UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to ____________

Commission File Number: 001-40644

Kaltura, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

Delaware	20-8128326
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
860 Broadway 3rd Floor New York, New York	10003
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (646) 290-5445

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share	KLTR	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights	N/A	(1)

(1) Attached to Common Stock

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒     No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒     No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐     No ☒

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.0001, outstanding as of November 1, 2023 was 141,405,627

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	5
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022 (audited)	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	8
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	9
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	11
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements (unaudited)	13
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	33
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	55
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	55
PART II	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	57
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	57
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	60
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	61
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	61
Item 5.	Other Information	61
Item 6.	Exhibits	62
	Signatures	64

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may be forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “targets,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, industry and business trends, stock-based compensation, revenue recognition, business strategy, plans and market growth.

The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are only predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, the following risks and the other important factors discussed in Part II, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 24, 2023:

• The ongoing distressed economic climate, and the associated impact on capital markets, has resulted in, among other things, slowdown of business activities and decline in spending and procurement by customers, increased price-driven competition, including through initiation of bid processes and longer sale cycles, and other adverse effects. If we are unable to successfully assess or mitigate the direct and indirect impact of the worsening economic climate on our business and operations, or the duration and depth of the current instability of the global economy, or if we are unable to retain our existing customer base or to obtain new customers at reasonable prices, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects would be adversely affected;

• Our primary research and development, human resources, and certain other finance and administrative activities are based in Israel, and the political, economic, and military conditions in Israel, such as the current conflicts with Hamas and Hezbollah, could materially and adversely affect our business.

• Our dependency on existing customer demand and exposure to changes in demand by our customers, loss of one or more of our significant customers, or any other reduction in the amount of revenue we derive from any such customer, including as a result from reasons not under our control, makes it difficult to evaluate our current business and future prospects and may increase the risk that our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects would be adversely affected;

• Our business and operations have experienced high volatility, including rapid growth partially attributed to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and thereafter a decline as such effects have subsided and the global economic climate has worsened. If we do not appropriately adapt to these or any future changes, including through improvement of our systems, processes, controls and efficiency, or if we are unable to successfully implement our Reorganization Plans (as defined below), our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects would be adversely affected;

• We have a history of losses and may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability;

• Our future success depends on the growth and expansion of the markets for our offerings, which are new and evolving and may develop more slowly or differently than we expect, and on our ability to adapt and respond effectively to evolving market conditions;

1

• If we are not able to keep pace with technological and competitive developments. and develop or otherwise introduce new products and solutions and enhancements to our existing offerings, our offerings may become less marketable, less competitive or obsolete, and our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected;

• We may face risks associated with our use of certain artificial intelligence and machine learning models (collectively, "AI").

• If we do not maintain the interoperability of our offerings across devices, operating systems and third-party applications that we do not control, and if we are not able to maintain and expand our relationships with third-party technology partners to integrate our offerings with their products and solutions (or vice-versa), our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected;

• Part of our Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and other components in our offerings are licensed to the public under an open-source license, which could negatively affect our ability to monetize our offerings and protect our intellectual property rights;

• The markets in which we compete are nascent and highly fragmented, and we may not be able to compete successfully against current and future competitors, some of whom have greater financial, technical, and other resources than we do or can provide a bundled offering and solutions that might be more attractive to our customers enabling them to better compete with us. If we do not compete successfully, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed;

• If we are unable to increase sales of our subscriptions to new customers, expand the offerings to which our existing customers subscribe or the value of their subscriptions, or have them renew their subscriptions in terms that are economically beneficial to us, our future revenue and results of operations would be adversely affected;

• Political, economic, and military conditions in Ukraine, Russia and other countries following the Russian invasion to Ukraine, or political, economic, and in other regions in which we operate, or changes in the business environment in those regions, could materially and adversely affect our business;

• Currency exchange rate fluctuations affect our results of operations, as reported in our financial statements;

• We recognize a significant portion of revenue from subscriptions over the term of the relevant subscription period, and as a result, downturns or upturns in sales are not immediately reflected in full in our results of operations;

• Increased breaches of network or information technology security along with an increase in cyber-attack activities, increases the risk that we shall be subject to cybersecurity threats that could have an adverse effect on our business;

• Data privacy and data protection laws are rapidly evolving and present increasing compliance challenges. Additionally, if we or our third-party service providers experience a security breach, data loss or other compromise, including if unauthorized parties obtain access to our customers’ data, our reputation may be harmed, demand for our platform, products and solutions may be reduced, and we may incur significant liabilities;

• We typically provide service-level commitments and offer customer support under our customer agreements. If we fail to meet these contractual commitments, we could be obligated to provide credits for future service, face contract termination with refunds of prepaid amounts, be charged penalties, or could experience a decrease in customer renewals in future periods, any of which would lower our revenue and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations;

• We rely on third parties, including third parties outside the United States, for some of our software development, quality assurance, operations, and customer support;

2

• We depend on our management team and other key employees, and the loss of one or more of these employees or an inability to attract and retain highly skilled employees could adversely affect our business;

• Our corporate culture has contributed to our success, and if we cannot maintain it as we grow, we could lose the innovation, creativity, and entrepreneurial spirit we have worked to foster, which could adversely affect our business;

• The failure to effectively develop and expand our marketing and sales capabilities or to maintain or expand our international business, could harm our ability to increase our customer base and achieve broader market acceptance of our offerings;

• The sales prices of our offerings may change, which may reduce our revenue and gross profit and adversely affect our financial results;

• We expect our revenue mix to vary over time, which could negatively impact our gross margin and results of operations;

• In the event of failure of any of the financial institutions where we maintain our cash and cash equivalents, there can be no assurance that we would be able to access uninsured funds in a timely manner or at all.

• Our international operations and expansion expose us to risk;

• A portion of our revenue is generated by sales to government entities, which are subject to a number of challenges and risks;

• If we are unable to consummate acquisitions at acceptable rate or prices, and to enter into other strategic transactions and relationships that support our long-term strategy, our growth rate and the trading price of our common stock could be negatively affected. These transactions and relationships also subject us to certain risks;

• A real or perceived bug, defect, security vulnerability, error, or other performance failure involving our platform, products or solutions could cause us to lose revenue, damage our reputation, and expose us to liability;

• Failure to protect our proprietary technology, or to obtain, maintain, protect and enforce sufficiently broad intellectual property rights therein, could substantially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations;

• Our failure to raise additional capital or generate the significant capital necessary to expand our operations and invest in new offerings could reduce our ability to compete and could adversely affect our business; and

• Changes in laws and regulations related to the internet, changes in the internet infrastructure itself, or increases in the cost of internet connectivity and network access may diminish the demand for our offerings and could harm our business.

3

The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are based upon information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.

You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents that we reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and have filed as exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance and achievements may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, whether as a result of any new information, future events or otherwise.

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless otherwise stated or the context requires otherwise, references to “Kaltura,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our,” refer to Kaltura, Inc. and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

4

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	34,073	$	44,625
Marketable securities		35,084		41,343
Trade receivables		21,865		28,786
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		7,430		7,521
Deferred contract acquisition and fulfillment costs, current		10,601		10,759
Total current assets		109,053		133,034
LONG-TERM ASSETS:
Marketable securities		1,902		-
Property and equipment, net		20,763		15,142
Other assets, noncurrent		2,910		3,176
Deferred contract acquisition and fulfillment costs, noncurrent		18,277		21,691
Operating lease right-of-use assets		14,735		20,814
Intangible assets, net		808		1,244
Goodwill		11,070		11,070
Total noncurrent assets		70,465		73,137
TOTAL ASSETS	$	179,518	$	206,171
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Current portion of long-term loans	$	31,455	$	5,793
Trade payables		4,435		9,437
Employees and payroll accruals		12,380		14,884
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		17,184		16,527
Operating lease liabilities, current		2,337		2,355
Deferred revenue, current		59,244		59,841
Total current liabilities		127,035		108,837
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:
Deferred revenue, noncurrent		578		1,266
Long-term loans, net of current portion		-		30,004
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent		17,581		20,697
Other liabilities, noncurrent		2,147		2,021
Total long-term liabilities		20,306		53,988
TOTAL LIABILITIES	$	147,341	$	162,825

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 5

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 8)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 20,000,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022; 0 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022		-			-
Common stock $0.0001 par value per share, 1,000,000,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022; 147,960,279 and 142,249,619 shares issued as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively; 140,275,089 and 134,564,429 shares outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively		13			13
Treasury stock – 7,685,190 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022		(4,881	)		(4,881	)
Additional paid-in capital		463,155			439,644
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(682	)		(301	)
Accumulated deficit		(425,428	)		(391,129	)
Total stockholders' equity		32,177			43,346
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$	179,518		$	206,171

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 6

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022		2023			2022
Revenue:
Subscription	$	40,847		$	37,915	$	121,962		$	112,904
Professional services		2,695			3,136		8,732			11,841
Total revenue		43,542			41,051		130,694			124,745
Cost of revenue:
Subscription		11,004			9,772		33,106			29,192
Professional services		4,839			4,904		14,001			16,219
Total cost of revenue		15,843			14,676		47,107			45,411
Gross profit		27,699			26,375		83,587			79,334
Operating expenses:
Research and development		12,558			13,891		39,663			43,205
Sales and marketing		11,683			15,040		36,489			46,072
General and administrative		11,767			11,412		36,298			34,188
Restructuring		5			884		973			884
Total operating expenses		36,013			41,227		113,423			124,349
Operating loss		8,314			14,852		29,836			45,015
Financial expenses (income), net		(95	)		3,002		(3,047	)		2,945
Loss before provision for income taxes		8,219			17,854		26,789			47,960
Provision for income taxes		2,507			1,589		7,510			5,756
Net loss		10,726			19,443		34,299			53,716
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	$	0.08		$	0.15	$	0.25		$	0.41
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted		139,186,364			132,185,026		137,033,800			129,919,489

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 7

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(U.S. dollars in thousands, except for share data)

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Net loss	$	10,726		$	19,443		$	34,299		$	53,716
Other comprehensive income:
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges		(445	)		553			(536	)		(496	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale marketable securities		24			(100	)		155			(245	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(421	)		453			(381	)		(741	)
Comprehensive loss	$	11,147		$	18,990		$	34,680		$	54,457

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 8

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share data)

(unaudited)

	Common stock					Treasury stock					Additional paid-in capital		Accumulated other comprehensive loss			Accumulated deficit			Total stockholders' equity
	Number		Amount			Number		Amount
Balance as of July 1, 2023		137,793,478	$	13			7,685,190	$	(4,881	)	$	455,354	$	(261	)	$	(414,702	)	$	35,523
Stock-based compensation		-		-			-		-			7,512		-			-			7,512
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options, and vesting of restricted stock units		2,481,611		*	)		-		-			289		-			-			289
Other comprehensive loss		-		-			-		-			-		(421	)		-			(421	)
Net loss		-		-			-		-			-		-			(10,726	)		(10,726	)
Balance as of September 30, 2023		140,275,089	$	13			7,685,190	$	(4,881	)	$	463,155	$	(682	)	$	(425,428	)	$	32,177

	Common stock					Treasury stock					Additional paid-in capital		Accumulated other comprehensive loss			Accumulated deficit			Total stockholders' equity
	Number		Amount			Number		Amount
Balance as of July 1, 2022		130,586,754	$	13			7,685,190	$	(4,881	)	$	426,037	$	(1,194	)	$	(356,907	)	$	63,068
Stock-based compensation		-		-			-		-			6,176		-			-			6,176
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options, and vesting of restricted stock units		1,905,370		*	)		-		-			1,249		-			-			1,249
Other comprehensive income		-		-			-		-			-		453			-			453
Net loss		-		-			-		-			-		-			(19,443	)		(19,443	)
Balance as of September 30, 2022		132,492,124	$	13			7,685,190	$	(4,881	)	$	433,462	$	(741	)	$	(376,350	)	$	51,503

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

*) Represents an amount less than $1k.

