10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 001-34028

AMERICAN WATER WORKS COMPANY, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	51-0063696
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1025 Laurel Oak Road, Voorhees, NJ	08043
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(856) 346-8200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    ☒  Yes     ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    ☒  Yes    ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
	(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.).    ☐  Yes    ☒  No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class	Outstanding as of October 26, 2017
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share	178,375,400 shares (excludes 4,064,010 treasury shares as of October 26, 2017)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

AMERICAN WATER WORKS COMPANY, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017

INDEX

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS	1
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION	3
ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS	3
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	23
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	38
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	38
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION	39
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	39
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS	42
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS	42
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES	42
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES	42
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION	42
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS	43
SIGNATURES	44

i

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

We have made statements in Part I, Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in other sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”), that are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In some cases, these forward-looking statements can be identified by words with prospective meanings such as “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “predict,” “project,” “propose,” “assume,” “forecast,” “outlook,” “future,” “pending,” “goal,” “objective,” “potential,” “continue,” “seek to,” “may,” “can,” “should,” “will” and “could” or the negative of such terms or other variations or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements may relate to, among other things, our future financial performance, including our adjusted operation and maintenance (“O&M”) efficiency ratio, cash flows, our growth and portfolio optimization strategies, our projected capital expenditures and related funding requirements, our ability to repay debt, our projected strategy to finance current operations and growth initiatives, the impact of legal proceedings and potential fines and penalties, business process and technology improvement initiatives, trends in our industry, regulatory, legislative, political, tax policy or legal developments or rate adjustments, including rate case filings, filings for infrastructure surcharges and filings to address regulatory lag.

Forward-looking statements are predictions based on our current expectations and assumptions regarding future events. They are not guarantees or assurances of any outcomes, financial results or levels of activity, performance or achievements, and you are cautioned not to place undue reliance upon them. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of estimates and assumptions, and known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors. Our actual results may vary materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements included herein as a result of the following important factors:

• the decisions of governmental and regulatory bodies, including decisions to raise or lower rates;

• the timeliness and outcome of regulatory commissions’ actions concerning rates, capital structure, authorized return on equity, capital investment, permitting and other decisions;

• changes in customer demand for, and patterns of use of, water, such as may result from conservation efforts;

• changes in laws, governmental regulations and policies, including environmental, health and safety, water quality, public utility and tax regulations and policies, and impacts resulting from U.S., state and local elections;

• weather conditions and events, climate change patterns, and natural disasters, including drought or abnormally high rainfall, strong winds, coastal and intercoastal flooding, earthquakes, landslides, hurricanes, tornadoes, wildfires, electrical storms and solar flares;

• the outcome of litigation and similar government actions, including matters related to the Freedom Industries chemical spill in West Virginia and the preliminarily approved global class action settlement agreement related to this chemical spill;

• our ability to appropriately maintain current infrastructure, including our operational and information technology (“IT”) systems, and manage the expansion of our business;

• exposure or infiltration of our critical infrastructure, operational technology and IT systems, including the disclosure of sensitive or confidential information contained therein, through physical or cyber attacks or other disruptions;

• our ability to obtain permits and other approvals for projects;

• changes in our capital requirements;

• our ability to control operating expenses and to achieve efficiencies in our operations;

• the intentional or unintentional actions of a third party, including contamination of our water supplies or water provided to our customers;

• our ability to obtain adequate and cost-effective supplies of chemicals, electricity, fuel, water and other raw materials that are needed for our operations;

• our ability to successfully meet growth projections for our business and capitalize on growth opportunities, including our ability to, among other things, acquire and integrate water and wastewater systems into our regulated operations, and enter into contracts and other agreements with, or otherwise obtain, new customers in our market-based businesses;

• risks and uncertainties associated with contracting with the U.S. government, including ongoing compliance with applicable government procurement and security regulations;

• cost overruns relating to improvements in or the expansion of our operations;

• our ability to maintain safe work sites;

1

• our exposure to liabilities related to environmental laws and similar matters resulting from, among other things, water and wastewater service provided to customers, including, for example, our water management solutions that are focused on customers in the natural gas exploration and production market;

• changes in general economic, political, business and financial market conditions;

• access to sufficient capital on satisfactory terms and when and as needed to support operations and capital expenditures;

• fluctuations in interest rates;

• restrictive covenants in or changes to the credit ratings on our current or future debt that could increase our financing costs or funding requirements or affect our ability to borrow, make payments on debt or pay dividends;

• fluctuations in the value of benefit plan assets and liabilities that could increase our cost and funding requirements;

• changes in federal or state general, income and other tax laws, including tax reform, the availability of tax credits and tax abatement programs, and our ability to utilize our U.S. and state net operating loss carryforwards;

• migration of customers into or out of our service territories;

• the use by municipalities of the power of eminent domain or other authority to condemn our systems;

• difficulty in obtaining, or the inability to obtain, insurance at acceptable rates and on acceptable terms and conditions, or an inability to obtain reimbursement under existing insurance programs for any losses sustained;

• the incurrence of impairment charges related to our goodwill or other assets;

• labor actions, including work stoppages and strikes;

• the ability to retain and attract qualified employees;

• civil disturbances or terrorist threats or acts, or public apprehension about future disturbances or terrorist threats or acts; and

• the impact of new, and changes to existing, accounting standards.

These forward-looking statements are qualified by, and should be read together with, the risk factors and other statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (“Form 10-K”), and in this Form 10-Q, and you should refer to such risks, uncertainties and risk factors in evaluating such forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements we make speak only as of the date this Form 10-Q was filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Except as required by the federal securities laws, we do not have any obligation, and we specifically disclaim any undertaking or intention, to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all such factors. Furthermore, it may not be possible to assess the impact of any such factor on our businesses, either viewed independently or together, or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. The foregoing factors should not be construed as exhaustive.

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.    CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

American Water Works Company, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share and per share data) 

	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
ASSETS
Property, plant and equipment	$	20,946		$	19,954
Accumulated depreciation	(5,265		)	(4,962		)
Property, plant and equipment, net	15,681			14,992
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	93			75
Restricted funds	28			20
Accounts receivable, net	312			269
Unbilled revenues	234			263
Materials and supplies	42			39
Other	151			118
Total current assets	860			784
Regulatory and other long-term assets:
Regulatory assets	1,374			1,289
Goodwill	1,373			1,345
Other	73			72
Total regulatory and other long-term assets	2,820			2,706
TOTAL ASSETS	$	19,361		$	18,482

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

3

American Water Works Company, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share and per share data) 

	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
CAPITALIZATION AND LIABILITIES
Capitalization:
Common stock ($0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 182,437,980 and 181,798,555 shares issued, respectively)	$	2		$	2
Paid-in-capital	6,423			6,388
Accumulated deficit	(573		)	(873		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(87		)	(86		)
Treasury stock, at cost (4,064,010 and 3,701,867 shares, respectively)	(247		)	(213		)
Total common stockholders' equity	5,518			5,218
Long-term debt	6,672			5,749
Redeemable preferred stock at redemption value	9			10
Total long-term debt	6,681			5,759
Total capitalization	12,199			10,977
Current liabilities:
Short-term debt	103			849
Current portion of long-term debt	687			574
Accounts payable	144			154
Accrued liabilities	498			609
Taxes accrued	61			31
Interest accrued	103			63
Other	151			112
Total current liabilities	1,747			2,392
Regulatory and other long-term liabilities:
Advances for construction	279			300
Deferred income taxes, net	2,862			2,596
Deferred investment tax credits	23			23
Regulatory liabilities	408			403
Accrued pension expense	421			419
Accrued postretirement benefit expense	84			87
Other	74			67
Total regulatory and other long-term liabilities	4,151			3,895
Contributions in aid of construction	1,264			1,218
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 9)
TOTAL CAPITALIZATION AND LIABILITIES	$	19,361		$	18,482

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

4

American Water Works Company, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies

Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)

(In millions, except per share data)

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Operating revenues	$	936		$	930		$	2,536		$	2,500
Operating expenses:
Operation and maintenance	324			432			1,010			1,131
Depreciation and amortization	128			119			378			350
General taxes	61			65			192			195
Gain on asset dispositions and purchases	(7		)	(5		)	(9		)	(8		)
Total operating expenses, net	506			611			1,571			1,668
Operating income	430			319			965			832
Other income (expense):
Interest, net	(89		)	(81		)	(259		)	(242		)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	(6		)	—			(6		)	—
Other, net	5			5			11			14
Total other income (expense)	(90		)	(76		)	(254		)	(228		)
Income before income taxes	340			243			711			604
Provision for income taxes	137			95			284			237
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	203		$	148		$	427		$	367
Basic earnings per share: (a)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	1.14		$	0.83		$	2.39		$	2.06
Diluted earnings per share:
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	1.13		$	0.83		$	2.39		$	2.05
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic	178			178			178			178
Diluted	179			178			179			179
Dividends declared per common share	$	0.415		$	0.375		$	0.83		$	0.75

(a) Amounts may not calculate due to rounding.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

5

American Water Works Company, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited)

(In millions)

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	203		$	148		$	427		$	367
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Pension amortized to periodic benefit cost:
Actuarial loss, net of tax of $1 for the three months and $3 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively	1			1			5			4
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—			—			(1		)	—
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $(3) and $(3) for the three months and $(4) and $(10) for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively	(3		)	(4		)	(5		)	(15		)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	(2		)	(3		)	(1		)	(11		)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	201		$	145		$	426		$	356

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

6

American Water Works Company, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(In millions)

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	427		$	367
Adjustments to reconcile to net cash flows provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	378			350
Deferred income taxes and amortization of investment tax credits	264			243
Provision for losses on accounts receivable	21			18
Gain on asset dispositions and purchases	(9		)	(8		)
Pension and non-pension postretirement benefits	44			43
Other non-cash, net	(39		)	(48		)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables and unbilled revenues	(34		)	(83		)
Pension and non-pension postretirement benefit contributions	(36		)	(42		)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(22		)	184
Other assets and liabilities, net	(8		)	(79		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	986			945
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures	(964		)	(928		)
Acquisitions	(10		)	(29		)
Proceeds from sale of assets and securities	9			5
Removal costs from property, plant and equipment retirements, net	(51		)	(62		)
Net funds restricted	(5		)	—
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,021		)	(1,014		)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from long-term debt	1,382			2
Repayments of long-term debt	(334		)	(20		)
Net short-term borrowings with maturities less than three months	(746		)	322
Proceeds from issuances of employee stock plans and DRIP	21			22
Advances and contributions for construction, net of refunds of $16 and $17, respectively	23			16
Debt issuance costs	(13		)	(1		)
Dividends paid	(215		)	(194		)
Anti-dilutive stock repurchase	(54		)	(65		)
Taxes paid related to employee stock plans	(11		)	(12		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	53			70
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	18			1
Cash and cash equivalents as of beginning of period	75			45
Cash and cash equivalents as of end of period	$	93		$	46
Non-cash investing activity:
Capital expenditures acquired on account but unpaid as of end of period	$	175		$	182
Acquisition financed by treasury stock	$	33		$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

7

American Water Works Company, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

(In millions)

	Common Stock			Paid-in-Capital		Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Treasury Stock					Total Stockholders' Equity
	Shares	Par Value										Shares		At Cost
Balance as of December 31, 2016	181.8	$	2	$	6,388	$	(873	)	$	(86	)	(3.7	)	$	(213	)	$	5,218
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle	—	—		—		21			—			—		—			21
Net income attributable to common stockholders	—	—		—		427			—			—		—			427
Direct stock reinvestment and purchase plan	0.1	—		6		—			—			—		—			6
Employee stock purchase plan	—	—		5		—			—			—		—			5
Stock-based compensation activity	0.5	—		18		—			—			(0.1	)	(7		)	11
Acquisitions via treasury stock	—	—		6		—			—			0.4		27			33
Repurchases of common stock	—	—		—		—			—			(0.7	)	(54		)	(54		)
Net other comprehensive loss	—	—		—		—			(1		)	—		—			(1		)
Dividends	—	—		—		(148		)	—			—		—			(148		)
Balance as of September 30, 2017	182.4	$	2	$	6,423	$	(573	)	$	(87	)	(4.1	)	$	(247	)	$	5,518
	Common Stock								Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Treasury Stock					Total Stockholders' Equity
	Shares	Par Value		Paid-in-Capital		Accumulated Deficit						Shares		At Cost
Balance as of December 31, 2015	180.9	$	2	$	6,351	$	(1,073	)	$	(88	)	(2.6	)	$	(143	)	$	5,049
Net income attributable to common stockholders	—	—		—		367			—			—		—			367
Direct stock reinvestment and purchase plan	—	—		4		—			—			—		—			4
Employee stock purchase plan	—	—		5		—			—			—		—			5
Stock-based compensation activity	0.8	—		28		—			—			(0.1	)	(6		)	22
Repurchases of common stock	—	—		—		—			—			(1.0	)	(65		)	(65		)
Net other comprehensive loss	—	—		—		—			(11		)	—		—			(11		)
Dividends	—	—		—		(133		)	—			—		—			(133		)
Balance as of September 30, 2016	181.7	$	2	$	6,388	$	(839	)	$	(99	)	(3.7	)	$	(214	)	$	5,238

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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American Water Works Company, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Unless otherwise noted, in millions, except per share data)

Note 1: Basis of Presentation

The unaudited consolidated financial statements provided in this report include the accounts of American Water Works Company, Inc. and all of its subsidiaries (collectively, “American Water” or the “Company”) in which a controlling interest is maintained after the elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and with the rules and regulations for reporting on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not contain certain information and disclosures required by GAAP for comprehensive financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position as of September 30, 2017 and results of operations and cash flows for all periods presented have been made. All adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature, except as otherwise disclosed.

The Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2016 is derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2016. The unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes included in this report should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (“Form 10-K”) which provides a more complete discussion of the Company’s accounting policies, financial position, operating results and other matters. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year, due primarily to the seasonality of the Company’s operations.

Note 2: New Accounting Standards

The Company adopted the following accounting standard on January 1, 2017:

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Application	Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements (or Other Significant Matters)
Simplification of Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting	Simplified accounting and disclosure requirements for share-based payment awards. The updated guidance addresses simplification in areas such as: (i) the recognition of excess tax benefits and deficiencies; (ii) the classification of excess tax benefits and taxes paid on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (iii) election of an accounting policy for forfeitures; and (iv) the amount an employer can withhold to cover income taxes and still qualify for equity classification.	January 1, 2017	Modified retrospective for the recognition of excess tax benefits and deficiencies; full retrospective for the classification of excess tax benefits and taxes paid on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	The cumulative effect of adoption increased retained earnings by $21, with an offsetting decrease to deferred income taxes, net. Adoption also increased cash flows from operating activities and decreased cash flows from financing activities by $17 and $20 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

9

The following recently issued accounting standards are not yet required to be adopted by the Company as of September 30, 2017:

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Permitted Application	Estimated Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements (or Other Significant Matters)
Revenue from Contracts with Customers	Changes the criteria for recognizing revenue from a contract with a customer. Replaces existing guidance on revenue recognition, including most industry specific guidance. The objective is to provide a single, comprehensive revenue recognition model for all contracts with customers to improve comparability within industries, across industries and across capital markets. The underlying principle is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods and services to customers at an amount the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance also requires a number of disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Full or modified retrospective	The Company has substantially completed its evaluation and does not expect a material change. The Company continues to monitor for new interpretative guidance, which could impact the current evaluation. The Company plans to adopt using the modified retrospective method.
Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments on the Statement of Cash Flows	Provides guidance on the presentation and classification in the statement of cash flows for the following cash receipts and payments: (i) debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; (ii) settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing; (iii) contingent consideration payments made after a business combination; (iv) proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims; (v) proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies; (vi) distributions received from equity method investees; (vii) beneficial interests in securitization transactions and (viii) separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Retrospective	The Company will reclassify a $34 make-whole premium payment from operating activities to financing activities on its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows upon adoption. See Note 6: Long-Term Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding this make-whole premium payment.
Presentation of Changes in Restricted Cash on the Statement of Cash Flows	Updates the accounting and disclosure guidance for the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statements of cash flows. The amended guidance requires that the statements of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and amounts described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents will now be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statements of cash flows.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Retrospective	The Company does not anticipate significant impacts on its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Clarifying the Definition of a Business	Updates the accounting guidance to clarify the definition of a business with the objective of assisting entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions, or disposals, of assets or businesses.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Prospective	The update could result in more acquisitions being accounted for as asset acquisitions. The effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements will be dependent on the acquisitions that close subsequent to adoption.
Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets	Updated the guidance to clarify the accounting for gains and losses resulting from the derecognition of nonfinancial assets and partial sale of nonfinancial assets. The guidance also clarifies the definition of an in-substance nonfinancial asset.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Full or modified retrospective	The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. The Company plans to adopt using the modified retrospective method.
Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost	Updated authoritative guidance requires the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost to be presented in the same income statement line item(s) as other employee compensation costs arising from services rendered during the period. The remaining components of net periodic benefit cost are required to be presented separately from the service cost component in an income statement line item outside of operating income. Also, the guidance only allows for the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization. The updated guidance does not impact the accounting for net periodic benefit costs as regulatory assets or liabilities.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Retrospective for the presentation of net periodic benefit cost components in the income statement; prospective for the capitalization of net periodic benefit costs components in total assets	The Company will reclassify net periodic benefit cost components, other than the service cost component, to other, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company will continue to capitalize and will record net periodic benefit costs probable of recovery from customers as a regulatory asset or liability, other than the service cost components.
Accounting for Leases	Updated the accounting and disclosure guidance for leasing arrangements. Under this guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize the following for all leases, excluding short-term leases, at the commencement date: (i) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (ii) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged.	January 1, 2019; early adoption permitted	Modified retrospective	The Company is evaluating the effect on its consolidated financial statements.

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Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Permitted Application	Estimated Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements (or Other Significant Matters)
Accounting for Hedging Activities	Updated the accounting and disclosure guidance for hedging activities, which allows for more financial and nonfinancial hedging strategies to be eligible for hedge accounting. Under this guidance, a qualitative effectiveness assessment is permitted for certain hedges if an entity can reasonably support an expectation of high effectiveness throughout the term of the hedge, provided that an initial quantitative test establishes that the hedge relationship is highly effective. Also, for cash flow hedges determined to be highly effective, all changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument will be recorded in other comprehensive income with a subsequent reclassification to earnings when the hedged item impacts earnings.	January 1, 2019; early adoption permitted	Modified retrospective for adjustments related to the measurement of ineffectiveness for cash flow hedges; prospective for the updated presentation and disclosure requirements	The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements based on the hedges held as of the balance sheet date. The Company is evaluating the timing of adoption.
Simplification of Goodwill Impairment Testing	Updated authoritative guidance which simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Under the amendments in the update, an entity should perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary.	January 1, 2020; early adoption permitted	Prospective	The Company is evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements, as well as the timing of adoption.
Measurement of Credit Losses	Updated the accounting guidance on reporting credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost basis and available-for-sale debt securities. Under this guidance, expected credit losses are required to be measured based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount of financial assets. Also, this guidance requires that credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities be presented as an allowance rather than as a direct write-down.	January 1, 2020; early adoption permitted	Modified retrospective	The Company is evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements, as well as the timing of adoption.

Note 3: Acquisitions

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company closed on 14 acquisitions of various regulated water and wastewater systems for a total aggregate purchase price of $43. Included in this total was the Company’s acquisition of all the outstanding capital stock of the Shorelands Water Company, Inc. on April 3, 2017, for total consideration of $33, in the form of approximately 0.4 shares of the Company’s common stock. Assets acquired in the aforementioned acquisitions, principally utility plant, totaled $40. Liabilities assumed totaled $23, including $10 of contributions in aid of construction and assumed debt of $7. The Company recorded additional goodwill of $28 associated with three of the acquisitions, which is reported in the Company’s Regulated Businesses segment, and recognized a bargain purchase gain of $2 associated with one of the acquisitions. The preliminary purchase price allocations related to these acquisitions will be finalized once the valuation of assets acquired has been completed, no later than one year after their acquisition date.

During the first quarter of 2017, the Company made a non-escrowed deposit of $2 related to the asset purchase agreement to acquire substantially all of the wastewater collection and treatment system assets of the Municipal Authority of the City of McKeesport, Pennsylvania for approximately $159. On October 26, 2017, a joint petition for settlement of this acquisition was approved by the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission. The closing of this acquisition is subject to the satisfaction of various conditions and covenants. The Company expects to close this acquisition by the end of 2017.

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Note 4: Stockholders’ Equity

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table presents changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively:

	Defined Benefit Plans							Foreign Currency Translation			Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
	Employee Benefit Plan Funded Status			Amortization of Prior Service Cost		Amortization of Actuarial Loss
Beginning balance as of December 31, 2016	$	(147	)	$	1	$	42	$	2		$	16		$	(86	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	—			—		—		(1		)	(5		)	(6		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—			—		5		—			—			5
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	—			—		5		(1		)	(5		)	(1		)
Ending balance as of September 30, 2017	$	(147	)	$	1	$	47	$	1		$	11		$	(87	)
Beginning balance as of December 31, 2015	$	(126	)	$	1	$	36	$	2		$	(1	)	$	(88	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	—			—		—		—			(15		)	(15		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—			—		4		—			—			4
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	—			—		4		—			(15		)	(11		)
Ending balance as of September 30, 2016	$	(126	)	$	1	$	40	$	2		$	(16	)	$	(99	)

The Company does not reclassify the amortization of defined benefit pension cost components from accumulated other comprehensive loss directly to net income in its entirety, as a portion of these costs have been capitalized as a regulatory asset. These accumulated other comprehensive income loss components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost. See Note 8— Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits.

The amortization of the loss on cash flow hedges is reclassified to net income during the period incurred and is included in interest, net in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Anti-dilutive Stock Repurchase Program

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company repurchased 0.7 shares of common stock in the open market at an aggregate cost of $54 under the anti-dilutive stock repurchase program authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors in 2015. As of September 30, 2017, there were 6.1 shares of common stock available for repurchase under the program.

Note 5: Stock Based Compensation

On May 12, 2017, the Company’s stockholders approved the American Water Works Company, Inc. 2017 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan (the “2017 Omnibus Plan”). A total of 7.2 shares of common stock may be issued under the 2017 Omnibus Plan. The 2017 Omnibus Plan provides that grants of awards may be in any of the following forms: incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock units, stock awards, other stock-based awards and dividend equivalents, which may be granted only on stock units or other stock-based awards.

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Note 6: Long-Term Debt

The following long-term debt was issued during the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

Company	Type	Rate	Maturity	Amount
American Water Capital Corp. (a)	Senior Notes	2.95%-3.75%	2027-2047	$	1,350
Other American Water subsidiaries	Private activity bonds and government funded debt—fixed rate	0.00%-3.92%	2020-2036	21
Other American Water subsidiaries	Term Loan	4.48%-4.98%	2021	11
Total issuances				$	1,382

(a) American Water Capital Corp. (“AWCC”), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, has a support agreement with the Company that, under certain circumstances, is the functional equivalent of a parent company guarantee. This indebtedness is considered “debt” for purposes of this support agreement.

