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Income taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2021
Income taxes  
Income taxes

20. Income taxes

On March 11, 2021, the President of the United States signed the American Rescue Plan Act, also called the COVID-19 Stimulus Package or American Rescue Plan into law. The American Rescue Plan includes many non-tax and tax provisions to help address the continuing pandemic, including extending the Employee Retention Credit to December 31, 2021. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of the American Rescue Plan on its financial positions, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to US federal and state income taxes. Income tax expense is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of Management, it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

The Company files a consolidated income tax return with subsidiaries for which the Company has an 80% or greater ownership interest. Subsidiaries for which the Company does not have an 80% or more ownership are not included in the Company’s consolidated income tax group and file their own separate income tax return. As a result, certain corporate entities included in these financial statements are not able to combine or offset their taxable income or losses with other entities’ tax attributes.

Income tax expense for the three and six  months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 is based on the estimated annual effective tax rate.