 9

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share data)

(unaudited)

	Common stock					Treasury stock					Additional paid-in capital		Accumulated other comprehensive loss			Accumulated deficit			Total stockholders' equity
	Number		Amount			Number		Amount
Balance as of January 1, 2023		134,564,429	$	13			7,685,190	$	(4,881	)	$	439,644	$	(301	)	$	(391,129	)	$	43,346
Stock-based compensation		-		-			-		-			22,471		-			-			22,471
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options, and vesting of restricted stock units		5,710,660		*	)		-		-			1,040		-			-			1,040
Other comprehensive loss		-		-			-		-			-		(381	)		-			(381	)
Net loss		-		-			-		-			-		-			(34,299	)		(34,299	)
Balance as of September 30, 2023		140,275,089	$	13			7,685,190	$	(4,881	)	$	463,155	$	(682	)	$	(425,428	)	$	32,177

	Common stock					Treasury stock					Additional paid-in capital		Accumulated other comprehensive loss			Accumulated deficit			Total stockholders' equity
	Number		Amount			Number		Amount
Balance as of January 1, 2022		126,925,104	$	13			7,685,190	$	(4,881	)	$	412,776	$	-		$	(322,634	)	$	85,274
Stock-based compensation		-		-			-		-			18,074		-			-			18,074
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options, and vesting of restricted stock units		5,567,020		*	)		-		-			2,612		-			-			2,612
Other comprehensive loss		-		-			-		-			-		(741	)		-			(741	)
Net loss		-		-			-		-			-		-			(53,716	)		(53,716	)
Balance as of September 30, 2022		132,492,124	$	13			7,685,190	$	(4,881	)	$	433,462	$	(741	)	$	(376,350	)	$	51,503

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 10

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

U.S. dollars in thousands

(unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(34,299	)	$	(53,716	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Loss on sale of property and equipment		-			179
Depreciation and amortization		3,409			1,874
Stock-based compensation expenses		21,956			17,827
Amortization of deferred contract acquisition and fulfillment costs		8,774			7,883
Non-cash interest income, net		(705	)		(51	)
Gain on foreign exchange		(439	)		-
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in trade receivables		6,921			(5,761	)
Increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets, noncurrent		(193	)		(697	)
Increase in deferred contract acquisition and fulfillment costs		(4,853	)		(8,715	)
Increase (decrease) in trade payables		(5,575	)		98
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other current liabilities		91			(3,600	)
Increase in employees and payroll accruals		(2,504	)		(2,195	)
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities, noncurrent		411			(33	)
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenue		(1,285	)		6,145
Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, net		(1,613	)		(220	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(9,904	)		(40,982	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Investment in available-for-sale marketable securities		(33,609	)		(47,447	)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale marketable securities		38,976			5,670
Purchases of property and equipment		(1,792	)		(1,004	)
Capitalized internal-use software		(1,493	)		(4,573	)
Investment in restricted bank deposit		(1,001	)		(1,850	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		1,081			(49,204	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of long-term loans		(4,500	)		(2,250	)
Principal payments on finance leases		-			(135	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		1,224			2,445
Payment of debt issuance costs		-			(125	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(3,276	)		(65	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		439			-
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(11,660	)		(90,251	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the period		45,833			144,371
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the period	$	34,173		$	54,120

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 11

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

U.S. dollars in thousands

(unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activity:
Purchase of property, equipment, internal-use software, and intangible asset in credit	$	699	$	141
Lease liabilities arising from right-of-use assets	$	-	$	23,712
Capitalized stock-based compensation cost	$	552	$	247
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for income taxes, net	$	3,182	$	7,687
Cash paid for interest	$	2,242	$	1,429
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the consolidated balance sheet
Cash and cash equivalents	$	34,073	$	52,638
Restricted cash included in other assets, noncurrent		100		1,482
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	34,173	$	54,120

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 12

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

NOTE 1:   GENERAL

Description of Business

Kaltura, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) was incorporated in October 2006 and commenced operations in January 2007. The Company’s business operations are allocated between two main segments, Enterprise, Education, and Technology (“EE&T”) and Media and Telecom (“M&T”). The Company has developed a platform for video creation, management, and collaboration. The Company's platform enables companies, educational institutions, and other organizations to cost-effectively launch advanced online video experiences, including for Over-the-top (“OTT”) Television, Cloud TV, web video publishing, video-based teaching, learning and training, video-based marketing, and video-based collaboration. The Company’s core offerings consist of various Software-as-a-Service (“SaaS”) products and solutions and a Platform-as-a-Service (“PaaS”).

NOTE 2:   BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting.

The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date, but does not include all of the disclosures, including certain notes required by U.S. GAAP on an annual reporting basis. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Therefore, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on February 24, 2023.

In management’s opinion, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements with normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2023, and the Company’s consolidated results of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2023, or any other future interim or annual period.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The Company evaluates on an ongoing basis its assumptions, including those related to contingencies, income tax uncertainties, incremental borrowing rate for operating leases, fair value of financial assets and liabilities, including fair value of derivatives, fair value and useful life of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, as well as in estimates used in applying the revenue recognition policy. The Company bases these estimates on historical and anticipated results, trends and various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, including assumptions as to future events. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Concentration of Risks

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, bank deposits, restricted cash and trade receivables.

13

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

The majority of the Company’s cash, and cash equivalents, marketable securities, bank deposits and restricted cash are invested with major banks in the United States, Israel, and the United Kingdom. Such investments in the United States may be in excess of insured limits and they are not insured in other jurisdictions. Market conditions can impact the viability of these financial institutions. In the event of failure of any of the financial institutions where the Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents, there can be no assurance that the Company would be able to access uninsured funds in a timely manner or at all. Any inability to access or delay in accessing these funds could adversely affect the Company's business and financial position. In general, these investments may be redeemed upon demand and therefore bear minimal risk.

The Company’s trade receivables are geographically dispersed and derived from sales to customers mainly in the United States, Europe, and Asia. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables is limited by credit limits, ongoing credit evaluation, and account monitoring procedures.

Major customer data as a percentage of total revenues:

The following table sets forth customers that represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue in each of the periods set forth below:

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022		2023			2022
Customer A (M&T)		10.43	%		*) -		10.50	%		*) -

*) Represents an amount that is lower than 10% of the Company's total revenue.

Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company’s significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 2 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, which was filed with the SEC on February 24, 2023. There have been no significant changes to these policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 except as noted below.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

As an “emerging growth company”, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) allows the Company to delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period under the JOBS Act. The adoption dates discussed below reflect this election.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected credit loss model and requires a financial asset measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The Company adopted this guidance using modified retrospective approach, effective on January 1, 2023. The adoption did not have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

14

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

NOTE 3:   REVENUES FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following tables present disaggregated revenue by category:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Enterprise, Education and Technology					Media and Telecom
	Amount		Percentage of revenue			Amount		Percentage of revenue
Subscription	$	30,043		96.6	%	$	10,804		86.8	%
Professional services		1,052		3.4	%		1,643		13.2	%
	$	31,095		100	%	$	12,447		100	%

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Enterprise, Education and Technology					Media and Telecom
	Amount		Percentage of revenue			Amount		Percentage of revenue
Subscription	$	28,676		95.4	%	$	9,239		84.0	%
Professional services		1,380		4.6	%		1,756		16.0	%
	$	30,056		100	%	$	10,995		100	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Enterprise, Education and Technology					Media and Telecom
	Amount		Percentage of revenue			Amount		Percentage of revenue
Subscription	$	90,175		96.4	%	$	31,787		85.7	%
Professional services		3,408		3.6	%		5,324		14.3	%
	$	93,583		100	%	$	37,111		100	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Enterprise, Education & Technology					Media and Telecom
	Amount		Percentage of revenue			Amount		Percentage of revenue
Subscription	$	84,558		93.8	%	$	28,346		82.0	%
Professional services		5,628		6.2	%		6,213		18.0	%
	$	90,186		100	%	$	34,559		100	%

15

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

The following tables summarize revenue by region based on the billing address of customers:

	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2023					2022
	Amount		Percentage of revenue			Amount		Percentage of revenue
United States (“US”)	$	22,394		51.4	%	$	22,602		55.1	%
Europe, the Middle East and Africa ("EMEA")		15,938		36.6	%		13,761		33.5	%
Other		5,210		12.0	%		4,688		11.4	%
	$	43,542		100	%	$	41,051		100	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023					2022
	Amount		Percentage of revenue			Amount		Percentage of revenue
United States (“US”)	$	68,355		52.3	%	$	69,488		55.7	%
Europe, the Middle East and Africa ("EMEA")		48,461		37.1	%		41,401		33.2	%
Other		13,878		10.6	%		13,856		11.1	%
	$	130,694		100	%	$	124,745		100	%

Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations represent the amount of contracted future revenue that has not yet been recognized, including both deferred revenue and contracted amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. As of September 30, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $163,995, which consists of both billed consideration in the amount of $59,822 and unbilled consideration in the amount of $104,173 that the Company expects to recognize as revenue but that was not yet recognized on the balance sheet. The Company expects to recognize 59% of its remaining performance obligations as revenue over the next 12 months and the remainder thereafter.

16

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

Costs to Obtain a Contract

The following table represents a roll forward of costs to obtain a contract:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Beginning balance	$	25,485		$	27,387		$	26,928		$	26,274
Additions to deferred contract acquisition costs during the period		1,690			1,745			5,238			7,219
Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs		(2,478	)		(2,477	)		(7,469	)		(6,838	)
Ending balance	$	24,697		$	26,655		$	24,697		$	26,655
Deferred contract acquisition costs, current	$	8,943		$	8,701		$	8,943		$	8,701
Deferred contract acquisition costs, noncurrent		15,754			17,954			15,754			17,954
Total deferred costs to obtain a contract	$	24,697		$	26,655		$	24,697		$	26,655

Costs to Fulfill a Contract

The following table represents a roll forward of costs to fulfill a contract:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Beginning balance	$	4,626		$	5,805		$	5,523		$	5,427
Additions to deferred costs to fulfill a contract during the period		-			468			-			1,551
Amortization of deferred costs to fulfill a contract		(445	)		(340	)		(1,342	)		(1,045	)
Ending balance	$	4,181		$	5,933		$	4,181		$	5,933
Deferred fulfillment costs, current		1,658			1,754			1,658			1,754
Deferred fulfillment costs, noncurrent		2,523			4,179			2,523			4,179
Total deferred costs to fulfill a contract	$	4,181		$	5,933		$	4,181		$	5,933

17

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

NOTE 4:   MARKETABLE SECURITIES

The following is a summary of available-for-sale marketable securities as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023
	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Fair Value
Available-for-sale – matures within one year:
Corporate bonds	$	6,426	$	-	$	(4	)	$	6,422
Agency bonds		10,004		1		(20	)		9,985
U.S. Treasury		7,887		1		(2	)		7,886
Commercial paper		10,791		-		-			10,791
		35,108		2		(26	)		35,084
Available-for-sale – matures after one year:
U.S. Treasury		1,904		-		(2	)		1,902
		1,904		-		(2	)		1,902
Total	$	37,012	$	2	$	(28	)	$	36,986

	December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Available-for-sale – matures within one year:
Corporate bonds	$	9,305	$	-	$	(66	)	$	9,239
Municipal securities		1,751		-		(4	)		1,747
U.S. Treasury		16,306		-		(111	)		16,195
Commercial paper		11,237		-		-			11,237
Agency bonds		2,925		1		(1	)		2,925
	$	41,524	$	1	$	(182	)	$	41,343

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company did not record an allowance for credit losses for its available-for-sale marketable debt securities and the vast majority of the gross unrealized losses of the Company's marketable securities have been in a continuous loss position for less than 12 months. There were no gains or losses from available-for-sale marketable securities that were reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss during the periods presented.

NOTE 5:   FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

In accordance with ASC 820, the Company measures its cash equivalents and marketable securities at fair value using the market approach valuation technique. Cash equivalents and marketable securities are classified within Level 1 or Level 2 because these assets are valued using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs. Foreign currency derivative contracts are classified within the Level 2 value hierarchy, as the valuation inputs are based on quoted prices and market observable data of similar instruments.

18

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

The following table sets forth the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 by level within the fair value hierarchy:

		Fair Value Measurements As Of
Description	Fair Value Hierarchy	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	Level 1	$	16,892	$	16,489
U.S. Treasury	Level 2	$	1,991	$	-
Short-term marketable securities:
Corporate bonds	Level 2	$	6,422	$	9,239
Municipal securities	Level 2	$	-	$	1,747
U.S. Treasury	Level 2	$	7,886	$	16,195
Commercial paper	Level 2	$	10,791	$	11,237
Agency bonds	Level 2	$	9,985	$	2,925
Long-term marketable securities:
U.S. Treasury	Level 2	$	1,902	$	-
Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Restricted bank deposits	Level 2	$	2,600	$	2,600
Options and forward contracts designated as hedging instruments	Level 2	$	30	$	-
Other assets, noncurrent:
Restricted bank deposit	Level 2	$	973	$	-
Liabilities:
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities:
Options and forward contracts designated as hedging instruments	Level 2	$	685	$	120

19

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

NOTE 6:   DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING

The Company entered into forward, put and call option contracts to hedge certain forecasted payroll costs denominated in NIS against exchange rate fluctuations of the U.S. dollar for a period of up to twelve months. The Company recorded the cash flows associated with these derivatives under operating activities. The Company does not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Notional Amount of Foreign Currency Contracts

The Company had outstanding contracts designated as hedging instruments in the aggregate notional amount of $15,888 as of September 30, 2023 and $8,345 as of December 31, 2022. The fair value of the Company’s outstanding contracts amounted to a liability of $685 and $120 as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and to an asset of $30 as of September 30, 2023. These liabilities and assets were recorded under accrued expenses and other current liabilities and prepaid expenses and other current assets. Losses of $427, $472, $1,599 and $1,047 were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Such losses were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss when the related expenses were incurred.

Effect of Foreign Currency Contracts on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

The effect of foreign currency contracts on the condensed consolidated statements of operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

Condensed Statement of Operations Location:	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023		Three Months Ended September 30, 2022		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Cost of revenue	$	60	$	76	$	222	$	171
Research and development		225		235		835		529
Sales and marketing		53		59		206		144
General and administrative		89		81		308		182
Restructuring		-		21		28		21
Total	$	427	$	472	$	1,599	$	1,047

20

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

NOTE 7:   LEASES

The Company leases its office facilities under non-cancelable agreements that expire at various dates through November 2027. The Company has a lease agreement for offices in Israel which includes two extension options for five years each. The Company estimates that it is reasonably certain that it will exercise the option for the first extension period. Therefore, for the purposes of determining the amount of the expense and the value of the right of use asset and lease liability according to ASC 842, the Company determined that the lease term would end in November 2032.

