The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, and the related disclosures, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") and U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") regulations and, in the opinion of management include all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations, financial position, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each period presented. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). All adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements are stated in U.S. dollars. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. Accordingly, the accompanying unaudited interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 13, 2024.

Comprehensive loss is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, including unrealized gains and losses on short-term investments. Comprehensive loss has been reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for all periods presented.

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company has identified its Chief Executive Officer as the chief operating decision maker and the Company views its operations and manages its business in one operating segment, which is the business of developing and commercializing proprietary therapeutics. All the assets and operations of the Company’s sole operating and reportable segment are located in the United States.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that impact the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. In the opinion of management, all adjustments that are considered necessary for fair presentation have been included. The most significant estimates in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements relate to gross-to-net accruals, share-based compensation expense and accrued research and development costs. Although these estimates are based on the Company’s knowledge of current events and actions it may undertake in the future, actual results may materially differ from these estimates and assumptions.

Restructuring charges consist primarily of employee severance, contract termination costs and other costs. Liabilities for costs associated with a restructuring activity are recognized when the liability is incurred and are measured at fair value. For one-time employee terminations benefits, the Company recognizes the liability in full on the communication date when future services are not required or amortizes the liability ratably over the service period, if required. The fair value of termination benefits reflects the Company’s estimate of expected utilization of certain Company-funded post-employment benefits. One-time termination benefits include severance and continuation of health insurance coverage for certain employees.

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale marketable debt securities. The Company maintains deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. Management believes that the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held. While the Company has not experienced any losses in such deposits, the 2023 failure of Silicon Valley Bank, at which the Company holds cash and cash equivalents in multiple accounts, exposed the Company to credit risk prior to the resolution by the

The Company’s accounts receivable are derived from customers located in the United States. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for potential credit losses on customers’ accounts when deemed necessary. The Company does not typically require collateral from its customers. Credit losses historically have not been material. The Company continuously monitors customer payments and maintains an allowance for credit losses based on its assessment of various factors including historical experience, age of the receivable balances, and other current economic conditions or other factors that may affect customers’ ability to pay.

The Company considers all highly liquid marketable securities purchased with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase date to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash consists of a letter of credit secured by restricted cash in connection with one of the Company's office leases and is included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 6 for further information on the Company's leases.

The accounting guidance defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Fair value is defined as an exit price representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the accounting guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.

In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company considers the source of observable market data inputs, liquidity of the instrument, the credit risk of the counterparty to the contract, and its risk of nonperformance. In the case fair value is not observable, for the items subject to fair value measurements, the Company applies valuation techniques deemed the most appropriate under the GAAP guidance based on the nature of the assets and liabilities being measured.

The Company invests in various types of securities, including United States government treasury bills, commercial paper, corporate debt securities, and government agency bonds. The Company classifies its investments as available-for-sale and records them at fair value based upon market prices at period end. Unrealized gains and losses that are deemed temporary in nature are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a separate component of stockholders' equity. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. The Company recognizes purchase premiums and discounts as interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities. Realized gains and losses are included in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of investments sold. The Company classifies short-term investments with remaining maturities greater than one year as current assets because such short-term investments are available to fund the Company’s current operations.

At each balance sheet date, the Company assesses available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position to determine whether the decline in fair value below amortized cost is a result of credit losses or other factors, whether the Company expects to recover the amortized cost of the security, the Company's intent to sell and if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the securities before the recovery of amortized cost. The Company records changes in allowance for expected credit loss in other income (expense), net. There has been no allowance for expected credit losses recorded during any of the periods presented. See Note 4 for further information.

Accounts receivable are recorded net of customer allowances for chargebacks and allowance for credit losses. Allowance for chargebacks is based on contractual terms. The Company estimates the allowance for credit losses based on existing contractual payment terms, actual payment patterns of its customers, individual customer circumstances and credit loss. Receivables are recorded to an allowance for credit loss when it is probable that amounts will not be collected based on terms of the customer contracts. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, recorded customer allowances for chargebacks were $32,000 and $0.2 million, respectively. There were no allowances for credit losses and no receivables were written off for the periods ended September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value. The Company uses actual costing methodology determined on a first-in, first-out method. The Company capitalizes inventory costs associated with its products based upon regulatory approval when, based on management’s judgment, future commercialization is considered probable and the future economic benefit is expected to be realized; otherwise, such costs are expensed.

