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Long-Term Debt - Additional Information (Details)
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Apr. 14, 2020
USD ($)
Apr. 08, 2020
USD ($)
treasury_lock_agreement
Mar. 31, 2020
USD ($)
treasury_lock_agreement
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2019
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Proceeds from long-term debt           $ 1,250,000,000 $ 1,191,000,000  
Fair value hedge ineffectiveness       $ 0 $ 0 0 $ 0  
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Treasury lock agreements                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Derivative, number of instruments held | treasury_lock_agreement     4          
Debt instrument, term     10 years          
Derivative notional amount, per contract     $ 100,000,000          
Derivative, average fixed rate     0.94%          
Derivative, number of instruments terminated | treasury_lock_agreement   4            
Derivate instrument notional amount   $ 400,000,000            
Proceeds received from (payment due to) terminated forward swaps   $ (6,000,000)            
Various debt                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Proceeds from long-term debt           $ 250,000,000    
Various debt maturing in 2020 through 2048                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Weighted average interest rate on short-term debt       0.98%   0.98%    
Various debt maturing in 2020 through 2048                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Weighted average interest rate on short-term debt       5.31%   5.31%    
American Water Capital Corp.                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Weighted average interest rate on short-term debt       0.55%   0.55%   1.86%
Senior Notes | American Water Capital Corp.                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt instrument, face amount $ 1,000,000,000.0              
Proceeds from long-term debt 989,000,000              
Repayments of debt 28,000,000              
Senior Notes | American Water Capital Corp. | Senior Note 2.80% Due 2023                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt instrument, face amount $ 500,000,000              
Interest rate 2.80%              
Senior Notes | American Water Capital Corp. | Senior Note 3.45% Due 2050                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt instrument, face amount $ 500,000,000              
Interest rate 3.45%              
Minimum | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Treasury lock agreements                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Derivative net gain amortized through interest   10 years            
Minimum | Various debt maturing in 2020 through 2048                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Interest rate       0.00%   0.00%    
Maturity date           2020    
Minimum | Various debt maturing in 2020 through 2048                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Interest rate       0.00%   0.00%    
Maturity date           2020    
Maximum | Various debt maturing in 2020 through 2048                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Interest rate       5.00%   5.00%    
Maturity date           2048    
Maximum | Various debt maturing in 2020 through 2048                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Interest rate       12.25%   12.25%    
Maturity date           2048    
Debt instrument, redemption, period one                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of debt           $ 266,000,000