485APOS 1 advisorshares_485apos.htm 485APOS

 

File Nos. 333-157876 and 811-22110

 

 

U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM N-1A

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 ☒

 

Pre-Effective Amendment No.

 

Post-Effective Amendment No. 222 ☒

 

and

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

 

Amendment No. 224 ☒

 

AdvisorShares Trust

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, including Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: (877) 843-3831

 

Name and Address of Agent for Service:   Copy to:

Noah Hamman

AdvisorShares Trust

4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

 

W. John McGuire, Esq.

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP

1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20004

 

It is proposed that this filing will become effective:

  immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 485
  on (date) pursuant to paragraph (b)(1)(v) of Rule 485
  60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) of Rule 485
  on November 1, 2022 pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) of Rule 485
  75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485
  on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of rule 485

 

If appropriate, check the following box:

  this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NYSE Arca Ticker: SURE

 

Managed by:

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC

 

ADVISORSHARES TRUST

4800 Montgomery Lane ● Suite 150

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

www.advisorshares.com

877.843.3831

 

Prospectus dated November 1, 2022

 

This Prospectus provides important information about the AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF, a series of AdvisorShares Trust. Before you invest, please read this Prospectus and the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information carefully and keep them for future reference.

 

The shares of the Fund have not been approved or disapproved by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor has the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

FUND SUMMARY   1
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE   1
FUND FEES AND EXPENSES   1
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER   2
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES   2
PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND   2
FUND PERFORMANCE   3
MANAGEMENT   5
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES   5
TAX INFORMATION   5
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES   5
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRUST AND THE FUND   6
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE   6
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES   6
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND   6
OTHER INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES   8
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS   8
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND   8
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION   10
DISTRIBUTION PLAN   11
ADDITIONAL TAX INFORMATION   11
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS   14
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION   16

 

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ADVISORSHARES INSIDER ADVANTAGE ETF

NYSE Arca Ticker: SURE

 

FUND SUMMARY

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

 

The AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to generate long-term capital appreciation.

 

FUND FEES AND EXPENSES

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table below.

 

SHAREHOLDER FEES (fees paid directly from your investment)     None  
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)        
MANAGEMENT FEES     0.70 %
DISTRIBUTION (12b-1) FEES     0.00 %
OTHER EXPENSES     [   ] %
TOTAL ANNUAL OPERATING EXPENSES     [   ] %
FEE WAIVER/EXPENSE REIMBURSEMENT*     [   ] %
TOTAL ANNUAL OPERATING EXPENSES AFTER FEE WAIVER/EXPENSE REIMBURSEMENT     [   ] %

 

* AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (the “Advisor”) has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses to keep net expenses (excluding amounts payable pursuant to any plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1, interest expense, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and extraordinary expenses) from exceeding 0.90% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for at least one year from the date of this Prospectus. The expense limitation agreement may be terminated without payment of any penalty (i) by the Trust for any reason and at any time and (ii) by the Advisor, for any reason, upon ninety (90) days’ prior written notice to the Trust, such termination to be effective as of the close of business on the last day of the then-current one-year period. If it becomes unnecessary for the Advisor to waive fees or reimburse expenses, the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) may permit the Advisor to retain the difference between the Fund’s total annual operating expenses and the expense limitation currently in effect, or, if lower, the expense limitation that was in effect at the time of the waiver and/or reimbursement, to recapture all or a portion of its prior fee waivers or expense reimbursements within three years of the date they were waived or reimbursed.

 

EXAMPLE

 

This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the shares of the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This Example does not take into account brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries that you may pay when purchasing or selling shares of the Fund. If these fees were included, your costs would be higher.

 

The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

    1 YEAR   3 YEARS   5 YEARS   10 YEARS
AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF   $[  ]   $[  ]   $[  ]   $[  ]

 

1

 

 

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Total Annual Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. This rate excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s shares. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was [ ]% of the average value of its portfolio.

 

PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

The Fund is an actively-managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by primarily investing in a portfolio of U.S. traded companies selected from a universe of the largest 3,000 U.S. equity securities based on market capitalization.

 

The Fund’s investment focus follows a core philosophy that corporate insiders, such as a company’s executives, board members and/or controlling shareholders, know their company best. The Advisor believes that insider buying and stock buyback programs not only show that corporate insiders see relative value in investing in their own company’s equity securities, but also create favorable market conditions by reducing public equity float (i.e., the share supply available to investors on the public secondary market). The Advisor allocates the Fund’s portfolio using research from a disciplined and quantitative proprietary model, the U.S. Insiders Edge Model, developed by Qubed Capital, LLC. In utilizing the model, the Advisor seeks to remove emotion from day-to-day decision-making by following a systematic process.

 

The U.S. Insiders Edge Model utilizes a multi-factor approach to identify top-ranked companies on an equal-weighted basis. In constructing the model, individual securities are measured and ranked based on their public equity float, free cash flow, corporate financial leverage and dividend yield. Securities demonstrating a shrinking public equity float, rising free cash flow, falling financial leverage, and high dividend yield are ranked higher by the model, as the model is based on the philosophy that such factors often indicate positive insider sentiment. Stock selection for the Fund is strictly based on identifying the highest-ranked securities as measured by the model. Securities are removed from the portfolio when they are replaced with new securities based on the ranking process. The Fund’s portfolio is rebalanced monthly and may experience high turnover.

 

PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND

 

The Fund is subject to a number of risks, described below, that may affect the value of its shares, including the possible loss of money. As with any fund, there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

 

Equity Risk. The prices of equity securities rise and fall daily. These price movements may result from factors affecting individual issuers, industries or the stock market as a whole. In addition, equity markets tend to move in cycles which may cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of time.

 

ETF Market Risk. In stressed market conditions, the market for certain ETF shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the ETF’s underlying portfolio holdings. This adverse effect on liquidity for the ETF’s shares in turn can lead to differences between the market price of the ETF’s shares and the underlying value of those shares. In addition, there are a limited number of institutions that act as authorized participants. If these institutions exit the business or are, for any reason, unable to process creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund, or purchase and sell securities in connection with creation and/or redemption orders, as applicable, and no other authorized participant steps forward to create or redeem, or purchase or sell securities, as applicable, Fund shares may trade at a premium or discount to their net asset value (“NAV”) and possibly face operational issues such as trading halts and/or delisting. The absence of an active market in the Fund’s shares could lead to a heightened risk of differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those shares.

 

2

 

 

Large-Capitalization Company Risk. Large-cap securities tend to go in and out of favor based on market and economic conditions. During a period when the demand for large-cap securities is less than for other types of investments — small-cap securities, for instance — the Fund’s performance could be reduced.

 

Management Risk. The Advisor continuously evaluates the Fund’s holdings, purchases and sales with a view to achieving the Fund’s investment objective. However, achievement of the stated investment objective cannot be guaranteed. The Advisor’s judgment about the markets, the economy, or companies may not anticipate actual market movements, economic conditions or company performance, and these factors may affect the return on your investment.

 

Market Risk. Due to market conditions, the value of the Fund’s investments may fluctuate significantly from day to day. Price fluctuations may be temporary or may last for extended periods. This volatility may cause the value of your investment in the Fund to decrease. Local, regional, or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the market generally and on specific securities. The market value of a security may also decline because of factors that affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an industry. Because of its link to the markets, an investment in the Fund may be more suitable for long-term investors who can bear the risk of short-term principal fluctuations, which at times may be significant.

 

Mid-Capitalization Company Risk. Mid-size companies may be more volatile and more likely than large-cap companies to have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or depend on a few key employees. Returns on investments in stocks of mid-size companies could trail the returns on investments in stocks of larger or smaller companies.

 

Models and Data Risk. When models and data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon expose the Fund to potential risks. In addition, the use of predictive models has inherent risk. Because predictive models are usually constructed based on historical data supplied by third parties, the success of relying on such models may depend heavily on the accuracy and reliability of the supplied historical data.

 

Portfolio Turnover Risk. The Fund may experience relatively high portfolio turnover, which may result in increased transaction costs and performance that is lower than expected.

 

Small- and Micro-Capitalization Company Risk. Security prices of small-cap companies may be more volatile than those of larger companies and therefore the Fund’s share price may be more volatile than those of funds that invest a larger percentage of their assets in securities issued by larger-cap companies. These risks are even greater for micro-cap companies.

 

Trading Risk. Shares of the Fund may trade above or below their NAV. The trading price of the Fund’s shares may deviate significantly from their NAV during periods of market volatility and, in such instances, you may pay significantly more or receive significantly less than the underlying value of the Fund’s shares. There can be no assurance that an active trading market for the Fund’s shares will develop or be maintained. In addition, trading in shares of the Fund may be halted because of market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”), make trading in shares inadvisable.

 

FUND PERFORMANCE

 

The bar chart and table that follow show how the Fund has performed on a calendar year basis and provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The table also shows how the Fund’s performance compares to the Russell 1000® Value Index Total Return and Russell 3000® Index Total Return. The Russell 1000® Value Index Total Return measures the performance of large- and mid-capitalization value sectors of the U.S. equity market as defined by FTSE Russell and the Russell 3000® Index Total Return measures the performance of the broad U.S. equity market, as defined by FTSE Russell. Both the bar chart and the table assume the reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. Past performance (before and after taxes) does not necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future.

 

Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com.

 

3

 

 

Calendar Year Total Returns [To Be Updated]

 

 

The Fund’s year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2022 was [ ]%.

 

Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)

    Return   Quarter/Year
Highest Return   [   ]%   [   ]
Lowest Return   [   ]%   [   ]

 

AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS FOR THE PERIODS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021

ADVISORSHARES INSIDER ADVANTAGE ETF   1 Year   5 Years   10 Years
Return Before Taxes Based on NAV   [   ]%   [   ]%   [   ]%
Return After Taxes on Distributions   [   ]%   [   ]%   [   ]%
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares   [   ]%   [   ]%   [   ]%
Russell 1000® Value Index Total Return (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)   [   ]%   [   ]%   [   ]%
Russell 3000® Index Total Return (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)   [   ]%   [   ]%   [   ]%

 

After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown and are not relevant if you hold your shares through tax-advantaged arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases, the return after taxes on distributions and sale of fund shares may exceed other average annual total returns due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of shares at the end of the measurement period.

 

4

 

 

MANAGEMENT

 

Name   Title
AdvisorShares Investments, LLC   Advisor

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGER

 

Name and Title   Length of Service with the Advisor
Dan S. Ahrens, Managing Director, Chief Operating Officer & Portfolio Manager   since November 2008

 

PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES

 

The Fund issues and redeems shares on a continuous basis at NAV only in a large specified number of shares called a “Creation Unit.” Only institutional investors that are acting as the Fund’s authorized participants (typically broker-dealers) may purchase or redeem Creation Units. A Creation Unit transaction generally is conducted in exchange for a basket of securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund along with a specified amount of cash.

 

Individual Fund shares may only be purchased and sold in secondary market transactions through brokers. The shares of the Fund are listed on the Exchange and, because shares trade at market price rather than at NAV, shares may trade at a value greater than (premium) or less than (discount) NAV. When buying or selling shares in the secondary market, you may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the Fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the Fund (ask) (the “bid-ask spread”). Recent information regarding the Fund’s NAV, market price, premiums and discounts, and bid-ask spreads will be available on the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com.

 

TAX INFORMATION

 

The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income, qualified dividend income or capital gains (or a combination thereof), unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account (“IRA”), which may be taxed upon withdrawal.

 

PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES

 

Investors purchasing shares in the secondary market through a brokerage account or with the assistance of a broker may be subject to brokerage commissions and charges. If you purchase Fund shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing broker-dealers or other intermediaries and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

5

 

 

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRUST AND THE FUND

 

AdvisorShares Trust (the “Trust”) is a Delaware statutory trust offering a number of professionally managed investment portfolios or funds.

 

Creation Units of the Fund are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for portfolio securities along with a specified cash payment.

 

EXCEPT WHEN AGGREGATED IN CREATION UNITS, SHARES OF THE FUND ARE NOT REDEEMABLE SECURITIES.

 

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

 

The Fund seeks to generate long-term capital appreciation. The Fund’s investment objective is non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board without a shareholder vote.

 

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

The Fund is an actively managed ETF and, thus, does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified passive index of securities. Instead, it uses an active investment strategy in seeking to meet its investment objective. The Advisor, subject to the oversight of the Board, has discretion on a daily basis to manage the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and investment policies.

 

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND

 

The Fund is subject to a number of risks that may affect the value of its shares. This section provides additional information about the Fund’s principal risks. The degree to which a risk applies to the Fund varies according to its investment allocation. Each investor should review the complete description of the principal risks before investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for certain investors. As with investing in other securities whose prices increase and decrease in market value, you may lose money by investing in the Fund. Any of the following risks may impact the Fund’s NAV, which could result in the Fund trading at a premium or discount to NAV.

 

Equity Risk. The prices of equity securities in which the Fund invests rise and fall daily. These price movements may result from factors affecting individual companies, industries or the securities market as a whole. Individual companies may report poor results or be negatively affected by industry and/or economic trends and developments. The prices of securities issued by such companies may decline in response. In addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of time.

 

ETF Market Risk. In stressed market conditions, the market for certain ETF shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the ETF’s underlying portfolio holdings. This adverse effect on liquidity for the ETF’s shares in turn can lead to a difference between the market price of the ETF’s shares and the underlying value of those shares. This difference can be reflected as a spread between the bid and ask prices quoted during the day or a premium or discount in the closing price from the Fund’s NAV.

 

Because the Fund’s shares trade in the secondary market, a broker may charge a commission to execute a transaction in shares and an investor may incur the cost of the spread between the price at which a dealer will buy shares (bid) and the somewhat higher price at which a dealer will sell shares (ask). In addition, not only are there a limited number of institutions that act as authorized participants, direct trading by authorized participants is critical to ensuring that the Fund’s shares trade at or close to NAV. However, market makers are not obligated to make a market in the Fund’s shares nor are authorized participants obligated to execute purchase or redemption orders for Creation Units and, in times of market stress, circumstances could develop that could cause them to refrain from these activities or reduce their role. The absence of an active market could lead to a heightened risk of differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those shares.

 

Large-Capitalization Company Risk. The large-cap segment of the market may underperform other segments of the equity market or the equity market as a whole. The underperformance of large-cap securities may cause the Fund’s performance to be less than expected.

 

6

 

 

Management Risk. The Advisor continuously evaluates the Fund’s holdings, purchases and sales with a view to achieving the Fund’s investment objective. However, achievement of the stated investment objective cannot be guaranteed. The Advisor’s judgment about the markets, the economy, or companies may not anticipate actual market movements, economic conditions or company performance, and these factors may affect the return on your investment. In fact, no matter how good a job the Advisor does, you could lose money on your investment in the Fund, just as you could with other investments. If the Advisor is incorrect in its assessment of the income, growth or price realization potential of the Fund’s holdings or incorrect in its assessment of general market or economic conditions, then the value of the Fund’s shares may decline.

 

Market Risk. Investments in securities, in general, are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions or changes in interest or currency rates, or particular countries, segments, economic sectors, industries or companies within those markets. Local, regional, or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the market generally and on specific securities. For example, since December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus has spread globally, which has resulted in the temporary closure of many corporate offices, retail stores, manufacturing facilities and factories, and other businesses across the world. As the extent of the impact on global markets from the coronavirus is difficult to predict, the extent to which the coronavirus may negatively affect the Fund’s performance or the duration of any potential business disruption is uncertain. Any potential impact on performance will depend to a large extent on future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of the coronavirus and the actions taken by authorities and other entities to contain the coronavirus or treat its impact.

 

Changes in market conditions and interest rates generally do not have the same impact on all types of securities and instruments. Fluctuations in the value of securities and financial instruments in which the Fund invests will cause the NAV of the Fund to fluctuate. Historically, the markets have moved in cycles, and the value of the Fund’s securities may fluctuate drastically from day to day. Because of its link to the markets, an investment in the Fund may be more suitable for long-term investors who can bear the risk of short-term principal fluctuations, which at times may be significant.

 

Mid-Capitalization Company Risk. Stock prices of mid-cap companies may be based in substantial part on future expectations rather than current achievements and may move sharply, especially during market upturns and downturns. Mid-cap companies themselves may be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic events than larger, more established companies. During a period when the performance of mid-cap stocks falls behind that of other types of investments, such as large-cap stocks, or the equity market as a whole, the Fund’s performance could be reduced.

 

Models and Data Risk. To the extent a model does not perform as designed or as intended, the Fund’s strategy may not be successfully implemented and a Fund may lose value. If the model or data are incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon may lead to the inclusion or exclusion of securities that would have been excluded or included had the model or data been correct and complete. The use of predictive models has inherent risks. For example, such models may incorrectly forecast future behavior, leading to potential losses. In addition, in unforeseen or certain low-probability scenarios (often involving a market disruption of some kind), such models may produce unexpected results, which can result in losses for the Fund. Furthermore, because predictive models are usually constructed based on historical data supplied by third parties, the success of relying on such models may depend heavily on the accuracy and reliability of the supplied historical data.

 

Portfolio Turnover Risk. Higher portfolio turnover may result in the Fund paying increased transaction costs and generating greater tax liabilities for shareholders. Portfolio turnover also may cause the Fund’s performance to be less than you expect.

 

Small- and Micro-Capitalization Company Risk. Security prices of small-cap companies may be more volatile than those of larger companies. Security prices of small-cap companies are generally more vulnerable than those of large-cap companies to adverse business and economic developments. The securities of small-cap companies may be thinly-traded, making it difficult for the Fund to buy and sell them. In addition, small-cap companies are typically less stable financially than larger, more established companies and may depend on a small number of essential personnel, making them more vulnerable to loss of personnel. Small-cap companies also normally have less diverse product lines than larger-cap companies and are more susceptible to adverse developments concerning their products. These risks are even greater for micro-cap companies. Micro-cap companies are followed by relatively few securities analysts and there tends to be less information about them. Their securities generally have limited trading volumes and are subject to even more abrupt, erratic price movements. Micro-cap companies are even more vulnerable to adverse business and market developments.

 

Trading Risk. Shares of the Fund may trade above or below their NAV. The NAV of shares will fluctuate with changes in the market value of the Fund’s holdings. The trading prices of shares will fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV, as well as market supply and demand. When the market price of the Fund’s shares deviates significantly from NAV, you may pay significantly more or receive significantly less than the underlying value of the Fund’s shares. However, given that shares can be created and redeemed only in Creation Units at NAV, the Advisor does not believe that large discounts or premiums to NAV will exist for extended periods of time. Although the Fund’s shares are currently listed on the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for shares will develop or be maintained. In addition, trading in shares of the Fund may be halted because of market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in shares inadvisable.

 

7

 

 

OTHER INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES

 

Temporary Defensive Positions. To respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets, without limitation, in cash, high-quality, short-term debt securities and money market instruments. The Fund may be invested in this manner for extended periods, depending on the Advisor’s assessment of market conditions. Debt securities and money market instruments include shares of other mutual funds, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, U.S. government securities, repurchase agreements, and bonds that are rated BBB or higher. While the Fund is in a defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective. Furthermore, to the extent that the Fund invests in money market funds, the Fund would bear its pro rata portion of each such money market fund’s advisory fees and operational expenses.

 

Lending of Portfolio Securities. The Fund may lend portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial organizations that meet capital and other credit requirements or other criteria established by the Board. These loans, if and when made, may not exceed 331/3% of the total asset value of the Fund (including the loan collateral). Such loans may be terminated at any time. Any such loans must be continuously secured by collateral maintained on a current basis in an amount at least equal to the market value of the securities loaned by the Fund. In a loan transaction, as compensation for lending its securities, the Fund will receive a portion of the dividends or interest accrued on the securities held as collateral or, in the case of cash collateral, a portion of the income from the investment of such cash. In addition, the Fund will receive the amount of all dividends, interest and other distributions on the loaned securities. However, the borrower has the right to vote the loaned securities. The Fund will call loans to vote proxies if a material issue affecting the investment is to be voted upon. Loans are made only to borrowers that are deemed by the securities lending agent to be of good financial standing. Should the borrower of the securities fail financially, the Fund may experience delays in recovering the securities or exercising its rights in the collateral. In a loan transaction, the Fund will also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities acquired with cash collateral. The Fund will attempt to minimize this risk by limiting the investment of cash collateral to high quality instruments of short maturity.

 

Please see the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) for a more complete list of portfolio investment strategies, permitted investments and related risks.

 

PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of Fund portfolio securities is available (i) in the SAI and (ii) on the Trust’s website at www.advisorshares.com. The Fund’s daily portfolio holdings information also is available on the Trust’s website.

 

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

 

INVESTMENT ADVISOR

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC, located at 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, serves as investment advisor of the Fund. As of September 30, 2022, the Advisor had approximately $[ ] billion in assets under management.

 

The Advisor, subject to the supervision of the Board, provides an investment program for the Fund and manages the investment of the Fund’s assets. Pursuant to an investment advisory agreement between the Trust and the Advisor, the Advisor is entitled to receive an annual advisory fee of 0.70% based on the average daily net assets of the Fund. For the most recent fiscal year, the Fund paid the Advisor [ ]% after waivers based on its average daily net assets.

 

The Advisor bears all of its own costs associated with providing these advisory services and the expenses of the members of the Board who are affiliated with the Advisor. The Advisor may make payments from its own resources to broker-dealers and other financial institutions in connection with the sale of Fund shares.

 

8

 

 

The Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses in order to keep net expenses (excluding amounts payable pursuant to any plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1, interest expense, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and extraordinary expenses) from exceeding 0.90% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for at least one year from the date of this Prospectus. The expense limitation agreement may be terminated without payment of any penalty (i) by the Trust for any reason and at any time and (ii) by the Advisor, for any reason, upon ninety (90) days’ prior written notice to the Trust, such termination to be effective as of the close of business on the last day of the then-current one-year period. If at any point it becomes unnecessary for the Advisor to waive fees or reimburse expenses, the Board may permit the Advisor to retain the difference between the Fund’s total annual operating expenses and the expense limitation currently in effect, or, if lower, the expense limitation that was in effect at the time of the waiver and/or reimbursement, to recapture all or a portion of its prior fee waivers or expense reimbursements within three years of the date they were waived or reimbursed.

 

The Advisor may hire one or more sub-advisors to oversee the day-to-day investment activities of the Fund. The sub-advisors would be subject to oversight by the Advisor. Pursuant to an exemptive order from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), the Advisor, subject to certain conditions, has the right, without shareholder approval, to hire a new unaffiliated sub-advisor or materially amend the terms of a sub-advisory agreement with an unaffiliated sub-advisor when the Board and the Advisor believe that a change would benefit the Fund. The Prospectus will be supplemented if a sub-advisor is hired for the Fund.

 

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s most recent approval of the Fund’s investment advisory agreement is available in the Trust’s Annual Report to Shareholders dated June 30, 2022.

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGER

The following portfolio manager is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.

 

Dan S. Ahrens, Managing Director, Chief Operating Officer & Portfolio Manager

Mr. Ahrens is a Managing Director and the Chief Operating Officer of the Advisor. Prior to joining the Advisor in 2008, Mr. Ahrens founded Ahrens Advisors, L.P., an SEC-registered investment advisor, where he acted as portfolio manager to a mutual fund. Before forming Ahrens Advisors, he was President of a mutual fund company, where he launched and served as portfolio manager to multiple funds. During that time, he also was President and Chief Compliance Officer of the funds’ advisor, and acted as President, Treasurer and Financial & Operations Officer of an affiliated broker-dealer firm. He is a published author and has appeared on numerous financial programs, including CNBC, CNN, Fox Business, ABC News and Bloomberg. He has been featured, along with funds under his management, in major national and trade publications including The Economist, New York Times, Financial Times, and The Wall Street Journal. He earned a Bachelor in Business Administration in Finance from Texas Tech University.

 

Additional information about the portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager, and the portfolio manager’s ownership of securities in the Fund is available in the SAI.

 

OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS

Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) is the principal underwriter and distributor of the Fund’s shares. The Distributor’s principal address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101. The Distributor will not distribute shares in less than whole Creation Units, and it does not maintain a secondary market in the shares. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. The Distributor is not affiliated with the Advisor, The Bank of New York Mellon or any of their respective affiliates.

 

The Bank of New York Mellon, located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286, serves as the administrator, custodian, transfer agent and fund accounting agent for the Fund.

 

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, located at 1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20004, serves as legal counsel to the Trust.

 

[ ], located at [ ], serves as the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm. The independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing the annual financial statements of the Fund.

 

9

 

 

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

 

CALCULATING NET ASSET VALUE

The Fund calculates NAV by (i) taking the current market value of its total assets, (ii) subtracting any liabilities, and (iii) dividing that amount by the total number of shares owned by shareholders.

 

The Fund calculates NAV once each business day as of the regularly scheduled close of normal trading on the New York Stock Exchange, LLC (the “NYSE”) (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time). The NYSE is typically closed on weekends and most national holidays.

 

In calculating NAV, the Fund generally values its portfolio investments at market prices. If market prices are unavailable or the Fund thinks that they are unreliable, or when the value of a portfolio holding has been materially affected by events occurring after the relevant market closes, the Fund will price those portfolio holdings at fair value as determined in good faith using methods approved by the Board. With respect to U.S.-traded securities with readily available pricing, it is expected that there would be limited circumstances in which the Fund would use fair value pricing – for example, if the exchange on which a portfolio security is principally traded closed early or if trading in a particular security was halted during the day and did not resume prior to the time the Fund calculated its NAV.

 

The use of fair valuation in pricing a portfolio holding involves the consideration of a number of subjective factors and, therefore, is susceptible to the unavoidable risk that the valuation may be higher or lower than the price at which the portfolio holding might actually trade if a reliable market price were readily available.

 

More information about the valuation of the Fund’s holdings can be found in the SAI.

 

PREMIUM/DISCOUNT AND BID-ASK SPREAD INFORMATION

The price of the Fund’s shares is based on market price, which may differ from the Fund’s daily NAV per share and can be affected by market forces of supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. Information showing the number of days that the market price of the Fund’s shares was greater than the Fund’s NAV per share (i.e., at a premium) and the number of days it was less than the Fund’s NAV per share (i.e., at a discount) for various time periods is available by visiting the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com. Also available on the Fund’s website is information about bid-ask spreads.

 

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

The Fund pays out dividends and distributes its net capital gains, if any, to shareholders at least annually.

 

ACTIVE INVESTORS AND MARKET TIMING

Shares of the Fund are listed for trading on the Exchange, which allows retail investors to purchase and sell individual shares at market prices throughout the trading day similar to other publicly traded securities. Because these secondary market trades do not involve the Fund directly, it is unlikely that secondary market trading would cause any harmful effects of market timing, such as dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the Fund’s trading costs or realization of capital gains. The Board has determined not to adopt policies and procedures designed to prevent or monitor for frequent purchases and redemptions of the Fund’s shares because the Fund sells and redeems its shares at NAV only in Creation Units pursuant to the terms of a participant agreement between the Distributor and an authorized participant, principally in exchange for a basket of securities that mirrors the composition of the Fund’s portfolio and a specified amount of cash. The Fund also imposes transaction fees on such Creation Unit transactions that are designed to offset the Fund’s transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of the Creation Unit shares.

 

BOOK-ENTRY

Shares of the Fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), or its nominee, is the record owner of all outstanding shares of the Fund and is recognized as the owner of all shares.

 

10

 

 

Investors owning shares of the Fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all shares. Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants (e.g., broker-dealers, banks, trust companies, or clearing companies). These procedures are the same as those that apply to any stocks that you hold in book entry or “street name” through your brokerage account.

 

INVESTING IN THE FUND

For more information on how to buy and sell shares of the Fund, call the Trust at 877.843.3831 or visit the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com.

 

DISTRIBUTION PLAN

 

The Fund has adopted a Distribution Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 that allows the Fund to pay distribution fees to the Distributor and other firms that provide distribution services. The Fund will pay distribution fees to the Distributor at an annual rate not to exceed 0.25% of its average daily net assets. If a service provider provides distribution services, the Distributor will pay the service provider out of its distribution fees.

 

No distribution fees are currently charged to the Fund; there are no plans to impose distribution fees, and no distribution fees will be charged for at least one year from the date of this Prospectus. However, to the extent distribution fees are charged in the future, because the Fund would pay these fees out of assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees may cost you more than other types of sales charges and would increase the cost of your investment. At such time as distribution fees are charged, the Fund will notify investors by adding disclosure to the Fund’s website and in the Fund’s Prospectus. Any distribution fees will be approved by the Board.

 

ADDITIONAL TAX INFORMATION [To Be Updated]

 

The following is a summary of some important tax issues that affect the Fund and its shareholders. The summary is based on current tax law, which may be changed by legislative, judicial or administrative action. The summary is very general, and does not address investors subject to special rules, such as investors who hold shares through an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged account. More information about taxes is located in the SAI.

 

You are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding specific questions as to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes.

 

Tax Status of the Fund

The Fund is treated as a separate entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes and has elected and intends to qualify for the special tax treatment afforded to a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”). As long as the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC, it pays no federal income tax on the earnings it timely distributes to shareholders. However, the Fund’s failure to qualify as a RIC or to meet minimum distribution requirements would result (if certain relief provisions were not available) in fund-level taxation and, consequently, a reduction in income available for distribution to shareholders.

 

Unless you are a tax-exempt entity or your investment in Fund shares is made through a tax-deferred retirement account, such as an individual retirement account, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when:

 

the Fund makes distributions;

 

you sell Fund shares; and

 

you purchase or redeem Creation Units (authorized participants only).

 

11

 

 

Tax Status of Distributions

 

The Fund intends to distribute, at least annually, substantially all of its net investment income and net capital gains income.

 

The income dividends you receive from the Fund will be taxed as either ordinary income or “qualified dividend income.” For non-corporate shareholders, dividends reported by the Fund as qualified dividend income are generally eligible for reduced tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided holding period and other requirements are met. Qualified dividend income generally is income derived from dividends paid by U.S. corporations or certain foreign corporations that are either incorporated in a U.S. possession or eligible for tax benefits under certain U.S. income tax treaties. In addition, dividends that the Fund receives in respect of stock of certain foreign corporations may be qualified dividend income if that stock is readily tradable on an established U.S. securities market. For such dividends to be taxed as qualified dividend income to a non-corporate shareholder, the Fund must satisfy certain holding period requirements with respect to the underlying stock and the non-corporate shareholder must satisfy holding period requirements with respect to his or her ownership of the Fund’s shares. Holding periods may be suspended for these purposes for stock that is hedged.

 

Corporate shareholders may be entitled to a dividends received deduction for the portion of dividends they receive that are attributable to dividends received by the Fund from U.S. corporations, subject to certain limitations. The Fund’s investment strategies may limit its ability to distribute dividends eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.

 

Taxes on distributions of capital gains (if any) are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned their shares. Sales of assets held by the Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by the Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions from the Fund’s short-term capital gains are generally taxable as ordinary income. Any distributions of net capital gain (the excess of the Fund’s net long-term capital gains over its net short-term capital losses) that you receive from the Fund generally are taxable as long-term capital gains regardless of how long you have owned your shares. Long-term capital gains are taxed to non-corporate shareholders at reduced tax rates.

 

Dividends and distributions are generally taxable to you whether you receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares.

 

In general, your distributions are subject to federal income tax for the year in which they are paid. However, distributions paid in January but declared by the Fund in October, November or December of the previous year may be taxable to you in the previous year.

 

Shortly after the close of each calendar year, the Fund (or your broker) will inform you of the amount of your ordinary income dividends, qualified dividend income, and net capital gain distributions received from the Fund.

 

You may wish to avoid investing in the Fund shortly before a dividend or other distribution, because such a distribution will generally be taxable even though it may economically represent a return of a portion of your investment.

 

Taxes on Exchange-Listed Share Sales

Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of shares is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one year or less, except that any capital loss on the sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of amounts treated as distributions of long-term capital gains to the shareholder with respect to such shares. Any loss realized on a sale will be disallowed to the extent shares of the Fund are acquired, including through reinvestment of dividends, within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of Fund shares. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.

 

12

 

 

Foreign Taxes

Dividends, interest, and other income received by the Fund with respect to foreign securities may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. The Fund may need to file special claims for refunds to secure the benefits of a reduced rate.

 

Net Investment Income Tax

U.S. individuals with income exceeding certain thresholds are subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” including interest, dividends, and certain capital gains (generally including capital gain distributions and capital gains realized on the sale or exchange of shares). This 3.8% tax also applies to all or a portion of the undistributed net investment income of certain shareholders that are estates and trusts.

 

Non-U.S. Investors

If you are not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States, the Fund’s ordinary income dividends will generally be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies or unless such income is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. The 30% withholding tax generally will not apply to distributions of net capital gain. The Fund may, under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met. Short-term capital gain dividends received by a nonresident alien individual who is present in the U.S. for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year are not exempt from this 30% withholding tax. Different tax consequences may result if you are a foreign shareholder engaged in a trade or business within the United States or if you are a foreign shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of a tax treaty.

 

Backup Withholding

The Fund will be required in certain cases to withhold (as “backup withholding”) on amounts payable to any shareholder who (1) has provided the Fund either an incorrect tax identification number or no number at all, (2) is subject to backup withholding by the Internal Revenue Service for failure to properly report payments of interest or dividends, (3) has failed to certify to the Fund that such shareholder is not subject to backup withholding, or (4) has not certified that such shareholder is a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident alien). The backup withholding rate is 24%. Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to the 30% withholding tax applicable to shareholders who are neither citizens nor residents of the United States.

 

Taxes on Creation and Redemption of Creation Units

An authorized participant who purchases a Creation Unit by exchanging securities in-kind generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (a) the sum of the market value of the Creation Units at the time and any net cash received, and (b) the sum of the purchaser’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and any net cash paid for the Creation Units. An authorized participant who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (x) the sum of the redeemer’s basis in the Creation Units and any net cash paid, and (y) the sum of the aggregate market value of the securities received and any net cash received. The Internal Revenue Service, however, may assert that a loss that is realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units may not be currently deducted under the rules governing “wash sales” by an authorized participant that does not mark-to-market its holdings, or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. Authorized participants should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether wash sales rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.

 

The Fund has the right to reject an order for Creation Units if the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund and if, pursuant to section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code, the Fund would have a basis in the deposit securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Fund also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. If the Fund does issue Creation Units to a purchaser (or a group of purchasers) that would, upon obtaining the Creation Units so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund, the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) will not recognize gain or loss upon the exchange of securities for Creation Units.

 

13

 

 

The Fund may include cash when paying the redemption price for Creation Units in addition to, or in place of, the delivery of a basket of securities. The Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize investment income and/or capital gains or losses that it might not have recognized if it had completely satisfied the redemption in-kind. As a result, the Fund may be less tax efficient if it includes such a cash payment than if the in-kind redemption process was used.

 

Persons exchanging securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction. If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many Fund shares you purchased or redeemed and at what price.

 

The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the consequences under current federal tax law of an investment in the Fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences to you of an investment in the Fund under all tax laws applicable to you.

 

More information about taxes is in the SAI.

 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance for the past five years. The financial highlights for the periods from July 1, 2018 to August 31, 2022 represent the periods during which the Fund was named AdvisorShares DoubleLine Value Equity ETF and sub-advised by DoubleLine Equity LP. The financial highlights for the periods from July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2018 represent the periods during which the Fund was named AdvisorShares Wilshire Buyback ETF and sub-advised by Wilshire Associates Incorporated. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been derived from the financial statements audited by [ ], an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the Fund’s financial statements, are included in the Fund’s Annual Report, which is available upon request.

 

14

 

 

ADVISORSHARES TRUST — Financial Highlights

 

 

    Years Ended June 30,  
AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF   2022     2021     2020     2019     2018  
Selected Data for a Share of Capital Stock Outstanding                                        
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Year/Period   $ [  ]     $ 66.37     $ 68.21     $ 67.88     $ 66.23  
Investment Operations                                        
Net Investment Income(1)     [  ]       0.95       0.82       0.62       0.53  
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)     [  ]     29.23       (1.84 )     0.45       1.59  
Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Investment Operations(2)     [  ]     30.18       (1.02 )     1.07       2.12  
Distributions from Net Investment Income     [  ]     (1.02 )     (0.82 )     (0.74 )     (0.47 )
Total Distributions     [  ]     (1.02 )     (0.82 )     (0.74 )     (0.47 )
Net Asset Value, End of Year/Period   $ [  ]     $ 95.53     $ 66.37     $ 68.21     $ 67.88  
Market Value, End of Year/Period   $ [  ]     $ 95.41     $ 66.28     $ 68.13     $ 67.88  
Total Return                                        
Total Investment Return Based on Net Asset Value(3)     [  ] %     45.78 %     (1.63 )%     1.74 %     3.15 %
Total Investment Return Based on Market(3)     [  ] %     45.79 %     (1.65 )%     1.63 %     3.26 %
Ratios/Supplemental Data                                        
Net Assets, End of Year/Period (000’s omitted)   $ [  ]     $ 48,243     $ 41,483     $ 61,386     $ 95,034  
Ratio to Average Net Assets of:                                        
Expenses, net of expense waivers and reimbursements(4)     [  ] %     0.90 %     0.90 %     0.90 %     0.87 %
Expenses, prior to expense waivers and reimbursements(4)     [  ] %     1.05 %     1.07 %     1.17 %     1.07 %
Net Investment Income(4)     [  ] %     1.18 %     1.18 %     0.93 %     0.77 %
Portfolio Turnover Rate(6)     [  ] %     40 %     93 %     218 %     171 %

 

 
*Commencement of operations.

 

(1)Based on average shares outstanding.
(2)The amount shown for a share distribution throughout the period may not correlate with the Statement of Operations for the period due to the timing of sales and repurchases of Fund Shares in relation to income earned and/or fluctuating fair value of the investments of the Fund.
(3)Net asset value total investment return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions on ex-date, if any, at net asset value during the period, and redemption on the last day of the period. Periods less than one year are not annualized. Market value total return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the market value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at market value during the period on pay date, and sale at the market value on the last day of the period.
(4)Ratios of periods of less than one year have been annualized. Excludes expenses incurred by the underlying investments in other funds.
(5)The expense ratio includes interest and dividend expenses on short sales of 1.46%, 2.46%, 2.47% and 1.71% for the period ended June 30, 2022, June 30, 2021, June 30, 2020 and June 30, 2019, respectively.
(6)Portfolio turnover rate is not annualized and excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as in-kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s capital shares.

 

15

 

 

ADVISORSHARES INSIDER ADVANTAGE ETF

 

Advisor

 

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC

4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

 

Distributor

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100

Portland, Maine 04101

 

Legal Counsel

 

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP

1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20004

 

Administrator, Custodian &
Transfer Agent

 

The Bank of New York Mellon

240 Greenwich Street

New York, New York 10286

 

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

Additional and more detailed information about the Fund is included in the Fund’s SAI. The SAI has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and, therefore, legally forms a part of this Prospectus. The SEC maintains the EDGAR database on its website (http://www.sec.gov), which contains the SAI, material incorporated by reference, and other information about the Fund. You may request documents from the SEC, upon payment of a duplication fee, by emailing the SEC at publicinfo@sec.gov.

 

You may obtain a copy of the SAI and the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports without charge by calling 877.843.3831, visiting the website at www.advisorshares.com, or writing to the Trust at 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Additional information about the Fund’s investments is available in the Fund’s Annual and Semi-Annual Reports. Also in the Fund’s Annual Report is a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during the last fiscal year.

 

No one has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations not contained in this Prospectus or in the SAI in connection with the offering of Fund shares. Do not rely on any such information or representations as having been authorized by the Fund. This Prospectus does not constitute an offering by the Fund in any jurisdiction where such an offering is not lawful.

 

The Trust’s SEC Investment Company Act File Number is 811-22110.

 

16

 

 

 

 

NYSE Arca Ticker: MINC

 

 

Sub-advised by:

Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC dba Newfleet Asset Management

 

ADVISORSHARES TRUST

4800 Montgomery Lane ● Suite 150

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

www.advisorshares.com

877.843.3831

 

Prospectus dated November 1, 2022

 

This Prospectus provides important information about the AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF, a series of AdvisorShares Trust. Before you invest, please read this Prospectus and the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information carefully and keep them for future reference.

 

The shares of the Fund have not been approved or disapproved by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor has the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

 

 

Table of Contents

 

FUND SUMMARY   1
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE   1
FUND FEES AND EXPENSES   1
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER   2
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES   2
PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND   3
FUND PERFORMANCE   4
MANAGEMENT   6
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES   6
TAX INFORMATION   6
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES   6
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRUST AND THE FUND   7
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE   7
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES   7
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND   7
OTHER INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES   11
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS   11
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND   12
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION   13
DISTRIBUTION PLAN   15
ADDITIONAL TAX INFORMATION   15
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS   18
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION   20

 

i

 

 

ADVISORSHARES NEWFLEET MULTI-SECTOR INCOME ETF

NYSE Arca Ticker: MINC

 

FUND SUMMARY

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

 

The AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide current income consistent with preservation of capital, while limiting fluctuations in net asset value (“NAV”) due to changes in interest rates.

 

FUND FEES AND EXPENSES

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table below.

 

SHAREHOLDER FEES (fees paid directly from your investment)     None  
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)        
MANAGEMENT FEES     0.50 %
DISTRIBUTION (12b-1) FEES     0.00 %
OTHER EXPENSES     [   ] %
ACQUIRED FUND FEES AND EXPENSES(a)     [   ] %
TOTAL ANNUAL OPERATING EXPENSES     [   ] %
FEE WAIVER/EXPENSE REIMBURSEMENT(b)     [   ] %
TOTAL ANNUAL OPERATING EXPENSES AFTER FEE WAIVER/EXPENSE REIMBURSEMENT     [   ]

 

(a) Total Annual Operating Expenses and Total Annual Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement in this fee table may not correlate to the expense ratios in the Fund’s financial highlights (and the Fund’s financial statements) because the financial highlights include only the Fund’s direct operating expenses and do not include Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, which represent the Fund’s pro rata share of the fees and expenses of money market funds in which it invested as a temporary defensive measure.
   
(b) AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (the “Advisor”) has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses to keep net expenses (excluding amounts payable pursuant to any plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1, interest expense, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and extraordinary expenses) from exceeding 0.75% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for at least one year from the date of this Prospectus. The expense limitation may be terminated without payment of any penalty (i) by the Trust for any reason and at any time and (ii) by the Advisor, for any reason, upon ninety (90) days’ prior written notice to the Trust, such termination to be effective as of the close of business on the last day of the then-current one-year period. If it becomes unnecessary for the Advisor to waive fees or reimburse expenses, the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) may permit the Advisor to retain the difference between the Fund’s total annual operating expenses and the expense limitation currently in effect, or, if lower, the expense limitation that was in effect at the time of the waiver and/or reimbursement, to recapture all or a portion of its prior fee waivers or expense reimbursements within three years of the date they were waived or reimbursed.

 

EXAMPLE

 

This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the shares of the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This Example does not take into account brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries that you may pay when purchasing or selling shares of the Fund. If these fees were included, your costs would be higher.

 

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The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

    1 YEAR   3 YEARS   5 YEARS   10 YEARS
AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF   $[ ]   $[ ]   $[ ]   $[ ]

 

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

 

 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Total Annual Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. This rate excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s shares. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was [ ]% of the average value of its portfolio.

 

PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). In seeking to achieve the Fund’s investment objective, Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC dba Newfleet Asset Management (the “Sub-Advisor”), the Fund’s investment sub-advisor, applies a time-tested approach and extensive credit research to capitalize on opportunities across undervalued areas of the bond markets. The Fund principally invests in investment-grade securities, which are securities with credit ratings within the four highest rating categories of a nationally recognized statistical rating organization or, if unrated, those securities that the Sub-Advisor determines to be of comparable quality.

 

The Sub-Advisor seeks to provide diversification by allocating the Fund’s investments among various sectors of the fixed income markets, which include: corporate investment-grade, corporate high-yield, bank loans, non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBSs”), agency and non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBSs”), non-U.S. dollar securities, emerging market high-yield securities, Yankee investment-grade bonds, asset-backed securities, taxable municipal bonds, tax-exempt municipal bonds, and securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies, authorities or instrumentalities. As a result, the Fund’s fixed income investments may be issued by various types of issuers and may include some or all of the following:

 

Securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies, authorities or instrumentalities, including collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”), real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”) and other pass-through securities;

 

Debt securities issued by foreign issuers, including foreign governments and their political subdivisions and issuers in emerging markets;

 

Investment-grade securities issued primarily by U.S. issuers and secondarily by non-U.S. issuers; and

 

High-yield debt instruments, including bank loans, which are generally floating-rate loans.

 

The average duration of the Fund’s fixed income investments ranges from one to three years. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its total assets in securities that are rated below investment-grade at the time of purchase. If certain of the Fund’s holdings experience a decline in their credit quality and fall below investment-grade, the Fund may continue to hold the securities and they will not count toward the Fund’s 20% investment limit. Generally, the Fund will limit its investments in corporate high-yield securities to 10% of its assets and will limit its investments in non-U.S. issuers to 30% of its assets.

 

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PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND

 

The Fund is subject to a number of risks, described below, that may affect the value of its shares, including the possible loss of money. As with any fund, there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

 

Credit Risk. The Fund is subject to the risk that an issuer of a fixed income security, such as a corporate bond, may be unable or unwilling to make interest and principal payments when due. The Fund is also subject to the related risk that the value of a fixed income security may decline because of concerns about the issuer’s creditworthiness. Credit risk is heightened to the extent the Fund invests in below investment-grade securities, which are also referred to as high-yield securities or junk bonds.

 

Emerging Markets Risk. Emerging markets, which consist of countries or markets with low to middle income economies as classified by the World Bank and other countries or markets with similar characteristics as determined by the Advisor, can be subject to greater social, economic, regulatory, and political uncertainties and can be extremely volatile.

 

ETF Market Risk. In stressed market conditions, the market for certain ETF shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the ETF’s underlying portfolio holdings. This adverse effect on liquidity for the ETF’s shares in turn can lead to differences between the market price of the ETF’s shares and the underlying value of those shares. In addition, there are a limited number of institutions that act as authorized participants. If these institutions exit the business or are, for any reason, unable to process creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund, or purchase and sell securities in connection with creation and/or redemption orders, as applicable, and no other authorized participant steps forward to create or redeem, or purchase or sell securities, as applicable, Fund shares may trade at a premium or discount to NAV and possibly face operational issues such as trading halts and/or delisting. The absence of an active market in the Fund’s shares could lead to a heightened risk of differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those shares.

 

Fixed Income Securities Risk. Fixed income securities are subject to the risk that securities could lose value because of interest rate changes. Fixed income securities with longer maturities are subject to greater price shifts as a result of interest rate changes than fixed income securities with shorter maturities. Fixed income securities also are subject to prepayment, interest rate, and credit risks.

 

Foreign Investment Risk. The Fund’s investments in securities of foreign issuers may involve certain risks that are greater than those associated with investments in securities of U.S. issuers. These include risks of adverse changes in foreign economic, political, regulatory and other conditions; changes in currency exchange rates or exchange control regulations (including limitations on currency movements and exchanges); differing accounting, auditing, financial reporting, and legal standards and practices; differing securities market structures; and higher transaction costs. In addition, the securities of some foreign companies may be less liquid and, at times, more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies.

 

High-Yield Securities Risk. High-yield securities or “junk bonds” are subject to a greater risk of loss of income and principal than higher grade debt securities. The Fund’s investments in high-yield securities also subjects the Fund to greater levels of interest rate, credit and liquidity risk than funds that do not invest in such securities. Issuers of junk bonds are often highly leveraged and are more vulnerable to changes in the economy. These securities are considered predominately speculative with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to make principal and interest payments.

 

Illiquid Investments Risk. This risk exists when particular Fund investments are difficult to purchase or sell, which can reduce the Fund’s returns because the Fund may be unable to transact at advantageous times or prices.

 

Income Risk. The income from the Fund’s investments may decline because of falling market interest rates. This can result when the Fund invests the proceeds from new share sales, or from matured or called bonds, at market interest rates that are below the Fund’s portfolio current earnings rate.

 

Interest Rate Risk. The Fund’s investment in fixed income securities will change in value in response to interest rate changes and other factors, such as the perception of the issuer’s creditworthiness.

 

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Issuer Risk. The value of a debt security may decline for a number of reasons directly related to the issuer of such security, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or services.

 

Loan Participation Risk. The Fund may not have a readily available market for loan participation interests and, in some cases, the Fund may have to dispose of such securities at a substantial discount from face value. Loan participations also involve the credit risk associated with the underlying corporate borrower.

 

Management Risk. The Sub-Advisor continuously evaluates the Fund’s holdings, purchases and sales with a view to achieving the Fund’s investment objective. However, achievement of the Fund’s stated investment objective cannot be guaranteed. The Sub-Advisor’s judgment about the markets, the economy, or companies may not anticipate actual market movements, economic conditions or company performance, and these factors may affect the return on your investment.

 

Market Risk. Due to market conditions, the value of the Fund’s investments may fluctuate significantly from day to day. Price fluctuations may be temporary or may last for extended periods. This volatility may cause the value of your investment in the Fund to decrease. Local, regional, or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the market generally and on specific securities. The market value of a security may also decline because of factors that affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an industry. Because of its link to the markets, an investment in the Fund may be more suitable for long-term investors who can bear the risk of short-term principal fluctuations, which at times may be significant.

 

Mortgage-Backed and Asset-Backed Securities Risk. The impairment of the value of collateral underlying a mortgage-backed or asset-backed security (for example, due to non-payment of loans) may result in a reduction in the value of such security. In addition, early payoffs in the loans may result in the Fund receiving less income than originally anticipated.

 

Municipal Market Volatility Risk. The municipal market is volatile and can be significantly affected by adverse tax, legislative, or political changes and the financial condition of the issuers of municipal securities.

 

Trading Risk. Shares of the Fund may trade above or below their NAV. The trading price of the Fund’s shares may deviate significantly from their NAV during periods of market volatility and, in such instances, you may pay significantly more or receive significantly less than the underlying value of the Fund’s shares. There can be no assurance that an active trading market for the Fund’s shares will develop or be maintained. In addition, trading in shares of the Fund may be halted because of market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”), make trading in shares inadvisable.

 

U.S. Government Securities Risk. U.S. government securities are subject to price fluctuations and to default in the event that an agency or instrumentality defaults on an obligation not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.

 

FUND PERFORMANCE

 

The bar chart and table that follow show how the Fund has performed on a calendar year basis and provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The table also shows how the Fund’s performance compares to the Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index and the BofA Merrill Lynch 1-5 Year U.S. Corporate & Government Bond Index. The Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index measures the performance of the U.S. investment-grade bond market. The BofA Merrill Lynch 1-5 Year U.S. Corporate & Government Bond Index measures the performance of U.S. dollar denominated investment grade debt publicly issued in the U.S. domestic market, including U.S. Treasury, U.S. agency, foreign government, supranational and corporate securities, with a remaining term to final maturity less than 5 years, calculated on a total return basis. Both the bar chart and the table assume the reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. Past performance (before and after taxes) does not necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future.

 

Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com.

 

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Calendar Year Total Returns [To Be Updated]

 

 

The Fund’s year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2022 was [ ]%.

 

Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)

    Return   Quarter/Year
Highest Return   [   ]%   [   ]
Lowest Return   [   ]%   [   ]

 

AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS FOR THE PERIODS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021

ADVISORSHARES NEWFLEET MULTI-SECTOR INCOME ETF   1 Year  

5 Years

 

Since Inception

(3/19/2013)

Return Before Taxes Based on NAV   [   ]%   [   ]%   [   ]%
Return After Taxes on Distributions   [   ]%   [   ]%   [   ]%
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares   [   ]%   [   ]%   [   ]%
Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)   [   ]%   [   ]%   [   ]%
BofA Merrill Lynch 1-5 Year U.S. Corporate & Government Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)   [   ]%   [   ]%   [   ]%

 

After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown and are not relevant if you hold your shares through tax-advantaged arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases, the return after taxes on distributions and sale of fund shares may exceed other average annual total returns due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of shares at the end of the measurement period.

 

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MANAGEMENT

 

Name   Title
AdvisorShares Investments, LLC   Advisor
Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC dba Newfleet Asset Management   Sub-Advisor

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGERS

 

Name and Title   Length of Service with Sub-Advisor
David L. Albrycht, CFA, President and Chief Investment Officer   since July 2022 (and since June 2011 with predecessor sub-advisor)
Benjamin Caron, CFA, Senior Managing Director and Portfolio Manager   since July 2022 (and since June 2011 with predecessor sub-advisor)

 

PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES

 

The Fund issues and redeems shares on a continuous basis at NAV only in a large specified number of shares called a “Creation Unit.” Only institutional investors that are acting as the Fund’s authorized participants (typically broker-dealers) may purchase or redeem Creation Units. A Creation Unit transaction generally is conducted in exchange for a deposit of cash totaling the NAV of the Creation Units.

 

Individual Fund shares may only be purchased and sold in secondary market transactions through brokers. The shares of the Fund are listed on the Exchange and, because shares trade at market price rather than at NAV, shares may trade at a value greater than (premium) or less than (discount) NAV. When buying or selling shares in the secondary market, you may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the Fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the Fund (ask) (the “bid-ask spread”). Recent information regarding the Fund’s NAV, market price, premiums and discounts, and bid-ask spreads will be available on the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com.

 

TAX INFORMATION

 

The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains (or a combination thereof), unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account (“IRA”), which may be taxed upon withdrawal.

 

PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES

 

Investors purchasing shares in the secondary market through a brokerage account or with the assistance of a broker may be subject to brokerage commissions and charges. If you purchase Fund shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or Sub-Advisor may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing broker-dealers or other intermediaries and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

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MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRUST AND THE FUND

 

AdvisorShares Trust (the “Trust”) is a Delaware statutory trust offering a number of professionally managed investment portfolios or funds.

 

Creation Units of the Fund are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for portfolio securities along with a specified cash payment.

 

EXCEPT WHEN AGGREGATED IN CREATION UNITS, SHARES OF THE FUND ARE NOT REDEEMABLE SECURITIES.

 

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

 

The Fund seeks to provide current income consistent with preservation of capital, while limiting fluctuations in NAV due to changes in interest rates. The Fund’s investment objective is non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board without a shareholder vote.

 

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

The Fund is an actively managed ETF and, thus, does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified passive index of securities. Instead, it uses an active investment strategy in seeking to meet its investment objective. The Sub-Advisor, subject to the oversight of the Advisor and the Board, has discretion on a daily basis to manage the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and investment policies.

 

The Sub-Advisor employs active sector rotation and disciplined risk management in the construction of the Fund’s portfolio. The Fund’s investable assets are typically allocated among various sectors of the fixed income market using a top-down, relative value approach that looks at factors such as yield and spreads, supply and demand, investment environment, and sector fundamentals. The Sub-Advisor then typically selects particular investments using a bottom-up, fundamental research driven analysis that includes assessment of credit risk, company management, issuer capital structure, technical market conditions, and valuations. The Sub-Advisor selects securities it believes offer the best potential to achieve the Fund’s investment objective of providing a high level of total return, including a competitive level of current income, while preserving capital. The Sub-Advisor seeks to adjust (i) the proportion of Fund investments primarily in the sectors described in the Fund’s “Principal Investment Strategies” section and (ii) the selections within sectors to obtain higher relative returns. The Sub-Advisor regularly reviews the Fund’s portfolio construction, endeavoring to minimize risk exposure by closely monitoring portfolio characteristics such as sector concentration and portfolio duration and by investing no more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets in securities of any single issuer (excluding the U.S. Government, its agencies, authorities or instrumentalities).

 

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND

 

The Fund is subject to a number of risks that may affect the value of its shares. This section provides additional information about the Fund’s principal risks. The degree to which a risk applies to the Fund varies according to its investment allocation. Each investor should review the complete description of the principal risks before investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for certain investors. As with investing in other securities whose prices increase and decrease in market value, you may lose money by investing in the Fund.

 

Credit Risk. Credit risk is the risk that the Fund could lose money if an issuer or guarantor of a debt instrument in which the Fund invests becomes unwilling or unable to make timely principal and/or interest payments, or to otherwise meet its obligations. To the extent the Fund has short exposure to the issuers of certain fixed income securities, the Fund is subject to the risk that its investment in a debt instrument could decline because of concerns about the issuer’s credit quality or perceived financial condition. Fixed income securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk, which are sometimes reflected in credit ratings.

 

Emerging Markets Risk. The risks of foreign investments are generally greater in countries whose markets are still developing than they are in more developed markets. Emerging market countries typically have economic and political systems that are less fully developed, and can be expected to be less stable than those of more developed countries. For example, the economies of such countries can be subject to rapid and unpredictable rates of inflation or deflation. Since these markets are often small, they may be more likely to suffer sharp and frequent price changes or long-term price depression because of adverse publicity, investor perceptions or the actions of a few large investors. They may also have policies that restrict investment by foreigners, or that prevent foreign investors from withdrawing their money at will. Certain emerging markets may also face other significant internal or external risks, including the risk of war and civil unrest. For all of these reasons, investments in emerging markets may be considered speculative.

 

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To the extent that the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in a particular emerging market, the Fund will be more vulnerable to financial, economic, political and other developments in that country, and conditions that negatively impact that country will have a greater impact on the Fund as compared to a fund that does not have its holdings concentrated in a particular country.

 

ETF Market Risk. In stressed market conditions, the market for certain ETF shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the ETF’s underlying portfolio holdings. This adverse effect on liquidity for the ETF’s shares in turn can lead to a difference between the market price of the ETF’s shares and the underlying value of those shares. This difference can be reflected as a spread between the bid and ask prices quoted during the day or a premium or discount in the closing price from the Fund’s NAV.

 

Because the Fund’s shares trade in the secondary market, a broker may charge a commission to execute a transaction in shares and an investor may incur the cost of the spread between the price at which a dealer will buy shares (bid) and the somewhat higher price at which a dealer will sell shares (ask). In addition, not only are there a limited number of institutions that act as authorized participants, direct trading by authorized participants is critical to ensuring that the Fund’s shares trade at or close to NAV. However, market makers are not obligated to make a market in the Fund’s shares nor are authorized participants obligated to execute purchase or redemption orders for Creation Units and, in times of market stress, circumstances could develop that could cause them to refrain from these activities or reduce their role. The absence of an active market could lead to a heightened risk of differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those shares.

 

Fixed Income Securities Risk. Fixed income securities are subject to the risk that the securities may be paid off earlier or later than expected. Either situation could cause the Fund to hold securities paying lower-than-market rates of interest, which could hurt the Fund’s yield or share price. In addition, rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of certain fixed income securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, the Fund that holds these securities may exhibit additional volatility. This is known as extension risk. When interest rates decline, borrowers may pay off their fixed income securities sooner than expected. This can reduce the returns of the Fund because the Fund will have to reinvest that money at the lower prevailing interest rates. This is known as prepayment risk. Fixed income securities typically do not provide any voting rights, except in cases when interest payments have not been made and the issuer is in default. The risk that fixed income securities with longer maturities or durations may be subject to greater price fluctuations due to interest rate, tax law, and general market changes than securities with shorter maturities or durations. Fixed income securities sometimes contain provisions that allow for redemption in the event of tax or security law changes, in addition to call features at the option of the issuer. In the event of a redemption, the Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds at comparable rates of return. Fixed income securities are debt obligations issued by corporations, municipalities and other borrowers. Coupons may be fixed or adjustable, based on a pre-set formula. The prices of high-yield bonds, unlike those of investment-grade bonds, may fluctuate unpredictably and not necessarily inversely with changes in interest rates. Changes in the value of portfolio securities will not affect cash income derived from these securities but will affect the Fund’s NAV.

 

Foreign Investment Risk. The Fund may have significant exposure to securities or obligations of foreign companies through its investments in financial instruments which are indirectly linked to the performance of foreign issuers. Foreign markets can be more volatile than the U.S. market due to increased risks of adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments and can perform differently from the U.S. market. Investing in financial instruments that are indirectly linked to the performance of foreign issuers may involve risks not typically associated with investing in U.S. issuers. The value of financial instruments denominated in foreign currencies, and of distributions from such financial instruments, can change significantly when foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the U.S. dollar. Foreign markets generally have less trading volume and less liquidity than U.S. markets, and prices in some foreign markets may fluctuate more than those of financial instruments traded on U.S. markets. Many foreign countries lack accounting and disclosure standards comparable to those that apply to U.S. companies, and it may be more difficult to obtain reliable information regarding a foreign issuer’s financial condition and operations. In certain countries, legal remedies available to investors may be more limited than those available with respect to investments in the United States. Transaction costs and costs associated with custody services are generally higher for foreign securities than they are for U.S. securities. Some foreign governments levy withholding taxes against dividend and interest income. Although in some countries portions of these taxes are recoverable, the non-recovered portion will reduce the income received by the Fund.

 

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High-Yield Securities Risk. Securities rated “BB” or below by S&P or “Ba” or below by Moody’s are known as “high-yield” securities and are commonly referred to as “junk bonds.” Such securities entail greater price volatility and credit and interest rate risk than investment-grade securities. Analysis of the creditworthiness of high-yield issuers is more complex than for higher-rated securities, making it more difficult for the Sub-Advisor to accurately predict risk. There is a greater risk with high-yield fixed income securities that an issuer will not be able to make principal and interest payments when due. If the Fund pursues missed payments, there is a risk that Fund expenses could increase. In addition, lower-rated securities may not trade as often and may be less liquid than higher-rated securities, especially during periods of economic uncertainty or change. As a result of all of these factors, these bonds are generally considered to be speculative.

 

Illiquid Investments Risk. In certain circumstances, it may be difficult for the Fund to purchase and sell particular portfolio investments due to infrequent trading in such investments. The prices of such securities may experience significant volatility, make it more difficult for the Fund to transact significant amounts of such securities without an unfavorable impact on prevailing market prices, or make it difficult for the Sub-Advisor to dispose of such securities at a fair price at the time the Sub-Advisor believes it is desirable to do so. The Fund’s investments in such securities may restrict the Fund’s ability to take advantage of other market opportunities and adversely affect the value of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. The Fund’s investments also may be subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to “circuit breaker” rules.

 

Income Risk. The market value of fixed income investments changes in response to interest rate changes and other factors. The Fund’s income could decline due to falling market interest rates. This is because, in a falling interest rate environment, a fund generally will have to invest the proceeds from sales of fund shares, as well as the proceeds from maturing portfolio securities in lower-yielding securities. During periods of falling interest rates, the values of outstanding fixed income securities generally rise. Moreover, while securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields, the prices of longer maturity securities are also subject to greater market fluctuations as a result of changes in interest rates. During periods of falling interest rates, certain debt obligations with high interest rates may be prepaid (or “called”) by the issuer prior to maturity.

 

Interest Rate Risk. The values of debt securities usually rise and fall in response to changes in interest rates. Declining interest rates generally increase the value of existing debt instruments, and rising interest rates generally decrease the value of existing debt instruments. Changes in a debt instrument’s value usually will not affect the amount of interest income paid to the Fund, but will affect the value of the Fund’s shares. Interest rate risk is generally greater for investments with longer maturities. Certain securities pay interest at variable or floating rates. Variable rate securities reset at specified intervals, while floating rate securities reset whenever there is a change in a specified index rate. In most cases, these reset provisions reduce the effect of changes in market interest rates on the value of the security. However, some securities do not track the underlying index directly, but reset based on formulas that can produce an effect similar to leveraging; others may also provide for interest payments that vary inversely with market rates. The market prices of these securities may fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. Some investments give the issuer the option to call or redeem an investment before its maturity date. If an issuer calls or redeems an investment during a time of declining interest rates, the Fund might have to reinvest the proceeds in an investment offering a lower yield, and therefore it might not benefit from any increase in value as a result of declining interest rates.

 

Issuer Risk. Changes in the financial condition of an issuer of or counterparty to a debt security, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular type of debt security or issuer, and changes in general economic or political conditions can increase the risk of default by an issuer or counterparty, which can affect a security’s or instrument’s credit quality or value. Entities providing credit support or a maturity-shortening structure also can be affected by these types of changes. If the structure of a security fails to function as intended, the security could decline in value. Lower-quality debt securities (those of less than investment-grade quality) tend to be particularly sensitive to these changes and involve greater risk of default or price changes due to changes in the credit quality of the issuer. Municipal securities backed by current or anticipated revenues from a specific project or specific assets can be negatively affected by the discontinuance of the taxation supporting the project or assets or the inability to collect revenues for the project or from the assets. If it is determined that an issuer of a municipal security has not complied with applicable requirements, the security could decline significantly in value.

 

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Loan Participation Risk. A loan participation agreement involves the purchase of a share of a loan made by a bank to a company in return for a corresponding share of borrower’s principal and interest payments. The principal credit risk associated with acquiring loan participation interests is the credit risk associated with the underlying corporate borrower. There is also a risk that there may not be a readily available market for loan participation interests and, in some cases, this could result in the Fund disposing of such securities at a substantial discount from face value or holding such securities until maturity.

 

Management Risk. The Sub-Advisor continuously evaluates the Fund’s holdings, purchases and sales with a view to achieving the Fund’s investment objective. However, the achievement of the stated investment objective cannot be guaranteed. The Sub-Advisor’s judgments about the markets, the economy, or companies may not anticipate actual market movements, economic conditions or company performance, and these judgments may affect the return on your investment. In fact, no matter how good a job the Sub-Advisor does, you could lose money on your investment in the Fund, just as you could with other investments. If the Sub-Advisor is incorrect in its assessment of the income, growth or price realization potential of the Fund’s holdings or incorrect in its assessment of general market or economic conditions, then the value of the Fund’s shares may decline.

 

Market Risk. Investments in securities in general are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to factors affecting securities or commodities markets generally, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions or changes in interest or currency rates, or particular countries, segments, economic sectors, industries or companies within those markets. Local, regional, or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the market generally and on specific securities. For example, since December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus has spread globally, which has resulted in the temporary closure of many corporate offices, retail stores, manufacturing facilities and factories, and other businesses across the world. As the extent of the impact on global markets from the coronavirus is difficult to predict, the extent to which the coronavirus may negatively affect the Fund’s performance or the duration of any potential business disruption is uncertain. Any potential impact on performance will depend to a large extent on future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of the coronavirus and the actions taken by authorities and other entities to contain the coronavirus or treat its impact.