Property and equipment, consisting of computers and software, construction in process, furniture and fixtures, lab equipment, and leasehold improvements are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three to five years. Such costs are periodically reviewed for recoverability when impairment indicators are present.


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Computers and software	$	471	$	464
Construction in process	5,704		4,389
Furniture and fixtures	65		65
Lab equipment	25		25
Leasehold improvements	133		129
Total	$	6,398	$	5,072
Accumulated depreciation	(416)		(270)
Property and equipment, net	$	5,982	$	4,802

Construction in process mainly consists of lab, production, and testing equipment. Depreciation expense on property, plant, and equipment amounted to $47,000 and $44,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Depreciation expense on property, plant, and equipment amounted to $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

At the inception of a contractual arrangement, the Company determines whether the contract contains a lease by assessing whether there is an identified asset and whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset in exchange for consideration over a period of time. If both criteria are met, the Company records the associated lease liability and corresponding right-of-use asset upon commencement of the lease using the implicit rate or a discount rate based on a credit-adjusted secured borrowing rate commensurate with the term of the lease. The Company does not recognize assets or liabilities for leases with lease terms of less than 12 months.

The Company additionally evaluates leases at their inception to determine if they are to be accounted for as an operating lease or a finance lease. A lease is accounted for as a finance lease if it meets one of the following five criteria: (i) the lease has a purchase option that is reasonably certain of being exercised, (ii) the present value of the future cash flows is substantially all of the fair market value of the underlying asset, (iii) the lease term is for a significant portion of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset, (iv) the title to the underlying asset transfers at the end of the lease term, or (v) if the underlying asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative uses to the lessor at the end of the term. Leases that do not meet the finance lease criteria are accounted for as an operating lease. Operating lease assets represent a right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease liabilities with a term greater than one year and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the expected lease term.

Certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as initial direct costs paid or incentives received. As the Company’s leases do not typically provide an implicit rate, the Company utilizes the appropriate incremental borrowing rate, determined as the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term and in a similar economic environment. For finance leases, depreciation expense is recognized for the leased asset acquired and interest expense is recognized related to the portion of the financing in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. For operating leases, lease cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and variable lease payments are recognized as operating expense in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. Variable lease payments primarily include common area maintenance, utilities, real estate taxes, insurance, and other operating costs that are passed on from the lessor in proportion to the space leased by the Company. The Company has elected the practical expedient to not separate between lease and non-lease components.

The Company recognizes a liability with regard to loss contingencies when it believes it is probable a liability has been incurred, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If some amount within a range of loss appears at the time to be a better estimate than any other amount within the range, the Company accrues that amount. When no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount the Company accrues the minimum amount in the range. The Company has not recorded any such liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that it will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of Topic 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract and determines those that are performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.

FYARRO was approved by the FDA in November 2021. On February 22, 2022, the Company launched sales of FYARRO to specialty distributors (“SDs”) and a specialty pharmacy (“SP”). The Company recognizes product sales when the SDs and SP obtain control of the product. Product sales are recorded at the net sales price, which includes provisions for the following allowances which are reflected either as a reduction to the related account receivable or as an accrued liability, depending on how the allowance is settled:

Distribution Fees: Distribution fees include distribution service fees paid to the SDs and SP based on a contractually fixed percentage of the wholesale acquisition cost (“WAC”). Distribution fees are recorded as an offset to product sales based on contractual terms at the time revenue from the sale is recognized.

Rebates: Allowance for rebates includes mandated discounts under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program and TRICARE program. Rebates are amounts owed after the final dispensing of the product to a benefit plan participant and are based upon contractual agreements or statutory requirements. The allowance for rebates is based on contracted or statutory discount rates and expected utilization by benefit plan participants. The Company’s estimates for expected utilization of rebates are based on utilization data received from the SDs and SP since product launch. Rebates are generally invoiced and paid in arrears so that the accrual balance consists of an estimate of the amount expected to be incurred for the current quarter’s activity. If actual future rebates vary from estimates, the Company may need to adjust prior period accruals, which would affect product sales in the period of adjustment.

