INCOME TAXES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

The Company utilizes an estimated annual effective tax rate to determine its provision or benefit for income taxes for interim periods. The income tax provision or benefit is computed by multiplying the estimated annual effective tax rate by the year-to-date pre-tax book income (loss).

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the income tax benefit was $317 compared to $312 for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Our effective income tax rate was 3.4% and 2.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The deferred tax assets were fully offset by a valuation allowance at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, with the exception of certain deferred tax liabilities recognized in a foreign jurisdiction as a result of fair value adjustments recorded upon the acquisition of ApiFix. The company has recorded a tax benefit during the period ended March 31, 2022 for losses generated in the foreign jurisdiction. As of December 31, 2021, we had available federal, state and foreign tax loss carryforwards of $114,008, $73,997 and $22,671, respectively. We had available federal tax credits of $176. Net operating losses generated prior to December 31, 2017 will begin to expire in 2028. Federal net operating losses generated after January 1, 2018 will have an indefinite carryforward period. An ownership change under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code was deemed to occur on May 30, 2014. Given the limitation calculation, we anticipate approximately $23,920 in losses generated prior to the ownership change date will be subject to potential limitation. The estimated annual limitation is $1,062. A second ownership change under Section 382 was deemed to occur on December 11, 2018. The estimated annual limitation is $9,736, which is increased by $22,430 annually over the first five years as a result of an unrealized built in gain. NOLs sustained prior to May 30, 2014 will still be constrained by the lower limitation.

Management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to permit use of the existing deferred tax assets. A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the cumulative loss incurred over the three-year period ended March 31, 2022. Such objective evidence limits the ability to consider other subjective evidence, such as our projections for future growth.