 

Changes in market conditions and interest rates generally do not have the same impact on all types of securities and instruments. Fluctuations in the value of securities and financial instruments in which the Fund invests will cause the NAV of the Fund to fluctuate. Historically, the markets have moved in cycles, and the value of the Fund’s securities may fluctuate drastically from day to day. Because of its link to the markets, an investment in the Fund may be more suitable for long-term investors who can bear the risk of short-term principal fluctuations, which at times may be significant.

 

Mortgage-Backed and Asset-Backed Securities Risk. Mortgage-backed securities represent interests in pools of residential mortgage loans purchased from individual lenders by a federal agency or originated and issued by private lenders. Asset-backed securities represent interests in pools of underlying assets such as motor vehicle installment sales or installment loan contracts, leases of various types of real and personal property, and receivables from credit card agreements. The impairment of the value of collateral or other assets underlying a mortgage-backed or asset-backed security, such as that resulting from non-payment of loans, may result in a reduction in the value of such security and losses to the Fund. Early payoffs in the loans underlying such securities may result in the Fund receiving less income than originally anticipated. The variability in prepayments will tend to limit price gains when interest rates drop and exaggerate price declines when interest rates rise. In the event of high prepayments, the Fund may be required to invest proceeds at lower interest rates, causing the Fund to earn less than if the prepayments had not occurred. Conversely, rising interest rates may cause prepayments to occur at a slower than expected rate, which may effectively change a security that was considered short- or intermediate-term into a long-term security. Long-term securities tend to fluctuate in value more widely in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.

 

Municipal Market Volatility Risk. Municipal securities can be significantly affected by political changes as well as uncertainties in the municipal market related to taxation, legislative changes, or the rights of municipal security holders. Because many municipal securities are issued to finance similar projects, especially those relating to education, healthcare, transportation, and utilities, conditions in those sectors can affect the overall municipal market. Budgetary constraints of local, state, and federal governments upon which the issuers may be relying for funding may also impact municipal securities. In addition, changes in the financial condition of an individual municipal issuer can affect the overall municipal market, and market conditions may directly impact the liquidity and valuation of municipal securities.

 

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Trading Risk. Shares of the Fund may trade above or below their NAV. The NAV of shares will fluctuate with changes in the market value of the Fund’s holdings. The trading prices of shares will fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV, as well as market supply and demand. When the market price of the Fund’s shares deviates significantly from NAV, you may pay significantly more or receive significantly less than the underlying value of the Fund’s shares. However, given that shares can be created and redeemed only in Creation Units at NAV, the Advisor and Sub-Advisor do not believe that large discounts or premiums to NAV will exist for extended periods of time. Although the Fund’s shares are currently listed on the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for shares will develop or be maintained. In addition, trading in shares of the Fund may be halted because of market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in shares inadvisable.

 

U.S. Government Securities Risk. Obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies, authorities and instrumentalities and backed by the full faith and credit of the United States only guarantee principal and interest will be timely paid to holders of the securities. The entities do not guarantee that the value of the securities will increase and, in fact, the market values of such obligations may fluctuate. In addition, not all U.S. government securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States; some are the obligation solely of the entity through which they are issued. There is no guarantee that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to its agencies and instrumentalities if not required to do so by law.

 

OTHER INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES

 

Temporary Defensive Positions. To respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets, without limitation, in high-quality debt securities and money market instruments. The Fund may be invested in this manner for extended periods depending on the Sub-Advisor’s assessment of market conditions. Debt securities and money market instruments include shares of other mutual funds, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, U.S. government securities, repurchase agreements, and bonds that are rated BBB or higher. While the Fund is in a defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective. Furthermore, to the extent that the Fund invests in money market funds, the Fund would bear its pro rata portion of each such money market fund’s advisory fees and operational expenses.

 

Lending of Portfolio Securities. The Fund may lend portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial organizations that meet capital and other credit requirements or other criteria established by the Board. These loans, if and when made, may not exceed 331/3% of the total asset value of the Fund (including the loan collateral). Such loans may be terminated at any time. Any such loans must be continuously secured by collateral maintained on a current basis in an amount at least equal to the market value of the securities loaned by the Fund. In a loan transaction, as compensation for lending its securities, the Fund will receive a portion of the dividends or interest accrued on the securities held as collateral or, in the case of cash collateral, a portion of the income from the investment of such cash. In addition, the Fund will receive the amount of all dividends, interest and other distributions on the loaned securities. However, the borrower has the right to vote the loaned securities. The Fund will call loans to vote proxies if a material issue affecting the investment is to be voted upon. Loans are made only to borrowers that are deemed by the securities lending agent to be of good financial standing. Should the borrower of the securities fail financially, the Fund may experience delays in recovering the securities or exercising its rights in the collateral. In a loan transaction, the Fund will also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities acquired with cash collateral. The Fund will attempt to minimize this risk by limiting the investment of cash collateral to high quality instruments of short maturity.

 

Please see the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) for a more complete list of portfolio investment strategies, permitted investments and related risks.

 

PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of Fund portfolio securities is available (i) in the SAI and (ii) on the Trust’s website at www.advisorshares.com. The Fund’s daily portfolio holdings information also is available on the Trust’s website.

 

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MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

 

INVESTMENT ADVISOR

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC, located at 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, serves as investment advisor of the Fund. As of September 30, 2022, the Advisor had approximately $[ ] billion in assets under management.

 

The Advisor continuously reviews, supervises, and administers the Fund’s investment program. In particular, the Advisor provides investment and operational oversight of the Sub-Advisor. The Board supervises the Advisor and establishes policies that the Advisor must follow in its day-to-day management activities. Pursuant to an investment advisory agreement between the Trust and the Advisor, the Advisor is entitled to receive an annual advisory fee of 0.50% based on the average daily net assets of the Fund. The Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor out of the advisory fee it receives from the Fund. For the most recent fiscal year, the Fund paid the Advisor [ ]% after waivers based on its average daily net assets.

 

The Advisor bears all of its own costs associated with providing these advisory services and the expenses of the members of the Board who are affiliated with the Advisor. The Advisor may make payments from its own resources to broker-dealers and other financial institutions in connection with the sale of Fund shares.

 

The Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses in order to keep net expenses (excluding amounts payable pursuant to any plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1, interest expense, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and extraordinary expenses) from exceeding 0.75% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for at least one year from the date of this Prospectus. The expense limitation agreement may be terminated without payment of any penalty (i) by the Trust for any reason and at any time and (ii) by the Advisor, for any reason, upon ninety (90) days’ prior written notice to the Trust, such termination to be effective as of the close of business on the last day of the then-current one-year period. If at any point it becomes unnecessary for the Advisor to waive fees or reimburse expenses, the Board may permit the Advisor to retain the difference between the Fund’s total annual operating expenses and the expense limitation currently in effect, or, if lower, the expense limitation that was in effect at the time of the waiver and/or reimbursement, to recapture all or a portion of its prior fee waivers or expense reimbursements made during the immediately preceding three-year period.

 

Pursuant to an exemptive order from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), the Advisor, subject to certain conditions, has the right, without shareholder approval, to hire a new unaffiliated sub-advisor or materially amend the terms of a sub-advisory agreement with an unaffiliated sub-advisor when the Board and the Advisor believe that a change would benefit the Fund. The Prospectus will be supplemented when there is a significant change in the Fund’s sub-advisory arrangement.

 

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s most recent approval of the Fund’s investment advisory agreement is available in the Trust’s Annual Report to Shareholders dated June 30, 2022.

 

INVESTMENT SUB-ADVISOR

Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC dba Newfleet Asset Management, is located at One Financial Plaza, Hartford, Connecticut 06103. The Sub-Advisor serves as the sub-advisor to the Fund and as an investment advisor to various institutions and individuals. The Sub-Advisor’s predecessor entity, Newfleet Asset Management, LLC, had been an investment advisor since 1989 and the Sub-Advisor was formed in 2022. As of September 30, 2022, the Sub-Advisor had approximately $[ ] billion in assets under management.

 

The Sub-Advisor is responsible for selecting the Fund’s investments in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective, policies and restrictions. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Fund’s investment sub-advisory agreement is available in the Trust’s Annual Report to Shareholders dated June 30, 2022.

 

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PORTFOLIO MANAGERS

The following portfolio managers are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.

 

David L. Albrycht, CFA, President and Chief Investment Officer

Prior to joining the Sub-Advisor’s predecessor entity in 2011, Mr. Albrycht was executive managing director and senior portfolio manager of Goodwin Capital Advisors, Inc., a former investment subsidiary of Virtus Investment Partners. He has been a portfolio manager of the Virtus Newfleet Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund since 1993 and the Virtus Newfleet Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund since 1994. He has been co-manager of the Virtus Newfleet Senior Floating Rate Fund since 2008, Virtus Tactical Allocation Fund and Virtus Newfleet High Yield Fund since 2011 and Virtus Newfleet Core Plus Bond Fund and Virtus Newfleet Low Duration Core Plus Bond Fund since 2012. In addition, he co-manages two variable investment options and two closed-end funds, Virtus Total Return Fund Inc. (NYSE: ZF), and Virtus Global Multi-Sector Income Fund (NYSE: VGI). He also is a manager of Virtus Newfleet Multi-Sector Bond ETF (NFLT), Virtus Newfleet Dynamic Credit ETF (BLHY), and two offshore funds, the Virtus GF Multi-Sector Short Duration Bond Fund and Virtus GF Multi-Sector Income Fund.

 

Benjamin Caron, CFA, Senior Managing Director and Portfolio Manager

Prior to joining the Sub-Advisor’s predecessor entity in 2011, Mr. Caron was on the fixed income team at Goodwin Capital Advisers, a former Virtus investment management subsidiary. Mr. Caron is co-portfolio manager of the Virtus Newfleet Low Duration Core Plus Bond Fund, the closed-end Virtus Global Multi-Sector Income Fund (NYSE: VGI), and Virtus Newfleet Multi-Sector Bond ETF (NYSE: NFLT). He also assists in the management of the Virtus Newfleet Multi-Sector Short Term Bond Fund, Virtus Newfleet Multi-Sector Intermediate Bond Fund, Virtus Tactical Allocation Fund, two variable investment options, and the closed-end Virtus Total Return Fund Inc. (NYSE: ZF).

 

Additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers, and the portfolio managers’ ownership of securities in the Fund is available in the SAI.

 

OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS

Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) is the principal underwriter and distributor of the Fund’s shares. The Distributor’s principal address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101. The Distributor will not distribute shares in less than whole Creation Units, and it does not maintain a secondary market in the shares. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.. The Distributor is not affiliated with the Advisor, Sub-Advisor, The Bank of New York Mellon or any of their respective affiliates.

 

The Bank of New York Mellon, located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286, serves as the administrator, custodian, transfer agent and fund accounting agent for the Fund.

 

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, located at 1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20004, serves as legal counsel to the Trust.

 

[ ], located at [ ], serves as the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm. The independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing the annual financial statements of the Fund.

 

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

 

CALCULATING NET ASSET VALUE

The Fund calculates NAV by (i) taking the current market value of its total assets, (ii) subtracting any liabilities, and (iii) dividing that amount by the total number of shares owned by shareholders.

 

The Fund calculates NAV once each business day as of the regularly scheduled close of normal trading on the New York Stock Exchange, LLC (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time). The NYSE is typically closed on weekends and most national holidays.

 

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In calculating NAV, the Fund generally values its portfolio investments at market price. If market prices are unavailable or the Fund thinks that they are unreliable, or when the value of a portfolio holding has been materially affected by events occurring after the relevant market closes, the Fund will price those portfolio holdings at fair value as determined in good faith using methods approved by the Board. With respect to U.S.-traded securities with readily available pricing, it is expected that there would be limited circumstances in which the Fund would use fair value pricing – for example, if the exchange on which a portfolio security is principally traded closed early or if trading in a particular security was halted during the day and did not resume prior to the time the Fund calculated its NAV.

 

The use of fair valuation in pricing a portfolio holding involves the consideration of a number of subjective factors and, therefore, is susceptible to the unavoidable risk that the valuation may be higher or lower than the price at which the portfolio holding might actually trade if a reliable market price were readily available.

 

More information about the valuation of the Fund’s holdings can be found in the SAI.

 

PREMIUM/DISCOUNT AND BID-ASK SPREAD INFORMATION

The price of the Fund’s shares is based on market price, which may differ from the Fund’s daily NAV per share and can be affected by market forces of supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. Information showing the number of days that the market price of the Fund’s shares was greater than the Fund’s NAV per share (i.e., at a premium) and the number of days it was less than the Fund’s NAV per share (i.e., at a discount) for various time periods is available by visiting the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com. Also available on the Fund’s website is information about bid-ask spreads.

 

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

The Fund pays out dividends and distributes its net capital gains, if any, to shareholders at least annually.

 

ACTIVE INVESTORS AND MARKET TIMING

Shares of the Fund are listed for trading on the Exchange, which allows retail investors to purchase and sell individual shares at market prices throughout the trading day similar to other publicly traded securities. Because these secondary market trades do not involve the Fund directly, it is unlikely that secondary market trading would cause any harmful effects of market timing, such as dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the Fund’s trading costs or realization of capital gains. The Board has determined not to adopt policies and procedures designed to prevent or monitor for frequent purchases and redemptions of the Fund’s shares because the Fund sells and redeems its shares at NAV only in Creation Units pursuant to the terms of a participant agreement between the Distributor and an authorized participant, principally in exchange for a specified amount of cash totaling the NAV of the Creation Units.    The Fund also imposes transaction fees on such Creation Unit transactions that are designed to offset the Fund’s transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of the Creation Unit shares.

 

BOOK-ENTRY

Shares of the Fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of the Fund and is recognized as the owner of all shares.

 

Investors owning shares of the Fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all shares. Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants (e.g., broker-dealers, banks, trust companies, or clearing companies). These procedures are the same as those that apply to any stocks that you hold in book-entry or “street name” through your brokerage account.

 

INVESTING IN THE FUND

For more information on how to buy and sell shares of the Fund, call the Trust at 877.843.3831 or visit the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com.

 

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DISTRIBUTION PLAN

 

The Fund has adopted a Distribution Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 that allows the Fund to pay distribution fees to the Distributor and other firms that provide distribution services. The Fund will pay distribution fees to the Distributor at an annual rate not to exceed 0.25% of its average daily net assets. If a service provider provides distribution services, the Distributor will pay the service provider out of its distribution fees.

 

No distribution fees are currently charged to the Fund; there are no plans to impose distribution fees, and no distribution fees will be charged for at least one year from the date of this Prospectus. However, to the extent distribution fees are charged in the future, because the Fund would pay these fees out of assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees may cost you more than other types of sales charges and would increase the cost of your investment. At such time as distribution fees are charged, the Fund will notify investors by adding disclosure to the Fund’s website and in the Fund’s Prospectus. Any distribution fees will be approved by the Board.

 

ADDITIONAL TAX INFORMATION [To Be Updated]

 

The following is a summary of some important tax issues that affect the Fund and its shareholders. The summary is based on current tax law, which may be changed by legislative, judicial or administrative action. The summary is very general, and does not address investors subject to special rules, such as investors who hold shares through an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged account. More information about taxes is located in the SAI.

 

You are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding specific questions as to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes.

 

Tax Status of the Fund

The Fund is treated as a separate entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes and has elected and intends to qualify for the special tax treatment afforded to a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”). As long as the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC, it pays no federal income tax on the earnings it timely distributes to shareholders. However, the Fund’s failure to qualify as a RIC or to meet minimum distribution requirements would result (if certain relief provisions were not available) in fund-level taxation and, consequently, a reduction in income available for distribution to shareholders.

 

Unless you are a tax-exempt entity or your investment in Fund shares is made through a tax-deferred retirement account, such as an IRA, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when:

 

the Fund makes distributions;

 

you sell Fund shares; and

 

you purchase or redeem Creation Units (authorized participants only).

 

Tax Status of Distributions

 

  The Fund intends to distribute, at least annually, substantially all of its net investment income and net capital gains income.

 

  The Fund’s distributions from income and net short-term capital gains will generally be taxed to you as ordinary income. For non-corporate shareholders, dividends reported by the Fund as qualified dividend income are generally eligible for reduced tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided holding period and other requirements are met. Qualified dividend income generally is income derived from dividends paid by U.S. corporations or certain foreign corporations that are either incorporated in a U.S. possession or eligible for tax benefits under certain U.S. income tax treaties. In addition, dividends that the Fund receives in respect of stock of certain foreign corporations may be qualified dividend income if that stock is readily tradable on an established U.S. securities market. For such dividends to be taxed as qualified dividend income to a non-corporate shareholder, the Fund must satisfy certain holding period requirements with respect to the underlying stock and the non-corporate shareholder must satisfy holding period requirements with respect to his or her ownership of the Fund’s shares. Holding periods may be suspended for these purposes for stock that is hedged. The Fund’s investment strategies will significantly limit its ability to distribute dividends eligible for treatment as qualified dividend income.

 

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Corporate shareholders may be entitled to a dividends received deduction for the portion of dividends they receive that are attributable to dividends received by the Fund (directly or in some cases indirectly) from U.S. corporations, subject to certain limitations. The Fund’s investment strategies will significantly limit its ability to distribute dividends eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.  

 

  Taxes on distributions of capital gains (if any) are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned their shares. Sales of assets held by the Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by the Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions from the Fund’s short-term capital gains are generally taxable as ordinary income. Any distributions of net capital gain (the excess of the Fund’s net long-term capital gains over its net short-term capital losses) that you receive from the Fund generally are taxable as long-term capital gains regardless of how long you have owned your shares. Long-term capital gains are taxed to non-corporate shareholders at reduced tax rates.

 

  Although the Fund may invest in municipal bonds (the interest upon which would be exempt from U.S. federal income tax if received by shareholders directly), Fund distributions attributable to that interest are not expected to be exempt from U.S. federal income tax.
     
  Dividends and distributions are generally taxable to you whether you receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares.

 

  In general, your distributions are subject to federal income tax for the year in which they are paid. However, distributions paid in January but declared by the Fund in October, November or December of the previous year may be taxable to you in the previous year.
     
  Under recently issued final Treasury Regulations, a RIC that receives business interest income may pass through its net business interest income for purposes of the tax rules applicable to the interest expense limitations under Section 163(j) of the Internal Revenue Code. A RIC’s total “Section 163(j) Interest Dividend” for a tax year is limited to the excess of the RIC’s business interest income over the sum of its business interest expense and its other deductions properly allocable to its business interest income. A RIC may, in its discretion, designate all or a portion of ordinary dividends as Section 163(j) Interest Dividends, which would allow the recipient shareholder to treat the designated portion of such dividends as interest income for purposes of determining such shareholder’s interest expense deduction limitation under Section 163(j). This can potentially increase the amount of a shareholder’s interest expense deductible under Section 163(j). In general, to be eligible to treat a Section 163(j) Interest Dividend as interest income, you must have held your shares in the Fund for more than 180 days during the 361-day period beginning on the date that is 180 days before the date on which the share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend. Section 163(j) Interest Dividends, if so designated by the Fund, will be reported to your financial intermediary or otherwise in accordance with the requirements specified by the Internal Revenue Service.

 

 

Shortly after the close of each calendar year, the Fund (or your broker) will inform you of the amount of your ordinary income dividends and net capital gain distributions received from the Fund.
     
  You may wish to avoid investing in the Fund shortly before a dividend or other distribution, because such a distribution will generally be taxable even though it may economically represent a return of a portion of your investment.

 

Taxes on Exchange-Listed Share Sales

Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of shares is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one year or less, except that any capital loss on the sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of amounts treated as distributions of long-term capital gains to the shareholder with respect to such shares. Any loss realized on a sale will be disallowed to the extent shares of the Fund are acquired, including through reinvestment of dividends, within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of Fund shares. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.

 

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Foreign Taxes

Dividends, interest, and other income received by the Fund with respect to foreign securities may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. The Fund may need to file special claims for refunds to secure the benefits of a reduced rate.

 

Net Investment Income Tax

U.S. individuals with income exceeding certain thresholds are subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” including interest, dividends, and certain capital gains (generally including capital gain distributions and capital gains realized on the sale or exchange of shares). This 3.8% tax also applies to all or a portion of the undistributed net investment income of certain shareholders that are estates and trusts.

 

Non-U.S. Investors

If you are not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States, the Fund’s ordinary income dividends will generally be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies or unless such income is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. The 30% withholding tax generally will not apply to distributions of net capital gain. The Fund may, under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met. Short-term capital gain dividends received by a nonresident alien individual who is present in the U.S. for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year are not exempt from this 30% withholding tax. Different tax consequences may result if you are a foreign shareholder engaged in a trade or business within the United States or if you are a foreign shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of a tax treaty.

 

Backup Withholding

The Fund will be required in certain cases to withhold (as “backup withholding”) on amounts payable to any shareholder who (1) has provided the Fund either an incorrect tax identification number or no number at all, (2) is subject to backup withholding by the Internal Revenue Service for failure to properly report payments of interest or dividends, (3) has failed to certify to the Fund that such shareholder is not subject to backup withholding, or (4) has not certified that such shareholder is a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident alien). The backup withholding rate is 24%. Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to the 30% withholding tax applicable to shareholders who are neither citizens nor residents of the United States.

 

Taxes on Creation and Redemption of Creation Units

An authorized participant who purchases a Creation Unit by exchanging securities in-kind generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (a) the sum of the market value of the Creation Units at the time and any net cash received, and (b) the sum of the purchaser’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and any net cash paid for the Creation Units. An authorized participant who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (x) the sum of the redeemer’s basis in the Creation Units and any net cash paid, and (y) the sum of the aggregate market value of the securities received and any net cash received. The Internal Revenue Service, however, may assert that a loss that is realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units may not be currently deducted under the rules governing “wash sales” by an authorized participant that does not mark-to-market its holdings, or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. Authorized participants should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether wash sales rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.

 

The Fund has the right to reject an order for Creation Units if the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund and if, pursuant to section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code, the Fund would have a basis in the deposit securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Fund also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. If the Fund does issue Creation Units to a purchaser (or a group of purchasers) that would, upon obtaining the Creation Units so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund, the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) will not recognize gain or loss upon the exchange of securities for Creation Units.

 

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The Fund may include cash when paying the redemption price for Creation Units in addition to, or in place of, the delivery of a basket of securities. The Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize investment income and/or capital gains or losses that it might not have recognized if it had completely satisfied the redemption in-kind. As a result, the Fund may be less tax efficient if it includes such a cash payment than if the in-kind redemption process was used.

 

Persons exchanging securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction. If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many Fund shares you purchased or redeemed and at what price.

 

The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the consequences under current federal tax law of an investment in the Fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences to you of an investment in the Fund under all tax laws applicable to you.

 

More information about taxes is in the SAI.

 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance for the past five years. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost, on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been derived from the financial statements audited by [ ], an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the Fund’s financial statements, are included in the Fund’s Annual Report, which is available upon request.

 

18

 

 

ADVISORSHARES TRUST — Financial Highlights

 

 

    Years Ended June 30,  
AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF   2022     2021     2020     2019     2018  
Selected Data for a Share of Capital Stock Outstanding                                        
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Year/Period   $ [  ]     $ 48.14     $ 48.44     $ 47.86     $ 48.68  
Investment Operations                                        
Net Investment Income(1)     [  ]       0.78       1.21       1.35       1.05  
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)     [  ]     0.83       (0.22 )     0.65       (0.62 )
Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Investment Operations(2)     [  ]     1.61       0.99       2.00       0.43  
Distributions from Net Investment Income     [  ]     (0.90 )     (1.29 )     (1.42 )     (1.25 )
Total Distributions     [  ]     (0.90 )     (1.29 )     (1.42 )     (1.25 )
Net Asset Value, End of Year/Period   $ [  ]     $ 48.85     $ 48.14     $ 48.44     $ 47.86  
Market Value, End of Year/Period   $ [  ]     $ 48.83     $ 48.17     $ 48.38     $ 47.79  
Total Return                                        
Total Investment Return Based on Net Asset Value(3)     [  ] %     3.36 %     2.10 %     4.27 %     0.87 %
Total Investment Return Based on Market(3)     [  ] %     3.27 %     2.28 %     4.29 %     0.70 %
Ratios/Supplemental Data                                        
Net Assets, End of Year/Period (000’s omitted)   $ [  ]     $ 96,959     $ 57,767     $ 75,080     $ 155,529  
Ratio to Average Net Assets of:                                        
Expenses, net of expense waivers and reimbursements(4)     [  ] %     0.75 %     0.75 %     0.75 %     0.75 %
Expenses, prior to expense waivers and reimbursements(4)     [  ] %     0.78 %     0.82 %     0.96 %     0.84 %
Net Investment Income(4)     [  ] %     1.61 %     2.51 %     2.81 %     2.17 %
Portfolio Turnover Rate(5)     [  ] %     95 %     63 %     40 %     66 %

 

 

(1)Based on average shares outstanding.
(2)The amount shown for a share distribution throughout the period may not correlate with the Statement of Operations for the period due to the timing of sales and repurchases of Fund Shares in relation to income earned and/or fluctuating fair value of the investments of the Fund.
(3)Net asset value total investment return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions on ex-date, if any, at net asset value during the period, and redemption on the last day of the period. Periods less than one year are not annualized. Market value total return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the market value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at market value during the period on pay date, and sale at the market value on the last day of the period.
(4)Ratios of periods of less than one year have been annualized. Excludes expenses incurred by the underlying investments in other funds.
(5)Portfolio turnover rate is not annualized and excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as in-kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s capital shares.

 

19

 

 

ADVISORSHARES NEWFLEET MULTI-SECTOR INCOME ETF

 

Advisor

 

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC

4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

 

Sub-Advisor

 

Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC
dba Newfleet Asset Management

One Financial Plaza

Hartford, Connecticut 06103

 

Distributor

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100

Portland, Maine 04101

 

Legal Counsel

 

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP

1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20004

 

Administrator, Custodian &

Transfer Agent

 

The Bank of New York Mellon

240 Greenwich Street

New York, New York 10286

 

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

Additional and more detailed information about the Fund is included in the Fund’s SAI. The SAI has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and, therefore, legally forms a part of this Prospectus. The SEC maintains the EDGAR database on its website (http://www.sec.gov), which contains the SAI, material incorporated by reference, and other information about the Fund. You may request documents from the SEC, upon payment of a duplication fee, by emailing the SEC at publicinfo@sec.gov.

 

You may obtain a copy of the SAI and the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports without charge by calling 877.843.3831, visiting the website at www.advisorshares.com, or writing to the Trust at 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Additional information about the Fund’s investments is available in the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports. Also in the Fund’s Annual Report is a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during the last fiscal year.

 

No one has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations not contained in this Prospectus or in the SAI in connection with the offering of Fund shares. Do not rely on any such information or representations as having been authorized by the Fund. This Prospectus does not constitute an offering by the Fund in any jurisdiction where such an offering is not lawful.

 

The Trust’s SEC Investment Company Act File Number is 811-22110.

 

20

 

 

 

 

NYSE Arca Ticker: YOLO

 

Managed by:

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC

 

ADVISORSHARES TRUST

4800 Montgomery Lane ● Suite 150

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

www.advisorshares.com

877.843.3831

 

Prospectus dated November 1, 2022

 

This Prospectus provides important information about the AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, a series of AdvisorShares Trust. Before you invest, please read this Prospectus and the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information carefully and keep them for future reference.

 

The shares of the Fund have not been approved or disapproved by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor has the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

FUND SUMMARY   1
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE   1
FUND FEES AND EXPENSES   1
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER   2
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES   2
PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND   3
FUND PERFORMANCE   6
MANAGEMENT   8
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES   8
TAX INFORMATION   8
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES   8
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRUST AND THE FUND   9
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE   9
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES   9
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND   9
OTHER INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES   15
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS   15
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND   15
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION   17
DISTRIBUTION PLAN   18
ADDITIONAL TAX INFORMATION   18
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS   21
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION   23

 

i

 

 

ADVISORSHARES PURE CANNABIS ETF

NYSE Arca Ticker: YOLO

 

FUND SUMMARY

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

 

 

The AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF (the “Fund”) seeks long-term capital appreciation.

 

FUND FEES AND EXPENSES

 

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table below.

 

SHAREHOLDER FEES (fees paid directly from your investment)   None  
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)  
MANAGEMENT FEES(a)     0.60 %
DISTRIBUTION (12b-1) FEES     0.00 %
OTHER EXPENSES     [   ] %
ACQUIRED FUND FEES AND EXPENSES(b)     [   ] %
TOTAL ANNUAL OPERATING EXPENSES     [   ] %
FEE/EXPENSE RECAPTURE(c)     [   ] %
TOTAL ANNUAL OPERATING EXPENSES AFTER RECAPTURE     [   ] %

 

(a) AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (the “Advisor”) has contractually agreed to waive from the Fund’s advisory fee the amount of the AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF’s advisory fee so that the Fund does not pay its advisory fee to the Advisor while indirectly paying a portion of the AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF’s advisory fee to the Advisor.

 

(b) Total Annual Operating Expenses and Total Annual Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement in this fee table may not correlate to the expense ratios in the Fund’s financial highlights (and the Fund’s financial statements) because the financial highlights include only the Fund’s direct operating expenses and do not include Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, which represent the Fund’s pro rata share of the fees and expenses of money market funds in which it invested.

 

(c) The Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses to keep net expenses (excluding amounts payable pursuant to any plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1, interest expense, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and extraordinary expenses) from exceeding 0.74% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for at least one year from the date of this Prospectus. The expense limitation agreement may be terminated without payment of any penalty (i) by the Trust for any reason and at any time and (ii) by the Advisor, for any reason, upon ninety (90) days’ prior written notice to the Trust, such termination to be effective as of the close of business on the last day of the then-current one-year period. If it becomes unnecessary for the Advisor to waive fees or reimburse expenses, the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) may permit the Advisor to retain the difference between the Fund’s total annual operating expenses and the expense limitation currently in effect, or, if lower, the expense limitation that was in effect at the time of the waiver and/or reimbursement, to recapture all or a portion of its prior fee waivers or expense reimbursements within three years of the date they were waived or reimbursed.

 

1

 

 

EXAMPLE

 

This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the shares of the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This Example does not take into account brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries that you may pay when purchasing or selling shares of the Fund. If these fees were included, your costs would be higher.

 

The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

    1 YEAR   3 YEARS   5 YEARS   10 YEARS
AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF   $[ ]   $[ ]   $[ ]   $[ ]

 

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Total Annual Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. This rate excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s shares. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was [ ]% of the average value of its portfolio.

 

PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of companies that derive at least 50% of their net revenue from the marijuana and hemp business and in derivatives or other instruments that have economic characteristics similar to such securities. The Fund primarily invests in (i) exchange-listed equity securities, including common and preferred stock, of mid- and small-capitalization companies, (ii) total return swaps intended to provide exposure to such U.S. and foreign securities, and (iii) an affiliated ETF that invests in such securities in the U.S. market and in total return swaps intended to provide exposure to such securities. The Advisor also may seek investment opportunities through initial public offerings (“IPOs”).

 

In addition to its investment in securities of companies that derive a significant portion of their revenue from the marijuana and hemp business and in derivatives providing exposure to such securities, the Fund may invest in securities of companies that, in the opinion of the Advisor, may have current or future revenues from cannabis-related business or that are registered with the Drug Enforcement Agency (“DEA”) specifically for the purpose of handling marijuana for lawful research and development of cannabis or cannabinoid-related products.

 

Cannabis securities may be categorized among a wide variety of sectors and industries including agriculture, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, real estate, retail, and finance. The types of companies that may engage in cannabis-related business include companies that conduct medical research, produce drug products, manufacture hemp products, or engage in agricultural activities, real estate activities, or financial services activities. The terms “marijuana” and “cannabis” are used interchangeably. Hemp refers to the industrial/commercial use of the cannabis stalk and seed for textiles, foods, papers, body care products, detergents, plastics and building materials. Cannabinoids are the chemical compounds secreted by cannabis plants. Cannabinoids can also be synthetically produced chemical compounds and used in lawful research and development of prescription drugs or other products utilizing cannabinoids as an active ingredient. The Advisor believes that continued legislative changes and social acceptance of cannabis in its various formats could lead to significant growth in cannabis-related public corporations. Companies involved in cannabis-related business could also benefit from significant merger and acquisition activity as the cannabis market matures. The Fund will not invest directly in or hold ownership in any companies that engage in cannabis-related business unless permitted by national and local laws of the relevant jurisdiction, including U.S. federal and state laws.

 

2

 

 

The Fund will concentrate at least 25% of its investments in the Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences Industry Group within the Health Care Sector. The Fund is non-diversified and may invest a greater percentage of its assets in a particular issuer than a diversified fund. On a day-to-day basis, the Fund may hold money market instruments, cash, other cash equivalents, and exchange traded products that invest in these and other highly liquid instruments to collateralize its derivative positions.

 

The Advisor may use a variety of methods for security selection. As the Fund primarily focuses on certain industries, the Advisor intends to select companies with dominant positions in their respective markets, or those in unique positions for growth and expansion. The Advisor will utilize numerous outside analyst ratings and stock selection rating tools. In addition, the Advisor may invest the Fund’s assets in lesser-known companies that the Advisor believes have a unique opportunity for growth. At times, the Advisor may aim to buy certain out-of-favor stocks believed to be at prices below their future potential value, as measured by the Advisor or outside analysts. The Fund may sell a security when the Advisor believes that the security is overvalued or better investment opportunities are available, or to limit position size within the Fund’s portfolio. In addition, the Fund may lend portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial organizations that meet capital and other credit requirements or certain other criteria. In connection with its securities lending activities, the Fund may invest in repurchase agreements.

 

PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND

 

The Fund is subject to a number of risks, described below, that may affect the value of its shares, including the possible loss of money. As with any fund, there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

 

Cannabis-Related Company Risk. Cannabis-related companies are subject to various laws and regulations that may differ at the state/local and federal level. These laws and regulations may significantly affect a cannabis-related company’s ability to secure financing, impact the market for marijuana business sales and services, and set limitations on marijuana use, production, transportation, and storage. In addition to regulatory action, litigation initiated by private citizens or companies could have a negative impact on the financial and/or operational status of cannabis-related companies. Cannabis-related companies may also be required to secure permits and authorizations from government agencies to cultivate or research marijuana. In addition, cannabis-related companies are subject to the risks associated with the agricultural, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical industries.

 

U.S. Regulation of Marijuana. Although the medical use of marijuana is legal in more than half of the states, as well as the District of Columbia, and non-medical use of marijuana is legal in an increasing number of states and the District of Columbia, the possession and use of marijuana remains illegal under U.S. federal law. Actions by federal regulatory agencies, such as increased enforcement of federal marijuana laws and the prosecution of nonviolent federal drug crimes, by the Department of Justice (“DOJ”), could produce a chilling effect on the industry’s growth and discourage banks from expanding their services to cannabis-related companies where such services are currently limited. This conflict between the regulation of marijuana under federal and state law creates volatility and risk for all cannabis-related companies. Because marijuana is a Schedule I controlled substance, no drug product containing cannabis or cannabis extracts has been approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”), nor has such a product obtained registration from the DEA for commercial production. Further, there is no guarantee that such products will ever be legally produced or sold in the U.S. Cannabis-related companies in the U.S. that engage in medical or pharmaceutical research or the production and distribution of controlled substances such as marijuana must be registered with the DEA to perform such activities and have the security, control, recordkeeping, reporting and inventory mechanisms required by the DEA to prevent drug loss and diversion. With respect to cannabis-related companies and vendors servicing such companies, the Fund will not make direct investments in the securities of companies that grow, sell, distribute, transport, or handle cannabis unless they are registered with the DEA or otherwise in compliance with U.S. federal regulations, thus allowing them to legally handle the product. In addition, because cannabis is a Schedule I controlled substance, Section 280E of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”) applies by its terms to the purchase and sale of medical-use cannabis products and provides that no deduction or credit is allowed for expenses incurred during a taxable year “in carrying on any trade or business if such trade or business (or the activities which comprise such trade or business) consists of trafficking in controlled substances (within the meaning of Schedules I and II of the Controlled Substances Act (“CSA”)) which is prohibited by federal law or the law of any state in which such trade or business is conducted.” The disallowance of such tax deductions will likely affect the value of cannabis-related companies. All of these factors and others may prevent cannabis-related companies from becoming profitable, which may materially reduce the value of certain Fund investments.

 

3

 

 

Non-U.S. Regulation of Marijuana. Laws and regulations related to the possession, use (medical or recreational), sale, transport and cultivation of marijuana vary throughout the world, and the Fund will only invest in non-U.S. cannabis-related companies if such companies are operating legally in the relevant jurisdiction. These laws and regulations are subject to change and may have a significant impact on the operations of a cannabis-related company. Such operations may be legal under current law, but may be illegal in the future if the applicable law changes to prohibit marijuana-related activities vital to the company’s business.

 

Counterparty Risk. The Fund may invest in financial instruments involving counterparties that attempt to gain exposure to a particular group of securities, index or asset class without actually purchasing those securities or investments, or to hedge a position. The Fund’s use of such financial instruments, including swap agreements and structured notes, involves risks that are different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. For example, if a swap agreement counterparty defaults on its payment obligations to the Fund, this default will cause the value of your investment in the Fund to decrease.

 

Derivatives Risk. Derivatives may be riskier than other types of investments because they may be more sensitive to changes in economic or market conditions than other types of investments and could result in losses that significantly exceed the Fund’s original investment. A derivative is a financial contract the value of which depends on, or is derived from, the value of a financial asset (such as stock, bond or currency), a physical asset (such as gold), or a market index (such as the S&P 500 Index). Many derivatives create leverage thereby causing the Fund to be more volatile than it would be if it had not invested in derivatives. Derivatives, such as total return swaps, also expose the Fund to counterparty risk (the risk that the derivative counterparty will not fulfill its contractual obligations) and to credit risk (the risk that a counterparty is or is perceived to be unwilling or unable to make timely payments or otherwise meet its contractual obligations).

 

Swap Agreements Risk. Swap agreements are contracts among the Fund and a counterparty to exchange the return of the pre-determined underlying investment (such as the rate of return of the underlying index). Swap agreements may be negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between two parties or, for certain standardized swaps, must be exchange-traded through a futures commission merchant and/or cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty. Risks associated with the use of swap agreements are different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions, due in part to the fact they could be considered illiquid and many swaps trade on the OTC market. Swaps are particularly subject to counterparty credit, correlation, valuation, liquidity and leveraging risks. While exchange trading and central clearing are intended to reduce counterparty credit risk and increase liquidity, they do not make swap transactions risk-free. Additionally, applicable regulators have adopted rules imposing certain margin requirements, including minimums, on OTC swaps, which may result in the Fund and its counterparties posting higher margin amounts for OTC swaps, which could increase the cost of swap transactions to the Fund and impose added operational complexity

 

Canada Risk. The Canadian economy is susceptible to adverse changes in certain commodities markets, including those related to the agricultural and mining industries. It is also heavily dependent on trading with key partners. Any reduction in this trading may adversely affect the Canadian economy.

 

Equity Risk. The prices of equity securities rise and fall daily. These price movements may result from factors affecting individual issuers, industries or the stock market as a whole. In addition, equity markets tend to move in cycles which may cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of time. 

 

4

 

 

ETF Investment Risk. Through its investments in an affiliated ETF, the Fund is subject to the risks associated with the ETF’s investments, including the possibility that the value of the securities held by the underlying ETF could decrease. These risks include any combination of the risks described in this section (other than the foreign investment risk). Moreover, when the Fund invests in the ETF, in addition to directly bearing the expenses associated with its own operations, the Fund will bear the applicable pro rata portion of the ETF’s expenses.

 

ETF Market Risk. In stressed market conditions, the market for certain ETF shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the ETF’s underlying portfolio holdings. This adverse effect on liquidity for the ETF’s shares in turn can lead to differences between the market price of the ETF’s shares and the underlying value of those shares. In addition, there are a limited number of institutions that act as authorized participants. If these institutions exit the business or are, for any reason, unable to process creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund, or purchase and sell securities in connection with creation and/or redemption orders, as applicable, and no other authorized participant steps forward to create or redeem, or purchase or sell securities, as applicable, Fund shares may trade at a premium or discount to their net asset value (“NAV”) and possibly face operational issues such as trading halts and/or delisting. The absence of an active market in the Fund’s shares could lead to a heightened risk of differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those shares.

 

Foreign Investment Risk. The Fund’s investments in securities of foreign issuers, may involve certain risks that are greater than those associated with investments in securities of U.S. issuers. These include risks of adverse changes in foreign economic, political, regulatory and other conditions; changes in currency exchange rates or exchange control regulations (including limitations on currency movements and exchanges); differing accounting, auditing, financial reporting and legal standards and practices; differing securities market structures; and higher transaction costs. In addition, the securities of some foreign companies may be less liquid and, at times, more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies.

 

Growth Investing Risk. Growth stocks can be volatile for several reasons. Since those companies usually invest a high portion of earnings in their businesses, they may lack the dividends of value stocks that can cushion stock prices in a falling market. The prices of growth stocks are based largely on projections of the issuer’s future earnings and revenues. If a company’s earnings or revenues fall short of expectations, its stock price may fall dramatically.

 

Health Care Sector Risk. Companies in the Health Care Sector are subject to extensive government regulation and their profitability can be significantly affected by restrictions on government reimbursement for medical expenses, rising costs of medical products and services, pricing pressure (including price discounting), limited product lines, litigation, obsolescence of technology and an increased emphasis on the delivery of health care through outpatient services.

 

Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences Industry Group Risk. The Fund will concentrate at least 25% of its investments in the Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences Industry Group within the Health Care Sector. The business operations and profitability of companies in the Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences Industry Group can be significantly affected by, among other things, government approval of products and services, government regulation and reimbursement rates, product liability claims, patent expirations and protection, and intense competition.

 

IPO Risk. The Fund may at times have the opportunity to invest in securities offered in IPOs. The market value of IPO shares can have significant volatility due to factors such as the absence of a prior public market, unseasoned trading, a small number of shares available for trading and limited information about the issuer. The purchase of IPO shares may involve high transaction costs and the Fund may lose money on an investment in such securities.

 

Management Risk. The Advisor continuously evaluates the Fund’s holdings, purchases and sales with a view to achieving the Fund’s investment objective. However, achievement of the stated investment objective cannot be guaranteed. The Advisor’s judgment about the markets, the economy, or companies may not anticipate actual market movements, economic conditions or company performance, and these factors may affect the return on your investment.

 

Market Risk. Due to market conditions, the value of the Fund’s investments may fluctuate significantly from day to day. Price fluctuations may be temporary or may last for extended periods. This volatility may cause the value of your investment in the Fund to decrease. Local, regional, or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the market generally and on specific securities. The market value of a security may also decline because of factors that affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an industry. Because of its link to the markets, an investment in the Fund may be more suitable for long-term investors who can bear the risk of short-term principal fluctuations, which at times may be significant.

 

Mid-Capitalization Company Risk. Mid-cap companies may be more volatile and more likely than large-cap companies to have limited product lines, markets, or financial resources, and to depend on a few key employees. Returns on investments in stocks of mid-cap companies could trail the returns on investments in stocks of large-cap companies or the equity market as a whole.

 

5

 

 

Non-Diversification Risk. As a non-diversified fund under the federal securities laws, the Fund may invest a greater percentage of its assets in a particular issuer and hold a smaller number of portfolio securities; therefore, the value of the Fund’s shares may be more volatile than the value of shares of more diversified funds.

 

Real Estate Investment Trust Risk. Investment in real estate companies, including real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), exposes the Fund to the risks of owning real estate directly. Real estate is highly sensitive to general and local economic conditions and developments. The U.S. real estate market may experience and has, in the past, experienced a decline in value, with certain regions experiencing significant losses in property values. Many real estate companies, including REITs, utilize leverage (and some may be highly leveraged), which increases investment risk and the risk normally associated with debt financing, and could potentially increase the Fund’s volatility and losses. Exposure to such real estate may adversely affect Fund performance. Further, REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills, and their investments may be concentrated in relatively few properties, or in a small geographic area or a single property type. REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency and, as a result, are particularly reliant on the proper functioning of capital markets. A variety of economic and other factors may adversely affect a lessee’s ability to meet its obligations to a REIT. In the event of a default by a lessee, the REIT may experience delays in enforcing its rights as a lessor and may incur substantial costs associated in protecting its investments. In addition, a REIT could fail to qualify for favorable regulatory treatment.

 

Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Fund will be subject to credit risk with respect to the counterparties with which the Fund enters into repurchase agreements, including with respect to recovering or realizing on collateral.

 

Small- and Micro-Capitalization Company Risk. Security prices of small-cap companies may be more volatile than those of larger companies and therefore the Fund’s share price may be more volatile than those of funds that invest a larger percentage of their assets in securities issued by larger-cap companies. These risks are even greater for micro-cap companies.

 

Trading Risk. Shares of the Fund may trade above or below their NAV. The trading price of the Fund’s shares may deviate significantly from their NAV during periods of market volatility and, in such instances, you may pay significantly more or receive significantly less than the underlying value of the Fund’s shares. There can be no assurance that an active trading market for the Fund’s shares will develop or be maintained. In addition, trading in shares of the Fund may be halted because of market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”), make trading in shares inadvisable.

 

FUND PERFORMANCE

 

The bar chart and table that follow show how the Fund has performed on a calendar year basis and provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The table also shows how the Fund’s performance compares to the S&P 500 Index, which is a broad-based, unmanaged measurement of changes in stock market conditions based on the average of 500 widely held common stocks. Both the bar chart and the table assume the reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. Past performance (before and after taxes) does not necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future.

 

Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com.

 

6

 

 

Calendar Year Total Returns [To Be Updated]

 

 

The Fund’s year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2022 was [ ]%.

 

Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)

    Return   Quarter/Year
Highest Return   [   ]%   [   ]
Lowest Return   [   ]%   [   ]

 

AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS FOR THE PERIODS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021

ADVISORSHARES PURE CANNABIS ETF   1 Year  

Since Inception

(4/17/2019)

Return Before Taxes Based on NAV   [   ]%   [   ]%
Return After Taxes on Distributions   [   ]%   [   ]%
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares   [   ]%   [   ]%
S&P 500 Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)   [   ]%   [   ]%

 

After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown and are not relevant if you hold your shares through tax-advantaged arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases, the return after taxes may exceed the return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of Fund shares at the end of the measurement period.

 

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MANAGEMENT

 

Name   Title
AdvisorShares Investments, LLC  

Advisor

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGER

 

Name and Title   Length of Service with the Advisor

Dan S. Ahrens, Managing Director, Chief Operating Officer & Portfolio Manager

 

since November 2008

 

PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES

 

The Fund issues and redeems shares on a continuous basis at NAV only in a large specified number of shares called a “Creation Unit.” Only institutional investors that are acting as the Fund’s authorized participants (typically broker-dealers) may purchase or redeem Creation Units. A Creation Unit transaction generally is conducted in exchange for a basket of securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund along with a specified amount of cash.

 

Individual Fund shares may only be purchased and sold in secondary market transactions through brokers. The shares of the Fund are listed on the Exchange and, because shares trade at market price rather than at NAV, shares may trade at a value greater than (premium) or less than (discount) NAV. When buying or selling shares in the secondary market, you may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the Fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the Fund (ask) (the “bid-ask spread”). Recent information regarding the Fund’s NAV, market price, premiums and discounts, and bid-ask spreads will be available on the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com.

 

TAX INFORMATION

 

The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income, qualified dividend income or capital gains (or a combination thereof), unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account (“IRA”), which may be taxed upon withdrawal.

 

PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES

 

Investors purchasing shares in the secondary market through a brokerage account or with the assistance of a broker may be subject to brokerage commissions and charges. If you purchase Fund shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing broker-dealers or other intermediaries and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

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MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRUST AND THE FUND

 

AdvisorShares Trust (the “Trust”) is a Delaware statutory trust offering a number of professionally managed investment portfolios or funds.

 

Creation Units of the Fund are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for portfolio securities along with a specified cash payment.

 

EXCEPT WHEN AGGREGATED IN CREATION UNITS, SHARES OF THE FUND ARE NOT REDEEMABLE SECURITIES.

 

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

 

The Fund seeks long-term capital appreciation. The Fund’s investment objective is non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board without a shareholder vote.

 

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND’S PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

The Fund is an actively managed ETF and, thus, does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified passive index of securities. Instead, it uses an active investment strategy in seeking to meet its investment objective. The Fund will invest directly in companies that list their securities on exchanges that require compliance with all laws, rules and regulations applicable to their business, including U.S. federal laws. The current exchanges identified by the Fund that meet these requirements are the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), Nasdaq Stock Market, Toronto Stock Exchange, and TSX Venture Exchange. The Fund also may use total return swaps to seek exposure to securities with similar characteristics. The Advisor, subject to the oversight of the Board, has discretion on a daily basis to manage the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and investment policies. The Fund will not change the 80% investment policy included in its principal investment strategy without providing 60 days notice to shareholders.

 

MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND

 

The Fund is subject to a number of risks that may affect the value of its shares. This section provides additional information about the Fund’s principal risks. The degree to which a risk applies to the Fund varies according to its investment allocation. Each investor should review the complete description of the principal risks before investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for certain investors. As with investing in other securities whose prices increase and decrease in market value, you may lose money by investing in the Fund. Any of the following risks may impact the Fund’s NAV, which could result in the Fund trading at a premium or discount to NAV.

 

Cannabis-Related Company Risk. Cannabis-related companies are subject to various laws and regulations that may differ at the state/local and federal level. These laws and regulations may (i) significantly affect a cannabis-related company’s ability to secure financing, (ii) impact the market for marijuana business sales and services, and (iii) set limitations on marijuana use, production, transportation, and storage. Cannabis-related companies may also be required to secure permits and authorizations from government agencies to cultivate or research marijuana. In addition, cannabis-related companies are subject to the risks associated with the greater agricultural industry, including changes to or trends that affect commodity prices, labor costs, weather conditions, and laws and regulations related to environmental protection, health and safety. Cannabis-related companies may also be subject to risks associated with the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. These risks include increased government regulation, the use and enforcement of intellectual property rights and patents, technological change and obsolescence, product liability lawsuits, and the risk that research and development may not necessarily lead to commercially successful products.

 

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U.S. Regulation of Marijuana. Although the medical use of marijuana is legal in more than half of the states as well as the District of Columbia and non-medical use of marijuana is legal in an increasing number of states and the District of Columbia, the possession and use of marijuana remains illegal under U.S. federal law. Actions by federal regulatory agencies, such as enforcement of federal marijuana laws and the prosecution of nonviolent federal drug crimes by the DOJ, could produce a chilling effect on the industry’s growth and discourage banks from expanding their services to cannabis-related companies. This conflict between the regulation of marijuana under federal and state law creates volatility and risk for all cannabis-related companies. Because marijuana is currently classified as a Schedule I controlled substance, no drug product containing cannabis or cannabis extracts has been approved for use by the FDA or obtained registration for commercial production from the DEA. A Schedule I controlled substance is defined as a drug with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. There is no guarantee that such products will ever be legally produced or sold in the U.S. and, even if such a product containing were to receive the required government approvals for use in commercial production, the product may be subject to significant government regulation regarding manufacture, importation, exportation, domestic distribution, storage, sale, and legitimate use. Cannabis-related companies in the U.S. that engage in medical or pharmaceutical research or the production and distribution of controlled substances such as marijuana must be registered with the DEA to perform such activities and have the security, control, recordkeeping, reporting and inventory mechanisms required by the DEA to prevent drug loss and diversion. With respect to cannabis-related companies and vendors servicing such companies, the Fund will not invest directly in the securities of companies that grow, sell, distribute, transport, or handle cannabis unless they are registered with the DEA or otherwise in compliance with U.S. federal regulations, thus allowing them to legally handle the product. Compliance failures related to these regulatory requirements may substantially harm a cannabis-related company’s ability to conduct marijuana research. In addition, because cannabis is a Schedule I controlled substance, Section 280E of the Internal Revenue Code applies by its terms to the purchase and sale of medical-use cannabis products and provides that no deduction or credit is allowed for expenses incurred during a taxable year “in carrying on any trade or business if such trade or business (or the activities which comprise such trade or business) consists of trafficking in controlled substances (within the meaning of Schedules I and II of the Controlled Substances Act) which is prohibited by federal law or the law of any state in which such trade or business is conducted.” The disallowance of such tax deductions will likely affect the value of cannabis related companies. In addition, because cannabis is a Schedule I controlled substance, Section 280E of the Internal Revenue Code applies by its terms to the purchase and sale of medical-use cannabis products and provides that no deduction or credit is allowed for expenses incurred during a taxable year “in carrying on any trade or business if such trade or business (or the activities which comprise such trade or business) consists of trafficking in controlled substances (within the meaning of Schedules I and II of the CSA) which is prohibited by federal law or the law of any state in which such trade or business is conducted.” The disallowance of such tax deductions will likely reduce the value of cannabis related companies.

 

Non-U.S. Regulation of Marijuana. Laws and regulations related to the possession, use (medical or recreational), sale, transport and cultivation of marijuana vary throughout the world, and the Fund will only invest in non-U.S. cannabis-related companies if such companies are operating legally in the relevant jurisdiction. These laws and regulations are subject to change and may have a significant impact on the operations of a cannabis-related company. Such operations may be legal under current law, but may be illegal in the future if the applicable law changes to prohibit marijuana-related activities vital to the company’s business.

 

Counterparty Risk. The Fund may invest in financial instruments involving counterparties for the purpose of attempting to gain exposure to a particular group of securities, index or asset class without actually purchasing those securities or investments, or to hedge a position. Such financial instruments may include, among others, total return, index, interest rate, and credit default swap agreements. The use of swap agreements and similar instruments exposes the Fund to risks that are different than those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. For example, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. If a counterparty defaults on its payment obligations to the Fund, this default will cause the value of your investment in the Fund to decrease. In addition, the Fund may enter into swap agreements with a limited number of counterparties, which may increase the Fund’s exposure to counterparty credit risk. Similarly, if the credit quality of an issuer or guarantor of a debt instrument improves, this change may adversely affect the value of the Fund’s investment.

 

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Derivatives Risk. The Fund’s use of derivative instruments involves risks different from or possibly greater than the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. These risks include (i) the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may not fulfill its contractual obligations; (ii) the risk of mispricing or improper valuation; (iii) the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index; and (iv) the credit risk of the underlying asset, rate, or index. In addition, investments in derivatives may involve leverage, which means a small percentage of assets invested in derivatives can have a disproportionately larger impact on the Fund. These risks could cause the Fund to lose more than the principal amount invested.

 

Swap Agreements Risk. The Fund may invest in total return swaps to gain market exposure. Swap agreements are contracts among the Fund and a counterparty to exchange the return of the pre-determined underlying investment (such as the rate of return of the underlying index). Swap agreements may be negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between two parties or, for certain standardized swaps, must be exchange-traded through a futures commission merchant and/or cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty. Risks associated with the use of swap agreements are different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions, due in part to the fact they could be considered illiquid and many swaps trade on the OTC market. Swaps are particularly subject to counterparty credit, correlation, valuation, liquidity and leveraging risks. In the event that the Fund executes a total return swap, it will likely do so as a total return receiver (and the counterparty to the Fund will execute the swap as the total return payor). The total return swap receiver generally is contractually obligated to pay the total return payer an index-based payment and an amount equal to the depreciation in the value of the asset referenced in the swap (or an amount which represents a decline in an index if an index is referenced in the swap). Both parties to the total return swap generally have contractual obligations to pledge credit support for the full and timely performance of their respective contractual obligations under the total return swap. If the Fund executes total return swaps, it risks the depreciation or decline in value of the asset or index referenced in the swap as well as the risk that the collateral posted by its counterparty declines in value or is not pledged in accordance with the swap documentation, or the risk that the collateral posted by the Fund in favor of the counterparty is not timely returned or is lost. While exchange trading and central clearing are intended to reduce counterparty credit risk and increase liquidity, they do not make swap transactions risk-free. Additionally, applicable regulators have adopted rules imposing certain margin requirements, including minimums, on OTC swaps, which may result in the Fund and its counterparties posting higher margin amounts for OTC swaps, which could increase the cost of swap transactions to the Fund and impose added operational complexity.

 

Canada Risk. Canada is a significant exporter of natural resources, such as oil, natural gas and agricultural products. As a result, the Canadian economy is susceptible to adverse changes in certain commodities markets. It is also heavily dependent on trading with key partners, including the United States, Mexico, and China. Any reduction in trading with these key partners may adversely affect the Canadian economy. Canada’s dependency on the economy of the United States, in particular, makes Canada’s economy vulnerable to political and regulatory changes affecting the United States economy.

 

Equity Risk. The prices of equity securities in which the Fund invests rise and fall daily. These price movements may result from factors affecting individual companies, industries or the securities market as a whole. Individual companies may report poor results or be negatively affected by industry and/or economic trends and developments. The prices of securities issued by such companies may decline in response. In addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of time.

 

ETF Investment Risk. The Fund is subject to the same risks as the underlying affiliated ETF. While the risks of owning shares of an ETF generally reflect the risks of owning the underlying securities of the ETF, lack of liquidity in an ETF can result in its value being more volatile than the underlying portfolio securities. ETFs also may trade below their NAV or at a discount, which may adversely affect the Fund’s performance. Moreover, when the Fund invests in an underlying ETF, in addition to directly bearing the expenses associated with its own operations, the Fund will bear the applicable pro rata portion of the underlying ETF’s expenses. Consequently, an investment in the Fund entails more direct and indirect expenses than a direct investment in the underlying ETF. Under normal market conditions, the Fund will purchase shares of or interest in the underlying affiliated ETF in the secondary market.

 

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ETF Market Risk. In stressed market conditions, the market for certain ETF shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the ETF’s underlying portfolio holdings. This adverse effect on liquidity for the ETF’s shares in turn can lead to a difference between the market price of the ETF’s shares and the underlying value of those shares. This difference can be reflected as a spread between the bid and ask prices quoted during the day or a premium or discount in the closing price from the Fund’s NAV.

 

Foreign Investment Risk. The Fund may have significant exposure to securities or obligations of foreign companies through its investments in financial instruments, which are indirectly linked to the performance of foreign issuers. Foreign markets can be more volatile than the U.S. market due to increased risks of adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments and can perform differently from the U.S. market. Investing in financial instruments that are indirectly linked to the performance of foreign issuers may involve risks not typically associated with investing in U.S. issuers. The value of financial instruments denominated in foreign currencies, and of distributions from such financial instruments, can change significantly when foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the U.S. dollar. Foreign markets generally have less trading volume and less liquidity than U.S. markets, and prices in some foreign markets may fluctuate more than those of financial instruments traded on U.S. markets. Many foreign countries lack accounting and disclosure standards comparable to those that apply to U.S. companies, and it may be more difficult to obtain reliable information regarding a foreign issuer’s financial condition and operations. In certain countries, legal remedies available to investors may be more limited than those available with respect to investments in the United States. Transaction costs and costs associated with custody services are generally higher for foreign securities than they are for U.S. securities. Some foreign governments levy withholding taxes against dividend and interest income. Although in some countries portions of these taxes are recoverable, the non-recovered portion will reduce the income received by the Fund.

 

Because the Fund’s shares trade in the secondary market, a broker may charge a commission to execute a transaction in shares and an investor may incur the cost of the spread between the price at which a dealer will buy shares (bid) and the somewhat higher price at which a dealer will sell shares (ask). In addition, not only are there a limited number of institutions that act as authorized participants, direct trading by authorized participants is critical to ensuring that the Fund’s shares trade at or close to NAV. However, market makers are not obligated to make a market in the Fund’s shares nor are authorized participants obligated to execute purchase or redemption orders for Creation Units and, in times of market stress, circumstances could develop that could cause them to refrain from these activities or reduce their role. The absence of an active market could lead to a heightened risk of differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those shares.

 

Growth Investing Risk. Growth stocks can be volatile for several reasons. Since those companies usually invest a high portion of earnings in their businesses, they may lack the dividends of value stocks that can cushion stock prices in a falling market. The prices of growth stocks are based largely on projections of the issuer’s future earnings and revenues. If a company’s earnings or revenues fall short of expectations, its stock price may fall dramatically. Growth stocks may be more expensive relative to their earnings or assets compared to value or other stocks.

 

Health Care Sector Risk. Companies in the Health Care Sector are subject to extensive government regulation and their profitability can be significantly affected by restrictions on government reimbursement for medical expenses, rising costs of medical products and services, pricing pressure (including price discounting), limited product lines and an increased emphasis on the delivery of health care through outpatient services. Companies in the Health Care Sector are heavily dependent on obtaining and defending patents, which may be time consuming and costly, and the expiration of patents may also adversely affect the profitability of these companies. Health care companies are also subject to extensive litigation based on product liability and similar claims. In addition, their products can become obsolete due to industry innovation, changes in technologies or other market developments. Many new products in the Health Care Sector require significant research and development and may be subject to regulatory approvals, all of which may be time consuming and costly with no guarantee that any product will come to market.

 

Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences Industry Group Risk. The Fund will concentrate at least 25% of its investments in the Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences Industry Group within the Health Care Sector. The business operations and profitability of companies in the Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences Industry Group can be significantly affected by, among other things, government approval of products and services, government regulation and reimbursement rates, product liability claims, patent expirations and protection, and intense competition.

 

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IPO Risk. The Fund may invest in companies that have recently completed an initial public offering. The stocks of such companies are unseasoned equities lacking a trading history, a track record of reporting to investors, and widely available research coverage. IPOs are thus often subject to extreme price volatility and speculative trading. These stocks may have above-average price appreciation in connection with the IPO. In addition, IPOs share similar illiquidity risks of private equity and venture capital. The free float shares held by the public in an IPO are typically a small percentage of the market capitalization. The ownership of many IPOs often include large holdings by venture capital and private equity investors who seek to sell their shares in the public market in the months following an IPO when shares restricted by lock-up are released, causing greater volatility and possible downward pressure during the time that locked-up shares are released.

 

Management Risk. The Advisor continuously evaluates the Fund’s holdings, purchases and sales with a view to achieving the Fund’s investment objective. However, achievement of the stated investment objective cannot be guaranteed. The Advisor’s judgment about the markets, the economy, or companies may not anticipate actual market movements, economic conditions or company performance, and these factors may affect the return on your investment. In fact, no matter how good a job the Advisor does, you could lose money on your investment in the Fund, just as you could with other investments. If the Advisor is incorrect in its assessment of the income, growth or price realization potential of the Fund’s holdings or incorrect in its assessment of general market or economic conditions, then the value of the Fund’s shares may decline.

 

Market Risk. Investments in securities, in general, are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions or changes in interest or currency rates, or particular countries, segments, economic sectors, industries or companies within those markets. Local, regional, or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the market generally and on specific securities. For example, since December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus has spread globally, which has resulted in the temporary closure of many corporate offices, retail stores, manufacturing facilities and factories, and other businesses across the world. As the extent of the impact on global markets from the coronavirus is difficult to predict, the extent to which the coronavirus may negatively affect the Fund’s performance or the duration of any potential business disruption is uncertain. Any potential impact on performance will depend to a large extent on future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of the coronavirus and the actions taken by authorities and other entities to contain the coronavirus or treat its impact.

 

Changes in market conditions and interest rates generally do not have the same impact on all types of securities and instruments. Fluctuations in the value of securities and financial instruments in which the Fund invests will cause the NAV of the Fund to fluctuate. Historically, the markets have moved in cycles, and the value of the Fund’s securities may fluctuate drastically from day to day. Because of its link to the markets, an investment in the Fund may be more suitable for long-term investors who can bear the risk of short-term principal fluctuations, which at times may be significant.

 

Mid-Capitalization Company Risk. Stock prices of mid-cap companies may be based in substantial part on future expectations rather than current achievements and may move sharply, especially during market upturns and downturns. Mid-cap companies themselves may be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic events than larger, more established companies. During a period when the performance of mid-cap stocks falls behind that of other types of investments, such as large-cap stocks or the equity market as whole, the Fund’s performance could be reduced.

 

Non-Diversification Risk. As a non-diversified fund under the federal securities laws, the Fund may invest a greater percentage of its assets in a particular issuer and hold a smaller number of portfolio securities than a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests in a relatively small number of issuers, a decline in the market value of a particular security held by the Fund may affect its value more than if it invested in a larger number of issuers; therefore, the value of the Fund’s shares may be more volatile than the value of shares of more diversified funds.

 

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Real Estate Investment Trust Risk. Investment in real estate companies, including REITs, exposes the Fund to the risks of owning real estate directly. These include risks related to general, regional and local economic conditions; fluctuations in interest rates and property tax rates; shifts in zoning laws, environmental regulations and other governmental action such as the exercise of eminent domain; increased operating expenses; lack of availability of mortgage funds or other limits to accessing the credit or capital markets; losses due to natural disasters; overbuilding; losses due to casualty or condemnation; changes in property values and rental rates; and other factors. Real estate is highly sensitive to general and local economic conditions and developments. The U.S. real estate market may, in the future, experience and has, in the past, experienced a decline in value, with certain regions experiencing significant losses in property values. Many real estate companies, including REITs, utilize leverage (and some may be highly leveraged), which increases investment risk and the risk normally associated with debt financing, and could potentially increase an investing ETF’s volatility and losses. Exposure to such real estate may adversely affect the performance of an investing ETF.

 

Investments in REITs involve unique risks. REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in limited volume, and may be more volatile than other securities. In addition, to the extent the Fund holds interests in REITs, it is expected that investors in the Fund will bear two layers of asset-based management fees and expenses (directly at the Fund level and indirectly at the REIT level). In addition, REITs are dependent upon management skills and generally may not be diversified. REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers or lessees and self-liquidation. In addition, U.S. REITs are subject to special U.S. federal tax requirements. A U.S. REIT that fails to comply with such tax requirements may be subject to U.S. federal income taxation, which may affect the value of the REIT and the characterization of the REIT’s distributions. The U.S. federal tax requirement that a REIT distributes substantially all of its net income to its shareholders may result in the REIT having insufficient capital for future expenditures. A REIT that successfully maintains its qualification may still become subject to U.S. federal, state and local taxes, including excise, penalty, franchise, payroll, mortgage recording, and transfer taxes, both directly and indirectly through its subsidiaries. In the event of a default by a borrower or lessee, the REIT may experience delays in enforcing its rights as a mortgagee or lessor and may incur substantial costs associated with protecting investments.

