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Valuation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Table Text Block]
The table below reflects the value of the Company's Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2019:
Description
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency RMBS
 
$

 
$
1,917,059

 
$
19,904

 
$
1,936,963

Non-Agency RMBS
 

 
76,969

 
89,581

 
166,550

CMBS
 

 
95,063

 
29,805

 
124,868

CLOs
 

 
125,464

 
44,979

 
170,443

Asset-backed securities, backed by consumer loans
 

 

 
48,610

 
48,610

Corporate debt securities
 

 

 
1,113

 
1,113

Corporate equity securities
 

 

 
1,394

 
1,394

Loans, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage loans
 

 

 
932,203

 
932,203

Commercial mortgage loans
 

 

 
274,759

 
274,759

Consumer loans
 

 

 
186,954

 
186,954

Corporate loans
 

 

 
18,510

 
18,510

Investment in unconsolidated entities, at fair value
 

 

 
71,850

 
71,850

Financial derivatives–assets, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps on asset-backed securities
 

 

 
993

 
993

Credit default swaps on asset-backed indices
 

 
3,319

 

 
3,319

Credit default swaps on corporate bonds
 

 
2

 

 
2

Credit default swaps on corporate bond indices
 

 
5,599

 

 
5,599

Interest rate swaps
 

 
5,468

 

 
5,468

TBAs
 

 
596

 

 
596

Total return swaps
 

 

 
620

 
620

Futures
 
148

 

 

 
148

Forwards
 

 
43

 

 
43

Total assets
 
$
148

 
$
2,229,582

 
$
1,721,275

 
$
3,951,005

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities sold short, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government debt
 
$

 
$
(72,938
)
 
$

 
$
(72,938
)
Corporate debt securities
 

 
(471
)
 

 
(471
)
Financial derivatives–liabilities, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps on asset-backed indices
 

 
(250
)
 

 
(250
)
Credit default swaps on corporate bonds
 

 
(1,693
)
 

 
(1,693
)
Credit default swaps on corporate bond indices
 

 
(14,524
)
 

 
(14,524
)
Interest rate swaps
 

 
(8,719
)
 

 
(8,719
)
TBAs
 

 
(1,012
)
 

 
(1,012
)
Futures
 
(45
)
 

 

 
(45
)
Forwards
 

 
(169
)
 

 
(169
)
Total return swaps
 

 
(773
)
 
(436
)
 
(1,209
)
Other secured borrowings, at fair value
 

 

 
(594,396
)
 
(594,396
)
Total liabilities
 
$
(45
)
 
$
(100,549
)
 
$
(594,832
)
 
$
(695,426
)

The table below reflects the value of the Company's Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 financial instruments at December 31, 2018:
Description
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents
 
$
12,460

 
$

 
$

 
$
12,460

Investments, at fair value-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
 
$

 
$
1,442,924

 
$
7,293

 
$
1,450,217

U.S. Treasury securities
 

 
76

 

 
76

Private label residential mortgage-backed securities
 

 
211,348

 
91,291

 
302,639

Private label commercial mortgage-backed securities
 

 
33,105

 
803

 
33,908

Commercial mortgage loans
 

 

 
211,185

 
211,185

Residential mortgage loans
 

 

 
496,830

 
496,830

Collateralized loan obligations
 

 
108,978

 
14,915

 
123,893

Consumer loans and asset-backed securities backed by consumer loans
 

 

 
206,761

 
206,761

Corporate debt
 

 
16,074

 
6,318

 
22,392

Secured notes
 

 

 
10,917

 
10,917

Real estate owned
 

 

 
34,500

 
34,500

Common stock
 
2,200

 

 

 
2,200

Corporate equity investments
 

 

 
43,793

 
43,793

Total investments, at fair value
 
2,200

 
1,812,505

 
1,124,606

 
2,939,311

Financial derivatives–assets, at fair value-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps on asset-backed securities
 

 

 
1,472

 
1,472

Credit default swaps on corporate bond indices
 

 
733

 

 
733

Credit default swaps on corporate bonds
 

 
2,473

 

 
2,473

Credit default swaps on asset-backed indices
 

 
8,092

 

 
8,092

Total return swaps
 

 
1

 

 
1

Interest rate swaps
 

 
7,224

 

 
7,224

Forwards
 

 
6

 

 
6

Total financial derivatives–assets, at fair value
 

 
18,529

 
1,472

 
20,001

Repurchase agreements, at fair value
 

 
61,274

 