The following long-term debt was retired through sinking fund provisions, optional redemptions or payment at maturity during the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

Company	Type	Rate	Maturity	Amount
American Water Capital Corp.	Senior Notes	5.62%-5.77%	2018-2021	$	319
American Water Capital Corp.	Private activity bonds and government funded debt—fixed rate	1.79%-2.90%	2021-2031	1
Other American Water subsidiaries	Private activity bonds and government funded debt—fixed rate	0.00%-5.38%	2017-2041	12
Other American Water subsidiaries	Term Loan	4.48%-4.98%	2021	1
Other American Water subsidiaries	Mandatorily redeemable preferred stock	8.49%	2036	1
Total retirements and redemptions				$	334

On August 10, 2017, AWCC completed a $1,350 debt offering which included the sale of $600 aggregate principal amount of its 2.95% Senior Notes due in 2027 and $750 aggregate principal amount of its 3.75% Senior Notes due in 2047. At the closing of the offering, AWCC received, after deduction of underwriting discounts and debt issuance costs, $1,333. On September 13, 2017, AWCC used proceeds from the offering to: (i) prepay $138 of its outstanding 5.62% Series C Senior Notes due December 21, 2018 (“Series C Senior Notes”) and $181 of its outstanding 5.77% Series D Senior Notes due December 21, 2021 (“Series D Senior Notes”); (ii) repay commercial paper obligations; and (iii) for general corporate purposes. Subsequently, AWCC used proceeds from the offering to repay at maturity, $524 of its 6.085% Senior Notes on October 15, 2017. In addition, the Company repaid $33 of 7.08% subsidiary debt at maturity on November 1, 2017.

As a result of AWCC’s prepayment of the Series C and Series D Senior Notes and payment of a make-whole premium to the holders thereof of $34, the Company recorded an early debt extinguishment charge of $6, which was associated with the portion of the debt allocable to the Company’s parent. Substantially all of the early debt extinguishment costs allocable to the Company’s utility subsidiaries were recorded as regulatory assets that the Company believes are probable of recovery in future rates.

On August 7, 2017, the Company terminated four forward starting swap agreements with an aggregate notional amount of $300, realizing a gain of $19 to be amortized through interest, net over 30 years. The Company has one remaining forward starting swap agreement, which was entered into on February 8, 2017, with a notional amount of $100 to reduce interest rate exposure for a portion of the expected refinancing of AWCC’s Series C Senior Notes. This forward starting swap agreement terminates in November 2018 and has an average fixed rate of 2.67%. The Company has designated this forward starting swap agreement as a cash flow hedge with its fair value recorded in accumulated other comprehensive gain or loss. Upon termination, the cumulative gain or loss recorded in accumulated other comprehensive gain or loss will be amortized through interest, net over the term of the new debt.

The Company has an interest rate swap to hedge $100 of its 6.085% Senior Notes maturing in the fourth quarter of 2017. The Company pays variable interest of six-month LIBOR plus 3.422% and has designated this interest rate swap as a fair value hedge accounted for at fair value with gains or losses, as well as the offsetting gains or losses on the hedged item, recognized in interest, net. The net gain and loss recognized by the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was de minimis. This interest rate swap matured on October 15, 2017.

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The Company has employed interest rate swaps to fix the interest cost on a portion of its variable-rate debt with an aggregate notional amount of $6. The Company has designated these interest rate swaps as economic hedges accounted for at fair value with gains or losses deferred as a regulatory asset or regulatory liability. The net gain recognized by the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was de minimis.

No ineffectiveness was recognized on hedging instruments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.

The following table provides a summary of the gross fair value for the Company’s derivative asset and liabilities, as well as the location of the asset and liability balances in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:

Derivative Instruments	Derivative Designation	Balance Sheet Classification	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Asset Derivative
Forward starting swaps	Cash flow hedge	Other current assets	$	—	$	27
Interest rate swap	Fair value hedge	Other current assets	—		1
Liability Derivative
Interest rate swap	Fair value hedge	Current portion of long-term debt	$	—	$	1
Forward starting swaps	Cash flow hedge	Other long-term liabilities	2		—

Note 7: Income Taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rate was 40.3% and 39.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 39.9% and 39.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

On April 11, 2017, the State of New York enacted legislation that increased the state income tax rate on the Company’s taxable income attributable to New York. This legislation eliminated the production of water as a qualified manufacturing activity in New York, which effectively increased the state income tax rate in New York. As a result of the legislative change, the Company was required to re-measure its cumulative deferred tax balances using the higher state income tax rate in the second quarter of 2017. This change in legislation was the primary cause of an increase to the Company’s unitary deferred tax liability of $11. The portion of this increase related to the Company’s New York subsidiary calculated on a stand-alone basis was $7, and was offset by a regulatory asset, as the Company believes it is probable of recovery in future rates. The remaining increase in the deferred tax liability was calculated through state tax apportionment rates and recorded at the consolidated level, resulting in a non-cash, cumulative charge to earnings of $4 during the second quarter of 2017.

On July 7, 2017, the State of Illinois enacted legislation that increased, effective July 1, 2017, the state income tax rate on the Company’s taxable income attributable to Illinois from 7.75% to 9.5%. As a result of the legislative change, the Company was required to re-measure its cumulative deferred tax balances using the higher state income tax rate in the third quarter of 2017. This change in legislation was the primary cause of the increase to the Company’s unitary deferred tax liability of $7. The portion of this increase related to the Company’s Illinois subsidiary calculated on a stand-alone basis was $4, and was offset by a regulatory asset, as the Company believes it is probable of recovery in future rates. The remaining increase in the deferred tax liability was recorded at the consolidated level, resulting in a non-cash, cumulative charge of $3 during the third quarter of 2017.

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Note 8: Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

The following table provides the components of net periodic benefit costs:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Components of net periodic pension benefit cost
Service cost	$	8		$	8		$	25		$	24
Interest cost	20			20			60			60
Expected return on plan assets	(23		)	(24		)	(70		)	(72		)
Amortization of actuarial loss	9			7			27			21
Net periodic pension benefit cost	$	14		$	11		$	42		$	33
Components of net periodic other postretirement benefit cost
Service cost	$	3		$	3		$	8		$	9
Interest cost	7			7			20			22
Expected return on plan assets	(7		)	(7		)	(20		)	(20		)
Amortization of prior service credit	(5		)	(3		)	(14		)	(4		)
Amortization of actuarial loss	3			1			8			3
Net periodic other postretirement benefit cost	$	1		$	1		$	2		$	10

The Company made contributions for the funding of its defined benefit pension plans of $11 and $8 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $31 and $25 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and expects to contribute $9 during the remainder of 2017. In addition, the Company made contributions for the funding of its other postretirement plans of $2 and $6 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $5 and $17 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and expects to contribute $1 during the remainder of 2017.

Note 9: Commitments and Contingencies

Contingencies

The Company is routinely involved in legal actions incident to the normal conduct of its business. As of September 30, 2017, the Company has accrued approximately $139 of probable loss contingencies and has estimated that the maximum amount of losses associated with reasonably possible loss contingencies that can be reasonably estimated is $27. For certain matters, claims and actions, the Company is unable to estimate possible losses. The Company believes that damages or settlements, if any, recovered by plaintiffs in such matters, claims or actions, other than as described in this Note 9, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.

West Virginia Elk River Freedom Industries Chemical Spill

Background

On January 9, 2014, a chemical storage tank owned by Freedom Industries, Inc. leaked two substances, 4-methylcyclohexane methanol, or “MCHM”, and PPH/DiPPH, a mix of polyglycol ethers, into the Elk River near the West Virginia-American Water Company (“WVAWC”) treatment plant intake in Charleston, West Virginia. After having been alerted to the leak of MCHM by the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (“DEP”), WVAWC took immediate steps to gather more information about MCHM, augment its treatment process as a precaution, and begin consultations with federal, state and local public health officials. As soon as possible after it was determined that the augmented treatment process would not fully remove the MCHM, a joint decision was reached in consultation with the West Virginia Bureau for Public Health to issue a “Do Not Use” order for all of its approximately 93,000 customer accounts in parts of nine West Virginia counties served by the Charleston treatment plant. By January 18, 2014, none of WVAWC’s customers were subject to the Do Not Use order.

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Following the Freedom Industries chemical spill, numerous lawsuits were filed against WVAWC and certain other Company affiliated entities (collectively, the “American Water Defendants”) with respect to this matter in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia or West Virginia Circuit Courts in Kanawha, Boone and Putnam counties, and to date, 74 cases remain pending. Four of the cases pending before the U.S. district court were consolidated for purposes of discovery, and an amended consolidated class action complaint for those cases (the “Federal action”) was filed in December 2014 by several plaintiffs. On January 28, 2016, all of the then-filed state court cases were referred to West Virginia’s Mass Litigation Panel for further proceedings, which have been stayed pending the negotiation by the parties and approval by the court in the Federal action of a global agreement to settle all of such cases, as described below. On July 7, 2016, the court in the Federal action scheduled trial to begin on October 25, 2016, but the court has granted several continuances of the trial, which is currently postponed indefinitely in light of the preliminarily approved global settlement agreement described below. The Mass Litigation Panel has also stayed its proceedings until January 23, 2018.

Preliminary Approval of WVAWC Global Class Action Litigation Settlement

On October 31, 2016, the court in the Federal action approved the preliminary principles, terms and conditions of a binding global agreement in principle to settle claims among the American Water Defendants, and all class members, putative class members, claimants and potential claimants, arising out of the Freedom Industries chemical spill. On April 27, 2017, the parties filed with the court in the Federal action a proposed settlement agreement providing details of the terms of the settlement of these matters and requesting that the court in the Federal action grant preliminary approval of such settlement. On July 6, 2017, the court in the Federal action issued an opinion denying without prejudice the joint motion for preliminary approval of the Settlement. On August 25, 2017, the parties filed a proposed amended settlement agreement and related materials addressing the matters set forth in the July 6, 2017 order.

On September 21, 2017, the court in the Federal action issued an order granting preliminary approval of a settlement class and proposed class action settlement (the “Settlement”) with respect to claims against the American Water Defendants by all putative class members (collectively, the “Plaintiffs”) for all claims and potential claims arising out of the Freedom Industries chemical spill. The Settlement proposes a global resolution of all federal and state litigation and potential claims against the American Water Defendants and their insurers. Under the terms and conditions of the Settlement and the proposed amended settlement agreement, the American Water Defendants have not admitted, and will not admit, any fault or liability for any of the allegations made by the Plaintiffs in any of the actions to be resolved. Under federal class action rules, a claimant may elect to opt out of the final Settlement, in which case such claimant will not receive any benefit from or be bound by the terms of the Settlement. The American Water Defendants would have the right to withdraw from the Settlement if more than a certain number of putative class members opt out of the Settlement. The deadline imposed by the court in the Federal action for any Plaintiff to opt out of the Settlement or file an objection to the Settlement is December 8, 2017.

The proposed aggregate pre-tax amount of the Settlement is $126, of which $43 would be contributed by WVAWC, and the remainder would be contributed by certain of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers. The WVAWC contribution was reduced from $65 to $43 ($26 after tax) due to a settlement in the third quarter of 2017 with another of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers, as discussed below. The Company has general liability insurance under a series of policies underwritten by a number of individual carriers. Two of these insurance carriers, which provide an aggregate of $50 in insurance coverage to the Company under these policies, had been originally requested to participate in the Settlement at the time of the initial filing of the binding agreement in principle with the court in the Federal action, but did not agree to do so at that time. WVAWC filed a lawsuit against one of these carriers alleging that the carrier’s failure to agree to participate in the Settlement constituted a breach of contract. On September 19, 2017, the Company and the insurance carrier settled this lawsuit for $22, out of a maximum of $25 in potential coverage under the terms of the relevant policy, in exchange for a full release by the Company and WVAWC of all claims against the insurance carrier related to the Freedom Industries chemical spill. WVAWC and the settling insurer have agreed to stay this litigation pending final approval of the Settlement. The Company and WVAWC continue to pursue vigorously their rights to insurance coverage for contributions by WVAWC to the Settlement in mandatory arbitration with the remaining non-participating carrier. This arbitration proceeding remains pending.

The proposed Settlement would establish a two-tier settlement fund for the payment of claims, comprised of (i) a simple claim fund, which is also referred to as the “guaranteed fund,” of $76, of which $29 will be contributed by WVAWC, including insurance deductibles, and $47 would be contributed by two of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers, and (ii) an individual review claim fund of up to $50, of which up to $14 would be contributed by WVAWC and up to $36 would be contributed by a number of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers. Separately, up to $25 would be contributed to the guaranteed fund by another defendant to the Settlement. If any final approval order by the court in the Federal action with respect to the Settlement is appealed and such appeal would delay potential payment to claimants under the Settlement, WVAWC and the other defendant to the Settlement will contribute up to $50 and $25, respectively, to the Settlement (not including, in the case of WVAWC, any contributions by the Company’s general liability insurance carriers which would not be made until such time as a final, non-appealable order is issued) into an escrow account during the pendency of such appeals. For certain claims, WVAWC and the other defendant to the Settlement may, in lieu of these escrowed contributions, make advance payments of such claims if agreed to by the parties. All administrative expenses of the Settlement and attorneys’ fees of class counsel related thereto would be paid from the funds designated to pay claims covered by the Settlement.

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As a result of these events, in the third quarter of 2016, the Company recorded a charge to earnings, net of insurance receivables, of $65 ($39 after-tax). Additionally, in the third quarter of 2017, the Company recorded a benefit of $22 ($13 after-tax) as an additional insurance receivable reflecting the settlement with the insurance carrier described above. The settlement amount of $126 is reflected in Accrued Liabilities and the offsetting insurance receivables are reflected in Other Current Assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2017. The Company intends to fund WVAWC’s contributions to the Settlement through existing sources of liquidity, although no contribution by WVAWC will be required unless and until the terms of the Settlement are finally approved by the court in the Federal action. Furthermore, under the terms of the Settlement, WVAWC has agreed that it will not seek rate recovery from the Public Service Commission of West Virginia for approximately $4 in direct response costs expensed in 2014 by WVAWC relating to the Freedom Industries chemical spill as well as for amounts paid by WVAWC under the Settlement.

The Company’s insurance policies operate under a layered structure where coverage is generally provided in the upper layers after claims have exhausted lower layers of coverage. The $36 to be contributed by a number of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers to the individual review claim fund, as noted above, is from higher layers of the insurance structure than the insurance carrier that was requested, but presently has not agreed, to participate in the Settlement. Any recovery by WVAWC or the Company from the remaining non-participating carrier would reimburse WVAWC for its contributions to the guaranteed fund.

Other Related Proceedings

Additionally, investigations with respect to the matter have been initiated by the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (the “CSB”), the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of West Virginia, the West Virginia Attorney General, and the Public Service Commission of West Virginia (the “PSC”). As a result of the U.S. Attorney’s Office investigation, Freedom Industries and six former Freedom Industries employees (three of whom also were former owners of Freedom Industries), pled guilty to violations of the federal Clean Water Act.

In May 2014, the PSC issued an Order initiating a General Investigation into certain matters relating to WVAWC’s response to the Freedom Industries chemical spill. Three parties intervened in the proceeding, including the Consumer Advocate Division of the PSC and two attorney-sponsored groups, including one sponsored by some of the plaintiffs’ counsel involved in the civil litigation described above. On January 26, 2017, WVAWC and the other parties agreed to resolve the General Investigation and filed a joint stipulation with the PSC containing the terms of the settlement. The parties to the joint stipulation filed a proposed order with the PSC on February 8, 2017. On June 15, 2017, the PSC entered an order accepting the joint stipulation that had been filed by the parties in January 2017 as a reasonable basis for resolving the General Investigation and removing the proceeding from the docket. The PSC’s order did not require WVAWC to take any further action with respect to the matters covered by the General Investigation. The PSC order concludes the General Investigation.

The CSB is an independent investigatory agency with no regulatory mandate or ability to issue fines or citations; rather, the CSB can only issue recommendations for further action. In response to the Freedom Industries chemical spill, the CSB commenced an investigation shortly thereafter. On September 28, 2016, the CSB issued and adopted its investigation report in which it recommended that the Company conduct additional source water protection activities. The Company provided written comments to the CSB’s report suggesting that the recommendation made to the Company would be better directed to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in order to promote industry-wide implementation of the CSB’s recommendation. On February 15, 2017, the Company filed a response to the CSB’s recommendation. On April 4, 2017, the CSB indicated that the implementation by the Company of source water protection activities resolved the first two parts of the CSB’s recommendation. The CSB also noted that compliance by the Company with the third part of its recommendation is ongoing and that closure of this part is contingent upon completion of updated contingency planning for the Company’s water utilities outside of West Virginia. In light of public response to its original September 2016 investigation report, on May 11, 2017, the CSB issued a new version of this report. The primary substantive change addressed CSB’s factual evaluation of the duration and volume of contamination from the leaking tank, decreasing its estimate of the leak time but increasing the volume estimate by 10%. No substantive changes were made to the conclusions and recommendations in the original report.

On March 16, 2017, the Lincoln County (West Virginia) Commission (the “LCC”) passed a county ordinance entitled the “Lincoln County, WV Comprehensive Public Nuisance Investigation and Abatement Ordinance.” The ordinance establishes a mechanism that Lincoln County believes will allow it to pursue criminal or civil proceedings for the “public nuisance” it alleges was caused by the Freedom Industries chemical spill. On April 20, 2017, the LCC filed a complaint in Lincoln County state court against WVAWC and certain other defendants not affiliated with the Company, alleging that the Freedom Industries chemical spill caused a public nuisance in Lincoln County. On June 12, 2017, the Mass Litigation Panel entered an order granting a motion to transfer this case to its jurisdiction and stayed the case consistent with the existing stay order. The complaint seeks an injunction against WVAWC that would require the creation of various databases and public repositories of documents related to this chemical spill, as well as further study and risk assessments regarding the alleged exposure by Lincoln County residents to the released chemicals. WVAWC believes that the lawsuit is without merit and intends to vigorously contest the claims and allegations raised in the complaint.

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California Public Utilities Commission Residential Rate Design Proceeding

In December 2016, the California Public Utilities Commission (the “CPUC”) issued a final decision in a proceeding involving California-American Water Company, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary (“Cal Am”), adopting a new residential rate design for Cal Am’s Monterey District. The decision allowed for recovery by Cal Am of $32 in under-collections in the water revenue adjustment mechanism/modified cost balancing account (“WRAM/MCBA”) over a five-year period, plus interest, and modified existing conservation and rationing plans. In its decision, the CPUC noted concern regarding Cal Am’s residential tariff administration, specifically regarding the lack of verification of customer-provided information about the number of residents per household. This information was used for generating billing determinants under the tiered rate system. As a result, the CPUC kept this proceeding open to address several issues, including whether Cal Am’s residential tariff administration violated a statute, rule or CPUC decision, and if so, whether a penalty should be imposed.

On February 24, 2017, Cal Am, the Monterey Peninsula Water Management District, the CPUC’s Office of Ratepayer Advocates, and the Coalition of Peninsula Businesses filed for CPUC approval of a joint settlement agreement (the “Joint Settlement Agreement”), which among other things, proposed to resolve the CPUC’s residential tariff administration concerns by providing for a waiver by Cal Am of $0.5 of cost recovery for residential customers through the WRAM/MCBA in lieu of a penalty. Approval of the Joint Settlement Agreement, which is required for it to take effect, remains pending before the CPUC.

On March 28, 2017, the administrative law judge assigned to the proceeding issued a ruling stating there was sufficient evidence to conclude, on a preliminary basis, that Cal Am’s administration of the residential tariff violated certain provisions of the California Public Utilities Code and a CPUC decision. The ruling ordered Cal Am to show cause why it should not be penalized for these administrative violations and directed the settling parties to address whether the cost recovery waiver in the Joint Settlement Agreement was reasonable compared to a potential penalty range described by the administrative law judge. During hearings held on April 13-14, 2017, the administrative law judge clarified that this potential penalty range is $3 to $179 (calculated as a continuing violation dating back to 2000 and applying penalties of up to $20 thousand per day until January 1, 2012 and penalties of up to $50 thousand per day thereafter, reflecting a 2012 change to the relevant statute). The administrative law judge also noted that a per diem penalty may not be appropriate, as Cal Am’s monthly billing practices did not allow Cal Am to update customer-provided information for billing purposes on a daily basis. Hearings before the administrative law judge in this matter occurred in August and September 2017. Cal Am also submitted additional testimony on the issue of whether Cal Am should be penalized, and if so, the reasonable amount of any such penalty. A subsequent hearing in this proceeding is currently scheduled for November 27, 2017.

As of September 30, 2017, the portions of this loss contingency that are probable and/or reasonable possible have been determined to be immaterial to the Company and have been included in the aggregate maximum amounts described above in the first paragraph of “Contingencies” in this Note 9.

Missouri Infrastructure System Replacement Surcharge Litigation

In March 2016, the Western District of the Missouri Court of Appeals ruled that the Missouri Public Service Commission (“MoPSC”) did not have statutory authority to issue an order in June 2015 approving an infrastructure system replacement surcharge (“ISRS”) for Missouri-American Water Company (“MAWC”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The court held that the MoPSC’s June 2015 order authorizing the ISRS increase was invalid because St. Louis County did not have a population of at least one million residents, as required by the statute. MAWC believes that the MoPSC’s June 2015 order authorizing the collection of ISRS revenues is lawful. In June 2016, the Missouri Supreme Court granted MAWC’s application to transfer the case from the Court of Appeals to the Missouri Supreme Court, and as a result of that order, the March 2016 ruling of the Court of Appeals was vacated.

On March 14, 2017, in a unanimous decision, the Missouri Supreme Court dismissed the case as moot, finding that there were no longer any ISRS funds in dispute because MAWC had completed a rate case during the appellate process and the disputed charges were now incorporated in base rates. On May 30, 2017, the Missouri Supreme Court denied a Motion for Rehearing filed by the Missouri Office of Public Counsel, which action concluded the litigation in this matter.

Dunbar, West Virginia Water Main Break Class Action Litigation

On the evening of June 23, 2015, a 36-inch pre-stressed concrete transmission water main, installed in the early 1970s, failed. The water main is part of WVAWC’s West Relay pumping station located in the City of Dunbar. The failure of the main caused water outages and low pressure to up to approximately 25,000 WVAWC customers. In the early morning hours of June 25, 2015, crews completed a repair, but that same day, the repair developed a leak. On June 26, 2015, a second repair was completed and service was restored that day to approximately 80% of the impacted customers, and to the remaining approximately 20% by the next morning. The second repair showed signs of leaking but the water main was usable until June 29, 2015 to allow tanks to refill. The system was reconfigured to maintain service to all but approximately 3,000 customers while a final repair was completed safely on June 30, 2015. Water service was fully restored on July 1, 2015 to all customers affected by this event.

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On June 2, 2017, a class action complaint was filed in West Virginia Circuit Court in Kanawha County against WVAWC on behalf of a purported class of residents and business owners who lost water service or pressure as a result of the Dunbar main break. The complaint alleges breach of contract by WVAWC for failure to supply water, violation of West Virginia law regarding the sufficiency of WVAWC’s facilities and negligence by WVAWC in the design, maintenance and operation of the water system. The plaintiffs seek unspecified alleged damages on behalf of the class for lost profits, annoyance and inconvenience, and loss of use, as well as punitive damages for willful, reckless and wanton behavior in not addressing the risk of pipe failure and a large outage.

On October 12, 2017, WVAWC filed with the court a motion seeking to dismiss all of the plaintiffs’ counts alleging statutory and common law tort claims. Furthermore, WVAWC asserts that the Public Service Commission of West Virginia, and not the court, has primary jurisdiction over allegations involving violations of the applicable tariff, the public utility code and related rules. This motion remains pending.

The Company and WVAWC believe that WVAWC has valid, meritorious defenses to the claims raised in this class action complaint. WVAWC is vigorously defending itself against these allegations. Given the current stage of this proceeding, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the amount of any reasonably possible losses or a range of such losses related to this proceeding.

Note 10: Earnings per Common Share

The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for basic and diluted earnings per share calculations:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017		2016		2017		2016
Numerator
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	203	$	148	$	427	$	367
Denominator
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—Basic	178		178		178		178
Effect of dilutive common stock equivalents	1		—		1		1
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—Diluted	179		178		179		179

The effect of dilutive common stock equivalents is related to restricted stock units and performance stock units granted under the 2007 and 2017 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plans, as well as shares purchased under the Company’s Nonqualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

Note 11: Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company used the following methods and assumptions to estimate its fair value disclosures for financial instruments:

Current assets and current liabilities—The carrying amounts reported in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets for current assets and current liabilities, including revolving credit debt, due to the short-term maturities and variable interest rates, approximate their fair values.

Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements and long-term debt—The fair values of preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements and long-term debt are categorized within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs that are used to value each instrument. The fair value of long-term debt classified as Level 1 is calculated using quoted prices in active markets. Level 2 instruments are valued using observable inputs and Level 3 instruments are valued using observable and unobservable inputs. The fair values of instruments classified as Level 2 and Level 3 are determined by a valuation model that is based on a conventional discounted cash flow methodology and utilizes assumptions of current market rates. As a portion of the Company’s debts do not trade in active markets, the Company calculated a base yield curve using a risk-free rate (a U.S. Treasury securities yield curve) plus a credit spread that is based on the following two factors: (i) an average of the Company’s own publicly-traded debt securities and (ii) the current market rates for U.S. Utility A debt securities. The Company used these yield curve assumptions to derive a base yield for the Level 2 and Level 3 securities. Additionally, the Company adjusted the base yield for specific features of the debt securities including call features, coupon tax treatment and collateral for the Level 3 instruments.

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The carrying amounts, including fair value adjustments previously recognized in acquisition purchase accounting and a fair value adjustment related to the Company’s interest rate swap fair value hedge (which is classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy), and fair values of the financial instruments were as follows:

	Carrying Amount		At Fair Value as of September 30, 2017
			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	$	11	$	—	$	—	$	15	$	15
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations)	7,357		5,375		990		1,867		8,232
	Carrying Amount		At Fair Value as of December 31, 2016
			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	$	12	$	—	$	—	$	15	$	15
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations)	6,320		3,876		1,363		1,805		7,044

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis and their level in the fair value hierarchy:

	At Fair Value as of September 30, 2017
	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Total
Assets:
Restricted funds	$	29	$	—		$	—	$	29
Rabbi trust investments	14		—			—		14
Deposits	4		—			—		4
Other investments	4		—			—		4
Total assets	51		—			—		51
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation obligations	16		—			—		16
Mark-to-market derivative liabilities	—		2			—		2
Total liabilities	16		2			—		18
Total net assets (liabilities)	$	35	$	(2	)	$	—	$	33

	At Fair Value as of December 31, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Restricted funds	$	24	$	—	$	—	$	24
Rabbi trust investments	12		—		—		12
Deposits	3		—		—		3
Mark-to-market derivative assets	—		28		—		28
Other investments	1		—		—		1
Total assets	40		28		—		68
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation obligations	13		—		—		13
Total liabilities	13		—		—		13
Total net assets (liabilities)	$	27	$	28	$	—	$	55

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Restricted funds—The Company’s restricted funds primarily represent proceeds received from financings for the construction and capital improvement of facilities and from customers for future services under operations and maintenance projects. The proceeds of these financings are held in escrow until the designated expenditures are incurred. Long-term restricted funds of $1 and $4 were included in other long-term assets as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

Rabbi trust investments—The Company’s rabbi trust investments consist of equity and index funds from which supplemental executive retirement plan benefits and deferred compensation obligations can be paid. The Company includes these assets in other long-term assets.

Deposits—Deposits include escrow funds and certain other deposits held in trust. The Company includes cash deposits in other current assets.

Mark-to-market derivative asset and liability—The Company utilizes fixed-to-floating interest-rate swaps, typically designated as fair-value hedges, to achieve a targeted level of variable-rate debt as a percentage of total debt. The Company also employs derivative financial instruments in the form of variable-to-fixed interest rate swaps and forward starting interest rate swaps, classified as economic hedges and cash flow hedges, respectively, in order to fix the interest cost on existing or forecasted debt. The Company uses a calculation of future cash inflows and estimated future outflows, which are discounted, to determine the current fair value. Additional inputs to the present value calculation include the contract terms, counterparty credit risk, interest rates and market volatility.

Other investments—Other investments primarily represent money market funds used for active employee benefits. The Company includes other investments in other current assets.

Deferred compensation obligations—The Company’s deferred compensation plans allow participants to defer certain cash compensation into notional investment accounts. The Company includes such plans in other long-term liabilities. The value of the Company’s deferred compensation obligations is based on the market value of the participants’ notional investment accounts. The notional investments are comprised primarily of mutual funds, which are based on observable market prices.

Note 12: Segment Information

The Company conducts its business primarily through one reportable segment, the Regulated Businesses segment. The Company also operates several businesses that provide a broad range of related and complementary water and wastewater services in four operating segments that individually do not meet the criteria of a reportable segment in accordance with GAAP. These four non-reportable operating segments are collectively presented as the Company’s “Market-Based Businesses.” “Other” includes corporate costs that are not allocated to the Company’s operating segments, eliminations of inter-segment transactions, fair value adjustments and associated income and deductions related to acquisitions that have not been allocated to the operating segments for evaluation of performance and allocation of resource purposes. The following tables include the Company’s summarized segment information:

	As of or for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	842		$	100	$	(6	)	$	936
Depreciation and amortization	121			5		2			128
Total operating expenses, net	433			80		(7		)	506
Interest, net	(67		)	1		(23		)	(89		)
Income before income taxes	347			21		(28		)	340
Provision for income taxes	135			7		(5		)	137
Net income attributable to common stockholders	212			14		(23		)	203
Total assets	17,390			600		1,371			19,361

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	As of or for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	826		$	109	$	(5	)	$	930
Depreciation and amortization	111			4		4			119
Total operating expenses, net	521			98		(8		)	611
Interest, net	(64		)	—		(17		)	(81		)
Income before income taxes	246			12		(15		)	243
Provision for income taxes	94			5		(4		)	95
Net income attributable to common stockholders	152			7		(11		)	148
Total assets	16,020			545		1,406			17,971

	As of or for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	2,247		$	306	$	(17	)	$	2,536
Depreciation and amortization	357			13		8			378
Total operating expenses, net	1,327			263		(19		)	1,571
Interest, net	(200		)	2		(61		)	(259		)
Income before income taxes	731			46		(66		)	711
Provision for income taxes	285			17		(18		)	284
Net income attributable to common stockholders	446			29		(48		)	427
Total assets	17,390			600		1,371			19,361

	As of or for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	2,176		$	338	$	(14	)	$	2,500
Depreciation and amortization	328			11		11			350
Total operating expenses, net	1,385			300		(17		)	1,668
Interest, net	(191		)	1		(52		)	(242		)
Income before income taxes	610			44		(50		)	604
Provision for income taxes	236			18		(17		)	237
Net income attributable to common stockholders	374			26		(33		)	367
Total assets	16,020			545		1,406			17,971

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read together with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections about our business, operations and financial performance. The cautionary statements made in this Form 10-Q should be read as applying to all related forward-looking statements whenever they appear in this Form 10-Q. Our actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed in such forward-looking statements as result of a number of factors, including those we discuss under “Forward-Looking Statements,” and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.

General

Through its subsidiaries, American Water Works Company, Inc. (“American Water” or the “Company”) is the largest and most geographically diverse investor-owned publicly-traded water and wastewater utility company in the United States, as measured by both operating revenue and population served. Our primary business involves the ownership of utilities that provide water and wastewater services to residential, commercial, industrial and other customers, including sale for resale and public authority customers. Our utilities are generally subject to economic regulation by certain state utility commissions or other entities engaged in utility regulation. We report the results of our utilities in our Regulated Businesses segment. We also operate several businesses that provide a broad range of related and complementary water and wastewater services that are not subject to economic regulation by state utility commissions or other entities engaged in utility regulation. We present the results of these businesses as our “Market-Based Businesses.” For further description of our businesses, see Part I, Item 1—Business in our Form 10-K.

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and in our Form 10-K.

Financial Results

Highlights of our diluted earnings per share and adjusted diluted earnings per share (a non-GAAP measure) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 are as follows:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Diluted earnings per share (GAAP):
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	1.13		$	0.83		$	2.39		$	2.05
Non-GAAP adjustments:
Impact of Freedom Industries settlement activities	(0.12		)	0.36			(0.12		)	0.36
Income tax impact	0.05			(0.14		)	0.05			(0.14		)
Net non-GAAP adjustment	(0.07		)	0.22			(0.07		)	0.22
Early debt extinguishment at the parent company	0.03			—			0.03			—
Income tax impact	(0.01		)	—			(0.01		)	—
Net non-GAAP adjustment	0.02			—			0.02			—
Total net non-GAAP adjustments	(0.05		)	0.22			(0.05		)	0.22
Adjusted diluted earnings per share (non-GAAP)	$	1.08		$	1.05		$	2.34		$	2.27

For the three months ended September 30, 2017, net income attributable to common stockholders was $1.13 per diluted share, an increase of $0.30 per diluted share, or 36.1%, over the same period in 2016. Included in the 2017 amount was an after-tax benefit of $13 million, or $0.07 per diluted share, resulting from an insurance settlement with one of our general liability insurance carriers related to the Freedom Industries matter and an after-tax charge of $4 million, or $(0.02) per diluted share, resulting from an early debt extinguishment charge at the parent company. Included in the 2016 amount was an after-tax charge of $39 million, or $(0.22) per diluted share, resulting from the binding global agreement in principle to settle claims associated with the Freedom Industries chemical spill.

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Excluding these items, adjusted diluted earnings per share (a non-GAAP measure) was $1.08 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $0.03 per diluted share, or 2.9% over the same period in 2016. This increase was primarily due to continued growth in our Regulated Businesses segment, largely driven by infrastructure investment, acquisitions and organic growth, combined with growth in our Market-Based Businesses from our Homeowner Services Group. These increases were partially offset by warmer weather in the third quarter of 2016 and a discrete tax adjustment recorded at the parent company associated with legislative changes in the State of Illinois impacting state tax apportionment.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, net income attributable to common stockholders was $2.39 per diluted share, an increase of $0.34 per diluted share, or 16.6% over the same period in 2016. Included in the 2017 amount was an after-tax benefit of $13 million, or $0.07 per diluted share, resulting from an insurance settlement with one of our general liability insurance carriers related to the Freedom Industries matter and an after-tax charge of $4 million, or $(0.02) per diluted share, resulting from an early debt extinguishment charge at the parent company. Included in the 2016 amount was an after-tax charge of $39 million, or $(0.22) per diluted share, resulting from the binding global agreement in principle to settle claims associated with the Freedom Industries chemical spill.

Excluding these items, adjusted diluted earnings per share (a non-GAAP measure) was $2.34 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $0.07 per diluted share, or 3.1%, over the same period in 2016. This increase was primarily due to continued growth in our Regulated Businesses segment, largely driven by infrastructure investment, acquisitions and organic growth, combined with growth in our Market-Based Businesses from our Homeowner Services Group. These increases were partially offset by overall warmer weather in 2016 and two discrete tax adjustments recorded at the parent company associated with legislative changes in the States of New York and Illinois impacting state tax apportionment.

Adjusted diluted earnings per share represents a non-GAAP financial measure and means diluted earnings per share, calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, excluding the impact of (1) the September 2017 insurance settlement related to the Freedom Industries chemical spill, (2) the debt extinguishment charge incurred in September 2017 with respect to the early extinguishment of debt allocated to the parent company and (3) the October 2016 binding global agreement in principle to settle claims related to the Freedom Industries chemical spill. We believe that this non-GAAP measure provides investors with useful information by excluding certain matters that may not be indicative of our ongoing operating results, and that providing this non-GAAP measure will allow investors to understand better our businesses’ operating performance and facilitate a meaningful year-to-year comparison of our results of operations. Although management uses this non-GAAP financial measure internally to evaluate our results of operations, we do not intend results excluding the adjustments to represent results as defined by U.S. GAAP, and the reader should not consider them as indicators of performance. This non-GAAP financial measure is derived from our consolidated financial information but is not presented in our financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and thus it should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, this non-GAAP financial measure as defined and used above may not be comparable to similarly titled non-GAAP measures used by other companies, and, accordingly, it may have significant limitations on its use.

Focusing on Central Themes

For 2017, our focus continues to be anchored on our five central themes: 1) Safety, 2) Customers, 3) People, 4) Growth and 5) Technology and Operational Efficiency. We continue our focus on operating our business responsibly and managing our operating and capital costs in a manner that benefits our customers and produces long-term value for our stockholders. Additionally, we continue to execute on our ongoing strategy that ensures a safe workplace for our employees, emphasizes public safety for our customers and communities, and leverages our human resources, processes and technology innovation to make our business more effective and efficient. The progress that we have made during the first nine months of 2017 with respect to growth and improvement in our operational efficiency ratio is described below.

Growth—Infrastructure improvements, acquisitions and strategic capital investments

During the first nine months of 2017, we made capital investments of approximately $1.0 billion, focused in two key areas:

• $963 million of which the majority was in our Regulated Businesses segment for infrastructure improvements; and

• $43 million to fund acquisitions in our Regulated Businesses segment, which added approximately 16,000 water and wastewater customers. This includes the acquisition on April 3, 2017, of all the outstanding capital stock of Shorelands Water Company, Inc. (“Shorelands”), for total consideration of $33 million in the form of 438,211 shares of our common stock. Shorelands, which is now a part of our New Jersey subsidiary, provides water service to approximately 11,000 customers in Monmouth County, New Jersey.

For the full year of 2017, our capital investment, including regulated acquisitions, is expected to be approximately $1.65 billion.

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Included in this range is the asset purchase agreement signed by our Pennsylvania subsidiary to acquire substantially all of the wastewater collection and treatment system assets of the Municipal Authority of the City of McKeesport, Pennsylvania for approximately $159 million, subject to certain adjustments provided in the agreement. The system currently represents approximately 22,000 wastewater customers. In connection with the execution of this agreement, $7 million in non-escrowed deposits have been made to the seller. On October 26, 2017, the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission approved a joint petition for settlement of this acquisition. The closing of this acquisition is subject to the satisfaction of various conditions and covenants.  We are expecting to close this acquisition by the end of 2017.

On September 29, 2017, our Military Services Group was awarded a contract for ownership, operation and maintenance of the water and wastewater systems at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, the largest single-site employer in the state of Ohio. The contract award includes estimated revenues of approximately $490 million over a 50-year period, subject to an annual economic price adjustment. With the addition of this base, our backlog of revenue associated with our military contracts is approximately $3.5 billion over their remaining contract terms.

Technology & Operational Efficiency—Continuing Improvement in Adjusted Operation and Maintenance (“O&M”) Efficiency Ratio for our Regulated Businesses

We continued to improve on our adjusted O&M efficiency ratio (a non-GAAP measure). Our adjusted O&M efficiency ratio for the twelve months ended September 30, 2017 was 34.2%, compared to 34.9% for the twelve months ended September 30, 2016. The improvement in this ratio for the twelve months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to the same period in 2016, was primarily attributable to an increase in regulated operating revenue.

Our adjusted O&M efficiency ratio is defined as our regulated operation and maintenance expenses divided by regulated operating revenues, where both operation and maintenance expenses and operating revenues were adjusted to eliminate purchased water expense. Additionally, from operation and maintenance expenses, we excluded the allocable portion of non-operation and maintenance support services cost, mainly depreciation and general taxes, that are reflected in our Regulated Businesses segment as operation and maintenance expenses but for consolidated financial reporting purposes are categorized within other line items in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. In addition to the standard adjustments to our adjusted O&M efficiency ratio, for 2016 and 2017, we have also excluded from operation and maintenance expenses the impact of certain Freedom Industries chemical spill settlement activities. We excluded all the above items from the calculation as we believe such items are not reflective of management’s ability to increase efficiency of our regulated operations.

We evaluate our operating performance using this ratio because we believe it directly measures improvement in the efficiency of our regulated operations. This information is intended to enhance an investor’s overall understanding of our operating performance. Our adjusted O&M efficiency ratio is not a GAAP financial measure, may not be comparable to other companies’ operating measures and should not be used in place of the GAAP information provided elsewhere in this report.

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The following table provides the calculation of our adjusted O&M efficiency ratio and a reconciliation that compares operation and maintenance expenses and operating revenues, each as determined in accordance with GAAP, to those amounts utilized in the calculation of our adjusted O&M efficiency ratio, for the twelve months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period in 2016:

	For the twelve months ended September 30,
(In millions)	2017			2016
Total operation and maintenance expenses	$	1,383		$	1,511
Less:
Operation and maintenance expenses—Market-Based Businesses	334			391
Operation and maintenance expenses—Other	(46		)	(42		)
Total operation and maintenance expenses—Regulated Businesses	1,095			1,162
Less:
Regulated purchased water expenses	124			120
Allocation of non-operation and maintenance expenses	29			29
Impact of Freedom Industries settlement activities (a)	(22		)	65
Adjusted operation and maintenance expenses—Regulated Businesses (i)	$	964		$	948
Total operating revenues	$	3,338		$	3,283
Less:
Operating revenues—Market-Based Businesses	419			464
Operating revenues—Other	(23		)	(17		)
Total regulated operating revenues—Regulated Businesses	2,942			2,836
Less:
Regulated purchased water revenues (b)	124			120
Adjusted operating revenues—Regulated Businesses (ii)	$	2,818		$	2,716
Adjusted operation and maintenance efficiency ratio—Regulated Businesses (i) / (ii)	34.2		%	34.9		%

(a) Includes binding agreement in principle in 2016 and settlement with general liability insurance carrier in 2017.

(b) Calculation assumes purchased water revenues approximate purchased water expenses.

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Regulatory Matters

The table below provides annualized incremental revenues resulting from rate authorizations that became effective during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 for general rate cases, assuming a constant water sales volume, and infrastructure surcharge mechanisms. There were no rate authorizations that became effective during the three months ended September 30, 2017.

(In millions)	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
General rate cases by state:
New York (effective June 1, 2017)	$	4
Virginia (a)	5
Iowa (effective March 27, 2017)	4
California (effective January 13, 2017 - February 2, 2017)	5
Illinois (effective January 1, 2017)	25
Total general rate cases	$	43
Infrastructure surcharges by state:
New Jersey (effective June 1, 2017)	$	10
Indiana (effective March 22, 2017)	8
Tennessee (effective March 14, 2017)	2
Pennsylvania (effective January 1, 2017)	1
West Virginia (effective January 1, 2017)	2
Total infrastructure surcharges	$	23

(a) The effective date of the rate order was May 24, 2017, authorizing the implementation of interim rates as of April 1, 2016.

Pending General Rate Case and Cost of Capital Filings

During the second quarter of 2017, our Pennsylvania subsidiary filed a general rate case requesting $108 million in additional annualized water and wastewater revenues. On October 16, 2017, a proposed settlement agreement was entered into by our Pennsylvania subsidiary and the other parties to the proceeding, providing for additional annualized water and wastewater revenues of $62 million, subject to approval by the administrative law judges assigned to the case and the PaPUC.

On September 15, 2017, our New Jersey subsidiary filed a general rate case requesting $129 million in additional annualized water and wastewater revenues.

On June 30, 2017, our Missouri subsidiary filed a general rate case requesting $84 million in additional annualized water and wastewater revenues.

On April 3, 2017, our California subsidiary filed an application requesting a cost of capital of 8.49%, compared to 8.41% currently authorized. The results of this proceeding will not become effective until January 2018.

During the third quarter of 2016, our California subsidiary filed a general rate case requesting $35 million in additional annualized revenues and an increase of $8 million in the escalation year of 2019 and the attrition year of 2020. During the fourth quarter of 2016, our California subsidiary filed an update to its general rate case, adjusting its request for additional annualized revenues to $32 million and increasing its request to $9 million in the escalation year of 2019.

Pending Infrastructure Surcharge Filings

On October 31, 2017, our Virginia subsidiary filed for infrastructure surcharges requesting $1 million in additional annualized revenues.

On October 13, 2017, our New Jersey subsidiary filed for an infrastructure surcharge requesting $4 million in additional annualized revenues.

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During the second quarter of 2017, our West Virginia subsidiary filed for an infrastructure surcharge requesting $3 million in additional annualized revenues. On October 11, 2017, our West Virginia subsidiary filed a settlement agreement with the Public Service Commission of West Virginia (“WVPSC”), whereby all parties to the proceeding have agreed to an infrastructure surcharge that provides for approximately the requested increase amount in annualized revenues, subject to approval by the WVPSC.

During the second quarter of 2017, our Missouri subsidiary filed for an infrastructure surcharge requesting $5 million in additional annualized revenues. On August 29, 2017, our Missouri subsidiary refiled and adjusted its request for additional annualized revenues to $6 million. 

Other Regulatory Filings

On August 4, 2017, our Illinois subsidiary filed a petition with Illinois Commerce Commission (“ICC”) to place into effect revised depreciation rates applicable to depreciable water and wastewater plant resulting from a new depreciation study. The petition requested that these new rates would be effective January 1, 2017. We expect the ICC to provide a final ruling on the petition in the fourth quarter of 2017. The estimated effect of the new study is to lower depreciation expense by approximately $16 million on an annualized basis.

There is no assurance that all or any portion of these requests will be granted.

Other Tax Matters

On April 11, 2017, the State of New York enacted legislation that increased the state income tax rate on our taxable income attributable to New York. This legislation eliminated the production of water as a qualified manufacturing activity in New York, which effectively increased the state income tax rate in New York. As a result of the legislative change, we were required to re-measure our cumulative deferred tax balances using the higher state income tax rate in the second quarter of 2017. This change in legislation was the primary cause of an increase to our unitary deferred tax liability of $11 million. The portion of this increase related to our New York subsidiary calculated on a stand-alone basis was $7 million, and was offset by a regulatory asset, as we believe it is probable of recovery in future rates. The remaining increase in the deferred tax liability was calculated through state tax apportionment rates and recorded at the consolidated level, resulting in a non-cash, cumulative charge to earnings of $4 million during the second quarter of 2017.

On July 7, 2017, the State of Illinois enacted legislation that increased, effective July 1, 2017, the state income tax rate on our taxable income attributable to Illinois from 7.75% to 9.5%. As a result of the legislative change, we were required to re-measure our cumulative deferred tax balances using the higher state income tax rate in the third quarter of 2017. This change in legislation was the primary cause of an increase to our unitary deferred tax liability of $7 million. The portion of this increase related to our Illinois subsidiary calculated on a stand-alone basis was $4 million, and was offset by a regulatory asset, as we believe it is probable of recovery in future rates. The remaining increase in the deferred tax liability was recorded at the consolidated level, resulting in a non-cash, cumulative charge to earnings of $3 million during the third quarter of 2017.

During the second quarter of 2017, we were notified by the assessor for St. Louis County, Missouri, that it was changing its long standing practice of valuing regulated water and wastewater property located in the County using a seven-year life, and instead intends to use a twenty-year life for a substantial portion of this property. During the second quarter of 2017, we were also notified by the assessor for Platte County, Missouri, that it intended to change its long standing practice of valuing regulated water and wastewater property located in the County using a twenty-year life, and instead intends to use a fifty-year life for a substantial portion of this property. These changes in practice and the resulting valuations as assessed by the respective County, will increase our property tax obligation beginning in 2017. We have asked the Missouri regulator for an accounting recovery mechanism that would allow deferral of any increase in tax resulting from these changes in long standing practice, and we believe these increases are recoverable through future customer rates. As a result, during the second quarter of 2017, we recorded the additional estimated increase in property tax obligation of $2 million, with an offset to a regulatory asset. During the third quarter of 2017, we filed complaints with the Missouri State Tax Commission, seeking review of property assessments in Platte County.

