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Stockholders’ Notes Receivable and Redeemable Common Stock
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Equity [Abstract]  
Stockholders’ Notes Receivable, Redeemable Common Stock and Stock Option Plans Stockholders’ Notes Receivable and Redeemable Common Stock
In August 2018, the Company loaned its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Growth Officer a total of $4.0 million under secured nonrecourse promissory notes (the “Notes”). The Notes bore interest at a rate of 2.42% per annum compounded annually and had a maturity date of August 30, 2021, with interest and principal due at maturity. The Notes were secured by pledges of 1.6 million shares of outstanding common stock of the Company owned by the two officers (the “Pledged Shares”). The Notes could be prepaid in cash at any time without penalty. At maturity and in certain events of default, the Notes could, at the option of the two officers, be repaid in cash or surrender and cancellation of the Pledged Shares at fair market value. If the Pledged Shares were insufficient to repay the entire amount due under the Notes, then the value of the Pledged Shares would be deemed to be the full amount due under the Notes.
As the Company’s only recourse on the Notes and associated interest was the Pledged Shares, the Notes were accounted for as nonrecourse and recorded to stockholders’ equity as of September 30, 2020. This was accounted for as though the Company repurchased the Pledged Shares and in exchange issued the Notes and granted 1.6 million fully vested stock options with an exercise price equal to the face value of Notes plus interest. No principal or interest payments were paid during the three months ended September 30, 2020. During the quarter ended September 30, 2020, all principal and interest due under the notes were prepaid.
In connection with the Notes, the Company provided the officers with a right to sell to the Company outstanding shares of common stock upon settlement of the Notes (the “Put Option”). The officers could only exercise the Put Option upon repayment of the Notes using the Pledged Shares or upon the prepayment of the Notes using proceeds from the officers’ sale or disposal of the Pledged Shares at a price less than the face value of the Notes. The Put Option allowed the officers to require the Company to repurchase any or all common stock held or beneficially owned to offset their tax liabilities resulting from the settlement of the Notes via one of the above methods. As the exercisability of the Put Option and therefore redemption of the common stock was outside the control of the Company, all common stock held or beneficially owned by the officers required temporary equity classification. The Company therefore classified $19.0 million of common stock outside of stockholders’ equity as of September 30, 2020, which represented the fair value of the shares held or beneficially owned on the transaction date. The Company did not adjust the carrying value of the redeemable common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2020 since a redemption event was not probable. The Put Option expired unexercised upon the repayment of the Notes and during the Company’s quarter ended September 30, 2020, the $19.0 million of redeemable common stock was reclassified back to common stock.
Stockholders’ Equity and Stock Option Plans
Common Stock
In connection with the IPO in December 2020, the Company’s restated certificate of incorporation became effective, which authorized 1,000,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 1,000,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value per share. Class A and Class B common stock are referred to as common stock throughout the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements, unless otherwise noted.
Equity Incentive Plans
Upon completion of the IPO, the Company adopted the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (“2020 Plan”), pursuant to which the Company may grant stock options, restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), deferred stock units (“DSUs”) performance awards, and stock bonus awards. As of September 30, 2021, the Company has reserved 6,414,228 shares of Class A common stock for the issuance of awards under the 2020 Plan. These available shares will increase automatically on January 1 for each of the first ten calendar years during the term of the 2020 Plan by the number of shares equal to the lesser of five percent (5%) of the aggregate number of outstanding shares of all classes of the Company’s common stock outstanding as of the immediately preceding December 31, or a number as may be determined by the Company’s board of directors or compensation committee. To the extent outstanding awards under the 2017 Plan and the 2006 Plan are forfeited, lapse unexercised, or would otherwise have been returned to the share reserve under the Prior Plans, the shares of Class B common stock subject to such awards instead will be available for future issuance as Class A common stock under the 2020 Plan. No new awards were issued under the 2006 Plan or 2017 Plan after the effective date of the 2020 Plan.
Stock Options
A summary of stock option activity under the Company’s equity incentive plan and related information is as follows:

Stock Options
Number of Shares Underlying Outstanding OptionsWeighted-Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding — December 31, 20208,459,969 $2.53 6.83$215,144 
Options granted660,466 36.74 
Options exercised(1,694,511)1.96 
Options canceled/expired(27,094)7.96 
Outstanding — September 30, 20217,398,830 $5.69 7.01$159,659 
Vested — September 30, 20214,822,778 $3.12 6.13$113,146 

As of September 30, 2021, unrecognized stock-based compensation of $19.0 million related to unvested stock options will be recognized on a straight-line basis over a weighted average period of 2.91 years.
Restricted Stock Units
A summary of RSU activity under the Company’s equity incentive plan and related information is as follows:
RSUs
Number of SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Unvested — December 31, 2020— $— 
Granted507,406 35.45 
Vested(43,812)37.92 
Canceled/Forfeited(11,281)32.70 
Unvested — September 30, 2021452,313 $35.28 
As of September 30, 2021, unrecognized stock-based compensation of $14.7 million related to unvested RSUs will be recognized on a straight-line basis over a weighted average period of 3.43 years.
2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In November 2020, the Company’s board of directors adopted, and its stockholders approved, the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), which became effective in connection with the IPO. A total of 500,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock were initially reserved for issuance under the ESPP.
The aggregate number of shares reserved for issuance under the ESPP will increase automatically on January 1st of each of the first ten calendar years during the term of the ESPP by the number of shares equal to the lesser of (a) 1% of the total outstanding shares of all classes of the Company’s common stock as of the immediately preceding December 31 and (b) such number of shares of common stock as determined by the Company’s board of directors. The aggregate number of shares issued over the term of the ESPP may not exceed 7,500,000 shares of Class A common stock. As of September 30, 2021, the Company has reserved 834,866 shares of its common stock for issuance under the ESPP.
Under the ESPP, Class A common stock will be purchased for the accounts of employees participating in the ESPP on each purchase date at a price per share equal to 85% of the lesser of: (a) the fair market value on the offering date or (b) the fair market value on the purchase date. The ESPP provides for, at maximum, 27 month offering periods and each offering period may consist of one or more six-month purchase periods, beginning December 9, 2020 through May 31, 2022 with the purchase date on the last day of each purchase period. As of September 30, 2021, $1.5 million has been withheld on behalf of employees for a future purchase under the ESPP due to the timing of payroll deductions and is included in accrued and other current liabilities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, 155,015 shares of our Class A common stock have been purchased under the ESPP.
As of September 30, 2021, unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP was $2.4 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.67 years.
Stock-Based Compensation
The total stock-based compensation recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income is as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021202020212020
Cost of revenue$233 $10 $605 $30 
Technology and development586 222 1,646 377 
Sales and marketing1,388 358 3,839 721 
General and administrative1,507 854 4,418 1,311 
Total stock-based compensation3,714 1,444 10,508 2,439 
Tax benefit from stock-based compensation(521)(206)(1,401)(293)
Total stock-based compensation, net of tax effect$3,193 $1,238 $9,107 $2,146