 
61,274

Total investments, financial derivatives–assets, and repurchase agreements, at fair value
 
$
2,200

 
$
1,892,308

 
$
1,126,078

 
$
3,020,586

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments sold short, at fair value-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
 
$

 
$
(772,964
)
 
$

 
$
(772,964
)
Government debt
 

 
(54,151
)
 

 
(54,151
)
Corporate debt
 

 
(6,529
)
 

 
(6,529
)
Common stock
 
(16,933
)
 

 

 
(16,933
)
Total investments sold short, at fair value
 
(16,933
)
 
(833,644
)
 

 
(850,577
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Description
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
(continued)
 
(In thousands)
Financial derivatives–liabilities, at fair value-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps on corporate bond indices
 
$

 
$
(11,557
)
 
$

 
$
(11,557
)
Credit default swaps on corporate bonds
 

 
(3,246
)
 

 
(3,246
)
Credit default swaps on asset-backed indices
 

 
(2,125
)
 

 
(2,125
)
Interest rate swaps
 

 
(3,397
)
 

 
(3,397
)
Total return swaps
 

 
(6
)
 

 
(6
)
Futures
 
(355
)
 

 

 
(355
)
Forwards
 

 
(120
)
 

 
(120
)
Total financial derivatives–liabilities, at fair value
 
(355
)
 
(20,451
)
 

 
(20,806
)
Other secured borrowings, at fair value
 

 

 
(297,948
)
 
(297,948
)
Total investments sold short, financial derivatives–liabilities, and other secured borrowings, at fair value
 
$
(17,288
)
 
$
(854,095
)
 
$
(297,948
)
 
$
(1,169,331
)

Schedule of Financial Instruments
The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of all other financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2019:
(In thousands)
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
Other financial instruments
 
 
 
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
72,302

 
$
72,302

Restricted cash
 
175

 
175

Due from brokers
 
79,829

 
79,829

Reverse repurchase agreements
 
73,639

 
73,639

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Repurchase agreements
 
2,445,300

 
2,445,300

Other secured borrowings
 
150,334

 
150,334

Senior notes, net
 
88,365

 
85,298

Due to brokers
 
2,197

 
2,197

Cash and cash equivalents generally includes cash held in interest bearing overnight accounts, for which fair value equals the carrying value, and investments which are liquid in nature, such as investments in money market accounts or U.S. Treasury Bills, for which fair value equals the carrying value; such assets are considered Level 1. Restricted cash includes cash held in a segregated account for which fair value equals the carrying value; such assets are considered Level 1. Due from brokers and Due to brokers include collateral transferred to or received from counterparties, along with receivables and payables for open and/or closed derivative positions. These receivables and payables are short term in nature and any collateral transferred consists primarily of cash; fair value of these items is approximated by carrying value and such items are considered Level 1. The Company's reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, and other secured borrowings are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to their short term nature. Reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, and other secured borrowings are classified as Level 2 based on the adequacy of the collateral and their short term nature. The Senior notes are considered Level 3 liabilities given the relative unobservability of the most significant inputs to valuation estimation as well as the lack of trading activity of these instruments. As of December 31, 2019, the estimated fair value of the Company's Senior notes was based on a third-party valuation.
Schedule of Significant Unobservable Inputs, Qualitative Information
The following table identifies the significant unobservable inputs that affect the valuation of the Company's Level 3 assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2019:
 
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation 
Technique
 
Unobservable Input
 
Range
 
Weighted
Average
Description
 
 
 
 
Min
 
Max
 
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-Agency RMBS
 
$
38,754

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
$
6.68

 
$
144.79

 
$
86.21

CMBS
 
29,630

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
5.08

 
80.72

 
64.73

CLOs
 
38,220

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
40.00

 
96.00

 
73.98

Agency interest only RMBS
 
3,753

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
1.36

 
16.61

 
5.11

Corporate loans
 
6,010

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
100.00

 
100.00

 
100.00

ABS backed by consumer loans
 
139

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
95.47

 
96.78

 
96.12

Non-Agency RMBS
 
50,827

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
3.3
%
 
60.9
%
 
10.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
0.8
%
 
72.0
%
 
49.3
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Losses
 
0.0
%
 
22.7
%
 
6.6
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Recoveries
 
0.0
%
 
32.4
%
 
6.9
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
16.9
%
 
92.9
%
 
37.2
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Non-Agency CMBS
 
175

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
10.0
%
 
10.0
%
 
10.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Corporate debt and equity
 