Components of operating lease expense were as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023		Three Months Ended September 30, 2022		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	700	$	1,026	$	2,188	$	2,309
Short-term lease cost		-		154		154		261
Variable lease cost		18		1		58		19
Total	$	718	$	1,181	$	2,400	$	2,589

Supplementary cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023		Three Months Ended September 30, 2022		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Cash paid for operating leases	$	987	$	271	$	2,464	$	1,614

As of September 30, 2023, the weighted-average discount rate is 4.7% and the weighted-average remaining term is 8.33 years. Maturities of the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2023 were as follows:

Year Ending December 31,
2023 (Remainder)		823
2024		2,953
2025		3,010
2026		3,072
2027		2,639
2028		2,256
2029 and thereafter		8,649
Total operating lease payments		23,402
Less: imputed interest		3,484
Total operating lease liabilities	$	19,918

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KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

NOTE 8:   COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Purchase Commitments

The Company has entered into various non-cancelable agreements with third-party providers for use of mainly cloud and other services, under which it committed to minimum and fixed purchases through the year ending December 31, 2026. The following table presents details of the aggregate future non-cancelable purchase commitments under such agreements as of September 30, 2023:

Year Ending December 31,
2023 (Remainder)		2,824
2024		25,993
2025		25,389
2026		26,830
Total purchase commitment	$	81,036

Litigation

The Company is occasionally a party to claims or litigation in the normal course of the business. The Company does not believe that it is a party to any pending legal proceeding that is likely to have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, or results of operations.

NOTE 9:   CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Prepaid expenses	$	3,589	$	3,369
Government institutions		12		422
Restricted bank deposits		2,600		2,600
Derivative instrument		30		-
Other current assets		1,199		1,130
	$	7,430	$	7,521

22

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

Property and Equipment, net

Composition of property and equipment is as follows:

	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Cost:
Computers and peripheral equipment	$	4,601		$	4,323
Office furniture and equipment		2,290			551
Leasehold improvements		6,872			1,965
Finance leases of computers and peripheral equipment		254			253
Internal use software		13,755			12,095
		27,772			19,187
Accumulated depreciation		(7,009	)		(4,045	)
Depreciated cost	$	20,763		$	15,142

Depreciation expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were $1,128, $380, $2,973 and $1,350, respectively.

Other assets, noncurrent

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Restricted cash	$	100	$	1,208
Severance pay fund	$	1,570	$	1,855
Restricted deposit	$	973	$	-
Other	$	267	$	113
	$	2,910	$	3,176

23

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accrued expenses	$	6,756	$	7,471
Accrued taxes		8,945		7,966
Derivative instruments		685		120
Other current liabilities		798		970
	$	17,184	$	16,527

NOTE 10:   GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

There were no impairment charges to goodwill during the periods presented.

The carrying amounts and accumulated amortization expenses of the intangible assets, as of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, were as follows:

	September 30, 2023					December 31, 2022
	Weighted average remaining useful life (in years)		Balance			Balance
Gross carrying amount:
Technology		2.50	$	4,700		$	4,700
Customer relationship		4.50		2,419			2,419
Tradename		0.67		980			980
				8,099			8,099
Accumulated amortization and impairments:
Technology				(4,068	)		(3,749	)
Customer relationship				(2,243	)		(2,203	)
Tradename				(980	)		(903	)
				(7,291	)		(6,855	)
Intangible assets, net			$	808		$	1,244

24

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded amortization expenses in the amount of $120, $141, and $436, $524, respectively, included in cost of revenue and sales and marketing expenses in the statements of operations.

The estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of September 30, 2023, is as follows:

	Year Ending December 31,
2023 (Remainder)	$	119
2024		478
2025		148
2026		50
2027		13
	$	808

NOTE 11:   INCOME TAXES

The Company recognized an income tax expense of $2,507, $1,589, $7,510 and $5,756 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The tax expense for these periods was primarily attributable to pre-tax foreign earnings. The Company’s effective tax rates of (31)%, (9)%, (28)% and (12)% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, differ from the U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to U.S. losses for which there is no benefit and the tax rate differences between the U.S. and foreign countries.

The Company has a full valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets. Deferred tax liability is from indefinite life goodwill intangibles. Management currently believes that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax regarding the tax loss carry forwards and other temporary differences will not be realized in the foreseeable future in the U.S.

NOTE 12:   NET LOSS PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Numerator:
Net loss	$	10,726	$	19,443	$	34,299	$	53,716
Total loss attributable to common stockholders	$	10,726	$	19,443	$	34,299	$	53,716
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic		139,186,364		132,185,026		137,033,800		129,919,489
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	$	0.08	$	0.15	$	0.25	$	0.41

25

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

Instruments potentially exercisable for common stock that were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the periods presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive are as follows:

	As of September 30,
	2023		2022
Outstanding stock options and RSUs		36,370,904		35,743,608

NOTE 13:   REPORTABLE SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

Reportable segments

ASC 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company's chief operating decision maker ("CODM") is its Chief Executive Officer. The Company's CODM does not regularly review asset information by segments and, therefore, the Company does not report asset information by segment.

The Company organizes its operations in two segments: Enterprise, Education and Technology and Media and Telecom. The Enterprise, Education and Technology segment represents products related to industry solutions for education customers, and media services (except for Media and Telecom customers). The Media and Telecom segment primarily represents TV solutions that are sold to media and telecom operators.

The measurement of the reportable operating segments is based on the same accounting principles applied in these financial statements, which includes certain corporate overhead allocations.

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Enterprise, Education and Technology		Media and Telecom		Total
Revenue	$	31,095	$	12,447	$	43,542
Gross profit	$	22,762	$	4,937	$	27,699
Operating expenses					$	36,013
Financial income, net					$	(95	)
Provision for income taxes					$	2,507
Net loss					$	10,726

26

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Enterprise, Education and Technology		Media and Telecom		Total
Revenue	$	30,056	$	10,995	$	41,051
Gross profit	$	21,218	$	5,157	$	26,375
Operating expenses					$	41,227
Financial expenses, net					$	3,002
Provision for income taxes					$	1,589
Net loss					$	19,443

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Enterprise, Education and Technology		Media and Telecom		Total
Revenue	$	93,583	$	37,111	$	130,694
Gross profit	$	68,625	$	14,962	$	83,587
Operating expenses					$	113,423
Financial income, net					$	(3,047	)
Provision for income taxes					$	7,510
Net loss					$	34,299

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Enterprise, Education and Technology		Media and Telecom		Total
Revenue	$	90,186	$	34,559	$	124,745
Gross profit	$	62,685	$	16,649	$	79,334
Operating expenses					$	124,349
Financial expenses, net					$	2,945
Provision for income taxes					$	5,756
Net loss					$	53,716

Geographical information

See Note 3 for disaggregated revenue by geographic region.

27

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

NOTE 14:   LOAN

In January 2021, the Company refinanced all amounts outstanding under the existing loan agreements, terminated all outstanding commitments, and entered into a new credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with an existing lender, which provides for a new senior secured term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $40,000 (the “Term Loan Facility”) and a new senior secured revolving credit facility in the aggregate principal amount of $10,000 (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and, together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Credit Facilities”).

In June 2021, the Company entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement (the “First Amendment”). Pursuant to the First Amendment, the Company borrowed an additional aggregate principal amount of $12,500 and increased commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility to $35,000.

In December 2021, the Company repaid in full its outstanding principal amount under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the total commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility are available for future borrowings.

In May 2023, the Company entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement to replace the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the benchmark rate under the Credit Agreement. Prior to the Fourth Amendment, borrowings under the credit agreement would bear interest, at the Company's election, at (a) the Eurodollar Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement as in effect prior to the Fourth Amendment) plus a margin of 3.50% or (b) Alternative Base Rate (“ABR”) (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus a margin of 2.50%.

Following the effectiveness of the Fourth Amendment, borrowings under the Credit Facilities bear interest, determined as follows: (a) SOFR loans accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to Term SOFR (aas defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 0.10% per annum plus a margin of 3.50% (the Adjusted Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) is subject to a 1.00% floor), and (b) ABR loans accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to the ABR plus a margin of 2.50% (ABR is equal to the highest of (i) the prime rate and (ii) the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.50%, subject to a 2.00% floor). As of September 30, 2023, the current rate of interest under the Credit Facilities was equal to a rate per annum of 8.92%, consisting of 5.32% (the 3-month SOFR rate as of September 30, 2023), 0.10% credit spread adjustment and the margin of 3.50%.

The Term Loan Facility is payable in consecutive quarterly installments on the last day of each fiscal quarter in an amount equal to (i) $250 for installments payable on April 1, 2021, through December 31, 2021 (ii) $750 for installments payable on March 31, 2022 through December 31, 2022, and (iii) $1,500 for installments payable on and after March 31, 2023. The remaining unpaid balance on the Term Loan Facility is due and payable on January 14, 2024, together with accrued and unpaid interest on the principal amount to be paid to, but excluding, the payment date. Amounts outstanding under the Credit Facilities may be voluntarily prepaid at any time and from time to time, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty. The Company currently expects to amend the Credit Agreement to, among other things, extend the term of the Credit Facilities.

Under the terms of the Credit Facilities, the Company is obligated to maintain certain covenants as defined therein. As of September 30, 2023, the Company met these covenants.

The aggregate principal annual maturities according to the Credit Facilities agreements are as follows:

Year Ending December 31,
2023 (Remainder)		1,500
2024		30,000
	$	31,500

The carrying amounts of the loans approximate their fair value.

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KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

NOTE 15: STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND EQUITY INCENTIVE PLANS

Equity Incentive Plans

On January 1, 2023, the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2021 Incentive Award Plan (the “2021 Plan”) automatically increased by 6,728,221 shares pursuant to the terms of the 2021 Plan.

Stock Options

A summary of the Company's stock option activity with respect to options granted under the 2021 Plan is as follows:

	Number of Options			Weighted Average exercise price		Weighted remaining contractual term (years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of January 1, 2023		25,988,465		$	4.56		7.75	$	6,285
Granted		-		$	-
Exercised		(1,537,522	)	$	0.67			$	1,953
Forfeited		(604,942	)	$	3.74
Outstanding as of September 30, 2023		23,846,001		$	4.83		6.50	$	4,713
Exercisable options at end of the period		16,924,967		$	2.70		6.17	$	4,713

RSUs

The following table summarizes the RSU activity with respect to the 2021 Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

	RSUs Outstanding			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022		7,469,000		$	2.72
RSUs granted		10,080,413		$	2.06
RSUs vested		(4,173,138	)	$	2.46
RSUs forfeited		(851,372	)	$	2.75
Unvested and Outstanding as of September 30, 2023		12,524,903		$	2.27

29

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The stock-based compensation expense by line item in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations is summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Cost of revenue	$	295	$	297	$	827	$	1,068
Research and development	$	1,162	$	1,096	$	3,439	$	3,236
Sales and marketing	$	776	$	1,058	$	2,347	$	2,969
General and administrative	$	5,137	$	3,648	$	15,343	$	10,554
Total expenses	$	7,370	$	6,099	$	21,956	$	17,827

As of September 30, 2023, there were $36,795 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-based compensation arrangements granted under the Company's equity incentive plans. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately two years.

Shares Reserved for Future Issuance

The Company has the following common stock reserved for future issuance under the 2021 Plan:

	September 30, 2023
Outstanding options		23,846,001
Outstanding RSUs		12,524,903
Shares reserved under 2021 Plan		3,596,384
Total		39,967,288

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KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

NOTE 16: SELECTED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022		2023			2022
Financial income:
Interest income	$	689		$	322	$	1,813		$	493
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net	$	410		$	-	$	4,402		$	-
	$	1,099		$	322	$	6,215		$	493
Financial expenses:
Bank fees	$	28		$	36	$	115		$	112
Interest expense	$	789		$	594	$	2,400		$	1,581
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net	$	-		$	2,483	$	-		$	1,179
Other	$	187		$	211	$	653		$	566
	$	1,004		$	3,324	$	3,168		$	3,438
Financial expenses (income), net	$	(95	)	$	3,002	$	(3,047	)	$	2,945

NOTE 17:   ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The following table summarize the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component, net of tax (AOCI), during the nine months ended September 30 2023:

	Net Unrealized Gains on Available-for-Sale Securities Instruments			Net Unrealized Losses on Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2022;	$	(181	)	$	(120	)	$	(301	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	$	155		$	(2,166	)	$	(2,011	)
Net realized losses reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	$	-		$	1,630		$	1,630
Other comprehensive loss	$	155		$	(536	)	$	(381	)
Balance as of September 30, 2023	$	(26	)	$	(656	)	$	(682	)

31

KALTURA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss (income) by component, net of tax, during the nine months ended September 30 2022:

	Net Unrealized Losses on Available-for-Sale Securities Instruments			Net Unrealized Losses on Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2021;	$	-		$	-		$	-
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	$	(245	)	$	(1,632	)	$	(1,877	)
Net realized losses reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	$	-		$	1,136		$	1,136
Other comprehensive loss	$	(245	)	$	(496	)	$	(741	)
Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	(245	)	$	(496	)	$	(741	)

NOTE 18:   RESTRUCTURING ACTIVITIES

2022 Restructuring Plan

On August 7, 2022, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a cost-reduction and re-organization plan (the “2022 Restructuring Plan”) that included, among other things, downsizing around 10% of the Company's employees. The Company does not expect to incur additional costs related to the 2022 Restructuring Plan. For the nine months ended September 30 2022, the Company incurred total of $884 for severance charges, The Company does not expect to incur additional costs related to the 2022 Restructuring Plan.