 

Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Fund will be subject to credit risk with respect to the counterparties with which the Fund enters into repurchase agreements. If a counterparty fails to meet its contractual obligations, the Fund may be unable to terminate or realize any gain on the transaction, or to recover collateral posted to the counterparty, resulting in a loss to the Fund. If the Fund holds collateral posted by its counterparty, it may be delayed or prevented from realizing on the collateral in the event of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding relating to the counterparty. Due to the limited number of banks handling clearing and settlement of certain repurchase agreements, parties entering into repurchase agreement transactions also could have increased exposure to risks associated with cyberattacks.

 

Small- and Micro-Capitalization Company Risk. Security prices of small-cap companies may be more volatile than those of larger companies. Security prices of small-cap companies are generally more vulnerable than those of large-cap companies to adverse business and economic developments. The securities of small-cap companies may be thinly-traded, making it difficult for the Fund to buy and sell them. In addition, small-cap companies are typically less stable financially than larger, more established companies and may depend on a small number of essential personnel, making them more vulnerable to loss of personnel. Small-cap companies also normally have less diverse product lines than larger-cap companies and are more susceptible to adverse developments concerning their products. These risks are even greater for micro-cap companies. Micro-cap companies are followed by relatively few securities analysts and there tends to be less information about them. Their securities generally have limited trading volumes and are subject to even more abrupt, erratic price movements. Micro-cap companies are even more vulnerable to adverse business and market developments.

 

Trading Risk. Shares of the Fund may trade above or below their NAV. The NAV of shares will fluctuate with changes in the market value of the Fund’s holdings. The trading prices of shares will fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV, as well as market supply and demand. When the market price of the Fund’s shares deviates significantly from NAV, you may pay significantly more or receive significantly less than the underlying value of the Fund’s shares. However, given that shares can be created and redeemed only in Creation Units at NAV, the Advisor does not believe that large discounts or premiums to NAV will exist for extended periods of time. Although the Fund’s shares are currently listed on the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for shares will develop or be maintained. In addition, trading in shares of the Fund may be halted because of market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in shares inadvisable.

 

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OTHER INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES

 

Temporary Defensive Positions. To respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets, without limitation, in cash, high-quality, short-term debt securities and money market instruments. The Fund may be invested in this manner for extended periods, depending on the Advisor’s assessment of market conditions. Debt securities and money market instruments include shares of other mutual funds, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, U.S. government securities, repurchase agreements, and bonds that are rated BBB or higher. While the Fund is in a defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective. Furthermore, to the extent that the Fund invests in money market funds, the Fund would bear its pro rata portion of each such money market fund’s advisory fees and operational expenses.

 

Lending of Portfolio Securities. The Fund may lend portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial organizations that meet capital and other credit requirements or other criteria established by the Board. These loans, if and when made, may not exceed 331/3% of the total asset value of the Fund (including the loan collateral). Such loans may be terminated at any time. Any such loans must be continuously secured by collateral maintained on a current basis in an amount at least equal to the market value of the securities loaned by the Fund. In a loan transaction, as compensation for lending its securities, the Fund will receive a portion of the dividends or interest accrued on the securities held as collateral or, in the case of cash collateral, a portion of the income from the investment of such cash. In addition, the Fund will receive the amount of all dividends, interest and other distributions on the loaned securities. However, the borrower has the right to vote the loaned securities. The Fund will call loans to vote proxies if a material issue affecting the investment is to be voted upon. Loans are made only to borrowers that are deemed by the securities lending agent to be of good financial standing. Should the borrower of the securities fail financially, the Fund may experience delays in recovering the securities or exercising its rights in the collateral. In a loan transaction, the Fund will also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities acquired with cash collateral. The Fund will attempt to minimize this risk by limiting the investment of cash collateral to high quality instruments of short maturity.

 

Please see the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) for a more complete list of portfolio investment strategies, permitted investments and related risks.

 

PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of Fund portfolio securities is available (i) in the SAI and (ii) on the Trust’s website at www.advisorshares.com. The Fund’s daily portfolio holdings information also is available on the Trust’s website.

 

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

 

INVESTMENT ADVISOR

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC, located at 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, serves as investment advisor of the Fund. As of September 30, 2022, the Advisor had approximately $[ ] billion in assets under management.

 

The Advisor, subject to the supervision of the Board, provides an investment program for the Fund and manages the investment of the Fund’s assets. Pursuant to an investment advisory agreement between the Trust and the Advisor, the Advisor is entitled to receive an annual advisory fee of 0.60% based on the average daily net assets of the Fund. For the most recent fiscal year, the Fund paid the Advisor [ ]% after waivers based on its average daily net assets.

 

The Advisor bears all of its own costs associated with providing these advisory services and the expenses of the members of the Board who are affiliated with the Advisor. The Advisor may make payments from its own resources to broker-dealers and other financial institutions in connection with the sale of Fund shares.

 

15

 

 

The Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses in order to keep net expenses (excluding amounts payable pursuant to any plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1, interest expense, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and extraordinary expenses) from exceeding 0.74% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for at least one year from the date of this Prospectus. The expense limitation agreement may be terminated without payment of any penalty (i) by the Trust for any reason and at any time and (ii) by the Advisor, for any reason, upon ninety (90) days’ prior written notice to the Trust, such termination to be effective as of the close of business on the last day of the then-current one-year period. If at any point it becomes unnecessary for the Advisor to waive fees or reimburse expenses, the Board may permit the Advisor to retain the difference between the Fund’s total annual operating expenses and the expense limitation currently in effect, or, if lower, the expense limitation that was in effect at the time of the waiver and/or reimbursement, to recapture all or a portion of its prior fee waivers or expense reimbursements within three years of the date they were waived or reimbursed.

 

The Advisor may hire one or more sub-advisors to oversee the day-to-day investment activities of the Fund. The sub-advisors would be subject to oversight by the Advisor. Pursuant to an exemptive order from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), the Advisor, subject to certain conditions, has the right, without shareholder approval, to hire a new unaffiliated sub-advisor or materially amend the terms of a sub-advisory agreement with an unaffiliated sub-advisor when the Board and the Advisor believe that a change would benefit the Fund. The Prospectus will be supplemented if a sub-advisor is hired for the Fund.

 

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s most recent approval of the Fund’s investment advisory agreement is available in the Trust’s Annual Report to Shareholders dated June 30, 2022.

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGER

The following portfolio manager is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.

 

Dan S. Ahrens, Managing Director, Chief Operating Officer & Portfolio Manager

Dan S. Ahrens is a Managing Director and the Chief Operating Officer of the Advisor. Prior to joining the Advisor in 2008, Mr. Ahrens founded Ahrens Advisors, L.P., an SEC-registered investment advisor, where he was portfolio manager of the Ladenburg Thalmann Gaming and Casino Fund from 2006 to 2008. Before forming Ahrens Advisors, he was President of the MUTUALS.com Funds. He served as portfolio manager of the Vice Fund (VICEX), which he started in 2002, and the Generation Wave Growth Fund. During that time, he also was President and Chief Compliance Officer of Mutuals Advisors, Inc. and acted as President, Treasurer and Financial & Operations Officer of an affiliated Broker Dealer firm. He is the author of Investing in Vice (St. Martin’s Press, 2004) and Investing in Cannabis (Wiley, 2020) and has appeared on numerous financial programs, including CNBC, CNN, ABC News and Bloomberg, to discuss “Vice Stocks.” He has been featured, along with funds under his management, in major national and trade publications including The Economist, New York Times, Financial Times, and The Wall Street Journal. He earned a Bachelor in Business Administration in Finance from Texas Tech University.

 

Additional information about the portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager, and the portfolio manager’s ownership of securities in the Fund is available in the SAI.

 

OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS

Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) is the principal underwriter and distributor of the Fund’s shares. The Distributor’s principal address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101. The Distributor will not distribute shares in less than whole Creation Units, and it does not maintain a secondary market in the shares. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.. The Distributor is not affiliated with the Advisor, The Bank of New York Mellon or any of their respective affiliates.

 

The Bank of New York Mellon, located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286, serves as the administrator, custodian, transfer agent and fund accounting agent for the Fund.

 

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, located at 1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20004, serves as legal counsel to the Trust.

 

[ ], located [ ], serves as the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm. The independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing the annual financial statements of the Fund.

 

16

 

 

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

 

CALCULATING NET ASSET VALUE

The Fund calculates NAV by (i) taking the current market value of its total assets, (ii) subtracting any liabilities, and (iii) dividing that amount by the total number of shares owned by shareholders.

 

The Fund calculates NAV once each business day as of the regularly scheduled close of normal trading on the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time). The NYSE is typically closed on weekends and most national holidays.

 

In calculating NAV, the Fund generally values its portfolio investments at market prices. If market prices are unavailable or the Fund thinks that they are unreliable, or when the value of a portfolio holding has been materially affected by events occurring after the relevant market closes, the Fund will price those portfolio holdings at fair value as determined in good faith using methods approved by the Board. With respect to U.S.-traded securities with readily available pricing, it is expected that there would be limited circumstances in which the Fund would use fair value pricing – for example, if the exchange on which a portfolio security is principally traded closed early or if trading in a particular security was halted during the day and did not resume prior to the time the Fund calculated its NAV.

 

The use of fair valuation in pricing a portfolio holding involves the consideration of a number of subjective factors and, therefore, is susceptible to the unavoidable risk that the valuation may be higher or lower than the price at which the portfolio holding might actually trade if a reliable market price were readily available.

 

More information about the valuation of the Fund’s holdings can be found in the SAI.

 

PREMIUM/DISCOUNT AND BID-ASK SPREAD INFORMATION

The price of the Fund’s shares is based on market price, which may differ from the Fund’s daily NAV per share and can be affected by market forces of supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. Information showing the number of days that the market price of the Fund’s shares was greater than the Fund’s NAV per share (i.e., at a premium) and the number of days it was less than the Fund’s NAV per share (i.e., at a discount) for various time periods is available by visiting the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com. Also available on the Fund’s website is information about bid-ask spreads.

 

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

The Fund pays out dividends and distributes its net capital gains, if any, to shareholders at least annually.

 

ACTIVE INVESTORS AND MARKET TIMING

Shares of the Fund are listed for trading on the Exchange, which allows retail investors to purchase and sell individual shares at market prices throughout the trading day similar to other publicly traded securities. Because these secondary market trades do not involve the Fund directly, it is unlikely that secondary market trading would cause any harmful effects of market timing, such as dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the Fund’s trading costs or realization of capital gains. The Board has determined not to adopt policies and procedures designed to prevent or monitor for frequent purchases and redemptions of the Fund’s shares because the Fund sells and redeems its shares at NAV only in Creation Units pursuant to the terms of a participant agreement between the Distributor and an authorized participant, principally in exchange for a basket of securities that mirrors the composition of the Fund’s portfolio and a specified amount of cash. The Fund also imposes transaction fees on such Creation Unit transactions that are designed to offset the Fund’s transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of the Creation Unit shares.

 

17

 

 

BOOK-ENTRY

Shares of the Fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), or its nominee, is the record owner of all outstanding shares of the Fund and is recognized as the owner of all shares.

 

Investors owning shares of the Fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all shares. Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants (e.g., broker-dealers, banks, trust companies, or clearing companies). These procedures are the same as those that apply to any stocks that you hold in book entry or “street name” through your brokerage account.

 

INVESTING IN THE FUND

For more information on how to buy and sell shares of the Fund, call the Trust at 877.843.3831 or visit the Fund’s website at www.advisorshares.com.

 

DISTRIBUTION PLAN

 

The Fund has adopted a Distribution Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 that allows the Fund to pay distribution fees to the Distributor and other firms that provide distribution services. The Fund will pay distribution fees to the Distributor at an annual rate not to exceed 0.25% of its average daily net assets. If a service provider provides distribution services, the Distributor will pay the service provider out of its distribution fees.

 

No distribution fees are currently charged to the Fund; there are no plans to impose distribution fees, and no distribution fees will be charged for at least one year from the date of this Prospectus. However, to the extent distribution fees are charged in the future, because the Fund would pay these fees out of assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees may cost you more than other types of sales charges and would increase the cost of your investment. At such time as distribution fees are charged, the Fund will notify investors by adding disclosure to the Fund’s website and in the Fund’s Prospectus. Any distribution fees will be approved by the Board.

 

ADDITIONAL TAX INFORMATION [To Be Updated]

 

The following is a summary of some important tax issues that affect the Fund and its shareholders. The summary is based on current tax law, which may be changed by legislative, judicial or administrative action. The summary is very general, and does not address investors subject to special rules, such as investors who hold shares through an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged account. More information about taxes is located in the SAI.

 

You are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding specific questions as to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes.

 

Tax Status of the Fund

The Fund is treated as a separate entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes and intends to qualify for the special tax treatment afforded to a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code. As long as the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC, it pays no federal income tax on the earnings it timely distributes to shareholders. However, the Fund’s failure to qualify as a RIC or to meet minimum distribution requirements would result (if certain relief provisions were not available) in fund-level taxation and, consequently, a reduction in income available for distribution to shareholders.

 

Unless you are a tax-exempt entity or your investment in Fund shares is made through a tax-deferred retirement account, such as an IRA, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when:

 

the Fund makes distributions;

 

you sell Fund shares; and

 

you purchase or redeem Creation Units (authorized participants only).

 

18

 

 

Tax Status of Distributions

 

The Fund intends to distribute, at least annually, substantially all of its net investment income and net capital gains income.

 

The Fund’s distributions from income and net short-term capital gains will generally be taxed to you as ordinary income. For non-corporate shareholders, dividends reported by the Fund as qualified dividend income are generally eligible for reduced tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided holding period and other requirements are met. Qualified dividend income generally is income derived from dividends paid by U.S. corporations or certain foreign corporations that are either incorporated in a U.S. possession or eligible for tax benefits under certain U.S. income tax treaties. In addition, dividends that the Fund receives in respect of stock of certain foreign corporations may be qualified dividend income if that stock is readily tradable on an established U.S. securities market. For such dividends to be taxed as qualified dividend income to a non-corporate shareholder, the Fund must satisfy certain holding period requirements with respect to the underlying stock and the non-corporate shareholder must satisfy holding period requirements with respect to his or her ownership of the Fund’s shares. Holding periods may be suspended for these purposes for stock that is hedged.

 

Corporate shareholders may be entitled to a dividends received deduction for the portion of dividends they receive that are attributable to dividends received by the Fund from U.S. corporations, subject to certain limitations.

 

Taxes on distributions of capital gains (if any) are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned their shares. Sales of assets held by the Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by the Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions from the Fund’s short-term capital gains are generally taxable as ordinary income. Any distributions of net capital gain (the excess of the Fund’s net long-term capital gains over its net short-term capital losses) that you receive from the Fund generally are taxable as long-term capital gains regardless of how long you have owned your shares. Long-term capital gains are taxed to non-corporate shareholders at reduced tax rates.

 

Dividends and distributions are generally taxable to you whether you receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares.

 

In general, your distributions are subject to federal income tax for the year in which they are paid. However, distributions paid in January but declared by the Fund in October, November or December of the previous year may be taxable to you in the previous year.

 

Shortly after the close of each calendar year, the Fund (or your broker) will inform you of the amount of your ordinary income dividends, qualified dividend income, foreign tax credits and net capital gain distributions received from the Fund.

 

You may wish to avoid investing in the Fund shortly before a dividend or other distribution, because such a distribution will generally be taxable even though it may economically represent a return of a portion of your investment.

 

Taxes on Exchange-Listed Share Sales

Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of shares is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one year or less, except that any capital loss on the sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of amounts treated as distributions of long-term capital gains to the shareholder with respect to such shares. Any loss realized on a sale will be disallowed to the extent shares of the Fund are acquired, including through reinvestment of dividends, within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of Fund shares. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.

 

Foreign Taxes

Dividends, interest, and other income received by the Fund with respect to foreign securities may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. The Fund may need to file special claims for refunds to secure the benefits of a reduced rate.

 

19

 

 

Investment in Foreign Securities

The Fund may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries on dividends, interest, and other income it may earn from investing in foreign securities which may reduce the return on such investments. The U.S. has entered into tax treaties with certain foreign countries that may entitle the Fund to a reduced rate of, or exemption from, foreign taxes on certain income it receives. The Fund may need to file special claims for refunds to secure the benefits of a reduced rate. The effective rate of foreign tax cannot be determined in advance because the amount of the Fund’s assets to be invested within various countries is not known. In addition, the Fund’s investments in foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the Fund’s recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of the Fund’s distributions. If as of the close of a taxable year more than 50% of the Fund’s assets is represented by stock or securities of foreign corporations, the Fund intends to elect to permit shareholders to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction (but not both) on their U.S. income tax returns for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the Fund to foreign countries in respect of foreign securities the Fund has held for at least the minimum period specified in the Internal Revenue Code. For the purposes of the foreign tax credit, each such shareholder would include in gross income from foreign sources its pro rata share of such taxes. Certain limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code may prevent shareholders from receiving a full foreign tax credit or deduction for their allocable amount of such taxes.

 

Taxation of REIT Investments

The Fund invests in REITs. “Qualified REIT dividends” (i.e., ordinary REIT dividends other than capital gain dividends and portions of REIT dividends designated as qualified dividend income eligible for capital gain tax rates) are eligible for a 20% deduction by non-corporate taxpayers. This deduction, if allowed in full, equates to a maximum effective tax rate of 29.6% (37% top rate applied to income after 20% deduction). Distributions by the Fund to its shareholders that are attributable to qualified REIT dividends received by the Fund and which the Fund properly reports as “section 199A dividends,” are treated as “qualified REIT dividends” in the hands of non-corporate shareholders. A section 199A dividend is treated as a qualified REIT dividend only if the shareholder receiving such dividend holds the dividend-paying RIC shares for at least 46 days of the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the shares become ex-dividend, and is not under an obligation to make related payments with respect to a position in substantially similar or related property. The Fund is permitted to report such part of its dividends as section 199A dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so.

 

REITs in which the Fund invests often do not provide complete and final tax information to the Fund until after the time that the Fund issues a tax reporting statement. As a result, the Fund may at times find it necessary to reclassify the amount and character of its distributions to you after it issues your tax reporting statement. When such reclassification is necessary, the Fund (or a financial intermediary, such as a broker, through which a shareholder owns shares) will send you a corrected, final Form 1099-DIV to reflect the reclassified information. If you receive a corrected Form 1099-DIV, use the information on this corrected form, and not the information on the previously issued tax reporting statement, in completing your tax returns.

 

Derivatives and Complex Securities

The Fund may invest in complex securities and derivatives such as total return swaps. These investments may be subject to numerous special and complex tax rules. These rules could affect the Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC, affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary income or loss or capital gain or loss, accelerate the recognition of income to the Fund, cause income or gain to be recognized even though corresponding cash is not received by the Fund and/or defer the Fund’s ability to recognize losses. In turn, those rules may affect the amount, timing or character of the income distributed by the Fund. Additional information regarding the Fund’s investments in complex securities and derivatives can be found in the Fund’s SAI.

 

Net Investment Income Tax

U.S. individuals with income exceeding certain thresholds are subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” including interest, dividends, and certain capital gains (generally including capital gain distributions and capital gains realized on the sale or exchange of shares). This 3.8% tax also applies to all or a portion of the undistributed net investment income of certain shareholders that are estates and trusts.

 

Non-U.S. Investors

If you are not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States, the Fund’s ordinary income dividends will generally be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies or unless such income is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. The 30% withholding tax generally will not apply to distributions of net capital gain. The Fund may, under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met. Short-term capital gain dividends received by a nonresident alien individual who is present in the U.S. for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year are not exempt from this 30% withholding tax. Different tax consequences may result if you are a foreign shareholder engaged in a trade or business within the United States or if you are a foreign shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of a tax treaty.

 

20

 

 

Backup Withholding

The Fund (or financial intermediaries, such as brokers, through which shareholders own Fund shares) will be required in certain cases to withhold (as “backup withholding”) on amounts payable to any shareholder who (1) has provided the Fund either an incorrect tax identification number or no number at all, (2) is subject to backup withholding by the Internal Revenue Service for failure to properly report payments of interest or dividends, (3) has failed to certify to the Fund that such shareholder is not subject to backup withholding, or (4) has not certified that such shareholder is a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident alien). The backup withholding rate is 24%. Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to the 30% withholding tax applicable to shareholders who are neither citizens nor residents of the United States.

 

Taxes on Creation and Redemption of Creation Units

An authorized participant who purchases a Creation Unit by exchanging securities in-kind generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (a) the sum of the market value of the Creation Units at the time and any net cash received, and (b) the sum of the purchaser’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and any net cash paid for the Creation Units. An authorized participant who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (x) the sum of the redeemer’s basis in the Creation Units and any net cash paid, and (y) the sum of the aggregate market value of the securities received and any net cash received. The Internal Revenue Service, however, may assert that a loss that is realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units may not be currently deducted under the rules governing “wash sales” by an authorized participant that does not mark-to-market its holdings or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. Authorized participants should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether wash sales rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.

 

The Fund has the right to reject an order for Creation Units if the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund and if, pursuant to section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code, the Fund would have a basis in the deposit securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Fund also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. If the Fund does issue Creation Units to a purchaser (or a group of purchasers) that would, upon obtaining the Creation Units so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund, the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) will not recognize gain or loss upon the exchange of securities for Creation Units.

 

The Fund may include cash when paying the redemption price for Creation Units in addition to, or in place of, the delivery of a basket of securities. The Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize investment income and/or capital gains or losses that it might not have recognized if it had completely satisfied the redemption in-kind. As a result, the Fund may be less tax efficient if it includes such a cash payment than if the in-kind redemption process was used.

 

Persons exchanging securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction. If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many Fund shares you purchased or redeemed and at what price.

 

The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the consequences under current federal tax law of an investment in the Fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences to you of an investment in the Fund under all tax laws applicable to you.

 

More information about taxes is in the SAI.

 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance since the Fund commenced operations. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost, on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been derived from the financial statements audited by [ ], an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the Fund’s financial statements, are included in the Fund’s Annual Report, which is available upon request.

 

21

 

 

ADVISORSHARES TRUST — Financial Highlights

 

 

    Years Ended June 30,     For the period
April 17,
2019*
to
June 30,
 
AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF   2022     2021     2020     2019  
Selected Data for a Share of Capital Stock Outstanding                                
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Year/Period   $ [  ]     $ 10.17     $ 22.99     $ 25.00  
Investment Operations                                
Net Investment Income(1)     [  ]       0.04       0.70       0.06  
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)     [  ]     11.05       (12.75 )     (2.07 )
Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Investment Operations(2)     [  ]     11.09       (12.05 )     (2.01 )
Distributions from Net Investment Income     [  ]     (0.11 )     (0.70 )      
Distributions from Realized Capital Gains     [  ]           (0.07 )      
Total Distributions     [  ]     (0.11 )     (0.77 )      
Net Asset Value, End of Year/Period   $ [  ]     $ 21.15     $ 10.17     $ 22.99  
Market Value, End of Year/Period   $ [  ]     $ 21.12     $ 10.18     $ 23.02  
Total Return                                
Total Investment Return Based on Net Asset Value(3)     [  ] %     109.96 %     (52.76 )%     (8.06 )%
Total Investment Return Based on Market(3)     [  ] %     109.35 %     (52.70 )%     (7.92 )%
Ratios/Supplemental Data                                
Net Assets, End of Year/Period (000’s omitted)   $ [  ]     $ 354,408     $ 45,503     $ 59,762  
Ratio to Average Net Assets of:                                
Expenses, net of expense waivers and reimbursements(4)     [  ] %     0.74 %     0.74 %     0.74 %
Expenses, prior to expense waivers and reimbursements(4)     [  ] %     0.69 %     1.17 %     1.10 %
Net Investment Income(4)     [  ] %     0.21 %     5.67 %     1.35 %
Portfolio Turnover Rate(5)     [  ] %     46 %     59 %     26 %

 

 
*Commencement of operations.
(1)Based on average shares outstanding.
(2)The amount shown for a share distribution throughout the period may not correlate with the Statement of Operations for the period due to the timing of sales and repurchases of Fund Shares in relation to income earned and/or fluctuating fair value of the investments of the Fund.
(3)Net asset value total investment return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions on ex-date, if any, at net asset value during the period, and redemption on the last day of the period. Periods less than one year are not annualized. Market value total return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the market value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at market value during the period on pay date, and sale at the market value on the last day of the period.
(4)Ratios of periods of less than one year have been annualized. Excludes expenses incurred by the underlying investments in other funds.
(5)Portfolio turnover rate is not annualized and excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as in-kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s capital shares.

 

22

 

 

ADVISORSHARES PURE CANNABIS ETF

 

Advisor

 

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC

4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

 

Distributor

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100

Portland, Maine 04101

 

Legal Counsel

 

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP

1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20004

 

Administrator, Custodian &
Transfer Agent

 

The Bank of New York Mellon

240 Greenwich Street

New York, New York 10286

 

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

Additional and more detailed information about the Fund is included in the Fund’s SAI. The SAI has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and, therefore, legally forms a part of this Prospectus. The SEC maintains the EDGAR database on its website (http://www.sec.gov), which contains the SAI, material incorporated by reference, and other information about the Fund. You may request documents from the SEC, upon payment of a duplication fee, by emailing the SEC at publicinfo@sec.gov.

 

You may obtain a copy of the SAI and the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports without charge by calling 877.843.3831, visiting the website at www.advisorshares.com, or writing to the Trust at 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Additional information about the Fund’s investments is available in the Fund’s Annual and Semi-Annual Reports. Also in the Fund’s Annual Report is a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during the last fiscal year.

 

No one has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations not contained in this Prospectus or in the SAI in connection with the offering of Fund shares. Do not rely on any such information or representations as having been authorized by the Fund. This Prospectus does not constitute an offering by the Fund in any jurisdiction where such an offering is not lawful.

 

The Trust’s SEC Investment Company Act File Number is 811-22110.

 

23

 

 

Statement of Additional Information

 

ADVISORSHARES TRUST

4800 Montgomery Lane

Suite 150

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

877.843.3831

www.advisorshares.com

 

November 1, 2022

 

AdvisorShares Trust (the “Trust”) is an investment company offering professionally managed investment portfolios. This Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) relates to shares of the following series (each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”):

 

AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: SENT)

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF (NASDAQ Ticker: DWEQ)

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF (NASDAQ Ticker: DWAW)

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF (NASDAQ Ticker: DWUS)

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF (NASDAQ Ticker: AADR)

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF (NASDAQ Ticker: DWMC)

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF (NASDAQ Ticker: DWSH)

AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: UAV)

AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: CWS)

AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: GK)

AdvisorShares Hotel ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: BEDZ)

AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: SURE)

formerly AdvisorShares DoubleLine Value Equity ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: DBLV)

AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: LETB)

AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: MINC)

AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: HOLD)

AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: PSDN)

AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: PSIL)

AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: YOLO)

AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: MSOS)

AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: QPX)

AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: QPT)

AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: HDGE)

AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: EATZ)

AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: VEGA)

AdvisorShares Vice ETF (NYSE Arca Ticker: VICE)

 

This SAI is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with each Fund’s prospectus dated November 1, 2022 (each, a “Prospectus” and collectively, the “Prospectuses”). Capitalized terms not defined herein are defined in the Prospectuses. Copies of each Fund’s Prospectus are available, without charge, upon request by contacting the Trust at the address or telephone number above. Shares of the Funds trade in the secondary market and are listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”) or NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (“NASDAQ”) as shown above (each an “Exchange”).

 

The Funds’ financial statements for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 are included in the Trust’s Annual Report to Shareholders, which has been filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

 

 

Table of Contents

 

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRUST   1
INVESTMENT POLICIES, TECHNIQUES AND RISK FACTORS   2
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS   44
CONTINUOUS OFFERING   49
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING   51
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE   51
MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST   55
ADMINISTRATION, CUSTODY AND TRANSFER AGENCY SERVICES   83
DISTRIBUTION SERVICES   85
BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM   90
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS   91
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE   99
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS, AND TAXES   99
OTHER INFORMATION   113
COUNSEL   114
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM   114
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS   114
APPENDIX A-Bond Ratings   A-1
APPENDIX B-Principal Holders of Fund Shares   B-1
APPENDIX C-Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures   C-1

 

 

 

 

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRUST

 

The Trust, an open-end management investment company, was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on July 30, 2007. The Trust is permitted to offer separate series (i.e., funds) and additional series may be created from time to time. As of the date of this SAI, the Trust consists of [ ] separate funds, [not all of which are included in this SAI]. [This SAI relates only to the [ ] funds listed on the cover page].

 

Each share issued by a Fund has a pro rata interest in the assets of that Fund. Shares have no preemptive, exchange, subscription or conversion rights and are freely transferable. Each share is entitled to participate equally in dividends and distributions declared by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (“Board”) with respect to the Fund, and in the net distributable assets of the Fund on liquidation. All payments received by the Trust for shares of any Fund belong to that Fund. Each Fund has its own assets and liabilities.

 

The shares of a Fund are subject to approval for listing on the applicable Exchange and, as described in the Fund’s Prospectus, will trade on the Exchange at market prices that may be below, at, or above net asset value (“NAV”) per share of the Fund.

 

The AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF, AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF, AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF, AdvisorShares Hotel ETF, AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF, AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF, AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF, AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF, AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF, AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF, and AdvisorShares Vice ETF each offer and issue shares at NAV in aggregated lots (each, a “Creation Unit” or a “Creation Unit Aggregation”) generally in exchange for: (i) a basket of individual securities (the “Deposit Securities”) and (ii) an amount of cash (the “Cash Component”). Similarly, shares of these Funds are redeemable only in Creation Unit Aggregations and, generally, in exchange for portfolio securities and a specified cash payment. The Trust reserves the right to offer an “all cash” option for creations and redemptions of Creation Units for each Fund. In addition, for each of these Funds, Creation Units may be issued in advance of receipt of Deposit Securities subject to various conditions, including a requirement to maintain a cash deposit with the Trust at least equal to 115% of the market value of the missing Deposit Securities. In each instance, transaction fees may be imposed that will be higher than the transaction fees associated with traditional in-kind creations or redemptions. In all cases, such fees will be limited in accordance with SEC requirements applicable to management investment companies offering redeemable securities. See the “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units” section for detailed information.

 

The AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF, AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF, AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF and AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF offer and issue Creation Units generally in exchange for the deposit of cash totaling the NAV of the Creation Units. Shares of these Funds are redeemable only in Creation Unit Aggregations and, generally, in exchange for a specified cash payment. The Trust reserves the right to offer an in-kind option for creations and redemptions of Creation Units for each of these Funds.

 

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INVESTMENT POLICIES, TECHNIQUES AND RISK FACTORS

 

General

 

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (the “Advisor”) serves as the investment advisor to each Fund. Each Fund’s investment objective and principal investment strategies, as well as other important information, are described in the Fund’s Prospectus, which should be read together with this SAI. The investment objective of each Fund is non-fundamental and may be changed without the approval of shareholders. Each Fund, except the AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF, AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF, AdvisorShares Hotel ETF, AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF and AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF, is a diversified investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”). Each of the AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF, AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF, AdvisorShares Hotel ETF, AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF and AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF is a non-diversified investment company under the 1940 Act.

 

The Advisor, subject to the oversight of the Board, provides an investment management program for the AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF, AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF, AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, AdvisorShares Hotel ETF, AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF, AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF, AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF and AdvisorShares Vice ETF, and manages the investment of each of those Fund’s assets. The day-to-day portfolio management of each other Fund is provided by a sub-advisor to the Fund and is subject to the supervision of the Advisor and oversight of the Board. The sub-advisors (each, a “Sub-Advisor” and collectively, the “Sub-Advisors”), if applicable, are listed in the table below.

 

Fund Advisor/Sub-Advisor
AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

Alpha DNA Investment Management, LLC

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC

AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

Gerber Kawasaki, Inc.

 

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Fund Advisor/Sub-Advisor
AdvisorShares Hotel ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC dba Newfleet Asset Management

AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

CSM Advisors, LLC

AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/
Poseidon Investment Management, LLC
AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

ThinkBetter, LLC

AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

ThinkBetter, LLC

AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

Ranger Alternative Management, L.P.

AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC/

CreativeOne Wealth, LLC

AdvisorShares Vice ETF AdvisorShares Investments, LLC

 

The Advisor and each Sub-Advisor, as applicable, select securities for the Fund’s investment pursuant to an “active” management strategy for security selection and portfolio construction. The AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF, AdvisorShares Managed Bitcoin Strategy ETF, AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF, AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF, and AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF are “funds of funds” that seek to achieve their investment objectives by investing primarily in other exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), as described in each Fund’s Prospectus (each, a “Fund of Funds” and together, the “Funds of Funds”). In addition to ETFs, the AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF and AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF also invest in other exchange-traded products, including, but not limited to, exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”), exchange-traded currency trusts, and closed-end funds (collectively, “ETPs”), as described in each Fund’s Prospectus. Other Funds also may invest in ETPs.

 

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The investment techniques and instruments described below and in each Fund’s Prospectus may, consistent with a Fund’s investment objective and investment policies, be used by the Fund if, in the opinion of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, such strategies will be advantageous to the Fund. Not all of the Funds will invest in all of the instruments and techniques described below. In addition, each Fund is free to reduce or eliminate its activity with respect to any of the investment techniques described below without changing the Fund’s fundamental investment policies, and the Funds will periodically change the composition of their portfolios to best meet their respective investment objectives. For more information about each Fund’s principal strategies and risks, please see the Fund’s Prospectus.

 

Borrowing

 

While the Funds do not anticipate doing so, each Fund may borrow money for investment purposes. Borrowing for investment purposes is one form of leverage. Leveraging investments, by purchasing securities with borrowed money, is a speculative technique that increases investment risk, but also increases investment opportunity. Because substantially all of a Fund’s assets will fluctuate in value, whereas the interest obligations on borrowings may be fixed, the NAV per share of the Fund will increase more when the Fund’s portfolio assets increase in value and decrease more when the Fund’s portfolio assets decrease in value than would otherwise be the case. Moreover, interest costs on borrowings may fluctuate with changing market rates of interest and may partially offset or exceed the returns on the borrowed funds. Under adverse conditions, a Fund might have to sell portfolio securities to meet interest or principal payments at a time when investment considerations would not favor such sales. A Fund may use leverage during periods when its Advisor or Sub-Advisor, as applicable, believes that the Fund’s investment objective would be furthered.

 

Each Fund also may borrow money to facilitate management of the Fund’s portfolio by enabling the Fund to meet redemption requests when the liquidation of portfolio instruments would be inconvenient or disadvantageous. Such borrowing is not for investment purposes and will be repaid by the Fund promptly.

 

As required by the 1940 Act, a Fund must maintain continuous asset coverage (total assets, including assets acquired with borrowed funds, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of all amounts borrowed. If, at any time, the value of a Fund’s assets should fail to meet this 300% coverage test, the Fund, within three days (not including Sundays and holidays), will reduce the amount of the Fund’s borrowings to the extent necessary to meet this 300% coverage requirement. Maintenance of this percentage limitation may result in the sale of portfolio securities at a time when investment considerations otherwise indicate that it would be disadvantageous to do so.

 

In addition to the foregoing, each Fund is authorized to borrow money as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes in amounts not in excess of 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets. Borrowings for extraordinary or emergency purposes are not subject to the foregoing 300% asset coverage requirement. Each Fund is authorized to pledge portfolio securities the Advisor or Sub-Advisor, as applicable, deems appropriate as may be necessary in connection with any borrowings for extraordinary or emergency purposes, in which event such pledging may not exceed 15% of the Fund’s assets, valued at cost.

 

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Cannabis-Related Securities

 

The Funds may invest in securities of companies in the marijuana and hemp business (“Cannabis Companies”) and in derivatives or other instruments that have economic characteristics similar to such securities. Cannabis Companies may be categorized among a wide variety of sectors and industries, including agriculture, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, real estate, retail, and finance. Medical cannabis refers to the use of parts of the marijuana plant, such as hemp and the plant’s chemicals, for the treatment of a variety of diseases or medical conditions. Hemp is a type of cannabis plant whose stalks and seeds may contain chemicals (such as CBD) or have other properties that researchers are exploring as potential treatments for certain health conditions. CBD is a chemical naturally found in the cannabis plant or synthetically created that gives cannabis products their primary medical properties. These medical Cannabis Companies include companies that are involved in research and development of CBD; are engaged in the production, supply chain or distribution of medical cannabis and/or medical cannabis-based consumer products; offer agricultural technologies and equipment, including hydroponics; are involved in leasing property to medical-use cannabis growers; and are involved in offering hemp and CBD products with potential medical or therapeutic benefits. The terms “marijuana” and “cannabis” are used interchangeably. Cannabinoids are the chemical compounds secreted by cannabis plants. Cannabinoids can also be synthetically produced chemical compounds and used in lawful research and development of prescription drugs or other products utilizing cannabinoids as an active ingredient. The Advisor believes that continued legislative changes and social acceptance of cannabis in its various formats could lead to significant growth in cannabis-related public corporations.

 

A Fund will not invest directly in any Cannabis Company that grows, produces, distributes, or sells cannabis or products derived from cannabis in a country, state, province, locality or other political subdivision where this activity is illegal under applicable law. Cannabis Companies do not include companies that grow, produce, distribute, or sell cannabis or products derived from cannabis inside the U.S. This is the case regardless of whether such a company is listed on a U.S. exchange or an exchange in a country where cannabis is legal. Cannabis Companies do not include companies that grow, produce, distribute, or sell cannabis or products derived from cannabis both in a country where its activities are entirely legal and in the U.S. where its activities are legal under state and local law but not under U.S. federal law. Cannabis Companies do not include those companies whose securities trade on the Canadian Stock Exchange. Cannabis Companies only supply products and/or perform activities that are legal under applicable national and local laws, including U.S. federal, state, and local laws. Cannabis Companies may, however, supply such products and perform such activities in the U.S. to companies that grow, produce, distribute, or sell cannabis or products derived from cannabis in a manner that is legal under state and local law but not under U.S. federal law. Cannabis Companies with a presence in the U.S. may engage in pharmaceutical activities and/or grow, produce, distribute, or sell hemp or products derive from hemp but only if such activities are properly licensed and legal under applicable U.S. federal, state, and local laws. If, after acquiring a Cannabis Company’s securities, the Advisor identifies or becomes aware that the company no longer meets a Fund’s definition of Cannabis Companies, the Fund will promptly sell that position.

 

Cannabis Companies are subject to various laws and regulations that may differ at the state/local and federal level. These laws and regulations may (i) significantly affect a Cannabis Company’s ability to secure financing, (ii) impact the market for marijuana business sales and services, and (iii) set limitations on marijuana use, production, transportation, and storage. Cannabis Companies may also be required to secure permits and authorizations from government agencies to cultivate or research marijuana. In addition, Cannabis Companies are subject to the risks associated with the greater agricultural industry, including changes to or trends that affect commodity prices, labor costs, weather conditions, and laws and regulations related to environmental protection, health and safety. Cannabis Companies may also be subject to risks associated with the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. These risks include increased government regulation, the use and enforcement of intellectual property rights and patents, technological change and obsolescence, product liability lawsuits, and the risk that research and development may not necessarily lead to commercially successful products.

 

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U.S. Regulation of Marijuana. Although the medical use of marijuana is legal in more than half of the states as well as the District of Columbia and non-medical use of marijuana is legal in an increasing number of states and the District of Columbia, the possession and use of marijuana remains illegal under U.S. federal law. Actions by federal regulatory agencies, such as increased enforcement of federal marijuana laws and the prosecution of nonviolent federal drug crimes by the Department of Justice (“DOJ”), could produce a chilling effect on the industry’s growth and discourage banks from expanding their services to cannabis-related companies. This conflict between the regulation of marijuana under federal and state law creates volatility and risk for all cannabis-related companies. Because marijuana is currently classified as a Schedule I controlled substance, no drug product containing cannabis or cannabis extracts has been approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or obtained registrations for commercial production from the Drug Enforcement Agency (“DEA”). A Schedule I controlled substance is defined as a drug with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. There is no guarantee that such products will ever be legally produced or sold in the U.S. and, even if a drug product containing cannabis or cannabis extracts were to receive the required government approvals for use in commercial production, the drug product may be subject to significant government regulation regarding manufacture, importation, exportation, domestic distribution, storage, sale, and legitimate use. Cannabis Companies in the U.S. that engage in medical or pharmaceutical research or the production and distribution of controlled substances such as marijuana must be registered with the DEA to perform such activities and have the security, control, recordkeeping, reporting and inventory mechanisms required by the DEA to prevent drug loss and diversion. With respect to Cannabis Companies and vendors servicing such companies, the Fund will not invest directly in the securities of companies that grow, sell, distribute, transport, or handle cannabis unless they are registered with the DEA or otherwise in compliance with U.S. federal regulations, thus allowing them to legally handle the product. Compliance failures related to these regulatory requirements may substantially harm a Cannabis Company’s ability to conduct marijuana research. In addition, because cannabis is a Schedule I controlled substance, Section 280E of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Internal Revenue Code”) applies by its terms to the purchase and sale of medical-use cannabis products and provides that no deduction or credit is allowed for expenses incurred during a taxable year “in carrying on any trade or business if such trade or business (or the activities which comprise such trade or business) consists of trafficking in controlled substances (within the meaning of Schedules I and II of the Controlled Substances Act) which is prohibited by federal law or the law of any state in which such trade or business is conducted.” The disallowance of such tax deductions will likely affect the value of Cannabis Companies.

 

Non-U.S. Regulation of Marijuana. Laws and regulations related to the possession, use (medical or recreational), sale, transport and cultivation of marijuana vary throughout the world, and the Fund will only invest in non-U.S. Cannabis Companies if such companies are operating legally in the relevant jurisdiction. These laws and regulations are subject to change and may have a significant impact on the operations of a Cannabis Company. Such operations may be legal under current law, but may be illegal in the future if the applicable law changes to prohibit marijuana-related activities vital to the company’s business.

 

U.S. Regulation of Hemp. Hemp, as defined in the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (the “Farm Bill”), refers to cannabis plants with a tetrahydrocannabinol (“THC”) concentration of not more than 0.3% on a dry weight basis. The Farm Bill effectively removes hemp, its extracts, derivatives, and cannabinoids (including CBD) from the Controlled Substances Act’s (“CSA”) list of controlled substances and allows states to regulate its production, commerce, and research with approval from the USDA. Certain portfolio holdings may sell dietary supplements and/or foods containing CBD within the United States.

 

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While the Farm Bill removes hemp and hemp-derived products from the controlled substances list under the CSA, it does not legalize CBD in every circumstance. CBD, depending on the source from which it was derived, can still be classified as a Schedule I substance under the CSA’s definition of “marihuana.” The exception for CBD from the definition of “marihuana” only applies if the CBD is derived from “hemp.” U.S. federal law also requires that: (i) the hemp is produced by a licensed producer; and (ii) in a manner consistent with the applicable federal and state regulations. CBD and other cannabinoids produced from marijuana as defined by the CSA remain an illegal Schedule I substance under federal law. In addition, many state laws include all CBD within definitions of marijuana and some states have policies or laws that otherwise prohibit or restrict CBD sales.

 

Under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, if a substance (such as CBD) is an active ingredient in a drug product that has been approved by the FDA, then the substance cannot be sold in dietary supplements or foods without FDA approval, unless the substance was marketed as a dietary supplement or as a conventional food before the drug was approved or before the new drug investigations were authorized. The FDA has publicly taken the position that CBD cannot be sold in dietary supplements or foods because CBD is an active ingredient in an FDA-approved drug, while companies that sell CBD in dietary supplements and foods have taken the contrary position. Because the FDA has not brought enforcement action against such companies, this question of fact has not yet been adjudicated. In the absence of a conclusive legal determination to the contrary, as of the date of this prospectus, it has not been determined that the sale of dietary supplements and/or foods containing CBD within the United States would cause a company’s securities to be ineligible for inclusion in the Fund’s portfolio. It is possible that such a legal determination or future federal and/or state laws or regulations could materially curtail permissible uses of hemp, which could have an adverse effect of the value of the Fund’s investments in companies with business interests in hemp and hemp-based products.

 

Currency Transactions

 

Foreign Currencies. Each Fund may invest directly and indirectly in foreign currencies. The AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF, AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF and AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF, in particular, are expected to have investment exposure to foreign currencies. Each Fund may conduct foreign currency transactions on a spot (i.e., cash) or forward basis (i.e., by entering into forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies). Currency transactions made on a spot basis are for cash at the spot rate prevailing in the currency exchange market for buying or selling currency. Although foreign exchange dealers generally do not charge a fee for such conversions, they do realize a profit based on the difference between the prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies. Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the counterparty desire to resell that currency to the dealer. When used for hedging purposes, forward currency contracts tend to limit any potential gain that may be realized if the value of the Fund’s foreign holdings increases because of currency fluctuations.

 

Investments in foreign currencies are subject to numerous risks, not the least of which is the fluctuation of foreign currency exchange rates with respect to the U.S. dollar. Exchange rates fluctuate for a number of reasons.

 

Inflation. Exchange rates change to reflect changes in a currency’s buying power. Different countries experience different inflation rates due to different monetary and fiscal policies, different product and labor market conditions, and a host of other factors.

 

Trade Deficits. Countries with trade deficits tend to experience a depreciating currency. Inflation may be the cause of a trade deficit, making a country’s goods more expensive and less competitive and so reducing demand for its currency.

 

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Interest Rates. High interest rates may raise currency values in the short term by making such currencies more attractive to investors. However, since high interest rates are often the result of high inflation, long-term results may be the opposite.

 

Budget Deficits and Low Savings Rates. Countries that run large budget deficits and save little of their national income tend to suffer a depreciating currency because they are forced to borrow abroad to finance their deficits. Payments of interest on this debt can inundate the currency markets with the currency of the debtor nation. Budget deficits also can indirectly contribute to currency depreciation if a government chooses inflationary measures to cope with its deficits and debts.

 

Political Factors. Political instability in a country can cause a currency to depreciate. Demand for a certain currency may fall if a country appears a less desirable place in which to invest and do business.

 

Government Control. Through their own buying and selling of currencies, the world’s central banks sometimes manipulate exchange rate movements. In addition, governments occasionally issue statements to influence people’s expectations about the direction of exchange rates, or they may instigate policies with an exchange rate target as the goal. The value of a Fund’s investments is calculated in U.S. dollars each day that the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open for business. As a result, to the extent that a Fund’s assets are invested in instruments denominated in foreign currencies and the currencies appreciate relative to the U.S. dollar, the Fund’s NAV as expressed in U.S. dollars (and, therefore, the value of your investment) should increase. If the U.S. dollar appreciates relative to the other currencies, the opposite should occur. The currency-related gains and losses experienced by the Fund will be based on changes in the value of portfolio securities attributable to currency fluctuations only in relation to the original purchase price of such securities as stated in U.S. dollars. Gains or losses on shares of the Fund will be based on changes attributable to fluctuations in the NAV of such shares, expressed in U.S. dollars, in relation to the original U.S. dollar purchase price of the shares. The amount of appreciation or depreciation in the Fund’s assets also will be affected by the net investment income generated by the money market instruments in which the Fund invests and by changes in the value of the securities that are unrelated to changes in currency exchange rates.

 

A Fund may incur currency exchange costs when it sells instruments denominated in one currency and buys instruments denominated in another.

 

Currency-Related Derivatives and Other Financial Instruments. Although the Funds do not currently expect to engage in currency hedging, each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may use currency transactions in order to hedge the value of portfolio holdings denominated in particular currencies against fluctuations in relative value. Currency transactions include forward currency contracts, exchange-listed currency futures and options thereon, exchange-listed and over-the-counter (“OTC”) options on currencies, and currency swaps. A forward currency contract involves a privately negotiated obligation to purchase or sell (with delivery generally required) a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts are traded in the interbank market conducted directly between currency traders (usually large, commercial banks) and their customers. A forward foreign currency contract generally has no deposit requirement, and no commissions are charged at any stage for trades. A currency swap is an agreement to exchange cash flows based on the notional difference among two or more currencies and operates similarly to an interest rate swap, which is described below. A Fund may enter into currency transactions with counterparties which have received (or the guarantors of the obligations of which have received) a short-term credit rating of A-1 or P-1 by S&P or Moody’s, respectively, or that have an equivalent rating from a Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization (“NRSRO”) or (except for OTC currency options) are determined to be of equivalent credit quality by the Advisor.

 

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A Fund’s or an underlying ETP’s dealings in forward currency contracts and other currency transactions such as futures, options on futures, options on currencies and swaps will be limited to hedging involving either specific transactions (“Transaction Hedging”) or portfolio positions (“Position Hedging”). Transaction Hedging is entering into a currency transaction with respect to specific assets or liabilities of a Fund or an underlying fund, which will generally arise in connection with the purchase or sale of its portfolio securities or the receipt of income therefrom. A Fund of Funds or certain of the underlying ETPs may enter into Transaction Hedging out of a desire to preserve the U.S. dollar price of a security when it enters into a contract for the purchase or sale of a security denominated in a foreign currency. A Fund or certain of the underlying ETPs may be able to protect itself against possible losses resulting from changes in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies during the period between the date the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received by entering into a forward contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of dollars, of the amount of the foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions.

 

Position Hedging is entering into a currency transaction with respect to portfolio security positions denominated or generally quoted in that currency. A Fund of Funds or certain of the underlying ETPs use Position Hedging when the Advisor believes that the currency of a particular foreign country may suffer a substantial decline against the U.S. dollar. A Fund or certain of the underlying ETPs may enter into a forward foreign currency contract to sell, for a fixed amount of dollars, the amount of foreign currency approximating the value of some or all of its portfolio securities denominated in such foreign currency. The precise matching of the forward foreign currency contract amount and the value of the portfolio securities involved may not have a perfect correlation since the future value of the securities hedged will change as a consequence of the market between the date the forward contract is entered into and the date it matures. The projection of short-term currency market movement is difficult, and the successful execution of this short-term hedging strategy is uncertain.

 

A Fund or certain of the underlying ETPs will not enter into a transaction to hedge currency exposure to an extent greater, after netting all transactions intended wholly or partially to offset other transactions, than the aggregate market value (at the time of entering into the transaction) of the securities held in its portfolio that are denominated or generally quoted in or currently convertible into such currency, other than with respect to Proxy Hedging as described below.

 

A Fund or certain of the underlying ETPs in which it invests may also cross-hedge currencies by entering into transactions to purchase or sell one or more currencies that are expected to decline in value relative to other currencies to which that Fund or underlying ETP has or in which that Fund or underlying ETP expects to have portfolio exposure.

 

To reduce the effect of currency fluctuations on the value of existing or anticipated holdings of portfolio securities, a Fund of Funds or certain of the underlying ETPs may also engage in Proxy Hedging. Proxy hedging is often used when the currency to which a fund’s portfolio is exposed is difficult to hedge or to hedge against the dollar. Proxy hedging entails entering into a forward contract to sell a currency whose changes in value are generally considered to be linked to a currency or currencies in which some or all of a fund’s portfolio securities are or are expected to be denominated, and to buy U.S. dollars. The amount of the contract would not exceed the value of the fund’s securities denominated in linked currencies. For example, if the Advisor considers that the Swedish krona is linked to the euro, the Fund or certain of the underlying ETPs holds securities denominated in krona and the Advisor believes that the value of the krona will decline against the U.S. dollar, the Advisor may enter into a contract to sell euros and buy dollars.

 

Currency hedging involves some of the same risks and considerations as other transactions with similar instruments. Currency transactions can result in losses to a Fund or certain of the underlying ETPs if the currency being hedged fluctuates in value to a degree or in a direction that is not anticipated. Furthermore, there is risk that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present during the particular time that a Fund or certain of the underlying ETPs in which it invests is engaging in Proxy Hedging. If a Fund or certain of the underlying ETPs in which it invests enters into a currency hedging transaction, the Fund or the underlying ETP will “cover” its position so as not to create a “senior security” as defined in Section 18 of the 1940 Act.

 

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Currency transactions are subject to risks different from those of other portfolio transactions. Because currency control is of great importance to the issuing governments and influences economic planning and policy, purchase and sales of currency and related instruments can be negatively affected by government exchange controls, blockages, and manipulations or exchange restrictions imposed by governments. These actions can result in losses to a Fund or certain of the underlying ETPs in which it invests if it is unable to deliver or receive currency or funds in settlement of obligations and could also cause hedges it has entered into to be rendered useless, resulting in full currency exposure as well as incurring transaction costs. Buyers and sellers of currency futures are subject to the same risks that apply to the use of futures generally. Furthermore, settlement of a currency futures contract for the purchase of most currencies must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. Trading options on currency futures is relatively new, and the ability to establish and close out positions on such options is subject to the maintenance of a liquid market, which may not always be available. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate based on factors extrinsic to that country’s economy. Although forward foreign currency contracts and currency futures tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, at the same time they tend to limit any potential gain which might result should the value of such currency increase.

 

A Fund of Funds may also buy or sell put and call options on foreign currencies either on exchanges or in the OTC market. A put option on a foreign currency gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell a foreign currency at the exercise price until the option expires. A call option on a foreign currency gives the purchaser of the option the right to purchase the currency at the exercise price until the option expires. Currency options traded on U.S. or other exchanges may be subject to position limits which may limit the ability of a Fund to reduce foreign currency risk using such options. OTC options differ from exchange-traded options in that they are two-party contracts with price and other terms negotiated between the buyer and seller, and generally do not have as much market liquidity as exchange-traded options.

 

Each Fund of Funds may invest in a combination of forward currency contracts and U.S. dollar-denominated market instruments in an attempt to obtain an investment result that is substantially the same as a direct investment in a foreign currency-denominated instrument. This investment technique creates a “synthetic” position in the particular foreign-currency instrument whose performance the manager is trying to duplicate. For example, the combination of U.S. dollar-denominated instruments with “long” forward currency exchange contracts creates a position economically equivalent to a money market instrument denominated in the foreign currency itself. Such combined positions are sometimes necessary when the market in a particular foreign currency is small or relatively illiquid.

 

The Funds are not required to enter into forward currency contracts for hedging purposes and it is possible that the Funds may not be able to hedge against a currency devaluation that is so generally anticipated that the Funds are unable to contract to sell the currency at a price above the devaluation level it anticipates. It also is possible that, under certain circumstances, the Funds may have to limit their currency transactions to qualify as “regulated investment companies” (“RICs”) under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”).

 

The Funds of Funds currently do not intend to enter into forward currency contracts with a term of more than one year, or to engage in Position Hedging with respect to the currency of a particular country to more than the aggregate market value (at the time the hedging transaction is entered into) of its portfolio securities denominated in (or quoted in or currently convertible into or directly related through the use of forward currency contracts in conjunction with money market instruments to) that particular currency.

 

At or before the maturity of a forward currency contract, the Funds of Funds may either sell a portfolio security and make delivery of the currency, or retain the security and terminate its contractual obligation to deliver the currency by buying an “offsetting” contract obligating it to buy, on the same maturity date, the same amount of the currency.

 

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If a Fund of Funds engages in an offsetting transaction, the Fund may later enter into a new forward currency contract to sell the currency. If a Fund engages in an offsetting transaction, the Fund will incur a gain or loss to the extent that there has been movement in forward currency contract prices. If forward prices go down during the period between the date a Fund enters into a forward currency contract for the sale of a currency and the date it enters into an offsetting contract for the purchase of the currency, the Fund will realize a gain to the extent that the price of the currency it has agreed to sell exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to buy. If forward prices go up, the Fund will suffer a loss to the extent the price of the currency it has agreed to buy exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to sell.

 

The Funds of Funds may convert their holdings of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars from time to time, but will incur the costs of currency conversion. Foreign exchange dealers do not charge a fee for conversion, but they do realize a profit based on the difference between the prices at which they buy and sell various currencies. Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency to a Fund at one rate, and offer to buy the currency at a lower rate if the Fund tries to resell the currency to the dealer.

 

Foreign Currency Exchange-Related Securities. Each Fund of Funds may invest in foreign currency warrants. Foreign currency warrants such as Currency Exchange WarrantsSM (“CEWsSM”) are warrants which entitle the holder to receive from their issuer an amount of cash (generally, for warrants issued in the United States, in U.S. dollars) which is calculated pursuant to a predetermined formula and based on the exchange rate between a specified foreign currency and the U.S. dollar as of the exercise date of the warrant. Foreign currency warrants generally are exercisable upon their issuance and expire as of a specified date and time. Foreign currency warrants have been issued in connection with U.S. dollar-denominated debt offerings by major corporate issuers in an attempt to reduce the foreign currency exchange risk which, from the point of view of prospective purchasers of the securities, is inherent in the international fixed-income marketplace. Foreign currency warrants may attempt to reduce the foreign exchange risk assumed by purchasers of a security by, for example, providing for a supplemental payment in the event that the U.S. dollar depreciates against the value of a major foreign currency such as the Japanese yen or the euro. The formula used to determine the amount payable upon exercise of a foreign currency warrant may make the warrant worthless unless the applicable foreign currency exchange rate moves in a particular direction (i.e., unless the U.S. dollar appreciates or depreciates against the particular foreign currency to which the warrant is linked or indexed). Foreign currency warrants are severable from the debt obligations with which they may be offered, and may be listed on exchanges. Foreign currency warrants may be exercisable only in certain minimum amounts, and an investor wishing to exercise warrants who possesses less than the minimum number required for exercise may be required either to sell the warrants or to purchase additional warrants, thereby incurring additional transaction costs. In the case of any exercise of warrants, there may be a time delay between the time a holder of warrants gives instructions to exercise and the time the exchange rate relating to exercise is determined, during which time the exchange rate could change significantly, thereby affecting both the market and cash settlement values of the warrants being exercised. The expiration date of the warrants may be accelerated if the warrants should be delisted from an exchange or if their trading should be suspended permanently, which would result in the loss of any remaining “time value” of the warrants (i.e., the difference between the current market value and the exercise value of the warrants), and, in the case the warrants were “out-of-the-money,” in a total loss of the purchase price of the warrants.

 

Warrants are generally unsecured obligations of their issuers and are not standardized foreign currency options issued by the Options Clearing Corporation (“OCC”). Unlike foreign currency options issued by OCC, the terms of foreign exchange warrants generally will not be amended in the event of governmental or regulatory actions affecting exchange rates or in the event of the imposition of other regulatory controls affecting the international currency markets. The initial public offering price of foreign currency warrants is generally considerably in excess of the price that a commercial user of foreign currencies might pay in the interbank market for a comparable option involving significantly larger amounts of foreign currencies. Foreign currency warrants are subject to significant foreign exchange risk, including risks arising from complex political or economic factors.

 

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The Funds of Funds may also invest in principal exchange rate linked securities (“PERLsSM”). PERLsSM are debt obligations the principal on which is payable at maturity in an amount that may vary based on the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and a particular foreign currency at or about the time of maturity. The return on “standard” PERLsSM is enhanced if the foreign currency to which the security is linked appreciates against the U.S. dollar, and is adversely affected by increases in the foreign exchange value of the U.S. dollar; “reverse” PERLsSM are like the “standard” securities, except that their return is enhanced by increases in the value of the U.S. dollar and adversely impacted by increases in the value of foreign currency. Interest payments on the securities are generally made in U.S. dollars at rates that reflect the degree of foreign currency risk assumed or given up by the purchaser of the notes (i.e., at relatively higher interest rates if the purchaser has assumed some of the foreign exchange risk, or relatively lower interest rates if the issuer has assumed some of the foreign exchange risk, based on the expectations of the current market). PERLsSM may in limited cases be subject to acceleration of maturity (generally, not without the consent of the holders of the securities), which may have an adverse impact on the value of the principal payment to be made at maturity.

 

The Funds of Funds may invest in performance indexed paper (“PIPsSM”). PIPsSM is U.S. dollar-denominated commercial paper the yield of which is linked to certain foreign exchange rate movements. The yield to the investor on PIPsSM is established at maturity as a function of spot exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and a designated currency as of or about that time (generally, the index maturity two days prior to maturity). The yield to the investor will be within a range stipulated at the time of purchase of the obligation, generally with a guaranteed minimum rate of return that is below, and a potential maximum rate of return that is above, market yields on U.S. dollar-denominated commercial paper, with both the minimum and maximum rates of return on the investment corresponding to the minimum and maximum values of the spot exchange rate two business days prior to maturity.

 

Depositary Receipts

 

To the extent a Fund invests in stocks of foreign corporations, the Fund’s investment in securities of foreign companies may be in the form of depositary receipts or other securities convertible into securities of foreign issuers. American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) are dollar-denominated receipts representing interests in the securities of a foreign issuer, which securities may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the securities into which they may be converted. ADRs are receipts typically issued by U.S. banks and trust companies that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. Generally, ADRs in registered form are designed for use in domestic securities markets and are traded on exchanges or over-the-counter in the United States.

 

Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) and International Depositary Receipts (“IDRs”) are similar to ADRs in that they are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer; however, GDRs, EDRs, and IDRs may be issued in bearer form and denominated in other currencies and are generally designed for use in specific or multiple securities markets outside the United States. EDRs, for example, are designed for use in European securities markets, while GDRs are designed for use throughout the world. Depositary receipts will not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as their underlying securities.

 

A Fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipts or any depositary receipt that the Advisor deems to be illiquid or for which pricing information is not readily available. In addition, all depositary receipts generally must be sponsored. However, the Funds may invest in unsponsored depositary receipts under certain limited circumstances. The issuers of unsponsored depositary receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the United States and, therefore, there may be less information available regarding such issuers and there may not be a correlation between such information and the value of the depositary receipts.

 

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Equity Securities

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in equity securities. Equity securities represent ownership interests in a company or partnership and consist of common stocks, preferred stocks, warrants to acquire common stock, securities convertible into common stock, and investments in master limited partnerships. Investments in equity securities in general are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. Fluctuations in the value of equity securities in which the Fund invests will cause the NAV per share of the Fund to fluctuate. The U.S. stock market tends to be cyclical, with periods when stock prices generally rise and periods when stock prices generally decline. Each Fund, or an underlying ETP, may purchase equity securities traded in the U.S. on registered exchanges or the over-the-counter market. Each Fund may invest in the types of equity securities described below:

 

Common Stock. Common stock represents an equity or ownership interest in an issuer. In the event an issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of owners of bonds and preferred stock take precedence over the claims of those who own common stock.

 

Preferred Stock. Preferred stock represents an equity or ownership interest in an issuer that pays dividends at a specified rate and that has precedence over common stock in the payment of dividends. In the event an issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of owners of bonds take precedence over the claims of those who own preferred and common stock.

 

Warrants. Warrants are instruments that entitle the holder to buy an equity security at a specific price for a specific period of time. Changes in the value of a warrant do not necessarily correspond to changes in the value of its underlying security. The price of a warrant may be more volatile than the price of its underlying security, and a warrant may offer greater potential for capital appreciation as well as capital loss. Warrants do not entitle a holder to dividends or voting rights with respect to the underlying security and do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuing company. A warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to its expiration date. These factors can make warrants more speculative than other types of investments.

 

Convertible Securities. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stocks or other securities that may be converted or exchanged (by the holder or by the issuer) into shares of the underlying common stock (or cash or securities of equivalent value) at a stated exchange ratio. A convertible security may also be called for redemption or conversion by the issuer after a particular date and under certain circumstances (including a specified price) established upon issue. If a convertible security held by a Fund is called for redemption or conversion, the Fund could be required to tender it for redemption, convert it into the underlying common stock, or sell it to a third-party.

 

Convertible securities generally have less potential for gain or loss than common stocks. Convertible securities generally provide yields higher than the underlying common stocks, but generally lower than comparable non-convertible securities. Because of this higher yield, convertible securities generally sell at a price above their “conversion value,” which is the current market value of the stock to be received upon conversion. The difference between this conversion value and the price of convertible securities will vary over time depending on changes in the value of the underlying common stocks and interest rates. When the underlying common stocks decline in value, convertible securities will tend not to decline to the same extent because of the interest or dividend payments and the repayment of principal at maturity for certain types of convertible securities. However, securities that are convertible other than at the option of the holder generally do not limit the potential for loss to the same extent as securities convertible at the option of the holder. When the underlying common stocks rise in value, the value of convertible securities may also be expected to increase. At the same time, however, the difference between the market value of convertible securities and their conversion value will narrow, which means that the value of convertible securities will generally not increase to the same extent as the value of the underlying common stocks. Because convertible securities may also be interest-rate sensitive, their value may increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Convertible securities are also subject to credit risk, and are often lower-quality securities.

 

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Small and Medium Capitalization Companies. Investing in equity securities of small and medium capitalization companies often involves greater risk than is customarily associated with investments in larger capitalization companies. This increased risk may be due to the greater business risks of smaller size, limited markets and financial resources, narrow product lines and frequent lack of depth of management. The securities of smaller companies are often traded in the over-the-counter market and even if listed on a national securities exchange may not be traded in volumes typical for that exchange. Consequently, the securities of smaller companies are less likely to be liquid, may have limited market stability, and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than securities of larger, more established growth companies or the market averages in general.

 

Large Capitalization Companies. Investments in large capitalization companies may go in and out of favor based on market and economic conditions and may underperform other market segments. Some large capitalization companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges, such as changes in technology and consumer tastes, and may not be able to attain the high growth rate of successful smaller companies, especially during extended periods of economic expansion. As such, returns on investments in stocks of large capitalization companies could trail the returns on investments in stocks of small and mid-capitalization companies.

 

Master Limited Partnerships (“MLPs”). MLPs are limited partnerships in which the ownership units are publicly traded. MLP units are registered with the SEC and are freely traded on a securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market. MLPs often own several properties or businesses (or own interests) that are related to real estate development and oil and gas industries, but they also may finance motion pictures, research and development and other projects. Generally, an MLP is operated under the supervision of one or more managing general partners. Limited partners are not involved in the day-to-day management of the partnership.