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Consolidated Results of Operations

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,											For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016			Increase (Decrease)					2017			2016			Increase (Decrease)
(In millions)
Operating revenues	$	936		$	930		$	6		0.6	%	$	2,536		$	2,500		$	36		1.4	%
Operating expenses:
Operation and maintenance	324			432			(108		)	(25.0	)%	1,010			1,131			(121		)	(10.7	)%
Depreciation and amortization	128			119			9			7.6	%	378			350			28			8.0	%
General taxes	61			65			(4		)	(6.2	)%	192			195			(3		)	(1.5	)%
Gain on asset dispositions and purchases	(7		)	(5		)	(2		)	40.0	%	(9		)	(8		)	(1		)	12.5	%
Total operating expenses, net	506			611			(105		)	(17.2	)%	1,571			1,668			(97		)	(5.8	)%
Operating income	430			319			111			34.8	%	965			832			133			16.0	%
Other income (expenses):
Interest, net	(89		)	(81		)	(8		)	9.9	%	(259		)	(242		)	(17		)	7.0	%
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(6		)	—			(6		)	100.0%		(6		)	—			(6		)	100.0%
Other, net	5			5			—			—	%	11			14			(3		)	(21.4	)%
Total other income (expenses)	(90		)	(76		)	(14		)	18.4	%	(254		)	(228		)	(26		)	11.4	%
Income before income taxes	340			243			97			39.9	%	711			604			107			17.7	%
Provision for income taxes	137			95			42			44.2	%	284			237			47			19.8	%
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	203		$	148		$	55		37.2	%	$	427		$	367		$	60		16.3	%

Comparison of Consolidated Results of Operations

Operating revenues. For the three months ended September 30, 2017, operating revenues increased primarilydue to a:

• $16 million increase in our Regulated Businesses segment principally due to authorized rate increases to fund infrastructure investment growth, acquisitions and organic growth, partially offset by lower water services demand in 2017, including a $7 million reduction due to warmer weather in the third quarter of 2016; partially offset by a

• $9 million decrease in our Market-Based Businesses primarily due to lower capital upgrades in our Military Services Group, largely from reduced military base budgets, partially offset by incremental revenues in our Homeowner Services Group from customer growth and price increases for existing customers.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, operating revenues increased primarily due to a:

• $71 million increase in our Regulated Businesses segment principally due to authorized rate increases to fund infrastructure investment growth, acquisitions and organic growth, partially offset by lower water services demand in 2017, including a $12 million reduction due to overall warmer weather in 2016; partially offset by a

• $32 million decrease in our Market-Based Businesses primarily due to lower capital upgrades in our Military Services Group, largely from reduced military base budgets and the completion of a large project in mid-2016 at Fort Polk, partially offset by incremental revenues in our Homeowner Services Group from customer growth and price increases for existing customers.

Operation and maintenance. For the three months ended September 30, 2017,operation and maintenance expense decreased primarily due to a:

• $88 million decrease in our Regulated Businesses segment principally due to a $65 million charge recorded in the third quarter of 2016, resulting from the binding global agreement in principle to settle claims associated with the Freedom Industries chemical spill in West Virginia, and a $22 million benefit recorded in the third quarter of 2017, resulting from an insurance settlement with one of our general liability insurance carriers also related to this matter in West Virginia; partially offset by a

• $17 million decrease in our Market-Based Businesses primarily due to lower capital upgrades in our Military Services Group, as discussed above.

29

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017,operation and maintenance expense decreased primarily due to a:

• $87 million decrease in our Regulated Businesses segment due to a $65 million charge recorded in the third quarter of 2016, resulting from the binding global agreement in principle to settle claims associated with the Freedom Industries chemical spill in West Virginia, and a $22 million benefit recorded in the third quarter of 2017, resulting from an insurance settlement with one of our general liability insurance carriers also related to this matter in West Virginia; and a

• $6 million increase in our Regulated Business segment principally due to increases in production costs, employee-related costs and operating supplies and services; partially offset by a

• $38 million decrease in our Market-Based Businesses primarily due to lower capital upgrades in our Military Services Group, as discussed above, partially offset by incremental costs associated with growth in our Homeowner Services Group.

Depreciation and amortization. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, depreciation and amortization expense increased primarily due to additional utility plant placed in service.

General taxes. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, general taxes decrease largely due to property tax refund credits in our Pennsylvania subsidiary.

Other income (expenses). For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, other income (expenses) increased principally due to: (i) an increase in interest expense from the issuance of long-term debt in the fourth quarter of 2016 and in the third quarter of 2017; (ii) a $6 million early debt extinguishment charge at the parent company; and (iii) additional interest expense incurred on long-term debt that was refinanced in August 2017, but did not mature until October 2017.

Provision for income taxes. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, our provision for income taxes increased primarily due to higher pretax income and two discrete tax adjustments of $4 million and $3 million recorded at the parent company in the second and third quarters of 2017, associated with legislative changes in the States of New York and Illinois impacting state tax apportionment.

Segment Results of Operations

Our segments are determined based on how we assess performance and allocate our resources. We evaluate the performance of our segments and allocate resources based on several factors, with the primary measure being income from continuing operations.

We conduct our business primarily through one reportable segment, our Regulated Businesses segment. We also operate several businesses that provide a broad range of related and complementary water and wastewater services within four operating segments that individually do not meet the criteria of a reportable segment in accordance with GAAP. These four non-reportable operating segments are collectively presented as our “Market-Based Businesses”, which is consistent with how management assesses the results of our businesses.

Regulated Businesses Segment

The following table summarizes certain financial information for our Regulated Businesses segment:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,									For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017		2016		Increase (Decrease)					2017		2016		Increase (Decrease)
(In millions)
Operating revenues	$	842	$	826	$	16		1.9	%	$	2,247	$	2,176	$	71		3.3	%
Operation and maintenance	262		350		(88		)	(25.1	)%	800		881		(81		)	(9.2	)%
Total operating expenses, net	433		521		(88		)	(16.9	)%	1,327		1,385		(58		)	(4.2	)%
Net income attributable to common stockholders	212		152		60			39.5	%	446		374		72			19.3	%

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Operating revenues.The following tables and discussion provide explanation of the variances related to the three components of operating revenues—water services revenues, wastewater services revenues and other revenues:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,										For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017		2016			Increase (Decrease)					2017		2016		Increase (Decrease)
(In millions)
Billed water services:
Residential	$	477	$	468		$	9		1.9	%	$	1,244	$	1,199	$	45		3.8	%
Commercial	176		172			4			2.3	%	453		436		17			3.9	%
Industrial	37		38			(1		)	(2.6	)%	103		101		2			2.0	%
Public and other	96		94			2			2.1	%	262		253		9			3.6	%
Other water revenues	6		16			(10		)	(62.5	)%	31		42		(11		)	(26.2	)%
Billed water services	792		788			4			0.5	%	2,093		2,031		62			3.1	%
Unbilled water services	—		(4		)	4			(100.0	)%	8		23		(15		)	(65.2	)%
Total water services revenues	792		784			8			1.0	%	2,101		2,054		47			2.3	%
Wastewater services revenues	36		28			8			28.6	%	106		83		23			27.7	%
Other revenues	14		14			—			—	%	40		39		1			2.6	%
Total operating revenues	$	842	$	826		$	16		1.9	%	$	2,247	$	2,176	$	71		3.3	%

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017	2016	Increase (Decrease)				2017	2016	Increase (Decrease)
(In millions)
Billed water services volumes:
Residential	53,928	55,108	(1,180	)	(2.1	)%	131,488	132,453	(965	)	(0.7	)%
Commercial	24,913	25,170	(257	)	(1.0	)%	61,793	62,273	(480	)	(0.8	)%
Industrial	10,661	11,013	(352	)	(3.2	)%	29,218	29,194	24		0.1	%
Public and other	15,085	14,512	573		3.9	%	38,920	37,983	937		2.5	%
Billed water services volumes	104,587	105,803	(1,216	)	(1.1	)%	261,419	261,903	(484	)	(0.2	)%

For the three months ended September 30, 2017, operating revenues increased primarily due to a:

• $20 million increase from authorized rate increases and infrastructure surcharges to fund infrastructure investment growth in various states; and a

• $12 million increase attributable to recent water and wastewater acquisitions, as well as organic growth in existing systems; partially offset by a

• $19 million decrease due to lower water services demand, excluding the impact of completed acquisitions, including a $7 million reduction due to warmer weather in the third quarter of 2016.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, operating revenues increased primarily due to a:

• $67 million increase from authorized rate increases and infrastructure surcharges to fund infrastructure investment growth in various states;

• $31 million increase attributable to recent water and wastewater acquisitions, as well as organic growth in existing systems; and a

• $6 million increase in wastewater services, excluding the impact of completed acquisitions, resulting from higher treatment volumes, as well as an increase in private fire service connections; partially offset by a

• $36 million decrease due to lower water services demand, excluding the impact of completed acquisitions, including a $12 million reduction due to overall warmer weather in 2016.

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Operation and maintenance. The following table summarizes information regarding the components of operation and maintenance expense:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,										For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016		Increase (Decrease)					2017		2016		Increase (Decrease)
(In millions)
Production costs	$	87		$	86	$	1		1.2	%	$	224	$	220	$	4		1.8	%
Employee-related costs	112			107		5			4.7	%	334		328		6			1.8	%
Operating supplies and services	51			50		1			2.0	%	150		149		1			0.7	%
Maintenance materials and supplies	15			16		(1		)	(6.3	)%	49		46		3			6.5	%
Customer billing and accounting	14			17		(3		)	(17.6	)%	37		41		(4		)	(9.8	)%
Other	(17		)	74		(91		)	(123.0	)%	6		97		(91		)	(93.8	)%
Total	$	262		$	350	$	(88	)	(25.1	)%	$	800	$	881	$	(81	)	(9.2	)%

For the three months ended September 30, 2017, operation and maintenance expense decreased primarily due to a:

• $91 million decrease in other operation and maintenance expense principally due to a $65 million charge recorded in the third quarter of 2016, resulting from the binding global agreement in principle to settle claims associated with the Freedom Industries chemical spill in West Virginia, and a $22 million benefit recorded in the third quarter of 2017, resulting from an insurance settlement with one of our general liability insurance carriers also related to this matter in West Virginia; as well as lower casualty insurance expense attributable to a decrease in historical claims experience; and a

• $3 million decrease in customer billing and accounting largely due to a decrease in customer uncollectible expense resulting from focused collection efforts; partially offset by a

• $5 million increase in employee-related costs primarily due to higher pension expense resulting from a decrease in the discount rate and increased plan obligations, as well as higher other postretirement benefit plan expense resulting from plan amendments approved in the third quarter of 2016; and a

• $1 million increase in operating supplies and services principally due to a $5 million write-off recorded in the third quarter of 2016, related to timekeeping system costs that were previously capitalized, partially offset by higher contracted services expense.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, operation and maintenance expense decreased primarily due to a:

• $91 million decrease in other operation and maintenance expense principally due to a $65 million charge recorded in the third quarter of 2016, resulting from the binding global agreement in principle to settle claims associated with the Freedom Industries chemical spill in West Virginia, and a $22 million benefit recorded in the third quarter of 2017, resulting from an insurance settlement with one of our general liability insurance carriers also related to this matter in West Virginia; as well as lower casualty insurance expense attributable to a decrease in historical claims experience; and a

• $4 million decrease in customer billing and accounting largely due to a decrease in customer uncollectible expense resulting from focused collection efforts; partially offset by a

• $4 million increase in production costs primarily due to purchased water price and usage increases in our California subsidiary, as well as fuel and power price increases;

• $6 million increase in employee-related costs primarily due to higher pension expense resulting from a decrease in the discount rate and increased plan obligations, as well as higher compensation expense in support of the growth of the business;

• $1 million increase in operating supplies and services principally due to a $5 million write-off of timekeeping system costs that were previously capitalized and a $7 million judgment in litigation, both recorded in the third quarter of 2016, partially offset by higher contracted services expense; and a

• $3 million increase in maintenance materials and supplies largely due to the timing of maintenance activities.

Operating expenses, net. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, operating expenses, net decreased primarily due to the decrease in operating and maintenance expense as explained above, as well a $3 million decrease in property taxes in our Pennsylvania subsidiary from credit refunds and a $7 million gain recognized on a land sale in our Kentucky subsidiary, partially offset by higher depreciation and amortization expense of $10 million and $29 million, respectively, due to additional utility plant placed in service.

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Market-Based Businesses

The following table summarizes certain financial information for our Market-Based Businesses:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,									For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017		2016		Increase (Decrease)					2017		2016		Increase (Decrease)
(In millions)
Operating revenues	$	100	$	109	$	(9	)	(8.3	)%	$	306	$	338	$	(32	)	(9.5	)%
Operation and maintenance	75		92		(17		)	(18.5	)%	247		285		(38		)	(13.3	)%
Total operating expenses, net	80		98		(18		)	(18.4	)%	263		300		(37		)	(12.3	)%
Net income attributable to common stockholders	14		7		7			100.0	%	29		26		3			11.5	%

Operating revenues. For the three months ended September 30, 2017, operating revenues decreased primarily due to a:

• $12 million decrease in our Military Services Group principally due to lower capital upgrades in 2017, largely from reduced military base budgets; partially offset by a

• $5 million increase in our Homeowner Services Group from customer growth and price increases for existing customers.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, operating revenues decreased primarily due to a:

• $49 million decrease in our Military Services Group principally due to lower capital upgrades in 2017, largely from reduced military base budgets, and the completion of a large project in mid-2016 at Fort Polk; partially offset by a

• $15 million increase in our Homeowner Services Group from customer growth and price increases for existing customers.

Operation and maintenance. The following table summarizes information regarding the components of operation and maintenance expense:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,									For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017		2016		Increase (Decrease)					2017		2016		Increase (Decrease)
(In millions)
Production costs	$	9	$	10	$	(1	)	(10.0	)%	$	28	$	27	$	1		3.7	%
Employee-related costs	21		24		(3		)	(12.5	)%	69		72		(3		)	(4.2	)%
Operating supplies and services	26		38		(12		)	(31.6	)%	84		128		(44		)	(34.4	)%
Maintenance materials and supplies	13		18		(5		)	(27.8	)%	54		51		3			5.9	%
Other	6		2		4			200.0	%	12		7		5			71.4	%
Total	$	75	$	92	$	(17	)	(18.5	)%	$	247	$	285	$	(38	)	(13.3	)%

For the three months ended September 30, 2017, operation and maintenance expense decreased primarily due to a:

• $12 million decrease in operating supplies and services primarily due to lower capital upgrades in our Military Services Group in 2017, as discussed above, as well as lower advertising and marketing expense in our Homeowners Services Group; and a

• $5 million decrease in maintenance materials and supplies principally due to the timing of claims activity in our Homeowners Services Group,as well as the volume and timing of specific maintenance activities; partially offset by a

• $4 million increase in other operation and maintenance expense largely due to an increase in customer uncollectible expense and billing and collection fees, primarily in our Homeowner Services Group.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, operation and maintenance expense decreased primarily due to a:

• $44 million decrease in operating supplies and services primarily due to lower capital upgrades in our Military Services Group in 2017, as discussed above, as well as lower advertising and marketing expense in our Homeowners Services Group; partially offset by a

• $5 million increase in other operation and maintenance expense largely due to an increase in customer uncollectible expense and billing and collection fees, principally in our Homeowner Services Group.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

For a general overview of our sources and uses of capital resources, see the introductory discussion in Part II, Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources contained in our Form 10-K.

We fund liquidity needs for capital investment, working capital and other financial commitments through cash flows from operations, public and private debt offerings, commercial paper markets and, if and to the extent necessary, borrowing under the American Water Capital Corp. (“AWCC”) revolving credit facility. The revolving credit facility provides $1.75 billion in aggregate total commitments from a diversified group of financial institutions with an expiration date of June 2020 (subject to extension by us for up to two one-year periods). We regularly evaluate the capital markets and closely monitor the financial condition of the financial institutions with contractual commitments in our revolving credit facility.

In order to meet our short-term liquidity needs, we, through AWCC, our wholly owned financing subsidiary, issue commercial paper, which is supported by our revolving credit facility. As of September 30, 2017, AWCC had no outstanding borrowings and $86 million of outstanding letters of credit under the revolving credit facility, with $1.66 billion available to fulfill our short-term liquidity needs and to issue letters of credit. As of September 30, 2017, the revolving credit facility supported $103 million in outstanding commercial paper. We believe that our ability to access the capital markets, our revolving credit facility and our cash flows from operations will generate sufficient cash to fund our short-term requirements. However, we can provide no assurances that the lenders will meet their existing commitments to AWCC under the credit facility or that we will be able to access the commercial paper or loan markets in the future on terms acceptable to us or at all.

On August 10, 2017, AWCC completed a $1,350 million debt offering which included the sale of $600 million aggregate principal amount of its 2.95% Senior Notes due in 2027 and $750 million aggregate principal amount of its 3.75% Senior Notes due in 2047. At the closing of the offering, AWCC received, after deduction of underwriting discounts and debt issuance costs, $1,333 million. On September 13, 2017, AWCC used proceeds from the offering: (i) to prepay $138 million of its outstanding 5.62% Series C Senior Notes due December 21, 2018 (“Series C Senior Notes”) and $181 million of its outstanding 5.77% Series D Senior Notes due December 21, 2021 (“Series D Senior Notes”); (ii) to repay commercial paper obligations; and (iii) for general corporate purposes. Subsequently, AWCC used proceeds from the offering to repay at maturity, $524 million of its 6.085% Senior Notes on October 15, 2017. In addition, the Company repaid $33 million of 7.08% subsidiary debt at maturity on November 1, 2017.

As a result of AWCC’s prepayment of the Series C and Series D Senior Notes and payment of a make-whole premium to the holders thereof of $34 million, we recorded an early debt extinguishment charge of $6 million, which was associated with the portion of the debt allocable to our parent company. Substantially all of the early debt extinguishment costs allocable to our utility subsidiaries were recorded as regulatory assets that we believe are probable of recovery in future rates.

On August 7, 2017, we terminated four forward starting swap agreements with an aggregate notional amount of $300 million, realizing a gain of $19 million to be amortized through interest, net over 30 years. We have one remaining forward swap agreement, which was entered into on February 8, 2017, with a notional amount of $100 million to reduce interest rate exposure for a portion of the expected refinancing of AWCC’s Series C Senior Notes. This forward starting swap agreement terminates in November 2018 and has an average fixed rate of 2.67%. We have designated this forward starting swap agreement as a cash flow hedge with its fair value recorded in accumulated other comprehensive gain or loss. Upon termination, the cumulative gain or loss recorded in accumulated other comprehensive gain or loss will be amortized through interest, net over the term of the new debt.

On October 15, 2017, our interest rate swap to hedge $100 million of AWCC’s 6.085% Senior Notes matured. See Note 6—Long-Term Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

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Cash Flows Provided by Operating Activities

Cash flows provided by operating activities primarily result from the sale of water and wastewater services and, due to the seasonality of demand, are generally greater during the third quarter of each fiscal year. The following table provides a summary of the major items affecting cash flows provided by our operating activities:

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016
(In millions)
Net income	$	427		$	367
Add (less):
Non-cash activities (a)	659			598
Changes in working capital (b)	(64		)	22
Pension and postretirement healthcare contributions	(36		)	(42		)
Net cash flows provided by operations	$	986		$	945

(a) Includes depreciation and amortization, deferred income taxes and amortization of deferred investment tax credits, provision for losses on accounts receivable, gain on asset dispositions and purchases, pension and non-pension postretirement benefits expense and other non-cash, net. Details of each component can be found in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

(b) Changes in working capital include changes to receivables and unbilled revenues, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and other current assets and liabilities, net.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the increase in cash flows from operating activities, as compared to the same period in 2016, is primarily due to an increase in net income after non-cash adjustments. The main factors contributing to the net income increase are described in this section under “Comparison of Consolidated Results of Operations” and included higher operating revenue and lower operation and maintenance expense. The increase in non-cash activities was mainly the result of an increase in depreciation and amortization attributable to infrastructure investment projects placed into service and an increase in deferred income taxes.

The change in working capital was primarily the result of the following: (i) timing of accounts payable and accrued liabilities, including the accrual recorded during the third quarter of 2016 for costs associated with the binding global agreement in principle as to settlement of claims related to the Freedom Industries chemical spill in West Virginia; (ii) the $34 million make-whole premium paid on early debt extinguishment associated with the prepayment of $138 million of outstanding Series C Senior Notes and $181 million of outstanding Series D Senior Notes; (iii) a decrease in unbilled revenues as a result of our Military Services Group achieving significant capital project milestones during 2016; and (iv) change in other current assets and liabilities, including an increase in prepaid taxes, partially offset by the decrease of other current assets associated with the termination of our four forward starting swap agreements.

Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities

The following table provides information regarding cash flows used in our investing activities:

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016
(In millions)
Net capital expenditures	$	(964	)	$	(928	)
Acquisitions	(10		)	(29		)
Other investing activities, net (a)	(47		)	(57		)
Net cash flows used in investing activities	$	(1,021	)	$	(1,014	)

(a) Includes removal costs from property, plant and equipment retirements, net, proceeds from sale of assets and net funds restricted.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, cash used in investing activities increased primarily due to continued investment across all infrastructure categories, mainly replacement and renewal of transmission and distribution infrastructure in our Regulated Businesses, partially offset by decreased cash used for acquisitions. We expect investments of approximately $1.65 billion in 2017 for capital expenditures and acquisitions. Construction of our new corporate headquarters building in Camden, New Jersey is underway. The cost of construction is currently estimated to be up to $164 million, exclusive of any tax incentives, of which $72 million is expected to be incurred in 2017. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we spent approximately $36 million towards this construction.

35

Cash Flows Provided by Financing Activities

The following table provides information regarding cash flows provided by our financing activities:

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016
(In millions)
Proceeds from long-term debt	$	1,382		$	2
Repayments of long-term debt	(334		)	(20		)
Net proceeds from short-term borrowings	(746		)	322
Dividends paid	(215		)	(194		)
Anti-dilutive stock repurchases	(54		)	(65		)
Other financing activities, net (a)	20			25
Net cash flows provided by financing activities	$	53		$	70

(a) Includes proceeds from issuances of common stock under various employee stock plans and our dividend reinvestment plan, advances and contributions for construction, net of refunds, taxes paid related to employee stock plans and debt issuance costs.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the decrease in cash flows provided by financing activities, as compared to the same period in 2016, is primarily due to the increase in cash used for dividend payments in 2017. Additionally, the Company issued approximately $1,333 million of long-term debt, after deduction of underwriting discounts and debt issuance costs, as part of the August 10, 2017 debt financing, of which approximately $319 million was used for the early extinguishment of pre-existing long-term debt. Additional proceeds from the debt financing were used for the repayment of pre-existing short-term borrowings, resulting in a net cash outflow for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 of $746 million.

Credit Facilities and Short-Term Debt

The following table summarizes information regarding our aggregate credit facility commitments, letter of credit sub-limits and available funds under those revolving credit facilities, as well as outstanding amounts of commercial paper and outstanding borrowings under the respective facilities as of September 30, 2017:

	Credit Facilities Commitment (a)		Available Credit Facility Capacity (a)		Letter of Credit Sublimit		Available Letter of Credit Capacity		Commercial Paper Limit		Available Commercial Paper Capacity
(In millions)
September 30, 2017	$	1,762	$	1,669	$	150	$	86	$	1,600	$	1,497

(a) Includes amounts related to the revolving credit facility of Keystone Clearwater Solutions, LLC (“Keystone”), our water management solutions subsidiary. As of September 30, 2017, the total commitment under the Keystone revolving credit facility was $12 million, of which $5 million was available for borrowing, subject to compliance with a collateral base calculation. At September 30, 2017, there were no outstanding borrowings under this credit facility.

The weighted-average interest rate on AWCC short-term borrowings for three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was approximately 1.38% and 0.78%, respectively. The weighted-average interest rate on AWCC short-term borrowings for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was approximately 1.19% and 0.76%, respectively.

