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12.5% Senior Secured Notes and Loans Payable
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
12.5% Senior Secured Notes and Loans Payable 12.5% Senior Secured Notes and Loans Payable
On July 15, 2019, the Company completed a private placement of up to $100,000 aggregate principal of its 12.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2025 (the “12.5% Notes” or “12.5% Senior Secured Notes”) and issued warrants for 2,000,000 shares of Common Stock (the “Warrants”), at $0.001 par value per share.
Upon closing of the indenture for the 12.5% Notes (the “Base Indenture”), the Company issued $70,000 of the 12.5% Notes (the “Initial Notes”) along with the Warrants and rights of first offer (the “First Offer Rights”) to the noteholders participating in this transaction. Issuance of the Initial Notes and Warrants provided net proceeds of $66,082.
On November 3, 2020, the Company entered into the First Supplemental Indenture (the “First Supplemental Indenture” and, together with all other subsequent supplemental indentures and the Base Indenture, collectively, the “Indenture”) by and among the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee (the “Trustee”) and Collateral Agent thereunder to the Base Indenture, by and between the Company and the Trustee. Under the Second Supplemental Indenture, the Company repaid $22,500 of its $70,000 outstanding 12.5% Notes from the upfront proceeds received under the Monetization Agreement. Further, the Company entered into an additional Purchase Agreement with its lenders whereby the Company issued in aggregate $4,000 of additional 12.5% Notes (the “Additional Notes”) in lieu of paying a prepayment premium to two lenders on the early repayment of the 12.5% Notes discussed above. The result of these two transactions reduced the net balance of the Company's 12.5% Notes outstanding in the aggregate to $51,500 at December 31, 2020. The $4,000 principal issuance would be repaid proportionally over the same maturities as the other 12.5% Notes. The Company also paid one of its lenders a $2,250 premium as result of the early retirement of debt.
The Company accounted for the $22,500 debt repayment as a debt modification of the 12.5% Notes. The fees paid to lenders inclusive of (i) a $2,250 early premium prepayment and (ii) $4,000 issuance of Additional Notes in lieu of paying a prepayment penalty were recorded as additional debt discount, amortized over the remaining life of the 12.5% Notes using the effective interest method. Loan origination costs of $220 associated with the Additional Notes were expensed as incurred. Existing deferred discounts and loan origination fees on the 12.5% Notes are amortized as an adjustment of interest expense over the remaining term of modified debt using the effective interest method.
The First Supplemental Indenture contains a provision whereby, as the Company receives any cash proceeds from the Monetization Agreement, each noteholder has the right to require the Company to redeem all or any part of such noteholder's outstanding 12.5% Notes at a repurchase price in cash equal to 112.5% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid
interest. This repurchase offer is capped at 30% of the cash proceeds received by the Company as the contingent milestones are attained, if any, up through June 30, 2025. A valuation study was performed by an independent third party appraiser and updated as of June 30, 2023. Based on the valuation study, the put option was valued at $0.00 and has been recorded in Other non-current liabilities. The embedded put option is deemed to be a derivative under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires the recording of the embedded put option at fair value and subject to remeasurement at each reporting period. In addition, as of the closing of this transaction, the Company issued to the holders of the 12.5% Notes warrants to purchase 143,000 shares of its Common Stock.
On August 6, 2021, pursuant to the Third Supplemental Indenture, the holders of the 12.5% Notes extended to June 30, 2022 from December 31, 2021, the Company's ability to access, at the Company's option, $30,000 of the 12.5% Notes re-openers under the Indenture. Under the Third Supplemental Indenture, the first $10,000 of 12.5% Notes re-openers represented a commitment of such amount by current holders of the 12.5% Notes, at the option of the Company, contingent upon FDA approval of the Company's product candidate Libervant (the "First Additional Securities"). In addition, under the Third Supplemental Indenture, a second $20,000 12.5% Notes re-opener represented a right, at the Company's option, to market to current holders of the Company's 12.5% Notes, and or other noteholders, additional 12.5% Notes up to such amount, contingent upon FDA approval of Libervant for U.S. market access (the "Second Additional Securities"). Under the Third Supplemental Indenture, the Company agreed that, if and to the extent that the Company accessed these re-openers, it would grant to the noteholders warrants to purchase up to 714,000 shares of Common Stock, with the strike price calculated based on the 30-day volume weighted average closing price of the Common Stock at the warrant grant date.
