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Basis of presentation (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of presentation
Basis of presentation

The accounting and financial reporting policies of BNY Mellon, a global financial services company, conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and prevailing industry practices. For information on our significant accounting and reporting policies, see Note 1 in our 2019 Annual Report.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented have been made. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our 2019 Annual Report.
Reclassifications Certain immaterial reclassifications have been made to prior periods to place them on a basis comparable with the current period presentation.
Use of estimates
Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates based upon assumptions about future economic and market conditions which affect reported amounts and related disclosures in our financial statements. Although our current estimates contemplate current conditions and how we expect them to change in the future, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could be worse than anticipated in those estimates, which could materially affect our results of operations and financial condition.
Fair value measurement Fair value measurement

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements is utilized based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. BNY Mellon’s own creditworthiness is considered when valuing liabilities. See Note 20 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2019 Annual Report for
information on how we determine fair value and the fair value hierarchy.

The following tables present the financial instruments carried at fair value at June 30, 2020 and Dec. 31, 2019, by caption on the consolidated balance sheet and by the three-level valuation hierarchy. We have included credit ratings information in certain of the tables because the information indicates the degree of credit risk to which we are exposed, and significant changes in ratings classifications could result in increased risk for us.