2,507

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
10.0
%
 
10.0
%
 
10.0
%
CLOs
 
6,759

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
14.0
%
 
41.9
%
 
26.2
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
48.5
%
 
84.6
%
 
72.5
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Losses
 
11.7
%
 
36.4
%
 
19.9
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Recoveries
 
3.7
%
 
15.1
%
 
7.6
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
ABS backed by consumer loans
 
48,471

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
12.0
%
 
20.2
%
 
12.1
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
0.0
%
 
11.2
%
 
9.7
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Losses
 
0.6
%
 
18.0
%
 
15.4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
71.3
%
 
99.4
%
 
74.9
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(continued)
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation 
Technique
 
Unobservable Input
 
Range
 
Weighted
Average
Description
 
 
 
 
Min
 
Max
 
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer loans
 
$
186,954

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
7.0
%
 
10.0
%
 
8.1
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
0.0
%
 
44.2
%
 
16.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Losses
 
3.0
%
 
84.5
%
 
8.6
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
15.5
%
 
95.8
%
 
75.4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Corporate loans
 
12,500

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
15.0
%
 
18.0
%
 
16.8
%
Performing commercial mortgage loans
 
248,214

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
7.7
%
 
16.6
%
 
8.8
%
Non-performing commercial mortgage loans
 
26,545

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
9.8
%
 
14.7
%
 
12.4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Months to Resolution
 
1.1

 
23.0

 
11.4

Performing and re-performing residential mortgage loans
 
289,672

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
1.6
%
 
19.5
%
 
6.2
%
Securitized residential mortgage loans(1)(2)
 
628,415

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
3.2
%
 
4.3
%
 
3.6
%
Non-performing residential mortgage loans
 
14,116

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
1.0
%
 
26.6
%
 
9.1
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Months to Resolution
 
1.1

 
165.4

 
54.6

Total return swaps—asset
 
620

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
8.5
%
 
27.7
%
 
11.5
%
Credit default swaps on asset-backed securities
 
993

 
Net Discounted Cash Flows
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
35.4
%
 
42.0
%
 
37.3
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Losses
 
4.2
%
 
12.4
%
 
10.2
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Recoveries
 
10.0
%
 
18.2
%
 
15.3
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
36.2
%
 
41.5
%
 
37.2
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Agency interest only RMBS
 
16,151

 
Option Adjusted Spread ("OAS")
 
LIBOR OAS(3)
 
93

 
3,527

 
701

 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
12.3
%
 
100.0
%
 
72.3
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
0.0
%
 
87.7
%
 
27.7
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Investment in unconsolidated entities
 
41,392

 
Enterprise Value
 
Equity Price-to-Book(4)
 
1.0x
 
4.7x
 
1.7x
Investment in unconsolidated entities
 
30,458

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield(5)
 
3.7%
 
14.8%
 
9.9%
Other secured borrowings, at fair value(1)
 
(594,396
)
 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
2.9%
 
4.0%
 
3.3%
Total return swaps—liability
 
(436
)
 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
27.7%
 
27.7%
 
27.7%
(1)
Securitized residential mortgage loans and Other secured borrowings, at fair value, represent financial assets and liabilities of the Company's CFEs as discussed in Note 2.
(2)
Includes $1.5 million of non-performing securitized residential mortgage loans.
(3)
Shown in basis points.
(4)
Represent an estimation of where market participants might value an enterprise on a price-to-book basis.
(5)
Represents the significant unobservable inputs used to fair value the financial instruments of the unconsolidated entity. The fair value of such financial instruments is the largest component of the valuation of such entity as a whole.
The following table identifies the significant unobservable inputs that affect the valuation of the Company's Level 3 assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2018:
 
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation 
Technique
 
Unobservable Input
 
Range
 
Weighted
Average
Description
 
 
 
 
Min
 
Max
 
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private label residential mortgage-backed securities
 
$
36,945

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
$
17.42

 
$
178.00

 
$
78.31

Collateralized loan obligations
 
5,828

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
2.64

 
375.00

 
167.78

Corporate debt, non-exchange traded corporate equity, and secured notes
 
13,976

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
9.69

 
91.00

 
59.18

Private label commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
576

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
5.93

 
6.36

 
6.14

Agency interest only residential mortgage-backed securities
 
744

 
Market Quotes
 
Non Binding Third-Party Valuation
 
1.70

 
9.12

 
5.64

Private label residential mortgage-backed securities
 
54,346

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
3.5
%
 
66.1
%
 
10.7
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
16.0
%
 
92.1
%
 
50.4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Losses
 
0.0
%
 
23.1
%
 
8.7
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Recoveries
 
1.5
%
 
14.6
%
 
7.3
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
6.1
%
 
61.8
%
 
33.6
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Private label commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
227