 

The risks of investing in an MLP are generally those involved in investing in a partnership as opposed to a corporation. For example, state law governing partnerships is often less restrictive than state law governing corporations. Accordingly, there may be fewer protections afforded investors in an MLP than investors in a corporation. Additional risks involved with investing in an MLP are risks associated with the specific industry or industries in which the partnership invests, such as the risks of investing in real estate, or the oil and gas industries.

 

Rights. A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe to shares of a new issue of common stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life of usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price. An investment in rights may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. Investing in rights increases the potential profit or loss to be realized from the investment as compared with investing the same amount in the underlying securities.

 

Investments in Foreign Equity Securities. A Fund may invest in the equity securities of foreign issuers, including the securities of foreign issuers in emerging countries. Emerging or developing markets exist in countries that are considered to be in the initial stages of industrialization. The risks of investing in these markets are similar to the risks of international investing in general, although the risks are greater in emerging and developing markets. Countries with emerging or developing securities markets tend to have economic structures that are less stable than countries with developed securities markets. This is because their economies may be based on only a few industries and their securities markets may trade a small number of securities. Prices on these exchanges tend to be volatile, and securities in these countries historically have offered greater potential for gain (as well as loss) than securities of companies located in developed countries.

 

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Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs)

 

Each Fund may, and the AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF and AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF intend to, invest in ETNs. ETNs are senior, unsecured unsubordinated debt securities issued by an underwriting bank that are designed to provide returns that are linked to a particular benchmark less investor fees. ETNs have a maturity date and, generally, are backed only by the creditworthiness of the issuer. As a result, the value of an ETN may be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in the underlying market (e.g., the commodities market), changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuer’s credit rating, and economic, legal, political or geographic events that affect the referenced market. ETNs also may be subject to credit risk.

 

It is expected that the issuer’s credit rating will be investment-grade at the time of investment, however, the credit rating may be revised or withdrawn at any time and there is no assurance that a credit rating will remain in effect for any given time period. If a rating agency lowers the issuer’s credit rating or there is a decline in the perceived creditworthiness of the issuer, the value of the ETN will decline, as a lower credit rating reflects a greater risk that the issuer will default on its obligation to ETN investors. A Fund must pay an investor fee when investing in an ETN, which will reduce the amount of return on investment at maturity or upon redemption. There may be restrictions on the Fund’s right to redeem its investment in an ETN, which is meant to be held until maturity. There are no periodic interest payments for ETNs, and principal typically is not protected. As is the case with other ETPs, an investor could lose some of or the entire amount invested in ETNs. A Fund’s decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market.

 

Fixed Income Securities

 

Each Fund may invest in fixed income securities. The market value of fixed income investments will change in response to interest rate changes and other factors. During periods of falling interest rates, the values of outstanding fixed income securities generally rise. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, the values of such securities generally decline. Moreover, while securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields, the prices of longer maturity securities are also subject to greater market fluctuations as a result of changes in interest rates. Changes by recognized agencies in the rating of any fixed income security and in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal also affect the value of these investments. Changes in the value of these securities will not necessarily affect cash income derived from these securities but will affect an investing Fund’s NAV. Additional information regarding fixed income securities is described below.

 

Duration. Duration is a measure of the expected change in value of a fixed income security for a given change in interest rates. For example, if interest rates changed by one percent, the value of a security having an effective duration of two years generally would vary by two percent. Duration takes the length of the time intervals between the present time and time that the interest and principal payments are scheduled, or in the case of a callable bond, expected to be received, and weighs them by the present values of the cash to be received at each future point in time.

 

Creditor Liability and Participation on Creditors Committees. Generally, when a fund holds bonds or other similar fixed income securities of an issuer, the fund becomes a creditor of the issuer. If a Fund is a creditor of an issuer it, may be subject to challenges related to the securities that it holds, either in connection with the bankruptcy of the issuer or in connection with another action brought by other creditors of the issuer, shareholders of the issuer or the issuer itself. A Fund may from time to time participate on committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled issuers of securities held by the Fund. Such participation may subject a Fund to expenses such as legal fees and may make the Fund an “insider” of the issuer for purposes of the federal securities laws, and therefore may restrict the Fund’s ability to trade in or acquire additional positions in a particular security when it might otherwise desire to do so. Participation by a Fund on such committees also may expose the Fund to potential liabilities under the federal bankruptcy laws or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. A Fund will participate on such committees only when its Sub-Advisor believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Fund’s rights as a creditor or to protect the value of securities held by the Fund. Further, a Sub-Advisor has the authority to represent the Trust, or its Fund, on creditors committees or similar committees and generally with respect to challenges related to the securities held by the Fund relating to the bankruptcy of an issuer or in connection with another action brought by other creditors of the issuer, shareholders of the issuer or the issuer itself.

 

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Variable and Floating Rate Securities. Variable and floating rate instruments involve certain obligations that may carry variable or floating rates of interest, and may involve a conditional or unconditional demand feature. Such instruments bear interest at rates which are not fixed, but which vary with changes in specified market rates or indices. The interest rates on these securities may be reset daily, weekly, quarterly, or some other reset period, and may have a set floor or ceiling on interest rate changes. There is a risk that the current interest rate on such obligations may not accurately reflect existing market interest rates. A demand instrument with a demand notice exceeding seven days may be considered illiquid if there is no secondary market for such security.

 

Bank Obligations. Bank obligations may include certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, and fixed time deposits. Certificates of deposit are negotiable certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a specified return. Bankers’ acceptances are negotiable drafts or bills of exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific merchandise, which are “accepted” by a bank, meaning, in effect, that the bank unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument on maturity. Fixed time deposits are bank obligations payable at a stated maturity date and bearing interest at a fixed rate. Fixed time deposits may be withdrawn on demand by the investor, but may be subject to early withdrawal penalties which vary depending upon market conditions and the remaining maturity of the obligation. There are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial interest in a fixed time deposit to a third-party, although there is no market for such deposits. A Fund will not invest in fixed time deposits which (1) are not subject to prepayment or (2) provide for withdrawal penalties upon prepayment (other than overnight deposits) if, in the aggregate, more than 15% of its net assets would be invested in such deposits, repurchase agreements with remaining maturities of more than seven days and other illiquid assets. Subject to the Trust’s limitation on concentration, as described in the “Investment Restrictions” section below, there is no limitation on the amount of a Fund’s assets which may be invested in obligations of foreign banks which meet the conditions set forth herein.

 

Obligations of foreign banks involve somewhat different investment risks than those affecting obligations of U.S. banks, including the possibilities that their liquidity could be impaired because of future political and economic developments, that their obligations may be less marketable than comparable obligations of U.S. banks, that a foreign jurisdiction might impose withholding taxes on interest income payable on those obligations, that foreign deposits may be seized or nationalized, that foreign governmental restrictions such as exchange controls may be adopted which might adversely affect the payment of principal and interest on those obligations and that the selection of those obligations may be more difficult because there may be less publicly available information concerning foreign banks or the accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements applicable to foreign banks may differ from those applicable to United States banks. Foreign banks are not generally subject to examination by any United States Government agency or instrumentality.

 

Debt Securities. Fixed income securities are debt securities. A debt security is a security consisting of a certificate or other evidence of a debt (secured or unsecured) on which the issuing company or governmental body promises to pay the holder thereof a fixed, variable, or floating rate of interest for a specified length of time, and to repay the debt on the specified maturity date, as discussed above. Some debt securities, such as zero coupon bonds, do not make regular interest payments but are issued at a discount to their principal or maturity value. Debt securities include a variety of fixed income obligations, including, but not limited to, corporate debt securities, government securities, municipal securities, convertible securities, and mortgage-backed securities. Debt securities include investment-grade securities, non-investment-grade securities, and unrated securities. Debt securities are subject to a variety of risks, such as interest rate risk, income risk, call/prepayment risk, inflation risk, credit risk, and currency risk.

 

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Corporate Debt Securities. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may, and the AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF intends to, invest in corporate debt securities representative of one or more high yield bond or credit derivative indices, which may change from time to time. Selection will generally be dependent on independent credit analysis or fundamental analysis performed by the Fund’s Sub-Advisor. A Fund may invest in all grades of corporate debt securities, including below investment-grade securities, as discussed below. See Appendix A for a description of corporate bond ratings. A Fund also may invest in unrated securities.

 

Corporate debt securities are typically fixed-income securities issued by businesses to finance their operations. Notes, bonds, debentures and commercial paper are the most common types of corporate debt securities. The primary differences between the different types of corporate debt securities are their maturities and secured or unsecured status. Commercial paper has the shortest term and is usually unsecured. The broad category of corporate debt securities includes debt issued by domestic or foreign companies of all kinds, including those with small-, mid- and large-capitalizations. Corporate debt may be rated investment-grade or below investment-grade and may carry variable or floating rates of interest.

 

Because of the wide range of types, and maturities, of corporate debt securities, as well as the range of creditworthiness of its issuers, corporate debt securities have widely varying potentials for return and risk profiles. For example, commercial paper issued by a large established domestic corporation that is rated investment-grade may have a modest return on principal, but carries relatively limited risk. On the other hand, a long-term corporate note issued by a small foreign corporation from an emerging market country that has not been rated may have the potential for relatively large returns on principal, but carries a relatively high degree of risk.

 

Corporate debt securities carry both credit risk and interest rate risk. Credit risk is the risk that a fund could lose money if the issuer of a corporate debt security is unable to pay interest or repay principal when it is due. Some corporate debt securities that are rated below investment-grade are generally considered speculative because they present a greater risk of loss, including default, than higher quality debt securities. The credit risk of a particular issuer’s debt security may vary based on its priority for repayment. For example, higher ranking (senior) debt securities have a higher priority than lower-ranking (subordinated) securities. This means that the issuer might not make payments on subordinated securities while continuing to make payments on senior securities. In addition, in the event of bankruptcy, holders of higher-ranking senior securities may receive amounts otherwise payable to the holders of more junior securities. Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of certain corporate debt securities will tend to fall when interest rates rise. In general, corporate debt securities with longer terms tend to fall more in value when interest rates rise than corporate debt securities with shorter terms.

 

Below Investment-Grade Debt Securities. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may, and the AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF intends to, invest in below investment-grade securities. Below investment-grade securities, also referred to as “high yield securities” or “junk bonds,” are debt securities that are rated lower than the four highest rating categories by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (for example, lower than Baa3 by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or (“Moody’s”) lower than BBB- by Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”)) or are determined to be of comparable quality by the Fund’s Sub-Advisor. These securities are generally considered to be, on balance, predominantly speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation, and will generally involve more credit risk than securities in the investment-grade categories. Investment in these securities generally provides greater income and increased opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality securities, but they also typically entail greater price volatility and principal and income risk.

 

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Analysis of the creditworthiness of issuers of high yield securities may be more complex than for issuers of investment-grade securities. Thus, reliance on credit ratings in making investment decisions entails greater risks for high yield securities than for investment-grade debt securities. The success of a fund’s advisor in managing high yield securities is more dependent upon its own credit analysis than is the case with investment-grade securities.

 

Some high yield securities are issued by smaller, less-seasoned companies, while others are issued as part of a corporate restructuring, such as an acquisition, merger, or leveraged buyout. Companies that issue high yield securities are often highly leveraged and may not have available to them more traditional methods of financing. Therefore, the risk associated with acquiring the securities of such issuers generally is greater than is the case with investment-grade securities. Some high yield securities were once rated as investment-grade but have been downgraded to junk bond status because of financial difficulties experienced by their issuers.

 

The market values of high yield securities tend to reflect individual issuer developments to a greater extent than do investment-grade securities, which in general react to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. High yield securities also tend to be more sensitive to economic conditions than are investment-grade securities. A projection of an economic downturn or of a period of rising interest rates, for example, could cause a decline in junk bond prices because the advent of a recession could lessen the ability of a highly leveraged company to make principal and interest payments on its debt securities. If an issuer of high yield securities defaults, in addition to risking payment of all or a portion of interest and principal, a fund investing in such securities may incur additional expenses to seek recovery.

 

The secondary market on which high yield securities are traded may be less liquid than the market for investment-grade securities. Less liquidity in the secondary trading market could adversely affect the ability of a fund to sell a high yield security or the price at which a fund could sell a high yield security, and could adversely affect the daily NAV of fund shares. When secondary markets for high yield securities are less liquid than the market for investment-grade securities, it may be more difficult to value the securities because such valuation may require more research, and elements of judgment may play a greater role in the valuation because there is less reliable, objective data available.

 

A Fund will not necessarily dispose of a security if a credit-rating agency downgrades the rating of the security below its rating at the time of purchase. However, its Sub-Advisor will monitor the investment to determine whether continued investment in the security is in the best interest of shareholders.

 

Unrated Debt Securities. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may, and the AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF intends to, invest in unrated debt securities. Unrated debt, while not necessarily lower in quality than rated securities, may not have as broad a market. Because of the size and perceived demand for the issue, among other factors, certain issuers may decide not to pay the cost of getting a rating for their bonds. The creditworthiness of the issuer, as well as any financial institution or other party responsible for payments on the security, will be analyzed to determine whether to purchase unrated bonds.

 

Commercial Paper. Each Fund and certain of the ETPs may, and the AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF intends to, invest in commercial paper. Commercial paper is a short-term obligation with a maturity ranging from one to 270 days issued by banks, corporations and other borrowers. Such investments are unsecured and usually discounted. Each Fund may invest in commercial paper rated A-1 or A-2 by S&P or Prime-1 or Prime-2 by Moody’s.

 

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Inflation-Indexed Bonds. Each Fund and certain of the ETPs may invest in inflation-indexed bonds, which are fixed income securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Two structures are common. The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) accruals as part of a semiannual coupon.

 

Inflation-indexed securities issued by the U.S. Treasury have maturities of five, ten or thirty years, although it is possible that securities with other maturities will be issued in the future. U.S. Treasury securities pay interest on a semi-annual basis, equal to a fixed percentage of the inflation-adjusted principal amount. For example, if a Fund purchased an inflation-indexed bond with a par value of $1,000 and a 3% real rate of return coupon (payable 1.5% semi-annually), and inflation over the first six months was 1%, the mid-year par value of the bond would be $1,010 and the first semi-annual interest payment would be $15.15 ($1,010 times 1.5%). If inflation during the second half of the year resulted in the whole years’ inflation equaling 3%, the end-of-year par value of the bond would be $1,030 and the second semi-annual interest payment would be $15.45 ($1,030 times 1.5%).

 

If the periodic adjustment rate measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed, and will fluctuate. A Fund also may invest in other inflation related bonds which may or may not provide a similar guarantee. If a guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal.

 

The value of inflation-indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. Therefore, if inflation were to rise at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in value of inflation-indexed bonds. In contrast, if nominal interest rates increased at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in value of inflation-indexed bonds.

 

While these securities are expected to be protected from long-term inflationary trends, short-term increases in inflation may lead to a decline in value. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in currency exchange rates), investors in these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bond’s inflation measure.

 

The periodic adjustment of U.S. inflation-indexed bonds is tied to the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (“CPI-U”), which is calculated monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The CPI-U is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy. Inflation-indexed bonds issued by a foreign government are generally adjusted to reflect a comparable inflation index, calculated by that government. There can be no assurance that the CPI-U or any foreign inflation index will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services. Moreover, there can be no assurance that the rate of inflation in a foreign country will be correlated to the rate of inflation in the United States.

 

Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive their principal until maturity.

 

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Mortgage-Related Securities. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may, and the AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Bond ETF and AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF intend to, invest in mortgage-related and asset backed securities. Mortgage-related securities are interests in pools of residential or commercial mortgage loans, including mortgage loans made by savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, commercial banks and others. Pools of mortgage loans are assembled as securities for sale to investors by various governmental, government-related and private organizations. See “Mortgage Pass-Through Securities.” A Fund also may invest in debt securities which are secured with collateral consisting of mortgage-related securities (see “Collateralized Mortgage Obligations”).

 

The 2008 financial downturn, particularly the increase in delinquencies and defaults on residential mortgages, falling home prices, and unemployment, adversely affected the market for mortgage-related securities. In addition, various market and governmental actions may impair the ability to foreclose on or exercise other remedies against underlying mortgage holders, or may reduce the amount received upon foreclosure. These factors have caused certain mortgage-related securities to experience lower valuations and reduced liquidity. There is also no assurance that the U.S. Government will take action to support the mortgage-related securities industry, as it has in the past, should the economy experience another downturn. Further, future government actions may significantly alter the manner in which the mortgage-related securities market functions. Each of these factors could ultimately increase the risk that a Fund could realize losses on mortgage-related securities.

 

Mortgage Pass-Through Securities. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in mortgage pass-through securities. Interests in pools of mortgage-related securities differ from other forms of debt securities, which normally provide for periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts with principal payments at maturity or specified call dates. Instead, these securities provide a monthly payment which consists of both interest and principal payments. In effect, these payments are a “pass-through” of the monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on their residential or commercial mortgage loans, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities. Additional payments are caused by repayments of principal resulting from the sale of the underlying property, refinancing or foreclosure, net of fees or costs which may be incurred. Some mortgage-related securities (such as securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”)) are described as “modified pass-through.” These securities entitle the holder to receive all interest and principal payments owed on the mortgage pool, net of certain fees, at the scheduled payment dates regardless of whether or not the mortgagor actually makes the payment.

 

The rate of pre-payments on underlying mortgages will affect the price and volatility of a mortgage-related security, and may have the effect of shortening or extending the effective duration of the security relative to what was anticipated at the time of purchase. To the extent that unanticipated rates of pre-payment on underlying mortgages increase the effective duration of a mortgage-related security, the volatility of such security can be expected to increase. The residential mortgage market in the United States recently has experienced difficulties that may adversely affect the performance and market value of certain of a Fund’s mortgage-related investments. Delinquencies and losses on residential mortgage loans (especially subprime and second-lien mortgage loans) generally have increased recently and may continue to increase, and a decline in or flattening of housing values (as has recently been experienced and may continue to be experienced in many housing markets) may exacerbate such delinquencies and losses. Borrowers with adjustable rate mortgage loans are more sensitive to changes in interest rates, which affect their monthly mortgage payments, and may be unable to secure replacement mortgages at comparably low interest rates. Also, a number of residential mortgage loan originators have experienced serious financial difficulties or bankruptcy. Owing largely to the foregoing, reduced investor demand for mortgage loans and mortgage-related securities and increased investor yield requirements have caused limited liquidity in the secondary market for certain mortgage-related securities, which can adversely affect the market value of mortgage-related securities. It is possible that such limited liquidity in such secondary markets could continue or worsen.

 

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Agency Mortgage-Related Securities. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in agency mortgage-related securities. The principal governmental guarantor of mortgage-related securities is Ginnie Mae. Ginnie Mae is a wholly owned United States government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Ginnie Mae is authorized to guarantee, with the full faith and credit of the United States government, the timely payment of principal and interest on securities issued by institutions approved by Ginnie Mae (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers) and backed by pools of mortgages insured by the Federal Housing Administration (the “FHA”), or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (the “VA”).

 

Government-related guarantors (i.e., not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government) include the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”). Fannie Mae is a government-sponsored corporation. Fannie Mae purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions and mortgage bankers. Pass-through securities issued by Fannie Mae are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by Fannie Mae, but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government. Freddie Mac was created by Congress in 1970 for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing. It is a government-sponsored corporation that issues Participation Certificates (“PCs”), which are pass-through securities, each representing an undivided interest in a pool of residential mortgages. Freddie Mac guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, but PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government.

 

On September 6, 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship. As the conservator, FHFA succeeded to all rights, titles, powers and privileges of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and of any stockholder, officer or director of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac with respect to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the assets of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. FHFA selected a new chief executive officer and chairman of the board of directors for each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

 

In connection with the conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury entered into a Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement with each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac pursuant to which the U.S. Treasury will purchase a limited amount of each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to maintain a positive net worth in each enterprise. The SPAs contain various covenants that severely limit each enterprise’s operations. In exchange for entering into these agreements, the U.S. Treasury received $1 billion of each enterprise’s senior preferred stock and warrants to purchase 79.9% of each enterprise’s common stock. Please see “U.S. Government Securities” for additional information on these agreements.

 

Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship and each remain liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its mortgage-backed securities. The FHFA has indicated that the conservatorship of each enterprise will end when the director of FHFA determines that FHFA’s plan to restore the enterprise to a safe and solvent condition has been completed.

 

Under the Federal Housing Finance Regulatory Reform Act of 2008 (the “Reform Act”), which was included as part of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, FHFA, as conservator or receiver, has the power to repudiate any contract entered into by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac prior to FHFA’s appointment as conservator or receiver, as applicable, if FHFA determines, in its sole discretion, that performance of the contract is burdensome and that repudiation of the contract promotes the orderly administration of Fannie Mae’s or Freddie Mac’s affairs. The Reform Act requires FHFA to exercise its right to repudiate any contract within a reasonable period of time after its appointment as conservator or receiver.

 

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FHFA, in its capacity as conservator, has indicated that it has no intention to repudiate the guaranty obligations of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac because FHFA views repudiation as incompatible with the goals of the conservatorship. However, in the event that FHFA, as conservator or if it is later appointed as receiver for Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, were to repudiate any such guaranty obligation, the conservatorship or receivership estate, as applicable, would be liable for actual direct compensatory damages in accordance with the provisions of the Reform Act. Any such liability could be satisfied only to the extent of Fannie Mae’s or Freddie Mac’s assets available therefor.

 

In the event of repudiation, the payments of interest to holders of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac mortgage-backed securities would be reduced if payments on the mortgage loans represented in the mortgage loan groups related to such mortgage-backed securities are not made by the borrowers or advanced by the servicer. Any actual direct compensatory damages for repudiating these guaranty obligations may not be sufficient to offset any shortfalls experienced by such mortgage-backed security holders.

 

Further, in its capacity as conservator or receiver, FHFA has the right to transfer or sell any asset or liability of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac without any approval, assignment or consent. Although FHFA has stated that it has no present intention to do so, if FHFA, as conservator or receiver, were to transfer any such guaranty obligation to another party, holders of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac mortgage-backed securities would have to rely on that party for satisfaction of the guaranty obligation and would be exposed to the credit risk of that party.

 

In addition, certain rights provided to holders of mortgage-backed securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac under the operative documents related to such securities may not be enforced against FHFA, or enforcement of such rights may be delayed, during the conservatorship or any future receivership. The operative documents for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac mortgage-backed securities may provide (or with respect to securities issued prior to the date of the appointment of the conservator may have provided) that upon the occurrence of an event of default on the part of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, in its capacity as guarantor, which includes the appointment of a conservator or receiver, holders of such mortgage-backed securities have the right to replace Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac as trustee if the requisite percentage of mortgage-backed securities holders consent. The Reform Act prevents mortgage-backed security holders from enforcing such rights if the event of default arises solely because a conservator or receiver has been appointed. The Reform Act also provides that no person may exercise any right or power to terminate, accelerate or declare an event of default under certain contracts to which Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac is a party, or obtain possession of or exercise control over any property of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, or affect any contractual rights of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, without the approval of FHFA, as conservator or receiver, for a period of 45 or 90 days following the appointment of FHFA as conservator or receiver, respectively.

 

On September 5, 2019, the U.S. Treasury, in response to a directive from President Trump to develop a plan to address the remaining unfinished business from the financial crisis, released a plan to reform America’s housing finance system. The plan would end the conservatorship of, and privatize, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, ultimately releasing the entities from government control, subject to certain preconditions. Later that month, the U.S. Treasury and FHFA took a critical step towards implementing the plan by agreeing to allow Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to retain $25 billion and $20 billion of their respective profits rather than conveying them to the U.S. Treasury (each entity was previously permitted to retain capital reserves of $3 billion). There is no set timeline for further administrative action and certain other changes in the plan would require Congressional approval. Notably, the plan does not propose similar significant changes to Ginnie Mae, which guarantees payments on mortgage-related securities backed by federally insured or guaranteed loans such as those issued by the Federal Housing Association or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs, but does recommend that Congress authorize the extension of Ginnie Mae’s explicit guarantee to qualifying mortgage-backed securities that are collateralized by eligible conventional mortgage loans.

 

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Privately Issued Mortgage-Related Securities. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in privately issued mortgage-related securities. Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may be the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage-related securities. Pools created by such non-governmental issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments in the former pools. However, timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit, which may be issued by governmental entities or private insurers. Such insurance and guarantees and the creditworthiness of the issuers thereof will be considered in determining whether a mortgage-related security meets the Trust’s investment quality standards. There can be no assurance that insurers or guarantors can meet their obligations under the insurance policies or guarantee arrangements. A Fund may buy mortgage-related securities without insurance or guarantees if, through an examination of the loan experience and practices of the originators/servicers and poolers, its Sub-Advisor determines that the securities meet the Trust’s quality standards. Securities issued by certain private organizations may not be readily marketable. A Fund will not purchase mortgage-related securities or any other assets which, in its Sub-Advisor’s opinion, are illiquid if, as a result, more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets will be invested in illiquid securities.

 

Privately issued mortgage-related securities are not subject to the same underwriting requirements for the underlying mortgages that are applicable to those mortgage-related securities that have a government or government-sponsored entity guarantee. As a result, the mortgage loans underlying privately issued mortgage-related securities may, and frequently do, have less favorable collateral, credit risk or other underwriting characteristics than government or government-sponsored mortgage-related securities and have wider variances in a number of terms including interest rate, term, size, purpose and borrower characteristics. Mortgage pools underlying privately issued mortgage-related securities more frequently include second mortgages, high loan-to-value ratio mortgages and manufactured housing loans, in addition to commercial mortgages and other types of mortgages where a government or government-sponsored entity guarantee is not available. The coupon rates and maturities of the underlying mortgage loans in a privately-issued mortgage-related securities pool may vary to a greater extent than those included in a government guaranteed pool, and the pool may include subprime mortgage loans. Subprime loans are loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories or with a lower capacity to make timely payments on their loans. For these reasons, the loans underlying these securities have had in many cases higher default rates than those loans that meet government underwriting requirements.

 

The risk of non-payment is greater for mortgage-related securities that are backed by loans that were originated under weak underwriting standards, including loans made to borrowers with limited means to make repayment. A level of risk exists for all loans, although, historically, the poorest performing loans have been those classified as subprime. Other types of privately issued mortgage-related securities, such as those classified as pay-option adjustable rate or Alt-A, have also performed poorly. Even loans classified as prime have experienced higher levels of delinquencies and defaults. The substantial decline in real property values across the U.S. has exacerbated the level of losses that investors in privately issued mortgage-related securities have experienced. It is not certain when these trends may reverse. Market factors that may adversely affect mortgage loan repayment include adverse economic conditions, unemployment, a decline in the value of real property, or an increase in interest rates.

 

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Privately issued mortgage-related securities are not traded on an exchange and there may be a limited market for the securities, especially when there is a perceived weakness in the mortgage and real estate market sectors. Without an active trading market, mortgage-related securities held in a Fund’s portfolio may be particularly difficult to value because of the complexities involved in assessing the value of the underlying mortgage loans.

 

A Fund may purchase privately issued mortgage-related securities that are originated, packaged and serviced by third-party entities. It is possible these third-parties could have interests that are in conflict with the holders of mortgage-related securities, and such holders (such as a Fund) could have rights against the third parties or their affiliates. For example, if a loan originator, servicer or its affiliates engaged in negligence or willful misconduct in carrying out its duties, then a holder of the mortgage-related security could seek recourse against the originator/servicer or its affiliates, as applicable. Also, as a loan originator/servicer, the originator/servicer or its affiliates may make certain representations and warranties regarding the quality of the mortgages and properties underlying a mortgage-related security. If one or more of those representations or warranties is false, then the holders of the mortgage-related securities could trigger an obligation of the originator/servicer or its affiliates, as applicable, to repurchase the mortgages from the issuing trust. Notwithstanding the foregoing, many of the third-parties that are legally bound by trust and other documents have failed to perform their respective duties, as stipulated in such trust and other documents, and investors have had limited success in enforcing terms.

 

Mortgage-related securities that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities are not subject to a Fund’s industry concentration restrictions, set forth below under “Investment Restrictions,” by virtue of the exclusion from that test available to all U.S. government securities. In the case of privately issued mortgage-related securities, a Fund takes the position that mortgage-related securities do not represent interests in any particular “industry” or group of industries. Therefore, a Fund may invest more or less than 25% of its total assets in privately issued mortgage-related securities. The assets underlying such securities may be represented by a portfolio of residential or commercial mortgages (including both whole mortgage loans and mortgage participation interests that may be senior or junior in terms of priority of repayment) or portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities issued or guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. Mortgage loans underlying a mortgage-related security may in turn be insured or guaranteed by the FHA or the VA. In the case of privately issued mortgage-related securities whose underlying assets are neither U.S. government securities nor U.S. government-insured mortgages, to the extent that real properties securing such assets may be located in the same geographical region, the security may be subject to a greater risk of default than other comparable securities in the event of adverse economic, political or business developments that may affect such region and, ultimately, the ability of residential homeowners to make payments of principal and interest on the underlying mortgages.

 

Each Sub-Advisor seeks to manage the portion of its Fund’s assets committed to privately issued mortgage-related securities in a manner consistent with the Fund’s investment objective, policies and overall portfolio risk profile. In determining whether and how much to invest in privately issued mortgage-related securities, and how to allocate those assets, a Sub-Advisor will consider a number of factors. These include, but are not limited to (1) the nature of the borrowers (e.g., residential vs. commercial), (2) the collateral loan type (e.g., for residential: First Lien – Jumbo/Prime, First Lien – Alt-A, First Lien – Subprime, First Lien – Pay-Option or Second Lien; for commercial: Conduit, Large Loan or Single Asset / Single Borrower), and (3) in the case of residential loans, whether they are fixed rate or adjustable mortgages. Each of these criteria can cause privately issued mortgage-related securities to have differing primary economic characteristics and distinguishable risk factors and performance characteristics.

 

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Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”). Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in CMOs, which are debt obligations of a legal entity that are collateralized by mortgages and divided into classes. Similar to a bond, interest and prepaid principal is paid, in most cases, on a monthly basis. CMOs may be collateralized by whole mortgage loans or private mortgage bonds, but are more typically collateralized by portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Freddie Mac, or Fannie Mae, and their income streams.

 

CMOs are structured into multiple classes, often referred to as “tranches,” with each class bearing a different stated maturity and entitled to a different schedule for payments of principal and interest, including pre-payments. Actual maturity and average life will depend upon the pre-payment experience of the collateral. In the case of certain CMOs (known as “sequential pay” CMOs), payments of principal received from the pool of underlying mortgages, including pre-payments, are applied to the classes of CMOs in the order of their respective final distribution dates. Thus, no payment of principal will be made to any class of sequential pay CMOs until all other classes having an earlier final distribution date have been paid in full.

 

In a typical CMO transaction, a corporation (“issuer”) issues multiple series (e.g., A, B, C, Z) of CMO bonds (“Bonds”). Proceeds of the Bond offering are used to purchase mortgages or mortgage pass-through certificates (“Collateral”). The Collateral is pledged to a third-party trustee as security for the Bonds. Principal and interest payments from the Collateral are used to pay principal on the Bonds in the order A, B, C, Z. The Series A, B, and C Bonds all bear current interest. Interest on the Series Z Bond is accrued and added to principal and a like amount is paid as principal on the Series A, B, or C Bond currently being paid off. When the Series A, B, and C Bonds are paid in full, interest and principal on the Series Z Bond begins to be paid currently. CMOs may be less liquid and may exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.

 

As CMOs have evolved, some classes of CMO bonds have become more common. For example, a Fund may invest in parallel-pay and planned amortization class (“PAC”) CMOs and multi-class pass-through certificates. Parallel-pay CMOs and multi-class pass-through certificates are structured to provide payments of principal on each payment date to more than one class. These simultaneous payments are taken into account in calculating the stated maturity date or final distribution date of each class, which, as with other CMO and multi-class pass-through structures, must be retired by its stated maturity date or final distribution date but may be retired earlier. PACs generally require payments of a specified amount of principal on each payment date. PACs are parallel-pay CMOs with the required principal amount on such securities having the highest priority after interest has been paid to all classes. Any CMO or multi-class pass-through structure that includes PAC securities must also have support tranches-known as support bonds, companion bonds or non-PAC bonds which lend or absorb principal cash flows to allow the PAC securities to maintain their stated maturities and final distribution dates within a range of actual prepayment experience. These support tranches are subject to a higher level of maturity risk compared to other mortgage-related securities, and usually provide a higher yield to compensate investors. If principal cash flows are received in amounts outside a pre-determined range such that the support bonds cannot lend or absorb sufficient cash flows to the PAC securities as intended, the PAC securities are subject to heightened maturity risk. Consistent with a Fund’s investment objectives and policies, its Sub-Advisor may invest in various tranches of CMO bonds, including support bonds.

 

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Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in commercial mortgage-backed securities, which include securities that reflect an interest in, and are secured by, mortgage loans on commercial real property. Many of the risks of investing in commercial mortgage-backed securities reflect the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans. These risks reflect the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payments, and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. Commercial mortgage-backed securities may be less liquid and exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.

 

Other Mortgage-Related Securities. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in other mortgage-related securities, which include securities other than those described above that directly or indirectly represent a participation in, or are secured by and payable from, mortgage loans on real property, including mortgage dollar rolls, CMO residuals or stripped mortgage-backed securities (“SMBS”). Other mortgage-related securities may be equity or debt securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, homebuilders, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks, partnerships, trusts and special purpose entities of the foregoing.

 

CMO Residuals. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in CMO residuals, which are mortgage securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, homebuilders, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose entities of the foregoing.

 

The cash flow generated by the mortgage assets underlying a series of CMOs is applied first to make required payments of principal and interest on the CMOs and second to pay the related administrative expenses and any management fee of the issuer. The residual in a CMO structure generally represents the interest in any excess cash flow remaining after making the foregoing payments. Each payment of such excess cash flow to a holder of the related CMO residual represents income and/or a return of capital. The amount of residual cash flow resulting from a CMO will depend on, among other things, the characteristics of the mortgage assets, the coupon rate of each class of CMO, prevailing interest rates, the amount of administrative expenses and the pre-payment experience on the mortgage assets. In particular, the yield to maturity on CMO residuals is extremely sensitive to pre-payments on the related underlying mortgage assets, in the same manner as an interest-only (“IO”) class of stripped mortgage-backed securities. See “Other Mortgage-Related Securities – Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities.” In addition, if a series of a CMO includes a class that bears interest at an adjustable rate, the yield to maturity on the related CMO residual will also be extremely sensitive to changes in the level of the index upon which interest rate adjustments are based. As described below with respect to stripped mortgage-backed securities, in certain circumstances a Fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in a CMO residual.

 

CMO residuals are generally purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers. Transactions in CMO residuals are generally completed only after careful review of the characteristics of the securities in question. In addition, CMO residuals may, or pursuant to an exemption therefrom, may not have been registered under the Securities Act. CMO residuals, whether or not registered under the Securities Act, may be subject to certain restrictions on transferability, and may be deemed “illiquid” and subject to a Fund’s limitations on investment in illiquid securities.

 

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Adjustable Rate Mortgage-Backed Securities (“ARMBSs”). Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in ARMBSs, which have interest rates that reset at periodic intervals. Acquiring ARMBSs permits a Fund to participate in increases in prevailing current interest rates through periodic adjustments in the coupons of mortgages underlying the pool on which ARMBSs are based. Such ARMBSs generally have higher current yield and lower price fluctuations than is the case with more traditional fixed income debt securities of comparable rating and maturity. In addition, when prepayments of principal are made on the underlying mortgages during periods of rising interest rates, a Fund can reinvest the proceeds of such prepayments at rates higher than those at which they were previously invested. Mortgages underlying most ARMBSs, however, have limits on the allowable annual or lifetime increases that can be made in the interest rate that the mortgagor pays. Therefore, if current interest rates rise above such limits over the period of the limitation, a Fund, when holding an ARMBS, does not benefit from further increases in interest rates. Moreover, when interest rates are in excess of coupon rates (i.e., the rates being paid by mortgagors) of the mortgages, ARMBSs behave more like fixed income securities and less like adjustable rate securities and are subject to the risks associated with fixed income securities. In addition, during periods of rising interest rates, increases in the coupon rate of adjustable rate mortgages generally lag current market interest rates slightly, thereby creating the potential for capital depreciation on such securities.

 

Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (“SMBSs”). Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in SMBS, which are derivative multi-class mortgage securities. SMBSs may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose entities of the foregoing.

 

SMBSs are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving some of the interest and most of the principal from the mortgage assets, while the other class will receive most of the interest and the remainder of the principal. In the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (the “IO” class), while the other class will receive all of the principal (the principal-only or “PO” class). The yield to maturity on an IO class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including pre-payments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on a Fund’s yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated pre-payments of principal, a Fund may fail to recoup some or all of its initial investment in these securities even if the security is in one of the highest rating categories.

 

Asset-Backed Securities (“ABSs”). Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in ABSs, which are bonds backed by pools of loans or other receivables. ABSs are created from many types of assets, including auto loans, credit card receivables, home equity loans, and student loans. ABSs are issued through special purpose vehicles that are bankruptcy remote from the issuer of the collateral. The credit quality of an ABS transaction depends on the performance of the underlying assets. To protect ABS investors from the possibility that some borrowers could miss payments or even default on their loans, ABSs include various forms of credit enhancement. Some ABSs, particularly home equity loan transactions, are subject to interest-rate risk and prepayment risk. A change in interest rates can affect the pace of payments on the underlying loans, which in turn, affects total return on the securities. ABSs also carry credit or default risk. If many borrowers on the underlying loans default, losses could exceed the credit enhancement level and result in losses to investors in an ABS transaction. Finally, ABSs have structure risk due to a unique characteristic known as early amortization, or early payout, risk. Built into the structure of most ABSs are triggers for early payout, designed to protect investors from losses. These triggers are unique to each transaction and can include a big rise in defaults on the underlying loans, a sharp drop in the credit enhancement level, or even the bankruptcy of the originator. Once early amortization begins, all incoming loan payments (after expenses are paid) are used to pay investors as quickly as possible based upon a predetermined priority of payment. Consistent with a Fund’s investment objectives and policies, its Sub-Advisor also may invest in other types of ABSs.

 

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Collateralized Bond Obligation (“CBO”), Collateralized Loan Obligation (“CLO”) and Other Collateralized Debt Obligation (“CDO”). Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in each of collateralized bond obligations, collateralized loan obligations, other collateralized debt obligations and other similarly structured securities. CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs are types of asset-backed securities. A CBO is a trust which is often backed by a diversified pool of high risk, below investment-grade fixed income securities. The collateral can be from many different types of fixed income securities such as high yield debt, residential privately issued mortgage-related securities, commercial privately issued mortgage-related securities, trust preferred securities and emerging market debt. A CLO is a trust typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and foreign senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment-grade or equivalent unrated loans. Other CDOs are trusts backed by other types of assets representing obligations of various parties. CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs may charge management fees and administrative expenses.

 

For CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs, the cash flows from the trust are split into two or more portions, called tranches, varying in risk and yield. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche which bears the bulk of defaults from the bonds or loans in the trust and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since they are partially protected from defaults, senior tranches from a CBO trust, CLO trust or trust of another CDO typically have higher ratings and lower yields than their underlying securities, and can be rated investment-grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CBO, CLO or other CDO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as aversion to CBO, CLO or other CDO securities as a class.

 

The risks of an investment in a CBO, CLO or other CDO depend largely on the type of the collateral securities and the class of the instrument in which a Fund invests. Normally, CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs are privately offered and sold, and thus, are not registered under the securities laws. As a result, investments in CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs may be characterized by a Fund as illiquid securities, however, an active dealer market may exist for CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs allowing them to qualify for Rule 144A transactions. In addition to the normal risks associated with fixed income securities discussed elsewhere in this SAI and certain Funds’ Prospectuses (e.g., fixed income risk and credit risk), CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs carry additional risks including, but are not limited to, (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments, (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default, (iii) the risk that a Fund may invest in CBOs, CLOs or other CDOs that are subordinate to other classes, and (iv) the possibility that the complex structure of the security may not be fully understood at the time of investment and may produce disputes with the issuer or unexpected investment results.

 

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Foreign Issuers

 

Each Fund may, and the AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF, AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF, AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF and AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF intend to, invest in issuers located outside the United States directly, or in financial instruments, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) and/or ETPs, that are indirectly linked to the performance of foreign issuers. Other examples of such financial instruments include ADRs, Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”), International Depository Receipts (“IDRs”), “ordinary shares,” and “New York shares” issued and traded in the U.S. ADRs are U.S. dollar denominated receipts typically issued by U.S. banks and trust companies that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign issuer. The underlying securities may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the securities into which they may be converted. The underlying securities are held in trust by a custodian bank or similar financial institution in the issuer’s home country. The depositary bank may not have physical custody of the underlying securities at all times and may charge fees for various services, including forwarding dividends and interest and corporate actions. Generally, ADRs in registered form are designed for use in domestic securities markets and are traded on exchanges or over-the-counter in the U.S. GDRs, EDRs, and IDRs are similar to ADRs in that they are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer, however, GDRs, EDRs, and IDRs may be issued in bearer form and denominated in other currencies, and are generally designed for use in specific or multiple securities markets outside the U.S. EDRs, for example, are designed for use in European securities markets while GDRs are designed for use throughout the world. Ordinary shares are shares of foreign issuers that are traded abroad and on a U.S. exchange. New York shares are shares that a foreign issuer has allocated for trading in the U.S. ADRs, ordinary shares, and New York shares all may be purchased with and sold for U.S. dollars, which protects the Fund from the foreign settlement risks described below.

 

Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored. Although the two types of depositary receipt facilities (unsponsored or sponsored) are similar, there are differences regarding a holder’s rights and obligations and the practices of market participants. A depository may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by (or acquiescence of) the underlying issuer; typically, however, the depository requests a letter of non-objection from the underlying issuer prior to establishing the facility. Holders of unsponsored depositary receipts may indirectly bear the costs of the facility, and such indirect costs may be no different than the costs of sponsored depositary receipts. The depository usually charges fees upon the deposit and withdrawal of the underlying securities, the conversion of dividends into U.S. dollars or other currency, the disposition of non-cash distributions and the performance of other services. The depository of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the underlying issuer or to pass through voting rights to depositary receipt holders with respect to the underlying securities.

 

Sponsored depositary receipt facilities are created in generally the same manner as unsponsored facilities, except that sponsored depositary receipts are established jointly by a depository and the underlying issuer through a deposit agreement. The deposit agreement sets out the rights and responsibilities of the underlying issuer, the depository, and the depositary receipt holders. With sponsored facilities, the underlying issuer typically bears some of the costs of the depositary receipts (such as dividend payment fees of the depository), although most sponsored depositary receipts holders may bear costs such as deposit and withdrawal fees. Depositories of most sponsored depositary receipts agree to distribute notices of shareholder meetings, voting instructions, and other shareholder communications and information to the depositary receipt holders at the underlying issuer’s request.

 

Investing in foreign issuers may involve risks not typically associated with investing in issuers domiciled in the U.S. The value of securities denominated in foreign currencies, and of dividends from such securities, can change significantly when foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the U.S. dollar. Foreign securities markets generally have less trading volume and less liquidity than U.S. markets, and prices in some foreign markets can be very volatile. Many foreign countries lack uniform accounting and disclosure standards comparable to those that apply to U.S. companies, and it may be more difficult to obtain reliable information regarding a foreign issuer’s financial condition and operations. In addition, the costs of foreign investing, including withholding taxes, brokerage commissions, and custodial fees, generally are higher than for U.S. investments.

 

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Investing in companies located abroad also carries political and economic risks distinct from those associated with investing in the U.S. Foreign investment may be affected by actions of foreign governments adverse to the interests of U.S. investors, including the possibility of seizure, expropriation or nationalization of assets, including foreign deposits, confiscatory taxation, restrictions on U.S. investment, or on the ability to repatriate assets or to convert currency into U.S. dollars. There may be a greater possibility of default by foreign governments or foreign-government sponsored enterprises. Investments in foreign countries also involve a risk of local political, economic, or social instability, military action or unrest, or adverse diplomatic developments.

 

Geographic Risk. Certain of the underlying ETPs may have significant investment exposure to particular countries or regions. Funds that are less diversified across countries or geographic regions are generally riskier than more geographically diversified funds. For example, a Fund that focuses on a single country (e.g., China or Russia) or a specific region (e.g., Europe or African countries) is more exposed to that country’s or region’s economic cycles, currency exchange rates, stock market valuations and political risks compared with a more geographically diversified fund. The economies and financial markets of certain regions, such as Latin America, Middle East or Africa, can be interdependent and may all decline at the same time.

 

Asia. To the extent a Fund’s investments have significant investment exposure to Asia, the Fund will be susceptible to loss due to adverse market, political, regulatory, and geographic events affecting that region. While certain Asian economies are exemplars of growth and development, others have been and continue to be subject to some extent, over-extension of credit, currency devaluations and restrictions, high unemployment, high inflation, decreased exports and economic recessions.

 

Eastern Europe. A Fund’s investments may have significant exposure to companies located in Eastern Europe. Because of this, companies in the Fund’s portfolio may be adversely affected by political, social, and economic developments in any of the Eastern European countries.

 

Europe. Developed and emerging market countries in Europe will be significantly affected by the fiscal and monetary controls of the European Monetary Union. Changes in regulations on trade, decreasing imports or exports, changes in the exchange rate of the euro and recessions among European countries may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of other European countries.

 

Latin America. Latin American economies are generally considered emerging markets and are typically characterized by high interest, inflation, and unemployment rates. Currency devaluations in any one Latin American country can have a significant effect on the entire Latin American region. Because commodities such as oil and gas, minerals, and metals represent a significant percentage of the region’s exports, the economies of Latin American countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. A relatively small number of Latin American companies represents a large portion of Latin America’s total market and thus may be more sensitive to adverse political or economic circumstances and market movements.

 

Middle East and Africa. Certain Middle Eastern and African markets are in only the earliest stages of development. As a result, there may be a high concentration of market capitalization and trading volume in a small number of issuers representing a limited number of industries, as well as a high concentration of investors and financial intermediaries. Brokers in Middle Eastern and African countries typically are fewer in number and less well capitalized than brokers in the United States. In addition, the political and legal systems in Middle Eastern and African countries may have an adverse impact on an investment in such countries.

 

North America. The U.S. is Canada’s largest trading and investment partner, and the Canadian economy is, therefore, significantly affected by developments in the U.S. economy. The U.S. is also a significant trading partner of many other markets in which the Funds may invest. Decreasing U.S. imports, new trade regulations, changes in the U.S. dollar exchange rates or a recession in the U.S. may have an adverse impact on these markets.

 

Pacific Region. Many of the Pacific region economies can be exposed to high inflation rates, undeveloped financial services sectors, and heavy reliance on international trade. The region’s economies are also dependent on the economies of Asia, Europe and the U.S. and, in particular, on the price and demand for agricultural products and natural resources.

 

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Futures and Options Transactions

 

Futures and Options on Futures. The Funds and certain of the underlying ETPs may buy and sell futures contracts, which provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a specific security at a specified future time and at a specified price. An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in exchange for a premium, to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise price during the term of the option. A Fund will reduce the risk that it will be unable to close out a futures contract by only entering into futures contracts that are traded on a national futures exchange regulated by the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”). Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may use futures contracts and related options for bona fide hedging, attempting to offset changes in the value of securities held or expected to be acquired or be disposed of, attempting to gain exposure to a particular market, index or instrument, or other risk management purposes. To the extent a Fund invests in futures, options on futures or for other instruments subject to regulation by the CFTC, it will do so in reliance on and in accordance with CFTC Regulation 4.5. The Trust, on behalf of certain of its series, has filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” in accordance with CFTC Regulation 4.5. Therefore, none of the Funds is deemed to be a “commodity pool”, and the Advisor is not deemed to be a “commodity pool operator” with respect to the Funds, under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) and they are not subject to registration or regulation as such under the CEA. Each Fund reserves the right to engage in transactions involving futures, options thereon and swaps to the extent allowed by CFTC regulations in effect from time to time and in accordance with the Fund’s policies.

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may buy and sell index futures contracts with respect to any index that is traded on a recognized exchange or board of trade. An index futures contract is a bilateral agreement pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to a specified dollar amount times the difference between the index value at the close of trading of the contract and the price at which the futures contract is originally struck. No physical delivery of the securities comprising the index is made. Instead, settlement in cash must occur upon the termination of the contract, with the settlement being the difference between the contract price, and the actual level of the stock index at the expiration of the contract. Generally, contracts are closed out prior to the expiration date of the contract.

 

When a Fund purchases or sells a futures contract, or sells an option thereon, the Fund is required to “cover” its position in order to limit leveraging and related risks. To cover its position, a Fund may maintain with its custodian bank (and marked-to-market on a daily basis), a segregated account consisting of cash or liquid securities that, when added to any amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, are equal to the market value of the futures contract or otherwise “cover” its position in a manner consistent with the 1940 Act or the rules and SEC interpretations thereunder. If the Fund continues to engage in the described securities trading practices and properly segregates assets, the segregated account will function as a practical limit on the amount of leverage which the Fund may undertake and on the potential increase in the speculative character of the Fund’s outstanding portfolio securities. Additionally, such segregated accounts will generally assure the availability of adequate funds to meet the obligations of the Fund arising from such investment activities.

 

A Fund may also cover its long position in a futures contract by purchasing a put option on the same futures contract with a strike price (i.e., an exercise price) as high as or higher than the price of the futures contract. In the alternative, if the strike price of the put is less than the price of the futures contract, the Fund will maintain, in a segregated account, cash or liquid securities equal in value to the difference between the strike price of the put and the price of the futures contract. The Fund may also cover its long position in a futures contract by taking a short position in the instruments underlying the futures contract, or by taking positions in instruments with prices which are expected to move relatively consistently with the futures contract. The Fund may cover its short position in a futures contract by taking a long position in the instruments underlying the futures contracts, or by taking positions in instruments with prices which are expected to move relatively consistently with the futures contract.

 

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A Fund may cover its sale of a call option on a futures contract by taking a long position in the underlying futures contract at a price less than or equal to the strike price of the call option. In the alternative, if the long position in the underlying futures contract is established at a price greater than the strike price of the written (sold) call, the Fund will maintain, in a segregated account, cash or liquid securities equal in value to the difference between the strike price of the call and the price of the futures contract. The Fund may also cover its sale of a call option by taking positions in instruments with prices which are expected to move relatively consistently with the call option. The Fund may cover its sale of a put option on a futures contract by taking a short position in the underlying futures contract at a price greater than or equal to the strike price of the put option, or, if the short position in the underlying futures contract is established at a price less than the strike price of the written put, the Fund will maintain, in a segregated account, cash or liquid securities equal in value to the difference between the strike price of the put and the price of the futures contract. The Fund may also cover its sale of a put option by taking positions in instruments with prices which are expected to move relatively consistently with the put option.

 

There are significant risks associated with a Fund’s use of futures contracts and related options, including the following: (1) the success of a hedging strategy may depend on its Sub-Advisor’s ability to predict movements in the prices of individual securities, fluctuations in markets and movements in interest rates, (2) there may be imperfect or no correlation between the changes in market value of the securities held by the Fund and the prices of futures and options on futures, (3) there may not be a liquid secondary market for a futures contract or option, (4) trading restrictions or limitations may be imposed by an exchange, and (5) government regulations may restrict trading in futures contracts and options on futures. In addition, some strategies reduce a Fund’s exposure to price fluctuations, while others tend to increase its market exposure.

 

Other Options. Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may purchase and write (sell) put and call options on indices and enter into related closing transactions. A put option on a security gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and the writer of the option the obligation to buy, the underlying security at any time during the option period. A call option on a security gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and the writer of the option the obligation to sell, the underlying security at any time during the option period. The premium paid to the writer is the consideration for undertaking the obligations under the option contract.

 

Put and call options on indices are similar to options on securities except that options on an index give the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing level of the underlying index is greater than (or less than, in the case of puts) the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the difference between the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the option, expressed in dollars multiplied by a specified number. Thus, unlike options on individual securities, all settlements are in cash, and gain or loss depends on price movements in the particular market represented by the index generally, rather than the price movements in individual securities.

 

All options written on indices or securities must be covered. The SEC staff has indicated that a written call option on a security may be covered if a fund (1) owns the security underlying the call until the option is exercised or expires, (2) holds an American-style call on the same security as the call written with an exercise price (i) no greater than the exercise price of the call written or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written if the difference is maintained by the fund in cash or other liquid assets designated on the fund’s records or placed in a segregated account with the fund’s custodian, (3) has an absolute and immediate right to acquire the security without additional cost (or if additional consideration is required, cash or other liquid assets in such amount have been segregated), or (4) segregates cash or other liquid assets on the fund’s records or with the custodian in an amount equal to (when added to any margin on deposit) the current market value of the call option, but not less than the exercise price, marked to market daily. If the call option is exercised by the purchaser during the option period, the seller is required to deliver the underlying security against payment of the exercise price or pay the difference. The seller’s obligation terminates upon expiration of the option period or when the seller executes a closing purchase transaction with respect to such option.

 

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All put options written by a Fund will be covered by (1) segregating cash, cash equivalents, such as U.S. Treasury securities or overnight repurchase agreements, or other liquid assets on the Fund’s records or with the custodian having a value at least equal to exercise price of the option (less cash received, if any) or (2) holding a put option on the same security as the option written where the exercise price of the written put option is (i) equal to or higher than the exercise price of the option written or (ii) less than the exercise price of the option written provided the Fund segregates cash or other liquid assets in the amount of the difference.

 

A Fund may trade put and call options on securities, securities indices and currencies, as the Fund’s Sub-Advisor determines is appropriate in seeking the Fund’s investment objective, and except as restricted by the Fund’s investment limitations.

 

The initial purchase (sale) of an option contract is an “opening transaction.” In order to close out an option position, a Fund may enter into a “closing transaction,” which is simply the purchase of an option contract on the same security with the same exercise price and expiration date as the option contract originally opened. If the Fund is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction with respect to an option it has written, it will not be able to sell the underlying security until the option expires or the Fund delivers the security upon exercise.

 

A Fund may purchase put and call options on securities to protect against a decline in the market value of the securities in its portfolio or to anticipate an increase in the market value of securities that the Fund may seek to purchase in the future. The Fund purchasing put and call options pays a premium; therefore, if price movements in the underlying securities are such that exercise of the options would not be profitable for the Fund, loss of the premium paid may be offset by an increase in the value of the Fund’s securities or by a decrease in the cost of acquisition of securities by the Fund.

 

A Fund may write covered call options on securities as a means of increasing the yield on its assets and as a means of providing limited protection against decreases in its market value. When a Fund writes an option, if the underlying securities do not increase or decrease to a price level that would make the exercise of the option profitable to the holder thereof, the option generally will expire without being exercised and the Fund will realize as profit the premium received for such option. When a call option of which a Fund is the writer is exercised, the Fund will be required to sell the underlying securities to the option holder at the strike price, and will not participate in any increase in the price of such securities above the strike price. When a put option of which a Fund is the writer is exercised, the Fund will be required to purchase the underlying securities at a price in excess of the market value of such securities.

 

A Fund may purchase and write options on an exchange or over-the-counter. OTC options differ from exchange-traded options in several respects. They are transacted directly with dealers and not with a clearing corporation, and therefore entail the risk of non-performance by the dealer. OTC options are available for a greater variety of securities and for a wider range of expiration dates and exercise prices than are available for exchange-traded options. Because OTC options are not traded on an exchange, pricing is done normally by reference to information from a market maker. It is the SEC’s position that OTC options are generally illiquid.

 

The market value of an option generally reflects the market price of an underlying security. Other principal factors affecting market value include supply and demand, interest rates, the pricing volatility of the underlying security and the time remaining until the expiration date.

 

Risks associated with options transactions include (1) the success of a hedging strategy may depend on an ability to predict movements in the prices of individual securities, fluctuations in markets and movements in interest rates, (2) there may be an imperfect correlation between the movement in prices of options and the securities underlying them, (3) there may not be a liquid secondary market for options, and (4) while a Fund will receive a premium when it writes covered call options, it may not participate fully in a rise in the market value of the underlying security.

 

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Hybrid Instruments

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in hybrid instruments. A hybrid instrument is a type of potentially high-risk derivative that combines a traditional stock, bond, or commodity with an option or forward contract. Generally, the principal amount, amount payable upon maturity or redemption, or interest rate of a hybrid is tied (positively or negatively) to the price of some security, commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate or some other economic factor (each a “benchmark”). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed income securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid security may be increased or decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark. An example of a hybrid instrument could be a bond issued by an oil company that pays a small base level of interest with additional interest that accrues in correlation with the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level. Such a hybrid instrument would be a combination of a bond and a call option on oil.

 

Hybrid instruments can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including currency hedging, and increased total return. Hybrid instruments may not bear interest or pay dividends. The value of a hybrid instrument or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid instrument. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid instrument could be zero. Thus, an investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant market risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional, U.S. dollar-denominated bond that has a fixed principal amount and pays a fixed rate or floating rate of interest. The purchase of a hybrid instrument also exposes the Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the hybrid instrument. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the NAV of a Fund.

 

Certain hybrid instruments may provide exposure to the commodities markets. These are derivative securities with one or more commodity-linked components that have payment features similar to commodity futures contracts, commodity options, or similar instruments. Commodity-linked hybrid instruments may be either equity or debt securities, and are considered hybrid instruments because they have both security and commodity-like characteristics. A portion of the value of these instruments may be derived from the value of a commodity, futures contract, index or other economic variable. A Fund will only invest in commodity-linked hybrid instruments that qualify, under applicable rules of the CFTC, for an exemption from the provisions of the CEA.

 

Certain issuers of structured products, such as hybrid instruments, may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, a Fund’s investments in these products may be subject to limits applicable to investments in investment companies and may be subject to restrictions contained in the 1940 Act.

 

Structured Notes. Each Fund and the underlying ETPs may invest in structured notes, which are debt obligations that also contain an embedded derivative component with characteristics that adjust the obligation’s risk/return profile. Generally, the performance of a structured note will track that of the underlying debt obligation and the derivative embedded within it. The Funds have the right to receive periodic interest payments from the issuer of the structured notes at an agreed-upon interest rate and a return of the principal at the maturity date.

 

Structured notes are typically privately negotiated transactions between two or more parties. A Fund bears the risk that the issuer of the structured note will default or become bankrupt which may result in the loss of principal investment and periodic interest payments expected to be received for the duration of its investment in the structured notes.

 

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In the case of structured notes on credit default swaps, a Fund is also subject to the credit risk of the corporate credits underlying the credit default swaps. If one of the underlying corporate credits defaults, the Fund may receive the security that has defaulted, or alternatively a cash settlement may occur, and the Fund’s principal investment in the structured note would be reduced by the corresponding face value of the defaulted security.

 

The market for structured notes may be, or suddenly can become, illiquid. The other parties to the transaction may be the only investors with sufficient understanding of the derivative to be interested in bidding for it. Changes in liquidity may result in significant, rapid, and unpredictable changes in the prices for structured notes. In certain cases, a market price for a credit-linked security may not be available. The collateral for a structured note may be one or more credit default swaps, which are subject to additional risks. See “Swap Agreements” for a description of additional risks associated with credit default swaps.

 

Illiquid Investments

 

A Fund may not acquire any illiquid investment if, immediately after the acquisition, the Fund would have invested more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid investments. An illiquid investment means any investment that a Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. If illiquid investments exceed 15% of the Fund’s net assets, certain remedial actions will be taken as required by Rule 22e-4 under the 1940 Act and the Funds’ policies and procedures.

 

A Fund may not be able to sell illiquid investments when its Advisor or Sub-Advisor, as applicable, considers it desirable to do so or may have to sell such investments at a price that is lower than the price that could be obtained if the investments were more liquid. In addition, the sale of illiquid investments also may require more time and may result in higher dealer discounts and other selling expenses than does the sale of investments that are not illiquid. Illiquid investments also may be more difficult to value due to the unavailability of reliable market quotations and such investments may have an adverse impact on NAV.

 

Investments in Other Investment Companies

 

Each Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies to the extent that such an investment would be consistent with the requirements of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, or any rule, regulation or order of the SEC or interpretation thereof. Generally, a fund may invest in the securities of another investment company (the “acquired company”) provided that the fund, immediately after such purchase or acquisition, does not own in the aggregate (i) more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of the acquired company, (ii) securities issued by the acquired company having an aggregate value in excess of 5% of the value of the total assets of the fund, or (iii) securities issued by the acquired company and all other investment companies (other than U.S. Treasury stock of the fund) having an aggregate value in excess of 10% of the value of the total assets of the fund. A fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies beyond these limits if, for example, the fund is part of a “master-feeder” structure or operates as a fund of funds in compliance with Section 12(d)(1)(E), (F) and (G) and the rules thereunder or Rule 12d1-4. Section 12(d)(1)(B) prohibits another investment company from selling its shares to the fund if, after the sale (i) the fund owns more than 3% of the other investment company’s voting stock or (ii) the fund and other investment companies, and companies controlled by them, own more than 10% of the voting stock of such other investment company.

 

As a shareholder of another investment company, a Fund and its shareholders would indirectly bear the Fund’s proportionate share of the fees and expenses paid by such other investment company, including advisory fees, in addition to both the management fees payable directly by the Fund to the Fund’s own investment advisor and the other expenses that the Fund bears directly in connection with the Fund’s own operations.

 

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Consistent with the restrictions discussed above, each Fund may invest in several different types of investment companies from time to time, including mutual funds, ETFs, closed-end funds, and business development companies (“BDCs”), when the Advisor or Sub-Advisor, as applicable, believes such an investment is in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders. For example, a Fund may elect to invest in another investment company when such an investment presents a more efficient investment option than buying securities individually. A Fund also may invest in investment companies that are included as components of an index, such as BDCs, to seek to track the performance of that index. A BDC is a less common type of closed-end investment company that more closely resembles an operating company than a typical investment company. BDCs generally focus on investing in, and providing managerial assistance to, small, developing, financially troubled, private companies or other companies that may have value that can be realized over time and with management assistance. Similar to an operating company, a BDC’s total annual operating expense ratio typically reflects all of the operating expenses incurred by the BDC, and is generally greater than the total annual operating expense ratio of a mutual fund that does not bear the same types of operating expenses. However, as a shareholder of a BDC, a Fund does not directly pay for a portion of all of the operating expenses of the BDC, just as a shareholder of computer manufacturer does not directly pay for the cost of labor associated with producing such computers. As a result, when a Fund invests in a BDC, the Fund’s Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses will be effectively overstated by an amount equal to the Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses. Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses are not included as an operating expense of a Fund in the Fund’s financial statements, which more accurately reflect the Fund’s actual operating expenses.

 

Investment companies may include index-based investments, such as ETFs that hold substantially all of their assets in securities representing a specific index. The main risk of investing in index-based investments is the same as investing in a portfolio of equity securities comprising the index. The market prices of index-based investments will fluctuate in accordance with both changes in the market value of their underlying portfolio securities and due to supply and demand for the instruments on the exchanges on which they are traded (which may result in their trading at a discount or premium to their NAVs). Index-based investments may not replicate exactly the performance of their specific index because of transaction costs and the temporary unavailability of certain component securities of the index. Each Fund may invest in index-based ETFs as well as ETFs that are actively managed.

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in closed-end funds. Closed-end funds are pooled investment vehicles that are registered under the 1940 Act and whose shares are listed and traded on U.S. national securities exchanges. Like any stock, a closed-end fund’s share price will fluctuate in response to market conditions and other factors. Secondary market trading prices of closed-end funds should be expected to fluctuate and such prices may be higher (i.e., at a premium) or lower (i.e., at a discount) than the net asset value of a closed-end fund’s portfolio holdings. Closed-end fund shares frequently trade at persistent and ongoing discounts to the net asset value of the closed-end fund’s portfolio investments. There can be no guarantee that shares of a closed-end fund held by a Fund will not trade at a persistent and ongoing discount. Nor can there be any guarantee that an active market in shares of the closed-end funds held by a Fund will exist. A Fund may not be able to sell closed-end fund shares at a price equal to the net asset value of the closed-end fund. While a Fund seeks to take advantage of differences between the net asset value of closed-end fund shares and any secondary market premiums or discounts, the Fund may not be able to do so. In addition, there can be no assurance that any closed-end fund will achieve its stated investment objective. While a Fund investing in closed-end funds attempts to diversify its exposure to such investments, lackluster performance of a single closed-end fund can have a negative impact on the performance of the Fund as a whole. A Fund may lose money on its investment in any closed-end fund which, in turn, may cause investors to lose money on an investment in the Fund.

 

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Lending of Portfolio Securities

 

Each Fund may lend portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial organizations that meet capital and other credit requirements or other criteria established by the Board. These loans, if and when made, may not exceed 331/3% of the total asset value of the Fund (including the loan collateral). Each Fund will not lend portfolio securities to the Advisor, Sub-Advisor, or their affiliates, unless it has applied for and received specific authority to do so from the SEC. Loans of portfolio securities will be fully collateralized by cash, letters of credit or U.S. government securities, and the collateral will be maintained in an amount equal to at least 100% of the current market value of the loaned securities by marking to market daily. Any gain or loss in the market price of the securities loaned that might occur during the term of the loan would be for the account of the respective Fund. A Fund may pay a part of the interest earned from the investment of collateral, or other fee, to an unaffiliated third-party for acting as the Fund’s securities lending agent. By lending its securities, a Fund may increase its income by receiving payments from the borrower that reflect the amount of any interest or any dividends payable on the loaned securities as well as by either investing cash collateral received from the borrower in short-term instruments or obtaining a fee from the borrower when U.S. government securities or letters of credit are used as collateral.