2023 Reorganization Plan

On January 3, 2023, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a re-organization plan (the “2023 Reorganization Plan”) that included, among other things, downsizing approximately 11% of the Company’s workforce and adapting the Company's organizational structure, roles, and responsibilities accordingly.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, in connection with the 2023 Reorganization Plan, the Company recorded expenses of $973, all for one-time employee termination benefits. The Company does not expect to incur additional costs related to the 2023 Reorganization Plan.

Restructuring Accruals

The following table is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending restructuring liability for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, related to the 2022 Restructuring Plan and the 2023 Reorganization Plan.

	EE&T			M&T			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	273		$	2		$	275
Accrual and accrual adjustments	$	553		$	420		$	973
Cash payments	$	(826	)	$	(422	)	$	(1,248	)
Balance as of September 30, 2023	$	-		$	-		$	-

The restructuring liability for severance and termination benefits is reflected in "Employees and payroll accruals" in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2023.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on February 24, 2023 (the "2022 10-K"). This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current plans, expectations and beliefs involving risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our 2022 10-K and other factors set forth in Part II, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" and other parts of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Overview

Our mission is to power any video experience, for any organization. Our Video Experience Cloud powers live, real-time, and on-demand video for webinars, events, virtual classrooms, and video sites. We also offer robust Application Programming Interfaces ("APIs") and Software Development Kits ("SDKs") for developers and industry solutions for education and media and telecom. Our Video Experience Cloud is used by leading brands across all industries, reaching millions of users, at home, at school and at work, for communication, collaboration, marketing, sales, customer care, learning, and entertainment experiences. With our flexible offerings, customers can experience the benefits of video across a wide range of use cases, while customizing their deployments to meet their individual, dynamic needs.

Our business was founded in 2006.

We generate revenue primarily through the sale of Software-as-a-Service ("SaaS") and Platform-as-a-Service ("PaaS") subscriptions, and additional revenue from term license subscriptions. We also generate revenue through the sale of professional services associated with the implementation of deployments for new and existing customers.

In August 2022, our Board of Directors approved a strategic restructuring program (the “2022 Restructuring Plan”) to streamline our operations in order to support our investment in critical growth areas. The 2022 Restructuring Plan included, among other things, a workforce reduction of approximately 10% of our employees. In connection with the 2022 Restructuring Plan, during the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded expenses of $1,238, all for one-time employee termination benefits. The 2022 Restructuring Plan was substantially completed in 2022. On January 3, 2023, our Board of Directors approved a re-organization plan (the “2023 Reorganization Plan” and together with the 2022 Restructuring Plan, the “Reorganization Plans”) that included, among other things, downsizing an additional 11% of our workforce and adapting our organizational structure, roles, and responsibilities accordingly. The total cost reduction from the downsizing in connection with the 2023 Reorganization Plan on an annualized basis is expected to be approximately $16 million. The 2023 Reorganization Plan focused on realigning our operations to further increase efficiency and productivity, in reaction to the current macro-economic climate. The 2023 Reorganization Plan's main objectives were to position the Company for lower demand, spend, and available budgets across our market segments, align our business strategy in light of these market conditions and support our growth initiatives and return path to profitability. In connection with the 2023 Reorganization Plan, we incurred pre-tax charges of approximately $1 million as of September 30, 2023.

The 2023 Reorganization Plan was substantially completed in the first half of 2023. See Note 18, Restructuring Activities, for further information.

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We organize our business into two reporting segments: (i) Enterprise, Education, and Technology (“EE&T”); and (ii) Media and Telecom (“M&T”). These segments share a common underlying platform consisting of our API-based architecture, as well as unified product development, operations, and administrative resources.
 

• Enterprise, Education & Technology: Includes revenues from all of our products, industry solutions for education customers, and Media Services (except for media and telecom customers), as well as associated professional services for those offerings. Subscription revenues are primarily generated on a per full-time equivalent basis for on-demand and live products and solutions, per host basis for real-time-conferencing products and solutions, and per participant basis for the Events product (which intersects on-demand, live, and real-time-conferencing video). Contracts are generally 12 to 24 months in length. Billing is primarily done on an annual basis.

• Media & Telecom: Includes revenues from our TV Solution and Media Services for media and telecom customers, as well as associated professional services for those offerings. Revenues are generated on a per end-subscriber basis for telecom customers, and on a per video play basis for media customers. Contracts are generally two to five years in length. Billing is generally done on a quarterly or annual basis. It generally takes from six to 12 months to implement M&T offerings. The upfront resources required for implementation of our Media & Telecom solutions generally exceed those of our other offerings, resulting in a longer period from initial booking to go-live and a higher proportion of professional services revenue as a percentage of overall revenue. Additionally, a higher proportion of revenue comes from customers who choose to license our offerings through private cloud and on-premise deployments, which also impacts our gross margin. In the long-term, we expect the margins for this segment to improve due to the following: expected increase in the ratio of subscription revenue to professional services with scale, improved efficiencies of both production and professional services costs.

Reflected below is a summary of reportable segment revenue and reportable segment gross profit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
	(in thousands)
Revenue
Enterprise, Education & Technology	$	31,095	$	30,056	$	93,583	$	90,186
Media & Telecom		12,447		10,995		37,111		34,559
Total Revenue	$	43,542	$	41,051	$	130,694	$	124,745
Gross Profit
Enterprise, Education & Technology		22,762		21,218		68,625		62,685
Media & Telecom		4,937		5,157		14,962		16,649
Total Gross Profit	$	27,699	$	26,375	$	83,587	$	79,334

We employ a "land and expand" strategy with the aim of having our customers increase their usage of our offerings and/or purchase additional offerings over time. Our ability to expand within our existing customer base is reflected by our Net Dollar Retention Rate (as defined below). For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, our Net Dollar Retention Rate was 101% and 96%, respectively. We grew our Annualized Recurring Revenue (as defined below) by 7% in the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022, demonstrating our ability to land new customers with higher spending levels and increase revenue from our existing customers.

For any given year, a large majority of our revenue comes from existing customers, with whom we are in active dialogue and tend to have visibility into their expected usage of our offerings.

We focus our selling efforts on large organizations and sell our solutions primarily through direct sales teams and account teams. In addition, we are investing in low-touch and self-serve offerings for smaller customers.

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Impact of COVID-19/Macroeconomic Events

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the market demand for our solutions was growing at a robust rate, with numerous tailwinds for long-term growth, and that demand accelerated mainly in 2021 as a result of the pandemic. As the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic subsided in 2022 and the worsening economic climate and recession headwinds led to lower demand, we did not see this rapid growth trend continue in 2022 and 2023. Moreover, due to the ongoing distressed economic climate we expect to face lower demand, spend, and available budgets across our market segments, and other adverse effects, although we cannot predict nor fully assess the actual impact, length and depth of such downturn. In order to adapt to these changes, we adopted the Reorganization Plans as elaborated above, that included, among other things, downsizing our workforce and adapting our organizational structure, roles, and responsibilities accordingly. In particular, the 2023 Reorganization Plan focused on realigning our operations to further increase efficiency and productivity, in reaction to the current macro-economic climate. As market fluctuations have not yet stabilized, it is not possible at this time to estimate the ultimate impact and results of these developments on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

For additional information, see Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Business and Industry—We may not be able to successfully assess or mitigate the worsening economic climate and its direct and indirect impact on our business and operations, including our customers and vendors, or to correctly predict the duration and depth of the current instability of the global economy and take the right or sufficient measures to address it, and as a result our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects would be adversely affected” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and Industry—The COVID-19 pandemic could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations” in our 2022 10-K.

Key Factors Affecting Our Performance

Expansion of our Platform

We believe our platform is ideally suited for expansion across solutions, industries, and use cases. For example, in 2020, we entered the real-time conferencing market with the introduction of our Virtual and Hybrid Events, Webinars, and Online Learning products, focusing on learning, training, events, and marketing. In 2021 and 2022 we expanded the capabilities of our Virtual and Hybrid Events product to support a broader range of event types and use cases and fitted them to also address low-touch and self-serve sales, which we are developing and investing in. Throughout 2023, we plan to focus on our goal of expanding our range of existing artificial intelligence (“AI”) services with generative AI capabilities across our products, platform and partner ecosystem. We believe these products present a significant long-term opportunity, and we intend to harness our growing presence with them. Additionally, we will continue to invest in new video products for training, communication and collaboration, sales, marketing, and customer care, as we extend our platform into more industries

Acquiring New Customers

We are focused on continuing to grow the number of customers that use our solutions. Additionally, we are investing in low-touch and self-serve offerings that can be sold by inside-sales teams or completely online, as well as in distribution channels. We believe this will enable us to efficiently acquire smaller customers across all industries – beyond large enterprises into small and medium-sized enterprises, beyond universities into K-12 schools, beyond tier 1 media and telecom companies to tier 2 and 3 media and telecom companies, and beyond providing Media Services to large technology companies to also addressing smaller technology firms and startups.

Increasing Revenue from Existing Customers

We are focused on increasing sales within our existing customer base through increased usage of our platform and the cross-selling of additional products and solutions. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, our Net Dollar Retention was 101%. In order for us to increase revenue within our customer base, we will need to maintain engineering-level customer support and continue to introduce new products and features as well as innovative new use cases that are tailored to our customers' needs.

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Continued Investment in Growth

Although we have invested significantly in our business to date, we believe that we still have a significant market opportunity ahead of us. We intend to continue to make investments to support the growth and expansion of our business and to increase revenue. We believe there is a significant opportunity to continue our growth. We expect that our cost of revenue and operating expenses will fluctuate over time.

Key Financial and Operating Metrics

We measure our business using both financial and operating metrics. We use these metrics to assess the progress of our business, make decisions on where to allocate capital, time, and technology investments, and assess the near-term and long-term performance of our business. The key financial and operating metrics we use are:

	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Annualized Recurring Revenue	$	163,069		$	152,926
Net Dollar Retention Rate		101	%		96	%
Remaining Performance Obligations	$	163,995		$	169,183

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Annualized Recurring Revenue

We use Annualized Recurring Revenue ("ARR") as a measure of our revenue trend and an indicator of our future revenue opportunity from existing recurring customer contracts. We calculate ARR by annualizing our recurring revenue for the most recently completed fiscal quarter. Recurring revenues are generated from SaaS and PaaS subscriptions, as well as term licenses for software installed on the customer’s premises (“On-Prem”). For the SaaS and PaaS components, we calculate ARR by annualizing the actual recurring revenue recognized for the latest fiscal quarter. For the On-Prem components for which revenue recognition is not ratable across the license term, we calculate ARR for each contract by dividing the total contract value (excluding professional services) as of the last day of the specified period by the number of days in the contract term and then multiplying by 365. Recurring revenue excludes revenue from one-time professional services and setup fees. ARR is not adjusted for the impact of any known or projected future customer cancellations, upgrades or downgrades, or price increases or decreases.

The amount of actual revenue that we recognize over any 12-month period is likely to differ from ARR at the beginning of that period, sometimes significantly. This may occur due to new bookings, cancellations, upgrades or downgrades, pending renewals, professional services revenue, foreign exchange rate fluctuations and acquisitions or divestitures. ARR should be viewed independently of revenue as it is an operating metric and is not intended to be a replacement or forecast of revenue. Our calculation of ARR may differ from similarly titled metrics presented by other companies.

Net Dollar Retention Rate

Our Net Dollar Retention Rate, which we use to measure our success in retaining and growing recurring revenue from our existing customers, compares our recognized recurring revenue from a set of customers across comparable periods. We calculate our Net Dollar Retention Rate for a given period as the recognized recurring revenue from the latest reported fiscal quarter from the set of customers whose revenue existed in the reported fiscal quarter from the prior year (the numerator), divided by recognized recurring revenue from such customers for the same fiscal quarter in the prior year (denominator). For annual periods, we report Net Dollar Retention Rate as the arithmetic average of the Net Dollar Retention Rate for all fiscal quarters included in the period. We consider subdivisions of the same legal entity (for example, divisions of a parent company or separate campuses that are part of the same state university system) to be a single customer for purposes of calculating our Net Dollar Retention Rate. Our calculation of Net Dollar Retention Rate for any fiscal period includes the positive recognized recurring revenue impacts of selling new services to existing customers and the negative recognized recurring revenue impacts of contraction and attrition among this set of customers. Our Net Dollar Retention Rate may fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including the growing level of our revenue base, the level of penetration within our customer base, expansion of products and features, and our ability to retain our customers. Our calculation of Net Dollar Retention Rate may differ from similarly titled metrics presented by other companies.

Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining Performance Obligations represents the amount of contracted future revenue that has not yet been delivered, including both subscription and professional services revenues. Remaining Performance Obligations consists of both deferred revenue and contracted non-cancelable amounts that will be invoiced and recognized in future periods. As of September 30, 2023, our Remaining Performance Obligations was $164.0 million, which consists of both billed consideration in the amount of $59.8 million and unbilled consideration in the amount of $104.2 million that we expect to invoice and recognize in future periods. We expect to recognize 59% of our Remaining Performance Obligations as revenue over the next 12 months and the remainder thereafter, in each case, in accordance with our revenue recognition policy.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to our results determined in accordance with GAAP, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, is useful in evaluating the performance of our business.

37

We define EBITDA as net profit (loss) before interest expense, net, provision for income taxes and depreciation and amortization expenses. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA (as defined above), adjusted for the impact of certain non-cash and other items that we believe are not indicative of our core operating performance, such as non-cash stock-based compensation expenses, facility exit and transition costs and restructuring.

Adjusted EBITDA is a supplemental measure of our performance, is not defined by or presented in accordance with GAAP, and should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to net profit (loss) or any other performance measure prepared in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA is presented because we believe that it provides useful supplemental information to investors and analysts regarding our operating performance and is frequently used by these parties in evaluating companies in our industry. By presenting Adjusted EBITDA, we provide a basis for comparison of our business operations between periods by excluding items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. We believe that investors’ understanding of our performance is enhanced by including this non-GAAP financial measure as a reasonable basis for comparing our ongoing results of operations. Additionally, our management uses Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure of our performance because it assists us in comparing the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis between periods, as described above.

Although we use EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, as described above, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, have significant limitations as analytical tools. Some of these limitations include:

• such measures do not reflect our cash expenditures, or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

• such measures do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

• such measures do not reflect the interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our debt;

• such measures do not reflect our tax expense or the cash requirements to pay our taxes;

• although depreciation and amortization expense and non-cash stock-based compensation expense are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future and such measures do not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements; and

• other companies in our industry may calculate such measures differently than we do, thereby further limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.

Due to these limitations, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as measures of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using these non-GAAP measures only supplementally. Adjusted EBITDA includes an adjustment for non-cash stock-based compensation expenses. It is reasonable to expect that this item will occur in future periods. However, we believe this adjustment is appropriate because the amount recognized can vary significantly from period to period, does not directly relate to the ongoing operations of our business, and complicates comparisons of our internal operating results between periods and with the operating results of other companies over time. Each of the normal recurring adjustments and other adjustments described above help to provide management with a measure of our core operating performance over time by removing items that are not related to day-to-day operations. Nevertheless, because of the limitations described above, management does not view EBITDA, or Adjusted EBITDA in isolation and also uses other measures, such as revenue, operating loss, and net loss, to measure operating performance.

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The following table reconciles EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to the most directly comparable GAAP financial performance measure, which is net loss:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
	(in thousands)
Net loss	$	(10,726	)	$	(19,443	)	$	(34,299	)	$	(53,716	)
Financial expenses (income), net (a)		(95	)		3,002			(3,047	)		2,945
Provision for income taxes		2,507			1,589			7,510			5,756
Depreciation and amortization		1,248			521			3,409			1,874
EBITDA		(7,066	)		(14,331	)		(26,427	)		(43,141	)
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense		7,370			6,099			21,956			17,827
Facility exit and transition costs (b)		—			154			154			367
Restructuring (c)		5			884			973			884
Adjusted EBITDA	$	309		$	(7,194	)	$	(3,344	)	$	(24,063	)

(a) The three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, include $789, $594, $2,400 and $1,581 respectively, of interest expenses.

(b) Facility exit and transition costs for the three months ended September 30, 2022, and the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, include losses from sale of fixed assets and other costs associated with moving to our temporary office in Israel.

(c) The three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 include one-time employee termination benefits incurred in connection with the 2023 Reorganization Plan and the 2022 Restructuring Plan .

Components of Our Results of Operations

Revenue

Subscriptions

Our revenues are mainly comprised of revenue from SaaS and PaaS subscriptions. SaaS and PaaS subscriptions provide access to our Video Experience Cloud which powers all types of video experiences: live, real-time, and on-demand video. We provide access to our platform either as a cloud-based service, which represent most of our SaaS and PaaS subscriptions, or, less commonly, as a term license to software installed on the customer's premises. Revenue from SaaS and PaaS subscriptions is recognized ratably over the time of the subscription, beginning from the date on which the customer is granted access to our Video Experience Cloud. Revenue from the sale of a term license is recognized at a point in time in which the license is delivered to the customer. Revenue from post-contract services ("PCS") included in On-Prem deals is recognized ratably over the period of the PCS.

Professional Services

Our revenue also includes professional services, which consist of consulting, integration and customization services, technical solution services and training related to our video experience. In some of our arrangements, professional services are accounted for as a separate performance obligation, and revenue is recognized upon rendering of the service.

In some of our SaaS and PaaS subscriptions, we determined that the professional services are solely set up activities that do not transfer goods or services to the customer and therefore are not accounted for as a separate performance obligation and are recognized ratably over the time of the subscription.

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Cost of Revenue

Cost of subscription revenue consists primarily of employee-related costs including payroll, benefits and stock-based compensation expense for operations and customer support teams, costs of cloud hosting providers and other third-party service providers, amortization of capitalized software development costs and acquired technology or licenses and allocated overhead costs.

Cost of professional services consists primarily of personnel costs of our professional services organization, including payroll, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense, allocated overhead costs and other third-party service providers.

The costs associated with providing professional services are significantly higher as a percentage of related revenue than the costs associated with delivering our subscriptions due to the labor costs of providing professional services. As such, the implementation and professional services costs relating to an arrangement with a new customer are more significant than the costs to renew an existing customer’s license and support arrangement.

Cost of revenue increased in absolute dollars from the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, our cost of revenue was $15,843, $14,676, $47,107 and $45,411, respectively.

Gross Margins

Gross margins have been and will continue to be affected by a variety of factors, including the average sales price of our products and services, volume growth, the mix of revenue between SaaS and PaaS subscriptions, software licenses, maintenance and support and professional services, onboarding of new media and telecom customers, hosting of major virtual events and changes in cloud infrastructure and personnel costs. In particular, the gross margins in our M&T segment have been negatively impacted due to the resources required for implementation of our TV Solution and Media Services for TV experiences, which generally exceed those of our other offerings, resulting in a longer period from initial booking to go-live and a higher proportion of professional services revenue as a percentage of overall revenue. Additionally, a higher proportion of revenue comes from customers who choose to license our offerings through private cloud and on-premise deployments, which also impacts our gross margin. In the long-term, we expect the margins for this segment to improve due to the following: expected increase in the ratio of subscription revenue to professional services with scale, improved efficiencies of both production and professional services costs, and an increase in the proportion of revenues from media customers, which generally entail simpler deployments compared to telecom customers. However, in the near and medium term, our gross margins in our M&T segment will vary from period to period based on the onboarding of new customers, as well as the timing and aggregate usage of our solutions by such customers.

For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, our gross margins were 64% (73% for subscriptions and (80)% for professional services) and 64% (74% for subscriptions and (56)% for professional services), respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, our gross margins were 64% (73% for subscriptions and (60)% for professional services) and 64% (74% for subscriptions and (37)% for professional services), respectively.

For our EE&T segment, gross margins for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, were 73% (79% for subscription and (105)% for professional services), and 71% (78% for subscription and (88)% for professional services), respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, our gross margins were 73% (79% for subscriptions and (73)% for professional services) and 70% (77% for subscriptions and (50)% for professional services), respectively.

For our M&T segment, gross margins for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were 40% (55% for subscriptions and (63)% for professional services) and 47% (62% for subscriptions and (31)% for professional services), respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, our gross margins were 40% (56% for subscription and (52)% for professional services) and 48% (64% for subscription and (26)% for professional services), respectively.

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Research and Development

Our research and development expenses consist primarily of costs incurred for personnel-related expenses for our technical staff, including salaries and other direct personnel-related costs. Additional expenses include consulting and professional fees for third-party development resources and software subscriptions. We expect our research and development expenses in both absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue to stay relatively consistent for the near term and to decrease for the medium-term, as a result of improving efficiency and productivity while further dedicating substantial resources to develop, improve, and expand the functionality of our solutions.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Our sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel related costs for our sales and marketing functions, including salaries and other direct personnel-related costs, such as sales commissions. Additional expenses include marketing program costs and amortization of acquired customer relationships intangible assets. We expect our sales and marketing expenses to stay relatively consistent both on an absolute dollar basis and as a percentage of revenue for the near and medium-term, through improving efficiency and productivity while we continue our focused investment to support our growth.

General and Administrative Expenses

Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs for our executive, finance, human resources, information technology, and legal functions, including salaries and other direct personnel-related costs. We expect our general and administrative expenses to be stable near term and then decrease for the medium-term both on an absolute dollar basis and as a percentage of revenue, as a result of improved efficiency.

We allocate overhead costs such as rent, utilities, and supplies to all departments based on relative headcount to each operating expense category.

Financial Expenses (Income), Net

Financial expenses (income), net consists of interest expense accrued or paid on our indebtedness - net of interest income earned on our cash balances and marketable securities. Financial expenses, net also includes foreign exchange gains and losses and bank fees. We expect interest expenses to vary each reporting period depending on the amount of outstanding indebtedness and prevailing interest rates.

We expect interest income will vary in each reporting period depending on our average cash and marketable securities balances during the period and applicable interest rates.

Provision for Income Taxes

We are subject to taxes in the United States as well as other tax jurisdictions or countries in which we conduct business. Earnings from our non-U.S. activities are subject to local country income tax and may be subject to current U.S. income tax. Due to cumulative losses, we maintain a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. We consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, in assessing the extent to which a valuation allowance should be applied against our deferred tax assets. Realization of our U.S. deferred tax assets depends upon future earnings, the timing and amount of which are uncertain. Our effective tax rate is affected by tax rates in foreign jurisdictions and the relative amounts of income we earn in those jurisdictions, as well as non-deductible expenses, such as share-based compensation, and changes in our valuation allowance.

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Results of Operations

The following tables summarize key components of our results of operations for the periods presented. The period-to-period comparisons of our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future.

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Period-over-Period Change						Nine Months Ended September 30,					Period-over-Period Change
	2023			2022		Dollar			Percentage			2023			2022		Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)											(in thousands, except percentages)
Revenue:
Enterprise, Education & Technology	$	31,095		$	30,056	$	1,039			3	%	$	93,583		$	90,186	$	3,397			4	%
Media & Telecom		12,447			10,995		1,452			13	%		37,111			34,559		2,552			7	%
Total revenue		43,542			41,051		2,491			6	%		130,694			124,745		5,949			5	%
Cost of revenue		15,843			14,676		1,167			8	%		47,107			45,411		1,696			4	%
Total gross profit		27,699			26,375		1,324			5	%		83,587			79,334		4,253			5	%
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses		12,558			13,891		(1,333	)		(10	)%		39,663			43,205		(3,542	)		(8	)%
Sales and marketing expenses		11,683			15,040		(3,357	)		(22	)%		36,489			46,072		(9,583	)		(21	)%
General and administrative expenses		11,767			11,412		355			3	%		36,298			34,188		2,110			6	%
Restructuring		5			884		(879	)		(99	)%		973			884		89			10	%
Other operating expenses		—			—		—			0	%		—			—		—			0	%
Total operating expenses		36,013			41,227		(5,214	)		(13	)%		113,423			124,349		(10,926	)		(9	)%
Loss from operations		8,314			14,852		(6,538	)		(44	)%		29,836			45,015		(15,179	)		(34	)%
Financial expenses (income), net		(95	)		3,002		(3,097	)		(103	)%		(3,047	)		2,945		(5,992	)		(203	)%
Loss before provision for income taxes		8,219			17,854		(9,635	)		(54	)%		26,789			47,960		(21,171	)		(44	)%
Provision for income taxes		2,507			1,589		918			58	%		7,510			5,756		1,754			30	%
Net loss	$	10,726		$	19,443	$	(8,717	)		(45	)%	$	34,299		$	53,716	$	(19,417	)		(36	)%

Segments

We manage and report operating results through two reportable segments.

• Enterprise, Education & Technology (71% and 73% of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and 72% for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022): Our EE&T segment represents revenues from all of our products, industry solutions for education customers, and Media Services (except for M&T customers), as well as associated professional services for those offerings.

• Media & Telecom (29% and 27% of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and 28% for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022): Our M&T segment primarily represents revenues from our TV Solution and Media Services sold to media and telecom customers.
 

42

Comparison of the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

Enterprise, Education & Technology

The following table presents our EE&T segment revenue and gross profit (loss) for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Period-over-Period Change
	2023			2022			Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Enterprise, Education & Technology revenue:
Subscription revenue	$	30,043		$	28,676		$	1,367			5	%
Professional services revenue		1,052			1,380			(328	)		(24	)%
Total Enterprise, Education & Technology revenue	$	31,095		$	30,056		$	1,039			3	%
Enterprise, Education & Technology gross profit (loss):
Subscription gross profit	$	23,866		$	22,438		$	1,428			6	%
Professional services gross profit (loss)		(1,104	)		(1,220	)		116			(10	)%
Total Enterprise, Education & Technology gross profit	$	22,762		$	21,218		$	1,544			7	%

Enterprise, Education & Technology Revenue

Total EE&T revenue increased by $1.0 million, or 3%, to $31.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $30.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase is mainly due to a $1.8 million increase in revenue from new customers, partially offset by an $0.8 million decrease in revenue from existing customers.