Capital Structure

The following table indicates the percentage of our capitalization represented by the components of our capital structure as of the dates set forth below:

	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Total common stockholders' equity	42.5	%	42.1	%
Long-term debt and redeemable preferred stock at redemption value	51.4	%	46.4	%
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt	6.1	%	11.5	%
	100	%	100	%

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Debt Covenants

Our debt agreements contain financial and non-financial covenants. To the extent that we are not in compliance with these covenants, an event of default may occur under one or more debt agreements and we or our subsidiaries may be restricted in our ability to pay dividends, issue new debt or access our revolving credit facility. Our long-term debt indentures contain a number of covenants that, among other things, prohibit or restrict the Company from issuing debt secured by the Company’s assets, subject to certain exceptions. Our failure to comply with any of these covenants could accelerate repayment obligations.

Covenants in certain long-term notes and the revolving credit facility require us to maintain a ratio of consolidated debt to consolidated capitalization (as defined in the relevant documents) of not more than 0.70 to 1.00. On September 30, 2017, our ratio was 0.58 to 1.00 and therefore we were in compliance with the covenants.

Security Ratings

Our access to the capital markets, including the commercial paper market, and respective financing costs in those markets, may be directly affected by our securities ratings. We primarily access the debt capital markets, including the commercial paper market, through AWCC. However, we have also issued debt through our regulated subsidiaries, primarily in the form of tax exempt securities or borrowings under state revolving funds, to lower our overall cost of debt.

Our long-term and short-term credit ratings as of September 30, 2017:

Securities	Moody's Investors Service	Standard & Poor's Ratings Service
Senior unsecured debt	A3	A
Commercial paper	P-2	A-1

A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating agency, and each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating. Security ratings are highly dependent upon our ability to generate cash flows in an amount sufficient to service our debt and meet our investment plans. We can provide no assurances that our ability to generate cash flows is sufficient to maintain our existing ratings. None of our borrowings are subject to default or prepayment as a result of a downgrading of these security ratings, although such a downgrading could increase fees and interest charges under our credit facility.

Dividends

On September 1, 2017, we paid a cash dividend of $0.415 per share to our stockholders of record as of August 9, 2017.

On October 31, 2017, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend payment of $0.415 per share payable on December 1, 2017 to stockholders of record as of November 10, 2017. Future dividends, when and as declared at the discretion of the Board of Directors, will be dependent upon future earnings and cash flows, compliance with various regulatory, financial and legal requirements, and other factors. See Part II, Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Dividends in our Form 10-K for more information regarding restrictions on the payment of dividends on our common stock.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows are impacted by the methods, assumptions and estimates used in the application of critical accounting policies. See Part II, Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates in our Form 10-K for a discussion of our critical accounting policies.

Recent Accounting Standards

See Note 2—New Accounting Standards to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1—Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a description of new accounting standards recently adopted or pending adoption.

37

ITEM 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are subject to market risks in the normal course of business, including changes in interest rates and equity prices. For a discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to Part II, Item 7A—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk contained in our Form 10-K. Except as described below, there have been no significant changes to our exposure to market risk since December 31, 2016.

On February 8, 2017, we entered into a forward starting swap agreement with a notional amount of $100 million to reduce interest rate exposure on debt expected to be issued in 2018. This forward starting swap agreement terminates in November 2018 and has an average fixed rate of 2.67%. A hypothetical one hundred basis point change in the forward starting swap rates would have resulted in a $21 million increase or decrease in fair value of this swap agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

ITEM 4.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

American Water maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.

Our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of September 30, 2017.

Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of September 30, 2017, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable level of assurance.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We concluded that there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2017, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act).

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The following information updates and amends the information provided in our Form 10-K in Part I, Item 3—Legal Proceedings, and in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2017 in Part II, Item 1—Legal Proceedings. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein have the meanings set forth in our Form 10-K.

Alternative Water Supply in Lieu of Carmel River Diversions

Regional Desalination Project Litigation

Following the court’s disposition of a related issue in another case, MCWD’s petition to the Supreme Court of California for review of the CPUC approval of a settlement agreement resolving matters among the signatory parties has been remanded to the CPUC, and remains pending.

Trial has been set for June 18, 2018 in the consolidated action in San Francisco County Superior Court associated with the failure of the RDP.

Monterey Peninsula Water Supply Project

On January 12, 2017, the CPUC issued a Draft Environmental Impact Report/Environmental Impact Statement. The comment period for this report expired March 29, 2017 and a final report is expected to be issued in the first quarter of 2018.

The CPUC has set hearings for October 25 through November 3, 2017 on Cal Am’s request for a certificate of public convenience and necessity for the Water Supply Project.

After conducting a trial on August 30, 2017 for all matters raised in MCWD’s November 2015 challenge to the amendment of Cal Am’s coastal development permits for the test slant well, other than claims that had been denied by the court in September 2016, the court on October 3, 2017 denied all of MCWD’s claims with respect to these matters.

On July 13, 2017, the Coastal Commission adopted a consent agreement and cease and desist order requiring sand mining operations on the property on which intake wells will be located to cease by the end of 2020 and the property to be sold to either a non-profit or governmental entity. The consent agreement strictly limits future use of the property but preserves Cal Am’s existing property rights and allows uses consistent with existing easements and other rights of record. If the test slant well is to remain at the site and be used as part of the Water Supply Project, as currently proposed, Cal Am will likely need to seek an amendment and extension of its coastal development permit to allow the test slant well to remain and be maintained in the interim period until the Water Supply Project is operational. Cal Am will also need to seek an extension of its current lease for the test slant well with the State Lands Commission. This lease expires on December 16, 2017. Cal Am has filed an application for extension of this lease with the State Lands Commission, and approval of the application is to be considered at its November 29, 2017 meeting.

Based on the foregoing, including the information contained in our Form 10-K with respect to the Water Supply Project (other than as updated in this Form 10-Q), Cal Am estimates that the earliest date by which the Water Supply Project desalination plant could be completed is sometime in 2021. There can be no assurance that Cal Am’s application for the Water Supply Project will be approved or that the Water Supply Project will be completed on a timely basis, if ever. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that Cal Am will be able to comply with the diversion reduction requirements and other remaining requirements under the 2009 Order and the 2016 Order, or that any such compliance will not result in material additional costs or obligations to Cal Am or the Company.

California Public Utilities Commission Residential Rate Design Proceeding

Hearings before the administrative law judge in this proceeding took place in August and September 2017, and a subsequent hearing is currently scheduled for November 27, 2017. Cal Am also submitted additional testimony on the issue of whether Cal Am should be penalized, and if so, the reasonable amount of any such penalty.

West Virginia Elk River Freedom Industries Chemical Spill

Preliminary Approval of WVAWC Global Class Action Litigation Settlement

On September 21, 2017, the court in the Federal action issued an order granting preliminary approval of a settlement class and proposed class action settlement (the “Settlement”) with respect to claims against the American Water Defendants by all putative class members (collectively, the “Plaintiffs”) for all claims and potential claims arising out of the January 9, 2014 Freedom Industries, Inc. chemical spill into the Elk River in West Virginia. Preliminary approval was granted after the parties to the Settlement filed with the court in the Federal action a proposed amended global agreement and related materials on August 25, 2017 addressing the matters set forth in the court’s July 6, 2017 order denying without prejudice the joint motion for preliminary approval of the Settlement.

39

The Settlement covered by the order proposes a global resolution of all federal and state litigation and potential claims against the American Water Defendants and their insurers. Under the terms and conditions of the Settlement and the proposed amended settlement agreement, the American Water Defendants have not admitted, and will not admit, any fault or liability for any of the allegations made by the Plaintiffs in any of the actions to be resolved. Under federal class action rules, a claimant may elect to opt out of the final Settlement, in which case such claimant will not receive any benefit from or be bound by the terms of the Settlement. The American Water Defendants would have the right to withdraw from the Settlement if more than a certain number of putative class members opt out of the Settlement. The deadline imposed by the court in the Federal action for any Plaintiff to opt out of the Settlement or file an objection to the Settlement is December 8, 2017.

The proposed aggregate pre-tax amount of the Settlement with respect to the Company remains at $126 million. However, the aggregate portion of the Settlement to be contributed by WVAWC, net of insurance recoveries, has been reduced from $65 million to $43 million (approximately $26 million after-tax) due to the recent settlement with one of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers, as discussed below. This reduction will apply to WVAWC’s contributions to the guaranteed fund. The contribution by another defendant to the Settlement remains at $25 million. If any final approval order by the court with respect to the Settlement is appealed and such appeal would delay potential payment to claimants under the Settlement, WVAWC and the other defendant to the Settlement will contribute up to $50 million and $25 million, respectively, to the Settlement (not including, in the case of WVAWC, any contributions by the Company’s general liability insurance carriers which would not be made until such time as a final, non-appealable order is issued) into an escrow account during the pendency of such appeals. For certain claims, WVAWC and the other defendant to the Settlement may, in lieu of these escrowed contributions, make advance payments of such claims if agreed to by the parties. All administrative expenses of the Settlement and attorneys’ fees of class counsel related thereto would be paid from the funds designated to pay claims covered by the Settlement.

Notice of the terms of the Settlement to members of the settlement class commenced on October 11, 2017 and is expected to be completed by November 8, 2017. Following the notice period, the court will hold a fairness hearing to consider final approval of the Settlement, which is currently scheduled to be held on January 9, 2018. There can be no assurance that the Settlement will not be amended further or that the court will provide its final approval as to any agreement negotiated between the parties reflecting the terms of the Settlement.

The court in the Federal action has currently postponed a trial indefinitely in light of the preliminary approval of the Settlement and the global settlement agreement described above, and the Mass Litigation Panel stayed its proceedings until January 23, 2018.

Two of the Company’s insurance carriers that provide an aggregate of $50 million in insurance coverage to the Company under its general liability policies, had been originally requested, but at the time of the initial filing of the binding agreement in principle with the court in the Federal action in October 2016, had not agreed, to participate in the Settlement. WVAWC had filed a lawsuit against one of these carriers alleging that the carrier’s failure to agree to participate in the Settlement constituted a breach of contract. On September 19, 2017, the Company and the insurance carrier settled this lawsuit for $22 million, out of a maximum of $25 million in potential coverage under the terms of the relevant policy, in exchange for a full release by the Company and WVAWC of all claims against the insurance carrier related to the Freedom Industries chemical spill, and the parties agreed to stay this litigation pending final approval of the Settlement. The settlement with the insurance carrier reduced the total amount of WVAWC’s potential contributions to the Settlement from $65 million to $43 million. In the third quarter of 2017, WVAWC recorded an additional insurance receivable of $22 million, resulting in an after-tax benefit of $13 million.

The Company and WVAWC continue to pursue vigorously their rights to insurance coverage for contributions by WVAWC to the Settlement in mandatory arbitration with the remaining non-participating carrier. This arbitration proceeding remains pending. Despite these efforts, the Company may not ultimately be successful in obtaining further reimbursement under the remaining insurance policy for amounts that WVAWC may be required to contribute to the Settlement.

Dunbar, West Virginia Water Main Break Class Action Litigation

On October 12, 2017, WVAWC filed with the court a motion seeking to dismiss all of the plaintiffs’ counts alleging statutory and common law tort claims. Furthermore, WVAWC asserts that the PSC, and not the court, has primary jurisdiction over allegations involving violations of the applicable tariff, the public utility code and related rules. This motion remains pending.

The Company and WVAWC believe that WVAWC has valid, meritorious defenses to the claims raised in this class action complaint. WVAWC is vigorously defending itself against these allegations. While WVAWC and the Company are unable to predict the outcome of this matter, an adverse outcome could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, liquidity and/or reputation.

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Contract Operations Group -- East Palo Alto Water System Voluntary Report

By letter dated October 4, 2017, the SWRCB advised AWE that it is in compliance with all of the directives and relevant statutory and administrative provisions specified in the SWRCB’s June 15, 2017 citation. While AWE has completed all required compliance activities with respect to the citation, the SWRCB has previously reserved the right to take additional enforcement action. Proven violations of the CSDWA may result in civil and criminal penalties. AWE continues to cooperate with the SWRCB, the City of East Palo Alto and other authorities regarding this matter.

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ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A—Risk Factors in our Form 10-K, and in our other public filings, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. There have been no material changes from risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A—Risk Factors in our Form 10-K.

ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

In February 2015, the Board of Directors authorized an anti-dilutive stock repurchase program to mitigate the dilutive effect of shares issued through the Company’s dividend reinvestment, employee stock purchase and executive compensation activities. The program allows the Company to purchase up to 10 million shares of its outstanding common stock over an unrestricted period of time in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The program is conducted in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act, and, to facilitate these repurchases, the Company enters into Rule 10b5-1 stock repurchase plans with a third-party broker, which allow the Company to repurchase shares of its common stock at times when it otherwise might be prevented from doing so under insider trading laws or because of self-imposed trading blackout periods. Subject to applicable regulations, the Company may elect to amend or cancel the program or the stock repurchase parameters at its discretion to manage dilution.

The Company did not repurchase shares of common stock during three months ended September 30, 2017. From April 1, 2015, the date repurchases under the anti-dilutive stock repurchase program commenced, through September 30, 2017, the Company repurchased an aggregate of 3,950,000 shares of common stock under the program, leaving an aggregate of 6,050,000 shares available for repurchase under this program.

ITEM 3.    DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None.

ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION

None.

42

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description
3.1	Restated Certificate of Incorporation of American Water Works Company, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, File No. 001-34028, filed November 6, 2008).
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of American Water Works Company, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, File No. 001-34028, filed August 5, 2015).
4.1	Officers’ Certificate of American Water Capital Corp., dated August 10, 2017, establishing the terms of its 2.95% Senior Notes due 2027 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, File No. 001-34028, filed August 10, 2017).
4.2	Officers’ Certificate of American Water Capital Corp., dated August 10, 2017, establishing the terms of its 3.75% Senior Notes due 2047 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, File No. 001-34028, filed August 10, 2017).
10.1	American Water Works Company, Inc. and its Designated Subsidiaries 2017 Nonqualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-219682, filed August 4, 2017).
*31.1	Certification of Susan N. Story, President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
*31.2	Certification of Linda G. Sullivan, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
**32.1	Certification of Susan N. Story, President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
**32.2	Certification of Linda G. Sullivan, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
*101	The following financial statements from American Water Works Company, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 1, 2017, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (v) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity; and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 *    Filed herewith.

**     Furnished herewith.

43

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on the 1st day of November, 2017.

	AMERICAN WATER WORKS COMPANY, INC.
	(REGISTRANT)
By	/s/ SUSAN N. STORY
	Susan N. Story President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
By	/s/ LINDA G. SULLIVAN
	Linda G. Sullivan Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
By	/s/ MELISSA K. WIKLE
	Melissa K. Wikle Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)

44

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

(Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,

as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

I, Susan N. Story, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of American Water Works Company, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the consolidated financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)     Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)     Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)     Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)     Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)     All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)     Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 1, 2017

By:	/s/ SUSAN N. STORY
	Susan N. Story
	President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

(Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,

as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

I, Linda G. Sullivan, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of American Water Works Company, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the consolidated financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)     Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)     Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)     Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)     All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)     Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 1, 2017

By:	/s/ LINDA G. SULLIVAN
	Linda G. Sullivan
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

AMERICAN WATER WORKS COMPANY, INC.

CERTIFICATION

PURSUANT TO U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of American Water Works Company, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Susan N. Story, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

By:	/s/ SUSAN N. STORY
	Susan N. Story President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
	November 1, 2017

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

AMERICAN WATER WORKS COMPANY, INC.

CERTIFICATION

PURSUANT TO U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of American Water Works Company, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Linda G. Sullivan, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

By:	/s/ LINDA G. SULLIVAN
	Linda G. Sullivan
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
	November 1, 2017

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Oct. 26, 2017
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2017
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2017
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Trading Symbol	AWK
Entity Registrant Name	American Water Works Company, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001410636
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		178,375,400

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
ASSETS
Property, plant and equipment	$ 20,946	$ 19,954
Accumulated depreciation	(5,265)	(4,962)
Property, plant and equipment, net	15,681	14,992
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	93	75
Restricted funds	28	20
Accounts receivable, net	312	269
Unbilled revenues	234	263
Materials and supplies	42	39
Other	151	118
Total current assets	860	784
Regulatory and other long-term assets:
Regulatory assets	1,374	1,289
Goodwill	1,373	1,345
Other	73	72
Total regulatory and other long-term assets	2,820	2,706
TOTAL ASSETS	19,361	18,482
Capitalization:
Common stock ($0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 182,437,980 and 181,798,555 shares issued, respectively)	2	2
Paid-in-capital	6,423	6,388
Accumulated deficit	(573)	(873)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(87)	(86)
Treasury stock, at cost (4,064,010 and 3,701,867 shares, respectively)	(247)	(213)
Total common stockholders' equity	5,518	5,218
Long-term debt	6,672	5,749
Redeemable preferred stock at redemption value	9	10
Total long-term debt	6,681	5,759
Total capitalization	12,199	10,977
Current liabilities:
Short-term debt	103	849
Current portion of long-term debt	687	574
Accounts payable	144	154
Accrued liabilities	498	609
Taxes accrued	61	31
Interest accrued	103	63
Other	151	112
Total current liabilities	1,747	2,392
Regulatory and other long-term liabilities:
Advances for construction	279	300
Deferred income taxes, net	2,862	2,596
Deferred investment tax credits	23	23
Regulatory liabilities	408	403
Accrued pension expense	421	419
Accrued postretirement benefit expense	84	87
Other	74	67
Total regulatory and other long-term liabilities	4,151	3,895
Contributions in aid of construction	1,264	1,218
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 9)
TOTAL CAPITALIZATION AND LIABILITIES	$ 19,361	$ 18,482

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Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Common stock, par value (dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (per share)	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (per share)	182,437,980	181,798,555
Treasury Stock, shares (per share)	4,064,010	3,701,867

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Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Income Statement [Abstract]
Operating revenues		$ 936	$ 930	$ 2,536	$ 2,500
Operating expenses:
Operation and maintenance		324	432	1,010	1,131
Depreciation and amortization		128	119	378	350
General taxes		61	65	192	195
Gain on asset dispositions and purchases		(7)	(5)	(9)	(8)
Total operating expenses, net		506	611	1,571	1,668
Operating income		430	319	965	832
Other income (expense):
Interest, net		(89)	(81)	(259)	(242)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt		(6)	0	(6)	0
Other, net		5	5	11	14
Total other income (expense)		(90)	(76)	(254)	(228)
Income before income taxes		340	243	711	604
Provision for income taxes		137	95	284	237
Net income attributable to common stockholders		$ 203	$ 148	$ 427	$ 367
Basic earnings per share:
Net income attributable to common stockholders - Basic (dollars per share)	[1]	$ 1.14	$ 0.83	$ 2.39	$ 2.06
Diluted earnings per share:
Net income attributable to common stockholders - Diluted (dollars per share)		$ 1.13	$ 0.83	$ 2.39	$ 2.05
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Basic (per share)		178	178	178	178
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Diluted (per share)		179	178	179	179
Dividends declared per common share (dollars per share)		$ 0.415	$ 0.375	$ 0.83	$ 0.75

[1] Amounts may not calculate due to rounding.

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$ 203	$ 148	$ 427	$ 367
Pension amortized to periodic benefit cost:
Actuarial loss, net of tax of $1 for the three months and $3 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively	1	1	5	4
Foreign currency translation adjustment	0	0	(1)	0
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $(3) and $(3) for the three months and $(4) and $(10) for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively	(3)	(4)	(5)	(15)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	(2)	(3)	(1)	(11)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$ 201	$ 145	$ 426	$ 356

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Actuarial loss, tax	$ 1	$ 1	$ 3	$ 3
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges, tax	$ (3)	$ (3)	$ (4)	$ (10)

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$ 427	$ 367
Adjustments to reconcile to net cash flows provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	378	350
Deferred income taxes and amortization of investment tax credits	264	243
Provision for losses on accounts receivable	21	18
Gain on asset dispositions and purchases	(9)	(8)
Pension and non-pension postretirement benefits	44	43
Other non-cash, net	(39)	(48)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables and unbilled revenues	(34)	(83)
Pension and non-pension postretirement benefit contributions	(36)	(42)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(22)	184
Other assets and liabilities, net	(8)	(79)
Net cash provided by operating activities	986	945
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures	(964)	(928)
Acquisitions	(10)	(29)
Proceeds from sale of assets and securities	9	5
Removal costs from property, plant and equipment retirements, net	(51)	(62)
Net funds restricted	(5)	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,021)	(1,014)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from long-term debt	1,382	2
Repayments of long-term debt	(334)	(20)
Net short-term borrowings with maturities less than three months	(746)	322
Proceeds from issuances of employee stock plans and DRIP	21	22
Advances and contributions for construction, net of refunds of $16 and $17, respectively	23	16
Debt issuance costs	(13)	(1)
Dividends paid	(215)	(194)
Anti-dilutive stock repurchase	(54)	(65)
Taxes paid related to employee stock plans	(11)	(12)
Net cash provided by financing activities	53	70
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	18	1
Cash and cash equivalents as of beginning of period	75	45
Cash and cash equivalents as of end of period	93	46
Non-cash investing activity:
Capital expenditures acquired on account but unpaid as of end of period	175	182
Acquisition financed by treasury stock	$ 33	$ 0

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]
Advances and contributions for construction, refunds	$ 16	$ 17

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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	Total	Common Stock	Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Treasury Stock
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015		180.9				(2.6)
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 5,049	$ 2	$ 6,351	$ (1,073)	$ (88)	$ (143)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income attributable to common stockholders	367			367
Direct stock reinvestment and purchase plan	4		4
Employee stock purchase plan	5		5
Stock-based compensation activity (in shares)		0.8				(0.1)
Stock-based compensation activity	22		28			$ (6)
Repurchases of common stock (in shares)						(1.0)
Repurchases of common stock	(65)					$ (65)
Net other comprehensive loss	(11)				(11)
Dividends	(133)			(133)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2016		181.7				(3.7)
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2016	5,238	$ 2	6,388	(839)	(99)	$ (214)
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2016		181.8				(3.7)
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2016	5,218	$ 2	6,388	(873)	(86)	$ (213)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle	21			21
Net income attributable to common stockholders	427			427
Direct stock reinvestment and purchase plan (in shares)		0.1
Direct stock reinvestment and purchase plan	6		6
Employee stock purchase plan	5		5
Stock-based compensation activity (in shares)		0.5				(0.1)
Stock-based compensation activity	11		18			$ (7)
Acquisitions via treasury stock	$ 33		6			$ 27
Acquisitions via treasury stock (in shares)						0.4
Repurchases of common stock (in shares)	(0.7)					(0.7)
Repurchases of common stock	$ (54)					$ (54)
Net other comprehensive loss	(1)				(1)
Dividends	(148)			(148)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2017		182.4				(4.1)
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2017	$ 5,518	$ 2	$ 6,423	$ (573)	$ (87)	$ (247)

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Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited consolidated financial statements provided in this report include the accounts of American Water Works Company, Inc. and all of its subsidiaries (collectively, “American Water” or the “Company”) in which a controlling interest is maintained after the elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and with the rules and regulations for reporting on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not contain certain information and disclosures required by GAAP for comprehensive financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position as of September 30, 2017 and results of operations and cash flows for all periods presented have been made. All adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature, except as otherwise disclosed.

The Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2016 is derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2016. The unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes included in this report should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (“Form 10-K”) which provides a more complete discussion of the Company’s accounting policies, financial position, operating results and other matters. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year, due primarily to the seasonality of the Company’s operations.