 

Each Fund will adhere to the following conditions whenever its portfolio securities are loaned (i) the Fund must receive at least 100% cash collateral or equivalent securities of the type discussed in the preceding paragraph from the borrower, (ii) the borrower must increase such collateral whenever the market value of the securities rises above the level of such collateral, (iii) the Fund must be able to terminate the loan on demand, (iv) the Fund must receive reasonable interest on the loan, as well as any dividends, interest or other distributions on the loaned securities and any increase in market value, (v) the Fund may pay only reasonable fees in connection with the loan (which fees may include fees payable to the lending agent, the borrower, the Fund’s administrator and the custodian), and (vi) voting rights on the loaned securities may pass to the borrower, provided, however, that if a material event adversely affecting the investment occurs, the Fund must terminate the loan and regain the right to vote the securities. The Funds’ securities lending arrangements are subject to Board approval. In addition, to the extent a Fund engages in securities lending, the Board has adopted procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that the foregoing criteria will be met. Loan agreements involve certain risks in the event of default or insolvency of the borrower, including possible delays or restrictions upon a Fund’s ability to recover the loaned securities or dispose of the collateral for the loan, which could give rise to loss because of adverse market action, expenses and/or delays in connection with the disposition of the underlying securities.

 

Leverage

 

A Fund may use leveraged investment techniques in pursuing its investment objective. Leverage exists when a Fund achieves the right to a return on a capital base that exceeds the Fund’s assets. Utilization of leverage involves special risks and should be considered to be speculative. Specifically, leverage creates the potential for greater gains to during favorable market conditions and the risk of magnified losses during adverse market conditions. Leverage is likely to cause higher volatility of the NAV of a Fund’s shares. Leverage may also involve the creation of a liability that does not entail any interest costs or the creation of a liability that requires a Fund to pay interest that would decrease the Fund’s total return to shareholders.

 

Pooled Investment Vehicles

 

Each Fund may invest in the securities of pooled vehicles that are not investment companies and, thus, not required to comply with the provisions of the 1940 Act. As a result, as a shareholder of such pooled vehicles, a Fund will not have all of the investor protections afforded by the 1940 Act. Such pooled vehicles may, however, be required to comply with the provisions of other federal securities laws, such as the Securities Act. These pooled vehicles typically hold commodities, such as gold or oil, currency, or other property that is itself not a security. If a Fund invests in and thus, is a shareholder of, a pooled vehicle, the Fund’s shareholders will indirectly bear the Fund’s proportionate share of the fees and expenses paid by the pooled vehicle, including any applicable management fees, in addition to both the management fees payable directly by the Fund to the Advisor and the other expenses that the Fund bears directly in connection with its own operations.

 

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The Funds may invest in certain ETPs that are not taxable as RICs. These non-RIC ETPs may produce non-qualifying income for purposes of the “90% Test” (as defined below), which must be met in order for the Fund to maintain its status as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code. If one or more of these non-RIC ETPs generates more non-qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Test than the Fund’s portfolio management expects, this non-qualifying income may be attributed to the Fund and could cause the Fund to inadvertently fail the 90% Test, thereby causing the Fund to inadvertently fail to qualify as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code.

 

Portfolio Turnover [TO BE UPDATED]

 

Portfolio turnover may vary from year to year, as well as within a year. Generally, the higher a Fund’s rate of portfolio turnover, the higher the transaction costs borne by the Fund and its long-term shareholders. In addition, a Fund’s portfolio turnover level may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective. Because a Fund’s portfolio turnover rate, to a great extent, will depend on the creation and redemption activity of investors, it is difficult to estimate what the Fund’s actual portfolio turnover rate will be in the future.

 

“Portfolio Turnover Rate” is defined under the rules of the SEC as the lesser of the value of the securities purchased or of the securities sold, excluding all securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less, divided by the average monthly value of such securities owned during the year. Based on this definition, instruments with a remaining maturity of less than one year are excluded from the calculation of the portfolio turnover rate. Instruments excluded from the calculation of portfolio turnover generally would include the futures contracts and options contracts in which a Fund invests, since such contracts generally have a remaining maturity of less than one year.

 

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Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may, and the AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF and AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF intend to, invest in shares of REITs. REITs are pooled investment vehicles which invest primarily in real estate or real estate related loans. REITs are generally classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs or a combination of equity and mortgage REITs. Equity REITs invest the majority of their assets directly in real property and derive income primarily from the collection of rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive income from the collection of interest payments. Like RICs such as the Funds, U.S. REITs are not taxed on income distributed to shareholders provided they comply with certain requirements under the Internal Revenue Code. A Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any expenses paid by REITs in which it invests in addition to the expenses paid by the Fund. Investing in REITs involves certain unique risks. Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by such REITs, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. REITs are dependent upon management skills, are not diversified (except to the extent the Internal Revenue Code requires), and are subject to the risks of financing projects. REITs are subject to heavy cash flow dependency, default by borrowers, self-liquidation, and the possibilities of failing to qualify for the exemption from tax for distributed income under the Internal Revenue Code and failing to maintain their exemptions from registration under the 1940 Act. REITs (especially mortgage REITs) are also subject to interest rate risks.

 

Investing in foreign real estate companies makes a Fund more susceptible to risks associated with the ownership of real estate and with the real estate industry in general. In addition, foreign real estate companies depend upon specialized management skills, may not be diversified, may have less trading volume, and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than the overall securities markets. Foreign real estate companies have their own expenses, and a Fund will bear a proportionate share of those expenses.

 

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Repurchase Agreements

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may enter into repurchase agreements with financial institutions, which may be deemed to be loans. A Fund follows certain procedures designed to minimize the risks inherent in such agreements. These procedures include effecting repurchase transactions only with large, well-capitalized and well-established financial institutions whose condition will be continually monitored by the Advisor or Sub-Advisor, as applicable. In addition, the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will always be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the repurchase agreement. In the event of a default or bankruptcy by a selling financial institution, a Fund will seek to liquidate such collateral. However, the exercising of a Fund’s right to liquidate such collateral could involve certain costs or delays and, to the extent that proceeds from any sale upon a default of the obligation to repurchase were less than the repurchase price, the Fund could suffer a loss. It is the current policy of the Funds not to invest in repurchase agreements that do not mature within seven days if any such investment, together with any other illiquid assets held by a Fund, amounts to more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets. The investments of a Fund in repurchase agreements, at times, may be substantial when, in the view of the Advisor or Sub-Advisor, as applicable, liquidity or other considerations so warrant.

 

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may enter into reverse repurchase agreements without limit as part of the Fund’s investment strategy. However, none of the Funds expects to engage, under normal circumstances, in reverse repurchase agreements with respect to more than 33⅓% of its assets. Reverse repurchase agreements involve sales of portfolio assets by a Fund concurrently with an agreement by the Fund to repurchase the same assets at a later date at a fixed price. Generally, the effect of such a transaction is that a Fund can recover all or most of the cash invested in the portfolio securities involved during the term of the reverse repurchase agreement, while the Fund will be able to keep the interest income associated with those portfolio securities. Such transactions are advantageous only if the interest cost to the Fund of the reverse repurchase transaction is less than the cost of obtaining the cash otherwise. Opportunities to achieve this advantage may not always be available, and each Fund intends to use the reverse repurchase technique only when it will be advantageous to that Fund. The Fund will establish a segregated account with the Trust’s custodian bank in which the Fund will maintain cash, cash equivalents or other portfolio securities equal in value to the Fund’s obligations in respect of reverse repurchase agreements. Such reverse repurchase agreements could be deemed to be a borrowing, but are not senior securities.

 

Short Sales

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may, and the AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF and AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF intend to, engage regularly in short sales transactions in which the Fund sells a security it does not own. To complete such a transaction, a Fund must borrow or otherwise obtain the security to make delivery to the buyer. The Fund then is obligated to replace the security borrowed by purchasing the security at the market price at the time of replacement. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the security was sold by the Fund. Until the security is replaced, the Fund is required to pay to the lender amounts equal to any dividends or interest, which accrue during the period of the loan. To borrow the security, the Fund also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The Funds may also use repurchase agreements to satisfy delivery obligations in short sales transactions. The proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet the margin requirements, until the short position is closed out.

 

Until a Fund closes its short position or replaces the borrowed security, the Fund will (a) maintain a segregated account containing cash or liquid securities at such a level that (i) the amount deposited in the account plus the amount deposited with the broker as collateral will equal the current value of the security sold short and (ii) the amount deposited in the segregated account plus the amount deposited with the broker as collateral will not be less than the market value of the security at the time the security was sold short or (b) otherwise cover the Fund’s short position. A Fund may use up to 100% of its portfolio to engage in short sales transactions and collateralize its open short positions.

 

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Swap Agreements

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may enter into swap agreements, including, but not limited to, total return swaps, index swaps, and interest rate swaps. A Fund may utilize swap agreements in an attempt to gain exposure to the securities in a market without actually purchasing those securities, or to hedge a position. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a day to more than one-year. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested in a basket of securities representing a particular index.

 

Forms of swap agreements include interest rate caps, under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates exceed a specified rate, or “cap” interest rate floors, under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates fall below a specified level, or “floor,” and interest rate collars, under which a party sells a cap and purchases a floor or vice versa in an attempt to protect itself against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum levels.

 

A Fund’s obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by segregating assets determined to be liquid. Obligations under swap agreements so covered will not be construed to be “senior securities” for purposes of a Fund’s investment restriction concerning senior securities. Because they are two-party contracts which may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid for purposes of a Fund’s illiquid investment limitations. The Funds will not enter into any swap agreement unless the Advisor believes that the other party to the transaction is creditworthy. A Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty.

 

A Fund may enter into swap agreements to invest in a market without owning or taking physical custody of the underlying securities in circumstances in which direct investment is restricted for legal reasons or is otherwise impracticable. The counterparty to any swap agreement will typically be a bank, investment banking firm or broker-dealer. The counterparty will generally agree to pay the Fund the amount, if any, by which the notional amount of the swap agreement would have increased in value had it been invested in the particular stocks, plus the dividends that would have been received on those stocks. The Fund will agree to pay to the counterparty a floating rate of interest on the notional amount of the swap agreement plus the amount, if any, by which the notional amount would have decreased in value had it been invested in such stocks. Therefore, the return to the Fund on any swap agreement should be the gain or loss on the notional amount plus dividends on the stocks less the interest paid by the Fund on the notional amount.

 

Swap agreements typically are settled on a net basis, which means that the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. Payments may be made at the conclusion of a swap agreement or periodically during its term. Other swap agreements, may require initial premium (discount) payments as well as periodic payments (receipts) related to the interest leg of the swap or to the default of a reference obligation. The Fund will earmark and reserve assets necessary to meet any accrued payment obligations when it is the buyer of a credit default swap.

 

Swap agreements do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets. Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect to swap agreements is limited to the net amount of payments that a Fund is contractually obligated to make. If a swap counterparty defaults, the Fund’s risk of loss consists of the net amount of payments the Fund is contractually entitled to receive, if any. The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each equity swap will be accrued on a daily basis and an amount of cash or liquid assets, having an aggregate NAV at least equal to such accrued excess will be maintained in a segregated account by the Fund’s custodian. Inasmuch as these transactions are entered into for hedging purposes or are offset by segregated cash of liquid assets, as permitted by applicable law, the Funds and the Advisor believe that these transactions do not constitute senior securities under the 1940 Act and, accordingly, will not treat them as being subject to each Fund’s borrowing restrictions.

 

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The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid in comparison with the markets for other similar instruments, which are traded in the OTC market. The Advisor, under the supervision of the Board, is responsible for determining and monitoring the liquidity of Fund transactions in swap agreements.

 

The use of swap agreements is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. If a counterparty’s creditworthiness declines, the value of the swap would likely decline. Moreover, there is no guarantee that a Fund could eliminate its exposure under an outstanding swap agreement by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same or another party.

 

Time Deposits and Eurodollar Time Deposits

 

Each Fund and certain underlying ETPs may invest in Time Deposits, and specifically Eurodollar Time Deposits. Time Deposits are non-negotiable deposits, such as savings accounts or certificates of deposit, held by a financial institution for a fixed term with the understanding that the depositor can withdraw its money only by giving notice to the institution. However, there may be early withdrawal penalties depending upon market conditions and the remaining maturity of the obligation. Eurodollars are deposits denominated in dollars at banks outside of the United States and Canada and thus, are not under the jurisdiction of the Federal Reserve. Because Eurodollar Time Deposits are held by financial institutions outside of the United States and Canada, they may be subject to less regulation and therefore, may pose more risk to the Fund than investments in their U.S. or Canadian counterparts.

 

U.S. Government Securities

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in U.S. government securities. Securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities include U.S. Treasury securities, which are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury and which differ only in their interest rates, maturities, and times of issuance. U.S. Treasury bills have initial maturities of one year or less, U.S. Treasury notes have initial maturities of one to ten years, and U.S. Treasury bonds generally have initial maturities of greater than ten years. Certain U.S. government securities are issued or guaranteed by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government including, but not limited to, obligations of U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Ginnie Mae, the Small Business Administration, the Federal Farm Credit Administration, the Federal Home Loan Banks, Banks for Cooperatives (including the Central Bank for Cooperatives), the Federal Land Banks, the Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Export-Import Bank of the United States, the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Federal Financing Bank, the National Credit Union Administration and the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (Farmer Mac).

 

Some obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and instrumentalities, including, for example, Ginnie Mae pass-through certificates, are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury. Other obligations issued by or guaranteed by federal agencies, such as those securities issued by Fannie Mae, are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of the federal agency, while other obligations issued by or guaranteed by federal agencies, such as those of the Federal Home Loan Banks, are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, while the U.S. Government provides financial support to such U.S. government-sponsored federal agencies, no assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will always do so, since the U.S. Government is not so obligated by law. U.S. Treasury notes and bonds typically pay coupon interest semi-annually and repay the principal at maturity.

 

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In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury announced a federal takeover of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, placing the two federal instrumentalities in conservatorship. Under the terms of the takeover, the U.S. Treasury agreed to acquire $1 billion of senior preferred stock of each instrumentality and obtained warrants for the purchase of common stock of each instrumentality. Under these Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (“SPAs”), the U.S. Treasury has pledged to provide a limited amount of capital per instrumentality as needed, including the contribution of cash capital to the instrumentalities in the event their liabilities exceed their assets. In May 2009, the U.S. Treasury increased its maximum commitment to each instrumentality under the SPAs from $100 billion to $200 billion per instrumentality. In December 2009, the U.S. Treasury amended the SPAs to provide Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac with some additional flexibility to meet the requirement to reduce their mortgage portfolios. Also in December 2009, the U.S. Treasury further amended the SPAs to allow the cap on the U.S. Treasury’s funding commitment to increase as necessary to accommodate any cumulative reduction in Fannie Mae’s and Freddie Mac’s net worth through the end of 2012. On August 17, 2012, the U.S. Treasury announced that it was again amending the Agreement to terminate the requirement that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac each pay a 10% dividend annually on all amounts received under the funding commitment. Instead, they are now required to transfer to the U.S. Treasury on a quarterly basis all profits earned during a quarter that exceed a certain capital reserve amount. On September 30, 2019, the U.S. Treasury and the FHFA announced that they had agreed to modifications to the SPAs that will permit Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to retain additional earnings in excess of the $3 billion capital reserves previously permitted by their SPAs, increasing the amounts to $25 billion and $20 billion, respectively. However, shareholders of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae have since sued the U.S. Government over the profit sweep, contending that it was a breach of contract and an improper taking of private property without just compensation. Both of these legal arguments continue to move forward through various courts and could influence the U.S. Government’s policy towards the mortgage financial system.

 

Until further action is taken, the actions of the U.S. Treasury are intended to ensure that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac maintain a positive net worth and meet their financial obligations, preventing mandatory triggering of receivership. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury initiatives will be successful. Other U.S. government securities the Funds may invest in include (but are not limited to) securities issued or guaranteed by the Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Loan Administration, Export-Import Bank of the U.S., Small Business Administration, General Services Administration, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Farm Credit Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Federal Land Banks, Maritime Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority and District of Columbia Armory Board. Because the U.S. Government is not obligated by law to provide support to an instrumentality it sponsors, a Fund will invest in obligations issued by such an instrumentality only if its Advisor or Sub-Advisor, as applicable, determines that the credit risk with respect to the instrumentality does not make its securities unsuitable for investment by the Fund.

 

A Fund may also invest in separately traded principal and interest components of securities guaranteed or issued by the U.S. Government or its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises if such components trade independently under the Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities program (“STRIPS”) or any similar program sponsored by the U.S. Government. STRIPS may be sold as zero coupon securities. See “Zero Coupon Bonds” for additional information.

 

The total public debt of the United States as a percentage of gross domestic product has grown rapidly since the beginning of the 2008-2009 financial downturn. Although high debt levels do not necessarily indicate or cause economic problems, they may create certain systemic risks if sound debt management practices are not implemented. A high national debt can raise concerns that the U.S. Government will not be able to make principal or interest payments when they are due.

 

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When-Issued, Delayed-Delivery and Forward Commitment Securities

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs, from time to time, in the ordinary course of business, may purchase securities on a when-issued, delayed-delivery or forward commitment basis (i.e., delivery and payment can take place between a month and 120 days after the date of the transaction). These securities are subject to market fluctuation and no interest accrues to the purchaser during this period. At the time a Fund makes the commitment to purchase securities on a when-issued, delayed-delivery or forward commitment basis, the Fund will record the transaction and thereafter reflect the value of the securities, each day, in determining the Fund’s NAV. A Fund will not purchase securities on a when-issued, delayed-delivery or forward commitment basis if, as a result, more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets would be so invested. At the time of delivery of the securities, the value of the securities may be more or less than the purchase price. A Fund will also establish a segregated account with the Fund’s custodian bank in which the Fund will maintain cash or liquid securities equal to or greater in value than the Fund’s purchase commitments for such when-issued, delayed-delivery or forward commitment securities. The Trust does not believe that a Fund’s NAV or income will be adversely affected by the Fund’s purchase of securities on a when-issued, delayed-delivery or forward commitment basis.

 

Zero Coupon Bonds

 

Each Fund and certain of the underlying ETPs may invest in U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds. These securities are U.S. Treasury bonds which have been stripped of their un-matured interest coupons, the coupons themselves, and receipts or certificates representing interests in such stripped debt obligations and coupons. Interest is not paid in cash during the term of these securities, but is accrued and paid at maturity. Such obligations have greater price volatility than coupon obligations and other normal interest-paying securities, and the value of zero coupon securities reacts more quickly to changes in interest rates than do coupon bonds. Because dividend income is accrued throughout the term of the zero coupon obligation, but is not actually received until maturity, a Fund may have to sell other securities to pay said accrued dividends prior to maturity of the zero coupon obligation. Unlike regular U.S. Treasury bonds, which pay semi-annual interest, U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds do not generate semi-annual coupon payments. Instead, zero coupon bonds are purchased at a substantial discount from the maturity value of such securities, the discount reflecting the current value of the deferred interest; this discount is amortized as interest income over the life of the security, and is taxable even though there is no cash return until maturity. Zero coupon U.S. Treasury issues originally were created by government bond dealers who bought U.S. Treasury bonds and issued receipts representing an ownership interest in the interest coupons or in the principal portion of the bonds. Subsequently, the U.S. Treasury began directly issuing zero coupon bonds with the introduction of STRIPS. While zero coupon bonds eliminate the reinvestment risk of regular coupon issues, that is, the risk of subsequently investing the periodic interest payments at a lower rate than that of the security held, zero coupon bonds fluctuate much more sharply than regular coupon-bearing bonds. Thus, when interest rates rise, the value of zero coupon bonds will decrease to a greater extent than will the value of regular bonds having the same interest rate.

 

Recent Market Events

 

Changes in market conditions will not have the same impact on all types of securities. Interest rates have been unusually low in recent years in the United States and abroad. Because there is little precedent for this situation, it is difficult to predict the impact of a significant rate increase on various markets. For example, because investors may buy securities or other investments with borrowed money, a significant increase in interest rates may cause a decline in the markets for those investments. Because of the sharp decline in the worldwide price of oil, there is a concern that oil producing nations may withdraw significant assets now held in U.S. Treasuries, which could force a substantial increase in interest rates. Regulators have expressed concern that rate increases may cause investors to sell fixed income securities faster than the market can absorb them, contributing to price volatility. In addition, there is a risk that the prices of goods and services in the U.S. and many foreign economies may decline over time, known as deflation (the opposite of inflation). Deflation may have an adverse effect on stock prices and creditworthiness and may make defaults on debt more likely. If a country’s economy slips into a deflationary pattern, it could last for a prolonged period and may be difficult to reverse.

 

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Periods of market volatility may continue to occur in response to pandemics or other events outside of our control. These types of events could adversely affect a Fund’s performance. For example, since December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus has spread globally, which has resulted in the temporary closure of many corporate offices, retail stores, manufacturing facilities and factories, and other businesses across the world. The extent to which the coronavirus may negatively affect the Fund’s performance or the duration of any potential business disruption is uncertain. Any potential impact on performance will depend to a large extent on future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of the coronavirus and the actions taken by authorities and other entities to contain the coronavirus or treat its impact.

 

Cybersecurity

 

With the increased use of technologies such as the Internet and the dependence on computer systems to perform business and operational functions, investment companies (such as the Funds) and their service providers (including the Advisor and Sub-Advisors) may be prone to operational and information security risks resulting from cyber-attacks and/or technological malfunctions. In general, cyber-attacks are deliberate, but unintentional events may have similar effects. Cyber-attacks include, among others, stealing or corrupting data maintained online or digitally, preventing legitimate users from accessing information or services on a website, releasing confidential information without authorization, and causing operational disruption. Successful cyber-attacks against, or security breakdowns of, a Fund, the Advisor, a Sub-Advisor, or a custodian, transfer agent, or other affiliated or third-party service provider may adversely affect the Fund or its shareholders. For instance, cyber-attacks may interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, affect a Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV, cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential Fund information, impede trading, cause reputational damage, and subject the Fund to regulatory fines, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and additional compliance costs. Cyber-attacks may render records of Fund assets and transactions, shareholder ownership of Fund shares, and other data integral to the functioning of the Fund inaccessible or inaccurate or incomplete. A Fund may also incur substantial costs for cybersecurity risk management in order to prevent cyber incidents in the future. A Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result. While the Advisor has established business continuity plans and systems designed to minimize the risk of cyber-attacks through the use of technology, processes and controls, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified given the evolving nature of this threat. The Funds rely on third-party service providers for many of their day-to-day operations, and will be subject to the risk that the protections and protocols implemented by those service providers will be ineffective to protect the Funds from cyber-attack. Similar types of cybersecurity risks also are present for issuers of securities in which a Fund invests, which could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the Fund’s investment in such securities to lose value.

 

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

 

Except with respect to a Fund’s fundamental policy relating to borrowing, if a percentage limitation in a policy below is adhered to at the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from a change in value will not result in a violation of such restriction.

 

Fundamental Policies of the Funds

 

The investment limitations listed below are fundamental policies of the Funds, and cannot be changed with respect to a Fund without the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Under the 1940 Act, a “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” of a fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the fund or (2) 67% or more of the shares present at a shareholders meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy.

 

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Each Fund may not:

 

1.Borrow money, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief. The 1940 Act presently allows a fund to (1) borrow from any bank (including pledging, mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in an amount up to 331/3% of its total assets, (2) borrow money for temporary purposes in an amount not exceeding 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the time of the loan, and (3) enter into reverse repurchase agreements.

 

2.Make loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

 

3.Purchase or sell real estate, except that, to the extent permitted by applicable law, a Fund may (a) invest in securities or other instruments directly or indirectly secured by real estate, and (b) invest in securities or other instruments issued by issuers that invest in real estate.

 

4.Issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

 

5.Underwrite securities issued by others, except to the extent that a Fund may be considered an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act in the disposition of restricted securities or in connection with investments in other investment companies.

 

Each of the AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF, AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF, AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF, AdvisorShares Hotel ETF, AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF, AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF, AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF, AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF, AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF, AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF, AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF and AdvisorShares Vice ETF may not:

 

6.Purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments issued by persons that purchase or sell commodities or commodities contracts; but this shall not prevent the Fund from purchasing, selling and entering into financial futures contracts (including futures contracts on indices of securities, interest rates and currencies), options on financial futures contracts (including futures contracts on indices of securities, interest rates and currencies), warrants, swaps, forward contracts, foreign currency spot and forward contracts or other derivative instruments that are not related to physical commodities.

 

The AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF and AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF may not:

 

7.Purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments issued by persons that purchase or sell commodities or commodities contracts.

 

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Each Fund except the AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF, AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF, AdvisorShares Hotel ETF, AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF, and AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF may not:

 

8.With respect to 75% of its total assets, (i) purchase securities of any issuer (except securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or shares of investment companies) if, as a result, more than 5% of its total assets would be invested in the securities of such issuer, or (ii) acquire more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer.*

 

Each of the AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF, AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF, AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF, AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF, AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF, AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF, AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF, AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF, AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF and AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF may not:

 

9. Invest more than 25% of its total assets in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry or group of industries. (The limitation against industry concentration does not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or to shares of investment companies; however, a Fund will not invest more than 25% of its total assets in any investment company that so concentrates.)*

 

The AdvisorShares Hotel ETF and AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF may not:

 

10. Invest more than 25% of its total assets in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry or group of industries except that the Fund will concentrate (i.e., invest more than 25% of its total assets) in the securities of issuers in the Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure Industry. (The limitation against industry concentration does not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or to shares of investment companies; however, the Fund will not invest more than 25% of its net assets in any investment company that so concentrates.)*

 

The AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, and AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF may not:

 

 11.Invest more than 25% of its total assets in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry or group of industries except that the Fund will concentrate (i.e., invest more than 25% of its total assets) in the securities of issuers in the Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences Industry Group. (The limitation against industry concentration does not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or to shares of investment companies; however, the Fund will not invest more than 25% of its net assets in any investment company that so concentrates.)*

 

The AdvisorShares Vice ETF may not:

 

12. Invest more than 25% of its total assets in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry or group of industries except that the Fund will concentrate (i.e., invest more than 25% of its total assets) in the securities of issuers in the Food, Beverage & Tobacco Industry Group. (The limitation against industry concentration does not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or to shares of investment companies; however, the Fund will not invest more than 25% of its total assets in any investment company that so concentrates.)*

 

 
*For purposes of this policy, the issuer of the underlying security will be deemed to be the issuer of any respective depositary receipt.

 

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The AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF may not:

 

13. Invest more than 25% of its total assets in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry or group of industries, except the Fund will concentrate (i.e., invest more than 25% of its total assets) in the securities of issuers in the Aerospace & Defense Industry. (The limitation against industry concentration does not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or to shares of investment companies; however, the Fund will not invest more than 25% of its net assets in any investment company that so concentrates.)*

 

Non-Fundamental Policies of the Funds

 

In addition to the investment objective of each Fund, the investment limitations listed below are non-fundamental policies of the Funds and may be changed with respect to any Fund by the Board.

 

The AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF may not:

 

1.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its total assets in ADRs and securities that have economic characteristics similar to ADRs.

 

The AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF may not:

 

2.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in US investments.

 

The AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF may not:

 

3.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in micro-cap securities.

 

The AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF may not:

 

4.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in investments that create or result in short exposure to U.S. equity securities.

 

 
*For purposes of this policy, the issuer of the underlying security will be deemed to be the issuer of any respective depositary receipt.

 

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The AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF may not:

 

5. Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of companies that derive at least 50% of their revenue or profit from the use and/or manufacture of drones or technology used in the development and manufacture of drones.

 

Each of the AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF and AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF may not:

 

6.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in equity securities.

 

The AdvisorShares Hotel ETF may not:

 

7.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of companies that derive at least 50% of their net revenue from the hotel business.

 

The AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF and AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF may not:

 

8.Invest in other investment company securities in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act.

 

The AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF may not:

 

9. Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in (i) securities of companies that derive at least 50% of their net revenue directly from the marijuana and hemp business or from providing services, products or technology to the marijuana and hemp business, and in (ii) derivatives that have economic characteristics similar to such securities.

 

The AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF may not:

 

10. Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in (i) securities of companies that derive at least 50% of their net revenue from or devote 50% of their assets to psychedelic drugs and (ii) derivatives that have economic characteristics similar to such securities.

 

The AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF may not:

 

11.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of companies that derive at least 50% of their net revenue from the marijuana and hemp business and in derivatives or other instruments that have economic characteristics similar to such securities.

 

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The AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF may not:

 

12.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of companies that derive at least 50% of their net revenue from the marijuana and hemp business in the United States and in derivatives or other instruments that have economic characteristics similar to such securities.

 

The AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF may not:

 

13.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of companies that derive at least 50% of their net revenue from the restaurant business.

 

The AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF may not:

 

14.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in short positions in equity securities.

 

The AdvisorShares Vice ETF may not:

 

15.Without providing 60 days notice to shareholders, change its investment strategy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of (i) companies that derive at least 50% of their net revenue from tobacco and alcoholic beverages, (ii) companies that derive at least 50% of their net revenue from the food and beverage industry, and (iii) companies that derive at least 50% of their net revenue from gaming activities.

 

CONTINUOUS OFFERING

 

The method by which Creation Units are created and sold may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units of shares are issued and sold by a Fund on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus-delivery requirement and liability provisions of the Securities Act.

 

For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing a creation order, breaks them down into constituent shares, and sells such shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.

 

Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters,” but are effecting transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to shares are reminded that, under Rule 153 of the Securities Act, a prospectus-delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on an exchange is satisfied by the fact that the prospectus is available at the exchange upon request. The prospectus-delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.

 

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The Advisor may purchase Creation Unit Aggregations through a broker-dealer to “seed” a Fund as it is launched or may purchase shares from other broker-dealers that have previously provided “seed” for a Fund when it was launched or otherwise in secondary market transactions, and because the Advisor may be deemed an affiliate of the Fund, the shares are being registered to permit the resale of these shares from time to time after purchase. A Fund will not receive any of the proceeds from the resale by the Advisor of these shares.

 

The Advisor intends to sell all or a portion of the shares owned by it and offered hereby from time to time directly or through one or more broker-dealers. The shares may be sold on any national securities exchange on which the shares may be listed or quoted at the time of sale, in the over-the-counter market or in transactions other than on these exchanges or systems at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices. These sales may be effected in transactions, which may involve crosses or block transactions. The Advisor may use any one or more of the following methods when selling shares:

 

ordinary brokerage transactions through brokers or dealers (who may act as agents or principals) or directly to one or more purchasers;

 

privately negotiated transactions;

 

through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether such options are listed on an options exchange or otherwise; and

 

any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

 

The Advisor may also loan or pledge shares to broker-dealers that in turn may sell such shares, to the extent permitted by applicable law. The Advisor may also enter into options or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell.

 

The Advisor and any broker-dealer or agents participating in the distribution of shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions paid to any such broker-dealer or agent and any profit on the resale of the shares purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. The Advisor who may be deemed an “underwriter” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act will be subject to the applicable prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act.

 

The Advisor has informed the Funds that it is not a registered broker-dealer and does not have any written or oral agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the shares. Upon a Fund being notified in writing by the Advisor that any material arrangement has been entered into with a broker-dealer for the sale of shares through a block trade, special offering, exchange distribution or secondary distribution or a purchase by a broker or dealer, a supplement to this SAI will be filed, if required, pursuant to Rule 497 under the Securities Act, disclosing (i) the name of the Advisor and the name(s) of the participating broker-dealer(s), (ii) the number of shares involved, (iii) the price at which such shares were sold, (iv) the commissions paid or discounts or concessions allowed to such broker-dealer(s), where applicable, (v) that such broker-dealer(s) did not conduct any investigation to verify the information set out or incorporated by reference in the Fund’s Prospectus and SAI, and (vi) other facts material to the transaction.

 

The Advisor and any other person participating in such distribution will be subject to applicable provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) and the rules and regulations thereunder, including, without limitation, to the extent applicable, Regulation M. To the extent applicable, Regulation M may also restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of the shares to engage in market-making activities with respect to the shares. All of the foregoing may affect the marketability of the shares and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to the shares. There is a risk that the Advisor may redeem its investments in a Fund or otherwise sell its shares to a third party that may redeem. As with redemptions by other large shareholders, such redemptions could have a significant negative impact on the Fund and its shares.

 

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EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING

 

A discussion of exchange listing and trading matters associated with an investment in a Fund is contained in each Fund’s Prospectus. The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, each Fund’s Prospectus.

 

Shares of the Funds are listed and traded on the applicable Exchange at prices that may differ to some degree from the Fund’s NAV. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the applicable Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of shares will continue to be met.

 

As in the case of other stocks traded on an Exchange, broker’s commissions on purchases or sales of shares in market transactions will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.

 

The Trust reserves the right to adjust the price levels of shares in the future to help maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of a Fund.

 

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

 

Brokerage Transactions. Generally, equity securities are bought and sold through brokerage transactions for which commissions are payable. Purchases from underwriters will include the underwriting commission or concession, and purchases from dealers serving as market makers will include a dealer’s mark-up or reflect a dealer’s mark-down. Money market securities and other debt securities are usually bought and sold directly from the issuer or an underwriter or market maker for the securities. Generally, a Fund will not pay brokerage commissions for such purchases. When a debt security is bought from an underwriter, the purchase price will usually include an underwriting commission or concession. The purchase price for securities bought from dealers serving as market makers will similarly include the dealer’s mark up or reflect a dealer’s mark down. When a Fund executes transactions in the over-the-counter market, it will generally deal with primary market makers unless prices that are more favorable are otherwise obtainable.

 

In addition, the Advisor or a Sub-Advisor may place a combined order, often referred to as “bunching,” for two or more accounts it manages, including a Fund, engaged in the purchase or sale of the same security or other instrument if, in its judgment, joint execution is in the best interest of each participant and will result in best price and execution. Transactions involving commingled orders are allocated in a manner deemed equitable to each account or Fund. Although it is recognized that, in some cases, the joint execution of orders could adversely affect the price or volume of the security that a particular account or the Fund may obtain, it is the opinion of the Sub-Advisors, Advisor, and Board that the advantages of combined orders outweigh the possible disadvantages of separate transactions. In addition, in some instances a Fund effecting the larger portion of a combined order may not benefit to the same extent as participants effecting smaller portions of the combined order. Nonetheless, the Advisor believes that the ability of a Fund to participate in higher volume transactions generally will be beneficial to the Fund.

 

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Brokerage Commissions. The Funds paid the following amounts in brokerage commissions for the periods indicated below:

 

Fund

Fund
Inception
Date

Aggregate Brokerage Commissions

Paid During Fiscal Years Ended June 30

2022 2021 2020
AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF 2/2/2021 $ [  ] $73,432 *
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF

12/26/2019

$ [  ] $75,995 $10,316
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF

12/26/2019

$ [  ] $51,474 $7,689
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF

12/26/2019

$ [  ] $5,021 $10,627
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF 7/20/2010 $ [  ] $81,512 $60,464
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF 7/10/2018 $ [  ] $16,469 $4,681
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF 7/10/2018 $ [  ] $258,621 $595,938
AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF 4/27/2022 $ [  ] * *
AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF 9/20/2016 $ [  ] $1,292 $1,933
AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF 7/01/2021 $[  ] * *
AdvisorShares Hotel ETF 4/20/2021 $ [  ] $1,459 *
AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF 10/4/2011 $ [  ] $13,351 $37,177
AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF 2/8/2022 $[  ] * *
AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF 3/19/2013 $ [  ] $174 $193
AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF 1/14/2014 $ [  ] $26 $5,588
AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF 11/17/2021 $ [  ] * *
AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF 9/15/2021 $[  ] * *
AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF 4/17/2019 $ [  ] $273,521 $101,731
AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF 9/1/2020 $ [  ] $166,323 *
AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF 12/28/2020 $ [  ] $5,821 *
AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF 12/28/2020 $ [  ] $3,659 *
AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF 1/26/2011 $ [  ] $1,366,621 $2,305,938
AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF 4/20/2021 $ [  ] $1,171 *
AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF 9/17/2012 $ [  ] $2,739 $7,568
AdvisorShares Vice ETF 12/11/2017 $ [  ] $10,203 $3,959

 

* Not in operation during the period.

 

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Differences from year to year in the amount of brokerage commissions paid by the Funds (as disclosed in the table above) were primarily the result of shareholder purchase and redemption activity, as well as each Fund’s overall volatility. Changes in the amount of commissions paid by a Fund do not reflect material changes in that Fund’s investment objective or strategies over these periods.

 

Brokerage Selection. The Trust does not expect to use one particular broker-dealer to effect the Trust’s portfolio transactions. When one or more broker-dealers is believed capable of providing the best combination of price and execution, the Advisor or a Sub-Advisor is not required to select a broker-dealer based on the lowest commission rate available for a particular transaction. In such cases, the Advisor or a Sub-Advisor may pay a higher commission than otherwise obtainable from other brokers in return for brokerage research services provided to the Advisor or Sub-Advisor consistent with Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Section 28(e) provides that a sub-advisor may cause a fund to pay a broker-dealer a commission for effecting a transaction in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged as long as the sub-advisor makes a good faith determination that the amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the broker-dealer. To the extent the Advisor or a Sub-Advisor obtains brokerage and research services that it otherwise would acquire at its own expense, the Advisor or Sub-Advisor may have an incentive to place a greater volume of transactions or pay higher commissions than would otherwise be the case.

 

The Advisor or Sub-Advisors will only obtain brokerage and research services from broker-dealers in arrangements that are consistent with Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act. The types of products and services that the Advisor or a Sub-Advisor may obtain from broker-dealers through such arrangements will include research reports and other information on the economy, industries, sectors, groups of securities, individual companies, statistical information, political developments, technical market action, pricing and appraisal services, credit analysis, risk measurement analysis, performance and other analysis. The Advisor or a Sub-Advisor may use products and services provided by brokers in servicing all of its client accounts and not all such products and services may necessarily be used in connection with the account that paid commissions to the broker-dealer providing such products and services. Any advisory or other fees paid to the Advisor or a Sub-Advisor are not reduced as a result of the receipt of brokerage and research services.

 

In some cases, the Advisor or a Sub-Advisor may receive a product or service from a broker that has both a “research” and a “non-research” use. When this occurs, the Advisor or Sub-Advisor will make a good faith allocation between the research and non-research uses of the product or service. The percentage of the service that is used for research purposes may be paid for with brokerage commissions, while the Advisor or Sub-Advisor will use its own funds to pay for the percentage of the service that is used for non-research purposes. In making this good faith allocation, the Advisor or Sub-Advisor faces a potential conflict of interest, but the Advisor or Sub-Advisor believes that its allocation procedures are reasonably designed to appropriately allocate the anticipated use of such products and services to research and non-research uses.

 

Directed Brokerage. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, the Fund listed below paid commissions on brokerage transactions directed to brokers pursuant to an agreement or understanding whereby the broker provides research services to the Sub-Advisor.

 

Fund

Total Dollar Amount of

Brokerage Commissions

In Connection With
Research Services

Total Dollar Amount of

Transactions Involving
Brokerage Commissions
In Connection With
Research Services

[  ] $[  ] $[  ]

 

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The Advisor has entered into commission sharing arrangements (“CSAs”) with several broker-dealers. These CSAs are administered by a third party, Virtu Americas LLC (“Virtu”), which provides commission management services. Under this arrangement, the Advisor executes transactions with broker-dealers that provide brokerage services and instructs such brokers to share with Virtu a portion of the commissions received in connection with such transactions. Virtu, in its role as administrator of these commission sharing arrangements, will then pay for third-party research and brokerage products out of the shared commission it receives as instructed by the Advisor.

 

Brokerage with Fund Affiliates. A Fund may execute brokerage or other agency transactions through registered broker-dealer affiliates of the Fund, the Advisor, or the Fund’s Sub-Advisor for a commission in conformity with the 1940 Act, the Exchange Act and rules promulgated by the SEC. Under the 1940 Act and the Exchange Act, affiliated broker-dealers are permitted to receive and retain compensation for effecting portfolio transactions for the Funds on an exchange if a written contract is in effect between the affiliate and the Funds expressly permitting the affiliate to receive and retain such compensation. These rules further require that commissions paid to the affiliate by the Funds for exchange transactions not exceed “usual and customary” brokerage commissions. The rules define “usual and customary” commissions to include amounts which are “reasonable and fair compared to the commission, fee or other remuneration received or to be received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on a securities exchange during a comparable period of time.” The Board, including those trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Fund, has adopted procedures for evaluating the reasonableness of commissions paid to affiliates and reviews these procedures periodically.

 

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, the Funds did not pay brokerage commissions to affiliated brokers. [TO BE CONFIRMED]

 

Securities of “Regular Broker-Dealers.” Each Fund is required to identify any securities of its “regular brokers and dealers” (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) which a Fund may hold at the close of its most recent fiscal year. “Regular brokers or dealers” of the Trust are the ten brokers or dealers that, during the most recent fiscal year (i) received the greatest dollar amounts of brokerage commissions from the Trust’s portfolio transactions, (ii) engaged as principal in the largest dollar amounts of portfolio transactions of the Trust, or (iii) sold the largest dollar amounts of the Trust’s shares.

 

As of June 30, 2022, [  ]. [TO BE UPDATED]

 

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MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST

 

Board of Trustees

 

Board Responsibilities. The Board of Trustees is responsible for overseeing the management and affairs of the Funds and each of the Trust’s other funds, which are not described in this SAI. The Board has considered and approved contracts, as described herein, under which certain companies provide essential management and administrative services to the Trust. Like most funds, the day-to-day business of the Trust, including the day-to-day management of risk, is performed by third-party service providers, such as the Advisor, each Fund’s Sub-Advisor, the Distributor (defined below), and the Administrator (defined below). The Board is responsible for overseeing the Trust’s service providers and, thus, has oversight responsibility with respect to the risk management performed by those service providers. Risk management seeks to identify and eliminate or mitigate the potential effects of risks, i.e., events or circumstances that could have material adverse effects on the business, operations, shareholder services, investment performance or reputation of the Trust or funds. Under the overall supervision of the Board and the Audit Committee (discussed in more detail below), the service providers to a Fund employ a variety of processes, procedures and controls to identify risks relevant to the operations of the Trust and the Fund to lessen the probability of their occurrence and/or to mitigate the effects of such events or circumstances if they do occur. Each service provider is responsible for one or more discrete aspects of the Trust’s business (e.g., the Advisor or a Sub-Advisor is responsible for the day-to-day management of a Fund’s portfolio investments) and, consequently, for managing the risks associated with that activity. The Board has emphasized to the Funds’ service providers the importance of maintaining vigorous risk management.

 

The Board’s role in risk management oversight begins before the inception of a fund, at which time the fund’s primary service providers present the Board with information concerning the investment objectives, strategies and risks of the fund as well as proposed investment limitations for the fund. Additionally, the Advisor provides the Board with an overview of, among other things, its investment philosophy, brokerage practices and compliance infrastructure. Thereafter, the Board oversees the risk management of the fund’s operations, in part, by requesting periodic reports from and otherwise communicating with various personnel of the fund and its service providers, including in particular the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer and the fund’s independent accountants. The Board and, with respect to identified risks that relate to its scope of expertise, the Audit Committee, oversee efforts by management and service providers to manage risks to which the fund may be exposed.

 

The Board is responsible for overseeing the nature, extent and quality of the services provided to the Funds by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisors and receives information about those services at its regular meetings. In addition, on an annual basis, in connection with its consideration of whether to renew the Advisory Agreement and each Sub-Advisory Agreement with the Advisor and each Sub-Advisor, respectively, the Board meets with the Advisor and Sub-Advisors to review such services. Among other things, the Board regularly considers the Advisor’s and each Sub-Advisor’s adherence to a Fund’s investment restrictions and compliance with various Fund policies and procedures and with applicable securities regulations. The Board also reviews information about each Fund’s investments, including, for example, portfolio holdings schedules and reports on the Advisor’s or a Sub-Advisor’s use of higher-risk financial instruments in managing a Fund, if any, as well as reports on the Fund’s investments in other investment companies, if any. 

 

The Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer reports regularly to the Board to review and discuss compliance issues and Fund, Advisor, and Sub-Advisor risk assessments. At least annually, the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer provides the Board with a report reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of the Trust’s policies and procedures and those of its service providers, including the Advisor and each Sub-Advisor. The report addresses the operation of the policies and procedures of the Trust and each service provider since the date of the last report; any material changes to the policies and procedures since the date of the last report; any recommendations for material changes to the policies and procedures; and any material compliance matters since the date of the last report.

 

The Board receives reports from the Funds’ service providers regarding operational risks and risks related to the valuation and liquidity of portfolio securities. The Administrator makes regular reports to the Board concerning investments for which market quotations are not readily available. Annually, the independent registered public accounting firm reviews with the Audit Committee its audit of the Funds’ financial statements, focusing on major areas of risk encountered by each Fund and noting any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the Fund’s internal controls. Additionally, in connection with its oversight function, the Board oversees Fund management’s implementation of disclosure controls and procedures, which are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Trust in its periodic reports with the SEC, are recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the required time periods. The Board also oversees the Trust’s internal controls over financial reporting, which comprise policies and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of the Trust’s financial reporting and the preparation of the Trust’s financial statements.

 

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From their review of these reports and discussions with the Advisor, Sub-Advisors, Chief Compliance Officer, independent registered public accounting firm, and other service providers, the Board and the Audit Committee review in detail any material risks of each Fund, thereby facilitating a dialogue about how management and service providers identify and mitigate those risks.

 

The Board recognizes that not all risks that may affect the Funds can be identified, that it may not be practical or cost-effective to eliminate or mitigate certain risks, that it may be necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve a Fund’s goals, and that the processes, procedures and controls employed to address certain risks may be limited in their effectiveness. Moreover, despite the periodic reports the Board receives, it may not be made aware of all of the relevant information of a particular risk. Most of the Funds’ investment management and business affairs are carried out by or through the Advisor, Sub-Advisors, and other service providers. Each of these parties has an independent interest in risk management, but its policies and the methods by which one or more risk management functions are carried out may differ from that of a Fund and the other parties in the setting of priorities, the resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, the Board’s risk management oversight is subject to substantial limitations.

 

Members of the Board and Officers of the Trust. Set forth below are the names, ages, position with the Trust, term of office, and the principal occupations for a minimum of the last five years of each of the persons currently serving as members of the Board and as officers of the Trust. The members of the Board serve as Trustees for the life of the Trust or until retirement, removal, or their office is terminated pursuant to the Trust’s Declaration of Trust.

 

The Chairman of the Board, Noah Hamman, is an interested person of the Trust as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. No Independent Trustee (defined below) serves as a lead independent trustee. The Trust has determined its leadership structure is appropriate given the specific characteristics the Trust and its operations. The Trust made this determination in consideration of, among other things, the fact that the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Funds (i.e., “Independent Trustees”) constitute sixty-six percent (66%) of the Board, the fact that the Audit Committee is composed of the Independent Trustees, the amount of assets under management in the Trust, and the number of funds (and classes of shares) overseen by the Board. The Board also believes that its leadership structure facilitates the orderly and efficient flow of information to the Independent Trustees from Fund management.

 

Name, Address

and Date of Birth of
Trustee/Officer

Position(s) Held

with the Trust, Term of
Office and Length of
Time Served

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

Number of
Portfolios in Fund
Complex Overseen

by Trustee

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee
During Past 5 Years
Interested Trustee

Noah Hamman*

4800 Montgomery Lane
Suite 150
Bethesda, MD 20814

 

(1968)

Trustee (no set term); served since 2009 Chief Executive Officer, President, and Founder of AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (2006-present) [28] None

 

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Name, Address

and Date of Birth of
Trustee/Officer

Position(s) Held

with the Trust, Term of
Office and Length of
Time Served

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

Number of
Portfolios in Fund
Complex Overseen

by Trustee

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee
During Past 5 Years
Independent Trustees

Elizabeth (“Betsy”)
Piper/Bach

4800 Montgomery Lane
Suite 150
Bethesda, MD 20814

 

(1952)

Trustee (no set term); served since 2009 President of ASAE Business Services, Inc. (2017-present), ASAE Insurance Company (2020-present), ASAE Investments, LLC (2018-present), ASAE Real Estate (2017-present) (ASAE (American Society of Association Executives) is a membership organization serving the association and non-profit community); President of P/B Wealth Consulting (2017-present); Vice-President/Chief Operating Officer of NADA (National Automobile Dealers Association) Retirement Administrators, Inc. (2009-2017) [28] None

William G. McVay

4800 Montgomery Lane
Suite 150
Bethesda, MD 20814

 

(1954)

Trustee (no set term); served since 2011 Principal of Red Tortoise LLC (a boutique investment counseling firm) (May 2017-present); Founder of RDK Strategies, LLC (a firm providing investment management research and consulting solutions) (2007-present) [28] None
Officers

Noah Hamman

4800 Montgomery Lane,
Suite 150
Bethesda, MD 20814

 

(1968)

President (no set term); served since 2009 Chief Executive Officer, President, and Founder of AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (2006-present) N/A N/A

Julio Lugo

51 Stonehedge Drive

East Windsor, NJ 08520

 

(1963)

Vice President (no set term); served since 2021 Head of Fund Operations of AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (2021-present); Vice President of the Trust (2021-present); President/Founder of ETP Consultants LLC (2020-2021); Principal of BNY Mellon Depositary Receipts (2004-2020) N/A N/A

Dan Ahrens

2030 Modern Place

Dallas, TX 75214

 

(1966)

Secretary and Treasurer (no set terms); served since 2009 Managing Director of AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (2013-present); Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust (2009-2013); Executive Vice President of AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (2008-2013) N/A N/A

Stefanie Little

11 Gina Marie Lane

Elkton, MD 21921

 

(1967)

Chief Compliance Officer (no set term); served since 2013

Founder of Chenery Compliance Group, LLC (2015-present); Chief Compliance Officer of AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and the Trust (2013-present); Managing Member of SEC Compliance Alliance, LLC (2012-present); President of Little Consulting Group, Inc. (2011-present)

N/A N/A

 

* Mr. Hamman is an “interested” person of the Trust, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, by virtue of his ownership and controlling interest in the Advisor.

 

57

 

 

Board Committee. The Board has established the following standing committee:

 

Audit Committee. The Board has an Audit Committee that is composed of each of the Independent Trustees. The Audit Committee operates under a written charter approved by the Board. The principal responsibilities of the Audit Committee include (i) recommending which firm to engage as the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm and whether to terminate this relationship, (ii) reviewing the independent registered public accounting firm’s compensation, the proposed scope and terms of its engagement, and the firm’s independence, (iii) serving as a channel of communication between the independent registered public accounting firm and the Board, (iv) reviewing the results of each external audit, including any qualifications in the independent registered public accounting firm’s opinion, any related management letter, management’s responses to recommendations made by the independent registered public accounting firm in connection with the audit, if any, reports submitted to the Committee by the Trust’s service providers that are material to the Trust as a whole, and management’s responses to any such reports, (v) reviewing the Trust’s audited financial statements and considering any significant disputes between the Trust’s management and the independent registered public accounting firm that arose in connection with the preparation of those financial statements, (vi) considering, in consultation with the independent registered public accounting firm and the Trust’s senior internal accounting executive, the independent registered public accounting firm’s report on the adequacy of the Trust’s internal financial controls, (vii) reviewing, in consultation with the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm, major changes regarding auditing and accounting principles and practices to be followed when preparing the Trust’s financial statements, and (viii) other audit related matters. The Audit Committee also serves as the Trust’s Qualified Legal Compliance Committee, which provides a mechanism for reporting legal violations. The Audit Committee met 4 times during the most recently completed fiscal year.

 

Individual Trustee Qualifications. The Board has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve on the Board because of his or her ability to review and understand information about the Trust and the Funds provided by management, to identify and request other information he or she may deem relevant to the performance of his or her duties, to question management and other service providers regarding material factors bearing on the management and administration of the Funds, and to exercise his or her business judgment in a manner that serves the best interests of the Funds and their shareholders. The Board has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve as a Trustee based on his or her experience, qualifications, attributes and skills, as described below.

 

The Board has concluded that Mr. Hamman should serve as Trustee because of his extensive experience with mutual fund company business development, and the development of exchange-traded funds in particular, as well as his knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry in general.

 

The Board has concluded that Ms. Piper/Bach should serve as Trustee because of her extensive experience in and knowledge of public company accounting and auditing, the financial services industry, and fiduciary and banking law.

 

The Board has concluded that Mr. McVay should serve as Trustee because of his extensive experience in providing investment advice and business consulting services to financial institutions, endowments, foundations, corporations and pension funds.

 

Fund Shares Owned by Board Members. The following table shows the dollar amount range of each Trustee’s “beneficial ownership” of shares of each Fund and all series of the Trust as of the end of the most recently completed calendar year. Dollar amount ranges disclosed are established by the SEC. “Beneficial ownership” is determined in accordance with Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the Exchange Act. As of September 30, 2022, the Trustees and officers of the Trust owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of the Trust. [TO BE UPDATED]

 

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Trustee Name

Fund Name

Dollar Range of
Fund Shares
Aggregate Dollar Range
of Shares in All
Registered Investment Companies
Overseen by Trustee
in Family of
Investment Companies
Interested Trustee
Noah Hamman AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF [$50,001 - $100,000] [over $100,000]
AdvisorShares Hotel ETF [$10,001 - $50,000]
AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF [Over $100,000]
AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF [$1 - $10,000]
AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF [$1 - $10,000]
AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF [$50,001 - $100,000]
AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF

[$10,001 - $50,000]

AdvisorShares Vice ETF [$50,001 - $100,000]
Independent Trustees
Elizabeth Piper/Bach AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF [$1 - $10,000] [$10,001-$50,000]
AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF [$1 - $10,000]
AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF [$1 - $10,000]

William G. McVay

AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF [$10,001 - $50,000] [$10,001-$50,000]

 

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Board Compensation. The following table sets forth the compensation that was paid to each Trustee by the Trust for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022.

 

Name of Trustee

Aggregate Compensation
From Trust

Pension or Retirement
Benefits Accrued
as Part of
Trust’s Expenses

Estimated Annual Benefits
Upon Retirement

Total Compensation
from Fund Complex*

Interested Trustee
Noah Hamman [$0] [N/A] [N/A] [$0]
Independent Trustees
Elizabeth Piper/Bach [$48,750] [N/A] [N/A] [$48,750]
William G. McVay [$45,000] [N/A] [N/A] [$45,000]

 

* The Trust is the only registered investment company in the Fund Complex.

 

Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities [TO BE PROVIDED]

 

Although the Trust does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares held in the names of Depository Trust Company participants (“DTC Participants”), the name and percentage ownership of each DTC Participant that owned, as of September 30, 2022, 5% or more of the outstanding shares of each Fund is set forth in Appendix B. Shareholders having more than 25% beneficial ownership of a Fund’s outstanding shares may be in control of the Fund and be able to affect the outcome of certain matters presented for a vote of shareholders.

 

Codes of Ethics

 

The Board, on behalf of the Trust, has adopted a code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. In addition, the Advisor and each Sub-Advisor has adopted a code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1. These codes of ethics (each, a “Code of Ethics” and collectively, the “Codes of Ethics”) apply to the personal investing activities of trustees, directors, officers and certain employees (“access persons”). Rule 17j-1 and the Codes of Ethics are designed to prevent unlawful practices in connection with the purchase or sale of securities by access persons. Under each Code of Ethics, access persons are permitted to engage in personal securities transactions, but are required to report their personal securities transactions for monitoring purposes. In addition, certain access persons are required to obtain approval before investing in private placements and are prohibited from investing in IPOs. Copies of the Codes of Ethics are on file with the SEC and are available to the public.

 

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Proxy Voting

 

The Board has delegated responsibility for decisions regarding proxy voting for securities held by each Fund to the Advisor or to its Sub-Advisor, if any. The Advisor and Sub-Advisors will vote such proxies in accordance with their respective proxy policies and procedures, each of which is included in Appendix C to this SAI. The Board will periodically review each Fund’s proxy voting record.

 

The Trust will annually disclose its complete proxy voting record on Form N-PX. The Trust’s most recent Form N-PX will be available without charge, upon request by calling 877.843.3831 or by writing to the Trust at 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. The Trust’s Form N-PX will also be available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

The Advisor and the Advisory Agreement

 

The Advisor, a registered investment advisor under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”), is located at 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. The Advisor is a Delaware limited liability company organized on October 12, 2006. The membership units are owned and controlled by Wilson Lane Group, LLC, which is controlled by Noah Hamman, Chief Executive Officer of the Advisor.

 

Pursuant to an investment advisory agreement with the Trust (the “Advisory Agreement”), the Advisor serves as the investment advisor for the Trust and provides investment advice to the Funds and manages and/or oversees the day-to-day operations of the Funds, subject to the general supervision and oversight of the Board and the officers of the Trust. With respect to the AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF, AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF, AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, AdvisorShares Hotel ETF, AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF, AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF, AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF and AdvisorShares Vice ETF, the Advisor is responsible for the investment and reinvestment of the assets of the Fund in accordance with the investment objectives, policies, and limitations of the Fund, subject to the general supervision and oversight of the Board and the officers of the Trust. With respect to the other Funds, the Advisor, in addition to maintaining its overall responsibility to manage the Funds, oversees the investment and reinvestment of the assets of each Fund by its Sub-Advisor, in accordance with the investment objectives, policies, and limitations of each Fund, subject to the general supervision and oversight of the Board and the officers of the Trust.

 

The Advisor bears all costs associated with providing these advisory services and the expenses of the members of the Board who are affiliated with or interested persons of the Advisor. The Advisor, from its own resources, including profits from advisory fees received from the Funds, provided such fees are legitimate and not excessive, may make payments to broker-dealers and other financial institutions for their expenses in connection with the distribution of Fund shares, and otherwise currently pay all distribution costs for Fund shares. The Advisor may from time to time reimburse certain expenses of a Fund in order to limit the Fund’s operating expenses as described in each Fund’s Prospectus.

 

For its investment management services, the Advisor is entitled to a fee, which is calculated daily and paid monthly at the annual rates listed below based on the average daily net assets of the Funds.

 

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With respect to each Fund (except the AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF and AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF as described below), the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses in order to keep net expenses (excluding amounts payable pursuant to any plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1, interest expense, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and extraordinary expenses) from exceeding the Maximum Annual Operating Expense Limit (listed below) of each Fund’s average daily net assets for at least a year from the date of the applicable Prospectus. The expense limitation agreement may be terminated without payment of any penalty (i) by the Trust for any reason and at any time and (ii) by the Advisor, for any reason, upon ninety (90) days’ prior written notice to the Trust, such termination by the Advisor to be effective as of the close of business on the last day of the then-current one-year period. If at any point it becomes unnecessary for the Advisor to waive fees or make expense reimbursements, the Board may permit the Advisor to retain the difference between a Fund’s total annual operating expenses and the Fund’s Maximum Annual Operating Expense Limit currently in effect, or, if lower, the expense limitation that was in effect at the time of the waiver and/or reimbursement, to recapture all or a portion of its prior fee reductions or expense reimbursements within three years of the date they were waived or reimbursed.

 

Fund

Advisory Fee as a %
of Average Daily Net Assets

Maximum Annual
Operating Expense Limit
AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF 0.76% 1.35%
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF 0.75% 0.99%
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF 0.75% 0.99%
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF 0.75% 0.99%
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF 0.75% 1.10%1
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF 0.75% 1.25%2
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF 0.75% 1.25%2
AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF 0.64% 0.99%
AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF 0.75% 0.75%
AdvisorShares Hotel ETF 0.60% 0.99%
AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF 0.70% 0.90%
AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF 0.70% 0.99%
AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF 0.50% 0.75%
AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF 0.30% 0.35%
AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF 0.80% 0.99%
AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF 0.60% 0.99%
AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF 0.60%3 0.74%
AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF 0.60% 0.74%
AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF 1.50% 1.85%
AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF 0.60% 0.99%
AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF 1.35% 1.85%
AdvisorShares Vice ETF 0.60% 0.99%4

 

1 The expense limitation for the Fund increased from 0.88% to 1.10% effective November 1, 2019.

2 The expense limitation for the Fund increased from 0.99 to 1.25% effective November 1, 2019.

3 Effective November 24, 2021, the Fund’s advisory fee is as reflected less the acquired fund fees and expenses related to any investment in AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF. Prior to November 24, 2021, the advisory fee was 0.60%.

4 The expense limitation for the Fund increased from 0.75% to 0.99% effective November 1, 2019.

 

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With respect to the AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF and AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF, the Advisor’s advisory fee has two components -- the base fee and the performance fee adjustment. The base fee is the pre-determined rate at which the Advisor is paid when the Fund’s net performance is in line with Fund’s pre-determined performance benchmark. The base fee is subject to an upward or downward adjustment by the performance fee. If the Fund outperforms the performance benchmark, the Advisor may receive an upward fee adjustment. If the Fund underperforms the performance benchmark, the Advisor may receive a downward fee adjustment. The Advisor’s annual base fee based on the Fund’s average daily net assets. The performance fee adjustment is derived by comparing the Fund’s performance over a rolling twelve-month period to its performance benchmark, which is set forth below. The base fee is adjusted at a rate of 0.02% for every 0.25% to 0.50% of out-performance or under-performance compared to the performance benchmark, but only up to 2.00% of the performance benchmark. As a result, the maximum possible performance fee adjustment, up or down, to the base fee is 0.10%. Accordingly, the Advisor’s annual advisory fee may range as follows, based on the Fund’s average daily net assets:

 

Fund Performance Benchmark Annual Advisory Fee Range
AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF S&P 500 Index 0.65% to 0.85%
AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF

Blended 60% S&P 500 Index/
40% Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index

0.64% to 0.84%
AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF S&P 500 Index 0.90% to 1.10%

 

With respect to the AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, the following table illustrates how the effective annual rate of the advisory fee would vary under this arrangement, which is commonly referred to as a “fulcrum” fee arrangement:

 

Base Fee   0.75%
Incremental Changes   0.02%
Performance to Benchmark   Advisory Fee
2.00%   0.85%
1.50%   0.83%
1.25%   0.81%
1.00%   0.79%
0.50%   0.77%
+/- 0   0.75%
-0.50%   0.73%
-1.00%   0.71%
-1.25%   0.69%
-1.50%   0.67%
-2.00%   0.65%

 

63

 

 

With respect to the AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF and the AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF, the following tables illustrate how the effective annual rate of the advisory fee for each Fund would vary under the Fund’s “fulcrum” fee arrangement:

 

AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF

Base Fee   1.00%
Incremental Changes   0.02%
Performance to Benchmark   Advisory Fee
2.00%   1.10%
1.50%   1.08%
1.25%   1.06%
1.00%   1.04%
0.50%   1.02%
+/- 0   1.00%
-0.50%   0.98%
-1.00%   0.96%
-1.25%   0.94%
-1.50%   0.92%
-2.00%   0.90%

 

AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF

Base Fee   0.74%
Incremental Changes   0.02%
Performance to Benchmark   Advisory Fee
2.00%   0.84%
1.50%   0.82%
1.25%   0.80%
1.00%   0.78%
0.50%   0.76%
+/- 0   0.74%
-0.50%   0.72%
-1.00%   0.70%
-1.25%   0.68%
-1.50%   0.66%
-2.00%   0.64%

 

64

 

 

With respect to the AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF and AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF, the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses in order to keep net expenses (excluding amounts payable pursuant to any plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1, interest expense, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and extraordinary expenses) from exceeding the Maximum Annual Operating Expense Limit (listed below) of each Fund’s average daily net assets for at least one year from the date of the Prospectus. The expense limitation agreement may be terminated without payment of any penalty (i) by the Trust for any reason and at any time and (ii) by the Advisor, for any reason, upon ninety (90) days’ prior written notice to the Trust, such termination by the Advisor to be effective as of the close of business on the last day of the then-current one year period. If at any point it becomes unnecessary for the Advisor to waive fees or make expense reimbursements, the Board may permit the Advisor to retain the difference between a Fund’s total annual operating expenses and the Fund’s Maximum Annual Operating Expense Limit currently in effect, or, if lower, the expense limitation that was in effect at the time of the waiver and/or reimbursement, to recapture all or a portion of its prior fee reductions or expense reimbursements within three years of the date they were waived or reimbursed.

 

Fund

Maximum Annual Operating Expense Limit
AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF A percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets equal to the annual rate of the advisory fee, which can range from 0.65% to 0.85%
AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF 1.45%
AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF 0.99%

 

The Funds paid the following advisory fees to the Advisor for the periods indicated below:

 

Fund

Fund
Inception
Date
Aggregate
Advisory Fees

Advisory Fees (Waived)

and/or Recaptured

Net Advisory
Fees Paid
2022 2021 2020 2022 2021 2020 2022 2021 2020
AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF 2/2/21 $[  ] $182,703 --(1) $[  ] $0 --(1) $[  ] $182,749 --(1)
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF 12/26/19 $[  ] $498,812 $113,260 $[  ] $31,003 $(31,003) $[  ] $529,815 $82,257
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF 12/26/19 $[  ] $954,277 $132,103 $[  ] $22,184 $(22,184) $[  ] $976,462

$109,919

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF 12/26/19 $[  ] $527,379 $121,835 $[  ] $26,148 $(26,148) $[  ] $553,527 $95,687
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF 7/20/10 $[  ] $609,527 $735,743 $[  ] $115,324 $51,436 $[  ] $724,851 $787,179
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF 7/10/18 $[  ] $32,289 $15,224 $[  ] $(82,864) $(77,363) $[  ] $(50,576) $(62,139)
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF 7/10/18 $[  ] $440,092 $440,572 $[  ] $(42,680) $143,291 $[  ] $397,412 $583,863
AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF 4/27/22 $[  ] [  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] [  ] [  ] [  ] [  ]
AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF 9/20/16 $[  ] $156,639 $146,061 $[  ] $(125,958) $(125,699) $[  ] $30,681 $20,363
AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF 07/01/21 $[  ] --(1) --(1) $[  ] --(1) --(1) $[  ] --(1) --(1)
AdvisorShares Hotel ETF 4/20/21 $[  ] $5,057 --(1) $[  ] $(47,305) --(1) $[  ] $(42,248) --(1)

 

65

 

 

Fund

Fund
Inception
Date
Aggregate
Advisory Fees

Advisory Fees (Waived)

and/or Recaptured

Net Advisory
Fees Paid
2022 2021 2020 2022 2021 2020 2022 2021 2020
AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF 10/4/11 $[  ] $318,423 $379,112 $[  ] $(67,609) $(91,371) $[  ] $250,814 $287,741
AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF 2/8/22 $[  ] --(1) --(1) [  ] --(1) --(1) [  ] --(1) --(1)
AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF 3/19/13 $[  ] $371,877 $339,067 $[  ] $(21,007) $(50,459) $[  ] $350,870 $288,608
AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF 1/14/14 $[  ] $219,621 $283,646 $[  ] $(158,115) $(165,567) $[  ] $61,506 $118,079
AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF 11/17/21 $[  ] --(1) --(1) $[  ] --(1) --(1) $[  ] --(1) --(1)
AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF 9/15/21 $[  ] --(1) --(1) $[  ] --(1) --(1) $[  ] --(1) --(1)
AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF 4/17/19 $[  ] $1,280,905 $273,012 $[  ] $115,083 $(196,096) $[  ] $1,395,987 $76,916
AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF 9/1/20 $[  ] $2,815,553 --(1) $[  ] $(16,091) --(1) $[  ] $2,799,462 --(1)
AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF 12/28/20 $[  ] $177,872 --(1) $[  ] $(10,281) --(1) $[  ] $167,591 --(1)
AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF 12/28/20 $[  ] $20,445 --(1) $[  ] $(71,767) --(1) $[  ] $(51,322) --(1)
AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF 1/26/11 $[  ] $1,364,707 $2,202,563 $[  ] $0 $0 $[  ] $1,364,707 $2,202,563
AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF 4/20/21 $[  ] $4,134 --(1) $[  ] $(47,820) --(1) $[  ] $(43,686) --(1)
AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF 9/17/12 $[  ] $168,072 $187,760 $[  ] $(78,833) $(49,370) $[  ] $89,239 $138,391
AdvisorShares Vice ETF 12/12/17 $[  ] $69,820 $69,336 $[  ] $(83,764) $(79,288) $[  ] $(13,945) $(9,952)

 

(1) Not in operation for the period.