Chargebacks: Chargebacks are discounts and fees that relate to contracts with government and other entities purchasing from the SDs and SP at a discounted price. The SDs and SP charge back to the Company the difference between the price initially paid by the SDs and SP and the discounted price paid to the SDs and SP by these entities. If actual future chargebacks vary from these estimates, the Company may need to adjust prior period accruals, which would affect product sales in the period of adjustment.

Co-Payment Assistance: The Company offers co-payment assistance to commercially insured patients meeting certain eligibility requirements. Co-payment assistance is accrued at the time of product sale to SDs and SP based on estimated patient participation and average co-pay benefit to be paid per a claim. The Company estimated amounts are compared to actual program participation and co-pay amounts paid using data provided by third-party administrators. If actual amounts differ from the original estimates the assumptions being applied are updated and adjustment for prior period accruals will be adjusted in the current period.

Product Returns: Consistent with industry practice, the Company offers the SDs and SP limited product return rights for damages, shipment errors, and expiring product, provided that the return is within a specified period around the product expiration date as set forth in the applicable individual distribution agreement. The Company does not allow product returns for product that has been dispensed to a patient. As the Company receives inventory reports from the SDs and SP and has the ability to control the amount of product that is sold to the SDs and SP the Company’s estimate of future potential product returns is based on the on-hand channel inventory data and sell-through data obtained from the SDs and SP. In arriving at its estimate, the Company also considers historical product returns, the underlying product demand, and industry data specific to the specialty pharmaceutical distribution industry.

The total amount deducted from gross product sales for the allowances described above for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, was $1.7 million and $1.3 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was $4.7 million and $3.4 million, respectively.


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,289	$	1,927	$	1,065	$	1,434
Provision for current period sales	1,710		1,269		4,695		3,399
Payments	(1,894)		(550)		(4,655)		(2,187)
Balance at end of period	$	1,105	$	2,646	$	1,105	$	2,646

Research and development expenses consist of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including salaries and benefits, materials and supplies, preclinical expenses, share-based compensation expense, contract services, and other external development expenses. The Company records research and development activities conducted by third-party service providers, which include work related to preclinical studies, clinical trials, and contract manufacturing activities, to research and development expense as incurred. The Company is required to estimate the amount of services provided but not yet invoiced and include these expenses in accrued expenses on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and within research and development expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. These expenses are a significant component of the Company’s research and development expenses and require significant estimates and judgments. The Company accrues for these expenses based on factors such as estimates of the work completed and in accordance with agreements established with its third-party service providers. As actual expenses become known, the Company adjusts its accrued expenses.

The Company recognizes all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options and restricted stock units in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss based on their fair values. All of the Company’s share-based awards, to employees, non-employees, officers, and directors, are subject only to service-based vesting conditions. Compensation expense for awards to employees is calculated on a straight-line basis by recognizing the fair value over the associated service period of the award, which is generally the vesting term. Options granted during the year have a maximum contractual term of ten years.

Share-based compensation expense for employee stock purchases under the Company’s 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2021 ESPP”) is recorded at the estimated fair value of the purchase as of the plan enrollment date and is recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the applicable six-month 2021 ESPP offering period.

Income taxes have been accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates applicable to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is recorded if, based upon the weight of all available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

When uncertain tax positions exist, the Company recognizes the tax benefit of tax positions to the extent that the benefit will more likely than not be realized. The determination as to whether the tax benefit will more likely than not be realized is based upon the technical merits of the tax position, as well as consideration of the available facts and circumstances. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any exist, in income tax expense.

Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Basic and diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, includes the weighted average effect of 2,426,493 Pre-Funded Warrants (as defined below), which were issued in September 2022, for the purchase of shares of common stock, for which the remaining unfunded exercise price is $0.0001 per share. See Note 8 for more information on the Pre-Funded Warrants.

Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares and common share equivalents outstanding for the period. Common stock equivalents are only included when their effect is dilutive. The Company’s potentially dilutive securities, which include outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, and warrants have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as they would be anti-dilutive.

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures”, which requires enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments are effective retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. The new guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statement disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The new standard requires a company to expand its existing income tax disclosures, specifically related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The standard is effective for the Company beginning in fiscal year 2025, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect to early adopt the new standard. The new standard is expected to be applied prospectively, but retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-09 on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.