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
3.4
%
 
3.4
%
 
3.4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Losses
 
2.0
%
 
2.0
%
 
2.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Recoveries
 
6.6
%
 
6.6
%
 
6.6
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
91.4
%
 
91.4
%
 
91.4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Corporate debt and non-exchange traded corporate equity
 
4,793

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
17.5
%
 
17.5
%
 
17.5
%

(continued)
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation 
Technique
 
Unobservable Input
 
Range
 
Weighted
Average
Description
 
 
 
 
Min
 
Max
 
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateralized loan obligations
 
$
9,087

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
12.6
%
 
103.1
%
 
26.7
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
8.1
%
 
88.4
%
 
65.2
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Losses
 
3.7
%
 
40.8
%
 
13.5
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Recoveries
 
4.2
%
 
38.0
%
 
11.9
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
3.5
%
 
13.5
%
 
9.4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Consumer loans and asset-backed securities backed by consumer loans
 
206,761

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
7.0
%
 
18.3
%
 
8.5
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
0.0
%
 
45.9
%
 
33.5
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Losses
 
2.6
%
 
84.8
%
 
9.1
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
15.2
%
 
96.6
%
 
57.4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Performing commercial mortgage loans
 
163,876

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
8.0
%
 
22.5
%
 
9.6
%
Non-performing commercial mortgage loans and commercial real estate owned
 
80,513

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
9.6
%
 
27.4
%
 
13.2
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Months to Resolution
 
3.0

 
16.0

 
7.9

Performing residential mortgage loans
 
171,367

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
2.7
%
 
12.9
%
 
6.0
%
Securitized residential mortgage loans(1)
 
314,202

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
4.3
%
 
4.6
%
 
4.6
%
Non-performing residential mortgage loans and residential real estate owned
 
12,557

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
4.3
%
 
25.1
%
 
11.3
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Months to Resolution(2)
 
1.9

 
42.2

 
27.8

Credit default swaps on asset-backed securities
 
1,472

 
Net Discounted Cash Flows
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
33.6
%
 
42.0
%
 
36.5
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Losses
 
11.1
%
 
15.6
%
 
12.8
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Recoveries
 
10.3
%
 
18.7
%
 
15.8
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
32.0
%
 
36.5
%
 
34.9
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Agency interest only residential mortgage-backed securities
 
6,549

 
Option Adjusted Spread ("OAS")
 
LIBOR OAS(3)
 
211

 
3,521

 
677

 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Prepayments
 
37.7
%
 
100.0
%
 
66.2
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected Collateral Scheduled Amortization
 
0.0
%
 
62.3
%
 
33.8
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Non-exchange traded common equity investment in mortgage-related entity
 
6,750

 
Enterprise Value
 
Equity Price-to-Book(4)
 
3.3x
 
3.3x
 
3.3x
Non-exchange traded preferred equity investment in mortgage-related entity
 
27,317

 
Enterprise Value
 
Equity Price-to-Book(4)
 
1.1x
 
1.1x
 
1.1x
Non-exchange traded preferred equity investment in loan origination entity
 
3,000

 
Recent Transactions
 
Transaction Price
 
N/A
 
N/A
 
N/A
Non-controlling equity interest in limited liability company
 
5,192

 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield(5)
 
12.9%
 
16.1%
 
15.4%
Other secured borrowings, at fair value(1)
 
(297,948
)
 
Discounted Cash Flows
 
Yield
 
3.9%
 
4.4%
 
4.3%

(1)
Securitized residential mortgage loans and Other secured borrowings, at fair value, represent financial assets and liabilities of the Company's CFE as discussed in Note 2.
(2)
Excludes certain loans that are re-performing.
(3)
Shown in basis points.
(4)
Represent an estimation of where market participants might value an enterprise on a price-to-book basis.
(5)
Represents the significant unobservable inputs used to fair value the financial instruments of the limited liability company. The fair value of such financial instruments is the largest component of the valuation of the limited liability company as a whole.
Fair Value Measurement Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
The table below includes a roll-forward of the Company's financial instruments for the year ended December 31, 2019 (including the change in fair value), for financial instruments classified by the Company within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.
Year Ended December 31, 2019
(In thousands)
Beginning Balance as of 
January 1, 2019
 