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New Accounting Standards

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Abstract]

New Accounting Standards

New Accounting Standards

The Company adopted the following accounting standard on January 1, 2017:

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Application	Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements (or Other Significant Matters)
Simplification of Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting	Simplified accounting and disclosure requirements for share-based payment awards. The updated guidance addresses simplification in areas such as: (i) the recognition of excess tax benefits and deficiencies; (ii) the classification of excess tax benefits and taxes paid on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (iii) election of an accounting policy for forfeitures; and (iv) the amount an employer can withhold to cover income taxes and still qualify for equity classification.	January 1, 2017	Modified retrospective for the recognition of excess tax benefits and deficiencies; full retrospective for the classification of excess tax benefits and taxes paid on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	The cumulative effect of adoption increased retained earnings by $21, with an offsetting decrease to deferred income taxes, net. Adoption also increased cash flows from operating activities and decreased cash flows from financing activities by $17 and $20 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The following recently issued accounting standards are not yet required to be adopted by the Company as of September 30, 2017:

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Permitted Application	Estimated Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements (or Other Significant Matters)
Revenue from Contracts with Customers	Changes the criteria for recognizing revenue from a contract with a customer. Replaces existing guidance on revenue recognition, including most industry specific guidance. The objective is to provide a single, comprehensive revenue recognition model for all contracts with customers to improve comparability within industries, across industries and across capital markets. The underlying principle is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods and services to customers at an amount the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance also requires a number of disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Full or modified retrospective	The Company has substantially completed its evaluation and does not expect a material change. The Company continues to monitor for new interpretative guidance, which could impact the current evaluation. The Company plans to adopt using the modified retrospective method.
Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments on the Statement of Cash Flows	Provides guidance on the presentation and classification in the statement of cash flows for the following cash receipts and payments: (i) debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; (ii) settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing; (iii) contingent consideration payments made after a business combination; (iv) proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims; (v) proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies; (vi) distributions received from equity method investees; (vii) beneficial interests in securitization transactions and (viii) separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Retrospective	The Company will reclassify a $34 make-whole premium payment from operating activities to financing activities on its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows upon adoption. See Note 6: Long-Term Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding this make-whole premium payment.
Presentation of Changes in Restricted Cash on the Statement of Cash Flows	Updates the accounting and disclosure guidance for the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statements of cash flows. The amended guidance requires that the statements of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and amounts described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents will now be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statements of cash flows.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Retrospective	The Company does not anticipate significant impacts on its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Clarifying the Definition of a Business	Updates the accounting guidance to clarify the definition of a business with the objective of assisting entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions, or disposals, of assets or businesses.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Prospective	The update could result in more acquisitions being accounted for as asset acquisitions. The effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements will be dependent on the acquisitions that close subsequent to adoption.
Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets	Updated the guidance to clarify the accounting for gains and losses resulting from the derecognition of nonfinancial assets and partial sale of nonfinancial assets. The guidance also clarifies the definition of an in-substance nonfinancial asset.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Full or modified retrospective	The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. The Company plans to adopt using the modified retrospective method.
Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost	Updated authoritative guidance requires the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost to be presented in the same income statement line item(s) as other employee compensation costs arising from services rendered during the period. The remaining components of net periodic benefit cost are required to be presented separately from the service cost component in an income statement line item outside of operating income. Also, the guidance only allows for the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization. The updated guidance does not impact the accounting for net periodic benefit costs as regulatory assets or liabilities.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Retrospective for the presentation of net periodic benefit cost components in the income statement; prospective for the capitalization of net periodic benefit costs components in total assets	The Company will reclassify net periodic benefit cost components, other than the service cost component, to other, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company will continue to capitalize and will record net periodic benefit costs probable of recovery from customers as a regulatory asset or liability, other than the service cost components.
Accounting for Leases	Updated the accounting and disclosure guidance for leasing arrangements. Under this guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize the following for all leases, excluding short-term leases, at the commencement date: (i) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (ii) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged.	January 1, 2019; early adoption permitted	Modified retrospective	The Company is evaluating the effect on its consolidated financial statements.

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Permitted Application	Estimated Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements (or Other Significant Matters)
Accounting for Hedging Activities	Updated the accounting and disclosure guidance for hedging activities, which allows for more financial and nonfinancial hedging strategies to be eligible for hedge accounting. Under this guidance, a qualitative effectiveness assessment is permitted for certain hedges if an entity can reasonably support an expectation of high effectiveness throughout the term of the hedge, provided that an initial quantitative test establishes that the hedge relationship is highly effective. Also, for cash flow hedges determined to be highly effective, all changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument will be recorded in other comprehensive income with a subsequent reclassification to earnings when the hedged item impacts earnings.	January 1, 2019; early adoption permitted	Modified retrospective for adjustments related to the measurement of ineffectiveness for cash flow hedges; prospective for the updated presentation and disclosure requirements	The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements based on the hedges held as of the balance sheet date. The Company is evaluating the timing of adoption.
Simplification of Goodwill Impairment Testing	Updated authoritative guidance which simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Under the amendments in the update, an entity should perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary.	January 1, 2020; early adoption permitted	Prospective	The Company is evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements, as well as the timing of adoption.
Measurement of Credit Losses	Updated the accounting guidance on reporting credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost basis and available-for-sale debt securities. Under this guidance, expected credit losses are required to be measured based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount of financial assets. Also, this guidance requires that credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities be presented as an allowance rather than as a direct write-down.	January 1, 2020; early adoption permitted	Modified retrospective	The Company is evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements, as well as the timing of adoption.

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Acquisitions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Acquisitions

Acquisitions

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company closed on 14 acquisitions of various regulated water and wastewater systems for a total aggregate purchase price of $43. Included in this total was the Company’s acquisition of all the outstanding capital stock of the Shorelands Water Company, Inc. on April 3, 2017, for total consideration of $33, in the form of approximately 0.4 shares of the Company’s common stock. Assets acquired in the aforementioned acquisitions, principally utility plant, totaled $40. Liabilities assumed totaled $23, including $10 of contributions in aid of construction and assumed debt of $7. The Company recorded additional goodwill of $28 associated with three of the acquisitions, which is reported in the Company’s Regulated Businesses segment, and recognized a bargain purchase gain of $2 associated with one of the acquisitions. The preliminary purchase price allocations related to these acquisitions will be finalized once the valuation of assets acquired has been completed, no later than one year after their acquisition date.

During the first quarter of 2017, the Company made a non-escrowed deposit of $2 related to the asset purchase agreement to acquire substantially all of the wastewater collection and treatment system assets of the Municipal Authority of the City of McKeesport, Pennsylvania for approximately $159. On October 26, 2017, a joint petition for settlement of this acquisition was approved by the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission. The closing of this acquisition is subject to the satisfaction of various conditions and covenants. The Company expects to close this acquisition by the end of 2017.

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Stockholders' Equity

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders’ Equity

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table presents changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively:

	Defined Benefit Plans							Foreign Currency Translation			Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
	Employee Benefit Plan Funded Status			Amortization of Prior Service Cost		Amortization of Actuarial Loss
Beginning balance as of December 31, 2016	$	(147	)	$	1	$	42	$	2		$	16		$	(86	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	—			—		—		(1		)	(5		)	(6		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—			—		5		—			—			5
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	—			—		5		(1		)	(5		)	(1		)
Ending balance as of September 30, 2017	$	(147	)	$	1	$	47	$	1		$	11		$	(87	)
Beginning balance as of December 31, 2015	$	(126	)	$	1	$	36	$	2		$	(1	)	$	(88	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	—			—		—		—			(15		)	(15		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—			—		4		—			—			4
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	—			—		4		—			(15		)	(11		)
Ending balance as of September 30, 2016	$	(126	)	$	1	$	40	$	2		$	(16	)	$	(99	)

The Company does not reclassify the amortization of defined benefit pension cost components from accumulated other comprehensive loss directly to net income in its entirety, as a portion of these costs have been capitalized as a regulatory asset. These accumulated other comprehensive income loss components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost. See Note 8— Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits.

The amortization of the loss on cash flow hedges is reclassified to net income during the period incurred and is included in interest, net in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Anti-dilutive Stock Repurchase Program

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company repurchased 0.7 shares of common stock in the open market at an aggregate cost of $54 under the anti-dilutive stock repurchase program authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors in 2015. As of September 30, 2017, there were 6.1 shares of common stock available for repurchase under the program.

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Stock Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock Based Compensation

Stock Based Compensation

On May 12, 2017, the Company’s stockholders approved the American Water Works Company, Inc. 2017 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan (the “2017 Omnibus Plan”). A total of 7.2 shares of common stock may be issued under the 2017 Omnibus Plan. The 2017 Omnibus Plan provides that grants of awards may be in any of the following forms: incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock units, stock awards, other stock-based awards and dividend equivalents, which may be granted only on stock units or other stock-based awards.

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Long-Term Debt

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt

Long-Term Debt

The following long-term debt was issued during the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

Company	Type	Rate	Maturity	Amount
American Water Capital Corp. (a)	Senior Notes	2.95%-3.75%	2027-2047	$	1,350
Other American Water subsidiaries	Private activity bonds and government funded debt—fixed rate	0.00%-3.92%	2020-2036	21
Other American Water subsidiaries	Term Loan	4.48%-4.98%	2021	11
Total issuances				$	1,382

(a) American Water Capital Corp. (“AWCC”), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, has a support agreement with the Company that, under certain circumstances, is the functional equivalent of a parent company guarantee. This indebtedness is considered “debt” for purposes of this support agreement.

The following long-term debt was retired through sinking fund provisions, optional redemptions or payment at maturity during the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

Company	Type	Rate	Maturity	Amount
American Water Capital Corp.	Senior Notes	5.62%-5.77%	2018-2021	$	319
American Water Capital Corp.	Private activity bonds and government funded debt—fixed rate	1.79%-2.90%	2021-2031	1
Other American Water subsidiaries	Private activity bonds and government funded debt—fixed rate	0.00%-5.38%	2017-2041	12
Other American Water subsidiaries	Term Loan	4.48%-4.98%	2021	1
Other American Water subsidiaries	Mandatorily redeemable preferred stock	8.49%	2036	1
Total retirements and redemptions				$	334

On August 10, 2017, AWCC completed a $1,350 debt offering which included the sale of $600 aggregate principal amount of its 2.95% Senior Notes due in 2027 and $750 aggregate principal amount of its 3.75% Senior Notes due in 2047. At the closing of the offering, AWCC received, after deduction of underwriting discounts and debt issuance costs, $1,333. On September 13, 2017, AWCC used proceeds from the offering to: (i) prepay $138 of its outstanding 5.62% Series C Senior Notes due December 21, 2018 (“Series C Senior Notes”) and $181 of its outstanding 5.77% Series D Senior Notes due December 21, 2021 (“Series D Senior Notes”); (ii) repay commercial paper obligations; and (iii) for general corporate purposes. Subsequently, AWCC used proceeds from the offering to repay at maturity, $524 of its 6.085% Senior Notes on October 15, 2017. In addition, the Company repaid $33 of 7.08% subsidiary debt at maturity on November 1, 2017.

As a result of AWCC’s prepayment of the Series C and Series D Senior Notes and payment of a make-whole premium to the holders thereof of $34, the Company recorded an early debt extinguishment charge of $6, which was associated with the portion of the debt allocable to the Company’s parent. Substantially all of the early debt extinguishment costs allocable to the Company’s utility subsidiaries were recorded as regulatory assets that the Company believes are probable of recovery in future rates.

On August 7, 2017, the Company terminated four forward starting swap agreements with an aggregate notional amount of $300, realizing a gain of $19 to be amortized through interest, net over 30 years. The Company has one remaining forward starting swap agreement, which was entered into on February 8, 2017, with a notional amount of $100 to reduce interest rate exposure for a portion of the expected refinancing of AWCC’s Series C Senior Notes. This forward starting swap agreement terminates in November 2018 and has an average fixed rate of 2.67%. The Company has designated this forward starting swap agreement as a cash flow hedge with its fair value recorded in accumulated other comprehensive gain or loss. Upon termination, the cumulative gain or loss recorded in accumulated other comprehensive gain or loss will be amortized through interest, net over the term of the new debt.

The Company has an interest rate swap to hedge $100 of its 6.085% Senior Notes maturing in the fourth quarter of 2017. The Company pays variable interest of six-month LIBOR plus 3.422% and has designated this interest rate swap as a fair value hedge accounted for at fair value with gains or losses, as well as the offsetting gains or losses on the hedged item, recognized in interest, net. The net gain and loss recognized by the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was de minimis. This interest rate swap matured on October 15, 2017.

The Company has employed interest rate swaps to fix the interest cost on a portion of its variable-rate debt with an aggregate notional amount of $6. The Company has designated these interest rate swaps as economic hedges accounted for at fair value with gains or losses deferred as a regulatory asset or regulatory liability. The net gain recognized by the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was de minimis.

No ineffectiveness was recognized on hedging instruments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.

The following table provides a summary of the gross fair value for the Company’s derivative asset and liabilities, as well as the location of the asset and liability balances in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:

Derivative Instruments	Derivative Designation	Balance Sheet Classification	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Asset Derivative
Forward starting swaps	Cash flow hedge	Other current assets	$	—	$	27
Interest rate swap	Fair value hedge	Other current assets	—		1
Liability Derivative
Interest rate swap	Fair value hedge	Current portion of long-term debt	$	—	$	1
Forward starting swaps	Cash flow hedge	Other long-term liabilities	2		—

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Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rate was 40.3% and 39.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 39.9% and 39.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

On April 11, 2017, the State of New York enacted legislation that increased the state income tax rate on the Company’s taxable income attributable to New York. This legislation eliminated the production of water as a qualified manufacturing activity in New York, which effectively increased the state income tax rate in New York. As a result of the legislative change, the Company was required to re-measure its cumulative deferred tax balances using the higher state income tax rate in the second quarter of 2017. This change in legislation was the primary cause of an increase to the Company’s unitary deferred tax liability of $11. The portion of this increase related to the Company’s New York subsidiary calculated on a stand-alone basis was $7, and was offset by a regulatory asset, as the Company believes it is probable of recovery in future rates. The remaining increase in the deferred tax liability was calculated through state tax apportionment rates and recorded at the consolidated level, resulting in a non-cash, cumulative charge to earnings of $4 during the second quarter of 2017.

On July 7, 2017, the State of Illinois enacted legislation that increased, effective July 1, 2017, the state income tax rate on the Company’s taxable income attributable to Illinois from 7.75% to 9.5%. As a result of the legislative change, the Company was required to re-measure its cumulative deferred tax balances using the higher state income tax rate in the third quarter of 2017. This change in legislation was the primary cause of the increase to the Company’s unitary deferred tax liability of $7. The portion of this increase related to the Company’s Illinois subsidiary calculated on a stand-alone basis was $4, and was offset by a regulatory asset, as the Company believes it is probable of recovery in future rates. The remaining increase in the deferred tax liability was recorded at the consolidated level, resulting in a non-cash, cumulative charge of $3 during the third quarter of 2017.

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Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

The following table provides the components of net periodic benefit costs:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Components of net periodic pension benefit cost
Service cost	$	8		$	8		$	25		$	24
Interest cost	20			20			60			60
Expected return on plan assets	(23		)	(24		)	(70		)	(72		)
Amortization of actuarial loss	9			7			27			21
Net periodic pension benefit cost	$	14		$	11		$	42		$	33
Components of net periodic other postretirement benefit cost
Service cost	$	3		$	3		$	8		$	9
Interest cost	7			7			20			22
Expected return on plan assets	(7		)	(7		)	(20		)	(20		)
Amortization of prior service credit	(5		)	(3		)	(14		)	(4		)
Amortization of actuarial loss	3			1			8			3
Net periodic other postretirement benefit cost	$	1		$	1		$	2		$	10

The Company made contributions for the funding of its defined benefit pension plans of $11 and $8 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $31 and $25 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and expects to contribute $9 during the remainder of 2017. In addition, the Company made contributions for the funding of its other postretirement plans of $2 and $6 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $5 and $17 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and expects to contribute $1 during the remainder of 2017.

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Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Contingencies

The Company is routinely involved in legal actions incident to the normal conduct of its business. As of September 30, 2017, the Company has accrued approximately $139 of probable loss contingencies and has estimated that the maximum amount of losses associated with reasonably possible loss contingencies that can be reasonably estimated is $27. For certain matters, claims and actions, the Company is unable to estimate possible losses. The Company believes that damages or settlements, if any, recovered by plaintiffs in such matters, claims or actions, other than as described in this Note 9, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.

West Virginia Elk River Freedom Industries Chemical Spill

Background

On January 9, 2014, a chemical storage tank owned by Freedom Industries, Inc. leaked two substances, 4-methylcyclohexane methanol, or “MCHM”, and PPH/DiPPH, a mix of polyglycol ethers, into the Elk River near the West Virginia-American Water Company (“WVAWC”) treatment plant intake in Charleston, West Virginia. After having been alerted to the leak of MCHM by the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (“DEP”), WVAWC took immediate steps to gather more information about MCHM, augment its treatment process as a precaution, and begin consultations with federal, state and local public health officials. As soon as possible after it was determined that the augmented treatment process would not fully remove the MCHM, a joint decision was reached in consultation with the West Virginia Bureau for Public Health to issue a “Do Not Use” order for all of its approximately 93,000 customer accounts in parts of nine West Virginia counties served by the Charleston treatment plant. By January 18, 2014, none of WVAWC’s customers were subject to the Do Not Use order.

Following the Freedom Industries chemical spill, numerous lawsuits were filed against WVAWC and certain other Company affiliated entities (collectively, the “American Water Defendants”) with respect to this matter in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia or West Virginia Circuit Courts in Kanawha, Boone and Putnam counties, and to date, 74 cases remain pending. Four of the cases pending before the U.S. district court were consolidated for purposes of discovery, and an amended consolidated class action complaint for those cases (the “Federal action”) was filed in December 2014 by several plaintiffs. On January 28, 2016, all of the then-filed state court cases were referred to West Virginia’s Mass Litigation Panel for further proceedings, which have been stayed pending the negotiation by the parties and approval by the court in the Federal action of a global agreement to settle all of such cases, as described below. On July 7, 2016, the court in the Federal action scheduled trial to begin on October 25, 2016, but the court has granted several continuances of the trial, which is currently postponed indefinitely in light of the preliminarily approved global settlement agreement described below. The Mass Litigation Panel has also stayed its proceedings until January 23, 2018.

Preliminary Approval of WVAWC Global Class Action Litigation Settlement

On October 31, 2016, the court in the Federal action approved the preliminary principles, terms and conditions of a binding global agreement in principle to settle claims among the American Water Defendants, and all class members, putative class members, claimants and potential claimants, arising out of the Freedom Industries chemical spill. On April 27, 2017, the parties filed with the court in the Federal action a proposed settlement agreement providing details of the terms of the settlement of these matters and requesting that the court in the Federal action grant preliminary approval of such settlement. On July 6, 2017, the court in the Federal action issued an opinion denying without prejudice the joint motion for preliminary approval of the Settlement. On August 25, 2017, the parties filed a proposed amended settlement agreement and related materials addressing the matters set forth in the July 6, 2017 order.

On September 21, 2017, the court in the Federal action issued an order granting preliminary approval of a settlement class and proposed class action settlement (the “Settlement”) with respect to claims against the American Water Defendants by all putative class members (collectively, the “Plaintiffs”) for all claims and potential claims arising out of the Freedom Industries chemical spill. The Settlement proposes a global resolution of all federal and state litigation and potential claims against the American Water Defendants and their insurers. Under the terms and conditions of the Settlement and the proposed amended settlement agreement, the American Water Defendants have not admitted, and will not admit, any fault or liability for any of the allegations made by the Plaintiffs in any of the actions to be resolved. Under federal class action rules, a claimant may elect to opt out of the final Settlement, in which case such claimant will not receive any benefit from or be bound by the terms of the Settlement. The American Water Defendants would have the right to withdraw from the Settlement if more than a certain number of putative class members opt out of the Settlement. The deadline imposed by the court in the Federal action for any Plaintiff to opt out of the Settlement or file an objection to the Settlement is December 8, 2017.

The proposed aggregate pre-tax amount of the Settlement is $126, of which $43 would be contributed by WVAWC, and the remainder would be contributed by certain of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers. The WVAWC contribution was reduced from $65 to $43 ($26 after tax) due to a settlement in the third quarter of 2017 with another of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers, as discussed below. The Company has general liability insurance under a series of policies underwritten by a number of individual carriers. Two of these insurance carriers, which provide an aggregate of $50 in insurance coverage to the Company under these policies, had been originally requested to participate in the Settlement at the time of the initial filing of the binding agreement in principle with the court in the Federal action, but did not agree to do so at that time. WVAWC filed a lawsuit against one of these carriers alleging that the carrier’s failure to agree to participate in the Settlement constituted a breach of contract. On September 19, 2017, the Company and the insurance carrier settled this lawsuit for $22, out of a maximum of $25 in potential coverage under the terms of the relevant policy, in exchange for a full release by the Company and WVAWC of all claims against the insurance carrier related to the Freedom Industries chemical spill. WVAWC and the settling insurer have agreed to stay this litigation pending final approval of the Settlement. The Company and WVAWC continue to pursue vigorously their rights to insurance coverage for contributions by WVAWC to the Settlement in mandatory arbitration with the remaining non-participating carrier. This arbitration proceeding remains pending.

The proposed Settlement would establish a two-tier settlement fund for the payment of claims, comprised of (i) a simple claim fund, which is also referred to as the “guaranteed fund,” of $76, of which $29 will be contributed by WVAWC, including insurance deductibles, and $47 would be contributed by two of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers, and (ii) an individual review claim fund of up to $50, of which up to $14 would be contributed by WVAWC and up to $36 would be contributed by a number of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers. Separately, up to $25 would be contributed to the guaranteed fund by another defendant to the Settlement. If any final approval order by the court in the Federal action with respect to the Settlement is appealed and such appeal would delay potential payment to claimants under the Settlement, WVAWC and the other defendant to the Settlement will contribute up to $50 and $25, respectively, to the Settlement (not including, in the case of WVAWC, any contributions by the Company’s general liability insurance carriers which would not be made until such time as a final, non-appealable order is issued) into an escrow account during the pendency of such appeals. For certain claims, WVAWC and the other defendant to the Settlement may, in lieu of these escrowed contributions, make advance payments of such claims if agreed to by the parties. All administrative expenses of the Settlement and attorneys’ fees of class counsel related thereto would be paid from the funds designated to pay claims covered by the Settlement.

As a result of these events, in the third quarter of 2016, the Company recorded a charge to earnings, net of insurance receivables, of $65 ($39 after-tax). Additionally, in the third quarter of 2017, the Company recorded a benefit of $22 ($13 after-tax) as an additional insurance receivable reflecting the settlement with the insurance carrier described above. The settlement amount of $126 is reflected in Accrued Liabilities and the offsetting insurance receivables are reflected in Other Current Assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2017. The Company intends to fund WVAWC’s contributions to the Settlement through existing sources of liquidity, although no contribution by WVAWC will be required unless and until the terms of the Settlement are finally approved by the court in the Federal action. Furthermore, under the terms of the Settlement, WVAWC has agreed that it will not seek rate recovery from the Public Service Commission of West Virginia for approximately $4 in direct response costs expensed in 2014 by WVAWC relating to the Freedom Industries chemical spill as well as for amounts paid by WVAWC under the Settlement.

The Company’s insurance policies operate under a layered structure where coverage is generally provided in the upper layers after claims have exhausted lower layers of coverage. The $36 to be contributed by a number of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers to the individual review claim fund, as noted above, is from higher layers of the insurance structure than the insurance carrier that was requested, but presently has not agreed, to participate in the Settlement. Any recovery by WVAWC or the Company from the remaining non-participating carrier would reimburse WVAWC for its contributions to the guaranteed fund.

Other Related Proceedings

Additionally, investigations with respect to the matter have been initiated by the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (the “CSB”), the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of West Virginia, the West Virginia Attorney General, and the Public Service Commission of West Virginia (the “PSC”). As a result of the U.S. Attorney’s Office investigation, Freedom Industries and six former Freedom Industries employees (three of whom also were former owners of Freedom Industries), pled guilty to violations of the federal Clean Water Act.