On October 7, 2021, the Company entered into the Fourth Supplemental Indenture, pursuant to which the amortization schedule for the 12.5% Notes was amended to provide for the date of the first amortization payment to be extended from September 30, 2021 to March 30, 2023. The Fourth Supplemental Indenture did not change the maturity date of the 12.5% Notes or the interest payment obligation due under the 12.5% Notes. In connection with the Fourth Supplemental Indenture, the Company entered into a Consent Fee Letter with the holders of the 12.5% Notes (the “Consent Fee Letter”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay the holders of the 12.5% Notes an additional cash payment ("Consent Fee") of $2,700 in the aggregate, payable in four quarterly payments beginning May 15, 2022. Additionally, the Company recognized a loss on the extinguishment of debt of $13,822 for fees and expenses related to the Fourth Supplemental Indenture during the fourth quarter of 2021. As of June 30, 2023, the Company completed its $2,700 Consent Fee payment to the holders of the 12.5% Notes.
On May 13, 2022, pursuant to the Fifth Supplemental Indenture, the holders of the 12.5% Notes further extended to March 31, 2023 from June 30, 2022, the Company's ability to access, at the Company's option, $30,000 of 12.5% Notes re-openers under the Indenture, subject to the full approval of Libervant by the FDA for sale in the United States, which full approval including U.S. market access for Libervant. Because FDA approval for U.S. market access was not obtained by March 31, 2023, the Company's option to access the re-openers expired on such date.
A debt maturity table is presented below:
Remainder of 2023$9,171 
202419,487 
202510,317 
Total$38,975 
The 12.5% Notes provide a stated fixed interest rate of 12.5%, payable quarterly in arrears, with the final quarterly principal repayment of the 12.5% Notes due at maturity on June 30, 2025. As of June 30, 2023, the Company recorded its principal payments as Loans payable, current and Loans payable, net on its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
The Company may elect, at its option, to redeem the 12.5% Notes at any time at premiums that range from 101.56% of outstanding principal if prepayment occurs on or after the fifth anniversary of the issue date of the Initial Notes to 112.50% if payment occurs during the third year after the issuance of the Notes. The Indenture also includes change of control provisions under which the Company may be required to redeem the 12.5% Notes at 101% of the remaining principal plus accrued interest at the election of the noteholders.
During the first quarter of 2023, the Company redeemed $5,647 of its outstanding 12.5% Notes. The Company also paid $353 in prepayment premium as result of the early retirement of debt which was reflected as a loss on extinguishment of debt. The prepayments along with the scheduled principal repayment in the first half of 2023 reduced the net balance of the 12.5% Notes outstanding in the aggregate to $38,975 as of June 30, 2023.
The Company capitalizes legal and other third-party costs incurred in connection with obtaining debt as deferred debt issuance costs and applies the unamortized portion as a reduction of the outstanding face amount of the related loan. Similarly, the Company amortizes debt discounts, such as those represented by warrants issued to its lenders, and offsets those as a direct reduction of its outstanding debt. Amortization expense arising from deferred debt issuance costs and debt discounts related to
the 12.5% Notes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 were $4 and $8, respectively, while comparative amortization expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were $4 and $8, respectively. Unamortized deferred debt issuance costs and deferred debt discounts totaled $19 and $27 as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Collateral for the loan under the 12.5% Notes consists of a first priority lien on substantially all property and assets, including intellectual property of the Company. This secured obligation provides payment rights that are senior to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the Company and provides the holders of the 12.5% Notes with perfected security interests in substantially all of the Company’s assets.