 

Pursuant to a fund services agreement between the Trust and the Advisor, the Advisor seeks to enter into arrangements with broker-dealers and other intermediaries to (1) obtain information about the nature of shareholders who own shares of the Trust through the intermediary and (2) permit certain share transactions through the intermediary without the imposition of a sales, transaction, or trade charge. The Advisor is entitled to reimbursement of a portion of expenditures that it makes relating to shareholder services of up to the lesser of 50% of the expenditures made by the Advisor on behalf of a Fund or an annual fee of 0.03% of the Fund’s average daily net assets. For the fiscal years ended 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Funds reimbursed the Advisor $[0], $[0], and $[0], respectively. [TO BE CONFIRMED]

 

Pursuant to an exemptive order granted by the SEC and subject to certain conditions, including Board approval, the Advisor may, without shareholder approval, hire one or more unaffiliated sub-advisors for a Fund, materially amend the terms of an agreement with an unaffiliated sub-advisor, or continue the employment of an unaffiliated sub-advisor after events that would otherwise cause an automatic termination of a sub-advisory agreement. Consequently, under the exemptive order, the Advisor has the right to hire or replace a sub-advisor when the Board and the Advisor feel that a change would benefit a Fund. Within 90 days of retaining a new sub-advisor, shareholders of the Fund will receive notification of the change. This “manager of managers” arrangement enables the Funds to operate with greater efficiency and without incurring the expense and delays associated with obtaining shareholder approval of sub-advisory agreements. The arrangement does not permit the Advisor’s investment advisory fee paid by a Fund to be increased or change the Advisor’s obligations under the Advisory Agreement, including the Advisor’s responsibility to monitor and oversee sub-advisory services furnished to the Fund, without shareholder approval.

 

66

 

 

The Sub-Advisors and the Sub-Advisory Agreements

 

Under separate sub-advisory agreements (collectively, the “Sub-Advisory Agreements”), each Sub-Advisor listed below serves as the investment sub-advisor to its respective Fund, makes the investment decisions for the Fund, and continuously reviews, supervises and administers the investment program of the Fund, subject to the supervision and oversight of, and policies established by, the Advisor and the Board.

 

Sub-Advisory Fees Paid to the Sub-Advisors. For its services under the Sub-Advisory Agreement, each Sub-Advisor is entitled to a fee, which is calculated daily and paid monthly by the Advisor, at an annual rate based on the average daily net assets of its respective Fund(s) as follows:

 

Fund

Fund
Inception
Date

Sub-Advisor

Sub-Advisory
Fee Rate

Sub-Advisory Fees Paid

for the Fiscal Years Ended June 30

2022 2021 2020
AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF 2/2/21 Alpha DNA Investment Management, LLC 0.45% $ [  ] $83,081.22 (1)
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF 7/20/10 Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC 0.25% $ [  ] $200,107.40 $251,583.07
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF 7/10/18 Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC 0.25% $ [  ] $9,371.24 $1,817.97
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF 7/10/18 Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC 0.25% $ [  ] $162,234.82 $100,642.25
AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF 07/01/21 Gerber Kawasaki, Inc. 0.50% $ [  ] (1) (1)
AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF 3/19/13 Newfleet Asset Management, LLC 0.25% $ [  ](2) $190,199.84(2) $131,440.95(2)
AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF 1/14/14

CSM Advisors, LLC

0.12%(3) $ [  ] $42,507.28 $52,057.57
AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF 11/17/21 Poseidon Investment Management, LLC 0.50% $ [  ] (1) (1)
AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF 12/28/20 ThinkBetter, LLC 0.65% $ [  ] $27,904.32 (1)
AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF 12/28/20 ThinkBetter, LLC 0.50% $ [  ] $0 (1)
AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF 1/26/11 Ranger Alternative Management, L.P. 1.00% $ [  ] $989,979.42 $1,463,948.66
AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF 9/17/12 CreativeOne Wealth, LLC 0.85% $ [  ] $48,282.74(4) $64,268.68(4)

 

(1) Not in operation for the period.
(2) The fees represent the sub-advisory fees paid to Newfleet Asset Management, LLC, the Fund’s former investment sub-adviser.
(3) Effective November 1, 2021, the Fund’s sub-advisory fee was changed from 0.15% to 0.12% of the Fund’s daily net assets. The fees reflected prior to June 30, 2021 represent the sub-advisory fees paid to Sage Advisory Services, Ltd. Co., the Fund’s former investment sub-advisor.
(4) The fees reflected prior to November 25, 2020 represent the sub-advisory fees paid to Partnervest Advisory Services, LLC, the Fund’s former investment sub-advisor.

 

67

 

 

With respect to the AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF and AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF, the Sub-Advisor’s fee has two components – the base fee and the performance fee adjustment. The base fee is the pre-determined rate at which the Sub-Advisor is paid when a Fund’s net performance is in line with Fund’s pre-determined performance benchmark. The base fee is subject to an upward or downward adjustment by the performance fee. If a Fund outperforms the performance benchmark, the Sub-Advisor may receive an upward fee adjustment. If a Fund underperforms the performance benchmark, the Sub-Advisor may receive a downward fee adjustment. The Sub-Advisor’s annual base fee is 0.50% of the AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF’s average daily net assets and 0.65% of the AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF’s average daily net assets. The performance fee adjustment is derived by comparing a Fund’s performance over a rolling twelve-month period to its performance benchmark. The base fee is adjusted at a rate of 0.02% for every 0.25% to 0.50% of out-performance or under-performance compared to the performance benchmark, but only up to 2.00% of the performance benchmark. As a result, the maximum possible performance fee adjustment, up or down, to the base fee is 0.10%. Accordingly, the Sub-Advisor’s annual sub-advisory fee may range from 0.40% to 0.60% of the AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF’s average daily net assets and 0.55% to 0.75% of the AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF’s average daily net assets. The following tables illustrate how the effective annual rate of the sub-advisory fee for each Fund would vary under this “fulcrum” fee arrangement:

 

AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF

Base Fee   0.50%
Incremental Changes   0.02%
Performance to Benchmark   Sub-Advisory Fee
2.00%   0.60%
1.50%   0.58%
1.25%   0.56%
1.00%   0.54%
0.50%   0.52%
+/- 0   0.50%
-0.50%   0.48%
-1.00%   0.46%
-1.25%   0.44%
-1.50%   0.42%
-2.00%   0.40%

 

AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF

Base Fee   0.65%
Incremental Changes   0.02%
Performance to Benchmark   Sub-Advisory Fee
2.00%   0.75%
1.50%   0.73%
1.25%   0.71%
1.00%   0.69%
0.50%   0.67%
+/- 0   0.65%
-0.50%   0.63%
-1.00%   0.61%
-1.25%   0.59%
-1.50%   0.57%
-2.00%   0.55%

 

68

 

 

Control Persons of Sub-Advisors. The following information describes the control persons of each Sub-Advisor. [TO BE CONFIRMED]

 

AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF –

Alpha DNA Investment Management, LLC, 8860 Columbia 100 Parkway, Suite 301, Columbia, Maryland 21045:

The Sub-Advisor is owned and controlled by Wayne Ferbert.

 

AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF and AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF –

Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC, 3300 W. Leigh Street, Richmond, Virginia 23230:

Dorsey Wright is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nasdaq, Inc., a stock exchange and financial services firm.

 

AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF –

Gerber Kawasaki, Inc., 2716 Ocean Park Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90405:

Gerber Kawasaki is owned and controlled by Ross Gerber and Danilo Kawasaki.

 

AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF –

Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC (“VFIA”) dba Newfleet Asset Management, One Financial Plaza, Hartford, Connecticut 06103:

VFIA is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Virtus Investment Partners, a publicly traded company on NASDAQ. Virtus is a holding company for several investment managers with distinct styles and investment processes.

 

AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF–

CSM Advisors, LLC, 420 Fort Duquesne Boulevard, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222:

CSM Advisors, LLC and its affiliates are ultimately and beneficially owned and controlled by NSI Holdco, LLC.

 

AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF –

Poseidon Investment Management, LLC, 330 Fell Street, Suite 200, San Francisco, California 94102:

The Sub-Advisor is controlled by Morgan Paxhia and Emily Paxhia, each of whom owns 50% of the voting interests in the Sub-Advisor.

 

AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF and AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF –

ThinkBetter, LLC, 1924 South Osprey Avenue, Suite 202, Sarasota, Florida 34239:

ThinkBetter, LLC is owned by ThinkBetter Holdings, LLC, which is owned by senior management of ThinkBetter, LLC.

 

69

 

 

AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF –

Ranger Alternative Management, L.P., 1845 Woodall Rodgers Fwy, Suite 1050, Dallas, Texas 75201:

[Ranger Alternative Management (GP), LLC (the “General Partner) serves as the general partner of Ranger Alternative Management, LP (“Ranger Alternatives”). Ranger Alternatives has two limited partners: Sand Dollar Beach, LLC and Ranger Capital Group Holdings, LP. Sand Dollar Beach, LLC has two members: John Del Vecchio and Brad Lamensdorf, and one additional economic participant (David Tice). Ranger Capital Group has two limited partners that qualify as control persons of Ranger Capital Group: Jason C. Elliot and K. Scott Canon.

 

The Sub-Advisor is controlled by its General Partner. The General Partner is controlled by Ranger Capital Group Holdings, LP, which serves as its managing member.]

 

AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF –

CreativeOne Wealth, LLC, 11460 Tomahawk Creek Parkway, Suite 200, Leawood, Kansas 66211:

CreativeOne Wealth was founded in 2015 and is a registered investment adviser. The primary owners of CreativeOne Wealth are CM2 Holding Company, Inc., See Also, LLC, and JRC Equity Partners, LLC.

 

CM2 Holding Company, Inc is deemed to have control of CreativeOne Wealth due to its ownership in CreativeOne Wealth and its right to vote 25% or more of that entities voting securities.

 

Michael H Miller is deemed to have control of CreativeOne Wealth due to his position as President and CEO of Creative One Marketing Corporation (CreativeOne Wealth’s affiliate) and as supervisor of James P. Rankin and Martin J. Pfannenstiel.

 

Martin J. Pfannenstiel is deemed to have control based upon his role as President Sales and Business Development of CreativeOne Wealth.

 

James P. Rankin is deemed to have control based upon his role as Chief Compliance Officer of CreativeOne Wealth.

 

Kenneth R. Hyman may be deemed to have control of CreativeOne Wealth as its Senior Vice President Business Development.

 

Michael Richard Tripses may be deemed to have indirect control of CreativeOne Wealth due to his ownership in CM2 Holding Company of 25% or more.

 

Lance Sparks may be deemed to have indirect control of CreativeOne Wealth due to his ownership in CM2 Holding Company and See Also of 25% or more.

 

Mark Volney Heitz may be deemed to have indirect control of CreativeOne Wealth due to his ownership in CM2 Holding Company of 25% or more.

 

70

 

 

Portfolio Managers [TO BE CONFIRMED]

 

This section includes information about each Fund’s portfolio managers, including information about other accounts they manage, the dollar range of Fund shares they own, and how they are compensated. The tables reflecting the dollar range of each portfolio manager’s “beneficial ownership” of shares of the Fund they sub-advise use dollar amount ranges established by the SEC. “Beneficial ownership” is determined in accordance with Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the Exchange Act.

 

Fund Portfolio Manager(s)
AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF Wayne Ferbert
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF John G. Lewis
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF John G. Lewis
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF John G. Lewis
AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF Ross Gerber
AdvisorShares Hotel ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF

David L. Albrycht

Benjamin Caron

AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF

Brian Allen

Bryan Johanson

Jack White

Andrew Faderewski

AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF

Emily Paxhia

Morgan Paxhia

Tyler Greif

AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF Ron Piccinini
AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF Ron Piccinini
AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF

John Del Vecchio

Brad H. Lamensdorf

AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF Dan S. Ahrens
AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF

Kenneth R. Hyman

Jason Scott

AdvisorShares Vice ETF Dan S. Ahrens

 

71

 

 

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC – AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF, AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF, AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, AdvisorShares Hotel ETF, AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF, AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF, AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF and AdvisorShares Vice ETF

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation. The portfolio manager is compensated by the Advisor and does not receive any compensation directly from the Fund. The Advisor pays the portfolio manager a base salary plus discretionary bonuses based on company performance.

 

Fund Shares Owned by Portfolio Manager.

 

Portfolio Manager Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF* Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF* Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US
Core ETF*
Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF* Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF* Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares
Hotel ETF*
Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered
Momentum ETF*
Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF* Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF* Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF* Dollar Range of Shares Owned in AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF*
Dan S. Ahrens [None] [None] [None] [None] [None]

[$1 - $10,000]

[None] [None] [$10,001 - $50,000] [$10,001 - $50,000] [$1 - $10,000]

 

Portfolio Manager

Dollar Range of Shares

Owned in AdvisorShares Vice ETF*

Dan S. Ahrens [$10,001 - $50,000]

 

* Information provided as of June 30, 2022.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Manager. As of June 30, 2022, the portfolio manager was not responsible for the day-to-day management of any accounts other than the Funds for which he serves as portfolio manager.

 

Name

Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in billions)
Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
Dan S. Ahrens [11] $[1.5] [0] $[0] [0] $[0]

 

72

 

 

Alpha DNA Investment Management, LLC – AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation. The portfolio manager is compensated by the Sub-Advisor and does not receive any compensation directly from the Fund or the Advisor. The Sub-Advisor pays the portfolio manager out of the profits of the firm, if any.

 

Fund Shares Owned by Portfolio Manager.

 

Portfolio Manager

Dollar Range of Shares

Owned in the Fund*

Wayne Ferbert [$1 - $10,000]

 

* Information provided as of June 30, 2022.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Manager. As of June 30, 2022, the portfolio manager was responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts as follows:

 

Total number of other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below and the total assets in the accounts managed within each category below.

Name Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles

Other Accounts

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Wayne Ferbert [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]

 

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CreativeOne Wealth, LLC – AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation. The portfolio managers are compensated by the Sub-Advisor and do not receive any compensation from the Fund or the Advisor. Mr. Hyman and Mr. Scott receive an annual salary, firm benefits, and a bonus based on employee performance and firm revenue. Compensation is not based on Fund performance or the value of the assets held in the Fund’s portfolio.

 

Fund Shares Owned by Portfolio Managers.

 

Portfolio Manager

Dollar Range of Shares

Owned in the Fund*

Kenneth R. Hyman [$100,001 - $500,000]
Jason Scott [None]

 

* Information provided as of June 30, 2022.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers. As of June 30, 2022, the portfolio managers were responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts as follows:

 

Total number of other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below and the total assets in the accounts managed within each category below.

Name

Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
Kenneth R. Hyman [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Jason Scott 0 $0 0 $0 74 $20.44

 

For other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below, number of accounts and the total assets in the accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account.

Name

Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Kenneth R. Hyman [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Jason Scott [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]

 

74

 

 

CSM Advisors, LLC – AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation. The portfolio managers are compensated by the Sub-Advisor and do not receive any compensation directly from the Fund or the Advisor. The Sub-Advisor pays its portfolio managers out of the profits of the firm, if any.

 

Fund Shares Owned by Portfolio Managers.

 

Portfolio Manager Dollar Range of Shares Owned In AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF*
Brian Allen [None]
Bryan Johanson [None]
Jack White [None]
Andrew Faderewski [None]

 

* Information provided as of June 30, 2022.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers*. As of June 30, 2022, the portfolio managers were responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts as follows:

 

Total number of other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below and the total assets in the accounts managed within each category below.

Name Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles

Other Accounts

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Brian Allen [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Bryan Johanson [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Jack White [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Andrew Faderewski [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]

 

For other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below, number of accounts and the total assets in the accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account.

Name

Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Number of
Accounts
Total Assets Number of
Accounts
Total Assets Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
Brian Allen [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Bryan Johanson [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Jack White [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Andrew Faderewski [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]

 

* AUM includes all assets managed by CSM Advisors, LLC and its affiliate NSI Retail Advisors, LLC as both entities share the same portfolio managers.

 

75

 

 

Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC – AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF and AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation. The portfolio manager is compensated by the Sub-Advisor and does not receive any compensation directly from the Funds or the Advisor. The Sub-Advisor pays the portfolio manager a salary plus a discretionary bonus, which is based on the performance of the portfolio manager, Sub-Advisor and its parent company.

 

Fund Shares Owned by Portfolio Manager.

 

Portfolio Manager

Dollar Range of Shares
Owned In AdvisorShares

Dorsey Wright ADR ETF*

Dollar Range of Shares
Owned In AdvisorShares
Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF*
Dollar Range of Shares
Owned In AdvisorShares
Dorsey Wright Short ETF*
John G. Lewis $[100,001 - $500,000] $[100,001 - $500,000] [None]

 

* Information provided as of June 30, 2022.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Manager. As of June 30, 2022, the portfolio manager was responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts as follows:

 

Total number of other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below and the total assets in the accounts managed within each category below.

Name Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles

Other Accounts

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

John G. Lewis [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]

 

76

 

 

Gerber Kawasaki, Inc. – AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation. The portfolio manager is compensated by the Sub-Advisor and does not receive any compensation directly from the Fund or the Advisor. The Sub-Advisor pays the portfolio manager a salary plus a discretionary bonus. The discretionary bonus is based on accomplishments of the team and enterprise objectives. Since the portfolio manager is also a principal of the Sub- Advisor, he receives partnership distributions in addition to his salary and discretionary bonus. The portfolio manager is also compensated with a percentage of the amount of assets under management and/or clients under his direct management for financial planning and investment management services rendered.

 

Fund Shares Owned by Portfolio Manager.

 

Portfolio Manager

Dollar Range of Shares

Owned in the Fund*

Ross Gerber [None]

 

* Information provided as of June 30, 2022.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Manager. As of June 30, 2022, the portfolio manager was responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts as follows:

 

Name

Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
Ross Gerber [0] $[0] [0] $[0] [284] $[190]

 

77

 

 

Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC dba Newfleet Asset Management – AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation. The portfolio managers are compensated by the Sub-Advisor and do not receive any compensation directly from the Fund or the Advisor. Virtus Investment Partners, Inc. and certain of its affiliated investment management firms, including VFIA (collectively, “Virtus”), believe that the firm’s compensation program is adequate and competitive to attract and retain high-caliber investment professionals. Investment professionals at Virtus receive a competitive base salary, an incentive bonus opportunity and a benefits package. Certain professionals who supervise and manage others also participate in a management incentive program reflecting their personal contribution and team performance. Certain key individuals also have the opportunity to take advantage of a long-term incentive compensation program, including potential awards of Virtus restricted stock units (“Virtus RSUs”) with multi-year vesting, subject to Virtus board of directors’ approval.

 

The following is a more detailed description of Virtus’ compensation structure.

 

Base Salary. Each portfolio manager is paid a fixed base salary, which is designed to be competitive in light of the individual’s experience and responsibilities. Base salary is determined using compensation survey results of investment industry compensation conducted by an independent third-party in evaluating competitive market compensation for its investment management professionals.

 

Incentive Bonus. Annual incentive payments are based on targeted compensation levels, adjusted based on profitability, investment performance factors and a subjective assessment of contribution to the team effort. The short-term incentive payment is generally paid in cash, but a portion may be made in Virtus RSUs. Individual payments are assessed using comparisons of actual investment performance with specific peer group or index measures. Performance of the Fund managed is generally measured over one, three- and five year periods and an individual manager’s participation is based on the performance of each Fund/account managed.

 

While portfolio manager compensation contains a performance component, this component is adjusted to reward investment personnel for managing within the stated framework and for not taking unnecessary risk. This approach ensures that investment management personnel remain focused on managing and acquiring securities that correspond to the Fund’s mandate and risk profile and are discouraged from taking on more risk and unnecessary exposure to chase performance for personal gain. Virtus believes it has appropriate controls in place to handle any potential conflicts that may result from a substantial portion of portfolio manager compensation being tied to performance.

 

Other Benefits. Portfolio managers are also eligible to participate in broad-based plans offered generally to employees of Virtus and its affiliates, including 401(k), health and other employee benefit plans.

 

Fund Shares Owned by Portfolio Managers.

 

Portfolio Manager

Dollar Range of Shares

Owned in the Fund*

David L. Albrycht [None]
Benjamin Caron $[10,001 - $50,000]

 

* Information provided as of June 30, 2022.

 

78

 

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers. As of June 30, 2022, the portfolio managers were responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts as follows:

 

Total number of other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below and the total assets in the accounts managed within each category below.

Name Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

David L. Albrycht [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Benjamin Caron [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]

 

For other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below, number of accounts and the total assets in the accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account.

Name

Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
David L. Albrycht [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Benjamin Caron [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]

 

Poseidon Investment Management, LLC – AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation. Each Portfolio Manager is compensated by the Sub-Advisor and does not receive any compensation directly from the Fund. Each Portfolio Manager is compensated through his or her ownership of the Sub-Advisor.

 

79

 

 

Fund Shares Owned by Portfolio Managers.

 

Portfolio Manager

Dollar Range of Shares

Owned in the Fund*

Emily Paxhia [None]
Morgan Paxhia [None]
Tyler Greif [None]

 

* Information provided as of June 30, 2022.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers. As of June 30, 2022, each Portfolio Manager was responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts as follows:

 

Name

Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
Emily Paxhia [0] $[0] [3] $[176] [7] $[16]
Morgan Paxhia [0] $[0] [3] $[176] [7] $[16]
Tyler Greif [0] $[0] [0] $[0] [0] $[0]

 

Ranger Alternative Management, LP – AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF

 

80

 

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation. The portfolio managers are compensated by the Sub-Advisor and do not receive any compensation directly from the Fund or the Advisor. The portfolio managers are equity participants of the Sub-Advisor and therefore receive distributions based on the Sub-Advisor’s profitability. Other than with respect to the distributions of profitability they receive pursuant to their equity participation in the Sub-Advisor, the portfolio managers do not receive a salary, bonus or other types of remuneration from the Sub-Advisor.

 

Fund Shares Owned by Portfolio Managers.

 

Portfolio Manager

Dollar Range of Shares

Owned in the Fund*

John Del Vecchio $[1 - $10,000]
Brad H. Lamensdorf [None]

 

* Information provided as of June 30, 2022.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers. As of June 30, 2022, the portfolio managers were responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts as follows:

 

Total number of other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below and the total assets in the accounts managed within each category below.

Name

Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
John Del Vecchio [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Brad H. Lamensdorf [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]

 

For other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below, number of accounts and the total assets in the accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account.
Name Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles

Other Accounts

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

John Del Vecchio [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]
Brad H. Lamensdorf [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]

 

ThinkBetter, LLC – AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF and AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF

 

81

 

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation. The portfolio manager is compensated by the Sub-Advisor and does not receive any compensation directly from the Funds. The Sub-Advisor pays the portfolio manager a salary and, as a shareholder in the Sub-Advisor’s parent company, the portfolio manager also receives his respective share of any net distributions made from revenues.

 

Fund Shares Owned by Portfolio Manager.

 

Portfolio Manager

Dollar Range of Shares

Owned in the AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF*

Dollar Range of Shares

Owned in the AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF*

Ron Piccinini $[50,001 - $100,000] [  ]

 

* Information provided as of June 30, 2022.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Manager. As of June 30, 2022, the portfolio manager was responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts as follows:

 

Total number of other accounts managed by Portfolio Manager(s) within each category below and the total assets in the accounts managed within each category below.

Name

Registered Investment Companies Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Number of
Accounts

Total Assets

(in millions)

Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
Number of
Accounts
Total Assets
(in millions)
Ron Piccinini [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ] [  ] $[  ]

 

82

 

 

Conflicts of Interest

 

The portfolio managers’ management of “other accounts” may give rise to potential conflicts of interest in connection with their management of the Funds’ investments, on the one hand, and the investments of the other accounts, on the other. The other accounts may have the same investment objective as the Fund they manage. Therefore, a potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the identical investment objectives, whereby the portfolio managers could favor one account over another. Another potential conflict could include the portfolio managers’ knowledge about the size, timing and possible market impact of Fund trades, whereby a portfolio manager could use this information to the advantage of other accounts and to the disadvantage of the Fund they manage. The portfolio managers, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisors, and related parties may engage in a broad spectrum of activities. In the ordinary course of their business activities, the portfolio managers, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisors, and those related parties may engage in activities where the interests of certain divisions of the Advisor or Sub-Advisors and their related parties or the interests of their clients may conflict with the interests of the shareholders of a Fund. However, the Advisor and each Sub-Advisor has established policies and procedures to ensure that the purchase and sale of securities among all accounts the Advisor or Sub-advisor manages are fairly and equitably allocated. Further, the Advisor’s or Sub-Advisor’s authority to select and substitute Underlying ETFs, if applicable, from a variety of affiliated and unaffiliated ETFs may create a conflict of interest because the Advisor or Sub-Advisor may receive fees from the affiliated funds.

 

Administration, Custody and Transfer Agency SERVICES

 

The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNYM” or the “Administrator”) serves as administrator, custodian and transfer agent for the Funds. BNYM’s principal address is 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286. Under the Trust’s Administration and Accounting Agreement with BNYM, the Administrator provides necessary administrative and accounting services for the maintenance and operations of the Trust and the Funds. In addition, the Administrator makes available the office space, equipment, personnel and facilities required to provide such services. In consideration for its administrative services, the Administrator is entitled to a fee, which is calculated daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate of 0.025% on the first $1 billion on the gross adjusted assets of each Fund and 0.02% on the gross adjusted assets of each Fund exceeding $1 billion.

 

Under the Trust’s Custodian Agreement with BNYM, BNYM maintains in separate accounts cash, securities and other assets of the Funds, keeps all necessary accounts and records, and provides other services. BNYM is required, upon the order of the Trust, to deliver securities held by it and to make payments for securities purchased by the Funds.

 

Pursuant to the Trust’s Transfer Agency and Service Agreement with BNYM, BNYM acts as a transfer agent for the Funds’ authorized and issued shares of beneficial interest, and as dividend disbursing agent of the Funds.

 

83

 

 

The following table shows the fees paid to the Administrator by each Fund for each of the indicated periods:

 

Fund

Fund
Inception
Date
Fiscal Year Ended
June 30,
2022
Fiscal Year Ended
June 30,
2021
Fiscal Year Ended
June 30,
2020
AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF 2/2/2021 $[  ] $2,331 *
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF

12/26/2019

$[  ] $30,127 $7,160
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF

12/26/2019

$[  ] $45,557 $6,816
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core  ETF

12/26/2019

$[  ] $31,490 $6,822
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF 7/20/2010 $[  ] $69,062 $88,229
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF 7/10/2018 $[  ] $60,972 $45,445
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF 7/10/2018 $[  ] $63,708 $47,058
AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF 4/27/2022 $[  ] * *
AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF 9/20/2016 $[  ] $65,334 $85,391
AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF 7/01/2021 $[  ] * *
AdvisorShares Hotel ETF 4/20/2021 $[  ] $6 *
AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF 1/4/2011 $[  ] $66,146 $86,656
AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF 2/8/2022 $[  ] * *
AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF 3/19/2013 $[  ] $66,748 $87,121
AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF 1/14/2012 $[  ] $67,420 $87,842
AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF 11/17/2021 $[  ] * *
AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF 9/15/2021 $[  ] * *
AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF 4/17/2019 $[  ] $53,278 $30,386
AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF 9/1/2020 $[  ] $59,240 *
AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF 12/28/2020 $[  ] $8,136 *
AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF 12/28/2020 $[  ] $7,587 *
AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF 1/26/2011 $[  ] $69,995 $91,940
AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF 4/20/2021 $[  ] $6 *
AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF 9/17/2012 $[  ] $65,036 $85,226
AdvisorShares Vice ETF 12/12/2017 $[  ] $64,974 $66,398

 

* Not in operation for the period indicated.

 

84

 

 

Distribution SERVICES

 

Distributor. Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) serves as the principal underwriter and distributor of shares of the Funds. The principal address of the Distributor is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101. The Distributor has entered into an agreement with the Trust pursuant to which it distributes shares of the Funds (the “Distribution Agreement”). The Distributor continually distributes shares of the Funds on a best effort basis. The Distributor has no obligation to sell any specific quantity of Fund shares. The Distribution Agreement will continue for two years from its effective date and is renewable annually. Shares are continuously offered for sale by the Funds through the Distributor only in Creation Units, as described in each Fund’s Prospectus and this SAI. Shares amounting to less than a Creation Unit are not distributed by the Distributor. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Exchange Act and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”). The Distributor, its affiliates and officers have no role in determining the investment policies or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Funds. The Distributor is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, any Sub-Advisor, or any stock exchange.

 

The Distribution Agreement for the Funds provides that it may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on at least 60 days’ prior written notice to the other party (i) by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, or (ii) by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Funds. The Distribution Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its “assignment”, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act.

 

Distribution Plan. The Funds have adopted a distribution plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (the “Distribution Plan”). Under the Distribution Plan, the Distributor, or designated service providers, may receive up to 0.25% of each Fund’s assets attributable to shares as compensation for distribution services. Distribution services may include, but are not limited to, (i) services in connection with distribution assistance, or (ii) payments to financial institutions and other financial intermediaries, such as broker-dealers, mutual fund “supermarkets” and the Distributor’s affiliates and subsidiaries, as compensation for services or reimbursement of expenses incurred in connection with distribution assistance.

 

No distribution fees are currently charged to the Funds; there are no plans to impose distribution fees, and no distribution fees will be charged for at least a year from the date of this SAI. However, in the event that distribution fees are charged in the future, because the Funds will pay these fees out of assets on an ongoing basis, over time distribution fees may cost you more than other types of sales charges and will increase the cost of your investment in a Fund.

 

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries. The Advisor and Sub-Advisors (the “Advisor Entities”) may pay certain broker-dealers, banks and other financial intermediaries (“Intermediaries”) for certain activities related to the Funds and other series of the Trust. The Advisor Entities make these payments from their own assets and not from the assets of the Funds. Although a portion of the Advisor Entities’ revenue comes directly or indirectly in part from fees paid by the Funds and other series of the Trust, these payments do not increase the price paid by investors for the purchase of shares of, or the cost of owning, the Funds or other series of the Trust. The Advisor Entities make payments for Intermediaries’ participation in activities that are designed to make registered representatives, other professionals and individual investors more knowledgeable about exchange-traded products, including the Funds, or for other activities, such as participation in marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, the development of technology platforms and reporting systems (“Education Costs”). The Advisor Entities also make payments to Intermediaries for certain printing, publishing and mailing costs associated with the Funds or materials relating to ETPs in general (“Publishing Costs”). In addition, the Advisor Entities make payments to Intermediaries that make shares of the Funds and certain other series of the Trust available to their clients, develop new products that feature the Advisor or otherwise promote the Funds and other series of the Trust. The Advisor Entities may also reimburse expenses or make payments from their own assets to Intermediaries or other persons in consideration of services or other activities that the Advisor Entities believe may benefit their business or facilitate investment in the Funds or other series of the Trust. Payments of the type described above are sometimes referred to as revenue-sharing payments.

 

85

 

 

Payments to an Intermediary may be significant to the Intermediary, and amounts that Intermediaries pay to your salesperson or other investment professional may also be significant for your salesperson or other investment professional. Because an Intermediary may make decisions about which investment options it will recommend or make available to its clients or what services to provide for various products based on payments it receives or is eligible to receive, such payments may create conflicts of interest between the Intermediary and its clients and these financial incentives may cause the Intermediary to recommend the Funds and other series of the Trust over other investments. The same conflict of interest and financial incentive exist with respect to your salesperson or other investment professional if he or she receives similar payments from his or her Intermediary firm.

 

The Advisor Entities may determine to make such payments based on any number of metrics. For example, the Advisor Entities may make payments at year-end or other intervals in a fixed amount, an amount based upon an Intermediary’s services at defined levels or an amount based on the Intermediary’s net sales of one or more series of the Trust in a year or other period, any of which arrangements may include an agreed-upon minimum or maximum payment, or any combination of the foregoing. As of the date of this SAI, the Advisor anticipates that the payments paid by the Advisor Entities in connection with the Funds and other series of the Trust will be immaterial to the Advisor Entities in the aggregate for the next year. Please contact your salesperson or other investment professional for more information regarding any such payments his or her Intermediary firm may receive. Any payments made by the Advisor Entities to an Intermediary may create the incentive for an Intermediary to encourage customers to buy shares of the Funds and/or other series of the Trust.

 

Securities Lending

 

The dollar amounts of income and fees and compensation paid related to the securities lending activities of each Fund (except [AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF and AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF]) during the most recent fiscal year were as follows:

 

  AdvisorShares
Alpha DNA Equity
Sentiment ETF
AdvisorShares
Dorsey Wright Alpha
Equal Weight ETF

AdvisorShares
Dorsey Wright FSM
All Cap World ETF

AdvisorShares
Dorsey Wright FSM
US Core ETF
Gross income from securities lending activities

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Fees and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services
Fees paid to securities lending agent from revenue split

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split

-

- - -
Administrative fees not included in revenue split

-

- - -
Indemnification fee not included in revenue split

-

- - -
Rebate (paid to borrower) $[  ] $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Rebate (due from borrower) $[  ] $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Other fees not included in revenue split (specify)

-

- - -
Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Net income from securities lending activities

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ] $[  ]

 

86

 

 

  AdvisorShares
Dorsey Wright
ADR ETF
AdvisorShares
Dorsey Wright
Micro-Cap ETF
AdvisorShares
Drone Technology
ETF
Gross income from securities lending activities $[  ] $[  ]

$[  ]

Fees and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services      
Fees paid to securities lending agent from revenue split $[  ] $[  ]

$[  ]

Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split - -

-

Administrative fees not included in revenue split - -

-

Indemnification fee not included in revenue split - -

-

Rebate (paid to borrower) $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Rebate (due from borrower) $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Other fees not included in revenue split (specify) - -

-

Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities $[  ] $[  ]

$[  ]

Net income from securities lending activities $[  ] $[  ]

$[  ]

 

  AdvisorShares
Focused Equity ETF
AdvisorShares
Gerber Kawasaki ETF
AdvisorShares
Hotel ETF
AdvisorShares
Insider Advantage ETF
Gross income from securities lending activities $[ ]

$[ ]

$[ ]

$[ ]

Fees and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services        
Fees paid to securities lending agent from revenue split $[ ]

$[ ]

$[ ]

$[ ]

Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split -

-

-

-

Administrative fees not included in revenue split -

-

-

-

Indemnification fee not included in revenue split -

-

-

-

Rebate (paid to borrower) $[ ] $[ ] $[ ] $[ ]
Rebate (due from borrower) $[ ] $[ ] $[ ] $[ ]
Other fees not included in revenue split (specify) -

-

-

-

Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities $[ ]

$[ ]

$[ ]

$[ ]

Net income from securities lending activities $[ ]

$[ ]

$[ ]

$[ ]

 

87

 

 

  AdvisorShares
Let Bob AI Powered
Momentum ETF
AdvisorShares
Newfleet Multi-Sector
Income ETF
AdvisorShares
North Square McKee
Core Reserves ETF
Gross income from securities lending activities

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ]
Fees and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services      
Fees paid to securities lending agent from revenue split

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ]
Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split

-

- -
Administrative fees not included in revenue split

-

- -
Indemnification fee not included in revenue split

-

- -
Rebate (paid to borrower) $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Rebate (due from borrower) $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Other fees not included in revenue split (specify)

-

- -
Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ]
Net income from securities lending activities

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ]

 

  AdvisorShares
Poseidon Dynamic
Cannabis ETF
AdvisorShares
Psychedelics
ETF
AdvisorShares
Pure Cannabis
ETF
AdvisorShares
Pure US Cannabis
ETF
Gross income from securities lending activities

$[  ]

$[  ]

$[  ] $ [  ]
Fees and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services        
Fees paid to securities lending agent from revenue split

$[  ]

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ]
Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split

-

-

- -
Administrative fees not included in revenue split

-

-

- -
Indemnification fee not included in revenue split

-

-

- -
Rebate (paid to borrower) $[  ] $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Rebate (due from borrower) $[  ] $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Other fees not included in revenue split (specify)

-

-

- -
Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities

$[  ]

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ]
Net income from securities lending activities

$[  ]

$[  ]

$[  ] $[  ]

 

88

 

 

  AdvisorShares
Q Dynamic Growth
ETF
AdvisorShares
Q Portfolio Blended
Allocation ETF
AdvisorShares
Restaurant
ETF
AdvisorShares
STAR Global
Buy-Write ETF
Gross income from securities lending activities $[  ] $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Fees and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services      
Fees paid to securities lending agent from revenue split $[  ] $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split - - - -
Administrative fees not included in revenue split - - - -
Indemnification fee not included in revenue split - - - -
Rebate (paid to borrower) $[  ] $[  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Rebate (due from borrower) $[  ] $ [  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Other fees not included in revenue split (specify) - - - -
Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities $[  ] $ [  ] $[  ] $[  ]
Net income from securities lending activities $[  ] $ [  ] $[  ] $[  ]

 

  AdvisorShares
Vice ETF
Gross income from securities lending activities $[  ]
Fees and/or compensation for securities lending activities and related services
Fees paid to securities lending agent from revenue split $[  ]
Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split -
Administrative fees not included in revenue split -
Indemnification fee not included in revenue split -
Rebate (paid to borrower) $[  ]
Rebate (due from borrower) $[  ]
Other fees not included in revenue split (specify) -
Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities $[  ]
Net income from securities lending activities $[  ]

 

The Funds participate in a securities lending program offered by BNYM (the “Program”) that provides for the lending of securities to qualified brokers. Securities lending income includes earnings of such temporary cash investments, plus or minus any rebate to a borrower. These earnings (after any rebate) are then divided between BNYM, as a fee for its services under the Program, and the Funds, according to agreed-upon rates. Collateral on all securities loaned is accepted in cash and is maintained at a minimum level of 102% (105% in the case of certain foreign securities) of the market value, plus interest, if applicable, of investments on loan. It is the Fund’s policy to obtain additional collateral from or return excess collateral to the borrower by the end of the next business day, following the valuation date of the securities loaned. Therefore, the value of the collateral held may be temporarily less than the value of the securities on loan. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to the Funds if and to the extent that the market value of the securities loaned were to increase and the borrower did not increase the collateral accordingly, and the borrower fails to return the securities. Under the terms of the Program, the Funds are indemnified for such losses by BNYM. Cash collateral is held in a separate account managed by BNYM, who is authorized to exclusively enter into overnight repurchase agreements, which are collateralized at 102% with securities issued or fully guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury; U.S. Government or any agency, instrumentality or authority of the U.S. Government. The securities purchased with cash collateral received are reflected in the Schedule of Investments. BNYM bears the risk of any deficiency in the amount of the cash collateral available for return to the borrower due to any loss on the collateral invested.

 

89

 

 

BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM

 

The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in each Fund’s Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information.”

 

Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) acts as securities depository for a Fund’s shares. Shares of each Fund are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC.

 

DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants (the “DTC Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities’ certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the NYSE and FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (the “Indirect Participants”).

 

Beneficial ownership of shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of shares.

 

Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the shares of a Fund held by each DTC Participant. The Trust shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participants a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.

 

Share distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all shares. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall credit immediately DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in shares of a Fund as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.

 

The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests, or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.

 

DTC may decide to discontinue providing its service with respect to shares at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions at a comparable cost. The DTC Participants’ rules and policies are made publicly available through its website at www.dtcc.com.

 

90

 

 

PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS

 

The Funds whose principal consideration is cash are collectively referred to in this section as “Cash Funds.”

 

Fund Principal Consideration
AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF Cash
AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Hotel ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Insider Advantage ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF Cash
AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF Cash
AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF Cash
AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF In-Kind
AdvisorShares Vice ETF In-Kind

 

91

 

 

Purchase (Creation)

 

The Trust issues and sells shares of a Fund only in Creation Units on a continuous basis through the Distributor, at their NAV next determined after receipt, on any Business Day (as defined below), of an order received in proper form.

 

A “Business Day” with respect to a Fund is any day on which the applicable Exchange is open for business. As of the date of this SAI, each Exchange observes the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, President’s Day (Washington’s Birthday), Good Friday, Memorial Day (observed), Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.

 

Fund Deposit. The consideration for purchase of a Creation Unit of each Fund (except for the Cash Funds) generally consists of an in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities – the “Deposit Securities” – per each Creation Unit constituting a substantial replication, or a representation, of the securities included in the Fund’s portfolio and an amount of cash – the Cash Component – computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component constitute the “Fund Deposit,” which represents the minimum initial and subsequent investment amount for a Creation Unit of the Fund. The Cash Component is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares (per Creation Unit) and the market value of the Deposit Securities. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the market value of the Deposit Securities), the Cash Component shall be such positive amount. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the market value of the Deposit Securities), the Cash Component shall be such negative amount and the creator will be entitled to receive cash from the Fund in an amount equal to the Cash Component. The Cash Component serves the function of compensating for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the market value of the Deposit Securities.

 

The Administrator, through the National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”) (discussed below), makes available on each Business Day, immediately prior to the opening of business on the applicable Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern Time), the list of the names and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security to be included in the current Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for each Fund (except the Cash Funds). Such Fund Deposit is applicable, subject to any adjustments as described below, in order to effect creations of Creation Units of a Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities is made available.

 

The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities required for a Fund Deposit for each Fund (except for the Cash Funds) changes as rebalancing adjustments and corporate action events are reflected from time to time by the Advisor or Sub-Advisor, as applicable, with a view to the investment objective of the Fund. In addition, the Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of an amount of cash – i.e., a “cash in lieu” amount – to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security which may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or which may not be eligible for transfer through the Clearing Process (discussed below), or which may not be eligible for trading by an Authorized Participant (as defined below) or the investor for which it is acting. The Trust also reserves the right to offer an “all cash” option for creations of Creation Units for the Funds.

 

In addition to the list of names and numbers of securities constituting the current Deposit Securities of a Fund Deposit, the Administrator, through the NSCC, also makes available on each Business Day, the estimated Cash Component, effective through and including the previous Business Day, per outstanding Creation Unit of the Fund.

 

92

 

 

Cash Purchase. Unlike each of the other Funds, Creation Units of the Cash Funds are sold only for cash (“Cash Purchase Amount”). Creation Units are sold at the NAV per share next computed, plus a transaction fee, as described below. The Trust reserves the right to offer an in-kind option for creations of Creation Unit for the Cash Funds.

 

Procedures for Purchase of Creation Units. To be eligible to place orders to create a Creation Unit of a Fund, an entity must be (i) a “Participating Party,” i.e., a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (the “Clearing Process”), a clearing agency that is registered with the SEC, or (ii) a DTC Participant (see “Book-Entry Only System”) and, in each case, must have executed an agreement with the Trust, the Distributor and the Administrator with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units (“Participant Agreement”) (discussed below). A Participating Party and DTC Participant are collectively referred to as an “Authorized Participant.” Investors should contact the Distributor for the names of Authorized Participants that have signed a Participant Agreement with the Funds. All shares of the Funds, however created, will be entered on the records of DTC in the name of Cede & Co. for the account of a DTC Participant.

 

All orders to create Creation Units, whether through the Clearing Process (through a Participating Party) or outside the Clearing Process (through a DTC Participant), must be received by the Funds’ transfer agent no later than the close of the regular trading session on the applicable Exchange (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) (“Closing Time”) or for the AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF, AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF, AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF, AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF, AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF, AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF, AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF, and AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF, 3:00 p.m., Eastern Time, an hour earlier than Closing Time, in each case on the date such order is placed in order for the creation of Creation Units to be effected based on the NAV of shares of the Fund as next determined on such date after receipt of the order in proper form. The date on which an order to create Creation Units (or an order to redeem Creation Units as discussed below) is placed is referred to as the “Transmittal Date.” Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Funds’ transfer agent pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, as described below (see “Placement of Creation Orders Using Clearing Process” and “Placement of Creation Orders Outside Clearing Process”). Severe economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure, may impede the ability to reach the Funds’ transfer agent or an Authorized Participant.

 

Orders to create Creation Units of a Fund shall be placed with an Authorized Participant, as applicable, in the form required by such Authorized Participant. In addition, the Authorized Participant may request the investor to make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to the order, i.e., to provide for payments of cash, when required. Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement and, therefore, orders to create Creation Units of a Fund have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. At any given time, there may be only a limited number of broker-dealers that have executed a Participant Agreement. Those placing orders for Creation Units through the Clearing Process should afford sufficient time to permit proper submission of the order to the Distributor prior to the Closing Time, or 3:00 p.m., or 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, as applicable, on the Transmittal Date.

 

93

 

 

Orders for creation that are effected outside the Clearing Process are likely to require transmittal by the DTC Participant earlier on the Transmittal Date than orders effected using the Clearing Process. Those persons placing orders outside the Clearing Process, including those placing order for Creation Units of the Cash Funds, all purchases of which will be effected through a transfer of cash directly through DTC, should ascertain the deadlines applicable to DTC and the Federal Reserve Bank wire system by contacting the operations department of the broker or depository institution effecting such transfer of Deposit Securities and Cash Component or the Cash Purchase Amount, in the case of the Cash Funds.

 

Placement of Creation Orders Using the Clearing Process (For All Funds Except the Cash Funds). The Clearing Process is the process of creating or redeeming Creation Units through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC. Fund Deposits made through the Clearing Process must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed a Participant Agreement. The Participant Agreement authorizes the Funds’ transfer agent to transmit to NSCC, on behalf of the Participating Party, such trade instructions as are necessary to effect the Participating Party’s creation order. Pursuant to such trade instructions to NSCC, the Participating Party agrees to deliver the requisite Deposit Securities and the Cash Component to the Trust, together with such additional information as may be required by the Distributor. An order to create Creation Units through the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Closing Time or 3:00 p.m. or 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, as applicable, on such Transmittal Date and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed.

 

Placement of Creation Orders Outside the Clearing Process (For All Funds Except the Cash Funds). Fund Deposits made outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement with the Trust, the Distributor and the Administrator. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order creating Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process need not be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that the creation of Creation Units will instead be effected through a transfer of securities and cash directly through DTC. A Fund Deposit transfer must be ordered by the DTC Participant on the Transmittal Date in a timely fashion so as to ensure the delivery of the requisite number of Deposit Securities through DTC to the account of the Trust by no later than 11:00 a.m., Eastern Time, of the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date. All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities to be delivered and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding. The cash equal to the Cash Component must be transferred directly to the Administrator through the Federal Reserve wire system in a timely manner so as to be received by the Administrator no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the next Business Day immediately following such Transmittal Date. An order to create Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received not later than the Closing Time or 3:00 p.m. or 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, as applicable, on such Transmittal Date and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. However, if the Administrator does not receive both the requisite Deposit Securities and the Cash Component by 11:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m., respectively, on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date, such order will be cancelled. Upon written notice to the Funds’ transfer agent, such cancelled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using a Fund Deposit as newly constituted to reflect the then current NAV of the particular Fund. The delivery of Creation Units of the Fund so created will occur no later than the third (3rd) Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received.

 

94

 

 

Creation Units may be created in advance of receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities as described below. In these circumstances, the initial deposit will have a value greater than the NAV of the shares on the date the order is placed in proper form since in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of the Cash Component plus 115% of the market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the “Additional Cash Deposit”). The order shall be deemed to be received on the Business Day on which the order is placed provided that the order is placed in proper form prior to Closing Time or 3:00 p.m. or 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, as applicable, on such date and federal funds in the appropriate amount are deposited with the Administrator by 11:00 a.m., Eastern Time, the following Business Day. If the order is not placed in proper form by Closing Time or 3:00 p.m. or 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, as applicable, or federal funds in the appropriate amount are not received by 11:00 a.m. the next Business Day, then the order may be deemed to be rejected and the investor shall be liable to the Trust for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with the Trust, pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities to the extent necessary to maintain the Additional Cash Deposit with the Trust in an amount at least equal to 115% of the daily marked to market value of the missing Deposit Securities. To the extent that missing Deposit Securities are not received by 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received or in the event a mark to market payment is not made within one Business Day following notification that such a payment is required, the Trust may use the cash on deposit to purchase the missing Deposit Securities. Authorized Participants will be liable to the Trust for the costs incurred by the Trust in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the day the purchase order was deemed received plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The Trust will return any unused portion of the Additional Cash Deposit once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly received by the Administrator or purchased by the Trust and deposited into the Trust. In addition, a transaction fee will be charged in all cases. The delivery of Creation Units of a Fund so created will occur no later than the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received.

 

Acceptance of Orders for Creation Units. The Trust reserves the right to reject a creation order transmitted to it in respect of a Fund if (a) the order is not in proper form, (b) the investor(s), upon obtaining the shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of the Fund, (c) the Deposit Securities or deposit of the Cash Purchase Amount as delivered by the Authorized Participant are not as disseminated through the facilities of the NSCC for that date by the Custodian, (d) the acceptance of the Deposit Securities or Cash Purchase Amount would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful, (e) the acceptance or receipt of the order for a Creation Unit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful, or (f) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Trust, the Distributor, the Custodian, the Transfer Agent and/or the Advisor make it for all practical purposes impossible to process creation orders. Examples of such circumstances include acts of God or public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Trust, the Advisor, the Distributor, the Custodian, the Transfer Agent, DTC, NSCC or any other participant in the creation process, and similar extraordinary events. A Fund or its designee shall notify a prospective creator of a Creation Unit and/or the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of the creator of a Creation Unit of its rejection of the order of such person. The Trust, the Administrator, the Distributor, the Custodian and the Transfer Agent are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund Deposits or Cash Purchase Amounts nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification. The Trust, the Administrator, the Distributor, the Custodian and the Transfer Agent shall not be liable for the rejection of any purchase order for Creation Units.

 

All questions as to the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered shall be determined by the Trust, and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.

 

95

 

 

Creation Transaction Fee. To compensate the Trust for transfer and other transaction costs involved in creation transactions through the Clearing Process, investors will be required to pay a minimum creation transaction fee, assessed per transaction, as follows:

 

Fund Creation Transaction Fee*
ALL FUNDS $500

 

*To the extent a Creation Unit consists of more than 100 securities, an additional Creation Transaction Fee may be charged to Authorized Participants to the next highest $500 increment at the following rates: (i) $5 per book-entry security settled via the NSCC’s CNS and (ii) $15 per security for “in-kind” settlements settled outside the NSCC, and all physical settlements, including options, futures and other derivatives.

 

Each Fund, subject to approval by the Board, may adjust the fee from time to time based upon actual experience. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary in addition to an Authorized Participant to effect a creation of a Creation Unit may be charged a fee for such services.

 

Redemption

 

Shares may be redeemed only in Creation Units at their NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form by the Fund through the Administrator and only on a Business Day. The Trust will not redeem shares in amounts less than Creation Units. Beneficial Owners must accumulate enough shares in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such shares redeemed by the Trust. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. Investors should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number of shares to constitute a redeemable Creation Unit.

 

With respect to the Funds, the Administrator, through the NSCC, makes available immediately prior to the opening of business on the applicable Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern Time) on each Business Day, the Fund Securities that will be applicable (subject to possible amendment or correction) to redemption requests received in proper form (as defined below) on that day. Fund Securities received on redemption may not be identical to Deposit Securities which are applicable to creations of Creation Units.

 

Cash Redemption Amount. For all Funds except the Cash Funds, unless cash redemptions are available or specified for the Fund, the redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit generally consist of Fund Securities – as announced by the Administrator on the Business Day of the request for redemption received in proper form – plus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares being redeemed, as next determined after receipt of a request in proper form, and the value of the Fund Securities (the “Cash Redemption Amount”), less a redemption transaction fee described below in the section entitled “Redemption Transaction Fee.” In the event that the Fund Securities have a value greater than the NAV of the shares, a compensating cash payment equal to the differential is required to be made by or through an Authorized Participant by the redeeming shareholder.

 

The redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit of the Cash Funds, will consist solely of cash in an amount equal to the NAV of the shares being redeemed, as next determined after receipt of a request in proper form less a redemption transaction fee described below in the section entitled “Redemption Transaction Fee.” The Trust reserves the right to offer an in-kind option for redemptions of Creation Units for the Cash Funds.

 

96

 

 

Placement of Redemption Orders Using Clearing Process. Orders to redeem Creation Units through the Clearing Process must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed the Participant Agreement. An order to redeem Creation Units using the Clearing Process is deemed received on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Administrator not later than Closing Time or 3:00 p.m. or 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, as applicable, on such Transmittal Date and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed; such order will be effected based on the NAV of the Fund as next determined. An order to redeem Creation Units using the Clearing Process made in proper form but received by a Fund after Closing Time or 3:00 p.m. or 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, as applicable, will be deemed received on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date and will be effected at the NAV next determined on such Business Day. The requisite Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount will be transferred by the third (3rd) NSCC Business Day following the date on which such request for redemption is deemed received.

 

Placement of Redemption Orders Outside Clearing Process. Orders to redeem Creation Units outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed the Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order for redemption of Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process need not be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that redemption of Creation Units will instead be effected through transfer of shares directly through DTC. An order to redeem Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Administrator on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Administrator not later than Closing Time or 3:00 p.m. or 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, as applicable, on such Transmittal Date, (ii) such order is accompanied or proceeded by the requisite number of shares of a Fund and/or the Cash Redemption Amount specified in such order, which delivery must be made through DTC to the Administrator no later than 11:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m., respectively, Eastern Time, on the next Business Day following such Transmittal Date (the “DTC Cut-Off-Time”), and (iii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed.

 

After the Administrator has deemed an order for redemption outside the Clearing Process received, the Administrator will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities, which are expected to be delivered within three Business Days, and/or the Cash Redemption Amount to the Authorized Participant, on behalf of the redeeming Beneficial Owner, by the third Business Day following the Transmittal Date on which such redemption order is deemed received by the Administrator.

 

The calculation of the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered upon redemption will be made by the Administrator according to the procedures set forth under “Determination of Net Asset Value” computed on the Business Day on which a redemption order is deemed received by the Administrator. Therefore, if a redemption order in proper form is submitted to the Administrator by a DTC Participant not later than the Closing Time or 3:00 p.m. or 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, as applicable, on the Transmittal Date, and the requisite number of shares of a Fund are delivered to the custodian prior to the DTC Cut-Off-Time, then the value of the Fund Securities and/or the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered will be determined by the Administrator on such Transmittal Date. If, however, a redemption order is submitted to the Administrator by a DTC Participant not later than the Closing Time or 3:00 p.m. or 1:00 p.m., Eastern Time, as applicable, on the Transmittal Date, but either (1) the requisite number of shares of a Fund are not delivered by the DTC Cut-Off-Time as described above on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date or (2) the redemption order is not submitted in proper form, then the redemption order will not be deemed received as of the Transmittal Date. In such case, the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered will be computed on the Business Day that such order is deemed received by the Administrator, i.e., the Business Day on which the shares of the Fund are delivered through DTC to the Administrator by the DTC Cut-Off-Time on such Business Day pursuant to a properly submitted redemption order.

 

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If it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund Securities, the Trust may in its discretion exercise its option to redeem such shares in cash, and the redeeming Beneficial Owner will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an investor may request a redemption in cash which the Fund may, in its sole discretion, permit. In either case, the investor will receive a cash payment equal to the NAV of its shares based on the NAV of shares of the Fund next determined after the redemption request is received in proper form (minus a redemption transaction fee and additional charge for requested cash redemptions specified above, to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of Fund Securities). A Fund may also, in its sole discretion, upon request of a shareholder, provide such redeemer a portfolio of securities which differs from the exact composition of the Fund Securities but does not differ in NAV.

 

Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws and the Fund (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that a Fund could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant or an investor for which it is acting subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular stock included in the Fund Securities applicable to the redemption of a Creation Unit may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. The Authorized Participant may request the redeeming Beneficial Owner of the shares to complete an order form or to enter into agreements with respect to such matters as compensating cash payment, beneficial ownership of shares or delivery instructions.

 

The right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed with respect to the Fund (1) for any period during which the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings), (2) for any period during which trading on the NYSE is suspended or restricted, (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of the shares of the Fund or determination of the shares’ NAV is not reasonably practicable, or (4) in such other circumstance as is permitted by the SEC.

 

Redemption Transaction Fee. To compensate the Trust for transfer and other transaction costs involved in redemption transactions through the Clearing Process, investors will be required to pay a minimum redemption transaction fee, assessed per transaction as follows:

 

Fund Redemption Transaction Fee*
ALL FUNDS $500

 

*To the extent a Creation Unit consists of more than 100 securities, an additional Redemption Transaction Fee may be charged to Authorized Participants to the next highest $500 increment at the following rates: (i) $5 per book-entry security settled via the NSCC’s CNS and (ii) $15 per security for “in-kind” settlements settled outside the NSCC, and all physical settlements, including options, futures and other derivatives.

 

Each Fund, subject to approval by the Board, may adjust the fee from time to time based upon actual experience. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary in addition to an Authorized Participant to effect a redemption of a Creation Unit may be charged a fee for such services.

 

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DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

 

The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in each Fund’s Prospectus entitled “Calculating Net Asset Value.”

 

The NAV per share of a Fund is computed by dividing the value of the net assets of the Fund (i.e., the value of its total assets less total liabilities) by the total number of shares of the Fund outstanding, rounded to the nearest cent. Expenses and fees, including without limitation, the management, administration and distribution fees, are accrued daily and taken into account for purposes of determining NAV per share. The NAV per share for the Fund is calculated by the Administrator and determined as of the regularly scheduled close of normal trading on the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) on each day that the NYSE is open.

 

In computing each Fund’s NAV, the Fund’s portfolio holdings are valued based on their last readily available market price. Price information on listed portfolio holdings, including ETFs in which the Fund invests, is taken from the exchange where the security is primarily traded. Other portfolio holdings and assets for which market quotations are not readily available or determined to not represent the current fair value are valued based on fair value as determined in good faith by the Fund’s Advisor or Sub-Advisor, as applicable, in accordance with procedures adopted by the Board.

 

DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS, AND TAXES

 

Dividends and Distributions

 

The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectuses entitled “Shareholder Information.”

 

General Policies. Dividends from net investment income, if any, are declared and paid at least annually by the Funds. Distributions of net capital gains (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses), if any, generally are also declared and paid once a year. A Fund may make distributions on a more frequent basis in order to comply with the distribution requirements of the Internal Revenue Code, in all events in a manner consistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act.

 

Dividends and other distributions on shares are distributed, as described below, on a pro rata basis to Beneficial Owners of such shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners then of record with proceeds received from a Fund.

 

The Funds may make additional distributions to the extent necessary (i) to distribute all ordinary taxable income of a Fund, plus any net capital gains, and (ii) to avoid imposition of the excise tax imposed by Section 4982 of the Internal Revenue Code. Management of the Trust reserves the right to declare special dividends for a Fund if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of the Fund as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.

 

Dividend Reinvestment Service. No reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by Beneficial Owners of the Funds for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial Owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require Beneficial Owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of the applicable Fund purchased in the secondary market.

 

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Federal Income Taxes

 

The following is a summary of certain additional U.S. federal income tax considerations generally affecting the Funds and their shareholders that supplements the summaries in the Prospectuses. No attempt is made to present a comprehensive explanation of the federal, state, local or foreign tax treatment of a Fund or its shareholders, and the discussion here and in the Prospectuses is not intended to be a substitute for careful tax planning.

 

The following general discussion of certain federal income tax consequences is based on provisions of the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations issued thereunder as in effect on the date of this SAI. New legislation, as well as administrative changes or court decisions, may significantly change the conclusions expressed herein, and may have a retroactive effect with respect to the matters addressed herein.

 

Shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of the provisions of tax law described in this SAI in light of the particular tax situations of the shareholders and regarding specific questions as to federal, state, or local taxes.

 

Regulated Investment Company (RIC) Status

 

Each Fund intends to qualify for and has elected or will elect treatment as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code. Provided that for each tax year a Fund: (i) meets the requirements to be treated as a RIC (as discussed below), and (ii) distributes at least an amount equal to the sum of 90% of the Fund’s net investment income for such year (including, for this purpose, the excess of net realized short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income (the “Distribution Requirement”), the Fund itself will not be subject to federal income taxes to the extent the Fund’s net investment income and the Fund’s net realized capital gains, if any, are timely distributed to the Fund’s shareholders.

 

One of several requirements for RIC qualification is that the Fund must receive at least 90% of the Fund’s gross income each year from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities, foreign currencies and net income from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (the “90% Test”). A second requirement for qualification as a RIC is that the Fund must diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year: (a) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities, with these other securities limited, in respect to any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets or 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of its total assets are invested, including through corporations in which the Fund owns a 20% or more voting stock interest, in the securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of any one issuer, the securities (other than securities of other RICs) of two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (the “Asset Test”).

 

If a Fund fails to satisfy the 90% Test or the Asset Test, the Fund may be eligible for relief provisions if the failures are due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect and if a penalty tax is paid with respect to each failure to satisfy the applicable requirements. Additionally, relief is provided for certain de minimis failures of the Asset Test. In order to qualify for relief provisions for a failure to meet the Asset Test, the Fund may be required to dispose of certain assets. If a Fund fails to qualify for treatment as a RIC for any year, and the relief provisions are not available, all of its taxable income will be subject to federal income tax at the regular corporate rate without any deduction for distributions to shareholders. In such case, its shareholders would be taxed as if they received ordinary dividends, although the dividends could be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders and the dividends may be eligible for the lower tax rates available to non-corporate shareholders on qualified dividend income. To re-qualify for treatment as a RIC in a subsequent taxable year, a Fund would be required to satisfy the RIC qualification requirements for that year and to distribute any earnings and profits from any year in which the Fund failed to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC. If a Fund failed to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two taxable years, it would generally be required to pay a Fund-level tax on certain net built-in gains recognized with respect to certain of its assets upon a disposition of such assets within five years of qualifying as a RIC in a subsequent year. The Board reserves the right not to maintain the qualification of a Fund for treatment as a RIC if it determines such course of action to be beneficial to shareholders. If a Fund determines that it will not qualify for treatment as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code, the Fund will establish procedures to reflect the anticipated tax liability in the Fund’s NAV.

 

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A Fund may elect to treat part or all of any “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in determining the Fund’s taxable income, net capital gain, net short-term capital gain, and earnings and profits. A “qualified late year loss” may include a net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, or certain other late-year losses.

 

The treatment of capital loss carryovers for the Funds is similar to the rules that apply to capital loss carryovers of individuals, which provide that such losses are carried over indefinitely. Thus, if a Fund has a “net capital loss” (that is, capital losses in excess of capital gains) the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital losses over its net long-term capital gains is treated as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year, and the excess (if any) of the Fund’s net long-term capital losses over its net short-term capital gains is treated as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year. In addition, the carryover of capital losses may be limited under the general loss limitation rules if a Fund experiences an ownership change as defined in the Internal Revenue Code.

 

Notwithstanding the Distribution Requirement described above, which generally requires a Fund to distribute at least 90% of its annual investment company taxable income and the excess of its exempt interest income (but does not require any minimum distribution of net capital gain), each Fund will generally be subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax to the extent it fails to distribute by the end of any calendar year at least the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for the year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income (the excess of short- and long-term capital gains over short- and long-term capital losses) for the one-year period ending on October 31 of that year (including any retained amount from the prior calendar year on which a Fund paid no federal income tax). Each Fund intends to make sufficient distributions, or deemed distributions, to avoid imposition of the excise tax, but can make no assurances that all such tax liability will be eliminated. The Funds may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate Fund investments in order to make sufficient distributions to avoid federal excise tax liability at a time when the investment advisor might not otherwise have chosen to do so, and liquidation of investments in such circumstances may affect the ability of the Funds to satisfy the requirement for qualification as a RIC.

 

Fund Distributions

 

Each Fund receives income generally in the form of dividends and interest on investments. This income, plus net short-term capital gains, if any, less expenses incurred in the operation of a Fund, constitutes the Fund’s net investment income from which dividends may be paid to you. Each Fund intends to distribute substantially all its net investment income and net realized capital gains to shareholders, at least annually. Any distributions by a Fund from such income will be taxable to you as ordinary income or at the lower capital gains rates that apply to individuals receiving qualified dividend income, whether you take them in cash or in additional shares.