In May 2014, the PSC issued an Order initiating a General Investigation into certain matters relating to WVAWC’s response to the Freedom Industries chemical spill. Three parties intervened in the proceeding, including the Consumer Advocate Division of the PSC and two attorney-sponsored groups, including one sponsored by some of the plaintiffs’ counsel involved in the civil litigation described above. On January 26, 2017, WVAWC and the other parties agreed to resolve the General Investigation and filed a joint stipulation with the PSC containing the terms of the settlement. The parties to the joint stipulation filed a proposed order with the PSC on February 8, 2017. On June 15, 2017, the PSC entered an order accepting the joint stipulation that had been filed by the parties in January 2017 as a reasonable basis for resolving the General Investigation and removing the proceeding from the docket. The PSC’s order did not require WVAWC to take any further action with respect to the matters covered by the General Investigation. The PSC order concludes the General Investigation.

The CSB is an independent investigatory agency with no regulatory mandate or ability to issue fines or citations; rather, the CSB can only issue recommendations for further action. In response to the Freedom Industries chemical spill, the CSB commenced an investigation shortly thereafter. On September 28, 2016, the CSB issued and adopted its investigation report in which it recommended that the Company conduct additional source water protection activities. The Company provided written comments to the CSB’s report suggesting that the recommendation made to the Company would be better directed to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in order to promote industry-wide implementation of the CSB’s recommendation. On February 15, 2017, the Company filed a response to the CSB’s recommendation. On April 4, 2017, the CSB indicated that the implementation by the Company of source water protection activities resolved the first two parts of the CSB’s recommendation. The CSB also noted that compliance by the Company with the third part of its recommendation is ongoing and that closure of this part is contingent upon completion of updated contingency planning for the Company’s water utilities outside of West Virginia. In light of public response to its original September 2016 investigation report, on May 11, 2017, the CSB issued a new version of this report. The primary substantive change addressed CSB’s factual evaluation of the duration and volume of contamination from the leaking tank, decreasing its estimate of the leak time but increasing the volume estimate by 10%. No substantive changes were made to the conclusions and recommendations in the original report.

On March 16, 2017, the Lincoln County (West Virginia) Commission (the “LCC”) passed a county ordinance entitled the “Lincoln County, WV Comprehensive Public Nuisance Investigation and Abatement Ordinance.” The ordinance establishes a mechanism that Lincoln County believes will allow it to pursue criminal or civil proceedings for the “public nuisance” it alleges was caused by the Freedom Industries chemical spill. On April 20, 2017, the LCC filed a complaint in Lincoln County state court against WVAWC and certain other defendants not affiliated with the Company, alleging that the Freedom Industries chemical spill caused a public nuisance in Lincoln County. On June 12, 2017, the Mass Litigation Panel entered an order granting a motion to transfer this case to its jurisdiction and stayed the case consistent with the existing stay order. The complaint seeks an injunction against WVAWC that would require the creation of various databases and public repositories of documents related to this chemical spill, as well as further study and risk assessments regarding the alleged exposure by Lincoln County residents to the released chemicals. WVAWC believes that the lawsuit is without merit and intends to vigorously contest the claims and allegations raised in the complaint.

California Public Utilities Commission Residential Rate Design Proceeding

In December 2016, the California Public Utilities Commission (the “CPUC”) issued a final decision in a proceeding involving California-American Water Company, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary (“Cal Am”), adopting a new residential rate design for Cal Am’s Monterey District. The decision allowed for recovery by Cal Am of $32 in under-collections in the water revenue adjustment mechanism/modified cost balancing account (“WRAM/MCBA”) over a five-year period, plus interest, and modified existing conservation and rationing plans. In its decision, the CPUC noted concern regarding Cal Am’s residential tariff administration, specifically regarding the lack of verification of customer-provided information about the number of residents per household. This information was used for generating billing determinants under the tiered rate system. As a result, the CPUC kept this proceeding open to address several issues, including whether Cal Am’s residential tariff administration violated a statute, rule or CPUC decision, and if so, whether a penalty should be imposed.

On February 24, 2017, Cal Am, the Monterey Peninsula Water Management District, the CPUC’s Office of Ratepayer Advocates, and the Coalition of Peninsula Businesses filed for CPUC approval of a joint settlement agreement (the “Joint Settlement Agreement”), which among other things, proposed to resolve the CPUC’s residential tariff administration concerns by providing for a waiver by Cal Am of $0.5 of cost recovery for residential customers through the WRAM/MCBA in lieu of a penalty. Approval of the Joint Settlement Agreement, which is required for it to take effect, remains pending before the CPUC.

On March 28, 2017, the administrative law judge assigned to the proceeding issued a ruling stating there was sufficient evidence to conclude, on a preliminary basis, that Cal Am’s administration of the residential tariff violated certain provisions of the California Public Utilities Code and a CPUC decision. The ruling ordered Cal Am to show cause why it should not be penalized for these administrative violations and directed the settling parties to address whether the cost recovery waiver in the Joint Settlement Agreement was reasonable compared to a potential penalty range described by the administrative law judge. During hearings held on April 13-14, 2017, the administrative law judge clarified that this potential penalty range is $3 to $179 (calculated as a continuing violation dating back to 2000 and applying penalties of up to $20 thousand per day until January 1, 2012 and penalties of up to $50 thousand per day thereafter, reflecting a 2012 change to the relevant statute). The administrative law judge also noted that a per diem penalty may not be appropriate, as Cal Am’s monthly billing practices did not allow Cal Am to update customer-provided information for billing purposes on a daily basis. Hearings before the administrative law judge in this matter occurred in August and September 2017. Cal Am also submitted additional testimony on the issue of whether Cal Am should be penalized, and if so, the reasonable amount of any such penalty. A subsequent hearing in this proceeding is currently scheduled for November 27, 2017.

As of September 30, 2017, the portions of this loss contingency that are probable and/or reasonable possible have been determined to be immaterial to the Company and have been included in the aggregate maximum amounts described above in the first paragraph of “Contingencies” in this Note 9.

Missouri Infrastructure System Replacement Surcharge Litigation

In March 2016, the Western District of the Missouri Court of Appeals ruled that the Missouri Public Service Commission (“MoPSC”) did not have statutory authority to issue an order in June 2015 approving an infrastructure system replacement surcharge (“ISRS”) for Missouri-American Water Company (“MAWC”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The court held that the MoPSC’s June 2015 order authorizing the ISRS increase was invalid because St. Louis County did not have a population of at least one million residents, as required by the statute. MAWC believes that the MoPSC’s June 2015 order authorizing the collection of ISRS revenues is lawful. In June 2016, the Missouri Supreme Court granted MAWC’s application to transfer the case from the Court of Appeals to the Missouri Supreme Court, and as a result of that order, the March 2016 ruling of the Court of Appeals was vacated.

On March 14, 2017, in a unanimous decision, the Missouri Supreme Court dismissed the case as moot, finding that there were no longer any ISRS funds in dispute because MAWC had completed a rate case during the appellate process and the disputed charges were now incorporated in base rates. On May 30, 2017, the Missouri Supreme Court denied a Motion for Rehearing filed by the Missouri Office of Public Counsel, which action concluded the litigation in this matter.

Dunbar, West Virginia Water Main Break Class Action Litigation

On the evening of June 23, 2015, a 36-inch pre-stressed concrete transmission water main, installed in the early 1970s, failed. The water main is part of WVAWC’s West Relay pumping station located in the City of Dunbar. The failure of the main caused water outages and low pressure to up to approximately 25,000 WVAWC customers. In the early morning hours of June 25, 2015, crews completed a repair, but that same day, the repair developed a leak. On June 26, 2015, a second repair was completed and service was restored that day to approximately 80% of the impacted customers, and to the remaining approximately 20% by the next morning. The second repair showed signs of leaking but the water main was usable until June 29, 2015 to allow tanks to refill. The system was reconfigured to maintain service to all but approximately 3,000 customers while a final repair was completed safely on June 30, 2015. Water service was fully restored on July 1, 2015 to all customers affected by this event.

On June 2, 2017, a class action complaint was filed in West Virginia Circuit Court in Kanawha County against WVAWC on behalf of a purported class of residents and business owners who lost water service or pressure as a result of the Dunbar main break. The complaint alleges breach of contract by WVAWC for failure to supply water, violation of West Virginia law regarding the sufficiency of WVAWC’s facilities and negligence by WVAWC in the design, maintenance and operation of the water system. The plaintiffs seek unspecified alleged damages on behalf of the class for lost profits, annoyance and inconvenience, and loss of use, as well as punitive damages for willful, reckless and wanton behavior in not addressing the risk of pipe failure and a large outage.

On October 12, 2017, WVAWC filed with the court a motion seeking to dismiss all of the plaintiffs’ counts alleging statutory and common law tort claims. Furthermore, WVAWC asserts that the Public Service Commission of West Virginia, and not the court, has primary jurisdiction over allegations involving violations of the applicable tariff, the public utility code and related rules. This motion remains pending.

The Company and WVAWC believe that WVAWC has valid, meritorious defenses to the claims raised in this class action complaint. WVAWC is vigorously defending itself against these allegations. Given the current stage of this proceeding, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the amount of any reasonably possible losses or a range of such losses related to this proceeding.

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Earnings Per Common Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Common Share

Earnings per Common Share

The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for basic and diluted earnings per share calculations:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017		2016		2017		2016
Numerator
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	203	$	148	$	427	$	367
Denominator
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—Basic	178		178		178		178
Effect of dilutive common stock equivalents	1		—		1		1
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—Diluted	179		178		179		179

The effect of dilutive common stock equivalents is related to restricted stock units and performance stock units granted under the 2007 and 2017 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plans, as well as shares purchased under the Company’s Nonqualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

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Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company used the following methods and assumptions to estimate its fair value disclosures for financial instruments:

Current assets and current liabilities—The carrying amounts reported in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets for current assets and current liabilities, including revolving credit debt, due to the short-term maturities and variable interest rates, approximate their fair values.

Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements and long-term debt—The fair values of preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements and long-term debt are categorized within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs that are used to value each instrument. The fair value of long-term debt classified as Level 1 is calculated using quoted prices in active markets. Level 2 instruments are valued using observable inputs and Level 3 instruments are valued using observable and unobservable inputs. The fair values of instruments classified as Level 2 and Level 3 are determined by a valuation model that is based on a conventional discounted cash flow methodology and utilizes assumptions of current market rates. As a portion of the Company’s debts do not trade in active markets, the Company calculated a base yield curve using a risk-free rate (a U.S. Treasury securities yield curve) plus a credit spread that is based on the following two factors: (i) an average of the Company’s own publicly-traded debt securities and (ii) the current market rates for U.S. Utility A debt securities. The Company used these yield curve assumptions to derive a base yield for the Level 2 and Level 3 securities. Additionally, the Company adjusted the base yield for specific features of the debt securities including call features, coupon tax treatment and collateral for the Level 3 instruments.

The carrying amounts, including fair value adjustments previously recognized in acquisition purchase accounting and a fair value adjustment related to the Company’s interest rate swap fair value hedge (which is classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy), and fair values of the financial instruments were as follows:

	Carrying Amount		At Fair Value as of September 30, 2017
			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	$	11	$	—	$	—	$	15	$	15
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations)	7,357		5,375		990		1,867		8,232
	Carrying Amount		At Fair Value as of December 31, 2016
			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	$	12	$	—	$	—	$	15	$	15
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations)	6,320		3,876		1,363		1,805		7,044

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis and their level in the fair value hierarchy:

	At Fair Value as of September 30, 2017
	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Total
Assets:
Restricted funds	$	29	$	—		$	—	$	29
Rabbi trust investments	14		—			—		14
Deposits	4		—			—		4
Other investments	4		—			—		4
Total assets	51		—			—		51
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation obligations	16		—			—		16
Mark-to-market derivative liabilities	—		2			—		2
Total liabilities	16		2			—		18
Total net assets (liabilities)	$	35	$	(2	)	$	—	$	33

	At Fair Value as of December 31, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Restricted funds	$	24	$	—	$	—	$	24
Rabbi trust investments	12		—		—		12
Deposits	3		—		—		3
Mark-to-market derivative assets	—		28		—		28
Other investments	1		—		—		1
Total assets	40		28		—		68
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation obligations	13		—		—		13
Total liabilities	13		—		—		13
Total net assets (liabilities)	$	27	$	28	$	—	$	55

Restricted funds—The Company’s restricted funds primarily represent proceeds received from financings for the construction and capital improvement of facilities and from customers for future services under operations and maintenance projects. The proceeds of these financings are held in escrow until the designated expenditures are incurred. Long-term restricted funds of $1 and $4 were included in other long-term assets as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

Rabbi trust investments—The Company’s rabbi trust investments consist of equity and index funds from which supplemental executive retirement plan benefits and deferred compensation obligations can be paid. The Company includes these assets in other long-term assets.

Deposits—Deposits include escrow funds and certain other deposits held in trust. The Company includes cash deposits in other current assets.

Mark-to-market derivative asset and liability—The Company utilizes fixed-to-floating interest-rate swaps, typically designated as fair-value hedges, to achieve a targeted level of variable-rate debt as a percentage of total debt. The Company also employs derivative financial instruments in the form of variable-to-fixed interest rate swaps and forward starting interest rate swaps, classified as economic hedges and cash flow hedges, respectively, in order to fix the interest cost on existing or forecasted debt. The Company uses a calculation of future cash inflows and estimated future outflows, which are discounted, to determine the current fair value. Additional inputs to the present value calculation include the contract terms, counterparty credit risk, interest rates and market volatility.

Other investments—Other investments primarily represent money market funds used for active employee benefits. The Company includes other investments in other current assets.

Deferred compensation obligations—The Company’s deferred compensation plans allow participants to defer certain cash compensation into notional investment accounts. The Company includes such plans in other long-term liabilities. The value of the Company’s deferred compensation obligations is based on the market value of the participants’ notional investment accounts. The notional investments are comprised primarily of mutual funds, which are based on observable market prices.

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Segment Information

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

Segment Information

The Company conducts its business primarily through one reportable segment, the Regulated Businesses segment. The Company also operates several businesses that provide a broad range of related and complementary water and wastewater services in four operating segments that individually do not meet the criteria of a reportable segment in accordance with GAAP. These four non-reportable operating segments are collectively presented as the Company’s “Market-Based Businesses.” “Other” includes corporate costs that are not allocated to the Company’s operating segments, eliminations of inter-segment transactions, fair value adjustments and associated income and deductions related to acquisitions that have not been allocated to the operating segments for evaluation of performance and allocation of resource purposes. The following tables include the Company’s summarized segment information:

	As of or for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	842		$	100	$	(6	)	$	936
Depreciation and amortization	121			5		2			128
Total operating expenses, net	433			80		(7		)	506
Interest, net	(67		)	1		(23		)	(89		)
Income before income taxes	347			21		(28		)	340
Provision for income taxes	135			7		(5		)	137
Net income attributable to common stockholders	212			14		(23		)	203
Total assets	17,390			600		1,371			19,361

	As of or for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	826		$	109	$	(5	)	$	930
Depreciation and amortization	111			4		4			119
Total operating expenses, net	521			98		(8		)	611
Interest, net	(64		)	—		(17		)	(81		)
Income before income taxes	246			12		(15		)	243
Provision for income taxes	94			5		(4		)	95
Net income attributable to common stockholders	152			7		(11		)	148
Total assets	16,020			545		1,406			17,971

	As of or for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	2,247		$	306	$	(17	)	$	2,536
Depreciation and amortization	357			13		8			378
Total operating expenses, net	1,327			263		(19		)	1,571
Interest, net	(200		)	2		(61		)	(259		)
Income before income taxes	731			46		(66		)	711
Provision for income taxes	285			17		(18		)	284
Net income attributable to common stockholders	446			29		(48		)	427
Total assets	17,390			600		1,371			19,361

	As of or for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	2,176		$	338	$	(14	)	$	2,500
Depreciation and amortization	328			11		11			350
Total operating expenses, net	1,385			300		(17		)	1,668
Interest, net	(191		)	1		(52		)	(242		)
Income before income taxes	610			44		(50		)	604
Provision for income taxes	236			18		(17		)	237
Net income attributable to common stockholders	374			26		(33		)	367
Total assets	16,020			545		1,406			17,971

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New Accounting Standards (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Abstract]

New Accounting Standards

New Accounting Standards

The Company adopted the following accounting standard on January 1, 2017:

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Application	Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements (or Other Significant Matters)
Simplification of Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting	Simplified accounting and disclosure requirements for share-based payment awards. The updated guidance addresses simplification in areas such as: (i) the recognition of excess tax benefits and deficiencies; (ii) the classification of excess tax benefits and taxes paid on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (iii) election of an accounting policy for forfeitures; and (iv) the amount an employer can withhold to cover income taxes and still qualify for equity classification.	January 1, 2017	Modified retrospective for the recognition of excess tax benefits and deficiencies; full retrospective for the classification of excess tax benefits and taxes paid on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	The cumulative effect of adoption increased retained earnings by $21, with an offsetting decrease to deferred income taxes, net. Adoption also increased cash flows from operating activities and decreased cash flows from financing activities by $17 and $20 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The following recently issued accounting standards are not yet required to be adopted by the Company as of September 30, 2017:

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Permitted Application	Estimated Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements (or Other Significant Matters)
Revenue from Contracts with Customers	Changes the criteria for recognizing revenue from a contract with a customer. Replaces existing guidance on revenue recognition, including most industry specific guidance. The objective is to provide a single, comprehensive revenue recognition model for all contracts with customers to improve comparability within industries, across industries and across capital markets. The underlying principle is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods and services to customers at an amount the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance also requires a number of disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Full or modified retrospective	The Company has substantially completed its evaluation and does not expect a material change. The Company continues to monitor for new interpretative guidance, which could impact the current evaluation. The Company plans to adopt using the modified retrospective method.
Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments on the Statement of Cash Flows	Provides guidance on the presentation and classification in the statement of cash flows for the following cash receipts and payments: (i) debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; (ii) settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing; (iii) contingent consideration payments made after a business combination; (iv) proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims; (v) proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies; (vi) distributions received from equity method investees; (vii) beneficial interests in securitization transactions and (viii) separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Retrospective	The Company will reclassify a $34 make-whole premium payment from operating activities to financing activities on its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows upon adoption. See Note 6: Long-Term Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding this make-whole premium payment.
Presentation of Changes in Restricted Cash on the Statement of Cash Flows	Updates the accounting and disclosure guidance for the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statements of cash flows. The amended guidance requires that the statements of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and amounts described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents will now be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statements of cash flows.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Retrospective	The Company does not anticipate significant impacts on its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Clarifying the Definition of a Business	Updates the accounting guidance to clarify the definition of a business with the objective of assisting entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions, or disposals, of assets or businesses.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Prospective	The update could result in more acquisitions being accounted for as asset acquisitions. The effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements will be dependent on the acquisitions that close subsequent to adoption.
Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets	Updated the guidance to clarify the accounting for gains and losses resulting from the derecognition of nonfinancial assets and partial sale of nonfinancial assets. The guidance also clarifies the definition of an in-substance nonfinancial asset.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Full or modified retrospective	The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. The Company plans to adopt using the modified retrospective method.
Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost	Updated authoritative guidance requires the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost to be presented in the same income statement line item(s) as other employee compensation costs arising from services rendered during the period. The remaining components of net periodic benefit cost are required to be presented separately from the service cost component in an income statement line item outside of operating income. Also, the guidance only allows for the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization. The updated guidance does not impact the accounting for net periodic benefit costs as regulatory assets or liabilities.	January 1, 2018; early adoption permitted	Retrospective for the presentation of net periodic benefit cost components in the income statement; prospective for the capitalization of net periodic benefit costs components in total assets	The Company will reclassify net periodic benefit cost components, other than the service cost component, to other, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company will continue to capitalize and will record net periodic benefit costs probable of recovery from customers as a regulatory asset or liability, other than the service cost components.
Accounting for Leases	Updated the accounting and disclosure guidance for leasing arrangements. Under this guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize the following for all leases, excluding short-term leases, at the commencement date: (i) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (ii) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged.	January 1, 2019; early adoption permitted	Modified retrospective	The Company is evaluating the effect on its consolidated financial statements.

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Permitted Application	Estimated Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements (or Other Significant Matters)
Accounting for Hedging Activities	Updated the accounting and disclosure guidance for hedging activities, which allows for more financial and nonfinancial hedging strategies to be eligible for hedge accounting. Under this guidance, a qualitative effectiveness assessment is permitted for certain hedges if an entity can reasonably support an expectation of high effectiveness throughout the term of the hedge, provided that an initial quantitative test establishes that the hedge relationship is highly effective. Also, for cash flow hedges determined to be highly effective, all changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument will be recorded in other comprehensive income with a subsequent reclassification to earnings when the hedged item impacts earnings.	January 1, 2019; early adoption permitted	Modified retrospective for adjustments related to the measurement of ineffectiveness for cash flow hedges; prospective for the updated presentation and disclosure requirements	The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements based on the hedges held as of the balance sheet date. The Company is evaluating the timing of adoption.
Simplification of Goodwill Impairment Testing	Updated authoritative guidance which simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Under the amendments in the update, an entity should perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary.	January 1, 2020; early adoption permitted	Prospective	The Company is evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements, as well as the timing of adoption.
Measurement of Credit Losses	Updated the accounting guidance on reporting credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost basis and available-for-sale debt securities. Under this guidance, expected credit losses are required to be measured based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount of financial assets. Also, this guidance requires that credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities be presented as an allowance rather than as a direct write-down.	January 1, 2020; early adoption permitted	Modified retrospective	The Company is evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements, as well as the timing of adoption.

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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table presents changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively:

	Defined Benefit Plans							Foreign Currency Translation			Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
	Employee Benefit Plan Funded Status			Amortization of Prior Service Cost		Amortization of Actuarial Loss
Beginning balance as of December 31, 2016	$	(147	)	$	1	$	42	$	2		$	16		$	(86	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	—			—		—		(1		)	(5		)	(6		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—			—		5		—			—			5
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	—			—		5		(1		)	(5		)	(1		)
Ending balance as of September 30, 2017	$	(147	)	$	1	$	47	$	1		$	11		$	(87	)
Beginning balance as of December 31, 2015	$	(126	)	$	1	$	36	$	2		$	(1	)	$	(88	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	—			—		—		—			(15		)	(15		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—			—		4		—			—			4
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	—			—		4		—			(15		)	(11		)
Ending balance as of September 30, 2016	$	(126	)	$	1	$	40	$	2		$	(16	)	$	(99	)

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Long-Term Debt (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt Issued

The following long-term debt was issued during the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

Company	Type	Rate	Maturity	Amount
American Water Capital Corp. (a)	Senior Notes	2.95%-3.75%	2027-2047	$	1,350
Other American Water subsidiaries	Private activity bonds and government funded debt—fixed rate	0.00%-3.92%	2020-2036	21
Other American Water subsidiaries	Term Loan	4.48%-4.98%	2021	11
Total issuances				$	1,382

(a) American Water Capital Corp. (“AWCC”), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, has a support agreement with the Company that, under certain circumstances, is the functional equivalent of a parent company guarantee. This indebtedness is considered “debt” for purposes of this support agreement.