EE&T subscription revenue increased by $1.4 million, or 5%, to $30.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $28.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

EE&T professional services revenue decreased by $0.3 million, or 24%, to $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease is mainly due to fewer large-scale virtual events of the type that typically require substantial professional services.

Enterprise, Education & Technology Gross Profit

EE&T gross profit increased by $1.5 million, or 7%, to $22.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $21.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. This increase was mainly due to a $1.0 million increase in revenue and decreased compensation costs as a result of lower headcount, offset by increased production costs associated mainly with subscription cloud costs, leading to a 2 percentage point increase in gross margin to 73% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from 71% for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

EE&T subscription gross profit increased by $1.4 million, or 6%, to $23.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $22.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase was mainly from the increase in subscription revenue and lower compensation costs, partially offset by an increase in production costs.

EE&T professional services gross loss decreased by $0.1 million, or 10%, to a gross loss of $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from a gross loss of $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. This decrease is mainly attributable to a $0.4 million decrease in professional services costs (mainly compensation costs), partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease in revenue.

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Media & Telecom

The following table presents our M&T segment revenue and gross profit for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Period-over-Period Change
	2023			2022			Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Media & Telecom revenue:
Subscription revenue	$	10,804		$	9,239		$	1,565			17	%
Professional services revenue		1,643			1,756			(113	)		(6	)%
Total Media & Telecom revenue	$	12,447		$	10,995		$	1,452			13	%
Media & Telecom gross profit (loss):
Subscription gross profit	$	5,977		$	5,705		$	272			5	%
Professional services gross profit (loss)		(1,040	)		(548	)		(492	)		90	%
Total Media & Telecom gross profit (loss)	$	4,937		$	5,157		$	(220	)		(4	)%

Media & Telecom Revenue

M&T revenue increased by $1.5 million, or 13%, to $12.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $11.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase is mainly attributable to a $0.5 million increase in revenue from existing customers, and an additional $0.9 million increase in revenue from new customers.

M&T subscription revenue increased by $1.6 million, or 17%, to $10.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $9.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

M&T professional services revenue decreased by $0.1 million, or 6%, to $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Media & Telecom Gross Profit

M&T gross profit decreased by $0.2 million, or 4%, to $4.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $5.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. This decrease was mainly due to a 7 percentage point decrease in gross margin to 40% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from 47% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, partially offset by a $1.5 million increase in revenue. The decrease in gross margin was attributable primarily to higher production costs as a percentage of subscription revenue and depreciation of an internal use software.

M&T subscription gross profit increased by $0.3 million, or 5%, to $6.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $5.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

M&T professional services gross loss increased by $0.5 million, or 90%, to a gross loss of $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from a gross loss of $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

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Operating Expenses

Research and Development expenses

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Period-over-Period Change
	2023		2022		Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Employee compensation	$	8,440	$	10,595	$	(2,155	)		(20	)%
Subcontractors and consultants		1,832		1,290		542			42	%
IT related		1,406		1,238		168			14	%
Other		880		768		112			15	%
Total research and development expenses	$	12,558	$	13,891	$	(1,333	)		(10	)%

Research and development expenses decreased by $1.3 million, or 10%, to $12.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $13.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a $2.2 million decrease in compensation expenses, which mainly related to lower headcount as a result of our Reorganization Plans.

Sales and Marketing expenses

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Period-over-Period Change
	2023		2022		Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Employee compensation & commission	$	9,380	$	12,517	$	(3,137	)		(25	)%
Marketing expenses		947		1,344		(397	)		(30	)%
Travel and entertainment		391		366		25			7	%
Other		965		813		152			19	%
Total sales and marketing expenses	$	11,683	$	15,040	$	(3,357	)		(22	)%

Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $3.4 million, or 22%, to $11.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $15.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a $3.2 million decrease in compensation related to lower headcount as result of our Reorganization Plans.

General and Administrative expenses

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Period-over-Period Change
	2023		2022		Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Employee compensation	$	8,677	$	7,757	$	920			12	%
Professional fees and insurance		980		1,488		(508	)		(34	)%
Subcontractors and consultants		225		362		(137	)		(38	)%
Travel and entertainment		222		102		120			118	%
Other		1,663		1,703		(40	)		(2	)%
Total general and administrative expenses	$	11,767	$	11,412	$	355			3	%

45

General and administrative expenses increased by $0.4 million, or 3%, to $11.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $11.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase was primarily due to a $0.9 million increase in compensation costs related to increased stock-based compensation expenses due to recent equity grants made to our executives, partially offset by a $0.5 million decrease in professional fees and insurance expenses.

Restructuring

Restructuring expenses were immaterial for the three months ended September 30, 2023, due to the 2023 Reorganization Plan being implemented in the first quarter of 2023, and primarily consisted of employee severance and related costs.

Financial Income, net

Financial Income, net increased by $3.1 million, to $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $3.0 million loss for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase was primarily due to $3.0 million related to exchange rate differences between the periods.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes increased by $0.9 million, or 58%, to $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to increased tax liability related to income generated by our subsidiaries organized under the laws of Israel and UK.

46

Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

Enterprise, Education & Technology

The following table presents our EE&T segment revenue and gross profit (loss) for the periods indicated:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,						Period-over-Period Change
	2023			2022			Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Enterprise, Education & Technology revenue:
Subscription revenue	$	90,175		$	84,558		$	5,617			7	%
Professional services revenue		3,408			5,628			(2,220	)		(39	)%
Total Enterprise, Education & Technology revenue		93,583			90,186			3,397			4	%
Enterprise, Education & Technology gross profit:
Subscription gross profit		71,105			65,473			5,632			9	%
Professional services gross profit (loss)		(2,480	)		(2,788	)		308			(11	)%
Total Enterprise, Education & Technology gross profit	$	68,625		$	62,685		$	5,940			9	%

Enterprise, Education & Technology Revenue

Total EE&T revenue increased by $3.4 million, or 4%, to $93.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $90.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase is mainly attributable to a $3.5 million increase in revenue from new customers partially offset by a $0.1 million decrease in revenue from existing customers.

EE&T subscription revenue increased by $5.6 million, or 7%, to $90.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $84.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

EE&T professional services revenue decreased by $2.2 million, or 39%, to $3.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 from $5.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease is mainly due to fewer large-scale virtual events of the type that typically require substantial professional services.

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Enterprise, Education & Technology Gross Profit

EE&T gross profit increased by $5.9 million, or 9%, to $68.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $62.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This increase was mainly due to a $3.4 million increase in revenue and an increase in the gross margin by 3 percentage points to 73% in the nine months ended September 30,2023 from 70% in the nine months ended September 30,2023 mainly due to higher efficiency in production and lower compensation costs as a result of our cost reduction measures.

EE&T subscription gross profit increased by $5.6 million, or 9%, to $71.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $65.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

EE&T professional services gross loss decreased by $0.3 million, or 11%, to a gross loss of $2.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from a gross loss of $2.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Media & Telecom

The following table presents our M&T segment revenue and gross profit for the periods indicated:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,						Period-over-Period Change
	2023			2022			Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Media & Telecom revenue:
Subscription revenue	$	31,787		$	28,346		$	3,441			12	%
Professional services revenue		5,324			6,213			(889	)		(14	)%
Total Media & Telecom revenue	$	37,111		$	34,559		$	2,552			7	%
Media & Telecom gross profit:
Subscription gross profit	$	17,751		$	18,239		$	(488	)		(3	)%
Professional services gross loss		(2,789	)		(1,590	)		(1,199	)		75	%
Total Media & Telecom gross profit	$	14,962		$	16,649		$	(1,687	)		(10	)%

Media & Telecom Revenue

M&T revenue increased by $2.6 million, or 7%, to $37.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $34.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase is mainly attributable to revenue from existing customers.

M&T subscription revenue increased by $3.4 million, or 12%, to $31.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $28.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

M&T professional services revenue decreased by $0.9 million, or 14%, to $5.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $6.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Media & Telecom Gross Profit

M&T gross profit decreased by $1.7 million, or 10%, to $15.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $16.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This decrease was mainly due to a decrease in gross margin to 40% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 from 48% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in gross margin was attributable primarily to an increase in production cost as a percentage of subscription revenue partially offset by a $2.6 million increase in revenue.

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M&T subscription gross profit decreased by $0.5 million, or 3%, to $17.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $18.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

M&T professional services gross loss increased by $1.2 million, or 75%, to $2.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Operating Expenses

Research and Development expenses

	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Period-over-Period Change
	2023		2022		Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Employee compensation	$	27,791	$	33,236	$	(5,445	)		(16	)%
Subcontractors and consultants		4,815		3,805		1,010			27	%
IT related		4,519		3,913		606			15	%
Other		2,538		2,251		287			13	%
Total research and development expenses	$	39,663	$	43,205	$	(3,542	)		(8	)%

Research and development expenses decreased by $3.5 million, or 8%, to $39.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $43.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a $5.4 million decrease in compensation expenses, which mainly related to lower headcount as a result of our Reorganization Plans .

Sales and Marketing expenses

	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Period-over-Period Change
	2023		2022		Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Employee compensation & commission	$	29,515	$	37,783	$	(8,268	)		(22	)%
Marketing expenses		3,007		4,113		(1,106	)		(27	)%
Travel and entertainment		1,226		718		508			71	%
Other		2,741		3,458		(717	)		(21	)%
Total sales and marketing expenses	$	36,489	$	46,072	$	(9,583	)		(21	)%

Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $9.6 million, or 21%, to $36.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $46.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a $8.9 million decrease in compensation which mainly related to lower headcount as a result of our Reorganization Plans, and a $1.1 million decrease in marketing related expenses.

General and Administrative expenses

	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Period-over-Period Change
	2023		2022		Dollar			Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Employee compensation	$	26,590	$	23,628	$	2,962			13	%
Professional fees and insurance		3,558		4,777		(1,219	)		(26	)%
Subcontractors and consultants		847		932		(85	)		(9	)%
Travel and entertainment		649		303		346			114	%
Gain on sale of property and equipment		—		—		—			*
Other		4,654		4,548		106			2	%
Total general and administrative expenses	$	36,298	$	34,188	$	2,110			6	%

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General and administrative expenses increased by $2.1 million, or 6%, to $36.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $34.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase was primarily due to a $3.0 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses due to recent equity grants made to our executives, partially offset by a $1.2 million decrease in professional fees and insurance expenses.

Restructuring

Restructuring expenses were $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 due to the 2023 Reorganization Plan being implemented in the third quarter of 2023 and primarily consisted of employee severance and related costs.

Financial Income, net

Financial income, net increased by $6.0 million to $3.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $2.9 million loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase was primarily due to $1.3 million interest income and $4.4 million income related to exchange rate differences.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes increased by $1.8 million, or 30%, to $7.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, from $5.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to increased tax liability related to income generated by our subsidiaries organized under the laws of Israel and the United Kingdom.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Since our inception, we have financed our operations primarily through net cash provided by operating activities, equity issuances, and borrowings under our long-term debt arrangements. Our primary requirements for liquidity and capital are to finance working capital, capital expenditures and general corporate purposes. Our principal sources of liquidity are expected to be our cash on hand and borrowings available under our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below). During December 2021, we repaid in full the outstanding principal balance under our Revolving Credit Facility. Therefore, as of September 30, 2023, we had no balance outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility and the total revolving commitment of $35.0 million is available for future borrowings.

We believe that our net cash provided by operating activities, cash on hand, and availability under our Revolving Credit Facility will be adequate to meet our operating, investing, and financing needs for at least the next 12 months. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our revenue growth, the timing and extent of investments to support such growth, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, increases in general and administrative costs and many other factors as described under Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our 2022 10-K, Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and “—Key Factors Affecting Our Performance.” In addition, our cash and cash equivalents are maintained at financial institutions in amounts that exceed federally insured limits. In the event of failure of any of the financial institutions where we maintain our cash and cash equivalents, there can be no assurance that we will be able to access uninsured funds in a timely manner or at all.