Accreted
Discounts /
(Amortized
Premiums)
 
Net Realized
Gain/
(Loss)
 
Change in Net
Unrealized
Gain/(Loss)
 
Purchases/Payments(1)
 
Sales/Issuances(2)
 
Transfers Into Level 3
 
Transfers Out of Level 3
 
Ending
Balance as of 
December 31, 2019
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency RMBS
$
7,293

 
$
(3,464
)
 
$
(1,787
)
 
$
808

 
$
13,818

 
$
(1,306
)
 
$
5,370

 
$
(828
)
 
$
19,904

Non-Agency RMBS
91,291

 
270

 
5,636

 
(3,654
)
 
21,512

 
(33,664
)
 
15,354

 
(7,164
)
 
89,581

CMBS
803

 
16

 
180

 
(246
)
 
31,464

 
(5,271
)
 
2,859

 

 
29,805

CLOs
14,915

 
(268
)
 
(3,190
)
 
2,329

 
25,531

 
(5,112
)
 
11,984

 
(1,210
)
 
44,979

Asset-backed securities backed by consumer loans
22,800

 
(2,520
)
 
(891
)
 
873

 
42,137

 
(13,789
)
 

 

 
48,610

Corporate debt securities
6,318

 
22

 
(1,341
)
 
188

 
11,024

 
(15,098
)
 

 

 
1,113

Corporate equity securities
1,534

 

 
(1,807
)
 
205

 
1,462

 

 

 

 
1,394

Loans, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage loans
496,830

 
(6,081
)
 
1,466

 
8,800

 
661,813

 
(230,625
)
 

 

 
932,203

Commercial mortgage loans
195,301

 
(282
)
 
2,412

 
(2,083
)
 
175,689

 
(96,278
)
 

 

 
274,759

Consumer loans
183,961

 
(28,521
)
 
(6,291
)
 
3,000

 
183,994

 
(149,189
)
 

 

 
186,954

Corporate loan

 
36

 

 
(36
)
 
18,510

 

 

 

 
18,510

Investments in unconsolidated entities, at fair value
72,298

 

 
1,545

 
8,664

 
42,173

 
(52,830
)
 

 

 
71,850

Financial derivatives–assets, at fair value-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps on asset-backed securities
1,472

 

 
528

 
(479
)
 
33

 
(561
)
 

 

 
993

Total return swaps

 

 
160

 
620

 

 
(160
)
 

 

 
620

Total assets, at fair value
$
1,094,816

 
$
(40,792
)
 
$
(3,380
)
 
$
18,989

 
$
1,229,160

 
$
(603,883
)
 
$
35,567

 
$
(9,202
)
 
$
1,721,275

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial derivatives–assets, at fair value-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total return swaps
$

 
$

 
$
(15
)
 
$
(436
)
 
$
15

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(436
)
Other secured borrowings, at fair value
(297,948
)
 

 

 
(502
)
 
182,291

 
(478,237
)
 

 

 
(594,396
)
Total liabilities, at fair value
$
(297,948
)
 
$

 
$
(15
)
 
$
(938
)
 
$
182,306

 
$
(478,237
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(594,832
)
(1)
For Investments in unconsolidated entities, at fair value, amount represents contributions to investments in unconsolidated entities.
(2)
For Investments in unconsolidated entities, at fair value, amount represents distributions from investments in unconsolidated entities.
All amounts of net realized and change in net unrealized gain (loss) in the table above are reflected in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations. The table above incorporates changes in net unrealized gain (loss) for both Level 3 financial instruments held by the Company at December 31, 2019, as well as Level 3 financial instruments disposed of by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2019. For Level 3 financial instruments held by the Company at December 31, 2019, change in net unrealized gain (loss) of $2.4 million, $11.5 million, $5.2 million, $0.1 million, $(0.4) million, and $0.1 million, for the year ended December 31, 2019 relate to securities, loans, investments in unconsolidated entities, financial derivatives–assets, financial derivatives–liabilities, and other secured borrowings, at fair value, respectively.
At December 31, 2019, the Company transferred $9.2 million of assets from Level 3 to Level 2 and $35.6 million from Level 2 to Level 3. Transfers between these hierarchy levels were based on the availability of sufficient observable inputs to
meet Level 2 versus Level 3 criteria. The leveling of each financial instrument is reassessed at the end of each period, and is based on pricing information received from third-party pricing sources.
The tables below include a roll-forward of the Company's financial instruments for the year ended December 31, 2018 (including the change in fair value), for financial instruments classified by the Company within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.
Level 3—Fair Value Measurement Using Significant Unobservable Inputs:
Year Ended December 31, 2018
(In thousands)
Ending
Balance as of 
December 31, 2017
 