Long-Term Debt Retired Through Sinking Fund Provisions, Optional Redemptions or Payments at Maturities

The following long-term debt was retired through sinking fund provisions, optional redemptions or payment at maturity during the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

Company	Type	Rate	Maturity	Amount
American Water Capital Corp.	Senior Notes	5.62%-5.77%	2018-2021	$	319
American Water Capital Corp.	Private activity bonds and government funded debt—fixed rate	1.79%-2.90%	2021-2031	1
Other American Water subsidiaries	Private activity bonds and government funded debt—fixed rate	0.00%-5.38%	2017-2041	12
Other American Water subsidiaries	Term Loan	4.48%-4.98%	2021	1
Other American Water subsidiaries	Mandatorily redeemable preferred stock	8.49%	2036	1
Total retirements and redemptions				$	334

Gross Fair Value Derivative Asset and Liabilities

The following table provides a summary of the gross fair value for the Company’s derivative asset and liabilities, as well as the location of the asset and liability balances in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:

Derivative Instruments	Derivative Designation	Balance Sheet Classification	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Asset Derivative
Forward starting swaps	Cash flow hedge	Other current assets	$	—	$	27
Interest rate swap	Fair value hedge	Other current assets	—		1
Liability Derivative
Interest rate swap	Fair value hedge	Current portion of long-term debt	$	—	$	1
Forward starting swaps	Cash flow hedge	Other long-term liabilities	2		—

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Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Components of Net Periodic Benefit Costs

The following table provides the components of net periodic benefit costs:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Components of net periodic pension benefit cost
Service cost	$	8		$	8		$	25		$	24
Interest cost	20			20			60			60
Expected return on plan assets	(23		)	(24		)	(70		)	(72		)
Amortization of actuarial loss	9			7			27			21
Net periodic pension benefit cost	$	14		$	11		$	42		$	33
Components of net periodic other postretirement benefit cost
Service cost	$	3		$	3		$	8		$	9
Interest cost	7			7			20			22
Expected return on plan assets	(7		)	(7		)	(20		)	(20		)
Amortization of prior service credit	(5		)	(3		)	(14		)	(4		)
Amortization of actuarial loss	3			1			8			3
Net periodic other postretirement benefit cost	$	1		$	1		$	2		$	10

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Earnings Per Common Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Numerator and Denominator for Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for basic and diluted earnings per share calculations:

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017		2016		2017		2016
Numerator
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	203	$	148	$	427	$	367
Denominator
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—Basic	178		178		178		178
Effect of dilutive common stock equivalents	1		—		1		1
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—Diluted	179		178		179		179

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Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Carrying Amounts and Fair Values of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts, including fair value adjustments previously recognized in acquisition purchase accounting and a fair value adjustment related to the Company’s interest rate swap fair value hedge (which is classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy), and fair values of the financial instruments were as follows:

	Carrying Amount		At Fair Value as of September 30, 2017
			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	$	11	$	—	$	—	$	15	$	15
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations)	7,357		5,375		990		1,867		8,232
	Carrying Amount		At Fair Value as of December 31, 2016
			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	$	12	$	—	$	—	$	15	$	15
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations)	6,320		3,876		1,363		1,805		7,044

Fair Value Measurements of Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis

The following table presents assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis and their level in the fair value hierarchy:

	At Fair Value as of September 30, 2017
	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Total
Assets:
Restricted funds	$	29	$	—		$	—	$	29
Rabbi trust investments	14		—			—		14
Deposits	4		—			—		4
Other investments	4		—			—		4
Total assets	51		—			—		51
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation obligations	16		—			—		16
Mark-to-market derivative liabilities	—		2			—		2
Total liabilities	16		2			—		18
Total net assets (liabilities)	$	35	$	(2	)	$	—	$	33

	At Fair Value as of December 31, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Restricted funds	$	24	$	—	$	—	$	24
Rabbi trust investments	12		—		—		12
Deposits	3		—		—		3
Mark-to-market derivative assets	—		28		—		28
Other investments	1		—		—		1
Total assets	40		28		—		68
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation obligations	13		—		—		13
Total liabilities	13		—		—		13
Total net assets (liabilities)	$	27	$	28	$	—	$	55

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Segment Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Summarized Segment Information

The following tables include the Company’s summarized segment information:

	As of or for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	842		$	100	$	(6	)	$	936
Depreciation and amortization	121			5		2			128
Total operating expenses, net	433			80		(7		)	506
Interest, net	(67		)	1		(23		)	(89		)
Income before income taxes	347			21		(28		)	340
Provision for income taxes	135			7		(5		)	137
Net income attributable to common stockholders	212			14		(23		)	203
Total assets	17,390			600		1,371			19,361

	As of or for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	826		$	109	$	(5	)	$	930
Depreciation and amortization	111			4		4			119
Total operating expenses, net	521			98		(8		)	611
Interest, net	(64		)	—		(17		)	(81		)
Income before income taxes	246			12		(15		)	243
Provision for income taxes	94			5		(4		)	95
Net income attributable to common stockholders	152			7		(11		)	148
Total assets	16,020			545		1,406			17,971

	As of or for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	2,247		$	306	$	(17	)	$	2,536
Depreciation and amortization	357			13		8			378
Total operating expenses, net	1,327			263		(19		)	1,571
Interest, net	(200		)	2		(61		)	(259		)
Income before income taxes	731			46		(66		)	711
Provision for income taxes	285			17		(18		)	284
Net income attributable to common stockholders	446			29		(48		)	427
Total assets	17,390			600		1,371			19,361

	As of or for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Regulated Businesses			Market-Based Businesses		Other			Consolidated
Operating revenues	$	2,176		$	338	$	(14	)	$	2,500
Depreciation and amortization	328			11		11			350
Total operating expenses, net	1,385			300		(17		)	1,668
Interest, net	(191		)	1		(52		)	(242		)
Income before income taxes	610			44		(50		)	604
Provision for income taxes	236			18		(17		)	237
Net income attributable to common stockholders	374			26		(33		)	367
Total assets	16,020			545		1,406			17,971

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New Accounting Standards - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Increase (decrease) in cash flows from operating activities	$ 986	$ 945
Increase (decrease) in cash flows from financing activities	53	70
Accounting Standards Update 2016-09
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative effect to increase retained earnings on simplification of employee Share-based payment accounting	21
Offsetting decrease to deferred income taxes, net	(21)
Increase (decrease) in cash flows from operating activities	17	20
Increase (decrease) in cash flows from financing activities	(17)	$ (20)
Accounting Standards Update 2016-15 | Pro Forma
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Increase (decrease) in cash flows from operating activities	(34)
Increase (decrease) in cash flows from financing activities	$ 34

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Acquisitions - Additional Information (Details) shares in Millions, $ in Millions		3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 03, 2017 USD ($) shares	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($) Investment	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill			$ 1,373	$ 1,345
McKeesport Wastewater System
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Purchase price		$ 159
Regulated Water And Wastewater Systems
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business acquisition, number of companies acquired | Investment			14
Purchase price			$ 43
Regulated Water And Wastewater Systems | Shorelands Water Company, Inc.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Purchase price	$ 33
Purchase price allocation, assets acquired	40
Purchase price allocation, liabilities assumed	23
Contributions in aid of construction	10
Debt related to purchase price allocation	7
Goodwill	$ 28
Bargain purchase gain recognized			$ 2
Regulated Water And Wastewater Systems | Shorelands Water Company, Inc. | Common Stock
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Purchase price of common stock paid | shares	0.4
Regulated Water And Wastewater Systems | McKeesport Wastewater System
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Non-escrowed deposit		$ 2

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Stockholders' Equity - Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	$ 5,218	$ 5,049
Ending Balance	5,518	5,238
Employee Benefit Plan Funded Status
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	(147)	(126)
Ending Balance	(147)	(126)
Amortization of Prior Service Cost
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	1	1
Ending Balance	1	1
Amortization of Actuarial Loss
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	42	36
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	5	4
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	5	4
Ending Balance	47	40
Foreign Currency Translation
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	2	2
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(1)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	(1)
Ending Balance	1	2
Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	16	(1)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(5)	(15)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	(5)	(15)
Ending Balance	11	(16)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	(86)	(88)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(6)	(15)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	5	4
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	(1)	(11)
Ending Balance	$ (87)	$ (99)

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Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Equity [Abstract]
Shares of common stock repurchased (in shares)	0.7
Aggregate cost of shares repurchased	$ 54	$ 65
Share of common stock available for repurchase (in shares)	6.1

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Stock Based Compensation - Additional Information (Details) - shares	Sep. 30, 2017	May 12, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock, shares issued (per share)	182,437,980		181,798,555
2017 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock, shares issued (per share)		7,200,000.0

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Long-Term Debt - Issued (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total issuances	$ 1,382	$ 2
Other American Water subsidiaries | Private activity bonds and government funded debt | Fixed rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total issuances	$ 21
Other American Water subsidiaries | Private activity bonds and government funded debt | Minimum | Fixed rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	0.00%
Maturity Date	2020
Other American Water subsidiaries | Private activity bonds and government funded debt | Maximum | Fixed rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	3.92%
Maturity Date	2036
Other American Water subsidiaries | Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maturity Date	2021
Total issuances	$ 11
Other American Water subsidiaries | Term Loan | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	4.48%
Other American Water subsidiaries | Term Loan | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	4.98%
American Water Capital Corp. | Other American Water subsidiaries | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total issuances	$ 1,350
American Water Capital Corp. | Other American Water subsidiaries | Senior Notes | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	2.95%
Maturity Date	2027
American Water Capital Corp. | Other American Water subsidiaries | Senior Notes | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	3.75%
Maturity Date	2047

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Long-Term Debt - Retired Through Sinking Fund Provisions, Optional Redemptions or Payments at Maturities (Details) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Other American Water subsidiaries | Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maturity Date	2021
Minimum | Other American Water subsidiaries | Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	4.48%
Minimum | Other American Water subsidiaries | American Water Capital Corp. | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	2.95%
Maturity Date	2027
Maximum | Other American Water subsidiaries | Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	4.98%
Maximum | Other American Water subsidiaries | American Water Capital Corp. | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	3.75%
Maturity Date	2047
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total retirements and redemptions	$ 334
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Other American Water subsidiaries | Mandatorily redeemable preferred stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	8.49%
Maturity Date	2036
Total retirements and redemptions	$ 1
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Other American Water subsidiaries | Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maturity Date	2021
Total retirements and redemptions	$ 1
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Other American Water subsidiaries | American Water Capital Corp. | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total retirements and redemptions	$ 319
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Minimum | Other American Water subsidiaries | Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	4.48%
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Minimum | Other American Water subsidiaries | American Water Capital Corp. | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	5.62%
Maturity Date	2018
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Maximum | Other American Water subsidiaries | Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	4.98%
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Maximum | Other American Water subsidiaries | American Water Capital Corp. | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	5.77%
Maturity Date	2021
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Fixed rate two | Other American Water subsidiaries | American Water Capital Corp. | Private activity bonds and government funded debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total retirements and redemptions	$ 1
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Fixed rate two | Minimum | Other American Water subsidiaries | American Water Capital Corp. | Private activity bonds and government funded debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	1.79%
Maturity Date	2021
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Fixed rate two | Maximum | Other American Water subsidiaries | American Water Capital Corp. | Private activity bonds and government funded debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	2.90%
Maturity Date	2031
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Fixed rate three | Other American Water subsidiaries | Private activity bonds and government funded debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total retirements and redemptions	$ 12
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Fixed rate three | Minimum | Other American Water subsidiaries | Private activity bonds and government funded debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	0.00%
Maturity Date	2017
Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member] | Fixed rate three | Maximum | Other American Water subsidiaries | Private activity bonds and government funded debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	5.38%
Maturity Date	2041

XML

Long-Term Debt - Additional Information (Details)			3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Aug. 10, 2017 USD ($)	Aug. 07, 2017 USD ($) Agreement	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Feb. 08, 2017 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Loss on early extinguishment of debt			$ 6,000,000	$ 0	$ 6,000,000	$ 0
Amortization period for forward swap with interest		30 years
Fair value hedge ineffectiveness			$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate			3.422%		3.422%
Forward Starting Swap Agreements
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of forward starting swap agreements | Agreement		4
Derivate instrument notional amount		$ 300,000,000
Proceeds received from terminated forward swaps		$ 19,000,000
Derivative average fixed interest rate							2.67%
Derivative termination month and year			2018-11
Interest rate swap
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Derivative description of variable rate basis					six-month LIBOR plus 3.422
5.62% Series C Senior Note 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument maturity month and year			2018-12
American Water Capital Corp.
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	$ 1,333,000,000
Early repayment of senior debt			$ 34,000,000
Loss on early extinguishment of debt			6,000,000
American Water Capital Corp. | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount	1,350,000,000
American Water Capital Corp. | 2.95% Senior Note 2027 | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount	$ 600,000,000
Interest Rate	2.95%
American Water Capital Corp. | 3.75% Senior Note 2047 | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount	$ 750,000,000
Interest Rate	3.75%
American Water Capital Corp. | 5.62% Series C Senior Note 2018 | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	5.62%
Repayments of debt	$ 138,000,000
American Water Capital Corp. | 5.77% Series D Senior Note 2021 | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	5.77%
Repayments of debt	$ 181,000,000
American Water Capital Corp. | 6.085% Senior Note 2017 | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	6.085%
Repayments of debt	$ 524,000,000
American Water Capital Corp. | 7.08% Mortgage Bonds
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	7.08%
Repayments of debt	$ 33,000,000
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Forward Starting Swap Agreements
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Derivate instrument notional amount							$ 100,000,000
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Interest rate swap
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Derivate instrument notional amount			100,000,000		$ 100,000,000
Interest Costs | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Interest rate swap
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Derivate instrument notional amount			$ 6,000,000		$ 6,000,000

XML

Long-Term Debt - Summary of Gross Fair Value Derivative Asset and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Cash flow hedge | Forward starting swaps | Other current assets
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative assets	$ 0	$ 27
Cash flow hedge | Forward starting swaps | Other long-term assets
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative liabilities	2	0
Fair value hedge | Interest rate swap | Other current assets
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0	1
Fair value hedge | Interest rate swap | Current portion of Long-term debt
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative liabilities	$ 0	$ 1

XML

Income Taxes - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions			3 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
	Jul. 01, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Income Tax [Line Items]
Effective income tax rate			40.30%		39.10%	39.90%	39.20%
State of New York
Income Tax [Line Items]
Increase in unitary deferred tax liability				$ 11
State of New York | New York Subsidiary
Income Tax [Line Items]
Increase in unitary deferred tax liability				7
State of New York | New York Subsidiary | Non-Cash Cumulative Change to Earnings
Income Tax [Line Items]
One-time, non-cash cumulative charge to the provision for income taxes (tax benefit)				$ 4
State Income Tax
Income Tax [Line Items]
Increase in unitary deferred tax liability			$ 7
State Income Tax | Illinois Subsidiary
Income Tax [Line Items]
Increase in unitary deferred tax liability			4
Change in enacted tax rate	9.50%	7.75%
State Income Tax | Illinois Subsidiary | Non-Cash Cumulative Change to Earnings
Income Tax [Line Items]
One-time, non-cash cumulative charge to the provision for income taxes (tax benefit)			$ 3

XML

Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits - Schedule of Net Periodic Benefit Cost Components (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Pension Plan Asset
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	$ 8	$ 8	$ 25	$ 24
Interest cost	20	20	60	60
Expected return on plan assets	(23)	(24)	(70)	(72)
Amortization of actuarial loss	9	7	27	21
Net periodic pension benefit cost	14	11	42	33
Other Postretirement Benefit Cost
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	3	3	8	9
Interest cost	7	7	20	22
Expected return on plan assets	(7)	(7)	(20)	(20)
Amortization of prior service credit	(5)	(3)	(14)	(4)
Amortization of actuarial loss	3	1	8	3
Net periodic pension benefit cost	$ 1	$ 1	$ 2	$ 10

XML

Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Pension Plan Asset
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Company contributions	$ 11	$ 8	$ 31	$ 25
Expected contributions during the remainder of 2017	9		9
Other Postretirement Benefit Cost
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Company contributions	2	$ 6	5	$ 17
Expected contributions during the remainder of 2017	$ 1		$ 1

XML

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details) CustomerAccount in Thousands, Customer in Thousands					1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 21, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 19, 2017 USD ($)	Apr. 27, 2017 USD ($)	Feb. 24, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($) CustomerAccount Claim	Apr. 14, 2017 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2015 Customer	Jun. 27, 2015	Jun. 26, 2015	Jun. 23, 2015 Customer	Dec. 31, 2014 Claim
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss contingency, probable loss							$ 139,000,000
Number of customer accounts | CustomerAccount							93
Loss contingency, number of pending claims | Claim							74
Estimated increase in percentage of leakage volume							10.00%
WVAWC | Dunbar
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Number of customers impacted due to failure of main that caused water outages and low pressure | Customer												25
Percentage of impacted customers to which service was restored										20.00%	80.00%
Number of customers for whom system was reconfigured to maintain service while a final repair was completed | Customer									3
Cal Am | California Public Utilities Commission
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Amount recovery under residential rate design					$ 32,000,000
New residential rate collection periods					5 years
Description of new residential rate design							In December 2016, the California Public Utilities Commission (the “CPUC”) issued a final decision in a proceeding involving California-American Water Company, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary (“Cal Am”), adopting a new residential rate design for Cal Am’s Monterey District. The decision allowed for recovery by Cal Am of $32 in under-collections in the water revenue adjustment mechanism/modified cost balancing account (“WRAM/MCBA”) over a five-year period, plus interest, and modified existing conservation and rationing plans.
Federal Action
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss contingency, number of pending claims | Claim													4
Binding Agreement
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Pre-tax amount of settlement	$ 126,000,000						$ 126,000,000
Insurance coverage	50,000,000
Loss contingency preliminary terms of settlement							The proposed Settlement would establish a two-tier settlement fund for the payment of claims, comprised of (i) a simple claim fund, which is also referred to as the “guaranteed fund,” of $76, of which $29 will be contributed by WVAWC, including insurance deductibles, and $47 would be contributed by two of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers, and (ii) an individual review claim fund of up to $50, of which up to $14 would be contributed by WVAWC and up to $36 would be contributed by a number of the Company’s general liability insurance carriers. Separately, up to $25 would be contributed to the guaranteed fund by another defendant to the Settlement.
Settlement guarantee fund contribution							$ 76,000,000
Claims-based payment fund contribution							50,000,000
Binding Agreement | Insurance Carrier One
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Settlement guarantee fund contribution							47,000,000
Binding Agreement | Other Defendants
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Settlement guarantee fund contribution							25,000,000
Binding Agreement | WVAWC
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Pre-tax amount of settlement	$ 43,000,000		$ 65,000,000			$ 65,000,000
After-tax amount of settlement			$ 26,000,000			$ 39,000,000
Settlement guarantee fund contribution							29,000,000
Claims-based payment fund contribution							14,000,000
Payment of settlement, after tax		$ 13,000,000
Direct response costs							$ 4,000,000
Case Against Insurance Carrier | WVAWC
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Amount awarded from other party		22,000,000
Damages sought, value		$ 25,000,000
California Public Utilities Commission Residential Rate Design Proceeding
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Penalties for continuing violation							During hearings held on April 13-14, 2017, the administrative law judge clarified that this potential penalty range is $3 to $179 (calculated as a continuing violation dating back to 2000 and applying penalties of up to $20 thousand per day until January 1, 2012 and penalties of up to $50 thousand per day thereafter, reflecting a 2012 change to the relevant statute).
California Public Utilities Commission Residential Rate Design Proceeding | Cal Am
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Waiver of cost recovery for residential customers				$ 500,000
Missouri-American Water Company
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Decision for ISRS funds dispute							On March 14, 2017, in a unanimous decision, the Missouri Supreme Court dismissed the case as moot, finding that there were no longer any ISRS funds in dispute because MAWC had completed a rate case during the appellate process and the disputed charges were now incorporated in base rates.
Maximum
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss contingency, possible loss							$ 27,000,000
Maximum | Binding Agreement | General Liability Insurance Carriers
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Claims-based payment fund contribution							36,000,000
Maximum | Binding Agreement | WVAWC | Other Defendants
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Settlement guarantee fund contribution							$ 50,000,000
Maximum | California Public Utilities Commission Residential Rate Design Proceeding
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss contingency, possible loss								$ 179,000,000
Amount per day of potential penalties until January 1, 2012								20,000
Amount per day of potential penalties thereafter								50,000
Minimum | California Public Utilities Commission Residential Rate Design Proceeding
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss contingency, possible loss								$ 3,000,000

XML

Earnings Per Common Share Earnings Per Share - Reconciliation of Numerator and Denominator for Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$ 203	$ 148	$ 427	$ 367
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Basic (per share)	178	178	178	178
Effect of dilutive common stock equivalents (per shares)	1	0	1	1
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Diluted (per share)	179	178	179	179

XML

Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities - Carrying Amounts and Fair Values of Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	$ 15	$ 15
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations), fair value	8,232	7,044
Fair Value | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	0	0
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations), fair value	5,375	3,876
Fair Value | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	0	0
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations), fair value	990	1,363
Fair Value | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	15	15
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations), fair value	1,867	1,805
Carrying Amount
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Preferred stock with mandatory redemption requirements	11	12
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations), carrying amount	$ 7,357	$ 6,320

XML

Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities - Measurements of Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Assets:
Restricted funds	$ 29	$ 24
Rabbi trust investments	14	12
Deposits	4	3
Mark-to-market derivative assets		28
Other investments	4	1
Total assets	51	68
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation obligations	16	13
Mark-to-market derivative liabilities	2
Total liabilities	18	13
Total net assets (liabilities)	33	55
Level 1
Assets:
Restricted funds	29	24
Rabbi trust investments	14	12
Deposits	4	3
Mark-to-market derivative assets		0
Other investments	4	1
Total assets	51	40
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation obligations	16	13
Mark-to-market derivative liabilities	0
Total liabilities	16	13
Total net assets (liabilities)	35	27
Level 2
Assets:
Restricted funds	0	0
Rabbi trust investments	0	0
Deposits	0	0
Mark-to-market derivative assets		28
Other investments	0	0
Total assets	0	28
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation obligations	0	0
Mark-to-market derivative liabilities	2
Total liabilities	2	0
Total net assets (liabilities)	(2)	28
Level 3
Assets:
Restricted funds	0	0
Rabbi trust investments	0	0
Deposits	0	0
Mark-to-market derivative assets		0
Other investments	0	0
Total assets	0	0
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation obligations	0	0
Mark-to-market derivative liabilities	0
Total liabilities	0	0
Total net assets (liabilities)	$ 0	$ 0

XML

Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Long term restricted funds	$ 1	$ 4

XML

Segment Information - Additional Information (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017 Segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments	1
Number of operating segments	4

XML

Segment Information - Summarized Segment Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	$ 936	$ 930	$ 2,536	$ 2,500
Depreciation and amortization	128	119	378	350
Total operating expenses, net	506	611	1,571	1,668
Interest, net	(89)	(81)	(259)	(242)
Income before income taxes	340	243	711	604
Provision for income taxes	137	95	284	237
Net income attributable to common stockholders	203	148	427	367
Total assets	19,361	17,971	19,361	17,971	$ 18,482
Operating Segments | Regulated Businesses
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	842	826	2,247	2,176
Depreciation and amortization	121	111	357	328
Total operating expenses, net	433	521	1,327	1,385
Interest, net	(67)	(64)	(200)	(191)
Income before income taxes	347	246	731	610
Provision for income taxes	135	94	285	236
Net income attributable to common stockholders	212	152	446	374
Total assets	17,390	16,020	17,390	16,020
Operating Segments | Market-Based Businesses
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	100	109	306	338
Depreciation and amortization	5	4	13	11
Total operating expenses, net	80	98	263	300
Interest, net	1	0	2	1
Income before income taxes	21	12	46	44
Provision for income taxes	7	5	17	18
Net income attributable to common stockholders	14	7	29	26
Total assets	600	545	600	545
Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	(6)	(5)	(17)	(14)
Depreciation and amortization	2	4	8	11
Total operating expenses, net	(7)	(8)	(19)	(17)
Interest, net	(23)	(17)	(61)	(52)
Income before income taxes	(28)	(15)	(66)	(50)
Provision for income taxes	(5)	(4)	(18)	(17)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	(23)	(11)	(48)	(33)
Total assets	$ 1,371	$ 1,406	$ 1,371	$ 1,406