 

Distributions by a Fund are currently eligible for the reduced maximum tax rate to individuals of 20% (lower rates apply to individuals in lower tax brackets) to the extent that a Fund receives qualified dividend income on the securities it holds and a Fund reports the distributions as qualified dividend income. Qualified dividend income is, in general, dividend income from taxable domestic corporations and certain foreign corporations (e.g., foreign corporations incorporated in a possession of the United States or in certain countries with a comprehensive tax treaty with the United States, or the stock of which is readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States). A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income to the extent that: (i) the shareholder has not held the shares on which the dividend was paid for more than 60 days during the 121-day period that begins on the date that is 60 days before the date on which the shares become “ex-dividend” (which is the day on which declared distributions (dividends or capital gains) are deducted from a Fund’s assets before it calculates the net asset value) with respect to such dividend, (ii) a Fund has not satisfied similar holding period requirements with respect to the securities it holds that paid the dividends distributed to the shareholder), (iii) the shareholder is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to substantially similar or related property, or (iv) the shareholder elects to treat such dividend as investment income under section 163(d)(4)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code. Therefore, if you lend your shares in a Fund, such as pursuant to a securities lending arrangement, you may lose the ability to treat dividends (paid while the shares are held by the borrower) as qualified dividend income. Distributions that a Fund receives from an ETP, an underlying fund taxable as a RIC or from a REIT will be treated as qualified dividend income only to the extent so reported by such ETP, underlying fund or REIT. Certain of the Funds’ investment strategies may limit their ability to report distributions as qualified dividend income.

 

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Distributions by a Fund of its net short-term capital gains will be taxable as ordinary income. Capital gain distributions consisting of a Fund’s net capital gains will be taxable as long-term capital gains for individual shareholders currently set at a maximum rate of 20% regardless of how long you have held your shares in the Fund.

 

In the case of corporate shareholders, a Fund’s distributions (other than capital gain distributions) generally qualify for the dividends received deduction to the extent such distributions are so reported and do not exceed the gross amount of qualifying dividends received by a Fund for the year. Generally, and subject to certain limitations (including certain holding period limitations), a dividend will be treated as a qualifying dividend if it has been received from a domestic corporation. Certain of the Funds’ investment strategies may limit their ability to report distributions as eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.

 

Each Fund’s shareholders will be notified annually by the Fund (or by their broker) as to the federal tax status of all distributions made by the Fund. Distributions may be subject to state and local taxes.

 

Shareholders who have not held Fund shares for a full year should be aware that a Fund may report and distribute, as ordinary dividends or capital gain dividends, a percentage of income that is not equal to the percentage of the Fund’s ordinary income or net capital gain, respectively, actually earned during the period of investment in the Fund.

 

A Fund’s participation in loans of securities may affect the amount, timing, and character of distributions to Fund shareholders. To the extent that a Fund makes a distribution of income received by such Fund in lieu of dividends (a “substitute payment”) with respect to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction, such income will not constitute qualified dividend income to individual shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.

 

If a Fund’s distributions for a taxable year exceed its current and accumulated earnings and profits, all or a portion of the distributions made for the taxable year may be re-characterized as a return of capital to shareholders. A return of capital distribution will generally not be taxable, but will reduce each shareholder’s cost basis in the applicable Fund’s shares and generally result in a higher reported capital gain or lower reported capital loss when those shares on which the distribution was received are sold. After a shareholder’s basis in a Fund’s shares has been reduced to zero, distributions by that Fund in excess of earnings and profits will be treated as gain from the sale of the shareholder’s shares.

 

A dividend or distribution received shortly after the purchase of shares reduces the net asset value of the shares by the amount of the dividend or distribution and, although in effect a return of capital, will be taxable to the shareholder. If the net asset value of shares were reduced below the shareholder’s cost by dividends or distributions representing gains realized on sales of securities, such dividends or distributions would be a return of investment though taxable to the shareholder in the same manner as other dividends or distributions.

 

Dividends declared to shareholders of record in October, November or December and actually paid in January of the following year will be treated as having been received by shareholders on December 31 of the calendar year in which declared. Under this rule, therefore, a shareholder may be taxed in one year on dividends or distributions actually received in January of the following year.

 

Shareholders will be notified annually by a Fund (or by your broker) as to the federal tax status of all distributions made by the Fund. Distributions may be subject to state and local taxes.

 

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Medicare Tax

 

U.S. individuals with adjusted gross income exceeding certain thresholds ($250,000 if married filing jointly or if considered a “surviving spouse” for federal income tax purposes, $125,000 if married filing separately, and $200,000 in other cases) are subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” including interest, dividends, and capital gains (including capital gains realized on the sale or exchange of shares and capital gain distributions). This 3.8% tax also applies to all or a portion of the undistributed net investment income of certain shareholders that are estates and trusts.

 

Net Investment Income Tax

 

U.S. individuals with adjusted gross income (subject to certain adjustments) exceeding certain threshold amounts ($250,000 if married filing jointly or if considered a “surviving spouse” for federal income tax purposes, $125,000 if married filing separately, and $200,000 in other cases) are subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” which includes taxable interest, dividends, and certain capital gains (generally including capital gain distributions and capital gains realized on the sale of Shares of a Fund). This 3.8% tax also applies to all or a portion of the undistributed net investment income of certain shareholders that are estates and trusts.

 

Sale, Exchange or Redemption of Shares

 

Sales, exchanges, and redemptions of Fund shares are generally taxable transactions for federal income tax purposes. In general, if you hold your shares as a capital asset, gain or loss realized will be capital in nature and will be classified as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months and otherwise will be treated as a short-term capital gain or loss.

 

All or a portion of any loss realized upon the sale or redemption of Fund shares will be disallowed to the extent that substantially identical shares in a Fund are purchased (through reinvestment of dividends or otherwise) within 30 days before or after the sale or redemption. Any loss disallowed under these rules will be added to the tax basis in the newly purchased shares. In addition, any loss realized by a shareholder on the disposition of shares held for six months or less is treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as distributions of long-term capital gains to the shareholder with respect to such shares (including any amounts credited to the shareholder as undistributed capital gains).

 

Cost Basis Reporting

 

The cost basis of shares acquired by purchase will generally be based on the amount paid for the shares and then may be subsequently adjusted for other applicable transactions as required by the Internal Revenue Code. The difference between the selling price and the cost basis of shares generally determines the amount of the capital gain or loss realized on the sale or exchange of shares. Contact the broker through whom you purchased your shares to obtain information with respect to the available cost basis reporting methods and elections for your account.

 

Foreign Taxes

 

A Fund may be subject to foreign withholding taxes on income it may earn from investing in foreign securities. Any such taxes may reduce the return on such investments. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes in some cases. A Fund’s investments in certain foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate a Fund’s recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of a Fund’s distributions.

 

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If more than 50% of the value of a Fund’s total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of stock or securities of foreign corporations, then the Fund will be eligible to and intends to file an election with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) that may enable shareholders, in effect, to receive either the benefit of a foreign tax credit, or a deduction from such taxes, with respect to any foreign and U.S. possessions income taxes paid by the Fund, subject to certain limitations. Pursuant to this election, a Fund will treat those taxes as dividends paid to its shareholders. Each such shareholder will be required to include a proportionate share of those taxes in gross income as income received from a foreign source and must treat the amount so included as if the shareholder had paid the foreign tax directly. The shareholder may then either deduct the taxes deemed paid by him or her in computing his or her taxable income or, alternatively, use the foregoing information in calculating any foreign tax credit they may be entitled to use against the shareholders’ federal income tax. No deductions for foreign taxes paid by a Fund may be claimed, however, by non-corporate shareholders who do not itemize deductions. No deduction for such taxes will be permitted to individuals in computing their alternative minimum tax liability. If a Fund makes the election, the Fund (or your broker) will report annually to its shareholders the respective amounts per share of the Fund’s income from sources within, and taxes paid to, foreign countries and U.S. possessions.

 

A shareholder’s ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by a Fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code, which may result in a shareholder not receiving a full credit or deduction (if any) for the amount of such taxes. In particular, shareholders must hold their Fund shares (without protection from risk of loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 additional days during the 30-day period surrounding the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim a foreign tax credit with respect to a given dividend. Shareholders who do not itemize on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but no deduction) for such foreign taxes. Even if a Fund were eligible to make such an election for a given year, it may determine not to do so. Shareholders that are not subject to U.S. federal income tax, and those who invest in a Fund through tax-advantaged accounts (including those who invest through IRAs or other tax-advantaged retirement plans), generally will receive no benefit from any tax credit or deduction passed through by the Fund.

 

Foreign tax credits, if any, received by the Fund as a result of an investment in another RIC (including an ETP or underlying fund which is taxable as a RIC) will not be passed through to you unless the Fund qualifies as a “qualified fund of funds” under the Internal Revenue Code. If the Fund is a “qualified fund of funds” it will be eligible to file an election with the IRS that will enable the Fund to pass along these foreign tax credits to its shareholders. The Fund will be treated as a “qualified fund of funds” under the Internal Revenue Code if at least 50% of the value of such Fund’s total assets (at the close of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year) is represented by interests in other RICs.

 

To the extent the Fund invests in an underlying fund (including an ETP) that indicates that such underlying fund intends to satisfy the tax requirements to be treated as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code, the Fund may be able to receive the benefits of a “qualified fund of funds” as described above. If, however, an underlying fund loses its status as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code, the Fund would no longer be permitted to count its investment in such underlying fund for purposes of satisfying the requirements to be a “qualified fund of funds.” In addition, an underlying fund that loses its status as a RIC would be treated as a regular corporation subject to entity level taxation prior to making any distributions to the Fund which would affect the amount, timing and character of such income distributed by an underlying fund to the Fund.

 

Under certain circumstances, if the Fund receives a refund of foreign taxes paid in respect of a prior year, the value of Fund shares could be affected or any foreign tax credits or deductions passed through to shareholders in respect of the Fund’s foreign taxes for the current year could be reduced.

 

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Investment in Certain ETPs and Certain Direct Fund Investments

 

Certain Funds may invest in ETPs that are taxable as RICs under the Internal Revenue Code. Any income a Fund receives from such ETPs should be qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Test. Certain Funds may also invest in one or more ETPs that are not taxable as RICs under the Internal Revenue Code and that may generate non-qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Test. Similarly, a Fund may make certain direct investments that may produce non-qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Test. Each Fund’s Sub-Advisor and Advisor anticipate monitoring investments that may produce non-qualifying income to ensure that the Fund satisfies the 90% Test. Nevertheless, non-qualifying income of a Fund may be more than anticipated, a Fund may be unable to generate qualifying income at levels sufficient to ensure it satisfies the 90% Test, or a Fund might not be able to determine the percentage of qualifying income it derives for a taxable year until after year-end. In any such case, a Fund could fail the 90% Test and, if the relief provisions discussed above are unavailable, fail to qualify as a RIC.

 

Certain Funds may invest in ETPs that are structured in a manner that causes income, gains, losses, credits and deductions of the ETPs to be taken into account for U.S. federal income tax purposes by those Funds whether or not any distributions are made from the ETPs to those Funds. Thus, a Fund may be required to take into account income or gains in a taxable year without receiving any cash and may have to sell assets to distribute such income or gains. Those sales will generally result in additional taxable gain or loss and may occur at a time when a Fund’s Sub-Advisor or Advisor would not otherwise have chosen to sell such securities.

 

Complex Securities

 

The Funds and certain of the ETPs in which certain Funds invest may invest in complex securities such as equity options, index options, repurchase agreements, foreign currency contracts, hedges and swaps, transactions treated as straddles for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and futures contracts. These investments may be subject to numerous special and complex tax rules. These rules could affect a Fund’s (and certain ETPs’) ability to qualify as a RIC, affect whether gains and losses recognized by a Fund or ETPs are treated as ordinary income or long-term or short-term capital gain, accelerate the recognition of income to a Fund or ETPs and/or defer a Fund’s or ETPs’ ability to recognize losses. In turn, those rules may affect the amount, timing or character of the income distributed by a Fund. These provisions also may require a Fund or ETP to mark to market certain types of positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) which may cause the Fund or ETP to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the Distribution Requirement and for avoiding excise taxes. Accordingly, in order to avoid certain income and excise taxes, a Fund or an ETP may be required to liquidate its investments at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so. Each Fund intends to monitor its transactions, intends to make appropriate tax elections, and intends to make appropriate entries in its books and records in order to mitigate the effect of these rules and preserve its eligibility for treatment as a RIC. Certain derivative investment by the Funds, such as ETPs and over-the-counter derivatives may not produce qualifying income for purposes of the “90% Test” described above, which must be met in order for a Fund to maintain its status as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code. In addition, the determination of the value and the identity of the issuer of such derivative investments are often unclear for purposes of the “Asset Test” described above. The Funds intend to carefully monitor such investments to ensure that any non-qualifying income does not exceed permissible limits and to ensure that they are adequately diversified under the Asset Test. The Funds, however, may not be able to accurately predict the non-qualifying income from these investments and there are no assurances that the IRS will agree with the Funds’ determination of the “Asset Test” with respect to such derivatives. Failure of the Asset Test might also result from a determination by the IRS that financial instruments in which a Fund invests are not securities.

 

105

 

 

With respect to any investments in STRIPS, Treasury Receipts, other zero coupon, payment-in-kind, and similar securities which are sold at original issue discount and thus do not make periodic cash interest payments, a Fund or an ETP will generally be required to include as part of its current income the imputed interest on such obligations even though the Fund or ETP has not received any interest payments on such obligations during that period. Because each Fund intends to distribute all of its net investment income to its shareholders, a Fund may have to sell Fund securities to distribute such imputed income which may occur at a time when the Advisor would not have chosen to sell such securities and which may result in taxable gain or loss and may affect the amount and timing of distributions from the Fund.

 

Any market discount recognized on a bond is taxable as ordinary income. A market discount bond is a bond acquired in the secondary market at a price below redemption value or adjusted issue price if issued with original issue discount. Absent an election by a Fund to include the market discount in income as it accrues, gain on a Fund’s disposition of such an obligation will be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain to the extent of the accrued market discount.

 

Under recently issued final Treasury Regulations, a RIC that receives business interest income may pass through its net business interest income for purposes of the tax rules applicable to the interest expense limitations under Section 163(j) of the Internal Revenue Code. A RIC’s total “Section 163(j) Interest Dividend” for a tax year is limited to the excess of the RIC’s business interest income over the sum of its business interest expense and its other deductions properly allocable to its business interest income. A RIC may, in its discretion, designate all or a portion of ordinary dividends as Section 163(j) Interest Dividends, which would allow the recipient shareholder to treat the designated portion of such dividends as interest income for purposes of determining such shareholder’s interest expense deduction limitation under Section 163(j). This can potentially increase the amount of a shareholder’s interest expense deductible under Section 163(j). In general, to be eligible to treat a Section 163(j) Interest Dividend as interest income, you must have held your shares in a Fund for more than 180 days during the 361-day period beginning on the date that is 180 days before the date on which the share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend. Section 163(j) Interest Dividends, if so designated by the Fund, will be reported to your financial intermediary or otherwise in accordance with the requirements specified by the IRS.

 

The Funds and certain ETPs may be required for federal income tax purposes to mark-to-market and recognize as income and loss for each taxable year their net unrealized gains and losses on certain futures contracts and options subject to section 1256 of the Internal Revenue Code (“Section 1256 Contracts”) as of the end of the year as well as those actually realized during the year. Options on “broad based” securities indices are classified as “non-equity options” under the Internal Revenue Code. Gains and losses from Section 1256 Contracts on broad-based indexes required to be marked to market will be 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss (hereinafter, “blended gain or loss”). In addition, any non-equity option and futures contract held by a Fund on the last day of a fiscal year will be treated as sold for market value on that date, and gain or loss recognized as a result of such deemed sale will be blended gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and character of distributions to shareholders. A Fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on Section 1256 Contracts to the extent of any unrecognized gains on offsetting positions held by the Fund. These provisions may also require the Funds to mark-to-market certain types of positions in their portfolios (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out), which may cause a Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the Distribution Requirement and for avoiding the excise tax discussed above. Accordingly, in order to avoid certain income and excise taxes, a Fund may be required to liquidate as investments at a time when the investment advisor might not otherwise have chosen to do so.

 

106

 

 

Offsetting positions held by a Fund involving certain derivative instruments, such as options, forwards, and futures, as well as its long and short positions in portfolio securities, may be considered to constitute “straddles” for federal income tax purposes. In general, straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the amount, character and timing of a Fund’s gains and losses with respect to the straddle positions by requiring, among other things, that: (1) any loss realized on disposition of one position of a straddle may not be recognized to the extent that the Fund has unrealized gains with respect to the other positions in straddle; (2) the Fund’s holding period in straddle positions be suspended while the straddle exists (possibly resulting in a gain being treated as short-term rather than long-term capital gain and potentially affecting the ability of a dividend received by a taxpayer to qualify for treatment as qualified dividend income or be eligible for the dividends received deduction); (3) the losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that are part of a mixed straddle and are non-Section 1256 Contracts be treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital loss; (4) losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that would otherwise constitute short-term capital losses be treated as long-term capital losses; and (5) the deduction of interest and carrying charges attributable to certain straddle positions may be deferred. Various elections are available to the Funds, which may mitigate the effects of the straddle rules, particularly with respect to mixed straddles.

 

In general, the straddle rules described above do not apply to any straddles held by a Fund if all of the offsetting positions consist of Section 1256 Contracts. The straddle rules described above also do not apply if all the offsetting positions making up a straddle consist of one or more “qualified covered call options” and the stock to be purchased under the options and the straddle is not part of a larger straddle. A qualified covered call option is generally any option granted by a Fund to purchase stock it holds (or stock it acquires in connection with granting the option) if, among other things, (1) the option is traded on a national securities exchange that is registered with the SEC or other market the IRS determined has rules adequate to carry out the purposes of the applicable Code provision, (2) the option is granted more than 30 days before it expires, (3) the option is not a “deep-in-the-money option,” (4) such option is not granted by an options dealer in connection with the dealer’s activity of dealing in options, and (5) gain or loss with respect to the option is not ordinary income or loss. In addition, the straddle rules could cause distributions from a Fund that would otherwise constitute “qualified dividend income” or qualify for the dividends received deduction to fail to satisfy the applicable holding period requirements.

 

107

 

 

To the extent a Fund writes options that are not Section 1256 Contracts, the amount of the premium received by the Fund for writing such options is likely to be entirely short-term capital gain to the Fund. In addition, if such an option is closed by a Fund, any gain or loss realized by the Fund as a result of closing the transaction will also generally be short-term capital gain or loss. If such an option is exercised any gain or loss realized by a Fund upon the sale of the underlying security pursuant to such exercise will generally be short-term or long-term capital gain or loss to the Fund depending on the Fund’s holding period for the underlying security.

 

If a Fund enters into a “constructive sale” of any appreciated financial position in its portfolio, the Fund will be treated as if it had sold and immediately repurchased the property and must recognize gain (but not loss) with respect to that position. A constructive sale of an appreciated financial position occurs when the Fund enters into certain offsetting transactions with respect to the same or substantially identical property, including, but not limited to: (i) a short sale; (ii) an offsetting notional principal contract; (iii) a futures or forward contract; or (iv) other transactions identified in future Treasury Regulations. The character of the gain from constructive sales will depend upon a Fund’s holding period in the appreciated financial position. Losses realized from a sale of a position that was previously the subject of a constructive sale will be recognized when the position is subsequently disposed of. The character of such losses will depend upon a Fund’s holding period in the position beginning with the date the constructive sale was deemed to have occurred and the application of various loss deferral provisions in the Internal Revenue Code. Constructive sale treatment does not apply to certain closed transactions, including if such a transaction is closed on or before the 30th day after the close of a Fund’s taxable year and the Fund holds the appreciated financial position unhedged throughout the 60-day period beginning with the day such transaction was closed.

 

In general, gain or loss on a short sale is recognized when a Fund closes the sale by delivering the borrowed property to the lender, not when the borrowed property is sold. Gain or loss from a short sale by a Fund is generally considered as capital gain or loss to the extent that the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Fund’s hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used by a Fund to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date of the short sale, the gains on short sales are generally treated as short-term capital gains. These rules may also affect the holding period of “substantially identical property” held by a Fund. Moreover, a Fund’s loss on a short sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, “substantially identical property” has been held by a Fund for more than one year. In general, a Fund will not be permitted to deduct payments made to reimburse the lender of securities for dividends paid on borrowed stock if the short sale is closed on or before the 45th day after the short sale is entered into.

 

A Fund may invest in REITs. Investments in REIT equity securities may require a Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, a Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. A Fund’s investments in REIT equity securities may at other times result in a Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings; if a Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to such Fund’s shareholders for federal income tax purposes. Dividends paid by a REIT, other than capital gain distributions, will be taxable as ordinary income up to the amount of the REIT’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. Capital gain dividends paid by a REIT to a Fund will be treated as long-term capital gains by the Fund and, in turn, may be distributed by the Fund to its shareholders as a capital gain distribution. Dividends received by a Fund from a REIT generally will not constitute qualified dividend income or qualify for the dividends received deduction. If a REIT is operated in a manner such that it fails to qualify as a REIT, an investment in the REIT would become subject to double taxation, meaning the taxable income of the REIT would be subject to federal income tax at the regular corporate rate without any deduction for dividends paid to shareholders and the dividends would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income (or possibly as qualified dividend income) to the extent of the REIT’s current and accumulated earnings and profits.

 

108

 

 

REITs in which a Fund invests often do not provide complete and final tax information to the Funds until after the time that the Funds issue a tax reporting statement. As a result, a Fund may at times find it necessary to reclassify the amount and character of its distributions to you after it issues your tax reporting statement. When such reclassification is necessary, a Fund (or its administrative agent) will send you a corrected, final Form 1099-DIV to reflect the reclassified information. If you receive a corrected Form 1099-DIV, use the information on this corrected form, and not the information on the previously issued tax reporting statement, in completing your tax returns.

 

“Qualified REIT dividends” (i.e., ordinary REIT dividends other than capital gain dividends and portions of REIT dividends designated as qualified dividend income eligible for capital gain tax rates) are eligible for a 20% deduction by non-corporate taxpayers. This deduction, if allowed in full, equates to a maximum effective tax rate of 29.6% (37% top rate applied to income after 20% deduction). Distributions by a Fund to its shareholders that are attributable to qualified REIT dividends received by such Fund and which such Fund properly reports as “section 199A dividends,” are treated as “qualified REIT dividends” in the hands of non-corporate shareholders. A section 199A dividend is treated as a qualified REIT dividend only if the shareholder receiving such dividend holds the dividend-paying RIC shares for at least 46 days of the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the shares become ex-dividend, and is not under an obligation to make related payments with respect to a position in substantially similar or related property. A Fund is permitted to report such part of its dividends as section 199A dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so.

 

The U.S. Treasury Department has authority to issue regulations that would exclude foreign currency gains from the 90% Test described above if such gains are not directly related to a Fund’s business of investing in stock or securities (or options and futures with respect to stock or securities). Accordingly, regulations may be issued in the future that could treat some or all of a Fund’s non-U.S. currency gains as non-qualifying income, thereby potentially jeopardizing the Fund’s status as a RIC for all years to which the regulations are applicable.

 

If a Fund owns shares in certain foreign investment entities (i) that receive at least 75% of their annual gross income from passive sources (such as interest, dividends, certain rents and royalties, or capital gains) or (ii) where at least 50% of the corporation’s assets (computed based on average fair market value) either produce or are held for the production of passive income (“passive foreign investment companies” or “PFICs”), the Fund will generally be subject to one or more of the following special tax regimes: (i) the Fund may be liable for U.S. federal income tax, and an additional interest charge, on a portion of any “excess distribution” from such foreign entity or any gain from the disposition of such shares, even if the entire distribution or gain is paid out by the Fund as a dividend to its shareholders, (ii) if the Fund were able and elected to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” or “QEF,” the Fund would be required each year to include in income, and distribute to shareholders in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above, the Fund’s pro rata share of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the passive foreign investment company, whether or not such earnings or gains are distributed to the Fund, or (iii) the Fund may be entitled to mark-to-market annually shares of the PFIC, whether or not any distributions are made to the Fund, and in such event would be required to distribute to shareholders any such mark-to-market gains in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above. Each Fund intends to make the appropriate tax elections, if possible, and take any additional steps that are necessary to mitigate the effect of these rules. Amounts included in income each year by a Fund pursuant to a QEF election will be “qualifying income,” even if not distributed to the Fund, to the extent such income is derived with respect to such Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities or currencies.

 

109

 

 

Backup Withholding

 

A Fund will be required in certain cases to withhold at a 24% withholding rate and remit to the U.S. Treasury the amount withheld on amounts payable to any shareholder who: (i) has provided a Fund either an incorrect tax identification number or no number at all; (ii) is subject to backup withholding by the IRS for failure to properly report payments of interest or dividends; (iii) has failed to certify to a Fund that such shareholder is not subject to backup withholding; or (iv) has failed to certify to a Fund that the shareholder is a U.S. person (including a resident alien). Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to the 30% withholding tax applicable to shareholders who are neither citizens nor residents of the U.S. (discussed below).

 

Foreign Shareholders

 

Any non-U.S. investors in the Funds may be subject to U.S. withholding and estate tax and are encouraged to consult their tax advisors prior to investing in the Funds. Foreign shareholders (i.e., nonresident alien individuals and foreign corporations, partnerships, trusts and estates) are generally subject to U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or a lower tax treaty rate) on distributions derived from taxable ordinary income. A Fund may, under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met. Short-term capital gain dividends received by a nonresident alien individual who is present in the U.S. for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year are not exempt from this 30% withholding tax. Gains realized by foreign shareholders from the sale or other disposition of shares of a Fund generally are not subject to U.S. taxation, unless the recipient is an individual who is physically present in the U.S. for 183 days or more per year. Foreign shareholders who fail to provide an applicable IRS form may be subject to backup withholding on certain payments from a Fund. Backup withholding will not be applied to payments that are subject to the 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) withholding tax described in this paragraph. Different tax consequences may result if the foreign shareholder is engaged in a trade or business within the United States. In addition, the tax consequences to a foreign shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of a tax treaty may be different than those described above.

 

Under legislation known as “FATCA” (the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act), a U.S. withholding tax of 30% will apply to payments to certain foreign entities of U.S.-source interest and dividends unless various U.S. information reporting and due diligence requirements that are different from, and in addition to, the beneficial owner certification requirements described above have been satisfied. A non-U.S. shareholder may be exempt from the withholding described in this paragraph under an applicable intergovernmental agreement between the U.S. and a foreign government, provided that the shareholder and the applicable foreign government comply with the terms of the agreement. The Funds will not pay additional amounts in respect to any amounts withheld. Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their tax advisers regarding the effect, if any, of this legislation on their ownership and sale or disposition of a Fund’s common shares.

 

A beneficial holder of shares who is a foreign person may be subject to foreign, state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the federal income tax consequences referred to above. If a shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any effectively connected income or gain will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by the shareholder in the United States.

 

110

 

 

Taxes on Purchases and Redemptions of Creation Units

 

An Authorized Participant who purchases a Creation Unit by exchanging securities in-kind generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (a) the sum of the market value of the Creation Units at the time and any net cash received, and (b) the sum of the purchaser’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and any net cash paid for the Creation Units. A person who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (x) the sum of the redeemer’s basis in the Creation Units and any net cash paid, and (y) the sum of the aggregate market value of the securities received and any net cash received. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units may not be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash sales” by an Authorized Participant that does not mark-to-market its holdings, or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position.

 

Any gain or loss realized upon a creation or redemption of Creation Units will be treated as capital or ordinary gain or loss, depending on the holder’s circumstances. Any capital gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares comprising the Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses will be treated as short-term capital gains or losses. In some circumstances, a redemption of Creation Units may potentially cause amounts received by the shareholder in the redemption to be treated as dividend income rather than as a payment in exchange for Creation Units. Any capital loss upon a redemption of Creation Units held for six months or less should be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as distributions to the person redeeming the Creation Units of long-term capital gain with respect to the Creation Units (including any amounts credited to that person as undistributed capital gains). Authorized Participants purchasing or redeeming Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction.

 

Each Fund has the right to reject an order for Creation Units if the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of a Fund and if, pursuant to section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code, the Fund would have a basis in the deposit securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. Each Fund also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. If a Fund does issue Creation Units to a purchaser (or a group of purchasers) that would, upon obtaining the Creation Units so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of a Fund, the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) will not recognize gain or loss upon the exchange of securities for Creation Units.

 

A Fund may include cash when paying the redemption price for Creation Units in addition to, or in place of, the delivery of a basket of securities. A Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause a Fund to recognize investment income and/or capital gains or losses that it might not have recognized if it had completely satisfied the redemption in-kind. As a result, a Fund may be less tax efficient if it includes such a cash payment than if the in-kind redemption process was used.

 

111

 

 

Tax-Exempt Shareholders

 

Certain tax-exempt shareholders, including qualified pension plans, individual retirement accounts, salary deferral arrangements, 401(k) plans, and other tax-exempt entities, generally are exempt from federal income taxation except with respect to their unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”). Tax-exempt entities are not permitted to offset losses from one trade or business against the income or gain of another trade or business. Certain net losses incurred prior to January 1, 2018 are permitted to offset gain and income created by an unrelated trade or business, if otherwise available. Under current law, a RIC generally serves to block UBTI from being realized by its tax-exempt shareholders with respect to the RIC’s investments. However, notwithstanding the foregoing, tax-exempt shareholders could realize UBTI by virtue of an investment in a Fund where, for example, (i) the Fund, or ETPs in which the Fund invests, invest in REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”), (ii) the Fund invests in a REIT that: (a) is a taxable mortgage pool (“TMP”), (b) has a TMP subsidiary, or (c) invests in a residual interest of a REMIC, or (iii) shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of section 514(b) of the Internal Revenue Code. Charitable remainder trusts are subject to special rules and should consult their tax advisors. There are no restrictions preventing ETPs from holding investments in REITs that hold residual interests in REMICs, and a Fund or ETP may do so. The IRS has issued guidance with respect to these issues and prospective shareholders, especially charitable remainder trusts, are strongly encouraged to consult with their tax advisors regarding these issues.

 

A Fund’s shares held in a tax qualified retirement account will generally not be subject to federal taxation on income and capital gains distributions from the Fund until a shareholder begins receiving payments from their retirement account.

 

Certain Potential Tax Reporting Requirements

 

Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder in any single taxable year (or certain greater amounts over a combination of years), the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC, such as each Fund, are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

 

State Taxes

 

A Fund may be subject to tax or taxes in certain states where the Fund does business. Furthermore, in those states which have income tax laws, the tax treatment of a Fund and of Fund shareholders with respect to distributions by the Fund may differ from federal tax treatment. It is expected that a Fund will not be liable for any corporate excise, income or franchise tax in Delaware if it qualifies as a RIC for federal income tax purposes.

 

The foregoing discussion is based on U.S. federal tax laws and regulations which are in effect on the date of this SAI. Such laws and regulations may be changed by legislative or administrative action. Shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in a Fund and regarding specific questions as to foreign, federal, state, or local taxes.

 

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OTHER INFORMATION

 

Portfolio Holdings

 

The Board has approved portfolio holdings disclosure policies that govern the timing and circumstances of disclosure to shareholders and third-parties of information regarding the portfolio investments held by the Funds. These policies and procedures, as described below, are designed to ensure that disclosure of portfolio holdings is in the best interests of Fund shareholders, and address conflicts of interest between the interests of Fund shareholders and those of the Advisor, Sub-Advisors, Distributor, or any affiliated person of the Funds, Advisor, Sub-Advisors, or Distributor.

 

Each Business Day, Fund portfolio holdings information will be provided to the Funds’ transfer agent or other agent for dissemination through the facilities of the NSCC and/or other fee-based subscription services to NSCC members and/or subscribers to those other fee-based subscription services, including Authorized Participants, and to entities that publish and/or analyze such information in connection with the process of purchasing or redeeming Creation Units or trading shares of the Fund in the secondary market. This information typically reflects each Fund’s anticipated holdings on the following Business Day. Daily access to information concerning each Fund’s portfolio holdings also is permitted (i) to certain personnel of those service providers who are involved in portfolio management and providing administrative, operational, risk management, or other support to portfolio management, including affiliated broker-dealers and/or Authorized Participants and (ii) to other personnel of the Advisor, Sub-Advisors, and other service providers, such as the Administrator and fund accountant, who deal directly with, or assist in, functions related to investment management, administration, custody and fund accounting, as may be necessary to conduct business in the ordinary course in a manner consistent with agreements with each Fund and/or the terms of the Fund’s current registration statement.

 

From time to time, information concerning Fund portfolio holdings, other than portfolio holdings information made available in connection with the creation/redemption process, as discussed above, may also be provided to other entities that provide additional services to the Funds, including, among others, rating or ranking organizations, in the ordinary course of business, no earlier than one Business Day following the date of the information. Portfolio holdings information made available in connection with the creation/redemption process may be provided to other entities that provide additional services to the Funds in the ordinary course of business after it has been disseminated to the NSCC.

 

The Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer, or a compliance manager designated by the Chief Compliance Officer, may also grant exceptions to permit additional disclosure of Fund portfolio holdings information at differing times and with different lag times (the period from the date of the information to the date the information is made available), if any, in instances where a Fund has legitimate business purposes for doing so, it is in the best interests of shareholders, and the recipients are subject to a duty of confidentiality, including a duty not to trade on the nonpublic information and are required to execute an agreement to that effect. The Board will be informed of any such disclosures at its next regularly scheduled meeting or as soon as is reasonably practicable thereafter. In no event shall the Funds, Advisor, Sub-Advisor, or any other party receive any direct or indirect compensation in connection with the disclosure of information about Fund portfolio holdings.

 

The Board exercises continuing oversight of the disclosure of the Funds’ portfolio holdings by (1) overseeing the implementation and enforcement of portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures, the Codes of Ethics, and the protection of non-public information policies and procedures (collectively, the “Portfolio Holdings Governing Policies”) by the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer and the Funds, (2) considering reports and recommendations by the Chief Compliance Officer concerning any material compliance matters (as defined in Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 206(4)-7 under the Advisers Act) that may arise in connection with any Portfolio Holdings Governing Policies, and (3) considering whether to approve or ratify any amendment to any Portfolio Holdings Governing Policies. The Board and the Funds reserve the right to amend the Portfolio Holdings Governing Policies at any time and from time to time without prior notice in their sole discretion. For purposes of the Portfolio Holdings Governing Policies, the term “portfolio holdings” means the equity, debt, and derivatives securities (e.g., stocks, bonds, and swaps) held by a Fund and does not mean the cash investments and other investment positions (collectively, other investment positions) held by the Fund, which are not disclosed.

 

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In addition to the permitted disclosures described above, each Fund must disclose its complete holdings in its Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report to shareholders and file its complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the SEC for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year as an exhibit to its reports on Form N-PORT. All of these reports are available, free of charge, on the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

Voting Rights

 

Each share has one vote with respect to matters upon which a shareholder vote is required consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. Shareholders receive one vote for every full Fund share owned. Each Fund will vote separately on matters relating solely to that Fund. All shares of the Funds are freely transferable.

 

As a Delaware statutory trust, the Trust is not required to hold annual shareholder meetings unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act. However, a meeting may be called by the Board on the written request of shareholders owning at least 10% of the outstanding shares of the Trust entitled to vote. If a meeting is requested by shareholders, the Trust will provide appropriate assistance and information to the shareholders who requested the meeting. Shareholder inquiries can be made by calling 877.843.3831 or by writing to the Trust at 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.

 

Shareholder Inquiries

 

Shareholders may visit the Trust’s website at www.advisorshares.com or call 877.843.3831 to obtain information on account statements, procedures, and other related information.

 

COUNSEL

 

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, located at 1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20004, serves as counsel to the Trust.

 

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

[  ], located at [  ], serves as the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm. The independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing the annual financial statements of the Funds.

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

The Funds’ audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, including notes thereto and the reports of [  ], independent registered public accounting firm, are incorporated by reference into this SAI. Shareholders may obtain a copy of the Trust’s 2022 Annual Report to Shareholders free of charge by calling 877.843.3831 or visiting the Trust’s website at www.advisorshares.com.

 

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APPENDIX A

 

Bond Ratings

 

Below is a description of Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group (“Standard & Poor’s”) and Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) bond rating categories.

 

Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group Corporate Bond Ratings

 

AAA -This is the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s to a debt obligation and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and interest.

 

AA - Bonds rated “AA” also qualify as high-quality debt obligations. Capacity to pay principal and interest is very strong, and in the majority of instances they differ from “AAA” issues only in small degree.

 

A - Bonds rated “A” have a strong capacity to pay principal and interest, although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than bonds in higher rated categories.

 

BBB - Bonds rated “BBB” are regarded as having an adequate capability to pay principal and interest. Whereas they normally exhibit adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay principal and interest for bonds in this category than for bonds in higher rated categories.

 

BB - Bonds rated “BB” have less near-term vulnerability to default than other speculative issues. However, they face major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal payments.

 

B - Bonds rated “B” have a greater vulnerability to default but currently have the capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal.

 

CCC - Bonds rated “CCC” have a currently identifiable vulnerability to default and are dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet timely payment of interest and repayment of principal. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, they are not likely to have the capacity to pay interest and repay principal.

 

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. Corporate Bond Ratings

 

Aaa - Bonds rated “Aaa” are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to a “gilt-edged.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

 

Aa - Bonds rated “Aa” are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group, they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protections may not be as large as in “Aaa” securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long term risk appear somewhat larger than in “Aaa” securities.

 

A-1

 

 

A - Bonds rated “A” possess many favorable investment attributes, and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

 

Baa - Bonds rated “Baa” are considered as medium grade obligations (i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

 

Ba - Bonds rated “Ba” are judged to have speculative elements. Their future cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

 

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APPENDIX B

 

Principal Holders of Fund Shares

 

ADVISORSHARES ALPHA DNA EQUITY SENTIMENT ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES DORSEY WRIGHT ALPHA EQUAL WEIGHT ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES DORSEY WRIGHT FSM ALL CAP WORLD ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES DORSEY WRIGHT FSM US CORE ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

B-1

 

 

ADVISORSHARES DORSEY WRIGHT ADR ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES DORSEY WRIGHT MICRO-CAP ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES DORSEY WRIGHT SHORT ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES DRONE TECHNOLOGY ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

B-2

 

 

ADVISORSHARES FOCUSED EQUITY ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES GERBER KAWASAKI ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES HOTEL ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES INSIDER ADVANTAGE ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

B-3

 

 

ADVISORSHARES LET BOB AI POWERED MOMENTUM ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES NEWFLEET MULTI-SECTOR INCOME ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES NORTH SQUARE MCKEE CORE RESERVES ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

B-4

 

 

ADVISORSHARES POSEIDON DYNAMIC CANNABIS ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES PSYCHEDELICS ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES PURE CANNABIS ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES PURE US CANNABIS ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

B-5

 

 

ADVISORSHARES Q DYNAMIC GROWTH ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES Q PORTFOLIO BLENDED ALLOCATION ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES RANGER EQUITY BEAR ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES RESTAURANT ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

B-6

 

 

ADVISORSHARES STAR GLOBAL BUY-WRITE ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

ADVISORSHARES VICE ETF

DTC Participant

Percentage Owned

   
   
   
   
   

 

B-7

 

 

APPENDIX C

 

ADVISORSHARES INVESTMENTS

 

PROXY VOTING

 

Proxy Voting

 

Background & Description

 

Proxy voting is an important right of shareholders and reasonable care and diligence must be undertaken by ASI to ensure that such rights are properly and timely exercised. The purpose of these proxy voting policies and procedures are to set forth the principles, guidelines and procedures by which ASI votes the securities owned by its clients for which ASI exercises voting authority and discretion (the “Proxies”) and ensure that Proxies are voted in the best interests of clients in accordance with relevant fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act.

 

ASI and Sub-Advisers are responsible for voting all proxies associated with their investment on behalf of the Funds, and ASI is responsible for oversight of those activities. With respect to accounts over which an Adviser performs proxy voting, it maintains written policies and procedures as to the handling, research, voting and reporting of proxy voting and makes appropriate disclosures about ASI’s proxy policies and practices. ASI’s policy and practice includes the responsibility to receive and vote Fund proxies where authorized and disclose any potential conflicts of interest as well as reporting on Form N-PX the proxies voted for the funds and maintaining relevant and required records.

 

Under Rule 206(4)-6, advisers which exercise voting authority with respect to client securities must:

 

Adopt and implement written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that client securities are voted in the best interests of clients. Such policies must include how an adviser addresses material conflicts that may arise between an adviser’s interests and those of its client(s);

 

Disclose to clients how they may obtain information from the adviser with respect to the voting of Proxies for their securities;

 

Describe to clients a summary of its proxy voting policies and procedures and, upon request, furnish a copy to its clients; and

 

Maintain certain records relating to ASI’s proxy voting activities.

 

Responsibility for voting the Proxies is generally established by advisory agreements or comparable documents with clients, and ASI’s proxy voting guidelines (maintained separately from these policies and procedures) have been tailored to reflect these specific contractual obligations.

 

Compliance Policy & Procedures

 

ASI, as a general matter, accepts responsibility for voting Proxies for portfolio securities held within client accounts in certain instances. It is ASI’s policy to vote Proxies in the best interest of clients and, in connection with ASI’s fiduciary duties under Rule 206(4)-2, ASI will:

 

Maintain a copy of the current proxy voting procedures and any iterations thereof for the proper retention period;

 

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Ensure proxy voting performed by ASI on behalf of clients is pursuant to the proper written legal authority as provided for in the advisory agreement or other legally binding agreement;

 

Review these proxy voting procedures no less frequently than annually to ensure they remain adequate and current;

 

Maintain appropriate documentation with respect to Proxies received including a copy of the proxy statement;

 

Where it has accepted responsibility to vote Proxies on behalf of a particular client, ASI endeavors to vote such Proxies without conflict and in the best interests of its clients. In the event of a conflict, ASI will document the conflict, engage an impartial independent third-party to fulfill ASI’s obligation, and document any third-party response along with any supporting documentation;

 

Maintain a record of each vote cast and any documents supporting and memorializing ASI’s decision on how votes were cast;

 

Retain a copy of any written request for information on how the adviser voted Proxies on behalf of the client along with any written response to any request (whether written or oral) on how the adviser voted Proxies on behalf of the requesting client.

 

Delegation to Third Party Voting Agent

 

ASI utilizes a third-party agent (“Voting Agent”) for performing voting activities, however ASI continues to have the ultimate obligation and discretion for proxy voting and must properly oversee the Voting Agent.

 

When utilizing a Voting Agent, ASI will:

 

Obtain an undertaking from the third-party that the third-party can provide all required documentation promptly upon request;

 

Rule 30b1-4 under the Investment Company Act requires registered investment companies to file their complete proxy voting records on “Form N-PX” for the 12-month period ended June 30 by August 31 of each year. Adviser will provide the necessary data to the appropriate

 

Ensure that voting guidelines for each Fund are adhered to; and

 

Monitor the voting activities of the Voting Agent as described below.

 

Generally, Voting Agents utilize an electronic vote management system that automatically populates each ballot with vote recommendations based on the specific proxy voting guidelines selected by the client without prior review by ASI, thereby enabling the automatic submission of votes in a timely and efficient manner. The pre-population of voting recommendations on a ballot strictly adheres to each client’s selected proxy voting guidelines. Under no circumstances is a Voting Agent authorized to deviate from a client’s proxy voting guidelines.

 

Voting Agents should not proceed with the automatic voting of pre-populated ballots if it has become aware that an issuer intends to file or has filed additional soliciting materials before the submission deadline. In such instances, a Voting Agent will consider such information prior to voting to ensure that it is voting in clients’ best interests. Voting Agents must have policies and procedures in place to ensure that proxy-voting recommendations are based on current and accurate information from issuers.

 

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Monitoring of Voting Agent.

 

ASI monitors the services provided by the Voting Agent to evaluate whether it has the capacity and competency to adequately analyze proxy issues and make recommendations in an impartial manner, and in the best interests of its clients. Monitoring may include some or all of the following:

 

sampling of votes cast by the Voting Agent to confirm that the proxy guidelines selected by the Fund are being followed;

 

performing periodic due diligence on the Voting Agent to determine if the Voting Agent continues to have capacity and competency to carry out its proxy obligations;

 

reviewing the Voting Agent’s policies and procedures, with a particular focus on those relating to identifying and addressing conflicts of interest and ensuring that current and accurate information is used in creating recommendations;

 

inquiring as to the Voting Agent’s compliance with relevant regulatory regimes;

 

requesting that the Voting Agent notify ASI if there is material change to its policies and procedures, particularly with respect to conflicts, or material business practices (e.g., entering or exiting new lines of business), and reviewing any such change; or

 

participating in the Voting Agent’s policy formulation processes.

 

Review of Delegation to Third-Party Voting Agent. From time to time, ASI reviews this policy and the services provided by the Voting Agent to determine whether the continued use of the Voting Agent and its recommendations is in the best interests of clients.

 

Voting Securities on loan

 

ASI’s Funds or investment vehicles sponsored, managed or advised by ASI may participate in a securities lending program. The voting rights for shares that are out on loan are transferred to the borrower and therefore, the lender is not entitled to vote the lent shares at the company meeting. In general, ASI believes the revenue received from a lending program outweighs the ability to vote and is unlikely to recall shares for the purpose of voting. However, under rare circumstances, for voting issues that may have a significant impact on the investment, ASI may request that clients or custodians recall securities that are on loan if it is determined that the benefit of voting outweighs the costs and lost revenue to the client or fund and the administrative burden of retrieving the securities.

 

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Alpha DNA Investment Management, LLC

 

Proxy Voting/Class Action Litigation

 

Background

 

An investment adviser has a duty of care and loyalty to its clients and Investors with respect to monitoring corporate events and exercising proxy authority in the best interests of such clients and Investors. Alpha DNA will adhere to Rule 206(4)-6 of the Advisers Act and all other applicable laws and regulations in regard to the voting of proxies.

 

Policies and Procedures

 

Alpha DNA has the authority to vote proxies in respect of securities in client accounts (“Client Securities”) over which the Company has voting discretion. In such cases, the Company will cast proxy votes in a manner that is consistent with the best interests of the Company’s clients. These policies and procedures are designed to deal with the complexities which may arise in cases where the Company’s interests conflict or appear to conflict with the interests of its clients and to communicate to clients the methods and rationale whereby the Company exercises proxy authority. This document is available to any client upon request. Alpha DNA will also make available the record of the Company’s votes promptly upon request.

 

Unless contractually obligated to vote in a certain manner, the Company will reach its voting decisions independently, after appropriate investigation. It does not generally intend to delegate its decision making or to rely on the recommendations of any third party, although it may take such recommendations into consideration. Where the Company deviates from the guidelines listed below, or depends upon a third party to make the decision, the reasons shall be documented. Alpha DNA may consult with such other experts, such as CPA’s, investment bankers, attorneys, etc., as it regards necessary to help it reach informed decisions.

 

The CCO is responsible for monitoring the effectiveness of this policy.

 

Alpha DNA generally will monitor proposed corporate actions and proxy issues regarding Client Securities, and may take any of the following actions based on the best interests of our clients: (i) determine how to vote the proxies, (ii) abstain, or (iii) follow the recommendations of an independent proxy voting service in voting the proxies.

 

In general, the Company will determine how to vote proxies based on our reasonable judgment of the vote most likely to produce favorable financial results for our clients. Proxy votes generally will be cast in favor of proposals that maintain or strengthen the shared interests of shareholders and management, increase shareholder value, maintain or increase shareholder influence over the issuer’s board of directors and management and maintain or increase the rights of shareholders. Proxy votes generally will be cast against proposals having the opposite effect. However, the Company will consider both sides of each proxy issue.

 

Alpha DNA will vote proxies on behalf of its clients in a manner that it believes is in the best interest of its clients.

 

Alpha DNA further acknowledges that in its sub-advisor capacity to 40 Act Funds, that these Funds require proxy voting and Alpha DNA will vote proxies accordingly.

 

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Management Proposals

 

Absent good reason to the contrary, the Company will generally give substantial weight to management recommendations regarding voting. This is based on the view that management is usually in the best position to know which corporate actions are in the best interests of common shareholders as a whole.

 

Alpha DNA will generally vote for routine matters proposed by issuer management, such as setting a time or place for an annual meeting, changing the name or fiscal year of the company, or voting for directors in favor of the management proposed slate. Other routine matters in which the Company will generally vote along with company management include: appointment of auditors, fees paid to board members, and change in the board structure. As long as the proposal does not: i) measurably change the structure, management, control or operations of the company; ii) measurably change the terms of, or fees or expenses associated with, an investment in the company; and the proposal is consistent with customary industry standards and practices, as well as the laws of the state of incorporation applicable to the company, the Company will generally vote along with management.

 

Non-Routine Matters

 

Non-routine matters include such things as:

 

Amendments to management incentive plans

 

The authorization of additional common or preferred stock

 

Initiation or termination of barriers to takeover or acquisition

 

Mergers or acquisitions

 

Changes in the state of incorporation

 

Corporate reorganizations

 

Term limits for board members

 

“Contested” director slates

 

In non-routine matters, the Company will attempt to be generally familiar with the questions at issue. Non-routine matters will be voted on a case-by-case basis, given the complexity of many of these issues.

 

Processing Proxy Votes

The CCO will be responsible for determining whether each proxy is for a “routine” matter, as described above, and whether the Policy and Procedures set forth herein actually address the specific issue. For proxies that are not clearly “routine”, the Company, in conjunction with the CCO, will determine how to vote each such proxy by applying these policies and procedures. Upon making a decision, the proxy will be executed and returned for submission to the company. Alpha DNA’s proxy voting record will be updated at the time the proxy is submitted.

 

An independent proxy voting advisory and research firm may be appointed as a “Proxy Service” for voting the Company’s proxies after approval by the CCO.

 

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Conflicts of Interest

Conflicts of interest between the Company or a principal of the Company and the Company’s clients in respect of a proxy issue conceivably may arise, for example, from personal or professional relationships with a company or with the directors, candidates for director, or senior executives of a company that is the issuer of Client Securities.

 

Potential conflicts of interest between the Company and its clients may arise when the Company’s relationships with an issuer or with a related third party actually conflict, or appear to conflict, with the best interests of the Company’s clients.

 

If the issue is specifically addressed in these policies and procedures, the Company will vote in accordance with these policies. In a situation where the issue is not specifically addressed in these Policies and Procedures and an apparent or actual conflict exists, the Company shall either: i) delegate the voting decision to an independent third party; ii) inform clients of the conflict of interest and obtain advance consent of a majority of such clients for a particular voting decision; or iii) obtain approval of a voting decision from the Company’s CCO, who will be responsible for documenting the rationale for the decision made and voted. 

 

In all such cases, the Company will make disclosures to clients of all material conflicts and will keep documentation supporting its voting decisions.

 

If the CCO determines that a material conflict of interest exists, the following procedures shall be followed:

 

1.Alpha DNA may disclose the existence and nature of the conflict to the client(s) owning the client the client Securities, and seek directions on how to vote the proxies;

 

2.Alpha DNA may abstain from voting, particularly if there are conflicting client interests (for example, where client accounts hold different Client Securities in a competitive merger situation); or

 

3.Alpha DNA may follow the recommendations of an independent proxy voting service in voting the proxies.

 

Disclosure to Clients

A summary of the Company’s Proxy Voting Policy will be included in the Company’s Disclosure Brochure. The full text of the Company’s Proxy Voting Policy will be provided to clients upon request.

 

Class Action Lawsuits

From time to time, securities held in the accounts of clients will be the subject of class action lawsuits. Alpha DNA has undertaken the obligation to inform clients if securities held by the client are subject to a pending or resolved class action lawsuit and to inform clients if they may be eligible to receive proceeds of a securities class action settlement or verdict. When securities held by the client are the subject of a class action lawsuit, the Company will inform the client of the action, inform the client that he or she may opt in or opt out of the lawsuit, advise the client that the Company cannot render legal services, advise the client to consult with an attorney, and advise the client that the failure to do so may negatively affect his or her rights. Alpha DNA will take any actions as instructed by the client’s attorney or the client and in the absence of any such instructions, the Company shall take any actions (other than those which would be required to be performed by an attorney) which in its sole discretion is determined to be in the best interests of its clients.

 

Where the Company receives written or electronic notice of a class action lawsuit, settlement, or verdict affecting securities owned by a client, it will forward all notices, proof of claim forms, and other materials, to the client. Electronic mail is acceptable where appropriate if the client has authorized contact in this manner.

 

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CS McKee (and affiliates)

 

Proxy Voting Policy

 

CS McKee will accept the authority to vote proxies on behalf of the client.

 

Objective

 

The objective of our proxy voting process is to maximize the long-term investment performance of our clients.

 

Policy

 

It is our policy to vote all proxy proposals in accordance with management recommendations except in instances where the effect of particular resolutions could adversely affect shareholder value. In such cases, it is CS McKee’s policy to vote against these proposals. Examples of proposals that could negatively impact shareholder interest include, but are not limited to the following:

 

1.Anti-takeover amendments such as fair price provisions and staggered board provisions.

 

2.Poison pill provisions designed to discourage another entity from seeking control.

 

3.Greenmail attempts.

 

4.Golden parachutes and related management entrenchment measures.

 

5.Oversized stock option grants and strike price revisions.

 

It is McKee’s practice to generally not recall securities unless there is a specific issue that we feel warrants forfeiting the securities lending income. It is generally believed that in most cases the certainty of the securities lending income outweighs the potential, but unknown benefit, of the proxy vote.

 

Procedure

 

Our procedure for processing proxy ballots is as follows:

 

1.Upon receipt, all proxy material will be forwarded to a Senior Portfolio Manager (or delegate) for his/her review. Specifically, proxies will be reviewed for material conflicts of interest and in such cases will be addressed by the Compliance Department to ensure that resolutions are voted in the best interest of shareholders.

 

2.CS McKee will vote the resolutions according to the instructions of the Senior Portfolio Manager (or delegate).

 

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3.If any proposals are considered to have a potentially negative impact on investment performance, the Senior Portfolio Manager (or delegate) will review the resolutions thoroughly with the Portfolio Manager responsible for the investment.

 

4.After this review, if the Senior Portfolio Manager (or delegate) determines that specific proposals could have a negative impact on investment performance, they will vote against those proposals.

 

5.The Senior Portfolio Manager (or delegate) will review any exceptional provisions which are of significant investment interest with the President before voting on those issues.

 

6.Copies of all proxy material, along with our voting record, will be maintained by CS McKee and can be obtained by emailing info@csmckee.com.

 

7.The Management Committee will review the proxy voting policies annually.

 

Authorization to Vote Proxies

 

The default will be for CS McKee to vote all proxies for securities that it currently owns that are received via mail or electronic proxy service. It is the client’s responsibility to make sure that proxies are forwarded to our attention. CS McKee does not reconcile shares voted against those owned by our clients.

 

Clients must notify CS McKee in writing if they do not want us to vote proxies. These notifications will be kept on file. If CS McKee is not authorized to vote proxies, the client will receive their proxy statements directly from their custodian.

 

Clients may direct CS McKee to vote any solicitation by contacting their relationship manager.

 

CS McKee

 

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Dorsey, Wright & Associates LLC

 

PROXY VOTING

 

If a client account is subject to the Employee Retirement Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), recommendations for the voting of proxies for the securities in the portfolio will be made by Institutional Shareholder Services, and Dorsey Wright will make the final decision on the voting of proxies for the securities in the portfolio, unless specifically reserved to the trustee of the client’s account or a named fiduciary of the client’s account.

 

If the account is a discretionary non-ERISA account, recommendations on decisions on voting of proxies will be made by Institutional Shareholder Services, pursuant to the Institutional Shareholder Services Proxy Voting Guidelines, and Dorsey Wright will make the final decision on the voting of proxies for the securities in the portfolio, unless the client otherwise specifically directs.

 

Institutional Shareholder Services is responsible for monitoring corporate actions, making voting decisions pursuant to the Proxy Voting Guidelines, and for ensuring that proxies are submitted timely. ISS also maintains the electronic storage of all proxy records.

 

The CCO will periodically monitor the voting of the proxies and supervise the designated person.

 

Dorsey Wright will make the following client disclosure in Form ADV Part 2:

 

How clients can obtain information from Dorsey Wright on how their securities were voted.

 

Description of Institutional Shareholder Services’ proxy voting policies. The description will be a concise summary of the policies stated herein.

 

Disclosure that a copy of Dorsey Wright’s complete policy on voting proxies is available upon request.

 

If a client requests a copy of our complete proxy voting policy, we must supply it.

 

Proxy voting records are maintained by Institutional Shareholder Services.

 

Who: CCO or Compliance Delegate
What: Proxy Voting Process as outsourced to Institutional Shareholder Services
When: Periodically monitor the voting of proxies (quarterly)
How: Receive verification from ISS
Where: Maintained in Compliance share drive.

 

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Gerber Kawasaki, Inc.

 

Proxy Voting Policy

 

Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 helps to ensure that SEC-registered advisers act in the best interest of their clients when exercising proxy voting authority. The rule obligates advisers to provide clients with information on how their securities were voted.

 

Advisers that have explicit or implicit voting authority must comply with rule 206(4)-6. Therefore, even when the advisory contract is silent, the rule applies if the adviser’s voting authority is implied by an overall delegation of discretionary authority. The rule does not apply to advisers that provide clients with advice about voting proxies but do not have authority to vote them.

 

The Firm does not vote proxy’s for clients. If clients seek advice relating to proxy we offer our opinion in a fair and balanced manner. We also disclose our position on any proxy vote if a client inquires.

 

A. Fiduciary Duty. The SEC adopted rule 206(4)-6 to regulate proxy voting by investment advisers with authority to vote their clients’ proxies. Under the Investment Advisers Act, an adviser is a fiduciary that owes each of its clients the duties of care and loyalty with respect to all services undertaken on the client’s behalf, which may or may not include proxy voting. To satisfy its duty of loyalty, the adviser must cast proxy votes in a way that will advance the best interest of its client. The adviser must not put its own interests ahead of the client’s.

 

Under rule 206(4)-6, it is a fraudulent, deceptive, or manipulative act, practice, or course of business for an investment adviser to exercise voting authority over client proxies unless the investment adviser:

 

1. Adopts and implements written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that the adviser votes proxies in the client’s best interest;

 

2. Discloses to clients how they may obtain information regarding how their proxies were voted; and

 

3. Describes proxy voting policies and procedures and furnishes a copy of the policies and procedures to the client when requested to do so.

 

The Adviser will keep a record of:

 

4. any advice given to a client regarding proxy voting.

 

5. any proxy material received on behalf of a client and the steps taken to forward such material to the client.

 

B. Philosophy and Practice regarding the voting of proxies.

 

1. General

 

The Company believes that each proxy proposal should be individually reviewed to determine whether the proposal is in the best interests of its clients. As a result, similar proposals for different companies may receive different votes because of different corporate circumstances. In general, the firm does not vote proxy’s for clients. If clients ask for direction on the vote, the advisor should give a fair and balanced review of the proposal.

 

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2. Procedures

 

To implement the Company’s proxy voting policies, the Company has developed the following procedures for voting proxies.

 

(a) Upon receipt of a corporate proxy by the Company, the special or annual report and the proxy are submitted to Ross Gerber (“the Proxy Manager”). The Proxy Manager will then vote the proxy in accordance with this policy.

 

(b) The Proxy Manager shall be responsible for reviewing the special or annual report, proxy proposals, and proxy proposal summaries. The reviewer shall take into consideration what vote is in the best interests of clients and the provisions of the Company’s Voting Guidelines in Section 2 below. The Proxy Manager will then vote the proxies.

 

(c) The Proxy Manager shall be responsible for maintaining copies of each annual report, proposal, proposal summary, actual vote, and any other information required to be maintained for a proxy vote under Rule 204-2 of the Advisers Act (see discussion in Section 3 below). With respect to proxy votes on topics deemed, in the opinion of the Proxy Manager, to be controversial or particularly sensitive, the Proxy Manager will provide a written explanation for the proxy vote, which will be maintained with the record of the actual vote in the Company’s files.

 

3. Voting Guidelines

 

While the Company’s policy is to review each proxy proposal on its individual merits, the Company has adopted guidelines for certain types of matters to assist the Proxy Manager in the review and voting of proxies. These guidelines are set forth below:

 

C. Corporate Governance

 

1. Election of Directors and Similar Matters

 

In an uncontested election, the Company will generally vote in favor of management’s proposed directors. In a contested election, the Company will evaluate proposed directors on a case-by-case basis. With respect to proposals regarding the structure of a company’s Board of Directors, the Company will review any contested proposal on its merits.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company expects to support proposals to:

 

(a) Limit executive pay and benefits

 

(b) Generally vote against proposals to Adopt or continue the use of a classified Board structure; and

 

(c) To add diversity and independent directors to the Board and to follow ESG guidelines.

 

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2. Audit Committee Approvals

 

The Company generally supports proposals that help ensure that a company’s auditors are independent and capable of delivering a fair and accurate opinion of a company’s finances. The Company will generally vote to ratify management’s recommendation and selection of auditors.

 

3. Shareholder Rights

 

The Company may consider all proposals that will have a material effect on shareholder rights on a case by case basis. Notwithstanding the foregoing, The Company expects to generally support proposals to:

 

(a) Adopt confidential voting and independent tabulation of voting results; and

 

(b) Require shareholder approval of “poison pills;”

 

And expects to generally vote against proposals to:

 

(a) Adopt super-majority voting requirements; and

 

(c) Restrict the rights of shareholders to call special meetings, to amend the bylaws, or to act by written consent.

 

4. Anti-Takeover Measures, Corporate Restructurings and Similar Matters

 

The Company may review any proposal to adopt an anti-takeover measure, to undergo a corporate restructuring (e.g., change of entity form or state of incorporation, mergers, or acquisitions) or to take similar action by reviewing the potential short and long-term effects of the proposal on the company. These effects may include, without limitation, the economic and financial impact the proposal may have on the company, and the market impact that the proposal may have on the company’s stock.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company expects to generally support proposals to:

 

(a) Prohibit the payment of greenmail (i.e., the purchase by the company of its own shares to prevent a hostile takeover);

 

(b) Adopt fair price requirements (i.e., requirements that all shareholders be paid the same price in a tender offer or takeover context), unless the Proxy Manager deems them sufficiently limited in scope; and

 

(c) Require shareholder approval of “poison pills.”

 

And expects to generally vote against proposals to:

 

(b) Adopt classified boards of directors;

 

(d) Reincorporate a company where the primary purpose appears to the Proxy Manager to be the creation of takeover defenses; and

 

(e) Require a company to consider the non-financial effects of mergers or acquisitions.

 

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5. Capital Structure Proposals

 

The Company will seek to evaluate capital structure proposals on their own merits on a case-by-case basis. Notwithstanding the foregoing, The Company expects to generally support proposals to:

 

(a) Eliminate preemptive rights.

 

D. Compensation

 

1. General

 

The Company generally supports proposals that encourage the disclosure of a company’s compensation policies. In addition, the Company generally supports proposals that fairly compensate executives, particularly those proposals that link executive compensation to performance. The Company may consider any contested proposal related to a company’s compensation policies on a case-by-case basis.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company expects to generally support proposals to:

 

(a) Require shareholders approval of “golden parachutes;” and

 

(b) Adopt “golden parachutes” that do not exceed 1 to 3 times the base compensation of the applicable executives.

 

And expects to generally vote against proposals to:

 

(c) Adopt measures that appear to the Proxy Manager to arbitrarily limit executive or employee benefits.

 

2. Stock Option Plans and Share Issuances

 

The Company evaluates proposed stock option plans and share issuances on a case-by-case basis. In reviewing proposals regarding stock option plans and issuances, the Company may consider, without limitation, the potential dilutive effect on shareholders and the potential short and long-term economic effects on the company. The Company believes that stock option plans do not necessarily align the interest of executives and outside directors with those of shareholders and that well thought out cash compensation plans can achieve these objectives without diluting shareholders ownership. Therefore, the Company generally will vote against stock option plans. However, these proposals will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis to determine that shareholders interests are being represented. The Company is in favor of management, directors, and employees owning stock, but prefers that the shares be purchased in the open market.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company expects to generally vote against proposals to:

 

(a) Establish or continue stock option plans and share issuances that are not in the best interest of the shareholders.

 

C-13

 

 

E. Corporate Responsibility and Social Issues

 

The Company generally believes that ordinary business matters (including, without limitation, positions on corporate responsibility and social issues) are primarily the responsibility of a company’s management that should be addressed solely by the company’s management. However, we do take into account these decision in voting for Board members and policies of the company. We prefer companies adopt ESG type policies with regard to employee rights, compensation of executives and business practices with regard to human rights and carbon emissions. These types of proposals, often initiated by shareholders, may request that the company disclose or amend certain business practices.

 

F. Record-Keeping Requirements Pertaining to Proxy Voting.

 

Rule 204-2, requires that the following proxy voting records be maintained. The CCO shall be responsible for maintaining these records relating to proxy voting.

 

1. Copies of all policies and procedures required by Rule 206(4)-6.

 

2. A copy of each proxy statement that the investment the Company receives regarding a client’s securities. The Company may satisfy this requirement by relying on a third-party provider, such as a proxy voting service, or the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval (EDGAR) system.

 

3. A record of each vote cast by the investment the Company on behalf of a client. The Company may satisfy this requirement by relying on a third-party service to provide these records. The third party must be capable of providing documents promptly upon request.

 

4. A copy of any document created by the Company that was material in making a decision on how to vote proxies on a client’s behalf or that articulates the basis for that decision.

 

5. A copy of each written client request for information on how the Company voted proxies on his or her behalf, as well as a copy of any written response by the investment the Company to any written or oral client request for information.

 

G. Conflicts of Interest Pertaining to Proxy Voting

 

Conflicts of interest between the Company or a principal of the Company and the Company’s clients in respect of a proxy issue conceivably may arise, for example, from personal or professional relationships with a company or with the directors, candidates for director, or senior executives of a company that is the issuer of client securities.

 

If the CCO determines that a material conflict of interest exists, the following procedures shall be followed:

 

1. The Company may disclose the existence and nature of the conflict to the client(s) owning the securities, and seek directions on how to vote the proxies;

 

2. The Company may abstain from voting, particularly if there are conflicting client interests (for example, where client accounts hold different client securities in a competitive merger situation); or

 

3. The Company may follow the recommendations of an independent proxy voting service in voting the proxies.

 

The Company keeps certain records required by applicable law in connection with its proxy voting activities for clients and shall provide proxy-voting information to clients upon their written or oral request. A copy of the Company’s proxy-voting policies shall be made available to clients upon request.

