data and Analytics Services	$	44,892	$	45,681
IT Staffing Services		61,178		59,546
Total assets	$	106,070	$	105,227

Summary of Revenue from External Customers and Long-lived Assets

Below is geographic information related to our revenues from external customers:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(Amounts in thousands)
United States	$	46,116	$	53,755
Canada		294		831
India and Other		413		477
Total revenues	$	46,823	$	55,063

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Additional Information (Detail) - Agreement	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Percentage of billing expense revenues	2.00%
Sales Revenue Net [Member] | Revenue from Rights Concentration Risk [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Percentage of total accounts receivable	10.00%	10.00%
Sales Revenue Net [Member] | Revenue from Rights Concentration Risk [Member] | CGI [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Percentage of total accounts receivable	17.40%	25.50%
Number of customers	1	1
Top Ten Customers [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue percentage of total revenue	51.00%	56.00%
Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Percent of revenue from services	100.00%

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Summary of Disaggregation of Our Revenues by Contract Type and Operating Segment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues by contract type and operating segment	$ 46,823	$ 55,063
Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues by contract type and operating segment	8,067	9,395
Data and Analytics Services [Member] | Time-and-Material Contract [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues by contract type and operating segment	6,111	6,701
Data and Analytics Services [Member] | Fixed-Price Contract [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues by contract type and operating segment	1,956	2,694
IT Staffing Services [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues by contract type and operating segment	38,756	45,668
IT Staffing Services [Member] | Time-and-Material Contract [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues by contract type and operating segment	38,756	45,668
IT Staffing Services [Member] | Fixed-Price Contract [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues by contract type and operating segment	$ 0	$ 0

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Summary of Revenue from External Customers (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total	$ 46,823	$ 55,063
United States [Member]
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total	46,116	53,755
Canada [Member]
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total	294	831
India and other [Member]
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total	$ 413	$ 477

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2022	Oct. 01, 2020	Jul. 13, 2017	Jun. 15, 2015
Goodwill and Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 27,210,000		$ 27,210,000
Amortization expense	693,000	$ 693,000
Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Goodwill and Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Goodwill	18,783,000		18,783,000		$ 24,083,000
Goodwill impairment	$ 0		$ 5,300,000
Hudson IT [Member]
Goodwill and Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Goodwill								$ 8,400,000
Info Trellis Inc [Member]
Goodwill and Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Goodwill							$ 27,400,000
Goodwill impairment				$ 9,700,000
Amber Leaf Partners Inc [Member]
Goodwill and Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Goodwill						$ 6,400,000

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net - Reconciliation of Goodwill (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Beginning balance	$ 27,210
Ending Balance	27,210	$ 27,210
IT Staffing Services [Member]
Beginning balance	8,427	8,427
Goodwill recorded	0	0
Impairment	0	0
Ending Balance	8,427	8,427
Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Beginning balance	18,783	24,083
Goodwill recorded	0	0
Impairment	0	(5,300)
Ending Balance	$ 18,783	$ 18,783

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net - Components of Identifiable Intangible assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	$ 20,791	$ 20,098
Total Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Value	33,099	33,099
Total Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Value	$ 12,308	$ 13,001
Client Relationships [Member] | IT Staffing Services [Member]
Amortization Period (In Years)	12 years	12 years
Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Value	$ 7,999	$ 7,999
Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	5,861	5,694
Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Value	$ 2,138	$ 2,305
Client Relationships [Member] | Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Amortization Period (In Years)	12 years	12 years
Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Value	$ 19,641	$ 19,641
Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	10,184	9,776
Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Value	$ 9,457	$ 9,865
Covenant Not-to-Compete [Member] | IT Staffing Services [Member]
Amortization Period (In Years)	5 years	5 years
Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Value	$ 319	$ 319
Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	319	319
Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Value	$ 0	$ 0
Covenant Not-to-Compete [Member] | Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Amortization Period (In Years)	5 years	5 years
Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Value	$ 1,201	$ 1,201
Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	1,069	1,047
Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Value	$ 132	$ 154
Trade Name [Member] | IT Staffing Services [Member]
Amortization Period (In Years)	3 years	3 years
Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Value	$ 249	$ 249
Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	249	249
Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Value	$ 0	$ 0
Trade Name [Member] | Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Amortization Period (In Years)	5 years	5 years
Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Value	$ 1,711	$ 1,711
Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	1,564	1,539
Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Value	$ 147	$ 172
Technology [Member] | Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Amortization Period (In Years)	7 years	7 years
Intangible Assets, Gross Carrying Value	$ 1,979	$ 1,979
Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	1,545	1,474
Intangible Assets, Net Carrying Value	$ 434	$ 505