Accreted
Discounts /
(Amortized
Premiums)
 
Net Realized
Gain/
(Loss)
 
Change in Net
Unrealized
Gain/(Loss)
 
Purchases/
Payments
 
Sales/
Issuances
 
Transfers Into Level 3
 
Transfers Out of Level 3
 
Ending
Balance as of 
December 31, 2018
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments, at fair value-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
$
6,173

 
$
(2,233
)
 
$
(10
)
 
$
175

 
$
2,753

 
$
(1,169
)
 
$
2,616

 
$
(1,012
)
 
$
7,293

Private label residential mortgage-backed securities
101,297

 
383

 
1,838

 
(2,135
)
 
75,685

 
(78,487
)
 
7,074

 
(14,364
)
 
91,291

Private label commercial mortgage-backed securities
12,347

 
(243
)
 
2,229

 
2,120

 
1,481

 
(16,896
)
 

 
(235
)
 
803

Commercial mortgage loans
108,301

 
790

 
1,146

 
1,944

 
149,053

 
(50,049
)
 

 

 
211,185

Residential mortgage loans
182,472

 
(1,965
)
 
1,011

 
(34
)
 
402,235

 
(86,889
)
 

 

 
496,830

Collateralized loan obligations
24,911

 
(351
)
 
317

 
(2,268
)
 
33,549

 
(33,115
)
 
3,959

 
(12,087
)
 
14,915

Consumer loans and asset-backed securities backed by consumer loans
135,258

 
(29,320
)
 
8,415

 
(1,092
)
 
228,354

 
(134,854
)
 

 

 
206,761

Corporate debt
23,947

 
56

 
241

 
(964
)
 
7,665

 
(17,688
)
 

 
(6,939
)
 
6,318

Secured notes

 
870

 

 
(1,221
)
 
11,268

 

 

 

 
10,917

Real estate owned
26,277

 

 
(653
)
 
(1,003
)
 
12,793

 
(2,914
)
 

 

 
34,500

Corporate equity investments
37,465

 

 
1,671

 
8,299

 
12,708

 
(16,350
)
 

 

 
43,793

Total investments, at fair value
658,448

 
(32,013
)
 
16,205

 
3,821

 
937,544

 
(438,411
)
 
13,649

 
(34,637
)
 
1,124,606

Financial derivatives–assets, at fair value-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit default swaps on asset-backed securities
3,140

 

 
(687
)
 
715

 
102

 
(1,798
)
 

 

 
1,472

Total financial derivatives– assets, at fair value
3,140

 

 
(687
)
 
715

 
102

 
(1,798
)
 

 

 
1,472

Total investments and financial derivatives–assets, at fair value
$
661,588

 
$
(32,013
)
 
$
15,518

 
$
4,536

 
$
937,646

 
$
(440,209
)
 
$
13,649

 
$
(34,637
)
 
$
1,126,078

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other secured borrowings, at fair value
$
(125,105
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
758

 
$
49,731

 
$
(223,332
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(297,948
)
Total other secured borrowings, at fair value
$
(125,105
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
758

 
$
49,731

 
$
(223,332
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(297,948
)
All amounts of net realized and change in net unrealized gain (loss) in the table above are reflected in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations. The table above incorporates changes in net unrealized gain (loss) for both Level 3 financial instruments held by the Company at December 31, 2018, as well as Level 3 financial instruments disposed of by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2018. For Level 3 financial instruments held by the Company at December 31, 2018, change in net unrealized gain (loss) of $5.3 million, $(0.6) million, and $0.8 million, for the year ended December 31, 2018 relate to investments, financial derivatives–assets, and other secured borrowings, at fair value, respectively.
At December 31, 2018, the Company transferred $34.6 million of securities from Level 3 to Level 2 and $13.6 million from Level 2 to Level 3. Transfers between these hierarchy levels were based on the availability of sufficient observable inputs to meet Level 2 versus Level 3 criteria. The leveling of each financial instrument is reassessed at the end of each period, and is based on pricing information received from third-party pricing sources.