 

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Newfleet Asset Management, LLC
Regulatory Compliance and General Policies and Procedures Manual

 

Proxy Voting

Updated July 31, 2014

 

General Proxy Voting Policies, Procedures and Guidelines for Newfleet Portfolio Managers

 

Newfleet primarily manages fixed-income instruments which have very few if any proxy ballots associated with them. However from time to time, Newfleet may own an equity instrument or have another investment instrument with a proxy ballot. Each Portfolio Manager who directly manages assets for Newfleet is responsible for ensuring that all proxies are voted in a manner consistent with client guidelines and/or policy. When assets are directly managed by Newfleet Associates (Newfleet Portfolio Manager(s)), and Newfleet has been granted proxy voting discretion, the following policy and procedures apply:

 

Newfleet shall in all cases cast proxy votes in the best interest of the clients. Such vote shall be consistent with applicable client policy/instruction, or in the absence of such, the Proxy Voting Policies Procedures and Guidelines described below.

 

Proxies of the Funds will be voted subject to any applicable proxy voting guidelines of the Funds and, to the extent applicable, in accordance with any resolutions or other instructions approved by authorized persons of the Funds.

 

Absent special circumstances of the types described below, it is the policy of Newfleet to exercise its proxy voting discretion in accordance with the Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”) contained in the Attachments section to this Manual. Newfleet may vote a proxy contrary to the Guidelines if it is determined that such action is in the best interests of clients. The Guidelines are applicable to the voting of domestic and foreign proxies. The Guidelines have been adopted to make every effort to ensure that the manner in which shares are voted is in the best interest of clients and the value of the investment.

 

The responsibility to review proxy proposals, and make voting recommendations on behalf of Newfleet, is delegated to a qualified, non-affiliated, third party vendor, (such as but not limited to “ISS/RiskMetrics”) under the Guidelines.

 

Newfleet may occasionally be subject to conflicts of interest in the voting of proxies due to business or personal relationships it maintains with persons having an interest in the outcome of certain votes. For example, Newfleet may provide investment management, brokerage, underwriting, and related services to accounts owned or controlled by companies whose management is soliciting proxies. Newfleet and/or its employees may also occasionally have business or personal relationships with other proponents of proxy proposals, participants in proxy contests, corporate directors or candidates for directorships.

 

Any individual identifying a conflict of interest shall report such immediately to the Newfleet CCO who will determine a course of action.

 

In addition to this policy, please refer to related policies included in “Record Keeping, Information Security and Fire Walls”.

 

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Proxy Voting Policy for ERISA Clients

 

Each Portfolio Manager who directly manages assets for Newfleet is responsible for ensuring that all proxies are voted in a manner consistent with client guidelines and/or policy. Plans governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), are to be administered consistent with the terms of the governing plan documents and applicable provisions of ERISA. In cases where sole proxy voting discretion rests with Newfleet, the foregoing policies and procedures will be followed, subject to the fiduciary responsibility standards of ERISA. These standards generally require fiduciaries to act prudently and to discharge their duties solely in the interests of participants and beneficiaries. The Department of Labor has indicated that the voting decisions of ERISA fiduciaries must generally focus on the course that would most likely increase the value of the stock being voted.

 

The documents governing ERISA individual account plans may set forth various procedures for voting “employer securities” held by the plan. Where authority over the investment of plan assets is granted to plan participants, many individual account plans provide that proxies for employer securities will be voted in accordance with directions received from plan participants as to shares allocated to their plan accounts. In some cases, the governing plan documents may further provide that unallocated shares and/or allocated shares for which no participant directions are received will be voted in accordance with a proportional voting method in which such shares are voted proportionately in the same manner as are allocated shares for which directions from participants have been received. Consistent with Labor Department positions, it is the policy of Newfleet to follow the provisions of a plan’s governing documents in the voting of employer securities, unless it determines that to do so would breach its fiduciary duties under ERISA.

 

Other Special Proxy Voting Situations

 

The Newfleet may choose not to vote proxies in certain situations or for certain accounts, such as:

 

1.When a client has informed Newfleet that it wishes to retain the right to vote the proxy (under such situations, Newfleet will instruct the custodian to send the proxy material directly to the client);

 

2.When the Newfleet deems the cost of voting would exceed any anticipated benefit to the client;

 

3.When a proxy is received for a client account that has been terminated with the Newfleet;

 

4.When a proxy is received for a security the Newfleet no longer manages (i.e., the Newfleet had previously sold the entire position); and/or

 

5.When the exercise of voting rights could restrict the ability of an account’s portfolio manager to freely trade the security in question (as is the case, for example, in certain foreign jurisdictions known as “blocking markets”).

 

Various accounts in which the Newfleet has proxy voting discretion participate in securities lending programs administered by the custodian or a third party. Because title to loaned securities passes to the borrower, the Newfleet will be unable to vote any security that is out on loan to a borrower on a proxy record date. If the Newfleet has investment discretion, however, it reserves the right of the portfolio manager to instruct the lending agent to terminate a loan in situations where the matter to be voted upon is deemed to be material to the investment and the benefits of voting the security are deemed to outweigh the costs of terminating the loan.

 

C-16

 

 

Records Related to Proxy Voting

 

Portfolio Managers directly managing assets for Newfleet shall maintain records relating to any proxy votes they have made for such period of time as is required to comply with applicable laws and regulations. The firm may rely on one or more third parties to make and retain such records such as ISS/RiskMetrics. All votes shall be in the best interests of the client whose portfolio holds the security being voted.

 

Newfleet will maintain the following records relating to proxy votes cast under these policies and procedures:

 

1)A copy of these policies and procedures;

 

2)A copy of each proxy statement the firm receives regarding client’s securities; and

 

3)A record of each vote cast by the firm on behalf of a client.

 

A copy of each written client request for information on how the Newfleet voted proxies on behalf of the client, and a copy of any written response by the firm to any (written or oral) client request for information on how the firm voted proxies on behalf of the requesting client.

 

Newfleet will cause copies of the foregoing records, as they relate to particular clients, to be provided to those clients upon request except as may be required by law. It is generally the Newfleet’s policy not to disclose its proxy voting records to third parties or special interest groups.

 

C-17

 

 

POSEIDON INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, LLC

 

JANUARY 2019

 

PROXY VOTING POLICY

 

Poseidon exercises proxy voting authority on behalf of its Clients. Poseidon, as a fiduciary of its Clients, must act to maximize the value of the accounts it manages. Under its fiduciary duties of care and loyalty the Firm must monitor corporate actions and act reasonably to vote proxies in the best interests of its Clients.

 

Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act requires that an adviser that exercises voting authority over client securities:

 

adopt and implement written proxy voting procedures reasonably designed to ensure that its voting is in the best interests of clients,

 

address in such policies and procedures how the adviser will manage any conflicts of interest that might otherwise affect its proxy voting decisions,

 

provide a summary of such procedures to clients, and

 

offer to provide the full procedures upon request and inform clients how they can obtain information about how their securities were voted.

 

It is Poseidon’s policy generally to vote against any management proposals that Poseidon believes could prevent companies from realizing their maximum market value or would insulate companies and/or management from accountability to shareholders or prudent regulatory compliance.

 

Poseidon has adopted the following proxy voting policies and procedures:

 

A. Business Operations

 

The Firm generally will vote in favor of proposals that are a standard and necessary aspect of business operations and that the Firm believes will not typically have a significant negative effect on the value of the investment. Factors considered in reviewing these proposals include the financial performance of the company, attendance and independence of board members and committees, and enforcement of strict accounting practices. Such proposals include, but are not limited to:

 

Name changes

 

Election of directors

 

Ratification of auditors

 

C-18

 

 

Maintaining current levels of directors’ indemnification and liability

 

Increase in authorized shares (common stock only) if there is no intention to significantly dilute shareholders’ proportionate interest

 

Employee stock purchase or ownership plans

 

B. Change in Status

 

Proposals that change the status of the corporation, its individual securities, or the ownership status of the securities will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. Changes in status include proposals regarding:

 

Mergers, acquisitions, restructurings

 

Reincorporations

 

Changes in capitalization

 


C. Shareholder Democracy

 

The Firm generally will vote against any proposal that attempts to limit shareholder democracy in a way that could restrict the ability of the shareholders to realize the value of their investment. This would include proposals endorsing or facilitating:

 

Increased indemnification protections for directors or officers

 

Certain supermajority requirements

 

Unequal voting rights

 

Classified boards

 

Cumulative voting

 

Authorization of new securities if the intention appears to be to unduly dilute the shareholders’ proportionate interest

 

Changing the state of incorporation if the intention appears to disfavor the economic interest of the shareholders

 

C-19

 

 

The Firm generally supports proposals that maintain or expand shareholder democracy such as:

 

Annual elections

 

Independent directors

 

Confidential voting

 

Proposals that require shareholder approval for:

 

Adoption or retention of “poison pills” or golden parachutes

 

Elimination of cumulative voting or preemptive rights

 

Reclassification of company boards

 

The Firm believes reasonable compensation is appropriate for directors, executives and employees of publicly traded companies. Compensation should be used as an incentive and to align the interests of the involved parties with the long-term financial success of the company. It should not be excessive or utilized in a way that compromises independence or creates a conflict of interest. Among the factors the Firm considers when reviewing a compensation proposal is whether it potentially dilutes the value of outstanding shares, whether a plan has broad-based participation and whether a plan allows for the repricing of options. Each proposal is reviewed individually. A record of all proxy decisions and the rationale for voting will be retained and available for inspection by Clients at any time in accordance with the procedures listed below.

 

D. Conflicts of Interest

 

The Firm must act as a fiduciary when voting proxies on behalf of its Clients. In that regard, the Firm seeks to avoid possible conflicts of interest in connection with proxy voting.

 

E. ERISA Considerations

 

ERISA prohibits fiduciaries from acting on behalf of a plan in situations in which the fiduciary is subject to a conflict of interest. Thus, if the Firm determines that it has a conflict of interest with respect to the voting of proxies, the Firm must either seek the Client’s informed direction or retain an independent person to direct the Firm how to vote the proxy in the best interests of the ERISA account.

 

F. Class Actions

 

The Firm shall determine appropriate participation in any class action. Poseidon may utilize an outside service provider to monitor class actions.

 

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G. Firm Policies and Procedures

 

1. Receipt of Proxy Materials. The Firm receives proxy materials primarily from Client custodians via email and through the mail with respect to any securities held in Client accounts. Upon receipt of such materials, the Chief Compliance Officer checks Client contracts to confirm that proxy voting authority has been assigned by the Clients that hold the securities. The Chief Compliance Officer then checks the Firm’s records to determine that proxies have been received for all accounts holding the security and whether the Firm still has a position in the security. If the Firm has sold its position between the record date and the meeting date for a particular security, the Firm refrains from voting the securities. If the proxies are to be voted, the Chief Compliance Officer establishes a file and obtains a proxy analysis report from a proxy advisory service. In cases where a Client has contracted with a third party to vote proxies, the Chief Compliance Officer forwards the proxy to that party.

 

2. Voting Decisions. For each vote, the Chief Compliance Officer discusses the issues or initiatives with the portfolio manager responsible for the security. The Firm generally votes in accordance with the proxy voting policy described above. Once a determination has been made regarding how the Firm will vote, the Chief Compliance Officer casts the Firm’s vote electronically. If there is a decision to vote not in accordance with the stated proxy policy, the Chief Compliance Officer is responsible for documenting the decision making process and the reason for the variance from the policy.

 

3. Recusal from Voting. Any Employee who has a direct or indirect pecuniary interest in any issue presented for voting, or any relationship with the issuer, must so inform the Chief Compliance Officer and recuse him or herself from decisions on how proxies with respect to that issuer are voted.

 

4. Conflicts of Interest. The Chief Compliance Officer will review all potential conflicts of interests and determine whether such potential conflict is material. Where the Chief Compliance Officer determines there is a potential for a material conflict of interest regarding a proxy, the Chief Compliance Officer will consult with the portfolio manager and a determination will be made as to whether one or more of the following steps will be taken: (i) inform Clients of the material conflict and the Firm’s voting decision; (ii) discuss the proxy vote with Clients; (iii) fully disclose the material facts regarding the conflict and seek the Clients’ consent to vote the proxy as intended; and/or (iv) seek the recommendations of an independent third party. The Chief Compliance Officer will document the steps taken to evidence that the proxy vote was in the best interest of Clients and not the product of any material conflict. Such documentation will be maintained in accordance with required recordkeeping procedures.

 

5. Disclosure of Policies and Procedures. The Chief Compliance Officer will provide a summary of these policies and procedures in its Firm brochure to be furnished to Clients. The Chief Compliance Officer will further provide a copy of these policies and procedures to any Client upon request and will inform Clients in the Firm brochure about how Clients can obtain further proxy voting information about their own proxies.

 

6. Client Requests for Votes. If a Client requests that their proxies be voted in a specific way on a specific issue, the portfolio manager will advise the Client that it cannot accommodate the request.

 

7. Client Requests for Voting Record. Clients may request information concerning how proxies were voted on Client securities. The portfolio manager will notify the Chief Compliance Officer if he or she receives such request and will respond to such requests showing how Client securities were voted on particular issues.

 

C-21

 

 

 

 

ThinkBetter, LLC (“ThinkBetter”) shall vote proxies related to securities held by our clients for which we serve as the investment adviser in the best interest of our clients. All references in these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures are limited solely to clients for which we have agreed to vote such proxies. A client may reserve to itself the right to vote proxies.

 

ThinkBetter’s authority to vote the proxies of certain clients is established by advisory contracts or comparable documents. In addition to requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) governing advisers, these policies reflect our fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts.

 

The Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), requires us to act solely in the best interest of our clients at all times. We have adopted and implemented these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures, which we believe are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with our fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act.

 

Reflecting a basic investment philosophy that good management is shareholder focused, proxy votes will generally be cast in support of management on routine corporate matters and in support of any management proposal that is plainly in the interest of all shareholders. Specifically, proxy votes generally will be cast in favor of proposals that:

 

Maintain or strengthen the shared interests of stockholders and management;

 

Increase shareholder value; and/or

 

Maintain or increase shareholder rights generally.

 

Proxy votes will generally be cast against proposals having the opposite effect of the above. Where we perceive that a management proposal, if approved, would tend to limit or reduce the market value of the company’s securities, we will generally vote against it. We believe that means for ensuring management accountability to shareholders, in the rare cases where it is threatened, must not be compromised.

 

We generally support shareholder rights and recapitalization measures undertaken unilaterally by boards of directors properly exercising their responsibilities and authori ty, unless we believe such measures could have the effect of reducing shareholder rights or potential shareholder value. In cases where shareholder proposals challenge such actions, our voting position will generally favor not interfering with the directors’ proper function in the interest of all shareholders.

 

We believe that proposals addressing strictly social or political issues are immaterial to the goal of maximizing the return on funds under our management. We will gener-ally abstain from voting on such proposals, but will consider supporting proposals that seek to protect shareholder rights or minimize risks to shareholder value.

 

C-22

 

 

We review proxies to assess the extent, if any, to which there may be a material conflict between the interests of our clients on the one hand and our interests (including those of our affiliates, directors, officers, employees and other similar persons) on the other hand (a “potential conflict”). If a Portfolio Manager determines that a potential conflict may exist, it shall be reported to our management. Management shall determine whether a potential conflict exists and is authorized to resolve any such conflict in a manner that is in the collective best interests of our clients (excluding any client that may have a potential conflict). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, management may resolve a potential conflict in any of the following manners:

 

If the proposal that is the subject of the proposed conflict is specifically addressed in these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures, we may vote the proxy in accordance with such pre-determined policies and guidelines, provided that such pre-determined policy involves little discretion on our part and increases shareholder value;

 

We may engage an independent third-party to determine how the proxy should be voted; or

 

We may establish an ethical wall or other informational barriers between the person(s) that are involved in the potential conflict and the person(s) making the voting decision in order to insulate the potential conflict from the decision maker.

 

We may delegate our responsibilities under these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures to a third-party, provided that we retain final authority and fiduciary responsibility for proxy voting. If we so delegate our responsibilities, we shall monitor the delegate’s compliance with these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures. We (and our employees) and/or an independent third party provider shall vote in a prudent and timely fashion. We will use commercially reasonable efforts to determine whether a potential conflict may exist.

 

We may abstain from voting a client proxy if we conclude that the effect on shareholders’ economic interests or the value of the portfolio holding is indeterminable or insignificant. Additionally, we may abstain from voting a client proxy for cost reasons (e.g., costs associated with voting proxies of non-U.S. securities). In accordance with our fiduciary duties, we will weigh the costs and benefits of voting proxy proposals and make an informed decision with respect to whether voting a given proxy proposal is prudent. Our decision takes into account the effect that the vote of our clients, either by itself or together with other votes, is expected to have on the value of our client’s investment and whether this expected effect would outweigh the cost of voting.

 

Unless otherwise directed by a client, we are responsible for voting proxies related to securities that we manage for clients with respect to which we have accepted proxy-voting responsibility in writing. A client may from time to time direct us to vote proxies in a manner that is different from the guidelines set forth in these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures. We will follow such written direction for proxies received after our receipt of such written direction.

 

We shall maintain certain records required by applicable law in connection with proxy voting activities and shall provide proxy-voting information to a client for which we are responsible for voting proxies upon written request. Clients should contact Teresa Koncick, Chief Compliance Officer, to make such a request.

 

Our Proxy Voting Procedures and Policy will be reviewed annually. Management will review present procedures and past decisions with the aim of developing the most coherent and understandable proxy voting policy possible. We believe that a careful and continually evolving policy is indispensable to the task of discharging our fiduciary duties as an investment advisor. Please direct your questions about our Proxy Voting Polices and Procedures to:

 

ThinkBetter, LLC

Attention: Compliance

1924 South Osprey Avenue

Suite 202

Sarasota, FL 34239

info@thinkbetter.us

 

September 2021

 

C-23

 

 

Ranger Alternative Management L.P.

 

PROXY VOTING

 

Introduction

Ranger Alternative Management, LP (the “Firm”) views seriously its responsibility to exercise voting authority over securities which form part of its investors’ portfolios. Proxy statements increasingly contain controversial issues involving shareholder rights and corporate governance, among others, which deserve careful review and consideration.

 

The Firm notes that the investment portfolios it advises exclusively focuses on equity securities held on a short basis. As such, the likelihood of the Firm receiving any proxy statements is minimal. However, the Firm does hold money market funds and cash equivalent securities on a long basis; and such money market funds and cash equivalent securities could be the subject of proxy statements or voting.

 

It is the Firm’s policy to review each proxy statement on an individual basis and to base its voting decision exclusively on its judgment of what will best serve the financial interests of the beneficial owners of the security. These beneficial owners include members of pooled investment funds or exchange traded funds for which the Firm acts as investment manager or sub advisor.

 

A number of recurring issues can be identified with respect to the governance of a company and actions proposed by that company’s board. The Firm follows internal Proxy Voting procedures (described below) that allow the Firm to vote on these issues in a uniform manner. Proxies are generally considered by the Portfolio Managers of the Firm; who will cast votes in accordance with this Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures.

 

The Firm, in exercising its voting powers, also has regard to the statutes and rules applicable to registered investment advisers. The manner in which votes are cast by the Firm is reported to investors by delivery of this Proxy Voting Policy. In addition, the Firm will provide, upon request, a list of how each proxy was voted for an investor.

 

Key Proxy Voting Issues:

 

Election of Directors and Appointment of Accountants

 

The Firm will vote for management’s proposed directors in uncontested elections. For contested elections, the Firm votes for candidates it believes best serve shareholders’ interests. The Firm votes to ratify management’s appointment of independent auditors.

 

Increase Authorized Capital

 

The Firm votes for these proposals in the absence of unusual circumstances. There are many business reasons for companies to increase their authorized capital. The additional shares often are intended to be used for general corporate purposes, to raise new investment capital for acquisitions, stock splits, recapitalizations or debt restructurings.

 

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Preference Shares

 

The Firm will carefully review proposals to authorize new issues of preference shares or increase the shares authorized for existing issues. The Firm recognizes that new issues of authorized preference shares can provide flexibility to corporate issuers as the shares can be issued quickly without further shareholder approval in connection with financings or acquisitions. Therefore, generally the Firm will not oppose proposals to authorize the issuance of preferred shares. The Firm will, however, scrutinize any such proposals which give the Board the authority to assign disproportionate voting rights at the time the shares are issued.

 

Dual Capitalization, Other Preferential Voting Rights

 

The Firm will generally vote against proposals to divide share capital into two or more classes or to otherwise create classes of shares with unequal voting and dividend rights. The Firm is concerned that the effect of these proposals, over time, is to consolidate voting power in the hands of relatively few insiders, disproportionate to their percentage ownership of the company’s share capital as a whole. This concentration of voting power can effectively block any takeover which management opposes and dilute accountability to shareholders.

 

Merger/Acquisition

 

All proposals are reviewed on a case by case basis by taking the following into consideration:

 

whether the proposed acquisition price represents fair value;

 

whether shareholders could realize greater value through other means; and

 

whether all shareholders receive equal/fair treatment under the merger acquisition terms.

 

Restructuring/Recapitalization

 

All proposals are reviewed on a case by case basis taking the following into consideration:

 

whether the proposed restructuring/recapitalization is the best means of enhancing shareholder value; and

 

whether the company’s longer term prospects will be positively affected by the proposal.

 

Provide Director Indemnification

 

The Firm will vote for proposals to provide corporate indemnification for directors if consistent with all relevant laws. Corporations face great obstacles in attracting and retaining capable directors. The Firm believes such proposals will contribute to corporations’ ability to attract qualified individuals and will enhance the stability of corporate management.

 

C-25

 

 

Share Option Plans

 

The Firm will generally vote against proposals which authorize:

 

more than 10% of the company’s outstanding shares to be reserved for the award of share options; or

 

the award of share options to Employees and/or non-Employees of the company (for instance, outside directors and consultants) if the exercise price is less than the share’s fair market value at the date of the grant of the options and does not carry relevant performance hurdles for exercise; or

 

the exchange of outstanding options for new ones at lower exercise prices.

 

Shareholder Proposals - Corporate Governance Issues:

 

Majority Independent Board

 

The Firm will generally vote for proposals calling for a majority outside board. The Firm believes that a majority of independent directors can be an important factor in facilitating objective decision making and enhancing accountability to shareholders.

 

Executive Compensation

 

The Firm will generally vote against proposals to restrict Employee compensation. The Firm believes that the specific amounts and types of Employee compensation are within the ordinary business responsibilities of the Board of Directors and company management; provided, however, that share option plans meet our guidelines for such plans as set forth herein. On a case by case basis, the Firm will vote for proposals requesting more detailed disclosure of Employee compensation, especially if the company does not have a majority outside board.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest:

 

In connection with any security which is the subject of a proxy vote, the Firm will determine whether any conflict of interest exists between the Firm or its Affiliates, on the one hand, and the beneficial owners of the securities, on the other hand. If a conflict of interest is identified, the Firm will first seek to apply the general guidelines discussed above without regard to the conflict. If the guidelines discussed above do not apply, the Firm will evaluate the situation and document the issue and resolution. The resolution may very well include notifying the beneficial owners of such conflict, describe how the Firm proposes to vote and the reasons therefore, and request the investor to provide written instructions if the investor desires the voting rights to be exercised in a different manner (which may include not voting the proxy). If an investor does not deliver contrary written instructions, the Firm will vote as indicated in its notice to investors.

 

C-26

 

 

Recordkeeping and Reports:

 

In order to comply with all applicable recordkeeping and reporting requirements, the Firm will do the following:

 

1.The Firm will keep a copy of this Proxy Voting Policy and provide the same to investors upon request.

 

2.The Firm will retain copies of the proxy statements and a record of each vote cast by the Firm on behalf of an investor.

 

3.The Firm will retain a copy of any document created by the Firm that was material to making a decision regarding how to vote proxies on behalf of an investor or that memorializes the basis for that decision.

 

Responsibilities

 

The Portfolio Managers are responsible for voting the proxies of which they are monitoring; undertaking any nonroutine matters that may need to be addressed. The Compliance Department is responsible for ensuring that the Proxy Voting procedures are adhered to and overseeing the process.

 

C-27

 

 

CREATIVEONE WEALTH, LLC

 

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

 

CORPORATE ACTIONS AND PROXY VOTING POLICY

 

Introduction

 

Rule 206(4)-6 of the Advisers Act (the “Proxy Rule”) requires a registered investment adviser that exercises voting authority with respect to client securities to: (i) adopt written policies reasonably designed to ensure that the investment adviser votes in the best interest of its clients and addresses how the investment adviser will deal with material conflicts of interest that may arise between the investment adviser and its clients; (ii) disclose to its clients information about such policies and procedures; and (iii) upon request, provide information on how proxies were voted.

 

Corporate Action and Proxy Voting Policy

 

In general, CreativeOne Wealth does not vote proxies or participate in corporate actions on behalf of clients. However, should the Firm participate in either corporate actions or votes proxies, CreativeOne Wealth’s policy is to comply with the Proxy Rule and act solely in the best interest of the client when exercising its voting authority. Should the Firm determine whether and how to vote corporate actions and proxies, it will apply the following guidelines, as applicable:

 

  CreativeOne Wealth will attempt to consider all aspects of the vote that could affect the value of the issuer or that of the client;

 

  CreativeOne Wealth will vote in a manner that it believes is consistent with the client’s stated objectives; and

 

  CreativeOne Wealth will generally vote in accordance with the recommendation of the issuing company’s management on routine and administrative matters, unless the Firm has a particular reason to vote to the contrary.

 

  CreativeOne Wealth will vote proxies for assets maintained in funds sub-advised by CreativeOne Wealth (e.g., VEGA) in accordance with the requirements of the Sub-Advisory Agreement between CreativeOne Wealth and the fund’s investment adviser.

 

  With some ERISA accounts, CreativeOne Wealth may vote proxies if the Investment Advisory Agreement states that the advisor will vote proxies.

 

  Under some Sub-Advisory Agreement(s), CreativeOne Wealth may be responsible for reviewing proxy solicitation materials or voting and handling proxies in relation to the securities held as assets.

 

C-28

 

 

Conflicts of Interest

 

CreativeOne Wealth will not put its own interests ahead of those of any client and will resolve any possible conflicts between its interests and those of the client in favor of the client. In the event that a potential conflict of interest arises, the Firm will undertake the below analysis.

 

A conflict of interest will be considered material to the extent that it is determined that the conflict has the potential to influence CreativeOne Wealth’s decision making in voting the proxy. If such a material conflict is deemed to exist, the Firm will refrain completely from exercising its discretion with respect to voting the proxy and will instead refer that vote to an outside service for its independent consideration. If it is determined that any such conflict or potential conflict is not material, CreativeOne Wealth may vote the proxy.

 

Voting Information and Recordkeeping

 

Under the Books and Records Rules, CreativeOne Wealth must retain: (i) its voting policies and procedures; (ii) corporate action and proxy statements received; (iii) records of votes cast; (iv) records of its client’s requests for voting information; and (v) any documents prepared by the Firm that were material to making a decision on how to vote. All votes will be documented and maintained by the CCO.

 

Operating Procedures and Compliance Review

 

CreativeOne Wealth generally will not vote proxies; however, it may do so as it deems necessary or appropriate. Prior to voting, the CCO will make a determination as to whether a material conflict of interest exists and will either resolve the conflict or refer the proxy vote to an outside service for its independent consideration. The CCO periodically reviews the proxy voting records to confirm that proxies are voted according to the Firm’s policies and records are appropriately maintained.

 

C-29

 

 

PART C: OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 28. Exhibits

 

(a)(1) Certificate of Trust, dated July 30, 2007, as filed with the state of Delaware on August 1, 2007, for AdvisorShares Trust (the “Registrant” or the “Trust”) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(1) of the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) via EDGAR Accession No. 0001104659-09-017027 on March 12, 2009.
   
(a)(2) Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated July 30, 2007, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(2) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001104659-09-037448 on June 9, 2009.
   
(b) Registrant’s By-Laws, dated July 30, 2007, as amended November 13, 2013, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (b) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-13-065833 on December 5, 2013.
   
(c) Not applicable.
   
(d)(1) Investment Advisory Agreement, dated February 5, 2018, between the Registrant and AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (the “Advisory Agreement”) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(1) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 127 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-18-004986 on June 8, 2018.
   
(d)(2) Amendment No. 1, dated February 12, 2018, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 127 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-18-004986 on June 8, 2018.
   
(d)(3) Amendment No. 2, dated February 16, 2018, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 127 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-18-004986 on June 8, 2018.
   
(d)(4) Amendment No. 3, dated March 6, 2018, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(4) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 127 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-18-004986 on June 8, 2018.
   
(d)(5) Amendment No. 4, dated June 5, 2018, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 127 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-18-004986 on June 8, 2018.

 

C-1

 

 

(d)(6) Amendment No. 5, dated October 11, 2018, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(6) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 142 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-19-001084 on January 28, 2019.
   
(d)(7) Amendment No. 6, dated December 21, 2018, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 142 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-19-001084 on January 28, 2019.
   
(d)(8) Amendment No. 7, dated February 21, 2019, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(8) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 144 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-19-005745 on April 15, 2019.
   
(d)(9) Amendment No. 8, dated April 1, 2019, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(9) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 144 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-19-005745 on April 15, 2019.
   
(d)(10) Amendment No. 9, dated May 16, 2019, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(10) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 146 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-19-011592 on August 28, 2019.
   
(d)(11) Amendment No. 10, dated December 25, 2019, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(11) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 152 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-19-015892 on December 20, 2019.
   
(d)(12) Amendment No. 11, dated June 26, 2020, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(12) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 161 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-20-007951 on July 1, 2020.
   
(d)(13) Amendment No. 12, dated December 10, 2020, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(13) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 172 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-20-000353 on December 16, 2020.
   
(d)(14) Amendment No. 13, dated January 11, 2021, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(14) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 174 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-000030 on January 11, 2021.

 

C-2

 

 

(d)(15) Amendment No. 14, dated April 16, 2021, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(15) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 177 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-002662 on April 19, 2021.
   
(d)(16) Amendment No. 15, dated May 27, 2021, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(16) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 179 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-004871 on June 7, 2021.
   
(d)(17) Amendment No. 16, dated July 30, 2021, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(17) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 192 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-009881 on September 10, 2021.
   
(d)(18) Amendment No. 17, dated November 1, 2021, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(18) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 198 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-014030 on November 10, 2021.
   
(d)(19) Amendment No. 18, dated November 24, 2021, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(19) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 217 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-006843 on March 28, 2022.
   
(d)(20) Amendment No. 19, dated January 28, 2022, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(20) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 217 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-006843 on March 28, 2022.
   
(d)(21) Amendment No. 20, dated March 28, 2022, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(21) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 217 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-006843 on March 28, 2022.
   
(d)(22) Amendment No. 21, dated August 10, 2022, to the Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(22) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 221 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-015626 on August 10, 2022.
   
(d)(23) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated February 12, 2018, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC (the “Dorsey Wright Sub-Advisory Agreement”) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 131 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-18-010602 on October 9, 2018.

 

C-3

 

 

(d)(24) Amended Schedule A, dated June 5, 2018, to the Dorsey Wright Sub-Advisory Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(8) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 131 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-18-010602 on October 9, 2018.
   
(d)(25) Form of Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated August 25, 2022, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Ranger Alternative Management, L.P. is filed herewith.
   
(d)(26) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated November 25, 2020, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and ChangePath, LLC (now, CreativeOne Wealth, LLC) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(18) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 172 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-20-000353 on December 16, 2020.
   
(d)(27) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated July 1, 2022 between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC d/b/a Newfleet Asset Management is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(28) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 221 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-015626 on August 10, 2022.
   
(d)(28) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated December 10, 2020, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and ThinkBetter, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(21) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 172 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-20-000353 on December 16, 2020.
   
(d)(29) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated January 11, 2021, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Alpha DNA Investment Management LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(23) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 174 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-000030 on January 11, 2021.
   
(d)(30) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated May 27, 2021, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Gerber Kawasaki, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(27) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 179 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-004871 on June 7, 2021.
   
(d)(31) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated October 27, 2021, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and CSM Advisors, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(28) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 197 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-013756 on November 5, 2021.

 

C-4

 

 

(d)(32) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated October 25, 2021, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Poseidon Investment Management, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(30) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 198 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-014030 on November 10, 2021.
   
(d)(33) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated February 16, 2022, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Morgan Creek Capital Management, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(33) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 218 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-007011 on March 30, 2022.
   
(e)(1) ETF Distribution Agreement, dated June 25, 2009, between the Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Initial Distribution Agreement”) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (e)(1) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-10-013601 on March 16, 2010.
   
(e)(2) ETF Distribution Agreement, dated May 31, 2017, between the Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “2017 Distribution Agreement”) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (e)(23) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-17-003336 on June 23, 2017.
   
(e)(3) ETF Distribution Agreement, dated September 30, 2021, between the Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “2021 Distribution Agreement” and, together with the Initial Distribution Agreement and the 2017 Distribution Agreement, the “Amended Distribution Agreement”) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (e)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 194 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-013072 on October 29, 2021.
   
(e)(4) First Amendment, dated September 30, 2021, to the Amended Distribution Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (e)(4) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 198 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-014030 on November 10, 2021.
   
(e)(5) Second Amendment, dated January 19, 2022, to the Amended Distribution Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (e)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 207 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-22-002020 on January 28, 2022.
   
(e)(6) Third Amendment, dated February 11, 2022, to the Amended Distribution Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (e)(6) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 217 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-006843 on March 28, 2022.

 

C-5

 

 

(e)(7) Fourth Amendment, dated March 28, 2022, to the Amended Distribution Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (e)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 217 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-006843 on March 28, 2022.
   
(e)(8) Fifth Amendment, dated July 22, 2022, to the Amended Distribution Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (e)(8) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 221 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-015626 on August 10, 2022.
   
(e)(9) Form of Authorized Participant Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (e)(2) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001104659-09-052948 on September 1, 2009.
   
(f) Not applicable.
   
(g)(1) Custody Agreement, dated July 16, 2009, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon (the “Custody Agreement”) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (g) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-10-013601 on March 16, 2010.
   
(g)(2) Amendment, dated December 11, 2017, to the Custody Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (g)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 127 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-18-004986 on June 8, 2018.
   
(g)(3) Amendment and revised Schedule II, dated August 9, 2022, to the Custody Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (g)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 221 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-015626 on August 10, 2022.
   
(g)(4) Exchange Traded Fund Services Fee Schedule for Fund Custody, Fund Accounting, Fund Administration and Transfer Agency Services dated February 2009 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-10-049117 on September 13, 2010.
   
(h)(1) Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement, dated July 16, 2009, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon (the “Administration and Accounting Agreement”) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(1) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-10-013601 on March 16, 2010.
   
(h)(2) Amendment, dated June 1, 2014, to the Administration and Accounting Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(1) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-14-053413 on August 29, 2014.

 

C-6

 

 

(h)(3) Amendment and revised Exhibit A, dated August 9, 2022, to the Administration and Accounting Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 221 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-015626 on August 10, 2022.
   
(h)(4) Investment Company Reporting Modernization Services Amendment, dated April 15, 2021, to the Administration and Accounting Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 179 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-004871 on June 7, 2021.
   
(h)(5) Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, dated July 16, 2009, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon (the “Transfer Agency Agreement”) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-10-013601 on March 16, 2010.
   
(h)(6) Amendment and revised Schedule I, dated August 9, 2022, to the Transfer Agency Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(6) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 221 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-015626 on August 10, 2022.
   
(h)(7) Exchange Traded Fund Services Fee Schedule for Fund Custody, Fund Accounting, Fund Administration and Transfer Agency Services dated February 2009 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-10-049117 on September 13, 2010.
   
(h)(8) Third Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement, dated September 8, 2017, between the Registrant and AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (the “AdvisorShares Investments Expense Limitation Agreement”) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 120 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-17-005962 on October 27, 2017.
   
(h)(9) Revised Schedule A, dated August 10, 2022, to the AdvisorShares Investments Expense Limitation Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(9) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 221 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-015626 on August 10, 2022.
   
(h)(10) Expense Limitation Agreement, dated September 15, 2010, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Ranger Alternative Management, L.P. is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (d)(15) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 12 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-10-050506 on September 22, 2010.

 

C-7

 

 

(h)(11) Sub-Advisor Expense Limitation Agreement, dated November 25, 2020, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and ChangePath, LLC (now, CreativeOne Wealth, LLC) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(10) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 172 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-20-000353 on December 16, 2020.
   
(h)(12) Sub-Advisor Expense Limitation Agreement, dated December 10, 2020, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and ThinkBetter, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(12) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 172 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-20-000353 on December 16, 2020.
   
(h)(13) Sub-Advisor Expense Limitation Agreement, dated January 11, 2021, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Alpha DNA Investment Management LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(17) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 174 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-000030 on January 11, 2021.
   
(h)(14) Sub-Advisor Expense Limitation Agreement, dated May 27, 2021, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Gerber Kawasaki, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(17) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 179 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-004871 on June 7, 2021.
   
(h)(15) Sub-Advisor Expense Limitation Agreement, dated October 27, 2021, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and CSM Advisors, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(18) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 197 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-013756 on November 5, 2021.
   
(h)(16) Sub-Advisor Expense Limitation Agreement, dated October 25, 2021, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Poseidon Investment Management, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(19) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 198 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-014030 on November 10, 2021.
   
(h)(17) Sub-Advisor Expense Limitation Agreement, dated February 16, 2022, between AdvisorShares Investments, LLC and Morgan Creek Capital Management, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(17) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 218 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-007011 on March 30, 2022.
   
(h)(18) Fund of Funds Investment Agreement, dated February 16, 2022, between the Registrant and Valkyrie ETF Trust II is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(18) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 217 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-006843 on March 28, 2022.

 

C-8

 

 

(h)(19) Fund of Funds Investment Agreement, dated January 19, 2022, between the Registrant and ProShares Trust is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(19) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 217 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-006843 on March 28, 2022.
   
(i)(1) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to each series of the Trust (except for those series listed in Exhibit numbers (i)(2)-(i)(17) below), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 100 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-15-061249 on October 28, 2015.
   
(i)(2) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Focused Equity ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(4) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001144204-16-123945 on September 14, 2016.
   
(i)(3) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Vice ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(6) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-17-006725 on November 14, 2017.
   
(i)(4) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF and AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 127 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-18-004986 on June 8, 2018.
   
(i)(5) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(8) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 144 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-19-005745 on April 15, 2019.
   
(i)(6) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM US Core ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright FSM All Cap World ETF and AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Alpha Equal Weight ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(8) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 152 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-19-015892 on December 20, 2019.

 

C-9

 

 

(i)(7) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 161 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-20-007951 on July 1, 2020.
   
(i)(8) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF and AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 172 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-20-000353 on December 16, 2020.
   
(i)(9) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(9) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 174 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-000030 on January 11, 2021.
   
(i)(10) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Restaurant ETF and AdvisorShares Hotel ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(10) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 177 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-002662 on April 19, 2021.
   
(i)(11) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(11) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 179 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-004871 on June 7, 2021.
   
(i)(12) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(12) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 192 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-009881 on September 10, 2021.
   
(i)(13) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(13) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 198 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-014030 on November 10, 2021.
   
(i)(14) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Let Bob AI Powered Momentum ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(14) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 207 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-002020 on January 28, 2022.
   
(i)(15) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Drone Technology ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(15) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 217 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-006843 on March 28, 2022.

 

C-10

 

 

(i)(16) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Managed Bitcoin Strategy ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(16) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 218 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-007011 on March 30, 2022.
   
(i)(17) Opinion and consent of counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares MSOS 2x Daily ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(17) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 221 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-015626 on August 10, 2022.
   
(j) Not applicable.
   
(k) Not applicable.
   
(l) Not applicable.
   
(m)(1) Distribution Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (m) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001104659-09-052948 on September 1, 2009.
   
(m)(2) Schedule A, as last revised August 10, 2022, to the Distribution Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (m)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 221 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-015626 on August 10, 2022.
   
(n) Not applicable.
   
(o) Not applicable.
   
(p)(1) Code of Ethics of the Registrant, as revised April 26, 2022, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(1) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 219 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-011720 on May 23, 2022.
   
(p)(2) Code of Ethics of AdvisorShares Investments, LLC, as revised March 2022, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 218 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-007011 on March 30, 2022.
   
(p)(3) Code of Ethics, dated May 1, 2009, of Foreside Financial Group, LLC (including Foreside Fund Services, LLC) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(3) of the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-10-056114 on October 28, 2010.

 

C-11

 

 

(p)(4) Code of Ethics of Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(4) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 109 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-16-121820 on August 29, 2016.
   
(p)(5) Code of Ethics of Ranger Alternative Management, L.P. is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 221 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-015626 on August 10, 2022.
   
(p)(6) Code of Ethics of CreativeOne Wealth, LLC, as of December 2021, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 217 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-006843 on March 28, 2022.
   
(p)(7) Amended and Restated Code of Ethics, as of October 1, 2017, of Virtus Investment Partners, Inc., parent company of Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC d/b/a Newfleet Asset Management, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(11) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 126 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-18-002099 on March 26, 2018.
   
(p)(8) Code of Ethics, as revised July 31, 2019, of ThinkBetter, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(10) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 172 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-20-000353 on December 16, 2020.
   
(p)(9) Code of Ethics, dated January 30, 2018, of Alpha DNA Investment Management LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(11) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 174 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-000030 on January 11, 2021.
   
(p)(10) Code of Ethics of Gerber Kawasaki, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(12) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 179 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-004871 on June 7, 2021.
   
(p)(11) Code of Ethics of CSM Advisors, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(14) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 194 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-21-013072 on October 29, 2021.
   
(p)(12) Code of Ethics of Poseidon Investment Management, LLC is filed herewith.
   
(p)(13) Code of Ethics of Morgan Creek Capital Management, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(14) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 218 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001829126-22-007011 on March 30, 2022.

 

C-12

 

 

(q)(1) Powers of Attorney, dated June 2013, for Messrs. Noah Hamman and Dan Ahrens and May 2013 for Mr. William G. McVay and Madame Elizabeth Piper/Bach are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (q) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 73 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001144204-13-035024 on June 14, 2013.
   
(q)(2) Opinion of counsel, Fox Rothschild, LLP, on legal status of cannabis companies held by the AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (q)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 144 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-19-005745 on April 15, 2019.
   
(q)(3) Opinion of counsel, Seyfarth Shaw LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Pure US Cannabis ETF and AdvisorShares Pure Cannabis ETF is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (q)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 161 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No. 0001615774-20-007951 on July 1, 2020.
   
(q)(4) Opinion of counsel, Seyfarth Shaw LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Psychedelics ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (q)(4) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 192 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-009881 on September 10, 2021.
   
(q)(5) Opinion of counsel, Seyfarth Shaw LLP, relating to the AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (q)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 198 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 333-157876), as filed with the SEC via EDGAR Accession No.  0001829126-21-014030 on November 10, 2021.

 

Item 29. Persons Controlled by or under Common Control with the Fund

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 30. Indemnification

 

The Registrant is organized as a Delaware statutory trust and is operated pursuant to an Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated as of July 30, 2007, as amended (the “Declaration of Trust”), that permits the Registrant to indemnify its trustees and officers under certain circumstances. Such indemnification, however, is subject to the limitations imposed by the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Registrant’s Declaration of Trust provides that officers and trustees of the Trust shall be indemnified by the Trust against liabilities and expenses of defense in proceedings against them by reason of the fact that they each serve as an officer or trustee of the Trust or as an officer or trustee of another entity at the request of the entity.

 

(a) Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in paragraph (b) below:

 

(i) every person who is, or has been, a Trustee or an officer, employee, or agent of the Trust (“Covered Person”) shall be indemnified by the Trust or the appropriate Series (out of assets belonging to that Series) to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim, action, suit, or proceeding in which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his being or having been a Covered Person and against amounts paid or incurred by him in the settlement thereof; provided that the transfer agent of the Trust or any Series shall not be considered an agent for these purposes unless expressly deemed to be such by the Trustees in a resolution referring to Article IX of the Declaration of Trust.

 

C-13

 

 

(ii) as used herein the words “claim,” “action,” “suit,” or “proceeding” shall apply to all claims, actions, suits, or proceedings (civil, criminal, or other, including appeals), actual or threatened, while in office or thereafter, and the words “liability” and “expenses” shall include, without limitation, attorneys’ fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties, and other liabilities.

 

(b) No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person:

 

(i) who shall have been adjudicated by a court or body before which the proceeding was brought (A) to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office or (B) not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his action was in the best interest of the Trust; or

 

(ii) in the event of a settlement, unless there has been a determination that such Trustee or officer did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office:

 

(A) by the court or other body approving the settlement;

 

(B) by at least a majority of those Trustees who neither are Interested Persons of the Trust nor are parties to the matter based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); or

 

(C) by written opinion of independent legal counsel based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); provided, however, that any Shareholder, by appropriate legal proceedings, may challenge any such determination by the Trustees or by independent counsel.

 

(c) The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Covered Person and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of such a person. Nothing contained herein shall affect any rights to indemnification to which Trust personnel, other than Covered Persons, and other persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.

 

(d) To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, expenses in connection with the preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit, or proceeding of the character described in paragraph (a) of Section 9.02 of the Declaration of Trust may be paid by the Trust or Series from time to time prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of any undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person that such amount will be paid over by him to the Trust or Series if it ultimately is determined that he is not entitled to indemnification under Section 9.02 of the Declaration of Trust; provided, however, that either (a) such Covered Person shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking, (b) the Trust is insured against losses arising out of any such advance payments, or (c) either a majority of the Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the matter, or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review of readily-available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry or investigation), that there is a reason to believe that such Covered Person will be found entitled to indemnification under Section 9.02 of the Declaration of Trust.

 

C-14

 

 

Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.  In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer, or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

Item 31. Business and Other Connections of the Investment Advisor

 

Any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which each director or principal officer of the Advisor (defined below) and each sub-advisor is or has been, at any time during the last two fiscal years, engaged for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee are as follows:

 

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC

AdvisorShares Investments, LLC (the “Advisor”) serves as the investment advisor for each series of the Trust. The principal address of the Advisor is 4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. The Advisor is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, none of the directors, officers or partners of the Advisor is or has been engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.

 

Alpha DNA Investment Management LLC

Alpha DNA Investment Management LLC (“Alpha DNA”) serves as investment sub-advisor for the Trust’s AdvisorShares Alpha DNA Equity Sentiment ETF. The principal address of Alpha DNA is 8860 Columbia 100 Parkway, Suite 301, Columbia, Maryland 21045. Alpha DNA is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, none of the directors, officers or partners of Alpha DNA is or has been engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.

 

C-15

 

 

CreativeOne Wealth, LLC

CreativeOne Wealth, LLC (“CreativeOne”) serves as investment sub-advisor for the Trust’s AdvisorShares STAR Global Buy-Write ETF. The principal address of CreativeOne is 6330 Sprint Parkway,Suite 400,Overland Park, Leawood, Kansas 66211. CreativeOne is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, none of the directors, officers or partners of CreativeOne are or have been engaged in the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature, for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.

 

CSM Advisors, LLC

CSM Advisors, LLC (“CSM Advisors”) serves as investment sub-advisor for the Trust’s AdvisorShares North Square McKee Core Reserves ETF. The principal address of CSM Advisors, LLC is 420 Fort Duquesne Boulevard, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222. CSM Advisors is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2020 and 2021, none of the directors, officers or partners of CSM Advisors are or have been engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.

 

Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC

Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC (“Dorsey Wright”) serves as investment sub-advisor for the Trust’s AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright ADR ETF, AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Micro-Cap ETF and AdvisorShares Dorsey Wright Short ETF. The principal address of Dorsey Wright is 3300 W. Leigh Street Richmond, Virginia 23230. Dorsey Wright is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, none of the directors, officers or partners of Dorsey Wright are or have been engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.

 

Gerber Kawasaki, Inc.

Gerber Kawasaki, Inc. (“Gerber Kawasaki”) serves as investment sub-advisor for the Trust’s AdvisorShares Gerber Kawasaki ETF. The principal address of Gerber Kawasaki is 2716 Ocean Park Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90405. Gerber Kawasaki is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, the following directors, officers or partners of Gerber Kawasaki are or have been engaged in the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature, as indicated below, for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.

 

Name and Position with Gerber Kawasaki

Name of Other Company

Connection with Other Company

Ross Gerber, President, Chief Executive Officer & Chief Investment Officer Cocoon Malibu LLC Managing Member

 

C-16

 

 

Morgan Creek Capital Management, LLC

Morgan Creek Capital Management, LLC (“Morgan Creek”) serves as investment sub-advisor for the Trust’s AdvisorShares Managed Bitcoin Strategy ETF. The principal address of Morgan Creek is 301 W. Barbee Chapel Road, Suite 200, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517. Morgan Creek is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, none of the directors, officers or partners of Morgan Creek are or have been engaged in the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature for his or her own account in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee. 

 

Poseidon Investment Management, LLC

Poseidon Investment Management, LLC (“Poseidon”) serves as investment sub-advisor for the Trust’s AdvisorShares Poseidon Dynamic Cannabis ETF. The principal address of Poseidon is 330 Fell Street, Suite 200, San Francisco, California 94102. Poseidon is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2020 and 2021, the following directors, officers or partners of Poseidon are or have been engaged in the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature, as indicated below, for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.

 

Name and Position with Poseidon

Name of Other Company Connection with Other Company
Emily Paxhia, Managing Director Flowhub Director
Ascend Director
Headset Director
Respira Director
SPARC Director
Grupo Landsteiner Scientific Director
TriGrow Director
Athlete’s for Care Director
Morgan Paxhia, Managing Director Confident Cannabis Director
Bastcore Director
Wurk Director
Sublime Director
Tyler Greif, Managing Director Vicunita Minerals UK Limited Director
FCLE Holdings, LLC Director
Gold Key Holdings, LLC Manager and Director
HomeBase, LLC Manager and Executive Chairman
EdgeHill Venture Partners, LLC Chief Investment Officer

 

C-17

 

 

Ranger Alternative Management, L.P.

Ranger Alternative Management L.P. (“Ranger”) serves as investment sub-advisor for the Trust’s AdvisorShares Ranger Equity Bear ETF. The principal address of Ranger is 1845 Woodall Rodgers Fwy, Suite 1050, Dallas, Texas 75201. Ranger is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, the following directors, officers or partners of Ranger are or have been engaged in the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature, as indicated below, for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.

 

Name and Position with Ranger

Name of Other Company

Connection with Other Company

John Del Vecchio, Portfolio Manager Parabolix Research Incorporated President
Index Deletion Strategies, LLC Managing Member
17 Middle Pines, LLC Member
Brad Lamensdorf, Portfolio Manager, Trading and Market Strategist SPR LLC Managing Member
LMTR, LLC Principal
Active Alts, Inc. CEO & Portfolio Manager

 

ThinkBetter, LLC

ThinkBetter, LLC (“ThinkBetter”) serves as investment sub-advisor for the Trust’s AdvisorShares Q Portfolio Blended Allocation ETF and AdvisorShares Q Dynamic Growth ETF. The principal address of ThinkBetter is 1924 South Osprey Avenue, Suite 202, Sarasota, Florida 34239. ThinkBetter is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, the following directors, officers or partners of ThinkBetter are or have been engaged in the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature, as indicated below, for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.

 

Name and Position with ThinkBetter

Name of Other Company

Connection with Other Company

Renaud (Ron) Piccinini, Member The Q Consulting Group, LLC President
ThinkBetter Holdings, LLC Managing Member
Peach Financial Consulting Owner / Chief Executive Officer
Edward C. Bertelsen, Chief Executive Officer ThinkBetter Holdings, LLC Chief Executive Officer
The Q Consulting Group, LLC Chief Executive Officer
Teresa A. Koncick, Member ThinkBetter Holdings, LLC Member
The Q Consulting Group, LLC General Counsel
SunCoast Blood Centers Board Member
Christian C. Bertelsen, Member ThinkBetter Holdings, LLC Member

 

C-18

 

 

Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC

Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC d/b/a NewFleet Asset Management (“Newfleet”) serves as investment sub-advisor for the Trust’s AdvisorShares Newfleet Multi-Sector Income ETF. The principal address of Newfleet is One Financial Plaza, Hartford, Connecticut 06103. Newfleet is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, none of the directors, officers or partners of Newfleet are or have been engaged in the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature for his or her own account in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee. 

 

Item 32.Foreside Fund Services, LLC

 

Item 32(a)Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) serves as principal underwriter for the following investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended:

 

1.ABS Long/Short Strategies Fund
2.Absolute Shares Trust
3.Adaptive Core ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
4.AdvisorShares Trust
5.AFA Multi-Manager Credit Fund
6.AGF Investments Trust
7.AIM ETF Products Trust
8.Alexis Practical Tactical ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
9.Alpha Intelligent – Large Cap Growth ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
10.Alpha Intelligent – Large Cap Value ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
11.AlphaCentric Prime Meridian Income Fund
12.American Century ETF Trust
13.Amplify ETF Trust
14.Applied Finance Core Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
15.Applied Finance Explorer Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
16.Applied Finance Select Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
17.ARK ETF Trust
18.ASYMmetric ETFs Trust
19.Bluestone Community Development Fund
20.BondBloxx ETF Trust
21.Braddock Multi-Strategy Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
22.Bridgeway Funds, Inc.
23.Brinker Capital Destinations Trust
24.Brookfield Real Assets Income Fund Inc.
25.Build Funds Trust
26.Calamos Convertible and High Income Fund
27.Calamos Convertible Opportunities and Income Fund
28.Calamos Dynamic Convertible and Income Fund
29.Calamos Global Dynamic Income Fund
30.Calamos Global Total Return Fund
31.Calamos Strategic Total Return Fund
32.Carlyle Tactical Private Credit Fund
33.Cboe Vest Bitcoin Strategy Managed Volatility Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
34.Cboe Vest S&P 500® Dividend Aristocrats Target Income Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
35.Cboe Vest US Large Cap 10% Buffer Strategies Fund, Series of World Funds Trust

 

C-19

 

 

36.Cboe Vest US Large Cap 10% Buffer VI Fund, Series of World Funds Trust

37.Cboe Vest US Large Cap 20% Buffer Strategies Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
38.Cboe Vest US Large Cap 20% Buffer VI Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
39.Center Coast Brookfield MLP & Energy Infrastructure Fund
40.Changebridge Capital Long/Short ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
41.Changebridge Capital Sustainable Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
42.Clifford Capital Focused Small Cap Value Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
43.Clifford Capital International Value Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
44.Clifford Capital Partners Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
45.Cliffwater Corporate Lending Fund
46.Cliffwater Enhanced Lending Fund
47.Cohen & Steers Infrastructure Fund, Inc.
48.Convergence Long/Short Equity ETF, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
49.CornerCap Group of Funds
50.CrossingBridge Pre-Merger SPAC ETF, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
51.Curasset Capital Management Core Bond Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
52.Curasset Capital Management Limited Term Income Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
53.Davis Fundamental ETF Trust
54.Defiance Digital Revolution ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
55.Defiance Hotel, Airline, and Cruise ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
56.Defiance Next Gen Altered Experience ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
57.Defiance Next Gen Connectivity ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
58.Defiance Next Gen H2 ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
59.Defiance Next Gen SPAC Derived ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
60.Defiance Quantum ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
61.Direxion Shares ETF Trust
62.Dividend Performers ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
63.Dodge & Cox Funds
64.DoubleLine ETF Trust
65.DoubleLine Opportunistic Credit Fund
66.DoubleLine Yield Opportunities Fund
67.Eaton Vance NextShares Trust
68.Eaton Vance NextShares Trust II
69.EIP Investment Trust
70.Ellington Income Opportunities Fund
71.Esoterica Thematic ETF Trust
72.ETF Opportunities Trust
73.Evanston Alternative Opportunities Fund
74.Exchange Listed Funds Trust
75.Fiera Capital Series Trust
76.FlexShares Trust
77.FOMO ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
78.Forum Funds
79.Forum Funds II
80.Goose Hollow Tactical Allocation ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
81.Grayscale Future of Finance ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
82.Grizzle Growth ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
83.Guinness Atkinson Funds
84.Harbor ETF Trust
85.Horizon Kinetics Blockchain Development ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

C-20

 

 

86.Horizon Kinetics Inflation Beneficiaries ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
87.IDX Funds
88.Innovator ETFs Trust

89.Ironwood Institutional Multi-Strategy Fund LLC
90.Ironwood Multi-Strategy Fund LLC
91.John Hancock Exchange-Traded Fund Trust
92.Kelly Strategic ETF Trust
93.LDR Real Estate Value-Opportunity Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
94.LifeGoal Conservative Wealth Builder ETF, Series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II
95.LifeGoal Home Down Payment ETF, Series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II
96.LifeGoal Wealth Builder ETF, Series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II
97.Mairs & Power Balanced Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
98.Mairs & Power Growth Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
99.Mairs & Power Minnesota Municipal Bond ETF, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
100.Mairs & Power Small Cap Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
101.Manor Investment Funds
102.Merk Stagflation ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
103.Milliman Variable Insurance Trust
104.Mindful Conservative ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
105.Moerus Worldwide Value Fund, Series of Northern Lights Fund Trust IV
106.Mohr Growth ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
107.Morgan Creek - Exos Active SPAC Arbitrage ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
108.Morningstar Funds Trust
109.OTG Latin American Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
110.Overlay Shares Core Bond ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
111.Overlay Shares Foreign Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
112.Overlay Shares Hedged Large Cap Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
113.Overlay Shares Large Cap Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
114.Overlay Shares Municipal Bond ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
115.Overlay Shares Short Term Bond ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
116.Overlay Shares Small Cap Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
117.Palmer Square Opportunistic Income Fund
118.Partners Group Private Income Opportunities, LLC
119.PENN Capital Funds Trust
120.Performance Trust Mutual Funds, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
121.Perkins Discovery Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
122.Philotimo Focused Growth and Income Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
123.Plan Investment Fund, Inc.
124.PMC Funds, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
125.Point Bridge America First ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
126.Preferred-Plus ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
127.Putnam ETF Trust
128.Quaker Investment Trust
129.Rareview Dynamic Fixed Income ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
130.Rareview Inflation/Deflation ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
131.Rareview Systematic Equity ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
132.Rareview Tax Advantaged Income ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
133.Renaissance Capital Greenwich Funds
134.Revere Sector Opportunity ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
135.Reynolds Funds, Inc.

 

C-21

 

 

136.RiverNorth Enhanced Pre-Merger SPAC ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
137.RiverNorth Patriot ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust (f/k/a RiverNorth Volition America Patriot ETF)
138.RMB Investors Trust
139.Robinson Opportunistic Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust

140.Robinson Tax Advantaged Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
141.Roundhill Ball Metaverse ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
142.Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
143.Roundhill Cannabis ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
144.Roundhill IO Digital Infrastructure ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
145.Roundhill MEME ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
146.Roundhill Sports Betting & iGaming ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
147.Rule One Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
148.Salient MF Trust
149.Securian AM Balanced Stabilization Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
150.Securian AM Equity Stabilization Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
151.Securian AM Real Asset Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
152.SHP ETF Trust
153.Six Circles Trust
154.Sound Shore Fund, Inc.
155.Sparrow Funds
156.Spear Alpha ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
157.STF Tactical Growth & Income ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
158.STF Tactical Growth ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
159.Strategy Shares
160.Swan Hedged Equity US Large Cap ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
161.Syntax ETF Trust
162.Teucrium Agricultural Strategy No K-1 ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
163.The B.A.D. ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
164.The Community Development Fund
165.The De-SPAC ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
166.The Finite Solar Finance Fund
167.The Private Shares Fund (f/k/a SharesPost 100 Fund)
168.The Short De-SPAC ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
169.The SPAC and New Issue ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
170.Third Avenue Trust
171.Third Avenue Variable Series Trust
172.Tidal ETF Trust
173.TIFF Investment Program
174.Timothy Plan High Dividend Stock Enhanced ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
175.Timothy Plan High Dividend Stock ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
176.Timothy Plan International ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
177.Timothy Plan US Large/Mid Cap Core ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
178.Timothy Plan US Large/Mid Core Enhanced ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
179.Timothy Plan US Small Cap Core ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan
180.Total Fund Solution
181.Touchstone ETF Trust
182.TrueShares ESG Active Opportunities ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
183.TrueShares Low Volatility Equity Income ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
184.TrueShares Structured Outcome (April) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
185.TrueShares Structured Outcome (August) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

C-22

 

 

186.TrueShares Structured Outcome (December) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
187.TrueShares Structured Outcome (February) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
188.TrueShares Structured Outcome (January) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
189.TrueShares Structured Outcome (July) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
190.TrueShares Structured Outcome (June) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
191.TrueShares Structured Outcome (March) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

192.TrueShares Structured Outcome (May) ETF, Listed Funds Trust
193.TrueShares Structured Outcome (November) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
194.TrueShares Structured Outcome (October) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
195.TrueShares Structured Outcome (September) ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
196.TrueShares Technology, AI & Deep Learning ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
197.Tuttle Capital Short Innovation ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust
198.U.S. Global Investors Funds
199.Union Street Partners Value Fund, Series of World Funds Trust
200.Variant Alternative Income Fund
201.Variant Impact Fund
202.VictoryShares Developed Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
203.VictoryShares Dividend Accelerator ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
204.VictoryShares Emerging Market High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
205.VictoryShares International High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
206.VictoryShares International Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
207.VictoryShares NASDAQ Next 50 ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
208.VictoryShares Protect America ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
209.VictoryShares Top Veteran Employers ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
210.VictoryShares US 500 Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
211.VictoryShares US 500 Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
212.VictoryShares US Discovery Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
213.VictoryShares US EQ Income Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
214.VictoryShares US Large Cap High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
215.VictoryShares US Multi-Factor Minimum Volatility ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
216.VictoryShares US Small Cap High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
217.VictoryShares US Small Cap Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
218.VictoryShares USAA Core Intermediate-Term Bond ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
219.VictoryShares USAA Core Short-Term Bond ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
220.VictoryShares USAA MSCI Emerging Markets Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
221.VictoryShares USAA MSCI International Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
222.VictoryShares USAA MSCI USA Small Cap Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
223.VictoryShares USAA MSCI USA Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
224.Walthausen Funds
225.West Loop Realty Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust
226.WisdomTree Trust
227.WST Investment Trust
228.XAI Octagon Floating Rate & Alternative Income Term Trust

 

C-23

 

 

Item 32(b)The following are the Officers and Manager of the Distributor, the Registrant’s underwriter. The Distributor’s main business address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101.

 

Name   Address   Position with Underwriter  

Position with Registrant

Teresa Cowan   111 E. Kilbourn Ave, Suite 2200, Milwaukee, WI 53202   President/Manager   None
             

Chris Lanza

 

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101

 

Vice President

 

None

             
Kate Macchia   Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101   Vice President   None
             
Nanette K. Chern   Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101   Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer   None
             

Kelly B. Whetstone

 

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101

 

Secretary

 

None

             
Susan L. LaFond   111 E. Kilbourn Ave, Suite 2200, Milwaukee, WI 53202   Treasurer   None

 

Item 32(c)Not applicable.

 

Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records

 

State the name and address of each person maintaining principal possession of each account, book or other document required to be maintained by section 31(a) of the 1940 Act Section 15 U.S.C. 80a-30(a) and the rules under that section.

 

All accounts, books, and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules promulgated thereunder are maintained at the following offices:

 

(a) Registrant:
  c/o AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
  4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150
  Bethesda, Maryland 20814

 

(b) Advisor:
  AdvisorShares Investments, LLC
  4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 150
  Bethesda, Maryland 20814

 

(c) Sub-Advisors:
 

Alpha DNA Investment Management, LLC

8860 Columbia 100 Parkway, Suite 301

Columbia, Maryland 21045

   
  CreativeOne Wealth, LLC
  11460 Tomahawk Creek Parkway, Suite 200
  Leawood, Kansas 66211
   
  CSM Advisors, LLC
  420 Fort Duquesne Boulevard
  Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222

 

C-24

 

 

 

Dorsey, Wright & Associates, LLC

  3300 W. Leigh Street
  Richmond, Virginia 23230

 

  Gerber Kawasaki, Inc.
  2716 Ocean Park Boulevard
  Santa Monica, California 90405
   
  Morgan Creek Capital Management, LLC
  301 W. Barbee Chapel Road, Suite 200
  Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27517
   
  Poseidon Investment Management, LLC
  330 Fell Street, Suite 200
  San Francisco, California 94102
   
  Ranger Alternative Management L.P.
  1845 Woodall Rodgers Fwy, Suite 1050
  Dallas, Texas 75201
   
 

ThinkBetter, LLC

1924 South Osprey Avenue, Suite 202

Sarasota, Florida 34239

   
  Virtus Fixed Income Advisers, LLC d/b/a Newfleet Asset Management
  One Financial Plaza
  Hartford, Connecticut 06103
   
(d) Principal Underwriter:
  Foreside Fund Services, LLC
  Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100
  Portland, Maine 04101

 

(e) Custodian and Administrator:
  The Bank of New York Mellon
  240 Greenwich Street
  New York, New York 10286

 

Item 34. Management Services

 

Not Applicable.

 

Item 35. Undertakings

 

Not Applicable.

 

C-25

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 222 to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Bethesda, State of Maryland on the 29th day of August 2022.

 

  AdvisorShares Trust
   
  /s/ Noah Hamman
  Noah Hamman
  President

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 222 to the Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacity and on the date indicated.

 

Signature   Title   Date
         
/s/ Noah Hamman   Trustee and President (Principal Executive Officer)   August 29, 2022
Noah Hamman        
         
*   Trustee   August 29, 2022
Elizabeth Piper/Bach        
         
*   Trustee   August 29, 2022
William G. McVay        
         
*   Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)   August 29, 2022
Dan Ahrens        
         
/s/ Noah Hamman        
* Noah Hamman, Power of Attorney        

 

C-26

 

 

Exhibit Index

 

Exhibit No.   Exhibit
     

EX-99.D25

 

Form of Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with Ranger Alternative Management, L.P.

     
EX-99.P12   Code of Ethics Poseidon Investment Management, LLC

 

C-27