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net - Schedule of Estimated Amortization Expense (Detail) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Intangible Liability Disclosure [Abstract]
Estimated aggregate amortization expense for year ending 2024	$ 2,693
Estimated aggregate amortization expense for year ending 2025	2,553
Estimated aggregate amortization expense for year ending 2026	2,413
Estimated aggregate amortization expense for year ending 2027	2,025
Estimated aggregate amortization expense for year ending 2028	$ 1,637

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Leases - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) ft²	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Square feet of office space | ft²	96,000
Average initial lease term	4 years 6 months
Discount rate	5.40%
Operating leases, rent expense, net	$ 0.4	$ 0.4
Total lease payments	0.4	0.4
Lease obligation incurred	$ 0.0	$ 0.0
Minimum [Member]
Lease term range	1 year
Maximum [Member]
Lease term range	5 years 6 months
Weighted Average [Member]
Lease term range	3 years 9 months 18 days

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Leases - Summary of Balance Sheet classification of lease asset and related lease liability (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Assets:
Long-term operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 4,790	$ 5,106
Liabilities:
Short-term operating lease liability	1,242	1,236
Long-term operating lease liability	3,517	3,843
Total Liabilities	$ 4,759	$ 5,079

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Leases - Schedule of Future Minimum Rental Payments for Operating Leases (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
2024 (for remainder of year)	$ 1,111
2025	1,471
2026	1,470
2027	789
2028	259
Thereafter	196
Total	5,296
Less: Imputed interest	(537)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$ 4,759	$ 5,079

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Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Detail) - Former Employee Unasserted Claim [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss contingency accrual, provision		$ 3.1
Loss contingency payment net of settlement	$ 0.0		$ 0.4

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Employee Benefit Plan - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Matching contributions	$ 0	$ 0

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Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	May 15, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares allocated for issuance to directors, officers and key personnel	5,400,000
Number of Options, Granted	385,000	100,000
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 550,000	$ 835,000
Strike price | $ / shares	$ 8.34	$ 11.53
Restricted shares granted	29,612	19,924
Employee stock purchase estimation	The fair value of the six-month “look-back” option in the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan is estimated by adding the fair value of 15% of one share of stock to 85% of the fair value of an option on one share of stock.
Stock Options And Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares issued related to employee stock purchases	19,924	17,804
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for future grants	466,919		600,000
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 550,000	$ 835,000
Number of shares issued related to employee stock purchases	0	0
Percentage of maximum contribution of salary towards plan	15.00%
Maximum contribution towards plan	$ 25,000
Discount on purchase of common stock	15.00%
Stock Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for future grants	468,000

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Credit Facility - Additional information (Detail) - USD ($)				1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 03, 2023	Jan. 04, 2022	Oct. 01, 2020	Aug. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2023	Jul. 13, 2017
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Deferred financing costs					$ 260,000			$ 284,000
Repayments of debt					0	$ 1,100,000
Revolving Line of Credit [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Percentage of eligible accounts receivable							85.00%
Outstanding borrowings amount					0			0
Revolving Line of Credit [Member] | United States [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Percentage of eligible unbilled accounts							60.00%
Revolving Line of Credit [Member] | Canada [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Credit facility maximum borrowing capacity					$ 10,000,000
Percentage of eligible accounts receivable					85.00%
Percentage of eligible unbilled accounts					60.00%
Revolving Line of Credit [Member] | Line of Credit [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Credit facility maximum borrowing capacity							$ 5,000,000
Revolving Line of Credit [Member] | Swing Loans [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Credit facility maximum borrowing capacity							$ 6,000,000
Federal Funds Rate [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate					0.50%
PNC Bank, N.A. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Credit facility maximum borrowing capacity									$ 53,100,000
Payment of deferred financing costs					$ 1,039,000
PNC Bank, N.A. [Member] | Term Loan Facility [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Credit facility maximum borrowing capacity					0			0	13,100,000
Credit facility, periodic payment			$ 1,100,000
Repayments of debt				$ 7,600,000
Line of credit facility outstanding amount					0
Line of credit facility final amount	$ 1,100,000
PNC Bank, N.A. [Member] | Revolving Line of Credit [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Credit facility maximum borrowing capacity					$ 24,200,000			$ 22,500,000	$ 40,000,000
Maximum [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility percentage margin over base rate							1.25%
Term loan percentage margin over base rate							2.50%
Revolving credit facility percentage margin adjusted SOFR rate							2.25%
Term loan percentage margin adjusted SOFR rate							3.50%
Maximum [Member] | PNC Bank, N.A. [Member] | Revolving Line of Credit [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Credit facility additional borrowing capacity upon certain conditions		$ 20,000,000
Minimum [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility percentage margin over base rate							0.50%
Term loan percentage margin over base rate							1.75%
Revolving credit facility percentage margin adjusted SOFR rate							1.50%
Term loan percentage margin adjusted SOFR rate							2.75%