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If necessary, we may borrow funds under our Revolving Credit Facility to finance our liquidity requirements, subject to customary borrowing conditions. To the extent additional funds are necessary to meet our long-term liquidity needs as we continue to execute our business strategy, we anticipate that they will be obtained through the incurrence of additional indebtedness, additional equity financings or a combination of these potential sources of funds; however, such financing may not be available on favorable terms, or at all. In particular, the widespread pandemic related to COVID-19 and its variants, the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine and rising inflation and interest rates have resulted in, and may continue to result in, significant disruption of global financial markets, reducing our ability to access capital. Our ability to access capital may also be impacted by political, economic, and military conditions in Israel, including the current security situation or any escalation of conflicts with Israel, and in other regions in which we operate, or changes in the business environment in those regions. If we are unable to raise additional funds when desired, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Credit Facilities

In January 2021, we entered into a new credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”) with one of our existing lenders, which provides for a new senior secured term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $40.0 million (the “Term Loan Facility”) and a new senior secured revolving credit facility in the aggregate principal amount of $10.0 million (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and, together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Credit Facilities”). In June 2021, we entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement to, among other things, increase commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility to $35.0 million, and make certain other changes to certain covenants and definitions. In May 2023, we entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement (the “Fourth Amendment”) to replace the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the benchmark rate under the Credit Agreement. The amount available for borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility is limited to a borrowing base, which is equal to the product of (a) 800% (which will automatically reduce to 350% on the date the Term Loan Facility is repaid in full), multiplied by (b) monthly Recurring Revenue for the most recently ended monthly period, multiplied by (c) the Retention Rate (in each case, as defined in the Credit Agreement). The Revolving Credit Facility includes a sub-facility for letters of credit in the aggregate availability amount of $10.0 million and a swingline sub-facility in the aggregate availability amount of $5.0 million, each of which reduces borrowing availability under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Borrowings under the Credit Facilities bear interest, determined as follows: (a) Term SOFR Borrowing accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to the Adjusted Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) for the Interest Period therefor plus margin of 3.50% (the Adjusted Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) is subject to a 1.00% floor), and each Daily Simple SOFR Borrowing shall accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement, including an adjustment of 0.10% per annum) plus the Applicable Margin of 3.5%; and (b) ABR loans accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to the ABR plus a margin of 2.50% (ABR is equal to the highest of (i) the prime rate and (ii) the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.50%, subject to a 2.00% floor). As of September 30, 2023, the current rate of interest under the Credit Facilities was equal to a rate per annum of 8.92%, consisting of 5.32% (the 3-month SOFR rate as of September 30, 2023), 0.10% credit spread adjustment and the margin of 3.50%.

We are required to prepay amounts outstanding under the Term Loan Facility with 100% of the net cash proceeds of any indebtedness incurred by us or any of our subsidiaries other than certain permitted indebtedness. In addition, we are required to prepay amounts outstanding under the Credit Facilities with the net cash proceeds of any Asset Sale or Recovery Event (each as defined in the Credit Agreement), subject to certain limited reinvestment rights.

Amounts outstanding under the Credit Facilities may be voluntarily prepaid at any time and from time to time, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty. All voluntary prepayments (other than ABR loans borrowed under the Revolving Credit Facility) must be accompanied by accrued and unpaid interest on the principal amount being prepaid and customary “breakage” costs, if any, with respect to prepayments of Eurodollar loans.

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The Term Loan Facility is payable in consecutive quarterly installments on the last day of each fiscal quarter in an amount equal to (x) $250,000 for installments payable on March 31, 2021 through December 31, 2021, (y) $750,000 for installments payable on March 31, 2022 through December 31, 2022, and (z) $1.5 million for installments payable on and after March 31, 2023. The remaining unpaid balance on the Term Loan Facility is due and payable on January 14, 2024, together with accrued and unpaid interest on the principal amount to be paid to, but excluding, the payment date. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility do not amortize and are due and payable on January 14, 2024. The Company currently expects to amend the Credit Agreement to, among other things, extend the term of the Credit Facilities.

Our obligations under the Credit Facilities are currently guaranteed by Kaltura Europe Limited, and are required to be guaranteed by all of our future direct and indirect subsidiaries other than certain excluded subsidiaries and immaterial foreign subsidiaries. Our obligations and those of Kaltura Europe Limited are, and the obligations of any future guarantors are required to be, secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of our respective assets.

The Credit Agreement contains a number of covenants that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, restrict our ability, and the ability of our subsidiaries, to:

• create, issue, incur, assume, become liable in respect of or suffer to exist any debt or liens;

• consummate any merger, consolidation or amalgamation, or liquidate, wind up or dissolve, or dispose of all or substantially all of our or their respective property or business;

• dispose of property or, in the case of our subsidiaries, issue or sell any shares of such subsidiary’s capital stock;

• repay, prepay, redeem, purchase, retire or defease subordinated debt;

• declare or pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments;

• make certain investments;

• enter into transactions with affiliates;

• enter into new lines of business; and

• make certain amendments to our or their respective organizational documents or certain material contracts.

The Credit Agreement also contains certain financial covenants that require us to maintain (i) a minimum amount of Annualized Recurring Revenue (as defined in the Credit Agreement) as of the last day of each fiscal quarter (which minimum amount increases through the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2023) (the “ARR Covenant”), and (ii) Liquidity (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of at least $10 million as of the last day of any calendar month. We were in compliance with these covenants as of September 30, 2023.

The Credit Agreement also contains certain customary representations and warranties and affirmative covenants, and certain reporting obligations. In addition, the lenders under the Credit Facilities will be permitted to accelerate all outstanding borrowings and other obligations, terminate outstanding commitments and exercise other specified remedies upon the occurrence of certain events of default (subject to certain grace periods and exceptions), which include, among other things, payment defaults, breaches of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, certain cross-defaults and cross-accelerations to other indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy and insolvency, certain judgments and Change of Control events. “Change of Control” is defined as (a) any “person” or “group” (as defined in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) becoming the beneficial owner of 40% or more of the ordinary voting power for the election of our directors, (b) during any 24-month period, a majority of the members of our board of directors ceasing to be composed of individuals (i) who were members thereof on the first day of such period, (ii) whose election or nomination thereto was approved by individuals referred to in the foregoing clause constituting at least a majority of such board, or (iii) whose election or nomination thereto was approved by individuals referred to in the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii) constituting at least a majority of such board; or (c) at any time, if we cease to own and control 100% of each class of outstanding capital stock of each guarantor free and clear of all liens (other than certain permitted liens).

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In December 2021, we repaid in full the outstanding principal balance under our Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2023, we had no balance outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility and the total revolving commitment of $35.0 million remains available for future borrowings. As of September 30, 2023, we had approximately $31.5 million million of borrowing under the Term Loan Facility.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022
	(in thousands)
Net cash used in operating activities		(9,904	)	$	(40,982	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		1,081		$	(49,204	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(3,276	)		(65	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		439			—
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		(11,660	)		(90,251	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		45,833			144,371
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	34,173		$	54,120

Operating Activities

Net cash flows used in operating activities decreased by $31.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Net cash used in operating activities of $9.9 million for nine months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily due to $34.3 million incremental net loss, adjusted for non-cash charges of $33.0 million, and net cash outflows of $8.6 million due to changes in our operating assets and liabilities. Non-cash charges primarily consisted of depreciation and amortization of $3.4 million, stock-based compensation expenses of $22.0 million and amortization of deferred contract acquisitions and fulfillment costs of $8.8 million. The main drivers of net cash outflows were derived from the changes in operating assets and liabilities and were related to a decrease of trade payable of $5.6 million, an increase of deferred contract acquisition and fulfillment cost of $4.9 million, an aggregate decrease in employees accruals, and accrued expenses and other liabilities of $2.4 million and a decrease in deferred revenue of $1.3 million, partially offset by a decrease of receivables of $6.9 million

Net cash used in operating activities of $41.0 million for nine months ended September 30, 2022, was primarily due to $53.7 million incremental net loss, adjusted for non-cash charges of $27.5 million, and net cash outflows of $15.0 million due to changes in our operating assets and liabilities. Non-cash charges primarily consisted of depreciation and amortization of $1.9 million, stock-based compensation expenses of $17.8 million and amortization of deferred contract acquisitions and fulfillment costs of $7.9 million. The main drivers of net cash outflows were derived from the changes in operating assets and liabilities and were related to an increase of trade receivables of $5.8 million, increase of deferred contract acquisition and fulfillment cost of $8.7 million, an aggregate decrease in employees accruals, and accrued expenses and other liabilities of $5.8 million and an increase of $0.7 million in prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets, noncurrent, partially offset by a increase in deferred revenue of $6.1 million.

Investing Activities

Net cash flows provided by investing activities increased by $50.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

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Net cash provided by investing activities of $1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was related to $39.0 million sales and maturities of available-for-sale marketable securities, partially offset by $1.5 million of capitalized internal use software, investment in available-for-sale marketable securities of $33.6 million, investment in bank deposit of $1.0 million and $1.8 million of capital expenditure.

Net cash used in investing activities of $49.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was related to $4.6 million of capitalized internal use software, investment in available-for-sale marketable securities of $47.4 million, investment in bank deposit of $1.9 million and $1.0 million of capital expenditure, partially offset by sales and maturities of available-for-sale marketable securities of $5.7 million.

Financing Activities

Net cash flows used in financing activities increased by $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Net cash used in financing activities of $3.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to repayment of long-term loans of $4.5 million, offset by $1.2 million due to proceeds from the exercise of stock options.

Net cash used in financing activities of $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, was primarily due to repayment of long-term loans of $2.3 million, repayment of finance lease liabilities of $0.1 million, and payment of debt issuance costs of $0.1 million, offset by $2.4 million due to proceeds from the exercise of stock options.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

Our principal commitments consist of obligations under operating and finance leases, purchase obligations with third-party providers for the use of cloud hosting and other services and outstanding debt. There were no material changes to our commitments and contractual obligations during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 from the commitments and contractual obligations disclosed in Part II, Item 7, "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," of our 2022 10-K other than the changes in our purchase commitments to third party providers of cloud services reflected in Note 8 of the notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Pat 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report in Form 10-Q. For further information on our commitments and contractual obligations, refer also to Note 7 and Note 14 of the notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, as well as related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, including the anticipated impact of COVID-19, macroeconomic uncertainty, and the political, economic, and military conditions in the regions in which we operate, rising interest rates and inflation, and other macro- and microeconomic trends. As events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, our estimates and assumptions may change materially in future periods.

Our critical accounting policies and estimates were disclosed in Part II, Item 7, "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," of our 2022 10-K. There have been no significant changes to these policies and estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

We are exposed to market risk from changes in exchange rates, interest rates and inflation. All of these market risks arise in the ordinary course of business, as we do not engage in speculative trading activities. The following analysis provides additional information regarding these risks.

Foreign Currency and Exchange Risk

Our revenue and expenses are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars. Our functional currency is the U.S. dollar. Our sales are mainly denominated in U.S. dollars and Euros. A significant portion of our operating costs are in Israel, consisting principally of salaries and related personnel expenses, and facility expenses, which are denominated in NIS. This foreign currency exposure gives rise to market risk associated with exchange rate movements of the U.S. dollar against the NIS and Euros. Furthermore, we anticipate that a significant portion of our expenses will continue to be denominated in NIS.

To reduce the impact of foreign currency exchange risks associated with forecasted future cash flows and certain existing assets and liabilities and the volatility in our consolidated statements of operations, we established a hedging program. Currently, our hedging activity relates to U.S. dollar/NIS exchange rate exposure. We do not intend to enter into derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. We account for our derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities and carry them at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The accounting for changes in the fair value of the derivative depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. Our hedging activities are expected to reduce but not eliminate the impact of currency exchange rate movements.

A hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates applicable to our business would have had an impact on our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, of $1.9 million due to NIS (after considering cash-flow hedges) and $3.5 million due to Euros.

Interest Rate Risk

As of September 30, 2023, we had outstanding floating rate debt obligations of $31.5 million (consisting of the outstanding principal balance under our credit facilities). Accordingly, fluctuations in market interest rates may increase or decrease our interest expense which will, in turn, increase or decrease our net income and cash flow. We seek to manage exposure to adverse interest rate changes through our normal operating and financing activities. At this time, we do not use derivative instruments to mitigate our interest rate risk. A hypothetical 10% change in interest rates during the periods presented would not have a material impact on our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Impact of Inflation

While it is difficult to accurately measure the impact of inflation due to the imprecise nature of the estimates required, we do not believe inflation has had a material effect on our historical results of operations and financial condition. However, if our costs were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset higher costs through price increases or other corrective measures, and our inability or failure to do so could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Limitations on effectiveness of controls and procedures

In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

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Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

Our management, with the participation and supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

From time to time, we are involved in various legal proceedings arising from the normal course of business activities. We are not presently a party to any litigation the outcome of which, we believe, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows or financial condition. Defending such proceedings is costly and can impose a significant burden on management and employees. We may receive unfavorable preliminary or interim rulings in the course of litigation, and there can be no assurances that favorable final outcomes will be obtained.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

A description of the risks associated with our business, financial condition, and results of operations is set forth in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" of our 2022 10-K. Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2022 10-K.

Our failure to raise additional capital or generate the significant capital necessary to expand our operations and invest in new offerings could reduce our ability to compete and could adversely affect our business.

Historically, we have funded our operations and capital expenditures primarily through net cash provided by operating activities, equity issuances and borrowings under our long-term debt arrangements. Although we currently anticipate that our net cash provided by operating activities, cash on hand and availability under our Revolving Credit Facility will be adequate to meet our operating, investing, and financing needs for at least the next twelve months, we may require additional financing. We evaluate financing opportunities from time to time, and our ability to obtain financing will depend, among other things, on our development efforts, business plans, operating performance, the condition of the capital markets as well as in part on the stability in Israel and the other geographic regions where we are located or operate, at the time we seek financing. We cannot assure you that additional financing will be available to us on favorable terms when required, or at all. Moreover, due to the worsening economic climate and increased inflation and interest rates, the net cash derived from our operations may be reduced while the availability of new financing may be limited, costly or unavailable. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or equity-linked or debt securities, those securities may have rights, preferences, or privileges senior to the rights of our common stock, and our stockholders may experience dilution.

