| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | Dollars in millions | 2023 | | 2022 | | 2023 | | 2022 | Interest expense (Note 10) | $ | 282 | | | $ | 313 | | | $ | 570 | | | $ | 639 | | Royalty and licensing income (Note 4) | (340) | | | (287) | | | (703) | | | (593) | | Royalty income - divestiture (Note 4) | (218) | | | (221) | | | (406) | | | (392) | | Equity investment losses (Note 9) | 58 | | | 308 | | | 213 | | | 952 | | Integration expenses (Note 6) | 59 | | | 124 | | | 126 | | | 229 | | (Gain)/Loss on debt redemption (Note 10) | — | | | (9) | | | — | | | 266 | | Divestiture gains (Note 4) | — | | | — | | | — | | | (211) | | Litigation and other settlements (a) | (7) | | | 25 | | | (332) | | | (12) | | Investment income | (95) | | | (27) | | | (197) | | | (37) | | Provision for restructuring (Note 6) | 113 | | | 20 | | | 180 | | | 43 | | Other | 32 | | | 38 | | | 20 | | | 49 | | Other (income)/expense, net | $ | (116) | | | $ | 284 | | | $ | (529) | | | $ | 933 | |
(a) Includes $400 million of income recorded in connection with Nimbus' TYK2 program change of control provision during the first quarter of 2023. Refer to "—Note 4. Divestitures, Licensing and Other Arrangements" for further information.
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