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Income Taxes - Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Domestic	$ (316)	$ 2,080
Foreign	34	(1,601)
Income (loss) before income taxes	$ (282)	$ 479

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Income Taxes - Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Current provision (benefit):
Federal	$ (224)	$ 711
State	(39)	170
Foreign	104	(446)
Total current provision (benefit)	(159)	435
Deferred provision (benefit):
Federal	23	(248)
State	5	(60)
Foreign	(83)	62
Total deferred provision (benefit)	(55)	(246)
Change in valuation allowance	93	29
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes	$ (121)	$ 218

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Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate, Value	$ (59)	$ 100
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit, Value	(10)	110
Excess tax expense (benefits) from stock options/restricted shares	85	23
Worthless stock deduction	(248)	0
Difference in tax rate on foreign earnings/other	18	(44)
Change in valuation allowance	93	29
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes	$ (121)	$ 218
Income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate	(21.00%)	21.00%
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit	(3.50%)	23.00%
Excess tax expense (benefits) from stock options/restricted shares	30.10%	4.80%
Worthless stock deduction	(87.90%)	0.00%
Difference in tax rate on foreign earnings/other	6.40%	(9.20%)
Change in valuation allowance	33.00%	6.00%
Effective for income tax rate, Total	(42.90%)	45.60%

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Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Deferred Tax Liabilities Valuation Allowance	$ 559
Deferred tax assets valuation allowance		$ 628
Increase decrease in valuation allowances deferred tax assets	$ (162)

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Shareholders' Equity - Additional Information (Detail) - $ / shares		3 Months Ended
	Feb. 08, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Shares purchased to satisfy employee tax obligation		0	0
Common Stock [Member]
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Stock repurchase program, number of shares authorized to be repurchased	500,000
Stock repurchase program, period in force	2 years
Number of shares repurchased during the period		9,222
Treasury stock average repurchase price per share		$ 8.7

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Earnings (Loss) per Share - Additional Information (Detail)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 shares
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Anti-dilutive securities not included in computation of earnings per share	1,390,000

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Business Segments and Geographic Information - Additional Information (Detail)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of reportable segments	2
Data and Analytics Services [Member] | Business Combination Credit Agreement [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Business acquisition date	Jul. 13, 2017

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Business Segments and Geographic Information - Summary of Operating Segments (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues:	$ 46,823,000	$ 55,063,000
Gross Margin %:	25.90%	24.50%
Segment operating income (loss):	$ (406,000)	$ 532,000
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	(693,000)	(693,000)
Interest expense, FX gains/losses and other, net	124,000	(53,000)
Income (loss) before income taxes	(282,000)	479,000
Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues:	$ 8,067,000	$ 9,395,000
Gross Margin %:	46.40%	38.50%
IT Staffing Services [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues:	$ 38,756,000	$ 45,668,000
Gross Margin %:	21.60%	21.60%
Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment operating income (loss):	$ 287,000	$ 1,225,000
Operating Segments [Member] | Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment operating income (loss):	(454,000)	(680,000)
Operating Segments [Member] | IT Staffing Services [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Segment operating income (loss):	$ 741,000	$ 1,905,000

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Business Segments and Geographic Information - Summary of Assets by Segment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total assets	$ 106,070	$ 105,227
Data and Analytics Services [Member]
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total assets	44,892	45,681
IT Staffing Services [Member]
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total assets	$ 61,178	$ 59,546

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Business Segments and Geographic Information - Summary of Revenue from External Customers (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 46,823	$ 55,063
United States [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	46,116	53,755
Canada [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	294	831
India and Other [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 413	$ 477