16. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Affiliate Receivables and Payables

Due from Affiliates and Due to Affiliates consisted of the following:


	June 30, 2013		December 31, 2012
Due from Affiliates
Accrual for Potential Clawback of Previously Distributed Carried Interest	$	70,994	$	165,322
Primarily Interest Bearing Advances Made on Behalf of Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders and Blackstone Employees for Investments in Blackstone Funds		142,094		155,302
Amounts Due from Portfolio Companies and Funds		322,062		259,196
Investments Redeemed in Non-Consolidated Funds of Hedge Funds		50,835		39,507
Management and Performance Fees Due from Non-Consolidated Funds		190,577		343,846
Payments Made on Behalf of Non-Consolidated Entities		207,168		150,317
Advances Made to Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders and Blackstone Employees		13,325		6,577

	$	997,055	$	1,120,067

Due to Affiliates
Due to Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Connection with the Tax Receivable Agreements	$	1,229,111	$	1,218,488
Accrual for Potential Repayment of Previously Received Performance Fees		175,312		267,116
Due to Note Holders of Consolidated CLO Vehicles		133,361		191,128
Due to Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders		206,529		201,286
Distributions Received on Behalf of Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders and Blackstone Employees		17,983		12,506
Payable to Affiliates for Consolidated Funds		36,329		81,589
Distributions Received on Behalf of Blackstone Entities		17,990		20,295
Payments Made by Non-Consolidated Entities		7,394		10,236

	$	1,824,009	$	2,002,644

Interests of the Founder, Senior Managing Directors, Employees and Other Related Parties

The founder, senior managing directors, employees and certain other related parties invest on a discretionary basis in the Blackstone Funds both directly and through consolidated entities. Their investments may be subject to preferential management fee and performance fee arrangements. As of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, such investments aggregated $1.0 billion and $939.4 million, respectively. Their share of the Net Income Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling and Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities aggregated $50.2 million and $9.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $100.6 million and $43.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Revenues Earned from Affiliates

Management and Advisory Fees, Net earned from affiliates totaled $80.8 million and $56.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Management and Advisory Fees, Net earned from affiliates totaled $120.1 million and $104.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Fees relate primarily to transaction and monitoring fees which are made in the ordinary course of business and under terms that would have been obtained from unaffiliated third parties.

Loans to Affiliates

Loans to affiliates consist of interest-bearing advances to certain Blackstone individuals to finance their investments in certain Blackstone Funds. These loans earn interest at Blackstone’s cost of borrowing and such interest totaled $0.7 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $1.7 million and $2.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Contingent Repayment Guarantee

Blackstone and its personnel who have received Carried Interest distributions have guaranteed payment on a several basis (subject to a cap) to the Carry Funds of any clawback obligation with respect to the excess Carried Interest allocated to the general partners of such funds and indirectly received thereby to the extent that either Blackstone or its personnel fails to fulfill its clawback obligation, if any. The Accrual for Potential Repayment of Previously Received Performance Fees represents amounts previously paid to Blackstone Holdings and non-controlling interest holders that would need to be repaid to the Blackstone Funds if the Carry Funds were to be liquidated based on the fair value of their underlying investments as of June 30, 2013. See Note 17. “Commitments and Contingencies – Contingencies – Contingent Obligations (Clawback)”.

Aircraft and Other Services

In the normal course of business, Blackstone personnel have made use of aircraft owned as personal assets by Stephen A. Schwarzman (“Personal Aircraft”). Mr. Schwarzman paid for his purchases of the Personal Aircraft himself and bears all operating, personnel and maintenance costs associated with their operation. Payment by Blackstone for the use of the Personal Aircraft by Blackstone employees is made at market rates. In addition, on occasion, Mr. Schwarzman and his family have made use of an aircraft in which Blackstone owns a fractional interest, as well as other assets of Blackstone. Mr. Schwarzman is charged for his and his family’s personal use of Blackstone assets based on market rates and usage. Personal use of Blackstone resources is also reimbursed to Blackstone at market rates. The transactions described herein are not material to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Tax Receivable Agreements

Blackstone used a portion of the proceeds from the IPO and the sale of non-voting common units to Beijing Wonderful Investments to purchase interests in the predecessor businesses from the predecessor owners. In addition, holders of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units may exchange their Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units for Blackstone Common Units on a one-for-one basis. The purchase and subsequent exchanges are expected to result in increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Blackstone Holdings and therefore reduce the amount of tax that Blackstone’s wholly-owned subsidiaries would otherwise be required to pay in the future.

One of the subsidiaries of the Partnership which is a corporate taxpayer has entered into tax receivable agreements with each of the predecessor owners and additional tax receivable agreements have been executed, and will continue to be executed, with newly-admitted senior managing directors and others who acquire Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. The agreements provide for the payment by the corporate taxpayer to such owners of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax that the corporate taxpayers actually realize as a result of the aforementioned increases in tax basis and of certain other tax benefits related to entering into these tax receivable agreements. For purposes of the tax receivable agreements, cash savings in income tax will be computed by comparing the actual income tax liability of the corporate taxpayers to the amount of such taxes that the corporate taxpayers would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Blackstone Holdings as a result of the exchanges and had the corporate taxpayers not entered into the tax receivable agreements.

Assuming no material changes in the relevant tax law and that the corporate taxpayers earn sufficient taxable income to realize the full tax benefit of the increased amortization of the assets, the expected future payments under the tax receivable agreements (which are taxable to the recipients) will aggregate $1.2 billion over the next 15 years. The after-tax net present value of these estimated payments totals $384.2 million assuming a 15% discount rate and using Blackstone’s most recent projections relating to the estimated timing of the benefit to be received. Future payments under the tax receivable agreements in respect of subsequent exchanges would be in addition to these amounts. The payments under the tax receivable agreements are not conditioned upon continued ownership of Blackstone equity interests by the pre-IPO owners and the others mentioned above.

Other

Blackstone does business with and on behalf of some of its Portfolio Companies; all such arrangements are on a negotiated basis.