We maintain the majority of our cash and cash equivalents in accounts with major U.S. and multi-national financial institutions, and our deposits at these institutions exceed insured limits. Market conditions can impact the viability of these institutions. In the event of failure of any of the financial institutions where we maintain our cash and cash equivalents, there can be no assurance that we would be able to access uninsured funds in a timely manner or at all. Any inability to access or delay in accessing these funds could adversely affect our business and financial position.

If we need additional capital and cannot raise it on acceptable terms, we may not be able to, among other things:

• develop or enhance our platform, products, or solutions or introduce or adapt new technologies;

• continue to expand our research and development and sales and marketing organizations;

• acquire complementary technologies, products, or businesses;

• expand operations in the United States or internationally;

• hire, train, and retain employees; or

• respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated working capital requirements.

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Our failure to have sufficient capital to do any of these things could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, and our ability to execute our growth strategy.

We may face risks associated with our use of certain artificial intelligence and machine learning models

Our business utilizes artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies some of which are offered by third parties, to add AI-based applications to our offering and to drive efficiencies in our business. As with many technological innovations, artificial intelligence presents risks and challenges that could affect its adoption, and therefore our business. Our offerings utilize, and we plan to further examine, develop and introduce, machine learning algorithms, predictive analytics, and other artificial intelligence technologies to offer new applications, upgrade our solutions and enhance our capabilities, among other things, to identify trends, anomalies and correlations, provide alerts and initiate business processes. If these artificial intelligence or machine learning models are incorrectly designed, the performance of our products, services, and business, as well as our reputation, could suffer or we could incur liability through the violation of laws or contracts to which we are a party.

Additionally, we are making, and plan to make in the future, significant investments in adopting artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies across our business, including introducing generative AI capabilities both within the product layer and at the platform level across the platform’s application programming interfaces. Artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies are complex and rapidly evolving, and we face significant competition from other companies in our industry as well as an evolving regulatory landscape. These efforts, including the introduction of new products or changes to existing products, may result in new or enhanced governmental or regulatory scrutiny, litigation, ethical concerns, or other complications that could adversely affect our business, reputation, or financial results. Changes to existing regulations, their interpretation or implementation or new regulations could impede our use of artificial intelligence and machine learning technology and also may increase our estimated costs in this area. In addition, market acceptance of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies is uncertain, and we may be unsuccessful in our product development efforts.Further, developers or artificial intelligence technologies may enter into agreements with labor guilds or content owners that require additional payments be made for use of the likeness of individuals, or the content of IP owners, to train AI models. Such agreements may result in increased costs to our development and use of artificial intelligence technologies. Any of these factors could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Political, economic, and military conditions in Israel could materially and adversely affect our business.

We have offices near Tel Aviv, Israel where our primary research and development, human resources, and certain other finance and administrative activities are based. In addition, a number of our officers and directors, as well as our co-founders, are residents of Israel. As of September 30, 2023, we had 351 full-time employees in Israel. Accordingly, political, economic, and military conditions in Israel and the surrounding region may directly affect our business and operations. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its neighboring countries, as well as terrorist acts committed within Israel by hostile elements. In recent years, Israel has been engaged in sporadic armed conflicts with Hamas, an Islamist terrorist group that controls the Gaza Strip and proxies thereof in the West Bank, with Hezbollah, an Islamist terrorist group that controls large portions of southern Lebanon, and with Iranian-backed military forces in Syria. Recently, an attack on October 7, 2023 by Hamas on Israeli civilians, supported by further military activities of Hezbollah from Lebanon, led the government of Israel to declare war on Hamas and to initiate ground operations and other military efforts in Gaza.

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In addition, Iran has threatened to attack Israel and may be developing nuclear weapons. Some of these hostilities were accompanied by missiles being fired and attacks launched against civilian targets in various parts of Israel, including areas in which our employees, and some of our consultants are located, and negatively affected business conditions in Israel. Any hostilities, armed conflicts, terrorist activities involving Israel, including the current conflict with Hamas, or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its trading partners, or any significant political instability in the region could adversely affect business conditions and our results of operations and could make it more difficult for us to raise capital. Specifically, our operations could be disrupted by the obligations of our personnel to perform military service. Many of our employees based in Israel have been called upon to perform military reserve duty as a result of the current conflict with Hamas and, in emergency circumstances, may be called to immediate and unlimited active duty. As a result, the current security situation in Israel has at times limited our employees’ availability or connectivity, and our employees could face risk of injury or loss of life. Our operations may therefore be disrupted by the absence or reduced productivity or availability of a significant number of employees, which could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations. Parties with whom we do business have sometimes declined to travel to Israel during periods of heightened unrest or tension, forcing us to make alternative arrangements when necessary in order to meet our business partners face to face. In addition, the political and security situation in Israel may result in parties with whom we have agreements involving performance in Israel claiming that they are not obligated to perform their commitments under those agreements pursuant to force majeure provisions in such agreements.

Continued hostilities between Israel and its neighbors, including the current conflicts with Hamas and Hezbollah, or any future armed conflict, terrorist activity or political instability in the region could adversely affect our operations in Israel and adversely affect the market price of our common stock. An escalation of tensions or violence might result in a significant downturn in the economic or financial condition of Israel, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations in Israel and our business.

Our commercial insurance does not cover losses that may occur as a result of events associated with war and terrorism. Although the Israeli government currently covers the reinstatement value of direct damages that are caused by terrorist attacks or acts of war, we cannot assure you that this government coverage will be maintained or that it will sufficiently cover our potential damages. Any losses or damages incurred by us could have a material adverse effect on our business. Any armed conflicts or political instability in the region would likely negatively affect business conditions and could adversely affect our results of operations.

Further, in the past, the State of Israel and Israeli companies have been subjected to economic boycotts. Several countries still restrict business with the State of Israel and with Israeli companies. These restrictive laws and policies may have an adverse impact on our operating results, financial condition, or the expansion of our business. A campaign of boycotts, divestment and sanctions has been undertaken against Israel, which could also adversely impact our business.

In the past months, the Israeli government has pursued extensive changes to Israel’s judicial system, which efforts have since been paused due to the current security situation in Israel. In response to the foregoing developments, individuals, organizations and institutions, both within and outside of Israel, have voiced concerns that the proposed changes may negatively impact the business environment in Israel including due to reluctance of foreign investors to invest or transact business in Israel as well as to increased currency fluctuations, downgrades in credit rating, increased interest rates, increased volatility in security markets, and other changes in macroeconomic conditions. If the Israeli government renews its pursuit of changes to Israel's judicial system, then such changes, could adversely affect our ability to access capital or to attract and retain highly skilled personnel. To the extent that any of these negative developments do occur, they may have an adverse effect on our business, our results of operations and our ability to raise additional funds, if deemed necessary by our management and board of directors.

We depend on our management team and other key employees, and the loss of one or more of these employees or an inability to attract and retain highly skilled employees could adversely affect our business.

Our future success depends, in part, on our ability to continue to attract and retain highly skilled personnel. The loss of the services of any of our key personnel, the inability to attract or retain qualified personnel, or delays in hiring required personnel, particularly in engineering and sales, may seriously and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Although we have entered into employment offer letters with our key personnel, their employment is for no specific duration and constitutes at-will employment. We are also substantially dependent on the continued service of our existing engineering personnel because of the complexity of our products.

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Our future performance also depends on the continued services and continuing contributions of our senior management team, which includes Ron Yekutiel, our co-founder and Chief Executive Officer, to execute on our business plan and to identify and pursue new opportunities and product innovations. The loss of services of our senior management team, particularly our Chief Executive Officer, could significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our development and strategic objectives, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Additionally, the industry in which we operate is generally characterized by significant competition for skilled personnel, as well as high employee attrition. There is a shortage in personnel with the relevant know-how and experience for the development of our Video Products and Media Services, particularly for DevOps, engineering, research and development, sales, and support positions, and we may not be successful in attracting, integrating, and retaining qualified personnel to fulfill our current and future needs. While there has been intense competition for qualified human resources in the Israeli high-tech industry historically, the industry experienced record growth and activity in recent years, both at the earlier stages of venture capital and growth equity financings, and at the exit stage of initial public offerings and mergers and acquisitions. This flurry of growth and activity has caused a sharp increase in job openings in both Israeli high-tech companies and Israeli research and development centers of foreign companies, and intensification of competition between these employers to attract qualified employees in Israel. As a result, the high-tech industry in Israel has experienced levels of employee attrition and is currently facing shortage of skilled human capital, including engineering, research and development, sales and customer support personnel. Many of the companies against which we compete for personnel have greater financial resources, scale and branding than we do, and it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified personnel predominately in Israel, where most of our research and development positions are located, and in New York, where our headquarters is located. These competitors may also actively seek to hire our existing personnel away from us, even if such an employee has entered into a non-compete agreement. We may be unable to enforce these agreements under the laws of the jurisdictions in which our employees work. For example, Israeli labor courts have required employers seeking to enforce non-compete undertakings of a former employee to demonstrate that the competitive activities of the former employee will harm one of a limited number of material interests of the employer that have been recognized by the courts, such as the protection of a company’s confidential information or other intellectual property, taking into account, among other things, the employee’s tenure, position, and the degree to which the non-compete undertaking limits the employee’s freedom of occupation. We may not be able to make such a demonstration. Also, to the extent we hire personnel from competitors, we may be subject to allegations that they have been improperly solicited or that they have divulged their former employers’ proprietary or other confidential information or incorporated such information into our products, which could include claims that such former employers therefore own or otherwise have rights to their inventions or other work product developed while employed by us.

In addition, in making employment decisions, particularly in the internet and high-technology industries, job candidates often consider the value of the equity they are to receive in connection with their employment. Employees may be more likely to leave us if the shares they own or the shares underlying their equity incentive awards have significantly appreciated or significantly reduced in value. Many of our employees may receive significant proceeds from sales of our equity in the public markets, which may reduce their motivation to continue to work for us and could lead to employee attrition. If we fail to attract new personnel, or fail to retain and motivate our current personnel, our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects could be adversely affected.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer or Affiliated Purchaser

None.

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Use of Proceeds

On July 23, 2021, we completed our IPO, in which we issued and sold 15,000,000 shares of our common stock at a price to the public of $10.00 per share. On August 6, 2021, we issued and sold an additional 2,250,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $10.00 per share in connection with the underwriters’ exercise in full of their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock. All shares sold were registered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333- 253699), as amended (the “Registration Statement”), declared effective by the SEC on July 20, 2021. Other than as reported in Part I, Item 5, “Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities” in our 2022 10-K, there has been no material change in the expected use of the net proceeds from our IPO as described in the Registration Statement.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the following directors and officers of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K:

Director/Sec. 16 Officer	Action	Date	Total Shares to be Sold		Expiration Date
			Rule 10b5-1*	Non-Rule 10b5-1**
Naama Halevy	Adopt	08/14/2023	412,736	X	08/12/2024
Shay David	Adopt	08/08/2023	294,018	X	05/30/2024

* Intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c)

** Not intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c)

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Item 6. Exhibits

The documents listed below are incorporated by reference or are filed with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, in each case as indicated below.

Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description	Incorporated by Reference
		Form	File No.	Exhibit	Filing Date	Filed/Furnished Herewith
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Kaltura, Inc.	8-K	001-40644	3.1	07/23/2021
3.2	Certificate of Designations of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of Kaltura, Inc.	8-K	001-40644	3.1	08/08/2022
3.3	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Kaltura, Inc.	8-K	001-40644	3.2	07/23/2021
4.1	Specimen Common Stock Certificate of Kaltura, Inc.	S-1/A	333-253699	4.1	03/23/2021
4.2	Sixth Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of July 22, 2016, by and among Kaltura, Inc. and each of the investors listed on Exhibit A thereto, as amended.	S-1/A	333-253699	4.2	03/23/2021
4.3	Rights Agreement, dated as of August 7, 2022, between Kaltura, Inc. and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC	S-1/A	333-253699	4.3	03/23/2021
4.4	Rights Agreement, dated as of August 7, 2022, between Kaltura, Inc. and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC	8-K	001-40644	4.1	08/08/2022
10.1	Third Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of April 19, 2022, by and among Kaltura, Inc. (the “Borrower”), the subsidiaries of the Borrower party thereto, the several banks and other financial institutions or entities party thereto, and Silicon Valley Bank, as the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and the Swingline Lender.
10.2	Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of May 23, 2023, by and among Kaltura, Inc. (the “Borrower”), the subsidiaries of the Borrower party thereto, the several banks and other financial institutions or entities party thereto, and Silicon Valley Bank, a Division of First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company, as the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and the Swingline Lender.

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31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).	*
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).	*
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.	**
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.	**
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document	*
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document	*
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document	*
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document	*
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document	*
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document	*
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (as formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)	*

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	KALTURA, INC.
Date: November 8, 2023	By:	/s/ Ron Yekutiel
		Ron Yekutiel
		Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: November 8, 2023	By:	/s/ Yaron Garmazi
		Yaron Garmazi
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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